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تحضير عدد من مشتقات الادوية الجديدة لحامض الاسكوربيك وسكر الرايبوز وقياس تاثير هذه المركبات على فعالية انزيم اللايبيز والكولين استريز == Preparation A Number of New Drug From The Derivatives From Ascorbic Acid And Ribose And Study The Effect of These Compounds on The Activity of Lipase And Cholinesterase

اسم المؤلف: محمد يونس حمادي حسين
اسم المشرف: نزار احمد ناجي | فراس طاهر ماهر
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء الحياتية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: In this study, the preparation of a number of new drugs from the derivatives of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and ribose have been done through the formation of esters of these compounds. The tetra - acid esters of ribose have been obtained with mefenamic acid and methyldopa and aspirin during treatment of mefenamic acid, methyldopa and aspirin chlorides with ribose. The tetra - ester of ascorbic acid with ampicillin has also been obtained through the reaction of ampicillin chloride with ascorbic acid. The Products have been diagnosed by infrared spectroscopy (IR).The effect of four products has been studied on lipase activity compared with metronidazole benzoate as ester on lipase activity. The results showed that the highest activity of the enzyme was when tetra aspirin ester of ribose was used (2.36 Cherry - Crandall’s unit) and the lowest activity (1.37 Cherry - Crandall’s unit) when using tetra ampicillin ascorbic acid ester. Other compounds showed a slight increase in lipase activity.The effect of four compounds have been studied on cholinesterase activity, the results showed that tetra ampicillin ester is the highest effect to increase cholinesterase activity

دراسة طيفية وثرموديناميكية لعدد من معقدات انتقال الشحنة المشتقة من تفاعل 3 - ميثوكسي - 4 - هيدروكسي بنزلديهايد وعدد من الامينات الاروماتية مع عدد من المستقبلات الالكترونية == Spectral And Thermodynamic Studies for A Number of Charge Transfer Complexes Derived From The Reaction of 3 - Methoxy - 4 - Hydroxy Benzaldehyde And Number of Aromatic Amine With A Number of Electron Acceptors

اسم المؤلف: اماني اياد حسين علي
اسم المشرف: عبد الرحمن خضير عبد الحسين الطائي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: الجزء الاول : وفيه تم تحضير تسعة من قواعد شف المشتقة من 3 - ميثوكسي - 4 هيدروكسي بنزلديهايد وعدد من الامينات الاروماتية متمثلة بالانيلين والانيلين المعوض ب ( 2 - هيدروكسي، 4 - هيدروكسي، 2 - امينو، 4 - امينو، 2 - كربوكسي، 4 - كربوكسي، 2 - نيترو، 4 | This work divided into three parts which is dealt with study of charge transfer complexes. Nine Schiff bases used in this work were prepared by mixing (1 : 1) mole 3 - methoxy 4 - hydroxy benzyldehyde and the corresponding aromatic amines (aniline ,2_hydroxy aniline , 4_hydroxy aniline , 2_amino aniline , 4_amino aniline ,2_carboxy aniline , 4_carboxy aniline , 2_nitro aniline , 4_nitro aniline).The electronic spectra in absolute ethanol solvent were used to study the intermolecular charge - transfer complexes between the considered Schiff bases as charge donor and five charge accepter molecules.Three of them are non - acidic acceptors such as (dinitro benzene DNB , Trinitro benzene TNB and Iodine I2 ) , another two are weak - acidic acceptors (Trinitro phenol TNP and p - nitro phenol p - NP ).The equilibrium constant of the CT complexes have been calculated by applying the Benesi - Hildebrands equation for (1x10 - 4 : 1x10 - 5 M) Schiff base : Acceptors concentration ratio. The equilibrium constants for complexes formation which are ranging between (1250 - 3000 mol - 1. dm3) with Iodine, (800 - 6000 mol - 1. dm3) with dinitro benzene, (833 - 4500 mol - 1. dm3 ) with trinitro benzene, (1000 - 5555 mol - 1. dm3 ) with para nitro phenol, (1000 - 6250 mol - 1. dm3) with Trinitro phenol ,The extinction coefficients have been determined were (3333 - 25000 L.mol - 1.cm - 1) with Iodine, (3333 - 25000 L.mol - 1.cm - 1) with DNB, (1111 - 20000 L.mol - 1.cm - 1) with TNB, (1111 - 20000 L. mol - 1.cm - 1) with p - NP , (2000 - 33333 L.mol - 1.cm - 1) with TNP.The ionization potential (Ip) of these bases also have been determined and are (6.02 - 8.90 e.V) with Iodine ,(11.6 - 14.15 e.V ) with Dinitro benzene (8.10 - 9.20 e.V) with trinitro benzene , (8.57 - 9.64 e.V) with Para nitro phenol ,(6.26 - 8.15 e.V) with Trinitro phenol for the Schiff base association constant , It way noticed that the values of all the physical parameters of CTC and Schiff bases are affected by the substituted group due to the increases or decreases in the stability of the carbonium ion character of the azomethane.The another part of this work deals with study of the effect of temperature on the value of equilibrium constant KCT in the range (298 - 318)0k for charge - transfer complex formations in addition the values of ?H , ?G0 and ?S0 of the CT complexes were calculated from the dependence of KCT upon the temperature , The negative values of the enthalpy which proves that the formation of CTC are exothermic and could occur spontaneously.Finally , the third part of this work deals with studying the kinetic of formation and decomposition of the CTC in ethanol.The results indicated , the more stable CTC decomposes slower whatever was the nature of the acceptors , and the rate constant for formations and decompositions followed first order.

تحضير بعض بوليمرات قواعد شف ودراسة التشويب والتوصيلية الكهربائية لها == Synthesis And Characterization of Some Poly Schiff Base And Study Their Doping And Electrical Conductivity

اسم المؤلف: عمار فراس ابراهيم الدليمي
اسم المشرف: عماد طه بكر التكريتي | علي طه علي السامرائي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يتناول البحث تحضير المونومير ثنائي الامين (M1) الناتج من تفاعل 4 - امينو اسيتو فينون مع التيرفثالدهايد بطريقة تحضير الجالكونات وكذلك تحضير سبع بوليمرات من نوع بولي قواعد شف اذ استعمل ثنائي الامين (M1) في تحضير البوليمر (I) من خلال عملية تكاثف مع التيرفثال | This research handles preparation of seven polymers of poly Schiff bases , and The di amin (M1) has been prepared from reaction of 4 - amino acetophenone with terphthaldehyde by Chalcons preparing method , where terphthaldehyde was used to prepare ( VI , V , VII ) polymers through condensation with di amines { 2,6 - di amino pyridine , 4 - amino phenyl sulfone , di amino malono nitrile } , also phtaldehyde was used to prepare ( VII , IV ) polymers by condensation with di amines ( 2,6 - diamino pyridine , 4 - amino phenyl sulfone ) , and isophthaldehyde was used in preparation of polymer (III) by condensation with { 2,6 - di amino pyridine } and below is the structure of the prepared di amine (M1). All polymers have been characterized by FT - IR technique , and some of them were characterized by CHN and 1H - NMR , Pellets preparing of all polymers where prepared with thickness range (0.97 - 0.75) with range pressure (1000 - 2000) Kg\cm2 , and then a Volume Electric doped Conductivity has been measured for the samples in their pure and doped state by using different dopants (Iodine , Ferric chloride , Zinc chloride , and p - toluene sulphonic acid) , with different mole percentage , and also The Iodine doping was carried out by vaporization tecnique , electrical conductivity of polymers have been found in pure state (fist polymer to seven polymer) as follows : ( 1.19 - 11 , 1.22E - 11 , 2,76E - 11 , 3.00E - 11 , 2.28 E - 11, 2.33E - 10 , 8.00E - 11 ) the highest value for conductivity was for polymer ( VI ) which reached 2.33E - 10 , while the highest conductivity for the doped polymers was by using dopant iodine and reach to 9.66E - 6. the effect of changing the substitution benzene and the effect of dopants on increasing conductivity of polymers where the most effective factors for increasing the conductivity.

دراسة بايوكيميائية وجزيئية لتاثير مرض السكري من النوع الثاني على مستوى الهوموسيستين وعلاقته بالجين (SHMT1C1420T) == Biochemical And Molecular Study on The Effect of Diabetes Type II on Homocysteine Level And Its Relationship With Gene (SHMT1C1420T)

اسم المؤلف: حسام داود عبد الله
اسم المشرف: نزار احمد ناجي | عقيل حسين علي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء اللاعضوية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم للبنات - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: في هذا البحث تم تحضير واستخدام ليكاندين من مشتقات ال 2 - مركبتوبنزاميدازول وهما 2 - بنزويل ثايو بنزاميدازول (L1) و2 - ) بارا نايتروبنزويل ) ثايوبنزاميدازول (L2) لتحضير نوعين من المعقدات احدهما بوجود الليكاند المشترك phenanthroline (L') 1,10 - مع ايونات ا | IN this work Two of 2 - mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives ligands 2 - benzoyl thiobenzimiazole (L1) and 2 - (p - nitrobenzoyl) thiobenzimiazole (L2) were prepared and used to synthesize two types of transition metal complexes ; One of the set of complexes was prepared in presence of a co - ligand 1,10 - phenanthroline(L') with the metal ions V(IV), Cr(III), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II), the other set of complexes was prepared with the heavy metal ions Rh(III), Pd(II), Pt(IV) and Au(III) using conventional method. These ligands and their metal complexes were isolated and characterized in solid state using FT - IR, UV - Vis spectroscopy, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectra 1H, 13C - NMR, flame atomic absorption, elemental analysis C.H.N.S. and magnetic susceptibility measurements as well as melting point and conductivity measurements. The nature of bonding between the metal ion and the donor atoms of the ligands was demonstrated through the calculation of Racah parameter and other ligand field parameters, which were calculated using suitable Tanabe - Sugano diagrams. The nature of some (L2) complexes in liquid state was studied by following the molar ratio method which gave results approximately identical compared with those obtained from the isolated in the solid state; also, stability constants of the prepared complexes were studied , they were stable in the molar ratio 1 : 1.According to the results of the above measurements, the following shapes were suggested for the prepared complexes : Complexes of mixed ligands (L1 with L') : All complexes have an Oh geometry except V(IV) complex has a square pyramid geometry. Complexes of ligand (L2) : Complexes of Rh(III), Pd(II) and Au(III) have a square planar geometry, while Pt(IV) complex has an Oh geometry.A theoretical treatment of the ligands and the prepared complexes in gas phase was done using two programs; Hyperchem - 8 and Gaussian program (GaussView Currently Available Versions (5.0.9) along with Gaussian 09 which is the latest in the Gaussian series of programs).Hyper chem. - 8 program used the molecular mechanics and semi - empirical calculation, the heat of formation (?H?f), binding energy (?Eb) dipole moment (µ) for the free ligands and their metal complexes were calculated using ZINDO/1, PM3 and AMBER methods at 298 K. It was found that the complexes were more stable than their ligands; furthermore, the electrostatic potential of free ligands was calculated to investigate the reactive site of the molecules, PM3 was used to evaluate the vibrational spectra of free ligands ,the obtained frequencies agreed well with those values experimentally found; in addition, the calculation helped to assign unambiguously the most diagnostic bands.Electronic spectra measurements for the ligands were calculated theoretically using ZINDO/S method comparing it with the experimental results. It was found that there was a closely relationship between the theory and experimental spectra.Gaussian program semi - empirical (PM3) method which used in order to calculate : the geometry optimization, dipole moment (?),total energy ,electrostatic potential, ELUMO and EHOMO was obtained, evaluate the vibrational spectra of free ligands and these obtained frequencies agreed well with those values experimentally found.Also electronic spectra measurements for the ligands were calculated theoretically by using the job type : Single point energy (SP) along with ZINDO method and also the job type frequency (Freq) used along with CIS method (3 - 21G).

تحضير وتشخيص بعض مركبات قواعد شف الحلقية الجديدة ودراسة انتقائية معقداتها وبوليمراتها الكلابية == Synthesis And Characterization of Some New Heterocyclic Schiff Bases And The Study of Their Metal Ions Selectivity Complexes And Chelating Polymers

اسم المؤلف: دينا سعدي احمد مخلف الفلاحي
اسم المشرف: علي طه علي السامرائي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تتضمن هذه الدراسة تحضير مشتقات الاوكسادايازول (4,2,1 و4,3,1) ودراسة الفعالية البايولوجية لبعضها وذلك بتحضير المركب 2 - امينوثايازول حامض الخليك (1) من تفاعل 2 - امينوثايازول مع كلورو حامض الخليك في الايثانول المطلق ثم تحضير معوضات الاميدواوكزيم (6 - 2) ا | This study deals with the synthesis of (1,2,4 & 1,3,4 - ) Oxadiazole compounds and evaluation their biological activity.The synthesis was outlined as follows : - 1 - 2 - aminothiazole acetic acid (1) was prepared through the reaction of 2 - aminothiazole with chloroacetic acid.2 - Some new amidoxime derivatives (2 - 6) were synthesized by the reaction of substituted aromatic nitriyle with hydroxylamine hydrochloride.3 - the reaction of compound(2 - 6) with 2 - aminothiazole acetic acid (1) in the presence of (DCC) afforded compounds (7 - 11) namlly; N - O - (subs) amidoximyl - thiazol - 2 - yl - amino carboxylate. cyclo dehydration reactions of compounds(7 - 11) by heating yielded the corresponding1,2,4 - oxadiazol (12 - 16).4 - 5 - pyridyl - 1,3,4 - oxadiazole - 2 - thiol (17) was prepared by the reaction of Nicotinic acid hydrazide with carbondisulfide (CS2) in alcoholic(KOH).5 - Reaction of compound (17) with aryl halides in the presence of alcoholic(KOH)yielded the corresponding thioethers (18 - 25). 6 - Some hydrazone derivatives (28 - 30) were prepared by the condensation reaction of benzoic acid hydrazide (27) with appropriale aromatic aldehyde , these hydrazone were cyclized to the corresponding1,3,4 - oxadiazoles (31 - 33) using(PbO2) in glacial acetic acid. These compounds were characterized by asins available spectroscopic methods (UV,IR and NMR) , the spectral data obtained are combatable with the structures assigned to these compounds , some of these compounds were tested againstThis study also include the evaluation of biological activity of some prepared (12,13,14,15,16,18,19,20,21,23,24,25,31,32&33) on the growth of four types of pathogenic bacteria , (Escherichia coli, pseudomonas auruginosa, klebsela pneumoniae (gram negative) and staphylococcus aurous (gram positive) ).The results abtained are shown in tables (22 - 24).

دراسة بعض المتغيرات الكيموحيوية والمناعية في النساء المجهضات خلال الثلث الاول من الحمل == Study of Some Biochemical And Immunological Parameters in Abortifacient Women During First Trimester of Pregnancy

اسم المؤلف: انتصار فاضل مصطفى
اسم المشرف: صباح حسين خورشيد | نزار احمد ناجي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الرسالة تحضير العامل المساعد اوكسيد الزنك بطريقة الترسيب وقد تم تشخيصه بوساطة تقنية حيود الاشعة السينية XRD)) والاشعة تحت الحمراء (FTIR) والاشعة فوق البنفسجية - المرئية (..(UV - Vis تم دراسة تاثير درجة حرارة التلدين على الفعالية الضوئية لاوكسيد الزن | This work included preparation of zinc oxide by precipitation method. characterization of sample prepared work by using X - Ray Diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectra (FTIR) and Ultraviolet - visible spectra (UV - Vis). The effect of calcination temperature was studied on the photo activity of zinc oxide and physical properties such as surface area and porosity and density. The results showed that annealing temperature 773K was the best for the preparation of zinc oxide , which gave a good physical properties. The adsorption of Alizarin gelb dye (A.G) on the surface of zinc oxide was studied and it was found that the equilibrium time required was 30 min.. The kinetics of photo reaction of dye was studied in the presence of catalyst and oxygen through the irradiation of the dye solution by medium pressure mercury lamp at a temperature of 298 K and it was found that the order of reaction was first order. The optimum conditions for photooxidation of the dye was determined by studying several factors such us : dye concentration at the range (30 - 70) mg/L and it was found the optimum concentration was 40 mg/L , weight of zinc oxide at the range (0.05 - 0.9) g and it was found that the optimum weight was 0.3 g , pH of the medium at the range (3 - 11) and it was found that the optimum pH was 8 , different oxidants (potassium dichromate, potassium persulfate and hydrogen peroxide) and it was found that the highest percentage of dye decolorization was by using of hydrogen peroxide, The effect of doping transition metal ions (Co2+,Ni2+,Cu+2) it was found that undoping zinc oxide possessed higher activity from doped oxide , Effect presence of support materials such as (alumina, silica, bentonite, activated charcoal) on the dye decolorization and it was found that the higher percentage was by using activated charcoal.

دراسة طيفية لعدد من معقدات انتقال الشحنة لقواعد شف وحركيات الانحلال الضوئي للقواعد == Spectral And Photo Decay Kinetic Study for A Number of Charge - Transfer Complexes of Schiff Bases

اسم المؤلف: بشرى كامل نجم الفراجي
اسم المشرف: عبد الرحمن خضير عبد الحسين الطائي | نشوان عمر رشيد تبة باشي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The thesis included the preparation of a number of new compounds derived from coumarin. In the first stage was to prepare two of the main compensators coumarin and published by preparation methods known , It was the preparation of compound 3 - acetyl coumarin [70] via Biginelli condensing and through reaction Salicyladehyde with ethyl acetoacetate in existence Piperidine. also prepared compound 3 - Carbomethoxy coumarin [85] in the same way by reaction Salicyladehyde with dimethyl malonate in existence Piperidine.Then, depending on the substituted groups in the two compounds [70] , [85] was the synthesis of other derivatives, namely : 1. Prepare derivatives [71] , [72]through reaction compound [70] with Phenyl hydrazine to produce derivative [71] or with 4 - Nitrophenyl hydrazine to produce derivative [72].2. Prepare derivatives [73] , [74] by Fischer reaction and through treatment of derivatives [71],[72] with poly phosphoric acid to produce a derivatives [73] , [74]respectively.3. Prepare derivatives [75] , [76] by Vilsmeier - Heack reaction and that the treatment derivatives [71] [72], with a mix of (DMF / POCl3) to produce a derivatives[75] , [76] respectively.4. Prepare derivatives [77] , [78] through reactance derivatives [71] , [72] with Copper acetate aquatic in acidic medium to produce a derivatives [77] , [78] respectively.5. prepare a series of derivatives [79 - 84] by Biginelli reaction and through treatment of compound [70] with a number of substitute aromatic aldehydes and urea in acidic medium and get on derivatives [79 - 84].6. prepare a series of derivatives [86 - 88] through reaction compound [85] with a number of primary aromatic amines in acidic medium and get on derivatives [86 - 88].7. prepare a series of derivatives [89 - 92] through reaction compound [85] with Piperazine and its derivatives in the acidic medium and get derivatives [89 - 92].In addition in this research was assigned the structures of some new derivatives via spectroscopic methods (FT - IR) and (1H NMR) and (13C NMR) and (HSQC, HMBC) in addition to accurate analysis of the elements (CHN), has demonstrated diagnostic studies the success of the chemical reactions and the health of chemical compositions of the derivatives prepared.As has been the study of biological effectiveness of some prepared compounds and the results showed a difference in their effect on bacteria and fungi, it was found that most of the derivatives prepared possess biological activity in the killing and inhibition of bacteria (E.coli, Staphylococcus aureus), as well as fungi (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger) so as to contain aldehyd and hydroxyl groups and fluorine atoms, chlorine, and heterogeneous episodes that make these derivatives are more effective than the base compound in inhibiting and killing bacteria.

تحضير بعض مشتقات المركبات الحلقية غير المتجانسة المتضمنة حلقات رباعية وخماسية وسباعية وحلقة البايرازولين وتقييم تاثيرها على انواع مختلفة من البكتريا والفطريات == Synthesis of Some Deriativel Heterocyclic Compounds Containing Four, Five, Seven - Membered Rings And Pyrazol - 5 - One And Evaluate The Biological Activity of Some Bacteria And Fungies

اسم المؤلف: هبة حمزة رشيد لطيف التكريتي
اسم المشرف: خالد مطني محمد الجنابي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تتضمن الدراسة عدة اجزاء : الجزء الاول : تحضير مجموعة من قواعد شف من تكثيف البنزلديهايدالمعوض بالمواقع بارا بمجاميع( بارا - برومو، بارا - كلورو، بارا - نايترو، بارا - N,N - ثنائي مثيل امينو بنزالديهايد ) مع معوضات الانلين المختلفة (بارا - امينو اسيتوفينو | This Work was accomplished through the following four part : Part one In this part nine Schiff bases derived from p - substituted benzaldehyde) with (p - bromo aniline , p - amino acetophenon, aniline, 2 - amino phenol were prepared.The electronic spectra in absolute ethanol solution were used to study the intermolecular charge - transfer complexes between the considered Schiff bases as charge donor , and iodine as charge acceptor molecules.The physical parameters of charge - transfer complexes were calculated by applying Bensi - Hildebrand equation. The equilibrium Constants for complexes formation were found to follow (3<4<9<6<7<8<5<1<2) arrangement. The energy of the complexes and extiztion coefficient were found to have the same arrangement shown above. The difference in the values of this physical properties are attributed to structural difference of the molecular (donating and withdrawing substituted groups). KCT values for the complexes were calculated from Bensi - Hildebrand equation and was found to fit the following arrangement ( 9<8<7<4<3<6<5<1<2 ), depending mainly on the types of substituted groups on aniline ring. Part Two Effect of temperature variation on equilibrium constant for the charge - transfer complexes formation were measured by applying Bensi - Hildebrand equation ,which used to estimate the thermodynamic parameter such as (?G0, ?S0 , ?H ) in absolute ethanol. Part Three The kinetic of the formation of charge - transfer complexes in absolute ethanol was studied.The results indicated that, the more stable charge - transfer complexes have higher rate constant formation and the kinetic of CTC was first order. Part Four Photo stability of (1 - 9) Schiff bases against direct sun light was investigated as solution in both ethanol and dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO.The results indicated that, the rates of photo decay of the Schiff bases in ethanol were faster than in DMSO solvent and the photo decay kinetic was found to follow first order reaction in ethanol and second order in DMSO solution.

المتحسس الكهروكيميائي المعتمد على الاقطاب المطورة == Electro Chemical Sensor Based on Modified Electrodes

اسم المؤلف: مثنى سعيد علي كريم
اسم المشرف: سهام توفيق امين | عبد الرحمن خضيرعبد الحسين الطائي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء العضوية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: الدراسة تتضمن ثلاثة خطوات : - الخطوة الاولى : _ تحضير قواعد شيف (H1 - H15) التي تحتوي على موقع بارامع رسم المجموعات تحتوي على التحضيرات على التوالي في وسط متعادل خلال التفاعل بين مركبات الامينات الاروماتية ومعوضات البنزلديهايد في الايثانول المطلق. الخطوة | First step Schiff bases [H1 - 15] containing Para donating and with drawing groups have been prepared respectively in a neutral medium, through the reaction between aromatic amines compounds and substituted enz aldehyde in absolute ethanol. Second steppreparation of some of heterocyclic compounds include 3 - chloro - 2 - oxo - zetidine - 2 - one (H16 - 30) through its rection with chloro acetyl chloride in presence of tri ethyl amine in 1,4 - Dioxan and2 - (substituted aryl)thiozoldin - 4 - one (H31 - 40) is prepared from the reaction of thioglycolic acid with Schiff bases in presence of zinc chloride in dry Benzene and2 - (sub.aryl) - 5,7 - di - one oxazipene (H41 - 50) are synthesized by cyclization of Schiff bases using malic anhydride in methanol.Third stepthis part of the research included the preparation of compounds similar to chalcones which are the phenyl propene amide derivatives by the condensation of acetanilide and substituted acetanilide with substituted benzadehydes The phenyl propene amide derivatives were reacted with hydrazaid(iso nazaid) is preparation of Pyrazoline compounds (H56 - 60) are synthesized from the reaction of chalcons (H50 - 55).The structures of the synthesized compounds were supported by means of (FTIR), (UV - Vis), (1H - NMR) and the results are agreement with the proposed structures assigned to the synthesized compounds. Study of the biological activity for prepared compounds The study also includes the biological activity for some of the prepared compounds against four kinds of germs which known by its resistance against antibiotics, these are the compounds (H18,H31,H35,H41,H42,H53,H5) are tested on four types of germs which cause illness and resist the antibiotic agents and these germs( Bacillus submits, E - coli, salmonella, Enter course)and study the biological activity for some of the activity using different concentration and different type of fungous The results showed prominent activity against these bacteria, the detailed antibacterial screening are reported in Table (15) and the Inhibition of the fungus screening are reported in Table (16).

التقدير الطيفي للترايفلوبيرازين والكلوربرومازين في المستحضرات الصيدلانية باستخدام تفاعلات الاكسدة == Spectrophotometric Determination of Trifluoperazine Hydrochloride And Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride in Pharmaceutical Formulation By Oxidation Reactions

اسم المؤلف: عمر عدنان هاشم شريف ال ابليش
اسم المشرف: علي ابراهيم خليل الجبوري | محسن حمزة بكر
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study contained ageneral introduction about the Ion - Selective electrodes and ageneral introduction about Schiff's Base and the determination of Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride (DPH) and Phenylephrine Hydrochloride (PEH) and Metoclopramide Hydrochloride (METO) and Metformin Hydrochloride (METF ) drugs using new methods applying potentiometric (the first part) and using Schiff's Base as ionophor In ISES membranes ( the second part).The first part includes construction of membrane selective electrodes for DPH and PEH drugs based on complexation of drugs with Ammonium Reinckate (AR) and Phospho Molybdic acid (PMA) as an active substance using Di - n - Butyl phthalate (DBPH) as a plasticizers , poly vinyl chloride was used as a matrix for all electrodes.The Characters of each electrode were as follow : 1. For the Diphenhydramine - Ammonium Reinckate (DP - AR) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (4.5 - 6.5), (20 - 30?C), 10 - 2 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29.40) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9971, detection limit (8.88x10 - 7 M) and life time of the electrode was 34 days.2. For the Diphenhydramine - Phospho Molybdic acid (DP - PMA) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (4.5 - 6.5), (20 - 30 ?C), 10 - 4 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29. 90) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9960, detection limit (6.8x10 - 8 M )and life time of the electrode was 40 days.3. For the Phenylephrine - Ammonium Reinckate (PE - AR) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (5 - 6), (25 - 30 ?C), 10 - 3 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29.8) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9990, detection limit (2.22x10 - 7 M) and life time of the electrode was 24 days.4. For the Phenylephrine - Phospho Molybdic acid (PE - PMA) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (5 - 6), (25 - 30 ?C), 10 - 3 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29.5mv\decade), correlation coefficient r= 0.9990, detection limit (4.87x10 - 7 M ) and life time of the electrode was 26 days.The second part includes the use of Schiff's Base as ionophor in ISES MembranesThe second part includes construction of membrane selective electrodes for METO and METF drugs based on complexation of drugs Schiff METO and Schiff METF as Ionophor with Phospho Molybdic acid (PMA) as an active substance using Nitro benzene (NB) and Di - n - Butyl phthalate (DBPH) as a plasticizers , poly vinyl chloride was used as a matrix for all electrodes.The Characters of each electrode were as follow : 1.For the Metoclopramide - Phospho Molybdic acid (Schiff’s METO - PMA) electrode using (NB) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (4 - 6), (20 - 35 ?C), 10 - 4 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (19.90) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9970, detection limit (4.5x10 - 7 M) and life time of the electrode was 122 days.2.For the Metoclopramide - Phospho Molybdic acid (Schiff’s METO - PMA) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (4 - 6), (20 - 35 ?C), 10 - 4 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively. The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29. 70) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9950, detection limit (3.83x10 - 7 M )and life time of the electrode was 108 days.3.For the Metformin - Phospho Molybdic acid (Schiff’s METF - PMA) electrode using (NB) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (5 - 6), (25 - 35 ?C), 10 - 4 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29. 30) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9970, detection limit (3.87x10 - 7M )and life time of the electrode was 102 days.4.For the Metformin - Phospho Molybdic acid (Schiff’s METF - PMA) electrode using (DBPH) as a plasticizers, the optimum condition were (5 - 6), (25 - 35 ?C), 10 - 4 M for pH , temperature and concentration of filling solution respectively.The linear concentration range was from (10 - 5 - 10 - 1) M with a slope of (29. 10) mv/decade, correlation coefficient r= 0.9980, detection limit (2.37x10 - 7 M )and life time of the electrode was 90 days

تحضير، تشخيص وتقييم بايولوجي لبعض الادوية المصاحبة المشتقة من بعض مضادات الالتهابات غير الستيرويدية == Synthesis , Characterization And Biological Evaluation of Some Prodrugs Derived From Non - Steroidal Anti - Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)

اسم المؤلف: مصطفى راجي عايد حمد
اسم المشرف: خالد مطني محمد الجنابي | اياد سعدي حميد الدليمي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء الحياتية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجري هذا البحث لايجاد العلاقة بين العجز الكلوي المزمن ومستويات بعض المتغيرات الكيموحيوية عن طريق قياس مستوى انزيم الرينيين والفيوكوز الكلي (TF), الفيوكوز المرتبط بالبروتين (PBF) , البروتين المرتبطة بالسكريات السداسية (PBHex) وعدد من المتغيرات الكيموحيوية | This study has been done to determine the relationship between chronic renal failure and the level of some biochemical parameters (Rennin enzyme, Total Fucose(TF), Protein bound Fucose(PBF), protein bound Hexose (PBHex), and some other biochemical parameters including glucose , Urea, createnine, Uric acid, High density lipoproteins Cholestrol(HDL - c.), low density lipoproteins Cholestrol (LDL - c.) and electrolytes (Na+, K+ and Ca+2). Case study included (80) patients with chronic renal failure,Who admitted to the Kirkuk General Hospital Department of Dialysis , there ages were (31 - 60 years) of both sexes , patients has been divided into subgroups according to age {(31 - 35),(36 - 40),(41 - 45),(46 - 50),(51 - 550),(56 - 60)}year and severity compared with (45) normal persons as control with same ages, the results was as follows : Results showed a significant increase (P?0.01) in the level of rennin enzyme (5.013±0.052 ng/mL.h) of patients before dialysis compared with control group (2.58±0.32 ng/mL.h) for different age groups, and there was a significant increase slightly for different age groups.There was a significant increase (P?0.01) in the level of TF and PBF (12.14±0.89 mg/dL),(7.450±0.18 mg/dL) respectively compared with control group (28.76±0.03 mg/dL), (2.26±0.27 mg/dL) respectively for different age groups, and there was no significant correlation between age groups or sex.There was significant decrease (P?0.01) in the level of protein bound hexose PBHex, (123.35±0.9 mg/dL) compared with control group (89.76±0.9 mg/dl) for different age groups, and there was no significant correlation between age groups or sex.There was a significant increase (P?0.01) in the level of glucose (5.072±0.13 mmol/L) compared with control group (7.03±0.46 mmol/L) for different age groups, and there was a significant increase for females (7.40±0.7 mmol/L) compared with males (6.84±0.4 mmol/L).There was a significant increase (P?0.01) in the level of urea, uric acid and createnine, (5.66±0.24 mmol/L) , (336.5±1.4 mmol/L) , (90.8±1.3 mmol/L) respectively when compared with control group (34.27±0.9mmol/L) ,(516±1.8 mmol/L), (866±1.9 mmol/L) respectively for different age groups, and there was significant increase for males compared with females.There was a significant increase (P?0.01) in K+ level (5.896±0.05mmol/L) compared with control group (4.253±0.12mmol/L) and there was no significant correlation for males compared with females.There was a significant decrease (P?0.01) in Na+, Ca+2 level, (2.317±0.044 mmol/L), (144.35±1.6mmol/L) respectively compared with control group (1.89±0.046 mmol/L) , (121.00±1.1mmol/L) respectively and there was no significant correlation for different age groups or males and females, while there was a a significant correlation for male (1.979±1.1mmol/L) compared with female (1.768±0.073mmol/L).Result showed a significant decrease in HDL_c in the serum of patients before dialysis (1.263±0.027 mmol/L) compared with control (0.701±0.014 mmol/L) and there was a significant increase in HDL - c for female group compared with male group.There was significant increase in LDL_c in the serum of patients before dialysis (2.946±0.019mmol/L) compared with control (5.1±0.68mmol/L) and there was a significant increase in LDL - c for female (6.30±1.3 mmol/L) compared with male group(5.076±0.023mmol/L).

تحضير وتشخيص بعض مشتقات السكارين العضوية ومعقدات السكارين ومشتقاته الفوسفينية مع بعض الفلزات == Synthesis And Characterization Some of Organic Saccharin Derivatives And Metal Complexes of Saccharin And Its Phosphine Derrivative

اسم المؤلف: عفراء صابر شهاب الزوبعي
اسم المشرف: احمد عبد الحسن احمد الكاظمي | صبحي عطية محمود الجبوري
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء العضوية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمن البحث تحضير عدد من الادوية المصاحبة المشتقة من مضادات التهاب غير ستيرويدية تم الحصول عليها من معمل ادوية سامراء هي الايبوبروفين، الاندوميثاسين، النابروكسين، الاسبرين، الكابتوبريل والايزونوزايد. عملية تحوير ال | In this study, a number of prodrugs have been synthesized starting from Non - steroidal anti inflammatory drugs such as Ibuprofen, Indomethacin, Naproxen, Aspirin, Captopril and Isoniazid. The modification process started from the conversion of carboxyl group which is existing in these drugs (except in Isoniazid) into esters, chlorides and acid hydrazide.The drugs have been linked to each other and to itself via amide linkage through the reaction of their acid chlorides and acid hydrazides to afford 1,2 - diacyl hydrazine derivatives(M17 - M27). Some acid hydrazides have been treated with isophthaloyl chloride to Benzene - 1,3 - dicarbo hydrazide - 1,3 - Bis substituent(M28 - M30). The same hydrazides have been treated with Benzen - 1,3,5 - tri carbonyl tri chloride to afford Benzen - 1,3,5 - tricarbhydrazide - 1,3 - Tris substituent (M31 - M33). Compounds M28 and M29 have been treated with POCl3 to afford Bis - substituent - 5 - phenyl - 1,3,4 - Oxadizole(M34 - M35). Another modification onto drugs has been done through the linking of these drugs with quinazoline nucleus through amide linkage to afford N - (4 - oxo - 2 - phenylquinazolin - 3(4H) - yl)amide - substit derivatives (M38 - M42). Another modification has been carried out through the reaction of hydrazides with Aromatic aldehydes to afford the mono hydrazide - hydrazones derivatives or Schiff's bases (M43 - M65) and di hydrazide - hydrazones derivatives in which two moles from hydrazide have been treated with one mole of dialdehyde(M66 - M73). In addition, new hydrazones have been synthesized through the reaction of hydrazides with Isatin nucleus which is well known as biological active center to afford the compounds (M74 - M77) with good biological activity. Benzodiazepines have been obtained through the reaction of Isoniazid hydrazones with glycene phthalimide and p - aminobenzoic acid(M82 - M92). Indomethacin hydrazones have been treated with acetic anhydride to afford 1 - [2 - (substituent) - 5 - (5 - methoxy - 2 - methyl - 1H - indol - 3 - ylmethyl) - [1,3,4]oxadiazol - 3 - yl] - ethanone derivatives (93 - M97). The Derivatives of 5 - substit - 2 - Mercapto - 1,3,4 - Oxadiazole(M98 - M103) have been obtained through the reaction of the drug hydrazides with CS2 in the presence of KOH. The oxadizoles have been treated with hydrazine hydrate to afford 4 - amino - 5 - sub - 4H - 1,2,4 - triazole - 3 - thiol derivatives for the Non - steroidal anti - inflammatory drugs(M104 - M107). In addition, 5 - sub - 1,3,4 - Oxadiazole - 2 - amine derivatives have been obtained through the reaction of drug hydrazides with BrCN(M108 - M111). The compound 5 - {1 - [4 - (2 - methylpropyl)phenyl]ethyl} - N3 - phenyl - 4H - 1,2,4 - triazole - 3,4 - diamine (M113) has been synthesized through the reaction of the compound 2 - {2 - [4 - (2 - methylpropyl)phenyl]propanoyl} - N - phenylhydrazinecarbothioamide (M112) with hydrazine hydrate. The ester compound 2 - hydroxyphenyl 2 - [4 - (2 - methylpropyl)phenyl]propanoate (M114) have been obtained through the reaction of Ibuprofen chloride with salicylic acid. The two compounds, 2 - (4 - Isobutyl - phenyl) - propionic acid [1 - (4 - methyl - piperazin - 1 - ylmethyl) - 2 - oxo - 1,2 - dihydro - indol - 3 - ylidene] - hydrazide (M115) and 2 - (4 - Isobutyl - phenyl) - propionic acid [5 - fluoro - 1 - (4 - methyl - piperazin - 1 - ylmethyl) - 2 - oxo - 1,2 - dihydro - indol - 3 - ylidene] - hydrazide (M116) have been obtained through the reaction of M74, M77 with excess of formaldehyde and equimolar of N - methyl piperazine.The synthesized compounds have been identified using Infra - red spectroscopy FTIR, Nuclear Magnetic resonance (1H,13C), Mass spectroscopy and X - Ray. In addition , the changes in physical properties such as melting points, boiling points and color have been considered. Finally, the biological activity of some synthesized compounds has been evaluated and some of them have shown good biological activity especially those containing Isatin nucleus (M74 - M77) and (M115 - M116).

تحضير عدد من المركبات الحلقية غير المتجانسة المشتقة من 2 - امينو - 6 - بروموبنزوثايازول وتقييم تاثيرها البيولوجي == Synthesis of Some Heterocyclic Compounds Derived From 2 - Amino - 6 - Bromobenzothiazole And Evaluation Their Biological Activity

اسم المؤلف: خالد عبد العزيز عطية البدراني
اسم المشرف: خالد مطني محمد الجنابي | احمد خضر احمد الخياط
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة لتحديد الدوال المدروسة مع عينات عمرية لنساء مصابات بالاجهاض للثلث االثاني من الحمل ومستويات تركيزالفيوكوز الكلي Total fucose (TF), والفيوكوز المرتبط بالبروتين protein bound fucose (PBF), والسكريات السداسية المرتبطة بالبروتين (PBH) protei | The study was done to determine the relationship between the causes of abortion in women during the second trimester of pregnancy and total fucose (TF) level , protein bound fucose (PBF) , protein bound hexose (PBHex) and other biochemical parameter , which include : thyroid gland hormones ( T3, T4 ,TSH ) and testosterone , progesterone and Prolactin as well as the estimation of the levels of cholesterol , triglyceride , high density lipoprotein( HDL) , low density lipoprotein ( LDL) , and very low density lipoprotein( VLDL) Samples of ( 53) patientshave been collected from Azadi hospital and General Kirkuk hospital who have suffered from abortion where the agesranged between ( 16 - 45) years divided into three age groups first age group( 15 - 24) years & second age group( 25 - 34) years & third age group( 35 - 44) years. also the studyincluded (40) healthy persons at same age groups regarded as control groups1. Significant increase in the levels of (TF & PBF ) and Significantdecrease in the levels of (PBHex in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women2. Significant increase in thyroid hormone (T3) for the first & third age group, and there is no significant difference for the second age group in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women. Significant increase in thyroid hormone (T4) for the first & third age group, and Significant decrease for the second age group in aborted womencompared with non - pregnant women. Significant decrease for the first & third age group and Significant increase for the second age group in thyroid hormone (TSH) in aborted women compared withnon - pregnant women.3. Significant increase in Testosterone hormone level For all age Groups in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women And Significant decrease in progesterone hormone level For all age Groups in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women. 4. Significant increase in Prolactin level in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women.5. Significant decrease in( cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL) level in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women. 6. Significant increase in the levels of ( HDL ) for the first age group, and there is no significant difference for the second& third age group in aborted women compared with non - pregnant women.

تحضير وتشخيص عدد من معقدات البلاديوم (??) والبلاتين (II) مع مزيج من ليكاندات الثايويوريا او الحلقات غير المتجانسة الحاوية على الامين مع السكارين او الثايوسكارين == Synthesis And Characterization of Some Palladium (??) And Platinum(II) Mixed Ligand Complexes of Thiourea Or Heterocyclic Amine And Saccharin Or Thiosaccharine

اسم المؤلف: نور عبد المجيد ضياف الدوري
اسم المشرف: صبحي عطية محمود الجبوري | مظهر يونس محمد المهيدي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء العضوية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تتناول هذه الاطروحة تحضير المركبات الحلقية غير المتجانسة ذات الحلقة الخماسية مثل معوضات الثايادايازول و3,2,1 - ترايازولين والثايازولدين - 4 - اون والحلقة الرباعية مثل الازتدين - 2 - اون والحلقة الثلاثية الاوكسازردين, فضلا عن تحضير الحلقة السداسية البرمدين | The thesis deals with hetero cyclic compounds with five member rings like thiadiazole substituted 1,2,3 - triazoline and thiazoldine - 4 - one, four member ring like azetidine - 2 - one and three member rings oxazirdine. Synthesis including six member ring compounds like pyrimidin - 2,4,6 - trione in addition to synthesis seven member ring compound like oxazepine are synthesized. In the present work 4 - bromo aniline is used as precursor for the synthesis of the required compound; the 2 - aminobenzothiazole - 6 - bromo (K1) is synthesized from the reaction of 4 - bromo aniline with potassium thiocyanate in presence of bromine, the later (K1) was reacted with ethyl chloroformate to give ethylcarbamate (K2),which is used for the synthesis of urea derivatives (K3 - 8).through (K2) reaction with substituted aniline. Pyrmidin - 2,4,6 - trione (K9 - 14) is synthesized from the reaction of malonic acid with urea derivatives in acetyl chloride.Schiff bases (K15 - 20) are prepared through the condensation of 2 - aminobenzothiazole with substituted benzyldehid. Seven member ring are synthesized by cyclaziation of Schiff bases (K15 - 20) by using malic anhydride in absolute ethanol to give 2 - aryl - 3 - N - 6 - bromobenzothiazole - 5 - 7 - dione oxazepene (K21 - 26). four member ring is prepared from the reaction of Schiff bases(K15 - 20) with chloro acetyl chloride in 1,4 - Dioxane in the presence of tri ethyl amine to give azetidine - 2 - one(K27 - 32). Thiazoldine - 4 - one(K33 - 38) is synthesized from the reaction of Schiff bases(K15 - 20) with thioglycolic acid in the presence of Zinc chloride. The Oxazirdine(K74 - 79) is also prepared from the reaction of Schiff bases(K15 - 20) with 3 - chloro per benzoic acid in pyridine. 2 - (2 - chloroacetamide) - 6 - bromobenzothiazole(K39) is prepared from the reaction of 2 - aminobenzothiazole - 6 - bromo (K1) with chloro acetyl chloride. The compound (K39) is used in the preparation of substituted aryl amino acetyl - 2 - amino - 6 - bromobenzothiazole (K40 - 46) through its reaction with substituted amine. The thiazoldine - 4 - one - 2 - imine (K47) is also synthesized from the reaction of compound (K39) with potassium thiocyanate. The thiazoldine - 4 - one - 2 - imine (K47) is reacted with substituted benzeldehyd to give 2 - (5 - (aryldin) - 2 - imino - 4 - oxo - thiazoldin - 3 - yl) 6 - bromobenzothiazole (K48 - 53).The 2 - (6 - bromobenzothiazole - 2 - ylimino) thiozoldine - 4 - one(K95) is prepared from the reaction of 2 - acetylamino - 6 - bromobenzothiazole(K39) with ammonium isothiocyanate in ethanol 96%. The thiazoldine - 4 - one(K95) is used in the preparation of 2 - (6 - bromobenzothiazole - 2 - ylimino) - 5 - (sub.Methyl) thiozoldine - 4 - one(K96 - 100) through its reaction with various amine and formaldehyde.The aminobenzothiazole (K1) is also used for the preparation of thiosemicarbazide (K54) by its reaction with carbon disulphide. The substituted 1,3,4 - thiadiazole (K55 - 60) is synthesized from the reaction of thiosemicarbazide (K54) with various of carboxylic acids in the presence of phosphorous oxychloride. The aminobenzothiazole (K1) is used in the preparation of aryl ( benzothiazole - 2 - ayl ) dithiocarbamate (K61 - 65) through its reaction with carbon disulphide and arylhalid or alkylhalid in ethanol.The 2 - azido - 6 - bromobenzothiazole (K66) is prepared from the reaction of sodium azide with diazonuim salt ( prepared from the reaction of benzothiazole (K1) with sodium nitrate , hydrochloric acid ). 1,2,3 - triazoline (K67 - 71) are synthesized through the reaction of 2 - azidobenzothiazole (K66) with various olefin in ethanol. The treatment of aminobenzothiazole (K1) with phenyl isothiocyanate gives (6 - bromobenzothiazole - 2 - yl) - 3 - phenylthiourea (K72) which is converted to (6 - bromobenzothiazole - 2 - yl) - 3 - phenyl - 2 - thioxydihydropermidine - 4 - 6 - one (K73) through its reaction with malonic acid in dry. Benzene. The 2 - hydrazinobenzothiazole (K80) is prepared from the reaction of 2 - aminobenzothiazole (K1) with a mixture from hydrazine hydrate and hydrochloric acid in ethylene glycol. Pyrazoline compounds (87 - 92) are synthesized from the reaction of chalcons (K81 - 86) ( which are prepared from the condensation of substituted benzaldehyde with acetophenone in a base medium ) with hydrazino (K80). The hydrazino (K80) is used in the preparation of 2 - amino( - 6 - bromobenzothiazole)isoandole - 1,3 - diaone (K93) and 1 - (2 - amino - 6 - bromobenzothiazole)pyrroline - 2,5 - di - one (K94) through its reaction with phathalic anhydride and malic anhydride in ethanol. For furthur work, the preparation of Schiff bases (K101 - 110) carried out. from the condensation of substituted benzaldehyde with hydrazino (K80) in the presence of glacial acetic acid in ethanol. The 3 - ( - 6 - bromobenzothiazole - 2 - ylamino) - 2 - (sub.aryl) - 5,7 - di - one oxazipene (K111 - 120) are synthesized by cyclazition of Schiff bases (K101 - 110) by using malic anhydride in methanol. Schiff bases (K101 - 110) are also used in preparation of 1 - ( - 6 - bromobenzothiazole - 2 - ylamino) - 4 - (sub.aryl) - 3 - chloro - 2 - oxo - zetidine - 2 - one (K121 - 130) through its rection with chloro acetyl chloride in presence of tri ethyl amine in 1,4 - Dioxan. The 3 - (6 - bromobenzothioazol - 2 - ylamino) - 2 - (substituted aryl)thiozoldin - 4 - one (K130 - 140) is prepared from the reaction of thioglycolic acid with Schiff bases (K101 - 110) in presence of zinc chloride in dry. Benzene. In order to show the antibacterial activity of prepared compounds (k11,k23,k41,k56,k61,k62,k89,k97,k112,k118,k126,k137,k139) are evaluated against four types of common bacteria (Bacillus subtillis, Staphylococcus aureus, Eschershia coli, Klebsiella peneuomina). The result of biological study are compared with standered antibiotic (Ciprofloxacine & Gentamycin). The structure of the synthesized compound are confirmed by I.R, 1H - NMR & 13C - NMR spectra and Some chemical physical data.

تحضير الكاشفين DPIDBSA وMBDPI واستعمالهما في الدراسة التحليلية للايونات Co(II) , Ni(II) , Cu(II) بالطرق الطيفية == The Preparation And Use of The Two Reagents DPIDBSA And MBDPI In An Analytical Study of Ions Co(II) , Ni(II) , Cu(II) By Spectroscopic Methods

اسم المؤلف: زينب جاسم خضير الربيعي
اسم المشرف: سامي وحيد راضي الحسناوي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تم تحضير مركبات دايمرات ازوبلورية سائلة بالصيغة الاتية : no.on n = 2 - 7و تشخيصها بالطراق الطيفية المتمثلة بطيف الاشعه تحت الحمراء وطيف الرنين النووي المغناطيسي للبروتون بالاضافة الى التحليل العنصر الدقيق وقد تبين من خلال التحليل الطيفي والتحليل العنصري | A new series of liquid crystal compound has been synthesized : no.on n=2 - 7 The identification of this new series had been done by IR and HNMR spectra in addition to C.H.N analysis. By using a hot stage polarizing microscope, it was found that the members n=2,3 show pure nematic phase and members n=4 - 7 show smectice (sc ) in addition to nematic phase. The effect of the number of carbon atoms on the side chains of the these compounds with TN - I shows odd - even effect transition temperatures was recognized. The TN - Sc show odd - even odd effect. The brodeniris groups (CH3) in terminal benzene rings decrease the transition temperature and has less effect on dimenshing the liquid crystalline properties than the monomers.

