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نتائج البحث: 75 من أصل 6,330

العلاقات الالمانية - الروسية (1870 - 1914) == Germany - Russian Relations 1870 - 1914

اسم المؤلف: نادية جاسم كاظم علي الشمري
اسم المشرف: علي هادي عباس المهداوي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
الملخص:
المصادر:

تطورات التعليم في الكويت 1946 - 1971 == Developments Of Education In Kuwait 1946 - 1971

اسم المؤلف: عائد مجيد عبد زيد العيساوي
اسم المشرف: احمد يونس زويد الجشعمي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The education of Kuwait has developed between 1946 - 1971 for many reasons that participated in this development, the geographical position and the trade with foreign countries , this has increased the relationship between the Kuwaiti people and tradesmen , so the idea of education created selecting the best educated people of Kuwait that are working in the trade field and by the help of capitalists and tradesmen by holding their accounts , also the help of mosques and small libraries that specialized in religion education to create people who know how to read so it became easy to teach them how to write by founding semi governmental schools by Al - Mubarakiya school , plus the founding of literature club that supported the students materially and spiritually and offered all their necessary needs that helped in supporting the education and the number of students , also the stable politician situation that happens in Kuwait after the stable ruling of Al - Sabah family that supported the education since 1921 ,and formed by founding the Al - Ahmadiyah school materially and spiritually so the governmental education emerged so as to the governmental schools that took the Egyptian and Iraqi curriculum , that supplied the society by local education energies , all that resulted in education cooperation between Kuwait and the rest of the world countries , because of the scholarships Kuwait offered its students outside its borders and the bursaries that offered to Arabian and the province students , that helped in developing the education of Kuwait , by contacting the different cultures of the countries that the scholarships have been sent to Kuwait helped other Arabian countries that helped in developing their education , the education in Kuwait did not stay at the elementary and high schools ,but it reached to creating the Kuwait University in 1966 and the graduation of different specializations in 1970.
الملخص:
المصادر:

تطورات التعليم في البحرين (1961 - 1981) == Education In Bahrain Developments (1981 - 1961)

اسم المؤلف: حسين نعمة محمد الخفاجي
اسم المشرف: مشتاق طالب حسين الخفاجي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Education is one of the basic factors that contribute to building societies, politically, socially, economically and culturally, so the Bahraini government has paid education much attention, especially after that I realized that investing in people is the best investment in the long run, as I realized that the power of education, cohesion and planning and development helps in the development of society, and even help to the renaissance of the state and its development, hence the importance of the subject and the motivation to study it. Despite the importance of the subject and privacy, but that academic studies omitted searched historically and disclosure of mastery, and as the Bahrain are part of the Arab system in general and the Gulf in particular, and as the search in the partial problem contributes greatly to the development of treatments for similar problems in them, so the study came to contribute to shed light on this issue to achieve the desired objective and above, but it is a motive to search. Therefore, this study was entitled to (education developments in Bahrain 1961 1981), to search for the cause of the development of education in Bahrain during the years in question, being of privacy in the history of Bahrain in general and the history of education in particular the years. As education witnessed in these years a remarkable development since 1961, due to the attention of the Emir of Bahrain Sheikh (Isa Bin Salman Al - Khalifa) and his education, he has established in his reign, many schools, colleges and universities, has sent missions to the study, and encouraged talented and gifted in a ceremony to be held for them in every year b (science festival) as grant awards for science and his students. We finished the study and up to 1981 for the accession of Bahrain, the Gulf Cooperation Council, since its accession there have become common policies in several areas with the countries that participated in this cooperation, including education.By tracking the development of education in Bahrain in the years 1961 1981 can devise a set of results, most notably : 1 - early education began in Bahrain early, marked by religious education Ketatibi, as it was the boys and girls memorized the Koran and the Sunnah and learn to read and write by the mullahs and writers who Qsteke to receive lessons. It was natural blossoming of this type of education as a result of religious factors and others relating to their need to meet the needs of society at the time of readers and writers, accountants, staff, and indeed these madrassas have succeeded in preparing the individual for life in accordance with religious and moral ideals that advocated by Islam. Which encouraged these madrassas to spread, especially since the state were not educational services of their competence at the time, but the competence of individuals and groups. The traditional education in the Arabian Gulf in general and Bahrain in particular the first seed to learn, and that was popularly educated, not officially, but it shows the interest of the Gulf society in general and specifically in science education and Bahrain.2 - Soon, there has been an education is something new not seen in the region before and had an impact on the functioning of the educational process in the Arabian Gulf in general and Bahrain in particular, and prepared by some of the first signs of modern education in the Gulf, but it is education system introduced by the missionaries of America, and although the goals those missions colonial and motivated by the foundation is the preaching of Christianity in the Arabian Peninsula and convert the population to Christianity, but Zwemer and his colleagues practiced by missionaries and other activities do not represent the reality of the missionary religious goals, including medical activities and educational and cultural and archaeological and geographical, but the (US - Arab mission) It failed in its mission, because it linked the provision of basic services, a mission of evangelization be Christians, because Muslims and Arabs in general very special clinging to their religion and will not accept them an alternative.3 - private education charity in Bahrain at the beginning of the twentieth century, specifically in 1919, and was intended to proceed with the civil committees from various segments of society, whether local or expatriate, to develop the first foundations for the nucleus of formal education in Bahrain, and also came in reaction to the Education Ketatibi which He prevailed in that period and which now does not meet the wishes of the community, especially after the first World war, as things have changed and resulted in the opening up of Bahrain more broadly on data from modern Western Renaissance to make a big political and social changes in the country resulted in the emergence of cultural and social awareness among the members of the community of Bahrain, so there was a need to create a modern educational institutes differ from Koranic schools in terms of systems and curricula and goals. However it was this kind of education does not achieve scientific adequacy fit the spirit of the age.
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المصادر:

الاستاذ الدكتور صادق السوداني ومنهجه في كتابة التاريخ == Prof. Sadik Al - Soudani (Ph.D.) And His Method In History Writing

اسم المؤلف: بسام رضا محمد
اسم المشرف: كريم مطر حمزة الزبيدي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: An update of what initiated by researchers and historians studying the decades since the Iraqi mission joints of modern and contemporary history of Iraq through letters and Alatarih. And as far as the educational aspect has been many studies about the reality of education in Iraq it was discussed at the Royal and Republican covenants, including the doctoral thesis presented by Saleh Mohammed Abdullah tagged (the development of education in Iraq from 1945 to 1958). It is noted on these studies addressed the educational system structure only, ignoring the role of the scientific elite in the development of the scientific basis and development of education in Iraq, whether education in the initial stages (primary, secondary) or higher education, and did not receive light on the role this elite benevolent in this area. Proceeding from this and that decide to choose the subject with praise by the Scientific Committee in the department. The study is detailed and covers an important missing link of the history of education in Iraq, which cast a shadow over Iraqi society directly. In line with the interest of the Department of History at the College of Education / University of Babylon, studying the role of the early pioneers of leading academics historians who have left a clear imprint in the educational process in the country, we discussed the Master in the College of Education ten years ago dealt a prominent Iraqi historians, Dr. Kamal appearance Ahmed, then a series of historical studies dealing with these scientific personalities. In Baghdad University / College of Arts recently discussed the first two letters of Dr. Jafar - khasbak and the second for Dr. Saleh al - Abed, in the College of Education at the same university also discussed a message for Dr. Faisal Al - Samer, in the Department of History, University of Diyala also discussed the first two letters of the historian Fadel Hussein and the second for Dr. Hashim al - Tikriti. This academic scientific studies and contributed to bring the unique messages of its kind, as these studies did not discuss the personal life of the historian only, but dealt with his writings and his approach to the study and teaching of history, which is important because of the ignorance of most ((historians)) Iraq's new now, the foundations of the Iraqi school so to speak, or at at least those who are the pioneers of this school is founded by laid off or the first girls to her? These studies can give a clear picture of the aforementioned question. This study consists of an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion, eating in the first chapter "of his life and his social science". He held the title of the second chapter; "the evolution of the historical vision and scientific activities".The third chapter is devoted to the study of his approach based on an analytical study of historical writing. A number of conclusions have been reached during the study, the most important ones are : 1. Bon we can say through the study of His analytical study of both books by or books translated or scientific research that his approach to historical writing clear since completing his thesis. Since then he charted himself a peculiar approach it based on historical themes eating away at the analytical study tendencies and fancies in the interpretation of the historical event. What reinforces this saying his thesis and research published a master student, as well as upgrade research presented by the year 1978, but this does not mean that his studies at the University of Exeter in the United Kingdom has not changed or has not achieved any change to the method not vice versa increased scientific sobriety and convictions its methodology in historical writing2. Was his method of unique and based supervise the review of what is written by the student carefully read the letter more than seven of taking out the messages and Atarih impact readings proud of the scientific departments, which studied there, and went researchers from rattling become them later receipts and tours in the area of research scientific.3. Calculated for Dr. Sadik Sudan in the field of historical studies include : - A great interest in Jewish history and synthesizes translation, he wrote three thousand (Zionist activity in Iraq (1914 - 1952); the Jews of the United States; (A Brief History of the Jews of Iraq) and translated two books (a coil of the history of the Jews; chapters of the history of the Jews).(B) is the first to introduce the idea of writing letters and thesis in European history in the Department of History / Faculty of Arts / University of Baghdad, and at that time the idea has not lived up to many of those concerned with history, but after not long supported it and excited her.(C) the first to introduce the subject of the case the Irish studies instruction through the teaching of the subject ((international problems of historical and contemporary)) and supervision, as Ashraf proudly on the message Master of the College of Arts / University of Baghdad and four thesis PhD from the Irish case two in the Faculty of Arts, University of Baghdad and two in the Faculty of Education / University of Mustansiriya, a total of 7, the title of the late Dr. Saleh al message Irish case was one of the proposal and was one of the members of the committee discussed. In the proposed B + C has opened up new horizons for the students to record their messages and Atarihhm. After you have exhausted or nearly titles, especially those concerning Iraq.(D) Dr. Sadik Sudanese, to my knowledge is the only one who read a minimum of seven readings as may be up to ten in order to show a message or thesis, supervised by the student and the supervisor, which is unusual and unprecedented, embodies Sudan's keenness on the level of messaging and Alatarih that bears his name as a supervisor, a little something to his credit.
الملخص:
المصادر:

محمد حسن الطالقاني ودوره الفكري حتى عام 2003 == Mohammad Hassan Al Talqani And Intellectual Role Until 2003

اسم المؤلف: هند اشهاب عبد الحسين
اسم المشرف: نعيم جاسم محمد
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Contributed their writings in addressing important issues that affect the cultural and social reality as it issued anumber of cultural magazines and that the most important AL - Najaf knowledge magazine (1958 - 1961). By its founder and editor Mr.Mohammad Hassan AL Talqani has lived through a critical stage and the task of modern histoey of iraq after he moved from the system royal to the republican system in 14 july 1958 directed its attention researcher highlight the personality of Mr.Mohammad Hassan AL Talqani and intellectual role until 2003 when he enjoyed the prestaige and scientific seminar since he is from Najaf prestigious families who had a prominent role in the scientific , cultural and literary life in Najaf in particular and Iraq in general. the study consisted of the introduction and chapters and aconclusion to the most prominent conclusions reached by the researcher then avital annexes variety touched directly the life of Mr.Mohammad Hassan AL Talqani then followed by the sources relied on by this study The first chapter on the distribution of five sections studied the first section the birth and lineage of Mr.Mohammad Hassan AL Talqani as well as the place of his birth. the second section has included prominent media family and the statement of translations and the conduct of the most prominent of translations and the conduct of of the most prominent scienlists as Mr.Mihammad Hassan AL Talqani and Mr.Mashror AL Talqani and Mr.Abdul - Rasul AL Talqani.The second chapter titied cultural role of Mr.Mohammad Hassan AL Talqani has branched in to five sections Highlighted to raise the intellectual and the most prominent books published and unpublished and highlighted on the book which originally master message obtained Mr.Mohammad Hassan AL Talqani from Jesuit University in Lebanon estimate of (very good) grade.This chapter also discussed the books that made the most important part of the religious writings. the most important (AL tadiagnh) , Religion basics the achievement of the court of Hashem AL kaabi.Third chapter studied the political activity of Mr.Mohammad Hassan AL Talqani in terms of his position of the internal political developments , practicularly the Royal system (1921 - 1958) and his position on the 14 july revolution , Shawwaf movement in Mosul 1959 As well as his position on the coup of 8 february 1963.The other topic dealt axpatriate political currents and the position of which Mr.Mohammad Hassan AL Talqani. And in particular his position of the current communist and the scholars liberal group. highlight on the situation of political in the Arab ocean.The last section to his death and the most prominent participants in the memorial service
الملخص:
المصادر:

الهبات والهدايا فـي الاندلس من الفتح حتى نهاية عصر الطوائف (92 - 484هـ/711 - 1091م)

اسم المؤلف: زينب حسن نجم
اسم المشرف: محمد عبد الله المعموري
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
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المصادر:

التعليم المهني في العراق (1968 - 1979) : دراسة تاريخية == Vocational Education In Iraq From 1968 - 1979 Historical Study

اسم المؤلف: محمد احمد ياسر الحسيني
اسم المشرف: مشتاق طالب حسين الخفاجي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
الملخص:
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تصنيف استعمالات الارض الزراعية في قضاء المحاويل باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS) == Classification Of The Agricultural Land Uses In Al - Mehaweel District By Using Geographical Information Systems (GIS)

اسم المؤلف: حسن حميد جاسم
اسم المشرف: نجم عبد الحسين نجم
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية التطبيقية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: كربلاء
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد دراسة استعمالات الارض الزراعية ذات اهمية بارزة في اعداد الخطط والبرامج الزراعية التنموية في قضاء المحاويل وايضا تعد مفتاحا لحل المشاكل التي يعاني منها القضاء اذا ما اعدت بشكل علمي ودقيق.اعتمدت الدراسة تقنية نظم المعلومات الجغرافية ((GIS في تصنيف الا | Studing of Acricultural land use is one of most importing factors in preparation developing agricultural planes and programs in mahaweel , as well as regarding as key index to solve all the proplems suffered by the area if they prepared in correct scientific method - Agricultural areas have classified depending on GIS technique for mahaweel district for the period (1990 - 2015) , and that was carried by deducted the area of study from the raw of the landsat - 8 - that covered Babylon governorate depending on the ARC GIS and ERADS V.2014 programs. this study used data from landsat8, landsat5 (OLI,TM) in addition to Quick Bird (two image 1990 - 2015).These images used to classify agricultural land Uses visually and automatically depending on analyzing reflectance characteristics of the ground surfuces featuresThis study produced (13) maps, some represented studies location and others represented agricultural lands and summer to winter crops , in addition to palm , fruit orchards.The agricultural lands classified into six classes that are harvested , plowed , irrigated , barrened and implanted areas plus water. the barrened area has the highest percentage with 29% and the water with the lowest percentage 0.3%.

اثر الهجرة الوافدة في تغيير استعمالات الارض الزراعية لاطراف مدينة كربلاء المقدسة بين سنتي (2005 - 2015م) == The Impact Of Immigration In The Changing Agricultural Land Use Of The City Of Kerbala Outskirts To(2005 - 2015)A.D

اسم المؤلف: هيام فاضل فتاح حميد الدهش
اسم المشرف: رياض محمد علي عودة المسعودي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية البشرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: كربلاء
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ترمي دراسة انماط استعمالات الارض الزراعية لاطراف مدينة كربلاء بمقاطعاتها الاربعة (الفريحة, الزبيلية, باب الخان, والعباسية) للكشف عن التباين الجغرافي لانماط استعمالات الارض الزراعية في منطقة الدراسة لسنة 2015م واتجاهات نموها وتطورها ومعرفة التغيرات التي حد | Designed study uses agricultural land for the parties to the city of Karbala patterns Bmqatatha four (AL - Fariha ,AL - Zubaylah, Bab Al Khan, and AL - Abbasid) for the detection of geographical variation patterns uses of agricultural land in the study area for the year 2015 and the trends of their growth and development and knowledge of the changes that have occurred, and the impact of immigration factor in this distribution as well to reach a number of indicators and proposals which benefit planners and decision - makers from the preparation of plans and programs of development of appropriate and necessary for the advancement of the existing agricultural land uses and find ways to improve them in the future. The main problem raised by the study is how it influenced the phenomenon of migrant agricultural existing pattern on the outskirts of the city of Karbala immigration and what the quality of that impact you had a negative or positive, and why. Are there any other factors that contributed to the changing patterns of agricultural land uses in the area.The researcher relied on the assumption that the existence of a significant impact of immigration on the plant and animal production process (agricultural style) on the outskirts of the city of Karbala. And it had a positive impact in the agricultural activity. As well as the presence of other factors contributed to the change of agricultural land use geographical patterns like the factors (natural and human).The study aimed to analyze the reality of agricultural land uses patterns in the study area within the framework of the understanding and interpretation of the current situation. And knowledge of the change in agricultural land use patterns in the study area. And what degree the impact of immigration in the agricultural land uses patterns in the region. And the impact of other geographical factors (natural and human) in agricultural land use patterns in the regionIn order to reach the goal of study is based researcher Research Methodology descriptive in the review of the reality of uses of agricultural land patterns, and the methodology of statistical analysis (quantitative) for the analysis of data collected in order to determine the impact of immigration worker inflows in the changing agricultural patterns in the study area, in conjunction with the dependence on the field study and personal interviews, and Form questionnaire. As this study was mainly based on the percentages dramatically for being a simple statistical methods and give clear indications. And it adopted the percentage change in determining the direction of a positive or negative change between the base year and the comparative year in agricultural land uses patterns.The study included four chapters, with an introduction, include the introduction study problem and premise and purpose and justification and the limits of the study and its stages and structural study and studies similar The first chapter dealt with the theoretical framework for the study came in three sections addressing the first part, the concept of immigration, types and sources of data migration and methods of measurement and motives of migration and its implications singled out the second concept agricultural patterns and types of third section dealt with the concept of agricultural land uses and types as well as some related concepts uses of agricultural landThe second chapter came Bembgesan dealt with the first part, the study of the natural factors of the site and the surface and the installation of a geologist and climate and water resources and soils and their impact on uses of agricultural land patterns while the second section came to study human factors affecting land use and agricultural patterns explaining what the region has seen developments in employment Agricultural in technical factors and patterns of irrigation, transport and agricultural policy, while the third chapter study the reality of the geographical distribution of patterns uses of agricultural land in the study area for the year 2015 and came Bembgesan I dealt with the geographical distribution of patterns uses of agricultural land devoted to the production and vegetable intake second part, the geographical distribution of patterns uses allocated to agricultural land in animal productionThe fourth chapter to study the uses of agricultural land patterns change in the study area between 2005 and 2015 came in three sections deal with the first part, Tgbr uses of agricultural land patterns between 2005 and 2015 and taking the second topic the role of immigration in the agricultural, industrial and commercial activity came third section explaining the most important future directions of the study area The study conclusions and recommendations over.The most important finding is that there are positive changes in agricultural land use patterns in the study area between 2005 and 2015, and the biggest reason is due to the incoming migration. Reaching change ratio (87.9%) and vary the degree of change between the crop and the last, according to the factors affecting the crop

تغير الخريطة الهيدرولوجية في محافظة ذي قار واثارها البيئية للمدة 1990 - 2015 باستخدام الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية == Hydrological Change The Map In The Province Of Thi - Qar And Environmental Effects For The Period (1990 - 2015) Using Remote Sensing And Geographic Information Systems

