دراسة مظهرية وتشريحية مقارنة لانواع في اجناس معينة من العائلة المركبة Compositae (Asteraceae) في العراق == A Comparative Morphological And Anatomical Study of Species In Certain Genera From The Family Compositae (Asteraceae) In Iraq
Author name:
عمـر خليل جاسـم محمد العباسي
Supervisor name:
خليل ابراهيم عباس الشمري
General topic:
Biology
Specific topic:
Plant
Degree:
Master
University:
Tikrit University - College Of Science - Department Of Biology
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Salahaddin
First pages:
24T2816 - p.pdf
Abstract:
تناولت الدراسة الحالية, دراسة مظهرية وتشريحية مقارنة لـ(10) انواع تعود لـ(9) اجناس من العائلة المركبة Asteraceae (Compositae) في العراق, كما وتبعت الاجناس قيد الدراسة الى عشيرتين Tribes : العشيرة الاولى : (Cardueae), وقد ضمت الانواع : (Arctium tomentosum, Ca | The current study dealt with the morphological and anatomical aspect that compared the (10) Species that followed (9) genera, These Species followed the family Compositae (Asteraceae) in Iraq. It also divided the genera under study to two tribes. The first tribe : (Cardueae), It included the Species : (Arctium tomentosum, Carlina vulgaris, Chardinia orientales, Cnicus benedictus and Notobasis syriaca). The second tribe : (Lactuceae), It included the Species : (Geropogon glabrum, Geropogon hybridus, Hedypnois cretica, Koelpinia linearis and Urospermum pecroides). The morphological study involved the roots according to the characteristics, the form and dimensions (the length and the diameter), the study of the stem by the character, the color and the indumentums, also the dimension (the high and diameter) it resulted good characteristics, enabled us to use it in isolation of the types. It is also discussed the leaf on the based of the quantifier and qualifier that involved the form of the leaf and the form of the peak and the base, the character of the blade margin and the epidermis. The study also high lighted the dimension of the blade (the length and the width), The morphological characteristics of the leaves have given a great Taxonomical value rather than the root and the stem. It also mentioned in this study the Inflorescences in general : the form and the diameter of the receptacle, the dimension of the inflorescence (length and width), and the characteristics of the phyllaries, the study of Achenes, the length of the beak, the character of the filaments that connected by the peak of the beak. The proper morphological characters of the Inflorescences made the contrastive among the characteristics of the Inflorescence in unique type. This great advantage is useful in the classification of the species. The anatomical study contains the study of the dermal tissue system that belong to the types under study, specially the stem, the leaf. It make clear the differences among the characters of the epidermis cells for the stem and the leaf (the upper and lower epidermises), It tackled the study of the Stomata at the leaf and the stem, and measure of the frequency at these members. It also discussed the fundamental and vascular tissue system of the root, the stem and the leaf through the study of their characteristics of the transversal sector. It is also studied the vascular bundles according to the thickness of the regions belonged to the xylem and phloem; the number of the xylem arms in each bundle and the number of the vascular elements in one xylem arm. The study involves the system of the veins into the leaf blade or that called (Venation), and the thickness of the veins and its course, the behavior of the vein's ends and the method of its contact with the leaf margin. In addition, the study dealt with the method of the joining veins the secondary by the primary and the third veins by the secondary. Thus, the study make clear the considerable advantages that distinguish the types each other. It is observed the characteristics of the leaf's venation is a constant character that depends upon to classify the species. At end of the study, It is used the results of the morphological and anatomical characteristics in comparison of the two tribes; Cardueae and Lactuceae that the studied species followed.
