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مهارات التفكير المنطقي المتضمنة في كتب الحاسوب للمرحلة المتوسطة == Logical Thinking Skills Contained In The Computer'S Books For Intermediate Stage

Author name: هالة محمد عبد
Supervisor name: فاطمة عبد الامير عبد الرضا الفتلاوي
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: معرفة مدى تضمين مهارات التفكير المنطقي في محتوى كتب الحاسوب للمرحلة المتوسطة, ومن اجل تحقيق هذا الهدف استعملت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي التحليلي لملاءمته لطبيعة هدف البحث، متبعة الخطوات الاتية : 1. قامت الباحثة باستطلاع اراء مدرسين ومدرسات مادة الحاسوب حول مش | Find out how to include logical thinking skills for Computer books content of the intermediate stage.In order to achieve this goal, the researcher used the descriptive and analytical approach suits the nature of the objective of this research, following these steps : 1. The researcher surveyed the opinions teachers of computer (female and male) about the research problem through their discussion and provides an exploratory questionnaire to confirm the inclusion of logical thinking skills in The content of the curriculum for computer book for grades (I,II) of the intermediate stage.2. To achieve the goal of research, the researcher prepared Search Tool (classification table) by the adoption of a list of the logical thinking skills after a review of the literatures and previous studies on logical thinking skills and studies on textbook content analysis, were presented to a group of arbitrators and specialists in curriculum and teaching methods and psychology , computer science and the measurement and evaluation, and some specialists from the Iraqi Ministry of Education / Department of computer curriculum, to see their appropriateness for the purpose for which it was developed.3. The researcher has analyzed The content of the curriculum for computer book for grades (I, II) of the intermediate stage and has adopted on the explicit and implicit idea as a unit of recording, and duplicates as a unit for the census.4. It was confirmed the validity of the analysis, by showing sample of analysis The content of the curriculum for computer book for grades (I, II) of the intermediate stage according to logical thinking skills on the arbitrators where they have agreed on the validity of the analysis.5. use of Holsti equation which has been computed the stability analysis by agreement between external analysts and with the researcher itself over time. ?The results showed the use of frequencies and percentages of the following conclusions : 1. Content of Computer books in intermediate stage came for level positive for proportions to include it logical thinking skills when compared with the proportions of Arbitrators.2. The content of the curriculum for computer book for grades (I, II) of the intermediate stage focused on the skills (experimentation, observation, retrieval and identification characteristics).3. Less attention to the skills of (comparison, determine the relations, research, construction, installation, conclusion and proof) where it came a few percentages.4. Negligence Computer's books content of the curriculum for computer book for grades (I, II) of the intermediate stage of the skills (wording of questions, forecasting and identification of errors). ?In light of the search results researcher recommends the following : 1. Taking into accounts the balance in ratios skills of logical thinking content of the curriculum for computer book for grades (I, II) of the intermediate stage in order not to overshadow skill on the other skills.2. Give more attention to the skills of logical thinking, particularly those that received little attention such as skills : comparison, identification of relations, research, installation, conclusion and the proof.3. Attention to the skills that have been neglected and work to be included in Computer books of intermediate stage such as skills for the formulation of questions, forecasting and to identify the content of errors.4. Hold training courses for teachers of computer (female and male) through which to increase their awareness of the importance of the analysis of computer subject that studied according to logical thinking skills, and then train them to develop these skills among students, to being one of the goals of teaching computer subject for all levels of education.?The researcher suggested several proposals for subsequent research
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استخدام اسلوبي التدريبي والتبادلي وتاثيرهما في تطوير بعض القدرات البدنية والمهارات الاساسية للطالبات بكرة القدم للصالات

Author name: هاله سنان محمدعلي العطية
Supervisor name: ماهر محمد عواد العامري
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: نظرا لاتساع انتشار لعبة كرة قدم الصالات للاناث في كليات التربية الرياضية خلال السنوات القليلة الماضية، ومن خلال متابعة الباحثة للمستويات الرياضية للطالبات داخل كليات التربية الرياضية وخارجها للعبة كونها لاعبة سابقة وحكم محلي، لاحظت ان مستوى الطالبات في ال
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اثر التدريس بانموذج Stepanz في تحصيل طالبات الصف الرابع العلمي لمادة الكيمياء وتفكيرهن التحليلي == The Effect Of Teaching By Stepanz Model On The Achievement And Analytic Thinking Of Fourth Scientific Females Grades In Chemistry Subject Matter

Author name: هافانا رافع نعمان البياتي
Supervisor name: بتول محمد جاسم الدايني
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The research aimed to find out the effect of teaching by Stepanz model on the achievement and analytic thinking of fourth Scientific females grades In Chemistry Subject and to prove the aim of the research the following two null hypotheses were formed.1 - There has been no difference of statistic evidence in the level (0.05) between the average degrees of the students of the experimental group who studied by using Stepanz model and the average degrees of the students of the control group who studied by the conventional method in the achievement test.2 - There has been no difference of statistic evidence in the level (0.05) between the average degrees of the students of the experimental group who studied by using Stepanz model and the average degrees of the students of the control group who studied by the conventional method in the analytical thinking test.The present research community was represented by the fourth grade students, scientific branch in secondary and preparatory public schools run by Baghdad directorate of education. Risafa/1 for the studies year 2014 - 2015 and by the random choice, Nazik Al - Malaka preparatory was chosen as a sample of the present research from among schools community.The school contained two classes A and B , and (7) students who failed were excluded, (5) students in class - A - and (2) students in class - B - The number of the sample was (59) students, (29) students in class B for the experimental group who study chemistry according to Stepanz model and (30) students. Class - A - for the control group who study chemistry following the conventional methodThe experiment was applied in the first term, for the studies year 2014 - 2015 and continued for (11) weeks.The research, herself, taught the two groups, (3) periods a week depending on the experimental design for both groups (the experimental and control) each one controls the other a partial control.From the dimensional test in achievement and the analytical thinking.The two groups (the experimental and the control) were in parity in number of varieties including (the marks of the previous year in chemistry, intelligence and analytical thinking test).The content of the present research was limited with the first three chapters of the chemistry book. The number of behavior purposes were (200) purposes. According to Bloom`s taxonomy : (Knoledge,comprehension,application,analysis,syntheses and valuation).besides,(31)daily teaching plans were prepared for the experimental group according to Stepanz model and the same for the control group according to the conventional method. To prove the first aim an achievement test consisting of (42) items, (39) objective items in multiple choice test of four alternative and three short answer essays. The validity of the virtual test was verified with the content through counting the stability the items of the pans test. The result is (0.83) after applying the equation of alpha Cronbach's and the equation of Kuder Richardson (20) for the objective items which has reached to (0.96) in addition to checking the psychometric characteristics for the itms of the test.For the verification of the second aim, the analytical thinking test was prepared which consisted of (24) objective items of four multiple choices about the skills of analytical thinking. They are : observation, errors identification, predication/expectation, cause - effect identification, criteria building. Arranging and listing the priorities and doing the series, identifying patterns and the relations (comparison and matching).The virtual test and the building were verified through checking the stability of the objective items test; it reached (0.09) after applying the equation of Kuder Richardson (20) besides checking the psychometric characteristics for the itms of the test. After the experimental was over, the achievement test and the analytical thinking were applied on the sample research students (the experimental and the control) and the data was statistically. Ctreated following the second test (t - test) for independent samples not equal in number. The results should the superiority the students of the experimental group over the control group in both analytical thinking test and the achievement test and in a high level, and accordingly, the researcher recommends using the Stepanz model in teaching chemistry, and suggests making other studies for other different subjects and for other stages to be familiar with the effect of Stepanz model in achievement and analytical thinking.
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تقويم مستوى تحصيل طلبة كليات التربية في مادة التاريخ الاندلسي للمفاهيم التاريخية == Rectifying Level Of Education College Students Understanding In Andalus History 'S Historic Concepts

Author name: هادي سالم صبيح الربيعي
Supervisor name: حيدر خزعل نزال الخزرجي
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Methods of Teaching History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف هذا البحث الى : - تقويم مستوى تحصيل طلبة كليات التربية في مادة التاريخ الاندلسي للمفاهيم التاريخية.ولتحقيق هدف البحث وضع الباحث الفرضيتين الاتيتين : 1. لا توجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0.05) بين مستويات التحصيل للعينة في الاختبار التحص | The current research aims to : - Rectifying Education College Students 's understanding in Anduls History 's historical conceptions. In order to carry out goal of the research , the researcher has placed the following hypotheses : 1 - There are not statistically differences among sample 's level tests according to gender variable at level (0.05). 2 - There are not statistically differences among sample 's level tests according to University variable at level (0.05). The researcher has followed up ( full season) the research sample chosen randomly from the four universities (Baghdad, Al - Mustansiriyah, Babil, Karbala)). The sample of the research amounted to 177 male and female students from second stage - history departments - colleges of education ( from aforesaid universities) , where males amounted to 94 male students and (83) female students. The scientific subject has been defined , where all students study Andalus history according to the text , carrying the title " lectures in the history of Morocco and Abduls. The researcher has prepared 100 behavior goals including three levels ( remember, understanding , application). The researcher has prepared understanding test composing of 60 items. The latter has been confirmed inconsistency and reliance after being exposed to a set of experts. The test has been applied on a sample derived from four universities as from 7/5/2014 to 13/5/2014.After results of test concluded, the researcher has statistically dealt with them, using a number of statistic means. In the light of that , the researcher has concluded the following : 1 - The university students have information about the subject of history ( Anduls history).2 - There is not statistically difference between average of male and female students. 3 - There is not statistically difference among four universities. The researcher has concluded : 1 - Students of university have historic information about the subject of history of Andalus , but they need to rectifying their information in order to know what information they have. 2 - Following - up of what students have information has no difference between male and female students.3 - Methods of studying has a huge effect on students to assimilate the subject of history. 4 - It is necessary to exert efforts by teachers to follow up their students as to scale the need to increase hours a to assimilate their understanding. 5 - Studying historic concepts helps increase understanding in history subject.In the light of conclusions, the researcher recommends as follows : 1 - Making Teachers acquaint with the scale of students ' understanding during studying year.2 - Training the teachers on how to scale level of their students understanding in comparison with the previous years in order to know to extent they achieve progress. 3 - Concerning with studying historic concepts since they are represented as a basic element of cognition structure and helps the university students form historic culture from which they get benefit.4 - Following - up Teachers who have been required to provide real statistics about their students. 5 - Entering scale of students ' level of understanding within annual schedule of teachers. In to complete the research , the researcher suggests making studies identical to the present study : 1 - Rectifying students' understanding level in other historic concepts rather than Andalus concepts (students of college of education ). 2 - Rectifying students understanding level for other stages. 3 - Studying other studying subjects either be preliminary or university. 4 - Making identical Study for other studying stages , in addition to scale of understanding level
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اثر استراتيجية التعلم التعاوني والوثائق التاريخية في تحصيل مادة التاريخ عند طالبات معهد اعداد المعلمات == The Effective Cooperative Learning Strategy And The Historical Documents In The Acquisition Of History Subject For Students Of Teachers Training Institutes

