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تصميم وتقنين اختبارات لبعض القدرات البدنية والحركية لطلاب المدارس الثانوية في بغداد باعمار (13ـ 18) سنة == Generalizing And Standardizing Tests of Some Physical And Motor Abilities For High School In Baghdad of The Ages (13 - 18) Years

Author name: مثال ناجي فالح الشبلي
Supervisor name: ايمان حسين علي الطائي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف البحث الى اجراء مسح شامل لاختبارات اللياقة البدنية للتعرف على مدى صلاحيتها من اجل تصميم او تعديل البعض منها مع تقنين واستـــحداث المعايــير المناسبة لــها للاعمار (13 ـ18 ) سنه بوصفها جزءا من متطلبات عملية التقويم.ومن اجل تحقيق هذه الاهداف تم تحدي | The importance of the study lies in conducting a fill range scan for physical fitness tests to identify their validity as well as designing or adjusting some of them to find their criteria for students of the ages 13 - 18 years.The researcher used the experimental method. The subjects were (1296) students from all schools in the second Resafa and Khurkh districts. The tests were conducted according to a questionnaire applied on experts in this field. Twelve physical tests were selected. The data was treated using proper statistical methods like LSD to identify individual significances. The researcher concluded the following : 1. designing physical fitness tests for students of the ages 13 - 18 years old involved conducting many tests like wide jump to test the explosive power of the legs, throwing medicine ball from standing position to test the explosive power of the arms, throwing a medicine ball from seated position to tests the explosive power of the arms, throwing medicine ball with one hand to test the explosive power of one arm, lifting the legs high from lay position to tests strength defined by speed of the legs, push ups to test the strength defined by speed of the arms. 2. Standardizing the tests of this study for students of the ages 13 - 18 years oldFinally the researcher recommended using the following tests to evaluate students of the ages 13 - 18 years as well as renewing these criteria every 4 - 5 years to suit the changing developments in this field

تاثير استخدام اللعب التنافسي والتعاوني والحر في الحد من فرط الحركة وتشتت الانتباه للتلاميذ بعمر (7 - 8) سنوات == The Effect of Competitive Play And Free Cooperative To The Reduction of Hyperactivity And Attention Deficit For The Pupils Aged (7 - 8) Years

Author name: لبنى قتيبة محمد الربيعي
Supervisor name: طارق نزار الطالب
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اشتملت الرسالة على خمسة ابواب وكالاتي : في الباب الاول من خلال عمل الباحثة في مجال تدريس الاطفال مدة طويلة ومن خلال الاطلاع على اراء اولياء الامور والمعلمات وبعض المصادر لاحظت انتشار حالة فرط الحركة وتشتت الانتباه لدى الاطفال الذي قد يعود الى اختلاف المست | The study Included five - chapters as follows : Chapter One : Through the work of a researcher in the field of teaching children for long period of the work and through interview of parents and teachers and some sources she observed spread of hyperactivity and attention deficit in children and that could be due to the different level of living and the different acceptance of the child's parent to accept children with hyperactivity and a little attention, what we took this in unnatural degree of hyperactivity and weak somewhat in their little attention were in the period of their lives in home or school, are present in more than one place and this point is very important in the diagnosis, and as distinguish them from other mental disorders. The importance of research was to determine the hyperactive sample of children at the beginning of school age and to study the effect of play on student desire in school because this give students as well as the recreational activity and to conduct good curriculum using play to determine its effects on them and control the state of hyperactivity and attention deficit they have, the researcher has attempted to clarify the effect and the usefulness of this study and importance of play and its future dimensions on child , family ,school and the community. Researcher intended through this study to find the answer of the following questions : - 1 - Are there children with hyperactivity and attention deficit?2 - Does play effect hyperactivity and attention deficit in children in our research sample? It is a great interest to tack care of this problem in children, with the proportion of spread between (3% - 7%) of all children in primary school as well as the consequences of this negative disorder of rejection from the family and environment and the un - acceptance of these children, which increases the severity of the problem and its evolution. The aims of the researcher during this study were : 1 - To identify children who had hyperactivity and attention deficit for the children.2 - Prepare program for play using the competitive play and free cooperative.3 - Understand the effect of competitive play and free to the reduction cooperative for research children's sample.The hypotheses were : 1 - There is a large proportion of children sample with the competitive play and free cooperative.2 - There are significant differences between competitive play and free to the Reduction cooperative used on hyperactivity and attention deficit in children sample.3 - There was a significant difference the competitive play and free to the Reduction cooperative on hyperactivity and attention deficit in children sample and for competitive play.The researcher used in chapter three survey methods for the purpose to choose the sample through designed special questionnaire, which chosen the sample in purpose from second grade they are most numerous in the school as well as the fact they represent the research community better than the first grade and third grade. The researcher used a hyperactivity and questionnaire to conduct the experiment and NONPARAMETRIC statistical methods were used to test results a according to experts opinion..Part IV : viewing the results, analyzed and discussed : In this section have been displaying the results and analysis and discussed them, which included what the researcher found, which namely the effect ranges for the three types of play that used in this study and percent of evolution that took place in the sample.The researcher reached a set of conclusions, including that different kinds of play did effect hyperactivity disorder and attention deficit, to compare varying the type with each other, and the researcher recommended the need to diagnose children with hyperactivity disorder, and attention deficit at an early age for the purpose of starting treat them.

تاثير تمرينات بمقاومات واوزان مختلفة داخل الماء في تحسين المدى الحركي والقوة العضلية لمفصل الكاحل بعد اصابته بالالتواء == The Impact of Different Weights Exercises With Resistors Weights Within Different Water In Improving The Kinesthetic Muscle Strength of Detailed Ankle Sprain After Being Injured

Author name: هند علي ثابت
Supervisor name: سعاد عبد حسين الساعدي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت الرسالة على خمس ابواب هي : - الباب الاول : - التعريف بالبحث اشتمل على مقدمة البحث واهميته والتي بينت ان معدلات الاصابات الرياضية والمضاعفات الناتجة عنها ارتفعت رغم التطورات التي شملت اغلب جوانب الحياة، وفي جميع المجالات، ولاسيما العلاج الطبيعي لذا | The research included five sections : The research contained in the definition of research, where the researcher where provided and the importance of research, where lies the importance of research which indicated rates of sports injuries and complications resulting from the Rose, despite the developments included most aspects of life in all areas.in particular, natural treatment, therefore, the need arose to find means of modern new methods to deal with injuries, faster.It is therefore a problem with research in need for the preparation of an integrated approach of rehabilitative exercises repetitions of different resistors feature different weights, whether or resistances within water, commensurate and injury.The study aimed to prepare exercises with resistors weights within different water. As well as the effect of different weights and exercise with resistors inside water in improving long - activist muscle strength After Ankle Sprain injury The assumption of research included significant differences between statistical tests fingerprinting are in force and the extent to kinesthetic muscle ankle injury after ankle sprain and in favor of twisting dimensional. The researcher used the curriculum design pilot group Night and conducted research on a sample of (6) was selected as the deliberate.The numerical researcher of theoretical studies such as sports medicine , head of the Physiology,bayumechanics , sports training, autopsy , to develop a curriculum qualification In the light of the scientific foundations have been the approach used in the center exercise water researcher used as means to address appropriate statistical data obtained from the tests stratigraphic measurements, To access all the difference between tests stratigraphic measurements and to obtain the final results to search.After the processing of the data obtained statistically, the researcher to a number of conclusions, the most important being : The rehabilitation exercise used by members of a sample search that enrich the positive development of muscular strength in working on detailed ankle, As well as rehabilitation exercises weights used different resistances within water have affected positively the pain resulting from injury.It also recommended that a researcher several recommendations of the most important of which is the adoption of the vocational curriculum prepared by researcher to focus physiotherapy and rehabilitation exercises within various water injury.

تاثير تدريبات المطاط في تطوير تحمل اداء العمل العضلي الثابت ودقة التصويب لدى راميات القوس والسهم لمسافة 70 م == The Affect of Rubber Training On The Promotion of Stable Muscular Achievement And Toleration And Perfect Shot of The Archery And Arrow Players 70 M

Author name: فرح علاء جعفر
Supervisor name: اسماء حميد كمبش
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Fitness
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تضمن البحث جانب تطوير تحمل الاداء العمل العضلي الثابت ودقة التصويب وذلك باعداد منهاج تدريبي باستخدام تدريبات المطاط وتاثيره في تحمل اداء العمل العضلي الثابت ودقة التصويب لدى راميات القوس والسهم للمسافات الطويلة.وهدفت الدراسة الى : - اعداد منهج لتدريبات | The study concentrated on the stable mascaler performance to laration , and the excellent shooting by prepare training program me using rubber eraning and its affect on the toleration of mascalar fixed work and the perfect shot of the national team of the archery and arrow long distances.The study aimed to know how the rubber practices arpect on mascalar performance promation and how it adyust the shot of long distances players.Be introduced to the differences let ween the protets and post test of the experimental group in the bearing performance of the stable mascular tetst.Knowing the difference between the justified group and the expermertel in the bearing performance test of the stable mascular work, and the excellent shooting of the long distance archery arrow players.The study speculation included the rubber training has apossitive affeclon the mascular bearing performance and shooting of the the players of the long distance archery and arrow shooters.Theres asignificance differences tetween the per test and after training tets for the experimental group ,and the justified one - and for the telnal of after tets.The scholar nelwed on anumber of theoretied studies of in archery and arrow game it is the devices used in this game and the technical aspects , the fied specification , shooting progam or the competition of the play ,reach the approach of tolercetion , the sutdivision of tolevation the fixed mascular to leration , exact sight importance and the rubber device , also concentrated on similar ,the scholar mentioned three studies ,depending them as astandrd of her work.what is exist in second section. The scholar used the experimental method by design the groups "the perfecter and the experimental of the befor test the sample consist of 12 players ,represent asample of the national team of archery and arrow for the long distances.thus it began to excute the training program me on the 21 / 2 / 2010 till16 / 5 / 2010 the scholces used the statistical devices to treat the attained resulted dataes for the per and post or after ward test of the changes.After curing all abtaned informations statistically the scholar concluded that the experimental program me by using the rubber training was effective in promoting the fixed masculer toleration and shot perfectance of distances archery and arrow players.The obtained development in the perfect group was not as the some promotion of the experimeuted group ,this means that exercises by using rubber was more beneficial than other classical training method.The rubber training showed positive activity and improvement in the fixed muscular toleration and in shooting perfectance of the experimentel group after test.The scholar advised the Iraq, federation of archery and arrow to use rubber training.for it proved its affest positively applying similar studies by using rubber on other sports activities and work to creade new training devices not only in the field of archery and arrow in all other athletics aspcts in order to rais up the sport is level to the best in our country.

