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تاثير التدخين على بعض القيم الكيميائية الحيوية في مصل الدم للمدخنين الاصحاء Effect of Smoking On Some Biochemical Values In The Blood Serum of Healthy Smokers

اسم المؤلف: انفال كاظم عبد
اسم المشرف: حميد محمود مجيد
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الفسلجة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان ظاهرة التدخين منتشرة على نطاق واسع في جميع انحاء العالم ولها تاثيرات سلبية على الصحة العامة، تعد احد الاسباب الرئيسة للاصابة بالسرطان. اجريت الدراسة في قضاء بعقوبة مركز محافظة ديالى للمدة من الخامس من تشرين الاول 2014 لغاية 1 ايار 2015، تهدف هذه الدراس | The phenomenon of smoking spread widely all over the world and have negative effects on public health and one of the main causes of cancer, a study was conducted in the district of Baquba, center of Diyala province for the period of 5th October 2014 to 1st May 2015, where a total sample of 180 persons from smokers and nonsmokers. The study aimed to knowledge effect of smoking on some biochemical values. The study samples were divided depending on the number of cigarettes consumed per day into four groups : Group I : smokers who smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day No.30 aged between (30 - 40) years.Group II : smokers who smoked more than 30 cigarettes per day No.30 aged between (30 - 40) years.Group III : smokers who smoked more than 40 cigarettes per day No.37 aged between (30 - 40) years.Group IV : smokers who smoked more than 50 cigarettes per day No.23 aged between (30 - 40) years.These groups were compared with non - smokers group consisting of 60 persons age range between (30 - 40) years. Results of statistical analysis showed : The presence of a significant rise in the level of probability of P <0.01 in the levels of TC, TG, LDL - C and VLDL - C in smokers compared with non - smokers, with these high levels to increase the number of cigarettes smoked per day, especially in the two groups of the third and fourth - smoking,. agreement this increase with height in levels (MDA) Malondialdehyde, while levels of HDL - C decreased inversely with the number of cigarettes smoked per day and the values of MDA.Increase the activity of the liver enzyme AST, ALT, ALP, LDH and decreasing in total serum bilirubin value in all smokers groups compared with nonsmoker. Elevated potassium ion level in all smokers groups compared with non - smokers. and ions of sodium and chloride were not affected. We conclude from the above there is a positive correlation between the number of cigarettes smoked per day relationship and TC, TG, LDL - C, VLDL - C and MDA, as well as liver enzymes : AST, ALT, ALP, LDH and the existence of a negative correlation between the numbers of cigarettes smoked per day and HDL - C, TSB in smokers

تاثير الكلوتاثيون وبيروكسيد الهيدروجين وتداخلهما في بعض الصفات النوعية والكمية لنبات الماش Vigna radiat Effect of Glutathione And Hydrogen Peroxide And Their Interactions On Some of The Quantity And Quality Characteristic of (Mung Bean) Plant Vigna Radiata L.

اسم المؤلف: ايمان حسين هادي الحياني
اسم المشرف: وفاق امجد القيسي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - الفسلجة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Two field experiments were conducted during the spring and autum growth season of Vigna radiata L. in the year 2014 at botanical garden of Biology Department, Collage of Education for Pure Science (Ibn AL_Haithem) University of Baghdad.The experiments aimed to study the effect of glutathione and hydrogen peroxide, and their interactions on some of quantity and quality characteristic of plant Vigna radiate L.The treatment of glutathione (0, 25, 50, 75, 100) mg.L - 1 While the H2O2 (0, 5, 10, 15) ml mol. L - 1.The two experiment were designed as Randomized Complete Block Design as factorial experiment with two factors with three replication which included 60 experiment units the area of each one (1×1`) m. Results were analyzed Statistically and compared using average L.S.D at 0.05. The results of the experiments showed that glutathione revealed significantly increased all study parameter espically in 100 mg.L - 1 concentration, stem diameter by 54.56%, 28.04%, leaves number 69.34%, 53.14% for two seasons, fresh weight 44.20% for first season, the dry weight 37.43%, 91.46%, leaf area 61.61%, 151.23%.leaf area index 86.61%, 146.35%, biomass duration 60.48%, 101.06%, absolute growth rate (AGR) 32%, 92.68%, inflorescences number 56.55%, 39.90%, flower`s number 71.97%, 22.60%, root length19.82. %, 26.20%, root dry weight 76.10%, 79.25%, total function of SOD 69.32%, 40.52%, total Function of POD 29.45%, 82.25%, total Function of GPX 30.90 %, 63.62%, chlorophyll concentration of a 73.48%91.40%, chlorophyll concentration of b 35.42%, 17.67% for two seasons respectively. The total chlorophyll content 13.69%, for second season, Caroten concentration 207%, 309%, proline concentration 84.47%, 31.75%, (MDA) concentration 6.25%, 38.35%, glutathione. concentration 41.49%, 23.62 %, H2O2 concentration 52.16%, 33.24%, pods number 17.43%, 16.93%, 100 seeds weight 22.95 % 22.48%, , 93.62%, seeds yield 52.17%, 43.70%, the carbohydrate percentage 64.07%, 19.21 %, the protein percentage 22.32% for first season while the results of effect of soaking seeds with H2O2 specially with 15m ml.L - 1 concentration increased stem diameter 45.52%, 34.00%, leaves number 18.55%, 30.75%, Lateral branch 26.06%, 48.04% for Two seasons respectially, fresh weight 35.45% for first season, dry weight 40.89%, 43.85%, leaf area 53.24%, 64.53%, leaf area index 92.30%, 62.39%, biomass duration 35.35%, 57.53%, abosult growth rate34.78 %, 48%, in, inflorescences number 34.98%, 38.10% flowers number 2.987, 20.13%, root length19.44 %, 19.36%, root dry weight 99%, 96.52% total functhion of (SOD)100%, 2853%, total function of (POD) 176.57%, 40.58%, total function of (CAT)118.29%, 71.78%total functhion of (GPX)12.80%, 61.40%, Caroten concentration 54%for second season, prolineconcentration 40.93%for first season, (MDA) content 17.31% for second season, glutathione concentration, 13.68% 24.29%, H2O2 concentration 26.53%, 30.58%, number of pods 42.77%, 20.51%, seads number /pod 22.93%, 22.93%, 100 seeds Wieght 24.07%, 24.86%, seeds yield 16.69% for first season, the solubly carbohydraty percentage 43.26%for first season, the protein percentage 11.50%, 25.18 % for two seasons respicatlly, while chlorophyll a decreas concentration ed by 15m ml.L1 12.87%for second season, total chlorophyll concentration 39.66%, 26.22 for two season respicatlly. There were high significant interaction between glutathione and H2O2 in all study parameter characters in the two experiments.

العلاقة المحتملة بين مرض الاكياس المائية وسرطان الكبد والرئتين The Probable Relationship Between The Hydatidosis And Liver And Lungs Cancer

اسم المؤلف: ايمان سلمان خميس محمود
اسم المشرف: ندى محمد طه البشير نغم ياسين البياتي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد الاصابة ببعض العوامل المرضية مسؤولة عن حوالي خمس حالات السرطان في العالم. وهنالك العديد من الاصابات الطفيلية التي ثبت دورها كمسبب او محفز لسرطانات معينة، الا ان العلاقة بين الاصابة بالاكياس المائية والسرطان مازالت موضع جدال ولذلك فقد هدفت الدراسة الح | Infectious agents are responsible for about one fifth of all cancer cases worldwide. Some parasitic infections are well documented to cause certain cancers. However, the association of hydatid cyst (HC) with cancer is a controversial issue. The current study aimed to investigate the possible association between chronic hydatid cyst infection with liver and lung cancers. The study involved three groups : the first group included 42 patients with HC, the second group included 35 patients with liver (12) and lung (23) cancers, while 25 apparently healthy individuals were recruited to represent the third group (control). Number, diameter, location and the status (calcified or non - calcified) of the HC were recorded from HC group. Blood samples were collected from the studied groups from which serum were separated and kept until being used. Enzyme linked immune - sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to estimate serum levels of anti - HC IgG antibodies, carbohydrate antigen (CA19 - 9), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and ? - glutaml transferase (GGT), while Absorbance measured by spectrophotometric method was used to determine levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and adenosine deamimase (ADA).All members of HC group gave positive result for anti - HC IgG antibodies compared to 11 patients from cancer group and oneindividual from control group (Odds ratio =8.3). Both HC and cancer groups showed significantly higher p<0.05 levels of CA19 - 9, ALP, LDH and GGT ((76.16±58.26 U/ml and 110.77±96.47 U/ml), (131.81±76.65 U/L and 141.72±97.23 U/L), (244.24±117.94 U/L and 254.68± 115.56 U/L) and (95.06±66.73 U/L and 105.12± 41.42 U/L) respectively) than control group (10.81± 9.12 U/ml, 65.14± 25.21 U/L, 146.15± 37.59 U/L and 17.21± 6.87 U/L respectively). In cancer group, casp - 8 level (72.20±54.72 picomol/ L) was significantly lower from than that of control group (92.30± 41.20 picomol/L) and insignificantly from that of HC group (60.86±40.84 picomol/L). In HC group, ADA level was 47.84±10.65 U/L and was significantly higher p<0.05 than that of cancer group (10.14± 1.99 U/L) and control (16.09±2.70 U/L).Investigation for the risk factors which may increase the risk of developing liver or lung cancers in HC patients revealed that male, smokers and rural residents were more susceptible for such development (Odds ratios : 3.45, 6.982 and 5.48, respectively). Number and cyst size were significantly correlated with the level of anti - HC IgG antibodies (r= 0.539, P<0.001 and r= 0.618, P< 0.001 respectively), while calcified cysts associated with significantly higher levels p<0.05 of CA19 - 9 and GGT (105.03±88.9 U/ml and 145.46±101.57 U/L, respectively) than that of non - calcified cysts(65.91±39.87 U/ml and 77.17±7.23 U/L, respectively). Average level of anti - HC IgG antibobodies in calcified cysts was 19.75±13.11U/ml and was significantly P<0.05 lower than its counterpart of non - calcified cysts (85.017±76.84 U/ml). All studied parameters showed significantly higher levels in livers cysts than their counterparts in lung cysts. Results of the current study indicate that chronic infection with HC can increase the host susceptibility to develop liver or lung cancer.

تاثير الجسيمات النانوية للنحاس على بعض اعضاء الجهاز التكاثري الذكري للفئران البيض Mus musculus Effect of Copper Nanoparticles On Some Organs of Male Reproductive System In Albino Mice Mus Musculus

اسم المؤلف: ايمن راضي حبيب
اسم المشرف: محمد ناجي طه
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الفسلجة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study was conducted on 20 male of Swiss albino mice, where the main target of this study was to identify the influence of copper nanoparticles (Cu - NPs) on some organs of the male reproductive system. Animals were orally administered with 0.1 ml of 100 mg/kg Cu - NPs for 7, 14, 21 days. Then the animals were dissected in the next day after the end of the dosing period and took from them testes and epididymis (head and tail) to study the parameters in which these particles have affected, and this parameter as follows : 1 - Changes in the weights of each of the animals bodies, testes, tunica albuginea, and epididymis (heads and tails). 2 - Changes in sperm characteristics in testes and epididymis (head and tail), which included : the percentage of live sperms, abnormal sperms and sperm concentration. 3 - Changes in the percentages of the spermatogenic cells, which included : a - Spermatogonia. b - Primary & Secondary Spermatocytes. c - Spermatids. d - Sperms. 4 - Changes in numbers of leydig cells and nuclei diameters. 5 - Changes in diameters of seminiferous tubules and their lining wall thickness. 6 - Changes in thickness and height of epithelial cells in both the head and tail of the epididymis. 7 - Histopathological changes in testes and epididymis (head and tail). Phenotype description of testes from mice treated with copper nanoparticles for a period of 21 days occurrence of congestion and a few amount of fatty material around the testes. The results also revealed a decline in the average body weights on the period of 7 and 21 days of treatment when compared with the weight of the same animals before treatment and the decline was significantly at (P<0.05). Whereas the testes and tunica albuginea weights recorded a significant decrease in their average weights (P<0.05) when compared with control groups. As well as the epididymis weights where showed significantly decrease (P<0.05) in the average of the epididymides heads weights for all three periods of treatment, while a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the average weight of the epididymis tail appear for two periods 7 and 21 days compared with control groups. The study also reported a decrease in the percentage of live sperm and the average sperm concentration and an increase in the percentage of sperm abnormalities extended to all periods of treatment compared with control groups and this change was significant at the level of (P<0.05). The number of leydig cells and nuclei diameters, the results show a decrease in their averages and all the extended treatment period when compared with control groups, and this decrease was significantly at (P<0.05). Treatment with particles of copper nanoparticle indicated a decrease in the percentage of spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes and sperms in all periods of treatment compared with control groups and this decrease was significantly at the level of (P<0.05). While the results of the study revealed a significant increase at the level of (P<0.05) in the percentage of secondary spermatocytes and spermatids compared with the control animals. The study also showed a significant decrease at the level of (P<0.05) in the diameter of the seminiferous tubules of testes and the wall thickness of the seminiferous tubules for all periods of treatment compared with control groups. As well as a reduction in wall thickness and height of the epithelium in epididymis (head and tail) for all periods of treatment compared with control animals and this decline was significantly at (P<0.05). The current study also recorded a textile damage in the testes and epididymis (head and tail), which summarized the crash of some seminiferous tubules, degeneration of lining cells in tubule, the appearance of vacuole between cells and lifting epithelium from the basement membrane. On this basis, this study has shown for the first time that particles of copper nanoparticles have a negative impact on the effectiveness and activity of the male reproductive system in albino mice.

دراسة تشريحية مقارنة للاجزاء الخضرية وبعض الاجزاء التكاثرية لمراتب من العائلة القرعية Cucurbitaceae في العراق Comparative Anatomical Study of Vegetative And Some Reproductive Parts For Taxa of The Family Cucurbitaceae In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: باسمة محمد رضا كاظم العبيدي
اسم المشرف: عذية ناهي سلمان المشهداني
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - التشريح
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت الدراسة الحالية دراسة تشريحية مقارنة لتسعة مراتب من العائلة القرعية Cucurbitaceae المستزرعة والبرية والتي زرعت في الحديقة النباتية لكلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة ابن الهيثم والمراتب هي : 1 - Citrullus colocynthis Schrad2 - Citrullus vulgaris Schrad3 | The present study included comparative anatomical study for nine taxa of Cucurbitaceae family for cultivated and wild types, which were planted in the garden of College of Education for Pure Sciences/ Ibn Al - Haitham. These taxa included : Citrullus colocynthis Schrad, Citrullus vulgaris Schrad, Cucumis melo Linnaeus, Cucumis melo var.flexuosus Naudin, Cucumis sativus Linnaeus, Cucurbita maxima Duchesne, Cucurbita pepo Linnaeus, Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl, Luffa cylindrica (Linnaeus) M. Roem. This study focused on some the anatomical characterization as compared study for the first time to these taxa in Iraq. This study included the features of ordinary epidermal cells, leaves petioles, stems, pedicles and sepals of the studied taxa. The results found the appearance of stomata in the stems and petioles in straight line as adjacent planar shape to the epidermal cells and not scattered as found in the leaves, this result was seen for the first time in the current taxa. Furthermore, the stomata have been shown in pedicel and sepals in same type as the stomatal complexes in leaves. The importance of phenotypic variation for the length and types of eglandular trichomes and the presence or not of glandular trichomes were found to carry out the role of indumentum in the different isolated taxa. Additionally, this study included the examination of the cross sections of the roots and also exposed the constituent tissues of it, the variation in the thickness of epidermis, cortex, vascular cambium as well as the arrangement of phloem cells have an important role in the studied taxa. The cross sections of stems, leaves petioles and pedicles showed shape and studied a significant role in the studied taxa and split them into groups.Moreover, this study concluded that the following of above sections from the outside into the inside has an important role to find out their constituent tissue. Thus the results of the study clarified the importance of epidermis tissue through the explanation of the outer and inner tangential walls of their cells and the variation in their dimensions, thickness and kind of stomatal complexes; therefore it has been given the importance of those features in the studied taxa in this study. Cortex tissue showed an extension of angular collenchyma and chloronechyma from stem to pedicel and have shown variation in the thickness in these two layers which was useful in the classification of studied taxa. Vascular tissues differed in the shape of vascular bundle, the number of rows and xylem units and the arrangement of the internal phloem, and all of those characteristics have helped in the studied taxa. In addition, the vascular tissues helped to find their arranged in the stems and found as vascular cylinder shape, while in the petioles and pedicel shown as vascular ribbons were which took the shape of sections petioles and pedicel. The medullar cells and medullary rays have been studied and also their similarity in the morphological characterization and function. Moreover, the anatomical features of the vertical sections of the laminae of leaves in mesophyll tissue have been examined, in the thickness of palaside and spongy layers in midrib, the variation in number and arrangement of vascular bundles have an important role in the studied taxa. In the current study, the ordinary and petal leaves venation and the type of venation have been studied in the studied taxa. Moreover the vertical sections for sepals were examined and also their similarity with laminae of leaves which was useful for studying the constituent tissues of some parts such as pedicel and sepals and anatomical features; and all of the studied characterization helped to study the vegetative parts through following them in studied taxa.

دراسة فعالية المشتت الحيوي السطحي المستخلص من بكتريا Bifidobacterium spp في تثبيط الغشاء الحيوي للمسببات المرضية المعزولة من مرضى القسطرة القلبية وتاثيره في عملية البلعمة Study of The Effectiveness of Biosurfactant Extracted From Bacteria Bifidobacterium Spp. In The Inhibition of Biofilm of Pathogens Isolated From Cardiac Catheterization Patients And Its Effect In Phagocytosis

اسم المؤلف: بتول شاكر عبد المجلاوي
اسم المشرف: هيام عبد الرضا كريم العواد علي رحيم حنظل الهامل
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة كربلاء - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: كربلاء
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study was conducted in order to assess the effect of Biosurfactant extracted from bacteria Bifidobacterium spp in the inhibition of Biofilm produced by pathogenesis bacterial isolated from patients with during cardiac catheterization, This study getting 89 patients with cardiac catheterization unit in AL - Imam AL - Hussain Teaching Hospital from both genders of different ages ranged between (29 - 75) years, starting from (January 2014 and to the end of July 2014). The samples taken from atherosclerosis patients were cultured for all types of cardiac catheterization by three tests Swabs, catheter tip culture and blood culture sample before and after a catheter for the purpose of isolating pathogens that component of the biofilm of patients with atherosclerosis. The results of the current study showed that patients with diagnostic cardiac catheterization rate of 66 (74.16%) patients were given 15 (60%), 15 (60%), 14 (58.33%) and 15 (62.5%) bacterial growth, respectively. But patients with therapeutic cardiac catheterization of 15 (16.85%) patients were given 6 (24%), 6 (24%), 6 (25%) and 6 (25%) bacterial growth respectively, and diagnostic and therapeutic cardiac catheterization for together 8 (8.99 %) patients were given 4 (16%) 0.4 (16%), 4 (14.67%) and 3 (12.5%), bacterial growth, respectively. The results showed sensitivity and specificity values for swabs test 96%, 100%. while the catheter tip culture was 96% and 100% respectively, and blood culture was 100 and 98%, respectively, it became clear from the results after the sample cultivations on the enrichment and differential media that 89 patients (sample joint) gave 25 (28.08%) positive sample for bacterial cultivation, and two of them showed two types of bacteria to become 27 isolated bacterial, isolates were diagnosed 11 (70.74%) gram positive, 15 (55.56%) gram negative , one isolate only of the yeasts 1 (3.70%), and 64 (71.91%) did not give any growth. Ability of pathological isolates were tested for the production of Biofilm by using three different methods, tube method TM, Congo Red Agar CRA, microtiter plate M TP were given 25 (92.6%), 16 (58.26%) and 26 (96.29%) the isolate of producing biofilm by different quantities respectively. The results of the investigation of formation biofilm test showed that MTP has 100% sensitivity and 96% specificity, the TM sensitivity was 96% and 100% specificity and CRA was sensitivity of 61.5% and 100% specificity. One hundred and fifteen samples were collected from of local and imported dairy products 45 (39.13%), breast milk 32 (27.83%) and cows milk, 38 (33.04%) were obtained at 22 (19.13%) positive sample of Bifidobacterium bacteria after morphological, microscopic and biochemical diagnosis tests and comparing these isolates with standard isolates. Oil Spreding Techingue and blood Hemolysis was performed to investigate the capability Bifidobacterium on the production biosurfactant, the efficiency antithesis test was studied of liquid bacterial farm for Bifidobacterium bacteria against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae , and Serratia marcescens was diameters of inhibition zones (24.25, 21, 24, 22, 23) mm respectively. The inhibitory effectiveness was Studied for filtrate against bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis, S.aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, P.aeruginosa, Enterobacter Cloacae and Serratia mercescens, where the E.coli bacteria was more effective and P.aeruginosa less effective by the bacterial filtrate. The study included the effect of three concentrations of biosurfactant against bacteria test group, and the diameters of inhibition rates of inhibition areas to concentrations 50% as follows (33.34, 30.34, 32.30, 33.32) mm respectively. The diameters rates of zones of inhibition for the concentration of 25% was as follows (30.32, 27.32, 31.28, 31.5, 29) mm respectively, and zones inhibition rates of concentration of 12.5% as follows (28.29, 24.30, 26.26, 28.26) mm respectively, statistically significant differences at the significance level of P <0.01inhibition in rates depending on the type of user concentration and statistically significant differences between the types of bacteria in their affected by biosurfactant. also determine the values of (MIC) Minimum Inhibitory Concentraction, (SubMIC) Sub Minimum Inhibitory Concentraction and (MBC) Minimum Bactericidal Concentraction, the value of MIC 6.25 mg / ml, Sub MIC 3.12 mg / ml and MBC 12.5 mg / ml of the bacteria E.coli, K. pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, and the value of MIC amounted to 12.5 mg / ml, Sub MIC 6.25 mg / ml and MBC 25 mg / ml of bacteria S.aureus, S.epidermidis, P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa and Serratia mercescens. The susceptibility of biosurfactant was studied to inhibit biofilm bacteria by MTP method The results showed a significant decrease in the formation of biofilm after the addition of biosurfactant compared with the biofilm before adding biosurfactant where the decreased rate reached 96%. Effect of biosurfactant test was performed on the efficiency of phagocytosis in vitro the percentage of phagocytosis reached 40.9% of the control group 64.8% of the experimental group. Concluded that the biosurfactant has a clear inhibitory efficacy against pathogens isolated from patients with cardiac catheterization and inhibition of biofilm for pathogens as well as raising the efficiency of the process of phagocytosis in vitro

التحري عن الاميبا الحالة للنسج/ الاميبا المتغايرة Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar في عينات البراز للمرضى با ستعمال تقنية PCR Detection of Entamoeba Histolytic /Entamoeba Dispar In Stool Specimens By Using PCR Technique

اسم المؤلف: بثينة عبد الحمزة حسون الزبيدي
اسم المشرف: اخلاص مشرف عيدان
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية - الطفيليات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تسلط الدراسة الحالية الضوء على تشخيص وتحديد نسبة الاصابة بطفيلي الاميبا المرضية المتمثلة بالاميبا الحالة للنسج Entamoeba histolytica وتمييزها عن الاميبا غير المرضية المتمثلة بالاميبا المتغايرة Entamoeba dispar اللتين تتمايزان بشكلهما المتماثل في كلا الطور | This study sheds light on the determination and diagnose of the percentage of infection of like Entamoeba histolytica and differentiate it from the non pathogenic Entamoeba dispar that were morphologically identical in both cysts and trophozoite phase in two different groups : the first group includes 50 stool samples of patients suffering from diarrhea and abdominal pain (symptomatic group) while the second group includes 95 stool samples of patients not suffering from diarrhea and abdominal pain (Asymptomatic group).In addition to that, 20 stool samples were collected from healthy individuals as a control these samples were collected patients of AL - Zafaranyia General Hospital and AL - Alwyia Childhood Teaching Hospital in Baghdad from July, 2011 to May, 2012.These samples belong to different ages (1 year - < 50 years) of different sexes (males and females). Entamoeba samples were diagnosed by using two methods : the first one is the wet mount as a General Stool Examination(GSE) after macroscopic examination for sample and classifying them according to their consistency (solid, semisolid and liquid) and color (brown and yellow) and presence of blood and mucous in addition to diagnosing them microscopically to detect the presence of pus cells and both phases trophozoite and cyst for Entamoeba histolytica.While the second method that was depended in diagnosis is duplex polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) by using two pairs of genes for detection of their amplification in DNA sample isolated from stool. The first pair is cystein proteinase which represents one of virulent factors in Entamoeba histolytica parasite as a tissue invader. The second pair encodes the surface antigen present on the surfaces of both parasites E. histolytica and E. dispar. It is represented by Actin gene (Act). The results of the wet mount showed that in percentage of infection of both species (E.histolytica/E.dispar) the (54%) of patient symptom and (34.37%) patient a symptom.While results of the specificity and sensitivity showed that in positive sample wet mount negative PCR while negative sample wet mount showed that positive PCR and higher percentage of infection the Entamoeba dispar. While the results of the dPCR showed that in spite of the presence of both species Entamoeba pathogenic (Entamoeba histolytica) and non pathogenic Entamoeba (Entamoeba dispar) , the percentage of infection of Entamoeba histolytica was lower than that of Entamoeba dispar. This was clear by the detection of amplification the Reaction producets (dPCR) by using both genes : Actin &Ehcp5 where only 8 samples were detected and they were found to be positive amplification Ehcp5 and 31 samples were positive amplification in both groups of patients (symptomatic and a symptomatic). The percentage of infection in females was higher than that in males for all ages when using both tests (wet mount & PCR). More over the patients with less than (10) years old had higher percentage of infection in both sexes.In conclusion, it should not be depended on direct wet mount technique for the identification of infected parasite Entamoeba histolytica and differentiating it from Entamoeba dispar because of their high homology. That the molecular examination is the only method that is able to determine the kind of infection with parasite Entamoeba

اثر بعض المستخلصات النباتية في سمية مبيد الديازينون ضد يرقات وكاملات خنفساء الطحين الصدئية الحمراء Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) The Effect of Some of Extracts of The Plants With Disinfectant Against The Larva And Pillars of Red Flour Beetles Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst)

اسم المؤلف: توركان احمد حمد حسن
اسم المشرف: برهان مصطفى محمد الدليمي عواد شعبان داود الناصري
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اشتملت الدراسة الحالية على دراسة التاثير السمي للمستخلص الايثانولي والمائي لثلاثة نباتات وهي : الزعتر Thymus vugarisوالشيح Artemisia herba alba والنعناع البستاني mentha piperita اذ استخدمت مستخلصات الاوراق لكل نبات واختبرت سبعة تراكيز لكل مستخلص (10000,

تاثير اشعة الفا على التصاقية بعض انواع البكتريا Study The Effect of The Alpha Ray On The Adhesion Some Type of Bacteria

اسم المؤلف: فردوس غضبان كاظم
اسم المشرف: زياد متعب الخزاعي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية - البكتريا
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية جمع 37 مسحة من المرضى المصابين باخماج العيون في مدينة الديوانية ومن كلا الجنسين حيث تضمنت الدراسة سيادة نوعين من المسببات البكتيرية لاصابات العيون ودراسة قابلية التصاق هذه البكتريا على العدسات اللاصقة وهي المكورات العنقوديـــــــــــ | The current study included (37) samples were collected from sicks of Eyes infection in Al - Diwaniya city from two kinds that the study included two type dominant of Bacteria causes for Eyes infection and study this Bacteria adhesion ability on the Lenses, that the Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa as well as the impact of exposure to (Radiology Alpha and Gamma rays) on adhesion ability, As well as the search included the application of a mathematical model to adhesion formula. The current study results are showed the Staphylococcus aureus for percent (45.94)% and then the Pseudomonas aeruginosa for percent (32.43)%. The results were obtained being clear impact of irradiation on Bacteria adhesion ability to Lenses. The results were obtained the higher level adhesion reaching its, the Staphylococcus aureus in the natural case to (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×292) that in three hours whereas the Alpha ray exposure more than adhesion level that range six hours to (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×302) and when the Gamma ray exposure the higher adhesion level reaching that range (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×233) during exposure period that reach to four and half hour. About the Pseudomonas aeruginosa the adhesion higher level in the natural case to (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×204) during two hours and half hour whereas when exposure its, to Alpha ray that reaching to higher level adhesion range (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×298) during six hours as well as when exposure to Gamma ray the higher level adhesion reaching range (cfu/mm2 10 - 6×250) during four and half hour. Application the mathematical adhesion sample, the result obtained that the disengagement coefficient, the valuable impact its, so that the valuable increased as well as temporal to be late in approach stage of zero who mathematically certain the lenses importance that the important dangerous effective for Eye infection distribution. As well as the results were certain the Alpha and Gamma rays were irradiation, that have impact of where decreasing the adhesion bacteria numbers for lenses, that decreasing from Eyes infection

تاثير المستخلص الكحولي لاوراق نبات ذيل العقرب Heliotropium europium وفيتامينC في بعض الجوانب الفسلجية والكيموحيوية لذكور الجرذان المعرضة للكرب التاكسدي Effect of Heliotropium Europium Leaves Alcoholic Extract And Vitamin C in Some Physiological And Biochemical Parameters of Male Rats Exposed To Oxidative Stress

اسم المؤلف: صفا احمد عبد القادر محمد دنيدل
اسم المشرف: صاحب جمعة عبد الرحمن عويد هيدان الخزرجي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى معرفة تاثير المستخلص الكحولي لنبات ذيل العقرب Heliotropium europium في وزن الجسم وعدد من المتغيرات الفسلجية والكيموحيوية كتركيز الهيموكلوبينHaemoglobin (Hb) وحجم كريات الدم المرصوصةPacked cell volume (PCV) والعدد الكلي لخلايا الدم | The aim of the present study was to investigate some effects of the alcoholic extract of Heliotropium europium in body weight and some of physiological and biochemical parameter such as concentrations of Hemoglobin (Hb), Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and the total count of leukocytes (WBCs) and concentrations glutathione (GSH), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Peroxynitrite radical (ONOO - ) , Superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD), glucose, Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High density lipoprotein (HDL - C), Low density lipoprotein (LDL - C), Very Low density lipoprotein (VLDL - C), Atherogenic indices levels, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Urea and Uric acid in serum and histological changes in liver of male rats that exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide H2O2(0.5%) with drinking water for (30) days, and comparison these effects with the effects of the vitamin C as well known antioxidants(250 mg/kg of body weight), for the purpose of this study preliminary experiments were carried out to find the most effective does of plant extracts and it was found that this does was (300 mg/ kg) body weight.The study included(35) male albino rats, (4 - 6) months ages and(245 - 280)gm weight were divided to (7) groups both group with (5) rats as follows : Control group, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) group, Heliotropium extract group, H2O2+ Heliotropium extract group, Heliotropium extract + vitamin C group, H2O2+ Vitamin C group, H2O2+extract of Heliotropium+ vitamin C group.The results showed : 1. The animal under oxidative stress by hydrogen peroxide caused a significant decrease (p? 0.05) in body weights and values of Hb , PCV, GSH, activity of SOD enzyme, HDL - C, total protein, albumin, globulin and compared with the control group. While it caused a significant increase in WBCs, MDA, ONOO. - , glucose, cholesterol, TG, LDL - C, VLDL - C, Atherogenic indices levels(I, II, III) and urea compared with the control group.2. The treatment of animals exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide with extract of Heliotropium europium showed significant increase in the weights of animals, Hb, PCV, GSH, activity of SOD enzyme, HDL - C, total protein, albumin and globulin compared with a hydrogen peroxide group. While this treatment showed significant decrease in WBCs, MDA, ONOO. - , glucose, cholesterol, TG, LDL - C, VLDL - C, Atherogenic indices levels (I, II, III), and urea when compared with a hydrogen peroxide group.3. Compared with a hydrogen peroxide treatment of rats exposed to oxidative stress by hydrogen peroxide with vitamin C, extract of plant and vitamin C with hydrogen peroxide group showed the results were similar to the results of treatment plant extract with hydrogen peroxide group.4. The treatment plant alcoholic extract and vitamin C showed a significant increase in the level GSH, MDA, activity of SOD enzyme, HDL - C, globulin compared with the control group. And showed a significant decrease in animal weights, WBCs, ONOO. - , LDL - C, VLDL - C and urea compared with a hydrogen peroxide group. While not shown significant differences in the values of Hb, PCV, glucose, cholesterol, TG, Atherogenic indices levels total protein and uric acid compared with the control group.5. The treatment alcoholic plant extract group showed increase in the weights of animals and values Hb, PCV, WBCs, GSH, MDA, Triglyceride, VLDL - C, Atherogenic indices levels, globulin and urea compared with the control group. Showed significant decrease in the HDL - C and albumin compared to the control group. while did not show significant difference in ONOO. - , activity SOD enzyme, glucose, cholesterol, total protein and uric acid compared the control group.6. The most important histological changes that have occurred in this study have showed treatment hydrogen peroxide compared with a control to swelling hepatocytes with necrosis each and the small size of the nuclei with swelling sinusoid, and the treatment of animals exposed to oxidative stress plant extract has showed a lack of clarity within the cells in hepatocytes necrosis and swelling sinusoid compared with a hydrogen peroxide while the treatment of animals exposed to oxidative stress with vitamin C showed sinusoid constriction and showed treatment alcoholic plant extract and vitamin C for the animals exposed to oxidative stress loss nucleus cells with the difficulty of distinguishing sinusoid.

تاثير الاشعة فوق البنفسجية Ultraviolet (UV) على بعض المعايير التكاثرية (معامل الانقسام للحيامن والتشوهات في رؤوس النطف) في الجرذان البيض Effect of Ultraviolet On Some Reproduction Parameters (Mitotic Index of Sperms And Head Sperms Aberration)

اسم المؤلف: قيس هادي لايذ الكرعاوي
اسم المشرف: حسين خضير الميالي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الفسلجة
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: قسمت 20 جرذ ابيض من الضرب Balb/C الى اربع مجاميع بعد تشعيعها (تشعيع الجسم كله) بفترات تعريض للاشعة فوق البنفسجية Ultraviolet لمدة (0 و20 و30 و60) دقيقة، ثم شرحت بعد 7 ايام من التعرض للاشعاع وتم حساب معامل انقسام mitotic index الخلايا الجنسية بالاضافة الى | Twenty white rats (Balb / C) have been divided into four groups after their exposure to ultraviolet ray for the following time periods (0, 20, 30, 60) minutes. Then the autopsy has been performed after 7 days of (UV) exposure and the mitotic index of sexual cell division has been counted. as well as the Head sperms aberration. The results of the study showed the following : 1 - Decrease in the mitotic index for the sexual cell. This decrease is directly proportional with the duration of exposure to radiation.2 - A slight increase in the percentage of the Head sperms aberration between (T 20) in comparison with the control group which is not exposed to radiation (T 0).3 - The increase in percentage of the Head sperms aberration is due to the (UV) and this abnormalities are directly proportional with the length of the exposure period as (T 30, T 60).

تاثير مستخلص الثوم والرمان على الجرذان المصابة تجريبيا بطفيلي Cryptosporidium parvum ومقارنتها مع عقار Metranidazole Effect Extract Allium Sativum And Punica Grantium On White Rat Expermental Infection Cryptosporidium Parvum And Comper With Metranidazole

اسم المؤلف: سرى رزاق خضير عبادة
اسم المشرف: نجم عبد الواحد عبد الخضر الجدوع
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية - الطفيليات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
النص الكامل من المصدر: https://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%89-ilovepdf-compressed.pdf
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: جمعت عينات البراز من الاطفال في مستشفى النسائية والاطفال كذلك جمعت من العجول المصابة حيث اجري فحص العينات بصبغة الزيل نلسن ثم عزلت ونقيت الاكياس بطريقة التطويف بمحلول شيذر السكري وجرعت 2103xكيس بيض لكل جرذ بانبوبة التجريع الفموي وسجلت المدة قبل البائنة من | Collects stool samples from children in the women's and pediatric hospital. also collects all those from infected calves, where he conducts testing samples dye Zail Nelson then isolated and scrubbed bags manner floation solution Shidhir diabetes and gived rat 2 x103 bag eggs per rat tube dosage oral and recorded for the period before dowry of 3 - 5 days as recorded wounding 100%. The result is the appointment of the lethal dose of moderation LD50 of aqueous extracts of the garlic, peel the pomegranate after giving the rats doses graded by the mouth and the results indicate that the dose 7500 mg / kg of body weight is the lethal dose of aqueous extracts of garlic bulbs and dose limits of 5250 mg / kg is the lethal dose to peel pomegranate then tretment using cold aqueous extract to plant garlic. Allium satvuim L. peel and pomegranate Punica granantum L and drug Metronidazole (Flagyl) concentration of 250, 500, 750 mg / kg, the results shows the effectiveness of the current study, the aqueous extracts in the treatment of the parasites it turns out that the time required to kill the parasite suit inversely with the increasing concentration of extracts also show the efficiency of the aqueous extract of garlic bulbs and metronidazole concentration of 750 mg / kg in the treatment of 100% after 13 days of treatment with stops put bags of egg either concentration of 500 mg / kg of aqueous extracts garlic bulbs and metronidazole has shown the efficiency of treatment of by 100 % after 15 days of treatment showed, while the aqueous extract of pomegranate peel concentration 750 mg/kg therapeutic efficiency of 98.41% after 15 days of treatment, while the control group continued to launch until after the egg sacks (15) of treatment. The study shows histopathological section on the small intestine (duodenam, ileum, jejunum) Rats infection parasite get pathological changes represented by the crash of the villi of the small intestine and change epithelium from the vertical to the cube and the adhesion of some of the villi and gatherings of inflammatory cells in layer plate fitted, as well as for necrosis and desquamation of the cells lining the villi also destroyed gland and appeared egg sacks in the intestine result use 2x103 frome egg sacks also appeared effective abstract aqueous garlic in the intestinal tissue to restore its natural form after 15 day use concentration 750 mg/kg of aqueous extract of garlic bulbs and metronidazole while have taken normal sat to tissue treaement with aqueous pomegranate peel long than 15 day. test the effectiveness of aqueous extracts cold of garlic bulbs. Alluium sativum L. and peel pomegranate Punica granantum L in treatment parasite spores Cryptosporidum parvum and compared with the treatment of Metronidazole (Flagyl) in laboratory rats. Conducted on plant extracts cold of garlic and pomagranite the chemical tests have shown the presence of active substances of both alkaloids, carbohydrates, Flavonides, Alglycosidat, Alsaponyat, Alresins, phenolies

تاثير بعض العوامل البيئية والمايكروبايولوجية في تنقية مياه الشرب لمحطة المجمع السكني في قضاء الدور - محافظة صلاح الدين Effect of Some Ecological And Microbiological Factors on Drinking Water Purification Plants in Al - Mugama Al - Sakany in Al - Dour City - Salahaldin

اسم المؤلف: فخر الدين نور الدين رشيد الخفاف
اسم المشرف: حميد سلمان خميس المهداوي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: البيئة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • البيئة المائية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة جمع عينات شهرية من مياه نهر دجلة ومحطة مياه الشرب العائدة للمجمع السكني في الدور اخذت العينات من خمس محطات مختارة ابتداء من شهر تشرين الثاني 2007 ولغاية شهر تشرين الاول 2008 لغرض دراسة بعض العوامل الكيمياوية والفيزياوية والبايولوجية السائدة | This study was included collecting of monthly water samples from Tigris river and water purification plant in AL - Mugama AL - Sakany in AL - Dour, These samples were collected from five chosen locations, started from November 2007 until October 2008, To Study The dominance of some chemical, physical and Biological factors Through the year its effects on water purification plants in AL - Mugama AL - Sakany in AL - Dour. These factors included air and water temperature, Turbidity, Electrical conductivity, pH, dissolved Oxygen, BOD, Total alkalinity, Total hardness, Calcium and Magnesium hardness , Chloride reactive nitrite, nitrate phosphate and salinity as well as some Biological factors such as Total number of bacteria and diatoms during the study period. The results of this study shown that there was a seasonal variation in some chemical and physical factors. where the value of air temperature ranged between (3.5 - 40) C and water temperature ranged between (3.4 - 32.5) C.Turbidity value ranged from (2.2 - 22.94) NTU while electrical conductivity ranged between (320 - 590) µs / cm. The results also showed that the water in Tigris river was alkaline, where the pH value ranged between (7.08 - 7.98). and aeration. The avarices value of dissolved oxygen ranged between (3.5 - 10.2) mg/L and The BOD value never increase to critical value, its ranged between (1.58 - 2.37) mg /L salinity ranged between (0.110 - 0.305) mg/L while chloride concentration ranged between (21.78 - 23.82) mg / L. It has been found that total hardness ranged between (170 - 370) mg/L while total alkalinity for the five station ranged between (124.1 - 137.8) mg No2/ L while Micronutrients ranged from (0.388 - 0.449) mg / L and the value of nitrate ranged between (ND - 0. 598) mg No2/ L and (0. 65 - 122) mg Po4 / L. In General where we compare the monthly average for physical and chemical variation for Tigris water with standard world limits applied for grouping of surface water, we can consider the quality of Tigris water is good and suitable for uses as a source for drinking water by using traditional purification of water.While the results of study of Biological factors showed that the total number of bacteria for Tigris water was modularity clear and unsafe for drinking with out treatment include sterilization. High number of bacteria was found in station (1) during February 2008 when it reached (284) cell / ml and the lowest average recorded in station (5) at December 2007 when its reached (50) cell/ml. This study also shown that high number of diatoms were recorded in station (1) when its reached (46860) cell/L at December 2007 and the lowest number recorded in station (5) when it reached (236) cell / L at November 2007. It has been identifies (11) genus and sp. of diatom in this stations and there were :

تحديد مقاومة بعض الجراثيم المعزولة من اخماج في مستشفى تكريت التعليمي للمضادات الحيوية وعلاقتها بالبلازميدات Determination The Antibiotic Resistance of The Some Isolated Bacteria From Tikrit Teaching Hospital Infections And Their Relationship With Plasmids

اسم المؤلف: شيماء عبد محمد علي
اسم المشرف: وعد محمود رؤوف خالد عمر محمد علي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: جمعت (140) عينة من المرضى الراقدين لثلاثة ايام فاكثر في مستشفى تكريت التعليمي للمدة من 1 - 8 - 2009 ولغاية 1 - 12 - 2009 بهدف تحديد العزلات الجرثومية الاكثر شيوعا ضمن اخماج مستشفى تكريت التعليمي ومقاومة هذه العزلات للمضادات الحيوية ودراسة العلاقة بين مقاو | One hundred fourti samples were collected from hospitalized patients for three days or more in the Tikrit Teaching Hospital during the period from 1/8/2009 until 1/12/2009 to determine the most commonly isolated bacterial from nosocomial infections in Tikrit Teaching Hospital and their resistance to antibiotics and to study the relationship between antibiotics resistance and plasmid content in the most commonly isolated bacteria and to evaluate the prevalence of these plasmids in the hospital environment. These samples include : (75) Urine, (28) stool, (28) of wound swabs and (9) sputum samples.The incidence of nosocomial infection was (45.7%) of them, urinary tract infections were (50.7%) from (75) samples, followed by wound infections (42.9%) from (28) samples, gastrointestinal infections (39.3%) from (28) samples then pneumonia (33.3%) from (9) samples the nosocomial infections were more common in females and age group 51 - 89 years. Different bacterial species were isolated in this study and the results showed that the most commonly isolated type was Citrobacter koseri in a proporation (21%) of urinary tract infections, followed by the following bacterial species : Escherichia coli (15.7%), Staphylococcus schleiferi (10.5%) , Staphylococcus epidermidis (7, 8%), Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus saprophytica, Klebsiella ozaenae, Klebsiella ornithindytica in aproportion (5.2%) for each, Enterobacter aerogenes, Providencia stuartii, Staphylococcus warneri, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis in aproportion (2.6%) for each.Citro. koseri were also the most common in wound infections (25%), followed by the following bacterial species : E.coli (16.6%), P.mirabilis (16.6%), Staph.schleiferi, P.vulgaris, Prov.stuartii and Prov.rettgeri in aproportion (8.3%) for each. Citro.koseri were also the most common in the gastrointestinal tract infections in a proporation (36.3%), followed by E.coli (18.1%), S.flexneri (18.1%), P.mirabilisc, Prov.stuartii, Prov.alcalifaciens in a proporation (9%) for each. . While Strept.pneumoniae was the most common(66.7%) in penemonia cases followed by K.pneumoniae (33.3%).The isolated bacteria were tested for antibiotics susceptibility and it has been found that most of these isolates showed high resistance to the studied antibiotics other than Prov. Stuartti was sensitive to all antibiotics except of Rifampicin and Tetracycline. As well as bacterial species belonging to the genus Staphylococcus were sensitive to Amikacin, Staph.aureus was also sensitive to Nitrofurantoin while Staph.warneri was also sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and Nitrofurantoin also Enterobacter aerogenes was resistant to all antibiotics except for Ciprofloxacin and Nitrofuratoin. Eleven of most commonly isolated bacteria which were multidrug resistant were chosen for the curing experiments using SDS to study the relationship of their plasmids with resistant to antibiotics. The results showed that the cured cells of E.coli lost their resistance to Tetracycline Ciprofloxacin and Cefotaxime which Citro.koseri lost their resistance to Tetracycline while K. ornithinolytica lost resistance to both antibiotics Tetracycline and Ciprofloxacin either P.mirabilis lost resistance only to tetracyclin as well as Strept.pneumoniae lost their resistance to Cefotaxime, tracycline and Ampicillin. Which may mean that the genes responsible for resistance to these antibiotics are located on plasmids as proven by the results of electrophoresis.Electrophoresis results also showed that all studied bacterial isolates had the same plasmid profile which may regarded as an epidemiological pointer that plasmids are conjugative which have the ability to transfer antibiotic resistance to other bacterial strains of the same species or to other different bacterial species.

