عرض: 25 50 75 100 النتائج

نتائج البحث: 25 من أصل 4,467

دراسة مستوى الهيبسيدين ومستقبلات الترانسفرين في عينات من المرضى العراقيين المصابين بحالات فقر دم نقص الحديد واضطرابات زيادة الحديد في الدم == Study Of Hepcidin Level And Transferrin Level In Samples Of Iraqi Patients With Iron Overload And Iron Deficiency Disorders

اسم المؤلف: داليا نايف جاسم
اسم المشرف: علاء الدين مظفر زبير القاسم
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الامراض - الدم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The circulating peptide hepcidin is secreted mainly by the liver as an 84 - amino acid precursor that is subsequently processed and secreted as a 25 - amino acid peptide form. It is considered the "master regulator" of iron metabolism.Transferrin receptor is a carrier protein for transferrin. It is needed for the import of iron into the cell and is regulated in response to intracellular iron concentration. It imports iron by internalizing the transferrin - iron complex through receptor - mediated endocytosis. This study addresses the physiological role of hepcidin in vivo and investigates the role of hepcidin as an erythroid regulator, contributing to the modulation of iron absorption by the intestine and iron release by the macrophages in the situation of anemia with normal or increased iron stores. Measuring the transferrin receptor level and it's relation to hepcidin is another part of the data involved in this study.Methods : This study included 64 Iraqi patients, 34 of them have iron deficiency anemia and the other 30 are iron overload patients. They attended the National Center of Hematology and Thalassemia center in Al - Karama Teaching Hospital during the period from October 2014 until April 2015 together with 30 healthy controls. Information regarding age, sex and clinical presentation were recorded. ELISA technique used to measure hepcidin and transferrin receptors level in patients and healthy control groups.Results : ? Mean serum hepcidin level in iron deficiency anemia patients was (205.3ng/ml) while in iron overload patients was (6.7ng/ml).? Mean serum level of transferrin receptors in iron deficiency anemia was (11006.3ng/ml) and in iron overload was (604.5ng/ml).Conclusion : ? The mean level of serum hepcidin in thirty iron deficiency anemia patients is high. Its elevation represented an acute phase response. While in thirty patients with iron overload, hepcidin mean level was low mainly due to stress erythropoiesis.? The current study result addresses the usefulness of soluble transferrin receptor for assessing high iron status in population and how soluble transferrin receptor is useful in the evaluation of anemic patients.

التغيرات الكيما حيوية في مصل الدم لتراكيز الهيبسيدين والانترلوكين - 6 نسبة لحالة الحديد قبل وبعد العلاج الكيميائي عند المرضى البالغين المصابين بسرطان الدم النيقاني الحاد == Biochemical Changes In Hepcidin And IL - 6 Concentrations Relative To Iron Status In Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia Before And After Treatment

اسم المؤلف: هبة عمار محمد
اسم المشرف: ختام عبد الوهاب علي | علاء فاضل علوان
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدف الدراسة : لتعيين العلاقة بين هرمون الهبيسيدين (hepcidin) (الهرمون المنظم لتوازن الحديد في الجسم والانترلوكين - 6 ( (interlukin - 6و علاقتها ببعض المتغيرات الكيميائية الحياتية عند المرضى المصابين بابيضاض الدم النيقاني الحاد ((AML قبل وبعد اكمال الجرعة الك | Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a clonal, malignant disease of hematopoietic tissues characterized by the accumulation of abnormal blast cells, especially in bone marrow, and impaired production of normal blood cells. The statistics show that this disease in men is more prevalent than women and this type of leukemia is increasing with age. Objectives : To assess biochemical changes related to iron status in acute myeloid leukemia pre and post course of chemotherapy and evaluate a relationship between serum hepcidin and IL - 6 in patients with acute myeloid leukemia pre and post chemotherapy and compare their levels to controls and their contribution on the pathogenesis of AML.Patients, Materials and Methods : The present study conducted at the National Center of Hematology and Baghdad Teaching Hospital in the Medical City from February 2014 to June 2014.The study included Fifty - eight (58) patients (30 male and 28 female) diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia the age of patients range (15 - 65 years). Forty three (43)patients continued the study (24 male and 19 female) divided into two groups : Group (1) Patients with AML before starting chemotherapy. Group (2) the patients after 4 weeks of chemotherapy. Patient's treatment was done according to international protocol used in acute myeloid leukemia and called (3+7) where Doxorubicin was given from the first day to third day and Cyatrabine (Ara - C) was given from the first day to seventh day.Evaluationwas done on day (28) from starting chemotherapy to assess response of patients through bone marrow aspiration.All patients were subjected to complete history and physical examination. Diagnosis of AML patients was established by complete blood count and blood film, bone morrow aspiration and biopsy, hepcidin, interlukine - 6, C - reactive protein, ferritin, iron, total iron binding capacity, alkaline phosphstase, direct bilirubin were done for all patients.Forty - three (43) healthy subjects (24 male and 19 female) were enrolled in the study mainly from medical staff and their families. They were age and sex matched to patients group and considered as controls as ( Group 3).Results : • Serum hipcidin levels were significantly higher in(AML)patients (Group 2) compared to newly diagnosed(Group 1) and to healthy subjects ( P<0.0001).• Serum (IL - 6) levels were higher but not significant in(Group 1) compared to (Group 2) and significantly with healthy controls(P<0.214 and P<0.0001 respectively).• A significant increase in mean of serum ferritin levels were observed in (Group 2) compared to newly diagnosed patients (Group 1)(P<0.002) and the levels were significantly higher in newly diagnosed group compared to healthy controls (P<0.015).• Patients with (AML) during remission show significant decrease in levels of iron compared to newly diagnosed group(P<0.0001),while levels in healthy controls was higher values than both (Group 2) and (Group 1) (P<0.0001).• Total iron binding capacity (TIBC ) levels showed a significant decrease in (Group 2) after treatment compared to (Group 1) before treatment(P<0.0001) but the levels were significantly higher in healthy controls compared to (Group 1) and (Group 2) (P<0.0001).• Mean serum ALP levels showed highly increase in (Group 2) patients when compared to patients before treatment (Group 1)( P<0.0001), but the difference is not significantly higher between the newly diagnosis and controls (P<0.687).• A significant increase in mean serum direct bilirubin levels were observed in (Group 2) patients when compared to (Group 1) and healthy controls(P<0.0001).• Regarded to CRP levels in AML patients before and after treatment, the CRP levels increased in AML patients after treatment than newly diagnosed AML patients.Conclusions : Hepcidin and Interlukin - 6 may be used asprognostic for acute myeloid leukemia and also can play an important role in pathogenesis of AML.

تقييم نسبة الاديبونيكتين والانترلوكين - 6 واضداد البروتين الستروليني في مصل الدم وتركيب الجسم مع الكثافة الكتلوية للعظم لدى المرضى المصابين بالفصال العظمي العقدي == Evaluation Of Serum Adiponectin , Interleukin - 6 , Anti - Cyclic Citrulinated Peptide And Body Mass Index With Bone Mineral Density In Nodal Osteoarthritis Patients

اسم المؤلف: مصطفى سالم خلف
اسم المشرف: عدنان فاضل النجار | عباس طعمة جودة الخزاعي
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: الفصا العظمي العقدي هو واحد من انواع التهاب المفاصل الموضعي. هو مرض المفصل التنكسي او الانحلالي, ويشمل الغضروف المفصلي والعظم تحت الغضروف, وهو يعتبر نوع من انواع امراض المناعة الذاتية. السبب الرئيسي للفصال العظمي العقدي غير معروف لكن هناك اسباب متنوعة مثل | Nodal osteoarthritis (NOA) is one type of the localised osteoarthritis that mostly occurs with postmenopausal women. It is degenerative joint disease, including articular cartilage and subchondral bone, it consider type of autoimmune diseases. The main cause of NOA is unknown but there are variety of causes like hereditary and metabolic, may initiate processes leading to loss of cartilage. The cartilage loss process usually lead to induce the immune system to release many of immune factors like cytokines , these factors lead to generation of immune response and inflammation in the joint. The NOA mostly occurs with postmenopausal women. It affects the smaller joint. Over several years, firm knobbly swellings form on the finger joints. These are caused by osteophytes so lead to bony enlargement and are known as Heberden's nodes when they are at the end joints of fingers (distal interphalangeal joints) or Bouchard's nodes when they are at the mid - finger joints (proximal interphalangeal joints). Once the nodes are fully formed, and not necessarily painful, they do limit the movement of the fingers significantly. NOA leads to the formation of bunions, rendering them red or swollen. Some people notice these physical changes before they experience any pain, but in advance cases, many of Symptoms may include like joint pain, stiffness and sometimes an effusion. When bone surfaces become less well protected by cartilage, bone may be exposed and damaged. As a result of decreased movement secondary to pain, regional muscles may atrophy, and ligaments may become more lax.Many studies have been done about inflammatory and biochemical markers in NOA and they found conflicting results. Objective1 - To evaluate serum adiponectin , interleukin - 6 (IL - 6) , anti cyclic citrullinated peptide (ACCP) and bone mineral density (BMD) in NOA.2 - To asses the CRP , RF and ESR in NOA.3 - To asses effect of age , gender , effect of BMI , smoking habit and duration of disease in NOA.Material and Method This study performed during the period from November 2013 to February 2014. These subjects were selected from patients attending the Rheumatology & Rehabilitation Consultation Unit at Al - Yarmouk Teaching Hospital. Patients and controls with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, malignancy, chronic disease of kidney, liver and any patients taken drugs that might effect the results have been excluded from the study.The laboratory tests were done in Al - Yarmouk teaching hospital laboratories and the laboratory research unit in collage of medicine / department of medical biochemistry. Subjects80 subjects (60 patients & 20 healthy controls) were enrolled in this study : A. First group : Patients with Nodal Osteoarthritis (NOA), No. = 60 (female =49 & male =11), rang of age (40 - 88) years.B. Second group : Healthy control group who had no history or clinical evidence of NOA or any other chronic disease like hypertension, DM and other chronic disease that might effect on the study data, No. 20 (female = 15 & male =5 ), rang of age (48 - 82) years.The patients were diagnosed as NOA according to the 2013 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria, also the patients were diagnosed as normal, osteopenia and osteoporosis according to the 2013 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria by measured of BMD (T - score) Normal : T - score (more than or equal - 1), Osteopenia : T - score ( - 1.1 - - 2.5) and Osteoporosis : T - score (less than - 2.5). The patients BMI were measured and determined as Normal (18 - 24.9 kg/m2), Over weight (24.9 - 29.9 Kg/m2), Obese grade - I (29.9 - 34.9 kg/m2) and Obese grade - II (more than 34.9 kg/m2) according to WHO 2012.MethodsELISA technique was used for the determination of serum adiponectin, IL - 6 and ACCP. Measurement of serum uric acid was done by spectrophotometric instrument. qualitative serological tests were used for determination of the CRP and RF also ESR determination were done in hospital laboratory. The BMI was determined by WHO equation's (2012) (weight/ (length) 2), also the BMD was determined by DXA scan according to ACR limits.Results obtained were subjected to statistical analysis by using SPSS and Excel program.ResultsLevels of serum adiponectin, IL - 6, CRP, ESR and BMI were significantly increased in NOA patients most than healthy controls, also the BMD (T - score) significantly decreased in NOA patients than healthy controls. But the age, gender, serum ACCP and uric acid were not significantly changed in NOA patients compared with healthy controls. Study of age, gende , BMI and duration of disease, found that they did not effect any parameters studied in NOA patients, only serum ACCP level was found to be significantly increased in females than males. Serum adiponectin level and CRP were significantly increased more in osteoporosis than osteopenia and normal. CRP was significantly increased in smoker than non smoker NOA patients.This study showed negative correlation between serum adiponectin and BMD, positive correlation between serum adiponectin and ESR, serum adiponctin and IL - 6 and IL - 6 and ESR in NOA patients. This study illustrated change in the status of the inflammatory markers like adiponectin, IL - 6 and other parameters in NOA disease. It illustrated effect of some of the factors like age, gender, BMI, BMD, smoking habit and duration of disease on development of NOA disease and on the status of the parameters studied. Also this study illustrated some correlation between the parameters in NOA patients.