تطبيقات طريقة استخلاص سائل - سائل للفصل والتقدير الطيفي لبعض العناصر الانتقالية بواسطة معقدات عضوية جديدة == Applcations of Liquid - Liqid Extraction Method For Separation And Spectrophotometric Determiination To Some Transition Metal Elements By New Organic Reagents

اسم المؤلف: احمد ابراهيم حمزة
اسم المشرف: شوكت كاظم جواد
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء الحياتية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية العلوم - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة لمعرفة تاثير مرض ارتفاع ضغط الدم على بعض المتغيرات الكيموحيوية في الدم, ومقارنتها مع القيم الطبيعية (مجاميع السيطرة) والبالغ عددهم (125) (47 اناث و72 ذكور) والذين تراوحت اعمارهم بين (21 - 70) سنة حيث تضمن البحث : دراسة 115 حالة مرضية للاش | The present study was carried out to determine the effect of hypertension on some biochemical parameters in the blood compared to that of normal values of healthy subjects in healthy control group(125) (47 females and 72 males) Their ages ranged between(21 - 70) yearsThe study included : - 1 - seventy hypertensive patients(30 females and 40 males)Their ages ranged between (30 - 80) years the following biochemical parameters were included : (Cho, TG, HDL, LDL, VLDL, GOT, GPT, SOD MDA, HbA1C ,LDH, Metall oendopeptidase , leptin )for both hypertensive patients and health subjects as a control. Results of this study have shown a significant increase(p?0.05) in the concentration of cholesterol, triglyceride ,LDL,VLDL compared with control group while high density lipoprotein showed a significant decrease (p?0.05) compared with control groupThe estimation of LDL/HDL ratio showed a significant decrease (p?0.05) compared to that of healthy subjects The study also included the effect of hypertension duration on BMI and age in relation to the concentration of (Cho, TG ,LDL,VLDL,HDL)The study showed increase in the concentrations of (Cho, TG ,LDL,VLDL) while a decrease in the concentrations of high density lipoprotein for all patients compared with that of healthy subjects (control group).A clinical study of Metallo endopeptidase on the serum of healthy and hypertensive patients was carried which has been shown that the activity of this enzyme in healthy subjects does not affect by sex, age, and smoking while there is significant increase in the activity of Metallo endopeptidase in the serum of the hypertensive patients for both sexes at different ages compared with that of control group while there was an increase in the activity of Metallo endopeptidase in relation to the duration of disease the result also demonstrated a significant increase in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase in hypertensive patients compared with that of control group.ALT and AST enzyme levels have been estimation in this study which showed a significant increase in the level of AST in hypertensive patients for both normal weight and overweight compared with that of control group, while ALT level showed no significant difference in hypertensive patients for both normal weight and overweight compared with that of control groupAs for Leptin the study has showed a significant increase in the concentrations of leptin hormone in control group of healthy subject (over weight BMI?25) compared with normal weight(BMI?25) for the same group. the concentration of leptin in all hypertensive patients showed an increase level in relation to age &BMIThis study also included the estimation of SOD and MDA in both hypertensive patients and healthy subjects (control group).It showed a significant decrease in the activity of SOD as the duration increases and there was a significant increase in the level of MDA(P?0.05)in hypertensive patients compared healthy group.Finally the level of (HbA1C) was also studied which no significant difference in hypertensive patients compared with that of control group, while there was a signi

استخدام تقنية كروماتوغرافيا الغاز باستعمال اطوار سائلة ثابتة لدراسة كفاءة فصل بعض مركبات الازو المشتقة من الباراكريزول == Use Gas - Chromatography Technique By Using Stationary Liquid Phases For Study of Separation Efficiency For Some Azo Compounds Derivative From P - Cresol

اسم المؤلف: وداد ابراهيم يحيى خزاعل
اسم المشرف: قاسم كاظم الاسدي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: حضر كاشفين عضويين جديدين هما2 - [3 - Acyl methyl phenyl )azo] - 4,5 - diphenyl imidazol (3 - AMePADPI) 1 - [(2 - Pyridyl azo)] - 2 - naphthol (PAN) وقد استخدما في فصل واستخلاص والتقدير الطيفي لعناصر النحاس(II)، النيكل(II)والبلاديوم(II) على هيئة ايونات موج | Synthesized two organic reagent was 2 - [(3 - Acyl methyl phenyl)azo] - 4,5 diphenyl imidazole (3 - AMePADPI) and 1 - [(2 - pyridyl azo)] - 2 - naphthol (PAN), which is used for separation , extraction and spectrophotometric determination Copper(II) ,Nickel(II) and Palladium(II) as Cations according to solvent extraction method ,dependence on measurement absorbance of ion pair complex extracted at ?max as well Calculation distribution ratio (D). This Study include limitation of optimum conditions for Complex formation and extraction such as pHex. and the experimental shows optimum pH for extraction Copper(II) with (3 - AMePADP) (pHex=8) and (pHex=9) with (PAN) but for Nickel was(pHex=11) with both organic reagent as well (pHex=9) for palladium (II) with both organic reagents. The study about metal ions concentration effect on extraction methods demonstrate 40µg Cu2+ suitable concentration giving higher absorbance for ion pair complex extracted to organic phase and higher distribution ratio (D) with both organic reagent , also for Nickel(II) was 80µg Ni2+ with (3 - AMePADP) and 50µg Ni2+ with (PAN) , but for palladium(II) was 20µg Pd2+ with(3 - AMePADPI) and 15µg Pd2+ with (PAN). Kinetic energy has important role in extraction. method according to Solvent extraction , and this study show effect shaking time of two immiscible phase on qualification `of extracted and illustrate 15 min was suitable shaking time for Copper(II) and Nickel(II) with both organic reagent and 5 min for palladium(II) with both organic reagent to obtaining higher absorbance of ion pair complex extracted to organic phase and distribution ratio (D). Organic solvent effect study appear there is not any linear relation between dielectric constant (?) of organic solvents and distribution ratio (D) that’s is mean there is not any effect for polity of organic solvent on extraction method but there is an effect for organic solvent structure which is participate in the structure of ion pair complex extracted by formation ,Tight ion pair or loose ion pair as well experiment result illustrate dichloro methane organic solvent (DCM) was the best organic solvent in extraction Copper(II) ,Nickel(II) and Palladium(II) by organic reagent (3 - AMePADPI) and PAN. Study about determination more probable structure of ion pair complex extracted (stoichiometry ) by performance four spectrophotometric method for extraction Cu2+ , Ni2+ and Pd2+ by (3 - AMePADPI) and PAN under optimum conditions and all experiment show the structure of ion pair complex extracted was (1 : 1) (metal : ligad) [Cu(3 - AMePADPI)]2+SO42 - . , [Cu(PAN)]+HSO4 - .[Ni(PAN)]+Cl - . [Ni(3 - AMePADPI)]2+2Cl - . [Pd(3 - AMePADPI)]2+2Cl - . , [Pd(PAN)]+Cl - . Declination of distribution ratio (D) frequently by reason of the organic reagent not gratify the coordination shell of metal ion and in this case water molecule participate to saturate the coordination shell and increase partition the complex to aqueous phase and increase dissociation of complex and decrease distribution ratio(D) as well probable to formation ion pair complex in structure of [M(L)]n+(OH) where M=Cu2+ , Ni2+ and Pd2+ and L = (3 - AMePADPI) or PAN this complex favorite partition to aqueous phase and decrease distribution ratio. Thermodynamic study include Temperature effect on extraction efficiency the experimental results demonstrate the reaction was exothermic for Copper(II) with both organic reagent (3 - AMePADPI) and PAN but the Complextion reaction of Nickel(II) and Palladium(II) with organic reagent (3 - AMePADPI) and PAN endothermic reaction , after calculation thermodynamic data ?Hex , ?Gex , ?Sex show entropy values was high that is mean complexation reaction is entropic in region. The study about Interferences effect on extraction method of Cu2+ , Ni2+ and Pd2+ by (3 - AMePADPI) and PAN to clarify metal cations of first group in periodic table Li+ , Na+ and K+ giving enhancement in distribution ratio in arranging Li+ >Na+>K+ by reason of high affinity of these ions to water and the thickness hydration shell increase with diameter decrease , this properties these ions being to contribute to destroy hydration shell of Cu2+ , Ni2+ and Pd2+ and increase chances of association with organic reagent and increase distribution ratio (D) , but metal cations of second group in periodic table Mg2+ , Ca2+ has more charge density than metal cation of first group and has less thickness in hydration shell and the effective behavior on extraction method was less , but anions able to participate in electrostatic combination with cation complex and giving different effects by differ in molar volume , stereo structure and charge density. The study about synergism by used tributyl phosphate (TBP) and Methyl iso butyl Ketone (MBK) in the extraction the experimental results shows TBP and MIBK giving enhancement in distribution ratio (D) by participate molecular of these solvents in the structure of ion pair complex extracted install f water molecular in coordination shell of metal cation as well as the results show there is one molecular of TBP or MIBK participate in ion pair complex extraction [Cu(MIBK)(PAN)]+HSO - 4 , [Cu(MIBK)(3 - AMePADPI)]2+SO42 - [Cu(TBP)(PAN)]+HSO - 4 , [Cu(TBP)(3 - AMePADPI)]2+SO42 - [ Ni (MIBK)(PAN) ]+Cl - , [ Ni (TBP)(3 - AMePADPI)]2+ 2Cl - [ Ni (MIBK)(PAN) ]+Cl - , [ Ni (TBP)(3 - AMePADPI)]2+ 2Cl - [Pd(MIBK)(PAN)]+Cl - , [ Pd(MIBK)(3 - AMePADPI)]2+2Cl - [Pd(TBP)(PAN)]+Cl - , [ Pd(TBP)(3 - AMePADPI)]2+2Cl - The study about of effect of ethanol in aqueous solution on extraction method of metal in aqueous solution on extraction method of metal cation Cu2+ , Ni2+ and Pd2+ by (3AMePADPI) and PAN the results show foundation of ethanol in aqueous solution with metal cations giving increase in distribution ratio and this increasing continue until reached optimum concentration of ethanol after this value distribution ratio (D) decrease. This study include used organic reagent (3AMePADPI) and PAN for spectrophotometric determination of Copper(II) ,Nickel(II) and Palladium(II) in different environmental and vital samples.

تحضير وتشخيص مركبات خماسية وسباعية غير متجانسة الحلقة لمشتقات الامينو بنزوثيازول == Synthesis And Identification of Five And Seven Membered Ring Heterocyclic Compounds of Amino Benzothiazole Derivatives

اسم المؤلف: علي فتاح ناصر الحسيني
اسم المشرف: فائز عبد الحسين عبد الرماحي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم الكيمياء
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمن الجزء الاول من البحث تحضير اربعة كواشف عضوية جديدة هي مشتقات ازو لمركب الباراكريزول وقد تم تشخيص الكواشف المحضرة من خلال اطياف الاشعة فوق البنفسجية - المرئية (UV - Vis) فضلا عن قياس اطياف الاشعة تحت الحمراء IR)) وتم اجراء قياسات نسب العناصر الدقيق ( | The first part of this study included perpetrating four new organic reagents which are derivatives of P - cresol. Its identification was done by UV - Vis spectrophotometer, IR and C. H. N. Depending on the results, we found the correspondence between the theoretical calculation and the experimental ones with a way to suggest the final structures of the prepared reagents. The purity of these reagents was tested through thin layer chromatography.The prepared reagents are : 1. 2[(4 - Methyl phenyl )azo] - 4 - Methyl phenol (MePAMP)2. 2[(4 - Chloro phenyl )azo] - 4 - Methyl phenol (CPAMP)3. 2[(4 - Methoxy phenyl )azo] - 4 - Methyl phenol (OMePAMP)4. 2[(4 - Nitro phenyl )azo] - 4 - Methyl phenol (NPAMP)The second part deals with the study of chromatographic behavior of organic prepared reagents dissolved in ethanol according to gas chromatography on stationary liquid phases as capillary columns with different polarities as zebron (FFAT) which is characterized with high polarity, silica fused (BP10) with a medium polarity and poly phenyl siloxine (OV - 5) that appears with low polarity.Gas chromatography was equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID) and the nitrogen as carrier gas with flow rate 30cm3min - 1 at different column temperatures ranged 100C increments depending on columns maximum operation temperature, column inlet temperature and detector temperature were higher than the separation column (25,50) 0C respectively.This investigation attempts to find the optimum conditions for the sequential separation were defined for the azo compounds of all capillary columns such as injection, applied pressure inlet of column, gas flow rate as well as the conditions of the efficient separation.The order of elution and resolution of compounds on various stationary liquid phases were normal chromatographic behavior which is decrease in specific retention volumes with increase of column temperature through the relationship between logarithm of specific retention volume for the studied compounds against reciprocal of absolute column temperature which is observed generally linear relation for all compounds on different liquid phases by using (Clausius - Clapeyron) , then calculate the thermodynamic parameters ?H0 , ?S0 and ?G from the slope and intercept respectively the negative values of partial molar enthalpy ?H0 of solutions indicate to highest interaction between liquid phases and separated compounds. The results show that the zebron (FFAT) consider the high negative value of ?H and the reaction was exothermic, on other hand the highest negative value of ?s means less random of solutes on some liquid phase , so it was more selective towards to prepared azo derivatives of p - cresol. Also calculated separation factor (RS),number of theoretical plate (N), equivalent highest of one theoretical plate (HETP) respectively for mixture of studied compounds on various liquid phases.The precision and accuracy of the prepared organic reagent (MePAMP) from 0.06% to 1.44% for (CPAMP) from 0.91% to 1.5%, (OMePAMP) from 0.03% to 1.42% and finally for (NPAMP) from 0.06% to 1.6%

تحضير لقاح مضاد للبكتريا المرضية المسببة لالتهاب القــدم السكري باستخدام التشعيع بالليـزر واطئ الطاقة == Preparation of Vaccine Against Diabetic Foot Pathogenic Bacteria Using Low Level Diode Laser

اسم المؤلف: زينب عواد راضي محمد
اسم المشرف: احسان فتح الله رستم محمد
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية - البكتريا
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة المثنى - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: المثنى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تهدف الدراسة الحالية الى تحضير نوعين من اللقاح (الحي المضعف، والمقتول) ضد البكتريا المسببة لحالات داء القدم السكري في الانسان، وذلك باستخدام اشعة الليزر ثنائي الصمام. تم جمع العينات من (40) شخص يعانون من التهاب القدم السكري، باستخدام مسحة قطنية معقمة Sw | The objective of this study is to prepare two types of vaccine (Live attenuated and killed vaccines) against pathogenic bacteria of diabetic foot infection in humans, using laser irradiation. Samples collected from forty patients suffered from diabetic foot infection, using sterile cotton tinge (Swab), the samples diagnosed depending on a number of morphological examinations, biochemical tests and culturing on selective media, as well as to use of the API system. The bacterial isolates obtained including the followings : Staphylococcus aureus (24.59 %), Klebsiella pneumoniae (22.95 %), Escherichia coli (21.31 %), S. epidermidis (9.84 %), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.84 %), Proteus mirabilis (8.20 %), and other species (3.28 %). The sensitivity of the bacterial isolates before irradiation to a number of antibiotics were examined, they all gave high resistance to the antibiotics, except two types (Amikacin & Ciprofloxacin), which the bacterial isolates were sensitive to. The bacterial isolates irradiated with laser using wavelengths (660, 820, and 915nm) to increase their sensitivity reaching to a step of attenuating or killing the bacteria with increasing exposure times. Then the attenuated and killed bacteria from each isolate used to prepare a mixed vaccine. Laser effect on the bacterial isolates showed a significant decrease in the viability of the bacteria of all species when the dose was increased, where occur killing the bacteria after 20 min and more of laser dose. The efficiency of the vaccine was tested by using laboratory animals, fifteen rabbits were used in the current study, they were divided into three groups with five rabbits each, one group for live attenuated vaccine inoculation, and the other one for the killed vaccine while the third group used as a control group. One month after the completion of the vaccination, the concentrations of the immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM C3, and C4) in the rabbit serum measured using Radial Immunodiffusion (RID) method.The results showed very high significant differences P < 0.001 for the level of IgG between the live attenuated vaccine group when compared with the control one, high significant differences P < 0.01 for the level of killed vaccine group compared with the control one.The results of IgA concentrations for the three groups were highly significant, P < 0.01, when comparing the attenuated with control group, while were significant, P < 0.05 between the killed vaccine group and the control one, it was also significant for the level of IgM, C3, and C4, when compared both the live attenuated and killed vaccine groups with the control one respectively. There were no significant differences between the live attenuated and the killed vaccine groups of all measured concentrations.Subsequently the animals inoculated again with a live dose of the bacterial isolates and the levels of (IgM, IgA, IgG, C3, and C4) were measured, the same results as in the vaccinations readings were obtained.Finally the animals were inoculated with the challenge dose of all the isolated live bacteria. The animals of the control group died, while the immunized animals remained healthy revealing the efficacy of the vaccine and the vaccination program.

دراسة بعض الملوثات الصناعية وتاثيرها في الصفات التشريحية لبعض الانواع النباتية في قضاء سامراء == Study of Some Industrial Pollutants And Their Impact in The Anatomical Characteristics of Some Plant Species in Samarra

اسم المؤلف: احمد يونس حمادي الكنعاني
اسم المشرف: طالب عويد الخزرجي | ياسين محمد احمد الدليمي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • النبات - الامراض
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان نمو النباتات في مواقع ملوثة قد يعرض صحة المستهلك للخطر سواء اكان انسان? او حيوان?، لذلك انجز هذا البحث لتقييم التلوث بالعناصر الثقيلة في مياه المخلفات الصناعية للحي الصناعي في مدينة سامراء وفي التربة والنباتات الواقعة على مجرى هذه المياه الجارية في ساق | The growth of plants in contaminated sites may expose consumers' health at risk, whether a human being or animal so accomplished this research to assess the pollution heavy elements in the waters of industrial waste of the neighborhood's industrial city of Samarra, in soil and plants located on the course of this running water in a stream length of 800 m even downstream Tigris River, as they are put waste industrial district as well as sewage water into the river is directly without treatment, as the study was to take part of the water and soil of that region as well as four types of plants that grow where is the tail of the seven, mint, sugar cane and corporal parents, study Some qualities Physical and chemical soil and water in addition to study some changes anatomical got to plants due to pollution, and that by dividing the study area into four zones as is the region (1) part near the industrial district and region (2) is located just 200 meters from the site of No. (1) towards the river, followed by site number (3), which is 200 m from the site of No. (2) The region (4) is located near the bank of the river and about 200 m from the site number (3) and samples were taken control of the West Bank of the Tigris River, was measurement of both pH and electrical conductivity and salinity in addition to measuring some heavy elements (iron, copper, cadmium) of soil and water, as well as the measured requirement vital for oxygen and the degree of turbidity of the water, also included the study to measure some heavy elements (iron, copper, cadmium) in plant and study the anatomical changes that occur due to the pollution produced by the launch of industrial waste. The results of the study that there is variation among study sites for each of the regions of the east bank of the river (the contaminated samples) and the West Bank of the river (the control) for most attributes Physical and chemical water and soil as well as for changes anatomical plants between contaminated samples and the control and in general has The results are within the limits permitted by the World Health Organization, the results indicate the high concentration of copper in the soil compared with iron and cadmium as the highest concentration has 10 ppm at the site (1), while the concentration of sample control 0.17 ppm The iron was higher focus him in the soil is 5.2 ppm in both locations (3) and (4), while the concentration of sample control 3.3 ppm The cadmium was the highest concentration has 0.43 ppm at the site (2), while the concentration of sample control 0.15 ppm and these concentrations are all not exceeding the allowable limit for the World Health Organization (for cadmium 1.5ppm of iron 120ppm copper 40ppm) respectively, and the results showed variation in pH between the soil and water for study sites on the one hand and sample control on the other hand, as shown soil samples to pH moderate among the four sites studied, where ranged pH between 7.26 - 6.33 The sample control was pH 8.64 As for water, the results showed basal water sites studied ranged pH between 6.8 to 5.8 which is comparable to Las pH for sample control 8.5, As for connectivity electrical has emerged variation between samples studied and sample control for soil and water and showed samples of soil and water at the site (2) the extent of the variation connectivity electrical them at the sites (3, 2, 1) and which are all higher than in the sample control, with varied degrees connectivity for soil samples between 14, 200 - 2860 Maekerosemins / cm The sample control 2300 Maekerosemins / cm The degree connectivity for water samples 2810 - 2450 Maekerosemins / cm The sample control of water was connectivity 1457 Maekerosemins / cm, for salinity, the results showed an increase in salinity of soil samples and water compared to a sample control ranged salinity in the soil between 8.92 - 1.79 g / l, while a control sample was salinity 1.438 g / l The salinity in the water was between 1.759 - 1.532 g / l The control sample was 0.907 g / l The results showed that the sample at the site (2) the degree of salinity have is higher than the rest of the other samples in soil and water. Results showed high copper for iron in the water was the highest percentage of copper in the signatories (4), (3) 0.05ppm The sample control has, (2.1) compared to a control sample, where he was between 55 - 20 mg / L, while a control sample 3.8 mg / liter, while for water Ekorh has ranged between four samples where Ekorh was water between 12.36 - 2.97 naphthalene The control sample was Ekorh water 2.1 Naphthalene. The results showed that the concentration of iron was high in most plants for copper and cadmium, as was the highest concentration of iron in the plant reeds 24 ppm as was assembled in the root zone of the plant which is within the limits permitted by the World Health Organization while the highest concentration of iron in the area of control of the plant reed it reached 17.5 ppm as it was assembled in the root also Copper was the highest concentration in the plant sergeant cock 0.89 ppm as it was assembled in the root while the focus was in control very few samples The cadmium is 0.1 ppm in all plants is within the allowable limits by the World Health Organization, while in the side anatomical has emerged is a difference between the samples studied and samples of control, as happened increase in the dimensions of the vascular bundles of the leg, as well as an increase in the thickness of the crust in the samples studied compared a sample of control as well as an increase in the thickness of the tissue foundation and a decrease in the number of packets Vascular plant roots as well as increase the thickness of the securities, an increase of pollution in the studied plants compared to a control sample..

تاثير حامض الهيوميك والاوكسينات في نمو نبات حشيشة الليمون Cymbopogon citratus L. وتراكيبه الافرازية ومكوناته الفعالة == Effect of Humic Acid And Auxins on Growth of Lemon Grass Plant (Cymbopogon Citratus L.), Secretors Stractures And Its Active Constituent

اسم المؤلف: ايوب جمعة عبد الرحمن علي البياتي
اسم المشرف: جميل ياسين التميمي | شاكر مهدي صالح
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت تجربة حقلية باستخدام اصص بلاستيكية في كلية التربية - جامعة تكريت بهدف دراسة تاثير حامض الهيوميك والاوكسينات في الصفات المظهرية والتشريحية لنبات حشيشة الليمون ومحتواه من المادة الفعالة, نفذت التجربة العاملية وفق التصميم العشوائي الكامل CRD وبثلاث مكر | Afield experiment was conducted using plastic pots on lemon grass to study effect of Humic acid and Auxins in growth, anatomical characteristics and its content of active constituents this plant in Tikrit University - College of Education, using the factorial experiment in CRD.The first factor was humic acid as organic acid fertilizer and two ways for applied, The first spraying with Lighumus 18 concentration 1.5 ml/2L of water(H1).The second addition Liqhumus 18 with irrigation water 1.5 ml/2L of water(H2)In addition to the treatment control(without Liqhumus 18(H0). The second factor two type of growth regulators(IAA And IBA) and their mixture as follow : 1 - spray growth regulator IAA 150mg/L(A1).2 - spray growth regulator IBA150mg/L(A2).3 - spray the mixture (IAA+IBA) 150mg/L(A3).4 - (Control) spraying with water. The data analysis ststistical using analysis of variance test (ANOVA) and compared between the treatment using Duncan test at 5% level of probability, and results of the experiment were as follow : 1 - The treatment (H2A3) was superior in plant hight(150.92cm), leaf area(3278.0cm2), number of leaves/plant(49.16)and shot dry weight(153.86 g) While the lowest value of plant high were(127.17cm)leaf area(1341.0cm2), leaf number/plant(29057)and shot dry weight (98.58gm)in the control treatment.2 - The treatment (H2A3) was superior significantly in all plant elements content : Nitrogen(2.78%), phosphorus(0.388%), potassium(2.95mg/l), Iron (87mg/i), Copper(16.8mg/l)and Zinc(15.8mg/l)whereas control treatments gave the lowest value were (1.31%), (0.29%), (1.05mg/l), (47.66mg/l), (12.0mg/l)and(3.10mg/l)respectively.3 - The treatment (H2A3)gave high number of oil cell in the leaf blade(5.88)cell, leaf mid rib(5.88)cell and leaf sheath(6.88)cell while less value were in the treatment(H0A2)which gave(3.22)cell in leaf blade and(2.66)and(3.66)cell on midrib and sheath respectively gave by control treatment4 - The treatment (H2A3) was superior significantly increased the volatile oil percentage by (1.04%), Specific gravity(0.9460), oil density(0.9260)and refractive index(1.4839).while less percentage were (0.68%), (0.8890), (0.8880)and(1.4820)respectively in the control.5 - The treatment(H0A3)was superior significantly in Citral a compound percentage by(32.87%), total citral(54.59%)and linalool(11.53) hn the leaf and sheath.in compare with treatments(H0A1), (H1A0)and(H1A2)which never contain Citral, while less percentage of total Citral was (2.06%)in the control.6 - The treatment(H0A1)was significantly increased compound Citral b compound percentage(27.82%) in the leaf and sheathwhile less Citral b percentage was(1.90%) in the control.7 - Superior the treatment(H2A0) significantly in Limonen compound percentage by(88.81%) in the leaf and sheathwhile less Limonen percentage was(21.72%) in the treatment(H1A1).8 - the treatment(H1A1)was significantly superior in Myrcin compound percentage by(35.83%) in the leaf and sheath in compare with(H1A0) which never contain Myrcin.9 - the treatment(H1A3)was significantly superior in Geraniol compound percentage by(36.14%) in the leaf and sheath in compare with(H0A3)and(H2A1) which never contain Geraniol.

دراسة تاثير المستخلص المائي لنبات الحناء Lawsonia inermis كمضاد للاكسدة في ذكور الجرذان البيض المعرضة للاجهاد التاكسدي == A Study Effect of Henna Aqueous Extract Lawsonia Inermis As Antioxidant in Exposed Oxidative Stress White Male Rats

اسم المؤلف: سعدية جمال قادر السامرائي
اسم المشرف: صالح محمد رحيم العبيدي | منيف صعب احمد ساجت الجنابي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: صممت هذه الدراسة لمعرفة تاثير المستخلص المائي لنبات الحناء Lawsonia inermis كمضاد اكسدة في ذكور الجرذان البيض المعرضة للاجهاد التاكسدي المستحدث ببيروكسيد الهيدروجين مع ماء الشرب طيلة مدة التجربة البالغة 30 يوما، بالاضافة الى فيتامين C المعروف كمضاد قوي لل | The study was examined the effect of aqueous extract of the Lawsonia inermis antioxidant in Albino male rats which exposed to oxidative stress induced hydrogen peroxide with drinking water for the duration of the experiment of (30 days), compared with vitamin C, known as strong anti - oxidant.1. The results showed that hydrogen peroxide led to a high moral (p <0.05) in the level of Glucose and Cholesterol, Triglycerides (TG) and low lipoproteins - lying density cholesterol (LDL - C) and lipoproteins low - lying density cholesterol is very (VLDL - C) and evidence Atherosclerosis, phospholipids and Malondialdehyde (MDA) peroxynitrite radical (ONOO - ) , Urea and Total count of white blood cells (WBCs), as well as significant decrease at the level (p <0.05) in the level of high - density lipoproteins cholesterol (HDL - C) and the level of, Glutathione (GSH), and Ceruloplasmin (CP), Uric acid, Albumin, serum Creatinine in the blood of Albino male rats exposed to oxidative stress.2. Resulted in treatment of male rats, eggs exposed to stress oxidative vitamin C (concentration of 250 mg \ kg of body weight) to a significant decrease (P ? 0.05) compared with the group treated with H2O2 only in the total count of white blood cells and the level of glucose, cholesterol, Triglerids and lipoproteins and low density cholesterol and very low - lying density of cholesterol and signs Atherosclerosis and Phospholipids, Urea, and the Malondayaldehid Peroxynitrite radical, while the moral high concentrations in high - density lipoprotein cholesterol, uric acid, Albumin, Creatinine, and, Glutathione and Ceruloplasmin.3. As well the treatment of animals exposed to stress oxidative Palmstkhals water plant henna to a significant decrease compared with the group treated with H2O2 only in the total number of white blood cells(WBCs) and concentrations of glucose, cholesterol, Triglycerides (TG), lipoprotein and low density lipoprotein choesterol LDL - C, and low density is very VLDL - C, phospholipids, levels of evidence Altasd, Urea, and the Malondayaldehid MDA and Peroxynitrite radical, (ONOO - ) while the moral high concentrations in high - density lipoprotein choesterol, HDL - C, Uric acid, Albumin, and, Glutathione and Ceruloplasmin.4. That the treatment of Albino male rats group water plant henna led to a significant decrease in the concentration of Malondayaldehid Peroxynitrite radical (ONOO - ) compared with the control group, while did not show significant difference (P> 0.05) in the concentrations of Glucose, total cholesterol, Triglycerides (TG), lipoprotein, high - density cholesterol lipoprotein HDL - C, and low density cholesterol lipoprotein LDL - C, and low density cholesterol is very VLDL - C, phospholipids, Atherogenic indices levels I, II and III, Uric acid, Creatinine, Albumin, Ceruloplasmin, Urea, peroxynitrite radical and total (WBCs) number of white blood cells compared with control group. It is clear from the current study that aqueous extract of henna, vitamin C role of great importance to reduce the emergence and development of atherosclerosis induced proxaid hydrogen as anti - oxidation which removal of free radicals, and contain the extracted compounds in particular have an impact on physiological and biochemical events occurring in the body and without side effects makes it possible to make use of the prevention and treatment of many different conditions, which may reflect the preventive role of this extract against free radicals.

دراسة تصنيفية مقارنة لانواع الجنس Heliotropium L. (Boraginaceae) في وسط وشمال العراق == Comparative Taxonomical Study of The Genus Heliotropium L. (Boraginaceae) in Mid And North of Iraq

اسم المؤلف: محمد عدنان هاشم ال ابليش
اسم المشرف: طالب عويد الخزرجي | عقيل حسين العاصي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمن البحث الحالي دراسة مقارنة مظهرية وتشريحية وكيميائية ووراثية لثمانية انواع تابعة للجنس Heliotropium L. (Boraginaceae) في وسط وشمال العراق هي H.bacciferum Forssk., H.ellipticum Ledeb. H.europaeum L., H.lasiocarpium Fisch., H.noeanum Boiss., H.ramosissi | The current research study is a comparative morphological, anatomical, chemical, genetical of the genus Heliotropium in mid and north of Iraq between eight species belonging to the genus of the family Boraginaceae, and the study included some morphological characteristic of the roots, stems, leaves, flowers (calyx, corolla, stamens, pistils), inflorescence, fruits and pollen grain shows that there are clear differences between the species under study. The study included aspects of anatomy and the differences included the qualities of epidermis leaf and stem and stomata as well as study transverse sections of roots, stems, leaves and petiole and peduncle, fruits, Nutlets and seeds, also studied the system of Venation in the leaf where he studied the type of venation as well as study the direction of midrib, thickness, branching as well as the study of secondary veins, Arrangement, Aerioles and Veinlets that showed clear differences between species.The study showed that pollen grains in the species are Tricolporate in all species except H.bacciferum it contains four grooves and pollen grains of contain Psaudotricolporate found in all species except H.lasiocarpium was completely absent of false grooves have distinguished this species by this character, showed the study of pollen grain Psaudotetracolporate in species H.bacciferum only and did not appear in the rest of the species. the study noted that there are variations evident in the two axes equatorial and polar as well as in the length of the groove, width, the rate of the thickness of the wall of pollen grain, the rate of diameter germination aperture in all species. The study showed clear difference between species in dimensions of upper and lower epidermis leaf, as well as a study stomata index on the surfaces of upper and lower leaves where show that all species were the lower surface more than the upper surface in density of stomata and Trichomes were studied in all parts of plants under study it was observed that there is variation in the distribution of hair and their locations as well as the lengths of hairs and thickness of the walls and shape of apex and base. Studied species in pathway of photosynthesis showed that two species are C4 plants H.noeanum, H.suaveolens either species H.bacciferum, H.ramosissimum, H.lasiocarpium was belong of intermediate C3 - C4 species while the rest were from C3 plants after analysis qualities and similarities of these qualities were very important to isolate the species from each other because present of bundle sheath, thickness of leave in cross section, thickness of cuticle, thickness of chlorenchyma and collenchymas tissues, frequency of stomata and it distribution, the number of aerioles and veinlets density and size. Has also been studying the chemical content of alkaloids and found that there are six alkaloids isolated for the first time from inflorescences for plants belonging to the genus Heliotropium were isolated using the technique liquid chromatography for identified six alkaloids compounds (indicine and supinine, indicine - N - oxide, heleurine, heliotrine and lindelofidine), which included the study of compounds Alkaliods type, concentration and percentage and the pyrrolizidine alkaloids that have a biological importance of cure tumors and cancers. The study showed high percentage of heliotrine in four species of Heliotropium H.bacciferum, H.ramosissimum, H.europaeum, H.noeanum were (48%, 54%, 51%, 54%) while heleurine was high percentage in two species H.suaveolens, H.supinum were (33%, 56%), while the study showed lower percentage of indicine - N - oxide in three species H.ramosissimum, H.noeanum, H.supinum were (2%, 4%, 1%). The current research identified for the first time on the content of the Glycosides from inflorescences in eight species of Heliotropium from mid and north of Iraq. These species are H.bacciferum, H.ellipticum H.europaeum, H.lasiocarpium, H.noeanum, H.ramosissimum, H.suaveolens, H.supinum by using the liquid phase chromatography diagnosis of six compounds (heliotrope, isopyrrolidine, isorhamnetin, naringenin, quercetein, triterpene) results showed that plant species studied vary their content of these compounds, with absent of naringenin in the species H.noeanum while absent of triterpene in species H.ellipticum, H.europaeum, H.supinum. They also showed the studied differences in concentrations glycosides and percentage of species as shown H.europaeum, H.lasiocarpium, H.noeanum, H.ramosissimum, H.supinum, H.suaveolens lower concentrations (12 - 37 mg / ml) and percentages (1 - 9%) for quercetein compared to the rest of the species studied and the species H.europaeum, H.lasiocarpium, H.noeanum, , H.supinum, H.suaveolens were higher concentrations (99 - 442 mg / ml) and percentages (26 - 51 %) for heliotrope compared to other species. These results indicate the possibility of the adoption of the content glycosides for inflorescence criterion for the separation between species as well as use for medical purposes, especially pyrolizidine and isopyrrolidine important in the treatment of tumors and cancer. Studied the genetic variation through the study of random variation indicators RAPD for eight species of the genus Heliotropium, and using 14 primer showed variation between the species under study and were divided into two groups are : 1. Group A : Included only two species H.bacciferum, H.ramosissimum where the genetic distance between these two species (0.249) where the two species are similar in genetic traits and genetic content in the absence of many bands of the primers and appear in the other. 2. Group B : Included six species of the genus Heliotropium under study and was less genetic distance between H.ellipticum, H.europaeum where (0.105) and this is a great similarity in appearance bands between the two species in some of primers, then the following two species were also two other, where he was the closest genetic distance between the two species H.lasiocarpium, H.noeanum where (0.153) and was very close two species of H.ellipticum, H.europaeum were was (0.125). The data were analyzed and characteristics after into the program (NTSYSpc) to study morphological and anatomical, chemical, genetic and find a genetic distance inter - species on the basis of similarity So was isolated species to groups and based on a large number of morphological characteristics and anatomical, chemical, genetic possible distinguish species from each other and show the variation at the level of species belonging to the genus Heliotropium.

تاثير عدد من المستخلصات النباتية الطبية في تركيز هرمون الميلاتونين وبعض المتغيرات الفسلجية والنسجية في ذكور الجرذان البيض == Effect of Many Medical Plant Extracts in Melatonin Hormone Concentration And Some of Physiological And Histological Parameters in Albino Male Rats

اسم المؤلف: وداد محمود لهمود العبيدي
اسم المشرف: زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي | صالح محمد رحيم العبيدي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الحيوان - الفسلجة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: صممت الدراسة الحالية للبحث في الاجهاد التاكسدي المستحدث بتاثير الجرعة العلاجية لعنصر الحديد لوحده بشكل املاح الحديد بهيئة اقراص Ferrous fumarat (2.85ملغم/كغم من وزن الجسم/يوم)التي تعادل (200ملغم /70كغم من وزن جسم الانسان /يوم)وقد بلغت كمية الحديد فيها (0. | The current study was designed to observe the oxidative stress induced by first dose for Iron salt alone as ferrous fumarat (2.85 mg /kg of b.wt./day)was equivalent to (200mg/70 kg of b.wt. of person)and it is containing of iron (0.94mg iron/kg of b.wt.), or by giving together doses of iron (ferrous fumarat) salt conjunction with doses of copper (in copper sulfate) in white male rats which has been given one of The experimental unit (8.57 mg/kg b.wt./day)was equivalent to (600mg / 70 kg of b.wt. of person) which use for treating acute anemia, in experimental group were given dose (8.57 mg/kg b.wt./day + 8.57 mg copper sulfat/kg b.wt./day) daily by the oral feeding and the dosage considered as the (first treatment group), with regard to a second dose of iron and copper were as follows (17 mg iron /kg b.wt./day +17 mg copper/kg b.wt./day) and considered a (second dose), research on the role of the aqueous extracts for number of plant commonly used in popular medicine like pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), green tea (Comellia sinensis L.) and virgin olive oil (Olea europaea L.) to limit or inhibit the accumulation of these salts in number of organic Tissues and normalization of the variables in the balance oxidants - antioxidants and a number of Biochemical and Physiological parameters in addition to the Histological Changes in Liver, Kidney and Testis of the white male rats used through 30 day of The experiment, The present study aimed to evaluate activity of many plant juice Like sour Cherry (Prunu scersus L) sweet Cherry (Prunu savium L.)sweet paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) and Banana (Musa paradisiacal L.) in number of Biochemical and Physiological variation, in addition to Histological changes in the Liver, Kidney and Testis in white male rats and oxidative stress induced by Hydrogen peroxide(0.5%) during the experimental period of 30. current study investigation included the effect of exposing the white male rats for continuous lighting and the constant darkness for a period (30 days).The present study aimed show the effect of Tryptophan experimental in most Physiological, Biochemical and Histological activities. The experiments had been performed in the animal house at Dept.of Biology of Education Fecundity at Tikrit Univ. from Jan. 2011 through July 2011. male rats were measured (250 - 350)gram, in age (16 - 20) weeks, (110) experimental, the rats were divided to (22) groups in which each consisted of (5) rats.The first experiment results have revealed the following : - 1 - The giving of Ferro alone and the Second dose has caused a noticed significant increase at the level of (p<0.01) in the total number of white blood cells (WBCs) and in the concentrations of each of Glucose(Glu), Total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), Low density of lipoprotein - cholesterol (LDL - C), (VLDL - C), Malondialdehyde(MDA)and Peroxy nitrite(ONOO.) compared with control group, whereas it caused a high significant decrease at the level of (p< 0.01) in the concentration of each of High Density of lipoprotein of cholesterol(HDL - C), Total protein (TP), Glutathione(GSH) and ceruloplasmin(CP) and a decrease in sperm parameters. The two groups have also noticed a significant decrease of (p<0.01) in the concentrations of the melatonin hormone in the rats blood serum, growth Hormone and the Luteinizing hormone, in addition to the testosterone hormone and a decrease in the effectiveness of the catalase enzyme; taking into consideration the accumulative increase of Ferro element in the liver, kidneys and testes for both groups. As for the accumulation of copper, it has been noticed in the second dose group in liver, kidneys, and testes tissues, whereas the group of animals exposed to Ferro alone has noticed a high significant decrease in copper concentration in the three studied organs.2 - The giving of a first dose to white male rats (rattus ratus) has revealed a lack of significant differences in each of the total number of white blood cells, and the concentrations of most of biochemical parameters and sperm parameters, taking into consideration the significant decrease in the concentrations of each of (HDL - C), (GSH), (CP), (Mel), and (CAT). It has been noticed the occurrence of a significant increase in the concentration of (LDL - C). This group has also suffered a significant and insignificant increase in the Ferro accumulation in the studied organs, with a simple decrease of the accumulation of copper element in the three studied elements compared to the sound control group.3 - The giving of the three vegetal extracts which are Punica granatum L., Comellia sinensis L., and Olea europaea L. for animals exposed to second dose has caused a high significant decrease (p< 0.01). The effective power of extracts according to their arrangement and order in which first is Olea europaea L., then Punica granatum L., and lastly is Camellia sinensis L. have revealed positive significant changing in many biochemical parameters, with high significant increasing in (Mel), (GH), (LH), and (T) blood serum conc. in addition to the effectiveness of (CAT), compared to the group of animals exposed to second dose. All the sperm parameters in each of Olea europaea L. and Punica granatum L. have revealed a significant increase compared to the second dose group, whereas the Comellia sinensis L. has not revealed the occurrence of significant changes in most of the sperm parameters except in the percentage of active and moving sperms when compared with the second dose group.As for the accumulation of mineral elements, all the groups treated with vegetal extracts and exposed to second dose have witnessed a decrease in the accumulation of Ferro element in the liver, kidneys and testes tissues when compared with the second dose group, and this is also a fact concerning the accumulation of copper element.4 - The giving of Ferro alone and second dose have caused clear malady and tissue changes represented by diffusion of fat drops in a wide range between the liver cells. There has also been a poisonous and harmful effect of kidney tissue represented by the harm occurring in the disintegration and damage of the glomerulus and damage to the renal tubules, on the level of testis tissue, there have occurred huge damages in most tissue structures of the testes with a loss of most of the sperm formation stages, whereas the first dose group has not revealed any clear tissue changes compared to the sound control group. These changes have decreased when treated with vegetal extracts for each of Punica grantum L., Olea europaea L. and Comellia sinensis L. with the availability of Ferro and copper elements, since these elements have largely decreased the negative effects by affecting the three tissue levels which are liver, kidney and testes. Olea europaea L. has revealed a magnificent role on the reformative level of damaged tissues with a big similarity to the control group which exceeded both of Punica granatum L. and Comellia sinensis L. compared to the second dose group.Second experiment results : - 1 - The treatment of animals with hydrogen peroxide revealed very high significant changes at the level of (p<0.01), (p<0.05) in white blood cells, and in most of the biochemical and hormone criteria and sperm parameters which are similar to the effect of each of the Ferro dose alone and the second dose when compared with the sound control group.2 - The treatment of animals exposed to oxidative stress via hydrogen peroxide with Capsicum annuum L. and Musa paradisiacal L. separately Shown positive effect more than Prunus cersus L. and Prunus avium L. all juice led to the occurrence of noticed significant decrease at the level of (p<0.01) in the total number of white blood cells and in the concentrations of (Glu), (TC), (TG), (LDL - C), (VLDL - C), (MAD) and the root (ONOO.). This is compared with the group exposed to hydrogen peroxide alone, taking into consideration the occurrence of high significant increase in the concentrations of (HDL - C), (TP), (GSH), (CP) and in sperm parameters. There has also been noticed a significant increase in (p<0.01) in the concentrations of each of (Mel), (GH), (T) and (CAT)and (LH) compared to the group exposed to hydrogen peroxide alone.3 - The treatment with industrial tryptophan did not reveal any changes in the total number of most of the studied biochemical and hormone concentrations, but there has been witnessed an occurrence of significant decrease in the concentration of (LDL - C). As for the sperm parameters, the changes were between significant decrease and no significant changes when compared with the control group, with a significant increase in the effectiveness of enzyme CAT and concentration of hormone (Mel) in blood plasma with the sound control group.4 - The exposition of male rats (rattus ratus) to a period of continuous lightness led to the occurrence of several physiological and biochemical changes and to a high significant increase of (p<0.01) in sperm parameters and in the concentrations of hormones (Mel), (GH), (T), and (CAT) in blood plasma when compared with the control group; except for the occurrence of high significant increase in concentration of (LH). The darkness group revealed slight insignificant changes in most of the biochemical criteria and between the lack of changes in concentrations of (GH), hormone (T) and enzyme (CAT). This group also suffered the occurrence of high significant increase in concentration of (Mel) and a significant decrease in concentration of hormone (LH) when compared to the control group.5 - The giving (H2O2)caused several tissue changes in the livers of male rats (Rattus ratus). This has caused clear tissue and malady changes and similar to the Ferro and second dose groups. These changes have reduced when treated with Prunus cersus L., Prunus avium L., Capsicum annuum L. and Musa paradisiacal L. with the presence of hydrogen peroxide in that it greatly reduced the negative effects of hydrogen peroxide on the level of the three tissues of liver, kidney and testes. There is a lack of harmful tissue effects of industrial tryptophan on the tissues under study, when compared with the control group. In addition, both groups of rats exposed to durations of continuous lightness and darkness have suffered very huge tissue damage on the level of the three tissues, but the continuous lightness group suffered more damage when compared with the control group and continuous darkness duration.