تقييم بعض المؤشرات المـناعية للتفاعلات الالتهابيـة المتـرافقـة مـع الاصابة بطفيلي الاكياس المائية Evaluation of Some Immunological Parameters Associated With Echinococcus Grunulosus Infection

اسم المؤلف: حارث برع حسن علي الاوسي
اسم المشرف: نغم ياسين كاظم البياتي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الحياة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية في محافظة ديالى وشملت الدراسة 184 عينة من الاشخاص الاكثر تعرضا للاصابة بمرض الاكياس المائية. وبعد الكشف تبين ان 16 منهم تاكدت اصابتهم بالاكياس المائية في كل من الكبد والرئتين (12, 4 مريضا على التوالي) وقد تم تسجيل بعض المعلومات من كل | The present study was carried out in Diyala province, and included 184 samples at risk of infection with hydatid cysts. The diagnosis obtained that there were 16 infectied individual with hydatid cysts in liver and lung (12, 4 patients, respectively). Some information were recorded for each individuals. The study included 24 healthy individuals as control. Immunological test was carried out for each group. The results obtained that the rate of infection was higher in female (4.9%) compared with male (3.8%). The highest rate of infection was in 31 - 40 and 41 - 50 age groups and there was no significant difference among age groups. According to occupation there was no significant difference and the student shepherds were not infected with hydatid cyst. When investigation of risk factor, the result showed that (3.26%) of infected individuals were contact with animals while those who eat vegetables were higher (5.43%). The liver was the first infected organ according to distribution of infection in body follow by lung with 75% and 25% respectively and there was no significant difference. According to cytokines, IL - 4, IL - 17A, MIP - 1?, IP - 10, the study were higher in infected individuals compared with non infected and there was significant difference at 0.001 p.value. There was no significant difference in means of IL - 4 and MIP - 1? in both sexes but there was significant difference in IL - 17A and IP - 10 between males and females. The study showed that there was significant difference in IL - 4 according to location of infection and it was higher in lung compared with liver. No significant difference in IL - 17A, MIP - 1?, IP - 10 was shown according to location of infection

تقييم نوعية مياه نهر الفرات (بين مدينتي الكفل والشنافية) وسط العراق Assessment of Water Quality of Euphrates River (Between The Cities of Al - Kifl And Al - Shinafiyah) Iraq

اسم المؤلف: دنيا باهل جدعان صلال الغانمي
اسم المشرف: حسين يوسف خلف الركابي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: البيئة المائية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية على جزء من بيئة نهر الفرات الممتد بين مدينتي الكفل والشنافية لمدة عام تقويمي من ايار 2013 ولغاية نيسان 2014 واختيرت اربعة مواقع مختلفة وموزعة على منطقة الدراسة شملت ثلاث محافظات هي : بابل - النجف - القادسية (الفرات الاوسط - العراق)، | The current study has applied on the Euphrates River for a full year from May 2013 until April 2014. Four sites selected along the river whithin three provinces; Babylon, Najaf, Al - Qadisiyah. Assessment of water quality done by using Canadian Council of Ministers of Environment (CCME) and Index of Biological Integrity (IBI) for the purpose of determining the validity and quality of its water for the General purpose and for Drinking and Irrigation.The physicochemical properties and biological (Phytoplankton) were studied during the study period. These properties were; temperature of the air and water, light penetration, electrical conductivity, salinity, turbidity, water current speed, total suspended and dissolved solids, dissolved oxygen, biochemical oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, carbon dioxide, total alkalinity, acidity, total hardness and ions of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and the sodium adsorption ratio, chlorides, sulfates, boron, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, silica and some heavy metals such as cadmium, lead, zinc, copper, chromium, manganese in both phases : dissolved and particulate. results showed that the values of the physical and chemical factors ranged as follows : (7 - 47) C, (10 - 31) C, (14 - 177.5) cm, (1020 - 5600) µs/cm, (0.65 - 3.46) 0%, (0.07 - 129) NTU, (27.03 - 115.57) cm/s, (591 - 2985) mg/L and (0.001 - 0.128) mg/L, (7.04 - 8.8), (6 - 11.8) mg/L, (0.13 - 6.6) mg/L, (8.2 - 53) mg/L, (81.4 - 198) mg/L, (30 - 200) mg/L, (6 - 46) mg/L, (490 - 929.67) mg/L, (83.37 - 290.18) mg/L, (0.79 - 174.84) mg/L, (92.5 - 713) mg/L, (1.9 - 11.18) meq/L, (6 - 133) mg/L, (97.97 - 861.73) mg/L, (329 - 1040) mg/L (0.01 - 4.23) mg/L, (0.008 - 1.33) µg/l, (2.16 - 44.74) µg/L, (0.012 - 0.59) µg/L and (104 - 514) µg/L respectively.Concerning the heavy elements, the values of dissolved cadmium ranged between (undetectable - 0.075 mg/L) and it's particulate between (0.0043 - 0.2705) mg /L and dissolved lead between (undetectable - 0.0232 mg /L) and it's particulate between (0.0045 - 0.148) mg/L and dissolved zinc between (un - detectable - 0.0168 mg/L) and it's particulate between (0.0115 - 0.316 mg/L) and dissolved copper (undetectable - 0.0273 mg/L) and copper is particulate between (0.0062 - 0.063 mg /L) and dissolved chromium between (undetectable - 0.0193 mg/L) and the chromium is particulate between (0.0043 - 0.0449) mg/L and dissolved manganese (undetectable - 0.0256) mg/L and it's particulate between (0.0085 - 0.0739) mg/L.The biological tests include Qualitative and Quantitative Study on phytoplankton and also included calculating the total number of coliform way casting dishes by using the MacConkey Agar media.The number of diagnosed species of Phytoplankton was 295 species, belonging to 74 genera. The Diatoms Bacillariophyceae won the biggest part of it as it formed 160 species and 35 genera any rate (54.24%), followed by green algae (70 species belonging to 24 genera) and green algae (52 species belonging to 11 genera) then Euglenophyceae (10 species belonging to both sexes), while golden brown algae and algae Pyrrophyceae were less algal groups registered as belonging to the two single - sex. Some types of phytoplankton existed in most of the duration of the study, including Bacillaria paxillifera, Cocconies placentula, Cyclotella meneghiniana, Diatoma elongatum, Fragilaria virescence, Melosira ambigua, Synedra acus.The total number of phytoplankton is estimated between (104.9 - 4460.09) cell × 103/liter. An increase in the number of phytoplankton in July and January was observed clearly. The concentrations of chlorophyll - a were ranged between (0.0693 - 9.78 mg /L). While the total number of results for coliform were (5 - 281 × 103) cells/liter, The water quality of the evidence Account (Canadian model) using a number of physical, chemical and Biological properties. The results showed that the waters of the Euphrates are located within categories (Poor - Good) with respect to the public evidence of the quality of water of this river while it was located within categories (Poor - Acceptable) with respect to their use for drinking, While its use for irrigation purposes, it was clear that run river water data fall into two categories (Poor - Good). The results of the analysis of the main components Principal component Analysis (PCA) indicate that the nitrates and the total number of coliform and dissolved oxygen, phosphate, zinc, lead and Biological oxygen demand and pH are the biggest impact on the water quality of the index values of the variables of general purpose.These factors are responsible for the deviation index values, followed by turbidity and total hardness and electrical conductivity and temperature of the water, copper, chromium, and cadmium heat. But with the biggest impact of the index water quality factors for drinking purposes are chloride and electrical conductivity and total hardness, magnesium, turbidity and basal college, sodium, calcium, copper, sulfates, nitrates and coliform, zinc and dissolved oxygen, pH, manganese and lead followed by boron nitrite, cadmium, chromium and vital requirement for oxygen. While the chloride and conductivity electrical, the proportion of sodium, copper, zinc and adsorption of boron have greatest influence on the value of water quality index for irrigation, followed by manganese, cadmium, chromium, lead and pH.The phytoplankton index of Biotic Integrity (P - IBI) has been calculated using ten units including (relative abundance of green algae, green algae, pyrrophyta, Euglenophyta, Xanthophyta, Centralales, pennales, species richness index, the density of phytoplankton and chlorophyll a) The results showed that phytoplankton index of Biotic Integrity values ranging between (47 - 74) in the first position and (47 - 67) in the second location, and (45 - 76) in the third site and (45 - 71) in the fourth site. In other words, phytoplankton index of Biotic Integrity with estimating index (good - poor). The results showed the effectiveness of phytoplankton index of Biotic Integrity values in estimating the environmental changes.

التحديد الجزيئي لبعض عوامل الضراوة في بكتريا Klebsiella spp المعزولة من مصادر سريرية مختلفة Molecular Identification of Some Virulence Factors In The Bacterium Klebsiella Spp Isolated From Different Clinical Sources

اسم المؤلف: فرقد حسن فليح
اسم المشرف: بهيجة عبيس حمود الخالدي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: جمعت (150) عينة من المرضى المراجعين والراقدين في مستشفى الديوانية التعليمي والذين يعانون من اصابات مختلفة وللفترة من 1/كانون الاول/2013 ولغاية 1/نيسان /2014 وتضمنت هذه العينات ماياتي : (50) عينة حروق وجروح، (50) عينة ادرار و(50)عينة قشع من المرضى المراجعين | One hundred fifty samples were collected from patients admitted in Al - Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital and suffering from various injuries and for the period from 1 / December / 2013 and up to 1 / April / 2014 these samples in clude : (50) sample burns and wounds, (50) urine and (50) sputum.The results showed that 90 samples (60%) of the total number gave is positive result for the growth.the bacterial isolates were distributed among 35 samples (70%) of burns and wounds, (33) the sample (66%) from urine and (22) sample (44%) from sputum After biochemical and cultural test found that 99 isolate belonging to Different Genus and species of bacteria these isolates include 40 isolate (44.44%) bound and wound isolates Staphylococcus sp was the predoniant in these samples by rate (42.5%), 36 isolate(40%) E.coli was most isolate by rate 50% in urine sample and 23 (25.5%) Klebsiella pneumonia was the most common isolate by rate (78.26%) in these putum.. Sensitivity test results of antibiotics showed that most of the isolates have high resistance against antibiotics used in the study and the most isolates possess multiple resistance (Cross resistance) as shown resistance to most of antibiotics that used in these study. All asolates (% 100) were resistant to nitrofurantin and Tetracycline while(95%)is resistant to ampiciline (90%) of isolate were resistant to thired generation of cephalosporins (ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime) and (%80) of isolate wereresistant to gentamicin and impeneme, finely (%80)of isolate were resistant to azetroname..The results of the molecular detection of genes uge and mag A gene in Klebsiella sp in the 16 (50%) of the isolates had mag A as the 8 (44.44%) of the isolates bacteria K.pneumonia carrier of mag A and 8 isolates of type K.oxytoca had of the gene above the gene uge was his appearance in the proportion of isolates (46.87%) as it appeared in 9 (50%) of the isolates K.pneumonia and 6 isolates (42.87%) of the isolates k.oxytoca..There were relationship between resistance of bacteria to antibiotics and possession of these genes

دراسة تشريحية لسيقان وسويقات واوراق بعض اجناس العائلة الوردية rosaceae في الديوانية Anatomical Study of The Stems, Leaves And Petioles For Some Species of Family Rosaceae

اسم المؤلف: حسنى مهدي رياح الفتلي
اسم المشرف: ازهار عبد الامير سوسة
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: شمل البحث الحالي دراسة بعض الانواع العائدة للعائلة الوردية Rosaceae في محافظة الديوانية من الناحية التشريحية, اذ تم دراسة المقاطع المستعرضة للسيقان والسويقات والاوراق لثلاثــــــــــــة انــــواع وهـي المشمـــــش Prunus armenicana L. والكمثـــــــــري.Pyr | Current research involved the study of some species belonging to the family rosary rosaceae in Diwaniyah province of anatomical terms, as has been the study of cross sections of the stems, leaves and petioles for three species apricot Prunus. armenicana L. And pear Pyrus communis L. And apple Malus domestica Borkh. The study has been the separation of these species into groups depending on differences and similarities of the attributes of the obvious anatomical changes were discussed among these species, It turns out that many of these qualities, Especially the form of stem and cutworms as well as the presence or loss of tissue such as textiles Parencyma green Chlorenchyma in the stem as possible discrimination species P.armenicana for the other two species of loss of such a fabric, And also the possible discrimination of this species through the general shape of the clips transverse Soik as it's looks like a horse shoe, While the other two it's like a triangle. As for the indumentum and taxonomic diversity epithet to isolate and diagnose these species from each other, Such as Glandular hairs and the loss of these filaments in the other two species.The study concluded that the possibility of the use of the anatomical characteristics of transverse sections of the Stem, Petioles and Leaves in the diagnosis of the species under study

تاثير الاصابات المجهرية المهبلية وبعض الهرمونات على الاصابة بالمشعرات المهبلية عند النساء في بعقوبة - محافظة ديالى Effect of Microbial Vaginal Infections And Some Hormones On Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection In Women In Baquba - Diyala Province

اسم المؤلف: حنان رحيم حسوني الخشالي
اسم المشرف: نغم ياسين كاظم البياتي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: : توجد هناك عدة عوامل تلعب دور مهم في زيادة الاصابة بطفيلي المشعرات المهبلية وهذه العوامل تتضمن : اختلال مســـــتوى الهرمونات الجنســـــية, تغير الرقم الهيدروجيني للمهبل, بعض انواع الاصابات البكتيرية.الهدف من الدراسة : اولا : تحديد نسب وانواع الاصابات ال | Introduction : It have been founded that many factors play important roles in the increase incidence of infection with Trichomonas vaginalis these factors includes : disturbances in sex hormones level, change in pH of vagina and some types of bacterial infections.Aims : First : To determine the rates and types of Microbial vaginal infections that infected women in Baquba - Diyala province.Second : study of the relationship between the Trichomonas vaginalis and other microorganisms.Third : study the relationship between the Trichomonas vaginalis and the levels of some sex hormones.Patient and Methods : This study was carried out on 227 patients attended either Al - Batol Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Children in Baquba - Diyala, or some private clinic in Baquba city, most of these patient giving symptoms of vaginitis as a patient group, in addition to 10 healthy women as a control group.Patients group included married, widows and divorcees women with age range between (18 - 45) years, and at different educational level.Full clinical evaluation was done for those patient including history and physical examination. This evaluation revealed that 209 of patients (92%) had vaginal discharge, irritation and itching. Reguested blood samples were taken for laboratory test included estradiol, progesterone and testosterone. The level of these sex hormones in women with Trichomoniasis have been determined and compared with levels of these hormones in control group.In addition high vaginal swab were taken for microbiological tests. and used for diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis and other associated microorganisms, the rate of parasitic infection had been determined and it's relation with age group, marital status, level of education and level of vaginal acidity had been estimated. Moreover, the percentage of cases, with pus cells, epithelial cells, red blood cells and clue cells have been estimated. Results : the results of laboratory tests elicited the presence of Trichomonas vaginalis (6.3%). And in addition to it there is bacterial and fungal vaginal infection and the percentages were (54%) and (15%), respectively. Moreover, the results showed the presence of dual infections between the parasite and bacteria, the parasite and fungi, and bacteria and fungi and there percentages were (11.8 %), (8 %) and (4.9 %), respectively.Regarding age group, results showed that the highest parasite infection rate was among women in the age group (26 - 35 years) which was (41.1%), in compare with infection rate in others age group (18 - 25 years) and (36 - 45 years) which were (9.3 %) and (18 %), respectively. Regarding, the marited status, the highest infection rate was founded among married women in comparison with widows, divorcees women, and the percentages were (31.7 %), (6.8 %) and (14.7 %), respectively. Regarding, the educational level, the results showed highest rate of infection with Trichomonas vaginalis was among women with low educational level which was (11.8%) in compared with those with intermediate (7.9%), secondary (4.8%), and tertiary education (1.3%). Regarding, the pH of the vagina, results showed that the rate of vaginal infection were high when pH of vagina > 4.5 in comparison with the lowpH ? 4.5 and the percentages were (83.7%) and (16.3%), respectively. The results of direct smear and cultures showed that (25.9 %) of case (59 patient) were infected with Trichomonas vaginalis, (31.7%) of case infected with E.coli, (27.7%) of case infected with candida albicans, (21.1%) infected with Gardnerella vaginalis, (17.6%) percentages of Lactobacillus spp. (8.3%) percentages of Staphylococcus epidermidas (5.2%) in fected with S. aureus, (3.5%) infected with Enterobacter spp., (2.6%) infected with Proteus spp., (2.2%) infected with Klebsiella spp., (1.7%) infected with Acentobacter spp. and Streptococcus spp., (1.3%) infected with Pseudomonas spp., While the lowest rate was for Neisseria gonorrheae (0.8%). Also results showed that the highest percentage of dual infection with trichomoniasis it was in Gardnerella vaginalis which detected in 22 case (37.2%), followed by Candida albicans, which detected in 18 case (30.5%). While the lowest rate was with Neisseria gonorrheae which detected in one case (1.6%). The other laboratory tests including hormonal estimation in patients with trichomoniasis, the results of current study showed decrease level of estradiol hormone in women infected during follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle, In follicular phase the mean of estradiol was (6.83 pg/ml) in comparison with control group that hormone rate was (42.61 pg/ml). In luteal phase the mean of estradiol was (27.00 pg/ml) comparison with control group which hormone rate was (87.16 pg/ml). In addition to that the level of progesterone have increased in follicular phase but decreased in luteal phase in comparison with control group. In follicular phase the mean of progesterone was (5.89 ng/ml) in com - parison with control group which hormone rate was (0.72 ng/ml). In luteal phase the mean of progesterone in infected women was (0.56 ng/ml) comparison with control group in which hormone rate was (19.83 ng/ml).Regarding, the level of testosterone, the results showed that the level had been increased during the follicular and luteal phases in infected women compared with control group. In follicular phase the mean of testosterone was (3.44 ng/ml) in comparison with control group which the mean was (0.24 ng/ml). In luteal phase the mean of testosterone was (3.65 ng/ml) in comparison with control group in which the mean was (0.30 ng/ml).Conclusion : The presence of infection with Trichomonas vaginalis, and it's associated with other microorganisms that are detected in the current study and other study previous may indicated a correlation between them. So those patient, constantly in need for a panel of laboratory test including : vaginal pH, and hormonal estimation as these factors may play a role in diagnosis and follow - up of the patients.

تاثير دوالي الخصيتين في معالم المني وسلامة الحامض النووي الـDNA Effect of Varicocele In Semen Quality And Nucleic Acid DNA Integrity

اسم المؤلف: حيدر لطيف فرحان المساعد
اسم المشرف: صاحب يحيى حسن المرشدي عبد الزهرة كاظم محمد علي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: شملت هذه الدراسة فحص 150 عينة من السائل المنوي لمرضى القيلة الدوالية Varicocele والاشخاص الخصبين بعد مدة امتناع قدرها 3 - 5 ايام حيث جمعت العينات في مختبرات مركز الخصوبة / مدينة الصدر الطبية / محافظة النجف الاشرف من 1 / 10 /2012 الى 30/ 4 /2013, لقلة الدر | This study was included 150 samples of semen for varicocele and fertile persons. The samples were collected after 3 - 5 day abstinence period at fertility center Laboratories / ALsader Medical city in An Najaf province.For the period from 1/10/2012 to 30/4/2013.Because the studies about varicocele are rare, the present studies aimed to know the impact of varicocele on semen and sperm parameter, sperm quality index, Malondialdehyde concentration and the percentage of sperm DNA integrity.So, this study was aimed at investigation wethere the Varicocelectomy in varicocele patients could positively influence studied parameters.The research was involved examining 83 sample of seminal fluid for varicocele patient. The percentage of varicocele grades were examined and the results were represented 40% grade1, 39% grade2 and 21% grade3.The result were showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in sperm concentration , progressively motile sperm, normal sperm morphology percent and sperm viability percent for varicocele patient compared with the fertile persons, while there was noticed a significant increase (P<0.05) in Round cells concentration snd liquefaction time for varicocele patient compared to fertile person and the result of this study were showed significant decrease (P<0.05) of sperm quality index and sperm DNA integrity for varicocele patient compared to fertile persons (control).The study noted to the significant increase (P<0.05) of malondialdehyde concentration for varicocele patients compared to fertile persons. The coefficient factor was used to investigate the correlation between malondialdehyde concentration and the studies parameter.there was increase correlation (P<0.05) between malondialdehyde concentration and sperm concentration(r= - 0.86 P<0.05) progressively motile sperm (r= - 0.938), normal sperm morphology percent (r= - 0.90 P<0.05), sperm viability percent (r = - 0.846 P<0.05) and sperm quality index (r = - 0.836 P<0.05), while there was (P<0.05) positive correlation between malondialdehyde concentration and semen volume (r=+0.822 P<0.05), liquefaction time (r = +0.828 P<0.05) and round cells correlation (r= + 0.89 P<0.05).Also the coefficient was used to study the correlation between sperm DNA integrity and other study parameter. The results of this study were showed positive correlation between the percentage of DNA integrity and sperm concentration (r= +0.88 P<0.05), progressively motile sperm (r=+0.78P<0.05), normal sperm morphology (r= +0.86 P<0.05), sperm viability percentage (r=+0.87 P<0.05) and sperm quality index (r= +0.81 P<0.05), while it was noticed in used correlation between sperm DNA integrity and malondialdehyde concentration (r= - 0.681 P<0.05), semen volume (r= - 0.67 P<0.05), liquefaction time (r= - 0.65 P<0.05) and round cells (r= - 0.54 P<0.05). The effect of varicocele grading on sperm and semen parameter, sperm quality index, malondialdehyde concentration and percentage of sperm DNA integrity was studied, the result were showed a significant decrease (P<0.05)of sperm concentration, progressively motile sperm, sperm viability and normal sperm morphology percentage, and a significant increase (P<0.05) of liquefaction time and Round cells concentration for varicocele patients grad1, grade2 and grade3 compared with the fertile persons. and when we are compare between varicocele patient according to type of grade the results were show a significant decrease (P<0.05) of sperm concentration, progressively motile sperm and normal sperm morphology percentage and a significant increase (P<0.05) of liquefaction time for varicocele patients grade2 and grade3 compared to grade1 varicocele patient.So the result showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) of sperm concentration for grade3 varicocele patients compared with the grade2 varicocele patients. The result of this study were showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in sperm quality index and sperm DNA integrity for grad1, grade2 and grade3 varicocele patients compared to fertile persons. also it was noticed a significant decrease (P<0.05) of sperm quality index and sperm DNA integrity for grade2 and grade3 varicocele patients compared to grade1 varicocele patients but the malondialdehyde concentration according to varicocele grade, the result were showed a significant increase (P<0.05) of malondialdehyde concentration for grade2 and grade3 varicocele patients compared to grade1 varicocele patients and fertile persons. In this study the effect of Varicocelectomy on study parameters was studied and the result were showed a significant increase (P<0.05) of sperm concentration, progressively motile sperm, sperm viability percentage, normal sperm morphology, percent, sperm quality index and sperm DNA integrity and a significant decrease (P<0.05) of liquefaction time and malondialdehyde concentration for Varicocelectomy compared to varicocele patients. The result were showed a significant decrease (P<0.05)of sperm viability percent, normal sperm morphology percent, sperm DNA integrity and sperm quality index and a significant increase (P<0.05) in round cells concentration, liquefaction time and malondialdehyde concentration for Varicocelectomy patients compared to fertile persons.From the result of present study, we are concluded that varicocele has been negatively impact on sperm and semen parameters, malondialdehyde concentration and sperm DNA integrity, and the effect of varicocele is associated with the increasing of varicocele grading, while Varicocelectomy has been positive impact on sperm and semen parameters, malondialdehyde concentration and sperm DNA integrity but this result have not reached to similar state to fertile persons

انتشار المقاومة للمضادات الحيوية وبعض عوامل الضراوة في بكتريا Pseudomonas aeruginosa المعزولة من مستشفيات في النجف المعزولة من مستشفيات في النجف Molecular Study To Some of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Virulence Factors Isolated From Clinical And Environmental Isolates

اسم المؤلف: ذو الفقار حيدر حسن
اسم المشرف: ماجدة مالك متعب
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية لغرض التحري عن وجود الجينات الكروموسومية المسؤولة عن بعض عوامل الضراوة المهمة لجنس Pseudomonas aeruginosa كانتاجها للسم الخارجي A والالجنيت اضافة الى الجينات الكروموسومية المسببة لمقاومة الكوينولونات في العزلات السريرية والبيئية لبكت | This study include investigate the presence of chromosomal quinolone resistance genes and virulence genes(toxA and algD) in clinical and environmental isolates from Al - Sadr Medical city.A total of 110 samples were collected from different clinical sources(burns, wounds, and urine), and 50 from the hospital environment.the samples were collected during 10, Oct, 2012 to 2, Feb, 2013. A total number of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates accounted for 89 of 160 samples.The distribution of these isolates were 28 from Burns, 14 wounds, 15 urine, and 32 from hospital environments. Identification of isolates has been accomplished depending on phenotypic diagnostic methods and PCR technique.our study proved that PCR technique depending on oprI and oprL genes was a rapid method for identification of non - pigmented isolates. A total of 20 antibiotics resistant isolates were chosen for Molecular studies. The result reveling that 100% of isolates had a chromosomal mutation in the QRDRs of genes (gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE). High percentage of isolates(45%) carried mutated genes gyrA and parC, followed by 15% of isolates were carried either mutated gene gyrA alone or three mutated genes gyrA, parC, and parE and and 10%of isolates were carried three muted genes gyrA, gyrB, and parC, while gene that encoding to parC mutation were detected in 5% of isolates. Our study is the first study about detection of Quinolone Resistance Determining Regions in P.aeruginosa in Iraq. The results showed the the presence of mexAB - oprM multidrugs efflux system expression in 100%(20) isolates. while the phenotypic test depending on MIC values for ciprofloxacin alone in the presence of efflux inhibitor showed that only 15%(3) isolates had the active efflux pump.

العلاقة بين كروماتين النطف ومعايير المني في مرضى عديمي الخصوبة The Relationship Between Sperm Chromatin And Semen Parameters In Infertile Patients

اسم المؤلف: وليد عبد علي حسن الخفاف
اسم المشرف: صاحب يحيى حسن المرشدي زينب شنيور مهدي الطرفي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى تقييم النسبة المئوية لكروماتين النطفة غير السوي Abnormal sperm chromatin percentage لمرضى عديمي الخصوبة مقارنة بالرجال الخصبين ودراسة العلاقة بين النسبة المئوية لكروماتين النطفة غير السوي ومعايير المني ومؤشر نوعية النطف وتركيز الم | The aim of the current study was to evaluate the Abnormal sperm chromatin percent for the infertile comparing with the fertile men and study the relation between the Abnormal sperm chromatin percent, the sperm and semen parameters, sperm quality index and MDA concentration for the infertile normozoospermic and asthenozoospermic patients comparing with the fertile men.This study was conducted in the laboratories of fertility centers in Al - Sader medical city/ Al - Najaf Al - Ashraf from 1 / 11 / 2012 to 30 / 4 / 2013.By the end of the semen liquefaction time, the 72 samples were divided into two groups : - the fertile men, (17), and the second is represented by the Infertile Normozoospermic (23) and the Asthenozoospermic (32). The age average was (1.36±30.9) , (0.98 ±29.6) and (1.63± 31.4) years respectively. The samples were restricted to the non smoking patients only. The study results show a significant (P< 0.05) decrease in the sperm concentration, the percent of the progressive forward movement sperm, the sperm viability percent and the semen volume, and a significant (P<0.05) increase in the round cell concentration, liquefaction time, Malondialdehyde concentration and the percent of the abnormal chromatin of the Normozoospermic and the Asthenozoospermic patients comparing with the fertile men. The results also show a negative correlation (P<0.05) between the (MDA) concentration and the parameters represented by the sperm concentration, percent of the progressive forward movement sperm, the normal sperm percent, the sperm viability percent sperm quality index and semen volume. While it had been noticed that there was a positive relation between the MDA concentration and the parameters represented by the sperm liquefaction time, round cell concentration and the abnormal sperm chromatin percent of all the study groups. In this research the relation between the sperm chromatin damage and the other study parameters had been studied by dividing the samples according to the degree of chromatin damage. The results show a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the sperm concentration, the percent of the progressive forward movement sperm, the normal sperm percent, the sperm viability percent, the sperm quality index and semen volume, with a significant (P<0.05) increase in the liquefaction time and round cell concentration (MDA) concentration and the percent of the abnormal chromatin of the group (> 10) comparing with the group (? 10) for the fertile men, also the results show a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the sperm concentration, the percent of the progressive forward movement sperm, the normal sperm percent, the sperm viability percent and the semen volume, with a significant (P<0.05) increase in the liquefaction time and round cell concentration for the group (> 25) comparing with the group (? 25) for the infertile Normozoospermic patients. For the Asthenozoospermic patients the study shows a significant (P<0.05) decrease in the sperm concentration, the percent of the progressive forward movement sperm, the normal sperm percent, the sperm quality index, the sperm viability percent and semen volume, and a significant (P<0.05) increase in the liquefaction time and round cell concentration for the study groups represented by the group (> 20 - 40) and (< 40) comparing with (? 20). From the above results it could be concluded that the increase of (MDA) level resulted from the active (ROS) leads to an increase in the abnormal chromatin percent of the infertile Normozoospermic patients which had a negative effect on the semen parameters which could be a reason for the infertility for those patients

علاقة بعض الهرمونات والمعايير الكيموحيوية للمصابين بحصى المرارة Relation of Some Hormones And Biochemical Variables For Patients With Gallstones

اسم المؤلف: انسام فيصل ياسر الجوراني
اسم المشرف: احسان ريسان ابراهيم الركابي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الفسلجة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: صممت الدراسة الحالية لمعرفة مستويات بعض الهرمونات والمتغيرات الكيموحيوية لممصابين حصى المرارة، اذ اجريت الدراسة على المرضى الوافدين الى مستشفى الزهراء التعليمي ومستشفى الكرامة التعليمي / قسم الجراحة في محافظة واسط للمدة منذ بداية شهر تشرين الاول (2012) حت | The study was Designed to investigate some hormonal levels and biochemical variables in patients with gallstones, where the study was conducted on patients attending Zahra Hospital and Karama Hospital / Department of Surgery in Wassit province for the period since the beginning of the month of October (2012) and until the end of the month of April (2013), The number of patients (75) were aged between 15 - 70 years and the number of males (15) and females (60) compared with healthy controls and numbered (25) aged between 15 - 70 years and the number of males (5) and females (20). Blood samples were collected in volume (10 ml) blood serum was isolated to achive required measurements, which included measuring the level of the hormone leptin, thyroxine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), growth hormone (GH), also the study included estimate the concentrations of biochemical parameters : total cholesterol (T.Chol), higher density lipoprotein cholesterol (H DL - Chol), factor risk (RF), liver enzymes ALT and AST, total serum bilirubin (TSB), glucose, creatinine, albumin, Globulin, and total serum protein (TSP), The results of the study were as follows : .Prevalence of gallstones in Wassit province, and Females injury rate will gallstone in wassit province much higher than males with rate of 5/1. Significant increase (P <0.05) in the levels of leptin hormone and GH as well as non significant increase (P >0.05) in the levels of the hormone TSH, while there was a significant decrease (P <0.05) in the level of the hormone T4 in people who suffer from a gallstones disease compared with healthy people. Significantly increase (P <0.05) in the concentration of T.Chol, and RF, while there a non - significant decrease (P> 0.05) in the concentration of HDL - Chol. significant increase (P <0.05) in the concentration of ALT, AST, TSB, and glucose with a non - significant increase (P>0.05) in the concentration of createnine. significant decrease (P <0.05) in the concentration of albumin, TSP, while an increase is not significant (P>0.05) in the concentration of globulin. There is effect of sex, age, BMI, and duration of the disease for patients with gallstones compared to healthy persons. There is effect of the taking contraceptive pills for female patients infected with gallstones compared to patients female non Taking contraceptive pills.

دراسة مناعية نسجية للاستجابة المناعية لسرطان الغدة اللبنية المغروسة في الفئران البيض Immunological And Histological Study For Immune Response To Implanted Murine Mammary Adenocarcinoma In Albino Mice

اسم المؤلف: نور ابراهيم عبد الزهرة شبر
اسم المشرف: احمد حميد عبود العزام جميل جري يوسف الحميداوي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية - المناعة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد السرطان واحدا من المخاطر الاساسية التي تهدد حياة الانسان في مختلف بلدان العالم، لان هذا المرض لا يقف عند عضو معين فهو ينتشر الى كثير من اعضاء الجسم الاخرى ليفتك بها، ومن هذا انطلقت الدراسة الحالية التي اجـريت للفترة من تشرين الاول / 2012 م ولغاية اب | The Cancer is one of highly risk factors that threats the human life world wide, because the disease has metastatic property from primary to secondary sites. This study was carried out during the period extending between October 2012 and August 2013, in laboratories of Faculty of Veterinary Medicine & Faculty of Education for girls in University of Kufa. It is aimed to follow up the changes in volume of growing tumor in female albino mice which were injected with cells of murine mammary adenocarcinoma.The histological changes, immunohistochemical examination investigate the distribution of CD8+ T lymphocytes were also studied.The changes of IgG and IgM titers in serum were also investigated. The study included use of 40 female albino mice at age 6 - 8 weeks, 25g weight average.All mice were injected by cells of murine mammary adenocarcinoman (AM3) in subcutaneous of femoro - dorsal region, and ascending to cervical region. The tumor was successfully implanted into 28 mice.These mice divided into four groups, each contains seven tumor - bearing mice.The animals of the first group subjected to the investigations after 48 hrs from implantation , while those of 2nd, 3rd & 4th groups after 10, 20, 30 days respectively. Seven healthy mice were considered as control group to comparison of immunological tests. Tumor volume & relative tumor volume were measured in different experimental groups. Histological section were prepared by routine histological techniques that including the steps of dehydration, clearing, infiltration, embedding, cutting & staining by hematoxylin and eosin stains, then microscopical examination had been done by optic microscop. The results indicated there was significant increase in tumor volume and relative volume with advancing of tumor age in animals of 2nd, 3rd & 4th groups where compared with first group. The gross examination of the animals of different groups showed that the tumor grew as irregular projection with loss of hair and erosion of overlying skin with milky discharge. The post - mortem examination revealed that the tumor mass was divided into small lobules with various coloures and the tumor mass surrounded by fibrous tissue which increase in thickness as the tumor increased in the age. Extensive areas of necrosis were noticed in the centers of the tumor masses. The microscopic examination of tumor masses in the first group raveled there were sub cataneous small aggregation of tumor cells at the implantation region as well as dispersion of the implantated tumor cells. The inflammatory cells, especially neutrophils were infiltrated. In the second group, the tumor masses showed lobulation by fibrous septa with proliferation of new blood vessels with congestion of them. Infiltaration of inflammatory cells, particularly the lymphocytes. The tumor cells arranged as ribbons and acini, characterized by hyperchromacia pleomorphism, high N/C ratio as well as appearance of mitotic figures. The histological features of the third group revealed increase of amount of fibrous tissue extensive necrotic areas and loss of architecture.These appeared in the fourth group in addition to the presence of cellular debris with dead inflammatory cells. The immunohistochemical study showed no CD8+ T cells were infiltrated in the mass of first group but the little infiltration of these cells was show in the second group. The highest infiltration of the CD8+ T cells was appeared in the third group. while the little cells were discharged in the fourth group. The results of the single radial immunodiffussion assay showed that the implantation with mammary adenocarcinoma had significant effect in increasing the titer of IgM after (48) hours and (30) days from implantation of tumor compared to control group, while the titer is not significant after (10) and (20) days from implantation of the tumor compared to control group. Also the results revealed a significant decrease in the titer of IgG after (48) hours and (30) days from implantation of the tumor, while were no significant increase in the titer of immunoglobulin after (10) and (20) days from implantation of the tumor, compared to the control group. From all the above, We concluded that there was variable histological changes as the age of tumor advanced these changes were characterized by increase of amount of tumor cells in the first groups and occurrence of necrosis in late groups, as well as increase the fibrous tissue as the tumor age advanced. The infiltrative CD+8 lymphocyt was also variable as change of tumor age. The implantation of tumor in mice groups had marked effect in stimulation of humoral immune response through increase of IgM & IgG titers.

التعبير الجيني للمورث Erg11 وعلاقته بالمقاومة وظاهرة رجوع النمو لبعض عزلات خميرة المبيضات البيضاء المختبرة تجاه مضادات الازول الفطرية Gene Expression of Erg11 And It’s Relation With Resistance And Trailing Growth Phenomena of Some Isolates of Candida Albicans Tested Against Azole Antifungals

اسم المؤلف: حيدر عبد الحسين عباس
اسم المشرف: عدنان حمد عبيد الحمداني
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى الكشف عن دور المورث Erg11 والتعبير الجيني النسبي له في مقاومة خميرة المبيضات البيضاء C.albicans وعلاقته بنشوء عزلات مقاومة او ظاهرة رجوع النمو Trailing growth لهذه الخميرة عند اختبار حساسيتها الدوائية تجاه بعض مضادات الازول (الفلو | The current study aimed to detect the role of Erg11 gene and its relative expression in the resistance of Candida albicans, and its relationship with the emergence of resistace or Trailing growth isolates when tested its susceptibility against azoles agenst (fluconazole, ketoconazole). A total of 120 specimens were collected from patients of both gender with different ages whom infected with oral thrush, uro - genital and Gastrointestinal candidiasis and admitted the General Teaching Hospital and materinaty and children Teaching Hospital in AL - Diwaniyah city during the period from December/2012 to February / 2013. The isolation and identification of yeast isolates were done based on their morphological, Cultural and biochemical tests in addition to use the confirmatory systems such as the growth on Chrom Agar candida, Api Candida and Tobacco Agar medium to distinguish C.albicans from other yeast spp. Also, some virulence factors of C.albicans such germ tube formation, chlamydospores production, growth at of 45 c and resistance to cycloheximide were detected. The antibiotics sensitivity test was used in two method (disk diffusion & dilution) to determine the sensitive, trailing growth, resistance isolates and minimal inhibitory concentration (MICs) toward azole agents. The qRT - PCR was used to detect the relative quantitative of Erg11 gene expression and its relationship with resistance to azole and emergence of trailing growth phenomena in the presence of Fluconazoles and ketoconazole. The isolation and identification results revealed that the isolation percent of C.albicans was 47.05 % incomparison with other Candida species that were 15.3%, 11.76 %, 8.23 % and 5.9 % for C.krusi, C.dubliniensis, C.tropicalis, C. parapsilasis and C.glabrata , respectively. The antibiotic susceptibity tests of C.albicans showed the presence of resistance precent (38.89%) to fluconazole and the most of sensitive isolates revealed a trailing growth phenomena in the zone of growth inhibition of floconazole in a ratio 55.56%. While the resistance percent to ketoconazole was 27.78 % and the sensitive isolates showed the trailing growth in a ratio (38.89%). The statistical analysis showed a significant differences (P <0.05) among tested treatments. The MICs values of fluconazole against C.albicans isolates were 8, 16, and 64 Mg/ml for sensitive isolates and were 0.125 and 0.5 Mg /ml for resistance isolates and the trailing growth phenomena occurred at MICs value ? 8 Mg/ml within 24 hours of incubation while the values became ? 64 Mg/ml after 48 hours of incubation.There was a significant differences (p< 0.05) among tested treatments isolates incubated at 24 hours while there was no significant differences (P>0.05) at 48 hours of incubation. In respect with Ketoconazole, the resistance of C.albicans was increased after 48 hours of incubation at MICs values 0.125, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 Mg /ml while its was sensitive at values 4, 8 and 16 Mg /ml and the trailing growth phenomena occurred when the MICs ? 2 Mg/ml after 24 hrs of incubation, while it reached to ? 8 Mg/ml after 48 hrs of incubation. There was a significant differences (p< 0.05) among tested treatments incubated after 24 hours while there was no significant differences (P >0.05) among treatments after incubation 48 hours. The results of relative quantitative gene expression for both genes revealed a significant differences (p< 0.05) in gene expression levels through the occurrence of increased in the transcription of mRNA quantity among tested treatments.The up - regulation of Erg11 and fold change in mRNA transcription was 2.498 fold compared with 1.0 for control treatment after 24 hrs of incubation in the presence of antifungal, while the increasment was 12.606 fold after 48 hrs of incubation of isolates with antifungals.