المرضى المصابين بالمتلازمة الشريانية الحاد Vaspin and Omentin - 1 : تقييم مستويات == Evaluation Of Serum Vaspin And Omentin - 1 Levels In Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

اسم المؤلف: مشتاق عبد هنيدي الطائي
اسم المشرف: ولاء احمد الجدة | عباس ناجي الشريفي
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is an insufficient supply of the myocardium with oxygenated blood in which atherosclerosis is an essential cause of myocardial ischemia. Adipokine biomarkers plays an essential role in the atherosclerosis and hence coronary artery disease. Serum Vaspin, Omentin - 1 and troponin I Fast are the biomarkers that believed to be independently associated with acute coronary syndrome.Objective : The study was carried out to evaluate : serum Vaspin,Omentin - 1 and Troponin I Fast in patients with acute coronary syndrome [ST - Elevation Myocardial Infarction(STEMI), Non - ST - segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (NSTEMI),and Unstable Angina pectoris (UA)], that may help in guiding the diagnosis and treatment.Subjects, Materials and Methods : The study include a total (100) individuals; (75) patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and (25) healthy control.A total number of 75 patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) (50 male ,25 female ) as : 25 patients with STEMI (22 male and 3 female) 25 patients NSTEMI(16 male and 9 female ) and 25 patients with unstable angina UA(12 male and13 female)were enrolled in this study all taken from Coronary Care Unit (CCU)at AL - Yarmouk Teaching Hospital.Each patient was clinically examined by the consultant cardiologist and the diagnosis was achieved by electrocardiograph (ECG), and cardiac enzyme levels.Venous blood sample (ten milliliters) was drawn from each patient and control after (10 - 12) hours overnight fasting, using a 10 ml disposable syringe between 9.00 and 11.00 A.M.The sample was divided into two portions one for testing Hb concentration and the other part was centrifuged to obtain serum, to be used for measuring the following variables : serum vaspin, serum omentin - 1 and Troponin I Fast, total cholesterol, triglyceride, High density lipoprotein cholesterol and low - density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood sugar, serum creatinine and uric acid.Body mass index was calculated according to the following equation : BMI=weight/height2, also blood pressure was measured.Results : Serum vaspin and omentin - 1 levels were significantly lower in patients groups in comparison with control group, while serum Troponin I fast, total cholesterol, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol levels were significantly higher in patients with coronary artery disease than controls. Negatively significant correlation was found between serum vaspin and omentin - 1 with (BMI, total cholesterol and troponin I Fast).Conclusion : Serum Vaspin and Omentin - 1 levels were lower in acute coronary syndrome patients in comparison with control group, serum vaspin and omentin - 1 showed significant changes with the development and progression of acute coronary syndrome and would be valuable in the assessment of patients with acute coronary syndrome.Vaspin and Omentin - 1 may be used as a predictor of ACS.

دور الهرمون مثبت الكالسيوم (الاوستيوكالسين) والهرمون شبيه الانسولين IGF - 1 في مصل الدم على هشاشة العظام لدى المصابات بداء السكري بعد سن الياس == The Role Of Osteocalcin And Insulin Like Growth Factor 1 (IGF - 1) On Osteoporosis In Diabetic Postmenopausal Women

اسم المؤلف: حيدر رضا محمد سعيد
اسم المشرف: نهلة مجيد الصقال | عبد الكريم يحيى السامرائي
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Osteoporosis is a systemic disease of the skeleton that characterized by low bone mass and alteration in micro - architecture of bone tissue, which leads to an increase in brittleness with the ensuing predisposition of bone fracture. Global statistics show that women are more exposed to this disease than men and in particular at menopause. Like osteoporosis, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is also greatly related to aging populations, and causes substantial morbidity and in some cases mortality. Diabetes mellitus could affect skeletal system and bone metabolism through multiple pathways and it has been considered as a major risk factor of osteoporosis.Objective : The aim of the study is to evaluate the usefulness of osteocalcin (OC), insulin - like growth factor I (IGF - 1) and bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women with type2 diabetes mellitus with or without osteoporosis and to compare the results of them with that of healthy control, in addition on studying role in the pathochemistry of osteoporosis and their validation as biomarkers of osteoporosis.Subjects & Methods : The study was performed during December 2013 to April 2014. Subjects were selected from outpatients attended National Diabetic Center (NDC)/ AL - Mustansiriyhiah University.Eighty - six (86) postmenopausal women aging (50 - 72) were included in this study. Subjects were divided into three group (I) included (25) healthy postmenopausal women without osteoporosis and diabetes mellitus (controls), Group (II) included (30) diabetic postmenopausal women without osteoporosis, Group (III) included (31) diabetic postmenopausal women with osteoporosis.Osteoporosis was diagnosed by measuring bone mineral density (BMD) by Dual energy X - ray absorptiometry (DXA). Also the levels of Fasting blood glucose (FBG), Calcium and phosphorus alkaline phosphatase (ALP) by spectrophotometer were measured in addition to measuring HbA1c level by NycoCard device using boronate assay affinity. While serum osteocalcin was measured using (ELISA) technique and IGF - 1 was measured using immunoradiometric assay. patients with malignant diseases, hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia, renal and hepatic diseases were excluded in addition to patients with chronic treatment with antiacids, estrogen, adrenal or anabolic steroids, anticonvulsants and anti - coagulants. Meanwhile, we ensured that all patients are not alcohol addiction and not smokers (passive & active).ResultsBone mineral density (BMD) was lower significantly in diabetic type II postmenopausal women with osteoporosis compared to diabetic type II postmenopausal women without osteoporosis and control group (0.68±0.04 g/cm2) , ( 0.87±0.03 g/cm2) , (0.89 ± 0.04 g/cm2), (P<0.001) respectively.The mean serum OC was lower significantly in diabetic type II postmenopausal women with osteoporosis group compared to diabetic type II postmenopausal women without osteoporosis group and control group (22.3±5.92 ng/ml), (27.2±5.96ng/ml), (27.3 ±3.49ng/ml) (P<0.001) respectively. Also the mean serum IGF - 1 was lower significantly in diabetic type II postmenopausal women with osteoporosis group compared to diabetic type II postmenopausal women without osteoporosis group and control group (46.6±8.41ng/ml), (65±8.48ng/ml), (88.2 ± 9.91ng/ml) (P<0.001) respectively.The mean of Fasting Blood Glucose was higher significantly in diabetic type II postmenopausal women with osteoporosis group compared to diabetic type II postmenopausal women without osteoporosis group, and control group (204.4±15.29 mg/dl), (187.2±13.45 mg/dl) , (93 ± 7.79 mg/dl) (P<0.001) respectively.The mean HbA1c was higher significantly in diabetic type II postmenopausal women with osteoporosis group compared to diabetic type II postmenopausal women without osteoporosis group, and control group (8±0.5), (7.5±0.53), (5.2 ± 0.33), (P<0.001) respectively.Also results showed no significant change in levels of calcium, phosphorus and alkaline phosphatase in the serum of diabetic type II postmenopausal women with osteoporosis group, compared to diabetic type II postmenopausal women without osteoporosis group and control group.There was a significant positively correlation between BMD with serum osteocalcin (r=0.43, P<0.001) and a strong positively significant correlation between BMD with serum IGF - 1(r=0.706, P<0.001). Also there was a significant negative correlation between BMD with HbA1c ( r= - 0.339, P=0.001), FBG(r= - 0.457, P<0.005) and Age (r= - 0.466, P<0.001).Also there was a positively significant correlation between serum osteocalcin with IGF - 1 (r= 0.34,p=0.007) and serum osteocalcin with BMD (r=0.43, P<0.001).Simultaneously there was a positively significant correlation between serum IGF - 1 and ostocalcin (r=0.34,p=0.007) and a positively significant correlation between serum IGF - 1 and BMD( (r=0.706, P<0.001). Also there was a negatively significant correlation between serum IGF - 1 with HbA1c (r= - 0.332,p=0.009), FBG(r= - 0.345,p=0.005) and Age (r= - 0.496, P<0.001).Conculsion Assessing the circulating levels of osteocalin and IGF - 1 may provide very useful information to diagnose or predict osteoporosis in Type 2 diabetic postmenopausal women.

دور ال Inhibin - B,FSH وهرمون التستيستيرون في الذكور المصابين بالعقم == Role Of INHIBIN - B Hormone, Follicular Stimulating Hormone, And Testosterone In Infertile Men

اسم المؤلف: احمد عبد الرحيم ابراهيم ضاحي
اسم المشرف: شذى الخطيب | صباح مهدي حسين
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تقييم مستوى هرمون الانهبين.ب. وهرمون المحفز للجريب والتيستوستيرون واللوتيني وهرمون الحليب والاستراديول في مصل والسائل المنوي للاشخاص العقيمين ومعرفة ايهم فائدة اكثر للتشخيص المبكر للعقم بعد مقارنة النتائج مع الاشخاص الاصحاء.المكانوقد اجريت هذه الدراسة خ

الاختلال الانبساطي الوظيفي للبطين الايسر عند مرضى داء السكري من النوع الثاني == The Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction In Asymptomatic Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients

اسم المؤلف: الاء سعد عادل
اسم المشرف: اسماعيل ابراهيم حسين القرغولي | عباس ناجي مسلم الشريفي
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الطب
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: نسبة الاختلال الانبساطي الوظيفي للبطين الايسر عند مرضى داء السكري من النوع الثاني والكشف عنها بواسطة فحص الدوبلر النسيجي هدف الدراسة : للبحث عن نسبة الاختلال الانبساطي الوظيفي للبطين الايسر والذي يعد كعامل خطورة على وظائف القلب والاوعية الدموية عند مرضى | Our study about the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in asymptomatic type 2 diabetic patients, detected by 2 - D and tissue Doppler echocardiography. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is the most common chronic disease, with several complications, affecting all systems and ages. The trends towards improving the longevity in diabetes are achieved by the glycemic control and prevention of complication. Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction (LVDDX) refers to mechanical abnormalities that impede effective volume filling during diastole. It has been described as an early sign of diabetic cardiomyopathy preceding the systolic damage. It can lead progressively to heart failure and is linked to increased mortality.Objective : The aim of this study is to estimate the percentage of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in asymptomatic patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus detected by 2 - D and tissue Doppler echocardiography.Setting : This study is conducted by the department of physiology, college of medicine, Al - Mustansirirya university in cooperation with the unit of Echocardiography at Al - Yarmouk Teaching Hospital in Baghdad during the period from November 2013 to July 2014. Patients and methods : A total number of 130 subject were examined, where 38 were excluded and only 92 were included in this study, about 46 healthy subjects (control group) (with mean age of 47.07±7.6 year) and 46 patients with T2DM (with mean age of 49.39±5.7 year).Main outcome measures : The plan of the study consisted of the following steps : 1. History interview2. Physical examination3. Physical measurements including : body mass index (BMI), neck circumference (NC), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC) , mid thigh circumference (MTC) calculation by measuring tape.4. Electrocardiography5. Conventional echocardiography and TDI6. Blood sample for hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS), lipid profile.Results : Our study showed structural and functional changes in the left ventricle in a sample of diabetic patients. Diastolic dysfunction presents in 69.6% of diabetic patients, 41% were males and 59% were females. The mean age of the diabetic patients was 49±5.7 year. The mean duration of diabetes in asymptomatic normotensive type 2 diabetic patients was 7.6 ± 6.4 year. By TDI the diabetic patients in comparison to control group show lower E` average velocity (8.9±1.9 Vs 10.7±1.6 cm/sec)(P<0.0001), higher E/E` average ratio (7.4±1.7 Vs 6.4±1.3cm/sec) (P<0.04), lower E`/A` ratio (0.8±0.3 Vs 1.02±0.3)(P<0.004). While by conventional echo the diabetic patients show lower E velocity (63.7±13.4 Vs 72±19.9cm/sec) (P<0.01) and lower E/A ratio (0.9±0.3 Vs 1.17±0.4) (P<0.0001). Biochemical analysis show lower HDL (1.1±0.2mmol/l)(P<0.0001) and higher TG/HDL (1.8±1.4)(P=0.025). The study showed that diabetic patients had higher BMI 30.6±5.5 kg/m2 (P=0.052), higher neck circumference (40.4±3.9 cm) (P=0.034) and higher waist circumference (105.7±11.7 cm)(P<0.0001). All other values were not significant. Our study revealed that the highest percentage of LV diastolic dysfunction found in the group of diabetic patient with the highest duration of type 2 DM disease. The study revealed some correlations between some parameters of the study like : the duration of T2DM was positively correlated with A velocity (r= 0.29, p= 0.048), FBS was negatively correlated with A velocity (r= - 0.39, p= 0.008), FBS was negatively correlated with LVEDD (r= - 0.29, p= 0.049), FBS was negatively correlated with neck circumference (r= - 0.48, p= 0.0008), HDL was negatively correlated with IVS thickness (r= - 0.567, p= 0.00003) and mid - thigh circumference was positively correlated with A` average velocity (r= - 0.39, p= 0.008)Conclusion : 1. Type - 2 diabetes Mellitus is associated with a higher percentage of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction which is increased with the increased duration of DM. 2. Tissue Doppler echocardiography is a valuable tool in detecting LV diastolic dysfunction in asymptomatic normotensive diabetic patients with non significant features on conventional echocardiography.3. TDI is more sensitive and specific in detecting LV diastolic dysfunction in asymptomatic type 2 DM than pulsed wave flow Doppler.