اسم المؤلف: فاطمة هادي عناد الغزي
اسم المشرف: حسن سوادي نجيبان الغزي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The study aims to detect natural factors and human influence in changing the map hydrological Map province of DhiQar, south of Iraq between latitudes (30.20 - 32.00) and attitudes (45.40 - 47.00) and find out their environmental consequences during the period (1990 - 2015) the study produce of maps of high hydrological accuracy based on remote sensing data of TV visuals using ArcGIS10.2 program one of the most GIS programs. Largest hydrological change is has been observed what happened in 2002, as it reduced the Hammar HorAoanh Gmokh marshes which dried up completely, including Hor Abu your button and Hor easier Gleuen Central and marshes after it was occupies large areas in 1990 and this is illustrated by the map hydrological for the year 1990 and 2002, then they returned these marshes occupies large areas after the recovery of the marshes, which occurred after the year 2003 operations and is continuing to the present time, which led to the emergence of some of the marshes in 2015 and of which Hor Justice low Alsalibat and Hor and some swamps in parts of the province and this is illustrated by the map Alheidroujeh for the year 2015 are installed in aboard the research, as well as that there was a change in the maps hydrological not only in the marshes, but in the number and lengths drainage conals characteristics morphometric for those hydrological units during the period (1990 - 2015) as there has been a change in the (length, width, area, the proportion of the cohesion of the ocean, elongation , rotation)The study also deals with the hydrochemical of rivers and marshes and drainage conals study area, as it was collected (42) samples from different locations than those Alhidologih units in February and July to explain discrepancies spatial and temporal in those characteristics that have signed the maps named maps hydrochemical. The was comparable standards international and global knowledge of their suitability for different uses.Follow this change in the map hydrological during the period (1990 - 2015) the occurrence raised environmental special study area during the year 2002, represented by the occurrence of a change in the climate characteristics of the province of DhiQar, as drought coefficient rose and shrinking vegetation and water cover space and the increase in the barren land area, as well as a clear shortage of Animal Resources and fisheries and change the numbers Mqarndta population in 1990 and 2015

المياه الجوفية غرب منخفض الصليبات وامكانية استثمارها في التخطيط والتنمية باستخدام تقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية

اسم المؤلف: اساور رياض شمخي الزيدي
اسم المشرف: رحيم حميد عبد ثامر العبدان | هيثم عبد الامير ميناس الخالصي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The study entitled (groundwater west Low Alsalibat and the possibility of investing in the planning and development using remote sensing and geographic information systems GIS) to the distribution, geographic and spatial variation of groundwater in the study site as well as the study of the hydrological and qualitative characteristics of groundwater in order to find out the possibility of investing for the purpose of planning and development , the study area is located between the side of the astronomical latitudes (30 51 - 29 32) in the north and along the brackets (3045 - 1246) to the east, either administratively they are located within the boundaries of the hand Besah to spend within the Salman Al Muthanna province, it is located south low city of Nasiriyah (Salibat), which is a distance of about 45 km, an area of (756) km. (Were selected 32) wells which are distributed in the farms located within the boundaries of the study area for the purpose of quantitative study acting, production and attributed fixed and mobile and deep groundwater, showing through field survey and satellite visuals and topographic maps that the study area drainage area of a natural basin Salman namely with the topography of semi - flat to undulating container on a number of shallow valleys (Abu Ghar and Alasdair and Alkasir and Abu Goyer) with a sandy soil Loam, the region descend gradually towards the north, and the tendency of synthetic layers have the same general direction.There are three underground reservoirs in the upper reservoir study area is confined to exist within the sand and Almtbkharcah deposits within the Quaternary, and the reservoir within the limestone Almarlah and mud for formative Euphrates and laurel, the bottom and the reservoir, one of the trapped type represents the unity of hydrological task within the limestone Almdelmth to form Dammam outstanding high porosity, as has been the hydraulic gradient and direction of groundwater flow is calculated by application of the (law Darcy using GIS) and reached gradient barotrauma groundwater values in the study area by Darcy's law ( - 4.22 to 1.52) towards the low Alsalibat reached values of conductivity coefficient of wells in the study area between the( 374 - 230) (m) / day while the effective porosity of the formations wells study area ranged between (0.32 - 0.14) and extracted based on the geologic column of wells.The results showed physical and chemical analyzes of water samples taken from wells and springs the study area of (15) model, high physical transactions and concentrations and chemical values and this shows itself in the foot and they confined waters. The highest values (EC) (14350 - 14638) Maekeromoz / cm for two seasons and dry wet in a row and the lowest values (1762 - 1930) Maekeromoz / cm for two seasons and dry wet respectively, while the ratio of sodium reached (Na) (1744 - 1930) mg / liter for two seasons and dry wet respectively, and the lowest percentage (143 - 160) mg / l dry wet seasons in a row, chlorine reached the highest rate (3700 - 3821) mg / l dry wet seasons in a row, and the lowest percentage (605 - 710) mg / liters of wet and dry seasons respectively. Depending on the standard specifications (WHO, 2003) and (IQS, 1996) demonstrating that water study area validity to drink human absolutely not to drink poultry and animals, so its high salinity, and pollution of the elements of archaeological toxic Cal (Pb, Cd, Ni, Fe) and derived from Ckarah the region and the mixing of water deep water rising due to compositional situation characteristic of the area. Be water unsuitable for industrial use and for construction purposes, and so intense for Beeftha and be suitable for the cultivation of crops tolerant to high salinity of the medium as wheat and barley, especially since the water has values for the proportion of sodium adsorption (SAR) is located within the range of normal, reaching the highest value (57.57 to 61, 77) during the wet and dry two periods and the lowest value (11.38 to 11.64) during the wet and dry two periods in a row.

التحليل المكاني لوفيات الاطفال الرضع المسجلة في محافظة ذي قار للمدة 1996 - 2015 == Spatial Analysis For Fatalities Of Nurselins Babies That Recorded In Thi Qar Province During 1996 - 2015

اسم المؤلف: اسيل حسن عكلة
اسم المشرف: عبد العالي حبيب حسين الركابي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تتضح اهمية دراسة وفيات الاطفال الرضع في كونها عنصرا من عناصر النمو السكاني , فضلا عن كونها مؤشرا للاوضاع الاقتصادية والصحية والثقافية والسياسية للبلد , وتتجلى اهمية هذه الدراسة في انها تبين حقائق التوزيع الزماني والمكاني لوفيات الاطفال الرضع, فضلا | Basically , The importance of studying the fatalities of nurselins babies appeared as an important element of population growing. In addition , it is an index to the economic , healthy , cultural and political situations in the country. The importance of such study waylays that it is showing the facts of the spatial and temporal circulating of the babies fatalities and their age and type as well. The study depended on a group of statically styles to analyze the phenomenon , represented by the average of nurselings babies fatalities with normative degrees.The linearity gradient style was used in (spss) programme , and also the (RC GIS) programme was used to draw the main map of the studying area. The searcher resorted to the field study with a random sample (1%) of the studied society in order to cover some aspects.The study showed that the recorded aggregate of babies fatalities which was counted within the studied area reached : (10112) for the period : (1996 - 2015) and the study detected the beggaring of males fatalities on females. The average of males fatalities reached (10.1) per thousand , While females fatalities were (7.2) per thousand, which means (58.9 %) for males and (41.1 %) for females. With the age structure of the nurseligs babies fatalities the study showed that the earlier fatalities had passed the lately ones , in average of (5.1) per thousand for the earlier and (3.5) per thousand for the lately ones during the year.The comparison of reasons of fatalities between 1996 - 2015 showed that the diseases of the digestive organ , blood poisoned , diseases of breathing organ and congenital maims are the main reasons of fatalities in 1996 , While the diseases of childbearing short period , lack of weigh , breathing difficulty , neonatal babies , bacterial blood poisoned , congenital maims an obstetrical asphyxia came in the first four ranks in 2015.The geographical distribution in the administrative units showed the variation in results whereby , the center of AL - Nassiriyah city came within the first level in a normative degree of (+1 upwardly) where it had recorded (47.3 %) of the total fatalities of the province.The fielded study showed the decreasing of fatalities in cultured areas than the countryside.The study concluded that fatalities nurselings babies differ according to the year seasons and the study also showed that there is an opposite relationship between the average of fatalities and the temperatures. Also the study showed the results of the average of the simple relevancy and existence of a real relevance relationship appearing among most of the dependent and independent variables.The variables include : mother age , concatenation of baby and the period to the next birth , mothers who got the high school degree, mothers don't work , kinship relevance , habitation case , number of hospitals , number of doctors and the number of beds in hospital.The relevancy relationship had proved that these variables had exerted a strong direct effect.The image wasn't clear with the other factors which leads to it's indirect effect.

تحليل جغرافي سياسي لتغيير النظام السياسي في مصر بعد عام 2011

اسم المؤلف: دلال محمد علي كروع الربائع
اسم المشرف: مهدي فليح ناصر الصافي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:

التقييم الجغرافي للمشاريع الزراعية الحكومية في محافظة كربلاء == Geographical Evaluation To The Government Agricultural Projects In Kabala The

اسم المؤلف: وفاء حسين علي ثامر الحسناوي
اسم المشرف: سلمى عبد الرزاق عبد لايذ الشبلاوي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: كربلاء
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The attempt investment desert spaces of in Karbala to do many government agricultural projects especially that Karbala has many geographical elements include : plain land,a flat surface, a water resource (ground and surface) but what hinders the investment process is the government financial allocations have been which represent the only reason for its reservation0 The thesis discussed the natural characteristics and their direct and indirect influences to do the agricultural projects in Karbala aiming at analysing geologicad changings analysis and show the deflection to the climate characteristics ,the land and the kind of irrigation water0 Human characteristics and its role for the establishment of government agricultural project in Karbala are discussed where the man has role can’t be ignored in the establishment of the agricultural project and its continuation as well as the use of fertilizer and pesticides and irrigation method in an orderly and thoughtful way0 The reality of the government agricultural projects and their spatial distribution on the level of administrative units to Karbala and varied area and set up stages and objectives of which were also discussed0 The study also discussed the coherence and correlation of natural and human characteristics in Karbala for the purpose of production of the so - called success agriculture project through several statistical methods (T - tests,spread sheet, the correlation coefficient of variation , standard class,the statistical model0 In the lights of obtained data study concluded at the possibility of Investing vast desert spaces and use the to set up agricultural projects (environmental, research, extension) to turn the desert surround in Karbala to green areas in additions to aesthetic touch of the province ,as well as guidance and counseling for farmers to correct methods in agriculture and breeding domestic animals to promote the reality this is what gives the agricultural possibilities and opportunities for new development and investment in future0

تحليل مكاني للعشوائيات السكنية وانعكاساتها السلبية على البيئة الحضرية لبلدية الغدير في مدينة بغداد لعام 610 == A Spatial Analysis Of Residential Slums And Their Negative Impact On The Urban Environment Of Ghadir Municipality In The City Of Baghdad For 2016

اسم المؤلف: محمد صبيح صبر الماجدي الحسيني
اسم المشرف: حسين عليوي ناصر الزيادي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The study comes to illustrate the A spatial analysis of residential slums and their negative impact on the urban environment of Ghadir municipality in the city of Baghdad for 2016, as shown by the study of the slums and a clear and significant impact on the lack of efficient infrastructure services for the municipality of Ghadir (drinking water, electric power, sewage, waste disposal), as the services mentioned above slums are exceeded on the services provided near the slum areas, and this in turn leads to increased pressure on services provided by the municipality and the weakness of their efficiency.The study systematic structure included four chapters, The first chapter, entitled The theoretical and organizational framework of the study, The second chapter deals with the geographical, natural, human and economic characteristics of the study area. The third chapter explains the spatial distribution of random dwellings in Al Ghadeer Municipality. The fourth chapter explained the service reality of the randomities and their effect on municipal services. Ghadir, and the study concludes with findings and recommendations that could put them in the hands of decision - makers to take the necessary and try to address the phenomenon of slums, one of the global problems and that appear in third world countries.Found during the field study, there are three types of slums, a semi - regular and irregular, and the houses of tin, also shows that rare tin houses in the study area, as this type of slums has shrunk to more than (90%), due to demolition role by occupants and building another new role, especially after the increase in the number of slums and reassuring residents that there is no legal issue against them. Show through field study also found that there (36 370 units) randomized in the study area are distributed to (26) residential locality, in the revival (April 9, and Akd).

جيومورفولوجية حوض وادي الحسام باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية والاستشعار عن بعد == Geomorphology Basin Valley Hussam Using GIS And Remote Sensing Systems

اسم المؤلف: ايمان حسن هاشم الزاهدي
اسم المشرف: رحيم حميد عبد ثامر العبدان
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:

خرائط تغير الغطاء الارضي واستعمالات الارض الزراعية في قضاء الشطرة باستخدام تقنيات الاستشعار عن بعد ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية == Maps Of Land Cover Change And The Use Of Agricultural Land In The District Of Shatra Using Remote Sensing And Geographic Information Systems

اسم المؤلف: اخلاص فليح فرهود الخفاجي
اسم المشرف: رحيم حميد عبد ثامر العبدان | حسين عليوي ناصر الزيادي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The study depends on using two remote sensing technical and geographical information systems(GIS) drawing in mapping the classification of land cover and agricultural land uses within spatial and temporal changes in the Shatra district during the period (1985 - 2015). The study area is located between longitude (46 - 40 - 46.0) east and two latitudes (31.35 - 31.10) north. Its geographical location is Maysan bordered by the north - east and the Rifai district to the north and Al - Nasr from the north - west while the Nasiriyah district is bordered by the south. While overlooking several areas of the south - west, such as AL.iislah and Sayed Dakhil he area is characterized by its shallow nature, which is invested in agriculture and other uses, which have changed from time to time in most of its land cover types. The study used sensor data (TM, ETM +, OLI) for the American satellite (Landsat - 5, Landsat - 7, Landsat - 8) as well as the use of satellite data (Quikbird2). The Landsat satellite included eight videos for each visual year for two different periods. (1985 - 1993 - 2003 - 2015) in order to know the changes in land cover and uses of agricultural land through the interpretation of these visuals and classification visually and mechanically, GIS software (ARC.GIS.v.10.3 \ 10.2) and ERDAS2014 were used to demonstrate and improve the spectral characteristics of the visuals used in the study to achieve the desired objective. The maps of land cover change produced by the study area, which were digitally classified by the USGS classification, revealed that 6 types of land cover were identified within the first level of this system, Where the areas of the discovered species were calculated for use in the analysis of the change and the output of the classified data in the form of maps showing the change in the spatial distribution of each class in the study area for different periods by adding the colors assigned to each category and the appropriate boundaries and symbols and to build a geographical base for the judiciary. The highest land area was 1,764km2 in 2003, while the wetland category recorded the lowest area of (38.03 km2) for the year 2015. The use of agricultural land for the year 2015 for winter and summer was also based on the data collected from agricultural institutions and departments Therefore, two maps show the distribution of agricultural crops in the study area

المياه الجوفية المصاحبة للنفط في حقل اللحيس النفطي وامكانية استثمارها == Ground Water Associated With Oil In Al Luhaise Oil Field And Their Possibility Of Investing

اسم المؤلف: سولاف رزاق خطار العنزي
اسم المشرف: جاسب كاظم عبد الحسين الجوهر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Water - based is the natural resource in dry areas it controls the intensity of the existence of the human beings ,animal , plants and their distribution. This prompted many studies to conduct surveys and applying economic methods for development in order to conduct self - sufficiency and trying to create a green environment preserving the ecological fabric in study area. the area under study which is located the dry climate environment makes them suffer a shortage of water resources, particularly the rain as well as distancing itself from surface water sources. This thesis intends study groundwater that accompanies the extraction of oil in Al luhaise oil field the province of Basra - azubayr - Safwan and a subsidiary of the SOC one of the Ministry of oil companies. Oil production in this field suffers from the abundance of water associated with the production of oil and that is exposed in vain whit out investment as water flows during the excavation process, particularly when access to a depth of 1063 m and the flow of an estimated 30,000 m3 / day either at the production process and in the insulation station Water flows at the station A, and the station, B and also neglected and disposed of by injection into a well in Dammam formation drilled specifically for this purpose.the structure of the study was built on the four chapters. The first chapter discusses the natural and human factors affecting the groundwater and have been supported by topographic maps with the scale 1 : 100,000 and structural map of Iraq with the scale 1 : 1,000,000 and geological map of Iraq with the scale 1 : 1,000,000 in determining the nature of the area. The area does not contain the outcrop formation except formation Al dibdibba and deposits Quaternary fan alluvial valley subcontractors characterized by a gradual decline towards the north - east, with a height of the region at the border Arabia 270 m either northeastern study area decreases to 10m this is shown by contour lines surrounding area major faults.It is the north bounded Takaded Qurna and the Middle unconformity Euphrates and south unconformity Valley subcontractors as well as faults and folds which are located in the sedimentary that cover the latest configurations geological composition is Al dibdibba and oldest formation Zubair since it has been traced by column geological reach aquifers.The second chapter it deals with the kinds of groundwater , the movement , the types of all aquifers that containing the study area contains from unconfined aquifers in the formation Al dibdibba to semi confined aquifers in the formation of Dammam and confined inthe deep configurations, such as Tayarat and Umm Er - Radhuma formation sampling water formation Tayarat analyzed in the laboratories of the Ministry of oil, while the isolation station water analysis was achieved in the laboratories of the Faculty of Science Department of Chemistry where study of these samples was done and compared with water wells formation Al dibdibba in the study area. The third chapter deals with ways to address those waters depending on the applied global mothod in of the most countries of the world. As the text of the US federal law, the law makes it imperative for respective personnel petroleum industries associated with water to produce oil processing. Chapter four discussion Water Assessment and ways to invest groundwater form the isolated gas station insulation and Tayarat formation assesses suitability for special uses of oil industry, human uses comparing it with the universal values of the World Health Organization WHO)) and assesses used of agricultural purposes and of irrigating the animal and industrial uses.