دراسة بعض الصفات الفيزيائية والكيميائية والحياتية لمياه نهر دجلة ضمن مدينة تكريت Study of Some Physical, Chemical And Biological Properties on Tigris River in Tikrit City

اسم المؤلف: بشار طارق اسماعيل هلال الشنداح
اسم المشرف: رياض عباس عبد الجبار
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تهدف الدراسة الحالية للتعرف على بعض الجوانب الفيزيائية والكيميائية والحياتية لمياه نهر دجلة ضمن مدينة تكريت ولمياه المخلفات السكنية في محطة المعالجة.جمعت العينات لمدة سبعة اشهر اعتبارا من شهر تشرين الثاني 2006 وحتى نهاية شهر ايار 2007 وبمعدل مرتين شهريا | The present study aimed to find out some physical, chemical and biological aspects of Tigris river passed in Tikrit - city, and population residence in the treatment unit.Samples were collected over the period of seven months during November 2006 to the end of May 2007 biweekly. Four stations were selected for sample collections over the distance of 25 km. Two stations were in Tigris river and two were in the treatment unit. The first selected station was close to the old water purification unit in Tikrit - city. The second station was selected at the treatment unit in AL - Dubaee before the mechanical treatment unit. The third station was selected at the treatment unit after the biological treatment. The fourth station was selected in Tigris river about ten km south of the treatment unit at AL - Dijla town. The study involved an investigation of some physical, chemical and biological aspects of Tigris river and the residence waste discharges to the river. This included air and water temperature, conductivity, PH, dissolved oxygen, BOD, Turbidity, total hardness, calcium and magnesium hardness, chloride, total alkalinity, nutrients (i.e., phosphate, nitrite, silica) , and the concentrations of heavy metals (i.e., cadmium and cupper). The biological factor included the total bacteria counts cultured on nutrient agar. Results of the study clarify the close relation between air and water temperature which varied (8.5 - 36) C0 and (9 - 27) C0 respectively. Conductivity values were relatively high and ranged (128 - 3530) microsemens/cm. River water almost was alkaline during the period of the study. PH values of the first and fourth stations were close in the river, although a value of 6.12 was recovered at station on during May. In all stations, PH values ranged (8.8 - 6.12). River water has a good ventilation, dissolved oxygen values ranges (8 - 11) mg/L at the first and the fourth stations, while these values were (0.1 - 1.34) mg/L at the second and third stations. Mean dissolved oxygen values pointed out the availability of good oxygen concentration for the continuity of living organisms which ranged (0.3 - 5.8) mg/L in Tigris river, while BOD values at the stations second and third were high and ranged (5.6 - 131.2) mg/L. Turbidity was high during April at the stations one and four and ranged (2.03 - 788) NTU in all stations. Total hardness in Tigris river was slightly low - very hardness and ranged (120 - 360) mg/L at the first and fourth stations, while these values were (180 - 480) mg/L at stations two and three.The high total hardness values coincided with the high conductivity values. Concentrations of calcium ions responsible on the calcium hardness ranged (211.4 - 120.7) mg/ L was higher than magnesium ions responsible for magnesium hardness range (5 - 265) mg/L.Records of chloride ions ranged (14.16 - 169.99) mg/L at all stations. However, chloride values at stations first and fourth were among the allowed world values and ranged (14.16 - 42.48) mg/L.Alkalinity values were due to the carbonate and bicarbonate and ranged (35 - 725) mg/L.phosphate values ranged (0.168 - 25.2) µg phosphor atom - phosphate/L. Low nutrient values recorded in Tigris river, while the highest values recorded at second station (treatment unit).Nitrite values fluctuated at all stations and ranged (0.078 - 14.778) µg Nitrogen atom - Nitrite /L. Silica values ranged (648 - 5961.6) µg silicon atom - silica /L. Heavy metals values (Cadmium and Cupper) clarify that, Cadmium were (un sensible), except one value (0.008) mg/L that recorded at November, and un sensible for Cupper.Results of the statistical analyses of all involved factors showed significant differences at stations first and second, and between the first and third stations as well as the fourth station. While there was no significant differences between the second and fourth stations. And no significant differences between stations first and fourth.Total bacterial counts indicated high bacterial counts, and the average of total bacterial count ranged (2.605X105, 5.44X108, 2.265X108, 2.385X105) / ml at the four stations respectively, so the Tigris river considered pollutant - very pollutant.

دراسة شكليائية ونسجية للقناة الهضمية في سمكة الخشني Liza abu Heckel.1843 Morphological And Histological Study of The Digestive Tract In Liza Abu (Heckel, 1843)

اسم المؤلف: حنان رعد ضياء حسين
اسم المشرف: وجدان بشير عبد
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الانسجة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The morphological and histological structure of digestive tract in one species of Iraqi fish that resides in Iraqi inland fresh water (Liza abu) was studied. In this study used (43) fish were in different lengths, the gut of these fish have removed to study the relationship between the length of gastrointestinal tract and the standard body length as well as for morphological and histological study. The value of relative digestive tract length (RGL) was 2.9. Intestine was the longest part of the digestive tract, the average length of intestine was (32 cm). The shape of the folds of the mucous membrane lining the walls of digestive tract showed some differences in different parts of digestive tract, in esophagus the folds were longitudinal running along the wall and it was straight, unbranched and the mean of their number was (9 - 8) folds. In the stomach the folds were longitudinal and (7 - 6) in their number, they were branched into fingerlings structures. In pyloric caeca, anterior and posterior part of intestine and rectum the folds were fingerlings in shape, unbranched and their number were (20 - 19), (27 - 26), (25 - 23), (19 - 18) respectively. Histological study was shown that the wall of the digestive tract is consist of four major coats, from the inside to the outside they were as follows : Tunica Mucosa which characterized by its clear three parts, epithelial tissue, lamina propria and muscularis mucosa. Epithelial tissue in esophagus was thick stratified squamous epithelium, in stomach was thin simple columnar epithelium and gradually increase in length in each of pyloric caeca, intestine and rectum and it was simple columnar epithelial tissue. Mucous which is secreted in esophagus is made of a large proportion of neutral and acidic mucopolysaccharide, while the mucous secreted in the cardiac stomach consist of a large proportion of neutral mucopolysaccharide and less proportion of acidic mucopolysaccharide, either, in the pyloric stomach is consist of very small proportion of both neutral and acidic mucopolysaccharide, in pyloric caeca mucous consist of a small proportion of neutral mucopolysaccharide and less proportion of acidic mucopolysaccharide, and the mucous secreted in an anterior, posterior parts of intestine and rectum consist of small proportion of acidic mucopolysaccharide and large proportion of neutral mucopolysaccharide. Lamina propria consists of connective tissue containing capillaries and lymphoid cells and it represent the basis of the folds, in the cardiac stomach it contains simple tubular glands. Muscularis mucosa characterized by the presence of muscle fibers that are not continuous, the higher thickness of this layer was in pyloric stomach. Tunica Submucosa consists of connective tissue that contains capillaries, the higher thickness of this coat was in the stomach and less thickness of this coat was in the rectum. Tunica Muscularis consists of two layers of smooth muscle fibers, the internal layer has a circular arrangement, the external layer has a longitudinal arrangement in stomach, pyloric caeca, intestine and rectum. either in esophagus tunica muscularis was arranged in inverse manner. The circular and longitudinal muscle fibers in esophagus were skeletal muscle fibers, and they were smooth and non - striated in stomach, pyloric caeca, intestine and rectum. the higher thickness of this coat was in the stomach and less thickness was in the rectum Tunica Serosa is present in all regions of digestive tract.

التمنيع والتحدي لبكتريا Citrobacter freundii فاقدة الجدار المسببة لخمج السبيل البولي Immunization And Challenge For Walled Citrobacter Freundii And Walled Defective That Causing Urinary Tract Infection

اسم المؤلف: عبد الرسول عويد عداي الشبيب
اسم المشرف: قاسم نجم ثويني
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بابل - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Cryptic bacterial infection has been studied in urinary system to Human, where 50 underwent urine samples from patient mostly based consulting auditors Hilla public Education Hospital for the period from November 2012 until Feb. 2013. Patients ranged in age from 20 - 50 years males and females bacterial infection rate was 70% distributed between the cell wall defective bacteria had 38% and 32% cell - wall bacteria and the results showed 30% as negative cases. Amicroscopic examination of the urine sludge Showed clear sovereignty of non - specialized immune response type of mixed cell 34% followed by mononuclear cell 30%. Samples were cultured on routine media (Blood agar , Macchonky agar) and Modified media (Variant agar, Variant broth). Out put diagnosed by bacterial system diagnostics, phen - otypic, microscopically and biochemistry by using the special test for microorganism diagnosis and using API 20 E and the use VITEK 2 to confirm some samples results. Characterized by colonies of cell wall defective bacteria grow on variant agar it resembles fried egg which could seen after staining Deinse stain. Citrobacter freundii recorded 12%, the highest rate among cellwall defective isolates. Sensitivity test for bacterial isolates were screened from U.T.I both two type (CWB & CWDB) showed the highest rate of sensitive to Impinem 100% represented CWDB, as well as the highest rate of resistance to Ampicillin 100% represented by the same group of isolates. experimental study with urinary tract infection by injecting bacterial stuck of Citrobacter freundii to the three groups of rabbits : first group ( 3 Rabbits ) : immunized with viable surface antigen extracted from CWDB, second group : ( 3 Rabbits ) immunized with heat killed surface antigen extracted from CWB, the third group (4 Rabbits) represented control group it been treated with sterile normal saline. the injection process through urethra, and then underwent a histological study, was histological damage to the members of the animal - derived non - immunized (control group) seemed clear was the appearance of symptoms of the total cellular infiltration and disruption of the mucous layer and epithelial and other symptoms. The immunized animals have shown their ability to defy injury. It is the study of serological reactions to bacterial antigens Citrobacter freundii immunized with vaccines for rabbits given high caliber agglutination with its specialized vaccines and low with adversity and that the absorption and the corresponding and variant antigen does not remove the agglutination effectiveness with immune sera prepared suggesting that the absorption is incomplete and that the difference between the wall and a wall defective in terms of antigenic is quantitative and qualitative.

دراسة بعض متغيرات الخطوط الجلدية للبنان ومجاميع الدم لذكور اطفال التوحد

اسم المؤلف: اسراء جعفر صادق السعدي
اسم المشرف: نصر فرحان عبد الله
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الوراثة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

دراسة وبائية وسريرية لمرض الجيارديا Giardiasis في اطفال مدينة الشرقاط وضواحيها Parasitic Study of Giardiasise Among Children in Sharqat City

اسم المؤلف: علي حمد طلال موسى الجبوري
اسم المشرف: حسين ساهر اسود العبيدي عبد الله حسين عبد الله الجبوري
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الاحياء المجهرية - الطفيليات
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة لبيان تاثير طفيلي الجيارديا المعوي على صحة الاطفال في قضاء الشرقاط لـ(250) طفل، تم اختيارهم بصورة عشوائية، اذ تراوحت اعمارهم من شهر - 15 سنة وللمدة ما بين شهر تشرين الاول 2006 لغاية شهر تشرين الاول 2007، تم فحص عينات الغائط من كل طفل بال

تاثير تدخين السكائر على فعالية انزيمات AST، ALT وALP ومستويات الشوارد في مصل دم المدخنين Effect of Cigarette Smoking On The Activity of Serum AST, ALT, ALP And Levels of Electrolytes In Blood Serum of Smokers

اسم المؤلف: حسام هاشم محمد العزاوي
اسم المشرف: حميد محمود مجيد
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الفسلجة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: للتدخين اثر مباشر وغير مباشر على معظم اعضاء الجسم، وربما يحدث تاثيره في اقل من ثانية عند استنشاقه ووصوله الى الحويصلات الهوائية وانتشاره في الاوردة الرئوية. ولدراسة التغير الحاصل في : مستويات انزيمات الكبد (AST) Aspartate aminotransferase، Alanine aminotr | Smoking effects directly and indirectly on most organs of the body, this effect may occur in less than a second when inhaled and reach the alveoli and prevalence in the pulmonary veins, to study the change in the : levels of liver enzymes (AST) aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and (ALP) alkaline phosphatase and electrolytes (Na +, k +, Cl - , Ca2+, Fe2+ and PO43 - ) in the blood serum of male, Collection of 100 blood samples of male smokers which divided into three groups depending on the smoking period : 1 - first group of 5 - 10 years Comprises 35 smokers, the age range from 25 - 40 years. 2 - second group of 10 - 20 years Comprises 34 smokers, the age range from 25 - 40 years. 3 - third group of more than 20 years Comprises 31 Smokers ages ranged from 25 - 40 years. The above groups Compared with 40 person Non - smoker (group 4), withage range from (25 - 40) year, for the period from November.1st. 2013 to April.1st. 2014, Within the district of Baquba / Province of Diyala.. Results showed : 1 - Increasing in activity of serum liver enzymes AST and ALT (p ?0.01) for a period 5 - 10 years of smoking, and at level of (p?0.001) for both of the periods of smoking 10 - 20 years and more than 20 years as compared to control. While the levels of ALP increased significantly (p?0.01) for three groups as compared with control. 2 - There is no significant differences in the levels of electrolytes Na+, k+, Cl - in blood serum. 3 - There is a significant decrease in the levels of Ca2+ (p?0.001) for the three groups compared to control, while the iron concentration levels increased significantly (p?0.001) in blood serum of the three groups of smokers compared with control. phosphorus levels showed increasing significantly (p?0.05) in both groups of smokers 10 - 20 years and for more than 20 years compared to control. Conclusion from the above : presence of clear effects of smoking on the liver enzymes activity, calcium, iron, phosphorus, while there is no clear effects on electrolytes Na +, k + and Cl - .

دراسة بيئية لبعض انواع صنف بطنية القدم الارضية في ثلاث محافظات وسط العراق An Ecological Study For Some Terrestrial Gastropoda Species In Three Provinces Middle Iraq

اسم المؤلف: ايمان حسين عبد
اسم المشرف: عماد الدين عبد الهادي المختار
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: البيئة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية للتعرف على انواع صنف بطنية القدم الارضية المتواجدة في بعض محافظات وسط العراق (بغداد, بابل, كربلاء). اذ تم تسجيل الملاحظات الحياتية والتعرف على بيئاتها المفضلة وقياس العوامل البيئية ذات الاهمية. حيث تم تشخيص ثلاثة انواع وهي : Cornu as | The present study was conducted to identify the terresterial gastropoda species located in some provinces of middle Iraq (Baghdad, Babylon and Karbala). They were record Biological observations on their environment and learn about their prefer environments and to measure the important ecological factors. Three species were diagnosed : Cornu aspersum specie belong to Helicidae family, Monacha cantiana and Candidula gigaxii species belong to Hygromiidae family. Monthly sampling was conducted from (October 2013 - July 2014) of the three provincs on two sites per each provinc, Where the samples were collected randomly by five repeaters of one square meter once a month. The study also included soil ecological properties measuring : soil temperature, soil pH, Electrical conductivity, percentage moisture, organic matter content and soil texture.The results showed soil temperature values ranged between (8 - 30) C?, soil pH (7.33 - 7.96), Electrical conductivity (0.7 - 4.1) ds/m, percentage moisture (9 - 33) % , organic matter content (0.81 - 2.88) %. The results showed percentages rate for clay, silt and sand for Jadiriyah (38.39, 49.18, 12.43)%, Zafaraniya (36.66, 51.53, 11.81)%, Alexandria (37.93, 52.54, 9.53)%, Hindyia dam (40.54, 53.05, 6.41)%, Hosseinie (36.28, 45.81, 17.91)% and Twerij (37.79, 50.20, 12.01)%. Generally soil texture clay silt sandy soil for all study sites. The relative abundance of the studied species was recorded, The lowest value for Candidula gigaxii specie was 7.3 % in March in Hindyia dam, while the highest value was recorded for Cornu aspersum specie 75.0 % in December 2013 in Jadiriyah. Rates of population density (individuals / m 2) were calculated for the studied specimens and the results showed the presence of significant differences when comparing the study sites during research period. The population density rates for species the results showed the lowest value for Candidula gigaxii specie 0.4 (individual/m²) in October 2013 in Jadiriyah, and the highest value for Cornu aspersum specie 19.4 (individual/m²) in Janeuary 2014 in Jadiriyah. The results showed that Candidula gigaxii specie is found in sites (Jadiriyah, Zafaraniya, Hindyia dam(along research period, While the results did not record the presence of it in sites (Alexandria, Hosseinie, Twerij).The study showed presence of positive and negative significant relationships between species and soil ecological properties, as it were for Cornu aspersum specie negative significant relationship with air and soil temperature (0.827, 0.763) respectively, positive significant relationship with moisture and organic matter content (0.703, 0.880) respectively, while the results did not record significant differences with pH and Electrical conductivity (0.096, 0.168) respectively. Monacha cantiana specie has recorded negative significant relationship with air and soil temperature (0.431, 0.553) respectively, positive significant relationship with percentage moisture and organic matter content (0.368, 0.550) respectively, while did not record significant differences for pH and Electrical conductivity (0.214, 0.096) respectively. The results showed for Candidula gigaxii specie negative significant relationship of air and soil temperature (0.504, 0.322) respectively, positive significant relationship with moisture and organic matter content (0.380, 0.569) respectively, While did not record significant differences with pH and Electrical conductivity (0.088, 0.170) respectively.

دراسة بيئية للهائمات النباتية في مبزل CD4A (مبزل هور شعيب) الديوانية - العراق Ecological Study of The Phytoplankton In Cd4A (Hor Shuaib) Drainage In Al - Diwaniya Iraq

اسم المؤلف: ابتسام كاظم خضر الصالحي
اسم المشرف: فؤاد منحر علكم
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية بيئة الهائمات النباتية في مبزل CD4A (مبزل هور شعيب) في الديوانية - العراق. للمدة من ايلول 2011 حتى نهاية اب 2012 حيث تم اختيار ثلاثة مواقع على المبزل، يقع الموقع الاول في بداية مجرى المبزل عند قرية شويخة ويقع الثاني على بعد 10 كم من | The present study deal with phytoplankton in CD4A drainage for a year starting from September 2011 to August 2012.Three sites have been chosen, the first is near shoekha village at the beginning of the drainage, Second is after the first site ten kilometers, while the third site is at the end of the drainage after Neffr sub district. The study includes measuring physical, chemical and biological properties of drainage water which includes studying quality and quantity of phytoplankton. The study shows that the temperature of the air is ranged from 12.5 - 42.1 c? and water temperature is about(11.5 - 31.5) c? light penetration from 16 - 57cm while turbidity is(49 - 2.1)NTU The study shows that the pH is limited in along the period of the study (6.4 - 8.4), Electrical conductivity is approximately about (2247 - 8030 µs/cm), the water drainage Oligohaline The dissolved oxygen values was from 3 - 8.6 mg/l and carbon dioxide values were ranged from 80.2 - 227.8 mg/l, it also show that drain water is alkaline and bicarbonate ions prevailed, total alkaline is (281.3 - 102.6)mg/l of calcium carbonate. It is discovered that the water in the area under investigation is too hard, hardness values were ranged from 1439.5 - 517.6 mg/l, while Calcium concentrations were ranged from 232.5 - 98.1mg/l andMagnesium concentrations were ranged from 220.3 - 64.2mg/l. Chloride concentrations were ranged from802.01 - 334.1µg/l, while Sulfate concentrations were ranged from 1184.9 - 421.03µg/l Plant nutrients Nitrite concentrations are about (6.22 - 0.58) µg/l, Nitrate concentrations (122.3 - 19.5) µg/l and Phosphate concentrations are about (2.09 - 0.1) µg/l, Phytoplankton types which are diagnosed during study period (143). Bacillariophyceae is dominate on other class and Chlorophyceae Cyanophyceae, Euglenophyceae, the study shows there are99, 120 and 125 species in the first, second and third site, the species that have highs number (Nitzschia, Navicula, Cynbella, Oscillatoria, chlorella, cocconeis, Amphora.Cyclotella), During the period study there are seasonal and site changes is total number of of phytoplankton which ranged about)5218.9 - 267.9 (x 103 cell/cm2. Statistical analysis showed there morale differences between locations and seasons in relation to physical, chemical and biological features also there is an interference between months, there are negative and positive, morale and in morale correlation between phytoplankton and physical, There are negative and positive, morale correlations between phytoplankton and physical, chemical features that measured during study period at probability level of (0.05).

دراسة بيئية ونوعية لمشروع تصفية ماء الكرخ في الطارمية An Ecological And Qualitativ Study for Al - Karkh Drinking Water Plane At Al - Tarmia

اسم المؤلف: احمد توفيق احمد المشهداني
اسم المشرف: رياض عباس عبد الجبار
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: نظرا لما لمياه الشرب من اهمية كبيرة في حياة الانسان وضرورة ان تكون هذه المياه ضمن مواصفات ومعايير خاصة, فضلا عن ظهور العديد من مشاكل تلوث مياه الشرب في مختلف مدن العراق. دعت الحاجة لاجراء هذه الدراسة لبيان مدى صلاحية مياه الشرب المنتجة من مشروع تصفية ماء | Owing to the drinking water of great importance in human life and it is important to be under the specifications and standards, as well as the emergence of many of the problems of contamination of drinking water in various cities of Iraq. Needed to conduct this study to demonstrate the viability of drinking water produced from the project filter water Karkh (which is the largest project the liquidation of water in the Middle East, it is feeds many of the cities of Baghdad, on the side of Karkh) and compare the specifications of Iraq and the global standard for drinking water in order to investigate the potential weaknesses in the project and study the possibility of the development of such large projects as a first step to improving the situation of drinking water in Iraq. So were the tests, physical, chemical and biological common to drinking water in the project and divided into four main stations, namely, (station socket raw water, sedimentation basins secondary sand filters, pumps, distribution of drinking water), including nine stations secondary starting of the month of October - 2010 to July - 2011.The results showed high values of turbidity, and electrical condactivety and pH, and dissolved oxygen, and biological dimond of oxygen, and alkalinity, and total hardness, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, chloride, phosphate, nitrite, silica, fluoride, sodium, potassium, and heavy metals, namely, (iron, copper and cadmium, nickel, lead, chromium and zinc), and the total numbers of bacteria, and total coliform bacteria, the fecal coliform bacteria and E. Coli in drinking water for most of the stations in the Alsta spring and low concentrations in summer and autumn.Values for water temperatures between (4 - 37.5) c, as recorded differences significant between the months of winter and spring, summer and autumn, and the values of brownish discharge ranged between (250 - 0.3) NTU as it showed the differences of the moral high values of turbidity in the winter and fall in the summer and fall in each stage of the treatmant with it, and the values of electrical conductivity was between (520 - 895) Micro Siemens / cm 3. The water Alnehrualcherb in the project was registered as a weak base pH values between (9.7 to 1.7), and it was well ventilated, as the oxygen values were high in the winter months registered clear monthly variation ranging between (5.14 - 2.3) mg / L, either values biologicaldimond of oxygen were values between (4.4 - ND) mg / L and found that basal total stations ranged from every stage of the liquidation potential in increasing concentrations of dissolved oxygen, between (160 - 100) mg / L, and found that drinking water hardness too, as that the values of total hardness ranged between ( - 215 335) mg / L as suited their values directly proportional to both the calcium and magnesium hardness ranging between (197 - 139) and (31.472 - 16.128) mg / L, respectively, while for the values of the chloride ranged between (69 - 25) mg / l, while the fluoride has recorded values ranged between (15 - 0.05) mg / L, with values ranging between sulfate (169.2 - 90) mg / L, free chlorine residual values ranged between (4.18 - 1.1) mg / L, and materials for suspended solids ranged values between (84 - ND) mg / L proven contribution stages of liquidation, all in the rates of removal of different, either TDS fluctuated values between (545 - 315) mg / L, with log Aluminum values ranged between (0.98 - 0.01) mg / L, but for the potassium values ranged between (3.2 - 2.15) mg / L, and sodium values ranging between (6.31 to 3.21) mg / liter.As for the concentrations of heavy metals did not detect any significant concentration of heavy metals measured except for iron ranging between concentrations (9.2 to 8.1) mg / L, so after the industrial plants that contain the droppings of these metals. The nutrient values were recorded between nitrite (0.024 - 0.001) mg / Trosgelt nitrate values between (1.7 - 0.16) mg / l, recorded between ammonia (0.54 - ND) mg / L, placed at either phosphate values ranged between (0.26 - ND) mg phosphorus atom - phosphate / L, while for the values of silica fluctuated between values (5.12 to 5.1) mg atom of silicon - silica / liter. As for the study of signs bacteriological ranged the total numbers of bacteria in air through (24) hours between (555 - 0) × 10 cells / 1 ml, and ranged in numbers for a period of (48) hours between (1186 - 0) 10 × cells / 1 ml, while for the numbers of total coliform bacteria fluctuated between (1700 - 0) cells / 100 liters, and fecal coliform bacteria, they ranged (1100 - 0) cells / 100 ml, and the E.coli bacteria, the numbers fluctuated between (1100 - 0) cells / 100 ml. For to match the drinking waterproduced from the projects liquefaction research found matching the values and concentrations of brownish, and connectivity electrical and pH, and dissolved oxygen, and the requirement is vital for oxygen, and basic college, and chloride, and ten college, and magnesium, nitrite, phosphate, and the total numbers of bacteria, and the numbers of total coliform bacteria, and fecal coliform bacteria and E Coli, and silica with the standard specifications for drinking water the Iraqi and global at all stations.While the study results show non - conformity of calcium concentrations in this study with the standard specifications for drinking water of Iraq and the world.

عزل وتشخيص البكتيريا Bacillus thuringiensis ودراسة تاثيرها في بعض المقاييس الحياتية لذبابة ثمار القرعيات (Diptera : Tephritidae) Dacus ciliatus Isolation And Identification of Bacillus Thuringiensis And Studying Its Effects On Some Biological Parameters For Dacus Ciliatus (Diptera : Tephritidae)

اسم المؤلف: ادريس صالح جليل
اسم المشرف: عدنان نعمة عبد الرضا العزاوي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت هذه الدراسة عزل البكتيريا Bacillus thuringiensis من مصادر بيئية مختلفة في محافظة ديالى وتشخيصها بالطرق الكيموحيويه والوراثية والجزئية، اذ جمعت 51 عينة من ترب مختلفة وهي(زراعية وحديقة وغير زراعية) وكذلك من الماء، من خمسة اقضية في محافظة ديالى (بعقوبة | This study included the isolation of pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis from different environmental sources in Diyala province, diagnosis biochemical and genetic partial ways, Mar 50 samples collected from different soils, namely, (agricultural soils and garden soils and non - agricultural soils) as well as from the water, from five districts in the province of Diyala (Baquba, Khalis, Muqdadiyah, Khanaqin, Balad Ruz) for the period from 1 \ 9 \ 2014 to 20 \ 11 \ 2014. Showed the results of biochemical diagnosis and the presence of four samples and by percent 8% It was of a negative for transplantation bacterial and 46 sample growth by percent 92% It was of a growth positive for transplantation bacterial and found that 41 samples of which by percent 82% belong to the genus Bacillus and the species of Bacillus thuringiensis and the percentage of bacteria isolated of agricultural soils 94% and soils garden 93% and water 75%, and soils non - agricultural 44%. The pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis of positive bacteria a gram dye and spore forming and The most of the natural habitat this bacterium is soil and it is capable of producing the diversified varieties of crystalline proteins with insecticide property. All isolates were tested for this bacteria that which were able growth on the media selective Acetate Sodium Selective and the production of insecticidal crystalline proteins (ICP) When staining by dye Coomassie brilliant blue (CBB) to conduct genetic partial diagnosis using several extraction (Mini gDNA Bacteria kit) processed by Bioneer company was the purity of DNA extracted ranging between (20.1 - 1.22) for all selected isolates, have been diagnosed with the bacteria at the level of genus and species Using the gene 16S rDNA with a molecular weight of 380 base pairs where the results showed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that all isolates contain this gene and the same molecular weight which is 380 base pairs, also was diagnosed isolates containing the gene component crystalline proteins which cry a e molecular weight 200 base pairs using primer a specialist for this gene in polymerase chain reaction showed the results of gene doubled that all isolates contained the gene and the same molecular weight of 200 base pairs. After making sure of pathogenic bacteria as belonging to the genus Bacillus and species Bacillus thuringiensis according to their chemical diagnostics biochemical and diagnostic genetic partial, attended different concentrations They (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) g/L of thebio preparation for these bacteria to study their impact on the different roles of Cucurbits fruit fly Daus ciliatus. Has been tested the effect of different concentrations of bio - preparation of these bacteria isolated from soil and water on the roles of this insect which eggs and larvae and pupa and AdultsThe results of test the effect of bio - preparation of these bacteria on the eggs of age (1 - 2) Since the highest rate of hatchling (3.2) and by (89%) at a concentration of 1 g / l of bio - preparation and lowest hatchling (0.6) and by (19%) at a concentration of 5 g / L of bio - preparation comparison with control (3.2) and by (96%) for the isolated bacteria from soil Since the highest rate of hatchling (3.1) and by (92%) at a concentration 1 g / L of bio - preparation and lowest hatchling (2.1) and by (62%) at a concentration of 5, 4 g / L of bio - preparation comparison with control (3.2) and by (96%) for isolated bacteria from water, and on The last larval phase, The highest the value of the rate of highest (2.0) and by (99%) at a concentration of 5 g / L of bio - preparation and The less the value of the rate of loss (0.5) and by (26%) at 1g / L of bio - preparation concentration compared with the control treatment (0.07) and by (%3) for isolated bacteria from soil.reached its highest value the loss rate (1.2) and by (57%) at a concentration of 5 g / L of bio - preparation and less the value of the loss rate (1.0) and by (6%) at a concentration 1 g / L of bio - preparation comparison with control (0.07) and by (3%) for the bacteria isolated from water and on pupa age(6 - 7) day, reaching the highest rate of emergence of pupa (3.2) and by (92%) at a concentration of 1 g / L of bio - preparation and less the emergence of pupa rate (0.4) and (13%) at a concentration of 5 g /L of bio - preparation comparison with control (3.2) and by 96% for bacteria isolated from soil reaching the top of the emergence of pupa rate (3.1) and by (92%) at a concentration of 1 g / L of bio - preparation and less the emergence of pupa rate (2.1) and by (62%) at a concentration of 5 g / L of bio - preparation comparison with control (3.2) and by (96%) for bacteria isolated from water. and on kill adult, The highest killing rate for males (1.6) and by (32%) and females (1.5) and (30%) at a concentration of 5 g / l of bio - preparation and less killing of the male rate (0.5) and (10%) and females (0.4) and by (13%), comparison with control males (0.1) and by (2%) and females (0.1) and by (2%) for the isolated bacteria from soil. The highest kill the male rate (0.8) and by (32%) and females (0.7) and (30%) at a concentration of 5 g / L of bio - preparation, and less killing of the male rate (0.2) and (4%) and females (0.4) and by (13%) at a concentration of 1 g / L of bio - preparation comparison with control males (0.1) and by (2%) and females (0.1) and by (2%)for the isolated bacteria from water and one female productivity of egg reached its highest production rate eggs 84.5 eggs per female at a concentration of 1 g / L of bio - preparation, and less egg production rate of 54.5 eggs per female at a concentration of 5 g / L of bio - preparation comparison with control eggs productivity rate of 87.5 egg female for isolated bacteria from soil reaching its highest egg production rate (85%) eggs per female at a concentration of 1 g / L of bio - preparation, and less egg production rate (79.5%) eggs per female at a concentration of 5 g / L of bio - preparation, compared with treatment control productivity rate of whites (85.5%) eggs per female for isolated bacteria from the water

تقييم فعالية مستخلصات مستنبت القمح Triticum aestivum في بعض الانواع البكتيرية المسببة لاخماج مختلفة Evaluation The Activity of Germinated Wheat Extractions Triticum Aestivum on Some Bacterial Species That Cause Different Infections

اسم المؤلف: اسماء عيسى محمود
اسم المشرف: رشيد حميد حسن
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The study had included isolation and diagnosis of three hundred samples for both sexes their ages were between (1 - 60) years of the inpatients and outpatients in Tikrit Teaching Hospital and General Samarraa Hospital during the period from 1/9 / 2011 to 1/3/2012. The infections were distributed among the burns infections, the wounds, urinary tract infections (UTI) and female genital tract infections (High vagina). This study clarified that (192) sample from the total samples showed bacterial growth in percentage 64%. The results of this study indicated to the proportion 58% with (UTI) by (87) bacterial isolation were produced from (150) isolation. The percentage of burns infections were 81.81% from (55) sample which distributed among the first, second and third class burns. The burns of second and third class gave bacterial growth in a proportion 100% while the first class burns gave 64.28%. Concerning the wounds infections, bacterial growth was 62.9% from (62) sample. The infections proportion of (H.V) was 63.63% from (33) sample. The results of the current study showed that the infections in females were higher that in males with respect to (UTI), while there was not considered difference between the males and females about the burns and wounds infections. Differently, the (H.V) infections were just for the females in the ages between (18 - 45). It was clear according to the results of diagnosis that Escherichia coli had the highest proportion of isolations 25.52% from the total isolates followed by Staphylococcus aureus 18.23% Pseudomonas aeruginosa 15.63%, both Klebsiella pneumoniae and Proteus miribilis 10.42% Staphylococcus epidermidis 4.69% Citrobacter freundii 4.17%, Staphylococcus saprophyticus 3.64% both Serratia marcescens and Enterococcus faecalis 2.6%, Streptococcus pyogenes 1.56% and Staphylococcus intermedius had the least percentage 0.5% by one from (192) isolate. The sensitivity of these isolates was tested by (10) antibiotic which included quinolones, aminoglycosides, beta - lactams and tetracyclines antibiotics. Among these antibiotics imipenem and ciprofloxacin were more effective, while the other antibiotics were different either active or not active at all.The wheat germinating was used in this study with the ages (36 - 48) hour and its activity was tested by using some bacterial kinds. After completing several quantitative and qualitative tests on this germinating, the carbohydrates proportion was between 67 - 70%, the protein proportion by folin method was between 10 - 8%, the lipids proportion was 1.5%.Some mineral elements in germinated wheat were estimated which include Calcium, Iron, Magnesium, Potassium, Copper, Manganese, Zinc, Selenium, and Sodium element, active materials were also estimated in the wheat germinating extracts which had inhibitory effect on the microbiology. It was clear by the tests that the germinating contains a lot of Phenolic compounds, Terpeniods, glycosides and steroids. These materials were extracted by using some extracts included the cold water extracts and hot water extracts, alcoholic extracts (ethanol and methanol) and phenolic extract. All the extracts prepared in concentrations (25, 50, 100, 200) mg/ ml. This study showed that the phenolic extract had high effect on the bacterial kinds in comparison with the methanolic and ethanolic extracts at (200) mg/ ml concentration while the cold water extract had less effect on these bacterial isolates in comparison with the above extracts, finally the hot water extract had no inhibitory effect against any isolated bacterial type with all the concentrations. The inhibitory action of these extracts was compared with some antibiotics as a control sample. These antibiotics represents different groups of antibiotics and which contained Imipenem, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamicin, Ceftazidime in addition to Augmentin.In this study the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the fenolic, alcoholic and watery extracts was determined and the concentration was different according to the extract type, the bacterial type and the isolation site.

التحري عن مؤشرات وراثية وفسلجية لتحمل الجفاف لصنفين من الحنطة Triticum aestivum L. Investigation of Genetic And Physiological Markers for Drought Tolerance of Two Cultivars of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L)

اسم المؤلف: اشواق ابراهيم بشير العبيدي
اسم المشرف: شاكر مهدي صالح عقيل حسين العاصي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تم في هذه الدراسة البحث عن امكانية ايجاد مؤشرات وراثية ترتبط بمؤشرات فسلجية وذلك من خلال الدراسة على مستويين : ا - المستوى الفسلجي : زراعة صنفين من الحنطة الناعمةL Triticum aestivum في حقول كلية الزراعة/ جامعة تكريت لموسم النمو 2010 - 2011، وذلك بزراعة بذو | This study was conducted to investigate a genetic marker linked to physiological marker through a design an outdoor experiment which includes two parts : - 1 - Physiological part : Included planting two cultivars of soft wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the fields of the college of Agriculture, university of Tikrit, during growth season (2010 - 2011). The stage of work had been done by cultivated the seeds of two cultivars of wheat (Sham - 6, Abu - Ghraib) in pots, when they reached the stage of (4 - 5) leaves it had been exposed to two dryness periods 7 and 10 days. It spread with growth regulator Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) (150 ppm) to know which type is more resistance for dryness through estimation of proline concentration as a physiological marker and to indicate the effect of IAA to reduce the dryness effect in some features of growth physiological function and yield component according to complete Randomize Design (CRD). Some markers of drought tolerance have been estimated including : proline content, chlorophyll concentration and the degree of membrane stability then plants were left for harvesting period. The results of the outdoor experiment were : 1 - Exposure the plants to dehydration periods during their growth caused reducing of the most studied characters (leaf area, plant height, tillers number, concentration of chlorophyll A and B and the total chlorophyll), while there was an increase in the content of the proline and the injury index of plasma membrane. 2 - Some characteristic did not showed effect by drought periods (dry weight of plant, number of days of flowering, spikes number, spike length, number of grains/ spike and weight of 1000 grains).3 - Sham - 6 cultivar was superior than Abu Ghraib - 3 in three characteristic (number of days of flowering, leaf area, weight of 1000 grains), while Abu Ghraib - 3 cultivar was superior in the grains number /spike than sham - 6 cultivar.4 - The concentration of IAA (150 ppm) had a different effect. It had a positive effect in the decrease drought for some characteristic (proline content, injury index of plasma membrane, leaf area, plant height, dry weight, spike number and grains yield).2 - Genetic part : DNA has been isolated from fresh leaves of two types of wheat, arrange yields of DNA were in the range of (40 - 150) micro gram per 1.5 gram of plant leaves, and the purity ranged between (1.2 - 1.7). The reaction PCR was done by using 11 primer of the Random Amplified Polymorphism DNA (RAPD) in addition to two pair of specific primer to detect the genes which are responsible for coding of two enzymes which involved in anabolism and catabolism of proline. The results obtained are as follows : - 1 - Five primer of RAPD did not appear any binding site (OPA - 18, OPL - 20, OPA - 11, OPQ - 17 and OPH - 14).2 - Six primer of RAPD have appeared main and monomorphic bands (OPO - 16, OPH - 07, OPN - 16, OPM - 20, OPJ - 13 and OPQ - 06), in addition to the absent of the other bands from some treatments. 3 - The two pair of specific primer have given three monomorphic bands with different molecules weight.4 - The primer (OPH - 07) has appeared a unique band with molecular weight (1670) pb for Sham - 6 cultivar during second drought period (10 days without hormone). These results obtained from this study were identical with physiological part in the ability of both types to drought tolerance

وظائف الغدة الدرقية وبروتين C التفاعلي لدى مرضى العجز الكلوي المزمن المستمرين على الديلزة الدموية ومرضى الزرع الكلوي Thyroid Functions And C - Reactive Protein In Chronic Renal Failure Patients On Hemodialysis And Kidney Transplantation

اسم المؤلف: احمد جاسم محمد المشهداني
اسم المشرف: نبيل خالد محمد علي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الفسلجة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعاني مرضى الغسيل الدموي من امراض مزمنة يعتقد بانها لاتطال الغدة الدرقية, ولتقييم ذلك من خلال كل من الاداء الوظيفي الكلوي والدرقي لدى مرضى الفشل الكلوي المزمن والزرع الكلوي تم : - 1) قياس مستويات اليوريا والكرياتنين والفسفور وبروتين C التفاعلي, الكالسيوم | Patients on regular hemodialysis suffer from a chronic illness that is believed not to involve the thyroid gland. In this study, we evaluated the thyroid and kidney functions in Patients with end - stage renal disease and transplantation from : - 1) measurment levels of urea, creatinine, phosphorus, and C - reactive protein, calcium and albumin in patients and compared control. 2) measurment levels of thyroid hormones fT4, fT3 addition to thyroid stimulating - hormone TSH in the blood serum of patients and compared control. This study was conducted in Baquba teaching Hospital /Department of dialysis, the period from November.1st. 2013 to April.1st. 2014, from which to collect 80 blood samples, 40 samples hemodialysis Patients including (26 males, 14 females), 40 person Renal or kidney transplant Patients (32 males, 8 females) do not suffer from thyroid disease, compared with 40 blood samples for healthy people(control) (32 males, 8 females), within the age range of (20 - 70 years).. The Results of the study revealed a significant increase of probability (p<0.001) in levels of urea, creatinine and phosphorus in hemodialysis patients compared to control (21.932 ±1.072, 4.766 ± 0.122 mmol/L) (413.400 ±29.109, 62.375± 1.142 umol/L) (5.397 ±0.370, 3.875 ± 0.127 mg/dl) respectively. the results also indicate revealed a rise in the concentration of acute phase protein (C - reactive protein) by (50%) in hemodialysis patients, which reflected negatively increase the mortality rate in these patients, and low in glomerular filtration rate in hemodialysis patients compared to control (16.152±1.395, 126.325 ±2.020 ml/min) respectively. while still this significant difference in these levels with the exception of urea and glomerular filtration rate, which continued at the same level in renal transplant patients. The results indicated the presence of a significant decrease of probability (p<0.001) in the levels of calcium and albumin in hemodialysis patients compared to the control (7.857± 0.266, 9.058 ± 0.063 mg/dl) (3.333±0.156, 4.146 ± 0.108 g/dl) respectively. This decrease to become less significant in renal transplantation patients (P<0.01). The Thyroid hormone levels were the results of the statistical analysis show a significant decrease of probability (P <0.001) in Thyroid hormone levels Free triiodothyronine in hemodialysis and kidney transplant patients as compared to the control (3.233±0.151, 4.519 ± 0.100, 5.191 ± 0.137 pmol/l) respectively. While Free Thyroxine levels did not show a significant difference at the hemodialysis group compared to control , while the renal transplant group the results indicated the presence of a significant increase of probability (P <0.01) in hormone levels as compared to control amounted to (16.400 ± 0.778, 14.671± 0.401 pmol/l ) respectively. did not significant affected variations of the thyroid - stimulating hormone among the two groups of patients compared to the control. Notes from the above results presence decrease in thyroid hormone levels Free triiodothyronine fT3 in patients with hemodialysis and kidney transplant.