دراسة بكتريولوجية على التفاقم الحاد لمرضى الانسداد الرئوي المزمن == Bacteriological Study On Acute Exacerbation Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Patients

اسم المؤلف: هبة اسماعيل علي العزي
اسم المشرف: عروبة خالد عباس | عبد الحميد القصير
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: لا يزال مرض الانسداد الرئوي المزمن مشكلة رئيسية في مجال الصحة العامة. ويرتبط التفاقم الحاد مع فقدان سريع في وظيفة الرئة وخلل في نوعية الحياة وهي من الاسباب الرئيسية للامراضية والوفيات في مرضى الانسداد الرئوي المزمن. تعتبر العدوى البكتيريا هي من الاسباب | Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease remains a main problem in public health. The acute exacerbations are related with rapid loss in lung function and defect in the quality of life and are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in COPD. This study was carried out to isolate and identify the bacteria that cause acute exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and sensitivity of isolated bacteria for most of the antibiotics currently in use.Eighty sputum specimens from patients were included in this study and their age was range forty and above , during the period from January 2015 to June 2015 from three places Al - Yarmouk Teaching Hospital, Medical City Hospital and Medical Al khademeain Emamaain City.Bacteria were identified in 52 (65%) while the patient is not specified any reasoned in 28 patients (35%) patients. The diagnosis of bacteria through culture and microscopic examinations and biochemical tests necessary for diagnosis and then the diagnosis has been confirmed of isolation by the Vitek method for each bacterium, the percentages were as follows : Streptococcus pneumoniae was the most frequently isolated bacteria, which recovered from 21 (26.25%) patients. Followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp., which isolated from (7.5%, 7.5%, and 5%) of patients respectively, while (3.75%) for each of Acinetobacter baumannii & Staphylococcus aureus. The proportion of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was (2.5%) while the proportion (1.25%) for each of Enterobacter cloacae, Leclercia adecarboxylata, Moraxella catarrhalis & Raoultella ornithinolytica.Through the search three cases were infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis diagnosed by direct Acid Fast Stain test and their percentage was (3.75%).Sensitivity of bacterial isolates to antibiotics Carbapenems and Doxycycline and Chloramphenicol were the most effective against tested bacteria in vitro while Erythromycin, Tetracycline, and Amoxicillin were the least sensitive

دراسة مناعية وجزيئية لخمج القرنية بحمة الحلا - 1 (حمة الهربس البسيط - 1) == Immunological And Molecular Study Of Herpes Simplex Virus - 1 Keratitis

اسم المؤلف: نهاية كاظم سالم
اسم المشرف: عبد العظيم ياسين عبود البراك | فائز اسماعيل الشكرجي
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يمثل التهاب القرنية (Keratitis) مشكلة كبيرة قد تؤدي الى فقدان البصر احيانا نتيجة لخدش القرنية او فقدان الوضوحية في القرنية بعد اختفاء الالتهاب, ويعتبر فايروس الحلا (الهربس) البسيط - 1Herpes Simplex Virus - 1(HSV - 1))) هو من اهم العوامل المسببة لمرض التهاب ال | Keratitis is a medical term referring to inflammation of the cornea. It is a serious problem, resulting in everlasting loss of vision as a secondary effect to corneal scarring or loss of clarity of the cornea after the inflammation has disappeared. Most common microbes causing viral corneal keratitis is Herpes Simplex Virus - 1 (HSV - 1). HSV - 1 is a double stranded DNA (dsDNA) virus belongs to the Herpesiviridae. It affects the majority of peoples and its infections have been frequently without clinical manifestation. Ocular HSV - 1 infections caused multiple pathologies with possibly the most damaging being herpetic stromal keratitis (HSK). This study aimed to evaluate the abilities of the immunological and molecular indicators to diagnose herpetic keratitis in the infected and contralateral eye of patients, as well as to assess the immune status of both eyes by using tears and corneal scraping. Fifty - two patients with herpetic keratitis involved in this study, they attended the outpatient clinics / Ibn - AL - Haithum Teaching Hospital from March 2014 until December 2014. For the purpose of comparison, thirty, apparently healthy age matched control subjects were also included. Tears were collected from infected eyes of the 52 patients and from 16 out of the 52 patients contralateral eyes as well as from 30 controls. Corneal scraping had been obtained from 16 patient's infected eyes with corneal ulcers (epithelial ulcers) out of the total patients (52) with herpetic keratitis. Indirect immunofluorescence assay technique (IFA) was applied to measure levels of immunoglobulins (sIgA and IgG) in tears specific to HSV - 1. Realtime - polymerase chain reaction RT - PCR test was used to diagnose HSV - 1 in corneal scraping and tears of patients and control subjects. Interlukin - 17 (IL - 17A), tumor necrosis factor - alpha (TNF - ?) and interferon - gamma (IFN - ?) were measured in tear samples from patients and control subjects by the ELISA sandwich method. In tear samples; results of RT - PCR showed that 39/52 (75%) of the total patient's infected eyes were positive, 12/16 contralateral eyes were positive (75%). Corneal scraping and tear samples were taken from 16 patients with corneal ulcer, tear samples 14/16 (87.5%) positive result, while the corneal scraping samples were 16/16 (100%) positive, this indicates clearly that the cornea scraping is more appropriate and sensitive sample to detect HSV - 1 than tear. All controls were RT - PCR negative. IFA results of IgA and IgG in tears of infected and contralateral eyes were found to be more than the concentration in tears of control eyes with a highly significant p - value (0.0001). Comparison between the infected and the contralateral eyes indicates that both patients' eyes expressed a significant humoral immune response against HSV - 1. Although there were high significant differences between both the mean value of tears IL - 17A in infected and contralateral eyes with control, while the comparison between patient both eyes gave non - significant difference. The mean of tears TNF - ? and IFN - ? concentration in infected eyes of patients as compared to control was found to be highly significant (p= 0.0001). In this study we compared between patients infected eye with control to evaluate the performance of different markers in tear as HSV - 1specific sIgA, HSV - 1 specific IgG, IL - 17, TNF - ? and IFN - ? by using statistical test called Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve, the sensitivity for all studied parameters ranged from 80% - 96%.At the same time the comparisons between patient contralateral eyes and controls also revealed a high sensitivity range for these parameters ranged from 81% - 100%.These findings proved the ability of these markers in confirming diagnosis of HSV - 1 keratitis. In conclusion, the high percentage of RT - PCR results for corneal scraping sample indicate that this sample and by using this technique is more appropriate and sensitive to detect HSV - 1 than tear samples and detect the shedding of virus in both eyes of the same patients. Both patient eyes indicated that they were a good source for HSV - 1 diagnosis. In spite of the high sensitivity of all studied markers and their diagnostic ability, TNF - ? showed a higher sensitivity. To assess the immunological status of Herpetic keratitis patients, the studied markers TNF - ?, IFN - ? and IL - 17 were evaluated and showed a highly significant differences which indicated there was an active inflammatory condition combined with HSV - 1 infection and finally it can be concluded that both humoral and cellular branches of immune responses were involved in this disease.

دراسة جزيئية ومناعية لدى عينة من مرضى التدرن الرئوي == Molecular And Immunological Study In A Sample Of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients

اسم المؤلف: مي يحيى عبد الحسين
اسم المشرف: عروبة خالد عباس | احمد اسمر منخي
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعتبر مرض السل الرئوي tuberculosis الذي تسببه بكترياMycobacterium tuberculosis من الامراض المعدية والشائعة واحد الاسباب الرئيسية لحالات الوفاة في العالم, ولاهميته اجريت هذه الدراسة لتسليط الضوء اكثر حول التشخيص المناعي للمرض وعلاقته بالتشخيص الجزيئي.تضم | Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis; which consider as one of the most common, infectious diseases and major causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. A prospective study was conducted to diagnose disease by immunological methods and its association with molecular diagnosis.The study included immunological diagnosis by Quantiferon - TB Gold In Tube Test, estimation the serum levels of IFN - ?, TNF - ? and IL - 10 in TB patients and control by a sandwich ELISA test using commercially available kits, in addition to molecular diagnosis by using Gene Xpert MTB/RIF assay, conventional bacteriological tests such as smear microscopy by Ziehl - Neelsen stain for sputum samples. Furthermore, estimation of ESR and WBCs.Fifty TB patients attending the National Reference Laboratory of Tuberculosis /Baghdad from the period between April to July 2014 were recruited in this study. For the purpose of comparison, 50 control samples (respiratory disease and healthy) matched by age and gender were also included.All TB patients' samples were positive by smear microscopy. The results revealed that there were significance differences between AFB scoring and G - Xpert results (p Forty five samples of TB patients with significance difference (p?0.01) were positively detected by Quantiferon - TB Gold Test.The mean serum level of QFT among TB patient and control (3.54 IU/ml vs. 0.866 IU/ml and 0.556 IU/ml), IL - 10 (53.02 Pg/ml vs. 22.24 pg/ml and 7.51 pg/ml) and TNF - ? (74.34 Pg/ml vs. 49.12 Pg/ml and 27.81 pg/ ml) were significantly higher in TB patients as compared to controls (P?0.05).In conclusion, high levels of IFN - ?, TNF - ? and IL - 10 in TB patients serum indicate an important role of theses cytokines in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis, so they could be considered as a good biomarkers for diagnosis and considered as a target for future therapy. The present study revealed significant difference in the WBCs and ESR values between TB patients and control (P?0.05)

دراسة خمج فيروس الكبد نمط جي HGV في مرضى الثلاسيميا المصابين وغير المصابين بفيروس الكبد سي (HCV) واهميته السريرية