التمثيل الخرائطي للغطاء الارضي واستعمالات الارض في قضاء الناصرية باستخدام التقنيات الجغرافية == Cartographic Land Cover And Land Use Representation In The District Of Nasiriya Using Geo - Technologies

اسم المؤلف: سرى باسم كاظم
اسم المشرف: رحيم حميد عبد ثامر العبدان
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The land is considered one of the environmental system components which is responsible for providing the means of life for all living beings and different forms of human activities , therefore the informationsabout it are the most important ones to be provided for monitoring the quality of that environment.Land cover is the physical and biological components of the land. Therefore, the studying of the land cover is considered one of the most important means for detection and following the changes in the land and its uses. This study analyses the changes - in time and place - of different classes of land use and land cover of Al - nasiriyah district, which represents the study area and the largest district of the province of Dhi Qar. It comprises five administrative units ( Ur, Islah, Batha,Said dkeel and city center) and characterized by being a plane territory located within the Alluvial plain, the are many intermingled - natural and man made - factors which led to dramatic changes in the area including the draining out of the marshes and the swamps by the former government which led - for example - to an increment in the area of barren land class on behave of the wetland class. Land use\land cover has been studied for the district of Al - nasiriyah to reach the goals of the study by using the geographical information systems and remote sensing which utilizes the computer software (ERDAS IMAGE 2014) and (GIS ARC MAP 10.2.1) that analyzed the satellite images scanned by landsat 5, 7 and 8, the land use\ land cover of the mentioned area has been monitored through thirty years by considering eight images which represent the winter and summer for 1985, 1993, 2003 and 2015 to detect the changes among those years on one hand and in each year on the other, also the topographic maps has been used to assist the quest. There were three steps to do so represented firstly by supervised classification of the study area depending on Anderson's classification and six classes were obtained (agricultural, urban, wetland, grassland, barren and water class) ,secondly by visual analysis of the maps obtained from the first step in addition to utilize the land use\cover indices (mineral composite, normalized difference vegetation index and normalized difference waterindex) which aid in clearfying the overlapping in some classes, and thirdly was detection of the changes in the mentioned classes though the taken period. the study produced a detailed data base of the area and concluded the randomness in distribution of urban class ,damaging the grassland by overgrazing ,and the presence of wetland within the area can be utilized for tourism , among others

التركيب الداخلي لمدينة الغراف : دراسة في جغرافية المدن == The Lnterior Structure Of Al - Graf City (A Study In Geography Of Cities)

اسم المؤلف: حسن صالح خضر صالح الجوراني
اسم المشرف: سميع جلاب منسي السهلاني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية البشرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: كشفت الدراسة عن تحليل نظام التركيب الداخلي لمدينة الغراف والمتغيرات الطبيعية والبشرية التي اثرت على شكل المدينة الداخلي وتركيبها، وتقييم واقع الحال لهذا التركيب، فضلا عن تقدير الحاجة المستقبلية منها حتى عام (2025). كما تهدف هذه الدراسة الى الكشف عن جوانب | The study aims to analyze the System of the internal structure of AI Garret city and the natural and epidermal Changes that affect the form and the Structure of the city.The stndy also aims to assess the reality of the city structure moreover, the study also provides a future need for the city till 2025. The study, also aims to reveal some aspects of helping planners to destinations relevant to take their own advantage and to tackle The problems faced by the city. In line with the study objectives and under the lack of official Statistics for many patterns of the internal Structure of the city. Field Study has been adopted to put information and data into tables depending on the findings of the Stnoy and the question air , appendixes (1,2,3) if the sample size is (691) which represents 10% of the total volume of the number of residential units which are (6907). The Study uses the program (Arc gis710.3) to draw maps for the Study and the representation of these maps as units in the social package program(spss7,19)to create crossword charts and graphs. The main findings of the study is to detect four residential urban modes which Show the overlap among them. The study edso shows that there is no clear resi dentinal style of urban with in the city. This reflected on the overlap and Contrast the spatial distribution of the other activities.It is Found that the small occupation of commercial space and its usage is due to the nature of the work which does not require large tracts in most of its existing institutions in the study area. It is dispersed to several modes in many other sites. This is the same case applied to other activities and patterns of residential ur ban on the level of population distribution in Garret city during the periocl extended between (1977 - 2015). It turns out that the number of people in the city in 1977 was 6032 person. But their number in (1987,1997,2015)reached to(13916,22388,52249)respectively. This means that the per capita rate of the city area that was 1500ha in 2015 is287ms while the total area of residential usage is 634ha. It is 42,q% from the total city area. According to local standards, it is expected that the city area will increase up to 2039ha in 2020and 2597ha in 2025 ha.Based on AIG arraf city's residents, future expectations the number of the city residential blocks is 22blocks in 2015 and will be 29,37blocks in 2020 ,2025 respectively.It is linked to the status of the city depending on the quality and quantity - standards in shaping the future expectations to meet the city requirements for service. frameworlc preceded by an introduction. It also The study in clades a theoretical four chapters.The first chapter is about the study of the geographical in gradients and its impact on the structure of the study area. The second chapter caxplains fh functional and urban development of the study area through the morphologionl stages that the city goes through wp too what il is now. The third chapter concerns with the different usage of the city land during the morphological contemporary stage represented in residential , commercial and industrial age ,services , trauportation and the unused laud. The fourth copter deals with factors that influence the interval structure of the city.It deals also with analysis of the city structure according to the theories of traditional internal structure of the city and the future expectation ,for its usages. Finally ,the study ends with conclusion ,finding ,and recommendations included the optimal use.of land usaaz.The study also ras a list of appendixes and abstract in English language

جيومورفولوجية حوض وادي الطريفاوي == Geomorphology Of The Wadi Al - Trephaoy Basin

اسم المؤلف: وفاء مازن عبد الله
اسم المشرف: اسحق صالح العكام
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study dears geomorphology & Trifaoui Valley Basin which is located within the provinces ( Karbala , Anbar , Najaf ) , which is of the internal drainage dry water basins , an area of ( 6411 ) km 2 , and its length ( 177.8 ) km.The thesis focused on the analysis of natural geographical component of the study area , and displaying their role in the formation of the manifestations of the ground, as well as morphometric characteristics of the network drainage, where the the basin is divided to six secondary basins : the area of the first basin is (1) ( 3888 km 2) the second (2) toward ( 414.2 km 2 ) and Third (3) was ( 671.8 km2 ) and The Fourth (4) (about 776.3 km2) and The Fifth (5) (about 299.2 km2) and The sixth (6) (about 361.5km2).And through the study of morphometric tectonic characteristics, the final classification of the tectonic indicators , falling within the tectonic value, reached (2.5 - 2), which is like the moderate tectonic activities and this applies to the study area. And through the study of geometric properties, it turns out that the average rate of rotation of Wadi Trifaoui was (0.30). rotation values have arised can be considered a moderate value in terms of slalom water division and this does not mean that these docks are close to the circular shape. The percentage elongation of basins is (0.55). This means that pans away from the circular shape, which leaves its impact on the configuration of landforms in these basins. As for Terrain characteristics, it became clear that the relative terrain average of basin is ( 0.81 ) making , a low value is indicated by the large area of the pelvic, while the value of ruggedness reached to ( 0.38 ) This shows the lack of basin Relief , the nature of the rock the study area intense the reduction of the steepness degree.The torrents threaten the study area as it has been classified into three types of risk, namely : low - risk pools as pools did not appear in within this level of risk, and medium risk basins include the pelvis (1) , high - risk pools include basins : ( 2,3,4,5,6 ). The study also included the risk & the sandy crawl areas and their presence during the two periods of time (from 1985 to 2013) where the percentage of sand dunes for the year (1985) about (10.1%), and for the year (2013) is (10.9%), the study concluded that the proposal of the model illustrates the danger of these characteristics with the help of GIS technology characteristics, it has been classified according to the study area into three severity levels of dangerous geomorphological, a low - risk & medium risk areas and hazardous areas of zones. It was found that lowrisk areas occupy (4.66%), medium - risk areas and occupy the highest percentage among the areas of (60.64%), followed by hazardous areas (34.68%), from the space of the study area which is (6411 km2).

اثر كلف النقل في الاتجاهات التسويقية لمعامل الاسمنت في العراق لعام 2015 == The Influence Of Transportation Cost On The Business Marketing Of Cement Factories In Iraq For 2015

اسم المؤلف: نورس تحسين شبيب
اسم المشرف: ناهض هاتف محمد السعيدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد صناعة الاسمنت احد الانشطة المهمة لاقامة مشاريع البنى التحتية او اي مشروع اعماري , ان هدف الدراسة هو معرفة اثر كلف النقل في الاتجاهات التسويقية لمصانع الاسمنت في العراق لسنة 2015,وهل اثر الاسمنت المستورد في الصناعة المحلية ودراسة التوزيع الجغرافي لمص | The industry of cement is considered one of the significant activities in the construction of sites and projects. The present study aims at identifying the transportation cost of cement in Iraqi factories during 2015 and whether these costs do affect the business marketing of this product. Besides, it aims at exploring whether the imported cement does affect the local or national industry of this product, and the geographical distribution of cement factories in Iraq. This study has adopted the regional methodology resulting in identifying the factors of industrial settlement greatly impacting the cement industry such as the raw material, working hands, marketing, capital, energy and power, and the governmental policy besides the natural factors and conditions such as the geographical position, weather and water resources in the light of theories concerned with the transportation costs like Alfred Fiber theory and Hoover theory. The study has depended on the records of cement factories of governmental and non - governmental sectors in addition to field visits to diagnose the amount of cement produced during 2015. There is a variation in the geographical distribution of cement factories in Iraq as there are six factories in the north affiliated to the northern cement company, four in the west affiliated to the Iraqi cement company, and eight factories in the south affiliated to the southern cement company besides other private factories like Mas - Bazian in Sulaimania, Aldouh factory in AlMuthna, and Almabroukah factory in AlBasra. The cement industry in Iraq suffers from a lot of problems like transportation cost, factories distribution, marketing problems, pollution problems, power problems and foreign competitive products. It has been concluded that the industrial settlement is one of the main reason in constructing and building cement industrial projects especially in the case of Iraq which is best known by the availability of raw materials. Furthermore, the transportation cost of cement from those factories to the various governorates decides the business marketing of this product as it has been observed that the transportation direction from those factories to the nearest governorates show lower prices and costs and the reverse is true.

تحليل خرائط المؤشرات التخطيطية للخدمات الاجتماعية في مدينة المحمودية

اسم المؤلف: منى محمد علاوي
اسم المشرف: حسام صاحب حسون ال طعمة
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ترمي الرسالة الى دراسة تحليل خرائط الخدمات الاجتماعية في مدينة المحمودية والتعرف على التباين المكاني في الخدمات الاجتماعية (التعليمية والصحية والترفيهية ) فضلا عن معرفة امكانية تحليل الخدمات الاجتماعية في عكس واقع وكفاءة تلك الخدمات في منطقة الدراسة والكش

تحليل خرائط مؤشرات كثافة استعمال الارض في مدينة بغداد

اسم المؤلف: مريم عبد الهادي اكوش
اسم المشرف: حسام صاحب حسون ال طعمة
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تهدف الدراسة الى اعداد وتحليل خرائط لاستعمالات الارض الحضرية والكثافات السكانية والحضرية والسكنية في مدينة بغداد على كافة المستويات الحضرية ابتداء من اكبر مستوى هو البلدية ثم الحي السكني والى اصغر وحدة ادارية والتي تتمثل بالمحلة السكنية لعامي 2009 - 2015 | r urban grounding, and population, urban and housing densitie urban levels including the largest component of municipality and the smallest component of neighborhood during 2009 - 2015 through spotting lights on the way of distributing population density and the main reasons behind such distribution. The study has identified the different patterns of housing, industrial, general services, open and green lands, farming, governmental, transportation, and the like uses. It also explicates the way of distribution of these densities in the various administrable units of the area under investigation through setting up and analyzing a set of maps. This study has three chapters ; chapter one deals with describing the uses of maps for land density at the municipality level , chapter two deals with setting up ground density grouping maps for the various neighborhoods of the present study, while chapter three deals with analyzing the ground density grouping maps for the smallest administrable units. The researcher has used the descriptive methodology and digit - quantification map analysis methodology. That is, it has been used maps and satellite images of Baghdad city, and setting up a set of maps for the area under investigation via the data provided by the governmental official institutions. The study has 61 maps and 41 tables. The study has come up with a number of concluding findings. It has been emphasized the significance of digital maps in magnifying the density image for the smallest housing area or so - called neighborhood. The following neighborhoods (303, 311, 109, 111, 113, 117, 119, 125, 127, 129, 131, 520, 522, 526, 528, 532, 534, 540, 542, ' 544, 54, 548, 550, 522, 554, 560, 560, 562, 527, 529, 531, 544, 546, 550, 552, 554, 556, 558, 560, 562, 627, 529, 531, 533, 539, 541, 543, 547, 549, 551, 553, 559, 561 ', 563, 563, 565, 567, 569, 513, 517, 519, 521, 555, 557, 571, 571, 573, 575, 752, 754, 758, 701, 713, 715, 719, 715, 721, 732, 737, 751, 753, 771, 773, 789,913,950,813,673,421,454,458,460,462,472, 416, 418, 418, 426, 462,430) have high urban density of 500 person per a hectarein 2015. Also, the administrable units have accessed the permissible population limit, and a number of solutions have been put forward

التحليل المكاني للانفاق العسكري لدول الشرق الاوسط للمدة (1988 - 2015) == Spatial Analysis Of Middle Eastern Countries' Military Expenditure (1988 - 2015)

اسم المؤلف: كرار احمد عطية نعمة
اسم المشرف: بشار محمد عويد القيسي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: جاءت الدراسة الموسومة بـ ( التحليل المكاني للانفاق العسكري لدول الشرق الاوسط) لمعرفة ما هو الانفاق العسكري وما اثر تلك النفقات على منطقة الشرق الاوسط بصورة عامة ودوله بصورة خاصة وطبيعة التباين في النفقات العسكرية بين تلك الدول واسباب هذا التباين خصوصا بعد | The study, entitled (Spatial Analysis of Middle Eastern Countries' Military Expenditure), is an attempt to find out what is meant by military expenditure, its effect on the Middle East, in general, and particularly the countries in this area, the nature of the differences in military expenditure among these countries and reasons behind these differences. This expenditure lately witnessed a remarkable increase; however most of these countries are developing and suffering from several economic and developmental problems. In this study, the researcher discusses the concepts of military expenditure and Middle East. The most prominent concepts, differences among these concepts and reasons behind differences among researchers concerning these concepts, were discussed. Besides, most the prominent geographical characteristics of the Middle East which serve the subject, concerning position, area and strategic importance of the area were tackled. The study also mentions world military expenditure by billions of dollars out of the gross domestic product, the most world countries spending on military sectors, among which were many countries from the Middle East. The researcher also discusses military expenditure for each continent and differences in such expenditure among continents. After that, military expenditure in the Middle East, in general, in million dollars, gross domestic product of each country were discussed to show the nature and extent of military expenditure of world, Middle East and each country separately. Then, the extent of military expenditure of each country in the Middle East, nature of differences and most profitable countries and companies from this expenditure were discussed. The researcher tried to mention the most prominent reasons behind such a difference in military expenditure and reasons led countries of the Middle East to resort to such a high level military expenditure. Then he tried to study the most important effects of such military expenditure (positive and negative effects), as well as clarify the future of military expenditure in the Middle East.

الاهمية الجيوبولتيكية لشبه جزيرة القرم في الامن القومي الروسي == The Geopolitical Importance Of The Peninsula Of Crimea To The Russian National Security

اسم المؤلف: فيحاء كامل عباس الفتلاوي
اسم المشرف: عطا الله سليمان راهي الحديثي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The Russian strategy has long concentrated on the issue of the national security, particularly post to the new changes of the dissociation of the Soviet Union in 1991, the end of the cold war, and the recession of the Russian existence from the warm waters of the Back Sea. Furthermore, Russia withdrew as the capital for the benefit of Moscow, which is closer to the borders with countries nearer to the European countries, which emerged after the Soviet Union dissolution. Many of those countries became part of the NATO and European Union, when Ukraine became the separating country between Russia and allies of NATO, near Europe, as well as the USA which all did their best to attract Ukraine to its international space. All these new changes established the new beginning of a new phase in the Russian strategies, that worked seriously to prevent Ukraine from joining the NATO. The process of the Russian political decision making repressed then by reshaping the Russian strategic goals, and regaining its role as a former superpower,reestablishing its international status in a multipolar world to be one of them.In order to reach objective results, the current study the Russian elements of power and its geopolitical importance and the extant of its influence on its internal and external policy. The study shows that what Russia enjoys of its location grants it a geopolitical importance, clarified through the geopolitical theories that stressed such a fortified location. In addition to the strategic depth that provided it with the ability to reinforced defense. The study also projected the manpower that distinguish Russia despite its suffering from the demographic challenge represented by the decline of population during the last decade of the twentieth century and first decade of the millennium. Despite of the later fact, Russia remained superior to its Asian and European neighboring countries in population except for China. Furthermore, the study points out the Russian economic power, represented by owning the power reserve such as oil and gas, as well as the distinguished pipeline net that extends to the European continent. That is in addition to a powerful and developed military industry, particularly those of military airplanes.The study sheds light on the Russian policy in Eastern Europe and its significance of this area in the geological theories, such as those of Mackinder, Speakman, Safarski, and then Bringenski. These focused on following the strategies before, during, and after the cold war, particularly within this area were these strategies developed with emerge of the new millennium, returning to the international role of Russia that it almost lost post the Soviet Union in 1991.The importance of the Peninsula of Crimea lies in the fact that it represents the main focus of this study due to its geopolitical significance in relation to Russia; since the issue of Crimea became one of most important issues for more than two decades. It was included within Ukraine after 1991, yet after Russia realized its mistake by the haste decision of boarder’s determination between Russia and the neighboring countries of the former Soviet Union, like Ukraine and particularly Crimea due to its important strategic location with the existence of the Russian fleet. The study also points out the significance of the location of Ukraine in relation to Russia as a separating country that can be a soft edge through which NATO, European Union and the USA can penetratetoward vital Russian military political and economic spaces. The study also puts forward a number of scenarios for the future of the area and the role of the Russian policy in it.

هيدروجيومورفولوجية نواظم الضبط الجنوبية لنهر الفرات في محافظة ذي قار == Hedrogeomorphology Head Regulators South Seizure Of The Euphrates River In The Province Of Dhi Qar

اسم المؤلف: سناء عبد شهد التميمي
اسم المشرف: سعدية عاكول منخي الصالحي | حسين لعيبي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت الدراسة مجرى نهر الفرات وتفرعاته والذي يمتد من ناحية الفضلية التابعة لقضاء سوق الشيوخ في محافظة ذي قار حيث تمثل نقطة دخول نهر الفرات في منطقة الدراسة، وتفرعه في هذه الناحية الى فرع (غليوين) والمقام عليه اول ناظم من نواظم الضبط الجنوبية وصولا الى م | The study examined the course of the Euphrates River and its branches, which extends from the hand of the Suq - Shuyukh in Dhi Qar province, where represents the entry of the Euphrates point Fudaliyah, and Tafrah in this area to a branch (Glujn) and place it first Rhyming of South head regulators tuning down to the mouth of the rest of the forest Euphrates River erected thereon Rhyming (Glujn, good vine, Aekakh, Digger, brown happy, or Palm) in Hammar marsh and along the river (43 km). Study of the hydrological system and the resulting forms of geomorphology and pictures invested in Hedrogeomorphology study. The researcher relied on field study scientific and historical sources and interpretation of satellite images and topographic maps.The study area is part of the alluvial plain land which is characterized by Banbsat out of the northwest slope towards the south - east, which Kan determine the general direction of the river bed a height of approximately (5 m) above sea level.The geology of the region dating back to the Pleistocene and Holocene era and covers the surface sediments of time is a modern four - wheel depositions disjointed divided into floodplain deposits, which mostly due to the activity of the Euphrates and tables branching ment in historical stages, depressions and deposits, and deposits of the marshes.The region is subject climatically to the dry desert climate depending on climatic data obtained from Nasiriyah station and Samawa, so the recipe drought to the region reflected its effects on the lack of rain in winter and high temperatures in summer, leading to variation and fluctuation in the discharge hydrological Euphrates River monthly and quarterly and annually and is affected by the quantities the disposal absolute headwaters of major river, affecting the composition of formats ground inside and outside of the river and its branches, as well as the lack of vegetation density, making the region is characterized by climatic water balance is negative, according to my way of Thornthwait and Khrovh. Based on these characteristics and how they interact with each identified forms the floor of the area and of Mounattvat and twists of river and islands river, which is that of the geomorphological aspects of excellence in forest river, as was the shoulder for (54) a turn and twisting in the main stream and the forest, and through maps and visualizations were taken clips longitudinal study area and Tzmt to three longitudinal sections where the river turned out to be going through a period where he excelled longitudinal aging sector of the river slightly Ptqar (semi - regular) to the small vertical distance of the sector for the longitudinal horizontal distance.As it has been cleared cross sections where it was found through a survey (10) sections of the river that the form of these sections take the form of the letter (U) which is a reference to the stage of aging is going through because of the duck runoff resulting from a lack of steep and deep (0.75 cm / km).As it turned out that there is a clear interaction between geomorphological fluvial processes and human activity as the changing course of the river through the stages may cause migration of many towns and villages that were built on its extension and turned into a new stream taken, which is reflected in the settlement pattern, as it would like linear pattern along the course of the Euphrates River in the regionAs it turns out that the river water is investing in several areas of agricultural investment in the forefront, and human use in the field of drinking comes lags filtered by the filter plants (RO) for use in the field of drinking and washing and then use the water to drink animals that grew up in the area and agriculture is dependent class basis on the style of irrigation through an intermediary only at the present time due to the low river water levels, through various pumps horsepower and powers on both sides of the river.