تاثير منهج تاهيلي بعد عملية تبديل مفصل الورك في قوة العضلات العاملة وبعض القابليات الحركية للنساء == The Effect of Rehabilitation Programe Following Hip Joint Arthroplasty On Working Muscle Strength & Some Motor Abilities In Women

Author name: سهاد ابراهيم حمدان
Supervisor name: مظفر عبد الله شفيق | سعاد عبد حسين
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تم التطرق الى اهمية البرامج التاهيلية بعد عمليات تبديل مفاصل الجسم، ولاسيما ( تبديل مفصل الورك ) بوصفه من المفاصل الرئيسه في جسم الانسان، ويعتمد عليه في موازنة جسم الانسان، لانه من المفاصل التي تحمل جزءا كبيرا من وزن الجسم ولتعدد اغراض البرامج التاهيلي | Overseers : a. Prof. Dr. Suad Abdel - Hussein, and consultant Dr. Muthafar Abdullah ShafiqThe study consists of five chapters - Chapter One : Definition search : Introduction and importance of the research : Touched on the importance of rehabilitation programs after operations toggle joints of the body, especially the (total Hip Arthroplasty) as one of the major joints in the human body depends upon the budget of the human body, as well as one of the joints that hold a large part of the weight of the body and the multiplicity of the purposes of rehabilitation programs have not been confined to athletes only, but beyond that to the needs of human society. And Mottagdeddat life Noting an increase in the incidence of hip fractures, especially for an important segment of society which are women aged (40 - 50 years).Here lies the importance of research in the expansion of the conduct of joint replacement hip so as to provide medical techniques underlying the principle of hip joint replacement in terms of the materials that make them joints in the case of hip any femur head fracture and therefore attracted attention on how to provide the conditions appropriate remedial to the success of the process of joint replacement hip, which includes the preparation for the operation and rehabilitation programs that follow the process to get to the desired success in such cases and the patients have to avoid complications that may occur after the operation and raise the levels of success in terms of the ability to move and remove the pain. - The Research problem Reached by the two main axes includes the first axis problems to cause a change in the anatomical hip implant a foreign body inside the body may be accepted by the patient's order is not easy, both biological and psychological and most influential fear the patient from moving the joint because of the need to adapt to this change which occurred on the important part of the body parts.The second axis begins after surgery, a patient receives instructions by the surgeon and physiotherapist in charge of the rehabilitation of the patient, and these instructions are simple and lacks rehabilitative exercises on the status of total Hip Arthroplasty. And that must be characterized by diversity and gradient and organization to suit this process to the advantage of their seriousness, due to the depth of the hip joint and the large soft tissue that surrounds it. Therefore, the researcher is seeking to solve this problem faced by patients after hip implants by placing an appropriate rehabilitation program to improve the status of the patient's physiological, psychological, and for the return of the individual to exercise his natural life. - The aims of the research included the following : 1 - Preparation of a rehabilitation approach to improve the range of motion and muscle strength of the hip joint after joint replacement hip.2 - Understand the impact of the qualifying program to improve the range of motion and muscle strength and some motor abilities after conducting the process of switching the hip joint. - The Research hypothe : 1 - There are significant differences between pre and post tests in the research variables. - The research fields : 1 - The human sphere : a sample of women who have undergone the process total Hip arthroplasty (10) patients.2 - Duration of research : Rehabilitation Center and physical therapy at the Medical City Hospital and Mlhaktha.3 - Place sphere : the duration of the 05/28/2013 until 16/02/2014. - Chapter Two : Previous theoretical studies : Researcher addressed in this section as it touched on several topics to the side of the anatomical and functional for hip fractures and intra - articular and muscular strength and the importance of rehabilitation and physical therapy and therapeutic exercise and the process total Hip Arthroplasty and complications and dangerous process of total Hip Arthroplasty. - Previous studies : For the researcher through the thesis and messages of Physical Education did not find any similar studies of the current study. - Chapter Three Research methodology and procedures of field : The researcher used the experimental method to design experimental pre and post tests to one group and choose appointed deliberate way of women who have undergone the process of total Hip Arthroplasty joint in Medical City Hospital and of their number are (10) patients.It also touched a researcher at the door to the equipment and tools and Allosa?l used in the research and steps to implement the experiment, which included : - Do An exploratory experiment. - Do Tribal testing. - Building approach qualifying - and apply it to members of the research sample. - Conduct a posteriori tests. - Collect and process data statistically. - Chapter Four : Results, analysis and discussion : Researcher addressed in this section of the presentation and discussion of the results, as well as display the results in tables and are discussed and reinforced forms of graphical presentation of scientific and in the light of what has been achieved to impose search. - Chapter Five : Conclusions and recommendations - Conclusions : Researcher reached several conclusions was the most important : 1 - Showed differences in the tests before and after the sample and for the post - test in all the tests under discussion, which shows that the qualifying program was moving toward improving these indicators.2 - That the practice of physical activity through the qualifying program proposal helped to return parts of the body involved in the hip joint and to perform physical functions normally for patients, improving their abilities and psychomotor speed healing. - Recommendations : Researcher recommended several recommendations including : 1 - Qualifying prepared to adopt the curriculum in all treatment and rehabilitation centers and hospitals of the government by distributing pamphlets models include rehabilitation units for patients who undergo hip joint switching operations.2 - The need to use modern equipment and advanced in the measurement of physical tests related to rehabilitation after surgeries.3 - Urged the media and unforeseen print and audio to work on highlighting the scientific truth which refers to the importance of rehabilitation programs and therapeutic exercises after performing the surgery was for the rehabilitation of patients to return to their normal lives.

استخدام تمرينات (الايروبكس - الزومبا - الايروزومبا) واثرها في بعض المتغيرات الانثروبومترية والبدنية والوظيفية للنساء بعمر (18 - 20) سنة == The Use of Exercises (Aerobics - Alzumba - Alaeruszmba) And Its Impact On Some Anthropometric Variables, Physical And Functional For Women Aged 18 - 20 Years

Author name: ريم نهال صاحب
Supervisor name: اسراء فؤاد الويس
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Fitness
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: احتوت الرسالة على خمسة ابواب : تناول الباب الاول : مقدمة البحث واهميته هناك العديد من الانشطة الرياضية تساعد المراة على رفع لياقتها البدنية والصحية والتخلص من الضغوطات العصبية كممارسة الايروبكس والزومبا وهي من احدث الانشطة الرياضية واسرعها انتشارا بين البل | The message contained five sections : Part One : Introduction to the research and its importance There are many sports activities help women raise her fit the physical, health and disposal of nerve pressure as a practice aerobics and Alzumba one of the newest sports activities and fastest prevalent among countries where conducive to the sound of music and fast rhythm will be attracted people to practice a lot because of the intense pleasure and the elimination of depression. Faqamt researcher using my technique and aerobic Alzumba and collected two modes in a new way, a Aleirozumba exercises and learn about the impact of two approaches and the new style in some anthropometric and physical and functional indicators for women aged 18 - 20 years from here lies the importance of research.The problem Search : to find a solution for women in order to maintain a healthy heart and respiratory league, through the organization of a new training method that combines aerobics and Alzumba exercises (Aleirozumba) so that they are low impact, medium and high intensity with a choice of suitable music with the performance and see the effect of this method in addressing the thickness of skin folds and the proportion of grease and some functional variables and determine the effect of each method and which is better utilized.The purpose of the researcher to : - The use of exercises (aerobics - Alzumba - Alaeruszmba) and the impact of this exercise in some anthropometric and physical and functional indicators for women aged (18 - 20 years).The research hypotheses : - No statistically significant differences between pre and post tests in some anthropometric and physical and functional indicators as a result of the use of aerobics and Alzumba and Alaeruszmba to search the three groups. - No statistically significant differences between the post tests of some anthropometric and physical and functional indicatorsThe areas of research : The human sphere : Students of Fine Arts Institute of the Performing Arts Department Girls between the ages of 18 - 20 years.Temporal area : Duration of 01/25/2015 m until 05/07/2015 m.Spatial field : Hall super good at the Fine Arts Institute for Girls.Part II : This section contains the theoretical studies and similar research on the subject.Part III : The researcher used the experimental method to design the three experimental groups, was chosen as the sample neo - induced for the students of Fine Arts for Girls Institute of Performing Arts aged 18 - 20 years, the number of respondents reached (22) Student, application experiment took 12 weeks, three training units per week, bringing the number of units (36) and training module for each method, and included this door hardware and utilities and steps to execute search of the selection and identification of physical measurements and tests reconnaissance, and measurements used search, statistical and means by which the researcher use.Part IV : The researcher presented the results analyzed and discussed reached researcher from which to find significant differences, and that viewing on a form of tables and analysis of those tables and discussed enhanced scientific sources.The researcher concluded : 1 - research methods positively influenced the development of the thickness of skin folds and motor abilities and physiological variables.2 - The results of the exercises Aleirozumba have an advantage in the development of motor eager variables, agility, pulse rate at rest, O2 saturation of blood, BMR rate.The researcher recommended : 1 - Use Alaeruszmba program in the fitness centers, used by some of the disciplines in the Games in the sports field.2 - The use of the three research methods designed by the researcher in the fitness centers to get positive results and maintain a desirable body weight.

ادارة الوقت والذكاء الشعوري لدى اعضاء الهيئات الادارية في الاتحاد المركزي للسباحة وفروعه في العراق وعلاقتهما بكفاية الاداء == Time Management And Emotional Intelligence of The Members of The Governing Bodies In Central Swimming Federation And Its Branches In Iraq And Their Relationship Enough Performance

Author name: اسماء حسون مشكور
Supervisor name: عايدة علي حسين البياتي | مواهب حميد الجبوري
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اشتمل على مقدمة البحث واهميته في ان ادارة الاتحادات الرياضية لا تقل شانا عن ادارة المؤسسات الحكومية وتتحدد بمتطلبات عدة، واصبح من الضروري الاهتمام بتحسين مهارات وقدرات اعضاء هيئاتها الادارية بدراسات علمية، وتكمن اهمية البحث في السعي لتحقيق اهداف العلم | It included the introduction of research and its importance in the sports federations management not less important than government institutions management determined several requirements, and it has become necessary to focus on improving the skills and abilities of members of the administrative bodies, scientific studies, and is the importance of research in the quest to achieve the objectives of the flag, which stand on the scientific diagnosis of the level of both Intelligence emotional, time management and the adequacy of the performance of the members of the administrative bodies in Central Swimming Federation and its branches in Iraq and the relationship between them, and the problem of the research was to follow through researcher to work unions and continuous monitoring, especially Swimming Federation in Iraq observed variation in the level of performance and commitment of its staff careers and training in the implementation of what It requires them through the role assigned to each member of the governing body role, especially since the successful management are that create the right conditions to enable the energies of cadres working and benefiting from this institution.The Aims of the research were : 1 Identify the management level at the time members of the administrative bodies of the Federation of Central swimming and its branches in Iraq.2 to identify the level of emotional intelligence of the members of the administrative bodies of the Federation of Central swimming and its branches in Iraq.3 to identify the adequacy of the level of performance of the members of the administrative bodies of the Federation of Central swimming and its branches in Iraq.4. identify the relationship of time management and emotional intelligence enough performance for members of the administrative bodies of the Federation of Central swimming and its branches in Iraq. The limits of research : it has been the human domain : members of the administrative bodies of the Federation of Central swimming and its branches in Iraq (Central Union, the unions - Sub), and field schedule : Duration period from 11/25/2015 until 01/11/2015, and the spatial domain : the headquarters of the Olympic Committee Iraqi national, and the headquarters of the Central Union of Swimming, and the headquarters of unions in sub provinces except Kurdistan region of Iraq. In Part II researcher dealt with the theoretical framework of the topics relevant research topics, and previous studies associated with it. In Part III researcher descriptive approach was used in a manner standard questionnaire relations on a sample of members of the administrative bodies of the Federation of Central swimming and its branches in Iraq's (52) by (100%) of the original community, it has been divided according to the study requirements to three samples (sample statistical analysis of the three measures The sample reconnaissance, and sample key to the application of the three scales, were identified three variables of the study and standards were conducted amendment to this Almqayeyis according steps were adopted scientific basis in a systematic fashion the foundations of scientific and transactions included in sequence to be suitable for the phenomenon being studied and appropriate target sample, were experimenting with these three standards to be finalized , and then applied to the main sample and used by the researcher statistical Pouch social system (SPSS) version (V21), (statistical package for social sciences) was automatically recalculated each of the percentage values, and the arithmetic mean, standard error of the mean, standard deviation, and the mediator, and vein, and the coefficient of simple correlation (person), and the coefficient of correlation Spearman Brown, and equation (KR - 21), and equation (Alpha Crunbach), standard error of the transaction correlation, and the coefficient of convolution (person), and test (t - test) of the samples is correlated, were identified the levels of the results of measurements compared with the central premise of each measure.Part IV has been the Results graphic forms, tables and detailed scale and dimensions for each of its paragraphs and then check my thesis research.The conclusions in Part V were : 1. The three study measures (time management) and (emotional intelligence) and (adequacy performance) suitable for measurement of time management and emotional intelligence and the adequacy of the performance heads and members of the Central Swimming Federation and its branches in Iraq.2. The heads and members of the Central Swimming Federation and its branches in Iraq need to manage and organize their time and administrative work in the unions.3. that the level of emotional intelligence to the heads and members of the Central Swimming Federation and its branches in Iraq was not required in the administrative work in the unions level.4. The adequacy of the performance level needed to develop the heads and members of the Central Swimming Federation and its branches in Iraq.5. The time management is a positive relationship to improve the adequacy of the performance at the heads and members of the Central Swimming Federation and its branches in Iraq.6. The positive emotional IQ is linked to improving the adequacy of the performance at the heads and members of the Central Swimming Federation and its branches in Iraq.