دراسة تاثير مستخلصات نباتي القرنفل والخروع على نمو بعض الفطريات المنتجة لانزيم البروتييز والمسببة لالتهاب الاذن الخارجية Study Effect of Syzigium Aromaticum And Ricinus Communis Extracts on Growth of Some Fungi That Produce Protease And Cause Otitis Externa

اسم المؤلف: بتول عمران ذيب
اسم المشرف: خليل ابراهيم بندر النعيمي ذكرى احمد حمادة
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الاحياء المجهرية - الفطريات
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ضمنت الدراسة عزل وتشخيص الفطريات من الاذن الخارجية في مستشفى تكريت التعليمي - وحدة الاذن والانف والحنجرة والعيادات الخاصة في مدينة تكريت, خلال الاشهر تموز, اب وايلول 2008. جمعت 100 مسحة اذنية من المرضى المشخصة اصابتهم بالتهاب الاذن الخارجية الفطري من قبل | The study was included isolation and identification of fungi from the external ear in Tikrit teaching hospital, the unit of Ear, Nose, and throat (E.N.T.) and Privete clinics in the city of Tikrit during the months July, august, and September2008. 100 ear swabs were collected from the patiants whose diagnosed by Otologists with Otomycosis, and 50 ear swaps were collected from healthy persons in the same city and period time, These samples were examined by dierect microscopic examination treated with KOH 10% with hot flame to ensure the fungal infections, and Culturing on Sabouraud, s Dextrose Agar was done for isolation and identification of types of fungi which responseple for infection, The result of direct microscopic examination and culture showed that 76(76%) were positive for fungi, 64 were positive by direct microscopic examination and culture, and 12 posative in culture only. The most common fungi isolated from patient were Aspergillus Spp.36). (%22 followed by Candida Spp. (%67. 10), Trichophyton Spp(%6.5) , and Penicillium spp. (%3.94%), Aspergills niger appeared as the predominant fungi (%84. 36) followed by Aspergillus flavus (%36. 22), Candida albicans (42. 18%), Aspergills terrous (7.89%) , Candida kruzi, Penicillium spp (3.94%), Trichophyton mentagrophyte, Trichophyton verrucosum (63. 2%) and Trichophyton scheonlieni (%1.31), and no fungi were isolate from the healthy person. Higher percentage of fungi infection were recorded in female 46(60.52%) than male 30(39.47%). and the higher percentage for fungal infection was recorded in the age group (31 - 40) with percentage (23.68%). fungal ear infection was recorded with highest percentage in right ear 47 (61.84%), and for the left ear 29 (38.15%). and high rate of infection was recorded in august (73.69%), Higher percentage of infection was recorded in patient house wives (52.36%), the itching was the most commen symptom , The most habits used to clean the ear by dearty body (51.31%), Ahigher percentage (76.4%) recorded in non educated persons. The results of active ingredients test for Syzigium aromaticum and Ricinus communis revealed that clove dry flower buds contain Flavonoides, Glycosides, Tannins, Volatile oils, Terpenes, Resins, and Phenols, while castor leaves contain Flavonoids, Tannins, Volatile oils, Terpenes, Resins, Saponins and Phenols, pH of clove bud 4.3 and pH of castor leaves 5.8. Aqueous and alcoholic extracts were Prepeared, which belongs to Syzigium aromaticum and Ricinus communis under the study, commercial oil for clove and seed castor were used in the study, the effects of inhibition of Aqueous and Alcoholic extracts and commercial oil had been studied on the growth and protease production on the three fungi which were showed the high ratio appeared among the isolation sample under the study with 5 concentration 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 (mg /ml), and the affected rate of these extracts and oils under the study on fungi were varied. The relation between Aqueous extract of clove bud and fungi growing was increasing relation, While Alcoholic Extract and commercial oil showed preference in the inhibition of the isolated fungi grown while its effect on Candida albicans was increase with increase the concentration, The effect of aqueous and Alcoholic Extract of castor leaves on Moulds showed reverse effect. on the other hand the commercial oil effect was slight effect, and both extracts did not showed effect on the Candida albicans as well as the Commercial oil.When adding Clove Extracts and Commercial oil and in all concentrations dose not gave any production of the Protease enzyme in the solid media, whereas the extracts of castor leaves and commercial oil were showed effects on the production of Protease enzyme, and Aspergills niger was more effected and these extracts did not showed an effect on the Candida albicans.Aqueous and Alcoholic extract and commercial oil to the Clove revealed higher influence rate than the effect of the Castor leaves extract , and in a different rate

تحديد تعبير الجين المتحمل للملوحة TaGSK1 في عدد من اصناف الحنـطـة Determination of Gene Expression of Salt Tolerant Gene Tagsk1 In Wheat Cultivars

اسم المؤلف: ايمان نعمان اسماعيل
اسم المشرف: نورية عبد الحسين علي مجيد ارشيد سباح
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: نفذت الدراسة الحالية في مركز بحوث التقنيات الاحيائية/ جامعة النهرين للمدة 2011 - 2012 لغرض الكشف عن جين الملوحة TaGSK1 ودراسة التعبير الجيني له في صنفين من الحنطة فرات ودجلة والتركيب الوراثي 2H المنتخبة لصفة تحمل الملوحة مقارنة مع الصنف تموز2 الحساس للملو | This study was conducted in biotechnology research center, Al - Nahrain university in 2011 - 2012 to detect the gene responsible for salt tolerant (TaGSKI) and study its expression in two wheat (Tigris and Euphrates) cultivars and the genotype (2H) were selected for salt tolerance through improvement and breeding programs as compared with to the sensitive local wheat cultivar (Tamooze 2). Seeds of the these cultivars were sown in flasks that contained Ms media in three salt levels (0, 15, 25) ds/m with three replication for each. Five seeds from each cultivars were sown in each replicate. After 10 - 15 days from the sowing, the percentage of germination was estimated, and samples of leaves were collected for RNA extraction and then changed to the cDNA. B - actin gene that consider endogenous control and salt tolerant gene TaGSK1 were amplificated by using PCR technique to discover the gene and by QPCR to estimate gene expression by determine the CT (Cycle Threshold) value for B - actin and TaGSK1 genes in wheat plants of the studying cultivars. Number of DNA dilutions of 189bp molecular weight that extracted from agarose gel were used to determing CT value for each dilution. Standard curves were drawn to find out value of PCR Efficiency which was used for gene expression for the salt tolerant gene TaGSK1.The results of germination percentage (%) showed that there were high differences between the two salt tolerant cultivars (Tigris and Euphrates) and 2H genotype and local cultivar (Tamooze 2). Euphrates cultivar gave 100% germination percentage, and the Tigris cultivar and 2H genotype gave 89, 86% germination percentage respectively at 25ds/m. whilst the local cultivar gave zero germination percentage at the same level of salinity. At 15ds/m level, also the Euphrates cultivar gave 100% germination percentage while the Tigris cultivar and 2H genotype gave 96, 94% germination percentage respectively as compared to Tamooze cultivar that gave 13% germination percentage. All the cultivars have 100% germination percentage at 0.0ds/m level. The conclusion of this result is the two cultivars (Tigris and Euphrates) and 2H genotype more salt tolerance than local cultivar at this growth stage which more salt sensitive than others growth stages. The results of PCR reaction were also indicated that Tigris and Euphrates cultivars and 2H genotype have salt tolerant gene TaGSK1, while this gene did not exist in the local cultivar. There were two bands of TaGSK1 gene that have 189bp and 404bp molecular weight in the Tigris and Euphrates cultivar and the genotype 2H, while the local cultivars have only one band that have 404bp molecular weight. These results were indicated that 189bp molecular weight of this gene is responsible for salt tolerance character in these cultivars.The results of QPCR reaction also were revealed that there is difference between the cultivars in their gene expression. Tigris and Euphrates cultivars and 2H genotype gave the highest gene expression at 15ds/m and increased at 25ds/m as compared to 0.0ds/m. At the second level 15ds/m the gene expression of the two cultivars and genotype was 0.8682, 0.8190 and 0.8688 respectively, and at the third level 25ds/m was 1.656, 1.3176 and 1.2665 respectively, while at the first level 0.0ds/m was less than the other 15, 25 ds/m as compared to local cultivar that the gene salt tolerant (TaGSK1) have no gene expression at the same salt levels. This result indicated that the local cultivar does not have salt tolerant gene TaGSK1. From these results we can revealed that TaGSK1 gene was found in the Tigris and Euphrates cultivars and 2H genotype, and this gene can be considered from high salt tolerant gene, because it gave the highest gene expression at the highest salt level 25ds/m. Therefore this gene help the plant to tolerate salt stress and grow very well. The results also showed that the two salt tolerant cultivars (Tigris and Euphrates) and the salt tolerant genotype (2H) proximately have the same salt tolerance degree, so they have proximately the same gene expression as compared to salt sensitive local cultivar which have no salt tolerant gene TaGSK1. This gene is good indicator for salt tolerance at high salinity levels 15, 25 ds/m in these cultivars and genotype.

التاثيرات المرضية النسجية لعقار ليفيتيراسيتام في التكوين الجنيني لكلى اجنة ومواليد وحوامل الجرذ الابيضAlbino rats (Rattus rattus) Histopathological Effect of Levetiracetam Drug On The Kidney Development In Rats Embryo, Newborns And Pregnant Albino Rat (Rattus Rattus)

اسم المؤلف: لمياء هادي محمد الابراهيمي
اسم المشرف: نهلة عبد الرضا البكري
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الاجنة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: الصرع هو حالة مزمنة تتميز بنوبات متكررة دون سابق انذار، سببها خلل في نقل الاشارات الكهربائية داخل الدماغ، وعقار Levetiracetam (LEV) من العقاقير المضادة للصرع، ذو خصائص دوائية ملائمة وتظهر فعاليته في تحسين السيطرة على النوبات، ويكون امتصاصه في البلازما سري | Epilepsy is a condition characterized by recurrent abrupt seizures episodes caused by the defect in the transmission of electrical signals to the brain. LEV is one of antiepileptic drugs which has appropriate pharmacological properties and show its effectiveness in improving the control of the epileptic seizers, its rapid absorbance, and its excretion through the kidneys by glomerular filtration and it is re - absorption into the tubular portion.Kidney arise from intermediate mesoderm and it consists of three execratory organs in all vertebrates : pronephros which is transient and present in all vertebrates, mesonephros which also present in all vertebrates embryos and their activity depends upon the type of embryo, and metanephros which is the functional kidney during life after the embryogenesis in reptiles, birds and mammals. The first signals for kidney initiation in albino rat embryo take place in the 10th days of pregnancy. The current study is designed to demonstrate the effect of LEV (350 mg/kg/day) on the kidney development of Albino rat fetus from the age of 8 - 18 days of pregnancy and its effect on the kidneys of the 3 and 7 days aged newborns. In addition to its effect on pregnant rat kidneys treated with the drug for 17 days. Hundred pregnant Albino rat (Rattus rattus) are enrolled in this study, classified blindly to 50 control and 50 pregnant rats are orally treated with LEV (350 mg/kg/day). The histological results of the current study revealed that there is no effect on embryonic kidney in fetuses aged 9 days of pregnancy, whereas, the pronephros of the fetuses aged 10 days shows death of the cells in comparison to control group. Moreover, the kidney of the 11th aged fetuses showed degeneration of the mesonephric duct represented by decrease cellular mass, death and hypertrophy of some cells comparing to the cells of control group. Concerning the kidney of the 12th aged fetuses and subsequent days, there is degeneration of the epithelial cells of the metanephros duct, their detachment from the basement membrane and their congestion in comparison to the cells of the control group. The kidney of the 13th aged fetuses showed swelling, damage for some of the epithelial cells of the glomerulus and collecting tubules, accumulation and shrinkage of glomerular cells, damage, death, and detachment of some collecting tubules cells demonstrated in the 14th aged fetuses. There enlargement of capsular space in addition to the most previous defects was seen in the 15th aged fetuses in comparison to the control group. Most of the previous defects are seen in the 16th, 17th and 18th age fetuses. Scanning electron microscope revealed nuclear enlargement of the podocytes found in the visceral layer of the renal corpuscle of the 16th aged fetuses (mean diameter 64.6 µm compare to 39.2 µm of the control group). Regarding the kidney of 3rd and 7th aged newborns, the histological defects seen in the latest aged fetuses was also seen and there was statistically significant differences (p?0.05) between the diameters mean of the glomerulus of the 3rd and 7th aged newborn. Whereas, there was no significant difference in the diameter of the kidney tubules of 3rd but there was significant difference of the 7th aged newborn. Regarding the kidney of the 17th day treated pregnant rat, there was enlargement of the capsular space caused by accumulation, and degeneration of glomerular cells characterized by loss of the nucleus, shrinkage of the glomeruli, and atrophy of most of them. Loss of the nucleus and detachment of the cells, and swelling of most of the collecting tubules. There was a statistically significant difference between the diameter of the kidney tubules of the pregnant rat and the control group. In conclusion, LEV had histological effect on the kidney of the 10 - 18 aged fetuses and on 3, 7 days aged newborns in addition to its effect on the kidney of the pregnant female treated with the drug for 17 days.

دراسة العوامل الوراثية والخلوية والتوصيف الجزيئي لاصناف الحنطة المزروعة في محافظة النجف باستخدام مؤشرات التتابعات البسيطة المتكررة SSR Studying The Genetic And Cellular Factors And Molecular Characterization of Wheat Varieties Cultivars In The Province of Najaf By Using Simple Sequences Repeat Ssr Markers

اسم المؤلف: صبا عبد المطلب المدني
اسم المشرف: ميثم عبد الهادي السوداني سلوى جابر العوادي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ضمن البحث دراسة عشرة اصناف من الحنطة الناعمة (حنطة الخبز) Triticum aestivum L. من الاصناف العراقية والمدخلة الى البلد من قبل وزارة الزراعة العراقية والمزروعة في محافظة النجف وهي : الشام6 , ابوغريب, تموز2, تموز3, العراق, النور, اللطيفية, اباء 99, الرشيد, و| The study included studying ten cultivars of soft wheat (wheat bread) of several types the Iraqi, foreign and imported types into the country by the Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture and cultivated in the province of Najaf, they are : Sham 4, Abu Ghraib, Tamoz 2, Tamoz 3, Iraq, Alnoor, Latifiya, Ebaa 99, Rasheed and Alforat to study the genetic stability using cytological studies. Cultivars were grown in Petri dishes and pots for the cytological studies that included studying the number of chromosomes in the somatic cells at the root tips and the chromosomal behavior during meiosis of the mega spores of the Pollen Mother Cells (PMCs). The cytological studies regarding the number of somatic chromosomes in the meristematic cells of the root tip revealed that they were in genetic stability regarding the level of chromosomal number and in a state of Eupliod in all the investigated cultivars. They also showed that the chromosomal behaviors during meiosis of the pollen mother cell (PMCs) was bivalent representing organized chromosomal behavior in the investigated cells which is regarded as an indicator and a proof of genetic stability of the studied cultivars. During the study, the genetic cultivars, using 15 primers of simple sequence repeat (SSR), gave all polymorphic between the cultivars and produced polymorphic 39 alleles at average of 2.6 for each locus, showed the genetic adendrogram of ten cultivars was performed by two groups in which the percentage of similarity between them was 75% as the results showed that the closest cultivars to each other were Tamoz 2 and Ebaa 99 which is the same genetic dimension between Tamoz 3 and Ebaa 99 reached 0.107 and by the similarity 89%, while the two cultivars alsham4 and Al - Rasheed were divergent (0.333) with 67% similarity.

تشخيص المسببات البكتيرية والفايروسية لخمج الاغشية السحائية في مدينة الموصل Detection of Bacterial And Viral Causes of Meningitis in Mosul

اسم المؤلف: قاسم مصطفى خالد
اسم المشرف: علي صالح حسين الجبوري اميرة محمود محمد الراوي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة اجراء عدد من الاختبارات العيانية والكيميائية على عينات سائل النخاع الشوكي (CSF) cerebrospinal fluid البالغة 152 عينة والتي جمعت من الاطفال الراقدين في مستشفى الخنساء التعليمي ومستشفى ابن الاثير التعليمي في مدينة الموصل لحديثي الولادة لغاية 1 | This study includes performing of macroscopical and chemical and Microbial tests on 152 samples of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) collected from hospitalized children in Al - khansaa and Ibn - Al - Atheer teaching hospitals in Mosul city with ages ranged from newbornn to 12 years old. Suspected to be infected with meningitis during the interval from August 2009 till April 2010.The results showed that 46.1% of samples were normal with respect to colour and appearance as well as variations in the levels of the three variables including glucose, protein and total cell count with differential cells in the studied samples.The study also included isolation and identification of gram positive and negative bacteria, morphological, cultural and biochemical tests and API were done depending on identification of the isolated bacteria.Many types of isolated gram positive bacteria belonged to the two genera staphylococcus and streptococcus; the results revealed that S.aureus was the more predominant within gram positive causes. Well as many types of gram negative bacteria were isolated represented with Klebsiella pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae, Acinetobacter spp. E.coli and Neisseria meningitidis with different percentages with dominance of K.pneumonia and H.influenzae.The study also included screening of some viral causes of meningitis from (35) CSF samples which gave negative culture results by using qualitative Enzyme immunoassays technique using Minividas apparatus.The results showed positive results with 14.2% for two types of virus including Herpes simplex virus (HSV) and Cytomegalo virus (CMV).The study indicated that males were more compared with Females with 55.9% and 44.1% to males and females respectively and highest infection rate occurred in 1 day - 2 years old.Statistical analysis showed the presence of significant correlation between sex, age and the three varieties glucose, protein and total cell count the results showed there is no significant differences between the studied factors.The study also includes sensitivity for some antibiotics, the results showed that gram positive bacteria were the more sensitive to Vancomycin and Cefatriaxone as well as Clindamycin while gram negative bacteria showed sensitivity and resistance percentages of bacteria in general were varied to other antibiotics under study.

دراسة تاثيرات سم الزيرالينون في حبوب الذرة الصفراء والحنطة على بعض المعايير الحيوية لدى اناث الجرذ الابيض وامكانية المعالجة الحيوية للحد من تلك التاثيرات Study The Effects of Zearalenone Toxin In Maize And Wheat Grain On Some Vital Parameter Among Female White Rat And The Possibility of Biological Treatment To Reduce These Effects

اسم المؤلف: محمد فخري حسين الخفاجي
اسم المشرف: سامي عبد الرضا علي الجميلي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - السموم
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة كربلاء - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: كربلاء
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت هذه الدراسة الى التحري عن سم الزيرالينون في حبوب الذرة الصفراء (Zea mays) والحنطة(Triticum aestivum) في محافظتي كربلاء وبابل واختبار فاعلية المستحضر الحيوي لبكتريا subtilis Bacillus في حماية حبوب الذرة الصفراء والحنطة من الاصابة بالفطر Fusarium grami | This study aimed to investigate Zearalenone toxin in yellow corn (Zea mays), wheat (Triticum aestivum) in the provinces of Kerbala, Babil and test the effectiveness of the vital preparation for bacteria Bacillus subtilis in the protection of maize and wheat grain from getting the fungus Fusarium graminearum under normal storage conditions. Moreover been conducting a study on the possibility of employing the vaccine bacteria B. subtilis after her killing in thermally protect vital systems for female white rat poison from the effects Zearalenone toxic.Isolation and diagnosis results showed the presence of many different races and fungal species and was the most presence in maize and wheat grain genus Aspergillus spp. and Fusarium spp. Emergence rates reached 58% and 33.3% respectively in maize grain and by 66.6% and 25% respectively in the grain of wheat. The test demonstrated the ability isolates fungus Fusarium spp. results To produce Zearalenone toxin using technology (TLC) Thin Layer Chromatography having 10 isolates that produce the poison out of 12 isolation or by 83.3%. On the other hand diagnosed fungal species F. graminearum and F. moniliform and F. culmorum as productive poison Zearalenone while isolation F.napiform were not able to produce the toxin. The results of the investigation of contamination of samples of yellow corn and wheat Zearalenone using technology TLC presence of contamination and the two rates stood at 41.6% in maize and 25% in wheat grain cereals The results of the study of the effect of pH and sodium chloride in the growth of fungus F. graminearum that this fungus can grow a wide range of pH and ranges from 12 - 6 as well as afford salt levels ranging between 1 - 4 PPT Per 100 ml. This study demonstrated the effectiveness of the vital preparation for the bacteria B. subtilis in the protection of maize and wheat grain from injury F. graminearum under normal storage conditions for a period of three months, not the effectiveness of these bacteria to protect maize and wheat grain in the normal storage conditions are limited but had a distinct role in the protection of critical systems to female white rat when treated those animals vaccinated with bacteria murdered thermally followed congection Zearalenone toxin as any symptoms in some biochemical and physiological blood parameter studied as well as the safety of the investigated organs such as the liver, kidney, Small intestine, ovary and uterus of any medical condition did not appear at a time appeared in which variations in satisfying those criteria have studied female albino rat treatment Zearalenone toxin only.

استجابة نبات السلق (Beta vulgaris var. cilca L.) للشد الملحي وحامضي البرولين والجبرلين Response of Chard Plant (Beta Vulgaris Var. Cilca L.) To Salt Stress, Proline And Gibberellic Acids

اسم المؤلف: حيدر عبد الامير مظهور
اسم المشرف: انتصار حسين مهدي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: نفذت التجربة في الموسم الشتوي للعام (2012 - 2013) م في احد الحقول التابعة لناحية الحر في محافظة كربلاء, لمعرفة استجابة نبات السلق للشد الملحي والرش بحامضي البرولين والجبرلين والتداخل بينهما في بعض الصفات الكمية والنوعية لبعض الاجزاء الخضرية والتكاثرية (ا | An experiment was conducted in the winter season of the year (2012 - 2013) in a private Al - Hur district in Karbala governorate, to find out chard plant response to salt stress, proline and gibberellic acids and their interaction on some quantity and quality characteristics to some parts of vegetative and reproductive (leaves, flowers and seeds) to chard plant (Beta vulgaris var. cilca L.).The design of the experiment was randomized complete blocks (RCBD) in a factorial arrangement with three replicate. The first factor was four levels of saline water (0(River water), 2, 4 and 6) ds. m - 1 and the second factor was seven concentration of proline acid (PA) and gibberellic acid (GA3) (0(River water), 50PA, 100PA, 150PA, 50GA3, 100GA3 and 150GA3) mg. L - 1. Means were compared by using averages revised least significant difference (RLSD) at 0.05 probability level when the treatments referred to significant effect. The results showed : 1 - The negative effect of salinity levels on the qualities of the vegetative plant chard before flowering stage with the except of the dry weight of the root system, which had increased significantly with the level of salinity 2 ds. m - 1.2 - The negative impact of salinity levels in vegetative qualities of chard plant after flowering except root length, leaves chlorophyll content (a, b and total), nitrogen%, protein% and proline which increased with the level of salinity 2 ds. m - 1. as well as the potassium% in leaves with a salinity level 4 ds. m - 1 and dry weight of shoots with all levels of salinity and especially 6 ds. m - 1.3 - Gibberellic acid was dominant on proline acid in terms of chard plant by 150 mg. L - 1 concentration before flowering and 50 mg. L - 1. concentration after flowering while proline acid was dominant on gibberellic acid in dry weight before flowering and root dry weight of shoots after flowering, by 50 mg. L - 1 and potassium% in leaves and the protein% with 100 mg. L - 1 concentration.4 - The interaction between the salinity levels and acids concentrations add showed a significant difference in most of the traits of the plant, especially in combinations consisting of level 2 ds. m - 1 or comparison of saline with gibberellic acid by 150 mg. L - 1 before flowering and 50 or 100 mg. L - 1 after flowering while gave a combination of salinity level 4 ds. m - 1 with concentration of proline acid 100 mg. L - 1 higher of potassium% in leaves

دراسة بيئة وتنوع الهائمات الحيوانية في نهر الغراف واسط - العراق Ecology And Diversity Study of Zooplankton In Al - Gharraf River Wasit - Iraq

اسم المؤلف: رشا موحان سلمان
اسم المشرف: جميل سعد السراي مهند رمزي نشات
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة واسط - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: جريت دراسة بيئية للهائمات الحيوانية في نهر الغراف, وموقعه في الجزء الجنوبي الشرقي من العراق, تحيط به مساحات شاسعة وخصبة من الاراضي الزراعية. هدفت الدراسة الى التنوع الاحيائي للهائمات الحيوانية, من خلال قيم بعض ادلة التنوع الاحيائي, وكذلك دراسة تاثيربعض ال | An ecological study of zooplankton was carried out on the Al - Gharraf River, that located in the south eastern sector of Iraq and surrounded by vast and agricultural land to the aim of this study are biodiversity of zooplankton by through some of biodiversity index values of some physical and chemical characteristics of water on the biodiversity and abundance of Al - Gharraf zooplankton. The samples of the study have been collected monthly for the period from August 2014 untill July 2015 at three selected stations in the river; Station one is located at 500 m of the AL - KUT Dam. The second is situated at a distance of 15 Km away from the station one at (Kut - Muwafaqiya) and the latter station is located at 18 Km apart from the second one upon entering the river to Muwafaqiya The study was achieved by measurement of some physical and chemical properties of water were analyzed the parameters studied included Air temperature (11 to 38.6) ?C, water temperature (12.1 to 29.1) ?C, pH (7.2 to 7.9), EC (490 to 1860) µS/cm, Salinity (0.31 to 1.19) ‰, DO (5 to 9.1) mg/L, BOD5 (0.2 to 7.1) mg/L, Turbidity (4.69 to 74) NTU, TDS (0.26 to 0.99) g/L, TSS (0.005 to 5.9) mg/L, TH (388 to 520) mg/L, Ca+2 (100.2 to 180.36) mg/L, Mg+2 (3.69 to 52.07) mg/L and NO3 - 2 (0.034 to 3.58) mg/L and PO4 - 2 (0.011 to 1. 25) mg/L., Bicarbonate (130 to 185) mg/L, Sulfate (80 to 180) mg/L, the percentage of oxygen saturation (48.59 to 93.82) %, Water flow (14.28 to 76.92)cm\sec. and total Alkalinity(119 to 274)mg/L.The study also included biological aspects using density, Rrelative abundance index (Ra), Constancy index (S), Species richness index (D), Shanon - Weiner index (H), Species uniformity index (E) and Jaccard presence - community were also employed to determine the values of species composition, density and zooplankton biodiversity in the study area. In the current study about 113 Taxonomic units of zooplankton were identified, the rotifer was dominate group including 64 taxa to rotifera, 34 taxa belonging to cladocera and 15 taxa to copepod.The Zooplankton showed high density in river 8332.62 Ind. /m3 during April 2015 while lower465.32Ind. /m3 in Sebtember 2014 also the rotifer recorder density from198.66 to 7865.98 Ind/m3, cladocera density from 0 to 233.32 Ind/m3and copepod density from 66.33 to 2932.65 Ind/m3.The results of the relative abundance index showed that the species rotifera : neplunia Rotaria. Keratella valga Brachionus angularis, Keratella cochlearis dolicopter While as from Cladocera, Alona rectangular, Polyarthra Alonella excise, , Moina affinis, , Bosmina longirostris Ceriodaphnia rigaudi Chydorus piger, Scapholebrus kigni. Simocephalus sevrulatu and the copepods : Immature Harpacticoida, Paracyclo fimbriatus, Nitocra sp., Nitocra spinipe, , Harpaticoida sp. and Nauplii were more abundant in Al - Gharraf river. also the results of Constancy index showed Six taxa belonged to zooplankton, which were considered "Constant" at stations However the other taxonomy units varied from "accessory" and "accidental" taxonomy units in study stations. The values of the Species richness index of rotifer varied from 0 to 5.42 and cladocera varied from 0 to1.41 and copepod from 0 to 2.70 The highest percentage of similarity 48.148% for Zooplankton were reported between stations 1 and 2. The lowest similarity reaching 35.412% recorded between stations 2 and 3. The Shanon - Weiner index of total Zooplankton varied from0.4to 2.5 bit/ind while the Shanon index of Rotifera from1.05 to 2.61 bit/Ind., Cladocera varied from 0.4to 1.38 bit/Ind. and Copeoda varied from 0.11 to 1.76 bit/Ind., The uniformity index of total Zooplankton varied from0.17 to 1.01and Rotifer varied from 0.4 to 0.9, Cladocera from 0.4 to 1 and Copeoda from 0.08 to 0.99 These high values indicate that there is no ecological stress on zooplankton in the study area

دراسة تاثير الملوثات المنبعثة من المركبات على الاشخاص في شوارع مدينة تكريت Study The Effect of Pollutants Emitted From Vehicales Upon Blood of Workers in Tikrit City Streets

اسم المؤلف: رغد مقداد محمود الحمداني
اسم المشرف: جهاد ذياب محل الجنابي صالح محمد رحيم العبيدي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الحياة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: استهدفت الدراسة الحالية التي جرت في شوارع مدينة تكريت قياس تراكيز بعض الغازات المهمة التي تطرحها المركبات الى البيئة وهي احادي اوكسيد الكاربون, ثنائي اوكسيد الكاربون, ثنائي اوكسيد الكبريت (CO, CO2, SO2) وكذلك دراسة نوعية مياه الامطار المتساقطة على منطقة ا | The current study which takes place in the main streets of the city of Tikrit, aims at measuring the concentrations of some essential gases which are emitted by the vehicles of the environment. These gases include Monoxide Carbon, Dioxide Carbon and Sulfur Dioxide (CO, CO2, SO2). This study also aims at investigating the quality of rainwaters which are falling on the area of the study, and conducting some biological tests for them. Moreover, this study aims to identify the effect of vehicles productions upon blood physiology and the construction of some persons who are dealing with them. The samples have been collected during September 2010 till May 2011, and then classified in terms of age and duration of exposure. Alsuqoor Village represents the control group. A sample has been collected from healthy, non - smoker males. The concentrations of some polluted gases emitted from exhausted vehicles are identified. They are significantly high in comparison with the control group and during the whole chapters of the study. The highest level of pollution value is recorded by the gases (CO, CO2, SO2) and at (p< 0.05) level in Albasha Street during the Autumn, whereas the lowest value is recorded in Alzuhoor Street, during the Winter ( ). In addition, some of rainwater characteristics have been measured such as, (Ph, electrical m and the amount of plankton in water). The obtained results show that there is a significant decrease in PH concentration and a significant increase in EC concentration. Moreover, results indicate that the highest concentration of the clot material is in Alarbaeen Street ( ) whereas, the lowest concentration is in Alzuhoor Street ( ). The level of some rare elements has been measured in the blood serum of those who are exposed to (lead, cadmium) and in different periods of times. A significant increase is recorded in the levels of those elements, in comparison with the control group (ps 0.05). As for effect of blood components of those who are exposed to pollutants, the concentrations of both (Hb, Pcv) have been decreased with an increase in the concentrations of (the number of red and white cells and ESR) in comparison with the control group at level (P<0.05). It is also noticed that there is a significant increase in the number of the neutral and acidic white blood cells with a significant decrease in the number of the moral white blood cells at the lymph cell, in comparison with the control group. Results also show that there is a significant increase (P<0.05) in the level of each (Cholesterol, Triglycerides, and Lipoproteins with low density LDL) with decreased concentrations of (High Density Lipoproteins HDL) whereas, there are no significant difference in the concentrations of (Low density Lipoproteins Very high density VLDL). Concerning the concentrations of (Urea, Uric acid, Kreatenin) there is a significant increase (P<0.05) in comparison with the control group and for all the groups of the study. The pollutants have an effect upon the average number of enzyme in the blood serum. There is a significant increase in the average of the enzymes that carry amino (ALT, AST) an enzyme phosphate in comparison with the control group. The study has also shown a significant increase in the Monoaldehyde level MDA and decrease in the glutathione level, under the effect of various pollutants. It is noticed that the blood components as well as the biochemical variable are greatly affected as the period of exposure extended and these biochemical variables become very great. Therefore, most of the differences are existed in the third group whose ages range between (40 and 49) with 9 years of work, followed by the second group whose ages range between (30 and 39) with 7 years of work. Then comes the first group whose ages range between (20 and 29) with 5 years of work, in comparison with the control group

دراسة وبائية لبعض مسببات الاسهال من الاوالي الطفيلية في المرضى المراجعين لمستشفى صلاح الدين العام في تكريت مع دراسة تجريبية لتاثير المستخلص الكحولي لنبات Lantana camara عليها في الفئران المختبرية Epidemiological Study for Some Diarrhea Causes From Parasitism Protozoa for The Patients That Attended General Salahalddin Hospital in Tikrit With Experimental Study for The Effect of Alcoholic Extract From Lantana Camara Plant on It in Experimental Mice

اسم المؤلف: رواء محمود هاشم
اسم المشرف: توفيق ابراهيم محمد الالوسي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الحياة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة للمدة من 2010 /11/1 الى 2011/11/1.وتضمنت فحص 1002 عينة من غائط مصابين بالاسهال تراوحت اعمارهم ما بعد الولادة الى اثنتي عشرة سنة من العمر راجعوا مستشفى صلاح الدين العام في تكريت. اشتملت الدراسة على جزءين تمثل الجزء الاول بدراسة وبائية، ت | This study made on the period between (1/11/2010) to (1/11/2011) that included testing (1002) diarrhea patients excrement samples, their ages were between after birth to twelve years that had attended General Salahalddin Hospital.The study included two parts. First epidemiology study, collecting samples and making the laboratory tests that accomplish with 2 methods, the direct method and deposition method to detect the percentage of infected by some parasitism protozoa that cause the diarrhea according to a lot of standards that included, age, sex, class, nature of suckle, number of family members, the source of water, mother education, sequence of the child in his family and the season of infection, the laboratory test assured that from the total (582) , (58.08 %) are infected with parasitism diarrhea compare with other diarrhea cases that was (420) , (41.91%) and reached to the following : - The infection with E.histolytica diarrhea was (492), (%84.5) and infected with G.lamblia diarrhea was (90) , (15.46%). Number of infected males with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism as follows(8.24%)(46.39%) and infected females with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism as follows (7.21%) (46.39%).The highest infection with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism was the ages between (4 - 6)years and the percentage was as follows (4.81%, 29.89%). The highest infection with amebic tissue and G.lamblia parasitism that came from country were (9.10%, 60.82%) also noticed that the raise of infection with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism among children that their mothers had low education less than intermediate (illiteracy and intermediate) as follows (29.8%, 36.5%) for the children were infected with G.lamblia parasitism. And for children that infected with E.histolytica parasitism among children that their mothers had low education less than intermediate (illiteracy and intermediate) as follows (4.29%, 36.5%). The percentage for infants for the first 2 years had been infected with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism for the first 2 years that they depend on industrial suckle as follows (7.73 %), (41.2%). The percentage for infants above 2 years had been infected with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism for the first 2 years that they depend on industrial suckle as follows (9.10%) , (48.96%) also noticed the raise of infection with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism among the children that was the river is the water source, the percentage were as follows (8.59 %), (51.54%). And the infection with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism among the children that was the pipes system is water source the percentage were as follows (6.87%), (23.98%). the infection were very high with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism among the children that lives within crowded families, the percentage was (12.54%), (55.67%). and the infection with E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism according to the seasons was dissimilar, and the highest recorded infection with E.histolytica parasitism in winter as follows (35%) and the lowest infection was (11.3%) in summer. Meanwhile the highest infection with G.lamblia parasitism (8.41%) in summer and (1.20%) in autumn.The second part studied the effect of alcoholic extraction from lantana camara plant on growth of E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism on mice. The effect was obvious for the alcoholic extraction for the mentioned plant for all extraction on the E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism in general, but the most effectiveness extraction to destroy the E.histolytica and G.lamblia parasitism was 1000 mlm/kgm from the alcoholic extraction for the plant lantana camara

التاثير الوقائي لعصير الليمون والمستخلص المائي للمعدنوس في منع التحصي التجريبي المستحدث باستعمال الاثيلين كلايكول وتقليل السمية الكلوية المستحدثة بالمضادين الحيويين جينتامايسين وفلوكساسين في الجرذان The Protective Effect of Lemone Juice And Parsley Aqueous Extract in Prevent Experimental Urolithisis Induced By Ethylene Glycol And Decrease Renaltoxity Induced By Gentamicine And Floxacin Antibiotics in Rats

اسم المؤلف: صبا خير الدين ابراهيم الطائي
اسم المشرف: زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي فدوى خالد توفيق
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى معرفة بعض التاثيرات الفسلجية والكيموحيوية والتاثيرات النسيجية للمستخلص المائي لنبات المعدنوس Petroselinum Sativum وعصير الليمون Citrus Linnaeu في كبح تكون حصى الكلى Renal calculi المستحدث بمادة الاثيلين كلايكول Ethylene glycol وال | The study aimed to searching the Physiological, Biochemical and Histological effects of the aqueous extract parsely of petroselinum sativum and lemon juice of citrus linnaeu in inhibition renal calculi formation which induced by Ethylene glycol and decreasing the nephrotoxity casead by the use of Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin antibiotics. The study included number of Physiological and Biochemical parameters : total white blood cells count (WBCS), Hemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), Total cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High density lipoprotein (HDL - C), Low density lipoprotein (LDL - C), Phospholipids, Atherogenic indices levels, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Blood Urea, Serum Creatinine, Glutathione (GSH), Maloddialdehyd (MDA), Aspartate amino transferase (AST) and Alanine amino transferase (ALT) concentration, beside the measurement of calcium ions, potassium ions, and magnisum ions concentrations in male and female rat serum which had been induced Oxidatiotion stress by use (0.05) hydrogen peroxide daily for (30)days.Also anather group of rats mouthy feeded with(100 mg/kg of body whight)Ciprofloxacin and the last group of rats feeded with (80 mg/kg of body wight)Gentamicin by muscular injection daily for (14)days. the active dose of petroselinum sativum (parsley) aqueous extract and Citrus linnaeu(lemon juice)had been demonstrated as (250 mg/kg of body whight)and(1.5ml/kg of body whight) successively.the rats distributed randomly (male and female)to (13) groups included (five rats for every group) : control group, Ethylene glycol (Eg)group, (Eg)+parsely aqueous extract group, (Eg)+lemon juice group, Hydrgen peroxide(H202)group, (H202)+ parsely aqueous extract group, (H202)+ lemon juice group, Ciprofloxacin+ parsely aqueous extract group, Ciprofloxacin+ lemon juice group, Gentamicin+ parsely aqueous extract group, Gentamicin+ lemon juice group.The results showed1 - the Treatment rats with Ethylene glycol caused high significant increase (P? 0.01)in concentrations of, TC, TG, Phospholipids, 2nd and 3rd of atherogenic indices, blood urea, ALP, serum creatinine, VLDL - C, AST, WBCs and MDA, while significant (P? 0.01) decrease had been happen in the concentration of albumin, globulin, total protein, HDL - C, GSH, ALT, Hb, Ca, Ma.2 - the Treatment rats with Ethylen glycol and lemon juice and parsley produced high significant increase(P? 0.01) in concentrations of albumin, globulin, total protein, HDL - C, GSH, ALT, Hb, Ca, Ma. while significant (P? 0.01) in concentrations of, TC, TG, Phospholipids, 2nd and 3rd of atherogenic indices, blood urea, ALP, serum creatinine, LDL - C, AST, Hb, K and MDA compared whith the E G onlay.3 - Induced oxidative stress by H202 caused high significant (P? 0.01) in the concentrations of TC, Phospholipids, 2nd and 3rd of atherogenic indiced blood urea, ALP, serum creatinine, k+, AST, LDL - C, MDA and Hb while significant (P? 0.01) decrease had been happened in the concentrations of albumin, globulin, total protein, HDL - C, GSH, ALT and 1st atherogenic indices.4 - the Treatment rats with (H202)whith lemon juice and parsely for rats produced high significant (P? 0.01) increase in concentrations of albumin, globulin, K+ total protein, HDL - C, GSH, AST. while Increase significant (P? 0.01) in concentrations ofTC, Phospholipids, 3rd of atherogenic indices, blood urea, ALP, serum creatinine, LDL - C, AST, Hb, K and MDA compared whith the(H202) Only.5 - The results of Treatment the animals with Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin produced high significant (P? 0.01) in the concentrations of TC, TG, Phospholipids, Ist atherogenic indices blood urea, glubulin while the Treatment with Ciprofloxacin caused significant increase (P? 0.01) in concentrations of serum creatinine, VLDL - C, AST, WBCs, MDA, ALT, K+ and Hb.on the another significant decrease had been oecured in the concentrations of ALP, albumin, globulin while decrease of concentrations occurred when the animal had been treated with Gentamicin : total protein, HDL - C, GSH, Hb, Mg+and Ca++.6 - The Treatment by Gentamicin+ Ciprofloxacin+ lemon juice+ parsley to the rats when compares whith rats treated only antibiotics caused high significant (P? 0.01)increase in concentrations of albumin, , globulin, total protein, HDL - C, GSH, K+, Hb and ALP. while high significant decrease happened in the concentrations of total protein, MDA, Ist and3rd atherogenic indices, blood urea, TG, serum creatinine, ALT, MDA, and VLDL - C.7 - The Treatment with Ethylene glycol caused many histological changes like preipration of calcium oxalate in kidney tubules, necrosis, recrudesce of glomerales and caused degredation to the central vein, bleeding in kidney while the two types of antibiotics Gentamicin and Ciprofloxacin caused the same effects as ahave.8 - The action of lemon juice and parsely showed aprotection role against calcium oxalate precipitation and prevented the renal calculi formation or it aggregation in the kidney of the rats treated with Ethylene glycol.the action of that extract and juice were the decrease of oxidative stress damage induced by(H202)in the kidney tissue.

تاثير الجهد التاكسدي على بعض المعايير الدموية وفيتامينات C, D3, E لدى مرضى كثرة الحمر Effect of Oxidative Stress On Some Hematological Parameters And Vitamin C, D3, And E In Patients With Polycythemia

اسم المؤلف: احمد ظاهر محمود الدليمي
اسم المشرف: حميد محمود مجيد نجاة عبد الرزاق حسن
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يتوارد الى مصرف الدم ضمن دائرة صحة ديالى العديد من الاشخاص الذكور, يوميا للتخلص من زيادة الدم (كثرة الحمر) , وللتعرف على بعض جوانب هذه الحالات المرضية : تم جمع 90 عينة دم من هؤلاء المرضى (54 مدخن, 36 غير مدخن) قورنت مع 40 عينة دم لاشخاص اصحاء, تراوحت اعم | Many male persons come every day to the blood bank labeled within Diyala Health Directorate to get rid of blood ratio increase(polycythemia). To shed light on this phenomenon, 90 blood samples are collected from these patients (54 smokers, 36 nonsmokers) and they are compared with 40 blood samples of healthy persons within the age range of (18 - 79 years) in the period ranging from Decembar.1st. 2012 to March.1st. 2013. A Hematocrit (HCT) criterion of 52% is used in the study as a sickness criterion.The present study was conducted to : 1. Measure the red and white blood cells and platelet counts (complete blood picture).2. Measure antioxidant the concentration vitamins C, E in addition to vitamin D3 and Glutathione (GSH).3. Measure the levels of the Malondialdehyde (MDA). Results of the statistical analysis show a significant increase(p<0.001) in Red blood cells, Hematocrit, a significant increase in the White blood cells (p<0.05), a significant increase(p<0.001) in the (Neutrophils, Monocytes and Esophils) while the mean of Lymphocytes and Basophils counts show a significant decrease (p<0.001) compared to the control group. Blood platelet did not show significant variations between the control and sick patient groups. Upon splitting the patients group to smokers and nonsmokers, results of the statistical analysis reflect a significant increase of (p<0.05) in the Hemoglobin of nonsmokers with polycythemia compared to the control group and to smokers. The platelets count did not mirror any significant variations between the patients and control groups despite the increase in platelet numbers in persons with polycythemia group that are nonsmokers and a decrease in smokers patients. Results of the statistical analysis also show a significant increase of MDA levels in patients with polycythemia (p<0.001) compared to the control group especially in the nonsmokers which signals an increase in lipid peroxides and reactive oxygen species. Results of the statistical analysis show a significant decrease of (p<0.001) in the levels of vitamin C in the patients with polycythemia, the smokers as well as the nonsmokers polycythemia sub groups compared to the control group which refers to the notion that the vitamin E free radical attacks vitamin C to remake vitamin E. in this case vitamin C is consumed and vitamin E will be remodeled. There is a significant decrease (p<0.001) in the mean vitamin D3 in patients with polycythemia compared to the control group. Vitamin D3 has an impact on Red and White blood cells inside of the bone marrow, this matter sheds light on the probability of this impact of vitamin D3 on the pathogenesis of polycythemia. The results of statistical analysis did not show significant differences in the means of vitamin E and GSH levels. The present study revealed a positive relationship between vitamin D3 levels and Red Blood Cells counts, In addition there was a negative correlation of vitamin D3 with Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) in total polycythemia group and polycythemia smokers sub groups.