دراسة علاقة الاجهاد التاكسدي ببعض العوامل الفسلجية والكيموحيوية والنسجية في احداث الاجهاض لدى النساء الحوامل في مدينة كركوك == Study of The Relation of Oxidative Stress With Some Physiological, Biochemical And Histological Factors in Abortion Induction Among Pregnant Women in Kirkuk Province

اسم المؤلف: ليلى عبد الستار صادق سليمان ليلاني
اسم المشرف: صالح محمد رحيم العبيدي | زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الحيوان - الفسلجة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة للفترة من 1 كانون الثاني 2010 ولغاية 31 كانون الاول 2011 في مستشفى كركوك العام ومستشفى ازادي التعليمي في مدينة كركوك وشملت الدراسة (160) سيدة من السيدات اللواتي يراجعن صالات الولادة وكانت على الشكل الاتي : (100) سيدة تعاني من الاجهاض و(3 | The study was conducted from the 1st of January 2010 till the 31 December 2011 in Kirkuk - General hospital and Azadi - teaching hospital in Kirkuk province, the study was included (160) women who are attending labor word and they are follows : (100) women who have abortion, [30]normal vaginally delivered women and they are regarded 1st control group, in addition to that another [30]new pregnant women between (14 - 16) weeks of pregnancy aged (16 - 45) years who are regarded as 2nd control group and they are consulted special Gynecologists for primary health care center for follow up. The current study was designed for research purposes to detected some of Biochemical , hematological and histological variables which have direct relationship with oxidative stress among studied sample to determine the effect of this variables on aborted women in Kirkuk province. The study found that : 1 - There was a continues increasing in the number of abortion between the year 2010 - 2011. 2 - Many causes were related to abortion occurrence which arranged according to their importance as follow : Hormonal. Infective, Congenital, parasitic. 3 - Villi dimension (width and length) measures less than those of 1st control group (normal vaginally delivered women).4 - Placental weight (wt) taken from aborted women measure less than those taken normal delivered group (1st control group).5 - From the study results, it was indicated that the total body mass index (BMI) among aborted women recorded less significant value (p< 0.05) than those of 1st control group and high significant value in comparison to the 2nd control group (new pregnant women 6 - The current study show that the consented level of malondialdehyde(MDA) in blood serum among aborted women is higher than those of 1stcontrol group and 2nd control group. Also it was indicated that the level of MDA in placental extracted is higher than 1stcontrol group.7 - Regarding Glutathione concentration, the aborted women recorded significant elevation in level of blood serum in comparison to the two mentioned control groups, also its concentration in placental extract is higher than 1st control group only.8 - The study found that the level of glutathione peroxidase GPX concentration is significant decrease among aborted women in comparison to the 1st control group while the level of peroxy nitrate PN was a significantly increase in its concentration in blood serum.9 - The current study revealed that there is now a significant in albumin conc. And uric acid in blood serum among aborted women in comparison to2nd control group.10 - The study referred to the significant different value (p<0.05) in concentration of estrogen hormone in blood serum among aborted women which indicated that there is a low conc. also progesterone hormone level recorded less than in the women in comparison both control groups.11 - The study found that the Concentration of Tri - iodothyronine hormone which recorded is a low in aborted women comparison both control group while thyroxin hormone referred to the a significantly decreased in blood serum comparison to 1st control group and now significant comparison to 2nd control group.12 - Concerning the prolactin hormone level which recorded alow conc. Level among aborted women.13 - Blood pressure recorded a significant decrease in both tow measures (systolic and diastolic).14 - Hemoglobin (Hb) and red blood cells (R.B.C) recorded a significant decrease in its value among aborted women and a significantly elevation in white blood cells level(W.B.C)in comparison to both control groups.15 - Toxoplasmosis antibodies were detected in 10% of aborted women.16 - Histological studies, Histological study revealed that there is an obvious cross - sectional placental changes among studied women. The study show that there is a large amount of Red Blood Cells (R.B.C.) in placental section among women subjected to previous complete abortion which indicates a sever hemorrhage, the RBC seen collected in some area of referring to degeneration and hemolysis process with the presence of small piece of uteri in the tissue epithelium distributed between red blood cells due to while in women subjected to spontaneous abortion, the histological appearance enlarge and small pieces of uterine tissue epithelium distributed blood vessels which indicated that is an aggregation of RBC and seen of the nuclei appear atrophied in there is a presence of double size degradation nuclei and hemolysis of muscle nuclei which presented either spindle or flat in shape.In women subjected to incomplete abortion, the histological section a show the of uterine lying cells with muscle cells and bleeding due to rupture of placental blood vessels with hemolysis of red blood cell which appear like clusters duo to congestion process and the muscular layer appears clear fibers, necrosis.It is also obvious that in those women who subjected to in complete abortion, there is a large amount of falling muscle tissue with abortion process which is a thin structure with little necrosis in some area of it hamolysis can be seen presented by R.B.C decomposition and swelling of uterine lying nuclei and necrosis which the chromatin bodies appear either as spare parts or atrophied for the final analysis with the other appeared empty and necrolizal due to ruptured uterine lying epithelium and hemolysis is of R.B.C

دراسة وبائية لاميبا النسج في مدينة كركوك وعلاقته بالجذور الحرة في مصل دم المصابين == Epidemiological Study on Entamoeba Histolytica in Kirkuk City And Its Relationship With Free Radicals in Blood Serum of Infected Persons

اسم المؤلف: ليما طارق يواش لازار
اسم المشرف: شهاب احمد محمد الجبوري | محمد عبد العزيز قادر
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الاحياء المجهرية - الطفيليات
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية فحص 600 عينة غائط للمرضى المراجعين لمستشفى الاطفال في مدينة كركوك للفترة من 1/12/2010 الى 17/7/2011 للتحري عن طفيلي Entamoeba histolytica.تم فحص عينات الغائط بطريقة المسحة المباشر باستخدام المجهر الضوئي للكشف عن الاطوار المتغذية وال | The present study includes the examination of stool sample of patients attended pediatric hospital in Kirkuk city for period from 1st of December till 17th July 2011 for detection of Entamoeba histolytica.The stool samples were examined by direct wet mount method, using light microscope for detection of trophozoites and cysts stages of parasite. The study showed that the rate of infection with E. histolytica / E. dispar was 21.67% (130 of 600). The cystic stages were dominant in infected stool samples which being 53.85% (70 of 130), while the trophozoite stage was 15.38 % (20 of 130). The epidemiological survey based on direct stool examination showed the rate of infection among females was 23.07% (60 of 260) in comparison with males 20.59% (70 of 340). The highest rate of infection was among the age group 1 - 5 years 25.5% (69 of 270). The highest rate was also in children of illiterate parents 26.1% (68 of 260). The biochemical tests were carried out to estimate serum cholesterol, triglycerides, GOT, GPT, malondialdehyde (MDA) and selenium. The study showed that the level of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, GOT, GPT, malondialdehyde increased in infected patients in comparison with healthy controls, while the study showed decreased selenium concentration in infected patients in comparison with healthy controls. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was done to estimate serum IgG level for Entamoeba histolytica, the rate of seropositivity for IgG was 21.68% (18 of 83). The rate of IgG in positive sample was 17.73% (7 of 41) while in negative sample was 26.19% (11 of 42).

دراسة بكتيريولوجية وراثية لبعض الانواع المعزولة من المصابين وغير المصابين بداء السكري == Bacteriological And Genetic Study of Some Species of Bacteria That Isolated From Patients And Healthy of Diabetes

اسم المؤلف: قناة محمود عطية سلامة الجبوري
اسم المشرف: كركز محمد ثلج الجبوري | رشيد حميد حسن
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة في مختبرات مستشفى تكريت التعليمي ومختبرات قسم علوم الحياة - كلية العلوم في جامعة تكريت للمدة من كانون الثاني 2010 لغاية كانون الثاني 2011، تضمنت جمع 534 عينة من اخماج المسالك البولية والجروح للمرضى المصابين بالنوع الاول والثاني من السكري | The study was conducted in the Laboratories of Teaching Tikrit Hospital and the laboratories of the Biology Department - College of Science - Tikrit University from January 2010 to the January 2011. In this study five hundreds thirty four samples of urine and wounds from patients with diabetes and healthy were collected from both sexes and all ages to isolation and identification of pathogenic bacteria by morphological, cultural and biochemical characteristics then determination of virulence factors and genetic variation between dominant type depending on the isolating source and the type of infection in diabetic patients. The counts of urinary tract infections and wound infection in non _diabetic patients were 118 and 52 respectively.The percentage of positive isolation of bacteria for both of them were 44, and 38.4% respectively and from the same patients with urinary tract Infections and wounds and Insulin Depended Diabetes (IDD) patients were 158 and 68 samples respectively and the percentage of bacterial isolation were at 78.5 and 67.6% respectively. The patients with Insulin Non - dependent Diabetes (INDD) were 69 and 42 samples, where positive isolates from bacteria were 75 and 71.4% respectively. The infections females from the Healthy and Diabetes Patients that (IDD) or (INDD) were larger than that of the males patients and with the same state with the wounds infections state for (IDD) patients, whereas the rate was smaller than of males for wounds infections to patients with the other diabetes infections type. The age group between 41 - 60 years was the larger percentage with all infections, except with wounds infections to (INDD) patients, while the age group between 16 - 40 years was the larger, and the infections were the largest means in the Winter and Autumn compare the other seasons.The higher rate of bacteria that isolated from patients with Urinary Tract Infections was Escherichia coli then other types like Citrobacter diversus , Proteus mirabilis, Morganella morganii, and Enterobacter aerogenes. The larger rate of bacteria in patients with diabetes and wounds Infections was Escherichia coli then Citrobacter diversus, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter aerogenes, Morganella morganii and Staphylococcus aureus. The rate of diabetes infections with urinary tract infections and wounds increased in winter and autumn seasons more than of summer and spring seasons, Most bacterial isolates where sensitive for chloramphenicol.Other antibiotics were highly variable in their ability to inhibit bacterial isolates.the bacterial isolates were different in their ability to produce virulence factors, the diabetes infections was the reason of increase the variation in their ability to produce that virulence factor and the bacteria that isolated from diabetes patients produced haemolysine factor and capsule.PCR technique was used to show the genetic variations for the more repeats bacterial isolates isolated from all sources infections and used the Specific Primers (KPSMT II) group II capsule, (CNF1) Cytotoxic Necrotizing factor, (CNFs) and (HLY A) haemolysine, the bands appeared after electrophoresis to represent the used Primers, one band was appeared in the sample of diabetes Patients with Urinary Tract Infections(KPSMT II) at molecular weight 270 bp, and one band appeared in the sample of diabetes with urinary tract infections for Primer (HLY A) and it is molecular weight was 177 bp. One band appeared in the sample of diabetes patients for the primer (CNF1)hg with Wound Infections and it is molecular weight 450 bp, and there is not any band in the Primer (CNFs).

دراسة وراثية خلوية وجزيئية للتاثير الوقائي للكركم في سمية العقار ميترونيدازول في الفئران البيض == Cytogenetic And Molecular Study of Protective Effect of Curcumin in Toxicity of Metronidazole in White Mice

اسم المؤلف: فائق ابراهيم علي محمود
اسم المشرف: عادل فوزي شهاب
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الحيوان - الوراثة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: صممت الدراسة الحالية لغرض التعرف على التاثيرات السمية الوراثية والسمية الخلوية للعقار ميترونيدازول(MTZ) في الفئران البيض Balb/ C والتاثير الوقائي الذي توفره المعاملة المسبقة بالكركم(CUR) في سمية العقار ميترونيدازول. تم استخدام مؤشرات الوراثة الخلوية (النو | The current study was designed to identify the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of Mitronidazole (MTZ) and protective effect of Curcumin (CUR) against the toxicity of MTZ in whit mice. Cytogenetic endpoints (micronuclei (MN) and mitotic chromosomes), Productive biomarkers (sperms), molecular cytogenetic biomarkers (comet assay), molecular endpoints (genomic and mitochondrial DNA concentration in liver and spleen and testis) and mutation assessment in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of liver and testis by PCR and restriction pattern were used to evaluate genotoxicity, cytotoxicity of MTZ and protective effects of CUR in white Balb/Cmice. The study was conducted in the laboratories of college of education, college of science in Tikrit university and laboratories in the state company for drugs industry - Samarra - Iraq (SDI). Dosages of 30 and 50 mg/kb.b.wt. of MTZ were tested for genotoxic and cytotoxic and mutagenic effects in somatic and sperms of white mice. The dosages 4.5 and 10 mg/kgb.wt. of CUR were used to study the protective effects of CUR in genotoxicity and cytotoxicity and mutagenecity of MTZ. The current study showed that MTZ has genotoxic effect expressed by high frequency of micronuclei in polychromatic erythrocytes (PECs) which reached 15.5 ± 2.88 with the dosage 30 mg/kg.b.wt. and 21.31 ± 4.2 with the dosage 50mg/kg.b.wt. compared with 7.25 ± 1.88 in negative control. In the study of the protective effects of CUR against genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of MTZ, we observed that in mice treated with the dosage 4.5 mg/kg.b.wt of CUR for 9 days before the dosage 50 mg/kg.b.wt. of MTZ, There were significant p<0.05 decrease in MN frequency which reached 13.25 ± 4.19 compared with 21.31 ± 4.2 for mice treated with the dosage 50mg/kg.b.wt. of MTZ withoutCurcumin. The study showed that MTZ has cytotoxicity expressed by significant p<0.05 decrease in mitotic index (MI) which reached 0.010 in bone - marrow of the mice treated with 50 mg/kg.b.wt. compared with 0.023 in negative control. The dosage 4.5 mg/kg.b.wt. of CUR for 9 days before giving the dosage 50 mg/kg.b.wt. of MTZ resulted in returning of MI in bone - marrow 0.021 to its levels in negative control 0.023 compared with its value which reached 0.010 with the dosage 50 mg/kg.b.wt. of MTZ. The two dosages 30 and 50 mg/kg.b.wt. of MTZ caused significant p<0.05 decrease in total number of sperms which reached 2.4±2.4 and 1.5 ± 0.1 milions simultaneously compared with 6.7 ± 0.9 millions in negative control. More over there were significant p<0.05 decrease in motile sperms which reached 25.2 ± 11.0 and 14.6 ± 10.6 compared with 57.6 ± 8.0 of negative control. Significant p<0.01 decrease in the length of mid - piece and total length of sperm tail with the dosage 50 mg/kg.b.wt. of MTZ which reached 19.2 ± 6.0 and 69.0 ± 6.0 simultaneously compared with 31.6 ± 9.0 and 100.3 ± 15.0for negative control. Treating with the dosage 4.5 mg/kg.b.wt. of CUR for 9 day before the dosage 50 mg/kg.b.wt. of MTZ resulted in the return of mid - piece and total length of sperm tail which reached 29.5 ± 3.0 and 95.0 ± 5.0 close to the levels of negative control 31.06 ± 9.0 and 100.3 ± 15.0 simultaneously. Compared to 19.2 ± 6.0 for the length of mid - piece and 69.0 ± 6.0 for total length of sperm tail in mice treated with the dosage 50 mg/kg.b.wt. of MTZ without previous treatment with CUR. The study of damage levels in DNA with comet assay showed that MTZ induced significant p<0.01 levels of damage reached 45.4 ± 2.36 with the dosage 50mg/kg.b.wt. of MTZ in bone - marrow and 36.8 ± 0.58 in liver cells compared with 9.0 ± 2.12 and 5.2 ± 0.58 simultaneously in negative control. There were decrease occurred in the level of damage in DNA of bone - marrow and liver cells. However it did not return to its levels of negative control 9.0 ± 2.12 in bone - marrow and 5.2 ± 0.58 in liver cells. OTM values reached 26.4 ± 1.29 and 24.0 ± 1.14 in mice treated with the dosage 4.5 mg/kg.b.wt. of CUR for 9 days before the dosage 50 mg/kg.b.wt. of MTZ. However The values of OTM lower than its values in bone - marrow 45.4 ± 2.36 and 36.8 ± 1.66 in liver cells of mice treated with the dosage 50 mg/kg.b.wt. without CUR. In the molecular study, The results showed mutagenic effect of the dosage 50 mg/kg.b.wt. of MTZ in mice mtDNA expressed by novel restriction sites for Bam - HI and Hind - III in liver tissue and SauA3 in testis. The treatment of mice with the dosage 4.5mg/kg.b.wt. of CUR for 9 days before the dosage 50mg/kg.b.wt. of MTZ did not resulted in the inhibition of mutagenesis in mtDNA. In conclusion, results of this study showed that MTZ has genotoxic and cytotoxic effects in white mice and mutagenic effect in mice mtDNA. The dosage 4.5 mg/kg.b.wt.of Curcumin has protective effect against genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of MTZ. on the other hand the dosage 4.5 mg/kg.b.wt. of Curcumin has no protective effect against mutagenicity of MTZ in mice mtDNA.

دراسة عدد من المتغيرات الفسلجية والمناعية لدى النساء المصابات بالتهاب السبيل البولي في مدينة تكريت == Study Some of Physiological And Immunological Parameters in Women With Urinary Tract Infections in Tikrit City

اسم المؤلف: لبنى عبد الجبار ياسين
اسم المشرف: موسى جاسم محمد الحميش
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الحيوان - الفسلجة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان الهدف الرئيس لهذه الدراسة هو معرفة علاقة الانترلوكينات(IL - 2, IL - 4, IL - 6) ببعض الهرمونات لدى النساء المصابات بالتهاب السبيل البولي.تضمنت هذه الدراسة 116عينة دم من النساء المراجعات للعيادات الخارجية التابعة لمستشفى تكريت التعليمي اللواتي تترواحت اع | The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship of Interleukines (IL - 2, IL - 4, and IL - 6) with hormones in women with inflammation of the urinary tract. This study involved (116) women visiting outpatient clinic of Tikrit Teaching Hospital for the period from September 2011 until February 2012. The ages of women were 16 - 50 years, and blood samples were taken for each of these women for the purpose of determining the levels of sex hormones (FSH, LH, estrogen, progesterone, testosterone) and the levels Interleukines (IL - 6, IL - 4, IL - 2) and identify some of the variables blood parameters (WBC, ESR) and C - reactive protein Twenty samples were taken from the blood of women who are not infected and non - pregnant as a control group samples. The patients divided into three groups, which included non - pregnant women infected and pregnant women who are infected and pregnant non - infected urinary tract (UTI) also samples of the study was divided by periods of gestation into three periods included the first period (1 - 12 weeks) and the second period (12 - 24 weeks) and the third period (24 - 40 weeks) of pregnancy The results of the current study showed that there is significant increase in ESR for a pregnant women infected and pregnant women non - effected with UTI when compared to control (P ? 0.01) and highest level of ESR was in the last third of pregnancy, The total Count of white blood cells (WBC), results showed a significant difference between the three groups compared to the control group, had the highest level for (WBC) in the last third of pregnancy. As for the study of hormones when measuring the level of the hormone LH showed a significant decrease (P ? 0.05) for the three groups compared to control and the steepest decline of hormone level was in the last third of pregnancy. The hormone FSH got a significant decrease in the three groups compared with a control (P ? 0.01), lowest level was in the third trimester of pregnancy.Estrogen level showed a significant decrease (P ? 0.01) for a non pregnant women with UTI compared with a control, and show a significant increase in the level of the two sets of hormone - positive pregnant non - infected, and the highest increase was in last third of Pregnancy in both groups. The progesterone showed a significant increase in the level of the pregnant infected and pregnant non - infected (P ? 0.01) compared with a control group. While in non - pregnant, there is no significant difference. The testosterone level increased significantly (P ? 0.05) in the three groups compared to control group. the level Interleukines, Tests showed that a significant increase(p ? 0.01) in the level of interleukin - 2 (IL - 2) for a pregnant women with (UTI) compared with a control and a significant decrease in the last third of pregnancy in pregnant women which is non infected compared to the rest of the gestation periods, and for the level of interleukin - 4 The present study showed a significant increase (p ? 0.01) in the level of interleukin - 4 (IL - 4) for a non - pregnant women with (UTI) compared with a controlThe highest level reached by IL - 4 was in the last third of pregnancy in the non - infected at (p ? 0.05), interleukin - 6 has a significant decrease for the two sets of pregnant women with (UTI) and non - infected, compared with the control group and the absence of significant differences between the two sets of pregnant women infected and non - infectedRegarding level of C - reactive protein there is a significant increase (P ? 0.01) in the two groups of pregnant and non pregnant women compared with a control, and significant differences between control group and a group of pregnant non - infected.

عزل وتشخيص بكتريا Enterococcus faecalis من مصادر مرضية مختلفة ودراسة امراضيتها في الفئران المختبرية == Isolation And Diagnosis of Enterococcus Faecalis From Different Clinical Sources And Study of The Pathogenicity in Experimental Mice

اسم المؤلف: عباس ياسين حسن
اسم المشرف: وعد محمود رؤوف | عباس عبود فرحان
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية بهدف عزل وتشخيص المكورات المعوية البرازية Enterococcus faecalis من مصادر سريرية مختلفة، وتقييم التغيرات المظهرية والافات المرضية في بعض اعضاء الفئران البيض السويسرية المصابة تجريبيا لذا تضمنت هذه الدراسة محورين رئيسين هما : الجانب ال | The present study was conducted to isolate and diagnose an Enterococcus faecalis which are isolated from different clinical sources, and evaluate the appearance changes and pathological lesions in some Swiss white mice organs which are infected experimentally, so this study deals with two main aspects : The bacteriological type : The results obtained may be summarized as follows : - The total number of (310) clinical samples were collected from Baquba Educational Hospital and Al - Batol Hospital for Maternity and Children in Baquba city from the beginning of March to the end of September (2009) with various ages and from both sexes, including (82) urine samples from patients with urinary tract infections, (46) vaginal swab from infection of female reproduction system, (45) surgical wound swabs, (38) stool sample from patients with abdominal pains and diarrhea, (32) throat swabs from tonsillitis patients, (25) middle ear swabs, (22) burn swabs, and (20) blood sample from patients with bacteremia and prosthetic valvular heart diseases. The isolates diagnose depended on the cultural and microscobial characteristics and biochemical tests, serological diagnosis according to Lancefield method and assertion diagnosis according to (API - 20 Strep) was done to find (32) isolates of Enterococcus : (28) isolates of E. faecalis (87.5%), (3) isolates of E. faecium (9.4%) and one isolate of E.gallinarum (3.1%). - The sensitivity of E. faecalis was tested against (23) different antibiotics. The isolates showed resistance of about (100%) against Aztreonam, Amikacin, Co - Trimoxazole, Cephalexin and Cefotaxime, while the isolates were sensitive about (100%) against Amoxicillin, Nitrofurantoin, Imipenem and Ampicillin, while they showed a various resistance to another antibiotics involved in this study. - The ability of the isolates for producing the Beta - lactamase enzymes was tested by the standard rapid iodometric method. The results showed the disability of these isolates for producing the Beta - lactamase enzymes. - The production ability of E. faecalis for some virulence factors was evaluated. The results showed the ability of these isolates of adherence to the uroepithelial cells of human's urinary system were (93%), and (82.1%) were bacteriocin producer, and (28.6%) were hemolysin producer, and (43%) were gelatinase producer, and (10.7%) were lipase producer, and (35.7%) were capsule producer, and (14.3%) were cytolysin producer, while none of the isolates under the study showed the ability of haemagglutination.Histopathology type : (4.6 x 106) cell / ml concentration of the bacterial suspension of E. faecalis was used orally on mice and histopathological changes were examined after (3, 5, 7, 14) days of infection, which revealed the ability of bacteria for colonization and causing pathological lesions and many histological changes in the liver, kidney, small intestine and hearts of these animals. The damage in the animal tissues of the second group (treated with Streptomycin and EFU10) was more than that in the third group (treated with Streptomycin and EFS14), and fourth group (treated with EFU10 only). Generaly, the most important histopathological changes were the necrosis in some areas, and infiltration of inflammatory cells in infected tissues. These pathological lesions cause damage and decompose of tissues with distortion of their morphologies.

دراسة وبائية تشخيصية لداء اللشمانيا مع تحديد انماط الطفيل المسبب بواسطة تقنية PCR وتمييز الانواع الناقلة من ذبابة الرمل sand fly في محافظة ديالى == Epidemio Diagnostic Study for Leishmaniasis With Determination of Parasite Strain’s By PCR Technique And Morphologically Differmates The Species of Sand Fly Vector in Diyala Governorate

اسم المؤلف: جابر عودة كاظم
اسم المشرف: توفيق ابراهيم محمد الالوسي | عبد الله حسين عبد الله الجبوري
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الاحياء المجهرية - الطفيليات
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية تسليط الضوءعلى انتشار داء اللشمانيا الجلدية والاحشائية المتسبب من قبل الطفيلي Leishmania spp في مناطق مختلفة في محافظة ديالى ودراسة الظروف البيئية المساهمة في انتشار المرض ومقارنة الفحوصات السريرية والمختبرية والمصلية المستخدمة في تش | The aims of present study to illuminate a light on visceral and cutaneous leishminiasis disease caused by leishminia Spp parasite as registered in Diyal Governorate, and study the environment condition which contributed in diffusion the disease and comparison the tests of clinical, Laboratory and serological tests which used in diagnosing with PCR technique test, the study included many steps. 1. The epidemiologically which is main to determine the rates of infection as registered in some district of Diyala province in according to the age, sex, and the month of the year so according to the environmental conditions : - 7200 samples of blood collected from many different ages persons from different districts in Diyala. (3009 males, 4011 females) are examined. The study shows a positive cases of 607 distributed among the districts including (Jalawlaa, Bani Saa'd, Baladruz, Baquba, Alodeim amd DeliAbbas) these register a highest percentage of infection in Jalawlaa sub - district about 12.8% and less percentage of infection are in Baquba about 1.3% whiel is register highest percentage of in infection were (>1 - 5) years about 13.2% and lower percentage infection (<5 - 10) years wuth rate 2.4% so the groups of ages (25 - 30) years didn't appear any infections. according to the gender the males are high from the females whom effected with this disease the number of males (432) case with rate 71, 1%. The number of infected females about 175 cases with rate 28.8%.while in the month of years were the male infection are a highest infection in January - 2012, but did not register any infection in (June and July). The environmental condition infective in prevalence the disease between the people whom resident the houses which breed the animals inside, the number of infections are 245 cases from 607 positive cases with rate 40.3%. This was the low rate 4.9% from the infected people because of rats in their hoses. which didn't kill them. 2. The comparison of diagnostic methods of clinical test, laboratory test and serological test, with the molecular methods from the direction of sensitivity and specificity, The studies results appeared the importance of clinical test subtle in case of a similar cases depend on the clinical symptoms there are a highest cases from clinical test that the children suffering from liver magle their number are 176 cases the rate 80.36%, but the lowest cases of clinical test are 59.19% whom suffered from a skin pallor and black. The laboratory tests appeared the blood picture through testing the 350cases whom suspicion in their infection with leishmaniasis, the number of whom suffering from the lower of WBC 73 with rate 34.2%, while the low cases are 6 with rate 2.82% from whom suffering from hipper ESR, but the serological test was IFAT, Dipsrtick, spotkala - azor, ELISA, KA tex LATEX. Diagnostic infection leishmaniasis a best in diagnostic disease is dipstick test it's sensitivity are 95%, but it's specificity 100% but the lowest is the test of LATEX, it's sensitivity 75% and specificity 80%.3. The Molecular methods : PCR technique test clear recently the new highest sensitivity in diagnosis when the number of the parasite are a little in the blood in the infections peoples whom choose in random way. when testing 100 samples of DNA from the infection with cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis, the number of infected male are 73, But the number of infected females are 27 with leishmaniasis. and studying the relation between PCR diagnosis according to the sex, age, district and environment condition, so as the recognize between the species of the parasite from the sequence Nitrogen basics with number in each species, (the species are L.donovani, L.infantum, L.tropica, L.major) so recognize the vector insect sand fly Morphology by key classification (ph.alexandri, ph.papatasi Ph.sergentasi, and sqauanlpleuris).

تقييم استخدام الانترليوكينات في تشخيص تسمم الدم الجرثومي لدى الاطفال حديثي الولادة في تكريت == Evaluation Uses The Interleukines for Diagnosis of Neonatal Sepsis in Tikrit

اسم المؤلف: هبة حازم صالح
اسم المشرف: موسى جاسم محمد الحميش | عاشور رفعت سرحت
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان الهدف الرئيس لهذه الدراسة هواستخدام الانترلوكيناتInterleukin - 8, Interleukin - 10 (IL - 8, IL - 10) كعلامة تشخيصية للتسمم الدموي الجرثومي لدى حديثي الولادة. تضمنت الدراسة 45 عينة دم من الاطفال حديثي الولادة الراقدين في ردهة الاطفال في مستشفى تكريت الت | The main aim of this study was uses the Interleukines IL - 8 and IL - 10 as diagnosis marker for neonatal sepsis. This study involved 45 blood samples, were taken from neonates admitted to the pediatrics - neonatal wards at Tikrit Teaching Hospital who were clinically diagnosed as sepsis for the period from September 2011 until March 2012. The ages of neonates were 1 - 30day, and this blood samples were taken for the purpose of determining the levels Interleukines IL - 8 and IL - 10 and identify (WBC and C - reactive protein). Seventeen samples were taken from the blood of neonates without of septicemia as a control group samples. The results of the current study showed non significant differences in total white blood cells count for patients with sepsis when compared with a control group. and showed non significant differences in total white blood cells count for patients with sepsis as gestation birth, sex and birth weight compared to the control group. Regarding level of C - reactive protein there was no significant differences between the control group and the patients with sepsis as gestation birth and sex. and showed a significant differences in C - reactive protein level for patients compared to the control group as birth weight. The Interleukine levels showed that a significant increase in the level of interleukin - 8 (IL - 8) for all patients mals and femals, preterm or full - term and who there weight < 2.5 or >2.5kg compared with a control group. this results showed that the relationship between IL - 8 and WBCs was not significant differences at (p<0.05). and for the level of interleukin - 10 the present study showed a significant increase for patients with sepsis as gestation birth, sex and birth weight compared to the control group, the relationship between IL - 10 and WBCs was not significant differences at(p<0.05). The relationship between IL - 1o, IL - 8 and WBCs was not significant differences. when comparison The results as end result for sepsis show is the absence of significant differences (p<0.05) for patients who became good and who had complications compared with the control group. At last, the study concluded that the Interleukines IL - 8 and IL - 10 levels increase in early time for Inflammation ;So its agood diagnosis marker for neonatal sepsis.

تاثير اضافة عناصر الكالسيوم والمغنيسيوم والحديد الى الوسط الغذائي في حياتية خنفساء الطحين الصدئية Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) Tenebrionidaci) Coleoptera :) == Effect of Calcium, Magnisium And Iron Elements With Various Nutreint Sources on Biology of Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst) Tenebrionidaci) Coleoptera : )

اسم المؤلف: حوراء ياسين احمد عبد
اسم المشرف: برهان مصطفى محمد الدليمي | عواد شعبان داود الناصري
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت الدراسة اختبار تاثير اضافة ثلاثة عناصرمعدنية الكالسيوم (Ca) المغنيسيوم (Mg) الحديد (Fe) في سطين غذائيين (الطحين والجريش) لصنفين من الحنطة (ابو غريب والعز) في حياتية خنفساء الطحين الصدئية الحمراء Tribolium castaneum (Herbst). اذ استخدمت العناصر بترا | This study includes testing the effect of addition of three elements (Ca, Mg, Fe) in flour and crushed partially debranned wheat for two kinds of wheat : Abu - ghareeb and Al - is in the life of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst).using the elements under different concentrations (0.01 - 0.03 - 0.05) g.to know their effects in Tribolium inculuding : (the number of eggs, period of incubation eggs, number of Larvers, number of pupal, number of external insect, new generation) after adding to nutreint base for the two kinds of wheat.This experiement must be in dark incubation at 35±2°C & relative humidity 75±5% during one generation the result show most important role of nutreint element in life of insect (the number eggs, period incubation eggs, number of Larvers, number of pupal, number of external insect, new generation). on side of period incubation eggs period generation there is not any mentioned effect and the most meaningful one is in kind of Al - Is comperad with Abu - ghareeb. It is noticed the maxi effect for Calisum element.It achieved the highest level in : (the number eggs, period incubation eggs, number of Larvae, number of pupal, number of external insect, new generation) to ratio of flour kind of Al - Is and achieved maxi number : (the number eggs, period incubation eggs, number of Larvers, number of pupal, number of external insect, new generation)in concentration (0.05)g.while the highest in ratio of generation agents in (Fluorine)element ratio(76.2) under concentration (0.03)g, it achieved the less ratio in the dead insect kind of Abu - ghareeb7s the highest in average number eggs, number of larvers for calisum element.while the highest value in average number of pupal, number of external insect, new generation to (Magnasium) element it is achieved the highest in number of eggs, number of Larvers, number of pupal, number of external insect, in concentration (0.05)g and the higher of average ratio new generation is (66) and the higher ratio new generation (79.3) is concentarte (0.03)g.It is noticed the relationship between nutreint element and life of insect is parallel, that is, concentrates increased, number of growing also increased except (Fluorine) element the relation is inversion. on side of crushed partially debranned wheat the effect is more meaningful in kind of Abu - ghareeb than in Al - Iz.Calicum element shows acceptable results, it appeared the higher in : (the number eggs, , number of Larvers, number of pupal, number of external insect) in Abu - ghareeb and new generation in Al - Iz. In the test of the effect of nutreint element agents in life of this insect according to the nutril base for both kinds.the result show that nutrient base of flour is more effective than the nutrient base crushed bartially debranned whaet in all steps of insect life for both kindc in flour maxi In flour maxi number in new generation about (62.5)g and the main ratio of new generation in crushed partially debranned wheat (36.3) for Abu - ghareeb kind (6.7)in flour. (61.1) crushed partially debranned wheat For Al - Is which shown the same features of the results of the effect in nutrient base without adding any elements to its life of insect

تاثير استخدام عقار الكلوميفين ستريت والقهوة العربية وفيتامين E على بعض المعايير الفسلجية والكيموحيوية والنسجية في الارانب البيض المعرضة للاجهاد التاكسدي ببيروكسيد الهيدروجين == Effect of Clomiphene Citrate, Coffea Arabica And Vitamin E Use on Some Biochemical, Physiological And Histological Parameters in Albino Rabbits Exposed To Oxidative Stress Induced By Hydrogen Peroxidase

اسم المؤلف: اسماء خالد مطني محمد
اسم المشرف: زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الحيوان - الفسلجة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تم في هذه الدراسة اختبار فعالية عقار الكلوميفين ستريت Clomiphene citrate والتحري عن تاثيراته في نسيج الرحم والخصى وكذلك الهرمونات الجنسية والتكاثرية Follicular Stimulating Hormone(FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) , Prolactin, Estrogen, Testosterone, Progest | This study includes the effect of clomiphene citrate drug in uterus and testes tissue and sex, reproduction hormone (Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Prolactin (PRL), estrogen, progesterone, testosterone) and in Some Biochemical and Physiological Parameters as : WBCs counts, glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), High density lipoproteins - cholesterol (HDL - C), Low density lipoprotein - cholesterol (LDL - C), Very low density lipoproteins - cholesterol (VLDL - C), Total protein, albumin, globulin, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in males and females Albino rabbits sera which have oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (0.5%) for (20) days, compare with the control rabbits.The study involud : - comparison the effects of vitamin E effects and (100mg\kg) body weight of arabica coffea.The animals distributed and randomly divided to(8) groups (each group included 8 rabbits : 4 males+ 4 females) as follow : control group, Hydrogen peroxide (0.05) group, (2mg\kg of B.W) clomiphene citrate (c.c.) group, (2mg\kg of B.W) clomiphene citrate group, (500mg\kg of B.W) vitamin E+(10mg\kg of B.W) clomiphene citrate, (100mg\kg of B.W) Arabica coffea group, Hydrogen peroxide (0.05) +(100mg\kg of B.W) Arabica coffea group and (10mg\kg of B.W)(c.c.) +(100mg\kg of B.W) Arabica coffea group. The results revealed : - 1 - The treatment of males and females of Animal by clomiphene citrate (2 and 4 mg\kg of B.W) cased significant increase at leve (P? 0.05) in concentration of the FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone hormone, and Glucose, Triglycerides, Globulin, LDL - C, VLDL - C and Glutathione in both male and female compare with the control group, while the same treatment caused increase the concentrations of Testosterone and Prolactin for males, whereas in females the treatment showed increase in Testosterone and Prolactin concentrations Compare with the control. Also the treatment caused decrease Albumin concentration in male and no significant (P? 0.05) changes had been showed in the female s. Respect to total protein, WBCs count there were no significant variation (P?0.05) had been recorded for both sexes compare with the control group. So the result showed Significant increase (P? 0.05) in HDL - C in male only compare with the control group. 2 - The induced oxidative stress caused significant increase at level (P?0.05) WBCs count, Glucose, Total cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL - C, LDL - C, MDA concentrations for both sexes compare with the control group.While there were no significant variation had been recorded in Albumin and Prolactin concentrations in Females and total protein concentrations for both sexes compare with the control group in another hand there were significant increase (P<0.05) in concentrations of HDL - C, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Glutathione, Progesterone, Testosterone, Estrogen, FSH, and LH of male compare with the control group.3 - The treatment of Rabbits (male and female) with (100mg\kg of B.W) Arabica coffea revealed significant decrease (p ?0.05) in concentration of FSH, LH, estrogen, glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and VLDL - C for both sexes, and PRL, testosterone , glutathione and albumen in concentrations for male compared with the control group while there treatment. 4 - Treatment males and females albino rabbits by high dose vitamin E caused significant decrease in concentration of FSH, estrogen, total cholesterol, Triglycerides and Globulin for both sexes, compared with the control group, Whereas caused also a significant decrease in concentrations LH, PRL, testosterone in male, and caused a significant decrease in concentration HDL - C in female. Whereas caused also significant increase in concentration of the glucose, MDA, glutathione and the total number of white blood cells for about sexes, and caused also significant increase in concentration of the hormones PLR, testosterone in female only. Whereas caused also a significant decrease in concentrations of HDL - C, LDL - C and VLDL - C in male, whereas no significant variation in concentration of total protein, albumin for both sexes, and in concentration of LDL - C and VLDL - C in female compared with the control group.5 - Treatment males and females albino rabbits by high dose vitamin E, clomiphene citrate, Arabica coffea and H2O2 (0.5%) showed important histological changes in testes and uterus compared with the control group. Treatment males by clomiphene citrate caused significant increase (P<0.05) in sertoli cells, Leydig cells, spermatids and Spermatogonia in male, whereas in uterus tissue treatment caused significant increase in granular cells, hypertrophy smooth muscular and increase cytoplasm size compared with the control group.6 - Treatment by high dose vitamin E and Arabica coffea caused damage in somniferous tubules decrease in sertoli cells, Leydig cells, spermatids and spermatogonia in male, whereas in uterus tissue treatment caused effected uterus gland and loss of normal form and the incident of degeneration, necrosis in the surrounding cells and decrease in vassals blood compared with the control group.The present study showing that to drug clomiphene citrate play an important role to activation the oogenesis and spermatogenesis through stimulating gonadotrophic Hormones(FSH, LH). Also the study showed the role of coffea arabica to induce the infertility through it's impact on the thyroid gland which responsible for the oogenesis and spermatogenesis.the result also showed that the high dose vitamin E working on the accumulation of free radical causing oxidative stress damaging body.

التحري عن فيروس التهاب الكبد نمط B باستخدام تقنيات ELISA وReal Time PCR في دم ولعاب المرضى في محافظة الانبار == Detection of Hepatitis B Virus By Using Elisa And Real Time PCR Techniques in Patients' Blood And Saliva in Al - Anbar Governorate

اسم المؤلف: ثائر عبد الله حسن الدليمي
اسم المشرف: امين سليمان بدوي الجنابي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة في مختبرات قسم علوم الحياة في كلية التربية وفي مختبرات مستشفى الرمادي التعليمي العام ومستشفى الرمادي للنسائية والاطفال ومختبرات النظائر المشعة في بغداد للفترة من 1/11/2011 ولغاية 1/5/2012 والتي تضمنت التحري عن فيروس التهاب الكبد نمط B في | The present study has been carried out at the laboratories of the department of biology at the college of Education and the laboratories of the public - teaching Al - Ramadi hospital and Al - Ramadi hospital for women and children and laboratories of Al - Nathaer Al - Mushe'ah in Baghdad for the period from 1/11/2011 to 1/5/2012. The study consisted of the investigation about Hepatitis B virus in the saliva as compared with serum by using the ELISA and Real Time PCR techniques as well as the detection about antigens and antibody to this virus in serum. It also seeks about the liver functions enzymes and evaluating the extent of its importance for diagnosing liver disease resulted that virus. However, the obtained results showed that HBsAg antigen was found in 99.4% and (1.101± 0.335) mean ±SD in serum as compared with 48.6% in saliva with a (0.330±0.278) mean ±SD, that gave a noticeable increase when comparing it with the control group which was (0.0039± 0.0024) and (0.0017±0.0014 ) for serum and saliva respectively. The value of T test for serum and control group was (16.25) , while the value of T test for saliva and control group was (4.18). The proportion of correlation between saliva and serum in ELISA test was equal to (0.361) with high significance of test while the value of T test for them was (28.902) with high significance of test. The results have also stated that the age groups involved in the experiment contributed as being high proportion of infection in the serum, but in the saliva, these proportions were different and it has been found that the high proportion of infection was 53.3% in the group (10 - 20) yrs., While the lowest proportion was 38.4% in the (31 - 40) yrs. Moreover, it has been concluded that the number of males exceeded the number of females, but the number of females was the most infected with HBsAg in the experiment group. However, the total number of males was 91, It was found that 90 males have positive test to the HBsAg in serum with a proportion equals 98.9% whiles 42 males have a positive test to the HBsAg in saliva with a proportion equals 46.1%. on contrary, the number of female was 84 female and all of them had a positive test to the HBsAg in serum with a proportion 100% and 43 females have a positive test to the HBsAg in the saliva with 51.1 % as compared with control group which included 15 males and 10 female. All of them were negative to the HBsAg test in serum and saliva... The levels of HBV DNA were determined in the samples of positive saliva to ELISA test by using Real Time PCR. 95% from tested serum samples were positive to the viral load While in saliva 50% from the samples was HBV DNA positive. The results also showed that soluble antigen HBeAg has been detected in 24 patients with 13.7% from a total 175 patient as compared with the control group that showed a negative result to this antigen. As for the antibodies, it has been found that anti - HBc IgM was found in only 5 patients with 2.5% while anti - HBc IgG was found in 170 patients with 97.2% from the total number of patients. The control group revealed negative result for these two antibodies. The anti - HBeAg was in 150 patients with 85.7% from the total number of patients. There were no positive patients to this antibody in control group. The anti - HBs wasn’t found in any patient but it was found in the half of control group. This emphasizes to immunize against HBV in those members. The results also exposed that there was a noticeable increase in liver enzymes that it was found that ALT the elevated levels of were found in 76% of patients. As compared with the control group which has normal values 100%. As for AST enzyme was elevated in 60.6%, As compared with the control group which was normal 100%.It has been observed that ALP enzyme was elevated with a 38.4% in the experiment patients as compared with the control group which was normal 100%. Finally, the total values of TSB was elevated in 35.5%, As compared with control group which was normal 100% with (0.52±0.19). Nevertheless, it has been noticed that it cannot be judged about the person's blood on the basis that it is healthy in case of absence of surface antigen unless it is certain that his/her blood is free from HBV DNA by using the technique of Real Time PCR - since many patients who heal from past infection or their infection in a time of passive and amounts of HBV DNA can't be diagnosed by using the ELISA technique

مستوى هرمون الليبتين في مصل النساء المصابات بمتلازمة تكيس المبايض قبل وبعد العلاج بالميتفورمين == Serum Leptin Level In Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Before And After Treatment With Metformin

اسم المؤلف: بتول حسين كاظم
اسم المشرف: وليد حميد يوسف سندال النصيري
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة النهرين - المعهد العالي لتشخيص العقم والتقنيات المساعدة على الانجاب
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Polycystic ovary syndrome is the most common endocrinopathy in women, affecting 5 - 10% of women of reproductive age.The principal features of PCOS are anovulation, resulting in irregular menstruation, amenorrhea, ovulation - related infertility, and polycystic ovaries; excessive amounts or effects of androgenic hormones. Leptin, a key hormone in energy homeostasis and neuroendocrine function, has a permissive role in the pathogenesis of reproductive dysfunction. Aim of the study To assess the role of serum leptin in women with PCOS and to evaluate leptin levels in PCOS women before and after treatment with metformin. Materials and Methods This prospective experimental study included 60 women of reproductive age (18 - 38years) were allocated to four groups : 15 obese women with PCOS (BMI >30 kg/m2), 15obese controls, 15 non - obese women with PCOS (BMI 18 - 30 kg/m2), and 15 non - obese controls. Serum leptin and insulin levels were measured and compared between case and control subjects also comparison done before and after treatment with metformin. Results There was a significant increase in leptin in non - obese PCOS group (8.2±2.73) compared to non - obese control (5.64±1.43), (P value=0.0032), insulin level was significantly higher in PCOS group (15.87±6.65) than control (5.47±1.68), (P value<0.001). There was significant decrease in BMI, leptin and insulin levels after 12 weeks of metformin treatment in obese and non - obese PCOS subjects. Conclusions Leptin level increased remarkably with increasing body weight. It is higher in non - obese PCOS women in comparison with non - obese healthy women. Treatment with metformin for 12 weeks resulted in significant reduction in leptin levels in both obese and non - obese PCOS subjects.

تاثير المستخلص الكحولي لاوراق نبات ذيل العقرب Heliotropium europium وفيتامينC في بعض الجوانب الفسلجية والكيموحيوية لذكور الجرذان المعرضة للكرب التاكسدي == Effect of Heliotropium Europium Leaves Alcoholic Extract And Vitamin C in Some Physiological And Biochemical Parameters of Male Rats Exposed To Oxidative Stress

اسم المؤلف: صفا احمد عبد القادر محمد دنيدل
اسم المشرف: صاحب جمعة عبد الرحمن | عويد هيدان الخزرجي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى معرفة تاثير المستخلص الكحولي لنبات ذيل العقرب Heliotropium europium في وزن الجسم وعدد من المتغيرات الفسلجية والكيموحيوية كتركيز الهيموكلوبينHaemoglobin (Hb) وحجم كريات الدم المرصوصةPacked cell volume (PCV) والعدد الكلي لخلايا الدم | The aim of the present study was to investigate some effects of the alcoholic extract of Heliotropium europium in body weight and some of physiological and biochemical parameter such as concentrations of Hemoglobin (Hb), Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and the total count of leukocytes (WBCs) and concentrations glutathione (GSH), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Peroxynitrite radical (ONOO - ) , Superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD), glucose, Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High density lipoprotein (HDL - C), Low density lipoprotein (LDL - C), Very Low density lipoprotein (VLDL - C), Atherogenic indices levels, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Urea and Uric acid in serum and histological changes in liver of male rats that exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide H2O2(0.5%) with drinking water for (30) days, and comparison these effects with the effects of the vitamin C as well known antioxidants(250 mg/kg of body weight), for the purpose of this study preliminary experiments were carried out to find the most effective does of plant extracts and it was found that this does was (300 mg/ kg) body weight.The study included(35) male albino rats, (4 - 6) months ages and(245 - 280)gm weight were divided to (7) groups both group with (5) rats as follows : Control group, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) group, Heliotropium extract group, H2O2+ Heliotropium extract group, Heliotropium extract + vitamin C group, H2O2+ Vitamin C group, H2O2+extract of Heliotropium+ vitamin C group.The results showed : 1. The animal under oxidative stress by hydrogen peroxide caused a significant decrease (p? 0.05) in body weights and values of Hb , PCV, GSH, activity of SOD enzyme, HDL - C, total protein, albumin, globulin and compared with the control group. While it caused a significant increase in WBCs, MDA, ONOO. - , glucose, cholesterol, TG, LDL - C, VLDL - C, Atherogenic indices levels(I, II, III) and urea compared with the control group.2. The treatment of animals exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide with extract of Heliotropium europium showed significant increase in the weights of animals, Hb, PCV, GSH, activity of SOD enzyme, HDL - C, total protein, albumin and globulin compared with a hydrogen peroxide group. While this treatment showed significant decrease in WBCs, MDA, ONOO. - , glucose, cholesterol, TG, LDL - C, VLDL - C, Atherogenic indices levels (I, II, III), and urea when compared with a hydrogen peroxide group.3. Compared with a hydrogen peroxide treatment of rats exposed to oxidative stress by hydrogen peroxide with vitamin C, extract of plant and vitamin C with hydrogen peroxide group showed the results were similar to the results of treatment plant extract with hydrogen peroxide group.4. The treatment plant alcoholic extract and vitamin C showed a significant increase in the level GSH, MDA, activity of SOD enzyme, HDL - C, globulin compared with the control group. And showed a significant decrease in animal weights, WBCs, ONOO. - , LDL - C, VLDL - C and urea compared with a hydrogen peroxide group. While not shown significant differences in the values of Hb, PCV, glucose, cholesterol, TG, Atherogenic indices levels total protein and uric acid compared with the control group.5. The treatment alcoholic plant extract group showed increase in the weights of animals and values Hb, PCV, WBCs, GSH, MDA, Triglyceride, VLDL - C, Atherogenic indices levels, globulin and urea compared with the control group. Showed significant decrease in the HDL - C and albumin compared to the control group. while did not show significant difference in ONOO. - , activity SOD enzyme, glucose, cholesterol, total protein and uric acid compared the control group.6. The most important histological changes that have occurred in this study have showed treatment hydrogen peroxide compared with a control to swelling hepatocytes with necrosis each and the small size of the nuclei with swelling sinusoid, and the treatment of animals exposed to oxidative stress plant extract has showed a lack of clarity within the cells in hepatocytes necrosis and swelling sinusoid compared with a hydrogen peroxide while the treatment of animals exposed to oxidative stress with vitamin C showed sinusoid constriction and showed treatment alcoholic plant extract and vitamin C for the animals exposed to oxidative stress loss nucleus cells with the difficulty of distinguishing sinusoid.