تاثير تمرينات القوة الخاصة واستعمال نوابض الارتداد في القدرات البدنية والاداء الفني وانجاز ركض 100م حواجز للطالبات == The Effect of Strength Training For The Use of Rebound Springs In The Physical And Technical Performance And Completion Ran The 100 Meter Hurdles For Students

Author name: زينب قحطان عبد المحسن الهاشمي
Supervisor name: فاطمة عبد مالح | اسيل جليل كاطع
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Fitness
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ويعد علم التدريب الرياضي الحديث عملية تربوية علمية مبنية على اسس صحيحة هدفها وصول اللاعبين الى التكامل في الاداء الفني وهذا يتم عن طريق التاثير المنظم والدقيق بواسطة استعمال التمارين البدنية التي تحدث تغيرات خاصة في عمل اعضاء واجهزه جسم الرياضي والتي بدور | During the modern era the world has witnessed in the various fields of industrial, economic, scientific and technical life, which reflected positively on the evolution and development of the field of sports events and sports in various countries around the world and contributed to the advancement of science, including the science of sports training. Sports training science is modern educational process scientific built on the basis of incorrect goal access players to the integration of the technical performance and this is done through systematic influence and flour by the use of physical exercises that occur, especially in the work of the members of the changes and devices athletic body, which in turn lead to higher organs and systems efficiently to achieve high sports achievements.The Athletics, Vtad Bride Olympics where excitement and fun and competition, and the 100m hurdles, which is one of the activities of athletics that require effort to Aigv only learn the technical aspects but also to other things related to aspects of physical and kinetic her. These effectiveness need to force special (Guo Ultimate fast, Guo explosive, carrying power), which plays an important role in athletics, especially in the working muscles in the legs, specifically in the effectiveness of the barriers. I've used a researcher educational and training tool for the development of muscle strength, which is special to the effectiveness of the physical abilities ran the 100 meter hurdles for women. The importance of research manufactures springs bounce a means educational and training statement impact on the physical and technical performance in the effectiveness ran the 100 meter hurdles. After fleshed using strength training special with the addition of light weights lower limbs. Research problem by observing the researcher being teaching for students second phase that most students to have weakness in the physical side of any lack of ownership of the physical capabilities that them reaching to pass the barriers as one of the events that require the type of physical and skill integration as well as the lack of use of teaching aids and training utilities to achieve the goal Alaoho required learning and then the evolution of technical performance and then achievement. Vtalebatt find it difficult to pass the barrier and not Amkanethen so. Where they feel hesitant of their inability to fall or passing moment passing. Where they learn how to pass the barrier and there are students from the difficulty in this and there fail in passing, and even students who improves passing may be a barrier or two or number of little to no continuing to pass the rest of the other ten barriers or completed in a good and timely passing without to obtain the optimum result. This felt researcher preparation and learning medium courses in that one Alo'hai springs recoil and hiring a private exercises and weights Additional lower limbs that work first towards the development of physical strength (strength, explosiveness, distinctive strength quickly, carrying power) of the two men when passing through the checkpoint, was used bearing strength as an aid strength training in the performance of the explosive characteristic speed and strength in the curriculum through many iterations in her delay the onset of signs of fatigue and thus to know if there impact in improving physical and technical performance and achievement for this event. From this point of this study was to afflict knowing all the true dimensions of this issue and be aware of. Research goals : 1 - Manufacturing springs recoil device. 2. Prepare strength exercises using the recoil springs 3. Identify the effect of strength training for the use of rebound springs in the physical and technical performance and achievement ran the 100 meter hurdles for students. 4. Identify the effect of strength training for the use of rebound springs and weights Hvifa in Aladaoualibdna and technical completion ran the 100m hurdles for students. 5. Identify the fur khat between the post tests to search the three groups in the physical and technical performance and the completion ran the 100m hurdles for students. Presumably Search : 1 There are significant Specialist between tribal and dimensional tests of strength for the physical and technical performance and achievement differences ran 100 - meter hurdles at the totals for the same search. There are two significant differences between the three groups in the a posteriori tests of strength and performance for physical and technical achievement differences ran 100 meter hurdles. Researcher used the experimental method and the sample students phase two in the Faculty of Physical Education for Girls / University of Baghdad and of their number (21) students, divided into three groups two experimental and control group the number of each group was (7) students first experimental kit is applied to force the special exercises and weights the two men and the use of springs recoil device second experimental group applied strength training for the use of only recoil springs device either the control group have been applied exercises for just continued training program (23) week carried out by (2) units per week, and the time period for the implementation of the exercises (50) minutes using Albulayomterc style way of training pulsation. After a tribal tests and post test results were presented and analyzed and discussed by addressing Alianat statistical system spss. Through these results researcher found to conclusions as follows : 1 - influenced own strength training with weights and use a positive rebound in physical and technical performance and achievement of the effectiveness of springs ran the 100m hurdles at the experimental research sample first. 2 - influenced exercises using positive recoil springs in the physical and technical performance and achievement of the effectiveness ran the 100 meter hurdles at the experimental research sample II. 3 - influenced own strength training in a positive physical and technical performance and achievement of the effectiveness ran the 100 meter hurdles at the control sample. 4 - the first experimental group achieved a positive development in the physical and technical performance and achievement better than the second experimental group and control group

تاثير الاسلوب الهرمي المتعاكس على تطوير القوة الانفجارية والمميزة بالسرعة ودقة اداء بعض المهارات الهجومية بالتنس لدى لاعبي الشباب == The Effect of The Invented Hierarchy Style In The Evolution of The Explosive Power And Outstanding Speed And Accuracy Performance of Some Offensive Skills With Young Players In Tennis

Author name: انعام عبد الرضا علي
Supervisor name: نوال مهدي العبيدي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Fitness
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تطرقت الباحثة في مقدمة البحث واهميته الى اهم القدرات البدنية في لعبة التنس وهي القوة الانفجارية والمميزة بالسرعة والتي تلعب دورا بارزا واساسيا في اداء مهاراتها، اذ يحتاج لاعب التنس الى تطويرها بوصفها حالة ضرورية تتطلب القوة والسرعة، من خلال استخدام احد | The dissertation includes five chapters;The researcher refers to the introduction of the research and its importance at the forefront of the research and its important to the most important parts in the physical game, a tennis explosive speed and distinctive force which plays a basic and major role. As a tennis player that need to be developed as a necessary condition that requires strength speed , through the use of one common method force in the development of the inverted hierarchy style and find out extent of its impaction on some of the offensive skills of young players accuracy.The research problem after briefing researcher on the sources and studies for a game of tennis, which emphasizes that there are several physical capabilities interference in its performance but the most prominent of which is the explosive power and distinctive as fast as several methods used in training, and after reviewing the methods used, The problem emerged when a researcher is to use a style of training is not used previously in the game of tennis, an opposite hierarchy style to develop explosive speed and distinctive strengths and knowledge of its impact on the accuracy of performance of some offensive skills with young players in tennis. The research aims to : • The research aims to prepare the training curriculum with the opposite hierarchy style• Identify the impact of the opposite style hierarchy to develop explosive power distinctive power of players.• Identify the impact of the opposite style hierarchy on the accuracy of performance of some of the offensive skills of tennis players.The researcher assumed the following : • There is statistically significant differences between tribal and dimensional tests in explosive power and distinctive distinctive power of the young players in tennis.• There is statistically significant differences between tribal and dimensional in the performance of some offensive skills accuracy young players in tennisAs for research field : • The human field : Youth Players of Alsaed Club of tennis• time field : from 20/2/2015 to 2/5/2015 • Spatial field : Fitness Foreign stadiums Tennis Hall in the alsaed ClubChapter two contains several issues related to the subject of research As it touched on the concept of hierarchical forms of training , hierarchical pyramids and the types of training ,muscle strength, importance and power types (Maximum power, Mtaulp strength, explosive strength, speed characteristic force) , accuracy, types and working to develop it , tennis (A game of tennis (basic skills in the game of tennis, strike aircraft and steps learned and mistakes when implementing, Crushing blow and steps of its learning and mistakes of its Implementation, As for the previous studies the researcher refer to my am OMER KAMEL ABEDOMRAN and ZAINAB RAAD ABDUL HUSSEIN studies and similarities and differences between the current study, the two previous studies. While the researcher field procedures in chapter three is using of experimental method to design tests with the same group of tribal and suitability for the post with the problem of research and the research sample included six players from the youth players of Alsaed club tennis.Also it included the means , the tools and equipment used in all the information and determine the physical and skill tests , procedures exploratory experiment and this chapter contained the the statistical methods used to address data extracted.While chapter four included display of the results of research and variables that have been analyzed and discussed scientifically supported sources.In light of the discussion of the results that have been reached it has come up the following conclusions : • inverted Hierarchical style training helps in developing explosive power of arms and legs muscles with young tennis players.• inverted Hierarchical style has positive influence in the development of power distinctive by speed for arms and legs with young tennis players• The development of the physical abilities of young trainee's players with inverted hierarchy style working to improve the depth of the font and behind of Plane strikes in tennis • The development of physical abilities of young players who trained with inverted hierarchy style, helps to improve muscular harmonic work, subsequently reflected positively on the accuracy and the depth of forhand and back hand drive and the smash in tennis.• There is extrusive relation under studying in the development of power and the accuracy of the basic activities. The recommendations involved : • Adoption of the training curriculum hierarchy amphibious style when some physical training and skills development for young famous tennis stage setup.• It is necessary to take into account the foundations of scientific methods and planning training when using a hierarchical style of down cut and definition coaches and their assistants in nature.

تاثير تمرينات بدنية ـ مهارية باستخدام جهازين لتطوير بعض القدرات البدنية والمتغيرات البايوكينماتيكية ودقة مهارتي الضرب الساحق والارسال المتموج من القفز بالكرة الطائرة == The Effect of Physical - Skill Exercises By Using Two Devices To Develop Some Physical Abilities And Biokinematical Variables And Accuracy of Two Skills Which As Spike And Th Jump of Float Serve In Volleyball