دراسة نسجية فسلجية لتاثيرات خلات اليورانيل والمستخلص المائي لنبات ورد لسان الثور في فعالية الغدة الدرقية في ذكور الارانب البيض Histological And Physiological Study on The Effects of Uranyl Acetate And Aqueous Extract of Borogo Officinalis on The Activity of Thyroid Gland in Albino Rabbits

اسم المؤلف: علا صالح علي الجميلي
اسم المشرف: كوكب سليم نجم القيسي منيف صعب احمد ساجت الجنابي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الحياة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة، للتعرف على تاثير خلات اليورانيل والمستخلص المائي لورد لسان الثور Borago officinalis (Borage) معا وكلا على انفراد في ما ياتي : - 1 التركيب النسجي للغدة الدرقية. - 2 مستوى هرمون T3و T4وTSH. - 3 معايير الدم (التعداد الكلي لخلايا الدم ال | The aim of this study was to determined the effects of uranyl acetate and aqueous extract of Borago officinalis(Borage) alone or when they are given toghther the following : 1 - The histological structures of the thyroid gland.2 - Serum concentration T4, T3, TSH Hormones.3 - The blood parameters (WBC, PCV, Hb, Platelet and ESR). A total 30 mature males(Albino Rabbit) were used in this study, and their weights were recorded before and after the experiment. Animals were divided into five groups and administrated by using oro - gastric tube and included these following groups : 1 - (G1) which was given drinking water and considered as control group. 2 - (G2) group treated with uranyl acetate which was given orally only (50mg/kg body weight) for one month.3 - Group G3 which was treated with uranyl acetate with the same concentration used in (G2), then just after one hour they were post - administrated of with aqueous extract of Borage (adose of 5 ml concentration 10%).4 - (G4) group of animals treated with aqueous extract of Borage and adose of 5 ml concentration 10%.5 - (G5)which was pre - treated with uranyl acetate with concentration similar to the dose in (G2) for after one month, then post - administrated of with aqueous extract of Borage at a dose 5 ml concentration of 10%.At the end of the experiments (one month) blood sample was drawn by heart puncture and then ansethized by using ether, animal were killed and thyroid gland prepare for histological study. The following results were recorded : 1 - A significant decrement (p<0.05) in the mean of animals weight (G2, G3, G5) while there are no significant differences in the (G4)as compared with G1.2 - A significant increment (p<0.05) in the mean of (Hb, PCV) of group G2 where as group G3 showed no significant difference.While group G4 and G5 showed decreased as compared with G1.3 - A significant increment (p<0.05) in the mean of WBC in (G2, G3 and G5) while G4 showed no significant difference as compared G1.4 - A significant increment (p<0, 05) in the (G2, G4 and G5) while G3 there are no significant difference as compared G1.5 - A significant increment (p<0.05) in the mean of platelet in (G2, G3and G4) while there are no significant differences as compared with G1.6 - A significant increment (p<0.05)T4 hormone level, in the (G2, G4) while G5 showed a significant decreased where as G3 showed no significant difference as compared with G1.7 - A significant decrement (p<0.05) in the T3 hormone level in the (G2, G4 and G5) while there are no significant differences in the G3 in comparison with G1.8 - A significant decrement (p<0.05)in TSH hormone level in the G2 while no significant changes in the (G3, G4) and a significant increment in the G5 in comparison with G1. Histological results of thyroid gland 1 - A degenerative changes were observed in the epithelial tissues of thyroid gland in the (G2) due to direct effect of uranyl acetate and loss of cell style aggregation in addition to infiltration with inflammatory cells, with loss of depletion of colloid from thyroid follicles.2 - G3 showed normal thyroid cells and thyroid follicles filled with colloid fluid as compared with control group.3 - The result of histology examination of thyroid of group have shown presence of some follicles that contain colloid while ether lack theis colloid.4 - Characterized thyroid follicles cells (G5) lining simple cuboidal tissue but it contains more than one row of cells, suggesting a hyperplasia, but these effects are less negative compared with (G2).From this study we can concluded that uranyl acetate have negative effect on thyroid cells and the chemical substance of aqueous extract of Borago offcinalis inhibit the negative impact of uranyl acetate on thyroid cells in awide aspects of this study, and the aqueous extract of Borago offcinalis have high effect in regulation of thyroid function

دراسة بعض المؤشرات الوراثية الخلوية لتاثير مادة الكلوروفورم على الفار الابيض Mus musculus L A Study on Some Cytogenetic Indices for The Effect of Chloroform on The White Mouse Mus Musculus L

اسم المؤلف: عمر رحيم خلف
اسم المشرف: عادل فوزي شهاب
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الحيوان - الوراثة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يستخدم الكلوروفورم على نطاق واسع في العديد من الصناعات مثل صناعة الورق والمطاط ومطافئ الحريق ومستحضرات التجميل ومواد التخدير. كما يستخدم كمذيب عضوي للعديد من المواد في المختبرات التعليمية والصناعية. وينتج الكلوروفورم من العمليات الايضية التي تقوم بها بعض | Chloroform is widely used in many industries, such as paper, elastic, fire extinguisher, cosmetics and anesthetic materials industries. It also used as an organic dissolvent for many materials in industrial and education laboratories. Chloroform is produced by The metabolism process of living organisms such as macroalgae and some fungus of highly organic matter soil. It can also be produced by process of water cholornation. Because of chloroform is widely used, and few studies achieved on cytogenetic level. Therefore The present study was conducted to identify The effects of chloroform on cytogenetic characteritis in laboratory mice.This study includes : 1 - A Study on Some Cytogenetic Indices For The Effect of Chloroform on The White Mouse.2 - Sperm abnormalities of male mice.The results of The present study showed that The chloroform has the ability to motivate chromosomal aberrations which were represented by (ring chromosom, chromatid break, and centromore break) in somatic cells in both males and females mice and in germ cells in males, The results revealed significant differences in The chromatid break and ring chromosome of both male and females mice, which injected with two concentrations (0, 025 & 0, 05 mg/kg) when compared with control group. It was found That there were asignificant differences in centromore break of females, injected with two concentrations of chloroform in comparison with control group, while non significant were differences observed in The males.Also the present study showed there were significant differences in The chromosomal aberration in The germ cells of males mice, injected with two concentrations (0, 025 & 0, 05 mg/kg) when compared with controlled group.The concentration (0, 05 mg/kg) was more influent in comparison, with The concentration (0, 025mg/kg). It was found that 30 days of injection is more influent in comparison with 15 day of injection, and males are more influenced than females.The present study recorded a significant differences in creating micronuclei in both male and female mice, injected by chloroform with a concentrations (0, 025 & 0, 05 mg/kg)in compared with control group.The result also revealed that The chloroform cause a significant decrease in The mitotic index of The somatic cells in both males and females, morever significant decrease in The mitotic germ cells of The injected males mice was found.An increase in The Blast index factor in The somatic cell in both male and female mice, injected by chloroform when compared with control group was similar result was recoded rgarding The Blast Index factor of The males germ cells. Regarding The sperm abnormality, the result showed significant differences in The sperm abnormality of males injected by chloroform with two concentrations (0, 025 & 0, 05 mg/kg) in comparison with The control group. The concentration (0, 05 mg/kg) was more influent than The concentration (0, 025mg/kg). Besides and the period 30 days of injection was more influent than the period 15 days.

دراسة بايوكيميائية لمكونات الاكياس العدرية المستاصلة من الاغنام والابقار في محافظة ديالى Biochemical Study of Hydatid Cysts Component Isolated From Sheep And Cows In Diyala Province

اسم المؤلف: غزوان مهدي جعفر الربيعي
اسم المشرف: نغم ياسين كاظم البياتي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية في محافظة ديالى للفترة من بداية شهر ايلول لغاية نهاية شهر تشرين الثاني لعام 2014. تم جمع 40 كيسا عدريا من الاغنام والابقار (34 عينة من الاغنام و6 عينات من الابقار). تم اجراء التحليل الكمي لبعض العناصر والمركبات الكيميائية فضلا عن الا | The current study was carried out in Diyala province during the period from September to December 2014. Fourty hydatid cysts were collected from sheep and cows (thirty four cyst from sheep and six cysts from cows). Quantitative analysis was done for some elements and chemical composition of hydatid cyst fluids, laminated layer of cysts and the tissues surrounding cysts isolated from lungs and livers of cows and sheep, in addition to the adipose tissues of sheep. The results revealed that there was no significant difference (p>0.05) in Na, Ca, K, Mg and Fe elements in the fluids of hydatid cysts isolated from livers and lungs and adipose tissues of sheep and cows, while in sheep, Na showed (p>0.05) the highest concentration (4.83±0.19 mg/dl) in lung tissues comparison with the adipose tissues and livers (4.73±0.10 and 4.57±0.17 mg/dl respectively). The highest concentration of Fe (p?0.001) was in liver tissue (3.80±1.28 mg/dl). In addition, the highest concentration of K (p?0.001) was in walls layers of hydatid cysts isolated from liver (3.61±0.36 mg/dl) comparison with lung and adipose tissue (3.60±0.39 and 2.64±0.21 mg/dl, respectively). In cows, the highest concentration of Na (p?0.05) was recorded in lung tissue (3.85±0.84 mg/dl) comparison with liver, while the highest concentration of K (p?0.05) was in liver tissue (5.40±0.27 mg/dl) in comparison with lung tissue (4.76±0.20 mg/dl). The highest concentrations of creatinine, cholesterol and triglycerides were recorded (p?0.001) in hydatid fluids of cysts isolated from liver (47.24±2.25, 8.29±0.83 and 0.34±0.01 mmol/l, respectively) in comparison with the fluids of hydatid cysts isolated from lungs (17.80±1.79, 0.43±0.36, 0.12±0.00 mmol/l, respectively). In addition, the highest concentrations of urea, total protein and glucose were recorded (p?0.001) in fluids of hydatid cysts isolated from sheep lungs (2.15±0.03, 0.68±0.02, 31.41±0.72 mmol/l, respectively). In cows, the highest concentrations of creatinine, cholesterol and triglycerides were found in fluids of hydatid cysts isolated from lungs (13.24±2.02, 0.12±0.00, 0.12±0.00 mmol/l, respectively) in comparison with those isolated from liver. In addition, the concentration of glucose in the fluids of hydatid cyst isolated from cow lungs was higher than in those isolated from the liver (0.62±0.00, 0.45±0.00 mmol/l, respectively). The current results revealed that the fluids of hydatid cysts isolated from liver showed (p?0.001) the highest concentrations of amino acids {proline (98, 82±3.07), tyrosine (171.15±4.9) and lysine (25.39±9.29) mg/dl), and (p?0.05) for methionine (91.92±1.11), cysteine (68.97±1.61), phenylalanine (21.53±10.80) in comparison with fluids of hydatid cysts isolated from lungs and adipose tissues. For adipose tissues, (p?0.001) the highest concentrations of glutamate (58.48±6.61 mg/dl), glutamine (53.53±4.96 mg/dl), serine (57.30±1.04 mg/dl), histidine (41.64±8.71 mg/dl), threonine (52.81±5.14 mg/dl), alanine (109.81±5.39 mg/dl) and leucine (34.81±1.30 mg/dl) in comparison with fluids of hydatid cysts isolated from livers and lungs. The arginine and valine (p?0.05) were the highest in the fluids of hydatid cyst of lungs (24.39±4.27, 100.72±10.82 mg/dl, respectively) in comparison with those isolated from the livers and adipose tissues. As for the concentration of amino acids in the surrounding tissue of hydatid cysts, the hepatic tissue recorded (p?0.001) the highest concentration of acids aspartic (105.52±5.14, glutamic (35.43±9.46 mg/dl) glutamine (114.72±5.02 mg/dl) Glycine (219.58±8.59 mg/dl) serine (32.97±1.10 mg/dl) arginine (47.90±1.04 mg/dl) threonine (56.03±3.94 mg/dl) alnin (17.74±4.74 mg/dl) proline (141.89±5.84 mg/dl) valine (202.81±8.45 mg/dl) methionine (225.99±5.72 mg/dl) sistine (109.39±3.61 mg/dl) Isoleucine (28.13±3.23 mg/dl) phenylalanine (77.92±2.93 mg/dl) respectively, compared with the tissue of the lung and adipose tissue. While recorded (p?0.001) the lung tissue highest concentration of acid histidine (40.94±2.65 mg/dl) and lysine (52.88± 2.16 mg/dl) mg/dl, respectively, compared with the liver tissue and adipose tissue. As for leucine (114.46±3.27 mg/dl) recorded (p?0.001) in adipose tissue highest concentration him compared with liver and lung tissues. As for the concentration of amino acids in the cyst wall of the of hydatid cysts, the cyst wall recorded (p?0.001) isolated from hepatic tissue highest concentration of acids (aspartic (261.38±8.80 mg/dl) glutamine (270.75±1.75 mg/dl) histidine (106.04±5.43 mg/dl) glycine (129.18±5.08 mg/dl) arginine (39.77±2.51) threonine (30.43± 4.63 mg/dl) alnin (30.54±3.25 mg / dl) methionine (182.50 ±1.50 mg /dl) proline (36.29±9.54 mg/dl) sistine (199.49±6.33 mg/dl) valine (154.63±6.98 mg/dl) Isoleucine (66.10±7.71 mg/dl) leucine (104.22 ± 3.94 mg/dl) phenylalanine (137.62±1.32 mg / dl) respectively, compared with cyst wall isolated from lung tissue and adipose tissue. As for the Lysine (33.62±2.5 mg/dl) recorded (p?0.001) highest concentration in the cyst wall isolated from lung tissue compared with cyst wall isolated from the liver and adipose tissue. As for the tyrosine (254.21±3.84) and glutamic (57.49±1.75) recorded (p?0.001) the highest concentration of them in the cyst wall isolated from adipose tissue compared with cyst wall isolated from lung tissue and the liver. For the concentration of amino acids in the fluids of hydatid cysts isolated from cow liver and lungs, the results showed (p?0.05) that the highest concentrations of alanine (85.88±1.42), tyrosine (21.41±0.39) and methionine (170.47±1.19) were recorded in fluids of lung cysts in comparison with the fluids of liver hydatid cysts. In contrast, there were no significant differences (p?0.05) in the concentrations of (aspartic, glutamic, glutamine, glycine, serine, histidine, arginine, threonine, proline, valine, sistine, leucine, phenylalanine, alnin and lysine between the hydatid fluids isolated from cow liver and lungs. As for the concentration of amino acids in the surrounding tissue of hydatid cysts cows show (p?0.05) that amino acids aspartic (288.47±10.13 mg/dl) and glutamine (270.79±2.97 mg/dl) recorded highest concentration in liver tissue compared with lung tissue. While recorded amino acid (p?0.05) alanine (230.58±1.38 mg/dl) proline (124.87±3.53 mg/dl) tyrosine (257.29±1.76 mg/dl) Isoleucine (296.44±2.06 mg/dl) and leucine (222.44±4.46 mg/dl) the highest concentration in the lung tissue compared with liver tissue. While no significant difference did not recorded in the other amino acids. As for the concentration of amino acids in the cyst wall showed cyst wall isolated from the lung tissue (p?0.05) of the highest concentration of acids valine (135.89±1.01 mg/dl) and leucine (169.65±2.64 mg/dl) compared with cyst wall isolated from hepatic cyst. While no significant difference did not recorded in other amino acids.

دراسة نسجية وكيمياء نسجية للقناة الهضمية في طائر فاختة النخيل Streptopelia senegalensis Histological And Histochemical Study of The Alimentary Canal In Laughing Dove Streptopelia Senegalensis

اسم المؤلف: خولة خلف حسون صادق
اسم المشرف: مختار خميس محمد سعيد
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تمثل الدراسة الحالية دراسة التركيب المظهري والنسجي وكيميائية النسيج للقناة الهضمية للحمام البري فاختة النخيل Streptopelia senegalensis, لثمان عينات من النماذج الحية البالغة من الحمام البري التي تم اصطيادها حية باطوال مختلفة, وبعد تخديرها بمادة الكلورفورم, | The present study represent the Anatomical, Histological and Histochemical structures of the alimentary canal in the laughing dove Streptopelia senegalensis, for eight adult specimens of these wild birds were trapped alive in different lengths, The specimens were anaesthetized by chloroform, and then carefully dissected for studying the gross anatomy, the alimentary canal from the proximal esophagus to the cloaca was carefully removed from the body cavity, lengths have been taken for alimentary canal and for each part of it, the alimentary canal divided into small pieces for each part, then fixated with Bouin's solution for general histological studies.Transverse sections of the different studied samples were cut at thickness of 5 - 7microns and the prepared sections were stained with routine stains Haematoxylin and Eosina and special stains for histochemical studies ( (Periodic acid - Schiff (PAS) technique, Alcian blue - PAS method and the Mercury bromophenol blue) ). The present Anatomical study showed the esophagus as long tubular organ, the cervical part of it is longer than the thoracic part and the crop was merely enlargement sac in shape which locate at the entrance of the thorax. The stomach is differentiated into a glandular proventriculus and a muscular ventriculus or gizzard.The small intestine distinguish into duodenum, jejunum and ileum which is the longest part of it, whereas the caeca are very small pair, and the rectum is short tube which end with cloaca, the last part of the alimentary tract. The histological study revealed that the alimentary tract composed of usual four layers; tunica mucosa, tunica sub mucosa, tunica muscular and tunica adventitia or serosa. The mucosal layer of esophagus was arranged in folds which was longer in the cervical part and constituted by nonkertenized stratified squamous epithelium, esophageal glands found just in submucosal tunica of the thoracic part. The crop has the same histological structure as in esophagus but it’s folds are less high than them in esophagus and there is no glands on it. The superior gastric glands of proventriculus were simple tubular glands and the deep gastric glands were compound alveoli glands which involve the submucosa tunica.A thick layer of koilen covers the mucosa of the ventriculus it’s lamina propria had loose connective tissue with simple alveolar glands. The villi of small intestine become shorter toward the rectum, which lining by simple columnar epithelium with striated border, and contain goblet cells which gradually increase in number frequently from the duodenum to the rectum. The histochemical studies revealed that PAS and alcian blue / PAS stains were given positive react in the esophageal glands, mucosa layer of esophagus, crop, stomach, and superior gastric glands and the goblet cells of small intestine and rectum. whereas the alcian blue / PAS were givin weak react in deep gastric glands in the provetriculus and gastric gland of gizzard but goblet cells were givin positive react in small intestine and rectum.Proteins were observed in the mucosa layer of esophagus, glandular stomach, intestine and rectum, when they had taken positive react with Mercuric bromophenol blue stain, but the reaction appeared weak in esophagea glands, intestinal glands and goblet cells.

البروتين التفاعلي - C عالي الحساسية, الانترلوكين6 والفيبرينوجين كدليل على امراض القلب التاجية Highly - Sensitivity C - Reactive Protein, Interleukin6 And Fibrinogen As Predictor of Coronary Heart Disease

اسم المؤلف: فرح حقي عزت
اسم المشرف: حميد محمود مجيد
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد مرض القلب التاجي (CHD) Coronary heart disease من الامراض متعددة الاسباب والتي تثار حولها العديد من التساؤلات، الا ان ارتفاع مستويات بروتينات الطور الحاد مثل البروتين التفاعلي C عالي الحساسية hs - CRP والفيبرينوجين والحركيات الخلوية مثل انترلوكين6 - (I | Coronary heart disease (CHD) considered a multifactorial disease. raising many questions about the early marker of the disease. And these include high sensitivity C - reactive protein (hs - CRP) fibrinogen and cytokines such as interleukin - 6 (IL - 6) considered a predictors of coronary heart event. and to reveal their roles in cardiac events we constructed this study. we prepared a special from for each patient and it include : age, sex, hieght, weight, and measurement of systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglycerides, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, high sensitive C - reactive protein, fibrinogen, interleukin - 6. The study included two groups : The first group included 120 people suffering from coronary heart disease and admitted to the coronary care unit (CCU) in Baquba Teaching Hospital aged between 31 - 70 years for the period from the first of November 2014 and first of May until 2015. The second group of 66 healthy people aged between 31 - 70 years for the same period. The study results showed : The existence of high statistical difference with probability of P<0.01 in the body mass index, systolic blood pressure, fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein, very low density lipoprotein, high sensitive C - reactive protein, fibrinogen, interleukin - 6. while showed significant decrease <0.01 in the level of High density lipoprotein and high level of P<0.05 in the diastolic blood pressure in coronary heart disease patients compared to the control group. wich predict an increased mortality in patients

دراسة الانماط المصلية وعوامل الضراوة لبكتريا E.coli المعزولة من حالات خمج المجاري البولية لدى النساء في محافظة ديالى A Study On Serotypes And Virulence Factors of Escherichia Coli Isolated From Women With Urinary Tract Infections In Diyala Province

اسم المؤلف: لارة محمود شفيق السوره ميري
اسم المشرف: محمد خليفة خضير
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: شملت هذه الدراسة 350 عينة ادرار وسطي ومنها تم الحصول على 100عزلة من بكتريا الاشريشيا القولونية المعزولة من النساء المصابات بالتهابات المجاري البولية في مستشفى خانقين العام, ومستشفى بعقوبةالتعليمي, ومستشفى البتول للولادة والاطفال في محافظة ديالى من الفترة | The study was included 350 samples of Mid - stream urine and which has been obtained 100 isolates of Escherichia coli from women with Urinary Tract Infections in Khanaqin General Hospital and Baaquba Teaching Hospital and Al - Batool Hospital in Diyala Province. All samples were collected from 2013/10/15 to 18/2/2014. All bacterial isolates were identified by the biochemical cultural, serological teast and microbial characteristics and confirmed by VITEKA2, API - 20E system. The serological test was performed by slide agglutination test for the urine isolates and 19 of them 19% gave positive results for the polyvalent antisera O26, O55, O111, O119, O126. The results showed the susceptibility 57 bacterial isolates to produce hemolysin with percentage 57%, and production of bacteriocin Form71%. The production of biofilm by local isolates were detected in three ways, isolates of Escherichia coli has shown its ability to produce biofilm by a manner ELISA, adhesion Surface methods, and a Congo - red methods as apercentage 90%, 83%, 78% respectively. The results showed that 88% from Escherichia coli isolates were able to produce ? - lactamase enzymes by rapid iodometric method, and 4% of isolates have the ability to produce of the Extendended spectrum ? - Lactamase enzyme by using disc Approximation, while 2% of isolates have the ability to produce of Metalo ? - lactamase enzymes by using the Imp - EDTA combination dis casmanaged. The sensitivity of these isolates were tested against (16) antibiotics, the results induct that E.coli had resistance to the antibiotics : Augmentin, Aztreonam, Ampicillin, Co - trimoxazole, Chloramphenicol with the rates 100%, 93%, 92%, 89% and 86% respectively. The isolates were more sensitive to Ceftazidime, Gentamycin, Ciprofloxacin, and Cefixime with resistance rate 41%, 38%, 35% and 30% respectively. The antibiotics Imipenem and Tobramycin were more sensitive with sensitive rate 100% and 80% respectively. Multiple resistance pattern for antibiotic divided into two groups, first included 69 isolates 69% which were resistant to 6 - 10 antibiotics, while second included 31 isolates 31% were resistant to11 - 15antibiotics.

دراسة عدد من المعايير الدموية والكيموحيوية وبعض الهرمونات لدى النساء العقيمات في محافظة صلاح الدين Astudy of A Number of Hematological, Biochemical Parameters And Some Hormones in An Infertile Women in Salahaddin Governorate

اسم المؤلف: لينا قيس ياسين عبد الرزاق
اسم المشرف: زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي بشرى محمد مجيد
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى تحديد عدد من العوامل المسببة للعقم لدى عدد من النساء في محافظة صلاح الدين. بدات الدراسة من ايلول (2008) ولغاية اب (2009), وحددت نسبة العقم الاولي (%55) والعقم الثانوي (%45) لعينة الدراسة التي شملت 400 عينة عشوائية للنساء المصابات | This study goaled to determine the causes of the infertility in a number of women in Salah - El - Din governorate. The study began in September (2008) until August (2009), the primary infertility was (55%) and the secondary infertility was (45%). The study sample, which included random sample of 400 infertile women aged (15 - 45) years. Whom reviews in Educational Tikrit Hospital and many external women clinics in Tikrit city. The studied samples are compared with 50 healthy women as a controlling group. The age groups of infected women are specified as highest average within (21 - 25) years then from (26 - 30) years then from (31 - 35) years respectively. The study included a cellular classification by using sex chromatin as an indicater of fertile degree (sex chromatin as a guide to classify women by examing Neutrophil polynucleated cells). So wamen were distributed to : Supper female (have 2 sex chromatin), Normal female (have 1sex chromatin) , and Abnormal female (with out sex chromatin).The results showded 4% and 44.75% and 51.25% respectively. Respect to sex chromatin the results revealed high significant levels (P <0.01) and (P <0.05) of prolactin and (LH) in cons. for Abnormal and Normal infertile women. While the same results and levels happened in FSH and Proges. Conc. In Abnormal and Normal infertile women in comparison with the controlling group.this study showed no significant at level (P >0.05) for Estrogen E2 besides there is no significant in comparing infertile women of Supper female with the control group. Concerning biochemical factors and their relation with sex chromatin, it is shown that there is a difference at (P<0.01) (P<0.05) for normal and a bnormal group in comparison with the controlling group, at level LDL, VLDL and total protein between high and low but there is no difference at level HDL, Tri and Chol The study of reproductive hormones (FSH) and (LH) (PRL) and (E2) had been measured at 13 - 14 days of the menstrual cycle of infertile women. And progesterone hormone conc. had been measured at 21 days of the menstrual cycle. The results showded high significant conc. of PRL, LH and Proge. at level (P<0.01) in comparison with control group while their was not significant changes when the infertile women with the control group for FSH and estrogen conc. Respect to the biochemical factors have shown through fat parameter cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein - cholesterol very low density lipoprotein - cholesterol and total protein have shown high levels (P<0.01) for infertile women in comparison with control group. While high density lipoprotein - cholesterol and glucose conc. Albumin, conc. and globulin show no significant changes in comparison with the control group. Besides this study has revealed a high levels (P<0.01) at PCV % for normal female in comparison with infertile female but through Hb there is no significant differences. It is also shown that the average of women with poor ovarian is 69.25 % while the block of fallopian tubes line was 18.75% for the endometrosis 4% and unknown infertile female causes were 8%. Then results also show the average of 36% of infertile female who are infected with hyperprolactinemea, results show that they are about 23% who suffer from Polycystic ovary syndrome PCOS. Also the Body Mass Index (BMI) showed high significant level (P<0.01) infertile women compared with the control and the same results happened with the age.

دراسة التاثير المثبط لبعض المستخلصات النباتية على بعض الفطريات المرضية Study of The Inhibitory Effect of Some Medicinal Plants Extracts on Some Pathogenic Fungi

اسم المؤلف: شفاء طيار جعفر العساف
اسم المشرف: صالح عيسى محمد الجبوري عبد الكريم سليمان حسن النعيمي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الحياة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اظهرت دراسة التاثير المثبط للمستخلصات المائية والكحولية لاربعة نباتات طبية هي النعناع بنوعيه (Horsemint, Spearmint) والسعد (Nutgrass) والحبة السوداء(Black Cumin) على بعض الفطريات الممرضة المعزولة من حالات مرضية مختلفة، من بين (63) عينة مرضية اخذت للدراسة | Study of inhibitory effect of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of four medicinal plants, spearmint, horsemint, nutgrass and black seed (black cumin), against some pathogenic fungi isolated from different clinical cases, showed that (12) cases from (63) cases were positive and Candida albicans was more frequent (41.67%) followed by Aspergillus fumigates and A. niger (16.67%) for each one.The study at inhibitory effect of aqueous extracts against the isolated fungi, showed that aqueous extract of black seed (30 mg/ml.) was more effective, and inhibited growth of the fungus A. fumigatus (87.5%) followed by the aqueous extract of black seed (25 mg/ml.), nutgrass and Spearmint (30 mg/ml.) for both, which inhibit the fungal growth (81.25%).Aqueous extract of Horsemint (30 mg/ml.) was the best one, which inhibited the growth of A. niger completely (100%); Aqueous extract of black seed (30 mg/ml.) was more effective against the fungus candida albicans, and the inhibition zone diameter was (13 mm.).The study of inhibitory effect of alcoholic extracts against the isolated fungi, showed that alcoholic extracts of black seed (10 mg/ml.), Spearmint (15 mg/ml.) and Horsemint (30 mg/ml.) were The best against A. fumigatus and inhibited its growth completely (100%).Alcoholic extracts of black seed (15 mg/ml.), Spearmint (20 mg/ml.) were more effective against A. niger, and inhibited its growth completely (100 %); Finally, alcoholic extract of black seed (30 mg/ml.) was the best one against C. albicans, with inhibition zone diammeter (19 mm.).Testing of inhibitory effect of some chemical antifungal agents against the isolated fungi showed ketoconazole at concentrations (3.5, 3.0, 2.5) mg/ml. inhibited the growth of A. fumigatus (100, 93.0, 90.0) % respectively. Also ketoconazole at concentrations (3.5, 3.0, 2.5) mg/ml. inhibited the growth of A. niger (100, 95.0, (93.0)% respectively. Nystatin; at concentration 100 I.U/Disc (0.06 mg/Disc) inhibited growth of C. albicans with inhibition zone diammeter (15 mm.).

بعض المؤشرات المناعية عند مرضى الحروق في مدينة بعقوبة Some Immunological Parameters In Burn Patients In Baquba City

اسم المؤلف: عبد الله خزعل محسن القيسي
اسم المشرف: عباس عبود فرحان الدليمي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة في مختبرات مستشفى بعقوبة التعليمي التابعة لمحافظة ديالى خلال المدة الزمنية المحصورة من 1 /2014/10 الى 2015/ 7 /1 وتضمنت هذه الدراسة ثلاث مجاميع هي مجموعة المرضى تالفت من 70 شخصا من المرضى الراقدين في ردهة الحروق التابعة للمستشفى اعلاه بواقع | The study was conducted at Baquba teaching hospital in Diyala province during the period October 2014 - July 2015. The study included three groups, a total of 70 patients who were admitted at burn department they were 33 (47.14%) female and 37 (52.85%) male with age range from (1 - 60) year, 40 (57.14%) of 1 - 20 year, 25 (35.71%) of 21 - 40 year and 5 (7.14%) of 41 - 60 year, and three degrees of burns, 15 (21.42%) of the first degree of burn, 34 (48.57%) of the second degree of burn and 21 (30%) of the third degree of burn. The polices of the two people who did not suffer from any medical condition, the first group consisted of 30 people to 14 (46.66%) female and 16 (53.33%) male. And the second set especially cellular Dynamics consist of 10 people included 5 (50%) females and 5 (50%) male, note that sets the polices were distributed to the same age groups above. C - Reactive protein is positive measured effectively using latex examination and rely on the presence of altlasn from non existence, while conducted examinations alghlobulinat immuneglobulins IgG and IgM, and complement components C3 and C4 by single Radial Immuno diffusion and conducted tests kinematics cellular IL - 2 and IL - 6 using adsorption - linked immunosorbent assay technique. The results of the study showed significant difference when level (P < 0.05) for CRP value reaching up to his cause the immune index in patients group compared with the control group. While results of IgG concentration showed great differences at the level of (P < 0.01) in female patients with average (1103.02 mg/dl) and males average (1136.05 mg/dl) compared to the control group females average (977.90 mg/dl) and males average (1038.00 mg/dl). While results of IgM concentration showed great differences (P<0.01) in female patients with average range (242.84 mg/dl) and males average (233.50 mg/dl) compared to the control group females average (124.37 mg/dl) and males an average of (93.10 mg/dl). While results of C3 concertration showed significant differences (P<0.05) in female patients with average range (94.87 mg/dl) and males an average of (131.40 mg/dl), compared to the control group females average (98.6 mg/dl) and males average (93.10 mg/dl). While the results of C4 concentration showed significant differences (P<0.05) in female patients with average range (41.31 mg/dl) and male average (37.78 mg/dl) compared to the control group females average (24.62 mg/dl) and males an average of (25.50 mg/dl). The results of IL - 2 concentration showed great differences (P<0.05) in male patients only average (30.16 pg/ml) compared to the control group average of (29.66 pg/ml). While results of IL - 6 concentration showed significant differences (P<0.01) in female patients with average range (63.39 pg/ml) average male (66.47 pg/ml) compared to the control group females average (2.48 pg/ml) and males average (22.80 pg/ml). Moreover the results of immunological indices the significant differences between age groups and burning scores of people with burns in comparison with the control group

دراسة عدد من المعايير الكيموحيوية والاجهاد التاكسدي لدى المرضى المصابين ببعض امراض القلب The Study of Some of Biochemical Criteria And Oxidative Stress in Patients With Certain Heart Diseases

اسم المؤلف: منى احمد لفتة النيساني
اسم المشرف: زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي موسى جاسم محمد الحميش
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: صممت الدراسة الحالية لمعرفة تاثير الاجهاد التاكسدي لدى المرضى المصابين ببعض امراض القلب عن طريق اجراء بعض الاختبارات والقياسات كالنسبة المئوية لحجم كريات الدم المرصوصة (PCV) وتركيز خضاب الدم (Hb)، وبعض الانزيمات مثل : تركيز انزيم ناقل امين الاسبارتيت (AST | The current study was designed to determine the effect of oxidative stress in patients with the certain heart diseases through some tests and measurements as the Packed Cells Volume Percentage (PCV) and hemoglobin concentration (Hb), and some enzymes as : the Concentration of Enzyme Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Creatine Phospho Kinase (CPK), Total Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), and Lactate Dehydrogenase For Heart Muscle, and some of antioxidants and oxidation factors as : Glutathione (GSH), and Malondialdehyde (MDA) respectively, and lipid profile that include : the Concentration of Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein of Cholesterol (HDL - C), Low Density Lipoprotein of Cholesterol (LDL - C), and Very Low Density Lipoprotein of Cholesterol (VLDL - C), and some other biochemical criteria as : the Concentration of Glucose, Total Protein, Albumin, Globulin, Urea, and Creatinine. It was chosen (95) blood sample back to the (80 patients and 15 healthy people), the samples were divided into four groups : The first group : included patients with Myocardial Infarction and they was (40) patients (males and females), age ranged between (35 - 89) years old.The second group : included patients with Angina Pectoris and they was (20) patients (males and females), age ranged between (32 - 85) years old.The third group : included patients with Heart Failure and they was (20) patients (males and females), age ranged between (39 - 89) years old.The control group : included (15) people (males and females), age ranged between (30 - 57) years old. The current study showed the following results : A. A significant decrease in the level (p <0.05) in : 1 - The Packed Cells Volume Percentage (PCV) and the concentration of Hemoglobin (Hb) in the heart failure group within the group of (males+females) and females gender.2 - Concentration of Glutathione (GSH) in the three pathological groups within the groups of males and females and (males+females) and age groups (60 years old and above).3 - Concentration of (HDL - C) in the three pathological groups for males and (males+females).4 - Concentration of Total protein in the myocardial infarction group for males and in the heart failure group for females and these two groups within the group of (males+females) and smokers.5 - Concentration of Albumin in the myocardial infarction and heart failure groups for males and (males+females).6 - Concentration of Globulin in the heart failure group for females and (males+females).B. A Significant increase in the level (p <0.05) in : 1 - Concentration of Enzyme Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST) in the angina pectoris group for males and the heart failure group for females and these two groups within the group of (males+females), males gender, diabetes and smokers.2 - Concentration of Enzyme Creatine Phospho Kinase (CPK) in patients with myocardial infarction for males and female and (males+females), males gender, age group (80 - 89 years old), people with high blood pressure, diabetes and smokers.3 - Concentration of Enzyme Total Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) and Lactate Dehydrogenase For Heart Muscle in the myocardial infarction group for males and females and (males+females), males gender, age group (50 - 59 years old), diabetes and smokers.4 - Concentration of Malondialdehyde (MDA) in the heart failure group for males and females and (males+females) and females gender.5 - Concentration of Total Cholesterol in a group of angina pectoris for males and females and (males+females).6 - Concentration of Triglycerides (TG) in the myocardial infarction group for females and (males+females), males gender, diabetes and smokers.7 - Concentration of (VLDL - C) in the myocardial infarction group for males and females and (males+females), males gender, diabetes and smokers.8 - Concentration of (LDL - C) in the angina pectoris and heart failure groups for males and females and (males+females).9 - Concentration of Glucose in the heart failure group for males and myocardial infarction group for females and these two groups within the group of (males+females), males gender, age groups (50 - 79 years old), diabetes and smokers.10 - Concentration of Urea in the myocardial infarction and heart failure groups for males and females and (males+females) and age groups (from 60 - 79 years old).11 - Concentration of Creatinine in a myocardial infarction group for males and females and (males+females) and age group (70 - 79 years old).

تاثير الدقائق النانوية للفضة في بعض الجوانب التركيبية والوظيفية للجهاز التناسلي الذكري للفئران Effect of Silver Nanoparticles On Some Structural And Functional Parameters of Male Reproductive System of Mice

اسم المؤلف: امير محمد جعفر علي حسين البلداوي
اسم المشرف: محمد ناجي طه
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الفسلجة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تطرقت هذه الدراسة الى معرفة تاثير الدقائق النانوية للفضة (Ag NPs) في بعض الجوانب التركيبية والوظيفية للجهاز التناسلي الذكري للفئران. جرعت الحيوانات فمويا بالـ Ag NPs بجرعة 5 ملغم/مل وللمدد 5, 10, 15 يوما وفي اليوم التالي لانتهاء كل مدة معاملة تمت التضحية | This study touched to know the effect of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on some organs of the reproductive system and the testosterone hormone in male albino mice. animals were orally dosed with 200 mg/kg of Ag NPs for 5, 10, 15 days and the next day to the end of each period of treatment has animal sacrificed and autopsy after taking their weights before and after the treatment for the comparison between them and then took the testes and epididymis (head and tail) from them after measuring their weights. This study included the study of changes in the weight of animals and organs, sperm characters in both the testes and epididymis, the percentage of cells generating sperm, the number of Leydig cells and the diameters of these cell nuclei, changes in the seminiferous tubules in the testes and changes in epididymis tubule and histopathological changes as well as changes in testosterone level. The results of the animals weights before treatment showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) compared to the weights of the same animals after treatment, while the results of this study after comparing with the control group showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the weights of testes and tunica albuginea for the periods of 5, 10 and 15 days. The epididymis showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the average weights of the epididymis head for the three periods while the average weights of the epididymis tail showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) for the periods of 10 and 15 days. The vitality and the concentration of the sperms showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in their percentages for the three periods. All the results above showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) when they compared between the three periods of the treatment. While the sperm abnormalities showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in their percentage in each of the testes and epidydimes for the periods 5, 10, 15 days with a significant increase (P<0.05) in these abnormalities when they compared between the three periods of the treatment. The histological results of this study after comparing to the control group revealed histopathological changes in the testes and the epididymis (head and tail). The percentage of spermatogenesis showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the number of spermatogonia, primary spermatocyte and sperms when compared to the control group with a significant decrease in the number of these cells when compared the three treatment periods with each other. While the number of secondary spermatocyte and spermatids was significantly increased (P<0.05) when compared with the control, with a significant increase in the number of these cells when comparing the three periods of treatment. Whereas the results of Leydig cells after comparing to the control group showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the number and the diameter of the cell nucleus. The results of this study also showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the thickness and the diameter of the seminiferous tubules of the testes and the thickness, The epithelium height of the epididymis (head and tail) when compared to the control group with significantly decrease in the thickness and diameter of the seminiferous tubules of the testes and the thickness and epithelium height of the epididymis (head and tail) when they compared between the three treatment periods. The results of this study when compared to the control group showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the level of the testosterone hormone with significantly increase (P<0.05) in the testosterone level when compared between the periods of 5, 10, 15 days. From these findings it is concluded that the AgNps crossed the blood - testis barrier and caused many changes to the testicular tissues and decreased the level of the testosterone. This may affect the fertility of mice.

دراسة تاثير النفط الخام وهايدروكسيد الامونيوم على بعض صفات الترب ونمو نبات الشعير الابيض Study The Effect of Crude Oil And Ammonium Hydroxide on Some Characteristics of Soils And Plant Growth of Barley White

اسم المؤلف: براء محمد ابراهيم
اسم المشرف: جهاد ذياب محل الجنابي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: البيئة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • البيئة - التلوث البيئي
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: شمل البحث دراسة انتشار المخلفات النفطية وهايدروكسيد الامونيوم في مقاطع لاربعة ترب مختلفة النسجة وهي التربة (المزيجية الرملية، المزيجية الغرينية، المزيجية الطينية 1، والمزيجية الطينية 2)؛ اجريت التجربة باستخدام صندوق مصنوع من الخشب الغير منفذ للماء؛ اذ قسم | Research involved studying the spread of oil residues and hydroxide ammonium in excerpts of four soils of different Texture, the soil (sand, gypsum, Loam, and clay); experiment was carried out using a box made of wood and non - port of the water; it was divided into four sections with barriers, wooden supported tin galvanized to ensure that Waste oil spread between the different types of soils, left central Hole made of tin and galvanized perforated and lined with container made of filter paper. Container filled with waste oil and allowed to seep into sections of the four soils through the holes, where waste oil was allowed to spread for 45 days, after which a series of analyzes were conducted to look for oil residue in the soil sections of the experiment. Then added ammonium hydroxide liquid substance in the central Jura and left for 45 days also were conducted after a series of analyzes to determine the changes and the effects on the soil material and components; was also white barley cultivation, After two months of growth, a set of analyzes were conducted Hordeun vulgare Barley and whose scientific name to find out the impact of oil on the chemical characteristics and uptake of heavy metals.Results were recorded the highest prevalence rate of the waste by 218.5 ppm in the Loam soil in depth 15 cm, while the lowest in the clay soil at the depth of 45 cm 44.8 ppm, while in the sandy soil did not happen the spread in the depths of 15 cm and 30 cm; also recorded the highest connectivity Power in the Loam soil 5.37 Micro Smenz / cm and recorded clay soil less connectivity, electric 1.81 Micro Smenz / cm; and when measuring the pH was recorded sandy soil 8.3, while they recorded the soil gypsum 7.5 As for the relative humidity in the soil recorded soil Loam the highest percentage is 93.55% in while the lowest percentage recorded in the soil moisture gypsum 57.90%. Were measured concentration of heavy metals such as cobalt, where the highest concentration in sandy soils 15.40 ppm while the lowest concentration him in the clay soil 7.10 ppm; and cadmium, where the highest concentration in soil gypsum 58.10 ppm in return was the lowest concentration of cadmium 14.60 part million in the clay soil; and when measured the highest concentration of lead found in the soil has Loam reaching 122.80 ppm was the lowest concentration of lead in soil clay 71.90 ppm.Reached the highest value of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in plants grown in clay soils (3.21, 2.96) Eq ml / g, respectively, while the highest concentration of phosphorus, chlorine, magnesium, sodium, calcium, and potassium in the soil clay (5.6, 15.9, 2.9, 16.4, 20.1, 46) ppm, respectively;As for the heavy elements (chromium, cobalt, cadmium, lead, and iron) have the highest concentrations in plants grown in soil gypsum, as was (0.98, 0.24, 0.70, 0.31, 14) ppm.While the lowest value for chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b in plants grown in sandy soil (1.62, 1.24) Eq ml / g, while the lowest concentration of elements (phosphorus, chlorine, magnesium, sodium, calcium and potassium) in plants grown in sandy soil reaching (4.2, 4.1, 1.2, 5.9, 1.2, 12.2) ppm, the lowest concentrations of heavy elements were recorded in the sandy soil as well as the (0.03, 0.12, 0.20, 0.20, 8.3) ppm.

تاثير تربية الاسماك بالاقفاص الموضوعة في نهر دجلة المار بمدينة بغداد في مجتمع الهائمات القشرية The Impact of Fish Farming By Cages Placed In The Tigris River At Baghdad City On The Community of Crustacean Zooplankton

اسم المؤلف: حارث قاسم مهدي
اسم المشرف: صباح فرج عبد الاحد
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - اللافقريات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان الاثار البيئية لزراعة الاسماك في اقفاص التربية في العراق لم تتم دراستها بصورة جيدة،علما ان هذا النشاط يمارس على نحو متزايد وهناك حاجة كبيرة لدراسة الاثار المترتبة على ذلك.اجريت الدراسة الحالية على مواقع اقفاص تربية الاسماك في نهر دجلة شمال بغداد للتعر | The present study took place on fish farming cages located in the Tigris River in the north Baghdad, to in order to study the effects of high fish densities on zooplankton communies in addition to study of some physical and chemical factors.The environmental effects of fish farming in cages in Iraq have not been studied well, knowing that this activity is practiced increasingly and there was a significant need to study the implications of this important mater.The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of carpfish farming cages on the density of zooplankton in the Tigris River, The samples were taken twiece a month form the three stations for six months from January to June 2014 in three selected stations in the river stream : the first place was Al - Rashidiya station which located in Al - Rashidiya area (Kadhim Al - Ali), 5 km from tourist Baghdad island and the second station was Algriaat 1 which located in Algriaat area in Rusafa side of Baghdad city corresponding to the Kadhimiya near the bridge of riverain pedestrian (Al - Duab bridge) connecting between Al - Rashidiya, while the Al - Kadhimiya and the third station was Algriaat 2 which located in Algria’at zone corresponding to the area of Kadhimiya.The study included the identification studying the density of three grops of zooplankton which were Calanoida, Cyclopoida and Cladocera in addition to the measurement of some physical and chemical characteristics of river water and its effect on the three zooplankton community according to their importance, which included velocity of water current, water temperature electrical Conductivity and Salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen(DO), biological oxygen demand (BOD), phosphate concentration and nitrate concentration. The results of the present study showed that the density of Cladocera. Was lower than the densities of Calanoida & Cyclopida in the three station. on the other hand the current study showed that the densities of both Calanoida and Cyclopoida were oscillatory during the months of th study between highest and lowest, without in statistically significant differences, but the highest densities in June, and this study shows that the highest densities of the three groups of zooplankton were recorded in June. The present study showed a negative effect of the high density of the fish in the cages on the density rate of planktonic crustacea by reducing the numbers and the density of planktonic crustacea community inside cages. Compared with planktonic crustacea community outside the cages and with those within 100 meters far from cages, the differences were statisticaly singnficance.On the other hand regarding to the results of the physical and chemical factors it was found a highest that the velocity of water current rate was 82.50 cm/s in Algria’at 2, while the lowest was 43.33 cm/s in Al - Rashidiya station.Water temperatures ranged between 9C° in Algria’at 2 to 32C° in Al - Rashidiya station during the study period.The highest rate of electrical conductivity was 1032.00 ?S/cm in Algria’at 1, while the lowest was 765.25 ?S/cm in Al - Rashidiya station, while the highest rate of the salinity concentration in the fish cages was 0.66 mg/L in Algria’at 1 and the lowest concentration of salinity was in Al - Rashidiya 0.48 mg/L.pH values ranged between 7.20 in Algria’at 2 to 8.05 in Algria’at 1 in March for both stations, whil the concentration of dissolved Oxygen in water concentration ranged between 5.95 mg/l in Al - Rashidiya to 7.70 in Al - Rashidiya and Algriaat 1. and the Biological Oxygen Demand ranged was between 4.11 mg/l in Algriaat 1 to 6.50 mg/L in Al - Rashidiya station during February for both stations. It was also found that the lowest concentration of phosphate was 0.016 ml/l in Algriaat 2 in april while the highest concentration was 0.075 mg/l algreaat2 in march Also it was found that the lowest cocentration of nitrate 0.82 mg/l was recorded in al griaat 2 in fabruart while the highest conceneation 1.90 mg/l was recorded in Al Rashidya in june.All the results of the physical and chemical factors founded were within normal allowable environmentally boundaries and which have no effect on the aquatic planktonic crustacea community.