دراسة بيئية ونوعية لمشروع تصفية ماء الكرخ في الطارمية == An Ecological And Qualitativ Study for Al - Karkh Drinking Water Plane At Al - Tarmia

اسم المؤلف: احمد توفيق احمد المشهداني
اسم المشرف: رياض عباس عبد الجبار
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: نظرا لما لمياه الشرب من اهمية كبيرة في حياة الانسان وضرورة ان تكون هذه المياه ضمن مواصفات ومعايير خاصة, فضلا عن ظهور العديد من مشاكل تلوث مياه الشرب في مختلف مدن العراق. دعت الحاجة لاجراء هذه الدراسة لبيان مدى صلاحية مياه الشرب المنتجة من مشروع تصفية ماء | Owing to the drinking water of great importance in human life and it is important to be under the specifications and standards, as well as the emergence of many of the problems of contamination of drinking water in various cities of Iraq. Needed to conduct this study to demonstrate the viability of drinking water produced from the project filter water Karkh (which is the largest project the liquidation of water in the Middle East, it is feeds many of the cities of Baghdad, on the side of Karkh) and compare the specifications of Iraq and the global standard for drinking water in order to investigate the potential weaknesses in the project and study the possibility of the development of such large projects as a first step to improving the situation of drinking water in Iraq. So were the tests, physical, chemical and biological common to drinking water in the project and divided into four main stations, namely, (station socket raw water, sedimentation basins secondary sand filters, pumps, distribution of drinking water), including nine stations secondary starting of the month of October - 2010 to July - 2011.The results showed high values of turbidity, and electrical condactivety and pH, and dissolved oxygen, and biological dimond of oxygen, and alkalinity, and total hardness, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, chloride, phosphate, nitrite, silica, fluoride, sodium, potassium, and heavy metals, namely, (iron, copper and cadmium, nickel, lead, chromium and zinc), and the total numbers of bacteria, and total coliform bacteria, the fecal coliform bacteria and E. Coli in drinking water for most of the stations in the Alsta spring and low concentrations in summer and autumn.Values for water temperatures between (4 - 37.5) c, as recorded differences significant between the months of winter and spring, summer and autumn, and the values of brownish discharge ranged between (250 - 0.3) NTU as it showed the differences of the moral high values of turbidity in the winter and fall in the summer and fall in each stage of the treatmant with it, and the values of electrical conductivity was between (520 - 895) Micro Siemens / cm 3. The water Alnehrualcherb in the project was registered as a weak base pH values between (9.7 to 1.7), and it was well ventilated, as the oxygen values were high in the winter months registered clear monthly variation ranging between (5.14 - 2.3) mg / L, either values biologicaldimond of oxygen were values between (4.4 - ND) mg / L and found that basal total stations ranged from every stage of the liquidation potential in increasing concentrations of dissolved oxygen, between (160 - 100) mg / L, and found that drinking water hardness too, as that the values of total hardness ranged between ( - 215 335) mg / L as suited their values directly proportional to both the calcium and magnesium hardness ranging between (197 - 139) and (31.472 - 16.128) mg / L, respectively, while for the values of the chloride ranged between (69 - 25) mg / l, while the fluoride has recorded values ranged between (15 - 0.05) mg / L, with values ranging between sulfate (169.2 - 90) mg / L, free chlorine residual values ranged between (4.18 - 1.1) mg / L, and materials for suspended solids ranged values between (84 - ND) mg / L proven contribution stages of liquidation, all in the rates of removal of different, either TDS fluctuated values between (545 - 315) mg / L, with log Aluminum values ranged between (0.98 - 0.01) mg / L, but for the potassium values ranged between (3.2 - 2.15) mg / L, and sodium values ranging between (6.31 to 3.21) mg / liter.As for the concentrations of heavy metals did not detect any significant concentration of heavy metals measured except for iron ranging between concentrations (9.2 to 8.1) mg / L, so after the industrial plants that contain the droppings of these metals. The nutrient values were recorded between nitrite (0.024 - 0.001) mg / Trosgelt nitrate values between (1.7 - 0.16) mg / l, recorded between ammonia (0.54 - ND) mg / L, placed at either phosphate values ranged between (0.26 - ND) mg phosphorus atom - phosphate / L, while for the values of silica fluctuated between values (5.12 to 5.1) mg atom of silicon - silica / liter. As for the study of signs bacteriological ranged the total numbers of bacteria in air through (24) hours between (555 - 0) × 10 cells / 1 ml, and ranged in numbers for a period of (48) hours between (1186 - 0) 10 × cells / 1 ml, while for the numbers of total coliform bacteria fluctuated between (1700 - 0) cells / 100 liters, and fecal coliform bacteria, they ranged (1100 - 0) cells / 100 ml, and the E.coli bacteria, the numbers fluctuated between (1100 - 0) cells / 100 ml. For to match the drinking waterproduced from the projects liquefaction research found matching the values and concentrations of brownish, and connectivity electrical and pH, and dissolved oxygen, and the requirement is vital for oxygen, and basic college, and chloride, and ten college, and magnesium, nitrite, phosphate, and the total numbers of bacteria, and the numbers of total coliform bacteria, and fecal coliform bacteria and E Coli, and silica with the standard specifications for drinking water the Iraqi and global at all stations.While the study results show non - conformity of calcium concentrations in this study with the standard specifications for drinking water of Iraq and the world.

تقييم فعالية مستخلصات مستنبت القمح Triticum aestivum في بعض الانواع البكتيرية المسببة لاخماج مختلفة == Evaluation The Activity of Germinated Wheat Extractions Triticum Aestivum on Some Bacterial Species That Cause Different Infections

اسم المؤلف: اسماء عيسى محمود
اسم المشرف: رشيد حميد حسن
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The study had included isolation and diagnosis of three hundred samples for both sexes their ages were between (1 - 60) years of the inpatients and outpatients in Tikrit Teaching Hospital and General Samarraa Hospital during the period from 1/9 / 2011 to 1/3/2012. The infections were distributed among the burns infections, the wounds, urinary tract infections (UTI) and female genital tract infections (High vagina). This study clarified that (192) sample from the total samples showed bacterial growth in percentage 64%. The results of this study indicated to the proportion 58% with (UTI) by (87) bacterial isolation were produced from (150) isolation. The percentage of burns infections were 81.81% from (55) sample which distributed among the first, second and third class burns. The burns of second and third class gave bacterial growth in a proportion 100% while the first class burns gave 64.28%. Concerning the wounds infections, bacterial growth was 62.9% from (62) sample. The infections proportion of (H.V) was 63.63% from (33) sample. The results of the current study showed that the infections in females were higher that in males with respect to (UTI), while there was not considered difference between the males and females about the burns and wounds infections. Differently, the (H.V) infections were just for the females in the ages between (18 - 45). It was clear according to the results of diagnosis that Escherichia coli had the highest proportion of isolations 25.52% from the total isolates followed by Staphylococcus aureus 18.23% Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15.63%, both Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus miribilis 10.42% Staphylococcus epidermidis 4.69% Citrobacter freundii 4.17%, Staphylococcus saprophyticus 3.64% both Serratia marcescens and Enterococcus faecalis 2.6%, Streptococcus pyogenes 1.56% and Staphylococcus intermedius had the least percentage 0.5% by one from (192) isolate. The sensitivity of these isolates was tested by (10) antibiotic which included quinolones, aminoglycosides, beta - lactams and tetracyclines antibiotics. Among these antibiotics imipenem and ciprofloxacin were more effective, while the other antibiotics were different either active or not active at all.The wheat germinating was used in this study with the ages (36 - 48) hour and its activity was tested by using some bacterial kinds. After completing several quantitative and qualitative tests on this germinating, the carbohydrates proportion was between 67 - 70%, the protein proportion by folin method was between 10 - 8%, the lipids proportion was 1.5%.Some mineral elements in germinated wheat were estimated which include Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Potassium, Copper, Manganese, Zinc, Selenium, and Sodium element, active materials were also estimated in the wheat germinating extracts which had inhibitory effect on the microbiology. It was clear by the tests that the germinating contains a lot of Phenolic compounds, Terpeniods, glycosides and steroids. These materials were extracted by using some extracts included the cold water extracts and hot water extracts, alcoholic extracts (ethanol and methanol) and phenolic extract. All the extracts prepared in concentrations (25, 50, 100, 200) mg/ ml. This study showed that the phenolic extract had high effect on the bacterial kinds in comparison with the methanolic and ethanolic extracts at (200) mg/ ml concentration while the cold water extract had less effect on these bacterial isolates in comparison with the above extracts, finally the hot water extract had no inhibitory effect against any isolated bacterial type with all the concentrations. The inhibitory action of these extracts was compared with some antibiotics as a control sample. These antibiotics represents different groups of antibiotics and which contained Imipenem, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Ceftazidime in addition to Augmentin.In this study the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the fenolic, alcoholic and watery extracts was determined and the concentration was different according to the extract type, the bacterial type and the isolation site.

التحري عن مؤشرات وراثية وفسلجية لتحمل الجفاف لصنفين من الحنطة Triticum aestivum L. == Investigation of Genetic And Physiological Markers for Drought Tolerance of Two Cultivars of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L)

اسم المؤلف: اشواق ابراهيم بشير العبيدي
اسم المشرف: شاكر مهدي صالح | عقيل حسين العاصي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تم في هذه الدراسة البحث عن امكانية ايجاد مؤشرات وراثية ترتبط بمؤشرات فسلجية وذلك من خلال الدراسة على مستويين : ا - المستوى الفسلجي : زراعة صنفين من الحنطة الناعمةL Triticum aestivum في حقول كلية الزراعة/ جامعة تكريت لموسم النمو 2010 - 2011، وذلك بزراعة بذو | This study was conducted to investigate a genetic marker linked to physiological marker through a design an outdoor experiment which includes two parts : - 1 - Physiological part : Included planting two cultivars of soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the fields of the college of Agriculture, university of Tikrit, during growth season (2010 - 2011). The stage of work had been done by cultivated the seeds of two cultivars of wheat (Sham - 6, Abu - Ghraib) in pots, when they reached the stage of (4 - 5) leaves it had been exposed to two dryness periods 7 and 10 days. It spread with growth regulator Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) (150 ppm) to know which type is more resistance for dryness through estimation of proline concentration as a physiological marker and to indicate the effect of IAA to reduce the dryness effect in some features of growth physiological function and yield component according to complete Randomize Design (CRD). Some markers of drought tolerance have been estimated including : proline content, chlorophyll concentration and the degree of membrane stability then plants were left for harvesting period. The results of the outdoor experiment were : 1 - Exposure the plants to dehydration periods during their growth caused reducing of the most studied characters (leaf area, plant height, tillers number, concentration of chlorophyll A and B and the total chlorophyll), while there was an increase in the content of the proline and the injury index of plasma membrane. 2 - Some characteristic did not showed effect by drought periods (dry weight of plant, number of days of flowering, spikes number, spike length, number of grains/ spike and weight of 1000 grains).3 - Sham - 6 cultivar was superior than Abu Ghraib - 3 in three characteristic (number of days of flowering, leaf area, weight of 1000 grains), while Abu Ghraib - 3 cultivar was superior in the grains number /spike than sham - 6 cultivar.4 - The concentration of IAA (150 ppm) had a different effect. It had a positive effect in the decrease drought for some characteristic (proline content, injury index of plasma membrane, leaf area, plant height, dry weight, spike number and grains yield).2 - Genetic part : DNA has been isolated from fresh leaves of two types of wheat, arrange yields of DNA were in the range of (40 - 150) micro gram per 1.5 gram of plant leaves, and the purity ranged between (1.2 - 1.7). The reaction PCR was done by using 11 primer of the Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA (RAPD) in addition to two pair of specific primer to detect the genes which are responsible for coding of two enzymes which involved in anabolism and catabolism of proline. The results obtained are as follows : - 1 - Five primer of RAPD did not appear any binding site (OPA - 18, OPL - 20, OPA - 11, OPQ - 17 and OPH - 14).2 - Six primer of RAPD have appeared main and monomorphic bands (OPO - 16, OPH - 07, OPN - 16, OPM - 20, OPJ - 13 and OPQ - 06), in addition to the absent of the other bands from some treatments. 3 - The two pair of specific primer have given three monomorphic bands with different molecules weight.4 - The primer (OPH - 07) has appeared a unique band with molecular weight (1670) pb for Sham - 6 cultivar during second drought period (10 days without hormone). These results obtained from this study were identical with physiological part in the ability of both types to drought tolerance

دراسة تاثير الملوثات المنبعثة من المركبات على الاشخاص في شوارع مدينة تكريت == Study The Effect of Pollutants Emitted From Vehicales Upon Blood of Workers in Tikrit City Streets

اسم المؤلف: رغد مقداد محمود الحمداني
اسم المشرف: جهاد ذياب محل الجنابي | صالح محمد رحيم العبيدي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الحياة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: استهدفت الدراسة الحالية التي جرت في شوارع مدينة تكريت قياس تراكيز بعض الغازات المهمة التي تطرحها المركبات الى البيئة وهي احادي اوكسيد الكاربون, ثنائي اوكسيد الكاربون, ثنائي اوكسيد الكبريت (CO, CO2, SO2) وكذلك دراسة نوعية مياه الامطار المتساقطة على منطقة ا | The current study which takes place in the main streets of the city of Tikrit, aims at measuring the concentrations of some essential gases which are emitted by the vehicles of the environment. These gases include Monoxide Carbon, Dioxide Carbon and Sulfur Dioxide (CO, CO2, SO2). This study also aims at investigating the quality of rainwaters which are falling on the area of the study, and conducting some biological tests for them. Moreover, this study aims to identify the effect of vehicles productions upon blood physiology and the construction of some persons who are dealing with them. The samples have been collected during September 2010 till May 2011, and then classified in terms of age and duration of exposure. Alsuqoor Village represents the control group. A sample has been collected from healthy, non - smoker males. The concentrations of some polluted gases emitted from exhausted vehicles are identified. They are significantly high in comparison with the control group and during the whole chapters of the study. The highest level of pollution value is recorded by the gases (CO, CO2, SO2) and at (p< 0.05) level in Albasha Street during the Autumn, whereas the lowest value is recorded in Alzuhoor Street, during the Winter ( ). In addition, some of rainwater characteristics have been measured such as, (Ph, electrical m and the amount of plankton in water). The obtained results show that there is a significant decrease in PH concentration and a significant increase in EC concentration. Moreover, results indicate that the highest concentration of the clot material is in Alarbaeen Street ( ) whereas, the lowest concentration is in Alzuhoor Street ( ). The level of some rare elements has been measured in the blood serum of those who are exposed to (lead, cadmium) and in different periods of times. A significant increase is recorded in the levels of those elements, in comparison with the control group (ps 0.05). As for effect of blood components of those who are exposed to pollutants, the concentrations of both (Hb, Pcv) have been decreased with an increase in the concentrations of (the number of red and white cells and ESR) in comparison with the control group at level (P<0.05). It is also noticed that there is a significant increase in the number of the neutral and acidic white blood cells with a significant decrease in the number of the moral white blood cells at the lymph cell, in comparison with the control group. Results also show that there is a significant increase (P<0.05) in the level of each (Cholesterol, Triglycerides, and Lipoproteins with low density LDL) with decreased concentrations of (High Density Lipoproteins HDL) whereas, there are no significant difference in the concentrations of (Low density Lipoproteins Very high density VLDL). Concerning the concentrations of (Urea, Uric acid, Kreatenin) there is a significant increase (P<0.05) in comparison with the control group and for all the groups of the study. The pollutants have an effect upon the average number of enzyme in the blood serum. There is a significant increase in the average of the enzymes that carry amino (ALT, AST) an enzyme phosphate in comparison with the control group. The study has also shown a significant increase in the Monoaldehyde level MDA and decrease in the glutathione level, under the effect of various pollutants. It is noticed that the blood components as well as the biochemical variable are greatly affected as the period of exposure extended and these biochemical variables become very great. Therefore, most of the differences are existed in the third group whose ages range between (40 and 49) with 9 years of work, followed by the second group whose ages range between (30 and 39) with 7 years of work. Then comes the first group whose ages range between (20 and 29) with 5 years of work, in comparison with the control group

دراسة وبائية لبعض مسببات الاسهال من الاوالي الطفيلية في المرضى المراجعين لمستشفى صلاح الدين العام في تكريت مع دراسة تجريبية لتاثير المستخلص الكحولي لنبات Lantana camara عليها في الفئران المختبرية == Epidemiological Study for Some Diarrhea Causes From Parasitism Protozoa for The Patients That Attended General Salahalddin Hospital in Tikrit With Experimental Study for The Effect of Alcoholic Extract From Lantana Camara Plant on It in Experimental Mice

اسم المؤلف: رواء محمود هاشم
اسم المشرف: توفيق ابراهيم محمد الالوسي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الحياة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة للمدة من 2010 /11/1 الى 2011/11/1.وتضمنت فحص 1002 عينة من غائط مصابين بالاسهال تراوحت اعمارهم ما بعد الولادة الى اثنتي عشرة سنة من العمر راجعوا مستشفى صلاح الدين العام في تكريت. اشتملت الدراسة على جزءين تمثل الجزء الاول بدراسة وبائية، ت | This study made on the period between (1/11/2010) to (1/11/2011) that included testing (1002) diarrhea patients excrement samples, their ages were between after birth to twelve years that had attended General Salahalddin Hospital.The study included two parts. First epidemiology study, collecting samples and making the laboratory tests that accomplish with 2 methods, the direct method and deposition method to detect the percentage of infected by some parasitism protozoa that cause the diarrhea according to a lot of standards that included, age, sex, class, nature of suckle, number of family members, the source of water, mother education, sequence of the child in his family and the season of infection, the laboratory test assured that from the total (582) , (58.08 %) are infected with parasitism diarrhea compare with other diarrhea cases that was (420) , (41.91%) and reached to the following : - The infection with E.histolytica diarrhea was (492), (%84.5) and infected with G.lamblia diarrhea was (90) , (15.46%). Number of infected males with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism as follows(8.24%)(46.39%) and infected females with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism as follows (7.21%) (46.39%).The highest infection with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism was the ages between (4 - 6)years and the percentage was as follows (4.81%, 29.89%). The highest infection with amebic tissue and G.lamblia parasitism that came from country were (9.10%, 60.82%) also noticed that the raise of infection with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism among children that their mothers had low education less than intermediate (illiteracy and intermediate) as follows (29.8%, 36.5%) for the children were infected with G.lamblia parasitism. And for children that infected with E.histolytica parasitism among children that their mothers had low education less than intermediate (illiteracy and intermediate) as follows (4.29%, 36.5%). The percentage for infants for the first 2 years had been infected with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism for the first 2 years that they depend on industrial suckle as follows (7.73 %), (41.2%). The percentage for infants above 2 years had been infected with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism for the first 2 years that they depend on industrial suckle as follows (9.10%) , (48.96%) also noticed the raise of infection with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism among the children that was the river is the water source, the percentage were as follows (8.59 %), (51.54%). And the infection with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism among the children that was the pipes system is water source the percentage were as follows (6.87%), (23.98%). the infection were very high with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism among the children that lives within crowded families, the percentage was (12.54%), (55.67%). and the infection with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism according to the seasons was dissimilar, and the highest recorded infection with E.histolytica parasitism in winter as follows (35%) and the lowest infection was (11.3%) in summer. Meanwhile the highest infection with G.lamblia parasitism (8.41%) in summer and (1.20%) in autumn.The second part studied the effect of alcoholic extraction from lantana camara plant on growth of E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism on mice. The effect was obvious for the alcoholic extraction for the mentioned plant for all extraction on the E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism in general, but the most effectiveness extraction to destroy the E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism was 1000 mlm/kgm from the alcoholic extraction for the plant lantana camara

التاثير الوقائي لعصير الليمون والمستخلص المائي للمعدنوس في منع التحصي التجريبي المستحدث باستعمال الاثيلين كلايكول وتقليل السمية الكلوية المستحدثة بالمضادين الحيويين جينتامايسين وفلوكساسين في الجرذان == The Protective Effect of Lemone Juice And Parsley Aqueous Extract in Prevent Experimental Urolithisis Induced By Ethylene Glycol And Decrease Renaltoxity Induced By Gentamicine And Floxacin Antibiotics in Rats

اسم المؤلف: صبا خير الدين ابراهيم الطائي
اسم المشرف: زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي | فدوى خالد توفيق
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى معرفة بعض التاثيرات الفسلجية والكيموحيوية والتاثيرات النسيجية للمستخلص المائي لنبات المعدنوس Petroselinum Sativum وعصير الليمون Citrus Linnaeu في كبح تكون حصى الكلى Renal calculi المستحدث بمادة الاثيلين كلايكول Ethylene glycol وال | The study aimed to searching the Physiological, Biochemical and Histological effects of the aqueous extract parsely of petroselinum sativum and lemon juice of citrus linnaeu in inhibition renal calculi formation which induced by Ethylene glycol and decreasing the nephrotoxity casead by the use of Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin antibiotics. The study included number of Physiological and Biochemical parameters : total white blood cells count (WBCS), Hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), Total cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High density lipoprotein (HDL - C), Low density lipoprotein (LDL - C), Phospholipids, Atherogenic indices levels, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Blood Urea, Serum Creatinine, Glutathione (GSH), Maloddialdehyd (MDA), Aspartate amino transferase (AST) and Alanine amino transferase (ALT) concentration, beside the measurement of calcium ions, potassium ions, and magnisum ions concentrations in male and female rat serum which had been induced Oxidatiotion stress by use (0.05) hydrogen peroxide daily for (30)days.Also anather group of rats mouthy feeded with(100 mg/kg of body whight)Ciprofloxacin and the last group of rats feeded with (80 mg/kg of body wight)Gentamicin by muscular injection daily for (14)days. the active dose of petroselinum sativum (parsley) aqueous extract and Citrus linnaeu(lemon juice)had been demonstrated as (250 mg/kg of body whight)and(1.5ml/kg of body whight) successively.the rats distributed randomly (male and female)to (13) groups included (five rats for every group) : control group, Ethylene glycol (Eg)group, (Eg)+parsely aqueous extract group, (Eg)+lemon juice group, Hydrgen peroxide(H202)group, (H202)+ parsely aqueous extract group, (H202)+ lemon juice group, Ciprofloxacin+ parsely aqueous extract group, Ciprofloxacin+ lemon juice group, Gentamicin+ parsely aqueous extract group, Gentamicin+ lemon juice group.The results showed1 - the Treatment rats with Ethylene glycol caused high significant increase (P? 0.01)in concentrations of, TC, TG, Phospholipids, 2nd and 3rd of atherogenic indices, blood urea, ALP, serum creatinine, VLDL - C, AST, WBCs and MDA, while significant (P? 0.01) decrease had been happen in the concentration of albumin, globulin, total protein, HDL - C, GSH, ALT, Hb, Ca, Ma.2 - the Treatment rats with Ethylen glycol and lemon juice and parsley produced high significant increase(P? 0.01) in concentrations of albumin, globulin, total protein, HDL - C, GSH, ALT, Hb, Ca, Ma. while significant (P? 0.01) in concentrations of, TC, TG, Phospholipids, 2nd and 3rd of atherogenic indices, blood urea, ALP, serum creatinine, LDL - C, AST, Hb, K and MDA compared whith the E G onlay.3 - Induced oxidative stress by H202 caused high significant (P? 0.01) in the concentrations of TC, Phospholipids, 2nd and 3rd of atherogenic indiced blood urea, ALP, serum creatinine, k+, AST, LDL - C, MDA and Hb while significant (P? 0.01) decrease had been happened in the concentrations of albumin, globulin, total protein, HDL - C, GSH, ALT and 1st atherogenic indices.4 - the Treatment rats with (H202)whith lemon juice and parsely for rats produced high significant (P? 0.01) increase in concentrations of albumin, globulin, K+ total protein, HDL - C, GSH, AST. while Increase significant (P? 0.01) in concentrations ofTC, Phospholipids, 3rd of atherogenic indices, blood urea, ALP, serum creatinine, LDL - C, AST, Hb, K and MDA compared whith the(H202) Only.5 - The results of Treatment the animals with Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin produced high significant (P? 0.01) in the concentrations of TC, TG, Phospholipids, Ist atherogenic indices blood urea, glubulin while the Treatment with Ciprofloxacin caused significant increase (P? 0.01) in concentrations of serum creatinine, VLDL - C, AST, WBCs, MDA, ALT, K+ and Hb.on the another significant decrease had been oecured in the concentrations of ALP, albumin, globulin while decrease of concentrations occurred when the animal had been treated with Gentamicin : total protein, HDL - C, GSH, Hb, Mg+and Ca++.6 - The Treatment by Gentamicin+ Ciprofloxacin+ lemon juice+ parsley to the rats when compares whith rats treated only antibiotics caused high significant (P? 0.01)increase in concentrations of albumin, , globulin, total protein, HDL - C, GSH, K+, Hb and ALP. while high significant decrease happened in the concentrations of total protein, MDA, Ist and3rd atherogenic indices, blood urea, TG, serum creatinine, ALT, MDA, and VLDL - C.7 - The Treatment with Ethylene glycol caused many histological changes like preipration of calcium oxalate in kidney tubules, necrosis, recrudesce of glomerales and caused degredation to the central vein, bleeding in kidney while the two types of antibiotics Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin caused the same effects as ahave.8 - The action of lemon juice and parsely showed aprotection role against calcium oxalate precipitation and prevented the renal calculi formation or it aggregation in the kidney of the rats treated with Ethylene glycol.the action of that extract and juice were the decrease of oxidative stress damage induced by(H202)in the kidney tissue.

دراسة نسجية فسلجية لتاثيرات خلات اليورانيل والمستخلص المائي لنبات ورد لسان الثور في فعالية الغدة الدرقية في ذكور الارانب البيض == Histological And Physiological Study on The Effects of Uranyl Acetate And Aqueous Extract of Borogo Officinalis on The Activity of Thyroid Gland in Albino Rabbits

اسم المؤلف: علا صالح علي الجميلي
اسم المشرف: كوكب سليم نجم القيسي | منيف صعب احمد ساجت الجنابي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الحياة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة، للتعرف على تاثير خلات اليورانيل والمستخلص المائي لورد لسان الثور Borago officinalis (Borage) معا وكلا على انفراد في ما ياتي : - 1 التركيب النسجي للغدة الدرقية. - 2 مستوى هرمون T3و T4وTSH. - 3 معايير الدم (التعداد الكلي لخلايا الدم ال | The aim of this study was to determined the effects of uranyl acetate and aqueous extract of Borago officinalis(Borage) alone or when they are given toghther the following : 1 - The histological structures of the thyroid gland.2 - Serum concentration T4, T3, TSH Hormones.3 - The blood parameters (WBC, PCV, Hb, Platelet and ESR). A total 30 mature males(Albino Rabbit) were used in this study, and their weights were recorded before and after the experiment. Animals were divided into five groups and administrated by using oro - gastric tube and included these following groups : 1 - (G1) which was given drinking water and considered as control group. 2 - (G2) group treated with uranyl acetate which was given orally only (50mg/kg body weight) for one month.3 - Group G3 which was treated with uranyl acetate with the same concentration used in (G2), then just after one hour they were post - administrated of with aqueous extract of Borage (adose of 5 ml concentration 10%).4 - (G4) group of animals treated with aqueous extract of Borage and adose of 5 ml concentration 10%.5 - (G5)which was pre - treated with uranyl acetate with concentration similar to the dose in (G2) for after one month, then post - administrated of with aqueous extract of Borage at a dose 5 ml concentration of 10%.At the end of the experiments (one month) blood sample was drawn by heart puncture and then ansethized by using ether, animal were killed and thyroid gland prepare for histological study. The following results were recorded : 1 - A significant decrement (p<0.05) in the mean of animals weight (G2, G3, G5) while there are no significant differences in the (G4)as compared with G1.2 - A significant increment (p<0.05) in the mean of (Hb, PCV) of group G2 where as group G3 showed no significant difference.While group G4 and G5 showed decreased as compared with G1.3 - A significant increment (p<0.05) in the mean of WBC in (G2, G3 and G5) while G4 showed no significant difference as compared G1.4 - A significant increment (p<0, 05) in the (G2, G4 and G5) while G3 there are no significant difference as compared G1.5 - A significant increment (p<0.05) in the mean of platelet in (G2, G3and G4) while there are no significant differences as compared with G1.6 - A significant increment (p<0.05)T4 hormone level, in the (G2, G4) while G5 showed a significant decreased where as G3 showed no significant difference as compared with G1.7 - A significant decrement (p<0.05) in the T3 hormone level in the (G2, G4 and G5) while there are no significant differences in the G3 in comparison with G1.8 - A significant decrement (p<0.05)in TSH hormone level in the G2 while no significant changes in the (G3, G4) and a significant increment in the G5 in comparison with G1. Histological results of thyroid gland 1 - A degenerative changes were observed in the epithelial tissues of thyroid gland in the (G2) due to direct effect of uranyl acetate and loss of cell style aggregation in addition to infiltration with inflammatory cells, with loss of depletion of colloid from thyroid follicles.2 - G3 showed normal thyroid cells and thyroid follicles filled with colloid fluid as compared with control group.3 - The result of histology examination of thyroid of group have shown presence of some follicles that contain colloid while ether lack theis colloid.4 - Characterized thyroid follicles cells (G5) lining simple cuboidal tissue but it contains more than one row of cells, suggesting a hyperplasia, but these effects are less negative compared with (G2).From this study we can concluded that uranyl acetate have negative effect on thyroid cells and the chemical substance of aqueous extract of Borago offcinalis inhibit the negative impact of uranyl acetate on thyroid cells in awide aspects of this study, and the aqueous extract of Borago offcinalis have high effect in regulation of thyroid function

دراسة تاثير النفط الخام وهايدروكسيد الامونيوم على بعض صفات الترب ونمو نبات الشعير الابيض == Study The Effect of Crude Oil And Ammonium Hydroxide on Some Characteristics of Soils And Plant Growth of Barley White

اسم المؤلف: براء محمد ابراهيم
اسم المشرف: جهاد ذياب محل الجنابي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: البيئة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • البيئة - التلوث البيئي
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: شمل البحث دراسة انتشار المخلفات النفطية وهايدروكسيد الامونيوم في مقاطع لاربعة ترب مختلفة النسجة وهي التربة (المزيجية الرملية، المزيجية الغرينية، المزيجية الطينية 1، والمزيجية الطينية 2)؛ اجريت التجربة باستخدام صندوق مصنوع من الخشب الغير منفذ للماء؛ اذ قسم | Research involved studying the spread of oil residues and hydroxide ammonium in excerpts of four soils of different Texture, the soil (sand, gypsum, Loam, and clay); experiment was carried out using a box made of wood and non - port of the water; it was divided into four sections with barriers, wooden supported tin galvanized to ensure that Waste oil spread between the different types of soils, left central Hole made of tin and galvanized perforated and lined with container made of filter paper. Container filled with waste oil and allowed to seep into sections of the four soils through the holes, where waste oil was allowed to spread for 45 days, after which a series of analyzes were conducted to look for oil residue in the soil sections of the experiment. Then added ammonium hydroxide liquid substance in the central Jura and left for 45 days also were conducted after a series of analyzes to determine the changes and the effects on the soil material and components; was also white barley cultivation, After two months of growth, a set of analyzes were conducted Hordeun vulgare Barley and whose scientific name to find out the impact of oil on the chemical characteristics and uptake of heavy metals.Results were recorded the highest prevalence rate of the waste by 218.5 ppm in the Loam soil in depth 15 cm, while the lowest in the clay soil at the depth of 45 cm 44.8 ppm, while in the sandy soil did not happen the spread in the depths of 15 cm and 30 cm; also recorded the highest connectivity Power in the Loam soil 5.37 Micro Smenz / cm and recorded clay soil less connectivity, electric 1.81 Micro Smenz / cm; and when measuring the pH was recorded sandy soil 8.3, while they recorded the soil gypsum 7.5 As for the relative humidity in the soil recorded soil Loam the highest percentage is 93.55% in while the lowest percentage recorded in the soil moisture gypsum 57.90%. Were measured concentration of heavy metals such as cobalt, where the highest concentration in sandy soils 15.40 ppm while the lowest concentration him in the clay soil 7.10 ppm; and cadmium, where the highest concentration in soil gypsum 58.10 ppm in return was the lowest concentration of cadmium 14.60 part million in the clay soil; and when measured the highest concentration of lead found in the soil has Loam reaching 122.80 ppm was the lowest concentration of lead in soil clay 71.90 ppm.Reached the highest value of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in plants grown in clay soils (3.21, 2.96) Eq ml / g, respectively, while the highest concentration of phosphorus, chlorine, magnesium, sodium, calcium, and potassium in the soil clay (5.6, 15.9, 2.9, 16.4, 20.1, 46) ppm, respectively;As for the heavy elements (chromium, cobalt, cadmium, lead, and iron) have the highest concentrations in plants grown in soil gypsum, as was (0.98, 0.24, 0.70, 0.31, 14) ppm.While the lowest value for chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in plants grown in sandy soil (1.62, 1.24) Eq ml / g, while the lowest concentration of elements (phosphorus, chlorine, magnesium, sodium, calcium and potassium) in plants grown in sandy soil reaching (4.2, 4.1, 1.2, 5.9, 1.2, 12.2) ppm, the lowest concentrations of heavy elements were recorded in the sandy soil as well as the (0.03, 0.12, 0.20, 0.20, 8.3) ppm.

دراسة مجتمع الديدان الحلقية قليلة الاهلاب بنهر الفرات في المسيب - العراق == Study of Aquatic Oligochaetes Community In The Euphrates River In Al - Mussayab / Iraq

اسم المؤلف: الهام عبيد صالح الجنابي
اسم المشرف: هيفاء جواد جوير
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية العلوم للبنات
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد ديدان قليلة الاهلاب المائية مجموعة حيوانية تضم انواعا مهمة من الناحية الاقتصادية والعلمية كونها غذاء جيدا للاسماك، ودورها في النظام البيئي بوصفها مؤشرات حياتية معروفة في تقييم نوعية المياه ودرجة تلوثها. وبسبب قلة الدراسات التشخيصية وعدم وجود قائمة خ | Aquatic oligochaete worms is an animal group that contains important species, economically speaking as its being a good fish food, and its scientific role in the ecosystem as well known bio - indicator for assessment water quality and evaluate the degree of water pollution. Due to little identification studies available about this group, and the absence of Iraqi checklist of species, the idea of the current study came, which concerned with the community of aquatic oligochaetes worms in the middle sector of the Euphrates River. Three sites have been chosen for this purpose, the first site is on the Euphrates River in the district of River at Al - Mussayab city (S1) and two streams branched from it, including Al - Mashroo'a stream (S2) and Abu - alasafeer stream (S3).These sites are characterized by sediment texture ranged from silt - sandy sediment in S1, sandy in S2 and Sandy - Clay in S3, the percentage of organic matter in the sediment ranged between1.8 - 2.6 % in S1, 0.7 - 1.9% in S2, and 4.8 - 6.4 % in S3. As far as plants concern, the presence of reed plant Phragmites australis, Potamgeton crispus plant, Hydrilla verticellata plant, and some filamentous algae in all study sites.Total of 1720 individuals of aquatic oligochaeta have been sorted out during the study period from all sites representing 37 species belong to the family Lumbricidae, Tubificoid naidid worms, Naidid worms of subfamily Naidinae and subfamily Pristininae, and finally, family Aeolosomatidae. Eleven species were considered as new records for Iraq. Regarding study sites, S2 recorded a least number of individuals and number of species, while the number of individuals and number of species were converged at S1 and S3. Results of the Species Richness Index showed that the highest value was recorded at the S3 and reached 8.37, while Species Uniformity Index, ranged between the highest value of 1.88 at the S3 and lowest value of 1.60 in S2, and finally in S1 it was 0.85. Shannon - Weiner diversity Index, recorded its highest value of 6.33 bits / individual in the S3, and lowest value has in of 2.78bits/individual in S1, but it was 4.80 bit / individual in S2. The Results of Jacquard Presence - Community values of similarity showed that the highest degree of similarity is (58.62%) recorded betwen S1 and S2. One species of family Lumbricidae was recorded that is Eiseniella tetraedra in S2.This family recorded a percentage of 3% of the total isolated worms. Total of 584 individuals of Tubificoid naidid worms were sorted with a percentage 34% of the total number of worms and they were identify as nine species included Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, L. profundicola, L.claparedeanus, Tubifex tubifex, Aulodrilus pigueti, Peloescolex tenuis, Potamothrix hammoniensi, Rhyacodrilus coccineus, and finally Branchiura sowerbyi which recorded the highest percentage of 65.24% of the total tubificoid naidid worms with the highest frequency of 100%, followed by L. hoffmeisteri with a percentage of 16.95% and the frequency percentage of 85.19%, while the remaining species recorded close proportions ranged between 1 - 2%. Peloscolex tenuis was considered as a new record for Iraq, where10 individuals of this species were sorted with a percentage of 1.71%, and a frequency percentage of 3.70 %.Total of 47 individuals of subfamily Pristininae, were sorted, represented five species, including two species of genus Pristinella, P obsorni, and P. sima, and three species of genus Pristina, identified as, P. longiseta, P. aequiseta, and P. foreli, with a highest percentage of 53.19%, and a highest frequency of 14.81% were recorded by P. longiseta. A total of 788 individuals of subfamily Naidinae were sorted represent 20 specie includes Chaetogaster diastrophus, Stephensoniana trivandrana Paranais litoralis, P.frici, Ophidonais serpentina, Slavina appendiculata, S.isochaeta, Specaria josinae, Stylaria lacustris S. fossularis, Dero(Dero) evelinae, D.(D.) nivea, D. (Aulophorus) furcatus, Nais simplex, N.pseudobtusa, N. stolci, N. variabilis, N. elinguis, N. pardalis, Allonais inaequalis. Nine species of which were recorded for the first time in Iraq (in Bold). Species S. lacustris recorded the highest frequency percentage of 59.25%, and the highest individuals number 0f 187 was recorded by both S. lacustris and O. serpentine. Finally, 207 individuals of family Aeolosomatidae were identified into two species, Aeolosoma variegate and A. hemprichi. The first species recorded the highest percentage of 82.61% and a frequency percentage of 33.33%, and the second species recorded a percentage of 17.39% and a frequency percentage of 29.64%. The study also included a description of the identified species with photos illustrations of the identification characteristics of each species.

تاثير عقار البريدنيزولون في بعض مناسيب الدم الهرمونية والكيموحيوية لدى مرضى الربو القصبي من الرجال في محافظة النجف الاشرف == Effect of Prednisolone Medicine On Some Hormonal And Biochemical Levels In Bronchial Asthma Patients of Men In Al - Najaf Governorate

اسم المؤلف: نور زهير جاسم
اسم المشرف: ارشد نوري غني الدجيلي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية لمعرفة تاثير عقار البريدنيزولون في بعض المناسيب الهرمونية والكيموحيوية لدى مرضى الربو القصبي من الرجال, اذ اجريت هذه الدراسة في مستشفى الصدر التعليمي في محافظة النجف الاشرف \ مركز الحساسية والربو للمدة من 1\7\2011 الى 1\1\2012. تم فحص | The present study was concerned to investigate the effect of prednisolone medicine in some of hormonal and biochemical levels in patients with bronchial asthma of men. The study was carried out in Sadr Teaching Hospital in Najaf City \ Center of Allergy and Asthma for the period from 1 \ 7 \ 2011 and up to 1 \ 1 \ 2012, (56) blood samples from men with bronchial asthma and who treated by prednisolone were tested. As well as a Healthy group consisting of (24) healthy persons who do not suffer from any health problems, the effect of medicine was tested on study levels. The statistical analysis of the results revealed that there was a significant increase (P<0.05) in the concentration of Triiodothyronine Hormone (T?) in patients with bronchial asthma of men who treated by prednisolone compared with Healthy group. The statistical results also showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the concentration levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Follicle - Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Testosterone Hormone in asthmatic group compared with Healthy group. The results of the biochemical investigations revealed a significant increase (P<0.05) in the concentration of Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and liver enzymes Alkaline Phosphatase ALP, Alanine & Aspartate Transaminase (ALT, AST), and lack of significant difference in the concentration of High - Density Lipoproteins (HDL) in the asthmatic group compared with Healthy group. The results of the current study also exhibited a significant increase (P<0.05) in the concentration of T? for the age group (21 - 30) years of the patient group, whereas the same asthmatic group recorded a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the concentration of FSH, LH and Testosterone Hormone in compared with Healthy group. The results of the study revealed a significant increase (P<.05) in the concentration of Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL and alkaline phosphatase ALP for the age group (41 - 50) years in asthmatic patients compared with Healthy group. The results of the current study also showed that the concentration of the TSH, FSH, LH and Testosterone Hormone had declined significantly (P<0.05) in asthmatic group who treated by prednisolone for (16 - 20) years compared with Healthy group. The concentration of Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides and liver enzymes Alkaline Phosphatase, Alanine Transaminase and Aspartate Transaminase (ALP, ALT and AST) had risen significantly (P<0.05) in asthmatic group who treated by the prednisolone for (16 - 20) years compared with Healthy group. The current study concluded that Treatment with prednisolone has hormonal and biochemical effects on bronchial asthmatic patients in all ages

انتشار القراد الصلب Ixodidae : Acari وعلاقته مع بعض الاوالي السبورية في بعض المناطق المحيطة بمدينة تكريت == Bovine's Hard Ticks (Acari : Ixodidae) And Their Relation With Some Haemosporian Parasites in Tikrit Rural Boundaries

اسم المؤلف: الاء عماد توفيق التكريتي
اسم المشرف: توفيق ابراهيم محمد الالوسي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الحياة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت الدراسة الحالية مسحا للقــراد الصلب المتطفل على الابقار في بعض المناطق المحيطة بمركز مدينة تكريت وللفترة من 1/10/2010 ولغاية 30/7/2011، وقد جمعت العينات من مناطق العلم والبو عجيل وعوينات والمحزم. اختير لاتمام هذه الدراسة مضيف واحد هو الابقار لما له | Ectoparasitic Ioxdae (hard ticks) of cattle were surveyed from five rural stations near by Tikrit city/Iraq since 1st. October 2010Till 30 th. Jully 2011. The sampling stations as fellows : Alam , Albo - Ajeel, Ewanat and al - Mahzam.It he neer chosen only oneHost which is caw.The tick speciemens were collected from one to foure - year cattle host with both sexes. It was found that theHost was infested with two ixodid species ; Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum and Boophilus annulatus. H. anatolicum anatolicum was the dominant one in all the survey stations.It has been recorded in this study which carry for the first timprovince of Salah EL - Din on tick and disease which is transmittd. The species of Hyalomma anatolicum represent a high percent of infection in the province. As well as the present study showed the presence of relation between temperature and infection by ticks. This study showed that the ticks were aparasitic on ears, nipples and percenal regoin.In comparison between (67.16 %) to (47.82%) for Alam and Al - Mahzam respectively. The presence study included also Exploring the parasitic disease transmitted by tick, That shown infection of cows by three type of parasite which are Theileria, Babesia and Anaplasma from both sex. where Theileria recorderd the high percent (54.65 %) fllowed by Anaplasma ( 23.97 %) and last percent Babesia (13.77 %). while mixed infection the ratios were (50.68 %, 34.24 %, 15.06 %) respectively.

دراسة تاثير المستخلص المائي لنبات اللهانة على مستويات هرمونات الدرقية، الاجهاد التاكسدي وعدد من المعايير البيولوجية في الارانب == Study The Effect of Cabbage Aqueous Extract on The Thyroid Hormones Levels, Oxidative Stress And Some Biological Parameters in Rabbits

اسم المؤلف: سرى سمير محمد الدوري
اسم المشرف: زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي | صاحب جمعة عبد الرحمن
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى معرفة بعض تاثيرات المستخلص المائي لنبات اللهانة ((Brassica oleracea على مستويات هرمونات الغدة الدرقية الثايرونين ثلاثي اليود Triiodothyronine (T3) والثايروكسين (Thyroxine (T4والهرمون المحفز للدرقية Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH | The aim of the present study was to investigate some effects of the aqueous extract of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L) on the Thyroid hormones concentrations Triiodothyronine T3, Thyroxine T4 and Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Body weight rate, and some physiological and biochemical parameters such as the total count of leukocytes (WBCs), packed cell volume (PCV) and concentrations of Hemoglobin (Hb), Glucose, Total Cholesterol(TC), Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL - C), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL - C), Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL - C), Phospholipids, Atherogenic indices levels, Uric acid, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Serum Creatinine Blood urea, glutathione(GSH), Malondialdehyde(MDA), Peroxynitrite radical(ONOO - ) Ceruloplasmin(Cp), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in sera of male rabbits exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (0.5%) with drinking water along the period of experiment (30) days, with comparison the effect of the cabbage extract with the effect of carbimazole (anti - thyroid drug) to induce Hypothyroidism.For the purpose of this study, preliminary experiments were carried out to find the most effective dose of the cabbage extract and this dose was (300 mg/kg body weight).Rabbits (8 - 10 months age) and (950 - 1560 gm weight) were determined randomly divided into five groups, each group includes five replicates These groups are : The control group, cabbage aqueous extract group, cabbage aqueous extract and H2O2 group, carbimazole drug group and H2O2 GroupThe results showed the following : 1 - Treatment the animals with cabbage aqueous extract caused significant decrease (P<0.05) in Hb, PCV and concentrations of T3 hormone, T4 hormone, TC, LDL - C, phospholipids, second atherogenic index, blood urea, serum creatinine, albumin, MDA, (ONOO - ) radical and Cp, While it caused significant increase in weights, TSH hormone, TG, VLDL - C, glucose, globulin and GSH compared with the control group. While no significant variations were observed in total (WBCs) and concentrations of AST, ALT, HDL - C, atherogenic index (first and third), uric acid and total protein compared with the control group. 2 - Treatment of rabbits with carbimazole drug showed significant decrease in levels of body weight, Hb, PCV, and concentrations of T3 hormone, HDL - C, blood urea, albumin, glucose, GSH and Cp. This treatment showed as well a significant increase in T4 hormone, TSH hormone, ALT, TG, uric acid, VLDL - C, serum creatinine and atherogenic indices levels, Whereas showed no significant variations in total (WBCs), AST, TC, LDL - C, phospholipids, total protein, globulin, MDA and (ONOO - ) radical compared with the control group. 3 - Compared with the control group the oxidative stress induced by H2O2 caused significant decrease in concentrations of Hb, T3 hormone, HDL - C, albumin, GSH and Cp, While this stress showed a significant increase in total (WBCs), T4 hormone, ALT, TG, VLDL - C, phospho - lipids, atherogenic indices levels, serum creatinine, glucose, MDA and (ONOO - ) radical. However no significant variations were observed in weights, TSH hormone, PCV, AST, TC, LDL - C, uric acid, blood urea, total protein and globulin compared with the control group.4 - The Treatment of rabbits under oxidative stress with cabbage extract showed significant decrease in Hb, PCV, T3 hormone, TC, LDL - C, phospholipids, atherogenic indices levels, blood urea, serum creatinine, albumin, GSH, MDA, (ONOO - ) radical and Cp comparison with the control group. While a significant increase was observed in weights and concentrations of T4 hormone, TG, HDL - C, VLDL - C, uric acid, glucose and globulin, While no significant variations showed in total (WBCs), TSH hormone, ALT, AST and total protein comparison with the control group.The study results revealed that the effect of cabbage aqueous extract was better than carbimazole effect as antithyroid and as antioxidant role by reduction the harmful effects of the free radicals through some improvement was observed in many physiological and biochemical activities in the body and may be used in protection and treatment many of pathological cases specially Hyperthyroidism, cancer and cardiovascular diseases.