التحليل الجغرافي للهجرة الداخلية في الولايات المتحدة الامريكية == Geographical Analysis Of Internal Migration In The United States Of America

اسم المؤلف: سحر علي صادق
اسم المشرف: صلاح محسن جاسم
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The study was based on geographical analysis of internal migration in the united states depending on the type of movement, whether between state or within the same state. The study was based on the way the place of residence when studying internal migration and addressed the period (1995 - 2000) based on data and research by the United States census bureau population census of 2000.Chapter One : the theoretical framework and the geographic definition of the study area will include two sections the first theoretical framework and the second geographic definition of the study area.Chapter two volume of internal migration and trends for the period of (1995 - 2000). The chapter will examine the size of internal migration and internal migration within the US itself as well as internal migrationbetween the US and the direction of internal migration. Chapter three : The characteristics of the immigrant population and will include a chapter on the study of the characteristics of immigrants in terms of (gender composition, age structure, composition and ethnic composition marital and educational) Chapter four : variables affecting variation in the size of internal migration. The chapter will study the economic variables (the working population, unemployment, income level) and social variables (housing conditions, poverty, marital status, education, and health insurance) as well as demographic variables (size of the population and the white race) and natural variables (size and degree rate the heat).Chapter five : Effects of internal migration and will study the effects of demographic (population size and growth rate of change, gender composition, age structure) and the economic effects, which is studying the dependency ratio in addition to the study of the social effects of internal migration, such as the crime rate

سياسات التنمية الحضرية في المدن الصغيرة : حالة دراسية مدينة ابو غريب : دراسة في جغرافية المدن

اسم المؤلف: سارة عامر فاضل المجمعي
اسم المشرف: بشير ابراهيم الطيف الدايني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية البشرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: حضيت المدن الصغيرة باهتمام قليل من قبل دول العالم عامة، والدول النامية خاصة، ,ولاسيما تلك المدن القريبة من المراكز الحضرية الكبرى، وغالبا ما تطبق عليها السياسات ذاتها التي تطبق على المراكز الحضرية الكبرى وتتعرض الى زحف الكتلة العمرانية الكبرى وتاكل ارضه | Benediction small towns little attention by the countries of the world in general, especially the developing countries , especially those close to the major urban centers of cities , often applies the same policies that apply to the major urban centers and are exposed to major urban cluster creep and the erosion of its territory in the absence of strict laws limit it.Therefore, this study was to take the form of these small towns, namely, (Abu Ghraib), and I have deliberately researcher to take Abu Ghraib city a model for this, for its proximity to the city of Baghdad, and the presence of many development aspects that can be used as policies in the development of the city. Shows through the study also found that agricultural activity has become limited compared with the growing interest in commercial and industrial activity, so this study was to reveal the potential of the region and the use of a variety of policies in accordance with each use of the use of urban land in the city and try to develop it and choose its own policy as well as the policies that have been applied to assess the study area within the development of the city's strategic plan.The researcher found that the best policies applied to the region is to promote the reality of urban city and the rehabilitation of slum areas and develop policies without removed , causing expensive state costs under its budget deficit because the restoration and rehabilitation costs less than building a new residential neighborhoods.As well as the development of these small towns by opening the axes of the expansion of the city identified these hubs , according to the future population growth and expectations of urban land use in the city of Abu Ghraib to the year (2034. AD) and a researcher trying to sign the main uses in the proposed themes.The recommendations are the official authorities, especially government institutions responsible for the implementation of these policies and upgrade them and most of that commitment in the implementation of these policies and cooperation between the government and the people and the private sector in the commitment to implement these policies, and to take responsibility in the development of the city and upgrading, and limit the expansion of the influence of municipalities and development through the introduction of modern equipment, geographic information systems and development, and the elimination of administrative corruption.

التحليل المكاني لخصائص السكان كبار السن في مدينة بغداد للمدة (1997 - 2013) : دراسة في جغرافية السكان == Spatial Analysis Of The Characteristics Of The Elderly Population In The City Of Baghdad , For The Period (1997 - 2013) ( Study At The Geography Of The Population)

اسم المؤلف: راندا ناصر محمد
اسم المشرف: صلاح محسن جاسم
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تهدف الدراسة الى دراسة التحليل المكاني لخصائص السكان كبار السن في مدينة بغداد على مستوى وحداتها الادارية (اقضية ونواحي)، من خلال دراسة حجمهم وتوزيعهم وخصائصهم الديموغرافية، والتعرف على حالتهم الزواجية ومستواهم التعليمي، فضلا عن التعرف على خصائصهم الاقتصا | Aims Thread to study the spatial analysis of the characteristics of the elderly population in the city of Baghdad at the level of administrative units (districts and the areas), through the study of their demographics and learn about the marital status and level of education in addition to the identification of economic characteristics in terms of human their strength and scope of the exercise of their economic activity and their process included the study to know the most important health difficulties they face in addition to the knowledge of the most important reasons leading to it and learn about the deaths in this category of the population. The study aimed to reveal the image of the spatial and temporal variation of the characteristics of the elderly population for the period (1997 - 2013), where he adopted a researcher on the 1997 census data, and the data and the ministries of planning and health in relation to the year 2013. The study found that the proportion of older people is still low in terms of ( 3.46 % ) for 1997 to rise to ( 3.84 % ) for the year 2013 and that the proportion of females is higher than males in terms of ( 56.51 % , 52.19 % ), respectively for the years study , as the study found an increase in the proportion of married couples in terms of ( 55.32 % ) for 1997 to be submitted to ( 62.11 % ) for the year 2013 while both bachelors and divorcees and widows decreased , either in terms of their level of education , the illiteracy rate is still very high in terms of ( 36.14 % ) , either with respect to their strength , rising non - human ratio of economically active than ( 86.47 % ) in the year 1997 to ( 94.08 % ) in the year 2013, Either by the economic activity the wholesale & retail trade and repair of vehicles and got the first in mining and quarrying came last, and when the examination, showed a characteristic. The health problems considered in the first place the difficulties experienced by the elderly and reached the 31.56% although old age is the main cause of the difficulties experienced by the senior age.

السكن العشوائي في مدينة الكوت : دراسة في جغرافية المدن == Random Settlements In Al - Kut City ( A Study In Urban Geography)

اسم المؤلف: حامد داوي كاظم السرايدة
اسم المشرف: جبر عطية جودة المياح
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The research aims to study the problem of slums in the city of Al - Kut , and their causes and the most important problems arising from them , also aims to geographical distribution study of slums and Pattern Recognition distribution them through the use of some statistical methods nearest neighborhood , distance standard medium and the site, also used some statistical methods other to achieve the aims of search abstraction percentages and the formulation of statistical tables and graphs and analysis study depended mainly field study and applied to a random sample in addition to the governmental institutions that serve the goals of search data. The study included four chapters The first chapter discusses the history of the problem of slums in the city off Al - Kut and its causes, and the second chapter is included the geographical distribution of the slums, and the third chapter is included the population characteristics and housing slums, and the fourth chapter problems caused by the random housing in the study area in addition to the (Future Vision) conclusions and suggestions Study concluded that the main reasons for the problem of random housing weakness application of random housing laws , and that the geographical distribution of the slums has been influenced by the existence of services and transport routes, and that the most important characteristic of slums population is low economic level and the spread of unemployment among them, child labor, dropout, and affect the type of the land on the type of building materials slums, the study also concluded that the lack of services in most slums lead to inefficient services in residential neighborhoods planned near it because of pressure from the slums

جيومورفولوجية المراوح الفيضية بين النجف والسماوة == Geomorpholoy Of The Alluvial Fans Between - Najaf And - Samawa

اسم المؤلف: جميلة فاخر محمد
اسم المشرف: اسحق صالح العكام
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Alluvial fans are one of the most prominent features of water deposition in the avid and semi avid regions.It separates between the nature of the center flow within the drainage basin runoff which spread easily on the environment of sedimentation.The study of Alluvial fans by two trends; the first of which is geomorphology an independent unit, with characteristics that distinguish the fan floodplains from the rest of the units basin water drainage through the study of the mechanism of formation, growth, the factors affecting it, the characteristics and environmental features, geomorphological processes that take place over it. The other trend was the study of alluvial fans as part of the integrated flood that is influenced by processes that take place with full parts of the basin, where the reached inputs affect geomorphological processes that occur on the surface of the basin. Their effects are shown on all parts of the basin, including the alluvial fan. The study consists of six Alluvial fans with the drainage basins.It contains extends in most AL - Najaf plateau and parts of the provinces of Al - Diwaniya and AL - Muthanna. The extends between (29.49 - 32.9)North Latitudes and between (42.29 - 45.1)east Longitudes. The study area Occupyies (23155)km2 of the surface area of Iraq.It occupied alluvialfans(156.1)km2, of basins (22998.9)km2of the regions of the whole area.The study takes the north - east direction.The emergence of depositions alluvial fans at the end of the canyons, where these sediments formed (156.1 km 2), with a rate of (0.67%) from the area configurations. It is an index of the consecutive periods of deposition and erosion by changes in the time Blaistaseen, These formations have continued in the deposition until the time of the Holocene ,it was reached to the forms of alluvial fans by comparing the geometry where the same model figure fans have included fans (Alkur, Abu doab, Abu Shinan). The fans that have triangle shapes include two fans (hasap, Alheiazi), whereas Valley Faraj fan, has an abnormal shape.It was concluded that the shape or (semi - turbofan). It was concluded that applying Milton coefficient, and the coefficient of the deposition rate (R) fans the study area, that the fans have reached an advanced stage of the surface construction. It has begun to move from construction to demolition. A laboratory quantitative analysis of the sizes of the surface sediments, where it has (18) samples and (3) samples of each fan, through the analysis that the large - scale sediment was deposited at the scope of fans flood peaks. It appeared that the gravels are the types of sediments which are prevalent in the tops of the fans.The results of the analysis of deposits amid fans have shown the medium sand deposits feet fans over silt and clay analysis. Thus, it appears that the volumes of thesediments across its parts.A morphological analysis of surface deposits that exceed the size (2mm), was conducted where pebbles were analyzed. (324) pebbles are of high proportion of round gravel and a good rotation that rates to (26.67%, 28.15%) in samples amid fans. It has adopted a method called (Krombaan) in the extraction spherical surface sediments, where it became clear which spherical sediments are high in general. The study has reached a spherical proportion of deposit peaks fans flood was (0.68%) where the deposits amid fans spherical sediments reached (0.73%), and the forms of sediments depend on (Zing classification was reached through it to the sharp form (roofing) is the dominant form of grit fans tops.It shows that its average rate is (43.78%) of the percentage of forms of gravel in the fans tops, as a square shape is the dominant form in deposits amid fans flood, where the rate stood at an average (37.04%) of the percentage of forms gravel deposits in the center of the fans. It reached to the degree of risk of floods that occur on the surface of the fans, were divided into three levels, and these levels varied in the areas within the fans, reaching high - risk area of land (57.13 km2), and by(36.6%) of the total fan area , while the medium - risk land area (52.17 km 2) and by (33.42%), while the few dangerous land area has reached (46.8 km 2) and by (29.98%) The classification of land use and land cover in the fans flood relying on the US Geological System (U.S.G.S) by drawing classification maps for uses of Alluvial fans, and the field study of these fans, where the uses were identified land down to the third level of the surface of fans.

جيومورفولوجية حوض وادي الركاش == Geomorphology Of The Wadi Al - Rkash Basin

اسم المؤلف: بشرى خليل داخل حسن الشمري
اسم المشرف: هالة محمد عبد الرحمن
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تهدف الدراسة الى الكشف عن الخصائص الطبيعية في حوض وادي الركاش والعمليات الجيومورفولوجية السائدة فيه والتعرف على اهم الاشكال الارضية الناتجة عنها وعلاقة هذه الاشكال بوجود الموارد الاقتصادية في المنطقة وامكانية استثمارها.يعد وادي الركاش احد الاودية الموسمي | The study aims at revealing the natural characteristics of the basin of Alrakash Valley and the prevailing geomorphological processes in the basin, as well as identifying the resulting earthly forms with the existence of the economic resources in the area and the possibilities for investment. Alrakash is one of the seasonal Valleys whose water is expensed inside the Western Hills, when its high resources starts from the south Eastern parts of Al Anbar province, heading towards the north east until it meets Tefrawi and Wadi Al Salam Valleys to the right by the salty Valley of Jeffir. Then all forms one valley ends with the Al Razaza Lake in Karbala province. Through studying the geological structure, the valley proved to contain deposits the third and the fourth east, in addition to the existence of cracks and (69) liner structures the affects the stream of valley and its secondary branches. The topographic study revealed that the basin lies in the lower valley area and it was divided into five height categories that may affect the general decline of the area, represented towards north east, which is divided to five decline categories. The old climate left its traces on the formation of the geomorphological visages in the basin, as well as the role of the current climate. The study reveals the characteristics of the mixed gypsum desert soil by taking four samples with structures scope of about very rough to medium smooth with a little organic content, reflecting the density of the natural plant of the area. The number of wells is (21) with variable suitability for usage according to physiological and chemical characteristics. The vegetation coverage is featured for its shortage and variety. represented by being seasonal and perennials. The morphometric characteristics reveal an area of (455) km2, a length of (55.7) km, a width of (8.17), and a perimeter of (174.4) km. this is divided into five sub basin is of (230.6) km2 area, that forms a ratio of (50.7 %) of the total area basin, getting closer to the shape of a triangle. It was the shape coefficient (0.144), The ratio of its circulation is (0.187) and its elongation is (0.432). the basin passes through aging phase throughout its life cycle, when its Hypsometer variable is of (16.765 %), additionally the basin reveals that it is in the sixth stage with a Bifurcation ration of (33.4) and a curve factor of (1.170). The earthly forms resulted from the geomorphological processes varied and categorized according to their seven forms, represented by the structural - even ground forms, the erosion ground forms, the deposit ground forms, the carsick ground forms, the ground forms resulted from the motion of the material, the evaporating ground forms, in addition to the forms resulted from the work of the living creatures. The ground basin is also categorized according to Unsupervised Classification into three ground unites, represented by the water deposit unit, the water erosion flat ground unit and the poor ground unit, accordingly the relationship between the form of the surface, the natural resources is evaluated, in addition to the human activities in the area

الانتخابات البرلمانية في ايران بعد عام 1979م : دراسة تحليلية في الجغرافية السياسية == The Parliament Elections In Iran After 1979 An Analytic Study Political Geography

اسم المؤلف: هادي كعيم جلان
اسم المشرف: حميد ياسرعبد الحسين الياسري
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية السياسية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان الديمقراطية والانتخابات اصبحتا حقلا معرفيا سياسيا وممارسة عملية لها اليات ومراحل انجبت نظم حكم سياسية بخصوصيات تستند على خلفيات وارث تاريخي وثقافي واجتماعي اتخذت منه الجغرافية السياسية موضوعا دراسيا تطبيقيا كونه نشاطا وسلوكا بشريا يتاثر بالقرارات والاف | The democracy and the elections become a political gnostic right and a practical exertion which have tools and stages gave birth of political regimes with particulars braced on the backgrounds and the historical, cultural and social heritage that the Geopolitics considered it as an applicable study subject since it is an action and a human behavior can be affected by the decisions, actions and the strategic plans of the state, and the concluded results. One of these political activities is the study subject.The parliament electoral experiment of Iran is considered as a phenomenon for the political change which took place after the Islamic revolt in 1979 A.C., and the transforming of policy toward the democratic system was decided by the constitution of the state that people have voted on in 1980. The start of forming the enactment elections of the Islamic consultation council was the study core which represented as a political act, did not depend on one motivation alternative but it is an intersecting state stimulating in it many human and natural factors. Some of them are interior and the others are foreign that the volition of the elector are faced by to choose the legislative authority which represents his choice.So, Geopolitics has a basic role in the analytic study of this exertion paths within the political Islamic spatial environment with different effects. Time played in this process as a main factor in polishing the democratic form under the religious reference authority of the state of Faqih which adds its legality to the participated political parties in the elections and excludes the ones who intersects with the religious reference.Therefore, the political plans of the legislative elections are changed since the first circle till the ninth. Political parties were formed and some of them were absent and away from the political scene. However; most of these parties are religious, they have different ideologies.Each electoral circle has circumstances that form paths of the political work and behavior of the candidate and the voter which find variations among the electoral circles and among the provinces. As a result of all this, two political associations have given birth. They are the conservatives and the reformists. Each one of them has political supporters having parties and audiences that attract the political area in the Iranian state

التركيب التعليمي لسكان محافظة بغداد للمدة 1997 - 2013 == The Educational Structure To The Population In Baghdad Province

اسم المؤلف: اسيل ابراهيم طالب
اسم المشرف: صلاح محسن جاسم
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الى التعرف على التركيب التعليمي لسكان محافظة بغداد، ومعرفة مدى الارتباط الجغرافي بين السكان والعوامل الديموغرافية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية والثقافية، وتحديد تباين التركيب التعليمي من وحدة ادارية الى اخرى وتوزيعه بصورة علمية جغرافية تتضمن الربط | The present study aims at knowing the educational structure of Baghdad province , and the geographic correlation between the population and the demographic, economic, social and cultural factors. It also aims at determining the variance of educational structure from one educational unit to another for the period 1997 - 2013, and to know the change that was made on that structure through the educational unit which was provided. It also tackles the changes that were made on the level of education as a result of the economic sanctions which Iraq goes through as well as the change that took. A high rate begins the more the level is advanced to high levels it declines gradually for different stages. Also, the variation in the gender, environment and the age section. We depended on the data issued by the Ministry of Planning and Education. The study showed a positive development has occurred in the primary, secondary and university as well as postgraduate education services with an increase in the number of students and their growth for the period 1997 - 1998\2013 - 2014. There is also a variance in the admission of male students in comparison with female ones. The study also shows a decline in the educational level following gender, and especially female students in comparison with males the period 1997 - 1998\2013 - 2014 due to sociological factors and the traditions and the cultural costumes deep rooted in the governorate of Baghdad. Most families, especially in the suburbs of Baghdad, try to prevent the admission of females to education after 2003. There is also a variance in the rate of educated individuals between the urban and rural areas for the concentration of the educational centers in the urban centers. The study also shows that there are a group of variables effecting the spatial distribution of the education. The household income is specified as the most important variable affecting education and also the situation in which Iraq has gone through in the course of education as a result of the population increase. Through the application of the standard degree and the use of SPSS package. When using the factorial analysis method it appease that the sum of all these affecting factors which explained (%95) out of the total variation of the variables which were inserted in the program the most important of which is the monthly household income (Iraqi dinar) and the parent level of education , and the instability of the security situation. There is variation between the other variables.

اثر موقع واتجاه محور الاخدود وارتفاعه في شدة المنخفضات الجبهوية في العراق == Effect Site And Direction Trough Axis And Height In Severity Frontal Depressions In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: احمد ماجد عباس الجبوري
اسم المشرف: يوسف محمد علي حاتم الهذال
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Aim of the study in the search for effect of site and direction of axis of the trough and a height in intensity frontal depression in Iraq , in order to find out after more sites and trends axis trough of other , as it was relying on it on the analysis of weather maps daily compared to basis standard rain that was extracted by using equation of the standard deviation , and from which reached into three categories rain (above average and close of it and without it) , this was dependent the data rain daily period (1995 - 2008) for two observations (00) GMT and (1200) GMT , besides the analysis of weather maps that locked within three , the level (500) mille bar to locate the direction of axis of the trough , level of (1000) mille bar to select type of the frontal system , the level (850) mille bar it has been approved to determine the depth of the frontal system. Has been shown by the product of the study that Iraq is affected by three sites of troughs , the first site trough western and the location west of Iraq , the second site trough above the study area and this type of websites that cover the study area fully to almost the entire , as for the third is the site trough the east and the location of the east of Iraq , as to the direction of axis of the trough has appeared also three axes : the first axis of the trough north - south (vertical) , the second axis northeastern - southwestern(lying down on the right) , the third axis northwest - southeastern (lying down of the left). During the reached concluded that the site trough western (west Iraq) was the most locations influential in frontal depression accompanied by category rain over the average , interpreted so that Iraq is the bottom of the arm of the rising the trough prevails operations escalation antenna formed frontal depression surface , it also shows that the axis of the trough north - south (vertical) is the other also more hubs trough influential in frontal depression , because of the distance short broken of pole to tropical and gets amendment to the characteristics of the block airway or might be modified little , more over it became high trough its effect on the amount of rain falling , as the appeared trough analysis weather maps daily for high trough rise in the month of October November April and May , increasingly height in observation (1200) GMT with him in the (00) GMT , often accompanied by close of rain and without the rain , drop high during the winter of November , January and February , drop high observation (1200) GMT with him in the (00) GMT the result of the control of the block aerobic polar and deepen the trough often accompanied by category rain over the average. This is influenced by Iraq kinds many of frontal depression deep an shallow of Mediterranean low , Sudanese and integrated low , as it has been through search repeating this depression reached the presence of an increase in the frequency and Sudanese low the record ranked first frequently by analyzing the weather maps , accompanied by category rain above average and close of it and without it , according to the analysis rain data , comes the med - low to score a second place , and integrated rank the third and final. As demonstrated the study using methods statistical , according to what showed the result of the coefficient of person correlation between the site and direction of axis trough and the frontal depression and the relationship rain over the rate and close of it , indicated the presence of relationship link centrifugal strong the rain over the rate and site trough western , and weak to medium with sit trough above the study of area also the case from the rain close to rate , the relationship between the rain and direction of axis of the trough the back of a relationship link centrifugal intermediate between the rain over the rate and close of the amended with the axis of the trough north - south (vertical) and axis northeastern - southwestern (italic left ( , centrifugal weak with axis trough northwest - southeastern (italic right

تاثير المناخ في المقنن المائي لمحصول البطاطا في محافظات بغداد وبابل وواسط == Climate Impact In Water Rated For Potato Crop In The Governorate Of Baghdad , Babylon And Wassit

اسم المؤلف: ابراهيم عبد شندي الساعدي
اسم المشرف: سلام هاتف احمد الجبوري
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study tackles the effect of elements of the climate in the water rated for potato crop in the governorate of Baghdad , Babylon and Wassit as it represented the main question the study the problem revolves around Are elements of the climate impact in the watery rated for the potato crop in the governorate of Baghdad, Babylon and Wassit ? The hypothesis has been fired from that represented an answer that there are elements of the climate impact in the area of the study in the net water rated for the season potato crop growth ( spring and autumn ).The study demonstrated existence of potential climatic climate in the area of the study are compatible with the climatic requirements for the cultivation of the potato crop made it occupies the forefront in terms of cultivated area , production and average yield , The study demonstrated existence of the change indicate in the elements of climate extending from ( 1985 - 2014 ) can be counted a clear indication of the occurrence the beginning of climate change if this trend continues in the future, in turn will increase the rated water for the crop.The study proved that the quantity of the net water rated for potatoes crop by all irrigation method ( surface , sprinkler and drip ) variation spatially and temporally in all of the study area stations during the season potato crop growth ( spring and autumn ).the researcher followed the statistical analytic method Results of the study demonstrated that , proven through multiple linear regression model and multiple correlation having a very strong positive correlation between the net water rated in the study area tations and the most influential climatic elements relationship ( hours of actual sun shine, minimum temperature, degree normal temperature ,maximum temperature, wind speed at a level of 2 meters, evaporation from pan A) , also proved the existence of a very strong correlation is negative between the net water rated in the study area stations and the most influential climatic elements ( atmospheric pressure ,dust storms, rising dust , suspended dust , relative humidity, rainfall ) , The study demonstrated the value of determination coefficients ( R2 ) to the most influential climatic elements and the net water rated in the study area stations during the season potato crop growth ( spring and autumn ) by all irrigation method ( surface , sprinkler and drip ) between ( 91.4% - 98.5% ). also proved the results of statistical analysis moral multiple correlation by test (SE) (T) with a confidence degree of (95%), and test (F) reached confidence degree of ( 99%).The study also concludes the possibility of using the multiple regression model for the studied stations to predict water consumption of the crop of potato in the future.