اسم المؤلف: مريم صبري ابراهيم
اسم المشرف: اروى هادي الحمداني | اشنا جمال فائق
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: المرضى المصابين بفقر دم البحر الابيض المتوسط هم اكثر عرضة للاصابة بالالتهابات الفيروسية المنقولة دمويا. التهاب الكبد الفيروسي نمط جي (HGV)هو فيروس رنوي(RNA) مرتبط بالتهاب الكبد الفيروسي الحاد والمزمن. التهاب الكبد الفيروسي نمط سيHCV) ) والتهاب الكبد الفير | Thalassemia patients are at increased risk of infection with parentally transmitted viral agents. The hepatitis G virus (HGV) is an RNA virus, which is associated with acute or chronic hepatitis. Hepatitis G virus (HGV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections may have a role in complicating the clinical outcome in patients with thalassemia. This study was designed to investigate the prevalence and clinical importance of HGV infection in thalassemia patients with or without hepatitis C virus (HCV) co - infection, furthermore to sequence and analyze phylogentic of HGV clones. One hundred fifty four thalassemia patients (56.5% male, 43.5% female) with a mean age of 22.84±6.06 years were involved in this study that was conducted in the period between Feb. to May, 2014. Anti - HCV antibody was determined by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and confirmed by western blot. Then, HCV - RNA was detected in 53.2% of anti - HCV positive thalassemia patients. HGV antibodies were evaluated by ELISA. Also, the HGV viremia was analyzed in patients with thalassemia by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT - PCR) protocol. Results obtained showed that the anti - E2 - HGV were found in 16 out of 154 (10.4%) thalassemia patients with significant decrease in its prevalence with increasing age, while HGV viremia was diagnosed in 28 out of 154 (18.2%) patients with thalassemia. No association of HGV infection was found with gender, age and frequency of blood transfusion.According to HCV and HGV infection status, thalassemia patients were categorized into four subgroups : subgroup I (HGV infection), subgroup II (HCV infection), subgroup III (co - infection of HCV and HGV), and subgroup IV (thalassemia patients with neither HCV nor HGV infection). Seven point one percent (7.1%) of thalassemia patients were found to be co - infected with HCV and HGV.In all thalassemia subgroups, liver transaminases; alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and total serum bilirubin (TSB) were determined, in addition to measure serum ferritin levels by VIDAS. HCV infection shows significant increase in ALT level while in HGV is not. Co - infection with HCV and HGV decrease ALT levels when compared with infection with HCV alone, so HGV infection is suggested to have no role in increasing the severity of liver diseases in the thalassemia patients. In HGV infection, there were significant increase in ALP levels and significant decrease in ferritin levels than other subgroups in the study. However, HGV infection shows no significant differences in AST and TSB than other subgroups. The results of genotyping in 12 randomly selected patients showed presence of genotype 2 and genotype 5 with percentage of 91.7% and 8.3% respectively. The diagnosis of prevalence of HGV and HCV in patients with thalassemia in Iraq emphasized the importance of these lymphotropic viral hepatitis infections in pathogenesis and outcome of thalassemia patients.

دراسة معظم السمات المناعية وتحديد البكتريا الابرز في مرض التهاب السحايا باستعمال تقنية البي سي ار == Study Some Immunological Aspects And Determination Of Most Prominent Bacteria In Meningitis Patients By Using Real Time Pcr

اسم المؤلف: شيماء عبد الرضا حميد
اسم المشرف: زينب فاضل عاشور | دريد قاسم الشريف
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Meningitis, which is inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord and can occur at any age, it is caused by infectious microorganisms include (Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, and Parasites) and non infectious include (Drugs, Carcinoma and Inflammatory disorder), also requires early treatment with aggressive use of potent antimicrobials; otherwise the outcome almost ends fatally.The predominant causes of bacterial meningitis are streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Neisseria meningitides.This prospective study includes 40 cases of meningitis which have been admitted to the Baghdad Teaching Hospital and Child Welfare Teaching Hospital during the period from May to November/ 2014.The detection of meningitis causative agent were specified by using the standard biochemical and microbiological methods such as : Determination of protein and sugar in Cerebrospinal fluid, Differential and cell count, growth on Culture media and morphological appearance on Gram's stain.Confirmative tests were also done for identification of meningitis causative agent; these tests included Procalcitonin, IL - 6, CRP, D. Dimer. These confirmative tests have been crowned by PCR technique, by employing the detection of the bacterial gene.The DNA of bacteria was extracted from CSF of meningitis patients and detection the type of bacteria gene by using multiplex PCR technique that using primers to amplify each ply, bexA and ctrA gene.Out of 40 samples, 28 (70%) were identified as bacterial meningitis and 12 (30%) as viral meningitis, the result of PCR reaction revealed unmistakably that 20 (71.4%) of 28 were detected the bacteria (S. pneumonia, H. influenzaetype b and N. meningitides) as a causative agent, while there were no detectable infectious agents in the (40) control group included in this study.Viral meningitis patients showed the number of lymphocytes (31.92 cell/ mm3) and neutrophils (1.00 cell/ mm3), while the highest number of lymphocytes and neutrophils in bacterial meningitis caused by S. pneumoniae (77.08 cell/ mm3) , (28.86 cell/ mm3) respectively, so that there was significant difference between cells (lymphocyte and neutrophil) with study group at P value = 0.010, P value = 0.013 respectively. In microbiological examination 22.5% of patients group (40) showed positive result of culture and 7.5% showed positive result of gram stain.In biochemical tests, the detection of Cerebrospinal fluid's protein and glucose level was done. The level of protein concentrations in bacterial meningitis with S. pneumoniae (103.08 mg/l), H. influenzae (65.14 mg/l) and in other bacteria was (124.44 mg/l) which is higher than the protein concentration in viral meningitis (42.25 mg/l), and these results showed highly significant difference at (P=0.010). Results of glucose's level determination showed that there were no significant difference among the studied groups (P =0.2). Results of glucose's level determination showed the presence of non significant difference among the studied groups, (60.92 mg/dl), (43, 57 mg/ dl), (51.00 mg/dl), (41.50 mg/dl) consecutively appeared in bacterial, viral.Interleukin - 6 and Procalcitonin levels were diagnosed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay, while the plasma D. Dimer and erum C - Reactive protein was diagnosed by NaycoCard technique.The current results showed the presence of high concentration of IL - 6 among meningitis patients, high concentration of serum IL - 6 appeared in bacterial and viral meningitis (28.68 pg/ml) when compared with control group (2.194 pg/ml) (P =0.001), while CSF IL - 6 show high concentration in bothbacterial and viral meningitis but with no significant difference (579.24 pg/ml) (P =0.0001). The data of this study showed, there was correlation between IL - 6 levels and neutrophil in meningitis patients. Interleukin - 6 had significant correlation with neutrophil (P =0.009). While no significant correlation appeared between IL - 6 and Lymphocyte.Procalcitonin results showed high concentration in bacterial meningitis group compared with viral and control group with a highly significant differences (P =0.0001).The results of CRP shown no significant differences between bacterial and viral group, while the levels of D. Dimer appear significant differences in both groups when compared with control group.Current study indicated that PCR, Procalcitonin and D. Dimer played an important role in diagnosis of meningitis disease.

العلاقة بين مرض السكري المناعي الذاتي الكامن النمط الثاني للبالغين مع الخمج بالملوية البوابية == Association Between Latent Autoimmune Diabetes Of Adults In Type Ii Dm With Helicobacter Pylori Infection

اسم المؤلف: سيف علي مكلف
اسم المشرف: عروبة خالد عباس | مدين علي حسين
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) is a form of diabetes which is less recognized and underdiagnosed type of diabetes which appears to have characteristics of both type 1 (autoimmune in nature) and type 2 diabetes (adult age at onset).Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has a worldwide distribution. The bacteria colonize more than half of the world population and consider the main cause of gastritis, peptic ulceration, gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric lymphoma. The host immune response is unable to clear the infection and may actually contribute to the associated pathogenesis, also the bacterial virulent factors had certain role in the pathogenicity of infection as it was stated by limited studies that the Cytotoxin associated gene A (CagA) protein and Vacuolating cytotoxin gene A (VacA) protein positive strains are possibly associated with severe infections.The present study was designed to find out the percent of LADA patients among group of type II Iraqi diabetic patients and the relation between LADA patients and H. pylori infection.The study was carried out on 350 type II patients attending the National Diabetes Center/ Al - Mustansirrhea University/ Baghdad Al - Yarmouk during the period May to October 2014 were recruited for this study. Diagnostic markers for LADA, namely, C - peptide levels by Radioimmunoassay and GAD autoantibodies by ELISA test were determined and other Various parameters such as, HbA1c levels, Anti - H.pylori IgG, Anti - CagA protein and Anti - VacA protein by ELISA test were evaluated and correlated with type 2 diabetes and 40 control, matched by age and gender were also included.57 patients of 350 of type II have low C - peptide level, from which, 40 patients have Anti - GAD65 positive and 17 patients have Anti - GAD65 negative.The percentage of LADA patients among type II diabetes was 11.4%.The mean serum levels of C - peptide of LADA patients, controls and type II diabetes (0.30 vs. 1.94 and 3.15ng/ml) were significantly lower in LADA patients as compared to controls and type II patients (p?0.05).Also the mean blood concentrations of HbA1c of LADA patients, type II and controls (8.5 vs. 7.5 and 5.2 %) were significantly higher in LADA patients as compared to type II patients and controls (p?0.05).The Higher frequency of anti - H. pylori IgG was in LADA patients when compared with patient's controls and healthy controls (59.6%, 21.3% and 19.1%) and the p - value (?0.05).In conclusion, Cytotoxic associated gene A protein (Cag A) protein is more frequency with H. pylori positive patients 36/47 (76.6%) indicate an important role of this virulence factor in the pathogenesis of H. pylori, so they could be considered as a good biomarker for discern the risk of developing serious gastroduodenal disease in the host, than Vacuolating cytotoxin A Protein (Vac A) which is less frequency than Cag A in H. pylori positive patients 16/47 (34%).

دراسة التعبير المناعي النسيجي الكيميائي لبعض المعلمات المناعية في مختلف درجات سرطان البروستات == Study The Immunohistochemical Expression Of Some Immunological Markers In Different Grades Of Prostate Cancer

اسم المؤلف: حسن هادي زريج
اسم المشرف: زينب فاضل عاشور | وسن عبد الاله باقر
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer related death among males worldwide. Prostate cancer developed in prostate , a gland that is located below the bladder and just in front of rectum.Inflammation is a fundamental physiological process that can arise in any tissue in response to traumatic, infectiousor autoimmune injury. Transforming growth factor beta one (TGF - ?I) is a potential regulator of prostate cancer cell growth that signals through a heteromeric complex composed of type I and type II receptors.TGF - ?R II is an important receptor , because TGF - ? bind to receptor II to initiate it's signaling, then receptor II recruits receptor I to initiate signal transduction. Interleukin - 17 (IL - 17) is a pro - inflammatory cytokine produced by T - helper 17 (Th17) cells contributes toboth the processes by playing a dual role in the antitumor immunity. On one hand, IL - 17 encourages an antitumor cytotoxic T cell response leading to tumor regression. On the other hand, by promoting angiogenesis and egress of tumor cells from the primary focus, so IL - 17 promotes tumor growth.This study was carried out to establish the correlation between expression of Transforming growth factor beta one(TGF - ?I), Transforming growth factor beta receptor one (TGF - ?RI) and Transforming growth factor beta receptor two (TGF - ?RII) and prostate cancer progression. Also to establish the role of IL - 17 in prostate cancer development.The study consisted of 16 patients with poorly differentiated malignancy (PDM) ,whose age ranged (48 - 89) years, with mean age of (71.2) years , and 25 patients with moderately differentiated malignancy(MDM) , whose age ranged (31 - 83) years , with mean age of (66.6) years , and 46 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) , whose age ranged (27 - 85) years , with mean age of (64.3) years. Allpatients were diagnosed surgically by consultant physicians in Baghdad hospital for specialist surgeries , Al - Yarmook teaching hospital ,as well as AL - Hilla teaching hospital , and 20 normal tissue sample taken from cadaver, whose age ranged (17 - 28) years , with mean age of (21.8) years , where chosen as a control group. The work was conducted in Iraqi center for cancer and medical genetic researches. The study were performed during the period from March 2014 to December 2014).Immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique was used to detect the level of expression of TGF - ?I , TGF - ?RI , TGF - ?RII and IL - 17 protein in tissues of patients and healthy control groups.The current study revealed that there was significant difference in mean levels of TGF - ?I protein expression between each of poorly and moderately differentiated malignancy compared with healthy control subjects with P - value of 0.001 , but there was no significant difference in mean level of TGF - ?Iprotein expression between benign prostatic hyperplasia and healthy control subjects with P - value of 0.398. Also there was no significant difference between poorly and moderately differentiated malignancy in mean level of TGF - ?I protein expression.TGF - ?R1 protein was expressed in 3 (18.7%) and 14 (56%) of poorly and moderately differentiated malignancy respectively , with weak immunostaining reaction was the most frequent score. There was significant difference in mean level of TGF - ?RI protein expression among all studied groups. TGF - ?RII protein was expressed in 6 (37.5%) and 22 (88%) of poorly and moderately differentiated malignancy respectively ,with weak immunostaining reaction was the most frequent score. There was significant difference in mean level of TGF - ?RII protein expression among all studied groups.IL - 17 immunohistochemical expression was detected in tissues of all studied groups , the results showed that moderate immunostaining reaction was the most frequent score among them. There was significant difference in mean levels of IL - 17 protein expression among all studied groups.We concluded that there was statistically significant association between the loss ofexpression of TGF - ?1 signaling receptors, especially TGF - ?RI, andincreasing grades of malignancy in prostate cancer. These resultssuggest a potential mechanism for prostate cancer cells toescape the growth inhibitory effect of TGF - ? and thus, leadingto a more malignant phenotype.

