مكان الجامعة: كربلاء

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: The study includes distribution of the Cutaneous Leishmania in some governorates in Iraq. Specimens are included cases of outpatients in hospitals like : Al - Karamah, Al - Sadir Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Al - Hilla Teaching Hospital, Al - Hussein Teaching Hospital and Ein Altamer General Hospitals in Kerbala, Al - Sadir Teaching Hospital in Al - Najaf, Al - Karamah and Al - Zahraa Teaching Hospitals in Wasit, Al - Diwanyia General Hospital. Al - Hussein General Hospital in Al - Nasiriya, Al - Smawa General Hospital, Al - Sadir Teaching Hospital and Al - Qurna General Hospital in Al - Basrah during October 1122 to march 1121 Cutaneous Leishmania is consider a major problem that faces the patients because it causes deformities in the infection region. The study includes 330 cases of skin ulcer in which 225 of them were microscopically positive. Parasitic growth was done using two types of cultural media NNN and RPMI - 1640.The results have shown a considerable difference between male and female in which male was significantly exceeding 131) %22.11 (and female was 94) %72.44 (and 139) %72.44 (of outpatients from rural areas increased in numbers from outpatients of urban areas, and only) %12.11(from urban areas.The number of ulcerations in body has exceeded infection, that means more than one ulceration in male 83 (85%) and for female 41 (62%), and concerning infection in three or four ulceration, it is approximately equal and normally distributed on face areas 99 and a percentage of (44%) then lower arms are 92 and a percentage of (40.80%) and the upper parts are 33 and a percentage of (14.66%). Also, one infection was recorded on The study shows that 46 patients in a percentage of (%20.44) having a dry infection; whereas 179 patients (%79.55) having the wet type.For accurate diagnosis of Leishmaniaa species distributed in Iraq, PCR Was used technique and diagnosed two types of Leishmania parasite that causes the illness. A band in a length of 560 bp in 186 samples related to Leishmania major and the band sample was 750 bp related to 39 Leishmania tropica.Through studying the samples in Kerbala City, the number infected samples were 125 for the years of 2010 - 2011 the actuality is (73) infection and (52) infection from 2011 - 2012 in a ratio of (58.4 % and % 72.7 accordingly) in different inhibited areas in the governorate in which (51)) %71.2 (was in Ein Al - Tamir Suburb, and 29 cases of) %11.1 (in Al - Husseinya Suburb, as well as 17 cases of (13.6%) in Al - Hur Suburb, 16 cases) %21.2 (in the south quarters and 7 cases of (5.6%) in the north quarters and only 5 cases of (4%) in the city center.The molecular diagnosis in Polymerase Chain Reaction for Kerbala governorate samples have shown 31) %17.2 (of L.tropica, 22) %24.7(of them were male and 9 of) %4.1 (of them were female. L. major was 94 of) %42.1 (in which 55 of) %77 (were in male and 39 of) %12.1 (were in female.The immunological study for the patients serums with L. major by ELISA technique has significantly shown raised values of IgG and IgM during infection in comparison with the control group, then it declines slowly after treatment in which IgG was in ratio (1811.1 ± 523.1 mg/dl), and IgM was in ratio (166.7 ±23.6 mg/dl). Also, in L. tropica - IgG was in ratio (1722.1 ± 524.0mg/dl) and IgM was in ratio (25.3±182.9mg/dl) in comparison with control specimens, and then the ratios have declined after treatment dosages with Pentostam drug.The cellular dynamics values have shown an abstract increase in which interferon - gamma (IFN - ?) in infected patients with cutaneous L. major were (221.1±2.2mg/dl) which declined after treatment abstractly to (7.12±1.1mg/dl) as well as for L tropica (22.1±7.2mg/dl) which shows no significant abstract difference after treatment with control.An increase appears in cytokine IL - 10 that reached in L.major (122.1±8.2mg/dl) and after treatment was (8.11±2.2mg/dl) and in L. tropica was (222.1±2.2mg/dl) with no significant abstract difference after treatment with control specimen.As a simple attempt to find a vaccine for Leishmania disease a Lipophosphoglycan was isolated and purified as known factor for promastigot stage. The vaccine injected for two groups of Bulb mice in a concentration of purified vaccine (L.majorand Ltropica) to study the immunological response by detecting the Lymphocyte Transformation assay, the Delayed Type Hypersensitivity test and the PhagocytosisIndex.In lymphocyte transformation the ratio of L. tropica was % 7.2 and for L. major was % 21.7 and there is significant difference by P? 0.05 in comparison with control specimen in which its ratio was %7.4, and for Delayed Hypersensitivity test study the average foot thickness injected with vaccine and the other foot which injected with phenol - saline solution - only (1.11 ± 2.12ml) for the first group and (1.21 ± 2.72) for the second group, and for the control group it has registered (1.77± 1.15 ml) with a considerable difference of P? 0.05. By calculating the ratio of Phagocytosis Index cells, it was 17% and 27.6% for the first and second groups while for the control group it has been reaching 9.10%. Therefore, we can get advantage from these values as indicators for the rule of vaccine in the immunological response and triggering of vaccine idea for this disease.

عزل وتشخيص البكتريا العنقودية السالبة لانزيم الخثرة من حالات مرضية مختلفة ودراسة مقاومتها للمضادات الحيوية Isolation And Identification of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci From Different Clinical Cases And Study of Their Antibiotic Resistance

اسم المؤلف: مجاهد خلف علي احمد الجميلي

اسم المشرف: عباس علي هادي الدجيلي وعد محمود رؤوف

الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة

السنة: 2008

الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: جمعت 265 عينة من مستشفى تكريت التعليمي العام وشملت هذه العينات عينات سريرية لمرضى راقدين في المستشفى ومرضى مراجعين لها. اخذت العينات من المرضى المشتبه باصابتهم بخمج السبيل البولي وخمج الجروح والحروق وخمج الاذن الوسطى ولكلا الجنسين وباعمار مختلفة. انجزت هذ | A number of 265 samples had been collected from Tikrit Teaching Hospital (T.T.H.).These samples were taken from inpatients and outpatients suspected to have Urinary Tract Infection, Wound & Burn Infections and Mid - Ear infection for males and females in varied ages. The practical part had been fulfilled during the period from the beginning of December 2006 till the beginning of March 2007.Isolates diagnosed were identified depending on morphological and cultural characteristics. The results revealed 60 Staphylococci isolates, which shows 27 isolates (45%) were S. epidermidis, 13 isolates (21.66%) S. saprophyticus, 10 isolates (16.67%) S. xylosus, 3 isolates (5%) S. lentus, two isolates (3.33%) S. heamolyticus, and one isolate (1.67%) for each of S. simulans and S. hominis Ten (34.48%) of patients are located in the age group (15 - 30) years. while concerning the classification according to sex, females were (65.5%). Otitis media and Wounds and Burns infections, their ratio was high (61.1%, 53.8%) consequently both in males in comparison with females. Concerning the relationship between the infection and the residence and the level of education, the results revealed that isolation of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) were high in rural areas and in uneducated persons regarding the various infections than those live in urbans and educated ones. A of main tests were carried out in order to achieve the purpose of this study according to the planned goals, some of which are the virulence factors of Coagulase negative Staphylococci. These include DNase, Urease, Lipase, Lecithinase, and Alkaline phosphatase.The results revealed the ability of 67.5% of isolates to produce Alkaline phosphatase, and 46.6% of isolates to produce Urease, also 27.5% of isolates were able to produce Lecithinase , and the ability of 19.16% to produce Lipase, while 22.5% of isolates were capable of producing DNase. In addition to these tests, the test for producing ? - lactamase was done, 85% of isolates were positive to this test because ? - lactamase is one of the significant enzyme which are produced by bacteria since it improves the resistance of bacteria for antibiotics. Thirteen different antibiotics used for the Antibiotics susceptibility tests which show that most effective antibiotic is Nitrofurantoin (95%), followed by Amikacin (93.3%), Novobiocin(90%), Chloramphenicol(88.3%), Rifampicin (78.5%), Vancomycin (75%), Ciprofloxacin (73.3%), Clindamycin (70%), Gentamicin (58%), Penicillin G (50%), Trimethoprim (50%), Tetracycline (40%) and Cefoxitin (18.3%).

تقييم خليط الكيتامين والترامادول والباراسيتامول والزايلازين كبرامج للتخدير العام بالحقن في الاغنام Evaluating of Ketamine, Tramadol, Paracetamol And Xylazine Combination As An Injectable General Anesthetic Protocols In Sheep

اسم المؤلف: علي اسماعيل جاسم

اسم المشرف: ثاير علوان عبد

الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: الجراحة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية الطب البيطري

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الى تقييم استخدام الكيتامين (K)، والترامادول (T)، والباراسيتامول (P) والزيلازين (X) كبرامج تخدير للاغنام باستخدام جرعات مختلفة وطرق اعطاء مختلفة. استخدم في التجربة ثلاثون من الاغنام الكبار البالغة من السلالة المحلية (تراوحت معدل اوزانها 27.4 | The study aim to evaluate the use of ketamine (K), tramadol (T), paracetamol (P) and xylazine (X) as an anesthetic protocol for anesthesia in sheep by using different doses and different routes of administration. Thirty animals of adult local breed sheep weighing (27.4±2.46) kg were used in 6 different anesthetic protocols. The animals were divided into six groups (5 animals of each). The first three groups (without using of xylazine) were giving the drugs by IV injection in the jugular vein : G1 giving K4 and P10 mg/kg IV, G2 giving K4T2 mg/kg IV, and G3 giving K4 T2 P10 IV. In the other groups (G4, G5, and G6) xylazine were adding to the anesthetic protocol. G4 giving K4 T2 P10 X0.05 by IV route. G5 was giving K10 T2 P10 X1 mg/kg by IM route and G6 giving K20 T4 P10 X2.5 mg/kg by IM route. The HR, RR, RT, muscle relaxation, limb, and flank analgesia, and rumen movement were taken before administration of anesthesia (time 0) and consider as the control reading. Then taken at 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45 and 60 minutes or till the end of anesthesia. In the IV groups (without using of xylazine), (G1, G2, and G3). The induction time was 53.2, 60, and 68 seconds, the surgical anesthesia was 2.8, 5, and 5 minutes, and the total recovery time was 4.8, 5.4, and 3 minutes in G1, G2 and G3 respectivily. The RR, and HR were increased, and the RT was decreased. The muscle relaxation was mild, and the analgesia was moderate. In G4 after adding of xylazine and giving the anesthetic protocol by IV route, the induction time, the surgical anesthesia, and the total recovery time were become 50.6 seconds, 23 minutes, and 9.4 minutes respectively. The HR, RR, and RT were increased, the muscle relaxation, and analgesia were moderate. In G5 after increased the dose of ketamine and xylazine and giving the anesthetic protocol by IM route, the induction time, the surgical anesthesia, and the total recovery time were 5, 36, and 5.6 minutes respectively. The HR and RR were decreased, and the RT was increased. The muscle relaxation was deep for 10 minutes, and the analgesia was moderate for 10 minutes also. In G6 after doubling the ketamine, tramadol, and xylazine doses, and giving the anesthetic protocol by IM route. The induction time, the surgical anesthesia, and the total recovery time were 3.6, 73.4, and 7 minutes respectively. The HR started stable, then after 15 minutes decreased sharply, The RR was irregular, with apnea, the RT was increased, the muscle relaxation was deep for 35 minutes, and the analgesia was deep for 45 minutes. In conclusion the addition of tramadol and paracetamol to the ketamine anesthesia of sheep in low doses, improve the induction and recovery time of anesthesia, without increase the duration and depth of anesthesia. Adding of xylazine to the anesthetic protocols increase the duration and depth of anesthesia. The protocol of K10 T2 P10 X1 by the IM route is the best protocol dose among the six protocols used in this study.