التباين المكاني للشذوذ الحراري في مناخ العراق == Spatial Variability Of The Thermal Anomalies In The Climate Of Iraq

اسم المؤلف: صدام رزاق عبود
اسم المشرف: مالك ناصر عبود الكناني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يهدف البحث الى الكشف عن طبيعة التباينات الحرارية المكانية بين محطات الرصد الجوي الواقعة على دوائر عرض متشابه في العراق للمدة (1970 - 2015), اذ بطبيعة الحال لابد ان تتقارب كمية الاشعاع الشمسي الواصلة الى المحطات المناخية الواقعة على دائرة عر

صناعة طحن الحبوب في محافظة البصرة : دراسة في جغرافية الصناعة == Grain Grinding Industry In Basrah Province (A Study In The Geography Of Industry)

اسم المؤلف: محمد علي جبر المساعد
اسم المشرف: كفاية عبد الله عبد العباس العلي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Through the study of grain grinding industry in Basrah province, knowing its present status and passing by the stages of its development and shedding lights on the potentials that led to its endemicity in the province, the study reached at the following results : 1. The fifties of the previous century witnessed a transformation in grain grinding industry in Basrah where technical grain grinding mills were used instead of stone grinding ones. The first technical mill was erected in 1955 (Basrah Private Grinding Mill).2. The superiority of the private sector in the field of grain grinding where the public sector never enter the industry until 2012 when Alfarahiedi governmental grinding mill was erected. 3. The number of grain grinding mills increased during the period of study. They were nine mills in 2000 and increased to 16 mills in 2015 in a growth average about 21.14% in spite of the military and economic circumstances in the country. The number of the workers in this industry increased from 465 in 2000 to 714 in 2015. The amount of wages given to them increased from 223312 Iraqi Dinars in 2000 to 359828 Iraqi Dinars in 2015. The price of production increased from 2498617 Iraqi Dinars in 2000 to 19898402 Iraqi Dinars in 2015. The price of the production stuff increased also but in a lesser degree where its price was 2184610 Iraqi Dinars in 2000 to 9895436 Iraqi Dinars in 2015. This indicates a healthy state represented by achieving efficiency, for the concept of efficiency indicates the degree industrial development. 4. Grain grinding mills are connected to the state enterprise for grain industry by contracting with it to supply them with the raw material and grind it according to a monthly plan issued by the ministry of trade for a sum of money. This limits the possibility of increasing production. Great part of the production capacity is idled; where the study showed that the actual sum of the designed production capacity for grain grinding mills is about 3231 tons per day in 2015, while the actual amount of production was only 1975 tons per day. This indicates that a great amount of production is idled; it is about 1256 tons per day which makes 38.87 % of the designed capacity. 5. The province has a great population; it is about (2818802) according to the approximations of 2015, they make (7.63%) of the population of Iraq which is about (36933714). This population is distributed into 548921 families in the different administrative districts. The greater number of the population lies in ALBasrah District; it is about 1385403 which make 6. 49.15%. Azubair District comes in the second place; where the number of the population is about 496923 which make 17.63% of the total population of the province. 7. There is an obvious shortage in the grain production in the province. Rice crop for example never existed throughout the study period. Barely crop is very little. The study clarifies that there is a great shortage in the wheat crop to the extent that the production amount in the province does not suffice the people more than a month or two. The province production was about 44529 tons in 2015 whereas the need of the province was 398194 tons which make about 11.18% for the same year. This led to satisfy the need in either of two ways : transferring from other provinces, and importing from abroad. 8. Grain grinding mills occupy areas of land that make about 124150 m2. Alfarahiedi governmental grinding mill's share makes about 36.25% of the total area occupied by grinding mills. The area of buildings makes 33250 m2. Again Alfarahiedi governmental grinding mill makes about 15.04%, while AlBasrah grinding mill makes 11.58% of the total area of the buildings. 9. The field study showed that the spatial distribution of the mills was centered in AlBasrah District, where 14 technical grinding mills lie, this makes 87.5% of the total number of the technical grinding mills. It also included four small stone grinding mills in a percentage of 50% of the total number of such mills. Alqurna District came in the second place with two mills one of them is technical and the other is stone grinding one. This makes 6.25% of the total number of the technical mills in the province and 12.5% of the total number of stone mills. Abi Alkhaseeb District came in the third place with one technical mill that represents 6.25% of the total number of the technical mills in the province. Almedina District included two stone mills representing 25% of the total number of such mills in the province. Finally, Azubair District included one stone mill with 12.5 % of the total number of such mills in the province. Faw and Shatt - el - Arab districts do not have any kind of mills. 10. The study identifies a number of problems that face grain grinding industry in the province; most of them are connected with (raw material, production problems, spatial distribution, and water availability, caning and covering problems, power supplies, funding, work power, environmental pollution). 11. The study of the correlation coefficient of some of the independent variables with the indicators of the development in the number of grain grinding mills, the following results have been found : a) There a strong and positive relationship between most of the factors and the number of the industrial establishments ranges between (0.341+, 997+).b) There is an inverse relationship between the area variable and the number of the establishments (0.33 - ).c) The variable of the number of ration centers came first in terms of the strength of correlation with the number of grain grinding mills in the province.d) There is a positive relationship between (urban inhabitants, work power, share capital, transportation roads, raw material, water supplies, rural inhabitants) it was about (0,957+, 0,962+, 0,854+, 0,544+, 0,542+, 0,342+) respectively. 12. Studying the future directions for the development markers of grain grinding industry in the province for the period (2015 - 2030), the study found out the following : a) The number of grain grinding establishments will be 18 in 2020 and 20 in 2025 and 22 in 2030. The change percentage for the period (2015 - 2030) is 38%.b) The number of the workers in grain grinding establishments will be 783 in 2020 and 863 in 2025 and 943 in 2030. Thus, the change percentage for the period (2015 - 2030) is 32%.c) The amount of money paid for the workers will be 382272 Iraqi Dinars in 2020 and 419443 Iraqi Dinars in 2025 and 456613 in 2030. Thus, the change percentage for the period (2015 - 2030) is 32%.d) The price of production stuff will be 2065141 Iraqi Dinars in 2020, then it will decrease to 2041169 in 2025, then it will decrease again to 2017196 in 2030. Thus, the change percentage for the period (2015 - 2030) is minus 8 - %. e) The price of the production in grain grinding establishments will be 2619848 in 2020 and 2656323 in 2025 and 2692799 in 2030. Thus, the change percentage of the production prices for the period (2015 - 2030) is 3%.f) The additional value in grain grinding establishments will be 314003,5 Iraqi Dinars in 2020 and 314009,2 in 2025 and 314014,9 in 2030. Thus, the change percentage of the additional value for the period (2015 - 2030) is 0.02%.

جيومورفولوجية مروحة دويريج الفيضية باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية GIS والاستشعار عن بعد RS == Geomorphology Of Diwearege Alluvial Fan By Using Remote Sensing (RS) And Geographical Information Systems (GIS)

اسم المؤلف: علي طالب حمزة الطائي
اسم المشرف: محمد عبد الوهاب حسن الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The fans flooded one of spreading shapes that formed as a result of the availability of several factors, including tectonic, climate, topography, hydrology, and represents the fan one of these shapes formed in the southeastern part of Iraq, at the feet of the Iranian hills, and occupied space (1608.74) km2 and are all located inside the Iraqi border and within the province of Maysan, either her pelvis area reached (3582.87)km2 and the Association located within the Iranian border. A stronomicall Diwearege fan located between latitudes (31°40,56 - 32°10.41) north and the to the longitudes (47?18.15 - 47?51.39) east. The study aims to find out the main geomorphological and hydrological characteristics in the fan alluvial configurations, as well as to detect and track the inception stages of formation and evolution, through the study of their properties spreading, in addition to studying the water basin, which represents the main source of deposits. The use of geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing (RS) in the interpretation and analysis of visual and satellite digital elevation model (DEM). To get maps and geological structures of sin and maps of the surface, including the slope and direction and morphometric maps of water basins and land cover classification. And that helped to draw a geomorphological map of the fan. Through the relationship between the factors and processes geomorphological problem of the appearance of the ground and geomorphological units associated with them.The study found that the tectonic factor in the role originated fan where study area is located between two unstable tectonic. As well as the role of climate change in the growth and development of the fan, where grown and developed fan on the basis of four stages was during the era of Albulallostosen, as well as the worker hydrological and goal Basin propeller role in the growth and development of the fan through what moves them from the sediment through the rain periods, as well as the role of the worker hydrological in the evolution of the fan through the course of the river has changed and thus increase the fan area and change the geometry of her, as well as its role in increasing the thickness of the fan through the distribution of secondary points deposition on the surface of the fan, especially in parts of the lower ones.It turns out that the geomorphological processes active role on the roof of the fan and a private water erosion, as characterized by three types of erosion are Sheet and Rill and Gullies and this is due to the floods that have hit the fan.The study found that there are four varieties of shapes geomorphological on the surface of the fan, and that most of these forms the rule is problematic with watery origin precipitation, but the problem with the water origin erosion.It was found by classifying land cover fan Diwearege that there are six categories, namely, (barren land, covers are salinizaion, water cover, vegetation, bogs, agricultural land). An evaluation of the fan in accordance with the appropriate and reactivity ground it includes four varieties of appropriate as well as four levels of the earth's susceptibility which is almost identical with Aedha and that most of these categories are valid to agricultural investment and found during the study that the fan is exposed to various degrees of environmental risk, especially floods which are exposed in wet seasons.Especially the lower parts of the fan.Show that can be harvested sources on the surface of Ruha to control floods and to take advantage of this water in agriculture and various purposes. The study conclusions and recommendations and a list of sources and Savior in English concluded.

العلاقات المكانية بين سكان الريف واستعمالات الارض في زراعة محاصيل البستنة في محافظة البصرة == Spatial Relationships Between The Rural Population And The Use Of Land In The Cultivation Of The Farm Crops In Basrah Province

اسم المؤلف: حيدر ستار مشكل الحجاج
اسم المشرف: محمد رمضان محمد
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The problem of the study is represented by the inquiry " Is there any spatial variation in the use of land for farm crops cultivation like date - palm cultivation and vegetables? " and " whether there is any spatial variation to rural variables which are related with the rural populations in Basrah province " and whether they (The Independent variables) have an impact in the spatial variation of the use of land in the Cultivation of farm crops (The dependent variable) in Basrah province. The hypothesis confirmed that there is a spatial variation for the variables of the farm crops and rural variables and also we can find that there is a spatial relationship between rural variables which are related to the rural populations (The Independent variables) and farm crops (The dependent variable) in Basrah province. The study indicates to the breadth of area that is occupied by the use of land in the cultivation of the farm crops as ,the rate of its area reached (109982) acre as it represents (53080) of the total crop area which is about (204428) acre. It was also shown that there is a decrease in the area of the ground occupied by the date - palm cultivation in Basrah province. Where it reached in 1952 , (222700) Acres , while it Significantly decreased till it reached in 2015 , (54890) Acre , and the reason for that is due to the negligence in the cultivation of palm for both natural and anthropogenic reasons. It is demonstrated by this study that there is an acceleration rates of growth of population of the rural , as it reached in 1977 , (223184) , While in 2014 , it rose to (550 985) , this increase in the number of rural people is accompanied with an increase in the rural manpower , rural workforce , the agricultural workforce , rural households and the rural households that are awarded the agricultural lands , but "the agricultural manpower" in terms of the relative importance took decreasing till it reached in 1977 ,(130.34%) , While in 2014 , it reached (%6025) and the reason for that is due to the availability of other employment opportunities other than agriculture and get on a fixed income and content.

جيومورفولوجية الجزر النهرية في مجرى نهر الفرات بين مدينتي الناصرية والقرنة باستخدام GIS == The Geomorphology Of The River Islands In Euphrates River Between Al - Nasiriyah And Al - Qurna Cities Using GIS

اسم المؤلف: ايهاب عزيز درفش الزيادي
اسم المشرف: حسين جوبان عريبي المعارضي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية الطبيعية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت الدراسة ظاهرة الجزر النهرية في مجرى نهر الفرات بين مدينتي الناصرية والقرنة ضمن الحدود الادارية لمحافظتي (ذي قار والبصرة) في جنوب العراق, بطول (126.80) كم, دراسة جيومورفولوجية تطبيقية باستعمال نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (GIS), لفهم وتحديد العوامل الطبي | This study deals with the phenomenon of river islands in the course of the Euphrates River between the two cities of Nasiriyah and Qurna within the administrative borders of the provinces of Dhi Qar and Basrah south of Iraq, for about 126.80 Km. The study makes use of geomorphologic applications by using geographic information systems (GIS) to understand and identify natural and human factors that influence the formation and development of river islands and geomorphologic process, in addition to the morphologic and morphometric characteristics of the islands, as well as human activities and future investments in the region. The study depended on the use of GIS programs and special field study by taking soil and water samples and drawing cross - sections by using (Acoustic Doppler Current Profile).The study area tectonically lies within the unstable pavement which is affected by the undersurface tectonic movements. Geologically, the area is covered by quartet time deposits that are new disjoint sediments like the deposits of the floodplain which result from the previous stages activities of the Tigris and Euphrates. They include old sediments which date back to the Holocene and Pleistocene ages. Topographically, the surface of the region is characterized by gradual decline from the north - west to the southeast which set the general direction of the Euphrates River.It has been noticed that there are a number of natural and human factors that play a prominent role in the formation and development of the river islands. However, the impact, contribution and interaction of these factors vary in the formation of this phenomenon. Where the natural factors represented by the geologic structure, the decline, and the characteristics of ancient and current climate, as well as the human factors represented by building dams and reservoirs on the basin of the Euphrates River, in addition to the different uses of the water (agricultural, industrial, domestic) and building bridges and waste discharge into the river are all factors that contributed to the formation of river islands within the study area.There is a close relationship between the geomorphologic processes and hydrologic characteristics of the flow of the river as well as the aforementioned factors. The processes that contribute to the formation of the islands vary between being of geomorphologic erosion nature or of sediment nature. This has impacted the classification of the islands according to the affecting process. Erosion islands resultant from the geomorphologic erosion operations lie to the north of the study area. Whereas sediment islands resultant from the sediment operations appear in the middle and southern sections of the study area.The variation of river islands in the study area in their types (permanent, seasonal, joint) and in their morphometric characteristics (dimensions, shapes and areas) is due to the geomorphologic processes that formed them.Visual satellite maps and topographic maps and historic evidence for three periods (1972, 1990, and 2015) were used to interpret the geomorphologic changes within a spatial - temporal framework in the study area. Geomorphologic changes included identifying the location of the islands, their formation, development, transference and disappearance within the consecutive years of the study. The change of the islands and variation in their dimensions is resulted from the balance between the water system and the local geomorphologic environment.Twenty two islands appeared in the course of the Euphrates River between Nasiriyah and Qurna in 1972, and (35) islands in (1990) and (69) islands in (2015). It is noticed that most of the islands developed because of the change in the characteristics of geomorphologic processes from on period to another to reach its peak in 2015 to transfer into permanent islands in a percentage of 45% because of the activity of the sedimentation process. It has been found also that the first thing that the islands do as a natural reaction to their formation is dividing the river into subordinate courses in addition to the main course. Thus, the river appears divergent because of these branches; as a result it is described as braided river or divergent river.The degrees and percentages of the river divergence varied spatially and temporally according to the formation and centering of the islands. It has been found that there is an obvious and higher increase in the degree and percentage of divergence in the southern course of the (original Euphrates) than in the northern course. This is due to the fact that the southern course is longer than the northern one in addition to the increase in the centering of the islands in the southern course as a normal result of the increase of length.The study has shown that river operations, which resulted in the formation of geomorphologic shapes, have impacted the present human investments as well as the available potentials. Across its long history, the river contributed in the process of settlement. Its peregrination lead to the change of the locations of some villages and cities on its banks at that time. In addition to its impact on the variation of settlement types along its course. Where, the linear pattern prevails along the course of the Euphrates and its branches in the region.The emergence of river islands also contributed to the existence of a suitable environment for settlement especially in erosion islands in the northern parts of the course. River islands play an effective role on the other activities like agriculture, irrigation, herding and transportation, as well as its impact on tourism activities where they provide many attractive tourism potentials. Moreover, these islands are in the middle of the biggest marshes whether the central marshes or Alhammar marshes adjacent to the study area

الصناعات الصغيرة في قضاءي القرنة والمدينة == Small Industries In The Districts Of Qurna And Medina

اسم المؤلف: ايناس عبد الستار جبر
اسم المشرف: فارس مهدي محمد
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد الصناعة احدى القطاعات الاقتصادية المهمة، وتظهر اهمية الصناعات الصغيرة من خلال عملية تغيير النمط الاجتماعي والاقتصادي والحضاري لاي مجتمع، من خلال احداث تغيير في هيكلة الايدي العاملة وتركيب المهن، كما تعمل على تقليل التفاوت الاقتصادي بين الوحدات الادار | Industry is considered one of the important economic sectors. The importance of small industries clearly appears through the process of changing the social, economic, and civilized aspects of any society through changing the structure of the workforce and professions. They also work on decreasing the economic variation between the administrative units by improving people's living level. In five chapters, the present study sheds lights on small industries in the districts of Qurna and Medina. Chapter one speaks about; the concept of small industries, their characteristics, classification, importance, and their historical development in these two districts which dates back to the beginnings of the dependence of Iraq in 1921. Chapter two deals with the factors of Industrial settlement and the impact of each of which on the emergence and development of these industries in the two districts. Chapter three tackles the industrial processes of small industries and crafts in the two districts. Chapter four displays the geographical distribution of the small industries in the districts of Qurna and Medina; it falls into two sections, section one includes the geographical distribution of the small industries in the districts according to their administrative units. It appears that there is a spatial variation between the administrative units. In Qurna, there are (418) factories that employ (1176) workers, whereas in Medina, there are (951) factories that employ (2359). Iz - aldeen Saleem region comes in the first place with (43%), the center of Qurna district comes in the second place with (17%), in the third place comes the center of Medina district with (15.8%), Imam Sadiq region maintains place number four with (10.6%), Aldair region occupies place number five with (7.9%), Althagher region comes in the sixth place with (5.7%). Section two points out that there is a variation in the distribution of the type of industry in these two districts. Food industries in Qurna included (150) factories which employ (433) workers, whereas in Medina there are (112) factories which employ (330) workers. As for small construction industries, there are (171) factories in Qurna that employ (606) workers, while there are (608) factories in Medina that employ (1625) workers. In reference to cloth making industry, there are (43) factories in Qurna with (52) workers, while there are (65) factories in Medina with (74) workers. As for engineering industries, there are (11) factories that employ (23) workers, while there are (14) factories in Medina that employ (25) workers. In water transportation industry there are (2) factories in Qurna with (3) workers, whereas in Medina there are (10) factories with (10) workers. Typing and flex advertising industry in Qurna included (4) factories with (4) workers. Craft industries in Qurna involved (155) factories with (190) workers, while in Medina there are (91) factories with (115) workers. Aldair region comes in the first place with (28%), Althagher comes second with (21.6%), Imam Sadiq region comes third with (17.8%), in the fourth place comes the center of Qurna district with (13.4%), Iz - aldeen Saleem region comes fifth with (10.6%), in the sixth and last place comes the center of Medina district with (8.6%). Chapter five studies the industrial structure and compares small industries in the two districts. The number of factories in the two districts is (1369) which employ (3535) workers. There isn’t that much variation in small variation where the structure of industry depended on construction industries, metal industries, furniture and wood industries and others. Chapter six tackles the most important problems that face small industries in the two districts like raw material and variation of its prices, whose origin is mostly from aboard, add to this the problem of marketing because of the competition with foreign products. In addition to unqualified workforce that lack technical ability. Environmental pollution is another issue, though small industries cause less pollution in comparison with big industries, some industries like ice industry in the area of study may cause poisonous suffocation because of Ammonia gas especially when the wind direction is to the east. Weak infrastructure is another problem that hinders the process of transporting the products.