دراسة التنميط الجيني لفيروس الSEN في متبرعي الدم الاصحاء ومرضى الثلاسيميا المصابين وغير المصابين بفيروس التهاب الكبد نمط ج واهميته السريرية == Genotypic Study Of SEN Virus In Healthy Blood Donors And Thalassemia Patients; With Or Without HCV Infection And Its Clinical Importance

اسم المؤلف: بشار منذر خزعل الزبيدي
اسم المشرف: اروى هادي الحمداني | اشنا جمال فائق
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Blood transfusion is one of the most common routes of viral hepatitis transmission among population. There are several diseases need continuous blood transfusions to manage the patient's condition; one of these diseases is ?thalassemia, so these patients are at increased risk of infection with blood transfusion transmitted agents. SEN - Virus is a DNA virus which is associated with acute post - transfusion hepatitis and the prevalence with the clinical importance and also the genetic characterization are still much unknown in Iraq; therefore, this study was designed to investigate the occurrence and the clinical importance of SEN - virus infection in healthy blood donors and thalassemia patients with or without HCV infection and then the study of the genome sequencing and the phylogenetic analysis of SEN - V clones. One hundred and fifty eight thalassemia patients (57.6% male, 42.4% female), with mean age of 16.8±8.5 year, and one hundred and fifty healthy blood donors with randomly selected persons (58.7%male, 41.3% female), with mean age of 16.7±8.6 year. All these samples involved in this study that were conducted in the period between January to June 2015. SEN - V had been identified by DNA extraction, DNA amplification by nested conventional PCR and then Agarose gel electrophoresis amplified DNA bands detection; while HCV was identified by RNA extraction, RNA reverse transcription into complementary DNA, DNA amplification by nested conventional PCR and then Agarose gel electrophoresis amplified DNA bands detection. Liver transaminases (Aspartate Transaminase and Alanine Transaminase) were determined, in addition of measure of serum ferritin levels by VIDAS. SEN - V was detected in 68 out of 158 (43%) thalassemia patients and 16 out of 150 (10.7%) blood donors. HCV prevalence was (11.4%) in thalassemia patients. There was significant increase observed in the occurrence of SEN - V or HCV infection with age but there was no significant difference observed in the occurrence of both with gender. The most important (hepatotropic) SEN - V genotypes were SEN - V - D and SEN - V - H and there were patients infected with D genotype or H genotype alone, while there were patients co - infected with D and H. According to HCV and SEN - V co - infection status, patients and controls subdivided into six subgroups : subgroup I was thalassemia HCV RNA + and SENV DNA +, subgroup II was thalassemia HCV RNA + and SEN - V - , subgroup III was thalassemia HCV RNA - and SEN - V DNA +, subgroup IV was thalassemia HCV RNA - and SEN - V - , subgroup V was control SEN - V + and finally subgroup VI was control SEN - V - . Statistical analysis revealed that there was significant increase in AST and ALT levels in subgroup I when compared with the other subgroups - that showed the increasing relationship in the case of infection with both viruses - and there were no any significant differences in ferritin levels among these subgroups. Moreover, there were no significant differences between SEN - V - D, SEN - V - H and SEN - V - D and H co - infected samples in AST, ALT and ferritin among thalassemia patients and controls. The results from the study of gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of samples of amplified SEN - V - D and samples of amplified SEN - V - H DNA which were selected randomly from blood donors and thalassemia patients infected with D or H genotypes alone or together (co - infection), revealed that the most transmission route of SEN - V D and H was blood transfusion that is because there was (99%) gene similarity between blood donors and thalassemia patients, furthermore SEN - V - D or SEN - V - H sequences of the co - infected persons were the same sequences of D or H genotypes alone and with the observations of similarity with neighboring countries.

التاثير الموضعي لعلاج الفيناسترايد في علاج مرض الشعرانية مجهولة السبب == The Effect of Topical Finasteride In Treatment of Idiopathic Hirsutism

اسم المؤلف: يحيى ابراهيم يحيى
اسم المشرف: نسرين جلال محمد البياتي | وسام علي امين
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الادوية والسموم
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعرف مصطلح الشعرانية هو الشعر الاكثر خشونة وسمكا في النساء مثل نمط والمواقع في الذكور , الاندروجين المسؤولة عن تغير في الصوت وزيادة في كتلة العضلات في المراة هو هرمون التستوستيرون، وانه المسؤول عن الشعرانية، ونظرا لحدوث درجة عالية من هذا المرض في العراق | The term hirsutism defines as presence of coarser, thicker and terminal hair in women in a male like pattern and locations.The androgen responsible for the change in voice and the increase in muscle mass in women is testosterone, and that responsible for hirsutism and due to the highly incidence of this disease in Iraq so the finasteride cream 1% used and the study was carried out in Collage of Medicine / Babylon University from November 2013 - November 2014 for treatment of fifty five females were enrolled in this study. Their age was between (18 - 55 years) and the mean of their age was 32.26. Those females were chosen from Consulting dermatologist department in Mergan medical city in Babylon in which these females were complained from hirsutism and After preparation Finasteride 1% cream and using it by the patients it was measured TSH,FSH,LH and free Testosterone and the follow up every 15 day and after 3 months (end of study) it was measured the same parameters TSH,FSH,LH and free Testosterone and ferryman gallawy scores the patients had two parts : (Pretreatment) the patients with TSH,FSH,LH and free Testosterone level before treated with finasteride cream. (Post treatment) the patients were taking the Finasteride cream and the TSH,FSH,LH and free Testosterone levels measured after three months of treatment with finasteride cream and also measured the : • Hair color• Hair removal frequency of the patients• Pain severity before and after treatment• F - Gallawy score• Visual analogue scoreand the follow up every 15 day and after 3 months (end of study) it was measured the same parameters Finasteride cream 1% had significant decrease in the serum free testosterone levels with no significant effects on others parameters as TSH and FSH and LH level. From the above results we can conclude the following : Finasteride cream 1% is an effective and harmless treatment in patients whom suffer from idiopathic hirsutism.

التشخيص الجزيئي لتجرثم الدم لدى الاطفال حديثي الولادة بواسطة استخدام تفاعلات البلمرة المتسلسل في مدينة الحلة == Molecular Detection of Neonatal Sepsis By Using PCR In Hilla City

اسم المؤلف: نور حامد عباس المرزوك
اسم المشرف: الهام عباس بنيان الساعدي | ميساء صالح الشكري
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: في هذه الدراسة, تم جمع 85 عينة دم من 85 مريض مصابين بتسمم الدم (حسب التشخيص السريري الاولي للطبيب), تتراوح اعمارهم بين 1 - 28 يوم من كلا الجنسين (الذكور 53 والاناث 32) للفترة من تشرين الثاني 2014 الى اذار 2015.توضح نتائج هذه الدراسة ان (52,9%) طفلا حديث | Neonatal sepsis can be defined as any systemic bacterial infection confirmed by a positive blood culture in the first month of life. In this study, (85) blood specimens were collected from (85) patients with suspected septicemia, age ranged between 1to 28 days from both sexes (53 males and 32 females) during the period from November 2014 to March 2015.The results of this study revealed that (52.9%) are presented with late onset sepsis (infected during 7 - 28 days of their life), while the rest (47.1%) of the neonates are presented with early onset sepsis (infected during the first seven days of their life). The collected samples were investigated for bacterial isolation. Bacterial culture was positive in (7.06%) patients versus (92.9%) patients revealed a negative bacterial culture. The most common types of bacteria isolated were three isolates of Klebsiella spp. (50.0%), followed by one isolate Staphylococcus aureus (16.67%), one isolate E. coli (16.67%), and one isolate Enterobacter spp. (16.67%).The virulence factors of some bacterial isolates in this study were studied. The capsule was present in all bacteria isolated in this study (100%) except for Enterobacter spp. which did not possess the capsule.Colonization factor antigens were detected in all isolates. It was found that only Klebsiella spp. and E. coli (100%) have the ability to produce CFAI and CFAIII. Whereas Enterobacter spp. and Staphylococcus aureus (100%) have the ability to produce colonization factor antigen I only. The results also showed that all isolates of Klebsiella spp. and Enterobacter spp. did not produce hemolysin, while all isolates of Staphylococcus aureus and E. coli were able to produce hemolysin.Extracellular protease was also investigated. It was found that (100%) of all bacteria isolated in this study were able to produce extracellular protease.Biofilm formation was investigated in all bacterial species, and the results showed that all isolates of Gram negative bacteria and Gram positive bacteria form a biofilm.The ability of some bacteria to produce bacteriocin was tested and the results showed that E. coli and Klebsiella spp. were able to produce bacteriocin.In - vitro, the susceptibility of bacteria towards some antibiotics included in this study revealed that the amikacin and kanamycin are the most effective antibiotics to different types of pathogenic bacteria. Finally, molecular detection for bacterial sepsis was done by using specific primers (16 sRNA, rpoB and its). It was found that 16 sRNA genes were present in (20%) of samples and rpoB gene present in (18.8%). While its gene used for detection of fungi revealed negative results in all samples.