دراسة مظهرية ووراثية عن بكتريا Enterococcus faecalis المعزولة من مصادر سريرية مختلفة في مدينة الديوانية Phenotypic And Genotypic Study On Enterococcus Faecalis Isolated From Different Clinical Sources In Al - Diwaniyah City

اسم المؤلف: حيدر سعود مايح الكرعاوي
اسم المشرف: ازهار نوري حسين الموسوي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية - البكتريا
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: جمعت 280 عينة من حالات سريرية مختلفة من مستشفى الديوانية التعليمي ومستشفى الولادة والاطفال في مدينة الديوانية للفترة من 20/11/2012 لغاية 12/4/2013، لغرض عزل وتشخيص المكورات المعوية البرازية Enterococcus faecalis ودراستها مظهريا ووراثيا. اذ عزلت وشخصت 20 ع | Two hundred eighty samples were collected from different clinical cases of Diwaniyah Educational Hospital and Maternity and Children Hospital in the city of Diwaniyah, during the period from 20/11/2012 till 12/04/2013. 20 isolates of Enterococcus faecalis were isolated and identified.This isolates distributed on : 10 isolates from urinary tract infections and 10 isolates from cases of diarrhea while not isolated from wound and burn infections. The results of morphological cultures and microscopic study, biochemical tests, In addition to the use of diagnostic system Histrep and then the final diagnosis by a Vitek 2. Molecular diagnosis showed that all isolates contained 16S rRNA gene. Susceptibility test was done for all bacterial isolates against (9) antibiotics. The results showed that all isolates were complete resistance (100%) against Erythromycin, Tetracycline, Rifampin and Ciprofloxacin. While its resistance for other antibiotics was varied. The resistance isolates for Chloramphenicol, Nitrofurantoin, Penicillin, Gentamycin and Vancomycin were 50 %, 85%, 60 %, 70 % and 35 %, respectively. The results showed that the total resistance for E.faecalis isolates was higher than the sensitivity (more than 70% of these antibiotics). Polymerase chain reaction was used for detecting some genes for antibiotics resistance. The results showed that 7 bacterial isolates had van gene which were resistance to Vancomycin. 6 isolates of these bacteria contained vanB gene while one isolate contained vanA gene. Also the results showed that the bacterial isolates had antibiotics resistance genes as follow : aac (6) - aph (2) gene responsible for resistance to Gentamycin, cat gene responsible for resistance to Chloramphenicol, erm (A)gene responsible for resistance to Erythromycin, and tet (M) gene responsible for resistance to Tetracycline were 70%, 50%, 45%, 100% respectively. Some virulence factors had been detected for bacterial isolates including the ability of isolates of haemolysin production, protease production, gelatinase production and the ability to capsule formation. The results showed that 5 isolates (25 %) its ability of producing was type beta, and 15 isolates(75%) its ability of producing protease, 8 (40%) its ability of producing the gelatinase , and 5 isolates (25%) had the ability on capsule formation. The investigation for these virulence factors in genotypic method, the results showed that bacterial isolates had cylA gene responsible for the production of haemolysin, asal gene responsible for the production of aggregation substance, esp gene responsible for the production of Surface proteins for Enterococcus faecalis and hyl gene responsible for the production of hyaluronidase the percentage 25%, 90%, 55% and 5% respectively.

التشخيص الجزيئي للخمائر والاعفان المرافقة لمخلفات الطيور وتقييم كفاءة بعض المستخلصات النباتية ضد خميرة Cryptococcus Molecular Identification of Molds And Yeast Associated To Birds Wast And Evalution Efficiency of Some Plant Extract Against Cryptococcus

اسم المؤلف: رسل عصام علي الظاهر
اسم المشرف: زيدان خليف عمران المعموري
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الحياة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بابل - كلية العلوم للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية عزل وتشخيص الاعفان والخمائر المرافقة لمخلفات الطيور باستخدام بعض التقنيات المظهرية والجزيئية. كما تم اختبار فعالية المستخلصات المائية لنبات وعرك لوية والقرنفل والبابونج في تثبيط نمو خميرة Cryptococcus neoformans.تم جمع 190 عينة من م | The present study aimed to isolation and diagnosis the molds and yeast from birds extract by use some of phenotype and molecular techinces. As well as the aqeous plant extracts of clove and Germin Chamamilla and east indian scrow tree.to inhibition Cryptococcus neoformans growth there is about 191 isolate was been collected from Babil and Karbala included 30 isolate (10 isolate hand printing and 10 isolate from ambiend air of bird brought zone, and 10 isolate from cough of men they are dealing with birds in pitry dish containing SDA media. The other 161 isolate was been collected from the wet and dry bird extract from the different environment.Culture method was used in the diagnosis as CHROMagar media to diagnosis Candida spp. Also used the haemolysis test of Macrorhabdus ornithogaster yeast and phospholipase and Urease test of Cryptococcus neoformans yeast.And used the molecular methods as DNA extraction and used PCR technice by use universal and specific primers.Results of analysis isolation and diagnosis showed that the maximum of present appearance was for Candida spp. 45.34% and molds Rhizopus sp. appearance percent 27.32% and frequency percent 28.21% and 3.65% consequently M. ornithogaster appearance percent 4.96% and frequency percent 35.77% while the other molds and yeast have appearance percent between 0.62 - 19.25% and frequency percent between 0.07 - 19.75% and the result of CHROMagar for Candida gives different color C.albicans was green color and C.krusei was pinki color.Cryptococcus showed apositive result in phospholipase and Urease test. haemolysis test of Macrorhabdus yeast was positive the hot aqeous plant extracts of clove and Germin Chamamilla and east indian scrow tree have the activity to inhibit the growth of Cryptococcus neoformans, but the more activity was east indian scrow tree with concentration 4%.The pair primer CAP60 succesful to diagnose Cryptococcus neoformans It was 603bp and primer AGY1\Sm2 successful to diagnose Macrorhabdus yeast

انتشار انزيمات بيتالاكتاميز نوع OXA بين عزلات بكتيريا الزوائف الزنجارية في مدينة الديوانية Prevalence of OXA Beta - Lactamaes of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa In Al - Diwaniya City

اسم المؤلف: رنا مشعل سالم
اسم المشرف: سيوف خومان علوان الرماحي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
النص الكامل من المصدر: https://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%A7-%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%B9%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B7-ilovepdf-compressed.pdf
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The aim of This study is to determine the prevalence of OXA ? - lactamase in pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from clinical and other environmental cases in Al - Diwaniya Teaching Hospital using phenotypic and molecular methods.The Samples of the study were collected from various sources and they were 390 samples for the period from November 2011 to March 2012, and they includ (292 clinical specimens and 98 environmental sample), the results of cultural and biochemical tests showed that 50 isolates (39 of them were from clinical cases and 11 were from environmental samples), belonged to ps. aeruginosa, and their diagnosis were confirmed by 16s - ribosomal RNA, and the study showed that all the isolates containing the 16s - ribosomal RNA gene, which represents the designed diagnostic gene in this study.The results of this study showed that the higher rate of P. aeruginosa isolates was due to burns infections (23.68 %) , followed by respiratory tract infections (sputum) that were (15.38 %) and then the case to otitis media infections (12.5 %), and lastly that due to urinary tract infections (10.49 %), while the rate isolation from the environmental samples was (5.11 %) from the floor of burns department, followed by (10.8 %) from the medical instruments of department workers.It was noted from this study that the age and gender of the patients have some effect on the infection by P. aeruginosa it was recorded that the higher rate of infection was in patients older then 61 year old, and regarding gender, it was found that females are more infected than male, especially in urinary tract infections. The study showed that there is high rate of infection in the admitted patients, in older people and in those who need urinary catheterization, in addition to those with severe burns and those in the intensive care units. Drug sensitivity test had been carried out for all the bacterial isolates to 22 types of antibiotics by disk diffusion method of Kirby - Bauer, and this study had indicated that there was relatively high resistance from P. aeruginosa to ? - lactam antibiotics, aminoglycoseides, and fluoroquinolone. The results also showed that the studied isolates has possibility of producing broad - spectrum ? - lactames enzymes, and this is supported by the resistance of this bacteria to the third generation cephalosporins and to Alaztronam, it was also shown that there was difference in the resistance to carbapenems antibiotics, the resistance rate to imipenem and meropenem were 16% and 64 %, respectively. Polymyxin B and Polymyxin E also called (Colistin) antibiotics were also used, and the resistance rate %0 for Colistin and %4 for Polymyxin B, that means there was two isolates which are resistant to Polymyxin B and this resistance was a challenge to the success of therapeutic efforts. this study noted that there was 22 (44%) isolates which were resistant to at least three types of antibiotics, and regarded as multi - drug resistant (MDR) and Extensive - drug resistance (XDR) isolates were26 (52%) which was the higher rate among the three types of resistance, The third type of resistance was 2 (4%) which represents the resistance to all types of studied antibiotics (PDR). The ability of these isolates to produce broad - spectrum OXA ? - lactames enzymes groups was investigated thrrough detection of presence of genes blaOXA - 10, blaLCR - 1, blaOXA - 18, blaOXA - 1, blaOXA - 2 in these isolates by using the polymerization chain reaction enzyme technology] (PCR) it showed 50/50 (100%) isolates contain blaOXA - 10 gene, which belongs to the OXA group I, and the results of this study showed no amplification results for blaOXA - 18, blaLCR - 1, blaOXA - 1, blaOXA - 2 genes, which belong to the main groups of broadspectrum OXA ? - lactames enzymes which are OXAgroup II, OXAgroup III and OXA groupV respectively except OXA18 enzyme

دراسـة مظهرية وتشريحيـة مقارنة للاجناس Sophora L. وTaverniera DC. وSecurigera DC. (Leguminosae) في العراق Morphological And Anatomical Study of Genera Sophora L., Taverniera Dc. And Securigera Dc.(Leguminosae) In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: زهراء قاسم عبد محسن الكلابي
اسم المشرف: ازهار عبد الامير سوسة
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمن البحث الحالي دراسة مظهرية وتشريحية لثلاث اجناس للعائلة البقولية Leguminosae في العراق وهي Securigera DC. وSophora L. وTaverniera DC.، ودرس نوع واحد من الجنسين الاول.securidaca S والثالث T.nummularia ونوعين من الجنس الثاني So.japonica وSo.gibbosa.تم | The present research included Morphological and Anatomical study for three genera Securigera DC. , Sophora L. and Taverniera DC. belong to the family Leguminosae in Iraq. Four species it was taking one species of the first genus S.securidaca and third genus T.nummularia , two species from the second genera So.japonica, So.gibbosa. The study of Qualitative and quantitative characters of vegetative and reproductive parts were also study and discuss The variation in These qualities. Morphological traits were compared in terms qualities of characters of Habit and Duration , stems, leaves, stipules, inflorescences , bracts and parts floral , fruit and indumentum. Species were separated and placed in groups depending on the obvious differences and similarities these qualities as some of morphological characteristics such as the shape of Leaves, if possible to isolate species T.nummularia it have Unifoliolate Leaves and the outer species have Imparipinnate and the rest of stipules shape in isolate species S.securidaca if was a shape Foliar and other species was Spiny and other qualities. other variations have been discussed with in the qualities. And it became clear of Habit and Duration , stems, leaves, stipules, bracts and parts floral, fruit were of considerable taxonomic value. The study also involved anatomical characters of different organs particularly the leaf epidermis, indumentum, cross section of the leaves, petioles and stems also venation.as some Anatomical characters like species S.securidaca for the rest of the species it Undulate wall clearly been under review also benefit from cross section of the stems as possible to isolate species S.securidaca it was Hollow and empty Pith from the cinter either species was Solid if occupies the Pith status. show that many of anatomical characteristics specially the stem, leaf and also the shape of the walls of epidermal cells and some qualities indumentum taxonomic importance were assessed. Taxonomic treatment has been carried out for all genera and their species and a key was designed for them. with description for each genus and species in this study.

التاثير القاتل لمستخلصات نبات اليوكالبتوس Eucalyptus camaldulensis في يرقات بعض انواع البعوض (Diptera : Culicidae) في التجمعات المائية لمزارع القمح والشعير في ضواحي مدينة الكوت - العراق Extracts Killer Effect of Eucalyptus Camaldulensis Plant On Larvae of Some Mosquito Species (Diptera : Culicidae) In Aquatic Pools of Wheat And Barley Farms In Suburbs of Kut / Iraq

اسم المؤلف: زينب محمد عباس
اسم المشرف: جميل سعد السراي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة واسط - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: شملت الدراسة جمع عينات من يرقات الطور الثالث والرابع لبعض انواع البعوض من الجداول المائية لمزارع القمح والشعيرفي مدينة الكوت - واسط / العراق خلال الموسم الزراعي الممتد من تشرين الثاني 2013 ولغاية نيسان 2014 ومن ثم تقييم فاعلية المستخلص المائي والكحولي لاو | The present study was established to evaluate the effectiveness of the water and alcohol extracts of Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnhardt Leaves on the killing of the 3rd - 4th instar larvae of some mosquito species collected from Wheat and Barley fields in AL - Kut city, Wasit province / Iraq, during the period of six months (November 2013 - May 2014). This study has been demonstrated the following results : The study showed the presence of three types in the study aquatic environment distributed on gender, type I return to the genus Aedes, a type Aedes caspius pallas and appeared during months November 2013 to February 2014. The types other two Faaudan to genus Culex two type Culex tritaeniorhynchus Giles and Culex pipines L has appeared during March and April 2014, respectively, of a monthly period extending from from November 2013 to the end of the study in April 2014. The results of the study showed the water and alcohol extract leaves the plant E. camaldulensis kill larvae in the third and fourth instar of the three types of mosquitoes effect. The following : - The alcohol extract of Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves was more effective on the mortality of mosquito larvae than water extract after 24h following treatment. In which the (10000 ppm) at the highest concentration of both extracts (alcohol and water) showed the highest response. The mortality rate of larvae Ae.caspius of alcohol and water extracts were (100, 90) % respectively. As well as the alcoholic LC50 and LC90 that were given to same species, were calculated and the results were (8, 2700 ppm) respectively. Whilst the water extract at the same lethal concentrations findings were (2500, 9900 ppm) respectively. - The mortality rate of larvae Cx. tritaeniorhynchus of alcohol and water extracts were (73, 66) % respectively. As well as the alcoholic LC50 and LC90 that were given to same species, were calculated and the results were (6400, 12500 ppm) respectively. Whilst the water extract at the same lethal concentrations findings were (5600, 11400 ppm) respectively. - The mortality rate of larvae Cx. pipines of alcohol and water extracts were (43, 3.3) % respectively. As well as the alcoholic LC50 and LC90 that were given to same species, were calculated and the results were (16100, 22300ppm) respectively. Whilst the water extract at the same lethal concentrations findings were (zero, zero) respectively.

دور الفئران المنزلية Mus musculus والجرذان النرويجية Rattus norvegicus في وبائية بعض الامراض الطفيلية من اوالي الدم والانسجة في مدينة تكريت وضواحيها The Role of Mus Musculus And Rattus Norvegicus in The Epidemiology of Some Blood And Tissues Parasite Diseases of Protozoa in Tikrit City And It's Districts

اسم المؤلف: شيلان قادر صادق الصالحي
اسم المشرف: توفيق ابراهيم محمد الالوسي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الحياة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة في مناطق وبعض اقضية محافظة صلاح الدين للفترة من كانون الاول 2006 الى الفترة تشرين الثاني 2007، وتم فحص 200 نموذجا من الفئران المنزلية Mus musculus و50 نموذجا من الجرذان النرويجية Rattus norvegicus جمعت من ثماني مناطق وهي حي شيشين وحي الجمعية | The study was carried out in various regions of Selah El - Deen from the period 12 - 2006 to 11 - 2007. In this research a total of two hundred Mus musculs and fifty Rattus norvegicus from eight regions of Selah El - Deen area, namely, Sheshen area, Al - Jamiea area, Al - Sikak area, Al - Kadisea, Al - Alban Factory, Al - Dor, Samara and Al - Alam were investigated. The examination results of the brain, liver, spleen and blood smears of each rodent were showed 4 species of parasitic protozoa : 1. Toxoplasma gondii : This species found in Mus musculs only with the percentage of infection (2.0%).2. Leishmania spp. : This species found in Rattus norvegicus only with the percentage of infection (2.0%).3. Eperythrozoon coccoides : This species found in the blood of Mus musculs only with the percentage of infection (1.5%).4. Encephalitozoon cuniculi : This species found in Mus musculs with the percentage of infection (3.0%), and in Rattus norvegicus with the percentage of infection (4.0%).The percentage of infection in Mus musculs was (6.5%) but the percentage of infection in Rattus norvegicus was (6.0%).Encephalitozoon cuniculi appeared in a high percentage of infection in both Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus.The experimental results of heart and lungs tissues for all rodents studied was negative. The statistic results showed no significant difference in percentage of infection among species of protozoa in Rattus norvegicus, but there were significant difference in percentage of infection among species of protozoa in Mus musculus.There were no significant difference in percentage of infection between collection area of Rattus norvegicus, but there were significant difference in percentage between collection regions of Mus musculus.The seasons of year had no significant difference on the percentage of infection with Rattus norvegicus, but there were significant difference in percentage between the seasons of year in Mus musculus.Rodents sex showed no significant difference in percentage of infection in Mus musculus and Rattus norvegicus

دراسة تاثير مستخلصات القرفة (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) والسماق (Rhus coriaria) في التثبيط المايكروبي وبعض المعايير الحيوية في ذكور الجرذان Study The Effects of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum Zeylanicum) And Sumac (Rhus Coriaria) Extracts on Microbial Inhibition And Some Biological Parameters in Rats Male

اسم المؤلف: فراس عدنان حسين الزيدي
اسم المشرف: كركز محمد ثلج الجبوري
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: صممت الدراسة في مختبرات قسم علوم الحياة / كلية التربية وقسم علوم الاغذية / كلية الزراعة في جامعة تكريت, اذ تضمنت الدراسة التعرف على المواد الفعالة في المستخلصات المائية والكحولية في كل من قلف القرفة وبذور السماق واختبار فعاليتها التثبيطية عند تركيز 10, 25 | This study was conducted in Biology department laboratory / Education college and Food science department in Agriculture college in Tikrit University. the study was conducted to investigated to the aquaies and alcoholic activities extracts from each Cinnamon bark and sumac seeds and assay of inhibition activity concentration at 10, 25, 50 and 100 mg/wells against gram positive and negative bacteria and phagocytosis Immunity level after injection by E.coli type, further more to study the effect it in some physiological parameters in male rats after oral administration for 8 days by 50 and 100 mg/kg from rats body weight from each aquais and alcoholic extracts. The results was illustrated the aquaies and alcoholic extracts from each Cinnamon bark and sumac seeds were contains the active groups from compound such as Tannins, Resins, Phenols, Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Glycosides, Coumarins. while the effects was found the aquaies extracts a high significantly effects (p < 0.05) from alcoholic by inhibition ability when assay. The Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) from each ones which mass 50 and 125 mg/ml from culture media to inhibition concentration by E.coli and S.pyogen cinnamon bark aquaies extract. it was 75 and 100 mg/ml from culture media to inhibition concentration by E.coli and S.pyogen from alcohol extracting its inhibiting efficiency throw the measure of the diameter of the inhibiting area that has shown that the gratest effect was E.coli bacteria which its diameter of inhibiting area 17 mm and when the concentration is 100 mg/wells from the alcoholic and aquaies extracting and the less effect is S.pyogen and S.aeruginosa in case of the extraction from cinnamon bark it was 17 mm the diameter of inhibiting area of E.coli bacteria. when the concentration 100 mg/wells from aquaies extracting from sumac. whether with alcohol extraction, the bacterial type were similar in their sensitivity in diameter of inhibiting from 18 to 20 mm but the oral administration of the extract on the level of phagocytosis process through the injection of rats in affixed number from E.coli bacteria. The result was illustrated the type of concentration from each cinnamon bark and sumac seeds such as aquaies and alcoholic was caused an increase in the phagocytosis process through the significantly decrease in the number of bacteria with increase of the concentration from the groups that oral administration from extraction that there number wear (zero) on the concentration 100 mg/kg from rats body weight when the time is 120 minute which was equal with effincy of the ciprofloxacin antibiotic on the concentration 5 mg/kg from rats body weight. The result also showed the effect of oral administration from the extraction of cinnamon bark and sumac seeds such as aquaies and alcoholic, that significantly caused the decreased in the concentration of the hemoglobin and Total count red blood cells and the packed cell volume on the concentration 100 mg/kg from the weight but the measures have not significantly changed the parameters MCV, MCH, MCHC with increase of concentration from extraction compared with the group of controlling. The white blood cells also decreased in the significantly aquaeis and alcoholic extracting from the cinnamon bark it was 6.8 × 103/mm3 on the oral administration of the rats from the concentration 100 mg/kg from the body weight of the aquaeis extracting, and 6.8 × 103/mm3 on the oral administration of the rats from the concentration 100 mg/kg from the body weight of the alcoholic extracting, That numbers have not affected during the oral administration from the extractions of sumac only on the concentration 100 mg/kg from the body weight of the alcohol extracting which was 5.6 × 103/mm3 the increase was in the ratio of the number of the neutrophils in the whole extraction alcoholic and aquaies for the both of plants. While the effect of oral administration from the extraction in the lipids profiles was clear in the decrease significantly in the concentration of the glucose and albumin and Urea and uric acid and creatinine and triglyceride and, cholesterol, and the low density lipoproteins (LDL) and very low density lipoproteins (VLDL), significant increasing in globulin and high density lipoproteins (HDL) in aquaies and alcoholic extraction of sumac seeds while the value of Total protein and HDL is not significantly differtited in aquaies and alcoholic extraction moreover oral administration of the both of plants. The enzyme activity value was included significantly decreased of the Alkaline phosphtase activity value with the increased orally administration from aquaies and alcoholic extracts from both of plants, while increased significantly Aspartames amenotransferase (AST) activity value in all cinnamon extracts while was significantly decreased when administrate from sumac seeds extract, But don’t significantly differ Alanine amenotransferase (ALT) activity value in all concentration from aquaies and alcoholic extracts from both of plants.

دراسة صنفين من الحنطة (.Triticum aestivum L) من الناحيتين الفسلجية والتشريحية لتحمل الملوحة A Study of Two Varieties of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.) From Physiological And Anatomical Sides For Salt Tolerance

اسم المؤلف: فراس نايف صالح العزاوي
اسم المشرف: وسام مالك داود
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة في كلية الزراعة/جامعة ديالى في الموسم الشتوي 2013\2014 بهدف دراسة تاثير مستويات الملوحة مقارنة, 6،4،2 ديسيسيمنز. م_1 في الصفات الفسلجية لصنفين من الحنطة هي الوزن الجاف لكل من المجموع الخضري والجذري والنسبة بينهما ومحتوى الكلوروفيل، وارتف | This study was conducted in the collage of agricultural - university of Diyala in winter season (2013 - 2014) for studying the effect of salinities levels 2, 4, 6 ds.m - 1 to physiological traits for two wheat cuiltivars it dry weight for shoot and root and ration between them, chlorophyll content, plant height, spike length and weight 1000 grain, and anatomical traits such us skin thickness, number of stomata and width of vascular band for two wheat cuiltivars (Triticum astivum. L).While results showed : Djla cuiltivars exceed upon Ebaa 99 in all traits except weight 1000 grain trait, decreased plant height traits in Djla cuiltivars all salinities levels, decreased averages height 38.40, 49.30, 42.66,., 30.40cm.while results decreased Dry weight of root.3.34, 2.82, 1.90, 1.80gm respectively.While results showed significant differences in anatomical traits Djla cuiltivars exceed upon Ebaa 99 effect of deferent salinities levels gave marked rise in thickness of epidermis 8.9, 10.18, 11.6, 11, 00. Mm respectively, While exceed Ebaa 99 upon Djla width of vascular band trait 30.00 32.2, 039.7. , 39.9. Mm.

دراسة تشخيصية وجزيئية لطفيلي الجيارديا المعوية Giardia intestinalis لدى الاطفال المصابين بالاسهال في محافظة القادسية Diagnostic And Molecular Study of Giardia Intestinalis In Children Infected With Diarrhea In Al - Qadisiya Province

اسم المؤلف: لبنى عبد القادر خنياب الابراهيمي
اسم المشرف: هادي مدلول حمزة الميالي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية - الطفيليات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية فحص 926 عينة غائط للاطفال المصابين بالاسهال والمراجعين لمستشفى الديوانية التعليمي ومستشفى الولادة والاطفال، وبعض المراكز الصحية والمختبرات الاهلية في محافظة القادسية خلال المدة ما بين 1/11/2012 الى 30/6/2013 وللفئات العمرية من ?1 - 1 | The current study included examination of 926 stool samples of children with diarrhea who attended to didactic hospital in Al - Diwaniya. The maternity hospital, some health centers and competent laboratories in Al - Qadisiya province during the period from 1/11/2012 to 30/6/2013 and for age range of ? 1 - 12 year exclusively. The current study showed the rate of total infection of Giardia parasite was 5.61% (52 of 926 samples). They were examined by direct wet smear method and floatation method by using light microscope to detect the trophozoite and cyst phases of parasite. It was found in numerous stool samples. The results of samples showed that the infection in males was higher than in females 6.12% and 5.11 % respectively. The age range 2 - 4 years recorded highest incidence of infection and the age range 8 - 10 years recorded the lowest incidence of infection 13.87% and 1.52 % respectively. Also it was recorded higher infection rate in June and the lower infection rate in January 10.37% and 1.92% respectively. It was recorded higher infection rate among the rural population in comparing with urban population 7.07% and 4.45 % respectively. statistical analysis results show a significant differences at(P?0.05). In the present study, Real - Time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect Giardia parasite infection in microscope positive examined samples where it had record total Infection rate of 73.07% (38 of 52). Statistical analysis of survey results after depending on PCR technique showed significant differences in infection among the age range. The age range 2 - 4 years had recorded the higher infection rate 83.33% while there are no significant differences of infection according sex.It reached in males to 75% in comparing with females 70.83 %, also it did not show significant differences in infection rate according to living areas.It had reached in rural areas to 75.86 % in comparing with urban areas 69.56%. In addition, polymerase chain reaction technique was used (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP - PCR) to determine genotypes of Giardia intestinalis parasite for 20 case from diarrhea positive cases of children in Al - Qadisiya province, by amplifying gene (gdh) glutamate dehydrogenase gene by using specialists primer. They are GDHiF and GDHiR It got the amplification results successfully in all stool samples of 20 and positive examined Real - Time PCR were it had determined the existence of gdh gene of molecular weight of 432bp in all those samples. The study showed that 7 of the previous samples belong to genotype A (35%) and 13 samples belong to genotype B (65%).It showed that all samples of genotype A belong to secondary genotype AII in rate 100%, while samples of genotype B belong to two secondary genotypes, they are BIII (61.53%) and BIV (38.46%). The study showed the appearance of genotype A in the age range under six years, while genotype B in all age range approximately. The distribution of genotypes according to sex and housing it had record both genotypes appeared in both sex with different rate genotype B was more appearance than genotype A in males than females. According to the nature of housing secondary genotype AII had appeared in rate 70% in urban areas, while genotype B with its secondary different genotypes in both areas urban and rural, but with higher rate in rural areas (100 % and 30 % respectively). We had concluded from the current study that there is a close relationship between infection, the sex, age range, nature of settlment and monthly distribution.There are two basic geno types in province, they are A and B, for each of them there aresecondary genotypes AII, BIII, BIV.

تاثير طريقة الزراعة بالشتل لصنفين من الذرة الصفراء Zea mays L. الربيعية تحت نظام الري بالتنقيط Effect of Transplanting Method of Two Maize Cultivars Zea Mays L. Under Drip Irrigation System

اسم المؤلف: نضال ياسر عباس الغركان
اسم المشرف: وسام مالك داود
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: A field experiment was carried out at the Experimental Fields of Department of Field Crops Sciences - Faculty of Agriculture - Diyala University during 2014 within the project of the development of maize for spring season in Iraq to study the response of two varieties of maize grown in spring season to transplanting technique under drip irrigation system. Maize seed of varieties Broujen and Cadiz were planted in dates 15/ 1, 15/ 2 and 15/ 3 in Polyethylene bags 8 cm diameter and 18 cm depth in the greenhouse. Seedlings were transferred on 15/1 and 15/2 to the field in 15/3. While the varieties of maize planted inside a greenhouse in 15/ 3 when plants were 4 to 5 leaves transferred to the permanent field. It was in 5 / 4, after 21 days from planting. The experiment was applied according to the Split Plots Design with three replications. Each replicate was divided into two main plots (Broujen and Cadiz variety). Each main plot was divided into four secondary plots which were treatments of methods of agriculture (method of transplanting technique in the greenhouse which is seedlings 15/1, seedlings 15/2, seedlings 15/3 and traditional agriculture method in the permanent field in 15/3). Results have shown that seedlings dates 15/1 and 15/2 led to the events of a significant increase in the mean of plant height, number of leaves, leaf area and leaf area index. they reduce in the vegetative growth period and increase in the weight and length of ear, the number of fertilized grain in it, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index and percentage of oil. Varieties showed significant effects on the growth and yield characters. Broujen variety has achieved increase in mean of plant height, stem diameter and reduce in the vegetative growth period and increase in the biological yield. The interaction between the methods of agriculture (method of transplanting technique and traditional agriculture method) and varieties have shown significant effect in stem diameter (before flowering and at the maturity), green leaves number, dead leaves number, leaf area, leaf area index, vegetative growth period and flowering growth period. Therefore, The interaction between the methods of agriculture and varieties have shown significant effect in ear weight, grain weight, cob weight, fertilized grain number, aborted grain number, biological yield, grain yield, harvest index and percentage of oil and protein.

دراسة مجتمع الديدان الحلقية قليلة الاهلاب بنهر الفرات في المسيب - العراق Study of Aquatic Oligochaetes Community In The Euphrates River In Al - Mussayab / Iraq

اسم المؤلف: الهام عبيد صالح الجنابي
اسم المشرف: هيفاء جواد جوير
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية العلوم للبنات
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد ديدان قليلة الاهلاب المائية مجموعة حيوانية تضم انواعا مهمة من الناحية الاقتصادية والعلمية كونها غذاء جيدا للاسماك، ودورها في النظام البيئي بوصفها مؤشرات حياتية معروفة في تقييم نوعية المياه ودرجة تلوثها. وبسبب قلة الدراسات التشخيصية وعدم وجود قائمة خ | Aquatic oligochaete worms is an animal group that contains important species, economically speaking as its being a good fish food, and its scientific role in the ecosystem as well known bio - indicator for assessment water quality and evaluate the degree of water pollution. Due to little identification studies available about this group, and the absence of Iraqi checklist of species, the idea of the current study came, which concerned with the community of aquatic oligochaetes worms in the middle sector of the Euphrates River. Three sites have been chosen for this purpose, the first site is on the Euphrates River in the district of River at Al - Mussayab city (S1) and two streams branched from it, including Al - Mashroo'a stream (S2) and Abu - alasafeer stream (S3).These sites are characterized by sediment texture ranged from silt - sandy sediment in S1, sandy in S2 and Sandy - Clay in S3, the percentage of organic matter in the sediment ranged between1.8 - 2.6 % in S1, 0.7 - 1.9% in S2, and 4.8 - 6.4 % in S3. As far as plants concern, the presence of reed plant Phragmites australis, Potamgeton crispus plant, Hydrilla verticellata plant, and some filamentous algae in all study sites.Total of 1720 individuals of aquatic oligochaeta have been sorted out during the study period from all sites representing 37 species belong to the family Lumbricidae, Tubificoid naidid worms, Naidid worms of subfamily Naidinae and subfamily Pristininae, and finally, family Aeolosomatidae. Eleven species were considered as new records for Iraq. Regarding study sites, S2 recorded a least number of individuals and number of species, while the number of individuals and number of species were converged at S1 and S3. Results of the Species Richness Index showed that the highest value was recorded at the S3 and reached 8.37, while Species Uniformity Index, ranged between the highest value of 1.88 at the S3 and lowest value of 1.60 in S2, and finally in S1 it was 0.85. Shannon - Weiner diversity Index, recorded its highest value of 6.33 bits / individual in the S3, and lowest value has in of 2.78bits/individual in S1, but it was 4.80 bit / individual in S2. The Results of Jacquard Presence - Community values of similarity showed that the highest degree of similarity is (58.62%) recorded betwen S1 and S2. One species of family Lumbricidae was recorded that is Eiseniella tetraedra in S2.This family recorded a percentage of 3% of the total isolated worms. Total of 584 individuals of Tubificoid naidid worms were sorted with a percentage 34% of the total number of worms and they were identify as nine species included Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, L. profundicola, L.claparedeanus, Tubifex tubifex, Aulodrilus pigueti, Peloescolex tenuis, Potamothrix hammoniensi, Rhyacodrilus coccineus, and finally Branchiura sowerbyi which recorded the highest percentage of 65.24% of the total tubificoid naidid worms with the highest frequency of 100%, followed by L. hoffmeisteri with a percentage of 16.95% and the frequency percentage of 85.19%, while the remaining species recorded close proportions ranged between 1 - 2%. Peloscolex tenuis was considered as a new record for Iraq, where10 individuals of this species were sorted with a percentage of 1.71%, and a frequency percentage of 3.70 %.Total of 47 individuals of subfamily Pristininae, were sorted, represented five species, including two species of genus Pristinella, P obsorni, and P. sima, and three species of genus Pristina, identified as, P. longiseta, P. aequiseta, and P. foreli, with a highest percentage of 53.19%, and a highest frequency of 14.81% were recorded by P. longiseta. A total of 788 individuals of subfamily Naidinae were sorted represent 20 specie includes Chaetogaster diastrophus, Stephensoniana trivandrana Paranais litoralis, P.frici, Ophidonais serpentina, Slavina appendiculata, S.isochaeta, Specaria josinae, Stylaria lacustris S. fossularis, Dero(Dero) evelinae, D.(D.) nivea, D. (Aulophorus) furcatus, Nais simplex, N.pseudobtusa, N. stolci, N. variabilis, N. elinguis, N. pardalis, Allonais inaequalis. Nine species of which were recorded for the first time in Iraq (in Bold). Species S. lacustris recorded the highest frequency percentage of 59.25%, and the highest individuals number 0f 187 was recorded by both S. lacustris and O. serpentine. Finally, 207 individuals of family Aeolosomatidae were identified into two species, Aeolosoma variegate and A. hemprichi. The first species recorded the highest percentage of 82.61% and a frequency percentage of 33.33%, and the second species recorded a percentage of 17.39% and a frequency percentage of 29.64%. The study also included a description of the identified species with photos illustrations of the identification characteristics of each species.

تاثير عقار البريدنيزولون في بعض مناسيب الدم الهرمونية والكيموحيوية لدى مرضى الربو القصبي من الرجال في محافظة النجف الاشرف Effect of Prednisolone Medicine On Some Hormonal And Biochemical Levels In Bronchial Asthma Patients of Men In Al - Najaf Governorate

اسم المؤلف: نور زهير جاسم
اسم المشرف: ارشد نوري غني الدجيلي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية لمعرفة تاثير عقار البريدنيزولون في بعض المناسيب الهرمونية والكيموحيوية لدى مرضى الربو القصبي من الرجال, اذ اجريت هذه الدراسة في مستشفى الصدر التعليمي في محافظة النجف الاشرف \ مركز الحساسية والربو للمدة من 1\7\2011 الى 1\1\2012. تم فحص | The present study was concerned to investigate the effect of prednisolone medicine in some of hormonal and biochemical levels in patients with bronchial asthma of men. The study was carried out in Sadr Teaching Hospital in Najaf City \ Center of Allergy and Asthma for the period from 1 \ 7 \ 2011 and up to 1 \ 1 \ 2012, (56) blood samples from men with bronchial asthma and who treated by prednisolone were tested. As well as a Healthy group consisting of (24) healthy persons who do not suffer from any health problems, the effect of medicine was tested on study levels. The statistical analysis of the results revealed that there was a significant increase (P<0.05) in the concentration of Triiodothyronine Hormone (T?) in patients with bronchial asthma of men who treated by prednisolone compared with Healthy group. The statistical results also showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the concentration levels of Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Follicle - Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) and Testosterone Hormone in asthmatic group compared with Healthy group. The results of the biochemical investigations revealed a significant increase (P<0.05) in the concentration of Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) and liver enzymes Alkaline Phosphatase ALP, Alanine & Aspartate Transaminase (ALT, AST), and lack of significant difference in the concentration of High - Density Lipoproteins (HDL) in the asthmatic group compared with Healthy group. The results of the current study also exhibited a significant increase (P<0.05) in the concentration of T? for the age group (21 - 30) years of the patient group, whereas the same asthmatic group recorded a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the concentration of FSH, LH and Testosterone Hormone in compared with Healthy group. The results of the study revealed a significant increase (P<.05) in the concentration of Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDL and alkaline phosphatase ALP for the age group (41 - 50) years in asthmatic patients compared with Healthy group. The results of the current study also showed that the concentration of the TSH, FSH, LH and Testosterone Hormone had declined significantly (P<0.05) in asthmatic group who treated by prednisolone for (16 - 20) years compared with Healthy group. The concentration of Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides and liver enzymes Alkaline Phosphatase, Alanine Transaminase and Aspartate Transaminase (ALP, ALT and AST) had risen significantly (P<0.05) in asthmatic group who treated by the prednisolone for (16 - 20) years compared with Healthy group. The current study concluded that Treatment with prednisolone has hormonal and biochemical effects on bronchial asthmatic patients in all ages

انتشار القراد الصلب Ixodidae : Acari وعلاقته مع بعض الاوالي السبورية في بعض المناطق المحيطة بمدينة تكريت Bovine's Hard Ticks (Acari : Ixodidae) And Their Relation With Some Haemosporian Parasites in Tikrit Rural Boundaries

اسم المؤلف: الاء عماد توفيق التكريتي
اسم المشرف: توفيق ابراهيم محمد الالوسي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الحياة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت الدراسة الحالية مسحا للقــراد الصلب المتطفل على الابقار في بعض المناطق المحيطة بمركز مدينة تكريت وللفترة من 1/10/2010 ولغاية 30/7/2011، وقد جمعت العينات من مناطق العلم والبو عجيل وعوينات والمحزم. اختير لاتمام هذه الدراسة مضيف واحد هو الابقار لما له | Ectoparasitic Ioxdae (hard ticks) of cattle were surveyed from five rural stations near by Tikrit city/Iraq since 1st. October 2010Till 30 th. Jully 2011. The sampling stations as fellows : Alam , Albo - Ajeel, Ewanat and al - Mahzam.It he neer chosen only oneHost which is caw.The tick speciemens were collected from one to foure - year cattle host with both sexes. It was found that theHost was infested with two ixodid species ; Hyalomma anatolicum anatolicum and Boophilus annulatus. H. anatolicum anatolicum was the dominant one in all the survey stations.It has been recorded in this study which carry for the first timprovince of Salah EL - Din on tick and disease which is transmittd. The species of Hyalomma anatolicum represent a high percent of infection in the province. As well as the present study showed the presence of relation between temperature and infection by ticks. This study showed that the ticks were aparasitic on ears, nipples and percenal regoin.In comparison between (67.16 %) to (47.82%) for Alam and Al - Mahzam respectively. The presence study included also Exploring the parasitic disease transmitted by tick, That shown infection of cows by three type of parasite which are Theileria, Babesia and Anaplasma from both sex. where Theileria recorderd the high percent (54.65 %) fllowed by Anaplasma ( 23.97 %) and last percent Babesia (13.77 %). while mixed infection the ratios were (50.68 %, 34.24 %, 15.06 %) respectively.

دراسة بيئية وتصنيفية للقواقع المائية في مدينة النجف الاشرف وبعض المؤشرات حول حكة السباحين Taxonomic And Ecological Study of Aquatic Snails In The Al - Najaf Al - Ashraf City And Some Pointers About Swimmer’s Itch

اسم المؤلف: اسراء عبيد حسين الشبلي
اسم المشرف: جاسم حميد رحمة الخزاعي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية - الطفيليات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية في محافظة النجف الاشرف تم جمع عينات القوقع من ثلاث محطات ( (منخفض بحر النجف وقضاء المشخاب والعباسية)) للفترة من 1 - 2 - 2013 لغاية 30 - 10 - 2013 وفحصت العينات في مختبر اللافقريات التابع لكلية التربية للبنات لغرض تشخيص الاطوار اليرقي | This study was conducted in Al - Najaf Al - Ashraf province and the samples were collected from Bahar Al - Najaf, Al - Mashkhab and Al - Abbasia, during the period 1/2/2013 untill 30/10/. The samples were in the laboratory of invertebrates in College of Education for Girls to diagnos the larva stages of Trematodes which parasitize on the aquatic snails with some of the indicators and observations about the causes of Swimmer’s itch disease. The lowest water temperature in AL - Abbasia water was 13?c in February while the highest temberature was recorded in Bahar Al - Najaf 30.4?c in August. The PH ranged between (7 - 8.5).The Electrical Conductivity recorded the lowest rate in February in Al - Abbasia 1.16 Microsimnez / cm and the highest rate in March in Bahar Al - Najaf 5.97 Microsimnez / cm and the salinity concentration was lowest the in February in Al - Abbasia 0.58 ppt, while the highest rate was recorded in March in the Bahar Al - Najaf (2.98) ppt and Turbidity was the lowest rate in Al - Mishkhab in October 2.8 Unit Turbidity nephlometric and the highest rate was in the AL - Abbasia in July (4.42) units Turbidity nephlometric while The Dissolved Oxygen recorded the lowest level in the Al - Abbasia 2 mg / L in August and the highest level in April in Al - Mishkhab 8.5 mg / L. The study showed the presence of five types of snails : Belamia bengalensis, Lymnae auricularia, Physa acuta, Melanopsis nodosa and Melanoides tuberculata. therefore, there are five species of snails in Bahar Al - Najaf while P.acuta was not recorded in Al - Abbasia and Al - Mashkhab in addition, the numbers of the snails varied according to the time, so the B.bengalensis and M.nodosa increased in June, July and August while L.auricularia and P.acuta and M.tuberculata snails increased during spring season. All snails that have been diagnosed were infected with (Miracidium, Sporocyst, Ridia and five types of Cercaria) stages.Also, the highest infection in the M.tuberculata was 36.3%, B.bengalensis 31.3%, M.nodosa 25.4%, L.auricularia 24 % while the snail P.acuta recorded lower infection rate at13.7%. The Results of the questionnaire revaled that the males infection in Swimmer’s itch was 76% higher than females.The highest infection was among (10 - 20 years) it reached 36%, and 39% in fishmen and aquatic birds which is the highest rate compared with others. The highest rate of infection was recorded in August (42 %) a large number of the patients exhibited symptoms of the disease after coming out of the water and dehydration reached 52%.The results showed that 75% of patients showed Symptoms of the Swimmer’s itch after (3 - 7days), also the hands and legs were more susceptible to infection 62 %, and the highest percentage of the S.dermatitis 86% wdetected in person swimming in Shallow water

دراسة مظهرية وتشريحية مقارنة لانواع في اجناس معينة من العائلة المركبة Compositae (Asteraceae) في العراق A Comparative Morphological And Anatomical Study of Species in Certain Genera From The Family Compositae (Asteraceae) in Iraq

اسم المؤلف: عمر خليل جاسم محمد العباسي
اسم المشرف: خليل ابراهيم عباس الشمري
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت الدراسة الحالية, دراسة مظهرية وتشريحية مقارنة لـ(10) انواع تعود لـ(9) اجناس من العائلة المركبة Asteraceae (Compositae) في العراق, كما وتبعت الاجناس قيد الدراسة الى عشيرتين Tribes : العشيرة الاولى : (Cardueae), وقد ضمت الانواع : (Arctium tomentosum, Ca | The current study dealt with the morphological and anatomical aspect that compared the (10) Species that followed (9) genera, These Species followed the family Compositae (Asteraceae) in Iraq. It also divided the genera under study to two tribes. The first tribe : (Cardueae), It included the Species : (Arctium tomentosum, Carlina vulgaris, Chardinia orientales, Cnicus benedictus and Notobasis syriaca). The second tribe : (Lactuceae), It included the Species : (Geropogon glabrum, Geropogon hybridus, Hedypnois cretica, Koelpinia linearis and Urospermum pecroides). The morphological study involved the roots according to the characteristics, the form and dimensions (the length and the diameter), the study of the stem by the character, the color and the indumentums, also the dimension (the high and diameter) it resulted good characteristics, enabled us to use it in isolation of the types. It is also discussed the leaf on the based of the quantifier and qualifier that involved the form of the leaf and the form of the peak and the base, the character of the blade margin and the epidermis. The study also high lighted the dimension of the blade (the length and the width), The morphological characteristics of the leaves have given a great Taxonomical value rather than the root and the stem. It also mentioned in this study the Inflorescences in general : the form and the diameter of the receptacle, the dimension of the inflorescence (length and width), and the characteristics of the phyllaries, the study of Achenes, the length of the beak, the character of the filaments that connected by the peak of the beak. The proper morphological characters of the Inflorescences made the contrastive among the characteristics of the Inflorescence in unique type. This great advantage is useful in the classification of the species. The anatomical study contains the study of the dermal tissue system that belong to the types under study, specially the stem, the leaf. It make clear the differences among the characters of the epidermis cells for the stem and the leaf (the upper and lower epidermises), It tackled the study of the Stomata at the leaf and the stem, and measure of the frequency at these members. It also discussed the fundamental and vascular tissue system of the root, the stem and the leaf through the study of their characteristics of the transversal sector. It is also studied the vascular bundles according to the thickness of the regions belonged to the xylem and phloem; the number of the xylem arms in each bundle and the number of the vascular elements in one xylem arm. The study involves the system of the veins into the leaf blade or that called (Venation), and the thickness of the veins and its course, the behavior of the vein's ends and the method of its contact with the leaf margin. In addition, the study dealt with the method of the joining veins the secondary by the primary and the third veins by the secondary. Thus, the study make clear the considerable advantages that distinguish the types each other. It is observed the characteristics of the leaf's venation is a constant character that depends upon to classify the species. At end of the study, It is used the results of the morphological and anatomical characteristics in comparison of the two tribes; Cardueae and Lactuceae that the studied species followed.