التاثير الوقائي لعصير التفاح الاخضر والمستخلص المائي للزنجبيل في التقليل من التاثيرات الفسلجية والكيموحيوية للاشعة فوق البنفسجية والاشعة السينية في الجرذان == The Protective Effect of Green Apple Juice And Ginger Aqueous Extract in Lowering of The Physiological And Biochemical Effect From Ultraviolet Ray And X - Ray in Rats

اسم المؤلف: عبير امين مصطفى الامين
اسم المشرف: زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي | منى حسين جانكير
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: صممت الدراسة الحالية لمعرفة التاثير الوقائي لعصير التفاح الاخضر (Malus domestica) والمستخلص المائي للزنجبيل (Zingiber officinale) من التاثيرات الضارة نتيجة التعرض للاشعة فوق البنفسجية والاشعة السينية في ذكور واناث الجرذان البيض لمدة ثلاثة ايام من خلال قيا | This study is designed to evaluate the protective effect of Green Apple (Malus domestica) juice and the aqueous extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale) against the side effect of Ultraviolet ray (UV) and X - ray in male and female albino rats for three days by examined some physiological and biochemical effects and histotoxicity in liver and kidney tissues. The rats with age (5 - 7) months and weight (250 - 350) g were divided into 16 groups (5 rats for each group) : group (1) control group received drinking tab water and ideal diet, group (2) Ultraviolet ray group only for half hour, group (3) Ultraviolet ray group only for one hour, group(4) UV group for half hour + green apple juice (2 ml/kg), group (5) UV group for half hour + green apple juice (4 ml/kg), group (6) UV group for one hour + green apple juice (2 ml/kg), group (7) UV group for one hour + green apple juice (4 ml/kg), group (8) UV group for half hour +ginger abstract (1000mg/kg), group (9) UV group for half hour +ginger abstract (2000mg/kg), group (10) UV group for one hour +ginger abstract (1000mg/kg), group (11) UV group for one hour +ginger abstract (2000mg/kg), group (12) X - ray group only, group (13) X - ray group+ green apple juice (2 ml/kg), group (14) X - ray group+ green apple juice (4 ml/kg), group (15) X - ray group+ ginger abstract (1000mg/kg), group (16) X - ray group+ ginger abstract (2000mg/kg).The study result showed that : 1. The radiation exposed rats by Ultraviolet ray for half hour and one hour and exposed group to X - ray only caused significant elevation in total count of leukocytes (WBCs), Platelets count, and in the level of blood sugar (glucose), Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride (TG), Low density lipoprotein - cholesterol (LDL - C), Very low density lipoprotein - cholesterol (VLDL - C), Phospholipids, Atherogenic indices levels, Urea, Creatinine, Malondialdehyde, Peroxy nitrate radical, and a significant decrease in Packed cell volume (PCV), Haemoglobin (Hb), count of Erythrocytes (RBCs), High density lipoprotein - cholesterol (HDL - C), total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Uric acid, Glutathione compared with control group.2. when the groups treated by green apple juice (2, 4 ml/kg) and the aqueous extract of ginger (1000, 2000 mg/kg) after that exposing rats to the radiation by Ultraviolet ray for half hour and the exposing groups to Ultraviolet ray for one hour only and the exposing groups to X - ray only showed significant reduction in total count of leukocytes (WBCs), Platelets count, and in the level of blood sugar (glucose), total Cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), Low density lipoprotein - cholesterol (LDL - C), Very low density lipoprotein - cholesterol (VLDL - C), Phospholipids, Atherogenic indices levels, Urea, Creatinine, Malondialdehyde, Peroxy nitrate radical, and a significant increase in Packed cell volume (PCV), Haemoglobin (Hb), count of erythrocytes (RBCs), High density lipoprotein - cholesterol (HDL - C), total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Uric acid, Glutathione compared with groups exposed to Ultraviolet ray only for half hour.3. The Exposing radiation of the rats groups by Ultraviolet ray and X - ray that lead to makes changes in tissues and many abnormalities in animals liver and kidney of these groups, in liver this included necrosis and degeneration in the hepatocytes and fibrosis and observed Atrophy hepatocytes and that lead to loss its normal shape and observed infiltration of Lymphocyte and many ceases of Central vein damage and degeneration of epithelial cells and that caused hemolysis and hemorrhage cases and appear of RBCs in tissue sections. While in Kidney the tissue abnormalities included necrosis and degeneration the epithelial cells of tubules and damage cases of glomerulus, tubeules and blood vesscles and degeneration of epithelial cells and that lead to hemorrhage cases in most area and combined with Infiltration of Lymphocyte.4. when the animals groups treated by green apple juice (2, 4 ml/kg) and the aqueous extract of ginger (1000, 2000 mg/kg) after that exposing rats to the radiation by Ultraviolet ray and X - ray, this abnormalities happened but more less, and observed the normals shaped in some area of tissues sections. The result showed the important and the ability of Green Apple juice (Malus domestica) and the aqueous extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in protect against the side effect of Ultraviolet ray and X - ray in male and female albino rats

دراسة تشخيصية لانواع تحت العائلة Tubificinae (قليلة الاهلاب : نايديدي) من بيئات مائية مختلفة داخل مدينة بغداد - العراق == An Identification Study On Subfamily Tubificinae (Oligochaeta : Naididae) From Different Aquatic Habitat In Baghdad / Iraq

اسم المؤلف: افراح محمد علوان الجبوري
اسم المشرف: هيفاء جواد جوير
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية العلوم للبنات
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: انواع تحت العائلة Tubificinae ديدان مائية حمراء اللون يتراوح طولها مابين 1سم الى عدة سنتمترات وقطرها حوالي 1ملم تنتمي الى العائلة Naidiadae، الصنف الثانوي قليلة الاهلاب، صنف السرجيات التابع لشعبة الديدان الحلقية، وتسمى عاميا" بديدان الوحل. تقطن هذه المجم | Species of Subfamily Tubificinae are aquatic red worms, their length ranged between 1cm to several centimeters, and their diameter about I mm, and they are classified with Family Naididae, subclass Oligochaeta, class Clitellata, phylum Annelida. They are commonly called "sludge worms". This group inhabit the rivers, lakes and ponds sediment, and some species also found in marine habitat, they are considered as one of the main benthos components specially in freshwater, with increase abundance in soft sediment rich in organic matters. Sludge worms individuals are hermaphrodite, reproduced sexually by cross - fertilization, eggs led in cocoon and hatched directly without any larval stage. They are also reproducing asexually by ArchitomyAccording to the economic importance of this worms as good food for fish, their ecological role as well known bio - indicators, little studies about their identification were available and absence of check list of their species in Iraq, the present investigation idea was come to concern primarily with sorting and identification of subfamily Tubificinae from River Tigris and some water surface in Baghdad /Iraq. For this purpose six study sites were chosen, including a drainage canal, North Baghdad (S1); three sites on the shore of River Tigris (S2, S3 & S4) ; in addition to site in Al - Jeish canal, East Baghdad (S5), finally the sixth site was from pond in Al - Zawra'a park, within the center of Baghdad (S6). These sites were characterized by sedimenet rang from clay, silty - clay to silty with a percentage of organic matter ranged between higher percentage of 9.9% in site S5 and 0.7% as a lowest percentage in site S1. According to water temperature, salinity and pH values, they were identical in all study sites.3628 individuals were sorted from 24 samples collected from all study sites. The sorting results revealed that the highest number of worms (1346 ind.) recorded in site S5, while the lowest number (326ind.) recorded in site S4. Twelve species were identified belonging to seven genera, and Limnodrilus was the most dominant genus. Five species were considered as new records to Iraq, which are L. silvani in S6, P. hammoniensis & Monopylophorus irroratus in P. moravicus in S2 and Rhyacodrilus cocciensis in S6.Five species of Limnodrilus were recorded, including L. hoffmeisteri, L. claparadienus, L. profundicola, L. udekemianus, and L. silvani with a percentage of 52%, 1.40%, 4%, 10.03% and 0.35% for each species respectively. Two species of Potamothrix were recorded which are P. bavaricus and P. hammoniensis with a percentage of 2% and 2.05% respectively, in addition to Branchiura sowerbyi, Psammoryctides moravicus, Tubifex tubifes, Rhyacodrilus cocciensis, and Monopylophorus irroratus with a percentage of 26.07%, 0.33%, 3%, 0.27, and 0.24 respectively. The higher frequency percentage of 100% was recorded by L. hoffmeisteri and B. sowerbyi.High densities of Tubificinae were recorded during all study period. Higher density of 6882 ind./m2 was recorded during in site S1; 4296 ind/m2 in site S2 ; 4496 ind/ m2, ind/ m2in site S3; 3730 ind/ m2 in site S4; 15218 ind/ m2 in site S5 and 7026 ind/ m2 in site S6.The results of relative abundance revealed that L. hoffmeisteri was the dominant species in site S3 and abundant in other study sites. B. sowerbyi was abundant in all study sites, while other species were recorded between few to rare species except L. udekemianus which was abundant in site S5, and T. tubifex in site S4. It was clear from species richness index, Shannon - Wiener diversity index, and species uniformity index, that the highest value for each index was recorded during cold months (Dec. - Feb.), 1.47, 2.83bit/ind, and 1.17 respectively, while the result of cluster analysis depending on Jaccard index of similarity revealed that the highest similarity of 80% found between S1& S6.The investigation also includes description of identified species and photos of identification criteria for each species. B. sowerbyi was easily recognized from other species by having gill filaments at the posterior end of the body. Species of Limnodrilus were characterized by the absence of hair chaetae, and they are differentiated by the shape of penis sheath, due to the close similarity of chaetal shapes, with the exception of L. udekemianus in which its anterior chaetae characterized by long and curved dorsal tooth. Species of Potamothrix were recognized by the presence of a pair of spermathecal chaetae, its shape was used to differentiate between P. hammoniensis, which have long gutter - shape and P. bavaricus, which have plade - like shape with triangle base. P. moravicus also have spermathecal chaetae but it was differed from that of Pomatothrix species by its long and narrow shape. T. tubifex was identified by its tub - shaped penis sheath, while R. cocciensis, was recognized by their penial chaetae in segment NO. XI, and M. irroratus by the presence of pseudopenis and its sheath.

تاثير المستخلص الكحولي الخام لاوراق الجت (Medicago sativa) على بعض المعايير الفسلجية والكيموحيوية في اناث الجرذان المستحثه بمادة الالوكسان == Effects of Crude Alcoholic Extract of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa) Leaves On Some Physiological And Biochemical Parameters In Alloxan Induced Diabetic Female Rats

اسم المؤلف: حوراء سليم محمد طه بشيبش
اسم المشرف: عبد الزهرة كاظم محمد علي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة في مختبر البحوث السريرية في كلية الصيدلة ومختبر فسلجة الحيوان في كلية العلوم / جامعة الكوفة للمدة من 15 / 9 /2011 الى 12 /3 /2012 للتقصي عن فعالية المستخلص الكحولي الخام لاوراق نبات الجت Medicago sativa L. في تخفيض مستوى سكر الدم وبعض ال | This study was conducted at the Clinical researches laboratory/ Pharmacy College and Animal physiology laboratory/ Sciences College / university of Kufa during the period from 15/ 9/ 2011 to 12 / 3/ 2012 to investigate the activity of the crud alcoholic extract of the alfalfa (Medicago sativa L). leaves in affecting the blood glucose level and some physiological and biochemical changes due to induced diabetes mellitus by alloxan (150) mg/kg in female albino rats (Ratus ratus), in comparison with the activity of the reference drugs Glibenclamide. This study was also used to know the effect of the extract in normal (healthy) female rats. In this study (54) female rats were utilized which were divided into (9) groups with 6 rats for each group. Diabetes mellitus was induced in (30) female rats, were distributed into 5 sub groups. One of them was considered as control group for the infected rats, and three groups of them were treated with different concentrations of the extract (250, 500 and 750)mg/kg while the fifth group was treated by the chemical drug Glibenclamide (0.6) mg/kg. The other 24 normal rats were also divided into 4 sub groups, one of them considered as control group. And the other three groups were treated with the extract concentrations (250, 500 and 750)mg/kg. The treating period with the plant extract and the drug continued for 30 day.Results of this study were as the following : ? A significant (P< 0.05) decrease was showen in total body weight, insulin hormone and HDL - c levels, total WBC and RBC count in addition to Hb concentration in infected group of diabetes mellitus in comparison with healthy control group.? A significant (P< 0.05) increase was clear in the levels of glucose, TC, TG, LDL - c, VLDL - c, urea, creatinine and ALT and AST enzymes in infected group in comparison with healthy control group.? The healthy rats that treated with the extract concentrations were showed a significant increase in their total body weight at the end period as compared with the first day of experiment, there was also a significant (P < 0.05) increase in body weights of the infected rats that were treated by the two concentrations (500, 750) mg/kg of extract as compared with infected control group.? The infected rats that treated by all three concentration of plant extract and the glibenclamid drug were exhibited a significant (P< 0.05) increase in insulin level as compared with infected control group.? on the other hand, it was also showen a significant (P< 0.05) decrease in glucose level of infected rats that have been treated by the three concentrations and the (0.6) mg/kg concentration of glibenclamid as compared with infected control group.? The levels of TC, TG, LDL - c, VLDL - c were significantly (P< 0.05) decreased, in contrast a significant increase was occurred in the level of HDL - c in infected rats when they treated by all the concentrations of plant extract as compared with infected control group.? The urea and creatinine levels showed a significant (P< 0.05) decrease when the infected rats were treated by the two concentrations (500, 750) mg/kg as compared with infected control group, while in the healthy rats, the urea level showed a significant (P< 0.05) decrease as compared with healthy control group.? A significant (P < 0.05) decrease was occurred in ALT enzyme level when the infected rats were treated by all extract concentrations and the chemical drug. But AST enzyme level was significantly (P < 0.05) decrease when the infected rats were only treated with the two concentrations (500, 750) mg/kg of plant extract in addition to glibenclamid as compared with healthy control group.? The two concentrations (500, 750) mg/kg of plant extract and the concentration (0.6) mg/kg of the glibenclamid drug caused a significant (P< 0.05) increase in total RBC count, and the hemoglobin concentration, while only the larger dose of plant extract caused a significant (P < 0.05) increase in total WBC count in infected rats as as compared with infected control group.In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that the two concentrations (500, 750) mg/kg of alfalfa leaves extract gave a good results, even better than the reference drug, glibenclamid for treating diabetes mellitus, in addition to ameliorate the metabolic disorders that accompany it.

تحديد تجمعات Giardia lamblia ومعقد Entamoeba histolytica / Entamoeba dispar بالتشخيص الجزيئي (PCR) للمصابين في تكريت == Determination of Giardia Lamblia Assemblages And Entamoeba Histolytica / Entamoeba Dispar Complex By Molecular Diagnosis (Pcr) in Patient in Tikrit

اسم المؤلف: انتصار غانم عبد الوهاب الصميدعي
اسم المشرف: شهاب احمد محمد الجبوري | عقيل حسين العاصي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الاحياء المجهرية - الطفيليات
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة للمدة من كانون الثاني 2011 ولغاية كانون الاول 2011 للمرضى الراقدين والمراجعين لمستشفى تكريت التعليمي وبعض المختبرات الخاصة في مركز المدينة وضواحيها والذين يعانون اعراض مرضية مختلفه ولفئات عمرية مختلفة ترواحت بين اقل من سنة الى 61 سنة، ح | This study was conducted for the period started from January 2011 until December 2011 on inpatients and outpatients of Tikrit educational hospital and some private laboratories at Tikrit city and surrounded suburbs. Symptoms of different diseases among various age groups varies between less than one year to 61 years. The tests used the (ELISA & PCR) and the analysis of the PCR - RFLP to discriminate the infection by assemblage of Giardia lamblia and differentiate between pathogenic amoeba Entamoeba histolytica and nonpathogenic Entamoeba dispar compared with microscopical examination. The result of present study showed that (75) person who represent (37.5%) were infected by Giardia lamblia and (75) person who represent (37.5%) were infected by E.histolytica/E.dispare complex, out of (200) stool samples which have been tested by microscopical examination. Epidemiological study showed no significant difference among the sex for the two species parasites whereas a high percentage for infection recorded in group at age (1? - 10) year for Giardia lamblia and E.histolytica / E.dispar complex reach to (60%, 36%) respectively. Regarding the place of living Giardia lamblia in rural area showed infection rate of (19.5 %), while infection rate by E.histolytica/E.dispar complex reaches (22.5%) in urban area. Statistical analysis shows a high difference of significance according the source of water supply. Tap water showed high incidence for initiating infection which reaches to (93.3%) by G.lamblia and (90%) for E.histolytica/E.dispar complex. For the infection rates and their relationship to the educational level, the results show that the highest rates of infection recorded in non - educated (52%) and (73.3%) of Giardia lamblia and E.histolytica / E.dispar complex, respectively. Depending on the sample texture, the result show that oily diarrhea is more correlate with infection reaches to (33.3%) of Giardia lamblia and the watery diarrhea form 40% by E.histolytica / E.dispar complex, while simultaneous occurrence of both symptom (colic and loss of appetite) are the most symptom synchronized with infection records (44%) for Giardia lamblia and (36%) for E.histolytica / E.dispar complex. The percentage of infection by Giardia Lamblia in this study depends on the test results of the ELISA was (20%), while the percentage of infection E.histolytica/E.dispar complex was (6.7%). Testing has shown sensitivity compared to microscopic examination reaches to (22.6%) and (8%) for both parasite respectively, while the test showed a high specificity which reaches the rate (93.3%) and (100%) for both parasites respectively. Result of PCR showed a percentage of infection by E.dispar about (32%) (64 sample) from the total samples, whereas it does register any cases infection by E.histolytica. By counting the results of the PCR for the three genes (ssu rRNA + TPIA + GDH) they show a total infection by Giardia lamblia which was (10.5%) (21 samples). This study recorded percentage of infection Giardia lamblia depending on the result of the three Genes separately amounted to (4%), (5%), (3%) for (ssu rRNA, TPIA, GDH) respectively. According to the result of the analysis PCR - RFLP for GDH gene by using the enzyme NIaIV, it did not record any infection by Giardia lamblia (assemblage A), whereas (6 samples) recorded (100) by Giardia lamblia (assemblage B), by using the enzyme Rsal to determine the secondary assemblage shows that the total (6 samples) infected there are 5 samples carrying infection by two type of secondary assemblage returning to the assemblage B (assemblage BIII +BIV) and only one sample infected with (assemblage BIV). To determine the assemblage and secondary assemblage for the parasite result compared with amplification of TPIA gene with lysis by enzyme for the resulting amplification for GDH gene, resulting a ratio of (14.3%) for a sample infection by both assemblage (A+B) and secondary assemblage (BIII+BIV) together, and a ratio of (57.14%) infection by assemblage A only and (21.4%) infection by secondary assemblage (BIII+BIV) together and (7.14%) infection by BIV only.

دراسة بكتريولوجية لبيئة بعض كهوف شمال العراق والتحري عن الدور الجرثومي فيها == A Bacteriological Study on Some North Iraqi Caves Environment And Detection on The Bacterial Role in It

اسم المؤلف: امنة غانم عمر العاني
اسم المشرف: جهاد ذياب محل الجنابي | اميرة محمود محمد الراوي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة اجراء عدد من الفحوصات البيئية والبكتريولوجية على عينات الصخور ومياه النضح البالغ عددها 100 عينة والماخوذة من بعض كهوف المنطقة الشمالية في العراق التي شملت بهيري, شرانش, خنس, بجيل وانشكي للفترة ما بين تشرين الثاني - 2010 لغاية نيسان - 2011.ت | This study was included some of ecological and bacteriological tests on rocks and dripping water samples which were included 100 samples taken from some of north region caves in Iraq including Beherii, Sharanish, Khanas, Bejeel and Inishky from the period between November - 2010 to April - 2011.The results of ecological tests which represented with cave environment temperature were ranged from (13 - 24)?C and dripping water temperature were ranged from (11 - 20)?C while the results of pH values for the same sample shows simple variation between (7 - 8) for dripping water and (6 - 9) for the rocks samples. The results of geological screening and mineralization by using X - Ray Fluorescence and X - Ray - Diffraction showed that Beherii cave was mainly composed of manganese with 102 ppm comparing with other caves. While the concentration of iron and sulfur oxides were very low for all caves. The rocks of Beherii and Khanas caves were mainly composed of Dolomite (CaMg (CO3)2), Sharanish cave was composed of Calcite (CaCO3) and Dolomite with the closed ratio, while the rocks of Bejeel and Inishky were composed mainly of Calcite. The isolated bacteria in this study were identified according to cultural and morphological characteristics and biochemical tests, while the bacillus species were identified by using Microgen Bacillus Id System. Twenty two bacterial isolates were identified from total samples. There were nine (9)identified isolates from Beherii cave with 40.9% including Arthrobacter spp., Lysobacter spp., Caulobacter spp., Bacillus freudenreichii and Bacillus subtilis in with 4.5% for each isolate, while there was 18.1% of Methanogenic bacteria with its four genuses including Methanobacterium spp., Methanobrevibacter spp. Methanospirillium spp. and Methanosata spp. In Sharanish cave there was one isolate of sulfur oxidizing bacteria with 4.5 % from the total isolates. Three isolates were identified from Khanas cave included Pseudomonas spp., Xanthobacter spp., Clostridium spp. with 4.5% for each isolate. In addition, it was obtained from a cave Bejeel on six isolates included Bacillus lichiniformis, Bacillus lentus and 2 isolates of Bacillus cereus group, Streptomyces spp. and Gallionella spp. with 4.5% for each isolate and Merismopedia spp., Myxococcus Xanthus, Clostridium spp. were Isolated from Inishky cave with 4.5%for each isolate. The relation between some of bacterial species were studied by detection of the lytic ability of Lysobacter spp. and Myxococcus xanthus for Arthrobacter spp.The microbial role in caves were studied by detection of the ability of some isolated bacteria in Calcium Carbonate (calcite) formation and estimatation of calcite production, Xanthobacter spp. was the highest productive bacteria which gives0.2073 gram during 14 days comparing with other bacterial species.In addition, the effect of temperature and pH on calcite formation by Bacillus freudenreichii were studied, the results showed variation on calcite shape in 20?C and 30?C while the highest value of calcite production in pH.8 was 0.1336 gram comparing with pH.9 with 0.0190 calcite gram. The study also detected the ability of some isolated bacteria to oxidize of iron, manganese and sulfur, where Streptomyces spp. Gallionella spp. and one isolate of bacillus cereus group have shown the ability of oxidize iron on leptothrix medium while Bacillus freudenreichii, Bacillus lichinformis, Bacillus lentus, one isolate of Bacillus cereus group and Streptomyces spp. have shown the ability to the oxidize of manganese on Krumbein and Altmann Agar Medium. In addition, sulfur oxidizing bacteria has shown ability to oxidize sulfur on M.S. Agar and produce sulfuric acid as a product of the oxidation process.

دراسة تاثير مياه مجاري سامراء على نوعية المياه في نهر دجلة == A Study on The Effect of Samarra Sewage Water on The Quality of Water in Tigris River

اسم المؤلف: افراح طعمة خلف مطر البدري
اسم المشرف: حميد سلمان خميس المهداوي | ياسين حسين عويد
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: البيئة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • البيئة - التلوث البيئي
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت هذه الدراسة اختيار خمس محطات اربعة منها على نهر دجلة المار بمدينة سامراء بعد جسر سامراء والمحطة الخامسة والتي تمثل رقم 2 على مياه مجاري سامراء قبل ان تصب في مياه نهر دجلة.وقد تم اخذ العينات للمدة من شهر تشرين الاول 2010 حتى نهاية شهر ايلول 2011 وقد | The study included chosen five stations for water sampleing, four of them at Tigris river while the fifth station was chosen at samara sewage before meeting with Tigris river.Samples were collected monthly started from October 2010 until the end of September 2011. The study included the study of some physical, chemical and biological characteristics for river water and sewage and noticed the effects of sewage water on quality of these water in Tigris River, these characteristics clued in air , water temperature, electrical conductivity, pH, total dissolved solid, Total Suspseneded solid, dissolved oxygen(Do), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total hardness, calcium and magnesium hardness, chloride, alkalinity, nutrients concerteration, ( phosphate, nitrate) in addition the total number of bacteria and coliform bacteria.Water Temperature ranged through out the study ranged between (5° - 35°), while air temperature ranged between(5° - 38°) , Electrical Conductivity in the river ranged between (280 - 1480) mc/cm, where in sewage the electrical conductivity ranged between(1200 - 2180) mc/cm, while pH value tened to be slightly alkaline, it show very close value where ranged between(5.3 - 8.8). It was noticed that the pH value tened to be slightly acidic from January to August 2011. The results also show that the water were in good airation where the value of dissolved oxygen ranged between (3 - 10) mg/L in station one and stations five while the value of dissolved oxygen in stations two and three range between (2 - 6.5) mg/L.The result also showed that the concentration of total suspended solids ranged between(20 - 798) mg/L. where it has high value in April in all stations, this propably due to increase of discharge of the river which accompanied by suspended solid, while the dissolved solids in all station range between (250 - 1470) mg/L.The highest value recorded were, 1470 mg/ L on May 2011in station two.The value of total hardness for Tigris river ranged between hard to very hard(125 - 360) mgCaCO3/L in station one, four and five, whereas its value in stations two and three ranged between (200 - 925) mg/L. Calcium ion which is the cause of calcium hardness was higher than magnesium cencenrteration which is responsible of magnesium hardness, where calcium hardness ranged between (75 - 587.5) mg/ l and magnesium hardness ranged between (5 - 500) mg/l. chloride concentration ranged between (8 - 127.5) mg/l in all station, chloride cencetration in stations one, two, and five were in the allowable wnorld limit(8.5 - 68) mg/l. Alkalinity results showed that it related to carbonate and bicarbonate, and its ranged between (110 - 900) mg/l.While phosphate value ranged between(0.0106 - 1.999) µg atom - PO4/L, the lowest values were recorded in Tigris river, While the high value recorded in sewage station two, while nitrate value were fluctuated in all stations but the high value recorded in the second station is ranged between (0.0103 - 1.140) µg atom NO3/l. Result of microbiological study shown that there is high number of bacteria the average of total count of bacteria were(39.7×105، 17.31×105، 267× 105، 3.17 ×105، 0.0531×105) cell/ ml for all stations respectively, so it has been suggested that the water in Tigris river considered as polluted to very polluted while the resulty of Coliform bacteria were very high and the average number for all stations respectively as follows (209 × 105, 9809×105 , 25× 105, 1×105, 0.004×105 ( cell /ml According to these result the water is not suitable for direct drinking.Statistical analysis for most factors studied show significant differences between station one and station two and between station one and station three as well in stations four and five and there is no significant differences between station two and station three.

دراسة تاثير جنس الجنين وبعض المتغيرات الفسلجية في تراكيز بعض الهرمونات والمتغيرات الاخرى في دم الحوامل لمدينة تكريت وضواحيها == Study The Effect of Fetus Gender And Some Physiological Variables on The Concentrations of Certain Hormones And Other Variables on Pregnant Blood in Tikrit City And Its Suburbs

اسم المؤلف: مروة عصام سليمان
اسم المشرف: وهبي عبد القادر سلمان
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الحيوان - الفسلجة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: جرت هذه الدراسة في مختبرات مستشفى تكريت التعليمي ومراكز الرعاية الصحية ومختبر علوم الحياة في كلية التربية للبنات جامعة تكريت وضواحيها للفترة من تشرين الاول2011 ولغاية اذار 2012 لمعرفة تاثير مراحل الحمل وعوامل جنس الجنين وكتلة الجسم الحي وعمر الام والسكن ل | This study was conducted in the laboratories of Tikrit Teaching Hospital, health - care centers, and the laboratory of Biology in college girls education in Tikrit city and its suburbs from the period of October 2011 until March 2012. The study was performed to see the impact of the pregnancy stages; sex factors of the fetus; body mass index; the mother's age; and residence for pregnant women, in the concentration of : certain blood components (Hb, PCV, WBC); blood sugar; cholesterol; estrogen, progesterone and testosterone hormones; and (TSH, T3, and T4 hormones. The study included (90) women at different stages of pregnancy, and the number of pregnant women at every stage was (30), ranged their ages from (15 - 40) years. A sample of (10) ml blood was taken from the surveyed women. The serum was separated by the common methods of separation, and conducted thereon desired examinations, The outcomes were as follows : - 1. Superiority of the first and second stages of pregnancy significantly (P<0.05) in the concentration of (Hb, PCV), compared with the third stage. 2. Increasing the total count of white blood cells and the concentration of blood sugar and cholesterol significantly with the progress of pregnancy stages. 3. Increasing progesterone hormone concentration significantly with the progress of pregnancy stages, while the concentration of estrogen hormone decreased in the middle stage of pregnancy, and increased significantly in the first and third stages, whereas there were no significant differences in the concentrations of testosterone hormone during the different stages of pregnancy. 4. The concentration of TSH and T3 hormones were decreased significantly with the progress of pregnancy stages, while the concentration of T4 hormone was increased in the first and last stages of pregnancy.5. Superiority of male pregnancy significantly compared with the female pregnancy in the concentrations of Hb and PCV ratios during the first and second stages of pregnancy, while the opposite happened in the third stage.6. Superiority of male pregnancy significantly compared with the female pregnancy in the total count of white blood cells during the first and third stages of pregnancy.7. Superiority of male pregnancy significantly compared with the female pregnancy in the concentrations of blood sugar, while the female pregnancy surpassed significantly in the concentrations of cholesterol compared with the male pregnancy during all the pregnancy stages. 8. Superiority of female pregnancy significantly compared with the male pregnancy in the concentration of estrogen hormone in first stage, while the opposite happened in the third stage, while the male pregnancy surpassed significantly compared with the female pregnancy in the concentrations of testosterone hormone during second and third stages, as well as superiority of female pregnancy significantly compared with the male pregnancy in the concentration of progesterone hormone during the first and third stages of pregnancy, while the opposite happened in the second stage.9. Superiority of female pregnancy significantly compared with the male pregnancy in the concentrations of TSH hormone during the first stage of pregnancy, while the opposite happened in the third stage. while Superiority of male pregnancy significantly compared with the female pregnancy in the concentrations of T4 hormones during the first and second stage of pregnancy but the concentration of T3 superiority all pregnancy stages.10. A significant decrease in the values of Hb and PCV with increasing the body mass index during the second stage of pregnancy while the opposite happened in third stage of pregnancy.11. Increasing the total count of white blood cells significantly with increasing the body mass index in the first stage of pregnancy, while the opposite happened in the last stage of pregnancy. Increasing the concentration of blood sugar with increasing body mass index in first and second stages of pregnancy but concentration cholesterol decreasing significantly with increasing the body mass index.12. Decrease the concentrations of estrogen hormone significantly during first and second stages of pregnancy with increasing the body mass index for pregnant women, while a significant increase appeared in the concentration of progesterone hormone with increasing the body mass index during the second stage of pregnancy, and the opposite happened during the first and third stages. Testosterone hormone increased significantly with increasing the body mass index for pregnant women during first and second stages of pregnancy 13. A significant increase appeared in the concentrations of TSH hormone at pregnant women with decreasing the body mass index. while a significant increase for the concentration of T3 in first stage and T4 hormone increase at pregnant women during all stages of pregnancy with increasing the values of body mass index.14. No significant differences in values of Hb and PCV during the first and second stages of pregnancy for all ages, but the small ages surpassed significantly compared with the old ages during the third stage of pregnancy. while The total count of white blood cells decreased significantly with the progress of pregnant women's age during all pregnancy stages.15. The small age groups for pregnant women increased significantly in the concentration of blood sugar during the first stage of pregnancy, while they decreased significantly during the second stage of pregnancy.while Age did not affect significantly in the concentrations of cholesterol during the first stage of pregnancy, while the old age groups decreased significantly compared with the first and second age groups) 32 - 24), (23 - 15) during the second and third stages of pregnancy.16. The concentration of Estrogen hormone increased significantly with the age progress during the first and third stages of pregnancy compared with the second stage, while the concentrations of progesterone hormone decreased significantly at old ages during the first and third stages of pregnancy.The concentration of testosterone hormone was not affected significantly during the last stage of pregnancy for all ages, but it decreased significantly during the second stage of pregnancy compared with the first stage of pregnancy for all ages.17. A significant increase showed in for the concentration of TSH in first and the last stages while decreased significantly the concentration T3 and T4 hormones with the age - progress at all stages of age.18. No noteworthy impact for residence of pregnant women in all stages of age, cause its impact is very little on all the qualities covered in the present study.

دراسة معالجة مياه الفضلات لمصافي بيجي وامكانية استخدامها كمياه لري بعض الخضر == Study of Wastewater Treatment for Baiji Refinery And The Possibility of Using It As Water Some Verdures

اسم المؤلف: مريم عدنان ابراهيم
اسم المشرف: خليل ابراهيم بندر النعيمي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: البيئة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • البيئة - التلوث البيئي
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة في قسم علوم الحياة - كلية التربية - جامعة تكريت من شهر تشرين الثاني 2010 الى شهر تموز 2011 ? وكان هدف الدراسة هو معرفة بعض الصفات الفيزياوية والكيمياوية للمياه المطروحة من شركة مصافي الشمال/بيجي وامكانية استخدامها لري بعض المحاصيل الزراعية ب | This study was conducted at the Department of Biology in the College of Education - University of Tikrit. The study aims at estimating some physical and chemical characteristics of water raised from the North Refineries Company / Baiji and can be used to irrigate some crops after treatment with a number of physical methods. It also aimed at estimating some heavy elements and their impact on the growth of plants that have been studied (tomato, eggplant, sweet pepper, hot pepper). The region from which samples have been brought of the area was Albu Juwaree village that is located in the city of Baiji and adjacent to the company. Besides, it occurs near wide agricultural areas. After estimating some physical and chemical characteristics of water, soil, and the proportion of oil waste, qualities of plants were studied as well as the assessment of (carbohydrates, proteins) and some of the heavy elements and their effects on the growth of those plants.The results showed that the water of industrial waste led to a reduction in the proportion and natural growth of plants. The most affected seeds were the seeds of sweet pepper, where the total percentage of germination was(0%) when infected %)100) and the least affected seeds were the seeds of tomato, where the total percentage of germination seeds was (80%) when water is contaminated (100%). The treatment by filtering has achieved the best germination of seeds of tomato and sweet pepper, where the ratio was (100%). It turned out that contaminated water has prevented the natural growth of those plants in respect to the number and the size of leaves, the length of roots and the weight of fresh and dry leaves. The methods of physical treatment showed that lightening (25%, 50%, 75%) made to the contaminated water led to the removal of the significant effects, especially when lightening was (75%).The results indicate that there is no significant differences in the lengths of the roots of tomatoes and eggplants, except for the root of hot and sweet pepper.While the heavy elements, which was part of the study in this research, beginning with cadmium was at its highest value at the treatment by filtering and less value in (100%). Through the study it was found that the percentage of lead in all studied plants were (0.00) ppm. The Results showed that the contaminated water led to the reduction of the proportion of carbohydrates with the increase of pollution(%100), where the least proportion of carbohydrates was at the treatment by filtering. The results also showed a decrease in protein concentration with the least proportion at lightening and less value in. (25%)The results showed that the water content of contaminated industrial heavy metals studied (cadmium - lead - copper - zinc - nickel) has decreased at all treatment when treated by filtering, as well as for the remaining elements, except lead, which was (0.00) in all plants and all lightening ratios.The results of this study show that treatment of contaminated water with industrial oil waste by physical methods led to minimizing the negative impacts of such water in reducing the percentage of germination and the reduction below the natural growth compared with non - treatment water and showed that the best way of treatment for the best growth of plants were lightening with (75%) and treatment by filtering. The best response to the treatment was tomato and the most resistant to pollution were (tomato and eggplant) and the most affected by contamination and least resistant was sweet pepper.

عزل وتشخيص بكتريا Streptomyces المنتجة للمضادات الميكروبية من ترب بعض اقضية محافظة صلاح الدين == Isolation And Identification of Antimicrobial Producing “Streptomyces” From Soils of Some Districts in Salahaddin Province

اسم المؤلف: هيام عزيز عباس البدري
اسم المشرف: عبد الكريم فتاح عمر
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الاحياء المجهرية - البكتريا
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة عزل وتشخيص انواع تابعة للجنس Streptomyces، اذ جمعت 50 عينة من ترب اقضية تابعة لمحافظة صلاح الدين. شخصت?11 نوع من بكتريا Streptomyces باستخدام الاختبارات الشكلية والمزرعية والكيموحيوية حيث ظهر كل من الانواع (Streptomyces antibioticus, Strep | The Study involved ; isolation and characterization of species related to Streptomyces. Fifty samples of soil has been taken from different districts of Salah aldden province. The isolates were identified by the morphological, biochemical tests and classified to nine species, The following species were found : (Streptomyces antibioticus, Streptomyces coelicolor , Streptomyces distalicus and Streptomyces fluvissimus ) in Tikrit district, ( Streptomyces cyaneus ) in Ballad and beiji districs, ( Streptomyces exofolicus) in Ballad and Aldor districts (Streptomyces lavendulea ) in Samarra and Aldor districts , (Streptomyces purpureus ) in Samarra and Beiji districts and (Streptomyces violaceus ) in Samarra and Tikrit districts. The sensitivity of these bacterial isolates were tested toward the following : (Azithromycin, Cefotaxime, Cephatexin, Doxycycline, Erythromycin , Gentamicin, Neomycin, Penicillin, Tobramycin and Vancomycin).All species showed high resistance to cefotaxime. But all species were sensitive to neomycin and doxycycline. The isolated species of Streptomyces were tested for their ability of antibiotic production. It was found that (Klebsiella) was sensitive to all the species except species Streptomyces coelicolor. Streptomyces coelicolor showed an effect against Proteus. While Staphylococcus aureus was sensitive to the following species (Streptomyces antibioticus, Streptomyces cyaneus and Streptomyces purpureus). The Scanning Electron Microscopy was used to study the surface of spores. The species of (Streptomyces antibioticus) was found to has warty surface while spores of ( Streptomyces coelicolor) has smooth surface.

معالجة مطروحات مياه فضلات الصرف الصحي لمدينة تكريت باستخدام تقنية المجففات الحرارية الدواره واعادة استخدامها كاسمدة عضوية == Treatment of Domestic Wastewater Effluent of Tikrit City Using Thermal Rotating Dryer Technique And Reuse As Organic Fertilizers

اسم المؤلف: هالة ارشد علي حسين
اسم المشرف: جهاد ذياب محل الجنابي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: البيئة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • البيئة - التلوث البيئي
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة في مختبرات كليتي التربية والعلوم - جامعة تكريت للفترة من نيسان 2010 لغاية شباط 2011 تتضمن الدراسة معالجة الحماة الناتجة عن حوض التجميع الابتدائي باستخدام تقنية المجففات الحرارية الدوارة للعمل على ازاحة ماء الحماة والتي تمثل اصعب العمليات الت | This study was conducted at a period from April 2010 to February 2011, to treat the sludge produced from collection tank at tikrit domestic wastewater plant, using thermal rotating dryer technique(T.R.D) or dewatering the sludge.This process represents one of the difficult applied process for the sludge treatment. This technique considered a modern technique in this field.Physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the manufactured sludge were determined and compared with organic fertilizers (I.O.F) imported from republic of Estonia (Available in local markets).T.R.D technique induced dewatering of the treated sludge at ratio48.5 - 61.5% and producing highly sterilized organic fertilizers which was free of pathogenic organisms(bacteria, worms and eggs) with high chemical characteristics comparing with those imported from Estonia. Manufactured organic fertilizers M.O.Fs have allow acidity pH ranged between 7.5 - 7.7 ,. electrical conductivity at range 1630 - 1873, organic matter at ratio 4.56 - 5.35%, with a moderate concentrations of Pb, Cd, Zn.The concentration of N and K was 1.8, 5.96% respectively while the concentration of phosphorus are 350 ppm. Three levels of M.O.Fs were used for corn plants(5, 10 and 20ton/acres). Results showed that all these levels significantly induced increasing for some physiological and morphological characteristics of corn plants compared with those treated by I.O.Fs or control plants. The vegetative dry weight of corn plants fertilized by M.O.Fs were 23.95gm/plant compared with 16.3 and 5.3 gm/plant for plants fertilized by I.O.Fs and control respectively. (M.O.Fs) induced significant increase in nitrogen concentration compared with plants fertilized by I.O.F and control while the concentrations of Pb, Cd, Zn were not affected by using of M.O.Fs on the other hand Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli were contributed in reducing and removing some of pollutants from the sludge at three incubation periods (30, 60 and 90 day). These two species caused significant decrease in pH and EC of the sludge, P. aeruginosas showed the highest removing ratio of nitrogen (93.1%). The cooperation of the two species caused high removing ratio for the Total organic carbon(87.72%) at 60 days and organic materials (90.68%) at 90 days of incubation also showed high removing ratio for phosphors 100%) at 90 days of in cubation.) These two species also caused high removing ratio for pb, Cd and Zn at30 days and P. aeruginosa was more effective in removing Pb, Cd and Zn from the sludge then E. coli.

دراسة بكتريولوجية كيمياوية وفيزياوية لمياه الشرب المعدنية المتداولة في الاسواق المحلية لمدينة تكريت == Bacteriological Chemical And Physical Study for Drinking Mineral Bottled Water Circulating in Local Market in Tikrit City

اسم المؤلف: اسراء حمود عبد الدوري
اسم المشرف: حميد سلمان خميس المهداوي | ياسين حسين عويد
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: البيئة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية جمع عينات شهرية من اصناف المياه المعدنية المعباة المتداولة في الاسواق المحلية في مدينة تكريت ابتداء من شهر تشرين الاول عام 2010 م ولغاية شهر حزيران عام 2011 م وتم تقييم جودة عشرة اصناف من المياه المعباة بالاضافة الى ماء الصنبور ومقار | The current study included collected monthly samples of mineral water circulating in the local markets in the city of Tikrit from the month of October in 2010 until the month of June in 2011. It was evaluated the quality of ten varieties of bottled water and comparing the results to the standard specifications for Iraqi drinking water and international standards for the World Health Organization.Evaluation included a study of physical, chemical and microbiological factors : turbidity, total dissolved solid, total suspended solid, electrical conductivity, pH, dissolved oxygen, biological oxygen demand, total alkalinity, acidity, total hardness, calcium, sodium, potassium, salinity, chloride, phosphate, nitrate, sulphate, heavy metals, total number of bacteria and total coliforms.The level of quality parameters of these classes were in compliance with the different standards except for pH in one class Pearl and phosphate in one class Rovian.Comparing bottled water to tap water found that the concentrations of turbidity, total dissolved solid, total suspended solid, electrical conductivity, salinity, dissolved oxygen, total hardness, acidity, nitrate, iron, manganese and total number of bacteria in tap water higher than the concentrations in bottled water but didn’t exceed the upper limit that allowed by the local and international specifications for drinking water.Measurements also revealed that the values of most of the criteria listed on the packaging do not reflect the actual content of these water bottles with the exception of one class Kameran most of the packaging in this class has matched the actual content of the water container.The results also showed the absence of coliform bacteria in any of the varieties of bottled water and tap water as well as the significance of the absence of bacterial contamination in it.

عزل وتشخيص بعض انواع بكتريا السالمونيلا من بعض الاغذية المحلية في مدينة تكريت == Isolation And Identification of Some Species of Salmonella From Some Local Foods in Tikrit City

اسم المؤلف: شيماء جابر حميد البياتي
اسم المشرف: عبد الكريم فتاح عمر
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تم التحري عن بكتريا السالمونيلا في 520 عينة من الاغذية المحلية في مدينة تكريت, وجدت هذه البكتريا في 26 عينة (5%), كانت اعلى نسبة لتواجدها في عينات اللحوم المثرومة (2.5%) والتي تمثل 16.25% من العينات الكلية للحوم المثرومة المدروسة.عزلت السالمونيلا من عي | The presence of Salmonella spp. was investigated in 520 local food samples in Tikrit city, Salmonella was found in 26 samples (5%), with the highest presence in minced meat (2.5%) which was represented 16.25% of all minced meat samples. Salmonella was isolated from chicken's meat at a percentage of 3.75%, and same percentages for meat slices samples, egg cortex and chicken's blood represented 5% for each one, and isolated too from vegetables and cheese at a percentage of 2.5% for each one. No Salmonella has been detected from sweet, yoghurt and egg content. Six Salmonella species were isolated, S. typhimurium was to be the most frequent and represented 42.30% of positive samples, then S. enteritidis and S. anatum in 34.61% and 11.53% respectively, but S. agona, S. typhi and S. arizona existed in a percentage about 3.84% for each one. Also, all the isolated species showed their own serological formula. The selective medium Tetrathionate broth (TTB) was found to be superior for isolation of Salmonella than Selenite cystine broth (SCB), the former positivity was 96.2% and 88.5% respectively. For test of better selective medium for isolation, TTB was found to be more suitable for isolation of S. anatum, while SCB was better for isolation of S. arizona.All the six isolated Salmonella species showed high sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin (5?g) and moderately sensitive to Chloramphenicol (30?g), while they showed high resistance to three antibiotics Amoxicillin (30?g), Nalidixic acid (30?g) and Pipracillin (100?g). They showed resistance with different percentages to the other tested antibiotics : Ampicillin (10?g), Gentamicin (10?g), Streptomycin (10?g), Tetracycline (30?g) and Trimethoprim (25?g).

تاثير المعالجة المغناطيسية لمياه الري والسماد العضوي في نمو وانتاج القرنابيط botrytis var. Brassica oleracea صنف Solid snow == Effect of Magnetically Treatment of Irrigation Water And Organic Compost On Growth And Cauliflower Production Botrytis Cv. Solid Snow Var. Brassica Oleracea

اسم المؤلف: كوثر عبد الجبار عبد
اسم المشرف: ثامر خضير مرزة
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - الفسلجة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ا جريت هذه التجربة في قسم علوم الحياة / كلية العلوم / جامعة الكوفة في محافظة النجف الاشرف وتضمنت مرحلتين : الاولى زراعة البذور لغرض قياس نسبة الانبات للمدة من 1 / 8 لغاية 8 / 8 / 2011 وانتاج الشتلات للمدة من 15/8/2011 ولغاية 14 / 9 /2011 في حقل خاص لانتا | This experiment was conducted in the Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Kufa in Al - Najaf Al - Ashraf province. It included two periods : the first was seed sowing to measure germination percentage from 1 - 8 till 8 - 8 - 2011, and transplants production from 15 - 8 - 2011 till 14 - 9 - 2011 in a private farm for vegetable transplants production. The second was transplanting in an open field belongs to Plant Production Department/Kufa Technical Institute from 15 - 9 - 2011 till 17 - 1 - 2012 to measure plant growth parameters and curd cauliflower production cv.solid snow in harmless environment techniques. The experiment was adopted as factional experiment. The treatments were distributed according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replicates. The experiment included the study of two factors : the first, was five magnetic intensities for treating waters magnetically (0; 500; 750; 1500 and 2500 Gauss) by means of dipolar magnetrons. The second was three quantities of plant organic manure(rice residues).i.e.(0, 2.5 and 5.0 kg/furrow) with a length of 6.5 m. and their interactions on growth and production the yield of cauliflower, cv.solid snow. Duncan's Multiple Range Test (DMRT) was used to compare means at probability of0.05. Correlation and regression coefficient were also used to evaluate the relationships between studied parameters and time. Vegetative growth parameters that are measured were : plant leaf number ; stem height; stem diameter; plant leaf area; leaf fresh and dry weight; stem dry weight; plant shoot fresh and dry weight. Flowering parameters were : curd fresh and dry weight and curd diameter. The results could be summarized as following : 1. Water chemical analysis showed that irrigation with magnetized treated water had an effect on physical properties, nevertheless, was more or less affected ions components. 2. The use of magnetized treated water in irrigation resulted in an increase in germination percentage of cauliflower seeds cv. Solid snow.The highest germination percentage was obtained from magnetic intensity of 1500 Gauss in both experiments, laboratory and field that reached 71.14 and 65, 62%, respectively on the base of Arc Sin. 3. The use of magnetized treated water in plant irrigation at all the used intensities resulted in an early emerged curd cauliflower by 15 days compared with control treatment plants. 4. 750 gauss magnetized treated water achieved at age of 138 days from transplanting, the highest plant leaf area mean is (4836.2 cm2) with percentage increase of 51.7% compared to control treatment plant leaf area (3188.3 cm2).That effect was reflected on curd weight. 5. 1500 and 2500 Gauss magnetized treated water treatments at earlier ages increased the values of vegetative growth parameters which reflected its effect on flowering growth parameters by shorter time of curd irritation, compared with the effect of 500 - 750 Gauss at earlier ages , which are in spite of its late effects produced at 150 days old from transplanting particularly 750 Gauss the highest mean of curd fresh weight. 6. 750 Gauss magnetized treated water achieved the highest yield reached 22.2 ton/h. which differed from that productivity gained from control treatment plant(9 - 29 ton/h.) with percentage increase of 138.8%. 7. Organic plant manure addition at both quantities(2.5 and 5.0kg/furrow) resulted in an increase in both vegetative and flowering growth parameters compared with untreated plants. 5 kg/furrow treatment produced the highest means compared to control treatment particularly at the age of 138 days in all vegetative growth parameters. 8. The addition of 5 kg/furrow at age of 150 days produced the largest curd fresh weight 918.4 g. and diameter of 17.2 cm which statistically differed to compared plant treatment that produced 506.0 g. and 13.3 cm. for curd fresh weight and diameter at the same age respectively. 9. 5 kg/furrow organic manure addition resulted in a highest productivity of 21.6 ton/h. compared to that of control treatment of 11.9 ton/h. with an increase of 81.5%. 10. Interaction between irrigation water magnetically treated with 750 Gauss and addition of (organic manure with 5 kg/furrow) at the age of150 days resulted in the highest curd fresh weight of 1292.9 g. with curd diameter of 20.3 cm. compared to that plant of control treatment produced curd fresh weight of 292.5 g. and 11.0 cm. diameter. This interaction also produced 30.3 ton/h. for (750 Gauss×5 kg/furrow) compared with the productivity of control treatment plants that gave 6.86 ton/h. with percentage increase of 341.6%

دراسة الاهمية الوقائية لحليب الماعز وتاثيراته في بعض الصفات الانتاجية والمناعية لاناث الارانب المعاملة بالمضاد الحيوي اموكسي كلافولانيك اسيد == The Important Protective Study of Goat Milk And Its Effects On Some Productive And Immune Traits of Female Rabbits Treated With Amoxi - Clavulanic Acid

اسم المؤلف: حسين باعي خضر حسين الجياشي
اسم المشرف: كريم ناصر طاهر | علاوي لعيبي داغر
الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الصحة العامة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية الطب البيطري
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study was carried out from 12 - 3 - 2011 to 29 - 4 - 2011 to find out the protective importance of goat milk and its effects on some productive traits ( body weight , weight gain , feed intake, and feed conversion efficiency) ,some immunological traits ( white blood cells , percent of lymphocyte cells) ,some biochemical traits (total serum protein , albumin ,globulin ) ,some physiological traits ( hemoglobin and Packed cell volume) in the rabbits treated with Amoxicillin - clavulanic acid.A total of (32) female rabbits (local breed) aged range between 2 - 3 months with average of initial body weight 1706.25 gm.were distributed randomly into four groups each one consist of eight rabbits as below : 1 - Control group ( C ) : Fed basal diet without any addition.2 - First treatment group ( T1 ) : Fed the same basal diet + 5 mg ? kg b.w. x 2 amoxi - clavulanic acid for one week3 - Second treatment group ( T2) : Fed the same basal diet +( 5 mg ? kg b.w. x 2 amoxi - clavulanic acid + 5ml x2 raw goat milk ) for one week.4 - Third treatment group ( T3 ) : Fed the same basal diet + 5ml x2 raw goat milk for one week.The experiment continued for five weeks in which each rabbit weight at weekly interval and the residual feed weighed daily ,The results revealed the following : - Treatment one showed signs of gastric ulcer ,diarrhea , small and large intestinal inflammation ,while T2 group ( antibiotic + goat milk ) did not show any signs of gastric ulcer, diarrhea and their digestive system normal like the control ( C ) and Treatment three ( T3 ) group ( goat milk ).Body weight of ( T3 ) group recorded significantly) P < 0.05 )increased as compared with body weight of T1 group in all study weeks. And recorded the highest body weight among the other study groups during all periods of the study weeks (1769.12, 1751.37,1795.00 , 1824.25 ,1852.75) gm respectively.Animals in group ( T3 ) exceeded in weekly body weight gain as compared with other treatment groups during the studied period except the second week ( 62.87, - 5.25, 32.5, 29.25 , 28.5) gm respectively.Treatment ( 1 ) showed decrease in weekly feed intake on the first 4 weeks of study ) 60 , 42.51 , 44.88 , 34.25 gm )respectively as compared with C and T3 groups.Treatment ( 3 ) showed that feed conversion efficiency means recorded better value during the fifth weeks of studied weeks and was ( 5.53 , - 64.30 , 10.79 , 11.98, 12.11) gm food ? gm gain respectively recorded.There are significant increases ) P < 0.05 ) in white blood cell means for C ( control ), T2 , T3 groups) 6.352, , 6.32 6.45) x 10 3 ? ?L. compare with the T1 group ( 4.772 x 10 3 ? ?L ) and also lymphocyte percentage means of T1 (38.95 % ) showed significant lower ) P < 0.05 ) compared with other treatment groups ( C , T2, T3 ) ( 55.05 , 54.80 , 57.07 ) respectively.The control and T3 groups showed significant) P < 0.05 ) exceeded in hemoglobin and packed cells volume as compared with T1 and T2 groups which there is no significant difference between them.Where the average of four treatment group control ,T1 ,T2, T3 record 44.837 , 38.675 , 38.825 , 44.800 respectively.Treatment 3 exceeded other treatment groups in the total protein ( 88.156 )gm/l and also T1 group showed significant ) P < 0.05 ) decrease in albumin ratio ( 26.682 ) gm/l, while T1 showed significantly ) P < 0.05 ) higher in their gamma globulin compared with other treatment groups.Treatment 3 and 1 groups showed significant ) P < 0.05 ) increase in liver relative weight as compared with the control and T2 groups and the liver relative weight means of the ( C ,T1 ,T2 ,T3 ) groups as followed respectively 2.64, 3.05, 2.53 , 3.08 %.