Author name: هاجر عبد الدايم مهدي الحميري
Supervisor name: شاكر جاسم محمد العبيدي
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Methods of Teaching History
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: كان هدف البحث الحالي التعرف على اثر استراتيجية التعلم التعاوني والوثائق التاريخية في تحصيل طالبات معهد اعداد المعلمات في مادة التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر للبلاد العربية وتحدد البحث الحالي بـ : 1. معهد اعداد المعلمات الصباحي/ البياع.2. طالبات الصف الثالث، الف | Find a problem identified the following points : 1. Lack of history teachers use strategies and methods and modern methods of teaching, including cooperative learning strategy and historical documents. 2. Weakness of teaching methods in the traditional collection and increase reliance on conservation and indoctrination. 3. Lack of active participation or interaction between the teacher and when requested by the use of traditional methods and techniques in teaching. Based on the foregoing lies the importance of current research, including the following : 1. The use of cooperative learning strategy and historical documents and apply them to see their impact in the collection of third - grade students of the Institute of preparation parameters. 2. Possible for this study should stimulate researchers to conduct a number of future studies to address the subject from another angle to open new horizons in the study of other variables related to cooperative learning strategies and non - collection of historical documents. 3. One attempts to overcome the disadvantages of methods and techniques of traditional teaching of history and keep pace with the modern trends in education in the use of modern methods and strategies for teaching in the educational process. 4. Novelty of the subject by science researcher as there is no previous study addressed the cooperative learning and historical documents as independent variables, and the goal of current research to identify the impact of cooperative learning strategy and historical documents in the collection of students of the Institute of setting the parameters in the material Modern and Contemporary History of the Arab countries and identifies current research : 1. Institute of preparation parameters / Alarm Bayaa. 2. Students of the third grade, the first semester of the academic year 2013/2014 from the Book of Modern and Contemporary History of the Arab countries to be taught by the Ministry of Education Edition 2013, and adopted the researcher experimental design with a control partial to both the two experimental groups and the control group a post test. The sample of the research has identified the researcher three people to be three groups of experimental and control group, and reached its final form (60) student by (20) students per group, and were rewarded with three groups statistically in variables such as chronological age and grades of students for the past year in history and educational attainment of the parents and the achievement test posttest, and the researcher also formulate behavioral objectives and the number (69) target behaviorally. And got historical documents relating to the teaching of the second experimental group promised lesson plans and achievement test posttest where researcher prepared achievement test in light of the behavioral objectives and content of scientific material consisted of (50) paragraph test of multiple choice and make sure sincerity and firmness, was calculated reliability coefficient way retail The midterm was (0.75), and corrected equation Spearman - Brown (Spearman - Brown), amounting to (0.82), which is good for the reliability coefficient test unregulated paragraphs have been analyzed by extracting the level of difficulty and discriminatory paragraph per paragraph. The trial began on Sunday, 11.03.2013 and lasted for 6 weeks, and ended on Sunday, 12/15/2013, the researcher has studied three groups after the end of the duration of the experiment were applied to the test sample reconnaissance on Tuesday, 17/12/2013, and then applied dimensional learning test on the research groups of the three on Sunday, 12/22/2013, and after analyzing the results of answers the students and treated statistically using the test samples t for two independent samples turned out the existence of differences with statistical significance between the average score for the achievement of the students research groups three and interest of students first experimental group that studied the material historical strategy of collaborative learning on the second experimental group and the control group, and in the light of the results presented the researcher's conclusions and recommendations and proposals
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صعوبات تدريس مادة اللغة العربية في المرحلة الاعدادية في اقليم كوردستان من وجهة نظر المدرسين والطلبة

Author name: نورهان مصطفى عبد الرحمن مالك
Supervisor name: قصي عبد العباس حسن الابيض
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
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اثر انموذج كارول في تحصيل طالبات الصف الثاني المتوسط في مادة الجغرافية == The Effect Of Caroll’S Pattern On The Second Intermediate Class Pupils' Achievement In Geography

Author name: نورس محمد حسين
Supervisor name: عائدة مخلف مهدي
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف البحث الحالي الى تعرف ( اثر انموذج كارول في تحصيل طالبات الصف الثاني المتوسط في مادة الجغرافية) , ولتحقيق هدف البحث فقد وضعت الباحثة الفرضية الصفرية الاتية : لايوجد هناك فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى دلالة (0,05) بين متوسط درجات طالبات مجموعتي البحث | The present study aims at finding out the effect of the Carol’s pattern on the second intermediate class pupils' achievement in geography. For verifying this aim the following null hypotheses has set : There are no statistically significant differences between the mean of the scores of experimental group who is taught by using the Carol’s pattern and the mean of the scores of control group who is taught by using traditional method in their achievement in geography.The partial experimental design of two groups, experimental and control, with pre - post tests is used. The sample is represented in (74) female pupils. The sample is divided into two groups (38) experimental group and (36) control one. The sample is selected from first intermediate class pupils ( Am Salama Secondary School for girls) \ Baghdad\ Al - karkh - 1, for academic year 2015 - 2016.The researcher has equalized the two groups in several variables : the previous achievement tests, intelligence, age in months, the scores of geography test of first course. She has also selected the third and fourth chapters and section two from the geography of Arab homeland textbook (2016) as a material to be taught. The researcher has put (155) instructional according to the Bloom Taxonomy, the first three levels (knowledge, understanding and applying). The study tool is an achievement test of 40 multiple choices items. The test is constructed by the researcher and ensured its validity and reliability. The two independent samples t - test is used to find out the results which show that there are statistically significant differences in the mean scores of the two groups in favor of experimental group. According to
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اثر استراتيجية الرؤوس المرقمة في تحصيل طالبات الصف الثاني المتوسط في مادة التاريخ == The Impact Of Strategy Numbered Heeads In The Collection Of Second Grad Students At The In History

Author name: نورة خالد جهاد
Supervisor name: احمد هاشم محمد العميري
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Methods of Teaching History
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على" اثر استراتيجية الرؤوس المرقمة في تحصيل طالبات الصف الثاني المتوسط في مادة التاريخ ". ولتحقيق ذلك افترضت الباحثة انه ليس هناك فرق ذو دلالة احصائية بين متوسط درجات تحصيل طالبات المجموعة التجريبية اللائي يدرسن مادة التاريخ ا | The current research aims to identify the " impact of strategic warheads numbered( NHT) in the collection average second grade students in the article of history). " To achieve this, I assumed the researcher that there is no different between the statistically significant the average score for the collection of experimental group who teaches the Arab Islamic history on and a strategic warheads numbered and the average score for the collection of the control group who were studying the same article according to the classic method ( traditional ). The study sample consisted of 64 students from the second grade average in the secondary warka bin nawfal in the general Directorate for education first karkh in Baghdad for the annual cources 2015 - 2016 and distributed the sample into two groups by (32) a student of the experimental group and the same for the controled group.the researcher Conducted parity between the two sets of search in several variables are : ( chronological age is measured by months - educational attainment of the parents - , the final test in the first course degree Arab the Islamic history , degrees previouse knowledge - and Intelligence measured) , the researcher taught two groups themselves , Division (B) represent the experimental group that studied the use of strategic warheads Division and numbered (A) represent the controled group , who studied in the traditional way and the experiment took (two months) as in began on thursday (2/18/ 2016 ) pm and ended on thursday (4/21/2016 ) m , and the study (included fourth and fifth Chapter) of the Book of the - Islamic history for the second grade average and then the researcher drafted behavioral objectives numbered (95) goal in the inclouding of the overall objectives of the material and course content , and requests the goal of research preparation achievement test type multiple - choice It consisted of (50) items ((Multiple Choice Tests)) has been checked sincerity virtual submitting it to a group of expers specialists in history the method of study and the measure and evaluation , and researcher used the following statistical methods (t - test for two independent samples and chi - square, and the pearson correlation coefficient to calculate the stability of the test , coefficient of difficulty and strength discriminatory and the effective of the alternatives), applied researcher dimensional learning test on the experimental group and the controlled group , and the data were analyzed statistically using a t - test for two independent samples and the results showed : - There is a difference statistically significant at the level ( 0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students and average grades students in the control group posttest achievement test for the experimental group.The researcher came up according to the results several of recommendations, and suggestions are set forwared
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الاختبارات المهارية المقننة كوسيلة لاستبعاد الشرود الذهني وتاثيرها في تعلم بعض المهارات الاساسية بكرة اليد == Using The Standardized Testing Skills As A Tool For Avoiding Distraction And Its Effect To Learning Some Basic Skills In Handball