المشاريع الاسكانية - انماطها ودورها في حل ازمة السكن في محافظة البصرة لعام 2015 == Housing Projects : Patterns And Role In Resolving The Housing Crisis In The Province Of Basrah

اسم المؤلف: ايات عبد الوهاب خريبش العلي
اسم المشرف: رعد ياسين محمد الحسن
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد السكن من الحاجات الاساسية المهمة لبناء المجتمع والدولة، ويرتبط ارتباطا وثيقا بالتحضر والتمدن، وبعملية تطور المجتمعات باشكالها الاقتصادية والاجتماعية على مر العصور، لذا فان توفر المسكن هو من اولويات حقوق الانسان والحاجة اليه ضرورية بصورة مستمرة ودا | Housing is one of the basic needs necessary for building society and country. It is closely associated with urbanization and with the process of development in its economic and social forms, along all ages. The availability of a house is a priority of human rights, and the need for it is permanently necessary. Despite the fact that the right to own a house is legislated in the Iraqi constitution, this right hasn't been given serious and enough attention. That's why most Iraqi provinces suffer from a severe housing crisis which hasn't emerged from the current situation only, but it is accumulation of previous years of negligence from the government and its official committees from the one hand and the increase in the population growth as well as the return of the displaced from and out of the other provinces from the other hand. All this led to the emergence of a severe shortage in the number of housing units, where their number becomes far much less than the number of the families. As the time passes the shortage of the housing units increases and the demand for them increases as well. This resulted in very severe decrease in the number of the housing units. Moreover, it caused a sharp deficiency to provide proper housing.The aim of the study was to give a complete picture about the different types of housing projects, governmental or investment projects, in Basrah province. The study referred also to the different housing patterns, their locations and geographic distribution. It emphasized the degree of contribution of these projects in resolving the housing crisis in Basrah. In its third chapters, the study tackled most of the literary and scientific aspects of this topic. In the first chapter, it dealt with the general concepts of house and housing and housing policy. In the second chapter, it dealt with the different housing patterns, their locations and geographic distribution in Basrah. In the third and last chapter, the study gave future insights of the prospective housing projects in the province. The study ended with some suggestions that would contribute to resolving the housing crisis and developing the projects in the province

مصائد الاسماك ومزارع تربيتها في محافظة البصرة == Fisheries And Farms Reared In Basra Province

اسم المؤلف: علي خضير عباس
اسم المشرف: بشرى رمضان ياسين الطه
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Fish wealth has received a great interest by all countries of the world because of its nutritional value and economic importance, the study area is one of the important areas in Iraq in the agricultural production in both its plant and animal production. Fish wealth is of a great importance due to the availability of water bodies in the province represented by the lower part from the stream of the two rivers (Tigris and Euphrates), and Shatt al - Arab. As well as the waters of the marshes. Basra province represents a sea port of Iraq on the Arabian Gulf's head, and provides the other provinces by various types of sea fish , and that these ingredients can be developed and supported to reach self - sufficiency in achieving food security and reducing imports from abroad.The aim of this study is to reveal the reality of the Wealth Fish in Basra province and analysis of the natural and human Constituents to its relationship by this side and diagnosis of problems encountered the process of production. The study gets about its statements from looking at the fish breeding farms in the dusty lakes and the cages and learn about the natural and human factors affecting it.In the different administrative units in Basra province and conducting personal interviews with a number of fishermen in territorial waters and fresh water, and the owners of fish breeding farms as well as the form the questionnaire which included the sea fishing in the territorial waters and breeding farms fish and a laboratory analysis of water samples in (36) model from the waters of Shatt al Arabs and that of three sites of the Shatt al - Arab which are al Deer district and the two districts of al Hartha and al Faw ,and by (12) models for each site for the years (2015 - 2016 ) two bottle glasses are used in the process of models collection. the price of the one is (1) liter, and it is especially in the collection of water samples for the purpose of the laboratory analysis, and the samples were taken from depth of 2 liters of the river. The Study shows the low capita share of Annual Iraqi individual from the fish meat produced locally, which amounted to 1.79 kg / year in 2002,as it became clear that there is a contrast variation in the amounts of fishing from year to year, and this is due to many factors, including the biological state of the fishes or It may return to primitive ways of fishing or the impact of fish stock by the high fishing effort or the allowed Fishing. And the site of Basra province is considered as a featured site because it is the only province in Iraq, which has access to the sea which provides other province by various kinds of fishes and in spite of the scarcity of water resources by upstream countries (Turkey and Iran) that affected the quality of water in the Basra province ,but it can invest these waters in the development of wealth fish , knowing that species produced in these waters with wanted species by the Iraqi people,and resources represent surface as the Tigris and the Euphrates and the Shatt al - Arab river and the insulation river and tables branching them In addition to the marshes like : Al - Qurna Marsh, Al - Swaib Marsh and Al - Hammar Marsh In addition to marine waters That the total length of its coastline64 km. The surface in Basra province and especially (the Sahel sedimentary) is an appropriate to expand fish breeding farms and especially the Low - lying areas and river basin areas and Marshes and Marshy. The elements of the climate have a great impact on the Fishes and the Solar radiation and temperatures in the Basra province are characterized by a long growth season as well as the appropriateness of these two elements for Fish breeding , except in cases of thermal extremism, especially in the hot season. As for Marine fisheries, through the field study , it is clear that the low in the temperatures has an impact on the presence of fish and their going into the deep regions ( the benthic areas ) and become less in the coastal areas as well as the high temperatures on the fishermen, especially with high relative humidity, causing the self troubles to them with the lack of fishing methods to the coolers devices or heating devices in winter, Thereby preventing the hunter to reach out to the hunting. The Rainfall in Basra province does not have that importance in the fish seasons rather than its volatility and its importance lies on reducing the extremism of the temperatures and reducing the evaporation of water from the docks. Wind has its positive and negative impact on fishes. Winds has an effect on the presence and the plenty of the fishes in the fishery according to the direction of the wind as we mentioned earlier in this subject (the subject of the wind). It is shown that the soil of the province, especially the soil of (Sahael sedimentary) is appropriate to establish farms in this activity in the future. It becomes clear that many of the fish farms breeding that were established was considered as encroachment ( it does not have the projects' permission for fish breeding from the Ministry of Water Resources or the failure to obtain approval from the Ministry of oil) and these farms are from the productive farms and the water quality in the area is appropriate for the cultivation of the fish in the freshwater. It is shown that the fish farming in Basra province confined to the breeding in the fresh water only. And that this activity is suffering heavy losses annually due to the sudden changes in the extents salty during the months of the year. In spite of the existence of the laws that direct fishing operations, but often these Laws are breached and doing fishing in these preventing times. Which are the seasons of migration and reproduction which leads to disallow for the fish to proliferate in a proper way, in addition to that, the using of forbidden means in fishing operations, such as toxins and electrocution and explosives, leading to the extermination of all fish including (Chicks of Fish). Field study discovers that irregular nets are used by the fishermen that the catch all the fish, including small fish without leaving them to grow. as well as the failure to provide a new fishing vessels which are able to save the fish for long periods because it does not contain the refrigerated stores. The role of the current agricultural policy is weak in the development of animal production generally and the fish production in particular because of the lack of the provided assistance ,such as loans and production requirements. As well as a lack of cooperative societies which is specialized in the wealth fish in the province of Basra except one association that specializes in this area namely ( Alnaser Association in al Faw district). And the absence of the role of veterinary institutions in Basra province, and the field study is shown that these institutions do not contribute in the treatment and provide medicines for fishes, forcing the owners of the farms to get treatments from the local markets in a high prices. generally in Basra province the wealth fish faces a lot of natural problems and human life that negatively affect the development of this important activity

العلاقات العراقية - الخليجية والاثار المترتبة عليها : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية == Iraqi Gulf Relations And Implications The Study Of The Geo - Political

اسم المؤلف: زهراء عباس هندي الاسدي
اسم المشرف: ظاهر عبد الزهرة خضير الربيعي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تكتنفها العديد من الحساسية والتشعب نتيجة لطبيعتها المزدوجة التي تجمع بين عناصر التعاون وعناصر الصراع، فقبل غزو العراق للكويت عام 1990 امتازت العلاقات بين الطرفين بالانسجام والتناغم في المصالح المشتركة، الا انها اصيبت بالجهود والانقطاع بسبب الغزو، على | Characterized the study area countries since the different eras that passed by an old "and more recently", the result of several factors geographical and geopolitical and economic, is the center of an "important" global polarization and a place "for international competition, after obtaining the (Iraq and the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC)) on their independence and to get rid from the hands of the British occupation, it rushed the study area countries to develop their resources and take advantage of its location and enjoy the talent that donated them to nature.Began competition and conflict over the sovereignty and the imposition of leadership in the region and have fought many wars have been targeting the region and to provide financial support and military by the regional powers and international, so it is imposing an economic blockade for 13 years is over, "and then the occupation of Iraq, and the consequent number of variables and physical challenges and political fronts, economic, and security.After the occupation of Iraq by the coalition forces on the ninth of April 2003, the Iraqi GCC relations have witnessed a shift "clear", as it was followed by a fall by the existing political system on the goals and new principles, represented based on good neighborliness and non - interference in the internal affairs policies, and work to build effective and active foreign relations contribute to the realization and promotion of security and stability, and the emphasis on the promotion of economic development, and to stay away from the roads that lead to political blocs. This is stipulated in the Iraqi constitution of 2005 in its article on the eighth of Iraq's foreign relations, believing "in getting rid of the deadlock and sleep unjustified in Iraq's relations with the Gulf Cooperation Council and other countries on the Arab level and the regional and international levels.Iraq - Gulf relations went through several transformations, starting with "the fallout from international conflict and reflected a shadow on the countries of the study area, which represented the United States alone global pole appeared presence during the fall of the socialist camp and the end of the Cold War.So it ruled on the Iraqi - Gulf relations several political and geopolitical variables grown and fed the important factors and differences in the forefront of the ideological and political goals, and this is to be taken up by the researcher.

التحليل الكمي لكفاءة الطـرق بين المراكـز الحضريـة في محافظـة البصـرة == Quantitative Analysis Of Roads Efficiency Between Urban Centers In Basrah Province

اسم المؤلف: حيــدر عبد الرحمن جــري الحــويــدر
اسم المشرف: عباس عبد الحسن كاظم العيداني
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعـد شبكة الطرق البرية احد عناصر نظام النقل المهمة , التي لا تتم عملية النقل بدونها , وتمثل شبكة الطرق البرية على اختلاف اصنافها احدى اهم البنى اللازمة لتصعيد وتائر التنمية الاقتصادية والاجتماعية في اي اقليم.تهدف الدراسة الى توضيح دور العوامل الطبيعية وا | Land road network is considered one of the most important elements of transportation , It represents one of the elements that contributes to acceleration and social and economic value of any region. The study aims to investigate the natural factors and human factors that affect the extension of this network in Basrah province in addition to the real situation of transportation in it. The movement of vehicles was observed in the different location. some statistical criteria were used to evaluate its efficiency like Arc Gis 9.3, Excel and SPSS , in map simulation and statistical analysis.The study consist of three chapters. Chapter one deals with the factors and variables and affect the extension of the transportation network. Chapter two deals with real situation of transportation in Basrah province.When was chapter three evaluates the efficiency of the network by using some statistical tests. The study shows the nature of the human and natural elements effect on the extension and operation of the network. there is an increase movement of vehicles on the roads between urban centers which doesn’t match the capacity of these roads, especially during the peak hours and holidays. The study also showed the Inefficient road network linking the urban centers according to the indicators used in the study

التلوث البصري في مدينة كربلاء المقدسة : دراسة جغرافية == Visual Pollution In The Holy City Of Karbala : A Geographical Study

اسم المؤلف: ايلاف علي مرزوك الموسوي
اسم المشرف: شكري ابراهيم الحسن
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية البيئية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The present study attempts to survey the attitudes of the people in Karbala city and their viewpoints concerning visual pollution. The study also aims at investigating the aspects of visual pollution in the city and to measure how people look at this problem, its size and danger. The study provides information that can be useful in the assessment of the problem. The procedure is to distribute 1300 questionnaires to a random sample of the population in the study are during 2016. Another 100 questionnaires have been distributed to a specialized group from the college of engineering in order to compare the different attitudes. Another 200 questionnaires were distributed to the tourists. The results indicate the majority of the informants were reluctant about this problem; they think it causes disturbance and find that the picture of the city became distorted and not pretty and this may affect their health, beside the deterioration of the urban environment..Hough the inhabitants criticize the government's negligence of the city and the rapetisement of the municipality work; they also decide that the ignorance and indifference on the part of the people and the lack of environment awareness are among the prominent reasons of the problem. Enforcing the laws and regulations and activating the imposition of fines on those who cause visual pollution might be the best way to face this problem.

الملاءمة المكانية لمرائب النقل في مدينة البصرة : دراسة في جغرافية النقل الحضري == The Place Suitability Of Transportation Parks In Basra City (A Study In Urban Transport)

اسم المؤلف: وحيـدة داود محمــود الدايني
اسم المشرف: عبد الرحمن جري مردان الحويدر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تتجلى اهمية الملاءمة المكانية في كونها تقدم الدعم اللازم في اختيار المواقع المكانية الملائمة للاستعمالات بشكل عام والحضرية منها على وجه الخصوص، اذ تعد مدينة البصرة ذات بعد تجاري واقتصادي مهم، كونها تضم اعلى تركز لمؤسسات العمل المختلفة صناعية، تجارية، خدم | The place suitability is so important for selecting the suitable places for all uses and for urban uses in particular. This suitability ensures a maximum degree of functional interaction and controls their overall constructional form. Therefore, the study aims at redistributing parks in the city that ensures the required capacity of smooth movement of cars and facilitate the transportation of people with ease and less effort. Basra city, which has economic and commercial importance, and which includes different commercial, industrial and service establishments of public and private sectors creates a high percentage of daily movement of cars, and witnesses a density of population during the traffic jam times in the mornings and the evenings and during festivals. So, there is a need to plan and design the parks in order to achieve their aims successfully. The study consists of three chapters in addition to results and suggestions. The first chapter is about the distribution of Basra parks and the problem of sites. The second chapter discusses the variables that identify the distribution of parks in Basra city, while the third chapter tackles the functional competence of the parks of the city. The study attains a few conclusions; the most significant one is that there are 10 parks in Basra, four of them are off duty for one reason or another, while six of them are working, half of them in the center of the city in Al - Ashar because of its economical, administrational and service significance. The other three parks are in (Al - Kafa’at, Al - Hadi and Alsumud) quarters. The study has also shown that the daily traffic jams that result from the small width of streets and small size of parks and the unavailability of good service in these parks are the main problems that obstruct transportation in the city and its region. By applying the place suitability logarithm, the study has come to show that the present parks of the city are not suitable to most of the people of the city, and the study referred to the necessity of using the methods of Geographic Information Systems GIS in applying this logarithm in order to identify the suitability of the present parks and select the most suitable places for future parks, and this is the aim of the study

اثر النمو الحضري على التخطيط العمراني في مدينة سوق الشيوخ : دراسة في جغرافية المدن == The Impact Of Urban Growth On The Constructional Planning In The City Of 'Suq Al - Shyoukh' A Study In The Urban Geography

اسم المؤلف: حاكم ناصر حسين الشميساوي
اسم المشرف: صلاح هاشم زغير الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: City of Suq al - Shuyukh is the center of Suq al - Shuyukh district ,an administrative unit ,within Dhi Qar Governorate , lies in the southern part of the province with distance of (621.2) hectares and its population amounts of (130,517) inhabitants for 2015 which represents reality of the city consists of (24) residential quarters.The study aims to highlight on the analysis of the phenomenon of urban growth, its trends and problems in the city of Suq al - Shuyukh as well as study the demographics of the city in terms of growth and distribution and composition and population density and urban growth prediction (spatial and population) for the next 10 years until 2025 ,and examine the reality of urban land use to identify the most important problems that stand against this study to put appropriate solutions in order to project future trends.The study includes four chapters divided into topics, within study Chapter I , represents with some demographics indicate that the city of Suq al - Shuyukh has seen significant population growth had reached (1977 - 1987 - 1997 - 2007 - 2015 ).This substantial growth of the population is a reason for increasing the demand for urban land uses ,that moved the expansion of the area of the city along the morphological stagesChapter II ,the first topic through the study of historical stages of city of Suq al - Shuyukh foundation show that the city has gone through four morphological stages ,and in each of these stages formed certain function for the city dominates on the invested spatial space of it gave shape to the city during this phase.Chapter II , second topic, dealt with the spatial distribution reality of urban land uses in the city and shows that the city contains multiple functional uses, represent by residential use which occupied an area of followed by public services ,then transport services area , industrialuse , commercial use , community service , sports use , green and open land use of and religious use was an area ofChapter III , dealing with the study of problems of urban growth in the city of Suq al - Shuyukh , the first topic of the chapter included the study of override problems on basic design of the city ,where rapid urban growth caused multiple problems and significant was the problem of urban housingSo the residential need analysis for the city of Suq al - Shuyukh and its assessment across the increasing population growth, which amounted 3%, which is one of the important topics in housing policies target to solve the housing problem.The second topic is devoted to the study of problems of interference in land use represented by planning and environmentalChapter IV ,dealt with current and future urban growth trends in the city and the first topic is devoted to the future prediction for the city of Suq al - Shuyukh population until 2025 as a total population amounted of (169672) inhabitants as the population growth rate is 3%.While the second topic dealt with urbanization trends for the city of Suq al - Shuyukh to search for future need of urban land use.The study showed that the city of Suq al - Shuyukh needs space of land estimated with(176.2) hectares and this area is out its basic design border as well as identify trends of future urbanization of the city.The study showed that the best directions for future city expansion to the northwest ,south and South - western direction in the absence of artificial and natural features.And then the most important outcomes came of the researcher and design to achieve the objectives of study in the future.