Author name: ايمان فائق صالح
Supervisor name: سمير مسلط الهاشمي | بشرى كاظم الهماشي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Fitness
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تضمن الباب الاول مقدمة البحث واهميته : ان مهارتي الضرب الساحق والارسال المتموج من القفز من المهارات الاساسية والمهمة بالكرة الطائرة والتي تحتاج الى سرعة ودقة عالية لاتقانها مقابل الاهتمام ببعض القدرات البدنية كالقوة الانفجارية والمميزة بالسرعة وتحمل القوة | Part I included the introduction of research and its importance : that The skill of spike in both types of diaganal and straight and jump of float serve basic skills and job Volleyball which need high speed and accuracy of mastery against the interest of some physical abilities force it explosive and speed and bearing strength and put it exercises linked to the performance of those skills and using two devices for development those two skills and access to the performance and accuracy, that is one of the weaknesses of the sports teams and do not give importance to the training program and in particular the first team breeding Rusafa of basic slide that feed clubs and sports teams, and therein lies the problem of the research.Research goals : - Knowing physical abilities, some biokinematical variables, accuracy in two skills spike in both types diagonal, straight and jump of float serve in volleyball. - The preparation physical exercises - skill exercises by using two devices to develop some physical abilities and biokinematical variables and accuracy in spike and jump of float serve in volleyball. - Identify the effect of exercise by using devices to develop some physical abilities and variables biokinematical, accuracy spike (diagonal, straight) and jump of float serve in volleyball.Research hypotheses• There are statistically significant differences between the results of the tests and tribal dimensional experimental and control groups in some physical abilities and the biokinematical variables of two skills the diagonal, straight spikes and jump of float serve in volleyball and in favor of the post test.• There are significant differences between the results of the tests and tribal dimensional experimental and control groups differences of two skills the diagonal, straight spikes and jump of float serve in Volleyball and in favor of the post test accuracy.• There are significant differences between the experimental and control groups in the post tests in some physical abilities and biokinematical variables in skills and accuracy differences spiks and jump of float serve in volleyball.The scope of researchThe human scope : Represent the players for the first team Rusafa breeding age (15 - 17 years).The temporal scope : for the period from 30/01/2014 till 7 / 6/ 2015The spatial scope : Al - adhamiya secondary school playground outdoor for boys and the hall of physical education indoor for Girls.Part II Contained on theory and previous studies included the following them : the physical - skilly exercises, science sports training and training methods, physical abilities , the devices used in the training specifications and other subjects that have to do researchPart III contained on research methodology and procedures Field : The researcher used the experimental method designed groups with pre and post tests to the nature of the research and its relevance to the selected sample deliberate manner of players Alterpaat volleyball team in the first Rusafa. Totaling (18) player after he ruled the player free, and the setting players the number (15) for the player were divided randomly into two groups of the experimental group and the number (5) players, and the control group and the number (5) players also the five remaining test reconnaissance, and after that was conducted homogeneity and parity of the sample conducted them tribal tests and then applied exercise physical - skills using the devices prepared by the researcher for 8 weeks at a rate of (3) training units per week, bringing the total sum of modules (24) unit training, it has reached a period of physical exercise in the unit training between (52.92 minutes) to (107.68 minutes), has been applied during the exercise section President, either time module has identified a time of 120 minutes is divided into (physically, skilly, plans , psychology), and the researcher used the method of training Recurring interval and after the completion of the application of exercises conducted a posteriori tests.Part IV included a presentation and analysis of results, discussion and verification of hypotheses.Finally, Part V included the conclusions and recommendations in the light of the discussion of the findings of the most important thesis and have exceeded the researcher's conclusions and in general? The physical exercise - footwork using two devices contributed to the development of physical abilities selected and in favor of the experimental group.? that physical exercise - skill using the devices contributed to the development of a section of the biokinematic variables that were significant in two skills and not significant in the other section.? that physical exercise - skill using the devices contributed to the development of my skills beating the overwhelming national and rectum and transmitter accuracy of wavy jump.Recommendations? researcher recommends using physical - skills exercises to develop some physical abilities and stomach by the researcher and to the stability of the effective impact.? The use of the machines in schools because of the effect to improve the students' level of private spike and serve transmitter.

تاثير التدريبات الهوائية واللاهوائية في بعض الانزيمات المضادة للاكسدة والدهون والتكوين الجسمي لدى ممارسات اللياقة البدنية بعمر (30 - 35سنة) == The Impact of Aerobic And Anaerobic Training In Some Antioxidant Enzymes, Fat And The Physical Configuration When Doing Practices of Fitness of The Age (30 - 35 Years Old)

Author name: زهاد فوزي ناجي محمد الجميلي
Supervisor name: رافع صالح فتحي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان الطاقة تلعب الدور الاساسي في استمرار الجهد البدني؛ وان دراسة الكيفية التي يكون عليها صرف الطاقة داخل الجسم من حيث تاثير التراكيز القليلة من مضادات الاكسدة الغذائية والذاتية منها او الانزيمات الاخرى توضح الرؤيا للدور الاساس الذي يؤدي الى احداث تغيرات ك | Eenergy plays a fundamental role in the continuation of physical effort. The study of how energy will be exerted within the body in terms of the impact of concentrations of the few dietary antioxidants whether self - acting or enzymes clear the vision of the basic role which leads to big effects. These effects depend on the quality of the time of physical effort and whether the efforts are aerobic or anaerobic. Moreover, the work of the enzymes together means the elimination of imbalances that pervades the organs of the body because of the effort the body which leads to complications of disorder of the cells in addition to lack of activity of enzymes that act as antioxidants or that play an important role, such as those working to dissolve fat or which affect the physical readiness components to maintain the internal environment of the body. The study was aimed to : 1. Determine the impactof the aerobic training method in some antioxidant enzymes and dissolving of fat within the bodily formation of the research sample.2. Determine the impact of the anaerobic training method in some antioxidant enzymes and dissolving of fat within the bodily formation of the research sample.3. Know the difference between the two experimental groups in some antioxidant enzymes and dissolving of fat within the bodily formation of the research sample. The researcher used the training curriculum as a way to solve the problem of her thesis.She also uses a sample of practices fitness age (30 - 35), one practices aerobic training and other practices anaerobic training.Therefore, the sample is subjected to experimental design (control and experimental) which means that each one sets the other. In order to implement the experience, the researcher used the tools and the experiments belong to the research, the most important of which is setting two instructive programs, one of them is implemented by aerobic training, the other by anaerobic one.After finishing with the research and getting the results, the researcher analyzed the results and reached the following conclusions : First : the moral impact of the aerobic training curriculum on all the following research variables and in different proportions.• BMI• Percentage of fat• The value of the enzyme Allaypez• Alkl?tatheon• catalaseSecond : the moral impact of the anaerobic training curriculum on all the following research variables and in different proportions. Training curriculum impact significantly in each of the following research variables and proportions fabricated : • BMI• Percentage of fat• The value of the enzyme Allaypez• Alkl?tatheon• catalaseThird : the appearance of preference for anaerobic training when compared to aerobic training results in the following variables : • Alkl?tatheon.Fourth : emergence preference for aerobic training when compared to anaerobic training results in the following variables : • catalase.Fifth : lack of significant moral differences between the following variables for aerobic and anaerobic training in the following variables : • BMI.• Percentage of fat.• Value enzyme Allaypez.Sixth : A ratios varying change in the level of variables that appeared although they were random.After the finalization of the conclusions, researcher was to make the following recommendations : 1 - The necessity of making a longitudinal study for other ages of the increase in weight.2 - Other samples must be subjected for levels of specialized training according to chronological age for each group.3 - To study the effect of hormones simultaneously with enzymes to reduce fat ratios.4 - The necessity of making a private study fat cells according to number and size in accordance with a usage of developed and sophisticated equipment.

دراسة واقع السمات الشخصية لتدريسي الرياضة والاختصاصات العلمية الاخرى في المرحلة المتوسطة == Study The Reality of Personality For Teaching Scientific Disciplines And Sports In Middle School

Author name: ضحى باسم حسين
Supervisor name: سلمان عبد الواحد كيوش
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: احتوى الباب على التعريف بالبحث وعلى مقدمته واهميته التي تناولت فيها الباحثة توضيح عن علم النفس العام بعده الاساس ومن ثم توضيح عن علم النفس التربوي باعتبار ان موضوع السمات الشخصية من اهم مواضيعه كذلك توضيح عن علم النفس الرياضي بعده من صميم موضوع البحث | Consisted door to the definition of research and an introduction to the research and its importance, which dealt with the researcher to clarify for General Psychology as a basis and then have been said to clarify for Educational Psychology, as the subject of personality traits of the most important themes were then said to clarify for sport psychology as a core research topic It was then addressed the issue of personality traits and then touched on the role of the researcher being a teacher a fundamental axis of the important themes and then spoke about the role of the researcher being a sport is also most important themes. And ensure the door mentioned the importance of research, summarized by the fact that research is an attempt for the advancement of the practice of sport, who was still suffering from considerable neglect.The research problem can be summarized by the extent of the effect of exercise on the development of personal characteristics of the task that should be available to the teachers of the intermediate stage as an important stage, the role of the teacher and the school where the complex is not limited to the delivery of scientific material only. The research objectives were : the : 1. Identify the personality traits of each of the following materials teachers (physical education, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology).2. A comparison of personality traits among teachers of physical education teachers and other scientific materials individually and others collectively.3. A comparison of personality traits between male and female middle school teachers of materials (physical education, mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology) and other individually combined. The hypotheses were as follows : 1. The existence of significant differences between the personality traits that characterized the teachers of physical education teachers for other scientific materials for teachers of Physical Education.2. The lack of significant differences for teachers of physical education teachers for other scientific materials. It also included the areas of research (human, temporal, spatial), as well as ensure that the definition of the terms contained in the search.Chapter Two Section contains theoretical studies and similar topics and theoretical research on the subject.Chapter ThreeContained a section on research methodology used a methodology (descriptive - Study and reality for comparison), and included research to clarify the sample and the search tool and characteristics Alsekoumtria, as well as how to conduct the experiment exploratory and how it was a main experiment, the researcher used statistical means of coefficient of correlation (Spearman).Chapter Four Contained a section to display the results that have been reached after the completion of the research procedures in the light of research objectives and ensure all tables, graphs and illustrations also included a presentation and discussion of the results.Chapter Five Section contains the conclusions reached by the researcher through the search results and was the most prominent of these conclusions are : 1. Sports big role in contributing to the development of important personal characteristics to be met by all the teachers.2. The physical education teachers are better features distinguish them from other teachers other scientific disciplines.3. The revival teachers (male) were closest in the results for the sport education teachers from other materials in personality traits.4. Did not show differences in personality traits of males between the following scientific disciplines (mathematics, chemistry, physics and biology).5. The chemistry teachers Be closest Nta?jhen of physical education teachers did not show differences between teachers (math, biology, physics and chemistry). The main recommendations were : 1.Interest in sports that the university Undergraduate teachers are longer.2. Do competitions in various sports among school teachers for the middle phase with providing material prizes to be an incentive to them.3. Provide equipment and sports arenas in all schools.4. Work on laying the love of exercise through the most important and the first phase is a kindergarten, as well as public awareness of the importance of exercise.5. Conduct a scientific study for the advancement of the sport.

اعداد خطط مبرمجة الكترونيا باستخدام الهاتف النقال لتنفيذ مفردات مادتي الجمناستك الفني وكرة اليد واثرها في تطوير بعض الصفات البدنية والتحصيل الدراسي == Plans Programmed Electronically Using The Mobile Phone For The Implementation of The Vocabulary The Subjects of Artistic Gymnastics And Handball And Its Impact On The Development of Certain Physical Attributes And Academic Achievement

Author name: اسراء ياسين عبد الكريم البياتي
Supervisor name: عفاف عبد الله الكاتب | منال عبود العنبكي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: فقد اشتمل البحث على خمس ابواب وهي : - الباب الاول احتوى هذا الباب على المقدمة واهمية البحث حيث يعيش العالم اليوم ثورة علمية تكنولوجية ويشهد انفجارا معرفيا ومعلوماتيا اذ يعد البرنامج الالكتروني من نواتج التقدم العلمي والتقني المعاصر ومحور اهتمام المربين | The research included five gates, namely : - This section contains the first door on the front and the importance of research, where he lives today, the world scientific and technological revolution is witnessing an explosion in terms of information as cognitive and longer - mail program of the outputs of scientific and technical progress and the focus of contemporary educators, researchers and those interested in the educational process. Vsat researcher to the use of new technology by mobile phone in order to access the process of education to the highest level to achieve the educational goals at all levels and areas. The problem of the research has noted the researcher that the teacher when writing the plan neglects the books that take them elements of the plan so it is the repeating physical exercise every time, so felt a researcher collecting a large number of books and put them in a single source in order to facilitate the teacher's process of opening all these books from the source At the time of one single and simple for the purpose of writing a plan for the educational unit is different every time and protect it from its predecessor in the mobile phone to be with him all the time and everywhere.The aims of the research include : - 1 - prepare a plan of programmed electronically to the subjects of artistic gymnastics and handball to students in the Department of Physical Education in the Faculty of Basic Education2 - Identify the impact of plans electronically programmed to carry out the subjects of artistic gymnastics and handball to students in the Department of Physical Education in the Faculty of Basic EducationHypotheses were : - 1 - There are significant differences between the tests before and after the performance of the skill sets and the research sample (males - females), according to academic levels2 - There are significant differences between the tests before and after the physical tests and sample groups (males - females), according to academic levelsThe areas of research have included : - 1.5.1 the human sphere : - students in the Department of Physical Education for stages I, II and III in the College of Basic Education - University of Mustansiriya1.5.2 spatial domain : - Interior halls of the Department of Physical Education - College of Basic Education University Mustansiriya1.5.3 temporal area : - from 06/09/2011 until 01/10/2012Part II : - ensure research on special topics such as plans, programmed and its importance in physical education teaching aids and their role in the plan and e - learning and its components and the importance of the phone and its benefits in the educational process and the strategy of the computer and the lesson plan, including annual, quarterly and dailyPart III : - The researcher used a systematic experimental search for its suitability to the nature of the problem The research sample was selected randomly and are students of the Faculty of Basic Education - Department of Physical Education and for the three phases have been extracted harmonization and equivalence to them and then identified the most important physical attributes by experts and was selection of the most important tests of physical qualities as well as the experience of selected exploratory and scientific conditions of the test and experience in addition to the main post - test at the end of this section came statistical treatments.Chapter Four : - The presentation and the results analyzed and discussed the performance of the skill and physical tests and the percentage of the three stages of development and the vocabulary of subjects and artistic gymnastics, handballPart V : - has included the conclusions and recommendations Alastnajat : - 1 - the emergence of a clear improvement in physical tests and performance skills and the experimental group to the method of Handball for boys 2 - The plan is programmed helped to improve performance skills among the students of the three phases and for the experimental group, while not quite live up to the level of moral development among students of the control group who followed the traditional plan As for recommendations : - 1 - take advantage of the plan electronically programmed using the mobile phone by the teachers for their positive impact in learning the vocabulary of the technical approach to gymnastics and handball.2 - reliance on the use of modern technical means of assistance that contribute to the development of performance skills and physical vocabulary for all the practical and theoretical