Author name: نور رائد عبد الكريم
Supervisor name: نبيل عبد الوهاب احمد العزاوي
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الاختبارات المهارية المقننة كوسيلة لاستبعاد الشرود الذهني وتاثيرها في تعلم بعض المهارات الاساسية بكرة اليداشتملت الرسالة على اربعة فصول هي : الفصل الاول : مشكلة البحث : - من خلال عمل الباحثة محاضرة بمدارس المتوسطة لمادة التربية الرياضية ومن ضمنها لعبة ك | The thesis is composed of four chapters;Chapter one The problem of the research : through the working of the researcher as lecturer in intermediate school including handball game ,the researcher has found out that lessons are unable to attract the students’attention , so the process of obsession is small one. This is because the lesson is boring and doesn’t have competitive motivation and presents the desire and increases the attention and these qualities against distraction. The researcher suggests that the using of standardized and skillful tests of handball game leads to learn some skills of handball game and exclude the distraction and motivates the lesson by using the tests as method words in the lesson and all its parts to take out the lesson and gets the obsession of the studentsThe importance of the research : The researcher explains the importance o integrating the graduated competence exercises designed for the game of handball into the lesson as a method to eliminate distraction, which has a big effect on learning and achieving the goals of the learning process.The aims of the research : 1 - The research aims to place teaching plans utilizing the graduated competency exercises to eliminate distraction.2 - Explore the effect of graduated competency exercises on learning the basic skills of the game of handball3 - Explore the effect of graduated competency exercises on eliminating distraction.The theory of the research : 1 - There is a significant statistical difference between the pre and post testing of competence 1 and distraction levels for both the experimental and the control groups in favor of post testing.2 - There is a significant statistical difference between the results of the pre and post competence testing for the experimental and control groups in favor of the experimental group.3 - There is a significant statistical difference between the experimental and control groups in the results of the post intervention level of distraction in favor of the experimental group. The scopes of the research : The population : Second year intermediate school students between the ages of 13 and 14.Timeframe : The first semester of the 2012 - 2013 school year.Location : The outside school yard of al - sharquia secondary school for girls.Chapter two : BackgroundThis chapter contains the theoretical background regarding, the concept of graduated competence exercise, distraction, teaching and learning methods as well as the researcher presents the definition of the handball and its basic skills than it presents three previous studies.Chapter three : Methods This part presents the research methods and its procedural was made up of a sample of second year intermediate school students from Al - sharquia secondary school55 students were chosen randomly and randomized to two learning units The experimental unit received a 10 week program consisting of 20 learning units given 2 units a week. Each learning unit was 45 minutes for a total of 90 minutes a week.The researcher presents in this chapter the most important of the methods of the research, tools and the procedures taken to determine the most important basic skills. The researcher also describes how the research was conducted,, the research conditions for the tests and the prospective experiment. The researcher then extracted the truth, facts and objectives and clarified the experiment and the statistical methods.Chapter fourThis chapter has showed the results by using the statistical means. The researcher has analyzed the results and its discussion which show that there are spiritual differences between the experimental and control groups in pre and post tests.This chapter also include the conclusion and recommendations which are : 1 - The conclusions the stander skillful tests have a great effect on exclusion of distraction and learning some basic skills in handball.This leads to develop the level of the skillful performance of the experimental group.2 - The experimental group who were taught according to standardize and skillful test by stages method has got on learning basic skill in handball.2 - recommendations : 1 - Making identical studies on other samples and comparing the results with the result of this study.2 - urging the teachers on using the standardized and skillful tests because they have a great effect in learning some basic skills in handball.
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التمثيل المعرفي وعلاقته بالاداء التنظيمي لمعلمات رياض الاطفال

Author name: نور خضير راشد الساعدي
Supervisor name: الطاف ياسين خضر الراوي
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Kindergarten
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تتخذ المعلمة مكانة رئيسة في النظام التعليمي والتربوي وتعد المحور الرئيس في العملية التعليمية وهي المسؤول الاول والاخيرعن انجاز وتحقيق الاهداف وتعد المثل الاعلى بالنسبة للاطفال وكل هذا يتطلب ان تكون المعلمة ذات مستوى من الفهم والادراك والمعلومات و| The teacher plays a very important and effective role in the educational process and teaching. He is the first and primary responsibility regarding perform and achieve goals. He is an ideal example for children, therefore, it requires that the teacher has to be characterized by good level of understanding and cognition, and should also be aware of all the new developments that occur in the reality of the life, and he is able to exploit their mental abilities, skills and information in the course of the educational process. Also the teacher performs various functions which are not limited to the tasks of education, to explain scientific subjects, provide clarifications and makes training children, but found him besides all that, designed the class, determines the duties, evaluates children's activities and taking the role of the mother which is considered as an ideal model for children. The teacher is also considered one of the most important elements of production for any institution or organization, and all that has regard to knowledge, information, ideas and skills are all elements that are affecting their performance and progress achieved in the institution and organization, as the importance of the human factor rose to the rest of the other elements of the institution. The importance of the study lies in the support, organization and storage, transfer and sharing of intellectual resources, knowledge, information and its impact on the functioning of the organization. The importance of systematic operation of the teacher in preschool reflects the magnitude of their success or failure in the institution, knowing the possibilities and achieving the goals of the institution, and measuring the availability or possession of knowledge representation that He has a preschool teacher, and their reflection in the course of performance of his career.The problem with this study is based on the following question : (Is there any relationship between cognitive performance and the functioning of the organization of a master at work in preschool?).The importance of the issue of representation of knowledge and the performance of the organization, the researcher has built parameter of a knowledge representation and one for organizational performance. The research has not found any study that examined the cognitive representation and their relationship to the operation of the organization to preschool teachers, which has been a reason to encourage researcher to conduct this study.The study aims to measure : 1. Cognitive representation in preschool teachers.2. Cognitive representation in flowerpots according preschool class (private or public) preschool3. The cognitive representation in preschool teachers according to years of service.4. The cognitive representation in the preschool teachers as (married or not)5. The organizational functioning of preschool teachers.6. The organizational functioning of preschool teachers by class (private or public) preschool7. The organizational functioning of preschool teachers by years of service.8. The organizational functioning of preschool teachers as being (married or not)9. The relationship between cognitive performance and the functioning of preschool teachers.The study is limited to the teachers of public and private preschool for the academic year (2015 - 2016). To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher has built a parameter of a cognitive representation and functioning of the organization in accordance with the scientific steps to build the psychological parameters. After writing paragraphs of cognitive representation are (43) items, the researcher has be sure the sincerity of the parameter by presentation to a group of experts has checked the validity after making some modifications, therefore, their they became articles (39), and the researcher has deleted (3) items parameter of cognitive representation anonymity. Regarding the other items were found that are identified and statistically significant, so the final version of the parameter have (36) items and alternatives (I applied much, I applied sometimes, I does not apply to me), and scales (1, 2, 3). The researcher has established a relationship grades paragraphs with the total degree, and confirmed the stability parameter mode by repeating the test. The achieved stability coefficient (0.88) and this suggests that the stability coefficient is good. In addition to applying the equation Alfakrenbak, and it turned out that the stability coefficient is equivalent to (0, 79), this indicates good stability. The researcher has verified the authenticity of organizational performance parameter after writing your articles that are (49). He was introduced to a group of experts who have demonstrated their effectiveness after making some modifications, the number of items reached (44), statistically analyzing their items according to the identifying force, has shown that (1) the parameter operation organization is not characteristic, while the rest of the items were distinctive and statistically significant. The parameter in its final form was formed (43) articles and three alternatives that are (I applies to me a lot, applies to me sometimes, I don't apply to me), with scales (1, 2, 3). We have also found a relation of the article with the total degree. I confirmed the stability parameter through the repeat mode of the test. The scope stability coefficient (0. 89) which is a good ratio. In addition to applying the equation Alfakrenbak that the stability coefficient range (0.85), this indicates that the stability coefficient is good. The parameter to a sample of (300) preschool teachers both private and public who were chosen in a simple casually applied, research have concluded the following results : 1. Preschool teachers have a cognitive representation.2. There are statistically significant differences between the public and private preschool respect to the change of cognitive representation in the public preschool.3. There is no statistically significant difference between preschool teachers who are (married or unmarried) regarding the change of cognitive representation.4. No statistically significant differences in cognitive representation that are based on years of service.5. Preschool teachers have organizational performance.6. There are significant differences between preschool teachers in the functioning of the organization that are based on years of service.7. There is a statistically significant difference for preschool teachers in organizational performance by type of preschool (public or private).8. There are no significant differences between teachers of preschool teachers as to be (married or unmarried).9. There is a positive correlation between cognitive performance and the functioning of the organization for preschool teachers.And after all that, he researcher presented a set of recommendations and proposals.
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ضغوط العمل وعلاقتها بالعلاقات الانسانية على وفق انموذج جيتزلز لمديري المدارس المتوسطة

Author name: نور حميد اسماعيل الربيعي
Supervisor name: سامي عبد الفتاح رؤوف الدوري
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Educational Administration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد المدرسة المتوسطة من اهم المؤسسات التربوية التي تعنى بتربية الانسان ومساعدته في النمو في جميع جوانب شخصيته الجسمية والعقلية والنفسية والروحية والاجتماعية الى اعلى درجة ممكنة في النمو وفقا لقدراته واستعداداته وميوله واتجاهاته لان فيها اخطر مرحلة عمرية
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دراسة تحليلية للاختبارات النهائية (الوزارية) للصف السادس العلمي في ضوء معايير الجودة العالمية في مادة الرياضيات == An Analytical Study For Final Exams (Ministerial) Of Sixth Scientific Grade In The Light Of International Quality Standards In Mathematics