تاثير فيتامين E والسلنيوم على الجرذان المحقونة بالذيفان الداخلي لجراثيم Salmonella typhimurium Effect of Vitamin E And Selenium On Rats That Injected With Salmonella Typhimurium Endotoxin

اسم المؤلف: زينة حمزة جعفر

اسم المشرف: جبار عباس احمد الساعدي محسن عبد نعمة الروضان

الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري

السنة: 2010

الموضوع الدقيق: الطب الباطني والوقائي

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية الطب البيطري

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: صممت الدراسة الحالية بهدف تحديد التاثيرات الفسلجية والمناعية والنسجية المرضية التي تسببها الذيفان الداخلي لجرثومة Salmonella typhimurium وتداخل فيتامين E والسلنيوم في تقليل تاثيراتها السمية في اعضاء الجسم وتعزيز فعالية الجهاز المناعي لذكور الجرذان البيض. | The present study has been designed to determine the physiological, biochemical, immunological and histopathological effects of endotoxin of Salmonella typhimurium and the interaction of vitamin E and selenium in releifing its toxic effects on body organs, as well as its immuno - modulatory effect in mature male ratsForty mature male rats, nearly similar in their weight and age, were randomly divided into four equal groups : First group (control) rats were injected with normal physiological saline (0.5 cc ip) and 2nd group (T1) have been given the ration drinking water and injected with endotoxin intrapretonealy with dose 0.5 mg/kg bw for 18 days while (T2) and (T3) groups were treated by vitamin E with a dose of 30 mg/kg bw and selenium with a dose of 2.8 ppm/kg bw) for 30 days. (T2) was injected at thirty one day by endotoxin at a dose 0.5 mg/kg bw intrapretonealy for 8 days. Public health parameters like body weight, blood parameters (RBC count, PCV, total WBC count and differential leucocytes count, AST and ALT concentration) Phagocytosis activity for neutrophil and monocytes. Immunoglobulins (IgA, IgM and IgG) estimation, gross and histopath - ological changes and clinical sings were included in the present study.The results revealed that endotoxin injection led to different changes, its significancy flactuated according to the type of studied parameter, as follow : The results of clinical sings of experimental animals revealed occurrence of excitation after 10 minutes of injection, sever dullness, loss of appetite, muscular weakness, lateral recumbency in addition of loss of weight and easily handle. Significant decrease (P<0.05) of body weight, RBC count, ,PCV and monocytes percentage. Significant increase (P<0.05) of total WBC count and percentage of neutrophil, lymphocytes, eosinophil, and AST, ALT, IgM and IgA concentrations and no significant difference of IgG concentration. Significant decrease (P<0.05) of phagocytic activity.Gross pathological changes represented by the presence of necrotic and hemorrhagic foci, clotting as well as congestion and enlargement of liver, kidneys, lungs, spleen and heart. The histopathological appearance revealed by vaculation, necrotic and degenerative changes of hepatocytes in live, the spleen showed many changes led to imbalance between white and red bulb spaces, the heart showed lack of cross striation, edema between cardiac muscle fibers, while lungs showed an emphysema and sever hyperplasia in the bronchial epithelium. From other hand, the results showed that receiving vitamin E and selenium had an efficient effect for the improving the toxic effects of endotoxin and relieving its toxicological changes in the animal organs as compare with group that injected with endotoxin only, this group shows slight clinical signs and increase of appetite and drinking of water, improvement of blood parameters and reduce in the concentration of ALT and AST in blood serum, also there was increase in the phagocytic activity and increase in the levels of IgM, IgA and IgG. The gross pathological cganges less sever as compare with T1. It can be concluded that exposure to Salmonella typhimurium endotoxin leads to many distinct toxic effects on different organs and systems of the body which may results in many physiological disturbances. This study, also, proved that vitamin E and selenium have an important efficient role in improving the toxicological changes resulted from endotoxin poisoning.

دراسة نسجية ,كيمو نسجية وكيمو حيوية لتاثير عقار الكودائين - باراسيتامول في ذكور الجرذان المختبرية Histological, Histochemical And Biochemical Study of The Effects of Codeine - Paracetamol In Male Sprague Dawley Rats

اسم المؤلف: اسيل كامل حميد الهاشمي

اسم المشرف: عادل جبار حسين صالح كاظم مجيد

الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: التشريح والانسجة والاجنة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: صممت هذه الدراسة لمعرفة التاثيرات النسجية, الكيمونسجية والكيموحيوية للاستخدام طويل الامد لعقار الكودائين - باراسيتامول على الجرذان المختبرية, حيث استخدمت في هذه الدراسة اربع وعشرون جرذ ذكر (وزن الحيوانات 200غم) قسمت عشوائيا وبالتساوي على اربع مجاميع. احتو | The present study is performed to evaluate the histological, histochemical and biochemical effects of long term use of codeine - paracetamol drug on laboratory rats, this study performed in college of veterinary medicine at university of Basra, there was (24) male rats(Body weight 200g) were divided randomly and equally into four groups, each group consisted of six rats for which codeine - paracetamol drug was orally administered for (90) days as the following : for group (A) normal saline was administered and it served as a control group. Group (B)was administered with (8/500 mg/200g) and served as low dose group, group (C)was administered with (16/1000 mg/200g) and served as intermediate dose group, and group (D) was administered with (32/2000 mg/200g) and served as high dose group. The statistical analysis results of body weight of the long term use of drug for the treated groups showed significant decreases (P?0.05) of body weight of both(L.D) and (H.D) while the (I.D) showed no significant (P?0.05) difference when compared to the control group. The internal organs weight (liver, kidney and spleen) showed significant decreases (P?0.05) of liver weights in both (L.D) and (I.D), while the (H.D) showed no significant difference of liver weight when compared to the control group; the kidney weight showed significant increases in both (L.D) and (I.D), while the (H.D) showed no significant difference when compared to the control group. Spleen weight also showed a significant increase in both (L.D) and (I.D), while the (H.D) showed significant decrease when compared to the control group. The serum lipid profile showed significant increases (P?0.05) in the levels of (cholesterol, triglyceride, High Density Lipo - protein and Low Density Lipo - protein) and no significant difference of (Very Low Density Lipo - protein) of (L.D), while the (I.D) showed significant increases of the levels of (cholesterol, HDL and LDL) and no significant differences of the levels of (triglyceride and VLDL), (H.D) also showed significant increases of levels of (cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL and VLDL) when compared to the control group. The statistical analysis of the results of liver and kidney function enzymes showed no significant differences of total serum bilirubin (TSB) of both (L.D) and (I.D) and a significant increase in (H.D); There was no significant (P?0.05) differences in the level of serum direct bilirubin (D.B) among all treated groups when compared to the control group , while the (H.D) group there was non significant compared with control and other treated groups, while the levels of (Aspartate Aminotransferase AST , Alanine Aminotransferase ALT, Alkaline phosphatase ALP and creatinine) showed significant increases in all treated groups when compared to the control group. Histological results of the liver of (L.D) and (I.D) showed vacuolation of hepatocytes and dilatation of sinusoids in which the vaculation is more severe in (I.D) with early septal fibrosis, while the liver of (H.D) showed severe centrolobular necrosis, hemorrhage, dilation of sinusoids and septal fibrosis. While the kidney of (L.D)and (I.D) showed vaculation of proximal convoluted tubules and glomerular mesengial cells with minimal vacuolation in (L.D), The kidney of (H.D) showed necrosis and vaculation of proximal convoluted tubules with vaculation of glomerular mesengial cells. The nervous system (brain, spinal cord and sciatic nerve) of all treated groups showed vacuolation of nerves cells and axons, severe vacuolation in (H.D). The lung showed edema and aggregation of inflammatory cells in lung of both (L.D) and (I.D) while the lung of (H.D) showed severe edema, enlarged proliferative and aggregation of lipid laden macrophages (pulmonary lipidosis). While the heart showed mild vacuolation of myocardial muscle cells of both (L.D) and (I.D), but the (H.D) showed sever vacuolation of myocardial muscle cells. The stomach also showed mild vacuolation of gastric epithelium in all treated groups. The testes also showed vacuolation and suppression of spermatogenesis in the (L.D) and moderate vacuolation and suppression of spermatogenesis in (I.D) while (H.D) showed present of giant multinucleated spermatid with sever vacuolation and suppression of spermatogenesis. While the spleen showed mild to moderate atrophy of white pulps of the (L.D) and (I.D), (H.D) also showed severe atrophy of white pulp with mild fibrosis and the presence of hemosiderin laden macrophages and foamy vacuolated macrophages. The histochemical study of poly saccharides(glycogen) of liver and kidney showed decrease of poly saccharides composition in mid zonal area and near the central vein, while in kidney, it was present in proximal convoluted tubules and in bowman's capsules in the (L.D) and (I.D), those changes were more severe in (H.D). While the histochemical study of lipid showed increase of lipid composition in hepatocytes near the central vein and in kidney in the proximal convoluted tubules and bowman's capsules, and those lipid compositions increased when the dose increased. The electron microscope study of liver showed mild to moderate swelling of mitochondria and dilation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in both (L.D) and (I.D), while (H.D) showed severe swelling of mitochondria and dilatation with proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

دراسة تاثير بعض الاضافات على الاستجابة المناعية ووزن الجسم والتغيرات النسجية لفروج اللحم الملقح بلقاح مرض النيوكاسل A Study The Effect of Some Additives On Immune Response And Body Weight And Histological Changes For Broiler Chicks Vaccinated With Newcastle Disease Vaccine

اسم المؤلف: هبة تركي عطية الرماحي

اسم المشرف: نافع صبيح جاسم

الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري

السنة: 2015

الموضوع الدقيق: الامراض - الدواجن

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية الطب البيطري

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: اجريت? هذه الدراسة لمعرفة تاثير بعض الاضافات في الاستجابة المناعية والوزن والتغيرات النسجية في الامعاء الدقيقة. حيث تم تقسيم (350) طيرا من فروج اللحم بعمر يوم واحد من نوع Ross 308) ) غير مجنسة , وزعت عشوائيا الى (7) معاملات تغذوية متساوية وهذه المعامل | This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feed additives on immune response , weight and histological changes in small intestine. A total of (350) broiler chicks one - day old (Ross 380) - unsexed were randomly divided in to (7) equal dietary treatment groups , as fallows : Treatment (T1) : Basal diet without any addition ( control group).Treatment (T2) : Basal diet + Garlic 4cc/10 LTreatment (T3) : Basal diet + Saccharomyces cervisiae 2.5gm/10 L.Treatment (T4) : Basal diet +Stpire 2.5cc/10 L.Treatment (T5) : Basal diet +B. glucan 8gm/10 kgTreatment (T6) : Basal diet + Levamisole 1gm/kg.Treatment (T7) : Basal diet + Neomycin 0.5 gm/L.These additions were presented on the first day of the arrival for 5 days, and on the day of first vaccination for 5 days and at the end of experiment for 5 days also. This chicks vaccinated with NDV on the day one of age by injection in the neck and re - vaccinated at day 10 of age with LaSota, Body weight were weekly determined. ,blood samples were collected from wing vein for ELISA test in ( 4,18,27 ) days old respectively. The results as following : - 1 - Treatment of levamisole (T6) were significantly increased ( p<0.05) in (T2, T5) in level of Abs production against ND virus.2 - Chicks feed diet with saccharomyces cerevisiae showed significantly increased ( p<0.05) in body weight among all experimental group , and improvement in weight in (T6,T7) with other group.3 - Chicks feed diet with (T7) showed improvement in villus hight and in the ( T3, T4).

دراسة التاثير العلاجي لحليب الافراس المخمر للتقليل من تاثير الاجهاد التاكسدي المستحدث بواسطة خلات الرصاص في الجرذان البيض Study The Therapeutic Effect of Fermented Mare? S Milk To Reduce The Effect of Oxidative Stress Induced By Lead Acetate In White Albino Rats

اسم المؤلف: شيماء عباس صبيح

اسم المشرف: كريم ناصر طاهر

الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري

السنة: 2015

الموضوع الدقيق: الصحة العامة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية الطب البيطري

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية في البيت الحيواني التابع لكلية الطب البيطري / جامعة القادسية بهدف تقييم الدور العلاجي لحليب الافراس المخمر في التقليل من تاثير الاجهاد التاكسدي المستحدث بواسطة خلات الرصاص. استخدم في هذه الدراسة ( 40 ) ذكر من الجرذان البيضاء نوع ( w | The present study was conducted at the animal house of veterinary medicine college of AL - Qadisiyah University during the period from 27 - 2 - 2014 to 30 - 3 - 2014. to evaluate the productive role of fermented mare's milk in to reduce the oxidative stress that induced by lead acetate , 40 male albino rats weighing between 200 - 210 gm were used in this study. the animals were obtained from the animal house of veterinary medicine College / Baghdad University. The animals were randomly distributed into four equal groups , ( 10 rats per each group / cage) as follow : - Control group : The rats were given only basal diet and deionized drinking water - - First treatment group ( T1) : The rats were given basal diet and deionized drinking water that contain 1000 ppm lead acetate for 30 days. - Second treatment group ( T2 ) : The rats were administrated basal diet and deionized drinking water that contained 1000 ppm of lead acetate and received orally ( by gavag ) fermented mare's milk at a dose ( 10ml / kg b.w / day ) for 30 days. - Third treatment group (T3) : The rats were given basal diet and deionized drinking water that contained 1000 ppm of lead acetate and received orally ( by gavag ) EDTA at a dose ( 50 mg/ kg b.w / day ) for 30 days. At the end of the experiment all the animals were fasted for ( 12 hours ) and then killed animals from each treatment group blood samples were collected from the heart to measures some blood parameters such RBC , Hb and PCV and biochemical parameters such as liver function parameters ( total protein and activity of some enzymes such as ALT , AST , ALP and LDH ) , kidney function parameters such as Urea and Creatinine concentration and oxidative stress parameters such as GSH , SOD , MDA ). In addition to that study the histopathological changes of liver and kidney tissues were studied The results of the present study can be summarized as follow : - 1 - Blood parameters : The results of the statistical analysis showed that there was a significant ( p < 0.05 ) decrease in the mean values of RBC , Hb , and PCV in a group treated with lead acetate only ( T1 ) as compared to other experimental groups. while groups treated with EDTA and fermented mares milk showed a significant ( p < 0.05 ) improvement in blood parameters. 2 - Biochemical parameters : A - Liver function parameters : The result revealed that there was a significant ( p < 0.05 )effect of lead acetate on level of total protein where caused a decrease in total protein concentration and increase the in activity of ALT , AST , ALP , and LDH as compared to other experimental groups. Yet treatment with fermented mare's milk ( T2 ) resulted in an increase in the total protein concentration and a decrease in the activity ALT , AST , ALP AND LDH. Also treatment with EDTA ( T3 ) caused a similar results to ( T2 ). B - Kidney function parameters : The results obtained in this study demonstrated that a significant ( p < 0.05 ) increase in the level of urea and creatinine in a group of animals treated with lead acetate only ( T1) , while using fermented mare's milk ( T2 ) and also EDTA contributed reduction in the level of urea and creatinine 3 - Oxidative stress parameters : The results of the present study showed that there was a significant ( p < 0.05) decrease in the concentration of GSH and SOD a significant ( p < 0.05 ) increase in MDA concentration in animals that administrated lead acetate only ( T1) while administration fermented mare's milk and EDTA resulted in significant ( p < 0.05 ) increase in the concentration of GSH and SOD while a significant ( p < 0.05 ) reduction in MDA concentration. The values becomes close to the concentration of the control group. 4 - Histopathological changes : The results of Histopathological examination for tissues of liver and kidney of rats given lead acetate alone ( T1 ) showed that there was a clear Histopathological changes presented in degeneration of hepatocytes and congestion in central vein which associated with hemorrhage in liver and kidney tissues of animals administrated fermented mare's milk showed normal and free from congestion.