تقويم التعلم الموجة الذاتي للممارسات المختبرية المتعلقة باعطاء الدواء لطلبة كليات التمريض في جنوب العراق == Evaluation of Students' Self - Directed Learning Laboratory Practices Related To Administration of Medication In Southern of Iraq Nursing Colleges

اسم المؤلف: حيدر علي حسين الوحيلي
اسم المشرف: نرمين بدري توفيق البارودي
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التمريض
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: المقدمة : الصعوبات التي تواجه تعليم التمريض تكمن في انتاج القوى العاملة التمريضية وهذا يتطلب رعاية الطلاب بالكفاءات اللازمة التي من شانها تسهيل انتقالهم من طلبة التمريض الى ممرضين كفوئين مؤهلين في وظيفتهم. حيث ان للتعلم الموجه الذاتي اهمية كبرى في تطوير ق | Background : The challenge in nursing education lies in the production of a nursing workforce. This requires nurturing the students with the necessary competencies that will facilitate their transition from nursing students to qualified staff nurses. Self - directed learning is of great importance to the professional development of nursing students. It enables them to expand the knowledge and enhance the quality of their practice. Nursing students must keep abreast of new information, current and emerging trends, medical technology and related scientific and professional publications to be able to function effectively in a constantly changing workplace. Self - directed learning helps nursing students remain flexible, open to change, current in practice skills, and at the same time it helps in the growth of the students’ confidence and professionalism. Objectives : The aim of the study is to evaluate the students' self - directed learning laboratory practices related to administration of medications procedures (Intramuscular injection, Intravenous injection and oral medication ). Methodology : Across sectional design was has been carried out at three colleges of nursing in the south of Iraq and used in the present study from 23th February 2015 to 15th May , 2015. To evaluate nursing students' self - directed learning in applying laboratory practices related to administration of medication in southern of Iraq. The present study was conducted in southern Iraq at three nursing colleges which included (Missan, Thi - Qar and Basra nursing college ). Purposive sample was selected which consist of (90) first year of nursing students( 45) male and (45) female and the sample contained (30) students from each college after the consent of the participants. The check - list consists of two parts, the first part is general information about the study sample of nursing students (4 items) and the second part is an ideal observation check list which includes (73) items including three procedure technique which consists of the intramuscular injection ( 25 )items, intravenous injection (28) items and oral medications (20) items that concerned with students self - directed learning laboratory practices technique. Each procedure has three steps of strategy technique (preparation , equipments and procedure ) which are considered important steps that must be performed by students. The items concerning students self - directed learning laboratory practices are rated on three levels likert scale; (satisfy , need more practice and unsatisfied ). Reliability of the evaluation check - list competency is determined through the use of check - list is based on Cronbach's practices. The instrument validity is determined through a panel of (15) experts.The present study are analyzed through the application of two statistical approaches. A descriptive statistical approach includes (frequency, percentage, Mean of score (M.S.) and standard deviation (SD) and an Inferential statistical approach includes (Chi - Square,t - test, ANOVA). Results : The result of the study indicate that the majority of the first nursing students' satisfaction in general have high level of the self - directed learning in laboratory practices. During application the result show that s (96.7%) intravenous , (93.3%) intramuscular and (88.9%) oral medications administration and also the study declared non significant relationship between self - directed - learning (students lab practice) and their demographic data. Recommendations : This study recommended that : . 1 - Introduce a policy and supportive plans to assist and encourage personnel of every nursing students to the colleges.2 - Extensively apply self - directed learning as a method of learning for their professional and self - development and develop visual aids for learning and set up comprehensive.3 - Update the sources of learning for example public library , the internet service, communications room and/or educational technology room. 4 - Facilitate suitable environment for nursing students in searching for information they need for learning and self - development. 5 - Every these recommendation addressed to ministry of higher education/ colleges of nursing.

الممثل بين منزلة الشخصية واختلاف الاداء في العرض المسرحي العراقي == The Actor Between Personal Status And Performance Differences In The Iraqi Theatrical Presentation

اسم المؤلف: سلمان مزهر ديوان
اسم المشرف: عبد الكريم عبود كريم المالكي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: في هذا البحث استعان الباحث بالعلوم المجاورة لفن المسرح، فقد استعار من علم الاجتماع مصطلح (المنزلة الاجتماعية) واختلاف الدور لياخذ هذا المصطلح مديات واسعة على مستوى الشخصية المسرحية والاداء التمثيلي وفق المتغيرات السلوكية التي يوفرها متغير المنزلة، وقد جاء | The researcher has been used similar science for the Performing Arts in this research, it has borrowed from sociology term (social status) and the different role to take this term ranges and wide to play the personal level and performance analog according to behavioral variables provided by the status variable that has been said about this research (actor between personal status and differences in performance in the Iraqi theater performances) to get to know the reality of performance variables when the Iraqi theater actor through discovery of core of behavioral act for personal between its status and its role differences.The research is contains four chapters : the first of which included a systematic framework of the research problem and the need to Research based on the following question : How can recognize the different between the personal status and role? What are the ways to diagnose and performance, and how to be submitted by the Iraqi theater actor? Then the importance of research and its goal, which is determined to identify the difference between the status of the personal actor the performance and role in the Iraqi theater performances.The limits of Research spatial confined in the presentations of the capital Baghdad, theater, and temporal, which is determined in the eighties of the twentieth century, the objective limits, it focuses on the study of performance variables representative of status and personal role in the Iraqi theater, and then determine the terms, namely, (status and personal).The second chapter (theoretical framework) it contains three sections : Section I : (personal status between concept and engaging) and touched the researcher to clarify the concept of social status in sociology and then how he quit in human life. The second topic : (play between personal status and the different role), in which the researcher deliberately to dive into the world of the scripts, trying to investigate and demonstrate the different roles across arent social status of the character drama. And the third section : (performative method in personal status), which was addressed to the main performing methods in the art of representation variables (Stanislavski and Brecht and Mirjuld), as well as some other recent performance tests, to demonstrate the performance variables have changed as a result of Representative status.The third chapter (action research) has included the research community and to identify the sample felt that the researcher to be intentional selective, then search tool, and the research methodology and method.Finally, the sample was focused on analog performance for a number of Iraqi representatives in the following theater performances analysis : 1. His Excellency campus.2. good human.3. between the owner and owned Leaver lost and forsaken.4. Black and white.While the fourth quarter results included and discussed on the basis of what has been reached in the sample analysis, including : 1. Combining analog presentation performance to reach the performance difference according to the requirements of personal status and the different role change, as in the performance of actress (Salima Khudair) in the theater (wife of His Excellency). 2. Adoption of Representative on the idea of hiring a mask full membership (physical and moral) as a principle of behavior to reflect on and jurisprudence change their personal status, which moves in the performance of the personal to the other to enhance the difference in performance, as in the performance of the actor (Mahmoud Abu Abbas) in the theater (between the owner and owned lost Leaver and discarded).Then the conclusions that are related to the objective, recommendations, proposals and then a list of sources and references, and appendices.Finally, Abstract this research in English.

اثر مجمع تعليمي في تحصيل طلبة قسم التربية الفنية في مادة فنون الاطفال == The Effect of An Teaching Modul In The Students Achievement of The Department of Art Education In ' Children Arts' Subject

اسم المؤلف: سالم صدام حواس
اسم المشرف: فراس علي حسن الكناني
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يهدف البحث الحالي الى الكشف عن (اثر مجمع تعليمي في تحصيل طلبة قسم التربية الفنية في مادة فنون الاطفال)، ولغرض التحقق من هدف البحث تم صياغة الفرضية الصفرية الاتية : - ? لاتوجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين متوسط درجات المجموعة التجريبية (التي تدرس باستعمال ا | The current research aims to detect (the impact of an educational complex in the collection of the students in the Department of Art Education material kids arts), for the purpose of verification of the aim of the research was the formulation of the null hypothesis of the following : - There are no statistically significant differences between the average scores of the experimental group differences (taught using educational complex) and the control group (which is studying the method according to the lecture) Article kids arts at the level of significance (0.05) in the post - test knowledge. Identify current research using educational complex, the material prepared by the kids arts researcher by relying on the opinions of experts and literature own article, and was six educational topics. Limited sample of the research on students Phase II / Mustansiriya University / core / Department of Art Education / Faculty of Education, the morning of the study, was chosen as the research sample Qsidia, as the number of sample students reached (60) students, 30 of them in the experimental group and (30) in the control group, was keen researcher on equal groups in some of the variables that may have an impact on them of the variable (age, sex, educational attainment, previous experience) researcher has chosen experimental design for the two Pachtbarren me and after me. Promising researcher cognitive test has been achieved from the virtual honesty and sincerity content after his presentation to a group of experts in the field (teaching methods of art education and the Measurement and Evaluation). After collecting the data were processed statistically using after the end of the experiment (samples t - test t.test). Results of the experiment showed superiority of the experimental group which studied the way the educational complex on the control group, who studied in the usual way (the lecture) for the same substance, which led to the rejection of the hypothesis of the research. In light of the current search results researcher recommended a set of recommendations, including : Use of the educational complex in teaching the material. As a complement to this research, a development researcher has suggested several proposals, including : conducting similar studies to study the stages of study materials and other stages majoring in art education

التنوع الاسلوبي في زخرفة النفائس المعدنية في مقتنيات متحف العتبة الحسينية المقدسة == Stylistic Variety In The Decoration of Metal Valuables In The Collections of The Museum of The Holy Shrine of The Imam Hussein

اسم المؤلف: علاء احمد عبود ضياء الدين
اسم المشرف: شوقي مصطفى علي الموسوي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النحت
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يتناول البحث الحالي الموسوم ((التنوع الاسلوبي في زخرفة النفائس المعدنية في مقتنيات متحف العتبة الحسينية المقدسة)) الموجه دراسته على التحف المعدنية ذات التكوينات الزخرفية المتنوعة في الاداء والاسلوب على المستوى التقني والمهاري, وهي تعكس لنراوائع الفنون في | The current research entitled (The Stylistic Diversity in the Decoration of the Metallic valuables of Imam Hussein Holy shrine Collectibles) deals with metallic antiques having varied and decorated formations in terms of performance and style at both the technical and artistic levels, which reflect the treasures of our Islamic Civilization. The research is divided into four chapters. The first one deals with the research problem, which is mainly concerned with the stylistic diversity of the metallic antique as being a symbol of decorative Islamic pattern, let alone the importance of the research and its aim, which is determined by knowing the stylistic diversity in decorating metallic antiques in order to explain the limits and terms of the research. As for the second chapter, it includes the theoretical side along with the previous studies, and it falls into four sections ; the first one deals with the decorative diversity in the Islamic art (concepts and members), while the second section includes the stylistic aspects in the techniques of the decorative accomplishment (techniques and styles). It includes a preface and a demonstration of styles and techniques particularly used in performing on the metals, not to mention the methods of preserving and maintaining the metallic antiques. The third section deals with the decoration of the metallic antiques in the Islamic ages (references and applications). As for the fourth section , it is about the Imam Hussein Holy shrined museum (origin, foundation, and achievement), reaching at the indications highlighted by theoretical frame, the previous studies and their discussion. The third chapter includes the core of the study, which contains (53) samples of metallic antiques in Imam Hussein Holy shrine museum, besides the research samples which is of (17) pieces verified according to the descriptive and analytic approach. The fourth chapter includes of findings paper. of these findings, we have the following : The decorative formation used in decorating the metallic antiques following two basic rules; the first one separating the symmetry which embraces hidden repetition, whereas the second is about separating the rhythm available in the decorative unite in order to give the decorative formation a diversity of as seen in the samples (1,2,3,4,15,19).The Islamic artist confirmed the principle of stripping of his decorative forms off their materialistic (natural) extras according of the process of shortening, simplifying, stripping, and synthesizing in order to give the decorative scene aesthetic and symbolid meanings as in the samples (9,10).The artist is grappling to the principle of diversity in style, and methods of technical performance in one single antique to enrich the scene with civilized and ideal ideological implications pertaining to the symbols and symbolization as in diagram (12). The study provides the following conclusions : The artistic diversity in the techniques of works and decoration is present in the metallic antiques found in the museum of Imam Hussein Holy shrine through the blending of world cultures and their artistic skills because this holy place is the collection of all civilizations, and the Islamic one in particular due to the love and adoration Muslims have for the prophet's household ( P.B.U.T ). The study has come up with a number of recommendations : The current study recommends enhancing the artistic cooperation with other museum through exchanging delegates. Artistic references, and academic studies; in addition to having joint centers for artistic studies mainly concerned with studying the metallic antiques and treasures all over the world.Emphasizing the importance of conducting more specialized research in Islamic ant, and in particular the metallic antiques in the European museums by higher education students interested in the Islamic art. One of the most important suggestions provided by this study is conducting the following study" the artistic and technical bases of the decorative formation performed on the metallic antiques in the European museums. The last part of the study is a list of bibliography, and an abstract in English.