Author name: نهى محمد جياد
Supervisor name: عباس ناجي عبد الامير المشهداني
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تمثل المرحلة الاعدادية الحلقة الوسطى بين التعليم الاساسي والتعليم العالي , وهي مرحلة مهمة وحاسمة للمتعلمين , اذ يفترض ان يعد الطلبة اعدادا شاملا متكاملا مزودا بالمعلومات الاساسية والمهارات والاتجاهات التي تنمي شخصيتهم من جوانبها المعرفية , والنفسية , | The secondary stage represents the connector between the basic and higher education, and is an important and decisive stage for learners, where student numbers is a comprehensive and integrated with basic information and skills and trends that develop cognitive aspects of personality, and psychological, social, mental, and physical. The tests aim to diagnose the points of strength and weakness of each student, which infers the remedial action in addressing the imbalance among some students in acquiring skills, and a good way to develop the educational process, and stimulate the learner for the stimulus a cornerstone of the success of the instructional process.. The aim of the study is to analyze the final tests (ministerial) for sixth scientific grade in mathematics according to international quality standards of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics in the United States (N.C.T.M). The study is limited by questions in Mathematics tests for sixth scientific grade for the six years (2008 - 2009 - 2010 - 2011 - 2012 - 2013) for the first , second , and third attempts, the sample consisted of (15) examination sheets of paper, (6) sheets of paper for the first attempt, other (6) for the second attempt, and (3) sheets of paper for the third attempt of the school years (2009 - 2010 and 2011 - 2012 and 2012 - 2013), to achieve the objective of the study, the researcher used the descriptive, analytical method, and a tool is used and represented by the international quality standards of the National Council Teachers of Mathematics (N.C.T.M.) which included (11) standards and other (55) sub standards , then the validity of tool submitted to a jury of experts has been ensured by using equivalent honesty is coefficient of agreement, and in accordance with their opinions have been adopted by agreement (80%) and more to keep the standard and its viability, as well as ensure reliability of the analysis using. equation of Holsti where researcher use the whole sample, and it is analyzed with a time lag of 14 days, in order to find the equivalence of the researcher with herself which was (0.90), as well as finding out the reliability with two of the analyzers, working separately. The first was between the researcher and the first analyzer reaches to (0.85), and between the researcher and the second analyzer reaches to (0.88). Either way, the researcher has used statistical tools occurrences and the percentage and equation of validity to calculate coefficient of agreement on items of the tool and equation of Holsti to find the reliability of analysis. The study found that there is no attention paid towards world standards related with the final (ministerial) tests for sixth scientific grade in Iraq. In comparison with world standards the level achieved in the tests for the (sample) is (weak), in measuring the hypothetical mean that is limited in dependence views made by the judges.. In the light of the results of research, the researcher has developed a series of recommendations including : Exchange of experiences in the field of building standards developed final tests (ministerial) between Iraq and the countries of the world advanced educational and Arab State , and Make an evaluation and assessment process for the standards periodically by the competent authorities , and The provision of material and human resources to develop the exams by the Ministry of education - General Directorate of examinations , and The involvement of specialists of both measurement and evaluation of questions that do not limited to one group. The researcher has proposed the following suggestions, as a complement for the study : 1. A study to identify the difficulties facing the makers or designers of final exams (ministerial) in the Ministry of Education. 2. A similar study for the current study for final exams (ministerial) for other grades in mathematics and and in a variety of subjects.
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عشبة الاشنان Seidlitzia rosmarinus واستعمالها مادة منظفة للخامات النسيجية == Seidlitzia Rosmarinus And The Possibility Of Using It As A Textile Raw Detergent

Author name: نهلة مهدي كامل مغير الدليمي
Supervisor name: بشرى فاضل صالح التميمي
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Chapter One : Research Introduction Chapter one includes the research problem in which the researcher mentions the chemical detergents and the healthy and environmental damages that caused by their use, as well as, being sold randomly without supervision.However, many housewives intend to use profusely these detergents especially with the prevalence of automatic washing machine which made the washing process easier and faster. Additionally, dirty and splatter clothes that are resulted from the daily activities, such as foods and drinks is one of the problems that the housewives are faced. Therefore, some of those housewives who have suffered from allergy and skin problems encounter a difficulty to remove these splatter because of the dangerous effect of the chemical detergents on their health. Accordingly, the research problem involved in the following questions : 1 - Is it possible to find healthy and environmental safe detergents which have the same or similar effect of detergents?2 - How effective is the use of Seidlitzia Rosmarinus in the raw Textile cleaning process?The Importance of the Research Lies in : 1 - A paucity of studies that are conducted about the Seidlitzia Rosmarinus quality as a detergent and its effectiveness in the cleaning process and stains removal.2 - Using human and environmental friendly detergents which are characterized by their healthy and environmental positive effects.Objectives of the Study : 1 - Using Seidlitzia Rosmarinus in the cleaning process and stains removal with the natural and industrial raw Textile materials.2 - Comparing the effectiveness of Seidlitzia Rosmarinus in the cleaning process among : A - Types of stains under consideration.B - Types of raw materials under consideration.This chapter includes also the limitations of the study and identifying the terms.Chapter Two : Theoretical Background and Previous Studies This chapter includes the theoretical background and discussing the previous studies. The theoretical background includes five fields : 1 - Seidlitzia Rosmarinus, the general description of the plant, its types, its environment and its importance.2 - Detergents and their effects.3 - Environment, its pollution and the means of its preservation.4 - Raw Textiles, their features, their disadvantages and ways to take care of them.5 - Spots, their definition and the special conditions to remove them.Chapter Three : This chapter includes the research sample and its procedures. The sample consists of : 1 - Seidlitzia Rosmarinus.2 - Eight types of introduced spots (Coffee, Tea, Blood, Broth, Juice, the Cooking Oil, Ink and lipstick).3 - Four types of raw Textiles (colored Cotton, white Cotton, colored Woolen and colored Polyester).4 - Six ways of cleaning with Seidlitzia Rosmarinus in several cases.These methods were applied to (196) models of raw Textiles under consideration after introduced the spots that previously mentioned on them. This work lasted for three months; it is started from 12/2015 to 3/2016. The laboratory tests were conducted on the samples to measure (the percentage of removing the spots), (the percentage of the color changing), (the percentage of durability (Cutting force)) of the mentioned raw Textiles. This chapter also includes the appropriate statistical methods to achieve the objectives of the research.Chapter Four : This chapter involves showing the results of the laboratory tests on samples which has been compiled in a set of tables and discussed scientifically and accurately.The most important results achieved are : 1 - Seidlitzia Rosmarinus is a detergent and stain - removing material for natural and artificial raw Textiles and it is an environmental and healthy safe detergent.2 - The first grade includes the coffee and broth spots which were removed faster and less in time than other spots, followed by Tea and Juice spots in the second grade. Then, Lipstick, blood and Ink come in the third grade, while the Oil spots were less affected and removed with Seidlitzia Rosmarinus, it took more time and the raw Textiles were retaining with their color and durability after using the Seidlitzia Rosmarinus.3 - The coloring cotton textures were in the first grade in terms of the percentage of removing spot. The Polyester raw comes in the second grade, wool raw in the third grade, while the white cotton raw comes in the fourth and final grade without changing in color and durability. This proved that the Seidlitzia Rosmarinus is environmental and healthy a safe detergent. It is a high efficiency removal spots and it has no effect on the raw material properties.Note : After presenting the results of the research we reached the conclusions, recommendations and suggestions of the research.
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اثر استخدام الالعاب في تحصيل التلاميذ في التلفظ والتهجئة == The Effect Of Using Games On Pupils’ Achievement In Pronunciation And Spelling

Author name: نرمين محمود محمد الجاف
Supervisor name: ضحى عطا الله حسن القره غولي | عبد الجليل جاسم هيجل
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تؤدي الالعاب اللغوية دورا مهما في عملية التعليم والتعلم لكونها تسهل مواقف تعلم اللغة وتوفر مدخلات مفهومة وتمكن التلاميذ من التعلم لاشعوريا بشكل يرتبط بالمتعة والمرح في جو غير رسمي يجعلهم يشاركون في استخدام اللغة الاجنبية دون قيود. اضافة ا | Language games play an important role in the teaching - learning process since they ease the situation of language learning, provide comprehensible input, and enable pupils to learn subconsciously with enjoyment and fun in an informal atmosphere that makes pupils freely participate in using the foreign language. Moreover, language games have a significant role in increasing pupils’ proficiency and ability in using language with a purpose in the situation that they provide. Hence, the present study aims at : 1 - empirically investigating the effect of using games on the first intermediate graders’ achievement in pronunciation and spelling ; and 2 - developing pupils’ ability in these two areas. To fulfil these aims, two null hypotheses are postulated. They are : 1 - There is no statistically significant difference between the achievement of the pupils who are taught pronunciation and spelling through using language games and that of the pupils who are taught these areas through the conventional way. 2 - There is no statistically significant difference between the experimental group pupils’ achievement in the pre and posttests of pronunciation and spelling. To achieve the aims of this study, an experiment was conducted using the ‘pretest - posttest non equivalent groups’ experimental design. Two sections of thirty - six pupils each were randomly selected from Jareer Secondary School for Girls. One of these sections was also randomly assigned to be the experimental group (taught with the use of games) and the other to be the control one (taught without using games). The subjects of the groups were statistically matched in a number of variables. The researcher herself taught the two groups the same material, which is six units of NECI (Book III). The experiment lasted six weeks. Two achievement tests were constructed (a pronunciation test and a spelling test) based on a content analysis of the material taught during the experiment; thus their content validity was ascertained. Then the two tests were exposed to a jury of experts to ensure their face validity. Concerning the reliability of the two tests, several methods were used : split half, Kuder - Richardson formula 20, alpha Cronbach and intrascorer reliability, yielding reliability coefficients that range between 0.516 and 0.798. An item analysis was carried out for each test to determine item difficulty level and item discriminating power. Then the same tests were administered to the study subjects before and after the instruction. Using the t - test for two independent samples, it is found out that there are statistically significant differences in the pronunciation and spelling tests at 0.05 level in favour of the experimental group. The results also indicate that , using the t - test for two dependent samples, there is a significant development in the experimental group pupils’ achievement in both pronunciation and spelling tests.The researcher comes to the conclusion that using language games positively affects the pupils’ achievement in pronunciation and spelling and improves their learning in these two areas.In the light of the study results, a number of recommendations and suggestions for further research were made.
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اثر استراتيجية معالجة المعلومات في اكتساب المفاهيم التاريخية عند طالبات الصف الثاني المتوسط == The Effect Of Information Processing Strategy On The Acquisition Of Historical Concepts Of Second Intermediate Student