عزل وتشخيص النمط المصلي O78 : K80 لاشريشيا القولون الممرضة للطيور من دجاج اللحم ودراسة اصابتها تجريبيا Isolation And Identification of Avian Pathogenic E. Coli O78 : K80 Serotype From Broilers And Study of Its Experemintal Infection

اسم المؤلف: رجاء عبد الزهرة علي

اسم المشرف: علي عبد سهم المياح

الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: الامراض - الدواجن

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: الايشريشيات القولونية مسئولة عن احداث حالات مرضية مختلفة تسبب خسائر اقتصادية ناتجة عن الهلاكات العالية وانخفاض معدل التحويل الغذائي والخسائر في اتلاف الجثث والاعضاء المصابة بعد الذبح.تم في الدراسة الحالية فحص 70عينة من افراخ فروج اللحم الهالكة او التي كا | Escherichia coli (E. coli) is responsible for a variety of diseases conditions which cause high economic losses in poultry due to high mortalities, decreased food conservation rate and condemnation of whole affected carcass or organs after slaughter. In the present study, 50 out of 70 broiler chickens which have been collected from diseased chickens were exhibited lesions of fibrinous perihepatitis, fibrinous pericarditis and/or airsacculitis. Birds with these lesions were subjected for bacteriological examination. The examination revealed isolation of 23 E. coli isolates with incidence of 46%. Concerning the virulence factors , Congo red binding activity of these isolates reveled detection of 6 positive isolates with incidence of 26.08%. Serotyping showed that out of 6 Congo red positive strains, only 3 strains were serologically typed and were belonged to the serotype O78 : K80. Detection of pathogenic E. coli serotypes was confirmed by PCR technique with specific primers for fimA and fimH genes. All these 3 isolates of the serotype O78 : K80 were reacted with these 2 genes. Antimicrobial suscebtibility pattern displayed sensitivity of these isolates to Chloramphinicol and Gentamicin and their resistance to Amoxicillin, Erythromycin and Nalidixic acid. Experimental infection has been made with this isolate. Two groups of broiler chickens were used the first at one day old and the second at 5 weeks of age. Signs, lesions, histopathological changes were revealed that the first experiment was differed from the second through the presence of pus in the bursa of Fabricius, but hemorrhage in the lungs tissue occur in two experiments.

دراسة الاهمية الوقائية لحليب الماعز وتاثيراته في بعض الصفات الانتاجية والمناعية لاناث الارانب المعاملة بالمضاد الحيوي اموكسي كلافولانيك اسيد The Important Protective Study of Goat Milk And Its Effects On Some Productive And Immune Traits of Female Rabbits Treated With Amoxi - Clavulanic Acid

اسم المؤلف: حسين باعي خضر حسين الجياشي

اسم المشرف: كريم ناصر طاهر علاوي لعيبي داغر

الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري

السنة: 2012

الموضوع الدقيق: الصحة العامة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية الطب البيطري

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: This study was carried out from 12 - 3 - 2011 to 29 - 4 - 2011 to find out the protective importance of goat milk and its effects on some productive traits ( body weight , weight gain , feed intake, and feed conversion efficiency) ,some immunological traits ( white blood cells , percent of lymphocyte cells) ,some biochemical traits (total serum protein , albumin ,globulin ) ,some physiological traits ( hemoglobin and Packed cell volume) in the rabbits treated with Amoxicillin - clavulanic acid.A total of (32) female rabbits (local breed) aged range between 2 - 3 months with average of initial body weight 1706.25 gm.were distributed randomly into four groups each one consist of eight rabbits as below : 1 - Control group ( C ) : Fed basal diet without any addition.2 - First treatment group ( T1 ) : Fed the same basal diet + 5 mg ? kg b.w. x 2 amoxi - clavulanic acid for one week3 - Second treatment group ( T2) : Fed the same basal diet +( 5 mg ? kg b.w. x 2 amoxi - clavulanic acid + 5ml x2 raw goat milk ) for one week.4 - Third treatment group ( T3 ) : Fed the same basal diet + 5ml x2 raw goat milk for one week.The experiment continued for five weeks in which each rabbit weight at weekly interval and the residual feed weighed daily ,The results revealed the following : - Treatment one showed signs of gastric ulcer ,diarrhea , small and large intestinal inflammation ,while T2 group ( antibiotic + goat milk ) did not show any signs of gastric ulcer, diarrhea and their digestive system normal like the control ( C ) and Treatment three ( T3 ) group ( goat milk ).Body weight of ( T3 ) group recorded significantly) P < 0.05 )increased as compared with body weight of T1 group in all study weeks. And recorded the highest body weight among the other study groups during all periods of the study weeks (1769.12, 1751.37,1795.00 , 1824.25 ,1852.75) gm respectively.Animals in group ( T3 ) exceeded in weekly body weight gain as compared with other treatment groups during the studied period except the second week ( 62.87, - 5.25, 32.5, 29.25 , 28.5) gm respectively.Treatment ( 1 ) showed decrease in weekly feed intake on the first 4 weeks of study ) 60 , 42.51 , 44.88 , 34.25 gm )respectively as compared with C and T3 groups.Treatment ( 3 ) showed that feed conversion efficiency means recorded better value during the fifth weeks of studied weeks and was ( 5.53 , - 64.30 , 10.79 , 11.98, 12.11) gm food ? gm gain respectively recorded.There are significant increases ) P < 0.05 ) in white blood cell means for C ( control ), T2 , T3 groups) 6.352, , 6.32 6.45) x 10 3 ? ?L. compare with the T1 group ( 4.772 x 10 3 ? ?L ) and also lymphocyte percentage means of T1 (38.95 % ) showed significant lower ) P < 0.05 ) compared with other treatment groups ( C , T2, T3 ) ( 55.05 , 54.80 , 57.07 ) respectively.The control and T3 groups showed significant) P < 0.05 ) exceeded in hemoglobin and packed cells volume as compared with T1 and T2 groups which there is no significant difference between them.Where the average of four treatment group control ,T1 ,T2, T3 record 44.837 , 38.675 , 38.825 , 44.800 respectively.Treatment 3 exceeded other treatment groups in the total protein ( 88.156 )gm/l and also T1 group showed significant ) P < 0.05 ) decrease in albumin ratio ( 26.682 ) gm/l, while T1 showed significantly ) P < 0.05 ) higher in their gamma globulin compared with other treatment groups.Treatment 3 and 1 groups showed significant ) P < 0.05 ) increase in liver relative weight as compared with the control and T2 groups and the liver relative weight means of the ( C ,T1 ,T2 ,T3 ) groups as followed respectively 2.64, 3.05, 2.53 , 3.08 %.

The Role of Cyclosporine In Intra Bone - Bone Marrow Transplantation In Male Rabbits

اسم المؤلف: عادل جاسب عويد

اسم المشرف: Abdulbari A. Alfaris Alaa A. AL Sawad

الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: الجراحة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: استخدم فيها 30 ارنبا ذكرا حيث قسمت الى ثلاثة مجاميع متساوية بالعدد كل مجوعه تحوي على عشرة ارانب اثنان منها تم اختيارها كواهب لنخاع العظم والثمانيه الاخرى كانت مستلمه, وكانت المجموعه الاولى هي مجموعه سيطرة وقد اعطيت المحلول الملحي الطبيعي ,والمجموعه الث | Thirty male rabbits were randomly divided into three groups as following : Group one (sham group) consists of ten male rabbits, two of them were used as donors and other eight were administered 12.5ml/kg/BW normal saline (N.S) orally for ten days. At Zero time of the experimental the collection of blood samples (10ml) was carried out on each animal from the heart (cardiac puncture) and by a sterile syringe 22 Gage needle. The (10ml) amount of blood was divided into two parts. (5ml) was deposited into tubes without anticoagulant and then refrigerated for a maximum of 12h and centrifuged at (5000 rpm) for 15 minutes these serum samples were stored in polyethylene eppendorff tubes at - 20?C Estimation of Total interleukin 2 in serum by using an Enzyme - Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The 2nd sample was also (5ml) taken for performing hematological test to measure the WBCs account and their differential, RBCs account, Hb & P.C.V. At Day10 of experimental was collecting the blood as similar procedure at zero time and did a similar examination before operation. At Day11 of the experimental an allogeneic Intra - bone - marrow injection of bone marrow transplantation aspiration method (IBM - BMT) AM was carried out and rabbits were re administered with normal saline after surgical operation until Day21 of experimental. Following that rabbits were anesthetized with Ketamine (20 mg/Kg/BW) and xylzine (9 mg/Kg/BW) intra muscular. Before bone aspiration for bone marrow histological test the smears were stained with Giemsa stain. At the end of this experimental study of there was collection of blood as a same procedure at zero time and DAY10 then made the same test to estimate of blood values and interleukin 2. Then all recipients’ rabbits were sacrificed and bled to death to obtain the Kidney and liver, which were dissected out, trimmed and processed for the histological study with used Heamatoxyline and Eosin Stain. Group two (treated with 12.5ml/kg/BW cyclosporine orally administrated) and same protocol of the sham group was applied except when using (treatment with 12.5ml/kg/bw cyclosporine orally administrated) replacing the normal saline. Group three (treatment with 25ml/kg/BW cyclosporine orally administrated) and same protocol of sham group was applied except when using (treated with 25ml/kg/BW cyclosporine orally administrated) replacing the normal saline. The results of the present study Conclusions cyclosporine effects on the bone marrow, immune system because of decrease of WBCs, lymphocytes, neutrophils and interleukin 2.The study Conclusions cyclosporine caused many adverse effects, where by it caused severe liver and kidney; therefore it was considered predisposing factor to infection with several diseases as well as it is considered the main cause of disorders in renal function renal dysfunction. The results of the present study Conclusion the surgical operation of intra - bone - bone marrow transplantation more safe than other ways of intra vinous bone marrow transplantation also the study the operation increase the hematopoietic cells

اسباب انخفاض الخصـوبة والعقـم في الافراس العراقية The Causes of Infertility And Sterility In Iraqi Mares

اسم المؤلف: سمير صبري كاظم الخفاجي

اسم المشرف: ضياء حسين جاسم الدليمي

الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري

السنة: 2013

الموضوع الدقيق: التوليد والامراض التناسلية

الدرجة: دبلوم عالي

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية الطب البيطري

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

اسم المؤلف: سهى نجم الربيعي

اسم المشرف: علاء عبد العزيز عبد

الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: الامراض - الدواجن

الدرجة: دبلوم عالي

الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية الطب البيطري

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: القادسية

الصفحات الاولى:

تاثير بعض معطلات الغدد الصم على بعض المعايير الفسلجية والتغيرات النسجية في ذكور الجرذان البالغة Rattus norvegicus The Effect of Some Endocrine Disruptors On Some Physiological Parameters And Histological Changes In Adult Male Rats “ Rattus Norvegicus“

اسم المؤلف: سارة جعفر سعدون الازيرجاوي

اسم المشرف: جاسم محمد احمد الكلبي

الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: الفسلجة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية الطب البيطري - قسم الفسلجة والادوية والكيمياء