تقويم اداء تدريسيي كليتي التربية الرياضية جامعة بغداد وفقا لمعايير الجودة الشاملة == Amended of Teachers' Performance For Athletic Education College University of Baghdad According To Criteria of Comprehensive Effica

Author name: ثامر حماد رجه حمادي
Supervisor name: هشام محمد ناصر
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يشمل هذا الباب مقدمة البحث واهميته، اذ ان الاهمية تتطرق الى تناول موضوع يتسم بالحداثة، فضلا عن معرفة امكانية تطبيق معايير الجودة الشاملة في كليتي التربية الرياضية جامعة بغداد، والوقوف على مستوى ممارستها، فضلا عن حاجة كليات التربية الرياضية الى مثل تلك ا | First section : research identification This : included the prelude and research importance , then research importance to get the subject has quality of modernity and in specific way , moreover the ability to acknowledgement of application efficacy performance in both athletic education college university of Baghdad , and the stand on practicing level ,moreover the need of athletic education college to such studies that contribute in development of teachers performance in generally , and especially of athletic education college and favoring the improvement and the modern universally variables and consists of positive destinations toward the active occupational preparation and achieving the best results in scientific teaching out let and competitive challenge that carry our new world.The research problem : were emerged from the note of literally's researcher readingsof literatures comprehensive performance in common view and Iraqi and Arabic studies in practically it were mentioned that efficacy is basic demand in recent time specially in education field ,inspit of exist many of studies that were got the qualities and criteria that should committee members should be enquired to in athletic education college but all of it were taken the basis such criteria in lighten according to systems of sufficient or limits these criteria of higher destinations has co ability for competition specially the out side of it , upon all studies assured that who in stand of teaching process is the basic corner in consistent element of teaching process so we should specially focus on teaching details in university and athletic education college enlighten of modern systems and their studies and identification attempt the ways that could convey with social variables and technical in the world to get the improving the quality of performance and achieving the goals in teaching process and their out lets.second section : theory studies.and the resembles : included the theory studies and the resembles with same relation of research and the researcher showed the hanging literatures to emended the performance and their related concepts.then got the concept of teacher and teaching after that he got to show the comprehensive efficacy in detail and their basis and major axis and the active teacher ‘s duties according to efficacy systems and their improvements during to such concept and the criteria’s and signs and the most universal rewards to such modern systems.the previous studies were divided for three parts ) iraqi’s studies ,Arabic studies , foreign studies ) Section three : research curriculum and the field procedures And This section include research and field procedures and the ,harmonic with nature problem researcher used the described curriculum by using the survey style to appropriate the research problem , as it contain in this section the consist sample of teachers athletic education college in university of Baghdad they were (254 ) of teachers and reality number of (127 ) teachers for basic sample that's in ratio of (50 % ) from total research it were mentioned the used means and the procedures steps that included the statement bill as goal achieving there were researcher done the mean preparation by it's two parts( criteria and signs ) depending on criteria of ( malkom balderg ) prize as foundation.moreover on literatures and previous studies that were taken the subject and by amended the suitable corrections to compatible the research environment and t's society ,researcher were realized the rightness of statement with it's two parts by using two kinds of rightness the first pretend rightness by show it for group of judges and depend on degree ( 80% ) as ratio to remain the clause that got the approval of judges and second constructional rightness by the internal arrangement of coefficient of clauses and included the mean in beginner image to part of criteria's(76 ) clause and signs (252 )clause and by taken with judges directions by omitting and amended and adding the part that belong to criterias were (71 ) and the part that belong to signs (218 ) distributed between (21 ) branches and distributed again on ( 77 ) major field and the stability particle by two methods concluded the first half parting the stability coefficient got to (0.832 ) and the second (Alpha crunbakh) got to coefficient stability (0.842 ) it's acceptable range.Data were treated by using equivalents of ( the medium probability , criteria deflection ,arithmetic medium ,testing with letter T for two samples non equal with size)Fourth section : To show the research data and their analysis and discussion by using the appropriate statistical means reaching the achieving research goal ,the researcher were got to new results specified the ability teachers practicing to efficiency criterias in athletic education college and the final result was ( medium ) of appreciation and in referred arithmetical medium has value of (2.914 ) that’s mean the have got efficiency but at start way adding to were investigate of results of third goal and showed there were differences by college variable.Fifth section : The researcher concluded to the major conclusions and recommendations.Conclusions : * The total criterias efficiency consider as referred appropriate criteria to evaluate teachers of university for making some change to elevate efficiency of university’s teachers.* it was clear from results that showed of application the research particle on the ability of applying the efficiency criteria in higher education by using process of requirements.* it was clear from results that showed of application the research particle that teachers in athletic education college university of Baghdad were applied the total efficiency in degree of ( medium ( that’s mean they have ability to acceptable the concept of total efficiency.*apparent of differences between two colleges in degree of application the total efficiency criteria and signs.Recommendations : * necessity of adoption the philosophy of total efficiency.and the invitation both colleges to apply the total efficiency criteria because the earning results were achieved showed reflect the abilities of application such understanding.* Viability information base or the acknowledgement base including all politics and information and acknowledgments tha contributed to required information viability for planning strategies of total efficiency.*opening educational courses and training for teachers for spread the acknowledgement of total efficiency.*the importance of amending enlighten of total efficiency criteria ,necessity of application the efficiency criteria that belong to teachers at the beginning and at the ending of scholar year to know their performance.

علاقة التلوث البيئي - النفسي بالاتزان الانفعالي لدى لاعبي بعض الالعاب الفرقية والفردية == Relationship of Psychological - Environmental Pollution And Emotional Equilibrium In The Players of Some Individual And Team Games

Author name: دنيا صاحب جمعة
Supervisor name: خالدة ابراهيم احمد | عايدة علي حسين
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: احتوت الاطروحة على خمسة ابواب : تناول الباب الاول مقدمة البحث واهميته والتي تناولت الملوثات البيئية وما لها علاقة في سلوك الافراد ولاسيما الرياضيين, هذا السلوك الناتج من تفاعل الفرد مع البيئة التي يعيش فيها، فالتلوث بكل انواعه الضوضائي والبصري والضوئي والص | The thieses included five sections : The first section includes the introduction of the research and its importance which deals with the pollutants of environment and its relation with individuals' behaviour especially the athlets, this behavior is a result of the interaction of the individual with the environment in which he live.The Pollution of all kinds, noise pollution (auditory), optical, light, health, chemical, ethical, social, political, all have a significant impact on the human psyche. that is, all of these pollutants are considered a direct and major cause for polluting human psychologically as a result of psychological stress and nervousness generated by these pollutants, especially athletes who need psychological environment free of all pollutants.so, each of these patterns need to reconsider long to study it, and enclose its psychological results.Hence the importance of research to identify the most important of these pollutants and their psychological impact by constructing a scale for sporting psychological pollution, and design a scale of pollution noise (auditory), and to identify their relationship with the emotional equilibrium, and their relationship with the sporting accomplishment in some individual and team sporting events in order to make coaches and players controlling these pollutants , and reduce it to get best results in the future. The research problem focuses on there is no scale to measure psychological - environmental pollution in the sports field that measures the degree of pollution in the players of individual and team games; The absence of pollution measuring is considered a problem that most of players suffer, and that affects negatively their performance and their psychological equilibrium inside and outside stadiums.This research put out a range of objectives including : - The construction of sporting psychological pollution scale. - Identifying the relationship between the psychological - environmental pollution and the emotional equilibrium in the invidual and team games.Research hypotheses are : 1 - There is a statistically significant relationship between psychological - environmental pollution and emotional equilibrium in the players of individual games.2 - There is a statistically significant relationship between psychological - environmental pollution and emotional equilibrium in the players of team games. The research sample included the players clubs Iraq Applicants for the difference games (basketball - handball) and individual games (gymnastics - track and field - shooting) and numbered (445) players including Expeditionary experiment.The second section evolved to include theoretical studies and similar studies : And contains theoretical studies related to the psychological pollution and environmental pollutants and emotional equilibrium was addressed it to previous studies in pollution psychological and emotional equilibrium. And ensures section Three research methodology and procedures : where the researcher used the descriptive approach to its relevance to the nature of the research, also included this section how to choose the research community and appointed, and divided according to the requirements of building standards, and extract the scientific basis for the standards used by trial exploratory, the scale balancing emotional has been calculatedthe discriminatory power of the vertebrae the two extremes manner measure for the purpose of application of the sample in the main experiment, was addressed to the most important statistical methods used in the research.And contains section Four Results analyzed and discussed : where were present the results of building scale environmental pollution psychological which included factor analysis of the vertebrae and axes measure and extract significant moral based on analysis of variance and defining relations relational between research variables, were all done by the bag Statistical Social Sciences (SPSS).The fifth section conclusions and recommendations : this section contains the conclusions and recommendations, where the researcher concluded : A relationship between environmental pollution - and psychological equilibrium emotional the players games difference and individual and ended researcher set of recommendations that have been emphasized through the possibility of applying this standard by trainers games difference and individual in Iraq to measure the degree of contamination psychological their players, in addition to the possibility of using a measure of equilibrium emotional category of applicants in games and other sports, and conduct studies and other research similar to this study and the different samples and other games and the possibility of using this measurement to compare players of different games and her players

تاثير تداخل اسلوبي التمرين العشوائي المتغير والمتسلسل الثابت في تعلم بعض المهارات الاساسية بالكرة الطائرة والاحتفاظ بها للمبتدئين == The Effect of Tow Educational Curriculum By Interference Styles Random Variable And Blocked Constant On Learning And Retention of Some Basic Vollyball Skills For High School Students