علاقة مستوى الزنك والنحاس ببعض المعايير المناعية في الاصابة بداء المقوسات في النساء في محافظة كركوك مع محاولة علاجية في الفئران المختبرية Relation of Zinc And Copper Levels With Some Immunological Markers in Women With Toxoplamosis in Kirkuk Governorate With Trial To Treatment in Mice

اسم المؤلف: عبير عباس علي
اسم المشرف: حسين ساهر اسود العبيدي شهاب احمد محمد
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الاحياء المجهرية - الطفيليات
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تم دراسة 100امراة مصابة بداء المقوسات Toxoplasmosis الذي يسببه الطفيلي المقوسة الكوندية Toxoplasma gondii للفترة من اذار 2007 ولغاية نيسان 2008 راجعن العيادة الاستشارية التابعة لمستشفى كركوك العام في مدينة كركوك. اظهرت نتائج الدراسة الحالية ان 56 % من الن | A total of 100 patients suffering from Toxoplasmosis which is infected by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii have been dealt with as subject of the sample during the period from March 2007 to April 2008 at the Consultant Clinic of Kirkuk General Hospital. The results of the present study showed that 56% of the subjects were pregnant and 44%were not. The highest percentage of the infected subjects was of 26 - 30 years old as 30.37% among the pregnant women and 36.35% among the non - pregnant women of the age mentioned above. The highest percentage 37.5% of abortion of the first period of pregnancy was in pregnant women, and 45.53% in non - pregnant women. The results of the study also showed more cases of infected women among those who bred animals in their living places as 69%. It is also found that the highest percentage of the infected women 64% were of those who use the running water for drinking. Moreover, it is noticed that there is an increase in the percentage of the infected women among the uneducated women 38%. The study showed that the percentage of the infection is proportional to residence 63%, the infection increase among women living in rural areas. The percentage of T - lymphocytes in peripheral blood of patients were also measured through measuring the percentage of the CD4+ and CD8+cells by using fluorescent microscope.The results showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in this type of cells.The rate of percentage of CD4+ of the patient's were 31.704±0.116 while the rate of CD4+ in the peripheral blood of the control group was 62.260±0.237.The rate of percentages of CD8+ 19.382±0.080, whereas it was 31.680±0.307 of the control group.The rates of the percentages of CD4+ to CD8+ were also measured, the results showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the rate of the percentage in the patient's group 1.642 while it was 1.968 in the control group. The statistic analysis showed significant differences between these tow groups (p<0.05). The intensity of Zinc and Copper has been measured in the serum of the infected women via use of Atomic absorption instrument, a significant decrease (p <0.05) appeared in the rate of Zinc intensity in the serum on the infected women as compared with the control group.The rate of the intensity in patient's group was 4.65% ± 2.628µmol /l while in the control group it was 15.353± 1.640 µmol /l.A significant increase (p<0.05)was also noticed in the intensity of Copper in the patient's group (28.589±4.335 µmol /l)whereas it was 12.854±1.501 µmol /l in the control group. The index of the specific antibodies IgM and IgG related to Toxoplasma gondii was measured by ELISA method, a significant increase (p<0.05) was observed in the value of IgM and IgG in the patient's group as compared with the control group. The rate of index for IgM in the patient's group was 1.354±0.05 while it was 0.163±0.05 in the control group. The rate of value of IgG in the patient's group was 1.163±0.074 whereas it was 0.358±0.033 in the control group. In the present study, Toxoplasma gondii was isolated and diagnosed from human as first attempt, and then the infection was created in laboratory mice as an essential step for growing the parasite. The second step was studying the effect of some selected drugs on the experimental treatment for disease of toxoplasmosis created in the mice. The drugs are : Pyrimethamin, Clarithromycin, Spiramycin, Ivermectin.The results of the study showed the effects of these drugs on the tissue cyst formed in the brain and lungs. The number of tissue cysts in the brain of the mouse treated with pyrimethamin was 14.8 ±1.067 after 28 days. Significant differences appeared when this result compared with the control group in which it was 27.4±1.029. The number of tissue cysts formed in lung, tissue in the mouse treated with the same drug after the same period of the time was 6.2±0.583.This showed a significant differences as compared with the control group in which it was 10.2±0.583. No significant differences appeared between both groups as for the treatment by Clarithromycin antibiotic as far as the number of the tissue cysts formed in the brain after 28 days is concerned. The number was 23.8 ±0.86 as compared with the control group 38.6±1.029.The same compared is true of the lungs, tissue. The number of the tissue cysts was 23.8±0.86 as compared with the control group 28.4±1.805. Concerning the antibiotic Spiramycin, the results showed the effectiveness of it in decreasing the tissue cysts formed in the brain.The significant differences were (p<0.05), the rate of the cysts was 9.6±0.6 as compared with the control group in which it was 22.8±1.067.The same effectiveness appeared on the lungs, tissue as the rate of tissue cysts after 28 days of treatment was 4.6±0.509 as compared with the control group in which was 17±1.14 and the significant differences were (p=0.000).The Ivermectin drug showed a great effectiveness in minimizing the number of the tissue cysts formed in the brain and the lungs. The numbers of the tissue cysts formed after 28 days were 3.2±0.374 and 1±0.316 respectively; significant differences are observed when these numbers are compared with the numbers of the control group which were 22±1.843 and 19.4±1.435. Thus, the use of Ivermectin drug is considered as a pioneer and fruitful study since this drug has not been used for the treatment of Toxoplasmosis.

الاضطرابات الفسلجية والاجهاد التاكسدي لدى النساء في سن بعد الياس في محافظة بابل Physiological Disturbances And Oxidative Stress In Postmenopausal Women In Babylon Province

اسم المؤلف: سارة حاتم عجيل خضير
اسم المشرف: داخل غاني عمران الوطيفي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بابل - كلية العلوم للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يتميز سن الياس (Menopause) لدى الاناث بتوقف الحيض وتصبح الانثى غير خصبة بسبب فقدان جميع الحويصلات المبيضية (Ovarian follicles) والانخفاض الشديد لهرموني الاستروجين والبروجسترون صممت الدراسة الحالية لفحص الاضطرابات الفسلجية المختلفة والتي تشمل بعض المعايير | Menopause marks the time in women's life when her menstruation stop and she is no longer fertile because of exhaustion of ovarian follicles and sharply decrease in ovarian production of estrogen and progesterone.The present study was designated to determinate different physiological disturbances which occurring in some hematological and biochemical parameters of postmenopausal women. A total number used was 130 women, 100 women were postmenopause and subdivided into four age groups (46 - 50 year, 51 - 55 year, 56 - 60 year, and 61 - 65 year). Thirteen women were premenopause , used as a control group, their ages ranged between 20 - 30 years. In all age groups of postmenopausal women, it have been found that the levels of estradiol hormone were progressioly decreased (p<0.05) when compared with control group. Regarding hematological parameters, RBCs count was insignificantly increase (p>0.05) in all age groups of postmenopausal women. Levels of hemoglobin concentrations and packed cell volume were significantly increased (p<0.05) in all age groups of postmenopausal women compare to control groups. Blood platelets count recorded insignificant fall (p>0.05) in most age groups of postmenopausal women.As for, red blood indices (MCV, MCH, and MCHC) explained insignificant differences (p>0.05) of most menopausal women in a comparison with those control group. Total white blood cells have insignificant elevation (p>0.05) of most groups except 56 - 60 years groups. Regard to differential white blood cells, Levels of lymphocytes and monocyte have been showed insignificant drop (p>0.05) of the level of lymphocytes and significant increase (p<0.05) of first and second age groups in the levels of monocytes of postmenopausal women. Granulocytes white blood cells have been indicated different changes : Nentrophils were significantly higher (p<0.05)in all age groups of postmenopausal women, where as, eosinophils and basophils were insignificantly different (p>0.05) in most age groups. Concerning biochemical changes, Total serum proteins, Albumin, and globulin have been showed significant lowering (p<0.05) in all age groups of postmenopausal women. Statistical analyses showed a significant rise (p<0.05) of serum uric acid and urea levels in most group of postmenopausal women. Measurments of enzyme activities involved in liver (ALT and AST) were significantly hightened (p<0.05) in most age groups of postmenopausal women, Whil, ALP activities recorded insignificant increase (p>0.05) in all age group of postmenopausal women. Determinations of minerals showing a significant increase (p<0.05) in the levels of calcium and insignificant increase (p>0.05) in the levels of phosphorus in all groups of post menopausal women. Analyses of electrolytes have been explained a significant elevation (p<0.05) of the sodium and non significant difference (p>0.05) of the potassium in all groups of postmenopausal women.The present study involved determination specific and essential trace elements, Levels of copper explained a significant decrease (p<0.05) in all age groups associated with a significant increase (p<0.05) of zinc levels in postmenopausal women. Inversly, Values of magnesium were insignificantly different (p>0.05) in all age groups of postmenopausal women. The present study selects specific parameters to explaine oxidative stress in postmenopausal women. Levels of malondeheyds were significantly elevated (p<0.05) in all groups of postmenopausal women, and correlated negatively (r= - 0.102) with level of estrogen. Values of reduced glutathione showed a significant decrease (0.05) in postmenopausal women and correlated positively (r=0.64) with the estrogen hormone. Analyses of antioxidants enzymes have been showed a significant decrease (p<0.05) in the activity of catalase enzymes of all groups of postmenopause. Also, the activity of glutathione peroxidase was significantly decrease (p<0.05) in postmenopausal women and its correlation coefficient was r=0.263. In conclusion, changes summarized above may be attributed to deficiency of estradiol hormone in postmenopausal women which resulting in different physiological disturbances and these changes become aggravated and exacerbated because of oxidative stress occurring in decrease of estradiol hormones.

استخلاص وتوصيف المنشط السطحي الحيوي Rhamnolipid من بكتيريا Pseudomonas aeruginosa المعزولة من بعض الحالات السريرية والبيئية Extraction And Identification of Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant From Pesudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates From Clinical And Environmental Cases A Thesis Submitted

اسم المؤلف: مها هاني توفيق الخزرجي
اسم المشرف: ندى صباح رزوقي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية العلوم للبنات
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدف البحث الى التعرف على فاعلية التدريس باستراتيجية التعلم بالتعاقد في تحصيل مادة علم الاحياء لدى طلاب الصف الثاني المتوسط وتفكيرهم الابداعي. وللتحقق من ذلك تم صياغة الفرضيتين الصفريتين الاتيتين : 1 - لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى (05.0) بين مت | 50 isolates of the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa was obtained from 201 clinical samples were distributed between Burn Specialist Hospital and teaching laboratories from patients with burns, infected wounds, middle ear infection, urinary tract infection and respiratory tract infection for a period from 1st February till 1st May. And we obtained 50 bacterial isolates from 20 samples from contaminated and non - contaminated soils were distributed different areas of Baghdad for a period of 1st May 2013 till 1st August.Number of cultural microscopically, biochemical and sensitivity to antibiotics tests had been, than diagnosis was confirmed by API20E system.These isolates was tested for ability to production of biosurfactants (rhamnolipid) by haemolysis, oil spreasding test, calculate value of emulisification factor (E24) and measuring surface tension for liquid media. Tow isolates (PS42 and PP8) had been selected, first one was from soil samples and other was from pathological samples because of they have highest productivity, haemolysis ability, oil spreading, highest emulisification factor value and highest in lowering surface tension, there for these tow isolates selected for study their inhibitory activity against types of bacteria. The rhamnolipid was extracted from tow isolates P. aeruginosa PP8 and P. aeruginosa PS42 by using mixture of solvents as was obtained 15.45 g and 18.25 g per liter of each of the PP8 and PS42 respectively. The rhamnolipid was diagnosed by thin layer chromatography technology (TLC) and high - performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed that tow bacteria produced three types of rhamnolipids (mono - , di - rhamnolipid and rhamnolipid A). The rhamonlipid efficiency was tested for inhibitory activity against bacteria by measuring diameter of inhibitory zone surrounding holes and discs. The inhibitory activity was high against Bacillus cersus bacteria followed by P. aeruginosa, than Staphylococcus aeraus and the lowest one was E. colli. The inhibitory activity for biosurfactant was approached to inhibitory activity for industrial surfactants. Also in this study has been determined minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) value for biosurfactants and the results varied depending on different types of biosurfactants and type of bacteria and the lowest values for MIC and MBC of biosurfactant produced by P. aeruginosa PS42 on growth of B. cereus and reached to 16.It was first time at local level for testing inhibitory activity of biosurfactant against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus and P. aeruginosa which was studied in vivo (injuried skin) after introduction these pathogens experimentally into laboratory mice with clinical symptoms appeared in injured skin after 48 hours and then treated mice groups with of 30 mg \ ml concentration of biosurfactants produced from isolates of bacterial (P. aeruginosa PP8 and P. aeruginosa PS42), resulted in a decrease in the time required for healing as found from the results obtained by the different length of period needed for healing (depending on the nature of injury and type of microorganism that causes injury).The mice had been recovered after 5 days when used biosurfactant at concentration 30 mg/ml produced P. aeruginosa PS42 followed by mice recovered after 6 days when used biosurfactants 30 mg/ml produced by P. aeruginosa PP8 in comparison with control group which recovered after 12 days for mice infected with S. aureus. In mice infected with P. aeruginosa recovered after 10 days when used biosurfactant produced by P. aeruginosa PS42 at concentration 30mg/ml and followed by mice recovered after 12 days when used biosurfactant produced by P. aeruginosa PP8 at concentration 30mg/ml in comparison with control group which recovered after 17 days.

دراسة بعض مظاهر امراضية الخمج بالمتحولة النسيجية بين الاشخاص في مدينة سامراء A Stud Y of Some Aspects of Entamoeba Histolytica Pathogenicity Among Peoples in Samarra

اسم المؤلف: صلاح عبد حسن السامرائي
اسم المشرف: ابراهيم شعبان داوود حسين ساهر اسود
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الاحياء المجهرية - الطفيليات
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: شملت هذه الدراسة فحص (540) عينة براز من المصابين بالاسهال والمراجعين لمستشفى سامراء العام وذلك خلال الفترة الممتدة بين 1/10/2007الى 1/6/2008 فحصت العينات بطريقة المسحة المباشرة المزدوجة للكشف عن الاطوار الخضرية والمتكيسة لطفيلي اميبا الزحار. واظهرت النتائ | The current study dealt with examination of (540) stool samples for patients with diarrhea who visited the General Hospital of Samarra during 1/10/2007 - 1/6/2008. The samples were examined by double wet direct smear method to identify the trophozoite and cyst stages of Entamoeba histolytica. The results showed that (112) were infected with amoebic dysentery. The total rate was (20.74 %). (262) are males with a rate of infection (19.84 %), whereas, the number of females was (278) with an infection rate (21.58 %). The study showed an increase rate of infection among the rural population, it was (25.71 %), whereas the urban population rate was (16.6 %). The study covered all ages beginning from less than a year to 75 years old. A highest rate of infection was recorded by (10 - 19) years old, it was (29.4%). The study also, found out that a highest rate of infection was during school months, particularly during November (27.5 %). Examinations of complete blood picture which included Hemoglobin concentration (Hb), packed cells volume (PCV), white blood cells count (WBCc), and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were done on all patients infected with amoebic dysentery. The results were compared with those of healthy ones (Control Group). The results showed significant differences between the two groups. According to the significant one (P < 0.05), it recorded a decrease (16.9%) in the (PCV) and (25.1%) in the (Hb) and an increase (241.8%) in the (ESR) and (51.5%) in the (WBCc) for those ones infected with amoebic dysentery if compared with the control group. Clinical biochemistry examinations were performed, on blood sugar (Bs), electrolytes such as Sodium (Na+), Potassium (K+), Calcium (Ca++), Magnesium (Mg++), liver functions tests : total serum bilirubine(TSB), tranceaminase enzyme(GOT, GPT), alkaline phosphetase (AlP), total protein (TP) and albumin (Alb). The results showed that there are significant differences between persons infected with amoebic dysentery and the healthy ones according to the significant level (P < 0.05) in these examinations. The study showed a decrease(21.6%) in the (Bs) mean concentration, (16.8%) in the(K+) mean concentration, (5.8%) in the(Ca++) mean concentration, (4.5%)in the (Mg++) mean concentration, (10.5 %) in the (Na+) mean concentration , (17.2%) in the (TP) mean concentration and(12.2%) in the (Alb) mean concentration and increase (83.7%) in the (Alp) mean concentration, (52.1%) in the(TSB) mean concentration, (81.1%)in the (GPT) mean concentration, (59.9%)in the (GOT) mean concentration and(22.8%) in the (globulin) mean concentration in the persons infected with amoebic dysentery compared with the mean concentrations in healthy ones control group.

تحضير مركبين نانويين هجينين من الكلورهكسدين وحامض التانيك وتحديد فعلهما المضاد للاحياء المجهرية المعزولة من مرضى الحروق في محافظة كربلاء المقدسة Preparation of Two Nanohybrid Compounds From Chlorhexidine And Tannic Acid And Determination Their Antimicrobial Activities Against Microorganisms Isolated From Burns Patients In Sacred Karbala Province

اسم المؤلف: نورس مجيد حميد الخفاجي
اسم المشرف: علي عبد الكاظم الغانمي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الحياة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة كربلاء - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
النص الكامل من المصدر: https://uokerbala.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Rp-Preparation-of-Two-Nanohybrid-Compounds-from-Chlorhexidine-and-Tannic-Acid-and-Determination-Their-Antimicrobial-Activities-Against-Microorganisms.pdf
مكان الجامعة: كربلاء
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت هذه الدراسة عزل وتشخيص اهم انواع البكتريا المسببة لاخماج الحروق كما تضمنت ايضا تحضير وتشخيص مركبين نانويين هجينين احدهما من المطهر كلورهكسدين والاخر من حامض التانيك. تم تقييم الفعالية التثبيطية للمطهر النانوي المحضر اعلاه ضد البكتريا المعزولة في هذه | This study included the isolation and diagnosis of the most important species of bacteria responsible for the infection in burns. It also included the preparation and detection of two hybrid nano compounds, one of them from the disinfectant chlorhexidine and the other from the tannic acid. The inhibitory activity of the nano disinfectant was assessed against the isolated bacteria in this study also, the antioxidant activity of the hybrid nano tannic acid was identified and the results showed the following : 1 - As a total 32 samples were taken from burned patients hospitalized in the burning ward Imam Al - Hussien medical city in Sacred Karbalaa governate. It had been obtained 8 isolates (34.78) % from Pseudomonas spp., 7 of them were Pseudomonas aeruginosa and one was P. oryzihabitans , 4 isolates (17.39) % were Acinetobacter baumannii, 4 isolates (17.39) % were Klebsiella pneumoniae, and one isolate (4.34) % of Proteus mirabilis, Escherichia coli, Serratia liquefaciens and Chryzeobacterium meningosepticum and two isolates (8.69) % of Staphylococcus aureus in addition to one isolate (4.43) % from Candida guilliermondii yeast.2 - Chlorhexidine disinfectant and tannic acid were used in preparation of the two hybrid nano compounds after intercalating each of them on layers of double hydroxide (Mg/Al - LDH). FT - IR spectrum studies has shown the appearance of specific chemical groups and the disappearance of others while the spectrum of x - ray(XRD) has shown the appearance of new levels of diffraction in the spectrum of the hybrid nano disinfectant Mg/Al - CHX - LDH and the spectrum of the hybrid nano tannic acid Mg/Al - TA - LDH as compared to the spectrum of the Mg/Al - LDH, which indicate that the two prepared compounds under study is a nano hybrid compounds. Results of the scanning electronic microscope has shown, the change in the shape of the surface of the nanohybrid compounds that prepared above as compared to the layer of double hydroxide. It turns out from the results of the examination with the use of Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), that the diameter of the particles of hybrid nano disinfectant and hybrid nano tannic acid were (121.66 and 77.70) nm, respectively. 3 - The inhibitory activity of the hybrid nano disinfectant Mg/Al - CHX - LDH and the free disinfectant (Free CHX) has been studied and the results revealed followings : a. The hybrid nano disinfectant has the highest inhibitory activity against the two bacterial isolates P. aeruginosa (11 and 23 - A) with an inhibition diameter of 24 mm for each, while the inhibition diameter for the free disinfectant was 23.5 mm against the isolate P. aeruginosa 4 - C.b. The hybrid nano disinfectant showed the highest inhibitory activity against the two isolates A. baumannii (16 - A and 31 - A) with an inhibition diameter of 18 mm for each, while the highest inhibition activity for the free disinfectant was against the isolate A. baumannii 22 - B with an inhibition diameter of 19.5 mm.c. The hybrid nano disinfectant showed the highest inhibitory activity against the isolate K. pneumoniae (16 - B) with an inhibition diameter of 24.5 mm, while the highest inhibition activity for the free disinfectant was against the isolate K. pneumoniae 15 - B with an inhibition diameter of 24.5 mm also.d. The highest inhibition activity for the hybrid nanoic disinfectant against each of bacteria P. mirabilis and E. coli with an inhibition diameter of 23.5 mm, while the highest inhibitory activity for the free disinfectant was against the bacteria E. coli with an inhibition diameter of 24.5 mm, while the bacteria C. meningosepticum was the least affected among the other types of the isolated bacteria with an inhibition diameter of 8 mm and it was resistance to the hybrid nano disinfectant.e. The highest inhibition activity for the hybrid nano chlorhexidine was against the isolate S. aureus 21 with an inhibition diameter of 28.5 mm, while the highest inhibition activity for the free chlorhexidine was against the isolate S. aureus 22 - A with aninhibition diameter of 31.5 mm.f. The inhibitory activity of both the hybrid nano and the free disinfectant against C. guilliermondii yeast was closely to each other with an inhibition diameter of (28 and 29) mm, respectively.4. The study of antioxidant activity confirmed the following : a. Using free radical scavenging method, the IC50(Half maximal inhibitory concentration) value against ABTS free radical were at 10 µg /ml for free tannic acid while it was at 125 µg /ml for the hybrid nano tannic acid Mg/Al - TA - LDH.b. Measurement of ferric ion reducing power revealed that free tannic acid had reducing power greater than that of the hybrid nano tannic acid

التوصيف الجزيئي لبعض مسببات الاخماج الجلدية في محافظة الديوانية وتاثير جزيئات الفضة النانوية في نموها Molecular Characterization of Some Dermatophytic Fungi In Al - Diwania Province And The Effect of Silver Nano Particles On Their Growth

اسم المؤلف: نور جاسم محمد
اسم المشرف: نيران عبيد جاسم
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
النص الكامل من المصدر: https://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A9-%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AF.pdf
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة للتحري عن الفطريات المسببة للامراض الجلدية في الانسان حيث تم جمع 100عينة من الاشخاص المشكوك باصابتهم بالفطريات الجلدية من المرضى المراجعين لمستشفى الديوانية التعليمي من بداية تشرين الاول 2013 وحتى نهاية مايس 2014 وكانت هذه النماذج ماخوذة | This study was conducted to investigate the fungi that causes skin diseases of human. One hundred samples were collected from people who suspected to infect with fungal skin disease from patients coming to Al - Diwaniya teaching hospital from beginning of October 2013 till the end of May 2014. These samples from (skin, hair and nail). All samples that taken from patient were subjected to direct examinations by using wet touch of (KOH 10%) solution. At the same time the samples were grew on sabroud media to determine the type of fungal skin diseases of human. The direct examination shows positive results of 72 samples which represent 72% while for laboratory growth results, its shows 65 samples with positive results 65%. There are three types of Trichophyton fungus had been isolated which are T.rubrum 28 isolates, T.mentagrophytes 16 isolates and T.schoenleinii 4 isolates and there was one type of genus Microsporum which is M.canis 24 isolates. The results show that Tinea corporis infection is the common and its more among females than males where it is 26.39% and 13.89% respectively, then Tinea capitis which is 19.4% in males which is higher than in females which represents 13.89% while Tinea unguium was in females more than males which was in females 16.67% while in males 9.72%. The percentage of fungal skin infection was differ according to the location where the number of infections in the rural area for all types of Tinea were more than the number of infection in the urban area where the number of infected people with Tinea corporis was 18 which represent 25% while in the urban the number was 11 which represent 18.28% while the number of infected people with Tinea capitis in the rural area were 16 which represent 22.22% and the infected in the urban were 8 which represent 11.11%. While Tinea unguium the number of infected people in the rural 10 which represent 13.89% and in the urban 9 people which represent 12.5%. The diagnosis of isolated fungi depended on phenotype of fungal growth and microscopic examination, in addition to special tests for diagnosing skin fungal infections. Also the PCR was used for diagnosis and the work had been completed by using genotypic tree for fine diagnosis and detection the fungal species. The result were send to the genes bank site to be sure about the fungus type through comparison with the registered fungi in this site and by using MEGA6 program for genetic tree analysis of type (unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean). The results of analysis shows clear converge of local Trichophyton spp. Isolates with Trichophyton rubrum in comparison with other types that appears in the genetic tree analysis while Microsporium diagnosed through genetic tree analysis of type (up GMA tree) and the result of analysis shows clear converge of local Microsporium spp. Isolates with Microsporium canis compared with other types of genetic tree analysis. The effect of silver nanoparticles that is used against growth of T.rubrum, T.mentagrophytes and M.canis. The results show that all the concentrations used were effective in stopping of growth of T.mentagrophytes when deal with the standard measure when dealt with concentration of 4 mg/l the more effective in stopping of radiating growth of the fungus. Regarding the fungus T.rubrum the concentrations of 4 mg/l more effective in stopping of growth while there was no difference for 1mg/liter concentration. Regarding the fungus M.canis, the mentioned concentrations had large effect on fungal colonization growth compared with the standard and this fungus more than other fungi affected by nano silver ions

دراسة تاثير المستخلص المائي لنبات اللهانة على مستويات هرمونات الدرقية، الاجهاد التاكسدي وعدد من المعايير البيولوجية في الارانب Study The Effect of Cabbage Aqueous Extract on The Thyroid Hormones Levels, Oxidative Stress And Some Biological Parameters in Rabbits

اسم المؤلف: سرى سمير محمد الدوري
اسم المشرف: زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي صاحب جمعة عبد الرحمن
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى معرفة بعض تاثيرات المستخلص المائي لنبات اللهانة ((Brassica oleracea على مستويات هرمونات الغدة الدرقية الثايرونين ثلاثي اليود Triiodothyronine (T3) والثايروكسين (Thyroxine (T4والهرمون المحفز للدرقية Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH | The aim of the present study was to investigate some effects of the aqueous extract of cabbage (Brassica oleracea L) on the Thyroid hormones concentrations Triiodothyronine T3, Thyroxine T4 and Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Body weight rate, and some physiological and biochemical parameters such as the total count of leukocytes (WBCs), packed cell volume (PCV) and concentrations of Hemoglobin (Hb), Glucose, Total Cholesterol(TC), Triglycerides (TG), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL - C), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL - C), Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL - C), Phospholipids, Atherogenic indices levels, Uric acid, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Serum Creatinine Blood urea, glutathione(GSH), Malondialdehyde(MDA), Peroxynitrite radical(ONOO - ) Ceruloplasmin(Cp), Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in sera of male rabbits exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (0.5%) with drinking water along the period of experiment (30) days, with comparison the effect of the cabbage extract with the effect of carbimazole (anti - thyroid drug) to induce Hypothyroidism.For the purpose of this study, preliminary experiments were carried out to find the most effective dose of the cabbage extract and this dose was (300 mg/kg body weight).Rabbits (8 - 10 months age) and (950 - 1560 gm weight) were determined randomly divided into five groups, each group includes five replicates These groups are : The control group, cabbage aqueous extract group, cabbage aqueous extract and H2O2 group, carbimazole drug group and H2O2 GroupThe results showed the following : 1 - Treatment the animals with cabbage aqueous extract caused significant decrease (P<0.05) in Hb, PCV and concentrations of T3 hormone, T4 hormone, TC, LDL - C, phospholipids, second atherogenic index, blood urea, serum creatinine, albumin, MDA, (ONOO - ) radical and Cp, While it caused significant increase in weights, TSH hormone, TG, VLDL - C, glucose, globulin and GSH compared with the control group. While no significant variations were observed in total (WBCs) and concentrations of AST, ALT, HDL - C, atherogenic index (first and third), uric acid and total protein compared with the control group. 2 - Treatment of rabbits with carbimazole drug showed significant decrease in levels of body weight, Hb, PCV, and concentrations of T3 hormone, HDL - C, blood urea, albumin, glucose, GSH and Cp. This treatment showed as well a significant increase in T4 hormone, TSH hormone, ALT, TG, uric acid, VLDL - C, serum creatinine and atherogenic indices levels, Whereas showed no significant variations in total (WBCs), AST, TC, LDL - C, phospholipids, total protein, globulin, MDA and (ONOO - ) radical compared with the control group. 3 - Compared with the control group the oxidative stress induced by H2O2 caused significant decrease in concentrations of Hb, T3 hormone, HDL - C, albumin, GSH and Cp, While this stress showed a significant increase in total (WBCs), T4 hormone, ALT, TG, VLDL - C, phospho - lipids, atherogenic indices levels, serum creatinine, glucose, MDA and (ONOO - ) radical. However no significant variations were observed in weights, TSH hormone, PCV, AST, TC, LDL - C, uric acid, blood urea, total protein and globulin compared with the control group.4 - The Treatment of rabbits under oxidative stress with cabbage extract showed significant decrease in Hb, PCV, T3 hormone, TC, LDL - C, phospholipids, atherogenic indices levels, blood urea, serum creatinine, albumin, GSH, MDA, (ONOO - ) radical and Cp comparison with the control group. While a significant increase was observed in weights and concentrations of T4 hormone, TG, HDL - C, VLDL - C, uric acid, glucose and globulin, While no significant variations showed in total (WBCs), TSH hormone, ALT, AST and total protein comparison with the control group.The study results revealed that the effect of cabbage aqueous extract was better than carbimazole effect as antithyroid and as antioxidant role by reduction the harmful effects of the free radicals through some improvement was observed in many physiological and biochemical activities in the body and may be used in protection and treatment many of pathological cases specially Hyperthyroidism, cancer and cardiovascular diseases.

التاثير الوقائي لعصير التفاح الاخضر والمستخلص المائي للزنجبيل في التقليل من التاثيرات الفسلجية والكيموحيوية للاشعة فوق البنفسجية والاشعة السينية في الجرذان The Protective Effect of Green Apple Juice And Ginger Aqueous Extract in Lowering of The Physiological And Biochemical Effect From Ultraviolet Ray And X - Ray in Rats

اسم المؤلف: عبير امين مصطفى الامين
اسم المشرف: زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي منى حسين جانكير
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: صممت الدراسة الحالية لمعرفة التاثير الوقائي لعصير التفاح الاخضر (Malus domestica) والمستخلص المائي للزنجبيل (Zingiber officinale) من التاثيرات الضارة نتيجة التعرض للاشعة فوق البنفسجية والاشعة السينية في ذكور واناث الجرذان البيض لمدة ثلاثة ايام من خلال قيا | This study is designed to evaluate the protective effect of Green Apple (Malus domestica) juice and the aqueous extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale) against the side effect of Ultraviolet ray (UV) and X - ray in male and female albino rats for three days by examined some physiological and biochemical effects and histotoxicity in liver and kidney tissues. The rats with age (5 - 7) months and weight (250 - 350) g were divided into 16 groups (5 rats for each group) : group (1) control group received drinking tab water and ideal diet, group (2) Ultraviolet ray group only for half hour, group (3) Ultraviolet ray group only for one hour, group(4) UV group for half hour + green apple juice (2 ml/kg), group (5) UV group for half hour + green apple juice (4 ml/kg), group (6) UV group for one hour + green apple juice (2 ml/kg), group (7) UV group for one hour + green apple juice (4 ml/kg), group (8) UV group for half hour +ginger abstract (1000mg/kg), group (9) UV group for half hour +ginger abstract (2000mg/kg), group (10) UV group for one hour +ginger abstract (1000mg/kg), group (11) UV group for one hour +ginger abstract (2000mg/kg), group (12) X - ray group only, group (13) X - ray group+ green apple juice (2 ml/kg), group (14) X - ray group+ green apple juice (4 ml/kg), group (15) X - ray group+ ginger abstract (1000mg/kg), group (16) X - ray group+ ginger abstract (2000mg/kg).The study result showed that : 1. The radiation exposed rats by Ultraviolet ray for half hour and one hour and exposed group to X - ray only caused significant elevation in total count of leukocytes (WBCs), Platelets count, and in the level of blood sugar (glucose), Total Cholesterol, Triglyceride (TG), Low density lipoprotein - cholesterol (LDL - C), Very low density lipoprotein - cholesterol (VLDL - C), Phospholipids, Atherogenic indices levels, Urea, Creatinine, Malondialdehyde, Peroxy nitrate radical, and a significant decrease in Packed cell volume (PCV), Haemoglobin (Hb), count of Erythrocytes (RBCs), High density lipoprotein - cholesterol (HDL - C), total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Uric acid, Glutathione compared with control group.2. when the groups treated by green apple juice (2, 4 ml/kg) and the aqueous extract of ginger (1000, 2000 mg/kg) after that exposing rats to the radiation by Ultraviolet ray for half hour and the exposing groups to Ultraviolet ray for one hour only and the exposing groups to X - ray only showed significant reduction in total count of leukocytes (WBCs), Platelets count, and in the level of blood sugar (glucose), total Cholesterol, triglyceride (TG), Low density lipoprotein - cholesterol (LDL - C), Very low density lipoprotein - cholesterol (VLDL - C), Phospholipids, Atherogenic indices levels, Urea, Creatinine, Malondialdehyde, Peroxy nitrate radical, and a significant increase in Packed cell volume (PCV), Haemoglobin (Hb), count of erythrocytes (RBCs), High density lipoprotein - cholesterol (HDL - C), total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Uric acid, Glutathione compared with groups exposed to Ultraviolet ray only for half hour.3. The Exposing radiation of the rats groups by Ultraviolet ray and X - ray that lead to makes changes in tissues and many abnormalities in animals liver and kidney of these groups, in liver this included necrosis and degeneration in the hepatocytes and fibrosis and observed Atrophy hepatocytes and that lead to loss its normal shape and observed infiltration of Lymphocyte and many ceases of Central vein damage and degeneration of epithelial cells and that caused hemolysis and hemorrhage cases and appear of RBCs in tissue sections. While in Kidney the tissue abnormalities included necrosis and degeneration the epithelial cells of tubules and damage cases of glomerulus, tubeules and blood vesscles and degeneration of epithelial cells and that lead to hemorrhage cases in most area and combined with Infiltration of Lymphocyte.4. when the animals groups treated by green apple juice (2, 4 ml/kg) and the aqueous extract of ginger (1000, 2000 mg/kg) after that exposing rats to the radiation by Ultraviolet ray and X - ray, this abnormalities happened but more less, and observed the normals shaped in some area of tissues sections. The result showed the important and the ability of Green Apple juice (Malus domestica) and the aqueous extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in protect against the side effect of Ultraviolet ray and X - ray in male and female albino rats

تاثير تراكيز مختلفة من الجبرلين والسماد النتروجيني في نمو وحاصل والمادة الفعالة لصنفين من نبات الكرفس Apium graveolens L. Effect of Use Different Concentration of Gibberellic Acid And Nitrogen Fertilizer On The Growth, Yield And Active Substance For Two Cultivars of Celery

اسم المؤلف: ماهر جاسم محمد الاسدي
اسم المشرف: انتصار حسين مهدي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: نفذت التجربة في الموسم الشتوي لعام (2013 - 2014) م في اصص بلاستيكية بقياس 15×16 سم في محافظة ذي قار, لمعرفة تاثير الرش بحامض الجبرلين ومستوى السماد النتروجيني والتداخل بينهما في النمو ومحتوى الثمار من الزيت الطيار والمادة الفعالة لصنفين من نبات الكرفس Api | The experiment was conducted in the winter season of the year (2013 - 2014) A.C. in a home garden in the governorate of Dhi Qar, to find out the effect of spraying Gibberellic acid and level of nitrogen fertilizer and the interference between them in the growth and content of the fruits of the essential oil and active substances for two cultivars of Celery (Apium graveolens L.).The design of The experiment was Randomized Complete Blocks Design (RCBD) with three replicates in factorial arrangement for three factors (2×4×4 the first factor includes two types of Celery cultivars (local and imported), the second factor includes four concentrations of Gibberellic acid (0, 50, 100 and 150) mg.L - 1, the third one includes four levels of nitrogen fertilizer (0, 10, 20 and 30) kg.dunam - 1. used Revised Least Significant Difference (RLSD) at probability level of (0.05) to compared the averages. The results showed the following : 1 - The local cultivars was significantly Outweighed in content of chlorophyll a, b and total chlorophyll and the percentage of essential oil in plant seeds. imported cultivars was significantly Outweighed on the local cultivars in other characters. 2 - The applying of Gibberellic acid caused a significant increase in all traits, the highest percentage increasing of the Characteristics at a concentration of Gibberellic acid (150) mg.L - 1 for most traits.3 - The nitrogen fertilizer levels (30)) kg.dunam - 1 were used gives significant increase in all of studied traits of the plant except for the percentage of phosphorus, where the increase did not reach to the significant level.4 - The interference between cultivars of plant and Gibberellic acid showed a significant difference in most of the studied traits except the Characteristics stem diameter, number of branches, flowering inflorescences, the wet and dry weights for shoot and root increase in significantly. the treatment of (150)) mg.L - 1 with a imported cultivar was Outweighed significantly in most vegetative growth Characteristics.5 - Binary interference between the plant cultivars and nitrogen fertilizer showed a significant effect for most of the characteristics, which reached the highest increase significantly treatment (30) Kg.dunm - 1, nitrogen of the imported cultivars. 6 - The binary interference between Gibberellic acid and nitrogen fertilizer caused significant effect in all traits except number of branches. Outperforming combination plants (150) mg.L - 1, Gibberellin and (30) Kgm.dunm - 1, significantly nitrogen fertilizer in most vegetative growth Characteristics and floral characteristics and the percentage of oil and active substances and yields the plant from seeds and t1000 seed weight.7 - The triple interference between study factors significantly affected the most qualities, where the given combination (150) mg.L - 1, Gibberellin and (30) Kg.dunm - 1, fertilizer nitrogen in the imported cultivars highest significant increase in most vegetative growth Characteristics and yields the plant from seeds.

دراسة عدد من المتغيرات الفسلجية والكيموحيوية المؤثرة في حصى الكلى لدى المرضى في مدينة تكريت وضواحيها A Study of Number of Physiological And Biochemical Effectual of Renal CALCULI in Patients From Tikrit City And It's Suburbs

اسم المؤلف: حلا حميد مجيد جاسم
اسم المشرف: وهبي عبد القادر سلمان نهاد نجرس هلال
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: جرت هذه الدراسة في مستشفى تكريت التعليمي في محافظة صلاح الدين للفترة من تموز (2007) ولغاية كانون الثاني (2008) والتي تهدف لدراسة عدد من المتغيرات الفسلجية والكيموحيوية المؤثرة في حصى الكلى لدى المرضى في مدينة تكريت وضواحيها وتم قياس تركيز هرمون الباراثارم | This Study had been carried in Training Tikirt hospital Salah El - din governorate during the period of July (2007) up to December (2008). This Study aimed to study number of Physiological and Biochemical effectual of renal calcul in Patients from Tikrit City and it's Suburbs and the concentrations of Parathrmone (PTH) and Calcitonin (CT) had been determind and Number of electrolites Calcium (Ca++), Magnesium (Mg++), Phosphorus (P+++) and Uric Acid concentrations and another blood parametrs had been determind too count of White Blood Cell (WBCs) and averge of Erythrocytes Sedimentation Rate (ESR). Sixty patients and Thirty healthy male and female were selected.The total number of patients were (25, 35) femal and male while the total number of healthy were (13, 17). The avarege of their ages were (20 - 80) year.The Medical Staff in Training Tikirt hospital diagnozed the patients and healthyby depending on the Clinical, Lab and Ultra Sonard reports.The results showed that : 1 - There was no significantly increased among patients and healthy at the levels of Hormone (PTH) and (Ca++), While the patients were significantly increased (P<0.05), (P<0.01) comparing with the healthy at the levels of (P+++), (UA), (WBCs) and (ESR). There was significantly decreased (P<0.05), (P<0.01) at the levels of hormone (CT) and (Mg++) in patients comparatively with healthy.2 - The female patients were significantly increased (P<0.05), (P<0.01) at the levels of hormone (PTH), (P+++), (UA), (WBCs) and (ESR) comparing with healthy females while the patients male were significantly increased (P<0.05), (P<0.01) at the levels of hormone (CT), (UA), (WBCs) and (ESR). Healthy males were significantly increased (P<0.01) (Mg++) comparing with patients males and also the healthy females were significantly increased (P<0.05), (P<0.01) at the levels of hormone (CT) and (Mg++) comparing with patient females.3 - The patients were increased in their aged group (20 - 39) year comparing with healthy significantly (P<0.05), (P<0.01) at the levels of (P+++), (UA), (WBCs) and (ESR), while the healthy who were increased in this group significantly (P<0.01) at the level of (Mg++) comparing with patients. According to the group of (40 - 59) year we noticed asignificantly increased (P<0.05) patients comparing with healthy at the levels of (P+++), (UA) and (ESR). The healthy were significantly increased in this group (P<0.05) at the level of (Mg++) comparing with patients. In the group (60 - more) year the patients were significantly increased (P<0.05) comparing with healthy at the levels of hormone (PTH), (P+++), (UA), (WBCs) and (ESR). While the healthy were increased in this group significantly (P<0.05), (P<0.01) at the levels of hormone (CT) and (Mg++) comparing with patients.4 - The patients were significantly increased (P<0.05) in mass group(20 - 25) Kg/m2 comparing with healthy at the levels of (P+++), (UA), (WBCs) and (ESR). While the healthy were increased In this group significantly (P<0.05) at the levels of hormone (CT) and (Mg++) comparing with the patients. In the mass group (31 - more) Kg/m2 significantly increased (P<0.05), (P<0.01) at the levels of hormone (PTH), (P+++), (UA), (WBCs) and (ESR) comparing with healthy. The healthy achieved significantly increased (P<0.05), (P<0.01) at the levels of hormone (CT) and (Mg++).5 - According to the place of living we noticed asignificantly increased (P<0.05), (P<0.01) for patients who were living in cities at the levels of (P+++), (UA), (WBCs) and (ESR) comparing with healthy and they increased at the level of (Mg++). While the patients who were living in district were significantly increased (P<0.05) at the levels of (P+++), (UA), (WBCs) and (ESR) comparing with healthy. The patients who were living in village were significantly increased (P<0.05) at the levels of (P+++), (UA), (WBCs) and (ESR) comparing with healthy while the healthy achieved significantly increased (P<0.05) at the levels of hormone (CT) and (Mg++) comparing with patients.