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية في البيت الحيواني لكلية الطب البيطري / جامعة البصرة خلال الفترة الممتدة من 22/2/2013 الى 1/6/2013. لتقييم التاثيرات الصميه والتكاثرية لمعطلات الغدد الصم وايجاد الرابط بينهما في الذكور البالغة. استخدم في هذه الدراسة عقارين : بروبيل | The present study was carried out in the animal house of the College of Veterinary Medicine /University of Basrah during the period extending from 22/2/2013 to 1/6/2013. To evaluate the endocrine and the reproductive effects of endocrine disruptors chemicals and find the link between them in adult male rats. This study was done using two drugs : propylthiouracil (PTU) and flutamide (FLU) (anti - thyroid and anti - androgen agents) respectively, as a model of endocrine disruptors; to reveal their effects, they were used separately and in co - treatment manner for the first time using adult male rats (Rattus norvegicus) as animal models. For this purpose the study was divided into two experiments : The first experiment : forty adult male rats weighed (146 - 200) gm were divided into four equal groups (10 rats/group). The first group (control) was administered 0.3 ml/rat of distilled water, the second group was administered (PTU) (15mg/ kg B.W), the third group was administered (FLU) (37.5 mg/ kg B.W), and the fourth group was administered (PTU+ FLU) (15mg/kg + 37.5 mg/kg B.W ) respectively, in co - treatment dose. The treatments extended for 45 days; in the end of experiment the rats were euthanized and blood was collected and stored for hormonal and biochemical parameters and some of internal organs were weighed and kept in 10% formalin for histological examination. The results of the first experiment revealed the following : 1 - A significant decrease (P?0.05) in body weight gain in 2nd and 3rd periods (The animals were weighed four times in the begining of the experiment and every 15 days till the end of the experiment) in PTU and PTU+FLU treated groups.2 - A hypothyroidism state were induced after treatment with PTU and PTU+FLU by significant decrease (P?0.05) of Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3) and significant increase (P?0.05) of TSH.3 - A significant decrease (P?0.05) in testosterone (T), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) of PTU group while a significant increase (P?0.05) in T, FSH, and LH of FLU group. Moreover a significant decrease (P?0.05) in T and LH of PTU+FLU group occurred.4 - A significant increase (P?0.05) in Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT) in all treatments, except in FLU no significant change has been observed in ALT. 5 - A significant increase (P?0.05) in total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein in all treatment, while, there was a significant decrease (P?0.05) in high density lipoprotein in all treatments as well.6 - A significant decrease (P?0.05) in serum glucose and a significant increase (P?0.05) in total protein in PTU and PTU+FLU groups, while, a significant decrease (P?0.05) in total protein of FLU group occurred.7 - A significant decrease (P?0.05) in sperm count of FLU and PTU+FLU groups. And a significant decrease (P?0.05) in individual motility in all treatments, while, a significant increase (P?0.05) in dead and abnormal sperm was observed in all treatments.8 - A significant increase (P?0.05) in thyroid relative weight of PTU and PTU+FLU groups and a significant increase (P?0.05) in liver relative weight in all treatments, while, a significant decrease (P?0.05) in kidney relative weight of PTU and PTU+FLU groups observed. Prostate relative weight significantly decrease (P?0.05) in FLU group and seminal vesicles relative weight significantly decrease (P?0.05) in FLU and PTU+FLU groups.9 - At the end of experiment six rats of each group was sacrificed and some of internal organs has been removed for histopathological examination and it was revealed changes as follows : 1 - Thyroid gland of PTU and PTU+FLU groups show increased number of different sizes of thyroid follicles with some vacuolation of colloid. Some follicles are misshaped. 2 - Testis of PTU group, most of seminiferous tubules are normal, a little number of them suffers from dilated lumen containing little number of spermatogonia and abnormal arrangement with degenerated Sertoli cells, little number of immature spermatid in the lumen, some vacuolation in the spermatogonia and edematous of interstitial tissue, FLU group shows clear degenerative changes in the Sertoli cells, there are few spermatogonia in some tubules and clear vacuolation in the cell with empty lumen (no spermatids). PTU+FLU group show most of the seminiferous tubules contain large number of spermatogonia but there are very thin irregular lining epitheliums, and nearly disappearance of interstitial tissue. 3 - Prostate of PTU group shows clear destructive changes in the lobules of the prostate. FLU group shows misshaped acini of the prostate lobules some of them are very enlarged and contain a large amount of secretion, others are empty with thickened irregular lining epithelium. Absence of inter acinar tissue, and PTU+FLU group show irregular shape of multiple number acini of the lobules of the prostate gland filled with shrinkage prostatic secretion. Moreover, the interstitial tissue between acini somewhat thickened with enlarged nuclei of many cells in addition to degeneration of others.4 - The liver of PTU group shows flattening of hepatocyte, clear enlargement of pyknotic nuclei and disarrangement of hepatic architecture, FLU show normal central vein, engorged with blood, disarrangement of hepatocyte architecture, and enlarged nuclei of hepatocyte. PTU+FLU show engorgement of central vein with clear flattening of hepatocyte containing enlarged nuclei.5 - The kidney of PTU group shows narrowing of lumen of renal tubules, engorgement of blood vessels, irregular sizes of glomeruli and different structure of their Bowman's capsule, FLU group shows a complete disappearance of Bowman's capsule of some glomeruli. Other glomeruli shows shrinkage and destructive changes of the content. The cuboidal epitheliums of the renal tubules shows some disarrangement of basement membrane with clear enlarged nuclei, and PTU+FLU group shows an irregular shape of renal tubules with absence of walls of the cuboidal lining epithelial cells with enlarged nuclei and shrinkage of Bowman's capsule of some glomerli. The second experiment : This experiment was carried out on 32 well experience female rats. They have been mated with 16 adult male rats which remained from the first experiment; they were divided into 4 groups : The first group : Untreated 8 female rats mated with 4 untreated male rats, the second group : Untreated 8 female rats mated with 4 treated male rats with PTU, the third group : Untreated 8 female rats mated with 4 treated male rats with FLU, the fourth group : Untreated 8 female rats mated with 4 cotreated male rats with PTU +FLU. The results of second experiment revealed a decrease in number of offspring as well as reduction in percentage of fertility and pregnancy rates.

اسم المؤلف: مهند احمد الحداد

اسم المشرف: حكمت عبد الرحيم الغراوي

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: جراحة الفم والوجه والفكين

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

تقييم اصابة المفصل الفكي الصدغي عند مرضى الصدفية باستعمال التصوير المقطعي المحوسب للكشف عن التغيرات المفصلية Evaluation of The Involvement of The Tempromandibular Joint In Patients With Psoriasis Using Computed Tomography For Detection of Psoriatic Arthritis Changes

اسم المؤلف: منتهى فوزي صالح

اسم المشرف: هاجر ابراهيم عبد الله

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2015

الموضوع الدقيق: جراحة الفم والوجه والفكين

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: اضطرابات المفصل الفكي الصدغي تشير الى مصطلح مركب يحتوي على عدة حالات تتضمن المفصل الصدغي,التركيبات المحيطة او كلاهما.اضطرابات المفصل الفكي الصدغي هي مجموعة اعراض معقدة اكثر من كونها حالة معينة واحدة, ويعتقد انها تنتج من عدة عوامل مثل : العوامل الجينية, ال | Tempromandibular disorders is a collective term, embracing several clinical problems involving the muscles of mastication, temporomandibular joint (TMJ), or both.Tempromandibular disorders is a symptom complex rather than a single condition, and it is thought to be caused by multiple factors like : genetic, developmental and metabolic.TMDs form a cluster of related disorders with common symptoms which include localized pain, limited or asymmetric movement, and clicks or grating on opening.Psoriatic arthritis is a chronic inflammatory arthropathy that affects patients with psoriasis. Psoriatic arthritis is most commonly a seronegative oligoarthritis found in patients with psoriasis and therefore occurs more commonly in patients with tissue type HLA - B27. The clinical findings for Tempromandibular Psoriatic arthritis are pain, tenderness, limitation of movement , joint stiffness, clicking as the jaw is opened or closed, difficulty in opening the mouth, locking of the jaw,and crepitations. These findings are essentially the same as for Tempromandibular disorders.• Objective of the study : • To determine the extent of tempromandibular joint involvement in patients with psoriatic arthritis.• To correlate between clinical findings and radiographic finding.Materials and method : In this study 98 patients were selected ,50 male and 48 female, their age ranged between(18 - 68)years. They were collected at Al - yarmook teaching hospital/department of dermatology during the period from ( NOV 2014 - May 2015).They were diagnosed as having psoriatic arthritis by a dermatologist according to (Moll and Wright diagnostic criteria 1973).These patients were sent to rheumatoid factor test RF to exclude the presence of rheumatoid arthritic disease, then the patients were exposed to CT scanning for the Tempromandibular joint in Al - Yarmook teaching hospital for screening the involvement of TMJ with psoriatic arthritis by the presence of any radiographic changes such as erosion, flattening,osteophyte and sclerosis in the condylar head.Results : The result of the study showed that the mean age of psoriatic arthritic patients in TMJ was (44.2) years, and the female percentage was (48.4%) and the male was (51.6%). Psoriatic arthritis in TMJ showed high significance in the unilateral side symptoms (100%) it was significant in patients with positive family history (54.8%), and non significant in the right/left ratio (41.9%). Oligo type was found in twenty six patients (83.9%) with significant p - value. Clinically, all symptoms including clicking, tenderness and tempromadibular joint pain were highly significant, limitation showed (54.8%), TMJ pain showed (64.5%) and tenderness showed (54.8%).Radiologically : CT scan showed sensitivity for erosion in TMJ (54.8%), for osteophyte (32.3%), for condylar flattening (16.1%) and for sclerosis (9.7%) while specificity for all were (100%). Association between clinical symptoms and radiological changes showed non significant correlation. Conclusions : Psoriatic arthritis of TMJ has been found oftenly unilateral (oligo type). Female/ male ratio is about 1 : 1. nearly 50% of patients were having limitation in mouth opening. Most of the patients were having positive family history.The development of psoriatic arthritis in TMJ is related to the duration of the disease. Plaque psoriasis is the most associated type with the psoriatic arthritis in TMJ. Most of patients with psoriatic arthritis show psoriatic nail changes. The most radiographic findings found in patients with psoritic arthritis was erosion in the condylar head. There is association between clinical and radiologic findings for psoriatic arthritis in TMJ.

ضبط الحواف ومقاومة الكسر لاغلفة ال Ceramill Sintron المعدنية المصممة والمصنعة بالحاسوب مكسوة بثلاث انواع مختلفة من الخزف Marginal Discrepancy And Fracture Resistance of CAD\CAM Ceramill Sintron Metal Copings With Different Porcelain Materials

اسم المؤلف: مصطفى نبيل عبد الغني

اسم المشرف: عمار عطا الله علي السعدي

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: جراحة الفم والوجه والفكين

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: دقة الحواف والقوة، لاي ترميم معوض للاسنان هي صفة مهمة. ويمكن اعتبارعدم تطابق للحواف او قلة القوة سبب مهم يؤدي الى فشل التعويضات الاصطناعية للاسنان.لذلك تم اجراء هذا البحث لغرض تقييم اختلاف ظبط حافات ومقاومة الكسر لتيجان السيراميك المصنعة من اغلفة الC | Marginal fit and strength are important criteria for any restoration; poor marginal fit and low strength may be considered as a source of prosthesis failure. This study was performed to compare the marginal fit changes and facture resistance of metal ceramic crowns constructed from Ceramill Sintron metal coping veneered with three different porcelain veneering materials (Vita Master Koromikos VMK, Willi Geller Creation CC and GC initial MC). Also evaluating the influence of thermocycling on load at fracture value. The method included the use of master brass die which was milled to represent the prepared maxillary central incisor. Sixty metal copings were milled directly using Ceramill Sintron blank, then divided randomly into three groups. Each group consist of twenty metal copings, then veneered with porcelain : VITA for group A, Creation for group B and GC for group C. The marginal gap was measured before and after porcelain veneering for each group using travelling light microscope, then marginal fit changes was calculated. Fracture resistance test was done by Instron®, the master die was duplicated to sixty analogs then each analog was fixed into acrylic base. After that each crown was cemented onto the corresponding die analog using zinc phosphate cement. Ten samples of each group were subjected to compressive loading to fracture and other ten subjected to thermocycling followed by compressive loading to fracture.The result showed that GC group was highly significant different from other tested groups in marginal fit changes, whereas there was no significant different between VITA and Creation group. While there was significant difference among tested group at (P < 0.01) in fracture resistance, and the effect of thermocycling process did not significantly reduce the load at fracture for all groups.This study concluded that GC group present the least marginal fit changes, while the fracture resistance was highest for VITA group follow by Creation then GC. Thermocycling reduce load at fracture but not significantly.