Author name: نجوى جمال ابراهيم
Supervisor name: شاكر جاسم محمد العبيدي
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Methods of Teaching History
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف البحث الحالي التعرف على اثر استراتيجية معالجة المعلومات في اكتساب المفاهيم التاريخية عند طالبات الصف الثاني المتوسط. ولتحقيق هدف البحث وضعت الباحثة الفرضية الصفرية الاتية : - لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى (0,05) بين متوسط درجات المجموعة الت | The present study aims to shed some light on the impact of data processing strategy on the acquisition of historical concepts of intermediate second year students. To achieve this aim , the researcher hypothesized the following : There is no statistical significant difference at the level ( 0.05 ) between the average of experimental group marks ( that study with the data processing strategy ) and control group marks ( that study traditionally ). The researcher has determined two groups : 1. The experimental group including (30) students from section (A) , studying Arab Islamic History with the data processing strategy.2. The control group including (30) students from section (C) studying Arab Islamic History traditionally. The researcher covered chapters four and five from the Book of Arab Islamic History for the intermediate second year , academic year 2014 - 2015 to concentrate on (24) historical concepts , which are the basis for (72) behavioral objectives. After a post - test on acquiring historical concepts , the researcher started her experiment which lasted (11) weeks to apply , at the end, the post - test of acquiring historical concepts on both experimental and control groups by using the suitable statistical means , such as ( T - test ) ( Chi - square ) and ( Pearson correlative ) The researcher arrived at a number of conclusions , among which are the following : 1. Data processing strategy is more active in acquiring historical concepts by intermediate second year students than the traditional one.2. Using data processing strategy goes in line with the requirements of modern education and scientific progress in a way that may lead to the achievement of educational goals.3. Using data processing strategy raised the level of students in acquiring historical concepts and easily teaching them.4. Using data processing strategy helped in the emergence of desired behaviors of students , such as being attentive while study and pay attention to history material. The researcher reached a number of recommendations , among which are the following : 1. Directing teachers to the importance of using data processing strategy in teaching and making it prominent among their duties 2. Urging history teachers to pay attention to main and minor concepts instead of memorizing and reciting to students.3. Teachers must have the ability to correlate historical concepts and merge them with past experience.4. Opening developmental and qualitative courses for teachers in the ministry of Education to enrich them with modern teaching strategies ( including data processing strategy ). The researcher suggested a number of studies to complete the present study , including : 1. Using data processing strategy in different study materials , different levels and for both sexes.2. Using a comparative study between data processing strategy and other teaching strategies.3. Studying the effects of data processing strategy in other variables such as achievement , creative , critical and cognitive thinking according to sex
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تحليل كتاب الجغرافية على وفق مفاهيم طبيعة العلم وعملياته الاساسية للصف الرابع الادبي ومدى اكتساب الطلبة لهما == Analysis Of Geographical Book According To Concepts Of The Nature Of The Science And Its Basic Processes For 4Th - Secondary Stage / Literary Branch And To What Extent The Students Assimilate It

Author name: ميسون محمد علي
Supervisor name: ثناء يحيى قاسم الحسو
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف هذا البحث الى تعرف : - 1. مدى توافر مفاهيم طبيعة العلم في كتاب اسس الجغرافية وتقنياتها للصف الرابع الادبي.2. مدى توافر عمليات العلم الاساسية في كتاب اسس الجغرافية وتقنياتها للصف الرابع الادبي.3. مستوى اكتساب طلبة الصف الرابع الادبي لمفاهيم طبيعة ا | The current study aims to know the following : 1. To what extent the concept of the nature of the science would be available in the book of the " Bases of Geography" and its techniques for the fourth secondary stage. 2. To what extent the colleges of the basic sciences would be available in the book of the " Bases of Geography" and its techniques for the fourth secondary stage. 3. The level of fourth secondary stage students ' acquisition of concepts of the nature in respect to the gender variable. 4. The level of fourth secondary stage students ' acquisition of concepts of the nature in respect to the basic Science processes 5. The differences in acquiring the concepts of the science for the fourth secondary stage students based on the gender variable. 6. The differences in acquiring processes of basic sciences for the fourth secondary stage students based on the gender variable. In order to carry out the research 's goals , the researcher has done with the following procedures : 1. Preparing natural measures for the science and its basic processes based on the scientific education and studies and researches dealt with these sciences. Besides, the opinions of the experts and specialized that being its reliability confirmed. 2. The analysis of the book " Bases of Geography" and its techniques for the fourth stage students based on the prepared measures. 3. Depending on the idea as a unit for analysis and the safety of analysis has been confirmed and proved via two methods : Analysis confirmation between the researcher and other researchers, proving the analysis of the researcher with her self.4. Preparing test for measuring the fourth stage students ' acquisition , it consists of 50 items of the nature of science and 30 items for the basic processes of science. It has been confirmed its reliability and firmness.The society of the research is of two sides , the society of books and the society of the students ; the society of books represent conclusively with the Book of Geography along with its techniques for the fourth - stage students ( Literary Branch), after the researcher has excluded ( introduction,, index , Chapter's finished questions). While the society of the students include all fourth - stage students ( literary branch) in the governmental schools in Baghdad ( Al - Karkh / Al - Rusafa) , their number amounted ( 32642) after the researcher has excluded a random sample with ratio ( 5%) , their number is ( 379) students on whom test of the nature of the science and its basic operation will be applied. the test has been applied in the second half of the academic year ,starting on 12/4/2016 up to 27/4/2016. For analyzing the data and results , the researcher has relied on the statistic means which are ( repetitions, percentage , T - Test , T - test for the two independent samples. The results appeared as follows : 1. The book of " Geography" for the fourth stage students got repetitions for the natural concepts. The concern has been focused on after the results of the science , where it has been got about 296 repetitions with 47% , while , the morals of the science got the lower repetitions, where its repetitions has got 29 with 5%. 2. The book of " geography" for the fourth secondary stage has got 246 repetitions for the processes of basic science , most of which focused on skills of classification and numbers using ,where it has formed ( 109) SKILLS of 246 skills , with 44% of the scientific content of the book. 3. The students have got average ( considerable ) in the test of the nature of science and its basic processes.4. There are statistic differences in the performance of the students on the test of nature of the science based on the gender variable. and for the benefit of the girls. 5. There are not statistic differences in the performance of the students on the test of basic science processes based on the gender variable. The researcher has placed a set of recommendations : 1. The necessity of developing the book of bases of Geography and its techniques for the fourth stage students , in a way that secures the nature of the science and its processes as to time the recent developments ; besides m the awareness of the students with the importance of the science and its applications in their life and societies.2. Directing those who are responsible for developing the curriculums , especially ' Geography" to focus on the importance of the science processes , along with its effect. 3. Directing the male and female teachers of Geography , by the supervisors, to focus on the importance of the activities included in the book. 4. Paying huge concern to link the geography with the life of the students and to get forth the role of the geography concept in serving and developing the society and solving its problems. For completing the research 's procedures, the researcher has suggested the following : 1. Making analytic and descriptive studies of the contents of " Geography" for the primary and intermediate stage to know the contents of the science and its processes. 2. Making a study aiming at measuring the vitality of the training programs of Geography teachers as to acquire the nature of the science and its processes, along with its effects on developing skills in the students
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التعليم العالي في العراق نشاته، مسيرته، ملامح تطوره == Republic Of Iraq Ministry Of Higher Education And Scientific Research

Author name: ميسون باقر مهدي
Supervisor name: نبا عبد الحسين حسن الدلوي
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان التعليم العالي الذي يمثل المنهل الوحيد للقدرات والمهارات اللازمة لاي نهضة مجتمعية لم ينل الاهتمام اللازم في الابحاث والدراسات للتعرف على اسسه التاريخية وما هي المراحل التي مر بها واهم التطورات الكمية والنوعية عبر هذه المراحل خلال المدة الزمنية 1908 - 2 | Higher Education in Iraq : Its establishment, evolution and development characteristicsHigher Education, which represents the only source necessary for any community progress and prosperity, has not been given its due attention in research and studies to identify its historical foundation in the quantity and quality through these stages during the duration 1908 - 2012.Aims of the study This study aims at achieving the following : 1. Stages of higher education development in Iraq during 1908 - 2012.2. The nature of the quantitative development that occurred during 1908 - 2012.3. The most prominent qualitative development s that characterized higher education in Iraq during 1908 - 2012.The researcher used the historical and descriptive analytical method. The research used the chronological order in tracing the evolution and development of higher education in Iraq. These stages are as follows : 1. The status of higher education in the era of Ottoman Empire during1908 - 1914. The school of law was the only higher school until the end of Ottoman Empire.2. High Teachers College and the Royal College of Medicine were established. Many scholarships for students studying in the European and American colleges were increased.3. The stage of the national rule witnessed qualitative and quantitative development during 1958 - 1932. Furthermore the Ministry of Education established a number of colleges and high schools, and brought committees and specialists in the area who contributed in developing and the project of establishing University of Baghdad.4. The stage of the Republican government during 1959 - 2012. The stage of establishment of the University of Baghdad and other colleges that were under the wings of the university and the expansion of Higher education in Basra, Sulaymanyiah and Mosel universities during 1959 - 1979. The establishment of Al Mustansriya University and the establishment of Ministry of Higher Education and scientific research in Iraq in 1970.Then the establishment of University of Technology in 1975. There were changes during the second phase 1980 - 2002 where new developments.These developments were the establishing of colleges of public and private colleges like AlQadisiyah ,Kufa, Alanbar, Tikreet and Iraqi University. Furthermore, the qualitative and the quantitative developments accompanied the establishment of these universities.The third phase tackled the changes in the situations in Iraq and the subsequent qualitative and quantitative developments that accompanied the institutions ogf Higher Education like the establishment of a number of governmental and private universities in Wasit, Kirkuk,Mayssan,Muthana and Samarra during 2003 - 2012.. The researcher found that the higher education in Iraq marched escalating pace of evolution in (quantity and quality) during these time periods, despite the constraints and difficulties experienced by which brought down a shadow over its long career. The main conclusions are as follows : 1. Though Higher education established School of Law during the Ottoman Empire, it was weak in terms of programs and plans.2. Education was influenced by the political and economic factors during 1915 - 1931, though Higher Teachers Institute were established in 1923 and Medical College in 1927.3. During the period 1932 - 1958 Iraq was able to take a significant step in the development of higher education colleges and high schools and send students abroad to study.4. Higher Education during the period 1958 - 2012 has seen increased interest in higher education and higher economic level of the Iraqi people, setting up a large number of universities on the Iraqi provincial level in spite of the circumstances of the war and the blockade during the two decades through the eighties and nineties, which were one of the factors affecting the higher education institution.The most important recommendations : In light of the research findings by the researcher to a number of recommendations : 1. Concern the preparation and graduate teachers for secondary schools in a high level of scientific and moral.2. Set plans for higher education to meet the needs of the markets, and the outputs to replenish the governmental institutions as well as private ones. In light of the research findings by the researcher, a number of to a number of proposals : 1. Conduct a study on education strategy until 2022 and the possibility of their application.2. The study of the factors that influence the evolutionary process of higher education.
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اثر استراتيجية المنحى المبرمج لحل المشكلات في تحصيل مادة التاريخ وتنمية التفكير العلمي عند طالبات الصف الخامس الادبي == The Effect Of The Oriented Programmed Strategy To Solve Problems In The Collection Of History And The Development Of Scientific Thinking When Students Fifth Grade Literary Strategy