دراسة وبائية لطفيليات القناة الهضمية عن منطقتي ابو غريب والعامرية وتاثيرها في بعض مستويات الدم Survey of Intestinal Parasites In Abu - Ghreeb And Al - Ameria Areas And Their Effect On Some Blood Components A Thesis Submitted

اسم المؤلف: دعاء بهاء عبد الجبار
اسم المشرف: طالب عبد الله حسين
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية العلوم للبنات
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية اجراء مقارنة حول نسب انتشار الطفيليات المعوية وعلاقة الاصابة ببعض مكونات الدم المحيطي (اقيام الهيموغلوبين والعدد الكلي لكريات الدم البيض واعداد الحمضات) في مرضى من منطقتي ابو غريب والعامرية خلال المدة مابين شهر تشرين الاول 2011 ولغاي | The present study has included the comparison 0f prevalence rates of intestinal parasites and the relationship of infection of certain components peripheral blood (hemoglobin values, the total number of white blood cells, eosinophils numbers) in patients of each of the regions of Abu Ghraib and Amiriyah during the period from October, 2011 until July, 2012 as it has been collected (2449) stool samples that were distributed between (1430) stool samples from Abu Ghraib Hospital auditors and (1019) stool samples of auditors of the Health Center in Amiriya and also it has been collected blood samples. Stool samples were examined by direct method using brine (Normal Saline) and tincture of iodine (Lugol's Iodine) and the floating way by sulphate zinc water (ZnSo4.7H2O) to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasites and the relationship of infection by age, sex, number of family members, and the type of water used for drinking. The results showed the presence of significant difference at the possibility(p<0.05) in total infection for the regions of Abu Ghraib and Ameriyah where the percentage was (36.29%) in the area of Abu Ghraib and (27.57%) for the Amiriyah area. It has been diagnosed five types of intestinal parasites (protozoa + Helminthes) as follows : A - Intestinal protozoa in the Abu Ghraib and for the Amiriyah area : 1 - Entamoeba histolytica was (17.62%, 16.68%).2 - Giardia lamblia was (11.95%, 5.49%).3 - Entamoeba coli colon was (2.44%, 2.55%(.B - Helminthes1 - Dwarf tapeworm Hymenolepis nana was (2.37%, 1.76.(2 - pinworm Enterobius vermicularis was (1.88%, 1.07.(We Did not observe any significant differences between the infection of intestinal parasites and sex factor where the total infection for males was (6.53%) while for females, it reached (8.06%) for Abu Ghraib, as to the Amiriya region, also we did not notice any significant differences between the infection of intestinal parasites and sex factor where The total infection for males was (7.26%) while for females, it was (6.84%(. It has been also found that there are significant differences and when probability of (P <0.05) for the infection with parasite (Giardia lamblia) between the areas of Abu Ghraib and Amiriyah where infection rate reached (11.9%) in Abu Ghraib while for the Amiriyah area, it has reached the ratio of, (5.49%) for the same parasite, while there was no significant difference between the other four types of parasites. The individual injuries are prevalent Lama has reached bilateral injuries (56) bilateral injury in the Abu Ghraib area, and (13) in the area of bilateral injury Ameria and most of the injuries were bilateral parasite (E.histolytica+ G.lamblia). The results showed that there is a significant difference when probability (P <0.01) for the distribution of age groups, reaching the highest infection rate in the age group of (29 - 20) years, (56.68%) and the lowest infection in the age group (60 years and over) the percentage of infection was (21.42%) in the Abu Ghraib area, while for Amiriyah area, it has been recorded the highest infection rate in the age group of (29.20), where it reached (49.22%) and the lowest injury in the age group (60 years and above) where The percentage of infection was (4.82%(. Also, it was noticed the emergence of variation in the values of the components of the peripheral blood and the lack of significant difference when probability (P <0.05) in the area of Abu Ghraib where it recorded the highest proportion of hemoglobin in the parasite (Entamoeba histolytica), amounting to (12.40 g / 100 ml) and the lowest percentage hemoglobin was recorded in parasite (Enterobius vermicularis) amounting to (9.46 cells / mm3), and the lack of a significant difference in the total number of white blood cells where it recorded the highest rate in the parasite (Entamoeba histolytica) 6776.32 cells / mm3 while the lowest rate was recorded in the parasite (Enterobius vermicularis (5074.37cell\mm3, and lack of a significant difference for eosinophile numbers was recorded the highest proportion in parasite Hymenolepis nana 516.63 cell\mm3 and the lowst rate was recorded in parasite Entamoeba histolytica 159.63 cell\mm3. As for the Amiriyah, it hasn’t been noticed any significant differences when probability (P <0.05), where the highest proportion of hemoglobin in the parasite (Entamoeba histolytica), was (11.76 g / 100 ml) and the lowest percentage hemoglobin recorded in parasite (Enterobius vermicularis) was (9.90 g / 100ml), and there was the lack of a significant difference in the total number of white blood cells, where it has been recorded the highest rate in the parasite (Entamoeba histolytica) 6574.59 cells / mm3 and the lowest rate was recorded in the parasite (Entamoeba coli) 5700.00 cells / mm3 and the lack of a significant difference for eosinophile numbers. The highest proportion in parasite Enterobius vermicularis was 518.65 cell\mm3 and the lowst rate in parasite Entamoeba coli was 140.29 cell\mm3. The results also showed that there is a high significant difference when the probability (P <0.01) in the incidence of intestinal parasites and the relationship of water used for drinking where the study proved that the highest infection rates recorded of the people who use canal waters and water tank where It percentages was (49.54%, 39.00%), respectively while the lowest rate of infection was recorded in people who use boiling water which reached (14.02%). The same applies to the Amiriya district which recorded the highest percentage of people who use tap water and the lowest percentage of those using boiling water reaching ratios (41.49 %, 12.5%), respectively.

دراسة وبائيــة وتشخيصيـة للانماط الوراثية لطفيلي Giardia lamblia المسبب للاسهال لدى المرضى في محافـــظة النجــــف الاشرف باستخدام تقنيـــة الـ PCR Epidemiological And Diagnostic Study of The Giardia Lamblia Parasite Genotypes, Which Causes Diarrhea Among The Patients In Al - Najaf Al - Asharf, Province, By Using The Pcr Technique

اسم المؤلف: وداد هاشم يحيـى ناصر المحنة
اسم المشرف: جميل جري يوسف الحميداوي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية في قسم علوم الحياة - كلية التربية للبنات - جامعة الكوفة للمدة من تموز 2011 ولغاية حزيران 2012 والتي تهدف الى دراسة وبائية طفيلي Giardia lamblia وتحديد الانماط الوراثية للطفيلي لدى المرضى المصابين بالاسهال في محافظة النجف الاشرف باستع | The Present study was carried out in the Department of Biology - College of Education for Girls - University of Kufa for the period from July 2011 until June 2012, it aims to study the prevalence of the Giardia lamblia parasite and identify genotypes of the parasite in patients with diarrhea in the province of Najaf by using the microscopic examination and the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).The results of microscopic examination of 3383 stool samples, 500 samples are infected by the G. lamblia parasite, with a total percentage of 14.8%. The results of the statistical analysis showed that there were significant differences at the level of probability P ? 0.05 where the rate of infection in the liquid samples was higher than it is in semi - liquid samples, reaching 17.2% and 10.7% respectively. As the results show the incidence of the parasite in males are higher than it in females reached 16.8% and 11.1%, respectively, as well as the spread of infection with the parasite in the rural areas more than the urban area where the ratio was 19.6% and 9.1%, respectively, the results also show that the highest infection rate with the parasite was in the age group aged (1ess than year) and the lowest in the group aged (36 - 40) years, reaching 28.0% and 10.0%, respectively. The results also show that the highest percentage of parasite infection was in the September, 44%, while the lowest infection rate was in December, reaching 6.1%. The results of the current study show that the highest infection rate parasite was in patients in the hospital of Manathira which amounted to 16.5% and that the lower infection rate was among patients of the Medical Al - Sader city hospital, reaching 11.7%. The results of extracting (100) Stool Samples by microscopic examination for patients infected with G.lamblia showed the presence of the gentic material DNA of the G. lamblia parasite in (41) samples which constitute 41%, and results of the examination by PCR by using Triose phosphate isomerase (Tpi) Showed that there are signiinficant differences at the level of probability, p ? 0.05 percentage infection with the genotype (B) compared with the genotype (A), which were 61% and 39.1% respectively.The highest rate of infection with the genotype (B) in the semi - liquid samples was 69.3% compared to the liquid samples, which amounted to 67.9%, while the genotype (A) had the highest rate of infection in the liquid samples, which amounted to 32.2% while it was 30.8% in the semi - liquid samples.As the results showed that the percentage of infected male with the genotype (B) was more than it is in females, reaching 62.5% and 58.9%, respectively, and in type (A) the infection of females was higher than the infection males 41.2% and 37.5% respectively. As the results show the spread of genotype (B) in the urban area is more than the rural area, the percentage of infection is, 72.8% and 66.7% respectively, while type (A) was more prevalent in rural than in the urban, where the percentage of infection is 33.4% and 27.3% respectively.The results also showed that the highest incidence of the genotype (B) was in the age group (41 - 45), it reached 75% and the lowest percentage in the age group(1 - 5) (11 - 15) (26 - 30) (36 - 40) years, amounting to 50%, while genotype (A), the highest rate of infection, when age group (1 - 5)(11 - 15)(26 - 30)(36 - 40) years to approximately 50% and the lowest percentage of infection in the age group (41 - 45), was 25%.

دراسة تشخيصية لانواع تحت العائلة Tubificinae (قليلة الاهلاب : نايديدي) من بيئات مائية مختلفة داخل مدينة بغداد - العراق An Identification Study On Subfamily Tubificinae (Oligochaeta : Naididae) From Different Aquatic Habitat In Baghdad / Iraq

اسم المؤلف: افراح محمد علوان الجبوري
اسم المشرف: هيفاء جواد جوير
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية العلوم للبنات
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: انواع تحت العائلة Tubificinae ديدان مائية حمراء اللون يتراوح طولها مابين 1سم الى عدة سنتمترات وقطرها حوالي 1ملم تنتمي الى العائلة Naidiadae، الصنف الثانوي قليلة الاهلاب، صنف السرجيات التابع لشعبة الديدان الحلقية، وتسمى عاميا" بديدان الوحل. تقطن هذه المجم | Species of Subfamily Tubificinae are aquatic red worms, their length ranged between 1cm to several centimeters, and their diameter about I mm, and they are classified with Family Naididae, subclass Oligochaeta, class Clitellata, phylum Annelida. They are commonly called "sludge worms". This group inhabit the rivers, lakes and ponds sediment, and some species also found in marine habitat, they are considered as one of the main benthos components specially in freshwater, with increase abundance in soft sediment rich in organic matters. Sludge worms individuals are hermaphrodite, reproduced sexually by cross - fertilization, eggs led in cocoon and hatched directly without any larval stage. They are also reproducing asexually by ArchitomyAccording to the economic importance of this worms as good food for fish, their ecological role as well known bio - indicators, little studies about their identification were available and absence of check list of their species in Iraq, the present investigation idea was come to concern primarily with sorting and identification of subfamily Tubificinae from River Tigris and some water surface in Baghdad /Iraq. For this purpose six study sites were chosen, including a drainage canal, North Baghdad (S1); three sites on the shore of River Tigris (S2, S3 & S4) ; in addition to site in Al - Jeish canal, East Baghdad (S5), finally the sixth site was from pond in Al - Zawra'a park, within the center of Baghdad (S6). These sites were characterized by sedimenet rang from clay, silty - clay to silty with a percentage of organic matter ranged between higher percentage of 9.9% in site S5 and 0.7% as a lowest percentage in site S1. According to water temperature, salinity and pH values, they were identical in all study sites.3628 individuals were sorted from 24 samples collected from all study sites. The sorting results revealed that the highest number of worms (1346 ind.) recorded in site S5, while the lowest number (326ind.) recorded in site S4. Twelve species were identified belonging to seven genera, and Limnodrilus was the most dominant genus. Five species were considered as new records to Iraq, which are L. silvani in S6, P. hammoniensis & Monopylophorus irroratus in P. moravicus in S2 and Rhyacodrilus cocciensis in S6.Five species of Limnodrilus were recorded, including L. hoffmeisteri, L. claparadienus, L. profundicola, L. udekemianus, and L. silvani with a percentage of 52%, 1.40%, 4%, 10.03% and 0.35% for each species respectively. Two species of Potamothrix were recorded which are P. bavaricus and P. hammoniensis with a percentage of 2% and 2.05% respectively, in addition to Branchiura sowerbyi, Psammoryctides moravicus, Tubifex tubifes, Rhyacodrilus cocciensis, and Monopylophorus irroratus with a percentage of 26.07%, 0.33%, 3%, 0.27, and 0.24 respectively. The higher frequency percentage of 100% was recorded by L. hoffmeisteri and B. sowerbyi.High densities of Tubificinae were recorded during all study period. Higher density of 6882 ind./m2 was recorded during in site S1; 4296 ind/m2 in site S2 ; 4496 ind/ m2, ind/ m2in site S3; 3730 ind/ m2 in site S4; 15218 ind/ m2 in site S5 and 7026 ind/ m2 in site S6.The results of relative abundance revealed that L. hoffmeisteri was the dominant species in site S3 and abundant in other study sites. B. sowerbyi was abundant in all study sites, while other species were recorded between few to rare species except L. udekemianus which was abundant in site S5, and T. tubifex in site S4. It was clear from species richness index, Shannon - Wiener diversity index, and species uniformity index, that the highest value for each index was recorded during cold months (Dec. - Feb.), 1.47, 2.83bit/ind, and 1.17 respectively, while the result of cluster analysis depending on Jaccard index of similarity revealed that the highest similarity of 80% found between S1& S6.The investigation also includes description of identified species and photos of identification criteria for each species. B. sowerbyi was easily recognized from other species by having gill filaments at the posterior end of the body. Species of Limnodrilus were characterized by the absence of hair chaetae, and they are differentiated by the shape of penis sheath, due to the close similarity of chaetal shapes, with the exception of L. udekemianus in which its anterior chaetae characterized by long and curved dorsal tooth. Species of Potamothrix were recognized by the presence of a pair of spermathecal chaetae, its shape was used to differentiate between P. hammoniensis, which have long gutter - shape and P. bavaricus, which have plade - like shape with triangle base. P. moravicus also have spermathecal chaetae but it was differed from that of Pomatothrix species by its long and narrow shape. T. tubifex was identified by its tub - shaped penis sheath, while R. cocciensis, was recognized by their penial chaetae in segment NO. XI, and M. irroratus by the presence of pseudopenis and its sheath.

تاثير المستخلص الكحولي الخام لاوراق الجت (Medicago sativa) على بعض المعايير الفسلجية والكيموحيوية في اناث الجرذان المستحثه بمادة الالوكسان Effects of Crude Alcoholic Extract of Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa) Leaves On Some Physiological And Biochemical Parameters In Alloxan Induced Diabetic Female Rats

اسم المؤلف: حوراء سليم محمد طه بشيبش
اسم المشرف: عبد الزهرة كاظم محمد علي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة في مختبر البحوث السريرية في كلية الصيدلة ومختبر فسلجة الحيوان في كلية العلوم / جامعة الكوفة للمدة من 15 / 9 /2011 الى 12 /3 /2012 للتقصي عن فعالية المستخلص الكحولي الخام لاوراق نبات الجت Medicago sativa L. في تخفيض مستوى سكر الدم وبعض ال | This study was conducted at the Clinical researches laboratory/ Pharmacy College and Animal physiology laboratory/ Sciences College / university of Kufa during the period from 15/ 9/ 2011 to 12 / 3/ 2012 to investigate the activity of the crud alcoholic extract of the alfalfa (Medicago sativa L). leaves in affecting the blood glucose level and some physiological and biochemical changes due to induced diabetes mellitus by alloxan (150) mg/kg in female albino rats (Ratus ratus), in comparison with the activity of the reference drugs Glibenclamide. This study was also used to know the effect of the extract in normal (healthy) female rats. In this study (54) female rats were utilized which were divided into (9) groups with 6 rats for each group. Diabetes mellitus was induced in (30) female rats, were distributed into 5 sub groups. One of them was considered as control group for the infected rats, and three groups of them were treated with different concentrations of the extract (250, 500 and 750)mg/kg while the fifth group was treated by the chemical drug Glibenclamide (0.6) mg/kg. The other 24 normal rats were also divided into 4 sub groups, one of them considered as control group. And the other three groups were treated with the extract concentrations (250, 500 and 750)mg/kg. The treating period with the plant extract and the drug continued for 30 day.Results of this study were as the following : ? A significant (P< 0.05) decrease was showen in total body weight, insulin hormone and HDL - c levels, total WBC and RBC count in addition to Hb concentration in infected group of diabetes mellitus in comparison with healthy control group.? A significant (P< 0.05) increase was clear in the levels of glucose, TC, TG, LDL - c, VLDL - c, urea, creatinine and ALT and AST enzymes in infected group in comparison with healthy control group.? The healthy rats that treated with the extract concentrations were showed a significant increase in their total body weight at the end period as compared with the first day of experiment, there was also a significant (P < 0.05) increase in body weights of the infected rats that were treated by the two concentrations (500, 750) mg/kg of extract as compared with infected control group.? The infected rats that treated by all three concentration of plant extract and the glibenclamid drug were exhibited a significant (P< 0.05) increase in insulin level as compared with infected control group.? on the other hand, it was also showen a significant (P< 0.05) decrease in glucose level of infected rats that have been treated by the three concentrations and the (0.6) mg/kg concentration of glibenclamid as compared with infected control group.? The levels of TC, TG, LDL - c, VLDL - c were significantly (P< 0.05) decreased, in contrast a significant increase was occurred in the level of HDL - c in infected rats when they treated by all the concentrations of plant extract as compared with infected control group.? The urea and creatinine levels showed a significant (P< 0.05) decrease when the infected rats were treated by the two concentrations (500, 750) mg/kg as compared with infected control group, while in the healthy rats, the urea level showed a significant (P< 0.05) decrease as compared with healthy control group.? A significant (P < 0.05) decrease was occurred in ALT enzyme level when the infected rats were treated by all extract concentrations and the chemical drug. But AST enzyme level was significantly (P < 0.05) decrease when the infected rats were only treated with the two concentrations (500, 750) mg/kg of plant extract in addition to glibenclamid as compared with healthy control group.? The two concentrations (500, 750) mg/kg of plant extract and the concentration (0.6) mg/kg of the glibenclamid drug caused a significant (P< 0.05) increase in total RBC count, and the hemoglobin concentration, while only the larger dose of plant extract caused a significant (P < 0.05) increase in total WBC count in infected rats as as compared with infected control group.In conclusion, the results of this study indicate that the two concentrations (500, 750) mg/kg of alfalfa leaves extract gave a good results, even better than the reference drug, glibenclamid for treating diabetes mellitus, in addition to ameliorate the metabolic disorders that accompany it.

تحديد تجمعات Giardia lamblia ومعقد Entamoeba histolytica / Entamoeba dispar بالتشخيص الجزيئي (PCR) للمصابين في تكريت Determination of Giardia Lamblia Assemblages And Entamoeba Histolytica / Entamoeba Dispar Complex By Molecular Diagnosis (Pcr) in Patient in Tikrit

اسم المؤلف: انتصار غانم عبد الوهاب الصميدعي
اسم المشرف: شهاب احمد محمد الجبوري عقيل حسين العاصي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الاحياء المجهرية - الطفيليات
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة للمدة من كانون الثاني 2011 ولغاية كانون الاول 2011 للمرضى الراقدين والمراجعين لمستشفى تكريت التعليمي وبعض المختبرات الخاصة في مركز المدينة وضواحيها والذين يعانون اعراض مرضية مختلفه ولفئات عمرية مختلفة ترواحت بين اقل من سنة الى 61 سنة، ح | This study was conducted for the period started from January 2011 until December 2011 on inpatients and outpatients of Tikrit educational hospital and some private laboratories at Tikrit city and surrounded suburbs. Symptoms of different diseases among various age groups varies between less than one year to 61 years. The tests used the (ELISA & PCR) and the analysis of the PCR - RFLP to discriminate the infection by assemblage of Giardia lamblia and differentiate between pathogenic amoeba Entamoeba histolytica and nonpathogenic Entamoeba dispar compared with microscopical examination. The result of present study showed that (75) person who represent (37.5%) were infected by Giardia lamblia and (75) person who represent (37.5%) were infected by E.histolytica/E.dispare complex, out of (200) stool samples which have been tested by microscopical examination. Epidemiological study showed no significant difference among the sex for the two species parasites whereas a high percentage for infection recorded in group at age (1? - 10) year for Giardia lamblia and E.histolytica / E.dispar complex reach to (60%, 36%) respectively. Regarding the place of living Giardia lamblia in rural area showed infection rate of (19.5 %), while infection rate by E.histolytica/E.dispar complex reaches (22.5%) in urban area. Statistical analysis shows a high difference of significance according the source of water supply. Tap water showed high incidence for initiating infection which reaches to (93.3%) by G.lamblia and (90%) for E.histolytica/E.dispar complex. For the infection rates and their relationship to the educational level, the results show that the highest rates of infection recorded in non - educated (52%) and (73.3%) of Giardia lamblia and E.histolytica / E.dispar complex, respectively. Depending on the sample texture, the result show that oily diarrhea is more correlate with infection reaches to (33.3%) of Giardia lamblia and the watery diarrhea form 40% by E.histolytica / E.dispar complex, while simultaneous occurrence of both symptom (colic and loss of appetite) are the most symptom synchronized with infection records (44%) for Giardia lamblia and (36%) for E.histolytica / E.dispar complex. The percentage of infection by Giardia Lamblia in this study depends on the test results of the ELISA was (20%), while the percentage of infection E.histolytica/E.dispar complex was (6.7%). Testing has shown sensitivity compared to microscopic examination reaches to (22.6%) and (8%) for both parasite respectively, while the test showed a high specificity which reaches the rate (93.3%) and (100%) for both parasites respectively. Result of PCR showed a percentage of infection by E.dispar about (32%) (64 sample) from the total samples, whereas it does register any cases infection by E.histolytica. By counting the results of the PCR for the three genes (ssu rRNA + TPIA + GDH) they show a total infection by Giardia lamblia which was (10.5%) (21 samples). This study recorded percentage of infection Giardia lamblia depending on the result of the three Genes separately amounted to (4%), (5%), (3%) for (ssu rRNA, TPIA, GDH) respectively. According to the result of the analysis PCR - RFLP for GDH gene by using the enzyme NIaIV, it did not record any infection by Giardia lamblia (assemblage A), whereas (6 samples) recorded (100) by Giardia lamblia (assemblage B), by using the enzyme Rsal to determine the secondary assemblage shows that the total (6 samples) infected there are 5 samples carrying infection by two type of secondary assemblage returning to the assemblage B (assemblage BIII +BIV) and only one sample infected with (assemblage BIV). To determine the assemblage and secondary assemblage for the parasite result compared with amplification of TPIA gene with lysis by enzyme for the resulting amplification for GDH gene, resulting a ratio of (14.3%) for a sample infection by both assemblage (A+B) and secondary assemblage (BIII+BIV) together, and a ratio of (57.14%) infection by assemblage A only and (21.4%) infection by secondary assemblage (BIII+BIV) together and (7.14%) infection by BIV only.

تاثير اضافة الكالسيوم للتربة والرش بالبورون في صفات نمو وحاصل الحنطة Triticum aestivum L Effect of Added Calcium For The Soil And Spray With Boron In Growth And Yield of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum L.)

اسم المؤلف: خمائل علي كريم
اسم المشرف: محمود شاكر رشيد الجبوري
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة في المشتل التابع لمديرية زراعة محافظة ديالى للموسم الشتوي 2012 - 2013 وذلك لدراسة تاثير تراكيز مختلفة من البورون(0, 10, 20, 30, 40 ppm) والكالسيوم(0, 50, 100, 150, 200غم)والتداخل بينهما, بدراسة بعض المعالم المظهرية والفسلجية كارتفاع النب | This experiment did in the nursery which followed for the Diyala Directorate of agricultural in winter season 2012 - 2013, that to study the effectives of different concentrations from Boron (40, 30, 20, 10, 0 ppm ) and Calcium(200, 150, 100, 50, 0) and the interior between them, by using some of appearances and felsitic as a plant arise. The leaf's area ear's length, the greenGather of the dry weight, the contain of the plant with chlorophyll, protein carbohydrate, elements, grain's weight, Brolin. This results cleared that improvement in plant's rising. The leaf's area, ear's length, dry weight, chlorophyllProtein, grain's weight when adding the Boron in concentrations (ppm 10)The rate of increasing(%5.1, 19.7, 47.2, 11.0, 9.7, 44.3, 65) for the specification above. on a continually comparative with controlling equal. But some specifications was reduced above in Comparative (ppm40) the rate of decrease(%2.9, 13.5, 22.1, 6.7, 5.4, 22.6, 39.9) on a continually, byAdding Calcium increased each of plant's rises, The leaf's area, ear's length, dryWeight, chlorophyll, protein and grain's weight in concentrations (50) theIncreasing rate is(%5.6, 17.6, 43.4, 12.1, 10.0, 41.7, 62.9) for the specification above comparative with controllingtreatment, but the specifications reduced in concentrations(200).The rateof reducing is(%2.6, 12.8, 27.5, 6.1, 5.3, 26.5, 45.3).So noticed the Positives increased in contains ofCarbohydrate, prolin, and content of elements that a highest rate of concentrations(200, 150) about the effective of interior that reached a highest rate in level(ppm Bo, 10+Ca 150) so as(ppm Bo 30+ Ca150).

دراسـة تصنيفية للجـنـس Rhagadiolus Scop. (Compositae) في العراق A Systematic Study of The Genus Rhagadiolus Scop. (Compositae) In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: اوراس عبد السيد مهدي الحسيني
اسم المشرف: عبد الكريم خضير البيرماني
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بابل - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت الدراسة الحالية دراسة اربعة انواع للجنس Rhagadiolus Scop. في العراق دراسة تصنيفية مقارنة شملت الصفات المظهرية والتشريحية وحبوب اللقاح والبيئة والتوزيع الجغرافي للانواع اضافة الى التصنيف العددي.شملت الدراسة المظهرية صفات الجذور والسيقان والاوراق وا | The genus Rhagadiolus Scop. in Iraq has been systematically studied. Work involving comparative morphology, anatomy, palynology, ecology & geographical distribution and numerical taxonomy has been presented. The morphological study includes studying the characters of root, stems, leaves, inflorescences, phyllaries, flowers, and fruits in addition to indumentums. It has been clear that the characters of stems, leaves, involucres bracts and fruits have a taxonomic importance.Also it has studied some of the micro morphological characters and their taxonomic importances were assessed.The present study showed that the pollen grains of all species were found to be tricolporate with echinate surface & of little taxonomic value. This study also includes characters of the epidermal leaf and stems, indumentums, venation and transverse section of stems and leaves discussion were also included, the taxonomic importance of each character & its variation, it is shown that these characters have an importance assessing morphological characters to isolate these species.Data obtained from herbarium specimens, literature and trips was utilized to elucidate the ecology of the species. Maps of geographical distribution were prepared for all species studied. It has been shown that R.angulosus was the most widely distributed species in the country. The species under current study were numerically treated ; dendrograms and polygonal graphs were drawn for the species of the genus. In conclusion (4) species of the genus Rhagadiolus : R.angulosus, R.edulis, R.hamosus and R.stellatus were recognized for Iraq, taxonomic treatment has been carried out for all Rhagadiolus species and key was designed for them too.

تقييم مستوى بعض الحركيات الخلوية لدى المرضــى المصابين بفايروس الحلا البسيط النمط الاول Herpes simplex virus - 1 Evaluation of The Level of Some Cytokines In Patients With Herpes Simplex Virus Type I (HSV - 1)

اسم المؤلف: حسين علي كاظم
اسم المشرف: سهام جاسم الكعبي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى تسليط الضوء على مجموعة من المرضى المصابين بفايروس الحلا البسيط النمط الاول Herpes simplex virus - 1(HSV - 1) من خلال تقييم مستوى نوعين من الحركيات الخلوية الموجودة في مصولهم. شملت هذه الحركيات الخلوية الانترلوكين Interleukin - 6(I | The present study aimed to highlight a group of patients infected with herpes simplex virus type I (HSV - 1) by evaluating levels of two types cytokines in sera. These included cytokines interleukin - 6 (IL - 6) and tumor necrosis factor - alpha (TNF - ?) has been evaluated using the technique of Enzyme - linked immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), has also been investigating the relationship between these cytokines and the stages of infection compared to the control group. Before that rapid cytologic method has been used to diagnose the virus by detecting the presence of multinucleated giant cells, and then was diagnosed serologically by specific IgM and IgG monoclonal antibodies against Herpes simplex virus - 1. It was also used Radial immunodiffusion method to evaluate levels of total IgM and IgG in patients sera.Sixty four sera samples were collected from patients who are attending to the consultants clinics of Al - Hakeem general hospital and AL - Sader teaching hospital in AL - Najaf AL - Ashraf governorate for the period from October 21/2012 until March 13/2013. These Samples were divided into two groups : (32) sample during primary and recurrent infection, (32) after recovery from infection (latent stage), as well as (16) sample were collected from healthy individuals, who were regarded as acontrol groups.The study reached to the following results : • A significant increment (p<0.05) in sera concentrations of IL - 6 in patients during infection as compared with control groups, but the increment was not significant in sera of patients during latent stage.• TNF - ? levels increased in sera of patient, but this increment was not significant as compared with controls group.• There was no significant increase of Total IgM levels in sera of patients.• Total IgG levels increased significantly in sera of patients during infection and latent stage as compared with control group.• A highly significant positive correlation (r= 0.7, p= 0.00) between TNF - ? and IL - 6 concentration in sera of patients.• There was no significant correlation (p>0.05) between Total IgM levels and (IL - 6 and TNF - ?) in sera of patients with correlation coefficient (r= 0.1, r=0.2) respectively.• Positive significant correlation (r= 0.4, p= 0.02) was found between total IgG levels and IL - 6 in patients during infection, but was no correlation between them in latent stage.• There was no association between age and IL - 6 and TNF - ? levels in sera of patients with HSV - 1.Finally, the elevation of TNF - ? and IL - 6 levels in sera of infected patients with HSV - 1 may be play an important role in pathogenicity of virus, as well as it may limits the viral infection.Furthermore, there are positive correlation between levels of TNF - ? and IL - 6 in sera of patients

دراسة بعض التاثيرات المرضية للدودة الدبوسية Enterobius vermicularis لدى الاطفال في محافظة النجف The Study of Some Pathologaical Effects of Pin Worm Enterobius Vermicularis Among The Children In Al - Najaf Province

اسم المؤلف: ساهرة عايد عبد الصاحب الموسوي
اسم المشرف: هيثم محمد حمادي العوادي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية - الطفيليات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية للمدة من شهر تشرين الثاني 2011 الى شهر تموز 2012, لمعرفة تاثير الدودة الدبوسية Enterobius vermicularis في بعض المعايير الدموية والكيموحيوية والسريرية لدى الاطفال المصابين بالدودة (12 - 4سنة). استخدمت طريقة الشريط اللاصق الاسكتلندي في | The present study was conducted during the period from November 2011 to July 2012, to evaluat the effect of the pin worm Enterobius vermicularis on the Hematological, biochemical and chlinical parameters in infected children (4 - 12 year).This study included 300 patient from both sexes and different ages. The Scotch Cellulose Tape Technique used for the examination of pin worm in children, attended Al - Sader Educational Hospital, Al - Zahraa hospitals and central laboratory in Al - Najaf Al - Ashraff city. The results of the sudy showed a significant decrease was noticed in Hb and PVC in infected person compared with the control group While there was a significant increase in each of the total number of white blood cells and Eosinophils and Neutrophile and a decrease in Lymphocyte, and it did not show any significant difference in the Basophilis and Monocyte in children infected with pin worm compared with the control group.The results of the study showed a significant increase in the levels of Nitric Oxide, Malondialdehyde, it also showed a significant decrease in the levels of Gluthanione in the infected group compared with the control group. The concentration of Copper, Zinc, Magnesium and Vitamine B12 were low in children infected with pin worm compared with the control group. The high incidence rate of infection accompined with patient suffering from pruritus ani and nocturnal enuresis. The age group (10 - 12) year represent the highest group infected with the worm.The education level influence the distribution of these worm among un educated families, and ratio of infection increase in male and female in families which contain more than (10) members with significant difference P<0.05 and this ratio decreased in children in families which contain between 3 - 4 members.This study did not show any significance defferent in infection among the ratio of infection between male and female under P<0.05.

دراسة التاثير المثبط لبعض انواع بكتريا حامض اللاكتيك ضد بعض انواع الفطريات الممرضة والمنتجة للسموم Study The Inhibition Effect of Some Species of Lactic Acid Bacteria Against Some Pathogenic And Toxins Producing Fungi Types

اسم المؤلف: لؤي برهان مصطفى محمد
اسم المشرف: كركز محمد ثلج الجبوري
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة في مختبرات قسم علوم الحياة في كلية التربية بهدف عزل وتشخيص بعض انواع بكتريا حامض اللاكتيك ومحاولة اختبار قابلية خلاياها او النواتج الايضية منها وكذلك دراسة تاثير المستويات المختلفة من درجة الحرارة والاس الهيدروجيني في القابليـة التثبيطية لب | This work aimed to investigate the effects of some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) species (cells or their metabolic products) at different temperatures and pH levels on some soil pathogenic or toxin produced fungi species. Six LAB isolates and the identification was depended on the morphological and cultural characterized and biochemical testes, the isolates were determined as Lactobacillus delubricii subsp. delubricii, Lactobacillus delubricii subsp. bulgaricus, Lactobcillus casei, Lactobacillus acidophilus, Leuconostoc mesentroides and Streptococcus thermophilus, and four fungal species Microsporum canis, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Aspergillus fumigatus and Rhizopus stolinfer were identified. In this study the highest inhibition effect against the above mentioned fungi was shown by L. acidophilus as a significant (P< 0.05) efficacy where the diameter of inhibition zone in case of M. canis, T. mentagrophytes, A. fumigtus and R. stolonifer was 26, 32, 30 and 28 mm respectively. Less inhibition activity was exhibited by Leu. mesentroides and Str. thermophilus while the lowest inhibition was shown by L. delubricii. Results showed also that the temperature optimal for the growth of bacterial species (except L. casei and Str. thermophilus) tested and their inhibition activity was 30 °C. However, temperature of 35 °C was the optimal for the highest inhibitory effect of both L. casei and Str. thermophilus. At 25 °C of studied bacterial species showed decreased inhibitory effect against the tested fungi. Concerning the pH, the present study showed that the highest inhibitory of all tested bacteria species (except L. acidophilus) was at pH 6.5, L. acidophilus showed such activity at pH 5.5. This study revealed that the inhibitory effect of metabolites produced mixture of the tested bacterial species was directly proportional with its concentrate. Where this mixture was used at media concentration of 10, 20 and 40 mg/ml cultural. However, metabolic products from L. acidophilus, Leu. mesentroides and Str. thermophilus was the most effective in inhibition activity compared with the rest of the bacteria species used particularly at 40 mg/ml cultural media

دراسة بكتريولوجية لبيئة بعض كهوف شمال العراق والتحري عن الدور الجرثومي فيها A Bacteriological Study on Some North Iraqi Caves Environment And Detection on The Bacterial Role in It

اسم المؤلف: امنة غانم عمر العاني
اسم المشرف: جهاد ذياب محل الجنابي اميرة محمود محمد الراوي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة اجراء عدد من الفحوصات البيئية والبكتريولوجية على عينات الصخور ومياه النضح البالغ عددها 100 عينة والماخوذة من بعض كهوف المنطقة الشمالية في العراق التي شملت بهيري, شرانش, خنس, بجيل وانشكي للفترة ما بين تشرين الثاني - 2010 لغاية نيسان - 2011.ت | This study was included some of ecological and bacteriological tests on rocks and dripping water samples which were included 100 samples taken from some of north region caves in Iraq including Beherii, Sharanish, Khanas, Bejeel and Inishky from the period between November - 2010 to April - 2011.The results of ecological tests which represented with cave environment temperature were ranged from (13 - 24)?C and dripping water temperature were ranged from (11 - 20)?C while the results of pH values for the same sample shows simple variation between (7 - 8) for dripping water and (6 - 9) for the rocks samples. The results of geological screening and mineralization by using X - Ray Fluorescence and X - Ray - Diffraction showed that Beherii cave was mainly composed of manganese with 102 ppm comparing with other caves. While the concentration of iron and sulfur oxides were very low for all caves. The rocks of Beherii and Khanas caves were mainly composed of Dolomite (CaMg (CO3)2), Sharanish cave was composed of Calcite (CaCO3) and Dolomite with the closed ratio, while the rocks of Bejeel and Inishky were composed mainly of Calcite. The isolated bacteria in this study were identified according to cultural and morphological characteristics and biochemical tests, while the bacillus species were identified by using Microgen Bacillus Id System. Twenty two bacterial isolates were identified from total samples. There were nine (9)identified isolates from Beherii cave with 40.9% including Arthrobacter spp., Lysobacter spp., Caulobacter spp., Bacillus freudenreichii and Bacillus subtilis in with 4.5% for each isolate, while there was 18.1% of Methanogenic bacteria with its four genuses including Methanobacterium spp., Methanobrevibacter spp. Methanospirillium spp. and Methanosata spp. In Sharanish cave there was one isolate of sulfur oxidizing bacteria with 4.5 % from the total isolates. Three isolates were identified from Khanas cave included Pseudomonas spp., Xanthobacter spp., Clostridium spp. with 4.5% for each isolate. In addition, it was obtained from a cave Bejeel on six isolates included Bacillus lichiniformis, Bacillus lentus and 2 isolates of Bacillus cereus group, Streptomyces spp. and Gallionella spp. with 4.5% for each isolate and Merismopedia spp., Myxococcus Xanthus, Clostridium spp. were Isolated from Inishky cave with 4.5%for each isolate. The relation between some of bacterial species were studied by detection of the lytic ability of Lysobacter spp. and Myxococcus xanthus for Arthrobacter spp.The microbial role in caves were studied by detection of the ability of some isolated bacteria in Calcium Carbonate (calcite) formation and estimatation of calcite production, Xanthobacter spp. was the highest productive bacteria which gives0.2073 gram during 14 days comparing with other bacterial species.In addition, the effect of temperature and pH on calcite formation by Bacillus freudenreichii were studied, the results showed variation on calcite shape in 20?C and 30?C while the highest value of calcite production in pH.8 was 0.1336 gram comparing with pH.9 with 0.0190 calcite gram. The study also detected the ability of some isolated bacteria to oxidize of iron, manganese and sulfur, where Streptomyces spp. Gallionella spp. and one isolate of bacillus cereus group have shown the ability of oxidize iron on leptothrix medium while Bacillus freudenreichii, Bacillus lichinformis, Bacillus lentus, one isolate of Bacillus cereus group and Streptomyces spp. have shown the ability to the oxidize of manganese on Krumbein and Altmann Agar Medium. In addition, sulfur oxidizing bacteria has shown ability to oxidize sulfur on M.S. Agar and produce sulfuric acid as a product of the oxidation process.

دراسة انتاج صبغة البرودجيوسين من بكتريا Serratia marcescens المعزولة من مصادر سريرية وبيئية وتاثيرها في بعض الميكروبات المرضية Study of the Prodigiosin productivity from Serratia marcescens isolated from environmental and clinical sources and the effect on some pathogenic microbes

اسم المؤلف: فرزدق ناظم حربي البديري
اسم المشرف: مكرم ضياء جعفر شكارة صالح عبد الرضا الصالح البكري
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: الجامعة التكنولوجية
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The cotemporary world witnesses currently a rapid change due to the challenges imposed by the information technology in all scientific aspects.Hence, the scientific knowledge has become a prerequisite for each individual in this world. This led to a new view on education, in that it is no longer to be a process of providing information but it is a technique for a better learning.However, the main goal of education has shifted to focus on how to make the student to think appropriately and how to utilize the skills of the scientific thinking in order to motivate their thinking and understanding of knowledge as well as discovering the facts and relationships concerning the scientific phenomena aiming to form the generalities. The problem of the current research is mainly concerned with specifying the classical methods adopted in the Iraqi schools which do not match the contemporary scientific development. This research aims at utilizing the strategy of the strategy of forming generalizations according to Helda Taba Inductive Model as a teaching technique in order to identify its effect on : 1 - achievement in Biology.2 - the skills of the scientific thinking of the Fifth - Year female pupils.For sake of achieving the above two aims, two null hypotheses have been formed as follows : 1 - There are no statistically significant differences at level of significance of 0.05 between the mean scres of the female pupils (the experimental gronp), who have been taught according to the strategy of forming generalizations the strategy of forming generalizations, and the mean scores of those female pupils who have been twght classically in the achievnent test. 2 - there are no statistically siguificant differences at level of significance between the experiemental group, who have been taught according to the strategy of forming generalizations, and the mean scores of those female pupils who have been taught classically in the test of the scienhific thinting skills. In order to verify the above two hypotheses, the researcher has conducted an experiment which lasted for one whole academic semester.This experiment inluded : - The lesson plans. - The scientific thinking skills test (30 items). - An achievement test (60 items).The discrimination and difficulty power as well as the alternative action of the two test have been computed.Moreover, validity and reliability of the two tests have been secured. The reliability of the scientific thinking test has been found out to be (0.75) and the reliability of the achievcment test has been found out to be (0.92). This was done by using koder Richardson formula - 20. The researcher has prepared an experimental design, comprising two groups, the first one of which is called the experimental group which is to be taught according to the strategy of forming generalizations.While the second group is called the control one which is to be taught classically. The sample of the study covers (46) female pupils at the fifth - year secondany school (scienbific branch).The whole sample have been randomly distributed into two groups, the experimental one is of (24)pupils and the control one is of (22)pupils. The equalization between the testees in the variables of age, intelligence, exinformation, previous achivement in Biology and the scientific thinking skills has been conducted. The experiment group was conducted at the second academic semester (7weeks).The researcher himself had taught the two groups.The results obtained has been statistically analyzed by using two - indepenbent samples t - test.The results gained showed a better performance of the experimental group more than that of the control one in the scientific thinking and the achievement tests. In the light of the above results, the researcher reconmends the use of the strategy of forming generalizations in accordance to Helda Taba Inductive Model.Also, the researcher recommends to conduct other studies and research on other subjccts other than Biology on different school stages to find out the impact of the strategy of forming generalizations on thinking skills.
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