عزل وتشخيص جرثومة ال (Pasteurella multocida) من الابقار والاغنام وتصنيف انماطها المصلية باستخدام تقنية تفاعـل السلسلة المتبلمرة == Isolation And Diagnosis Pasteurella Multocida From Cattle And Sheep And Serotyping Classification Using Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique

اسم المؤلف: جنان ناظم صادق العبيدي
اسم المشرف: عدنان حمد عبيد الحمداني | قاسم حليم كشاش
الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية - التقنية الحيوية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية الطب البيطري
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة جمع 150 نموذج من الرئات المصابة والمسحات الانفية ومسحات اللوزتين من الابقار والاغنام للمدة1 / 11 / 2010 ولغاية1 / /4 2011 من حظائر حيوانية ومجازر مختلفة في مدينة الديوانية. تم زرع العينات على ( وسط اكار الدم ووسط الماكونكي واكار تربتون الص | The study included the collection of (150) samples of infected lungs and nasal , tonsils swabs from cattle and sheep at the period 1/11/2010 to 1/ 4/2011 of farm animals and various massacres in the city of Diwaniya. Samples were cultured on the blood agar and MacConkey agar and Trypticase Soya agar then diagnosed after pure isolation of colonies of pasteurella multocida were diagnosied and identified using morphological and biochemical features. The results revealed that the total isolation percent of Pasteurella multocida was 82(54.6%) which distributed as 40(53%) and 42(56%) for cattle and sheep ,respectively.on the other hands ,the high percent of isolation were recoverd from infected lungs 16(64%) followed by tonsils 13(52%) then nasal swabs 11(44%) in respect with cattle ,while in sheep ,the percent were 17(68%) for infected lungs ,11(44%) for nasal swabs and 14(56%) for tonsils swabs The percent of P.multocida isolation in cattle was 28(51.8%) in age group (>2years)while it was 12(57.1%) in age group (<2years),where as these percents in sheep were 27(56.2%) and 15(55,5%) ,respectively. In male ,the percent of isolation were 22(45.8%) and 20(54%) in females in respect with sheep samples ,while it was 21(51.2%) and 9(55.81%) in cattle respectively ,there was no significant differences (p>0.05) between isolation percent according to species ,sex and age of animals. The results of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as confirmatory test for P.multocida isolates after DNA extraction and amplification with specific primers named KMT - 1 showed asingle band amplified DNA with amolecular weight of 460 bp. In purpose of serotyping the isolates of Pasteurella multocida by using PCR, the specific primer of capsule ( CAPA, CAPB, CAPD, CAPE, CAPF) were amplified the results revealed that the serotype (B) was the dominat in cattle , with molecular weight (760pb) while type ( A) the dominat in sheep with molecular weight (1044pb). In Coclusion , the result of molecular diagnosis of P.multocida serotyping by using PCR revealed ahigh specificity (84.5 %) sensitivity (97.05%) in Comparision with routine diagnostic of this bacteria in cattle and sheep.

التحري عن الاصابة بفيروس جدري الابل في بعض محافظات العراق باستخدام تقنية تفاعل سلسة انزيم البلمرة PCR

اسم المؤلف: محمود شاكر عبد الامير عيدان مرزوق
اسم المشرف: هدى عبد الهادي علي النصراوي
الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الامراض المشتركة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية الطب البيطري
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:

صعوبات تنفيذ مهارات الالوان لدى طلبة المرحلة الثانوية في انجاز اعمالهم الفنية وعلاقتها بالاضطرابات الادراكية البصرية

اسم المؤلف: الاء رضا عبد الحسين
اسم المشرف: ماجد نافع عبود الكناني
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد الادراك الحسي عملية تاويل الاحساسات تاويلا يزودنا بمعلومات عما في عالمنا الخارجي من اشياء, او هو العملية التي تتم بها معرفتنا لما حولنا من اشياء عن طريق الحواس, اذ يحتل موضوع الادراك اهمية كبرى لدى المختصين بالدراسات النفسية عموما والمهتمين بعلم النف

تصميم تعليمي تعلمي لتنمية التفضيل الجمالي لدى طلبة قسم التربية الفنية كلية الفنون الجميلة == Instructional Design For Development The Aesthetic Preference To Students In The Department of Art Education - College of Fine Arts

اسم المؤلف: سهاد جواد فرج الساكاني
اسم المشرف: صالح احمد الفهداوي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The world of today is facing a number of rapid and sequential changes represented in the great technological and scientific advancement in all the fields of life.In addition to the revolution of telecommunication and information which causes the duplication of human knowledge. Therefore, education is not living in the age and its changes, it remains static, retarded and does not help to live in this age, and develop their different knowledge fields. This includes the preference of aesthetic aspect and everything that surrounds the age of communication, satellite and electronic technologies, and remote sensing.In the light of these transformations, the need for developing the human mental capabilities for tasting the features of aesthetic phenomenon which regarded one of phenomena difficult to measure. The question that is repeated frequently is how humanconscious can receive the aesthetic value and forming it in the light of its relation to the surrounding? And what will emerge on the trip of his\her responding to the various phase when enjoying the artistic work (plastic tableau) which increases the vision in more complexity of the life of man as a receiver. All these questions objectively formed down the important sense a of this study which is based on a survey study that the researcher had conducted through which she wanted to know the level of aesthetic preference level for the receivers in the Department of Art Education towards the plastic painting in modern painting. The results indicate a low level in the cognitive field (cognitive dimension) and artistic field (artistic dimension).Thus, the researcher saw a need to conduct an experimental treatment through the study on the modern methods of teaching. The objective she wanted has been achieved, therefore, she preferred to found a theme through the problem which she called thefollowing title (A Instructional Design to Develop the aesthetic preference to Students in the department of Art Education - college of Fine Arts ). On that basis, the researcher adopted the general model in the design called (ADDIE) model with strategic orientation of mind maps in the A pedagogical - instructional Design made up of four pedagogical - instructional units of 16 instructional lessons and provided with a group of pedagogic alternatives displayed on CD according to Power Point and Microsoft programs as activities that deepen and enrich the content. Along that, the community of the study is the Department of Art Education\ Third year in the college of Fine Arts - Baghdad University and the College of Basic Education in Al - Mustansrya University consisit of 116 students. of those a sample of 60 male and female students were chosen and they were distributed into two groups one is experimental of 30 students college of Fine Arts - Baghdad University and the other is from the students of College of Basic Education In Al - Mustansrya University. The two samples were matched in terms of variables of (age, sex, teaching, intelligence, pervious knowledge, the level of aesthetic preference). The procedures of the study also requires a design of prior unit for the mechanism of using the mind maps inside the pedagogical - instructional Design and the pedagogical program in the present study. In order to measure the effectiveness of the program, the researcher built two tests to measure the cognitive aspect made up of (24) items to measure the patterns of cognitive preference (recalling, critical, principle, application), while the other text measures the artistic dimension of the students' preferences towards the painting in modern art. It is made up of (10) test items depend on the realization of the aesthetic organization for forty impressionist paintings by the learner. These tests were applied after the verification of their validity and constancy in treating the different statistical processes (before and after). The experiment lasted for two months. The researcher used the T - test for two independent samples and Eta square to find out the effectives in showing the results of this study, she also used Ch - square to find the validity and reliability of the test items as well as the difficulty equation and theeffectiveness of the alternatives. In addition to that, she used Pearson Correlative coefficient to find the internal consistency of the testing items through the equivalence. She applied Kudor - Richardson (20) and alpha - Cronbach equations.The most important finding of the study is the excel of the experimental group over the experimental group in dimensional and observational application represented in the test of cognitive preference in (recalling, critical, principle, application), and thetest of artistic preference. Also, the pattern of application assumed the first position among the other patterns which indicates the clear effect which it has on the application of the program on the experimental group in comparison to the control group. Bothdimensions (cognitive and artistic) refer to the high level of artistic preference for the targeted category in the present study. That is attributed to the effectiveness of the using of the mind maps in the light of (ADDIE) model in the program designed in this study ininstructional the pedagogical skills. The most important finding of the study was the effectiveness of using the general model in the instructional design with strategic orientations in the mind maps and in the acquisition of expertise of development and the amendment of patterns through the artistic - cognitive dimensions that stimulated the process of multiple thinking for the learners.The researcher recommended that the researcher should generalize the necessity of using the pedagogical - instructional designed in this study to teach the subjects related to the development of the aesthetic for the learners within the items of the Arteducation and depending on the pedagogical - instructional Design and (ADDIE) model in the developing of the field for aesthetics if the plastic arts and other arts for the effectiveness of these programs in facilitate the instructional in the different fields.The researcher also proposes a number of suggestions the most important of which was the application of the pedagogical - instructional design and (ADDIE) to develop the psychophysical and ecological variables on the various fields within thespecialty of the college of fine arts as future academic study

الاشتغال الدلالي للتشفير في التعبير الفيلمي == Semantic Work For Coding In Film Expression

اسم المؤلف: سعد ناظم عيسى الزبيدي
اسم المشرف: رعد عبد الجبار ثامر الشاطي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون السينمائية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اخذت السينما تشق طريقها لتنحت لنفسها مكانا بارزا بين الفنون الاخرى. ليبدا هذا الطريق بدراسة السينما سيميائيا، وكانت اولى الخطوات في هذه الدراسة هي محاولة اثبات امتلاك السينما للغتها الخاصة، وذلك من خلال مقارنتها باللغة من حيث الوظيفة والوحدات والتنظي | Cinema started to make its own way to build special place among other kinds of art. The first steps on this study were a try to prove that the cinema has its own language; this was done by comparing it by the language from many angles, such as function, units, organizing and shape.Many results were appeared from this comparison; the most important one was the similarity between the film and the language in functionality. Also, the ability of implementing most of the linguistic aspects on cinema like coding, messaging, system, building, …, etc.As these aspects are common in all communication systems, any system has its own signs and symbolic meanings which are organized in the form of rules that permit to understand the messages built on similarity and difference relationships, which shows multiple kinds code.In addition to the codes in the film structure, as a part of semantic systems, depending on the aim of delivering messages with deep meanings, using all of its elements. For studying this process in details, and for analyzing the terms it contain, like sign, code, communication, meaning, culture, and for establishing scientific research basis, so this study represents an attempt to read the semantic work for codes which are included in the film texts. This study; named (Semantic work for code in film expression); contained four chapters as follow : Chapter One : Includes research problem which is represented by the study of the film code by explaining how they work, and explaining the role of the film expression elements in showing the film code. This chapter also contained the goals, the limits, the importance of this research and a definition for all of the used terms.Chapter Two : Theoretical frame and past studies, was divided into six parts, as follow : 1. Cima Part : Here we mentioned the Cima science and the founders of it, some important classifications for it and some important points for studying this science.2. Communication Part : The communication theory was discussed here (using Jackson diagram with the six levels), the importance of each level and some other important information about these levels.3. Codes Part : Explaining what is the code generally, then what is the cinematic code.4. Sign, Symbol and Code : The three aspects are discussed together as a one part and as different parts.5. Semantic Science Part : This science was discussed in details in this part.6. Film Expression Part : What is the film expression? How can we distinguish between the similar aspects in this field? The answers were mentioned here.Then, a quick show of the past studies was done.Chapter Three : Research procedure, includes the research process and the sample explaining. The samples were two films (Devil's Advocate, and Da Vinci Code).Chapter Four : This chapter contains the conclusions and the recommendations we get from this study, the most important one was the ability to form the complex indirect semantic for the cinematic code, by using the icon - pointer or the icon - symbol, as the iconize is a method (code) to recognize the direct and the indirect semantic, while pointer and symbol are tools to reach to the deep messages of the film. Last, the research contained suggestions and resources list and the English abstract.

فاعلية النشاط التمثيلي في تعلم مفاهيم مادة العلوم لدى تلامذة المرحلة الابتدائية == The Effectiveness of The Acting Activity In Learning Science Concepts of Primary School Pupils

اسم المؤلف: زهراء صبحي خزعل
اسم المشرف: فؤاد علي حارز الصالحي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اصبح اكتساب المفاهيم هدفا اساسيا من الاهداف التربوية في المراحل الدراسية المختلفة، ولاسيما في المرحلة الابتدائية، وتعد العلوم من بين المواد الدراسية المختلفة التي تضم في طياتها الكثير من المفاهيم ذات الصلة المباشرة بحياة التلامذة، وهذه المفاهيم تؤثر بش | Became acquire concepts fundamental objective of the educational goals in grades different, especially at the primary level, and is the science of the subjects which include with it a lot of the concepts of direct relevance to the lives of students, and these concepts directly affect their thinking about things and phenomena that surround them, and help them understand and predict, and in spite of the large role for the acquisition of concepts in the processes of learning and teaching, but the students are still suffering from many of the difficulties in learning and acquiring optimally, and after research and fact - researcher found that the best way is the way the old new is the representation through the embodiment of the concepts that face the students to understand it, so has the need for this study in order to detect the effectiveness of activity acting in learning concepts science to the students of primary school. which is one of the most important stages throughout the student who is in the case of maturity of mental knowledge, so have to collect the largest number of concepts that will help him to the other stages, which are the basis for moving attic laterThe study included four chapters dealt with the researcher in the first chapter the research methodology included the following headings in terms of posing the problem, and the importance of research, and objective as well as the assumptions and the definition of terms.The second chapter includes historical background about using this medium of communication to deliver some of the meanings that are difficult to access only through this medium, which has achieved positive results in their respective fields, positive results, while the second section evolved to include educational difficulties faced by students and their types and methods of the teacher in the treatment, and the third section evolved to include the concepts and dimensions and levels of quality.The third chapter includes procedures where a researcher has experience in dealing with difficulties in learning the concepts primary school pupils based on a scientific lessons which they were found to achieve the goal the following steps : - The researcher adopted the experimental design for the two groups with unequal post - test.Researcher has chosen the School of the primary schools of the Directorate of Education in Baghdad's Karkh third at random, and selected divisions in the fifth grade of primary random also to represent the experimental group and two for a control group.Consisted sample of (110) male and female pupils were divided into two groups (53) experimental (57) officer was conducting equality of variables (degrees of Science in half, equal intelligence, academic achievement to parents, chronological age), and therefore the researcher prepared the plans tuition for each of the control and experimental groups, it has applied the test began on Sunday, 19/2/2012 the researcher has taught herself the two groups, then the search tool has been applied (cognitive achievement test) at the end of the experiment on Wednesday, 14/3/2012.The fourth chapter has included the following : - Results researcher adopted a set of statistical tools, including test Alta?a, easily coefficient, coefficient of difficulty, the effectiveness of alternatives and reached the wrong researcher to positive results, notably : The presence of a statistically significant difference favoring the experimental group, indicating the superiority of the experimental group students who have studied the activity representative to the control group students who have studied according to the method in the usual collection.The lack of a statistically significant difference between the experimental group(male and female)who have studied the activity of representativeness.The conclusions were as follows : - The use of representational activity (role play) led to positive results in the treatment of learning difficulties concepts.That the use of representational activities can facilitate the process of teaching and the provision of time and effort for students and the teacher or the teacher and this shows the link for the representation of education in general.Therefore, the researcher recommends the following : - The use of representational activity in the teaching of scientific concepts of science among primary school after it became clear a significant impact in improving the level of academic achievement in these concepts that the students had difficulty understanding.The need to use analog activity as an educational tool in teaching the concepts and to simplify the delivery of information easily and smoothly.And development of research studies researcher suggested the following : - Examine the role of representational activity in the transmission of scientific concepts to students in other grades.study of the impact of the activity in the treatment of learning difficulties concepts to other subjects in primary school and other grades.

الاساليب التقنية في اعمال تشكيلي مرحلة الستينيات وتوظيفها في نتاجات طلبة قسم التربية الفنية == The Technical Styles In The Plastic Artists' Works of The 1960S Stage And Their Employment In The Products of Artistic Education Students

اسم المؤلف: جنان جبار عبود الجوراني
اسم المشرف: ابراهيم عبد الرزاق الجبوري
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: شهدت الفنون التشكيلية تحولات في الاظهار الفني والجمالي عبر ممكنات الاساليب التقنية, وذلك باستعمال مجموعة من الوسائل والطرائق, وفقا لحاجات الفن في التجريب بهدف ترجمة افكار الفنان وقد تحقق على يد العديد من الفنانين العراقيين امثال محمد مهر الدين, ليلى العط | The plastic arts saw many transformations in the artistic and aesthetic manifestation through the mechanisms of technical styles using a selection of means and methods according to the art needs in experimentation aiming at translating the artist's thoughts. At the hand of several Iraqi artists like Mohammed Mahruddin, Laila Al - Attar, Saleh Al - Jumai'i… etc., innovated techniques were achieved like collage, transparents… etc. Those technical manifestations in the formation styles distinguished the 1960s stage which was an important stage among the stages of the Iraqi contemporary formation rich with experiences and interesting to the artists who came after that stage; thus the researcher found it necessary to study the technical styles for its significance in enriching the artistic works of the plastic project material for the students of Artistic Education Department at the College of Fine Arts being the main gate for identifying the modernism data in the formation. Hence, the researcher traced her research problem via a pilot study conducted on the students of Artistic Education Department - 4th stage - in the material of plastic art project. She tended to establish his research problem via employing the technical styles used by the Iraqi plastic artist in artistic treatment of the artistic work components in the material of artistic project. The study addressed the students' opinions on the project material and its items and the difficulties they face in executing them, especially how to employ the canvases with their types in manifestations of the artistic work. The study gave the researcher an image of how were the technical fundamentals used by the artists of 1960s stage of the last century. Within that light, the researcher constructed her aim as follows : - Revealing the technical styles in the works of Iraqi plastic artists in 1960s stage. - Designing ideal teaching plans in terms of the technical styles shown in the works of Iraqi plastic artists in 1960s stage. - Measuring the effectiveness of the teaching plans by experimenting them on a sample of fourth class students - Artistic Education Department - in plastic project material. To examine the aims, the researcher set two nil hypotheses to show the results and check them out, hence they required defining the population of the current research which was composed of all artists of 1960s stage and the fourth stage students at the Artistic Education Department in plastic project material. The total number of students was (60) male and female students. A random sample of (15) male and female students was selected and taken by the researcher as a one experimental group taught according to the ideal teaching plans. In order to measure the teaching plans, the researcher designed an achievement test (cognitive - skillful) as well as designing an analysis form to evaluate the students' skillful performance. To show the research results, the researcher relied on a collection of statistical means to treat the data and information which she obtained from the research sample and show the results she arrived at, i.e. (Wilcoxin test of one sample, difficulty coefficient equation, discrimination coefficient equation, Kuder - Richardson equation and Holesti equation). As to the most important results the researcher arrived at, they were represented in : The effectiveness of the teaching plans prepared in the current research in employing the technical styles in the works of 1960s stage in the cognitive and skillful aspect. Conclusions : 1 - The capacity of the teaching plans designed in terms of technical styles shown in the works of Iraqi plastic artists in 1960s stage to acquire the fourth stage students - Artistic Education Dept. the cognitive information and their employing it in achieving their plastic artistic projects. 2 - The process of defining the teaching and behavioral aims in the process of acquiring the students the cognitive information in terms of the teaching plans designed for the current research and their clarity to them led to making it a purposeful and an individually and collectively oriented process. Recommendations : In the of the conclusion the research arrived at, we can formulate the following recommendations : 1 - Relying on the teaching plans designed in terms of technical styles of the works of Iraqi plastic artists in 1960s stage which were experimented in the artistic project material due to the manifestation of their efficacy and worthiness in acquiring the information and mastering the skills for the students of the Artistic Education Dept. Suggestions : The research suggests the following : 1 - Practicing the male and female teachers of Artistic Education on the skills of executing the artistic projects at the secondary stage schools

فاعلية مهارات ما وراء المعرفـة في تطويـر القـدرات الفنيـة لطلبـــة قســـم التربيـــة الفنيـــة فـي مادة الانشاء التصويري == The Metacognition Skills Effectiveness In Developing The Artistic Abilities For Art Education Department Students In The Graphical Composition Subject

اسم المؤلف: جبار خماط حمـزة
اسم المشرف: محمد سعدي لفتة
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تاسست مشكلة البحث الحالي على توظيف مهارات التفكير العليا المتمثلة بمهارات ما وراء المعرفة في تطوير القدرات الفنية للطلبة , والتي سعى الباحث الى تضمينها في برنامج تعليمي يختص بمادة الانشاء التصويري , لاسيما وان الدراسة الاستطلاعية التي قام بها الباحث كشفت | The current search issue was established on employing higher - order thinking skills which are the metacognition skills for developing the Artistic abilities of students, which the searcher sought to include them in an educational program regard to the Graphical Composition Subject ,especially the survey by the researcher revealed the problems experienced by the students in this subject such as poor understanding of the concepts , foundations and difficulty in implementing the process of learning requirements and the absence of essential and assistant elements are necessary to the learning process of students and improve their skills performance. The current research goal to : - knowing the effectiveness of metacognition skills to develop the Artistic abilities of Art Education Department students in the Graphical Composition Subject. One group experimental design per set with a minimum of setting adopted, to measure the effectiveness of the educational program which implicated on random experimental sample reached (10) students of the third stage - Department of Art Education - Fine Arts collage - University of Baghdad. The researcher designed two tools which have been subjected to the conditions of alignment honesty and consistency, and adopted the third as follows : 1 - A cognitive achieving test consist of (33) paragraphs2 - A skill achieving test consist of (11) paragraphs.3 - The researcher adopted (observing of the metacognition skills Form), which consists of (32), paragraph covers three fields (planning, monitoring and control, assessment). In order to evaluate the students using of the metacognition skills during the performance of students achieving skills test (before and after). The Researcher used a number of appropriate statistical methods in current research, depended on statistical program (SPSS). The research results improve : - The educational program effectiveness which based on the metacognition skills (planning, monitoring and control, evaluation) and its active role in developing of Artistic abilities for the Department of Art Education students in the Graphical Composition Subject by drawing a mind plan for the stages of performance before, during and after the completion of educational tasks which included in the educational program, cognitive and skill achieving tests after. The most important conclusion that has been extracted from the results achieved are : - The development which the experimental sample of the research has taken in the field of the Artistic abilities due to the effectiveness of the metacognition skills and its role in the management and organization of the learning process, especially after the passage of the experimental sample in the experiences of the educational program. According of results the findings the researcher recommended the following : 1 - Adoption of the educational program as an assistant curriculum in the Graphical Composition Lesson teaching, which proved its effectiveness and success in the development of the Artistic abilities of the third grade students in the Department of Art Education. 2 - Include the current curriculum with and modern effective strategies and teaching methods, especially the metacognition strategies and skills to make a serious and quick quantum leap to fill the gap and catch up with scientific development. As the researcher suggested the following studies : 1 - "The Metacognition Skills Effectiveness in Developing the Artistic Abilities for Art Education Department Students in other Subject such : Art Elements, Graphic, Drawing, ECT

الواقعية السحرية في الرسم العراقي المعاصر == Magical Realism In The Iraqi Contemporary Drawing

اسم المؤلف: سيروان رفعت احمد الزنكنة
اسم المشرف: هادي نفل مهدي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الرسم
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد تنوع تحولات الواقعية كتيار فني في الرسم العراقي المعاصر من الامور التي الهمت الفنان العراقي لسنوات طويلة، وكان يبحث عن الاسمى والارقى في عالمه الموضوعي والذاتي معا كي يخلص الى نتاجات ابداعية من حيث تركيب الاشكال واكتراثه بالتضمينات الداخلية التي تكشف | Is the diversity of mutations realism Kttiar art in painting contemporary Iraqi of the things that inspired the Iraqi artist for many years, and was looking for the ultimate and finest in his world objective and self together in order to be saved to the products of creativity in terms of structure shapes and bothered Baltdminac internal reveal areas of obscure and neglected from the presence of other , turned towards the formulation of this new reality in which magic and aesthetic vision for the structural elements of the artwork, which emerged from the modifications and abbreviated formal vocabulary and went out for the primary texts in fact, disguised in the invisible worlds.And it is this transformation varied problematic real, which crystallized by the trend technically added to the map of the formation of contemporary Iraqi, but the need to study the solid within the scientific research so as to naturalization of this movement and stand on the circle to diagnose what turned him artist of contemporary Iraqi and can not be reached except through the search may title of the message was put tagged (magical realism in painting contemporary Iraqi).This study consists of four basic classes singled out the first chapter the methodology of research, research problem and its importance and its goals and limits as well as definition of terms, while the second chapter singled Batarh theoretical and indicators, which included a detective following : - First : - First research : - perceived and Allamehsus in the drawing - modernism and postmodernism.Second : - The second section : - mythology and fantasy in the drawing - modernism and postmodernism.1) mythology in the drawing - modernism and postmodernism.2) Fantasia in the drawing - modernism and postmodernism.Third : - The third topic : - The concept of reality and realism.1 - reality.2 - realism.3 - trends of the new realism.1 - 3 - critical Realism.2 - 3 - socialism Realism.3 - 3 - excessive realism.Fourth : - Section IV : - magical realism.Fifth : - Section V : - drawing contemporary Iraqi represent between reality and not reality. Singled out in Chapter Three measures of research and analysis of the sample, which included the shapes of the five artists Iraqis as the number of samples (20) sample.The fourth chapter has singled out the results of research and the conclusions and recommendations, proposals and most important of which was as follows : - 1 - adopted a contemporary drawing in Iraq a lot of environmental factors, including references, the social dimension, political and cultural... In addition to the cultural heritage... Anchor in his thinking, to express their environmental surroundings and show the product in Tmtheladtha artistic dialectic of creative links with this ocean, which occupies his mind.2 - show that the scenes in the business depart magical realism of traditional varieties and in violation of the horizon of reality and the manipulation of shapes, items, and erosion events and the detection Albwatun and view details status and confirm the contradictions between the forms and ideas and topics.3 - resulted in the overall art of magical realism in the creation of themes penetrate fashionable to show Allamolov and create order out of chaos, although the monitor actually perceived and goes by the Iraqi artist to worlds beyond that through this reality perceived in environments exotic has a lot of uncertainty.And conclusions : 1 - Iraqi contemporary artist seeks to achieve beauty can not achieve reality, because the beauty is really depends on showing, and employs the idea in the configuration Bnzaath abstract aesthetic, and some of them goes to show the worlds of dreams and strange world and who does not belong to reality with the Surrealists artistsEnvironment on different was and still is an incubator for gas conflict and the secrets of the artist in the creative achievements, but it inspired the artist in the past and present.2 - is derived from legends and myth and imagination of folk tales, which represent only a primitive imagination of man and rolling through the ages and times, from the intellectual foundations adopted by the artist Alhaddathwai.3 - the nature of the communities in the overall Tmvsaladtha been a key Zagueta Alhaddathwai So the artist was able to change his view about the reality and the internal and external dimensions.Recommendations : 1 - Created a documentation center for Iraqi art exhibition entitled (Archive Fine contemporary Iraq).2 - Created a center for scientific research entitled (mythological studies).Proposals : 1 - magical realism in the paintings of artist Faisal Allaibi.2 - magical realism in the work of artist Hadi NFL.In addition to the list of sources, references and appendices and the summary in English

فاعلية التدريس التبادلي في تنمية اتجاهات طلبة قسم التربية الفنية نحو مادة عناصر الفن

اسم المؤلف: سها صابر كوشي
اسم المشرف: رعد عزيز عبد الله
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يشهد مطلع القرن الذي نعيشه تقدما علميا وتكنولوجيا في شتى المجالات، ومنها في ميداني التربية والتعليم، ولمواكبة هذا التطور ظهرت اتجاهات حديثة تدعو الى ضرورة البحث عن طرائق واستراتيجيات تدريسيه منبثقة من نظريات التعلم حيث يكون التركيز فيها على المتعلم.ان | Witnessing the beginning of the century in which we live scientific progress and technological in various fields, and induced significant about particular in the fields of education, and to keep abreast of this development emerged trends of recent calls for the need to search for methods and strategies taught derived from the theories of learning as the focus on the learner.As the contemporary education is no longer just provide the information without the individual to think, but is the process enable the individual to teach himself by himself, as well as developing the ability to acquire information and how to use them in educational situations. Which made the learner - centered education and the role of the teacher's guide and student - oriented, and this does not happen when using traditional teaching methods that are based on the conservation and memorization, which is where the role of the student recipient only and is based teacher education process.Hence, the need to adopt teaching strategies concerned with the learner and provide him with building a diverse educational experience required as well as development trends towards scientific subjects, including the strategy of reciprocal teaching.Accordingly, the goal of current research to "measure the effectiveness of reciprocal teaching strategy in the development trends of students in the Department of Art Education article about the elements of art."According to that , the aim of the search now is : 1. Doing Teaching plans based on strategy of reciprocal teaching.2. check teaching plan effects in directions improvement of art education students for art elements object.1. There are no statistically significant differences between the average degree of group (experimental), who studied according to a strategy of reciprocal teaching and the average score for the group (control group), who studied according to the usual way to test the trend of material elements of tribal art.2. There are no statistically significant differences between the average degree of group (control group), who studied according to the usual way to test the trend of material elements of art pre and post.3. There is no statistically significant differences between the average scores of the experimental group, who studied according to a strategy of reciprocal teaching in the scale of the trend towards material elements of art pre and post.4. There are no statistically significant differences between the average degree of group (control group), who studied according to the usual way and the average score for the group (experimental), who studied according to a strategy of reciprocal teaching.Sample consisted of (50) students from first grade students / Department of Art Education / College of Fine Arts / University of Baghdad for the academic year 2011 - 2012 and divided into two groups. By (25) students in the experimental group and (25) students in the control group was a parity between them in a number of variables (variable, chronological age, a variable collection, variable trend of material elements of art). Has identified a researcher of material containing the elements of the following (color, texture, space) within the material elements of art to be taught to students in grade one / Department of Art Education / College of Fine Arts / University of Baghdad for the academic year 2011 - 2012. Plans have been prepared in accordance with the teaching strategy of reciprocal teaching to teach the experimental group and teaching plans according to the usual way to teach the control group underwent the truth. The researcher designed a measure of attitudes towards the material elements of art subjected to validity and reliability has been corrupted from (40) paragraph.And also designed achievement test was used for the equivalence between the two sets of research. Subjected to the validity and reliability has been corrupted from (30) paragraph test of multiple choice type. The researcher applied the test of the trend towards material elements of tribal art and notifications. And conducted the analysis of test results using Alta?a (T - Test) for two independent samples and the test Alta?a (T - Test) for the two samples interrelated.The results proved the existence of statistically significant differences in the interest of the experimental group which studied the reciprocal teaching strategy according to the control group, who studied according to the method in the usual measure of the trend towards material elements of art.The most important conclusions reached according to the results : 1. Reciprocal Teaching strategy effective in the development of students' attitudes towards the material elements of art and way better than normal.2. Reciprocal Teaching strategy makes a student more than the ability to understand the material, and reduce forgetfulness, because it gives the student a role in the educational process.In light of the findings the researcher recommends the following : 1. to adopt a strategy of reciprocal teaching in teaching the elements of art.2. to include curriculum teaching methods in colleges and institutes of Fine Arts / Department of Art Education, modern strategies in teaching, including the strategy of reciprocal teaching.In light of this, the researcher suggests the following : Test the effectiveness of Reciprocal Teaching in the direction and the other variables in other subjec

اشتغال السيميائية البصرية لبنية المفردات التيبوغرافيكية في المنجز الطباعي == Functioning of The Visual Semiotics of The Structure of Vocabulary Altibogravekah Done In Printing

اسم المؤلف: حسين ناصر ابراهيم الدليمي
اسم المشرف: نصيف جاسم محمد عباس
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التصميم الطباعي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الفنون الجميلة - قسم التصميم
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد المنجز الطباعي فضاءا تتقاطع فيه علامات دلالية وايحائية عديدة مختلفة ومتكاملة كما ان المنجز الطباعي بانواعه المتعددة يمتلك بعدا (سيميائيا) فضلا عن بعديه الوظيفي والجمالي يكون مؤثرا في شكله النهائي, ومستندا الى عناصره التيبوغرافيكية ومديات اشتغاله | The completed layout space intersect the signs indicative and suggestive in many different and complementary as that performed printing different kinds of multi has dimension (Simia?aa) as well as dimensions the functional and aesthetic be effective in its final form, and based on the elements Altibogravekah and ranges of functioning according to their organizations and their relations inter - related that are formed according to the bonds be the structure of the speech communication during the unfolding of the integral relationship between those elements and Tmazjha generator design of the speech. The focus of current research in the bulk of its attention on the knowledge of the system consisting Results of completed layout in order to understand the mechanism of action and the realization that assisted delivery is intended for the recipient, where attended several classes in the research, came the first chapter to identify the research problem which manifested itself by asking the following : (What's mechanism of operation of the visual semiotics of the structure of the vocabulary in Altibogravekah done printing).And demonstrated the importance of research in : The possibility of its contribution to the open window of scientific knowledge for those working in the field of graphic design, and enrich the library of Iraq and the Arab lacks studies in the field of graphic design.With the goal of select Search in : (Detection mechanism of operation of the visual semiotics of the structure of vocabulary Altibogravekah done in the layout).Interested in the theoretical framework with three Investigation, addressed the first research to (semiotics concepts and applications, semiotics (meaning - the concept - the application), label (concept - types - classification), design and methodology semiotic) in care of the second section (b semiotic text visual by : Thinking optical theory of shapes and visual perception, dismantling and installation semiotic of the finished layout. and touched the third section to (functioning vocabulary Altibogravekah in graphic design, through the character layout, the organization of the elements Altibogravekah, Icon Design Altibograveka, factors in the formation of significant printing, installation visual - verbal, Equations verbal - visual). In the third chapter is the description and analysis (26) research sample, based to the paragraphs of analysis derived from the theoretical framework, and its outcome indicators were as follows : • Tagged structure of the mark.• optical paths to read the text.• the structure of visual discourse.• morphological factors help make up the signs.• semantic semiotics through verbal visual equations.According to the contents of each specimen individually, Chapter IV, has included a presentation of the results and conclusions reached by the researcher, and including : 1 - asylum blades designed to determine the optical output is normal for processors associated with Mahmullac Tagged with adding a variety of meanings are in the goal to confirm the symbolic dimension of career.2 - according to the structural organization of the options is the conductor paths reading mechanism to engage and confirm the quality of the processors, which came Balodouhah and readability with the diversity that is complementary to that as in the case (or axial symmetric or another).3 - the dominance of iconic signifier is the outcome of signal enhancement capabilities and semantic dimension of delusional or in juxtaposition and contradiction in the construction or Mini pivotal indicator enriches the cohesion of the structure.4 - consisted intentional engage with the formal structure Altibogravekah and under the police engage in promoting semantic and is among the most important Mamay be secured to move the structure design of ads and logos.5 - McCann of the correlation between morphological factors and the composition of semantics, but confirmation of the effectiveness of the optical illusion of movement, or in frequency to the excellence or otherwise. It also means to confirm a causal intentional and general construction of the design in its segment and the whole.And systems researcher recommendations gleaned researcher in the light of the results of his research, which was : 1 - activation of the speech given by the organization of visual structures Altibogravekah importance in the design of logos, advertisements and magazine covers as a liberation broadcast Simia?aa Bmahmolat semantic and functional and aesthetic.2 - confirm availability of assisted - dimensional and placebo indicative of images being the best broker to represent the signifier and the real meaning as a concept my mind, especially since we are in an age of image and digitally private treatment.3 - activation of verbal structures by involving Anwanat Maalhak, letters, and thus being an important pillar of the pillars of the formation of structure in the general Alalamih designs and does not come only through reading the text of the participants sound that combines elements Altibograveh all.4 - Activating the corresponding formal Alalamih verbal texts with their meanings implicit and Maalhak this to the importance placed on those Alttabqah being a channel for the delivery of semantic and Mahmullac Alalamih to the recipient and can be used Altibogravekah elements to achieve this.I also propose the following two Baldrastin researcher to do in the future : 1 - semiotic relationship between form and content in the layout done.2 - morphological factors and their role in the design of semantic structure is finished printing.

اليات الاداء التمثيلي في عروض المسرح العراقي : سامي عبد الحميد انموذجا == The Mechanism of The Actor Performace In The Iraqi Production

اسم المؤلف: علي مجيد جاسم
اسم المشرف: سامي عبد الحميد نوري
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون المسرحية - اخراج وتمثيل
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: بما ان لكل فن من الفنون اليات ادائية خاصة به تطورت عبر العصور وجد الباحث ان لفن التمثيل اليات ادائية واساليب دخلت حقل التطور ايضا. لذا عمد الباحث الى دراسة هذه الاليات. وفصلها على شكل اربعة فصول.الفصل الاول : (الاطار المنهجي) اذ تضمن مشكلة البحث والحاجة ا | There are several mechanics in fulfly any piece of art. Those mechnics has been developed through out the centuries.This research deals with those mechnics of the actions performance in differents types of plays, and cencentrating on the Iraqi actor (Sami Abdul Hameed).The first chapter, of the researcher deals with the methodical frame, the problem of the research in answering the following question : what is the mechanism the Iraqi actor (Sami Abdul Hameed) used to use in his acting? The Goal of the research is to discover that kinds of mechanics used by (Sami Abdul Hameed) in playing different parts types of plays.The second chapter, the researcher discusses the requirements for the performance of the actor in the theatrical production, which involves talent and training. The training of the actor depends on how to get flexible voice and body it depends also on getting an active imagination and to get the actor used on direct observation. The actor mustye trained on improvization.In the second section of the second chapter the researcher discusses the different styles of acting through out tha ages. In the third section he discasses the functions of the actor who laking a part in a play according to the ideas of some famous pesonalitie in the field of stage acting such as Sanislaviski, Merehold, Artaul, Brecht, and Grotoreki.In the third chapter, the research analyzes the mechnics of (Sami Abdul Hameed) performance of the main and secondary roles in five Iraqi plays : Al - Mutenabi, the poet, then Al - Magazily - the story teller, Shove in the Good woman, Manders, in the Ghosts and (He) in an Iraqi play called (Ghurba).According to analyze, the research reaches to the following conclusions : 1. the actor must know very well the requirement of playing any role in a play production.2. the actor must use his vocal and bodily abilitien as possible as he can for persondting the dramatic character he is playing and tranforing those characteristic, to make the spectator believe.3. the mechanics of playing differ according to the style of play production , the concept of playwright and of vision of the director.

الخصائص التصميمية للفضاءات الصغيرة في البيئة السكنية العراقية == The Properties Deessigning For Small Spaces In Iraqi Residential Environment

اسم المؤلف: صفا محمود ناجي رشيد
اسم المشرف: شيماء عبد الجبار حميد العبيدي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التصميم الداخلي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الفنون الجميلة - قسم التصميم
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: للوصول الى المرتكزات الاساسية لموضوع البحث الموسوم " الخصائص التصميمية للفضاءات الصغيرة في البيئة السكنية العراقية " حددت مشكلة البحث وفق التساؤل الاتي : ماهي الخصائص التصميمية للفضاءات الصغيرة في البيئة السكنية العراقية.؟ حددت الباحثة اهداف البحث على ال | To get to the basic cornerstones of the research topic "The Properties of Design for Small Spaces in Iraqi Residential Environment," I have identified the research problems according to the following question : What are the design characteristics of the small spaces in the Iraqi residential environment?The researcher has identified the objectives of the research as follows : ? Identifying the design characteristics for small residential spaces.? Finding properties for practical purposes theory of small spaces in the Iraqi residential environment.The research was identified by three boundaries : Reduction objective ,"The Properties Designing For Small Spaces in Iraqi Residential Environment" and the spatial limit : residential spaces with minimum area of 100 m² in the city of Baghdad Rusafa. The temporal limit, residential spaces constructed between 2003 and 2012. The researcher has identified the terms related to the subject matter, namely : characteristics, design and space, the environment and housing.The second chapter (theoretical framework) has included the study of three sections : Section I (space and residential space,) Section II (factors in determining the form of housing,) Section III (housing and the affecting environmental elements). The theoretical framework has produced a set of indicators, which helped the researcher to build axes form analysis.The third chapter has covered the search procedures, which included the research community consisting of the design characteristics of the small spaces in the Iraqi residential environment constructed between 2003 and 2011, with minimum area of 100 m² in the city of Rusafa section of Baghdad. The researcher has chosen the models intentionally following the descriptive approach to analyze the models. On the other hand, the analysis tool was a form axes analysis after it has been presented to the professors of experience and competency.The fourth chapter included quantitative results of samples and discussions : ? Achieved proportionality and harmony in the length and width dimensions of living space to grant visual and flexibility of the dynamic pathways and agreed with the manner of the formal organization of the furniture units.? As a result of the fact that housing is adjacent to another houses and low exposure of the outer walls of the house to the thermal radiation sources, led to the formation of thermally comfortable indoor environment for the occupants.Then there are the most important conclusions : - ? The textual simplicity and impartiality of the salient details and smooth exterior lines contributed to achieve capacity and feature the visual dimension and spaciousness to spaces.? It allows relying on the furniture units with usability and flexibility and investing walls of the space for the distribution of furniture and making use of the moving furniture, which is easily stored, in a space configuration meeting the needs of functionality and usability.I have then stated cornerstones reached by the research and recommendations and proposals, followed by the Arabic and English sources and indexes.

توظيف التقنيات الحديثة لتنمية مفاهيم التربية الفنية لطلبة الدراسة المتوسطة == The Employment of New Technology For The Development of Artistry Educational Concepts For The Intermediate Students

اسم المؤلف: حيدر ارحيم طاهر
اسم المشرف: عبد المنعم خيري حسين العاني
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد التربية الفنية وسيلة من وسائل التعبير عن انفعالات المتعلم وعواطفه واحاسيسه وخبراته واستثارته في الحياة في قالب من العمل الفني تحسب من خلالها العلاقات الرابطة بين الخطوط والمساحات والالوان والملامس والاتجاهات وانواع التوافق والتباين والاتزان التي تعكس | Artistry education is one of the approaches that expresses the emotions of the educated and his feelings ,senses ,expertise and consultation in life in artistry work mold accounted through relations between the lines , areas , colors , touching ,directions ,harmony ,differences and equanimity which reflects the relation of the educated one with the environment components in which he lives and recognizes of its values. The educated person may be artist if he was able to formulate his opinions and expressions in a mold enable the spectator by aware of its content and meaning and react with and accept it. Therefore; the educated person learn from his educational expertise and traditions , skills , directions and information etc. He gains educational expertise through his react with designed environment components for him. If we confirm during this process the aesthetic nature , it will be as comprehensive education for the educated by artistry education and its artistic concepts that make positive changes in his behavior. The formation and growth of artistry concepts in the field of artistry education lessons is continuous makes gradual progress from one class to another , and from stage to another with all its simplicity and complication, as grows in concept and develops in according to the growth of knowledge in the same subject in general and artistry education in particular due to maturity of the educated intellectually , educationally and artistically , and increase his expertise which need the correlation between educational situations and artistry concepts relevant to this subject that he studied. In accordance with what mentioned above, the Researcher suggests that the problem of the research aimed at : The employment of new technology for the development of artistry educational concepts which is fixed for the intermediate students. In order to achieve this objective , the researcher formulates the following objectives : - 1. Revealing the range of the employment of new technology in developing artistry educational concepts for the intermediate students.2. Designing teaching plans in the artistry education subject according to the new educational technology to teach the students artistry concepts.3. Measuring the efficiency of teaching plans through its implementation upon empirical sample from first year intermediate students.4. The employment of computer programs ( power point ) by using artistry education subject for intermediate study. In order to achieve those objectives , the researcher chose the society of his research from the first year intermediate students of intermediate stage belonging to the General Directorate for Rasafa ( 2 ) education by choosing ( 20 ) students subjected to empirical measures. Accordingly designing of teaching plan is made for limited artistry concepts with in artistry education fields. Then it was made a design of knowledge collection test , and another to measure by the form of evaluation of the skill performance. The results are displayed to a group of specialists experts in teaching methods , measurements and evaluation. In order to display the results , the researcher adopted a set of statistical means such as ( welcoksin ,t - test , Cuedor Richardson 20 , difficulty process equation and distinction , and Holisty equation.The main results that the researcher reaches are : - 1. The superiority of the empirical group who used artistry education teaching plans ( artistry concepts ) came because of organization in learning information ,educational expertise and sequence of required artistry skills and reach it to the students by clarity of educational objectives and behavior with knowledge performance and organized skills which facilitate gaining artistry concepts and implement them in their artistic expression through drawing.2. Education process is mental an skill process which is responded by the student for their effective contributions through getting artistry concepts and employ them in comply with educational situations specially that related artistry expression in drawing board which needs training on understanding those concepts and their distinction. Information could be measured through knowledge collection test and skill test according to the skill performance evaluation. According to those conclusions , the researcher recommended a group of recommendations which the most important are the following : - 1. Using prepared teaching plans in this research about the direction of use the skills of the colors with in artistry education teaching which are fixed for the secondary stage due to its effectiveness for developing visual and sensual concepts for the students and improve the artistic skill. 2. Any specialist instructor in artistry education subject can ask for the help of teaching plans contents in teaching this subject which includes asset of educational means ( educational pictures represented in the artistic boards made by international artists ) to help in remembering the knowledge that contains , in addition to get benefits from the knowledge collection test ( before and after ) and performance skills (before and after ) , and also using of skill performance evaluation form to identify the levels of the students before and after their study.3. Achieve utilization for related educational establishment which are interested in the courses of continuous education for the instructors during service and courses to develop their skills and increasing skill efficiency in teaching the color subject and employs it in their works while teaching secondary stage students with in artistry education lessons.