Author name: ميادة سلمان عبيد العبيدي
Supervisor name: محمد شلال عبيد
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Methods of Teaching History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف البحث الى معرفة اثر استراتيجية المنحى المبرمج لحل المشكلات في تحصيل مادة التاريخ وتنمية التفكير العلمي عند طالبات الصف الخامس الادبي.ولتحقيق هدف البحث صاغت الباحثة الفرضيات الصفرية الاتية : - لايوجد فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى دلالة(0,05) بين متوس | The present study aims to find out The Effect of the oriented programmed strategy to solve problems in the Achievement of history and the development of scientific thinking at the fifth grade literary students.To achieve the goal Find researcher formulated hypotheses zero the following : - There is no statistically significant differenc e at the level (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who are studying European talk history strategy curve programmed to solve problems and the average score of the control group students who are studying the same material in the traditional way in the in the post test collection. - There is no statistically significant differenc eat the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group who are studying in accordance with the strategy - oriented programmed to solve problems and control group students who are studying in the usual way in accordance with the test of scientific thinking. - There is no statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) between the average grades who are studying in accordance with the strategy - oriented programmed to solve problems and control group students who are studying the experimental group according to the normal way in the pre - test and post scientific thinking. Researcher experimental design adopted for the test measuring the dimensions and grades tested before me and after me to test the And scientific thinking for the control and experimental groups find community consisted of students from the fifth grade of. secondary Zhou Iraq of the Directorate of Education Baghdad / Rasafa for the first academic year (2014 - 2015),and for the purpose of application and the rate of (30) students in the experimental group who has studied the history strategy curve programmed to solve problems and ( 32) students in the control group, who studied history in the traditional way, has been rewarded researcher between the two groups in the number of variables is the (level of intelligence, steps history for the previous year, chronological age measured in months, academic achievement for parents, test tribal scientific thinking) Identified researcher of educational material to be taught, which included the first three chapters of the book of European history and talk to fifth grade literary for the year (2013), and set targets behavioral reached (130) behaviorally target in the light of the six levels of Bloom (knowledge, understanding, application, analysis, installation, calendar ), and prepared a typical daily plans for the teaching of the two sets of search and amounted to (36) plan for each group. Either Odata search was a test measures the academic achievement of history be one of the (50) test, paragraph (40) paragraph multiple - choice and 10 paragraphs of the essay questions, and a measure of the level of scientific thinking are from (30) paragraph of the multiple - choice type, were verified of validity and reliability and psychometric characteristics for each of the two tests, tests have been applied end of the experiment, which lasted twelve week where I started on (28.10.2014) and expired on (01.19.2015) on the achievement test and on the application (01/20/2015) dish the test of scientific dimensional thinking, using samples t - test (t - test) for two independent samples in data processing, the results appeared as follows : - There is a difference is statistically significant between mean scores of students in the experimental and collection dimensional and in favor of students in the experimental group. - There is statistically significant differences between mean scores of students in the experimental and control group in the selection of meta - scientific thinking for the benefit of students in the experimental group. - There are statistically significant differences between mean scores of students in the experimental and control group in the pre and post test of scientific reasoning and in favor of students in the experimental group in the post - test.In the light of search results researcher found to a number of following conclusions : 1 - that coder oriented strategy programmed to solve problems have a positive impact in the collection of modern European history at the fifth literary students and an increase in the level of scientific compared to the traditional way of thinking.2 - that the oriented programmed teaching strategy helps the students to participate in the lesson and discharge from the traditional style of teaching through touselhn a solution to the problem.It recommended a number of recommendations including : 1. The need for the Ministry of Education and the establishment of training courses by specialists in teaching methods for teachers of history for the preparatory phase to be trained in the use of modern teaching strategies, including the oriented programmed strategy.2. Directing teachers of history to enrich their lessons historical their lessons historical incidents and how to think and ask guestions related to the topic of the lesson. Which in turn develop higher - order thinking among students and deepen under staneting of the subject and develop their ability to think.As a complement to the current research and the researcher developed a number of proposals including : 1. conduct a study on the impact of the oriented programmed to solve problems on materials and other stages of the strategy.2. conduct a study on the impact of the oriented programmed strategy in other variables such as a (orientation, direction, motivation).
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تحليل كتب الكيمياء للمرحلة المتوسطة على وفق قضايا العلم والتكنولوجيا والمجتمع والبيئة (S.T.S.E) == Analysis Of Chemistry Books For The Intermediate Stage And According To Science And Technology, Society And Environment Issues ( S.T.S.E )

Author name: موفق عبد الزهرة عبد الرضا
Supervisor name: احمد عبيد حسن
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: هدف البحث الحالي الى : - تحليل محتوى كتب الكيمياء للمرحلة المتوسطة على وفق قضايا العلم والتكنولوجيا والمجتمع والبيئة ( S.T.S.E ). ولتحقيق هدف البحث صيغ السؤالان الاتيان : - 1 - ما قضايا العلم والتكنولوجيا والمجتمع والبيئة ( S.T.S.E ) المتضمنة في محتوى كتب ا | The aim of the present research is to : Analysis of chemistry books for the intermediate stage and according to science and technology, society and environment issues ( S.T.S.E ). To achieve the aim of the research the following two questions formats : - 1 - What are the Science and technology, society and enviermental issues (S.T.S.E) which included in the content of the chemistry books for the preparatory stage?2 - What are the Science and technology, society and enviermental issues (S.T.S.E) which supposed to be included in the content of the chemistry books for the preparatory stage?And to answer the research questions : Related to the first question : - The researcher has depended on previous studies in the field of (S.T.S.E), movement and projects that has contributed to reform of the science curriculum in order to prepare a list of science and technology, society and enviermental issues (S.T.S.E) , the first draft of the issues list consisting of (9) main issues and (69)sub - issues emerged. The researcher distributed the first draft of the list among experts in teaching chemistry, curricula and teaching methods, teachers and supervisors who were expert in the area of teaching chemistry methodsthen the researcher gave them enough time to check each item and removing or adding what is suitable for the tool to become in its final draft which included (9) main issues they are (Air quality and the atmosphere, sustainable development, water security, health and preventive security, mineral resources investment, pollution of various kinds, energy, food industry, production of weapons technology) and from which (70) sub - issues emerge. Then, the researcher analyzed the content of the chemistry books for the preparatory stage in the academic year (2015 - 2016) depending on the prepared list of the (S.T.S.E), the researcher depended the unit analysis, both (implicit and explicit) and repetition unit of the Census, the stability of the analysis was counted with the agreement of an outlaws analysts and the researcher himself.The researcher used Holisti equation for calculating reliability coefficients values, the results showed by using frequencies and percentages : - 1 - The chemistry books for the preparatory stage achieved ( 35) sub - issues with percentage of (50 % ), and this percentage is not good if we compare it with the criterion percentage that was adopted by the researcher depending on the experts opinions which was ,(70%).2 - Principles of Chemistry book for the first level preparatory class is the most book that gave an attention to the (S.T.S.E) issues with percentage of (65%), and (156) recurrence, but the second preparatory class was the least book that gave an attention to the (S.T.S.E) issues with percentage of (14,17%), and (34) recurrence.3 - health and preventive security issues settled at the first place with percentage of (27,08%), and (65) recurrence in the chemistry books for the preparatory stage, While the production of weapons technology issues settled on the last place and did not get any recurrence. 4 - The - sub - issue (the role of the chemical elements in nature) had the biggest number of recurrence which was (31), and settled at the first place, while many sub - issues did not get any repetitions.Respecting the second question : - The researcher found that most of the sub - issues were not included in the content of the chemistry books for the preparatory stage , which was included by the researcher within the issues list (S.T.S.E), The researcher finds that it is possible that the chemistry books for the preparatory stage should include the (S.T.S.E) issues in its content , Being a contemporary and important manner commensurate with the size of these issues, taking into account integration and relay and balance specially the main issues (mineral resources investment, food industry, production of weapons technology ) , which the current study had talked about it the knowledge of the researcher. Even though, the first issues took the third place, and the second issues was in the fourth place, but the third issue did not get any recurrence, which means the absence of balance and integration, related to the content of the chemistry books for the preparatory stage.In the light of the findings, the researcher came out with several recommendations, they are : - 1 - Including chemistry books for the preparatory stage with main and sub - main issues of the (S.T.S.E) issues that have not been included. 2 - Drawing the attention of specialists to reform science curriculum especially chemistry curricula, as one of the important modern attitudes in the scientific education.3 - Involving people who are interested in environmental education and specialists in the field of environment within special committees for plan science curriculum and specially chemistry curriculum. Complementing the current search the researcher suggested to conducting other studies to analyze chemistry books for the other stages, and other subjects such as physics in the light of the same issues.
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اثر استراتيجية التفكير بصوت عال في التحصيل وتنمية مهارات ما وراء المعرفة في مادة التاريخ لطلاب الصف الاول المتوسط == The Impact Of Loud Thinking Strategy In The Collection And The Development Of Skills Beyond Knowledge In History For Students Of The First Grade Average