A Comparative Study To Evaluate Canal Transportation And Centering Ratio At Different Levels of Simulated Curved Canals Prepared By Irace, Protaper NEXT And Protaper Universal Files A Comparative Study To Evaluate Canal Transportation And Centering Ratio At Different Levels of Simulated Curved Canals Prepared By Irace, Protaper NEXT And Protaper Universal Files

اسم المؤلف: محمد علي فاضل

اسم المشرف: Hikmet A. Sh. Al Gharrawi

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2015

الموضوع الدقيق: جراحة الفم والوجه والفكين

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: تحضير قناة الجذر يشمل كلا من تشكيل وتوسيع المساحة اللبية بالاضافة الى تطهيرها من الجراثيم، من دون اي خطا اجرائي هو من اقصى درجات التفضيل. حديثا، في مجال تطبيقات حشوات الجذور، ادوات النيكل تيتانيوم اصبحت تستخدم بصورة شائعة لتنظيف وتشكيل قناة الجذر. ادوات ا | Root canal preparation includes both shaping and enlargement of the endodontic space in conjunction with its disinfection, without any procedural error is of the utmost preference. Recently, in endodontic practice, the nickel - titanium instruments are used commonly for the preparation of the root canal space. Nickel - titanium instruments are much more flexible than stainless steel files and have superior cutting efficiency. Super - elasticity of nickel - titanium rotary instruments allows the clinicians to produce the desirable tapered root canal form with a reduced tendency to canal transportation and instrument fracture. The target of this study was to measure and compare the canal transportation and centering ability of iRaCe and ProTaper NEXT nickel titanium instruments with ProTaper Universal instruments in simulated curved canals at different levels and compare canal transportation and centering ability among different levels for each tested instrument.Sixty simulated curved canals of 40°curvature were randomly divided into three groups of twenty canals each; the first group (group A) was prepared with iRaCe instruments, the second group (group B) was prepared with ProTaper NEXT instruments and the third group (group C) was prepared with ProTaper Universal instruments. The canals were prepared to an apical size 30 by crown - down instrumentation technique. Removal of material was measured at five different levels : at the canal orifice (O), half way to the orifice in the straight sections (HO); the beginning of the curve (BC); the crest of the curve (AC); the end point (EP). Pre - and post - operative photos of the simulated canals were taken in a standardized technique at magnification of 40X. An assessment of canals shape has been determined using Photoshop CC 2014 and AutoCAD 2014 software program. The data of canal transportation as well as centering ratio were analyzed statistically using Shapiro - Wilk, ANOVA and LSD tests.Within the limitation of this study, it is shown that canals preparation with the three designs of NiTi instruments produced canal transportation. However, the iRaCe instruments showed a significantly less canal transportation and a significantly better centering ability than both ProTaper NEXT and ProTaper Universal instruments at all levels of measurements, followed by ProTaper NEXT instruments that showed a significantly less canal transportation and significantly better centering ability at all levels when compared with ProTaper Universal, while the ProTaper Universal instruments showed the highest values of canal transportation and the worst ability to stay centered in the canals at all levels. Considering the direction of canal transportation, the iRaCe instruments showed minimal transportation towards inner aspect of canal at coronal and at the apex of curve and towards outer aspect of canal at middle, beginning of curve and at the end point of the preparation, while ProTaper NEXT instruments were showed transportation usually towards the inner aspect of the canal at middle part of the canal and towards the outer aspect at coronal, beginning of curve, apex of curve and at the endpoint of the preparation, while ProTaper Universal files were usually towards the inner aspect at middle part of the canal and towards the outer aspect at coronal, beginning of curve, apex of curve and at the endpoint of the preparation.

الانتشار والعلاقة بين اضطرابات المفصل الصدغي بين طلاب طب الاسنان على اساس معايير التشخيص والاجهاد والاضطرابات الفموية Prevalence And Correlations Between Temporomandibular Disorders In Dental Students Based On Diagnostic Criteria (DC/TMD) , Parafunctions And Psychoemotional Stress

اسم المؤلف: علا علي خلف

اسم المشرف: هاجر ابراهيم عبد الله

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2015

الموضوع الدقيق: جراحة الفم والوجه والفكين

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: اضطرابات المفصل الصدغي والاضطرابات الفموية يبدو انها مشكلة متكررة في المجتمعات الحديثة. ويرتبط الباثولوجيا السببية المفصل الصدغي الى العضلات، واقواس الاسنان، ودواعم الاسنان. وتشمل الاسباب الرئيسية على حد سواء العوامل الفيزيولوجية المرضية والنفسية وا | Bagkground : The temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and oral parafunctions seem to be a frequent problem in modern societies. The etiopathology of the temporomandibular joints is related to muscles, teeth arches, and periodontium. Their main causes involve both pathophysiological and psychosocial factors. In the literature, a significant impact of the psychoemotional factor is reported, comparable to the impact of other factors concerning physical health such as systemic diseases, malocclusions, loss of teeth, and traumas. Stress, fatigue, anxiety, depression, sleep disorders, and a fast pace of life affect negatively the human psyche.Aim of study : The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and oral parafunctions, as well as their correlation with psychoemotional factors among dental students by using diagnostic criteria (DC/TMD).Subjects, materials and methods : the sample’s size of 407 students (169 males and 238 females) of dental college (100 fifth stage , 102 fourth stage ,99 third stage and 106 second stage ). Firstly students subjected for stress questionnaire (perceived stress scale - 10) , secondly they subjected to different clinical and questionnaire measures according to diagnostic criteria of temporomandibular disorders DC/TMD (axis1) which have standerized series of diagnostic tests based on clinical signs and symptoms , finally the dental students subjected for oral parafunctions questionnaire using oral behavior checklist.Results : the results obtained from this study showed that the prevalence of TMDs was significantly greater among students with oral parafunctions. We also observed that the prevalence of TMDs according to DC/TMD was higher among students with headache.In this study, the prevalence of psycho - emotional stress , TMD according to DC/TMD and oral parafunctions were higher in females than males and in fifth stage greater than other stages.Conclusion : • the prevalence of TMDs according to DC/TMD were significantly higher among females than males.• Oral parafunctions ( bruxism , cheek/lips biting , objects biting and nail biting ) showed greater prevalence in fifth stages than others and higher in females than males • In all stages females showed greater prevalence of psycho - emotional stress than males and among students of fifth stage the prevalence of psycho - emotional stress was higher than other stages.

قوة الدفع الرابطة الى الخارج والتسرب القمي للمواد (MTA Plus, Biodentine and Bioceramic) بتقنية حشوة ثلث القمي للجذر : دراسة مختبرية Push - Out Bond Strength And Apical Microleakage of (Mta Plus, Biodentine, And Bioceramic)As Apical Third Filling (An In Vitro Study)

اسم المؤلف: عبير علي عباس

اسم المشرف: جمال عزيز مهدي

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2015

الموضوع الدقيق: معالجة الاسنان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: اجريت هده الدراسة المختبرية لتقيم قدرة ختم لثلاث مواد استعملت ( بتقنة حشوة ثلث القمي لقناة الجذر ) باستعمال اختبار قوة الربط الدفع الى الخارج ودراسة التسرب القمي.ستين جذر حلقي الاسنان العلوية ذو قناة مستقيمة ذات فتحة قمية مكتملة التكوين مختارة بعناية وفق | This study was conducted to evaluate the sealing ability of three materials used as apical third filling by using push - out bond strength test and apical microleakage study.Sixty straight palatal roots of freshly extracted maxillary first molars were selected. All teeth had mature apices, selected carefully according to specific criteria. The roots were instrumented using crown down technique with rotary Protaper universal system, instrumentation were done with 5ml of 2.5% sodium hypochlorite used as irrigation between files, 17% buffered solution of EDTA was used as final irrigant followed by 2.5% sodium hypochlorite then 10ml distilled water to remove any remnant of irrigant. Roots were randomly divided into three groups according to the filling materials used ( twenty roots for each group) : Group (1) : MTA Plus ( 4mm thickness) using as apical third filling. Group (2) : Biodentine (4mm thickness) using as apical third filling.Group (3) : Bioceramic root repair material (4mm thickness) using as apical third filling.Easy and Quick (E&Q) obturation system were used to complete obturation of roots. After incubation period at 37 °C for three days. Ten roots from each group were used for push - out test, after root were embedded in clear acrylic resin, sectioned at apical level in 2mm and 4mm from root apex to provide slice 2mm in thickness. The bond strength was measured using computerized universal testing machine, each section fixed in the machine so that the load applied from apical to coronal direction at 0.5mm/min speed and the computer drew curve to show the higher bond force before dislodgment of the filling material. These force were divided by surface area to obtain the bond strength in MPa.After debonding each sample was examined under Stereomicroscope and the type of failure mode was recorded. The result showed non significant different between Biodentine group and MTA Plus group. Biodentine group showed a very high significant difference with Bioceramic material group. Also high significant difference between MTA Plus group and Bioceramic material group. The Biodentine group showed highest mean of bond strength in comparison to other test group.Ten roots remain from each group used for apical microleakage study. The roots submerged in 2% methylene blue for three days. The roots were cleared and the degree of linear dye penetration was measured in millimeter by stereomicroscope under 40 X magnification with calibrated scale ocular grid. The result showed the Biodentine group lowest mean of microleakage than other group while Bioceramic material group showed high mean of microleakage than other groups. There are no significant difference among groups. There is positive correlation between push - out bond strength and an apical dye penetration in microleakage for each group of material.

فشل القشور الخزفية المصنوعه من السيراميك باستخدام تقنيات اللصق المختلفة : دراسة مقارنة مختبرية Failures of Porcelain Laminate Veneers Using Different Techniques of Bonding (A Comparative In Vitro Study)

اسم المؤلف: صفا عدنان كعيد

اسم المشرف: عمار عطا الله علي السعدي

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2015

الموضوع الدقيق: جراحة الفم والوجه والفكين

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Esthetic dentistry as a concept and adhesive materials development as a functional element make the new dawn of dentistry especially with the continuous development of adhesive techniques. This study is to evaluate the failure patterns of porcelain laminate veneers used to esthetically restore maxillary first premolar by bonding them to enamel and dentin with two different techniques.Forty eight extracted human maxillary first premolar were used for this study. Teeth were divided randomly into one control group and three experimental groups of twelve teeth eachGroup (A) were prepared in enamel (0.5 mm) depth of preparation. Group (B) were prepared in dentin (1 mm) depth of preparation and their veneers were bonded by DDS technique. Group (C) were prepared in dentin (1 mm) depth of preparation and their veneers were bonded by IDS technique. Standard preparation for each tooth in the experimental groups with ceramic veneer set burs especially designed for laminate veneer preparation. All the experimental groups were restored with the same type of veneer which was lithium disilicate ceramic CAD/CAM blocks (IPS e. max CAD, ivoclar vivadent) and were milled by CAD/CAM technology (CEREC inLab 4.02 milling system, Sirona).For all the experimental groups, Choice™2 veneer cement (Bisco, USA) was used for the luting of veneers. After cementation, teeth were stored in distilled water in 37°C for one week. The specimens were loaded to failure using instron universal testing machine. Specimens in experimental groups were examined by stereomicroscope at magnification of 20x to evaluate the mode of failure.Results were statistically analyzed and showed that the highest mean of failure load was recorded for the control group (548.1 N ± 93.2), for group (A) the mean of failure load was (393.4 N ± 84.2), and for Group (B) had the mean of failureAbstract IIIload was (237.8 N ± 91.6), and for group (C) the mean of failure load was (318 N ± 82.2).The one way ANOVA test was carried out and showed that there is a statistically high significant difference among the groups.Then the LSD test have shown that there is a statistically high significant difference between the control group and all three of the experimental groups, and there was a statistical high significant difference between group (A) and group (B), while group (C) have shown that there is a statistical significant difference with groups (A) and (B).The mode of failure varied from only debonding in groups (B and C) to deboning and fracture in group A.In conclusion, this study found that although enamel is still the most favorable tooth substrate for indirect adhesive restorations, the development of bonding techniques like IDS made dentin as acceptable tooth substrate for indirect adhesive restorations when it's unavoidable.