التحليل المكاني لتغير استعمالات الارض السلنية في مدينة البصرة باستخدام الاستشعار عن بعد RS ونظم المعلومات الجغرافية GIS == Spatial Analysis Of The Change In Residential Land Use In The City Of Basrah By Using Remote Sensing And Geographic Information Systems

اسم المؤلف: مرتضى مظفر سهر الكعبي
اسم المشرف: عباس عبد الحسن كاظم العيداني | طارق جمعة علي المولى
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This present study is based on remote sensing RS and geographic information systems GIS as a basis applied to draw Cadastral changes to the residential land use in order to detect the temporal and spatial variations that contributed to the change in the residential land use in the city of Basrah for (1977 - 2016) nearly four decades , they have resulted in changes in the category of use which refers to the Cadastral Acquisitions For residential use on the Cadastral of the rest of the other urban uses (commercial, industrial, service).This is called positive change, while if the urban uses cut off which is referred as a part of the area of the residential using which annexed , this change is called in the category of use negative , as well as the study of the spatial variation to change the pattern of the residential land use which specialized in building a second floor and a tenement was added to the residential units and these differences included all the city's neighborhoods according to the field study which was based on the distribution of the questionnaire Form.The study goes from a basic premise which says that the whole fundamental changes that hit the residential land use in the sort or the residential use pattern was a result of increasing population growth , Immigration and the Cases of displaced as well as the absence of law and the rise of the economic level of the residents from this point of study, it aims to conduct a remote sensing RS and geographic information systems GIS ,depending on several satellite visuals which are different in dates for the production of high - definition maps representing the total Cadastral changes for residential use in the city of Basrah during the four decades of her life.In order to achieve the goal the study were divided into an introduction and four chapters, as the first chapter dealt with digital processing and interpretation of visual and space analysis of the factors influencing the change of residential land use in the city of Basra, while the second chapter touched on the spatial distribution of land use in the city and changes cadastral study, according to availability the visuals of the satellite to four points, which included maps of selected years (1977.1989, 2002.2016) as well as a field study of the researcher. The third chapter pointed to changes in the category of residential uses and patterns in the city, according to (5) vertebrae represented (the stages of growth of the city of Basra and that historically tracked and spatial analysis of the development of residential land use, analysis of residential patterns in the city, changes in the use of residential land in terms of style or class whether in the negative, the study of the most important implications of changes in a class or style residential use. go on fourth chapter in the study of the planning practices of the city's future and the changes of uses of residential land for the period 1942 - 2014 which was addressedto all the basic designs that addressed the city of Basra seemed pre - prepare her basic designs and finishes basic design (development of the city of Basra strategy and updating its basic design) in 2014, So the study reached to a number of important conclusions like : 1. The increasing population growth in the city and the contrast differences in economic levels of the families and the security situation and the availability of labor is a way compressor to changes in the residential uses, either positively or negatively.2. The ( populated, political, social, economic, and transport variables play a pivotal role in the Cadastral variables for residential use.3. The absence of activation of Laws and the deterioration of Oversight reality, especially after the regime change in 2003 was an important catalyst in the encroachment on farmland and empty spaces within the city which belongs to government agencies so the secretion status of random housing is done ,so we find that the freedom of the disposition of the residential units (irregular or random) and in the absence of law this reflected on the residential changes whether this change in the sort or in the pattern positively or negatively.4.The country policy which represents Stakeholders for four decade has its deep impact in finding changes cadastral For the residential use which is marked by the distribution of residential blocks on different segments according circumstances experienced by the country including the study area.

المناخ وعلاقته بالافات التي تصيب المحاصيل الزراعية في محافظة البصرة == Climate And Its Relationship With The Agricultural Pests That Infect Agricultural Crops In Basrah Province

اسم المؤلف: اية عبد الرضا حامد المازني
اسم المشرف: عبد الامام نصار ديري ناصر المظفر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد الافات الزراعية من المشاكل الخطيرة التي تواجه الانتاج الزراعي وللمناخ دور كبير في ظهورها وانتشارها خاصة عندما يشذ عن معدلاته او تفوق او تقل عن متطلبات المحصول. تهدف الدراسة الى تسليط الضوء على العلاقة بين الخصائص المناخية لمحافظة البصرة والافات الزرا | Agricultural pests are regarded serious problems that face agricultural production. Climate has a great role in their appearance especially when its rates go up or down the needs of the crop. The present study aims at shedding light on the relationship between climatic characteristics of Basrah province and the agricultural pests that infect the crops of (palms, wheat, tomato, eggplant, cucumber, watermelon, melon, okra and onion). These agricultural crops have a great economic and trophic importance. Therefore, production rates should be raised and its quality should be improved by observing agricultural pests whether they are diseases or insects that affect the quantity and quality of production. Especially if we know that new insects have entered Iraq like Tuta Absoluta and the Red Palm Weevil which started to affect many agricultural crops. Add t this the endemic diseases like Leaf Blights, Fusarium Wilt, and Powdery Mildew which greatly affect the production despite of the suitability of the climatic conditions and other natural conditions. The collection of the data of the study was done through field work. Four sites were chosen (Karmat Ali, Abo - Alkhaseeb, Aldair, and Az - Zubair) to observe the agricultural pests that infect the crops involved in the study starting from the beginning of the agricultural season 2015 - 2016 and to determine the rate of prevalence for each crop according to the location of prevalence. The study is composed of three chapters in addition to the introduction and conclusions. The first chapter is devoted to the analysis of the climatic characteristics of Basrah province, especially those factors that are related to the agricultural process like solar beams, temperature, relative humidity, winds and dust. Chapter two involved the climatic requirements of the crops under study. Chapter three is concerned with the field observance of the diseases that infected the crops and also the insects and natural plants (grass). The study concluded that the majority of the known diseases appear in different rates on the crops. There appeared also some affections caused by insects especially Tuta Absoluta and Red Palm Weevil. The study also concluded that the prevalence of the diseases and insects didn’t reach to the extent that classify them to be epidemic, their prevalence percentages were somehow reasonable within the season 2015 - 2016.

تلوث الترب في قضاء الرميثة وتاثيرها على الانتاج الزراعي : دراسة في جغرافية التربة == The Pollution Of Soils In Rumaitha City And Its Effect On The Agricultural Production : A Study In Soil Geography

اسم المؤلف: افراح هاشم فرحان كاطع المرشدي
اسم المشرف: نجم عبد الله رحيم
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The present study aims at assessing the pollution type in the soil of the banks and Basins in Rumaitha city and its effect on the agricultural production. It is divided into three chapters : chapter One is devoted to investigate the natural Factors which are represented by (the location of the sample area, its geological and surface structure, climate properties, water resources, and natural plants) and humanistic Factors which are represented by (tilling and adjustment, irrigation, drainage and fertilization of the soil and the agricultural system). Chapter Two is concerned with the physical and chemical properties of the soil of the sample area while chapter Three investigated the Geographical distribution of soil pollution in the city of Rumaitha in which it discusses the definitions of pollution, its causes and effects on the agricultural areas. Some samples of soil and water were gathered during the period of the study (2015 - 2016). The study has concluded the following : Chapter OneThe results of the analysis of the banks and basins soils structures has shown contrastive mixtures of mud, mud - silt, and mud - silt - mud. Also the Virtual and real density of the soil is variant in the banks and basins. Moreover, the value of the organic material and soil reaction, and the average of the positive and negative ions, are variant too. Chapter Two The study shows that the geographical and humanistic factors have huge effects on some of the physical and chemical properties of the soil of Al - Rumaitha city and its relation to the agricultural production. Throughout the geological structure, surface equability, climate properties, paucity and scatter of natural plants, the quality of irrigation water, and water and salinity grade, several aspects of soil construction were identified which are reflected on the real structure and density of the soil. Moreover, it contains organic materials, salinity, and Positive and negative ions which are intensive in the soil of the basins rather than the banks of the river. The human has a big negative influence on these properties because of his wrong agricultural methods which are represented by tilling the soil, excessive irrigation especially in the unsuitable periods of irrigation, following the traditional methods in irrigation, the Scarcity of broaches, the wrong use of Chemical and organic fertilizers pesticides. All of these factors helped in the process of soil pollution and the intensity of salinity and heavy materials.Chapter ThreeThis chapter is concerned with salinity and osmotic pressure and mutual sodium and positive ions such as calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium, and negative ions like chlorine, sulfates, and bicarbonates as well as their importance to the plants. The role of the heavy factors to the developing plants appears during the germination, branching, flowering, and maturity stages and on the agricultural production as a whole. Although there are some factors of pollution, the soils of Al - Majid and AL - Najmi townships were the best in producing the various agricultural crops. While there is a decrease in production of Al - Hilal township especially on the banks of the river because they receive a lot of water pollution. It was also concluded that the soils of the banks are higher and better in their productive capability than the drains which are highly effected by the salinity and the intensity of heavy materials in addition to the bad management of the soil. The results of the analysis have shown that the city is copious with the various types of agricultural corps like grain, and vegetables. Sesame plant is the prominent in planting and production because of the suitable soil, and its capability to endure salinity which is scattered in farmlands.

تقييم كفاءة مواقف السيارات في مدينة كربلاء ومتطلباتها المكانية == Efficiency Assessment Of Car Parks In Kerbala City And Its Spatial Requirements

اسم المؤلف: مروة فاضل عبيد الموسوي
اسم المشرف: رياض كاظم سلمان الجميلي
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: جغرافية المدن
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: كربلاء
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The current study with its aims and adopted method concentrated on studying a significant part of civil transportation system and the most important civil services in the city focusing on the most available services in the city in general that serve the city population. Its target is the spatial distributional study for these city services. that is by knowing the extent of suitability of this distribution to population requirements and responding to their future needs. Through the results achieved by the study by using number of designed and space measurements depending highly on the field study and field survey process that compromised car parks in the Holy Kerbala for the year (2016) relying on number of reliable plan standards when estimating the need of each use of these city services. This is in addition to studying these parks in Kerbala city by its relation with other old city sectors and services available in the car parks. This is in addition to knowing city needs for these services. Number of these parks reached to( 73) among other parks available in Kerbala city as well as limiting proportion of each service inside the parks through the results that the researcher reached at. It was found that the city suffers from missing these services beside knowing the spatial directions that are taken by these parks. It was noticed through the study that most car parks gathered in the old city center and most city uses that affect distributing these parks in the religious use. This justifies the cause behind gathering parks close to the city center particularly in Maithem Attemar street. Thus, the religious factor plays a basic role in distributing those services of the city. So, the car parks of the old city formed proportion reached to (49) car parks of the total number. Proportion of these parks lessen in Al Haideryah and Al Jezerah districts. This justifies shortage of parks in this sector to misplan of these parks when there are no city basic designs. There is also no estimation for the real need for future city needs to these services

ايران - روسيا : دراسة في واقع الجوار والتنبؤ فيه == Iran - Russia,A Study Of The Juxtaposition Future

اسم المؤلف: عبد المنعم هادي علي
اسم المشرف: مجيد حميد شهاب البدري
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Iran and Fedral Russia are considered as one of the countries that have an important geostrategic position on the regional and international levels , because , Iran dominates the most important strategic strait in the world which is Hermoz strait , which lies tothe north, neighbor to the caesarean Russia then the Soviet Fedral After the Soviet Fedral disunited , the fedral Russia became the heritage of the Soviet Foreign policy , this change led to the development of relation between Iran and Fedral Russia in terms ofthe two parts desire to reinforce or elevet the relation with each other to a high level and in all fields There is a geostrategic benefit for the countries that motivate them to reinforce cooperation between them in the political , economical and even the military field , i. e , that the lenders of the two states have a new strategy to avoid risks and activate benefits This study will exhibit the relation development of states.The importance of geographic neighbouring study between Federal Russia and Iran connected with what these two states get from the impottance of geo straregy as they are of the states that have large areas and population which is very important regarding mineral, weathes and power resources which are gained by the two states and that is recognized in the fields of geo politic according to geographical location oil resources, natural gas, and their regional and global effect with extent cultural and civilized heritage for each of them which represent a powerful strength for them The two states, Iran and federal Russia, have special merits which made them geopolitical power , so the importance of this research is to study these two states after geopolitical change which happened in the area during the disconnecting Soviet Union which made many states controlled by its authority get its independence but some of these states have relation with Uunited States of America by making agreements and treaties and also with western Europe. Either real changes that happened in Iran during the Islamic Revolution in 1979 Which made Iran play apolitical style completely different from the former regime and for this concept we to be more careful about its external and internal new relation whichexpose the region to risks asaresult of its closing relations with federal Russia in facing America domination upon the world.This study reveals the political out - look, natural human and economic development which happened upon these states acconding to the change that happened for them, aswellas, the Knowing of political factors that might be a signal of weakness of them. Alsothe study has deepen in clarifying the geo economic for natural resources for these two state specially oil and natural gas regarding product amount and non use resources according to world average because they play amajor role in global economy through theircontrol in export and production

العلاقات المكانية للتلوث الصناعي في مدينة الحلة == Spatial Relations Of Industrial Pollution In Hilla City

اسم المؤلف: رؤى علي مهدي كاظم جوازري
اسم المشرف: جبار عبد جبيل
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد التلوث البيئي وخاصة الناتج عن الصناعة اعتداء سافر من قبل الانسان على البيئة وتوازنها والذي يؤدي الى تشوه وازالة المظاهر الجمالية فيها، ونتيجة لعملية طرح الملوثات الصناعية الضارة بالبيئة والتي بدات تهدد الوسط الهوائي والمائي والتربة , فقد جاءت هذه الدر | Pollution of environment is very danger which causes deform the beautiful situations especially industerail pollution which is caused by human. Because of industrial waste.It is damage air ,water and soil.There is a stady called "relationship of industerail pollution in Al Hilla town" It provides many important ways to benefit from these waste soil,gas, but with fewer effect of factories. This study help us to know the effect of waste on the environment balance in Hilla.It is found that industry is polluted for systems of our life in danger way. That over'centre organ for statics in Babil.Then,They are taken plece or model to examin them in the laboratory in Babil also in ministry of science ,Technology and Green AL Qasim university which relate to air ,water,soil pollution.They are used Equation of USA of growth of pupolation.The study is continued definition for some terms conserned the research.It also explaned the main role of natural elemants that their effect on in dustrail pollution Especially weather and its elements as winds.Even Human effects rise pollution because of increasing population which increase the Use of earth or people rong use for elements of environment without right plan previously.The air, water and soil pollution is caused defect at Ecological system which redounds life.There are some good points that have benefit as some technological ways which make pollution fewer even its economic cost.The study suggest some suitable indormations for some factories to achieve the gaol.

واقع واتجاهات النمو الحضري للمدن الصغيرة في قــضاء المحاويل == The Reality Of Urban Growth And Trends In Small Size Cities In Al - Mahaweel District

اسم المؤلف: شيماء محمد خليـل محياوي
اسم المشرف: عامر راجح نصر
الموضوع العام: الجغرافية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: الجغرافية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت هذه الدراسة احدى اهم الظواهر الحضرية وهو النمو الحضري الذي يعد من اعقد العمليات واكثرها تاثيرا على المراكز الحضرية والوحدات العمرانية من خلال تعرضها للتغير المستمر لمختلف الوظائف. وسلطت الدراسة الضوء على ظاهرة تكرر اغفالها عن برامج التنمية والخطط | This study examined one of the most important urban phenomena and urban growth is one of the most complex operations and most influential urban centres and physical units through exposure to the constant changing of various jobs. The study highlighted the phenomenon repeats overlooked about development programs and strategic plans (small towns) that population size ranges between (5000 to 20000 ) individual , which consists in the study area in three urban centres, shared several qualities and functions (Al - Mashroa ,Al - Neil, Al - Emam). I have discussed the study highlighted the reasons for the growth of the city is not without undergoing a range of geographical disciplines such as location and position and the nature of the surface water and soil resources that contribute to the emergence and local environment conditions imposed, and the human factors of population and economic, social, historical and political origins of the important role of cities. I have used several courses of study as a descriptive analytical and historical and morphological approach drawing on quantitative methods and software for geographic information systems (Gis) and quadruple (swot) analysis method in analysis of urban land uses, and field visits with use of a number of tables, maps and graphs to illustrate geographic phenomena in the cities studied. The study showed the planning stages of cities and urban land use planning stages through to each city and analysis of functional proficiency through capita account depending on appropriate planning standards. The study also showed the vision for urban growth and magnitude of future need for urban land uses until 2025 and showed some parameters which stands in front of the urbanization of the study and determine the appropriate directions for growth. The study concluded with a set of conclusions and recommendations that contribute to improve the reality of urban growth in the cities study and the possibility of development commensurate with the economic, social and cultural characteristics

التحليل المكاني لخطط الاستثمار العام في قطاعي الماء والصرف الصحي لمدينة بغداد == Spatial Analysis Of The Plans Of Public Investment In The Sectors Of Water And Sanitation In Baghdad City

اسم المؤلف: ياسمين حسن جبار السوداني
اسم المشرف: عبد الوهاب احمد عبد الوهاب
الموضوع العام: التخطيط الحضري
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التخطيط الحضري والاقليمي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Baghdad city suffer from a serious shortage infrastructure services which is the essence of spatial development and their quality has a significant impact on the development or deterioration in existing cities have water and sanitation sector received a great deal of deterioration of these services, and in spite of government support for these sectors allocating relatively large sums within the investment plan and development of the regions of the Municipality of Baghdad plan to improve these sectors, but the the level of these services is not living up within the acceptable level, according to this research problem was identified Which stipulates that The weakness of out puts of the water and sanitation sector in the Baghdad city despite significant investment allocations to these sectors within the temporal and spatial framework of the study area. The research aims to recognize the reality of the water and sanitation sector for the Baghdad city, services and analysis of the investment plan and the plan for development of the regions for water projects and sewerage to the Municipality of Baghdad for the period (2008 - 2016) as well as measuring the efficiency of the implementation of the investment plan and the regional development plan for 2016 And the extent of citizen satisfaction with the service and willingness to pay for better services by using the questionnaire form of a random sample of the community of Baghdad city is supposed to activate urban development depends on the efficient preparation of investment plans include complementary projects take into concern the actual need for the city.The researcher found that it was not prioritize investment plans properly as the deficit in the sewage sector is very large compared to allocations earmarked a few are not equivalent to the water, which is among the highest in the Municipality of Baghdad allocations despite the significant correlation between the two services as well as the decline in the efficiency of project implementation under the investment plan and the plan for development of the regions of the Municipality of Baghdad The improvement in the amount of water produced in the city of Baghdad, a good improvement during the period of the research plan, but this improvement has not kept pace with improvements in water quality index as well as the water tariffs are very few which will negatively on this sector because of the low budget, which overwhelms the government to continue to support this sector and through questionnaire it shows that a greater proportion of citizens are dissatisfied with the water and sewerage services and the willingness of citizens to pay for better services and to reduce the existing deficit involvement of the private sector in improving water and sanitation services that are offered concessions to attract investment in infrastructure services.