الابعاد الاتصالية في بنية تصاميم المواقع الالكترونية == Dimensional Communicative In Structure Designs Websites

اسم المؤلف: احمد ناجي علي سالم
اسم المشرف: انتصار رسمي موسى
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التصميم الطباعي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد المواقع الالكترونية من ابرز معالم التطور الذي شهدته صناعة الرسائل المرئية خلال السنوات الماضية والتي استثمرت جميع امكانيات وقدرات تكنولوجيا الحاسوب الالي وشبكات الاتصالات ومختلف التقنيات الرقمية المستخدمة في صناعة النشر الالكتروني, مما احدثة الكثير من | Is the websites of the most prominent features of the evolution of the industry messages visual and digital over the past years and which has invested all the possibilities and capabilities of computer technology, automation and communications networks and various digital technologies and electronic used in the manufacture of electronic publishing, which evolved in their design and structure of formal and functional for what it was in the past and have become owns many interactive technologies and a lot of media communication multi Loyalty to excellence in the provision of all services communicative diverse as an exchange e - mail and presentation of audio and video files, animations, text, images, and many of the capabilities and capacities of communication and other functional, and took advantage of these sites features the publishing industry - mail to the user is provided video messages and digital to compete with the means of communication and media other traditional such as newspapers and television stations and space, as characterized by methods designed processors modern technology to combine many of the stimuli and the ingredients visual and auditory in its Design and digital displays on the screen and find where all classes of informatics, to form the world of cultural, intellectual and media integrated and unlimited, and here researcher sees the need to address to study its design and communication and see how The role of the elements formative in achieving dimensional communicative different way communication comprehensive and integrated, so addressed researcher in this research, which included four chapters devoted the first chapter of which to view the research problem and its significance, which came Baltsaullac the following : (what - dimensional communication infrastructure in the design of websites and what the extent to which the design of the structure of these sites for the functional and aesthetic aspects in terms of graphic design and technical performance, and what is the relationship Elements of in the formation of structure and the nature of its design performance and speed browsed) Hence the importance of research, which came as follows : such benefit workers in the field of design and digital output of an optical means of modern technology that opens new horizons for design Graphic future and its contribution to the development of the work of these sites and the realities of technical and communication by providing scientific article based on scientific research studied to handle errors and develop a design and functionally, and also in a supplement branches of scientific knowledge - oriented interactive means of visual communication by digital technology. The aim of the research in (the detection and diagnosis of dimensional connectivity and functional in structure design for websites), either its borders has been identified objectively : the study of dimensions of communicative and functional structure (designs websites) The spatial boundaries he was in (page's main websites Iraqi Network international information (the Internet) and published in 2014 for being the period of time to conduct the study. It then came to identify the most important scientific terms, which came in the title search.The second chapter includes a theoretical framework and most previous studies of the relationship and the researcher who divided into three sections were as follows : First research 1 - (contact and electronic publishing in the websites). 2 (websites on the Internet (concept, origination, evolution). 3 (infrastructure design for websites (foundations, elements, components).Loyalty to the most important indicators that came out of the researcher and was a summary of the literature of spec ialization to contribute to the completion of the research and Sobriety scientific and methodological, and then came the third quarter, which was devoted to the Procedures search, which follow the researcher descriptive analytical approach to suit the objective with the goal of the study is through the selection of (8) Samples research and, deliberately, representing all Iraqi sites electronic on the Internet, either fourth chapter devoted to the display and discussion of results, conclusions and recommendations and proposals of theoretical and applied the researcher reached for a variety of scientific results based on the analysis of the samples, which serve the purpose of research and placed the most important of which include : 1 - Varying interest employing Activations communication in all its forms and types of external and internal in the design of the page header and try to distinguish them through the Post an some of the effects of technical and Manifesting explanatory upon which contributes to strengthening the role of communication in the process of interaction with the receiver and easily governed by the information inside and outside the site.2 - concern employing Activations communication in all its forms diverse body of the page and try the most prominent importance and functional connectivity in the design of the site and in terms of importance and functional connectivity within the page and their contribution effectively to enrich the process of interaction and communication between the page and its contents and components of the site and between the user and the process of sailing - mail it. 3 - Distinguish sites e - recruiting technology links and links activated Communicative all kinds of different as one of the structural elements and the core used in the design and work to be invested in the various parts of the pages of the site, particularly on the home page of them and take advantage of the effectiveness of technology in the service of the browser and liberal of the linear modes in the process of receiving and neglect employ other types of techniques such as active links and buttons still and moving images and video clips and flash in the design of the page header and body and characterized by a high capacity to attract attention and the visual excitement of the browser. 4 - lack of interest in investing techniques multimedia elements well in the design of all websites surveyed and the absence of an effective role in the process of communication and navigation and access to information published and which have an influential role in the increasing polarization of the optical and increase factors tensile strength and gravity of some of the elements on the page and Giving some fun and personality aesthetic therein. 5 - was hired material and textual information in all the pages of the websites researched and differing employed in terms of the types of fonts used, size and colors, Loyalty to the multiplicity of places to invest within the Home and distributed according to the function and performance of communication required With the addition of the diversity of the use of images and colors on the home page and employ mostly as links Soah activated commensurate with their function communicative and aesthetic within the page and display pages on the browser using the system (RGB) chromatography, which depends on the width of all colors that contain page through the rush of three electronics optical color red, green and blue towards the screen and complete the process of vision with the browser.6 - lack of interest in employing all the tools of interaction communication in Home Design for all websites surveyed, and was confined to utilize them on the investment tool e - mail communication and the neglect of the possibilities and techniques and other interactive tools provided by the environment connectivity and diverse Web sites, such as methods of participation and direct vote and arenas of dialogue and debate and mechanisms of the questionnaire the opinion polls, including a negative impact on the process of interaction for the browser. 7 - able researched some websites that check some dimensional connectivity required functionally and Contact means comprehensive communication has contributed to the nature of the communication techniques and tools used in the design of interactive Web sites effectively and significantly enhance the functional roles and communicative and interactive with the browser .The most important conclusions which they came researcher : 1 - contributes to the recruitment technique links active internal and external ones, and all the diverse forms of (icons and still images and animated texts and other communication mechanisms) in the structure of the site to promote and enrich the role of communication to the main page of the site and increase their interaction with the browser. 2 - link the success of Home Design and functionally Communicative interest designer employing Activations communicative diverse in the body of the page and try to highlight their importance communicative and interactive on - site and distributed according to the function and importance of communication with and work on distinguishable from surrounding elements by using one influences electronic and design available. 3 - that the increased interest in employing multimedia such as audio and video clips, animations and other effects flash the other has positive effects on all the functions of the communicative and aesthetic of the website and increase the effectiveness of the performing and design for the process of receiving and fun browsing and contribute to enrich the role of communication and information for the page and to facilitate the process of the transfer of information and integration of the recipient. 4 - contributes to the use of images in all its forms and types, different as one of the elements Graphic key in the design of the structure of the site to promote and strengthen the features of the communicative and interactive and expressive of the page for having some of the functions of expression and reference to topics posted and increase the interest of the browser out and stir up attention and interaction psychological with it. 5 - contribution textual information and Calligraphy to do many of the functions of communication and design and symbolism within the site by employing objective and in terms of information and its impact morphologically and aesthetically pleasing in its design and by way of distribution and employ communication and technical inside it, according to its effectiveness performing and character of the visual for the browser. 6 - provides the use of the system (RGB) color - many of the possibilities of color and visual multi - which may reach to show hundreds of hues and more for each color user Loyalty to his contribution to the effective and influential role in the completion of all events of design and functional in the space of the page and performance design for its formal and technical. 7 - to employ tools to interact communication different, such as the use of e - mail and opinion polls and lines of chat and voting mechanisms within the structure of the design of the web site, particularly on the home page it is one of the reasons the task of enriching and integrating function connectivity of the site and increase its ability to do many of the events and activities communicative multiple which contribute to strengthening ties with communicative browser. 8 - is linked to the achievement of dimensional connectivity of different websites successfully its design and functionally and aesthetically and exploit the advantages of its environment and digital electronic and informatics technically and employ all of its elements and components design of various forms, text, images, multimedia and assorted colors for the benefit of her job design and tools of communication and interactive multi - and highlighting its vital role in The browser needs to achieve his ambitions to meet the different communicative.The researcher also recommended the following : 1 - need to pay attention employing all kinds of links and links activated Communicative and two types of external and internal in all parts of the home page and intensify their use in areas of vital and relevant visual interest, such as the head, neck, and upper parts and the side of the page. 2 - need to pay attention employ multimedia technologies of various kinds within the site's home page and in parts of the mission and the vital and design of them and especially to work on the maximum benefit from the advantages of communication and design to strengthen the multi - functionality and interactive and aesthetic of the site. 3 - interest in employing elements Calligraphy and Graphic inside page and the need to use a design and formally and technically consistent with the nature of the performing and communicative and interactive. 4 - adaptation of all technical possibilities and connectivity offered by the digital environment and technological websites in order to invest and employ various kinds of interactive tools, service and communication with the browser and the increased attention Development work inside Home in particular, and the rest of the parts of the site generally and attention to the nature of the trends connectivity of the web site and work to employ all the possibilities The features and capabilities possessed by the structure design and communication sites in order to achieve the goals and dimensional connectivity and functionality required to do so.As suggested by some studies, the researcher conducting complementary research and Modouh including : 1 - purine body structure designs websites and their role in achieving dimensional connectivity. 2 - recruit in the development of multimedia performance communication infrastructure in the design of websites 3 - Use the abilities of the visual effects in enhancing the communicative functions of the structure to design Web sites. Loyalty to the researcher to provide some suggestions and Applied Post an deems scientific and complementary to the research topic.

توافقات الانساق الصوتية والحركية لاداء الممثل في عروض مسرح الطفل العراقية == The Consensuses of Acoustic And Kinetic Formats To Perform Actor In Iraqi Child Theater Offers

اسم المؤلف: محمد كاظم محمد الساعدي
اسم المشرف: مصطفى تركي السالم
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: عبر تجربة عالمية ثرية امتدت لاكثر من قرن قدمت فيها العديد من الاعمال المسرحية الخاصة بالطفل، ادرك المتخصصون في شؤون الطفولة الاهمية التربوية الكبيرة التي ينطوي عليها هذا المسرح الجديد في مجال التربية وتنمية قدرات الاطفال، لم يعد الاهتمام بمسرح الطفل يت | Through its universal rich experience spanning more than a century in which provided many of the theatrical works for children , and as specialists realize the great childhood educational importance involved in this new stage in the field of education and development of children's capacities Affairs, attention is no longer the scene of the child is determined by being room entertainment bring entertainment and fun, but also one of the most influential and important areas of education, the theater contributes an active and influential in the development and preparation of the child through the development of abilities and behavioral and mental health, and the role of education is no less important and influential for other educational institutions (school) or for the family through educational and cultural influential, which is characterized by the theater (as offers them the values and ideas in the mold of the thrill and excitement), and which takes into account their abilities (mental, psychological, and linguistic). Children's theater has a Privacy of unique, where addressing their minds through the its experience simple and imagination runaway in the magic of globalization, if taken into account the technical requirements that make the theater a way designed to supplement the child try new experiences (both theatrical presentation is a new life of various humanitarian and experience) as The theatrical presentation directed to the child structure, must be based on the most important requirements to communicate with the child and two elemental thrill and excitement, they are not linked properly, but also the manner in which drafted the shape to be enhanced and supportive intellectual content which tightens the theater, to submit it to the receiver (the child) as orally the final, as is done by activating his thinking and also stir the imagination in globalization magic including offers to him from different levels (movement, sound, performance in general), by an actor who is considered the most effective in children's theater power, whether through his body (body language ), or voice / dialogue (words spoken), as it is based performance of the actor in the theater on the acoustic and kinetic performance system, using them to transmit messages of verbal and non - verbal in the theater, as one influential artistic elements in the child, which makes theatrical event theater possible, audio and visual impacts, for the two most influential tighten their attention process to visual theatrical narrative children's theater, it is that the two systems of technical elements influencing, controlling the theatrical form, whether in strengthening the theatrical text sounds impressive, or smooth performance with the combined elements other theater, which engages in the provision of creative achievements, which is designed to supplement the emotional and intellectual experience simple acts of a play dealing with the court and professional manner, the issues that are the focus of their attention, and that will provide them with entertainment, entertainment and knowledge.To the attention of the researcher in children's theater and performances made in Iraq, and the follow - up to her, it was noted that there is a great disparity in the performances of actors in that showcase the characters, and that there is a special diligent in the provisions of the relationship between the acoustic and kinetic patterns, which the child may lose its ability to realize the implications of the dramatic situations and thus the whole show, and found that this phenomenon requires then stop, and search.And where he found no previous researchers to address this set, it was found the need to adopt a theme and the formulation of his research in : (The Consensuses of Acoustic And Kinetic Formats To Perform Actor In Iraqi Child Theater Offers) to identify the Consensuses of those patterns in the performance of the actor, the first rack and the base in semantics Display Drama directed to the child.To achieve this goal the Department of Research into chapters : The Researcher dealt with in the first chapter (methodological framework), the research problem and the need for it, the importance of research, research objectives, the limits of the search, specify terms (consensus, pattern, children's theater) and procedurally defined.Chapter II took three research has formed (theoretical framework), which are as follows : - 1. Search I : acoustic performance of a representative system, and the characteristics of the child actors in the theater presentations.2. Search II : kinetic performance of the representative system components, and their importance in children's theater presentations.3. Search III : the relationship between the audio system and the motor system of the child actor in theater presentations.• Previous studies have approached the subject of research.The researcher concluded that the core indicators through a tour of the theoretical framework as it is divided into three levels, as follows : - 1. Voice level in the performance of the actor.2. Kinetic level In the performance of the actor.3. The relationship between voice and kinetic level in the performance of the actor.Chapter III dealt with the procedures of scientific research and of, research methodology, and research methods and tools, his research community, the method of selecting the sample, where the researcher was adopted (how simple random) in the selection of research samples, as a representative of his research community and across the scientific method systematically, has been represented by choosing the main character in the following presentations : - 1. the play (Access 2005).2. the play (Asia go to school), 2007.3. the play (for the lost pearl 2008).The researcher has the following units of analysis relied on according to what is stated in the theoretical framework : - indicators1. voice actor in the performance level, across the sound elements (definition, Botfly, toning, stop, audio layer, the intensity of the sound)2. locomotor performance level in Representative (the gesture, positional movement, transitional movement).3. The relationship between the voice and representative of the performance of the motor.At the end of the third quarter, was presented a summary of the research results reached by the researcher through the analysis of samples.The fourth chapter, has included a presentation to discuss the research findings (researcher), through the research goals, which came out of her conclusions that represent complementary answers to the research objectives.1. contribute to the audio system, the integration of the internal components, significantly in the formation of meanings and diversity, which produces own voice through the development of performance capacity, to achieve the delivery of meaning clearly to the recipient (the child).2. Kinetic system an effective contribution to draw a picture of the event or idea at hand, in the theater, across the locomotor performance personal adopted in theatrical presentation directed to children.3. coalition system kinetic and acoustic according synchronous format, gives high semantic energy, produces aesthetic and graphical elements, check the thrill and influence at the receiver (the child).4. connotations that building process requires some situations (nominally difference) between the spoken language and motor performance, as the signifier consensus, may be achieved through the differences and not uniformity, and so in some situations.Also identified (researcher) the most important recommendations, in addition to the proposals, a complement to the subject of his research, as chapter contains a list of sources and references Arabic, in addition to periodicals and magazines, letters, thesis, interviews and supplements and abstract in English

