اسم المؤلف:
ماهر جواد كاظم الشمري
اسم المشرف:
عادل اسماعيل خليل العبود
المستخلص:
The oriental studies have been extended to include all the aspects of the eastern heritage in general and specifically the Islamic heritage . In these studies , the interest in the prophet 's life has been increased in an exaggerated way . Some of these studies were fair and agree with common opinions in the Islamic sources and some are not depending on the different oriental schools and according to opinions and beliefs of the orientalists. However , they used to use the weakest narrations in their writings to harm the prophet's character which was the subject for the studies of Muslims and orientalists. One of the most known orientalists in the twentieth century was the British Professor Montegmry Watt who devoted his life to study Islamic religion and the history of the prophet . He wrote about the prophet in his books ( Mohammed in Mecca , Mohammed in Al - Madina and Mohammed the prophet and the man of the country " the politician " ) . In this dissertation , these books have been studied , analyzed and compared with the Islamic sources . The dissertation has been divided into a preface , five chapters and the conclusion which included the findings of the study . The chapters are different in the number of pages according to the demands and the importance of each chapter . The first chapter which is entitled ( orientalism in historical glance ) has tackled the linguistic and terminological meanings of Orientalism , the stages of the development of orientalism and the reasons and aims behind it . It also gives a summary of the most known British orientalists , and their roles . Then it presents the life of Montegmry Watt from birth to death passing through his academic and ideological education in the church , the positions which he took up , his works , his way of writing about the prophet and the resources which he depended on . The second chapter is entitled (the prophet Mohammed's (P. B. U. H) Life before the Mission) . This chapter is devoted to study the prophet's life in an a chronological order and the opinions which Watt has presented , we agree with some of these opinions and disagree with others . The chapter started with the prophet's name and his honorable kinship . It tackles his birth , childhood , his work in trade , his marriage and his happy life with his wife Khadeeja ( piece be upon her ) who helped him before the mission and supported him after the mission . Then the chapter shows the role of the prophet in public life in spite of being young , when he took part in Al - Fujaar war , his presence in Hilf Al - Fudhul , presenting the solution to solve the dispute between the Qurashi people about raising the black stone and taking part in building Al - Ka'ba , the house of God . The third chapter sheds light on (the prophet Mohammed's (P.B.U.H) Summons in Mecca ) . The mission passed through two stages ; the secret stage and the public stage that witnessed the defeat of paganism and polytheism . The chapter starts with the stage when the prophet began to meditate in isolation in a cave called Hira and the opinions about the reasons behind that isolation . It also discusses the dispute whether the prophet Mohammed was ignorant or could read and write like other prophets . It also deals with the proof of the prophet's prophecy represented by the inspiration which Watt's deny . It also deals with specific verses ( ayyat )called satanic verses which Watt supports . The chapter presents the most important events that happened in Mecca like the apposition of Qureysh to the prophecy , the Muslim's migration to Al - Hebesha which Watt thinks that it took place for economic reasons , then the siege of the Muslims in the reef of Abi Talib . The siege ended by a miracle which God told the prophet about so that the idolaters believe in his prophecy . Watt ignores that miracle . Then the prophet's going to Al - Taef was an attempt to spread out the Islam beyond Mecca . Finally , the chapter ends up with the prophet's success in making an agreement between Al - Aws and Al - Khazraj in Yathrib which became the city of the prophet . The fourth chapter is entitled (the prophet Mohammed's (P.B.U.H) Summons in AL - Madina with Militarism and Political Sides) .This chapter is devoted to the transformational stage in Al - Madinah that starts by the Migration to Yathrib which became Al - Madinah Al - Munawara after the prophet's arrival . It witnessed the building of the honorable prophetic Mosque which was a distinctive sigh for the appearance of the Islamic cities , followed by writing the document which was the constitutional law that regulates the life of people in Al - Madinah and determines the relationship between the Muslims and other people in Al - Madinah , the Muslims themselves with each other , and the relation between the prophet and the Jews ( Bani Qureytha , Bani Al - Nadhir and Bani Qeynuqaa ) .To spread out the Islam , the prophet contacted the Arabic tribes in the Arabian Peninsula . Watt claims that the prophet contacted the tribes only in the northern part of the Arabian Peninsula . The prophet has also sent messengers to kings to inform them about the new religion . When the Islam has become a great religious and political power in the Arabian Peninsula , delegations came to announce their Islam . This made Watt raise doubts about the prophet ad minimize his role . Then he draw the picture of the prophet as a raider and he mixed the Arabian raids with Al - Jihad in the Islam . The fifth chapter ( The Prophet Mohammed's (P.B.U.H) Summons in AL - Madina with Sociality and Legislative Sides ) is specified to the works of the prophet in Al - Madinah . It starts with the fraternity between the supporters and migrants to help the migrants and lessen their feelings of bitterness of being away from home . In regard to the prophet's marriages , Watt explained them in terms of only one impetus and that is the political impetus . He tried to describe the prophet as a politician who cares for nothing except fulfilling his political ambitions . In fact , Watt ignored all the other impetus for the prophet marriages like the social , religious and social impetus . As for the last period of the prophet's life , Watt ignored a lot of its aspects in spite of its importance . Moreover , he ignored a lot of the prophet's innate peculiarities ,and raised doubts about the Qur'an and its collection and regards it as the creation of the Prophet Mohammed . The study has arrived at many conclusions like Watt's denial of the inspiration and regarding it as a kind of super consciousness , raising doubts about the Qur'an and saying that it was created by the prophet for some periodical demands , Claiming that the prophet has taken a lot from previous religions : Judaism and Christianity , saying that the prophet has a political impetus for his multi - marriages and accusing the prophet of taking Al - Jihad for the sake of God as a way to earn financial benefits and to spread beyond the Arabian Peninsula