تقييم صحة الفم والبروتينات اللعابية لدى المرضى المصابين بمرض باركنسن Assessment of The Oral Health And Saliva Proteins In Patients With Parkinsons Disease

اسم المؤلف: صباح فرحان مشتت

اسم المشرف: هاجر ابراهيم عبد الله مروان صالح النمر

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: جراحة الفم والوجه والفكين

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Background : Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder related to the loss or absence of dopaminergic neurons in the brain. The deficits caused by PD result in slowness of movement, tremor, rigidity, and dysfunction of behavior and these symptoms negatively influence the patient’s capability to carry out the daily oral hygiene manoeuvres.Aims of study : This study aims at using saliva as a biological fluid for assessment in detecting the biomarkers of Parkinson's disease and to assess the impact of this disease on the oral health of patients.Materials and methods : A total number of fourty participants were involved in the study; twenty subjects who appeared healthy (Group I) and twenty Parkinson's patients (Group II). Patients who are eligible for this study were cases of Parkinson's disease treated with anti - Parkinson's medications, both genders and their ages ranged from 40 - 75 years. Specific information related to the demographic characteristics and illness is obtained from each patient. The Brain Bank Diagnostic Criteria for Parkinson’s disease established by United Kingdom Parkinson's Disease Society was used. Each patient was subjected to oral examination during which DMF index was scored, oral health impact Profile OHIP - 14 was used and from each participant the whole unstimulated saliva was collected for biochemical analysis including total salivary protein, direct determination of saliva proteins and determination of ? - synuclein. Results : many oral and clinical signs and symptoms elsewhere in the body were reported in the patient with Parkinson's disease while the clinical features of Parkinson's disease observed in all patients despite of their treatment. Static tremor observed in 100%, rigidity in 70%, disturbances in the autonomic nervous system reflected on the cardiovascular, gastrointestinal and urinary tracts, orthostatic dizziness observed in 75%, dry mouth in 65% difficulties in swallowing in 40% and constipation in 70%. Teeth examination revealed that Parkinson's patients have a non - significant high means of decay and missing teeth compared with healthy subjects. The total saliva protein in Parkinson's patients is significantly higher than the corresponding value of healthy subjects. The extinction coefficient of uncontaminated protein in Parkinson's patients is significantly less than the corresponding values of healthy subjects and salivary ? - synuclein level is significantly less in Parkinson's patients than healthy subjects.Conclusions : Salivary ? - synuclein may serves as a biomarker for Parkinson's disease. Specific protein with extinction coefficient 27.5 M.Cm - 1 is secreted in saliva of Parkinson's patients. The characteristic saliva protein produced in patients with Parkinson's disease is deficient in tyrosine level and Dental care is required for both groups (Parkinson's patients and healthy subjects).

الاستريتين الفموي مقابل غلوكونات الزنك عن طريق الفم : دراسة علاجية مقارنة وعبورية في علاج مرض بهجت Oral Acitretin Versus Oral Zinc Gluconate As A Comparative Cross - Over Therapeutic Study In Treatment of Behcet,S Disease

اسم المؤلف: سناء عبد الحميد حسين

اسم المشرف: هاجر ابراهيم عبد الله عادل عبد الغفور النعيمي

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: جراحة الفم والوجه والفكين

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: اساس البحث : مرض بهجت هو اضطراب جهازي حيث ان اسبابه المرضيه ليست محدده جيده.المظاهر الاكثر شيوعا هي الاغشيه المخاطيه الجلديه ولكن يمكن ان يشمل العين, انظمة القلب,الاوعيه الدمويه والجهاز العصبي. هناك العديد من طرائق المعالجه الموضعيه والجهازيه. تمت محاول | Background : Behcet’s disease is a systemic disorder where its etiopathogenesis is not well determined. The commonest manifestations are muccocutaneous but can involve eye, cardiovascular and neurological systems. There are many modalities of therapy topical and systemic.Isotretinion has been tried as an effective therapy of muccocutaneous manifestations. In present work was to try a new retinoid like acitretin which has longer half life than isotretinoin.Aims of the study : To evaluate the effectiveness of oral acitretin versus oral zinc gluconate in the treatment and prophylaxis of Behcet’s disease as a new therapeutic model.Materials and methods : This cross over controlled therapeutic study that conducted in the Department of Dermatology - Baghdad Teaching Hospital the period from August 2013 - May 2014.Twenty patients with fulfilled criteria of Behcets’s disease was included in this work. History and full examination were done for all patients regarding all demo - garaphic points related to the disease. They were given acitretin 25 mg orally once daily for three months to be seen on the day fourteenth firstly and then monthly to be assessed depending on the clinical manifestation index for Behcets disease. After three months, acitretin was stopped and patients were given zinc gluconate 25 mg twice daily for another three months. Results : Twenty patients were treated 12 males (60%), and 8 females (40%), with male to female ratio 1.5 : 1. All these patients completed the study and their ages ranged between 20 - 59 years with mean± SD (37.3±12.3). Pathergy both ordinary and oral were also minimized by this therapy while C - reactive protein was not much effective by this therapy. Zinc gluconate also had the same therapeutic action against these manifestations. Clinical manifestations index before treatment ranged between 1 and 11 with mean ± SD of 5.65±1.98.After acitretin therapy the mean of CMI started to decline to reach 2.65 ±2.03 in first month of the therapy with (p=0.00001) which was statistically high significant and continued high significant till the end of the third month with (p - value > 0.000001). After cessation of acitretin and zinc gluconate started the mean continued to decrease to reach 2.05±2.52 at the end of the first month with (p=<0.000001) which was statistically high significant then; started to increase to reach 3.3 ±2.31 at the end of six month of the therapy but statistically remained high significant (p - value=0.0007). Both acitretin and zinc gluconate have statistically significant effect in reducing severity and frequency of oral ulcers, genital ulcers, skin and rheumatologic manifestations. Conclusions : oral acitretin was found to be an effective therapy in addition to its prophylactic action in treatment of muccocutaneous manifestations of Behcet,s disease. Also zinc gluconate had effective therapeutic action against these features of Behcet’s disease.

تاثــير مستوى الاسترادايول والبروجستيرون في اللعاب على حالة صحة الفم عند النساء اثناء الحمل Effects of Salivary Level of Estradiol And Progesterone On Oral Health Status In Women During Pregnancy

اسم المؤلف: زينة كامل كاظم

اسم المشرف: هاجر ابراهيم عبد الله

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: جراحة الفم والوجه والفكين

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: الحمل هو حالة فسيولوجية تجلب مجموعة واسعة من التغييرات في حياة المراة، بما في ذلك التعرض لامراض اللثة، ربما بسبب التغيرات الهرمونية المرتبطة مع الحمل. قد تؤثر الهرمونات الجنسية على اغشية الفم واللثة وربما هذا يؤدي الى العديد من الامراض اللثوية. ان هرمونا | Pregnancy is a physiological state that brings a wide range of changes in a woman’s life, including a susceptibility to gingival disease, probably due to hormonal changes associated with pregnancy. These female sex hormones may modify the oral mucosa and may lead to various degrees of gingival inflammation. The hormonal changes occurring during pregnancy may be associated with pregnancy gingivitis and gingival bleeding. Sex hormones are specific regulatory molecules have long been considered to play an influential role on periodontal tissues especially gingiva, bone turnover rate, wound healing and periodontal disease progression. Aims of the study1. Assessment of oral hygiene level and dental status in both second and third trimester pregnant women and compares results.2. Assessment salivary hormonal levels of endogenous female sex steroids in both second and third trimester pregnant women and compares results.3. Comparison of oral health status and endogenous female sex steroids salivary hormonal levels between gingivitis and non - gingivitis subgroups of both second and third trimester pregnant women groups.4. Find out the association between the gingival health status and salivary hormonal levels of endogenous female sex steroids (Estradiol and progesterone).Materials and methods This study was carried out on seventy - eight pregnant women who were attended for routine and regular follow up visits in obstetrics and gynecology department at Al - Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, from February 2013 to July 2013. This study was approved by the scientific committee in the department of oral medicine college of dentistry Al - Mustansiriya University. They were divided according to gestational age in to second trimester group and third trimester group. Fifty pregnant women (age range 18 - 38 years) and at gestational age was ranged between (20 - 27 weeks) were recruited as 2nd trimester group and Twenty - eight pregnant women (age range 18 - 39 years) at gestational age ranged between (28 - 33 weeks) were recruited as 3rd trimester group and according to Loe and Silness gingival index these two groups subdivided into gingivitis and non - gingivitis groups. Oral clinical examination including an assessment of gingival inflammation (Loe and Silness Gingival Index), Plaque amount (Silness and Loe Plaque Index), dental status (Decayed Missing Filling Teeth), and salivary flow rate (SFR) had also been done. Samples of whole unstimulated (resting) saliva were collected from all participants then investigated for sex steroids salivary hormonal levels of Estradiol, Progesterone. Results and discussion Oral health measurements including : GI, PLI, SFR and DMFT showed no significant difference between 2nd trimester and 3rd trimester groups. Sex steroids salivary hormonal levels of Progesterone showed a significant difference with higher mean value in 3rd trimester pregnant women than 2nd trimester pregnant women while sex steroids salivary hormonal levels of Estradiol showed no significant difference between two groups. Comparisons between gingivitis and non - gingivitis subgroups of 2nd trimester pregnant women group showed that there was highly significant difference in SFR with higher mean value in non - gingivitis group, and there was highly significant difference in PLI with higher mean value in gingivitis group, DMFT showed non - significant difference between the subgroups and (Estradiol and progesterone) salivary hormonal levels showed highly significant difference with higher mean values in gingivitis group. Comparisons between gingivitis and non - gingivitis subgroups of 3rd trimester pregnant women group showed that there was a non - significant difference in SFR, DMFT and a highly significant difference in PLI with higher mean value in gingivitis group, while progesterone salivary hormonal levels showed non - significant difference and Estradiol salivary hormonal levels showed a highly significant difference with higher mean value in gingivitis group. Comparison of GI between gingivitis groups of both 2nd and 3rd trimester pregnant women showed that there was a significant difference with higher mean value in 3rd trimester. Estradiol and progesterone salivary hormonal levels were non - significantly correlated with PLI and GI for gingivitis and non - gingivitis group of 2nd trimester pregnant women. Progesterone salivary hormonal level was non - significantly correlated with PLI and GI for gingivitis and non - gingivitis group of 3rd trimester pregnant women while Estradiol salivary hormonal level was non - significantly correlated with PLI and GI for non - gingivitis group and significantly correlated with PLI and GI for gingivitis group. GI and PLI for gingivitis groups of both 2nd and 3rd trimester revealed that there was a highly significant correlation.Conclusions Female Sex steroids hormones (Estradiol and Progesterone) salivary hormonal levels significantly increase from the second to the third trimester especially Estradiol and Play an important role in influencing gingival inflammation during pregnancy. These hormones are neither necessary nor sufficient to produce gingival changes by themselves. However, they may alter periodontal tissue responses to microbial plaque and thus indirectly contribute to gingivitis. Dental status in pregnant women is not significantly different between 2nd and 3rd trimester pregnant women groups. Women should be offered training in good oral hygiene habits, and community awareness programs should be conducted to increase their awareness of the crucial importance of such habits especially during pregnancy

قياس قوة الدفع للخارج لحشوات الجذور GuttaFlow 2 , Thermafil وGuttaCore : دراسة مختبرية Push Out Bond Strength of Guttaflow 2, Thermafil, And Guttacore Obturation Materials (An In Vitro Study)

اسم المؤلف: حيدر طالب فاضل

اسم المشرف: جمال عزيز مهدي

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2015

الموضوع الدقيق: معالجة الاسنان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

اسم المؤلف: مها علي حسن الجبوري

اسم المشرف: هديل علي حسين الهاشمي

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية طب الاسنان - قسم تقويم الاسنان

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

التقييم النسيجي والميكانيكي للتكامل العظمي لزرعات التتانيوم بعد تحرير تصميم الجزء المسنن من الزراعة او طلائها بمادة بذور الكتان : دراسة تجريبية على الارانب Histological And Mechanical Evaluation of The Osseointegration of Titanium Implants By The Modification of Thread Design And/Or Coating With Flaxseed (An Experimental Study On Rabbits)

اسم المؤلف: مصطفى هادي جواد

اسم المشرف: عذراء يحيى الحجازي نبيل كاظم عبد الصاحب

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: الانسجة الفموية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Dental implant surface technologies have been evolving rapidly to enhance a more rapid bone formation on their surface and hold a potential to increase the predictability of expedited implant therapy.Numerous surface modification approaches have been developed for all classes of dental implants to modulate biological responses and improve the osseointegration and primary stability. Hence, Implant threads should be designed to maximize the delivery of optimal favorable stresses while minimizing the amount of extreme adverse stresses to the bone implant interface. In addition, using of biomaterial coating of implant surface for the enhancement of bone formation has been achieved through the modulation of osteoblasts adhesion and spreading that induced better stability and more implant surface contact area.The aims of the study are : 1. Evaluation of titanium implant osseointegration by the modification of thread design and I or coating its surface by Flaxseed.2. Evaluate the new surface modification of titanium implant, histologically, mechanically and radiographically.Materials and methods : One hundred and twenty eight commercially pure titanium (CpTi) screws were implanted in rabbit tibiae. Implants were divided as follows : 1. Dual - threaded group (32 implants). 2. Single - threaded coated with grinded flaxseed group (32 implants).3. Single - threaded with central groove (32 implants).4. Single - threaded (control) group (32 implants).Histological, mechanical and radiographical analysis were performed for all implants after each healing periods (2,4,6 and 8) weeks.Results : 1. Dual - threaded implant illustrated the highest mean value in thread width and removal torque, and it showed mature bone at 8 weeks.2. Grooved implant illustrated close opposing threads. 3. Coated implant illustrated highest mean value in osteoblast cell count and showed a proliferating cartilage zone that later on degenerated and replaced by bone.Conclusion : The present results conclude that each modified implants shows a different benefits whether a modification of the implant surface mechanically (dual or grooved thread) or by coating the implants with Flaxseed.