Author name: مسلم حسن خليف الغانمي
Supervisor name: صبحي ناجي عبد الله الجبوري
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Methods of Teaching History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: summary of the message : The current research aims to determine the impact of strategic thinking aloud in the collection and the development of skills beyond the knowledge in history for the average first - grade students. To be sure of achieving the goal of research formulated the following hypotheses : - 1 There is no difference statistically significant at the level (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who are studying material history of ancient civilizations strategy thinking aloud and average scores control group students who are studying material history of ancient civilizations in the usual way in the achievement test posttest. 2 There is no difference statistically significant at the level (0.05) between the average scores The experimental group students who are studying material history of ancient civilizations strategy (thinking out loud) and the average scores of the control group students who are studying material history of ancient civilizations in the usual way measure what skills and knowledge behind. 3 No statistically significant differences animate at the level (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who are studying material on the history of ancient civilizations strategy (thinking aloud) in the test beyond the skills of knowledge between pre and post. 4 - There are no statistically significant differences at the level (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who are studying material on the history of ancient civilizations, according to the usual way to test the skills of knowledge beyond the pre and post. To achieve the goal of research and hypotheses Akhtar researcher experimental method is experimental and control groups and the research community of students from the first grade average who were chosen Qsidia of medium scholar Sheikh Saduq of the Directorate of Educational holy city of Karbala for the year Aldrase2013 - 2014, sample consisted of 64 students by (32) students of the experimental group and 32 students were chosen for the control group Ashoa?aa.autamt reward the two sets of search according to the following variables : - alamr Schedule calculated in months. - alzca (Using a test of intelligence Daniels) - althesel - mkies Previous academic skills beyond knowledge. Find the two tools : . He studied researcher sets of search himself, and prepared two tests, the first - achievement test, has been building a test consisting of 40 items of substantive questions of the type of multiple choice was to make sure sincerity and coefficient of difficulty paragraphs and strength indistinguishable, and the effectiveness of alternatives erroneous him as well as the value of persistence, which amounted to (0.81) and the second - a measure of the skills of metacognition : .tbny researcher measure skills beyond the knowledge of a measure (Abu feathers 0.2005) combined (64) paragraph and display it on a group of experts to verify the truthfulness and make some adjustments, including fit and the Iraqi environment, as been confirmed firmness and strength and become discriminatory test is valid in its final form and consists of (64) paragraph, Researcher relied on the statistical means of the following : . Test (t - test) for two independent samples and Aienten interrelated, and the equation coefficient of difficulty, discrimination power equation, the equation of the effectiveness of alternatives wrong. After the correct answers and address data statistically using statistical methods showed the following results : 1 and the presence of a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the variable of academic achievement in history for the experimental group. 2 The presence of a statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups in the variable skills beyond the knowledge for the experimental group. In light of these findings researcher concluded that the adoption of strategic thinking aloud was her effectiveness big achievement and skills beyond the knowledge of the first - graders average, and it has been reached on a set of recommendations and proposals including : the adoption of a strategy of thinking aloud in the teaching of history, and propose the use of these strategy in phases Talimahokhry. In light of the results of current research researcher recommends the following : 1 - decisions need to include a setup program history teachers in colleges of education and colleges of education's basic strategies and modern methods of teaching such strategies beyond the knowledge and strategy, including (thinking out loud). 2 history teachers need to adopt a strategy (thinking aloud) in the teaching process because of their impact on student achievement in the school
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المعوقات الادارية والفنية التي تواجه عمل المشرفين التربويين في محافظة بغداد == Administration And Technical Hindrances Which Face The Work Of Educational Supervisors In Baghdad Province

Author name: مروة ياس ياسر
Supervisor name: رياض بدري ستراك
General topic: Educational Sciences
Specific topic: Educational Administration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يعد الاشراف التربوي ركنا مهما من اركان المنظمة التربوية حيث يقع على عاتق المشرف التربوي مهام كثيرة وعبء كبير في توجيه المدرسين وارشادهم اثناء الخدمة كثرة الاعباء الادارية على المشرف وقلة الدورات التدريبية وضعف قدرة مديري المدارس على ممارسة الاشراف الترب | Search Problem Educational Supervision is an important pillar of the pillars of the educational organization , which falls on the educational supervisor many tasks and the burden of Empire in guiding teachers and instruct them during the occupation. Frequent administrative burdens on supervisor lack of training courses weakening the ability of school administrators to exercise educational Supervision the difficulty of the curriculum eakage students and their commitment to non - official hours these accumulations turned at the present time to bottlenecks hindering his career.Importance of researchAcquires its importance from the educational supervisor during the administrative and technical functions provided by the follow - up in the educational process and experience the problems and develop appropriate solutions, where is the connecting link between the educational field and organs responsible for it, and its importance stems starting from the authority and functions and its roles as a whole seeks to improve the teaching and learning process.Research ObjectivesThe current research aims to identify : - 1 - Identify the level of administrative obstacles facing the work of the supervisors from the viewpoint of secondary school principals morning and their assistants in Baghdad province / Rusafa ( first - second - third ).2 - Identify the level of technical obstacles facing the work of the supervisors from the viewpoint of Secondary School Principals morning and their assistants in Baghdad province / Rusafa ( first - second - third ).3 - Are there any statistically significant differences between the administrative and technical obstacles facing the work of the supervisors in accordance with the following variables : - - Gender - Length of service ( 5 - 10 ) and ( 11 - over)Borders Search - Human border : Secondary school Principals morning and their assistants in Baghdad province / Rusafa ( first - second - third ). - Spatial border : Secondary schools in the province of Baghdad morning / Rusafa ( first - second - third ). - Border time : 2013 - 2014Search Procedures : After selecting the research community's (318) director and associate and irector and assist, was selected sample (80% )stratified random manner which amounted to ( 255 ) director and associate and director and assist by (55) and principals ( 200 ) Maon and assist their service distributed on two categories , namely : ( 5 - 10) yearand ( 11 or more ) years.Search Tool Search for achieving the goals of the researcher proceeded to build a questionnaire to identify the administrative and technical obstacles facing the work of the supervisors in the province of Baghdad/ Rusafa from the viewpoint of secondary school principals and assistants morning, included a questionnaire areas : First : administrative obstacles : (A) administrative obstacles facing the work of the supervisors' concerns the school principal(B) administrative obstacles facing the work of the supervisors' concerns students. As the total number of paragraphs (40) distributed paragraph (10) paragraphs on all areas of the questionnaire, was developed as alternatives to the following degree (very large, large, medium , weak, none)Believe toolTo achieve the veracity of the tool through honesty, where the virtual instrument has been on a group of experts, not deleted any of them have been amended a number of paragraphs where it became, as the final resolution consists of 40 items. The stability of the tool : You have reached stability sample (30) and associate director , were verified stabilityIn two ways.1 - re - test ( to check the external consistency )2 - Cronbach's alpha equation (to check for internal consistency )Statistical methods : 1 Pearson correlation coefficient.2 - samples t - test for two independent samples.3 - Cronbach's alpha equation.4 - center - weighted.ConclusionsThe results that have been reached , they are : 1 - That administrative obstacles facing the work of the supervisors , came where the average level of all the obstacles that had its center likely greater than (3) and weight percentile scores greater than (60%) which represent the availability of moderately disabled.2 That the technical constraints faced by the supervisors' action came as the average level of all the obstacles and the middle was likely greater than (3) and weight percentile scores greater than ( 60% ) which represent the availability of moderately disabled.3 - The presence of statistically significant differences according to gender variable was the difference in favor of females.4 - The presence of statistically significant differences according to gender variable was the difference in favor of females.5 - Lack of statistically significant differences according to the variable duration of employment, career.ConclusionsIn light of the search results was reached the following conclusions : 1 - Got all administrative and technical obstacles facing the work of the supervisors on the mid - weighted over the middle they interpret the agreement of all members of the sample in secondary schools morning on the existence of these obstacles significantly.2 - Existence impact of sex in the administrative and technical constraints faced by the supervisors and in favor of females.3 - Lack of effect for a period of work on the job in the administrative and technical constraints faced by the supervisors.GuardiansIn light of the findings of the research , the most importantGuardians, are : 1 - To reduce administrative burdens and technical responsibilities that fall on the responsibility of the supervisors and managers of high school the morning.2 - Increase the number of educational supervisors to suit the number of teachers who have custody of the supervisor and reduce the quorum of the supervisors.Proposals1 - Conduct a similar study morning secondary schools in the province of Baghdad / Karkh.2 - Conduct a study from the standpoint of the educators supervisors
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اثر استراتيجية (S.N.I.P.S) في تحصيل طالبات الصف الاول المتوسط في مادة مبادئ علم الاحياء ومهارات تفكيرهن البصري == The Effect Of (S.N.I.P.S) Strategy In Achievement Of The First Intermediate Stage Students In Biology Subject And Visual Thinking Skills