اسم المؤلف:
سوزان صباح عبد الامير الجعفر
اسم المشرف:
راضي عبد الله علي
المستخلص:
Purpose : To detection the relationship between lean maintenance methodologies, and reduce waste in maintenance and production processes as a mediator variable, and improve operational performance.Design / Methodology / Approach : Questionnaire was developed to ensure existence of the relationship between the variables of the study, and depending on the random sample, were distributed to 73 questionnaire on administrators and Technicians in Alfayhaa company of ready construction, and analyzed by a program (AMOS v.21 and SPSS v.21 ), In addition to the use of a set of quantitative measures as (The Overall Equipment Effectiveness, Waste Ratios, Cost, Quality, and Productivity), for data processing quantified by employing them in a computer program designed based on Microsoft Excel. 2010, and analysis of results.Findings : Showed a knowledge gap is concerned with determining the nature of the relationship between the lean maintenance methodologies, and reduce waste in maintenance and production processes, and improve operational performance, results showed that the company in the year (2012) had a maintenance system is not at the required level, compared with the year (2013), which introduced some improvements to the maintenance system, thus reducing waste in maintenance and production processes by certain percentages, and reflections on improving operational performance, as well as been confirmed the existence of a statistical relationship between the three variables, so the company needs to develop maintenance activities and the implementation of the three methodologies, to achieve the maximum benefit maintenance of resources, and the continued improvement of the level of operational performance. Limitations of Study : The difficulty of identifying the company field of study, there were some complications in providing quantitative data from the reality of Records as the company considers this data can affect its competitive position in the market.Practical Implications : You can benefit from the findings of the study, that the interest in improving maintenance practices at the company has reduced waste ratios, which is reflected in improved operational performance of the company, so the increased interest in this area will increase the company's chances of achieving its goals and objectives.Originality / Value : The study was to bridge the gap in the lack of an Arab or foreign study looked at the relationship between the variables of the study in one hypothetical model, and how important this relationship is to improve the operational performance of the company.Key Words : Lean Manufacturing, Lean Maintenance, Autonomous Maintenance, and Basic Maintenance Procedures 5S, The Overall Equipment Effectiveness (OEE), Waste, Operational Performance, Cost, Quality, and Productivity.
اسم المؤلف:
وسام بدر كاظم
اسم المشرف:
هادي عبد الوهاب عبد الامام
المستخلص:
The study focused on knowing " the Impact information technology on decision - making By role Both of The mediator variables are organizational structure and organizational communications " Has tried to show part of a comprehensive theoretical review in which the views of researchers, specialists and those interested ideas, for the purpose of adopting the ideas most sedate to be a scientific reference for this study provides a clear concept able to communicate ideas related variables four study, especially as the independent variable (IT) of a number of dimensions (components material, software, data, network, human resources), and changing the mediator (organizational structure) dimensions (official, central, complex), and finally, the two variables followers, the first (decision - making) dimensions (of tasks and responsibilities, logical, social, political), The second variable is represented by (Organizational Communication) four dimensions (the official books, e - mail, meetings, internal network. The study was conducted in a number of ministries and of the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, the Ministry of Planning, the Ministry of Finance, Ministry of Education, and finally, the Ministry of Housing and Construction. The study questionnaire as an essential tool for data collection in the practical side, having been Poll 160 employees in the previous ministries mentioned, and after excluding the damaged ones, the number of valid questionnaires for analysis of 131 questionnaire, as well as personal interviews, has been the normal distribution of the test data, and the analysis and description and diagnosis The study variables and test correlations and identify the direct and indirect effects among variables of the study.The study set of conclusions, including : • to the organizational structures of the ministries under the search response to information technology within their organizational structures, as well as shown by the indicators of the impact of information technology on the dimensions of the organizational structure, which in turn indirectly affect other axes.• The results showed a relationship between information technology and decision - making dimensions, where with the use of information technology enables managers to give a more accurate decisions and speed.• The results showed the existence of the relationship between information technology dimensions and contact the organization, where information technology to increase the volume of information transmitted and the possibility of disseminated to the widest ranges and time is very short, and included the delivery of instructions and procedures among the ministry's headquarters and departments affiliated scattered geographically to all provinces