Author name: عمار فليح رميح جبر الساعدي
Supervisor name: سعد حماد الجميلي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تناولنا في الباب الاول : التعريف بالبحث ومشكلة البحث، والتي تكمن في : تدني مستوى الرياضة المدرسية العراقية رغم انها كانت تعد من الروافد الغزيرة والمهمة للرياضة العراقية من اندية ومنتخبات وقد يكون سبب هذا التدني الواضح يرجع الى : ضعف المناهج التعليمية والتدريس | The letter five sections : We dealt with in Part I : definition of research and research problem, which lies in : the low level of sports school Iraqi Although she was considered one of the tributaries and heavy task for Iraqi sports clubs and teams may be the reason for this apparently low due to : weakness in the curriculum and teaching used.Based on the above research goals came as follows : Determine the effect of setting educational approaches to interfere exercise hard sequential and random variable in the learning and retention of some technical skills volleyball sets of experimental research.Better detection methodology used in learning and keep some basic volleyball skills for three research groups experimental and control groups.Through a search target imposes researcher that : There were statistically significant differences between pre and post tests for experimental research groups and control groups in the learning and retention of some technical skills volleyball.There are significant differences between the three research groups experimental and control groups in tests posteriori and in favor of a random variable in the learning and retention of some technical skills volleyball.Either the areas of research, were as follows : Research areasThe human sphere : students at the fourth preparatory secondary Zainal Abidin (AS) for Boys (Karkh II).The temporal domain : the period of 19/2/2012 and up 15/5/2012.Spatial domain : secondary Square Zine El Abidine (p) for boys. Part II : theoretical studies and similar : This included the door explanation of the concepts of the following : (learning and motor learning, the concept of exercise, methods motor learning (scheduling exercise), (Exercise sequential, exercise random, exercise hard, exercise variable), overlapping methods exercise, keep, basic skills volleyball (skill transmission volleyball, skill receiver transmitter volleyball, skill scroll from the top)) and then similar studies and discussed.Part III research methodology and field procedures : The researcher used the experimental design equal experimental groups. The sample and the research community has been be : students fourth phase of secondary Zine El Abidine (p) for Boys Educational Karkh second's (74) and it was during the second semester of the academic year 2011 to 2012 was chosen as the sample randomly from the research community and style lottery's ( 36) students and represented the sample (49%) of the students fourth preparatory stage. The means of collecting information, it included : Arab and foreign sources, personal interviews, observation and experimentation, data registration form to the tests, curriculum, tests, personal interviews, as well as exploratory experience and appropriate statistical methods to search.Part IV : Results and analysis and discussion : This included door display findings researcher and discussed.Part V : Conclusions and recommendations : Researcher was able in this section that reached several conclusions and recommendations are : 1 - The adoption of my style (hard sequential and random variable) as well as the style of the teacher and carried out within the educational programs with a positive impact on learning and retention performance skills to some basic volleyball skills.Through conclusions researcher suggested - and humility - made several recommendations, including : 1 - Using the method of random variable learn basic volleyball skills, especially skills (sending and scroll from the top and scroll down) for beginners.2 - to take advantage of other studies using the overlap between other educational methods to learn different skills in a game of volleyball, and other sports.

التسويق الرياضي واهميته في تطوير اداء الاندية الرياضية العراقية == Sport Marketing And Its Importance In Developing Iraqi Athletic Clubs

Author name: عذراء عبد الامير عباس
Supervisor name: جلال عبيد العبادي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: احتوى الباب الاول على تعريف البحث اذ تم التطرق من خلاله الى معنى التسويق العام والتسويق الرياضي بشكل خاص فضلا عن الاندية الرياضية والدور الذي تؤديه داخل المجتمع ودور الموارد المادية في تحقيق اهدافها وتطوير ادائها ومن هنا تاتي اهمية البحث من خلال تناوله م | The importance of the study lies in the topic itself; sport marketing, which is a new topic in Iraqi athletic clubs. The information provided in this dissertation assist athletic institutions in the best styles of selecting as well as identifying marketing problems that face such athletic administrations and finally it offers solutions for all these problems.The problem of the study lays in financial dilemmas that athletic clubs face which limits their ability to achieve the goals.The Aims of The Study : 1. Identifying the reality of marketing in Iraqi athletic clubs.2. Identifying the role and importance of marketing in the development of Iraqi athletic clubs' performance and goals.3. Identifying the limitations that face Iraqi athletic clubs' and Making solutions for all the problems that the administrations in applying sport marketing.4. Specifying the obstacles that prevent companies from contributing in marketing and Removing these obstacles that face these companies in sports marketing.5. Providing a correct process to administrate sports marketing.The Hypothesis of The Study : The researcher hypothesized that the marketing process in Iraqi athletic clubs leads to a great development in their performance and goal achievements.The Procedures : The researcher used the descriptive method. The subjects were presidents, secretaries and treasury of all Iraqi clubs section A, General mangers and sponsors of the ministry of youth and sports, Presidents and members of the executive board of the Iraqi Olympic Committee, Experts in the sports' affairs of some governmental institutions (the councilors of the president, the councilor of prime minster, the councilor of youth and sports committee and marketing mangers of some public and private companies. The study lasted from 26 / 2 /2009 till 29 / 4 /2010. The study took place in the ministry of youth and sports, the Iraqi Olympic Committees, the headquarters of Iraqi athletic clubs category A and the headquarters of public and private companies. The Conclusions : 1. Administrative leaders have little knowledge about sports marketing and the methods of applying it in athletic clubs.2. The necessity of finding an institute for marketing in all athletic clubs, athletic federations and ministry of youth and sports that would supervise the process of marketing.3. Many Company administrations have limited ideas about athletic clubs and their facilities and goals.4. The companies do not have one member that is specialized in sports marketing of athletic clubs.The Recommendations : 1. Applying the process of marketing in athletic clubs to help achieve their goals according to the following steps.a. The ministry of youth and sports in the board of senates are working on the law of sports marketing that will specify administrating marketing in athletic clubs.b. Reopening the national institution of leadership by adding courses in leaders in the field of sports marketing.2. The youth and sports committee and the Iraqi board of senates are working on adjusting the law of general investment by including an item that states providing all investors in the field of sports with the privileges that investors in other fields have.

اعداد ميدان تطويري لمسابقات العاب القوى وتاثيره في القدرات البدنية والحركية للاعمار (11 - 12) سنة == Aproposgd Parcourse of Athletic Training And It Is Effect On Physical And Motor Abilites Among Children 11 - 12 Year Old

Author name: فراس طلعت حسين
Supervisor name: جنان سلمان الغبان
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الباب الاول : وقد تضمن : مقدمة البحث واهمية البحث التنوع في مهارات العاب القوى، وامكانيه ممارستها باقل التكاليف والامكانيات، اي ان المهارات المستخدمة في فعاليات العاب القوى هي المستخدمة في الحياة العامة، ولجميع المهارات الاخرى، لذلك فان ممارستها سهل | Most athletc training skills can be dgveloped with minimum and low prices tools and equipments. these skills can be performed in anormal life such as running , throwing and hurdeling. it is easy to perform these skills during physical education classes. Tha ain of this study is to use a simplg parcourse ( training stations ) using a very simple tools and opsticals to enhance motor and physical abllities , the study set two goals for that : 1. proposed a paarcourse for athletic training for children 11 - 12 year old.2. identife tha ffect of using this par cours on children. the researchr hypothesisd that. using the proposed par course will effect the physical and motor abilities positevly.subjects were 24 sixth grade students in animar bin yasir primmerx school , the subjects were % 7.25 of the total students. All subjects were tested in the following physical and motor tests.Sped , power , indurance , flexibility , agility , coordination , balance , and accuracy. thesf tests reflect the pre - test.after that , all subjects under went 20 training sessions. with tow training sessions aweer. every training session las for 60 minu tes. training session content teaching the students different exercises using the parcourse. After training sessions all subjects were retested in the same physical and motor abllities under the same conditlons with same mannars. Data was analised statistically by using , mean , standard deviatlon , and t - test. Results revealed that the proposed par cours help the studnts in thgir physical and motor abllits. more over using the par cours en henced the students in their athletic skills like , hurdle runnhng , juviline throwing , high jumping , and long jump. The study recommended the following : 1. using this simple parcourse with some simple and cheap tools in elementary schools.2. using more complex and more difficult par course in secondary and high schools to match their growing abilities

بناء بطاريتي اختبار بدنية ومهارية وتقنينهما لانتقاء الاشبال باعمار (11 - 13سنة) بكرة القدم == Building Two Test Battery And Physical Skill And Standardizing For Selecting The Cubs Aged (11 - 13 Years Old) Football

Author name: هيثم هاشم غيدان علوان القيسي
Supervisor name: مؤيد جاسم الحمداني
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تكمن اهمية البحث في استخدام الاسس العلمية في عملية انتقاء الموهوبين من اجل خلق قاعدة صحيحة في كرة القدم بدءا من اعمار(11 - 13) سنة وبناء اختبارات مقننة لتنسجم هذه الاختبارات مع واقع الاشبال بهذه المراحل العمرية وباستخدام المعايير العلمية وبعض الاجهزة الح | Lies the importance of research in the use of scientific bases in the process of selecting talented in order to create a sound basis in football from ages (11 - 13) years and build tests codified to fit these tests with the reality Cubs this ages and using scientific standards and some modern equipment for measuring physical abilities and skill placed research and reflected the research problem through access to studies and research related to the process of selection for the game (football) did not find a researcher study on the selection of players in this age group as well as the work is characterized more effectively and economically in terms of time, effort and money to get to the scientific knowledge and accurate level Hola Cubs From here came the research problem in building my battery test physical and skill specialized football for cubs and Tgueninhma to be starting with this age group, relying on steps sound to push the game in line with the style of ball modern as study aimed to develop a set tests physical and skill Authority two test batteries fit to be an indicator for selecting the Cubs football ages (11 - 13) years, and derive criteria for final battery…..learned…..vocabulary. To achieve these objectives have been identified sample of schools football to the Ministry of Youth and Sports and the drafters Iraqi National Olympic and school late (Ammo Baba) spherical specialized way intentional,'s (275) players out of (10) representing (4) schools spherical, and divided the sample as follows : (40) players for the tests exploratory and (150) for the player to experience the main and (255) player sample of rationing), and after determining capacity special physical and basic skills class research sample football through polled experts and specialists, the researcher nomination lot of tests, including tests codified or modified or to fit the category Cubs and privacy game or some tests designed by the researcher to non - availability in the references and scientific sources, and through a survey of expert opinions and taking observations and been identified tests appropriate search capabilities physical and skill selected, and conduct experiments reconnaissance was to ascertain the validity tests and achieve characteristics Scientific ( validity and reliability and objectivity) as well as the ability to distinguish the research sample, and conducted the appropriate statistical treatments and matrix coefficients for all variables and factor analysis in a way that the basic components using orthogonal rotation. It was named each worker has been accepted, discuss and clarify the method of nomination to represent the battery tests final physical and skill football players Cubs. Following is some of the conclusions and recommendations resulting from the study : Conclusions : In light of the results of the study showed was reachednthe following conclusions : - 1 - through the correlations matrix interfaces consisting of (27) physically test special football was reached (6) factors, and in light of the factor analysis was recycled تدويرا perpendicular manner Alvaremax to the Kaiser Vtm reach (6) factors.2 - in the light of the working conditions of admission were accepted (6) factors and interpretation, namely : - • Group I : - Mtaulp speed• Group II : - Fitness• Group III : - flexibility.• Group IV : - General Mtaulp• Group V : - force Deals speed• Group VI : - maximum power.3 - Battery was extracted physical factors learned of this study, which represents its highest Alchavat units on the factors, namely : - • Test 100.• agility test.• Test flexibility.• Test general Mtaulp.• a test of strength deals quickly.4 - characterized by the final battery units purity as the transactions of the inter - linkages between all the vocabulary is a function, and this means that each test measures a different component of the other test.5 - set standards (standard class modified in a way relay) of the battery learned6 - through the correlations matrix interfaces consisting of (18) a special Mharria test football was reached (6) factors, and in light of the factor analysis was recycled perpendicular manner Alvaremax to the Kaiser Vtm reach (6) factors.7 - in the light of the working conditions of admission were accepted (5) factors and interpretation, namely : - • Group I : - rolling the ball• Group II : - put the ball• Group III : - control of the ball• Group IV : - head butted the ball• Group V : - precise handling.• Group VI : - accurate scoring8 - Battery was extracted agents' skill learned of this study, which represents its highest Alchavat units on the factors, namely : - .• winding test run with the ball (RoRo) (5) Hoa_khas back and forth.• Test off (suppression) the movement of the ball inside (five concentric boxes (proposal).• Test control of the ball (stumping) free.• Test butted the ball towards the semi - circles• Test Handling toward five circles drawn on the ground from a distance (15 m) (as amended)• Test toward the goal scoring is divided into three sections9 - featuring the final battery units purity as the coefficients of inter - linkages between all the vocabulary is a function, and this means that each test measures a different component of the other test.Recommendations : - 1 - Adoption of the batteries physical and skill and objective scientific method to select talented players (Cubs) in football, to become a working directory and access levels to develop these players according to this careful selection..2 - the adoption of standards that have been reached through the use of standard tables developed by the researcher for final vocabulary batteries when the process of evaluation and testing of talented players Cubs football.3 - conduct a similar study in the variables and other related aspects of choosing talented football players from physical measurements and functional, psychological, that are not addressed in the study, and in a way that recycling italics.4 - re - conduct the study and the same variables on the other age groups and the development of appropriate standards for them.