البناء الاستعاري لعناصر التعبير في الصورة السينمائية : دراسة في افلام ستيفن سبيلبرغ == Construction Metaphor Elements of The Expression In The Photo Film (Study In Films Steven Spielberg)

اسم المؤلف: حيدر صبري جعفر
اسم المشرف: رعد عبد الجبار ثامر الشاطي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون السينمائية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يتلخص البحث بكونه يتصدى لاحدى الاساليب البلاغية لكتابة الصورة السينمائية وهي الاستعارة التي يلجا اليها صانعو الافلام من اجل ايصال معان ودلالات قد تعجز الصورة المرئية التقليدية عن ايصالها , فاستخدامها يعمل على تصوير المعقول وجعله ماديا متجسدا, لتضع تصور | The metaphor is considered as one of direction means and treatments to which the film makers resort so as to convey meanings and indications that the real visual picture is unable to convey. So it depicted the sensible and made it embodied physical to lay an imagery and answers in renewable methods, thus it creates a new reality with more accuracy and adjustment via the cinematic picture due to what it owns of elasticity and great capacities on embodying the reality and the imagined together which make it of credibility and rhetoric in expression influencing the receiver. The metaphoric construction in the cinematic picture works at the formation between the visible expression elements that exist in this picture like the shape and the generated meaning. It is not possible to solve the intermingle of the metaphoric structure without addressing the vertical constructs and getting away from the linear or the horizontal reading, which means that metaphor relies basically on the intellectual construction and the aware imagery of the receiver to solve the reticulation of the metaphoric structure. The metaphoric structure refers to outside the limits of action or incidence itself, yet it has an intellectual dimension inside the pictorial frame that is a pillar for understanding the basic action. The metaphoric construction became a artistic need that works at more than one level inside the structure of the cinematic film, hence our study was within this axis under the title (The Metaphoric Construction ofthe Expression Elements in the Cinematic Picture). Thus, the study here is interested in addressing the metaphor and how it operates with the expression elements in a way that leads to enriching the optical and intellectual content in the scene structure and what the content of expressing intension achieves, expands and deepens the pictorial meaning and increases the receiver's attraction to interact with it. This is what the thesis contained through its chapters divided by the researcher into four chapters. The first chapter came as a methodological framework for the research comprising of the research problem and its necessity where the problem was defined by the following question : what are the ways according to which the metaphoric construction of the expression elements is made in the cinematic picture? Chapter two included the research theoretical framework and the most important previous studies which are connected with this research. This chapter included three sections, the first one was (The Concept of Metaphor) addressing the analysis of metaphor structure in language, its concept for the linguistic philosophers and modernist, its concept according to the modern theory in addition to the conceptual and cultural asymptotics and its concept in the cinema. The second section entitled (The Patterns of Cinematic Metaphor) was a definition of the metaphoric patterns which are shown in the cinematic picture. It was a must first to try to understand the properties and conception of the picture and its role in producing the meaning, also the context role in defining the meaning of metaphor and which the citations say that they attract the receivers' attention as a metaphor. In the third section entitled (The Operating Mechanisms of the metaphor in the System of Expression Elements), the researcher addressed the metaphor structure and its relation with the picture, thedirector and the receiver, the montage role, the phonetic structure and its different elements, the camera, the formation and the colors in constructing the metaphor in the cinematic picture. The research should extract indicators by which he is guided to analyze his samples, thus his indicators submitted to the evaluation of an elite of experts encompassed the analyses contained in the research. Some of the indicators were as the following : It was a must to be guided by the previous studies addressing the research topic, in that the researcher did not find academic studies join this research in address, but some limited uses of metaphor were found within their researches and the ones concerned our current research were discussed. As to chapter three, it was the chapter that contained the research procedures including the research method which was the descriptive method and the research sample.The fourth chapter included the extraction of the final result stemmed from the analysis which came to answer the aims posed by the researcher. The research concluded a group of conclusions deduced from the research results, this chapter also included some recommendations found necessary by the researcher as well as suggestions for next studies that are similar to some axes of this study which we could not answer and encompass them for future researches. The research also contained a list of references and sources on which the researcher relied.

تحولات الرسم في فنون ما بعد الحداثة واثرها في تنمية التفكير الناقد لدى المتعلمين : منهجي التلقي والتاويل انموذجا

اسم المؤلف: فاطمة محمد عبد الله العنبكي
اسم المشرف: جواد عبد الكاظم فرحان الزيدي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ارتبطت تحولات الرسم في فنون ما بعد الحداثة بالتبدلات الفكرية التي اتسمت بها فترة ظهورها، مما جعل الباطني واللامرئي اساسا في تحول العياني (البصري) على صعيد التقنيات والمعالجات اللونية والوسائل البصرية الاخرى. وبفعل التحولات الفكرية التي رافقتها مسارات جديد

تقنيات المسرح التجريبي وتطوير اداء الممثل نماذج من المسرح العراقي == The Techniques of The Experimental Theatre And Developing The Actor’s Performance (Samples From The Iraqi Theatre)

اسم المؤلف: مظفر كاظم محمد
اسم المشرف: سامي عبد الحميد نوري
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون المسرحية - اخراج وتمثيل
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The problem of this research is in answering the following question. How did the experimental’. Theatre techniques contribute in developing the performance of the Iraqi actors? The Goal of the research is to have knowledge about the actor’s training according to the techniques of the experimental theatre. Chapter two deals with the review of literature and includes three sections. The first section reviews the history of acting techniques throughout the ages. The second section discusses the theories of acting and the actor’s truing. The third section discusses the technique of the experimental theatre that concerns the actor’s performances, such as improvisation, the theory of ploy, the ensemble work. The researcher reviews those technical practices at same of the experimental companies like the living theatre, the group of Arianne Mnochkine , the open theatre of chicken, and the Odin theatre. In chapter three, the researcher chooses intentionally five Iraq theatre productions as samples for his research. The chapter contains adscription for the performance of each play and analysis for the actors of the main role in each production according to the techniques of the experimental theatre. The five productions are; (1) The Ritual of Sleep and Blood. Which is an adaptation for (Macbeth), directed by Sami Abdu ـ Hameed.(2) I apologize my master, the lessen ended, written Awatff Naeem , directed by Haythem Abdul. Razzaq.(3) Women at War, written by Jawad Al ـ Assadi, directed by Kadum Al ـ Nassar.(4) Curfew, written and directed by Muhaned Hadi.(5) Under Zero, written by Thabit Al ـ laythy, directed by Imad Mohamed.In chapter Four the researcher reaches the following conclusions;1) The techniques of the experimental theatre have been practiced by the Iraqi theatre groups to sonic extent.2) Using those techniques result in spontaneous acting and without artificial expression.3) At is impossible to use those techniques unless the play text is not traditional in it is structure.4) The experimental theatre has it is own characteristics such as simplicity and clarity. It also depends a lot on using semiotics in it is performance.

برنامج تدريبي في التذوق الموسيقي لتطوير مهارات التجويد القراني لطلبة علوم القران الكريم == Training Program In The Musical Apperception For Skills Development of Qur’An Tajweed of Students of Qur’Ans S

اسم المؤلف: فاضل عرام لازم
اسم المشرف: طارق حسون فريد
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: First chapter of the research deals with the problem felt by the researcher within the Qur'anic society. This problem is represented by urgent need for (Qur'anic Tone) in "Tajweed" Recitation of the Holy Quran, especially for the students of Qur'an Sciences. Therefore, a comprehensive field survey was conducted and showed that there is no any preceding specialized study for Master of PhD degree. This study was needed since adopted curricula are not available. The title is designated as follows : " Training Program for skills Development of Qur'anic Tajweed for students of Qur'an Sciences ".The research objectives : 1. Development of skills of students of Qur'an Sciences through designing a training program of musical appreciation according to Kemp's model (Kemp, 1985).2. Identifying the effectiveness of the training program of musical appreciation to develop the Qur'anic Tajweed of third grade students of Institute of Qur'an Sciences in both dimensions; cognitive and skillful.To verify these objectives the researcher put two zero assumptions.Second chapter is divided into three topics. First topic deals with the >>>>>> of the instructional design including the preparation steps of training program, presenting the steps of Kemp's model (Kemp, 1985) and the voiced skill. Second topic deals with the origin of Tajweed, its fundamentals, Qur'anic recitations, recitation ranks and Qur'anic tones. Third topic deals with musical appreciation and its levels, eight eastern maqams, human voice, raising up and training and criticism in recitation of Holy Qur'an.Third chapter deals with research proceeds and steps of design and applications of training program. The society of the research includes students of Institute of Qur'an Sciences / National Centre of Qur'an Sciences Shia Waqf, averaged to 64 students. The sample was whom they formed 23% of original society.3. Since the current research adopted the experimental methodology, a training program of musical appreciation according was designed according to Kemp's model (Kemp, 1985). It is one group pre - test post - test with minimum control. To measure the efficacy of this program, two types of tests was designed. First type is cognitive achievement to measure the data acquired by the student. Second type is skillful measured by form of skilful performance assessment with is dedicated for this purpose. The two tools were subjected to consistency and validity and reliability procedures.The experiment was conducted in 62 class periods, divided into 38 days (8 weeks), from 15/11/2011 to 10/1/2012 and for the academic year 2011/2012 at the abovementioned Institute.To show the result of the experiment, the following means was utilized : 1. Wilcoxon Test : to identify the variation between pre and post response and performance of the students of experimental group.2. Difficulty and Discrimination Coefficient : to analyze the items of the cognitive achievement test.3. Cooper Equation : to calculate the correction ratability in skillful performance test.4. Richardson Equation : to calculate the reliability of cognitive achievement test.Fourth chapter introduces study results and discussion.Significant results attained in the research are as follows : 1. Prominence of training program for students designed according to Kemp's model (Kemp, 1985), since it is arranged in accordance to serial strategic steps through Tajweed performance of Holy Qur'an Verses.2. Efficiency of cognitive part of instructional content of program, represented by cognitive post - tests in addition to the efficiency of experimental group in understanding and accepting the program.3. Efficiency of skillful part of training content of program, which represented by students marks "sample of research", to accept this study and dedicating it to Tajweed of Holy Qur'an Verses.4. Effectiveness and influence of instructional means and educational techniques - used by the by the researcher to clarify the idea in to the minds of students - in arranging the training program content. Also, introducing the program through Microsoft PowerPoint software assisted the student to develop his musical appreciation through listening at the time of training program.5. The limited consistent reinforcement contributed in each instructional duty. This was made available by instructional actions and activities per each instructional unit; this was represented when targeted sample individuals of actions and activities introduced to the result of actions and activities the made. This lead to increase in learning effectiveness and efficiency.6. Negative feedback represented by permanent view and comprehensive and consistent assessment to the program lead to review and reversion of most of program's items. This played a significant role in crystallizing and modifying the content and technique of the program.In the light of the results of the research, a set of conclusions, recommendations and suggestions was presents

توظيف برنامج الرسام في درس التربية الفنية لاكساب مهارات الرسم لتلامذة المرحلة الابتدائية == Employment of Al_ Rassam Program In Art Education Lesson To Gaining Drawing Skills To Pupils of Primary Stage

اسم المؤلف: حيدر كاظم سيد
اسم المشرف: رعد عزيز عبد الله
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تفرض طبيعة التطور الثقافي المعاصر، وما ينطوي عليه من تقدم معرفي وتكنولوجي فريد، متطلبات جديدة، تهدف الى تمكين الفرد من استيعاب عناصر الثقافة ومهاراتها ووسائطها، ومن حسن استخدامها وتوظيفها.فقد ادى التطور في تقنية الحاسوب وبرمجياته الى تطور | Imposing nature of the contemporary cultural development , and the implications of technological progress and knowledge unique new requirements, designed to enable the individual to absorb the elements of culture, skills, and its arguments and good use and employment. Has led the development in computer technology and software to the development in the fields of all life, where he witnessed the contemporary world developments of civilization and culture was one of its causes, the adoption and employment potential of computers and software in various fields, The computer fertile ground for the growth of science and the arts in all its different forms has become a common denominator of human activities, as characterized by its advantages such as speeding, accuracy and multiple options and quality in the implementation of the tasks required, which saves time and human effort. It is by drawing in the studied art education at the primary one of the activities that can accommodate and benefit from the potential of computer and in which there is the application software, including the - Al - Rassam program as an effective and easy to use can be used by students in the production of sketches and expression of art from the screen, and as give them the ability to dealing with the software and benefit from the present and future. But to benefit from these tools (computers and application software - Al - Rassam program) depends on knowledge of the use of such software and handled by pupils. From here emerged the problem of current research, which was not familiar with pupils , cognitive and skills using this program available within the Windows operating system , which prevents them from employment and thus invest the computer in the study of art education - the visual (drawing) in primary schools equipped laboratory computer, and it proved to be the researcher need to give pupils the skills and expertise knowledge and performance necessary to enable them to invest and benefit from, and therefore the goal of the current search to the following : - gaining pupils of primary stage , computer drawing skills - Al - Rassam program (Paint). The achievement of this goal, requires the following two sub - goals : 1 - Design a module in the self - learning computer skills drawing - Al - Rassam program. 2 - measuring the effectiveness of the module dimensions of knowledge and skills, through experimental testing on a sample of the pupils of primary stage. Determine the current research community pupils primary schools equipped computer laboratory of the Directorate General for Education Baghdad Rusafa second. Total sample (20) male and female pupils of the pupils of the fifth grade were chosen the way random from two primary schools, was the application of the module intended for the drawing skills Computer - Al - Rassam program , on the sample which formed the whole experimental group one, as it adopted the experimental design per set with a minimum of settings for measuring the effectiveness of the module dimensions of knowledge and skills, and the purpose of collection and data collection was designed two tools : - cognitive test : to measure what pupils possessed of information about computer drawing skills - Al - Rassam program application module before and after. - skill test : to measure what pupils possessed the skills to draw a computer - Al - Rassam program , application module before and after, and is measured according to the form to evaluate the performance skills consisting of (21), paragraph prepared for this purpose.Subjected tools in research and application performance evaluation skills with the terms of honesty and alignment and stability, for adoption in the current search. the researcher use, a number of statistical methods in the current research were transactions of difficulty and discrimination of the paragraphs of achievement test knowledge, and the correlation coefficient (Pearson) to verify the stability of achievement test knowledge in a retail mid - term and re - test application and to verify the stability of the correction form for evaluating performance skills, and used the equation Spearman - Brown to correct the value of reliability coefficient calculated between the two halves in a retail midterm test, and use the test (T - Test) for the two samples interrelated to show search results that have been reached and that was the following : 1 - effectiveness of the module next to give the pupils knowledge in information about computer drawing - Al - Rassam program. 2 - the effectiveness of the module next to them in the skills give pupils the skills needed to draw a computer - Al - Rassam program. The most important conclusions that were drawn from the results are : 1 - the adequacy of educational content of the module next to knowledge. 2 - the adequacy of educational content of the module next to the skill. 3 - the effectiveness of self - learning formula instructional - learning to give pupils information and skills, including computer drawing skills - Al - Rassam program. In light of the findings the researcher recommended the following : 1. Benefit from the content of the module in giving pupils the primary (school - equipped computer lab) computer - drawing skills - Al - Rassam program. 2. Adoption of the content of the module by the Centers for preparation and training of the Directorates General for Education, to give teachers of art education computer drawing skills - Al - Rassam program , through the establishment of training courses to enable them to give their pupils these skills. account Al - Rassam program possess potential , and easily of composition dues and dealing with the images and edit texts, And contain tools of cut and stir and paste, and to complete interest, the researcher suggesting to adjective search the following : (gaining pupils of stage secondary, skills of collage art , using Al - Rassam program).

اشكالية اشتغال مضمرات الصورة في بناء سردية اللغة السينمائية == Problematic of Processing of Hidden Picture In Narrative Cinema Language

اسم المؤلف: حيدر فيصل كريم
اسم المشرف: صباح مهدي الموسوي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون السينمائية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: انبثقت موضوعة البحث انطلاقا من الهم العلمي الذي كان يعتري مخيلة الباحث لفهم المعاني والمعلومات المضمرة في الخطاب السينمائي، التي تمتلك حضورها الفاعل داخل فضاء الصورة الفلمية بكونها بنية لامرئية ترتبط بقصدية صانع العمل، يتطلب تحديدها فهم العلاقات التداولي | My thesis subject Emerged from the Scientific concerns over pragmatic Cinema, which was overcome the researcher's imagination how to understand the meanings and the information implicit in the Film Festival principles, which has acting presence, starting from the basis of the relationship between the recipient and language film, and this prompted the researcher to engage in the field which almost difficult even at the level of studies literary For that , it demands us to look of methodology to determine the standards by which to unveil implicit in the narrative cinema, for reaching such a study we have to sat categories based on scientific, which we can through it characterize photographical Cinema and identified by Laws , because it sat the method in determining the implicit, Which that requires sitting a development of a comprehensive study to determine the pragmatic cinema, and then determine work according to the implicit key concepts identified by the researchers or students, on cinema application. For the purpose of adopting approach to means of methodological Cinema in study the relationship between actors and narrative image to build a narrative language film,Especially with the concept of pragmatic cinema immerse from the relationship between actors the recipient as well as language of the film (the perspective of a film), The researcher divided it into four chapters, as the following : Chapter I (methodological framework) has included the research problem, which adopted the following question : Who did it operate in the narrative language of cinema? On the importance of the research and the need for it , then we has touched the necessities and the need for that adopt this subject, and then select the objective of this research from the title and the problem, as the following : detection operation implicit in the narrative elements of film language. Selecting a researcher of the three borders, and seal Chapter status determine the terms contained in the Title, as well as the message board. In the second quarter (theoretical framework), the researcher divided into three themes, and as follows : First research has dealt with (implicit... the term and concept) which were studied implied by searching in the laws of the deliberative, which requires study traffic concepts of semiotics of the following : (installation, significance and interpretation) to access the propositions, deliberative, and then discussed the laws of the deliberative - on - scope language. The second topic was the (implicit in the narrative film), and the researcher in this section as the laws of deliberative tools detect implicit picture, and it has been discussed establishing deliberative principle in the art of film by examining the evolution of the relationship between the recipient and the film.The third section dealt with the subjectThe first chapter of thesis is about (the hidden... concept and etymology) which we studied the hidden through out searching in the pragmatic law , which its study conditioning the Known the following of the principle of cinema (the composition, evidence and theory) in order to reach to pragmatic theory, Then searching through out the pragmatic law according to its scopeThe Second chapter of thesis is about ( the Hidden in narrative film )Which deals with the pragmatic law describing it as the tools that could reveals the Hidden Picture , In that we studied the scope of pragmatic cinema in the Cinema Art through out the processing of developing the relation between Audience and Cinema Film. The Second chapter of thesis is about (the Hidden in cinema photograph ) we studied the results of creation to sit the elements of the cinema language for the hidden cinema photograph production.then focusing the previous studies for thesis , after finished the viewing scope for the thesis we reached band of signs which we depend on it as tools for analysis the thesis sample and after depending on experts and Instructors In the Third Chapter in that Thesis we have (Methodological scope)We choice sample for reasons explained in the Third Chapter ,then analyzing samples of two films as the following : )PERFUME)، (THE IRON LADY(In the fourth chapter we have ( Results and conclusions ) after analyzing the sample , we reaches to band of results • In the result of hidden as relation between audience and cinema photograph ( pragmatic film ) which starts from the analysis of the (composition and evidence ) for cinema photograph , which we achieved wide concept for the cinema as we have taken in the sample We reached from the viewing results of the thesis we have conclusion • The picture taken by hidden through out scopes of forms of methodological expression in the film which transforms to serious of action of pictures that formed the film chain.. Finally I have concluded my Thesis according to your recommendations

اليات اشتغال النسق والتكرار في التصميم الطباعي == Mechanisms of Functioning of Pattern And Repetition In Graphic Design

اسم المؤلف: ازهر يوسف مبارك
اسم المشرف: نصيف جاسم محمد عباس
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التصميم الطباعي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الفنون الجميلة - قسم التصميم
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Represent the relationship between pattern and repetition and Achtgalhma in Graphic Design One of the relationships that lead to control structure design and which are of a role in influencing perceptions of the receiver in the definition of the idea and will lead to the success of the letter addressed to contribute to the delivery of the idea put forward as based axis current research on the study of thosemechanism and implications left by the advertising design forms and sizes all, companions have easy in the process of receiving, including what constitutes a difficulty in the process of visual perception and through the process of cognitive clear Achtgalat patterns design and the promise Graphic Design of iterations of the elements of building, causing confusion in the process of receiving because of employmentis appropriate for design formats, where enrolled search in several classes, came the first chapter select a research problem which manifested itself by asking the following : - What are the mechanisms of operation of pattern and repetition in Graphic Design ?The importance of search through the possibility of its contribution to the benefit of printing and institutions, including newspapers and magazines through a better understanding of these mechanisms and Achtgaladtha, as well as for the development of design awareness among workers in the field of Graphic Design, which would in turn enrich their cognitive awareness.Select the aim of the research to define the mechanisms of operation of pattern and repetition in Graphic Design in general and advertising in particular.Cared theoretical framework with four sections, touched first topic to (Layout and repetition in the Koran as well as in philosophy and art), while interested in the second section (Layout and redundancy in the structure of Graphic Design, structural layout design, structural perceptions Altibograveh in design, patterns written, structure perceived Alkraveka in design), and touched the third section to (Layout and redundancy in communication process in terms of the concept and its elements as well as the format and frequency and mechanism of perception, communication and design language, perception and coordinated communication design), the fourth section, Vttriq to (semiotic pattern and repetition, semiotics in design typographic elements Alkravekah and implications of semiotics, signifier and signified PHP design elements).In the third quarter was the description and analysis (20) sample - based research into paragraphs derived from the analysis of the theoretical framework, and its outcome indicators were as follows : - The dimensions of the functioning of the format. - Repetitive structure. - The functioning of the structure. - Layout and redundancy by writing patterns. - Recurring pattern through the communication dimension. - Layout and redundancy by perception. - Semiotic pattern and repetition. - Engage in relational system of pattern and repetition.According to the contents of each individual model, the fourth chapter, has included a presentation of the findings of a researcher, and numbered (19) as a result, with regard to the aim of the research, including : 1 - hired Layout pivotal parties with confirmation relations structural Association between shape and space, that the adoption of Opto Recurring pivotal clearly indicates typical treatments carried out by designers working in design commercials that are often printed product charges, from planning trademark Anwanat and images.2 - represents balance types in the organization Opto and Recurring through recruiting Alkravekah with the larger sizes of pictures and that ran large swathes of the overall size basis for designing advertising, as though the adoption of outsize pictures and some elements Alkravekah that that which comes to confirm the importance of image in the reporting and in occupancy space and that calls shorthand in other elements as well as direct delivery of content that you upload.3 - hired format redundancy through an overlay images and who reported in reducing the sizes in cases available where large images size, as is the pattern overlay formal which depends repeat elements among the processors technical construction which resorted to the designer to show the largest number of images or shapes related advertising as envisaged and lead color, size large role in clarifying the mechanism overlay which requires clarity in the employee elements.4 - hired format repetition vertical structure design, and that by repeating elements contrast volumetric and chromatography, as a kind of regulation iterative whatever is meant to pull the attention of the seer according to the mechanism from top to bottom and make itmove according Values available in design, and is working through volumetric variation and color, as you can start vertically from top to bottom or vice versa.5 - adopted Layout radiation emanating from the center to the sides with investment Vocabulary large sizes to balance formality, as is commonly this format much in structure design with Vocabulary numerous terms easier for the designer distributed through a single prevalent and organized around Vocabulary other way diffusivity some aspects.6 - hired Layout hierarchy in highlighting the individual formal prevailing advertised, and comes this employment in order to attract the recipient and influence it and procedure requires gradual Values from top to bottom (repeat hierarchy), as if the base address and ranging beyond Anwanat another and so on.The researcher also suggest a set of assumptions that will be an important focus for future studies, including : 1 - benefit from design methods with which designers Alaalaon developed countries Kravekaa and industrially, particularly in the area of employment pattern and repetition of images and other vocabulary.2 - Find insights and new ideas in the design of the advertising formula and published and Akhraja final and must know the equipment and print - related media.3 - the pursuit of understanding of digital design and learning software, which deals with design Alkraveka it the most effective way to develop an understanding of the designer of what is happening in the field is the arena foundation and important episodes of the deal modern Alkraveka.

المكون الصوري بين التشفير والتاويل في القراءة الاخراجية : فاضل خليل انموذجا == The Image Components Between Encoding And Interpretation In The Directorial Reading (Fadhil Khalel Example)

اسم المؤلف: حيدر حسن عبيد
اسم المشرف: عقيل مهدي يوسف
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون المسرحية - اخراج وتمثيل
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ينطلق البحث في محاولة لرصد عمليتي التشفير والتاويل للمكون الصوري للعرض باعتبار ان العرض المسرحي عملية تواصل تعتمد على وجود خطاب مكون من مجموعة رسائل توجه بشكل قصدي من قبل باث الى مستلم ليقوم المستلم بقرائتها ولا يمكن قراءة هذه الرسائل الا بفك شفراتها، ان | The research attempts to monitor the process of encoding and interpretation of the image component of the show, that the theatrical is a communication process which depends on a speech containing a group of message which are deliberately directed by a broadcaster to a receiver whom will read the message which cannot be read unless their codes will be decoded. The first component for any mark or a message depends on the internal relation process between the gesticulation and meaning among the marks in the directed message.Theses internal relations are the roles which govern the way of encoding to generate the marks of the theatrical show as sequence image show in a period of time, theses image consist of two parts the first is the visual component and the second is the invisible component and by the unity of these two parts produce the image component which contains show message that consist of the marks, these marks contain the gesticulation and meaning that are connected by the low of the code. Throughout this code the interpretational reading of the show will be achieved and by encoding, from the text to the image and the reading from the image to the meaning, the aesthetic distances will be established of the process of the encoding and interpretation that belongs to the image component of the theatrical show.Thus this mechanism represents an attempt to recognize the means of the encoding, the interpretation and the marks guiding of the image components of the theatrical show starting from its change to image code, ending to the interpretational meaning.The study includes (the image components between encoding and interpretation in the directorial reading Fadhil Khalel example) the four chapter are as follows : The first chapter (the approach framework) we dealt with the problem of the research and how to convert the visual to invisible and vice versa, throughout the process of encoding and the interpretation which are the based on cinematic thesis in order to figure out the way that these changes arise from the text to image and the way of establishing the image components of the show, this chapter includes : 1 - the problem of the research.2 - the significance of the research.3 - the objectives of the research.4 - the limits of the research.5 - identifying the terms.The second chapter includes the (theoretical framework)in which theorizing the rules, that were established, have been dealt. throughout these rules, the aesthetic process of encoding and interpretation that belongs to the image component of the theatrical show will be accomplished.this chapter include four section : 1 - section one : the concept of the image components between the visual and the invisible : in this section we discussed the theories and the opinions about establishing the image and how the imaginations interfere with the material in order to form a component relies on the artistic creative process.2 - section two : the encoding of the image component : in this section we discussed how recognize the formation the code and its change from the text to the image with various levels as well as the types of the codes and its derivatives.3 - section three : interpretation of image component : in this section we discussed how the interpretational reading has been formed depending on the process of encoding and creating a superficial and deep meaning, in addition to the most prominent interpretational theories and what is the definite and indefinite interpretation. 4 - section four : aesthetic values of encoding process and interpretation of image component : in this chapter we discussed the aesthetic process of encoding as well as delivering examples of different codes which discovered throughout a creative process by modern playwrights and the matter that led to perceptions which are different and interpretational.Then the researcher discussed previous studies which are concerned with the encoding and the interpretation and the obtained the results of the research theoretical framework for analyzing experimenting the samples.The third chapter (the procedures of the research) discussed two topics : 1 - the approach of the research : as the analyzing descriptive approach has been adopted.2 - discussing the sample which has deliberately chosen and analyzing it according to the parameters which had been concluded from the theoretical framework, the sample had been formed from three shows of the Iraqi director Fadhil Khalel. 1 - Cedra2 - Fi Aeali al hob3 - HerostradThe fourth chapter includes the result of the research : The research came out with conclusions and suggestion, then recommendations of the research which asserted the significance of the process of encoding and interpretation in addition to the necessity of expanding the work with it. Attached with the list of the research and a summery in English.

دور التربية الفنية في تشكيل الوعي الجمالي الاجتماعي == The Role of Arts Education In Forming Social Beauty Awareness

اسم المؤلف: صلاح رهيف امير الزاملي
اسم المشرف: ماجد نافع عبود الكناني
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تتمثل قوة الامم اليوم في قدرتها على بناء الروح العلمية والنقدية لابنائها من اجل الحياة في عصر واسع في قدراته واندفاعاته المعرفية، التي تتحدى العقل الانساني تفوق امكانات الخيال والتصور، من هنا تاخذ قضية الوعي الانساني عموما والجمالي خصوصا اهميتها وحضورها | The power of nations today is represented by their ability to build the scientific and critical spirit of their people in order to live in the age of wide learning abilities and rush which challenges human mind in spectra's that one higher than the imagination.thus, human awareness in general and beauty specifieally take their importance and presence in the heart of each knowledge and awareness.The process of forming and development is considered necessity and for all these nations , peoples and societies among them our big society in which we live which includes education - learning environment that needs this human awareness and social beautiful awareness. Thus this awareness needs human and material abilities to form and develop.Thus, arts education is considered one of these mechanisms which contribute in its formation through its modern elements and trends.Thus the researcher works to give future image before the planners of arts education text books considering experiences that contribute in forming beauty awareness through social theories.Thus, he introduces this experience to contribute in developing arts education first ,then promote this subject to take its natural among studying subjects as it concerns to change the behavior of learner.Among them ,how to develop his awareness and sensitivity towards the beauty of the things that appears in his environment and how to deal with it.Then the ability to employ them in his daily life.This subject could be reflected in its objectives on the learners' life.Consequently we shall have a generation cope with the changes in the future.This research aims to : 1 - Know the role of arts education as a social process which contribute positively in forming social beauty awareness 2 - Forming textual structure of philosophic and thinking visions to activate test and beauty awareness such as the researcher vision in introducing outlines for a proposed course for arts education includes objectives , experiences and learning activities. Theoretical frame considered them in aspects represented in (beauty awareness ,social theories and the concepts of modern arts education ) The third chapter includes the procedures of the research which are based on two types of methods represented in description analytic method and developing method.The society of the research was limited in three axis : First ; For the experts of scientific, education and art specialty to take their opinions about the validity of the enquiries of theoretical frame and truth of the research instruments as well as show the elements of the researcher's vision of the art education course that includes ( learning objectives ,behavioral objectives , learning contains and learning activities ) on them.Second : Male and female teachers of art education for secondary stage in General Directorate of Rusafa /3 whos opinions were taken for the learning objectives and their abilities to analyze and form it behaviorally to agree with the learning contains of art education guidance for this stage in 2009.Third : Male and female students of the secondary schools from the same directorate. A sample from them were addressed the test of social beauty awareness.After theses propping studies ,based on surveying for previous studies and resources ,viewing their philosophic and thinking aspects and according to the objectives and procedures of the research which works to collect data and information it benefit in showing the results the research was conclude to in introducing the vision to proposed course for art education including objectives, experiences and enriching activities.The dissertation came up with several recommendation of which as : 1 - Taking into consideration the results of this research in the way that activate the area of social and beauty awareness for the learners according to art education roles and various fields such as modern trends(history of arts ,science of beauty ,criticism ,art test, art product ) 2 - The necessity renew studying courses and courses of secondary stage specially art education and transferred to modern and scientific subjects and concern of technological contributions ( electronic learning ,electronic , library ,electronic museum.etc…)

العقلانية التطبيقية في التشكيل المعاصر : دراسة تحليلية == Applied Rationalism In Contemporary Plastic Arts Analytical Study

اسم المؤلف: نبراس وفاء بدري
اسم المشرف: نجم عبد حيدر الجنديل
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الرسم
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تؤمن العقلانية التطبيقية بتحاور مناهج فلسفية عدة ؛ اذ تسعى الى المصالحة بالتركيب العاطفي بين الاضداد ؛ اي التاليف والتركيب بين التناقضات الميتافيزيقية ( ميتافيزياء العقل وميتافيزياء الواقع ) منطلقة من ثنائية لا من وحدة ؛ فهي فلسفة الرفض الذي يعني الاحتوا | Applied rationalism believes in the dialogue of several philosophical methodologies. It seeks to reconciliation through the sentimental composition between opposites ; which means the authorship and composition between metaphysical contradictions ( metaphysicality of the reason and metaphysicality of reality ) originating from duality and not oneness. It is the philosophy of rejection which means containments , i.e. it is dialectical and undialectical. Applied rationalism with its movement from thought to reality is an open philosophy which believes in selective methodology and objective criteria via a wide system of criteria. The study of art and aesthetic as all philosophical researches is subjected to a framework of mind which specifies the affiliation , thus we have dealt in this research with the study of applied rationalism in contemporary plastic arts since we believe in this rationalism which starts from instantaneous time , and then a philosophy for action and after that a comprehensive methodology with a philosophy of creative construction which does not stop. This means that it is described as a doctrine in giving births by adopting phenomenology and psycho analysis in each of the two contradicting fields ( science and art ) which seek authorship and composition between them.The study consists of four chapters. The first chapter takes interest in the methodological framework of the research. The problem of the research starts from the enquiry concerning ( what is the explanation of the dialectical relationship between scientific thought as specified incident and the imaginative , poetic , dreaming and meditative incidents which can formulate a plastic art ). Its hypothesis is represented by ( irrationality of postmodern art is an applied rationalism ). The research aims at ( established aesthetic and artistic critical vision depending on applied rationalism method and disclosing the mechanisms for the working of applied rationalism in contemporary plastic arts ). The limits of the research consist in studying the Bachelardian applied rationalism and art production in contemporary plastic arts which belongs to artistic movements succeeding world war II in the United States of America and Europe. As well as the methodological framework , the first chapter consists of a presentation and discussion of previous studies related to the research subject.Chapter two sets to undertake the theoretical framework of the study and consists of two sections. The first section is concerned with the study of rationalism and its transformation from abstraction of mind to abstraction in performance theorizing , and dealt with : rationality , experiential rationalism and applied rationalism. The second section deals with the transformative of Bachelardian applied rationalism ( Bachelard theory of aesthetic in creative imagination and artistic image ). It is interested in the study of the essence of Bachelard imagination and day dreaming as an imaginative instrument. It also deals with the study of phenomenology of poetic image ( artistic ) by Bachelard from point of its creativity and reception. The second chapter concluded to an aggregation of points which reveal a criticizing , aesthetic and artistic vision according to the methodology of applied rationalism. The third chapter is devoted to the procedures of the research and consists of its community , sample , instrument used , methodology and analysis of sample. As for chapter four , it consists of the research results , conclusions and recommendations. A number of basic results have been reached which achieved the aim of the research , such as : 1. Cotemporary plastic arts are characterized , as existence , by circularity , i.e. round existence ( Phenomenal ). Art departs objective reality and returns back to it. Thus , there is a kind of succession between subjectivity and objectivity. 2. There are epistemological obstacles and obstructions : common sense , generalization , verbality , essentiality and animism. These are the source of unity of artistic work in contemporary plastic arts.3. Contemporary plastic arts perform materialistic imagination and presents it over formal imagination. Materialistic imagination relegates essence and transports it to a case of trope or symbol not abstracted from sense or reality. 4. Poetic day dreaming which is considered an isolation phenomenon and passing psychological case is an instrument of imagination for extracting objectivity in contemporary plastic arts. 5. The contemporary plastic arts are formative not given , i.e. the are facts ( events ).Thus , the artistic image in contemporary plastic arts is posterior not prior and is a neonate of emotional authorship and composition between opposites ( metaphysical contradictions ). 6. Contemporary plastic arts are characterized by openness , i.e. the capability of review and exegesis. They declare the death of the image and realization of form , not as an essence which is unpenetrating but in its description as incomplete and unspecified , i.e. a domain of capabilities.7. Contemporary plastic arts rise as a result of identification of reception and creativity , a continuation between the artist and recipient through a separation , i.e. the artistic image ( origin ) in which the artistic work leans on regarding it as a medium that inspires raw senses ( subject ).The conclusions reached are : 1. The irrationality of postmodern art is applied rationalism , i.e. contemporary plastic arts are considered applied rational.2. Contemporary plastic arts are psychological - epistemological , they conduct a total behavior via construction and authorship between function and structure.

السمات الغرائبية للشخصية الدرامية في افلام الفنتازيا == Instinctual Features of The Character In The Drama Film Fantasia

اسم المؤلف: معتز محمد علي جبر
اسم المشرف: صباح مهدي الموسوي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون التلفزيونية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The imagination represents the bases which the arts and especially the art film set out from it, and how treat with the imagination in description of the reality of the movie is the moderns of Cinematographic kinds, according to the self - evident of the imagination, is the real driver for the films the Realism and Impressionism, the story or the Directorial vision and the way which the cinematographic language elements are employing, it must to raise on a large estimate of the imagination, the imagination is consider the base element, so the researcher found that specialization of Fantasia subject which is known fantasy, it was the motive to make it as a subject for his research by rely on the strange characters for the other dramatic figures, these figures have common features which distinguish from the other of the figures dramatic. They are figures which couldn’t available within the physically world, but they set out from the reality to the maximum degree of imagination whether in terms of the shape or from another side the ability to do extraordinary deeds, all that give it libration from the abstracts which tie up the material worlds. the strange figure in Fantasia movies is considered an important element, Innovative and creative, it works by sharing with other figures to reach the Content associated with the Exoticism, from this point of the imagination, the researcher has limited a title of this research as following ((Exoticism features of drama figures in movies Fantasia)), the research has been divided in four chapters : The first chapter/ the Systematic framework which include : The research problem which Crystallized in these questions : what the exoticism features and how show in building the dramatic figure in Fantasia movies? Aims of the research : the revealing about the exoticism features of the dramatic figure in fantasia movies. In addition to show the important of the research and its borders and conclude the chapter by limiting the most important terms.The second chapter ((Theoretical framework)), it has been divided to three researches as following : The first research : consist of fantasia movies ((type and feature)) The second research : the research consist of the exoticism features for the dramatic figure The third research : it deals element role of the cinematographic language in embody the exoticism features for the dramatic figure.In the third chapter : (research measures) the researcher depended on the analytical Descriptive approach according to Indicators of the theoretical framework describing as analyses instrument, after it has been offered to group of the experts, finally it has been chosen the research, they are documentary movies and he put them for many reasons, finally the research has analyzed sample of the research as following : ((X men, The Fantastic four, Thief of thunderbolt, Nightmare in Elem Street))The fourth chapter, the results and Conclusions : it has consist of the most important of the results and conclusions that the researcher has reached as following1 - The Extraordinary capacity for the dramatic figure consider the Instinctual qualities which Fantasia movie bases on 2 - form Embodiment of the instinctual figure presents one of the necessities which reveal about it’s the Instinctual qualities.The most important conclusions are,1 - Fantasia movie represents a Cinematographic kind, which has specialty in presenting a specific subject also the Cinematographic treatments 2 - The dramatic figure in Fantasia movie a large space in variety operation on level of the form and function because multitude its forms, they may be human figure, but it has superpower or Mythic Creatures or monsters Finally it has been offered the recommendations and the suggestions and it has been ended the research by list of the sources.

الدلالات الزمنية للصورة في الدراما التلفزيونية == The Time Indications Forpicture In Television Drama

اسم المؤلف: صابرين كامل زيدان خلف
اسم المشرف: عصام عيسى علوان السامرائي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون التلفزيونية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان وعينا لمفهوم الزمن وادراكنا له,ليس في كونه زمنامجردا,بل في معايشتنا له,جعل الباحثة تستقصي حالات بناء الزمن ودلالته وكيفية نشوء فكرته لدى الانسان وصولا الى ادراكه واستيعابه من خلال البنى الفنية بتعدد صنوفها وحالاتها والتي تصاغ بسبل درامية تعطي متصوا انس | That our awareness of the concept of time is not in the fact that time merely, but in the Maistna him to make a researcher investigating cases of building time and the significance and how the emergence of the idea of a guidance man down to the perceptible and absorbed through the structures of art multiplicity of its different, situation and formulated ways of dramatic give a vision humanly creative about the time.In aspects of the philosophical, scientific and technical witness the effect of time and the concept of time, occupies an important place in the drama in human life, self and external environment and society, all this gives the structure of image work dramatic themes promise revolves time Petrchinha So it was a question that deals with the search : (What are the qualities under which the pixels to produce indications of time of the events in the drama TV show?)The first chapter deals with the structure of the research, the problem and the need for it, its goal and its importance, and which controls the border area of research as well as determine the terms.Chapter II addresses the theoretical framework (two topics), the first contains several sections and includes each time its concept, types and concept philosophically, and in the section other includes the structure of semantic of the image in the television drama, and represents the time in which to infer the effects of time of the artwork and understood by the receiver when watching action film and television and then reviewed by a researcher the results of the theoretical framework and left him in several indicators,In the third quarter, which includes measures of research methodology - sample of the research - the search tool and the unit of analysis,Finally moving to the fourth quarter to deal with the analysis of samples selected from the serials, which have been selected Qsidia two series (King Farouk, another series of kings) and through the search tool is obtained, our findings through the analysis and thus complete the research conclusions, proposals and recommendations complementary to search then fixed list sources and supplements

برنامج تعليمي لاكساب طلبة قسم التربية الفنية المهارات الجسدية == Teaching Program For The Acquistion Students of Department of Art Education Body Skills

اسم المؤلف: رسول عباس حسن
اسم المشرف: صفاء الدين حسين جمعة التميمي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: في اطار رؤية تربوية متطلعة نحو التجديد، تتاكد النظرة الشمولية للنظام التربوي التي ترى ان المؤسسة التعليمية مركز علمي وتربوي وثقافي واجتماعي يتخذ من التعليم وسيلة لتحقيق اغراض متعددة لا تقتصر على الاعداد العلمي والعملي للحياة الانتاجية، بل اعداد الفرد للتف | In structure of ambitious educational view to renew , universal view of educational system certified that consider teaching institution as social centre , educational , culture , scientific adopt teaching as mean to fulfill multi - purposes not restrict on scientific arrangement or practical for productivity life , but arrange private to safe interaction with the society on strong bases of relativity or good relations and tolerance , the education of art aims to cultivate people and arrange him universally , it is one of sciences that take care for sympathy , mind , body , psychology , social , beauty fields all of them to provide student of art education with experiences , knowledge skills to make him use them with better shape , benefit himself or his society , through study textbooks that were taught to student , with developing of science , language of body become occupies scientists ,m and it was transformed to science taught in universities , every movement or indication has meaning or aim , one move by head may mean more of words , for following up that developing become necessary to student of department of education art to have body skills are given to him in the subject of drama body fitness , experiences assist him to make drama shows that take body as a tool for it to take thought properly emptied from defects or false to make drama movements , from this it was shown need to arrange student of art education to make him acquire body skills through teaching program was designed for this purpose , accordingly the aim of currently research to fulfill the following : Acquire students of department of art education physical skills For purposes of fulfill this aim , should fulfill the following branches aims : 1 - uncover reality of physical fitness as it is study subject from textbook to arrange student of department of art education to profession of teaching.2 - design teaching program in physical skills for two sides knowledge and skillful according to Kanih & Burjuz models for 1979 developed 1988. 3 - measure activity of teaching program designed with its two sides knowledge or skillful through applying it on sample of students of department of art education of first stage in subject of physical fitness.The society of currently research was determined by students of first stage - department of art education \ college of fine arts \ university of Baghdad , example of research was chosen by intentional method , size of example reached to ( 17 ) students ( males & Females ) , the arranged teaching program was applied according to Kanih & Burjuz models on one experimental group , where experimental model was used that partial fit to measure activity of teaching program to acquire students body skills and two tools were designed as following : - getting ( knowledge ) test to measure range of acquire aimed group for knowledge bases in body skills. - getting test ( skillful ) to measure range of acquire aimed group for body skills in physical fitness.The two tools of the above research with assessment tools to conditions of truth , suitability and steadfastness to make them convinced tools are interesting with suitable characteristics to depend them later in similar experiments researches or complementary to currently research The researcher used a group of statistical means to show research results , one of the most important them is ( square Ka2) to indication of differentiations between acceptors or objectors of experts to safety of textbook words , subject of physical fitness that is adopted currently in department of art education , such as used to introduce difference between agreed or non agreed groups of arbitrators to possibility of paragraphs of performance educational units eventually , indication difference between agreed or non agreed groups of arbitrators to authority of serial of practices , time every one in the program , the researcher used difficulty factor or distinction for knowledge getting test paragraphs , ( person connection factor ) to investigate from skillful test steadiness , formula of ( Spearman Brown ) to amend constant by half partition of knowledge test equation of ( Alpha Cronbach ) to calculate constant for paragraphs knowledge getting test , test of ( Wolcocsin ) to analyze answers of experiment group about their answers on knowledge getting test paragraphs in previous & after and analyze answers of group about their skillful performance before & after The researcher concluded results that were discussed , the most important points : 1 - efficiency of teaching content of the program with its knowledge side.2 - efficiency of teaching content of the program in the skillful side (performance ).Whereas the most important points that the researcher got them according to research results , they are as following : 1 - efficiency of arranged teaching program according to model of Kanih & Burjuz \ 1979 developed for year 1988 to assist the learner to stir his thinking , supply him with knowledge skills that help to teach physical skills. 2 - participation the program to enhance information base for knowledge situations by save feed back system in addition to support skillful performance cultivation by use structured assessment by teaching activities. The most important of recommendations that the researcher recommend them in the light of the conclusions as follow : 1 - depending on teaching program to teach physical fitness subject in department of art education , similar departments of the college in other governorates of the country for assertion of teaching program from efficiency & activity to teach physical skills. 2 - address students of department of art education to benefit from physical skills to perform drama shows during their study period and after graduate. The researcher suggested that subject of physical fitness to be textbook of second stage in art education department to make students develops his physical skills that support his performance in drama shows , such as make study includes teaching program more develop than second stage to make it as complete to currently research.