اسم المؤلف: ازهار عبد الامير فرج

اسم المشرف: فخري عبد علي الفتلاوي

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية طب الاسنان - قسم تقويم الاسنان

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

حاله الاكتئاب وعلاقتها بحاله الفم والخصائص الفزيوكيميائيه لدى طلاب المدارس من فئه عمر 15 سنة في مدينة الصويره - حافظة واسط - جمهورية العراق Depression Status In Relation To Oral Health Condition And Salivary Physiochemical Characteristics Among 15 Years Old School Students In Al - Swera City - Wassit Governorate - Iraq

اسم المؤلف: هدى سلمان خیاله

اسم المشرف: بان صاحب ذیاب

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان الوقائي

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Background : Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, its affect oral health through its effect on salivary function. The aims of this study were to assess the relation of depression status on prevalence and severity of dental caries and gingival inflammation among students aged 15 years in relation to salivary physical (flow rate and viscosity) and chemical characteristics concentration of (total protein, zinc, copper, chromium and lithium).Materials and methods : The total sample involved 800 students (males and females) aged 15 years old that were selected randomly, the depression status was measured using Children Depression Inventory (CDI) index that divided the students with depression into four groups according to severity of depression (low or average grade, high average grade, elevated grade and very elevated grade). The diagnosis and recording of dental caries was made by using Decay, Missing, Filled surface index (DMFs), according to the criteria of Manji et al (1989), while gingival condition was evaluated by using the gingival index by L?e and Silness, (1964). Salivary samples were collected under standardized condition from 30 students with very elevated grade and 30 students with low average grade, and then analyzed for measuring salivary flow rate and viscosity, in addition to the estimation of salivary elements (total protein, zinc, copper, chromium and lithium).Results : The prevalence of depression was 100%. The DMFs was lower among students with high average grade than other grades of depression with nonsignificant difference. The severity of dental caries was higher among students with elevated grade concerning D1, D3 and in very elevated grade of depression concerning D2, D4 with highly significant among D4 (P = 0.01). The prevalence of gingivitis in present study was found to be 100%, mild gingivitis occurrence found higher among low or average grade than other grades, but moderate gingivitis was more among very elevated grade, while sever gingivitis was absent. Salivary analysis demonstrated that the salivary flow rate was non significantly higher among students with low or average grade of depression than very elevated, while the viscosity of saliva was not significantly higher among students with very elevated grade. The data analysis of salivary elements found that the total protein and copper was higher among students with very elevated grade while other elements show the opposite result with significant difference concerning copper and zinc among females in very elevated grade, while others with not significant.Conclusion : The results of the current research revealed that caries experience and gingival inflammation increase with depression that has an adverse effect on salivary physicochemical characteristics. There were changes in saliva variables between low or average grade and very elevated grade of depression.

تاثير متسلل التسوس ممزوج مع او بدون مواد لاصقة تقليدية على ختم المينا السليمة : دراسة مختبرية The Influence of Caries Infiltrant Combined With And Without Conventional Adhesives On Sealing of Sound Enamel (In Vitro Study)

اسم المؤلف: مروة بلاسم محمد الجيبةجي

اسم المشرف: ضياء جعفر الدباغ

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية طب الاسنان - قسم تقويم الاسنان

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: The formation of white spot lesions around fixed orthodontic attachments is a common complication during and following fixed orthodontic treatment, which hinder the results of a successfully completed case.The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of the Caries Infiltrant (ICON®) on prevention of caries on the smooth enamel surface when applied alone or combined with conventional adhesives. To achieve this objective, seventy eight human premolar enamel discs were randomly assigned to six groups (n=13). The discs were etched and treated with resins of different monomer content forming the following groups : (1)Untreated etched samples served as the negative control, (2) ICON® (DMG), (3) Adper™ SB 2 (3M ESPE), (4) Heliobond (Ivoclar Vivadent), (5) ICON®+ Adper™ SB 2 and (6) ICON®+ Heliobond. Specimens were subjected to demineralization by immersion in hydrochloric acid (pH 2.6) for 18 days. Calcium dissolution into the acid was assessed by photometric test via spectrophotometer at 24 hour intervals.The results revealed that, there was a highly significant difference between the sealed groups and the unsealed (untreated) one (p?0.00) indicating that the unsealed specimens showed the highest amount of Ca ion loss among all other groups. Additionally, there was no significant difference between untreated specimens and the ICON® sealed ones. While, Heliobond decreased the Ca ion loss significantly compared to the untreated specimens and Adper™ SB 2 performed significantly better than both ICON® and Heliobond. Furthermore, the combination of ICON® with either Adper™ SB 2 or Heliobond served as the best protective measures and maintained the protective effect during the whole experiment period.Therefore, within the limitations of this in vitro study, it could be concluded that the use of low - viscosity Caries Infiltrant prior to application of the tested conventional adhesives increases their protective effect against demineralization.

تقييم تاثير بلازما النيتروجين المتوهج لغرسة التيتانيوم التجاري على الترابط العظمي بالتحليل الميكانيكي والتحليل النسيجي Evaluation of The Effect of Glow Plasma Nitriding of Commercially Pure Titantium Dental Implant On Osseointigration Through Mechanical And Histomorphometric Analysis

اسم المؤلف: حسن جواد فرحان المسعودي

اسم المشرف: شذى سليم الامير

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان

الدرجة: دبلوم عالي

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: الاتجاه الجديد للغرسات هوايجاد المواد التي تسرع عملية بناء العظم في السطح البيني للعظم والغرسه وتحسين الاندماج العظمي من اجل توفير التحميل الفوري والمباشر بعد وضع الغرسات وتقليص فترة الانتظار التي تكون مزعجه وغير مريحه للمرضى.الاهداف.تقييم تاثير طلاء ال | Introduction : The new trend of implants is to find materials which accelerate bone formation in bone implant interface and improve osseointegration to provide immediate or early loading after placement in addition to eliminate the waiting period which is usually uncomfortable and disturbs patients. Aim of study : To evaluate the effect of plasma nitride treatment of screw shaped commercially pure titanium dental implant on bond strength at bone implant interface by torque removal test and histomorphometric analysis after 2 and 6 weeks in comparison to non treated one.Materials and methods : Commercial pure titanium plates and screws were plasma nitrided for 10h using glow plasma nitride apparatus. X - ray diffraction (XRD) analysis , scanning electron microscope examination were carried out on the nitride surfaces of the plates ,contact angle measurement (Wettability) was done by applying drop of saline and blood on the nitrided surface and compared to control. The femur of 10 white New Zealand rabbits were chosen as implantation sites. The femur of each rabbit received two screws, one plasma nitride treated and one non treated and a total of 40 screws were implanted. Torque removal test was performed(by digital torque meter) to measure bond strength between implant and bone, after 2 and 6 weeks healing periods. For each period of time 18 screws were tested for the torque required to remove the implant from the bone and 2 screws were kept for histological examination. Results : The results revealed that the mean removal torque values for the plasma nitride treated implants was significantly higher than the non treated implants and over the two periods of time. There was an increase in the bond strength (torque value) of bone - implant interface with time. The torque removal force for plasma nitride implants after 2 and 6 weeks was (30.22, 59.56 N.cm ,respectively) and for non treated implants after 2 and 6 weeks were ( 23.61,56.11N.cm, respectively) and new bone formation ratio for plasma nitride treated implants after 2 and 6 weeks(3.36, 4.72 , respectively) and for non treated after 2 and 6 weeks(1.56, 3.04, respectively). Conclusion : Plasma nitriding of Cp Ti screws significantly increased the torque removal value and new bone formation ratio at 2 and 6 weeks compared with the non treated implant.Dental implant, Osseointegration, Digital torque meter

مواصفات الاطباق وادراكه والحاجة والطلب على تقويم الاسنان لدى الطلاب البغداديين بعمر 13 سنة : دراسة مقارنة مسحية ميدانية Occlusal Features, Perception of Occlusion And Orthodontic Treatment Need And Demand Among 13 Years Aged Baghdadi Students (A Comparative Cross Sectional Epidemiological Study

اسم المؤلف: زينب محمد رضا الجلبي

اسم المشرف: فخري عبد علي الفتلاوي

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية طب الاسنان - قسم تقويم الاسنان

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: The study was conducted to assess the distribution, prevalence, severity of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in Baghdad governorate in relation to gender and residency, and whether it has increased or not over 12 years by comparison with previous survey in Baghdad.A multi - stage stratified sampling technique was used in this investigation to make the sample a representative of target population. The sample consisted of 2700 (1349 males and 1351 females) intermediate school students aged 13 years representing 3% of the total target population.A questionnaire was used to determine the perception of occlusion and orthodontic treatment demand of the students and the assessment procedures for occlusal features by direct intraoral measurement using veriner and an instrument to measure the rotated and displaced teeth. In summary the followingresults were obtained : 1 - 7.7% of the sample had some type of orthodontic treatment or consultation.2 - 39.1% of the students answered that they have malaligned teeth, being significantly more in female than males.3 - of the students who stated that they have malaligned teeth, 26% reported that they had crowded teeth, 26.6% had spaced teeth, 22.4% had protruded teeth and 25.7% had rotated and displaced teeth.4 - Regarding the answers of the effect of mal - aligned teeth, 70.3% answered that it affects their appearance, 17.7% chewing, and 7.7% speech while 4.1% answered that mal - aligned teeth did not affect appearance, chewing or speech.5 - the most common reasons for not seeking orthodontic treatment that the student thought that treatment is fear of pain (48.8%) and not important or not possible (25.8%).6 - One or more missing teeth due to extraction or trauma were found in 4.9% of the sample, and the most common extracted teeth were the first molars (1.6% mandibular and 0.9% maxillary). One or more rotated teeth were found in 38.3% of the sample; one or more displacement teeth were found in 19.6% of the sample.7 - The maxillary anterior region showed the highest prevalence of 2mm or more spacing (15.2%) and the mandibular anterior region showed the highest prevalence of 2mm or more crowding (12.6%); a maxillary central diastema of 1mm or more was found in 18.1% of the sample with a mean of 0.306±0.015mm.8 - Angle’s class I occlusion was found in 78.29%of the sample, class II in 19.5% (17.2% division 1 and 2.3% division 2) and 2.3% had class malocclusion (1.6% postural and 0.7% true). The mean overjet of the sample was 3.31± 0.04 mm. The mean overbite was 2.99±0.03 mm,9 - Midline shift (?1mm) was found in 54.3% of the sample (28% to the right and 26.3% to the left side).Soft tissue impingement was found in 3.3% (3% palatally and 0.3% labially). Normal lip form was found in 86.6%, contracting lip form in 10.1% and lip trap in 3.3% of the sample.10 - The DAI scores registered in this study ranged between 13 and 65 with a mean of 23.234±0.12. 7.3% with treatment highly desirable, and 4.5% with treatment mandatory.Significant changes in the proportions of malocclusions as a whole in school children were found over the last decade; also increase the need for orthodontic treatment among adolescents in the Baghdad commune and low perception level of the Baghdadi children to their own occlusion and the demand on treatment was remarkably low. This data will be useful for public oral health service and emphasize the need for orthodontic treatment among adolescents in Baghdad and stressing on the role of oral health education to encourage the children to undergo orthodontic treatment.

تاثير اضافة فلوريد الصوديوم كمطهر على بعض خواص مادة طبعة الالجنيت Effect of Sodium Fluoride Addition As A Disinfectant On Some Properties of Alginate Impression Material

اسم المؤلف: علاء مهدي حسين

اسم المشرف: رغداء كريم جاسم

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: صناعة الاسنان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: المقدمة : تلوث طبعات الاسنان مع اللعاب والدم من تجويف الفم يحصل مباشرة في عيادات الاسنان ومختبرات صناعة الاسنان يجعل من طبعات الاسنان الملوثة فقرات يصعب التعامل معها من وجهة نظر انتشار الاخماج. اشارت التقارير السابقة الى امكانية الطبعات الملوثة بتلويث ال | Introduction : Contamination of dental impressions with saliva and blood from the oral cavity occurs readily in dental clinics, direct interaction between dental clinics and dental laboratories makes contaminated dental impressions difficult items to deal with it from the cross contamination point of view. Previous reports indicated that contaminated impressions can cross infect gypsum casts that were poured against them, however immersing or spraying commonly used alginate impression material with disinfectant may adversely affect the accuracy of dies or casts obtained. Objective : The objective was to evaluate the effect of (0.25%,0.5%,1%, 2%, 3%, 4% ) of (NaF) addition on the self - disinfection of alginate impression material and its effect on setting time, tear strength, dimensional change and accuracy of alginate impression materials and to compare this with CHX containing alginate material related to the same properties mentioned above.Materials and methods : A total No. of 800 specimens were prepared in this study, they were divided into five main groups according to the type of the tests used (tear strength test, setting time test, dimensional change test, dimensional accuracy test, and bacteriological tests (Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans).Six concentrations of NaF from (0.25% to 4%) and 0.1% CHX gluconate were mixed with alginate impression material and compare it with control alginate without disinfectant. Results : The self - disinfecting impression material containing NaF showed a total kill of microorganisms immediately after impressions were made.Tear energies for all experimental impression materials were greater than those of the control products. There were no statistically significant differences between the dimensional change tests and also reproduction of detail test, that contained (NaF) and one that did not. With regard to setting time of the impressions, statistically significant reduction were seen between the control and experimental groups of alginate impression materials. The experimental material that did not contain (NaF) had a considerably longer setting time than all of the other materials tested.Conclusion : the use of (NaF) and CHX disinfection when taking alginate dental impression is a good measure in reduction of contamination and cross infection and have a minute effect on dimensional stability and is recommended as step in protecting dentist and dental laboratories teams.