اثر منهج تعليمي مقترح لتطوير بعض قدرات الادراك الحسي - الحركي على تعلم بعض المهارات الاساسية بكرة اليد لطالبات معاهد التربية الرياضية == The Effect of Suggested Learning Curriculum To Develop Some of The Perceptual - Motor Abilities To Learn Some Basic Skills In Hand Ball For The Female Students of The Institutes of Physical Education

Author name: وليد كمال محمود البرزنجي
Supervisor name: احمد ناجي محمود الربيعي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد المناهج التعليمية بمثابة الاستراتيجية المستعملة لتحقيق اهداف مختلف المؤسسات التربوية، ومنها معاهد التربية الرياضية، وذلك عن طريق توسيع معارف المتعلمين وتعليمهم المهارات الحركية الاساسية ومنها لعبة كرة اليد، وهذا يتطلب من المتعلم قدرا عاليا من الت | Dissertation includes five chapters : - First chapter : - Introducing the research : - The curriculum is considered the used strategy to obtain the objective of different educational establishments, including physical education institutes, by expanding the learners' knowledge and teaching them the basic motor skills as Handball sport. This requires form the learner a maximum standard of balance of perceptual - motor to solve many of the duties while achieving the skillful performance. That’s why a curriculum is used to improve the abilities of the perceptual - motor for helping to accelerate the learning, for the close relationships and different connection with the aspects of learning and motor performance.The problem of the research lies in the weak performance of the female students for the basic skills which is result of the poor of the attention given to perceptual - motor abilities for hand ball within curriculum. Since it proved that these abilities have a big and active role in the beginning and during the process of learning and skillful performance. So the researcher, to be of the idea that , to use a curriculum to improve the abilities of perceptual - motor to participate for producing suitable motor responses which has the motor - skills and improve them.So the objectives of the research were : 1 - Assing a group of tests for the perceptual - motor for the female students of the physical education institutes as sample individuals of the research.2 - address the suggested curriculum to improve some of the perceptual - motor of the female students of the physical education institutes as sample individuals for the research.3 - To be equated to the effect of the curriculum for improving some abilities of perceptual - motor of the sample individuals of the research.4 - To be equated to the effects of improving the abilities of perceptual - motor to learn some basic skills of Handball of the sample individuals of the research.The assumption assumed by the researcher : 1 - There are differences with statistic indications between the pre - experiment and post - experiment and for the sake of post - experiment for both controlling and experimental.2 - There are differences with statistic indications between the pre - experiment and post - experiment and for the sake of post - experiment for both controlling and experimental groups in some basic skills of Handball.3 - There are differenced with statistic indication between controlling and experimental groups in the post - experimental and for the sake of experimental group in some abilities of perceptual - motor and basic skills in HandballResearch fields included : 1 - Human fields : - First stage female students of physical education institutes in (Khanaqin , Sulaymania, Erbil , and Koya). Ages (16 - 18years), for studying year (2011 - 2012).2 - Time field : - Period from 7 - 4 - 2011 to8 - 4 - 2012.3 - Location field : - Play - yards of physical education institutes in(Khanaqin , Sulaymania, Erbil , and Koya).And the following idioms were determined (Curriculum, Perceptual - motor, and Physical education institutes ).Second chapter : - Theoretical studies and similar researches.The researcher mentioned some theoretical studies related to the research. Also, included the similar researchers and discuss it and how to make use of it. Third Chapter : - Research method and its field procedures.The researcher used the experimental procedure because of its appropriateness of this kind of scientific research method with the nature of the problem of the research and its objectives. The researcher has also used one of the experimental designs called ;( The design of two equal groups). The research sample included (40 female students) of the first stage with average age ( 16 - 18years). While the controlling sample included (20female students) of sulaymania physical education institute. whereas the experimental group included (20feamle students) of Khanaqin physical education institute. then equality and identication achieved between the two groups and to know the normal distribution for the research sample. Then the researcher concluded to an experimental battery for the abilities of perceptual - motor by using one of practical analysis method , after suggesting a number of experiments and expose it to a group of specialized experts. These were implemented on (21female students)of the first stage in Erbil physical education institute. A group of skilful experiments of Handball were chosen after informed to a group of experts. Then the researcher made the rules for the experiment of (passing length and the acuteness of guiding from 18mslong). To be appropriate to the research sample on (14 female students) from Erbil physical education institute, (14 players) of the clubs and the education leagues of Kurdistan Region aged from (16 - 18 years). The scientific bases for all these experiments were achieved. Then the pre - experiments were done. later the suggested curriculum was implemented which consists of ( 20 learning units). This was achieved from (26 - 10 - 2011 to 3 - 1 - 2012). Whereas the controlling group implemented the classic used style. Then the post - experiments were used. Later the suitable static instruments were used to deal with the data by using the social science bag (SPSS V. 19).Fourth chapter : - Introducing the results analyzing and discussing them.The result were introduced and analysed with the assistance of schedules and charts then discussing it in a scientific way with the assistance of previous scientific resources, Researches and studies.Fifth chapter : - Conclusion and Recommendations.The following conclusions were achieved : - 1 - The suggested curriculum by the researcher was better than the classic curriculum in distributing the introduced exercise and small games in a gradual form and easy which participated in improving and progressing their levels. 2 - Variety in the suggested educational units participated the zeal, competence and go for learning and improving some perceptual - motor abilities. 3 - Organizing and using some simple tools in excusing and games and repeating them. Also, prating within the suggested curriculum plans by the researcher participated in providing the educational experience to improve some of the perceptual - motor abilities. Also, helped to learn and achieve the skills in hand ball , the research subject. The most important Recommendations are : - 1 - Using the research related curriculum for the first stage of the physical education institutes since it has a great effect of learning the basic skills of Handball.2 - Using exercises and small games in the suggested curriculum in the studying courses for different ages.3 - Using the drive experiments of perceptual - motor abilities from the research and the skillful experiment ( experiment of pass length and guiding accuracy from a distance of 18ms)along with the experiments of different ages of female in Handball, and by the researchers in their studies and researches for this kind of age.

استخدام بعض الادوات المساعدة وتاثيرها في تطويرسرعة الاستجابة الحركية لحراس المرمى بكرة القدم للاعمار 13 - 15 سنة == Using of Some Assistant Tools And Their Effect On Developing The Speed of Motor Response For Football Goalkeepers of Ages 13 - 15 Years

Author name: عمار عباس فاخر
Supervisor name: يعرب خيون الصالح
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ضم الباب الاول المقدمة واهمية البحث اذ تم التطرق فيه الى لعبة كرة القدم والتي تتميز بالمواقف والحالات الكثيرة والمتغيرة، اذ ان طبيعة الاداء في هذه اللعبة يتميز بالايقاع السريع والمباغت , مما يتطلب سرعة استجابة حركية عالية لحارس المرمى الذي يجب ان يتميز | Chapter One : This Chapter Contains the introduction and the significance of the research which deals with the variable nature of football, The performance nature of football is characterirized with fast rhythm that requires fast motor response from the goalkeeper who must have fast motor response to catch the ball before scoring a goal against him, Hence comes the importance of the study to develop the performance of goalkeepers by using some of assistant tools. The problem of the study lies in developing of goalkeepers skills lacking modern styles and techniques which used in developed countries, therefore, the researcher used some exercises with modern tools to develop the speed of motor response which is important in goalkeeping.The study aims at using some assistant tools to develop speed of motor response for goalkeepers and knowing the impact of the use of these assistant tools on Developing the Speed of Motor Response for Football Goalkeepers. Chapter Two consists of theoretical and similar studies that deal with the Speed of motor response topics like the mental processes, concept of motor response, types of motor response, parts of motor response, Relation between Nerves System& Motor Response , Factors Affect Motor Response and, At the end of this chapter there are similar studies like ( Moneer Abdul Sahib Muhammad - 2008). In chapter three the researcher has used the experimental method. Two groups with two tests; pre test and post test are used. The researcher also made many Procedures like specifying the subject of the study tools and apparatus of the study and specified the suitable tests for Speed of Motor Response In addition; he executed pilot study a pre - test, some exercises for the experimental group, and a post - test. After all that the research made suitable statistical treating.Chapter four ; After treating data in suitable statistical means which obtained by researcher, He Shows the results by using certain tables, The researcher also analyzes and discuses the data and gives the reasons which lead to these results in scientific way and achieve the aims of the research accordingly.Chapter five : This Chapter contains the conclusions that the researcher concluded after treating the data statistically to show the effect of using the assistant tools on developing the speed of motor response for football goalkeepers.And in the light of conclusions the researcher raised some recommendations the most important of them are : Using the assistant tools for developing the speed of motor response for football goalkeepers Due to the importance of theses assistant tools to develop skills.

تاثير بعض الانظمة التمثيلية في التعلم والاحتفاظ لللكمة الجانبية والصاعدة في الملاكمة للناشئين == Effect of Some Representative Systems In Learning And Retention of Boxing And Side Up Cut In Boxing

Author name: واثق جمال حطاب
Supervisor name: كمال جلال ناصر
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تكمن اهمية البحث من خلال تعرف الباحث على تاثير بعض الانظمة التمثيلية في التعلم والاحتفاظ لللكمة الجانبية ( الخطف)والصاعدة (القلع)في الملاكمة لعينة البحث.مشكلة البحث : وتكمن في ان الكثير من المدربين يعتمدون خلال عملية تعليم مهارات الملاكمة على نظام واح | The importance of searching through the definition of a researcher on the impact of some of the representational systems in learning and retention of boxing and side emerging in the sample boxing SearchThe Research ProblemThe teachers and trainers is not interest to the most of representative systems in the education and training side punches and emerging in boxing.Objectives of the ResearchThe Research is designed to achieve the goals as the below : 1 - Identifying the best representative system in the learning process and keep the punch side and rising to the Research process.2 - Identify the effect of using some of the representational systems (visual - sensory) in the learning and retention of the punch and side emerging in boxing for the Research sample.Search assumptions : Researcher assumed the following : 1 - There are significant differences between pre and post tests and in favor of the post to learn boxing and side emerging as some of the systems of representative sample of the Research.2 - There are significant differences with statistical Significance in learning and retention of boxing and side emerging in a posteriori tests and in favor of the mixed group (Visual - sensory) of the research sample.Areas of Researchincluded the following fields : 1 - The domain of the humanSample of boxers Police Club and Students Club of Sports for boys (15 - 16) years.2 - Temporal areathe period from 24/1 /2012 to 1/04/20123 - Spatial domainStudents Club sports hall students Chapter 2Theoretical studies and studies of similarthe study included theory : Turning researcher in this chapter to the subject of regulations and representative types of systems Dramatic Arts (Visual - Auditory - sensory) and the use of systems of representative in the process of learning mathematical skills and the subject of NLP and use in the sport and the subject of mental processes and the issue of how to configure the motor and the subject of boxing and basic skills in boxing (Such as Stand ready - and straight punches and side emerging as well as defense in kinds of boxing).The Similar Study is : - Study of Hadeel Abdul Ilah Abdul - Hussein 2009Chapter 3 : Research methodology and procedures of fieldIf touched it to approach empirical research and the research sample, as were selected players intentionally were distributed into three groups by 10 players for each system (Visual - voluptuous - mixed) are random, in total 30 players and also included the equipment and tools and tests of skills and presentation of these tests and test exploratory and main experience and statistical methods.Chapter 4 : Results Presentation and analysis and debateThis chapter includes viewing the results and analysis and debate, as has been circles calculations and standard deviations for the two tests pre and post the totals for the three research (visual - perception - mixed) and the skills in question and present the results of the differences between the two tests pre and post and the value of (T) calculated totals for the three research and skills were presented test results analysis Variance (F) and the value is less significant difference (L. S. D) between the three research groups were presented and the skills to keep the results of tests for the three Research groups and skills.Chapter 5 : Conclusions and RecommendationsFindings included the following : This chapter included a set of conclusions reached by the researcher in the light of the Discussions of the results obtained from the statistical treatments are as follows : 1 - The emergence of a positive impact on learning and retention of boxing and side emerging as a result of the use of modules according to some research groups of representative systems.2 - that the best system of the learner is a mixed system (optical - + sensory) night, and visual sensory.3 - The use of the system through the sensory module contributes positively to improve the learning skills of boxing.4 - The use of the visual system in Module contributes to improving the learning skills of boxing.Recommendations that were recommended by the researcher as follows : 1 - Necessity to develop curricula according to the regulations of representative and applied to improve the performance of the boxer.2 - Necessity to combine more than one educational system through unity, especially (sensory + visual) because it contributes to consolidate and improve learning.3 - Necessity to strengthen the educational system of units being the most sensuous effect in learning the skills of boxing.4 - The allocation of part of the modules of the system where the visual contributes to the learning skills of boxing.5 - Disseminate the results of research in the curricula of training and education of players, clubs and teams.6 - Confirm the number of iterations increase and diversification in the performance of each system to build dynamic public programs for those skills in future research.7 - Emphasis on the correct performance of the punches when learning skills as they apply to ensure the correct use of punch in terms of lowered (Rounds).

