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التحري عن مؤشرات وراثية وفسلجية لتحمل الجفاف لصنفين من الحنطة Triticum aestivum L. == Investigation of Genetic And Physiological Markers For Drought Tolerance of Two Cultivars of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L)
Author name:
اشواق ابراهيم بشير العبيدي
Supervisor name:
شاكر مهدي صالح | عقيل حسين العاصي
General topic:
Biology
Specific topic:
Plant
Degree:
Master
University:
Tikrit University - College Of Science - Department Of Biology
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Salahaddin
First pages:
24T2864 - p.pdf
Abstract:
تم في هذه الدراسة البحث عن امكانية ايجاد مؤشرات وراثية ترتبط بمؤشرات فسلجية وذلك من خلال الدراسة على مستويين : ا - المستوى الفسلجي : زراعة صنفين من الحنطة الناعمةL Triticum aestivum في حقول كلية الزراعة/ جامعة تكريت لموسم النمو 2010 - 2011، وذلك بزراعة بذو | This study was conducted to investigate a genetic marker linked to physiological marker through a design an outdoor experiment which includes two parts : - 1 - Physiological part : Included planting two cultivars of soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the fields of the college of Agriculture, university of Tikrit, during growth season (2010 - 2011). The stage of work had been done by cultivated the seeds of two cultivars of wheat (Sham - 6, Abu - Ghraib) in pots, when they reached the stage of (4 - 5) leaves it had been exposed to two dryness periods 7 and 10 days. It spread with growth regulator Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) (150 ppm) to know which type is more resistance for dryness through estimation of proline concentration as a physiological marker and to indicate the effect of IAA to reduce the dryness effect in some features of growth physiological function and yield component according to complete Randomize Design (CRD). Some markers of drought tolerance have been estimated including : proline content, chlorophyll concentration and the degree of membrane stability then plants were left for harvesting period. The results of the outdoor experiment were : 1 - Exposure the plants to dehydration periods during their growth caused reducing of the most studied characters (leaf area, plant height, tillers number, concentration of chlorophyll A and B and the total chlorophyll), while there was an increase in the content of the proline and the injury index of plasma membrane. 2 - Some characteristic did not showed effect by drought periods (dry weight of plant, number of days of flowering, spikes number, spike length, number of grains/ spike and weight of 1000 grains).3 - Sham - 6 cultivar was superior than Abu Ghraib - 3 in three characteristic (number of days of flowering, leaf area, weight of 1000 grains), while Abu Ghraib - 3 cultivar was superior in the grains number /spike than sham - 6 cultivar.4 - The concentration of IAA (150 ppm) had a different effect. It had a positive effect in the decrease drought for some characteristic (proline content, injury index of plasma membrane, leaf area, plant height, dry weight, spike number and grains yield).2 - Genetic part : DNA has been isolated from fresh leaves of two types of wheat, arrange yields of DNA were in the range of (40 - 150) micro gram per 1.5 gram of plant leaves, and the purity ranged between (1.2 - 1.7). The reaction PCR was done by using 11 primer of the Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA (RAPD) in addition to two pair of specific primer to detect the genes which are responsible for coding of two enzymes which involved in anabolism and catabolism of proline. The results obtained are as follows : - 1 - Five primer of RAPD did not appear any binding site (OPA - 18, OPL - 20, OPA - 11, OPQ - 17 and OPH - 14).2 - Six primer of RAPD have appeared main and monomorphic bands (OPO - 16, OPH - 07, OPN - 16, OPM - 20, OPJ - 13 and OPQ - 06), in addition to the absent of the other bands from some treatments. 3 - The two pair of specific primer have given three monomorphic bands with different molecules weight.4 - The primer (OPH - 07) has appeared a unique band with molecular weight (1670) pb for Sham - 6 cultivar during second drought period (10 days without hormone). These results obtained from this study were identical with physiological part in the ability of both types to drought tolerance