Author name: مروة قيس عبد الربيعي
Supervisor name: احمد عبيد حسن
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على " اثر استراتيجية (S.N.I.P.S) في تحصيل طالبات الصف الاول المتوسط في مادة مبادئ علم الاحياء ومهارات تفكيرهن البصري "ولغرض التحقق من هدف البحث وضعت الباحثة الفرضيتين الصفريتين الاتيتين : 1. لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند م | The current research aims to identify the "effect of the strategy (S.N.I.P.S) in the collection of first - grade students to the average in the material principles of biology and skills of our visual thinking."The aim of the research is to find out the effect of the strategy (S.N.I.P.S) in : For verification purposes of this research, the researcher developed two zero hypotheses as follow : 1 - There is no difference is statistically significant at the level of significance (0.05) between the average grades Experimental students group which will study according to the following strategy (S.N.I.P.S) and the average scores of students who will study the control group according to the usual way. 2 - There is no difference is statistically significant at the level of significance (0.05) between the average level students Experimental students group which will examine the strategy (S.N.I.P.S) and average grades students in the control group students which will study according to the usual way to test the skills of visual thinking.In order to validate these two zero hypotheses, the researcher made experiment lasted fully semester adopted the experimental method a partial adjustment of the two unequal a post test to collect the material principles of biology and skills of visual thinking which the research represented a sample by students first grade average in one of the Directorate of Education Baghdad day schools / Karkh first, distributed over two divisions, one represented the experimental group (39 students) studied in accordance with the strategy (S.N.I.P.S) and the other representing the control group (41 students), and rewarded the two groups in the variables (intelligence, age, previous information, the collection's former science, visual thinking skills)The researcher prepared two tools Search represented multi - test grades and be a test of (30) items and test the visual thinking of multiple choice skills and be a test of (25) items which was calculated difficulty and force discriminatory and effectiveness of false alternatives for each paragraph of the tests, and the expense of truth to them and after stability tests were extracted using equation (Kiodr - Richardson 20) reaching achievement test stability 0747), reaching a skills test constancy0691).).The experience applied in the second semester , took an entire semester so the researcher taught the two sets of search itself, and after the completion of the experiment analyzed the results statistically using samples t - test (T - test) for two independent samples is equal, and the results showed the superiority of the performance of students in the experimental group students control Group all of achievement test and test visual thinking skills thus was rejected two zero hypotheses the current search.In the light of these findings ,the researcher concluded that strategy (S.N.I.P.S) positive impact on the collection of the students in the subject of biology have the skills of visual thinking, and through that the researcher has developed a number of recommendations and proposals for the results of the search
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اثر استراتيجية الخارطة الذهنية في تحصيل طلبة المدارس الاعدادية الدارسين للغة الانكليزية لغة اجنبية في الموضوعات القرائية الادبية والعلمية == The Effect Of Mind Mapping Strategy On EFL Preparatory School Students' Achievement In ?Literature Spot? And ''Science Topics''

Author name: مرتضى حسن حلو
Supervisor name: سلام حامد عباس
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: القراءة هي مهارة اساسية لمزيد من التعلم , خصوصا للطلبة الذين يريدون الحصول على معلومات من الكتب والبحوث.يجب على الطلاب قراءة الكثير من الكتب المعقدة والمتنوعة للاستيعاب. يعتبر الاستيعاب مركز اللغة والقراءة تشير ايضا الى انها من اهم المهارات الاربعة للغة | Reading is an essential skill for further learning, especially for students who have to read in order to get information from text books, research, reports, etc. Moreover, students have to read more various and complicated texts for comprehension. Reading comprehension is central to language and reading is often referred to as the most important of the four language skills for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students. Comprehension is the goal of reading. Successful comprehension enables readers to acquire information, to experience and be aware of other worlds (including fictional ones), to communicate successfully, and to achieve academic success. Many teaching strategies have been used to improve the reading comprehension ability. One of these strategies is the mind mapping which is adopted in this study to improve EFL preparatory students' ability in reading comprehension. The present study aims at identifying the effect of Mind Mapping as a teaching strategy on preparatory school students' achievement in Literature spot and Science Topics.The following hypothesis has been stated : there are statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the experimental group, which is taught by mind mapping strategy and that of the control group , which is taught according to the conventional strategy in the achievement test. To verify the above hypothesis, an experiment is designed. a sample of (61) 4th grade scientific branch Preparatory School students during the academic year 2013 - 2014 has been chosen and distributed into two equal groups , a control group and experimental group. The two groups are equalized in the following variables : age, educational level of parents, and achievement scores in the pre - test , and ministerial examination scores. The two groups have been taught by the researcher himself using the same study material , which is ''literature spot'' and ''Science Topics'' from book 8 Iraq Opportunities. The post test is exposed to a jury of specialists in methodology and linguistics to state their suitability to students' level. The result of the present study reveals that there are statistically significant differences between mean scores of the experimental group, which has been exposed to the new suggested strategy, i.e. mind mapping strategy, and the control one, which has not been exposed to the same suggested strategy of reading comprehension, and in favour of the experimental group. So, the suggested instructional strategy, i.e. mind mapping, is proved to be a beneficial teaching strategy. Based on the above result, main conclusions, recommendations and suggestions for further studies are put forward
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علاقة بعض القدرات البدنية والوظيفية بالاداء المهاري لمصارعي الجودو == The Relation Of Some Physical And Functional Abilities With Skilful Performance Of Judo Fighte

Author name: مخلص حسن حيدر
Supervisor name: نجاح مهدي شلش
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اشتملت الرسالة على خمسة ابواب موزعة على الشكل الاتي : الباب الاول : التعريف بالبحثمقدمة البحث واهميته : ان التطور الكبير الذي يشهده العصر الحالي في جوانبه المختلفة والواسعة وما يحصل من تطور وظهور التقنيات الحديثة وتوسع العلوم والمعارف بشتى انواعها تشكل ح | The recent development in all fields of life especially the field of sports. Reaching high levels of permeance is not an easy process yet it can destroy all difficulties. There are some indicators and measurements that the coach can uplift the level of their players through them. Some of those indicators and measurements are physical and functional abilities. There is a strong relationship between them. In addition to that both affect the level of performance. The importance of the study leis in finding the relationship between some physical and functional abilities with the performance of judo fighters. Also to help coaches find correct relationships to build the training process scientifically. The problem of the study was the weakness in the fighters' technique. This in turn affected the national league. This weakness stops fighters from reaching peak of permeance. Thus the researcher aimed studying the reciprocal relationship between physical and functional abilities. In addition to that, the researcher wanted to find the strength and weaknesses of the fighters' technique. The aims of the study were : 1. Identifying the relationship between physical and functional abilities of judo fighters.2. Identifying the relationship between functional abilities and performance in judo fighters.3. Identifying the relationship between physical abilities and performance in judo fighters.The Hypothesis were : 1. There are statistical differences between some functional and physical abilities of judo fighters (0.05).2. There are statistical differences between some physical abilities and performance of judo fighters (0.05).3. There are statistical differences between some functional abilities of judo fighters (0.05).Fields of the study : Subjects : Advanced judo fightersDuration : from 5/8//2007 till 16/8/2007Place : the judo training centre/ Al Shebab club/ Baghdad The Procedure : The subjects were (32) advanced judo fighters from Baghdad clubs (Al Shebab, Al Hedood, Al Shulla, Al Wela). They were divided according to their weights (66, 73, 81 and 90) who were training for five years and thus have good functional adaptation. The tests were conducted to find the results. The results were treated statistically. Finally the conclusions and recommendations were summed up.
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اثر انموذج روثكوف في تحصيل طلاب الصف الرابع العلمي في مادة علم الاحياء وتفكيرهم المنطقي == The Effect Of The Rothkopf Model In The Achievement For Fourth - Class Male Students In The Biology Subject And Their Logical Thinking

Author name: محمد محسن جاعد
Supervisor name: نادية حسين يونس العفون
General topic: Educational Sciences
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: هدف البحث التعرف على اثر انموذج روثكوف في تحصيل طلاب الصف الرابع العلمي في مادة علم الاحياء وتفكيرهم المنطقي. ولاجل التحقق من هدف البحث صاغ الباحث الفرضيتين الصفريتين الاتيتين : 1 - لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى الدلالة (0.05 ) بين متوسط درجات طلا | The aim of current research to know the effect of A Rothkopf Model in the academic achievement for fourth - class male students in the Biological subject and their logical thinking. To achieve the objectives of the research, the researcher set up tow hypotheses as follows : 1 - There is no difference statistically significant at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who are studying the Rothkopf Model and the average degree of the control group students who are studying in the usual way in the achievement test in the subject of biology.2 - There is no difference statistically significant at the level of significance (0.05) between the average scores of the experimental group students who are studying the Rothkopf Model and the average degree of the control group students who are studying in the usual way, in the logical thinking test. The sample of search was selected from students of al - Safa secondary school for boys to the Directorate General of Educational Baghdad / Rusafa first, numbered (55) students distributed on the two groups of search chosen by appointment simple random , one experimental group (27) student who are studying according to the Rothkopf Model, while the control group (28) student who are studying in the usual way , Both groups were treated equivalently according to the variables (timing age, intelligence , previous achievement, previous knowledge , logical thinking ), The teaching plans of the tow groups had been adopted after exposing them to a group of arbitrators in the teaching methods ,was approved lesson plans for the two groups after a presentation to a group of arbitrators in teaching methods , as been building achievement test tool which consisted of (50) items , (42) of which type of multiple - choice and (8) essay as was the stability of the achievement test tool (0.85) , the researcher adopting a scale of the logical thinking test which was prepared by (Alfreji, 2009) which consisted of (49) items were presented to a group of arbitrators in psychology, The researcher investigated the standard properties of these two tools., two paragraphs have been deleted from the logical thinking test reached stability a tool of logical thinking (0.82). Experiment lasted throughout the second semester of the school year 2014 - 2015 A.C of 16 on Monday, 16/2/2015 until Monday 27/4/2015 by three servings weekly for each group , and after the end of the experiment has been applied to the two sets of search tools , Results have been shown : 1 - The presence of statistically significant differences in the behalf of the experimental group in the achievement of material Biology in size effect (1.025) higher than the control group. 2 - The presence of statistically significant differences in the behalf of the experimental group in the scale of logical thinking in size effect (1.296) higher than the control group. In light of this, the researcher made a number of conclusions and recommendations and proposals
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