بناء مقياس التفاعل الاجتماعي وتقنينه للاعبي كرة القدم لاندية بغداد == Designing And Building Social Interaction Scale And Standardizing It On First Class Soccer Players' From Baghdad Soccer Clubs

Author name: يوسف عبد الامير درويش البياتي
Supervisor name: عبد الله هزاع علي الشافعي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اشتملت هذا الباب على مقدمة البحث واهميته التي تجلت في : ان التقدم العلمي في المجال الرياضي كان له الاثر البالغ في تقارب الفرق من النواحي البدنية والمهارية والخططية، مما ادى الى ان تكون هنالك دراسات للنواحي النفسية والاجتماعية لما لها الاثر من الاهمية في | The importance of the study lies in the scientific development in the field of sports has a great effect on decreasing differences in physical, skill and tactical aspects of sports. In addition to that, this development led to a similar development in psychological and social studies that directly affect these aspects whether during training or competition. Social interaction plays an important role in deepening unity and team work among team members and to achieve better results in athletic competitions. The Problem of the study was in the lack of the players' social interaction which negatively affects their achievement in soccer. Because there is no scale for measuring this concept and to solve this problem the researcher aimed at building a social interaction scale for soccer players and he standardized it. The Aims of The Study : 1. Building social interaction scale and standardizing it on first class soccer player.The Procedures : The researcher used the experimental method. The researcher started with a pilot study and distributed an open inventory on nine experts in the field of sports sociology, social psychology, general sociology, tests, measurement and administration and management. Through the inventory seven fields of measurements were specified. Each of the seven fields was defined thus 73 items. The final form was given to 28 players to identify their clarity, the time, the suitability of form to the player's level and to identify the difficulties that might face the researcher when applying the test.The final form was applies on 210 players randomly selected from first class soccer clubs for the year 2009 - 2010. Social interaction scale was applied on them and after correcting the scale 191 form was suitable for statistical treatment. As a result, three items were omitted from the final scale.The discriminative strength of the items for the first style (41.35) - (13.16) and the second style (0.574) - (0.000). The items that have a (0.05) significance were accepted and five items were omitted leaving 65items suitable for social interaction.The reliability and validity of the test was proven and 7 major factors were concluded. Reliability was found using split - half method (0.912)and the percent of error was (0.121). The scale was standardized by identifying a standardizing subjects. The subjects were 370 player from many soccer clubs. The results showed that their t - values were (41.44) - (18.80) and he second (0.460) - 0.282) Conclusions & Recommendations : The researcher came up with many conclusions and ended up recommended the following : Recommendations : 1. Using this scale for diagnosing players that suffer from social detachment.2. Paying attention to studying the factors that affect social interaction and trying to reduce them due to their great negative effect on the level of social interaction. 3. Making training courses that allow players to express their feelings to be able to uplift their level of interaction among their teammates.4. Standardizing this scale on other clubs in Iraq as well as finding other criteria.5. Using this scale for similar studied on other forms of interaction.

تاثير تمرينات بدنية ـ مهارية خاصة على وفق بعـض المؤشرات البيوكينماتيكية في تطوير الانسيابية والنقل الحركي ودقة التصويب من القفز عاليا بكرة اليد == Effect of Special Corporal - Skilling Training According To Some Biochematic To Develop The Moving Transport, Streamline, And Handball High Jumping Shooting Accu

Author name: تماضر عبد المنعم عبد الحسين
Supervisor name: وداد كاظم مجيد الزهيري
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تناولت مشكلة البحث ظاهرة الاخطاء الحركية الكينماتيكية التي ترافق الاداء الفني المهاري للتصويب من القفز عاليا بكرة اليد والتي يرتكبها عدد من اللاعبين ولاسيما الناشئون وهذا ينعكس سلبا على ما هو مطلوب في شروط ميكانيكية مناسبة لهذا الاداء مما ينتج عنه ضعفا في | The research problem partaking of the analytical kinetic errors which followed the technical performance and skill for shoot by handball high jumping which done by players, especially youth, which have negative reflecting as suitable dynamic conditions for performance , which allowed such a weak in skill motion appearance like streamline and motion transport of the mechanical side. So , it should be selected active training means could develop the corporal and skill characteristics for youth according to real biomechanical conditions throughout applied programs vocabularies, and knowledge its effect on developing of motion transport and streams , in addition to the skill performance accuracy for handball high jump shooting. Research is aimed to : 1. Identification on the effect of special skill and corporal trainings according to some biochematic inductors to develop some corporal powers of (14 - 16) years of youth in handball game.2. Identification on the effect of special skill and corporal trainings according to some biochematic inductors to develop the streamline, motion transport and shooting accuracy of handball sample youth. Researcher is assuming : 1.There are statistical inductive differences between the pre and post tests results some corporal powers especially for high jumping skill of shooting of handball youth sample. 2.There are statistical inductive differences between the pre and post tests results at streamline inductor, motion transport and accuracy on high jumping shooting skill of handball youth sample. Research Fields Human Field Sport Al - Karkh club players (training centre at Al - Karkh) represented the late youth ages(14 - 16)years Time Field From 22 - 3 - 2010 till 15 - 5 - 2010 Spatial Field Internal hall of sport Al - Karkh club Second Gate : The researcher has partook to the meaning of corporal training - skill , concept of motion streamline , aspect of motion streamline, importance of motion transfer , measurement of motion transfer, kinds of motion transfer, handball shooting, handball high jump shooting accuracy.Third gate : Procedures of location research The researcher has used the training program because of suitable to the research nature , the study has procedure on sample of (6)players represented the late line of handball Karkh club youth (2009 - 2010). They chosen by intention way , because of measurements procedure done with homegounity (length, weight, age , training age). The pretest (test of explosion power of two legs, explosion power of two hands, distinguished power with two legs speed, shooting accuracy from high jump). Pre - video photographing (angle variables, speed variables, distances dimension variables, motion transfer induction , motion streamline induction). (6)trails were gave to player for shooting on goal then took a photograph for analysis. After statistical treatments for selected biochematical variables , obtaining on the data needed, which researcher could reached to location of weak and fault in players achievement , which effected on streamline and motion transfer for the elected skill performance for putting the suitable solutions through the training program which prepared according to the opinions of experts and specialists by using special skill corporal training , the program has continuous (8)weeks for (3)units weekly. Fourth gate : It contained on show and discussion the results which researcher has obtained , the data were collected and regulated in clear tables , then statistic treated for arriving to the final results to achieve the assumption of research. Fifth gate : Conclusion & Recommendations Researcher has partook in this gate to many conclusions , more important are as following : * The special skill corporal trainings led to develop the special abilities with high jump shooting accuracy skill(the explosion power of two legs and hands, distinguished power by legs speed)according to biochematic conditions used and to arise it gradually which give the results the clear induction. * Appearing an positive development in streamline, motion transfer and accuracy of shooting as result to special skill corporal trainings according to some biochematic inductions. - Researcher put many recommendation , more important as following : * Emphasis on using the training program containing on special skill corporal trainings , for what results explained of advancing the sample in special skill and to develop of handball high jump accuracy shooting.* Emphasis on using trainings program with special skill corporal according to some biochmatic variables which helped to develop the streamline and motion transfer , then develop the handball high jump accuracy shooting.

اثر بعض الوسائل المساعدة وفق بعض المتغيرات الكينماتيكية في دقة التصويب بنقطتين من الثبات بكرة السلة لمتحدي الاعاقة على الكراسي المتحركة == The Effect of Some Helping Devices According To Some of Kinematics Mutations In The Far Shooting Accuracy From Fixity In The Basket Ball Game. That For Theme Who Challenge The Astriction On The Moving Chairs

Author name: وليد خالد نوري السمرمد
Supervisor name: علي شبوط ابراهيم السوداني
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تطرقت مقدمة البحث الى التقدم الحاصل في الالعاب الرياضية الذي لم يات نتيجة الصدفة بل نتيجة اسهام علم التدريب الرياضي والعلوم التطبيقية الاخرى ومنها علم البايوميكانيك لاسهامه المباشر في دراسة الحركة وتحليلها ميكانيكيا للوصول بها الى الاداء الامثل من خلال ت | Wasn’t came by chance, but by the sharing of the athletic training science and the other applicative sciences. One of these sciences was biomechanics science which has share directly in the studying of movement and its mechanic analysation to get the perfect performance. Through appointing the power and faintness points. to get the best athletic achievement in less time and effort.The research has aimed to : *Know the individualism differences between the intertribal and dimensional tests. In the effect of using some of helping devices according to a kinematics changes.*Know the development rate between the intertribal and dimensional tests for the research sample.The research dictating : *There were differences which have a statistical denotation between the intertribal and dimensional tests.for the dimensional tests advantages in the studding charges for the research sample. *There is a development rate between the intertribal and dimensional tests.In the studying differences for the dimensional test advantage in the research sample(The research spheres )*Humanity sphere : The players of Babel team in basket ball for those who challenge the asriction.*Timely sphere : from / /2010 to / /2010.*Spatial sphere : Hamza Noory hall for the athletic games.Chapter tow : The theorem and similar studying : The theorem study contains : Astriction , movement astriction , the medical apportioning for the athletics asrtriction , basket ball game for the moving chairs , the basket ball main skills for the moving chairs , the offensive skills , the helping devices , the importance for the helping devices , the types of the helping devices, and accuracy.While the similar studying contains (Naeem Abdol_Hussain Al_Rubaiee studying_2005)and (Mohamed Abdul_Naby Al_Dulaime studying_2009)which have been discussed according to similarity and differences obverses. Chapter three : the research methodic and its median fiats.The researcher has chose the empirical approach with the style of one experiential group. While the research society has chosen by intently way from the players of middle Euphrates teams. to sharing on the middle Euphrates championship in basket ball game for those who challenge the astriction. while the research sample also chosen by intently way to choose one team from five. the number of the research sample was 7 players from 37 players. This number is contains (18,91%)from the research origin society. Chapter four : (showing the consequences , analyzing , and discussing it).In this chapter the researcher shows the result of the intertribal and dimensional tests for the research sample. Chapter five : conclusions and recommendations : The conclusions : 1_The importance of using a helping devices in the training of basket ball game for those who challenge the asriction.2_The developing in doing knuckles and body muscles leads to developing the skills.3_To see the aim clearly help us in appointing a fit moving program for performance.4_The using of the helping devices help us in developing the muscular feeling for the shooting hand.The recommendations : 1_Depending on the result of this studying in exercising the players of basket ball game for those who challenge the astiction.2_Having the needful prerequisites for the training pragmatism which are accepted in the higher performance requisites.3_Not to depend on the devices of the inflection corner.4_Depending on the devices that used in this study in the training of the basket ball players who are challenge the astriction.
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