Author name:
رجاء حسن اسماعيل
Supervisor name:
فرات جبار سعد الله العزاوي
Abstract:
The thesis comprised five chapters : Chapter One : Introduction and Significance of the Study : The psychological factor is regarded a focal element in various situations faced by athletes, especially in fencing because this factor is important to the interaction of individuals inside of the athletic group, the nature of communication among them and their feeling of belongingness. The individual's grasp of the psychological environment of the group is so important that its influence will be apparent in the feeling of satisfaction and in staying a member in the group which is to result in a great extent of solidarity. Therefore, the significance of the study is that athletic psychological environment is a basic factor in creating proper educational environment. Studying it is of great importance to prepare students of physical education in the various sports, especially fencing. The vagueness of the nature of athletic psychological environment among third year students in colleges of physical education as well as the lack of a scale that is to measure it and make it of significance in order to overcome one of the obstacles facing identifying the nature of this environment and, in turn, knowing the nature of relation, its inclination and strength between athletic psychological environment and the level of performance of some skills in fencing.The Problem of the Study can be summarized in the following : 1. Is there a possibility to bridge the shortage of not having an athletic psychological climate scale for third year students in the college of physical education in fencing?2. Is it applicable to set athletic psychological climate criteria for third year students in the college of physical education in fencing in Iraq?3. What is the type of relation between athletic psychological climate and fencing skills for third year students in the college of physical education in Iraq?The study aims at : 1. Constructing and codifying athletic psychological climate scale for third year students in the colleges of physical education in Iraq.2. Figuring out athletic psychological climate criteria for third year students in the colleges of physical education in Iraq.3. Identifying the value of athletic psychological environment and some fencing skills among members of the study sample.4. Recognizing the relation between athletic psychological environment and some basic fencing skills among third year students in the colleges of physical education in Iraq.The researcher hypothesized that there is a significant relation between athletic psychological environment and the performance of some basic fencing skills among third year students in the colleges of physical education in Iraq.Scopes of the Study incorporate the human scope of third year students in the colleges of physical education in Iraq, the periodic scope from Nov.17.2013 to Jul.2.2015 and the spatial scope including auditoriums in college of physical education in Iraq.Chapter Two tackled a group of theoretical topics in relation to the study and its variables that are (athletic psychological climate, the significance of athletic psychological climate, factors related to athletic psychological climate, factors influencing athletic psychological climate of students, types of athletic psychological climate, theories of athletic psychological climate, dexterous performance in fencing and skills of fencing).Moreover, previous literature comprised the studies of (Fatima Yousif Ebrahem Ouda 2002), (Waleed Lateef Mu'irdh Elhalfi 2013) and (Ekhlas Abdul Hameed Mohammed 2013).The third chapter is allotted to methodology and field procedures of the study. The researcher followed the descriptive approach through cadastral approach, normative studies and connective relations. The study society is third year students in the colleges of physical education in Iraq, comprising of (1203) third year students in 13 colleges that are (Diyala, Baghdad, Almustansiriya, Kufa, Tikrit, Kut, Babylon, Qadisiya, Misan, Thi - Qar, Muthanna and Basra). The sample of the study of the first pilot study, then, is selected so as to get the primary items of the athletic psychological climate scale, in addition to analyzing scientific sources and the researcher's experience. The sample included (30) students of three colleges (10) students each with a ratio of (2.49%) of the study society who are randomly chosen. Furthermore, this chapter also contained the sample of the second pilot study of the athletic psychological scale in its preliminary form of (30) students from three colleges with a ratio of (2.49%) of the study society, as well as the sample of the (statistical analysis) of the scale comprising of (450) students representing 13 Iraqi colleges of physical education in a total ratio of (37%) of the whole society of study. The sample of the scale reliability included (40) students from the same colleges in order to check the scale's reliability, and the sample of codifying the scale of (208) students from (13) colleges with a ratio of (17%) of the study society, in addition to the final application of the scale, evaluating the skillful performance in epee. Appropriate statistic tools are used to find out the results in a correct statistical and scientific approach.In chapter four, the researcher exposed the results of statistic processing along with analyzing and arranging them in a group of tables. It comprised showing and discussing the results of the first objective, exposing and analyzing the second and the third objectives, as well as showing and analyzing the relation between athletic psychological environment and its fields to some fencing skills and discussing them.The fifth chapter concentrated on the following conclusions : 1. The effectivity of the athletic psychological climate scale among third year physical education students that is set by the researcher via the scientific procedures followed in academic research which are indicating the ability of the scale to measure athletic psychological climate among students of colleges of physical education in fencing.2. Third year students in colleges of physical education are normally distributed within ( - 3, +3), in grades between (very poor, very good). Most of the sample members are labelled within Fair, followed by poor moderate, good, very poor, and very good respectively.3. Third year students in colleges of physical education in Iraq are mostly characterized by a positive athletic psychological environment.4. There is significant relation between fencing skills (straight attack, counter - disengage, circular attack, simple direct defense, circular defense) and the degree of athletic psychological climate.5. There is a significant relation between psychological pressures and fencing skills (straight attack, counter - disengage, circular attack, simple direct defense, circular defense) and their unavailability with the two skills of (standby, and conversation).6. There is an insignificant relation between the method of and approaches of teaching and fencing skills except the skill of (standby).In the light of these conclusions, the researcher recommended the following : 1. Adopting the athletic psychological climate scale for third year students in colleges of physical education in Iraq that was set by the researcher to know the level of this feature among students.2. Implementing the fields of the athletic psychological climate scale for third year students in colleges of physical education in Iraq to identify the level of each field (psychological pressures, method and approach of teaching, social relations and harmony, educational and behavioral objectives, sentimental field, respect and gratitude).3. The possibility of benefitting from the athletic psychological climate scale set by the researcher in conducting comparative studies between the four study stages and with all study topics.4. Adopting the criteria of the athletic psychological climate that is set by the researcher for third year students in the preference of the athletic psychological climate among colleges of physical education in Iraq.5. The necessity of conducting studies so as to know the relation between the athletic psychological climate and fencing skills other than those in this study.6. Setting counselling - psychological approaches made up of many sessions to upsurge the level of psychological climate of students who are in the levels of (very poor, poor, fair) in order to develop their athletic psychological environment.