التاثير السمي للضوء الازرق المرئي على البكتيريا المشعشعة المصاحبة للورم الفطري والبورفيروموناس اللثوية في المرضى المصابين بالتهاب اللثة المزمن : دراسة مختبرية Phototoxic Effect of Visible Blue Light On Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans And Porphyromonas Gingivalis In Patients With Chronic Periodontitis (An In - Vitro Study

اسم المؤلف: علي رعد عبد العزيز

اسم المشرف: مها شكري محمود وفاق محمود الوتار

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: امراض ما حول الاسنان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: الخلفية : على الرغم من ان ازالة الصفائح الجرثومية (الجير) وكلس الاسنان ( الحصى السنية ) بالطرق الميكانيكية يمثل حجر الزاوية في علاج امراض اللثة، يبقى ذلك بحاجة الى علاج مساند اذا علمنا ان التنظيف الميكانيكي لا يستطيع الوصول الى كل السطوح والاماكن حول السن | Background : Although mechanical debridement of dental plaque and calculus represents the corner stone in periodontal treatment , still it needs an adjunctive therapy since mechanical cleaning cannot reach all the surfaces and sites all around the tooth and within periodontal defect or the bacteria that resides inside periodontal tissues. Chemotherapy been used as an adjunctive therapy alongside with mechanical debridement in different compositions and routes, i.e. : chlorhexidine mouth washes (local routes) , antibiotics (systemic route) , yet chemical treatment might not be sufficient or cannot be used as in cases of drug sensitivity , difficulty to maintain effective concentration at wanted sites and lack of patient dexterity and compliance.Hence, arises the need for an alternative adjunctive therapy, photodynamic therapy has been used in recent years, taking advantage of the toxic effect of light on periodontal pathogens (bacteria). Aims of the study : The purpose of this study was to determine the toxic effect of visible blue light emitted from dental curing led light device of wavelength ranges between 400 - 500nm and energy of 1000 - 1200 mw/cm on the viability of periodontal pathogens (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis), alone once , and with combination of 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash in vitro.Materials and methods : A.actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis, was obtained from periodontal pockets of patient suffering from periodontitis by removing the plaque carefully to be cultured under anaerobic conditions for 3 days in suitable culture media using anaerobic jar in the incubator, presence of the wanted micro - organism is confirmed using Gram stain and biochemical activity tests.The amount (quantity of bacteria) was determined by direct colony counting and using visual software aids (open CFU software program) when needed.Visible blue light (LED curing light) from a commercially available device the same used in light - cured fillings in dentistry was used to generate a beam of visible blue light with amount of energy 1000 - 1200 mW/cm2 of a wavelength ranges between 400 - 500nm. Samples were subjected to blue light for increasing time intervals and were subcultured after each exposure.Same procedure of light exposure was repeated on plates containing chlorhexidine mouth wash in holes created with pasture tube, a standardized amount of chlorhexidine (0.1mml) was administrated into the holes of each plate, and then the inhibition zone was measured repeatedly for each plate after 72 hours of anaerobic incubation.

تسوس الاسنان والاحتياجات العلاجية لطالبات الثانوية لعمر (16 - 18) سنة وعلاقتهما مع نظافة الفم، المستوى الدراسي للاهل والتحليل الغذائي في مدينة المسيب/ محافظة بابل/ العراق Dental Caries And Treatment Needs Among 16 - 18 Years Old High School Girls, In Relation To Oral Leanliness, Parent'S Education And Nutritional Status, In Al - Mussayb City/ Babylon Governorate/ Iraq

اسم المؤلف: زهراء محمد حسین

اسم المشرف: سلافة خالد السامرائي

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان الوقائي

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Background : Dental caries is a quite prevalent disease in Iraqi community however, baseline data concerning this disease and related etiological and risk factor are limited, concerning in selected geographic area in Iraq.Aims of study : This survey was made to investigate the prevalence and severity of dental caries in Al - Mussayb city/ Babylon governorate, the co - relation of this disease was studied with nutrition status and dietary analysis, oral cleanliness and parent'seducation among (16 - 18) years old in high school girls.Materials and Methods : The survey was conducted among high school girls, with a total sample of 900. Diagnosis and recording of dental caries and treatment needs were done according to the criteria of WHO. Dental plaque was assessed by using Plaque Index following the criteria of Silness and Loe. Nutritional status was recorded according to Body Mass Index indicator by applying anthropometric measurement. Dietary analysis was according to Dietary Guidelines in primary health centers in Iraq. Parent's education was divided in to five levels according to modification to educational status of Kuppuswamy's scale.Results : The prevalence of dental caries was (70.5%). The DMFS mean value was (4.94 ±SE 0.161) and the median was equal to (4.00) for the total sample. The DMFS value increased with ages with statistically highly significant difference (P<0.01), The highest percentage of examined girls were in need of one surface filling (60.8%), followed by those in need of two or more surface filling (36.6%). Result showed a weak positive highly significant correlation between plaque index and DMFS (r=0.315, P<0.01). A statistically highly significant difference in DMFS was recorded by different level of parent's education as a lower value of DMFS was seen among girls with high level of parent's education. Results showed statistically highly significant differences in the value of DMFS between different grade of Body Mass Index indicator (P <0.01, df=3), for total sample (11.7%) was malnourished and (65.77%) of girls was with normal weight. Statistically highly significant weak negative correlation was seen between DMFS and different food groups (fruits, vegetable, meat, grain and diary). A weak positive highly significant correlation between DMFS and sweet consumption was seen (r=0.155, P<0.01).Conclusions : Girls in high schools in Al - Mussayb city/ Babylon Governorate demonstrated a high prevalence of dental caries. Nutritional status, dietary habits, oral cleanliness and parent's education were found to affect the severity of this disease, thusthere is a need for public and school preventive programs among those population

ابعاد البلعوم فيما يتعلق ببعض المتغيرات السنية والقحفية للصنف الهيكلي الاول والثاني : دراسة مقارنة بالاشعة القياسية الجانبية عند البالغين Nasopharyngeal Dimensions In Relation To Some Dento - Cranium Variables of Class I And II Skeletal Patterns (A Cephalometric Comparative Study In Adults)

اسم المؤلف: عمار عباس فضل

اسم المشرف: فخري عبد علي الفتلاوي

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية طب الاسنان - قسم تقويم الاسنان

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

معدل انتشار وشدة نقص التمعدن الضرسي القاطعي والعلاقة مع العوامل المسببة بين اطفال المدارس بعمر 7 - 9 سنة في محافظة النجف Prevalence And Severity of Molar - Incisor Hypomineralisation In Relation To Its Etiological Factors Among School Children Age 7 - 9 Years In Al - Najaf Governorate

اسم المؤلف: ولاء عامر عوفي

اسم المشرف: بان علي صالح

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: طب اسنان الاطفال

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Molar - Incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is one of the biggest challenges with great clinical interest for dental practice because MIH has a great impact on the oral health as consequently, on the quality of life of children. Currently, the etiology of MIH remains unclear and is thought to be acquired via multifactorial, systemic disturbances during amelogenesis. There is no previous study concerning school children aged 7 - 9 years in Al - Najaf govemorate in order to estimate the prevalence and severity of molar incisorhypomineralisation and the possible associated risk factors. Objective : To estimate the prevalence , severity and the possible associated etiological factors of molar - incisor hypomineralisation and also to study the correlation between body mass index and molar - incisor hypomineralisation.Patients and Methods : A cross sectional study was conducted at Al - Najaf Govemorate, data were collected during the period from January to the end of April 2014. study population included the primary school children aged, 7 - 9 years of both genders who attending the primary schools of Al - Najaf govemorate. Children having amelogenesis imperfecta, tetracycline staining or undergoing orthodontic treatment at the time of study, those with completely broken crowns of the first permanent molars, or those whose parent/guardians refusedto missed data or not get back the questionnaire were excluded from the study. Sample size was calculated according to the standard equation and a total of 600 children were enrolled. A structured self - administered validated arabic language questionnaire and an examination sheet was measured. Body weight and height were measured and the body mass index was calculated according to the standards. Dental material and supplies were used in examination, Prior to the clinical examination the participating children were given a toothbrush and fluoridated toothpaste to brush their teeth thoroughly under the supervision of the researcher. The demarcated hypomineralization was recorded according to the 10 point scoring system depended on the European academy of pediatric dentistry evaluation criteria. The severity was assessed according to the clinical evaluation of the examiner and the presence of opacities. Data of the studied group were entered and analysed by using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21 and appropriate statistical tests were used to assess the differences and correlations between variables. Results : The response rate was 84. 7% and the highest was in the 9 - year - old children, the participants were 532 children, the prevalence of hypomineralisation defect was 22.9%. The prevalence of demarcated hypomineralisation was increased concomitantly with the age, and the 9 - yearold children were the more affected. The overall prevalence of molar - incisor hypomineralisation among boys was lower than girls; (17.3%) and 22.6%, respectively. Molar - incisor hypomineralisation was more frequent in normal body mass index children. The total number of teeth of the studied group was 1464. The number of affected teeth was 3 81 represented (26%) of the total number of teeth. The molar and incisors were most affected with White/creamy demarcated opacities with no posr eruptive enamel breakdown, (27.7% and 15.2%), respectively. The severely affected teeth were 33 teeth, represented 4.5% of the total number of teeth of the 122 children , severely affected molars were 25 (5.1 %) and the severely affected incisors were 8 (0.8%), (P=0.001), Obeseand overweight were more likely to have more severely affected teeth and the severity was also increased with the age of child. Conclusions and Suggestions : The prevalence of Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation among Iraqi schoolchildren of Al Najaf govemorate was 22.9%, it was more prevalent among girls, the 9 - year - old children , normal body weight children and urban residents. Molars were more affected with than incisors. It was more prevalent in maxillary than mandibular teeth. The severely affected teeth represented 4.5% of the total number of teeth of the 122 children. , molars were more severely affected than incisors. The more severely affected teeth reported inobese and underweight children. Further studies are suggested for further understanding of the etiological and risk factors of the disease.

اسم المؤلف: ليث عمر المولى

اسم المشرف: هند طاهر جرجيس

الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان

السنة: 2014

الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية طب الاسنان - قسم تقويم الاسنان

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Maxillary molar distalization is an important method for correcting class II molar relationship.The important thing in the use the distalizing appliances is to reduce the patient cooperation with minimizing the effects of distalizing appliances on the anchoring teeth.Aims : The aim of this study is to compare three different intra - maxillary molar distalization devices with different designs , force direction. Other aims are to compare the effect of these devices on first permanent molars in mesiodistal , buccopalatal, rotational aspects. It aims also to compare the effect of these devices on the first premolar ( which is a part of anchoring system ).Materials and Methods : The samples consisted of three groups; Frog appliance, K - Loop spring and Multidistalizing arch on typodont simulation system (Ormaco). Upper typodont arch of class II division I was used.Pre and postoperative digital images were taken and analysed using AutoCAD software for each group, Six parameters was measured and compared ; first molar ( vertical change ,tipping change ,rotation, distalization rate) and first premolar (vertical change ,tipping change).A significant value of 0.05 was determined.Results : The results of present study showed that the multidistalizing arch gave rise a significant distal tipping, extrusion, distopalatal rotation of first molar and gave rise the highest mean value of first molar distalization rate. Also, gave rise a significant distal tipping and extrusion of first premolar.Frog appliance showed the lowest mean value of molar distalization rate ,distal tipping and rotation , in comparison with Multidistalizing arch (MDA) and K - Loop spring. Also, these parameters ranged between the highest and lowest mean value in extrusion of first molar , first premolar vertical change , Also showed lowest mean of distal tipping of first premolar than Multidistalizing arch (MDA).K - Loop spring ranged between the highest and lowest mean value distalization rate , distal tipping of first molar. Also, showed the lowest mean value in extrusion of first molar and extrusion of first premolar and rotation of first molar.However, The K - Loop spring show mesial tipping of first premolar in comparisom with (MDA) and Frog appliance that show distal tipping of first premolar.Conclusions : It is concluded that the three methods are effective in molar distalization. The best method of first molar distalization ranged between the K - Loop spring and Frog appliance. Consequently the two methods showed good amount of molar distalization with minimal effects on first molar and first premolar.