التداخل النغمي بين اداء الممثل والمؤثر الموسيقي في عروض المسرح الاحتفالي العراقي == Overlap Tonal Between The Performance of Actor And Musical Influence In Iraqi Festive Theater Performances

اسم المؤلف: عمر ضياء الدين محمد حسن القيسي
اسم المشرف: زهير كاظم علوان الشمري
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Music primitive imitated in rituals and rites of the first man, which grafted in tunes that were performed by the end of symmetry, sound effects emitted by nature, there is a voice ravaged spear and storms and thunder and the sounds of wild animals, as imitated Neanderthal rhythms of those voices with musical instruments primitive to reach industry to imitate the sound of the wind whistling blowing plants or drums to appease those phenomena that can not interpret and prevention of evils magical rituals accompanied by playing music. The environmental which found the Neanderthal was the cradle first kicks from the music to the ranges can not be the one to give up the end of her or draw her limits virtual end then its capabilities, in a journey through history has provided music are numerous examples revealed features a clear picture of the human journey Creative Throughout history, representing unchanged if the historical evidence other transformations experienced by mankind through the stages of civilization and different cultures, ranging from the simulation of primitive man to the sounds of nature to the music that plays when establishing rituals, whether in the celebrations of the pagan or holidays, which was held in the ancient civilizations..... Until the present day, is still music, perpetual motion and the search for new causes and adversity, this effect creative crannies to the theater, which will enter the areas of the creative experience inspired by music in its realization, that the pace of change in the present proceeding at a rapid pace, there are many variables, whether in test subjects or processors artistic form of theater, as devoted subjects of everyday life that affect ordinary people more than one interest in mythology, the legendary that prevailed in the Greek theater epic, which paved the way for the emergence of a more daring to ask and address the technical and music was one of the technical elements affecting the aesthetics of theater, whether accompanied by an influence Sonic traditional theatrical performances or other theatrical experiences that aim to provide a new concept of life and the existence of humanity and the problems of the contemporary theater foliate man who took the ceremonial space of this research, The change creative is the image transformation, which seeks to perfection, the musical influences in the theater will be, the signs can be interpreted, as signals to transmit to the meanings and dimension aesthetically tightens the cohesion and strength of the effects of theatrical performances that hired a professional manner realize its mission creative, so came this research titled (Overlap Tonal Between The Performance of Actor And Musical Influence In Iraqi Festive Theatrical Performances).The researcher has divided the subject into four chapters : Chapter I (systematic framework) which includes a research problem and the need for him, the importance of research, the goals of the research, the limits of the search, specify terms, and defined procedural. Chapter II (theoretical framework), which included three Research are : - Research I : (Overlap Tonal Between The Performance of Actor And Musical Influence in Iraqi Festive Theatrical Performances), Research II : (The relationship between acting performance and musician influential in musical performance) and Research III : (Methods of Performance In The Festive Theater), and created by the theoretical framework of indicators adopted by the researcher in analysis of the research sample. Chapter III : ensure procedures and analysis of research from the elected (Iraqi ceremonial performances). Chapter IV : Summary guarantee results and conclusions discussed and reached through the analysis, which has been linked to the objectives of the research. And the mother of results with respect to the effects of tonal overlap in theatrical performances, so the impact of psychological (emotional) practiced by the great musical influences that accompany the appropriate theatrical performances and add aesthetic and artistic dimension which allows Offers theater, to be creative act. It also included a chapter on the proposals and recommendations of the researcher and a list of references and sources, and a summary of research in the English language.

برنامج تدريبي لاكساب طلبة قسم التربية الفنية مهارات صناعة واستحدام الاقنعة المسرحية == A Training Program For Students of Artistic Education Department To Acquire Skills Industry And Using of Play Masks

اسم المؤلف: سروه مالك رسول سلمان الزركوشي
اسم المشرف: حسين علي هارف
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Scientific developments and new technologies in the fields of life of all in general, and the field of education in particular came to the emergence of changes in construction education and teaching methods to the new formulas fit in its entirety with a renewed era, as the university is one of the educational institutions that play a major role in the life of society , achieve required educational goals, being dealt with and develop appropriate solutions to the student, and rehabilitation after graduation.Moreover that the objectives of the instructional design process is focused on the learner, which is the hub of the educational process and the creation of new methods and ideal for training and helping the learner to learn the easiest results, according to the modalities and methods of modern. Perhaps the most prominent were the training program at the College of Fine Arts, so is the Department of Art Education, one of the scientific departments, which aims to rehabilitate the student in accordance with the standards required and to be in a capacity and efficiency in the teaching of this article after their move to the other phase.The Department of Artistic Education curriculum - represented by the (school theater, child theater , play techniques and handicrafts ) which often rely on visual methods and be meaningful, whether directly or indirectly to the recipient. Accordingly and from here there was a real need to give the students of the department of art education, skills and cognitive performance and expertise needed in masks theater and uses industry through designed training program for this purpose that makes the students able to produce a theatricalmask commensurate with the nature of the personal and the requirements posed on stage as well as how to use it.Since the mask theater is a stable and visible way does not mean anything without the actor owns (the student) skill properly handled in educational situations or scenes offer, so the objectives of the current research are to achieve the following points : - ? Construction of a training program to give students of department of artistic education skills and the methods and way to use play - making masks.? Measure the effectiveness of the program in both dimensions ; knowledge and skills. The society of the current research is the students of department of artistic education / College of Fine Arts / University of Wasit / with a total number of (114) students, who have been selected randomly from the third stage students who were (23) students, whom the represented the amount of (20%) of the original research society. The training program which that applied was prepared according to the sample or a form of task analysis for (Charles Regelyot) on one experimental group, as used with a minimum of settings experimental design to measure the effectiveness of the training program in masks theater industry and how it is used, and to achieve this , two instruments have been designed : ? Achievement of collecting ( cognitive ) test to measure the acquisition of the targeted group of the foundations of knowledge in the industry and the use of theatrical masks.? Achievement collecting test (skills) to measure the extent of which the targeted group acquired artistic skills in the industry and the use of masks during the four evaluation tools (Note) have been designed by the researcher for thispurpose. Both instruments of the research along with the related evaluated instrument have been subjected to the terms of honesty , alignment and stability for the purpose of making them codified tools have appropriate psychometric characteristics and that can be adopted later in similar or complementary experimental research for the current search later. The researcher used a number of statistical methods to show the search results which represented by the most important equation of (Wilcoxon ) to investigate the results of the two collecting tests grades knowledge ( cognitive ) and skills, the equations of difficulty coefficient , discrimination paragraphs achievement test of collecting knowledge, objectivity, and the coefficient of correlation (Point Baiserial) to calculate the correlation between the degree of paragraph and the total degree of testing to verify the veracity of the substantive paragraphs in cognitive collecting test and the coefficient of correlation (Pearson) to calculate the correlation between the degree of paragraph and total score for the test to check the veracity of the paragraphs relating to the first question in the achievement test of knowledge, and to calculate the achievement test cognitive constancy as the researcher used equation of (alpha - Cronbach).The equation (Pearson correlation coefficient) is used to find the stability of skill performance evaluation in industry and the use of masks theatrical tools. The most important results reached by the current research are : 1. Efficiency of the experimental group in the post - test on their answers to the paragraphs of the achievement test of knowledge in the industry and the use of play masks, their grades in the pre - test, which confirms the effectiveness of the training program, among other things of cognitive foundations related to the skills of industry and the use of masks play an organizational contexts, as well as the nature of the educational activities and events designed to accommodate the content of the prepared training program.As well as sequenced relay procedural according to the model of education adopted in the (task analysis), which helped to sequence and coherence of the cognitive aspects with teaching aids, therefore ;understanding and improvement in the better collection of knowledge.2. The efficiency of the experimental group (which is trained according to the stages of the prepared training program in accordance with the sample analyzing the tasks about their responses to paragraphs achievement test the collecting skill in the industry and the use of play masks with respect to the four artistic skills) in the post - test, Based on the results ,the researcher recommended the following : 1. Benefit from the training program and the adoption of pre - development centers in the Ministry of Higher Education& Scientific research through the establishment of training and qualifying courses for the students of Department of Artistic Education. 2. Work on the preparing of supplies and materials for teaching artistic skills to rule the school theater in particular, and theatrical techniques in general, and in particular industry and the use of theatrical masks, being involved in the process of preparing students in the Department of Art Education for the teachingprofession for the next stage. 3. Holding a special annual festival art of mask theater with the participation of students, which is to provide models of theatrical masks, which deals with materials , raw materials and the different topics and formats that go into the theater. 4. Preparing specialized technical staff in the field of industry and the use of play masks takes into consideration to implement what suits their designs for masks according to modern methods, so as to ensure the development of artistic skills and its continuity, and finally lead to manufacture masks compatible with the outfit with physical actor configurations and without creating trouble or damage for the actor who used these masks.The researcher suggested conducting the following tworesearches : - 1. Training program to let the national team of actors to get skillfulness in the art of stage mask industry and use it in the shows of child theatre.2. - Artistic and dramatic employment of theatrical mask in school - theatre shows.At the end of the research , the researcher presented a list of Arabic and English references
1 ... 143 144 145 146 147 ... 179