تحضير القشرة الخزفية (Ceramic Shell) باستعمال خامات محمية لصب المنحوتات == Preparation of Ceramic Shell Using Local Raw Materials For Casting Sculptures

اسم المؤلف: هيثم صباح حميد
اسم المشرف: هادي مشهدي عجيل | احمد هاشم عبد الكريم
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: النحت
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The study deals with one of the modern techniques used in the formation of the metal casting, which include using of local materials in the preparation of typical mixtures without needing for imported ready - made mixtures, which are monopoly of technical secrets to those companies. The first chapter discusses the research problem, which were represented in (to reach a mechanism for the use of ceramic shell technology with standard specifications helps for not to loosing a lot of sculptural details and delicate task during the casting process through the traditional techniques). The importance and objectives of the research are : (1. Obtaining of precise details for works of art that perform the ceramic shell technology, 2. Reach for a scientific data base for technical functioning of these mechanisms and capabilities of local materials) as well as the limits of the search. The second chapter (theoretical framework) includes the first section : a brief history for the using of metals, the second section deals with the metals used in the research (as brunze and aluminum) as well as their types and properties the third section deals with the History of the mechanisms of metal casting in ancient civilizations, which are Mesopotamia, the Nile Valley, the Levant, the Greeks, the Romans, the Islamic civilization and then the Renaissance, after this, asection deals with the metal casting techniques, which divided into two types according to the type of templates : permanent, which include centrifugal plumbing and plumbing by electrical clicking and sedimentation. while non - permanent include the plumbing by sand and lost wax which includes two methods, the first one is the normal thermal template (traditional) and the second method of ceramic shell which is the subject of our research. It was taking four previous studies,two of them were Iraqi and two foreign studies. At the end of this chapter we reach to a theoretical framework indicators. The third chapter deals with the research measures which included the identification of research methodology, the research community, samples. And then the selection of local materials that will be included in research trials which are zircon and silica silicate (sand Erdma), Kaolan (Duekhlh), Filnt Klay, sodium silicate water and Sodium carbonate andresin (c.m.c).After preparation, crushing and screening of the materials according to the granular gradients and chemical analysis to determine their characteristics and components then calcination. Dry materials were calcinied at (600°) to lose its chemical water. After preparation of series of preliminary mixtures in some of them depending on local materials as alternatives to foreign ready mixes and through access to sources, references and the Internet, as well as local experiences. Eight mixtures were succeeded through the stuccoing process of the waxy model ,during the process of drying and burning there is problems such as crucking in the surface of ceramic shell as a result of internal tension and external pressure, as well as the reduction in the hardness of ceramic schell after burning due to the weakness in the linking between the components of materials during high temperature causing their destruction after burning, so that it is necessary to raising calcination temperature to 1000 ? to ensure the disposal of the transformations that will get during the burning process. In addition to the getting rid of plasticity to ensure that no shrinking in the ceramic shell after burning. All failed mixtures were excluded,while the other four mixtures were remained which were : Mixture of silicate zircon, silica (crushed Erdma sand), clay Filnt,caolin with silica (Ardma sand), because of the high coast silicate zircon and not providing in large quantities, as well as to the difficulty of obtaining of Filnt clay despite its presence in abundance in Iraq, it has not been extracted and provided in abundance as a consumer material, as there have been some problems in the use alone, so the researcher find two mixtures from (zircon silicate with silica) and ( Calcinied caolin with calcinied silica).The four mixtures considered the sample of research which include (zircon silicate), (silica), (zircon silicate and silica) and (silica and caolin).Which has been conducting laboratory tests on them. The fourth chapter contained the results of the chemical analysis and the results of physical and mechanical tests and their discussion. Also included the conclusions which reached by the researcher. The results showed the success of the four mixtures in the casting of bronze and aluminum models with maintaining the accuracy of the details and achieve the goals of the research. The mixture (A) preferably used in the casting of mineral sculpture with temperature top of the (1200 ?) due to the cost of silicate zirconium, while the mixture (C) is the better becauseof its potential in metal casting and low coast ratio compared with mixture (A). The mixtures (B, D) preferably used in the casting sculpture as alolminium and lower heat metals. Then the recommendations and suggestions as well as a list of Arabic, english references and web sites for information

التوليد الدلالي للمخرج المؤلف في عروض المسرح العراقي المعاصر : جواد الاسدي انموذجا == Semantic Generative of The Director Playwright In The Contemporary Iraqi Theatrical Shows (With Special Reference To Jawad Al - Asadi)

اسم المؤلف: صميم حسب الله يحيى
اسم المشرف: صلاح مهدي القصب
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون المسرحية - اخراج وتمثيل
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تنوعت التجارب الاخراجية في القرن العشرين عبر اشتغال المخرج المسرحي على ازاحة البنية السردية للنص المسرحي باتجاه ايجاد بدائل بصرية تعبر عن المضامين التي يطرحها المؤلف لكنها لا تتطابق معها، وكان من جراء ذلك ان تحولت وظيفة المخرج من الالتزام بالنص الى تحويل | direction experiment century took many aspects through the work of stage director who tried to displace the narratological structure of the dramatic text favour of finding image alternatives that could express the contents presented by the playwright though it might not go in line with it.consequently the directors function turned from committing himself to the text to that of transforming his ideas in the intellectual and aesthetic dimensions for more comprehensive than those presented by the language of the text which the theatre director had neglected in various theatrical shows including Or the hand , the significance of the theatrical text , including its own aesthetics , continued to be part of the show lu fact, a group of directors uncle took to write plays in harmony with their theatrical opinions and views.Thus they established a new director playwright. Brecht , Dario FO and Richard Forman are the most prominent in world theatre.The resear hers has explored the most important characteristics of each one of them and , then , shifted to large theatre where there have been several experiments on the director playwright there represented by : Qassim Mohammed ,Aqil Mahdi ,Sadi Younis and Jawad Al - Asadi.The researcher has taken Iraq stage director Jawad Al - Asadi an a model for him research which contains the following four chapters.Chapter One : The Methodological Framework : The problem of the Research Study of the phenomenon (director playwright) and the disclosure of privacy that characterized the play texts written by the director, and by analyzing the distance between the structure of discourse, founder and intellectual energy and structural transformations in the field any distance between the text and director's vision. - The significance of the research : this can refer essentially to the stage director. - The aim of the research : This is represented by getting to know the mechanism or the aspects of semantic transformations that lead to the semantic generation by studding the distance between the theatrical discourse (the text) and the image reading in the theatrical shows of Jawad al - Asadi the director playwright. - Limitation of the research : (2000 - 2010). - Definition of terminology : this includes definition of the most prominent terms that are mentored in the dissertation the semantic generative , director playwright, the transformation.Chapter two : The theoretical From work : the included three sections : 1. The playwright director in the history of drama.2. Transformation of the sign in the experiments of the director playwright worldwide.3. The experiments of director playwright in Iraq theatre.Chapter three : procedures : - The dissertation includes six theatrical shows from (2000 to2010). - Method of sample selections : The researcher will adopt relatively arbitrary method in his selection of sampler. - The method of the research : the researcher will adopt the historical method in following the development of theatre in all its sphere.He will adopt the descriptive method in studying and analyzing the current artistic date and analyzing the sample. - Search Tools : this include the results of the theatrical from work, the documents , including books, magazines , periodicals , videos , photographs , and Note and comments.The researcher will depend on all there an important instruments in following the theatrical shows. - Analysis of the researchers samples : 1. Layali (nights) of Ahmed bin Majid.2. A Baghdadi Bath.3. Woman at war.Chapter four : Results and Conclusions : ( Results , Conclusions, suggestions, recommend , ations , List of sources and references, Supplements, abstract in English ).

البناء الشكلي ومتطلبات الاداء الوظيفي في تصميم عبوات المنتجات الصناعية

اسم المؤلف: زياد حاتم حربي العامري
اسم المشرف: فوزي ابراهيم المشهداني
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التصميم الصناعي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الفنون الجميلة - قسم التصميم
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد عمليات تعبئة وتغليف المنتجات بصورة عامة والمنتجات الصناعية بصورة خاصة من العمليات بالغة الاهمية اذا صح التعبير ذلك كون العبوة هي المسئولة عن ايصال تلك المنتجات الى المنافذ البيع ومن ثم الى المستهلكين. فلكل عبوة تصميم يجب ان يلاءم المنتج من حيث البناء | The packing of the products in general and industrial products in particular is one of the complicated operations, because package is responsible for delivering of those products to sale outlets and then to consumers.Each designed package must fit the product in building of the general shape and its task Pressure as well as the Packet has the ability to show aesthetics of the Product, so the Package has limited base that can be distinguished. These Products will be Paid attention by the consumers. Therefore the researcher focuses his idea on (The formal building for functional requirements in the design of packaging industrial products). This research explains clearly the fact that Packing is regarded as a reflexive mirror of the Producer who tries to give a good visual image.It is also a means of communication between producer and consumer it has an effective role in vogue of products. It is as silent salesman. Being a motive acceleration towards high quality products factories and productive developments in order to reach the objectives of the research.In determining the design of the packet industrial products.Depending on temporal boundaries in duration (2006 - 2010) and form the Products of the electrical industries company in Baghdad exclusively.The research also included a set of terms related to the subject of the research. Some of them are important and suitable to the research.The second chapter contains the theoretical framework and previous studies according to the following division.The first section included formal construction and functional performance.It means building the figure in industrial product and the elements of the designed foundation in building shapes and the relationship between the outer shape of the packed and the inner.The second research included packing in industrial products which includes (industry of packing and its relationship to the environment).The third research included designing of the packages which includes the packet itself as a communication material and factors of ideal designing of packets and its elements. The conclusion of the framework refers to some references that the researcher has a do pled in designing of analysis form to search wit hen its products in chatter including research community, which represents products of the electrical industries in Al - Waziriya, My sample of the research aims to choose five models out of twelve models and 40% of the research community.The researcher depended on books and other resource, specialized his method on descriptive analysis in a researcher sample. He concluded a number of results (some of them did not achieve to the inner shape in all samples that leads to weakness of the formal performance and never achieve the required engineering function in protecting the packet products, and using the raw material did not achieve the required protection), up to the conclusions, including (the formal building of industrial products has clear effect in building varieties of packets according to the size of the packet plus fro duct to build Varity of forms which has the capacity to perform the function well excites the consumers reaction), then recommendations and proposals, and sources and finally the summary of in English

القيــم التربويـة والفنيـة في نصوص الاوبريت المدرسي == Artistical And Educational Values In Texts of School Operat

اسم المؤلف: كريم محمد حسين العامري
اسم المشرف: حسين علي هارف
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ترتبط القيم بمختلف انواعها وتوجهاتها الاخلاقية والدينية والاجتماعية والانسانية بالتربية لذلك فقد سعى التربويون الى تعليم الافراد القيم التربوية من خلال تربية الذات التي تعد محور نشاط هذه التربية وبها تتشكل عن طريق غرس القيم التربوية لدى التلامذة ليحتفظوا | The values are conducted with education in variety of their ethical, religious, social and human differences and attitudes, thus the educationists seek for teaching the personnel educational values through educating the self which considers the axis activity to this education and within are formed through inserting those values in students minds to acquire comprehensive and sound growth. School theatre considers one of the educational and cultural statements that seek to fulfill desired educational purpose in learning students the positive social, educational values and acquire them through employing the theatre art as successful, effective and eagerness educational mediator. School operat considers one of the main and important skills and activities in the school theatre which have the art components to gather between acting, music and singing and those who making the school operat in Iraq desire to make their texts hold variety of artistical and educational values to be positive, effective, interesting and persuasive. Here appear many questions about values. Do texts authors about school operat aware about the quiddity of educational values, their characteristics, contents, sources, to succeed in including them in their texts?, Do they have the technical profession and dramatic qualification in writing the school operat which included artistic and dramatic values as an idea, dialogue, plot and characters?. To answer about all those questions, this research as (artistical and educational values in the texts of school operas) is devoted to study the school operat texts in Iraq at the level of artistical and educational. This research contains four chapters; the first takes the problem of the research, its significance, purpose and limits. The problem of the research is constricted by asking a double question (what is the most important prevailing educational values in the school operat texts in Iraq and what are the nature of those values that included these texts on the level of dramatic construction and artistical form?. This research utilizes the school operat writers and help in succeeding their dramatic experience and utilize those who working in the school operat such as directors and supervisors in the school activity. The Research aims at : 1. Revealing the educational values in school operat texts in Iraq.2. Revealing the artistical values in school operat texts in Iraq. The first chapter includes the search limits which contains the school operat texts in the School Activity Departments in the Educational Directorates in Iraq Governorates 2005 - 2010. This chapter includes precisely the fundamental idioms that surround the research such as (the values, educational values, artistical values, operat, and the school operat). The second chapter contains the theoretical background, the previous related studies; it subdivides to five branches which include the educational values philosophy, the opera art, singing theatre, operat art, and the school singing operat in Iraq. The third chapter includes the research methodology, the procedures, the population of study, which contains (30 ) school operat, and the sample. The researcher has chosen (randomly stratified sample) which consists of five texts covering five geographical areas in Iraq. To fulfill the aims of the study, the researcher has adopted two tools : 1. educational values tool which depends on the classification of (White - Al - Heeti) developed, after exposing it to group of Jury members to investigate of its validity and measurability, and measuring the reliability by using (the Holisty Formula) to find the agreement coefficient between the arbitrators (analysts),2. artistical values tool which represents (the analysis list of operat texts content for the artistical values after exposing it to group of Jury members to investigate of its validity and measurability and measuring the reliability by using (the Holisty Formula) to find the agreement coefficient between the arbitrators (analysts). The fourth chapter contains the results and the main conclusions as follow : 1. school operat texts are varied through concentrating on the educational values which some of them focused on limited group of values and left the others,2. the first sixteen values are distinguished that they are the most important and focusing on operats texts such as (beauty, care, attention, aggression, work, religion, control, cleverness, energy, challenging, determination, new experience, food, gentleness, humorous),3. ideas and the essential subjects of the school operat texts are conducted with the student’s world, his/her environment and surrounding to be suitable of the aimed ages,4. the authors are neglected in their fundamental educational texts which represented in growing the student's feeling in responsibility towards the general properties and protect them in spite of the necessity to depend and include them in the texts,5. the authors are succeeded in drawing their operas characters, and give them artistical and dramatic form through their having the dramatic dimensions for personality,6. Texts are depended on the simplified Arabic language in writing the dialogue or singing texts with little exceptions. This dialogue is distinguished with rhythmic, simplicity, smoothing, and short phonetic formulations, with clear and purified vocabulary.According to these conclusions, the researcher has confirmed the main recommendations as follow : 1. introducing the school theatre authors in general and the school operat authors in special in culturing courses in educational science, educational psychology science and educational philosophy and enlightening them with general government philosophy and with depended educational philosophy,2. urging the school operat authors to use variety of subjects and ideas and embodiment a large number of educational values within each operat text,3. taking into consideration the side of (enjoyment) and (eagerness) from the authors,4. depending embodiment (within values) in majority for its effecting and reducing from the directed clear values as possible and depending them as artistical and dramatic necessity,5. referring the operats texts to check and educational evaluation before their producing, offering and presenting to ensure from their values content nature,6. emphasizing on the ethical and national values to fix them in students' thinking and behavior,7. concentrating on the values that have little attention in the school operat texts to create harmony between the values system and the educational aims that have requested by society to fulfill them in teaching and educational statement,8. introducing school activity supervisors who practice authoring for school theatre and operat in training courses in terms of authoring and writing to theatre and develop their adequacy and grow their innovation and authoring skills,9. increasing support and consideration to school operat and theatre by Ministry of Education through increasing support and financial allocations to School Activity Directorate. The research also contains some suggestions, sources, Arabic and Foreign bibliography, and summary in English.

الخطاب البصري للرسوم المتحركة عبر الفضائيات التخصصية وانعكاسه على النزوع السلوكي لتلامذة المرحلة الابتدائية == Optical Discoures of Drawings Animation Via Specialized Satellites & Its Reflections On Behavior Trend For Primary School Pupils

اسم المؤلف: غيداء علي هارف
اسم المشرف: عبد الكريم لعيبي الربيعي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ما مدى انعكاس الخطاب البصري للرسوم المتحركة عبر الفضائيات التخصصية على النزوع السلوكي لتلامذة المرحلة الابتدائية؟............سؤال تلخصت به مشكلة البحث الحالي، الذي تعددت اهدافه، اذ شملت : 1 - تعرف محتوى الخطاب البصري للرسوم المتحركة عبر الفضائيات التخصصية | Televisions is in the third level directly after father & mother in modern education science , it become certainly to affect on children's behaviors according to all scientific researches in this field , it become of impossible to be depended on old means in education , bringing up and instructing , become not possible to prevent children from watching its programs or this enormous quantity of programs & films that are considered till now , one of basic references in behaving , thinking , educating and teaching the children. In a study made by UNSCO lately about averages of exposing to T.V. at Arabian children & boys , they were stated that the student before to become eighteen years of age spends before T.V. twenty two thousands hours but in the same age he spends fourteen thousands hours only in halls of learning.So television has positive & negative effects on the child , have relations with psychological , sympathetically and mental situations , particularly what are related with animation , where the researcher considers animation work to make children acquire maximum possible of information , skills , behaviors , where its contents penetrates into his hearing , heart and engraving his heart strongly , sometimes resulted long - term effect Accordingly the researcher tried to answer the following questions : What range of reflection optical speech of animation via specialized satellites to conductive trending for pupils of primary schools ? So the researcher wants to make scientific researches aims to the following : 1 - Introducing content of optical speech for animation via specialized satellites 2 - Introducing level of conductive characteristics that are taken from content of optical speech of animation ( model 1 ) at pupils of fifth primary class 3 - Introducing level of general conductive characteristics ( model 2 ) at pupils of fifth primary class4 - Introducing indication of differentiations in conductive characteristics ( model 1 ) according to variable of sex ( males - females ) 5 - Introducing of indications of differentiations in general conductive characteristics ( model 2 ) according to variable of sex ( males - females ) 6 - Accounting connective relation between conductive characteristics (model 1 ) & between duration of their following them for animation ( high - low ) 7 - Accounting connective relation between general conductive characteristics ( model 2 ) & between duration of their following them for animation ( high - low ) 8 - Accounting connective relation between general conductive characteristics ( model 1 ) & between level of art expressions are represented by their painting The group of current research represents pupils of fifth primary class ( 9 - 11 ) years , movies of animation are reported via specialized satellites , a sample of curiosity study was chosen as first sample for current research that was chosen randomly , where number of schools that were depended by the researcher reached to (6) primary schools , distributed (3) in first Rasafa education & (3) in first karkh education , (3) studying classes were chosen from fifth class from every primary school , so totally of pupils ( 480 ) pupils ( boys & girls ) in areas of Karkh & Rasafa are distributed ( 240 ) boys and (240 ) girls From another hand , the second sample of current study was ( 10 ) episodes of animation serial ( Sponge Bob ) are casted via satellites ( space toon , MBC3 & Niclodin ) , where that serial got higher ratio through curiosity study that is adopted by the researcher The researcher adjusted the variables ( gender & ages ) for current research sample that may affects on results of the research , through the researcher showed studies , previous researches , specialized references for the subject , where it was designed in the light of that of tools of current research which are the following : 1 - Form of analysis of animation , that included elements of picturing or sound structure , included (165 ) particular terms , as stated triple measurement it is shown with levels : ( big - weak - no appearing ) 2 - Form of analysis of pupils' painting , that form was stated according to psychological children painting , included ( 50 ) terms , as stated fifthly measurement , treatment with degree : ( very good - good - medium - accepted - weak ) 3 - Form of analysis characteristics of pupils' conducting are taken from form of analyzing content of optical speech of animation ( model 1 ) , where number of its terms eventually reached ( 119 ) particularly term , as triple measurement was stated ( always - occasionally - absolutely ) 4 - Factor of connection that accounted between behavior characteristics ( model 1 ) , general behavior characteristics ( model 1 ) , between duration of following pupils of primary school ( fifth primary class ) for programs of animation ( high - low ) is statistical indication , it indicates to presence real connection between both variables 5 - Factor of connection between behavior characteristics ( model 1 ) & between level of art expressions are represented by their painting , is statistical indicative , it indicates to presence real connection between both variables The researcher has reached to number of conclusions , as the following : 1 - The pupils in that level age ( 9 - 11 ) years sample of scientific research ( fifth primary class ) , they acquire behaviors from animation in general , if they were positive or negative behaves2 - The pupils in that level age ( 9 - 11 ) years tends to live in role of heroism , through their trying to imitate & make similar movements to hero , living a situation of merging or reincarnation3 - Animation teaches pupils to practice violence , through enormous violence quantity that come to it , to degree may pupil hurts himself through imitating & narrating for the hero's behaves , advertising and unexpected dangers 4 - The mental , reactive , moving growing for males & females in that level age ( 9 - 11 ) years , alike , they were equal as response for casting behaves via animation The researcher recommended the following : 1 - It is necessity to review by the charge for producing animation through enhancing positive situations in them ( picture & sound ) and deleting negative situations for behave trending for pupils 2 - Necessity increase controlling by committees of test & assessment specialized in those channels on animation that are imported from foreign states 3 - Encouraging as technically for produce in offices & foundations in Arab Homeland ( governmental , private sectors ) to produce television works are specified to children ( animation ) in line with our values and our human and educational principles 4 - Developing elements of art education in primary school through adding element ( painting caricature figure or subject inspired from animation ) within textbooks of art education

الخـطاب النظري في كتب ومناهـج فـن التمثيـل == Theoretical Discourse In Books And Methods of The Art of Acting

اسم المؤلف: قحطان عدنان زغير
اسم المشرف: صلاح مهدي القصب
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون المسرحية - اخراج وتمثيل
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان الدراسات والبحوث والنظريات التي تتمحور حول فن التمثيل المسرحي، او تسعى الى كشف جوانبه واتجاهاته واساليبه وعلاقاته بالعناصر الفنية الاخرى كثيرة ومتنوعة، وهي في الغالب دقيقة لانها تعي وبدقة ان الممثل، ليس مجرد حقيقة اولية فحسب وانما هو العنصر الاساسي الذ | The studies and research and theories that focus on the art of theatrical representation, or seeks to uncover the aspects and trends, methods and relations with the substantive elements of the other many and varied, which are often accurate because they are aware of and accurately that the actor, not just the fact that preliminary, but is the key element that can not be without it to be completed Vision directorial in the play at both the theoretical application, and also because these studies rely views of directors, actors and technicians who felt the importance of status and function given to the representative through various interventions proposed by the actor, which suggested to him that this is a part, or rather should be an integral part of history of theater.That the history of creative art experience did not keep her Representative in his memory only and primary importance, there are those called to resist the authority of the Representative, which were considered by mistake or the right thing not only as an authority a tyrant and distinct, but part of the creative freedom ignorant its art.This climate based on the conflict between the call to the theater free of Representative by the Creek and another calling for a representative of a new hold function element is of the utmost importance to the success of the play, which acquired him director and Asked evolution and renewal of the art of Representative, is perhaps the space cognitive worthy of study and meditation the deeps. And because our ambition is to take most of those related to representation, in this study, to study the theoretical discourse which directs the mechanisms of this art, we try to monitor the impact of aesthetic theories, concepts and schools of monetary theories and methods in the art of acting and its causes and its components, its sources and transformations.We, through this study of the manifestations and the issues of representation, we seek to provide a clear picture of this art, without bias to the provisions of or positions in cash or the views of the ancient or modern, are not justified or that causes us to believe in logic, since the writing of representational art may experience some complications because of the abundance of documents, and the adoption of most of the ancient writings on the personal observations without which philosophers and artists offer or specifically on the performance of a representative or play what, and these documents and blogs can actually take more than one direction, it may be the cause of the absence of many facts, or turned Many of the writings to the writings of the representative self - monitors, or director what his experience that may not necessarily cover a time successful creative life of the creative experience art representative.We have sought the researcher according to the analytical descriptive method which deliberately to him to monitor the old ways and new and innovative that represent activity interactive values representing precedence on theorizing her, trying to invoke these methods in Details diving in and evidence that support the results and supported by approaching them objectively.Hence, the researcher tried to diagnose his study and choose an address marked by a (theoretical discourse in books and curricula of the art of acting), as this study included a group of chapters and Investigation included the following : Chapter I : the methodological framework, which included a research problem and the need for him, since he sees the researcher that they need knowledge to pursue sources of the evolution of theoretical discourse which directs the mechanisms of Representative in the light of the impact of theories of the aesthetic, psychological, and methods of criticism, and then the importance of research, as it works to create the ground theory for the definition of the path of movement of the creative experience art representation, in order to be tapped in the institutes and colleges of fine arts, and to be a starting point for studies that seek to assess or evaluate the experience of the actor. Followed by the objective of this research is available on the evolution of theoretical discourse, which carries the theoretical versions of the art of acting. Then the limits of the search inventory researcher in the study of the evolution of this discourse between the years 1960 - 2010 versions of the Arabic library of books pertaining to the art of acting. Well known researcher in terms his research (theoretical discourse, Methods) and the conventional linguistically and procedurally.Chapter II : theoretical framework, as it consisted of three sections were distributed as follows : The first topic : a comprehensive study of the speech in art and theoretical concept and its mechanisms, this section consists of two axes areFirst, his concept of discourse and transformations and the conditions and methods of analysisSecond, the theoretical concept and technical development and directionThe second topic : what a search in the aesthetic and monetary theories and knowledge of its impact on theories of the art of acting, this section consists of two axes as well.First, aesthetic theorySecond : The Critical TheorySection III : a thorough study in the theoretical discourse of theories and approaches and methods of the art of representation, as this section consists of three axes are as follows : First, theoretical discourse and the old classicSecond : theoretical discourse in the RenaissanceThird, theoretical discourse of modern and contemporaryChapter III : The procedural framework, and this chapter regard to the procedures and modalities that meet the researcher a scientific analysis of the samples examined This chapter includes a reference to the research community and samples of research, and research tools, and research methodology, and then analysis of the samples, as was analyzed seven samples is a written combined theories of their owners or their views or their curricula cash are as follows : 1 book Representative numbers for Constantine Stanislavski2 authors towards a poor theater's Geroodwa Krotovski3 - Allarganon small book for Berthold Brecht4 - a book and a companion to the theater Ontonan Arto5 - There is no Book of Secrets by Peter Brook6 - the book (the ego - the other) duplication of representational art in favor of Saad7 - Book framework's technical representative for Akil Mahdi YusufChapter IV : The guarantee of this chapter the conclusions of a researcher from the analysis of the samples are as follows : 1 - The key feature in the theoretical discourse of the Stanislavski method lies in the objective laws, and to approach the goal of improving the practice of creative and educational, it stands at the same distance from the contact between the public and adapt to exceptional circumstances faced by the actor.2 - The Brecht wanted theater to be a forum for discussion rather than a place of illusions, and in his book Allarganon small Brecht rejects the concept of empathy and emotional cleansing, personal and Arab headdress to the concept of dialectical change.3 - The theoretical discourse prepared by Krotovski influenced by all the basic ways to train the actor in Europe and elsewhere, and that the most important of the claim, exercises, rhythmic, and reactions to the open and introverted, and events physical Stanislavski, and the training of Merhold automated bio - synthesis when Fajtakov, and methods of training in the theater - east.4 - The theoretical discourse, inspired by the Antonan Arto is a tendency to use the mythology Abrhenh Arto movement and gesture and facial expressions that have the ability to transfer large concrete language in the offer.5 - The theoretical discourse at the scene of Brooke tribute to the demolition and construction in the performance of the actor and see that it gives a greater incentive for drilling in the role ascribed to him, broke and looking the other hand, for free space stimulates the imagination of actor and recipient.6 - that the theoretical discourse of cash come by Saad Saleh in his book, in which more than evident in the questions asked as Modernism has vitality as they move down to take an educational nature for the answers are not what Touch at the level of what we know or imagine about an acting career.7 - Vision theoretical Akil Mahdi access to balance the objective and art between the substance of the representative and his abilities are representative to a number of requirements, cultural and aesthetic sensitive, located in the forefront of potential physical and tools, body, voice and awareness of the variable cultural implications on the basis of performance variables representative.As well as the researcher to a number of conclusions are as follows : 1 - The letter is a system of knowledge representation, consists of a cipher system of representative knowledge.2 - The dual representational art between symmetry, which appears to be original in the acting career, and the difference between the original and the hierarchy in the duplication, the two opposites, and this contradiction feature or incident that was not possible to say about it is linguistic, it is no doubt paid to the comparison between the original and the differencee with him.3 - The concept of performance when the actor role, manifested in a kind of reference, one reference in the letter this is what its name (the theory of speech acts) at the Austin performance.4 - The phenomenon of the art of representation, which is an act of knowledge and know and touch has always been a makeover based on the vision of each teacher or philosopher.5 - The relationship began to act as a representative criticism since the early time, since what set practice in the field of representation at the level of the number of representatives in the Greek theater or desire to develop the work of the Representative, the exercise is to describe the form of cash representational structure.6 - The first stages of the emergence of theoretical discourse, which explains the functions of representation, was when the Greeks won an important turning point, the actor moved from stage to stage narrative (reincarnation) or (show).Also singled out the researcher another point to some of the recommendations and proposals that the development of these types of research studies.Researcher then presented a list of sources and references used in his research with a number of appendices, and then a summary in English.

اشكالية الحضور والغياب للرمز في خطاب العرض المسرحي العراقي == The Problematic of Symbol'S Presence & Absence In Iraqi Theatrical Discourse

اسم المؤلف: ماهر عبد الجبار ابراهيم الكتيباني
اسم المشرف: مصطفى تركي السالم
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون المسرحية - اخراج وتمثيل
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: شغل مفهوم الحضور والغياب جانبا من التفكير الانساني، عبر تجسير العلاقة التي تشكل معادلة الوجود، الذات،الاخر، بوصفها تمثلت في ثنائيات تراوحت بين ما هو حسي ظاهر، وما هو ذهني غائب، ومن خلال ذلك توافر المعنى، على وفق صيغ اتفاقية تمثل (الحضور) او من خلال تساؤلا | The aspect of Absence & Presence occupied a wide space of Human Thinking via simulating the relationship that formulate the Existence Equation, The Echo and The Other since they were represented in the duality limited between the apparent sense and the metaphysical to mind, through the presence of sense, according to the agreements of (Presence) or through questions and meditations in the universe and its appearances (Absent), that motivated to find justifications, via linking them with supreme absent energies which initiate the Mythological Thinking, that was reflected on life of man, as resident symbol, embedded the signs that represent Thought, which extracted forms and images of human vision for Presence & Absence, whereas, the philosophic thought went far to the horizon of variant vision of the Presence & Absent, assuming that the symbolizations of the example put the the absent in prior position, and the spiritual presence made the available present in the sense and material as secondary symbol, which resulted the discourse problematic upon the quality of this assumption; yet, the conscious philosophy drew that absence from total metal imaginations, to be represented the reality of the area in the man echo, both philosophic assumptions were achieved in the symbol, the main column of that symbol, accompanied by man relationship with universe, which interface with life aspects, with culture, with psychology, with art, with language, with theatre as a system of symbols among their material presence and represent the value of their limitation for its present class, that assume a justification via the other absent class that care with the differentiation and the replacement as basic core recalled absent by its deep structure which makes the absent and presence in problematic which center is a need of each other to be exposed to each other, neither presence present posses the priority or centralization not the absent, yet, its sense comes according to context. We find that this was jointly posed in the staging discourse, through the attempt of directors to draw the symbols that emphasis its effects on the their staging systems as far as presence & absence and as emphasis on their symbolization, in a form constitutes the abundance of the sense, which was explored by the visual and acoustic systems that form its discourse by assuming its ability to establish the presence and produce the absent sign. Therefore, thesis titled (The Problematic of Symbol's Presence & Absence in Iraqi Theatrical Discourse) came into being to determine the paths of the researcher in four chapters, as follow : Chapter One : the Syllabus frame which include the problem of the research that was formed as follow : Are the symbolism system creating in staging sign abundance work on more readings that makes the absence & presence in the problematic that its column in need of each other to be exposed to each other? Also syllabus frame included the importance aims and limits and definition of problematic terms and discourse. the Second Chapter : it included the theoretical frame that came into three parts as follow : The First Part : The Presence & Absence of Philosophic Thought The Second Part : The Symbol between The Presence & AbsenceThe Third Part : The variety of The Presence & Absence for the symbol in the contemporary directing tendencies The researcher concluded with the below indicators for the theoretical frame : 1. The symbol formed an alarm that motivated the memory, in a form higher than reality, and in a manner gave imaginary reality, it may be done through imagination and remembering, recalling the absent sense of the symbol, which acquire its signs via acoustic display system and visual staging where part occupied the all in continues unit in absence and presence. 2. The actor is the most important element of staging discourse, the presence of actor life in his / her past and present that motivated him or her to seek what enable him or her to understand overall or single memory in unconsciousness and dream world, to transfer the possible and the probable into assumption world, that would be clear through his / her voice and nodding and body motion when his level of the spelling of the visual nodding retroactive that explain the absent sense through the visual action, according to the context of non verbal communication. The Third Chapter : it included the procedures frame related to determine and limit the sample of the research, by choosing and analyzing the sample, it consisted of the following proposals : 1. Herostrat, Directed by : Fadhel Khalil 2. The Heart Apple, Directed by : Riyadh Shaheed 3. Women at War, Directed by : Kadhum Nassar 4. Laurca Women, Directed by : Awatif Naeem 5. The Shoemaker, Directed by : Aqel Mahdi The Fourth Chapter : it included the discussion the results of the research, conclusions, suggestions and recommendations, as follow : 1. The aesthetic space was motivated at (Research Sample), activating them to the ability to be deducted through the translation, and interpretation, according to transference of the symbol between the Presence & Absence, the multiple of its irritate signs for the positive reaction as the imagination subject matter that would be present during the innovation and deduction. 2. The Acoustic and Visual Symbolism formed the staging structures and their real material, Skelton, motivation, and spelling if they were not external goal by themselves, rather they are serious necessity and real goal and changed from the marginal (Presence) into the spiritual exchange (Absence), that generated complex signs aspects and changeable according to dramatic action and the characters motion, and the distraction of thoughts and their reaction in one dramatic stream. Finally, the researcher listed the references, supplementary and English Abstract.

اشكالية التواصل العلامي في الخطاب البصري المعاصر : دراسة في تحولات الانساق == Signal Communication Issue In Contemporary Visual Discourse Study In Patterns Turns

اسم المؤلف: اخلاص ياس خضير
اسم المشرف: محمد جلوب جبر الكناني
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الرسم
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The human has the capability of thoughts production and the expression of these thoughts. This attribute make us to be unique between all living creatures to finding communication ways to discover feelings and senses, which is often to guide us to production of thoughts that satisfy the expression that depended on mind level.Our living on earth has forced us to be engaged in communication fostering willingly or forcibly so in reverse to what old theories raise that the pattern broad caster receiver doesn’t man much even thought it has had an importance as receiver broad caster receiver pattern but still not enough explain the communication phenomena.Our character grows and develops based on our traditions and life experiments and based on our culture and environment also. So what we do basically is obtained from previous experiments which we keep turning it to take the new receivers.We have been adopting with moment status based on previous one so.Communication depends on implied patternsWhat is more important is that we behave modestly and react continuously with each other when man is simulatorAs he is a mirror and echo of him mirror of what he sees and saw echo of what he hears and heard.The searcher divided the search to four chapters * first chapters involves the search problem content the flowing questions : 1 - Are the contemporary communication concepts representing a base in pushing the modern art toward the receiving circle?2 - Are the contemporary bearings represents systemic conflicts with nature of aesthetic conceptual communicating?3 - Are the contemporary communication theories representing an approach for building visual system?4 - Are the wares references representing the based in the building of modern textual body?5 - Are the modern textual bodies representing an active more in the rebuilding of the visual systems by removing the references?The targets of the search are : 1 - Revealing the symptomatic communication in the modern art.2 - Revealing the working approaches of the communication pattern in the modern art.The searcher identified the limits of the search spatially in the modern art, and epochal between the years (19_200) then the followed approach in the artists work followed by the determination of the terms that need to be cleared.In the second chapter (theoretical frame) it divided to five studies, the first is involved in the concept of communication in the Gnostic filed and the second represents the lingual communication in the filed of the new criticize studiesThe third study which took the title (symbol and the communication activity) considering that since the first existence the symbol has been found when it is directly contacting the nature and react with it for the enplane of the phenomena and its employment by the enter interpretation of its meanings to obtain the gregarious conditions as human character which cannot be obtained, unless in the presence of idiomatic system in the symbolsThe forth study was specifically for the deliberate and the communication activity addressing in that the deliberate in the lingual field and the visual field and the pattern which is the incubators which the deliberate works when the texts don’t face us separately from it patterns except in the absence or disconnection away from experiment around us or inside as or text or the contact facility is foreign and that is what happens to culture importers when the drop a culture reality peculiar from the actual reality with out a consideration to the local patterns.The fifth study was for the detection of communication in art in which a search in the visual field and the allegory and communicational activity was done.Chapter third (search procedure) represents the procedures used in the collection of the research community with the adoption of applied studies to analyze the simples in accordance with what we have reached from the theoretical from work indicators in building search too.Finally, the four chapter content, conclusions & suggestions and recommendations.

المعالجات التقنية في التصاميم الكرافيكية الرقمية : دراسة تحليلية == Processor Technology In Digital Graphic Design (Analytical Study)

اسم المؤلف: منير جباري علي
اسم المشرف: نصيف جاسم محمد عباس
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التصميم الطباعي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الفنون الجميلة - قسم التصميم
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Based on the idea of building design work, Thought and implementation, with its current phase and the next, the nature of the tools to achieve Product supports the foundations and elements.Showing the methods which comprises a set of software, Tools and processing of digital technology, which has become a significant impact. To know and to clarify the dimensions and optical outputs achieved for the job and beauty of design, as is obvious to the specialists and workers. In the field of digital design, the importance of employment additions, that enhances and enriches the digital work. Built in the events of a formal design gives IT efficiency. Contribute to the diversity data, and digital technology has proven its substantial role in communication, and interaction between nations and peoples. Through diversity, which came clearly into the overall process of building in the newspapers, magazines and various publications, and has emerged as a field design magazine covers important for recruitment and programs, techniques and digital boosted this trend.In additions to the daily products invented by companies. Relevant and which were taken to expand and spread. A very big way, and took it upon himself to research the current job search and the investigation of what aspects of it, through the organized according to four classes, which included the first chapter of the research problem. He touched on the researcher and the field of processing technology in digital designs, according to a specific question it as follows : - - Contributed to the programs and additions. To the relevant design, Contributed to the Role in the promotion of digital processors.Identified the importance of research through : - • The possibility of its contribution to the development of conceptual awareness among workers, in the field of digital graphic design.• The possibility of its contribution, in the promotion of technical skills among workers in state institutions, Relevant, including the press and satellite channels, Find and select the goal of the following : - 1 - Knowing the technical wizards, Officer - in digital graphic design.2 - Make applications proposed for digital designs the covers of magazines based on what the outcome of the research findings and conclusions.Search also identifies the following : - Objective limits : - designs the covers of magazines related to digital affairs because of their role and specificity, to give an idea of the nature andcontent of the magazine, as well as the promise of a magnet and attract and optical techniques applied to digitalSpatial boundaries : - covers digital magazines issued by institutions working in the field of digital design and by (5) types.Temporal boundaries : digital magazines of the years (2010 - 2011) they represent for completion of the research.Then the researcher identifies the terminology contained in the research, as follow : - Processing, Technical, Design, Digital.And select the second, involving separation (previous studies) and (theoretical framework), as enrolled in three sections : - • Technical concept and its history.• Graphic design history.• Digital art.Researcher point represented a group of indicators for salvation resulted in the theoretical framework, including : - - Resulted in outcomes humanity at the level of innovation technology in the interaction between the old tools and modern digital technologies and work on the transmission of technical modern recipe originality and benefit from the experience design prior to obtain complementary to employ all the tools to reach results similar to the poses from the experience of art. - Interest in designer digital technique is employed to simplify things in the way the current building design taking advantage of the semantics, such as the flag signal function that helps the recipient to understand the design and absorb the meanings of vocabulary work in a clear and easy. - Was of the computer mail a clear role in the field of visual arts because of its ability to produce data visual ranging from data and technical data visual minutes to analyze the data and the design shapes technical versatile in the field of graphic design in activating and stimulate the process of recruitment communication and visual communication. - Reaching the Digital Design advanced levels made him a speech about what is different from other kinds of arts, as well as technical development that has occurred on the capabilities of digital designer in the shadow and light, bringing the design in our world as important as the written word, if not more important ones. - Such as graphic design and visual arts which has preserved its history of mankind and carried the banner of the development which was the result of developments in the human scene, of what occurred in the artistic process of reinventions in a sequential manner, this type of art a major role in human life and design.Then followed by the research procedures contained in Chapter III, represented by adoption of the approach the descriptive (the way content analysis) in order to reach results, also represented a tool discussed form for determining axes of analysis based on what emerged from the themes and indicators of theoretical framework as well as the opinions of a group of experts, then included a chapter on the process of sample selection intentional non - probabilistic, for reasons clarified by the researcher, as determined by (21) sample designs the covers of magazines digital variety amounted to (5) types, also took into account the research validity and reliability of the tool, then the researcher to describe the samples Find the (21) sample and analyzed according to themes that are included in the analysis tool.Then followed by the separation of the results and discussion presented in the fourth quarter and that was including the following : - 1 - Was the technical wizard’s patterns according to the following : • Light character, as in the samples (2.3, 4, 6.7, 9, 10.14, 15, 16.18, 20) and by (57%).• A regular character, as in the samples (1.2, 5.7, 8, 9.10, 11, 12.14, 15, 16.17, 18.19, 20) and by (76%). That the processors that have taken place is part of a comprehensive process diversity within the door of the aesthetic and functional, especially since the field is the field of packaging design requires dealing with the categories of discourse dysfunctional to the distortion and digital magazine but in addition the quality of the designer employed consistent with the structural system.2 - Was treated on the digital images according to the following : - • Spare parts of pictures to show them as an important part in the samples (3, 6.7, 8, 10.11, 12, 13.14, 15, 16.17, 20.19, 21) and by (71%).• Employment of filters as in the samples (9.11, 13, 17, 18) and by (24%).• Combine two images to give the appearance of three - dimensional, as in the samples (3.4, 7, 8.9, 10, 13, 14, 16.18, 20.19, 21) and by (62%).• cut or paste parts of an image to another, as in the samples (4, 5.7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14.17, 18.19, 21) and by (62%), and Gat, technical wizards that are consistent with current trends prevailing in the digital design, which depends Foundation to build the formal is that the reason to create a critical mass of software, digital design accompanied by a large number of additions and processors of this open area and wide for the designer to work according to the options enhance the dimensional functional and aesthetic and took the designer about developmental horizons further than he had imagined.Researcher then concluded a number of conclusions, including : - 1 - The diversity of employment patterns as the back but indicates the importance attached by the designers of multi - specific; because the structure of the cover is in essence a typography component comprehensive and collectivelyconstitute a real translation of the ideas put forward a clear indication of the universality of technology promoted by digital art.2 - At a time when Western patterns designed for multi - character, but retain the structural architecture of some of them indicates the reality of formal consistency, stability and susceptibility of those underlying the patterns and their compatibility with the printing and design techniques.The researcher recommended a number of recommendations including : - Benefit from the digital processing techniques, which are the basis of design work in the development of new formative structures in the design of newspapers and magazines and to make them appreciate the receipt and communication with the receiver, with the printed confirmation and functional - oriented society to him.The proposal could have a subsequent study complementary to the current search : - Visual data in the structure of digital designs the covers of magazines.Find and then seal with a list of sources and supplements.

البناء الفني لاغاني الاطفال المقدمة في القنوات الفضائية المتخصصة وانعكاسه على سلوك تلامذة المرحلة الابتدائية == Artistic Construction Ofchildren'S Songs Presented In The Specialized Satellite Channels And Its Reflection Over The Behavior of Primary School Pupils

اسم المؤلف: عماد هاشم مجيد عباس ابو التمن
اسم المشرف: صالح احمد مهيدي الفهداوي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان تعميق لغة الخطاب التربوي الموجه لتلميذ المرحلة الابتدائية يعتمد اساسا على اهمية الاسلوب التوجيهي في لغة الخطاب، وطريقة تقديمه عبر وسائل الاعلام والوسائل التعبيرية الاخرى في الاجناس الادبية والفنية - سواء كانت مجتمعة ام منفردة - وتكمن قدرة هذا | It clear through certain indicators emerging in the personality world and the most prominent is - behavior it is like a mirror reflect the inner interactions - positively or negatively with the foreign intended directed knowledge represented by special satellite channels for childrensongs which aimed through its difficult task organizing receiving and submitting operation across sensational and emotional probes in order to reach the behavior of developing the mental , intellectual and movement activities of the primary school pupil in order to achieve intended aim in organizing the abilities and develop the personality of the pupil that affect the pupil's environment at school and his skills and readiness to accept the knowledge and receivingsubmissions from effects of spontaneous environment to be with deep knowledge and advanced awareness by reflecting the bright picture and positive results from intellectual and educational brightness aiming at his behavior and his conducts. While the children's songs are expressing the necessary demand from children's needs - pupil of primary school - which is the main purpose is intended to meet the mental and emotional wishes ,the song have great effects over their lives and great effects in developing their imagination and feeling in beauty and interesting in which develop in them faculty of taste of music and art to prepare them to accept musical and singing educational bases which are submitted by all kinds the media.Musical education for the children is an important lesson in advanced world which is also in great importance like other fields from their personality. By establishing of the children songs channels with their directions and objectives and what they got of effects on activation establishments including their active role in bringing up the children during his early life. The researcher is obliged to search in this subject regarding artistic building in children's songs to know its elements and artistic bases which are representing the artistic work components with their moral values , artistic, educational and aesthetics that reflecting positively or negatively over the behaviors of primary schools pupils because they are receivers of these songs ; therefore the researcher dealt with his research under the title (Artistic construction in children's songs presented in the specialized satellite channels and its reflection over the behavior of primary school pupils). It is one of the subjects that at reveal the behaviors of the age stage between ( 6 - 9 ) years in Baghdad primary school through the size of presentation of songs by those age classification across Arab satellite channels directed to the children. The research contains four chapters ;first chapter is dealing with introduction and methodological frame of the research by showing the problem of the research which is represented by the following question : - (what is the artistic construction importance in children's songs presented in the specialized satellite channels and its reflection over the behavior of primary stage pupils ?). Also the first chapter contains the objective of the research and its importance and the social and media requirements. Also it includes the limitations of the research and the main idioms. Second chapter includes theoretical frame of the research which contains four categories ; first category is dealing with children's songs and their characteristics, features, functions and their effects in educational speech. It divided into two pivots ; first concentrate on educational entrance , and the second deals with native or natural bases of children's songs. Second category deals with the main bases and elements of music and songs that match with the children mentality - artistic and psychological. Third categoryincludes : - first : Satellite communication concept.second : uses and advantages of satellites.third : Specialized Arab satellites - positives and negatives factors.Also the third category deals with the presentation of the most important specialized Araband international satellites channels in children's programs and songs. The fourth category is dealing in behavior - its definition , types, characteristics , approaches of modification and the role of media and its effects over children's behaviors through the role of media in psychological and social ascending of the child ; and also social role of both the family and the primary school and the effects of both over child's life. Fourth category shows the most known indicators that emerged from theoretical frame following previous studies and what results where there which are discussed later by the researcher.Third chapter : In this chapter the researcher defines the method of the research , procedures and defines the research society which includes ; - 1. Varieties of children's songs which are presented by specialized satellites channels.2. Pupils of Baghdad primary schools in both parts - karkh and Rasafa in which the researcher has chosen a sample of his first research from songs collections randomly and in a simple way , which were about ( ten songs for children) out of ( 55 songs) presented and directed to the children crowd. second sample of the research is chosen randomly and on purpose because the researcher looked for the help of the teachers ( men& women ) who are specialists of artistic and musical education , psychologist and other specialists related to the same subject in order to get accurate and right answers to reach the objective of the second research which is artistic construction reflection over the behaviors of the primary stage pupils.Two instruments have been prepared for this reason. After proving the confirmation and honesty of these both instruments we implemented them in order to reach the results of the research the supporting of statistic means. While chapter fourincludes presentation of the results of the research and their interpretations , then discuss them. According to what mentioned above , the researcher reached many conclusions including the : - That for the artistic construction in the children's songs representing by ( lyrics ) , melodizing which is represented by tuning sample ,rhythm represented by rhythmical sample ; all of these are positive reflections more than negative over children's behaviors modes for primary stage child as in statistic results. Then the researcher presents some recommendations which include ; appealing the teachers ( men & women ) who teach artistic education to let the pupils gain behavior modes that focus on the construction of musical and artistic taste , acquisition of necessary artistic skills enable them to have objective checkup view about art love and music through chant lesson. The most important proposals are : Setting similar studies about art and music to know the importance of artistic construction in children's songs regarding handicapped children , and how this reflected t in the modes of behavior and their study in which setting for them suitable solutions by music and songs.At the conclusion of the research , the researcher presented a list of Arab and foreign references that were very useful , in addition to personal interviews , and getting through internet , and then he present an abstract in English. Finally , the study depends on objectivity , and I appeal your if I had mistaken or neglectful because both of them are human being's characteristics ,only Almighty Allah is Absolute. We cannot say that this thesis is complete , which is ambition can't be reach easily , but still we did our best to present such thesis. If I succeeded , that is my objective and thus I got the share of diligent and his reward ; but.I wish I were successful in carrying out this task because it is modest attempt in academic research way , but still it is serious attempt to reach the scientific reality.
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