التكامل التخطيطي - التصميمي في المجمعات السكنية : منطقة الدراسة مجمع الصالحية السكني - الكرخ محلة 222 == The Planning - Design Integration In Residential Complexes (Case Study : Al - Salehia Residential Complex / Al - Karkh / Neighborhood #222)

اسم المؤلف: فضاء معروف محمود الجلبي
اسم المشرف: سناء ساطع عباس الحیدري | جمال باقر مطلك السعدي
الموضوع العام: التخطيط الحضري
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التخطيط البيئي
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The human being had realized through his gradual and continuous history of civilization and culture the importance of the development of his urban environment based on needs in social, economical, environmental and construction, which coincide with his ideas, lifestyle and with the updating of time, so he concentrated on the already constructed urban environment quality to meet the required needs.In order to achieve a comfortable standard of living, it has to be integrated in which consolidate those needs (which is adopted by the urban planning) with the form of the established urban space, and organizing the constructional environment parameters (adopted by the urban design). But, due to the shortage of knowledge in the relationship between the urban planning and urban design bases in the residential complexes - and here is the problem of the study - which oblige to create a goal for that, and that is to indulge the integration relationship in order to clarify its importance by putting the required knowledge base, and present their true states in order to consolidate their positives and to limit the negatives.Starting from the hypothesis the states : The integration of the relationship between both of the Urban planning and design - in the residential complexes - reflects positively on their efficient of performance, and the most physical appearance of this relationship is the "Urban Space" through certain task where it is so active in the presence of human being who gives a justification of the place development. So it was a link between the bases of urban planning items : social, economical, environmental and constructional, and with the bases of urban design items : identity of place and its character, continuity and enclosure in place, quality of the public realm, ease of movement, legibility, adaptability and diversity to reach the desired integration through an analytical descriptiveapproach to evaluate a certain residential complex, which is "AL - Salehia Residential Complex /ALKarkh {neighborhood 222}", to see at what level the integration between them is {with their essential and secondary items}, and how much they verified the integrity of this complex so to be easy to assess the other built complexes, as well as the ones which are not built. The results of the specialized questionnaire (which shows the strength of the relationship between both the urban planning and design elements to reach the integration among them), and the residents questionnaire (in order to know their opinions on their complex), and through the link of the two lists, it was possible to clarify the level of integrated achievement among those items, there is a strong tendency of the need of integration between planning & design, so it was (relatively) high ratios of the relationship strength between the bases of both the urban planning and the urban design, which assure the links of these bases. And practically, there are priorities for some items {in those bases} which made them higher ranking (Continuity and Enclosure in place,Quality of the Public Realm, Ease of Movement) than the items which came in lower ranking. Many conclusions have been submitted, the most important ones was : The integration between the urban planning and the urban design is not necessarily to be 100%, but it means : "The required relationship achievement" in order to achieve the comfort of the residents, and the difference of that relationship varies with its strength among each fundamental design element with all of the secondary planning elements. The study has reached a trial to create a new system that can measure the quality of living when the residential complexes are designed in order to be more comfort to the inhibiters, and it is called "The Integration of the Planning - Design Line" of the Residential Complexes in Iraq.

تجديد النسيج الحضري في استدامة مراكز المدن : حالة دراسية منطقة القشلة == The Renewal Of The Urban Fabric In The Sustainability Of City Centers The Case Study - (Qishleh) Area

اسم المؤلف: سماء جمعة ياسين العقبي
اسم المشرف: عبد الحسين عبد علي العسكري
الموضوع العام: التخطيط الحضري
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التخطيط الحضري والاقليمي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The historic city centers are the heart of the cities they represent different periods of time experienced by the city, so they form the identity of the citys as well as being constitute the cultural heart of the historical, political, economic and social of the city, somany researchers and specialists planning were interested in the subject of urban renewal as a way to solve urban problems in the historic centers preservation and sustainability for future generations through the achievement of sustainable social,economic, environmental, cultural and physical dimensions, so the discussion deal with the relationship between innovation and sustainability through the presentation of the research problem, namely : (weakness of the complementary relationship between urban renewal and sustainability in the historical city centers) and resolve the research problem has been selected research hypothesis, which states : (the concept of a particular place development; works to achieve the complementary relationship between urban renewal and sustainability of the historic city centers), the research objectives were (1 : knowing the complementary relationship between the concepts of urban renewal and sustainability in historic city centers, Second : knowing the role of the privacy of theplace development; "preservation, cultural monuments, architectural identity, sense of place, a sense of belonging, heritage resources, culture and cultural planning" in the complementary relationship).As determined pursuant to the theoretical framework of the research problem and hypothesis, as first chapter discusses the definition of the concept of urban renewal and sustainability and sustainable renewal. The second chapter addressed the definition ofthe concept of privacy of the place which is known by the concepts of space and urban development and spatial and urban historical and cultural heritage and spatial development. The third chapter fitted theoretical framework derived from sortingthrough and discuss the construction of the first and second indicators corresponding with each other all the way to the final results, which represent indicators final research that have been applied in the practical side of the fourth chapter in the three aspects ofthe study area (Qishleh and its neighborhood) and a similar example ( Cairo's historic center) and the comparison between the results and analysis by the researcher.The research gives number of conclusions and final recommendations are the most important conclusions (that protect and improve the historical rehabilitation of historic buildings and exploitation of cultural activities that have a significant impact on thepromotion of belonging to the area of the environment. Through regulation or spatial planning uses to maintain the region and revitalization and historic preservation of resources to achieve linking the past with the future through the present. this is achievedthrough land use which have an impact significant on the sustainability of the historic preservation area; and that the nature of the use and the kind they have to suit the nature of the area, and that the study area need to redistribute uses to achieve long - termsustainability of the fabric urban; re - design of the urban environment and accordingly) One of the main recommendations of the research (giving importance to the role of the legislative framework and law in decision - making and to determine land use of the areaand historical power to impose laws on private property owners).

تاثير التوقيع المكاني لمدينة البصرة الرياضية على التنمية الاقليمية == The Spatial Localization Influence Of Basra Sport City On Regional Development

اسم المؤلف: حيدر جاسم عرنوص
اسم المشرف: مصطفى عبد الجليل ابراهيم القره غولي
الموضوع العام: التخطيط الحضري
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التخطيط الحضري والاقليمي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Through its establishment of civilized cities and sports complexes, civilized governments aim at improving the sports reality. This has a fundamental impact on the promotion of social and economic growth and development. Attention to this is the basis for developing sports opportunities for all.,The problem of research is the suffering of most Iraqi cities from the weakness in the methodology of choosing the sites of sports events and neglect of the planning, economic and social aspects and thus not get the desired results of that location, including the location of sports cities in the regions and achieve spatial development required.The research aimed to reach a means to achieve spatial balance in the region by locating sports activities that result in other basic uses in terms of residential, industrial and commercial use. The research also targets to obtain a base of appropriate information about the effects that resulted from locating the city of Basra sports city and region the economic, social and urban development aspects the hypothesis was a positive relationship linked the spatial location of the city of sport and regional development.This study is consisted into three chapters. The first chapter deals with the importance of space and spatial distribution of events in a balanced manner. The second topic deals with the subject of regional development, which represents the desired goal, While the second chapter dealt with the concept of sports and sports cities and ways of planning those cities and presented the experiences of developed countries in this area.The third and last chapter dealt with the most important changes that took place in the city of Basra because of the locating of the sports city in terms of investment and development of infrastructure services for the city of BasraThe research concluded that the locating of the sports city was planned in the study of the master plane of the city of Basra for the period (1985 - 2000) and that the locating led to significant changes in the price of land in the area surrounding the sports city to reach huge and unreasonable heights, In the volume of investments surrounding the site significantly and through investment to different sectors and available investment projects of the appropriate development opportunities and provide employment opportunities and raise the level of income per capita and strengthen the investment map in the city.Ass.Pro. Dr. Mustafa Abdel Jalil IbrahimU.mustafa@yahoo.comResearcher : AD Haidar Jassim ArnousHaider.j.a@Gmail.comThe sports city in Basra provided several direct opportunities to work through its implementation and implementation of the projects attached thereto, indirectly through the implementation of infrastructure projects supporting the Gulf 21 and the number of jobs that contributed to the treatment of unemploymentThe projects of rehabilitation of roads and projects of the construction of bridges in the intersections of the city a large share in the implementation of those projects followed by the rehabilitation projects of Basra International Airport and then include projects to develop electricity and lighting and maintenance where these projects have a significant influence in solving and address the many problems were experienced by the city originally focused on them And exploitation of the financial abundance in the investment budget.

استعمال سلسلة القيمة ودورة حياة المنتج في تقويم الميزة التنافسية السعرية : دراسة تطبيقية في الشركة العامة للاسمنت الجنوبية - معمل اسمنت الكوفة الجديد == Use of The Value Chain And Product Life Cycle In Evaluation The Competitive Advantage of Price

اسم المؤلف: امير عقيد كاظم العرداوي
اسم المشرف: ايمان محمد عبد الله الموسوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2017
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: في السنوات الاخيرة حصل تغير كبير في استراتيجيات المحاسبة الادارية وخاصة في مجالات خفض الكلف وتقويم الاداء التنافسي، فقد استعملة مدخل سلسلة القيمة ودورة حياة المنتج، بسبب ما تعانيه انظمة التكاليف التقليدية من قصور اذ لا تفي بمتطلبات الادارة الحديثة، ولمو | In recent years, a significant change go in strategies of management accounting, especially in the areas of reducing costs and performance. The entrances of the value chain and the product life cycle, has been used Because of inability the traditional costs of as do not meet the requirements of the modern management. And to keep pace with progress in all fields, especially the industrial sector the researcher put his first.interest in this subject to the fact that the Kufa Cement plant is suffering from intense competition led to a decline in sales due to the dumping of the Iraqi market with various types of cement from various origins which cause cement product for 2015 at gradient phase and reflected negatively on its ability to survive and grow in the market and keep it.The subject of the current study highlight the role of the value chain and product life cycle to assess the price competitiveness experienced by the cement producer, through a focus on the targeted cost technique as one of modern technologies in industrial product pricing as it depends on the market approach in determining Competitive price that is through pleasing the customer and ensure their loyalty to the product.After crystallization of the conceptual framework and review of previous related research efforts, a study hypothesis was formulated and tested in General Company of Southern Cement - The Cement Kufa plant. in order to identify and use Value Chain tool in reducing of product life cycle cost through consensus between value chain activities efforts, that is, research and development activities, design, production, marketing, distribution, and customer service as well as supportive activities as the Infrastructure, activities Human Resource Management , activity Technology, activities and Purchases, activities. These goals came from the importance of the study, as its importance stems from the integration of the value chain and product life cycle in order to identify opportunities for cost reduction and assess the competitive advantage of the price. The main findings of the study as follows : 1. To analyze the value chain two methods, the first one is the analyze a series of internal value chain of the company, which is called (Porter), method where divide of the value chain activities into two groups of activities, the first consisting of five core activities and the other consistency four activities are in support, while the second method is the method of analysis of manufacturing value, which includes six activities starting from the birth of the idea and ended with provide the service to the customer2. Adopting target cost for the purpose of product pricing, particularly competing products in the manufacturing modem environment as required for the adoption of the target price (market price) of the product contender and then refer to calculate the target costs depending on the analysis of operations to the prime unit sub - activities and determine the costs and try to activate or cancel no - value added activities. The study concluded with a set of recommendations, the most important first : the need to apply the product life cycle as it contributes to the innovation product through the use of the value chain that determine the activities that add value and exclude activities that no value added through production process, and secondly : the company should work on reducing the price of the product or add a competitive edge before the product is up to the stage of deterioration is done either by reducing the profit margin target or target cost reduction.

اثر الصدمة النقدية في سوق الاوراق المالية : دراسة تطبيقية في العراق والاردن للمدة (2009 - 2015) == The Impact of Monetary Shock In The Stock Market Practical Study In Iraq And Jordan For The Period (2009 - 2015)

اسم المؤلف: علي اياد حسن علي الربيعي
اسم المشرف: حسين ديكان درويش الدليمي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم المالية والمصرفية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد الاسواق المالية العراقية من الاسواق الناشئة التي يكاد ان يكون تاثيرها معدوما في النشاط الاقتصادي قياسا بالاسواق المالية التي في المنطقة, بسبب ضعف الجهاز المصرفي وكذلك السياسات النقدية الداعمة لحركة السوق , فالاقتصاد العراقي اقتصاد ريعي ليس له القدرة ا | Consider the Iraqi financial market of emerging markets, which is almost to be its impact non - existent on the relative financial markets that the region's economic activity because of the weakness of the banking system as well as monetary policies in support of the movement of the market, indicators the economy of Iraqi economy is Rentier one not have sufficient capacity to withstand the shocks so that when the monetary shock occurred soon It shows the impact in all economic sectors and from here, the study tried to find the extent of the shock effect of the money supply (M1) and its impact on the stock market for the period (2009 - 2015) quarterly data, Proceeding from the premise that the monetary shock has a strong and effective impact on the stock market in the long term.The study contained the three chapters The first chapter discusses the theoretical framework for monetary policy and monetary shock in the first part, while taking second chapters deals with the reality of monetary policy and the stock market in Iraq and Jordan , moreover the third chapter consists of the applied section (the econometrics) of the study.The research concluded that the monetary shock has an effective role of the market stock in the long run in Iraq , while that effect is weakness it the Jordan economy. Finally , the research recommends to plan the monetary policy in Iraq same as the role of its impact in the Jordanian economy.

اثر الاقتصاد المعرفي على مؤشرات التنمية في الاقتصاد العراقي للمدة (2015 - 2003) == The Impact of Knowledge Economy On The Indices of Development In Iraqi Economy For The Period (2003 - 2015)

اسم المؤلف: بيداء محمد ضياء جعفر الخفاجي
اسم المشرف: احمد خليل الحسيني
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم المالية والمصرفية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد مفهوم الاقتصاد المعرفي من المفاهيم الحديثة في الادبيات الاقتصادية العراقية , وقد ازدادت الدراسات حول هذا الموضوع في المدة الاخيرة وذلك ادراكا لاهميته في تنمية قطاعات الاقتصاد العراقي بشكل عام.لذلك فان الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو التعرف على ماهية الاقتصاد | The knowledge economy is a new concept in the economy of Iraq, and the studies on this subject have increased in the recent period due to its importance in developing the Iraqi economy in general. Therefore , the aim of this study is to identify what knowledge economy is as an orientation in the Iraqi economy , and also to study the possibilities and ways to adapt the knowledge economy and its output indicators in order to serve development programs.To reach to the aims of the study, the research is divided into three chapters. Chapter One deals with the basic concepts that and related to the subject of knowledge economy and also review the historical framework of this concept. Also , identify its features and traits. The research also studies the basic concepts of development , as well as the fields of development and its objectives. Is also studied the relationship between knowledge economy and development.The second chapter deal with the reality of the knowledge economy indicators for selected countries , including the reality of the Iraqi economy for the period (2003 (2015 - The most important characteristics. It also studies some sectors of the Iraqi economy, and the indices of knowledge economy, in Iraq particularly , and some banking economic indicators in Iraq and assesses the knowledge economy indicators in selected countries , including : Iraq , Egypt , and United Arab Emirates. Fur thermion , The chapter studies the experience of Egypt and the United Arab Emirates of the concept of the knowledge economy and to compare them with the experience of Iraq. In the third chapter, the relationship between the knowledge economy and indicators of development of the Iraqi economy is measured for the period (2003 - 2015) The date is analysed statistically. They are (health, education , agriculture , GDP, oil and research technology and development ), which is obtained from the annual bulletin of the Central Bank of Iraq for the years between (2003 2015).The results were obtained by using ( Eviews 7.1 ) showing that some of the variables agree with while other do not logic of economic theory.The main conclusion is that knowledge economy can be speed up to achieve the development that will enable Iraq and the Arab countries through the growth and sustainability and also raise the level of welfare in the community in the long term by improving the practices , staffing , employment , raise production capacity and fairness of income and wealth, which substantially affect , the economic growth and in the allocation of resources to gain knowledge of the distribution.The study recommended paying attention to system knowledge - based economy through creating a ground and activate it in all operating establishments in Iraq (private and public sectors ) also to create an environment that allows the flow of knowledge and investment in information and communication technology and also to encourage the business activities so as to help the development and training.

مزيج الاتصالات التسويقية وتاثيره في السلوك الشرائي للمنظمة : دراسة تحليلية في شركة مصافي الوسط - مصفى الدورة == Marketing Communications Mix And Their Impact On The Purchasing Behavior of The Organization : An Analytical Study In Midland Refineries Company/ Dura Refinery

اسم المؤلف: هيثم حامد سالم الحسناوي
اسم المشرف: سرمد حمزة جاسم الشمري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تبحث هذه الدراسة في مزيج الاتصالات التسويقية كمتغير مستقل والسلوك الشرائي للمنظمة كمتغير تابع وهي دراسة تحليلية في شركة مصافي الوسط (مصفى الدورة ) وقد تضمن المتغير المستقل خمسة متغيرات فرعية هي ( الاعلان , ترويج المبيعات , العلاقات العامة , التسويق المباش | This study looking at the combination of marketing communications as a variable independently and purchasing behavior of the organization as the dependent variable and is applied study in Midland Refineries Company (Daura) The independent variable included five sub - variables (advertising, sales promotion, public relations, marketing direct personal sales) and highlights the problem of the study to find an appropriate solution epistemological problem of a statement on the relative importance of a combination of marketing communications for the behavior of the purchasing organization in addition to the field problem of the obvious shortage of marketing information in most executives when making a purchase decision in the company, and the study aimed to determine the nature of the relationship between the variables key and finding the level of influence between them in addition to clarify the basic concepts of marketing Communications and purchasing behavior of the organization it has been selected Midland refineries Company (Daura) locations for the application of the study and collected the data through a sample of (82) members of the managers in the company researched distributors in a number of management levels selected respondents intentional the study relied on a field approach, and used the questionnaire as a tool head for the collection of data and information as well as interviews and personal observation and some of the annual reports of the company has been the use of statistical software (SPSS V. 23) and (AMOS) for data and information which included processing (percentages, Weighted Mean, standard deviation, Spearman rank correlation coefficient, relative importance, the coefficient of determination R2, F test, Z test, sequential regression testing). has reached a researcher to a number of the most important conclusions was the following : 1. The existence of a link between the moral and the effect of a combination of Communications and purchasing behavior of the organization relationship.2. the company's management is interested in direct marketing and public relations larger compared with other marketing communications activities in order to introduce the goods and services they sell or need.The most significant recommendations : 1. The need for the company using multiple forms of media, new and innovative combination of marketing communications marketing communications alongside traditional forms.2. Due to the size of the activities of procurement management in the company researched should build an organizational unit that determines which features and its location in the organizational structure of the size of activity it performs.

الادارة الالكترونية وتاثيرها في تحقيق النجاح الاستراتيجي : دراسة حالة في مديرية تربية الكرخ الثانية == Electronics Management And Its Impact In Achieving Strategic Success Case Study At Directorate State of Education Al - Karkh / Second

اسم المؤلف: وسن عباس جلوب الربيعي
اسم المشرف: مها عارف بريسم العزاوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التخطيط الاستراتيجي
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تختبر الدراسة الحالية التاثير للادارة الالكترونية ومتطلباتها (دعم الادارة العليا , والموارد التقنية والموارد البشرية ) في النجاح الاستراتيجي, وقد تمثلت مشكلة الدراسة بعدد من التساؤلات, تم الاجابة عنها لمعرفة ما مدى اهتمام الادارة العليا بدعم تطبيقات الادا | The current study testes the relationship of electronics management effect and its requirements (Supporting top management ,technological and human resources) in achieving strategic success, the problem of study represented by many of questions were answered by recognition the range of top management in supporting the technical applications consequently by achieving the strategic success of population circle (directorate of Al - Karkh / Second ). Then identifies the relationship of impacts among these variables , the importance of this study rise from the significant rule that played by the electronical management in developing the abilities and develop, improve the presented services that ride the institution to fulfil success in achieving their works in High efficiency. The check list used as a method to collect data designed to support the theoretical aspect and distributed on population of (40) samples represented by the chief of directorate, chief assistants , administration directors and units managers in the Directorate of Al - Karkh / Second, (F) test has been used to identify the moral impacts using statistic programs (SPSS22) , the results agreed with the hypothesis of study.The study concludes many of findings, the significant one that there is a meaningful relationship of electronic relationship in achieving success, then groups of recommendations , the important one is the necessity to apply electronic management by the sample circle as it have many solutions of problems such as the negative effect paper treatments, then study concludes with many of suggestions like a foresight that could give beneficial advantages for future studies

اثر التوجه الاستراتيجي في اعادة هندسة الاعمال : دراسة تحليلية في وزارة الاعمار والاسكان == The Impact of The Strategic Orientation In Business Re - Engineering An Analytical Study In The Ministry of Construction And Housing

اسم المؤلف: ابتهال منذر سلمان
اسم المشرف: شهناز فاضل احمد النجار
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التخطيط الاستراتيجي
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The study is aimed at analyzing the relationship between the strategic direction and business re - engineering through a sample that is consisted of (general managers and their assistants, heads of departments, heads of units) in the Ministry of Construction andHousing. The study highlights the problem of the lack of the ministry to the mechanism of implementing the strategic direction and given their role in achieving the business reengineering such as : (human resources, flexible organizational structure, informationtechnology, policies and procedures, leadership) The importance of the study lies in presenting two important organizational variables in determining the success of the organizations, namely the strategic direction and business reengineering, linking their active role can achieve a work environment with the ability to keep up with all that is new in the field of the organization's work, and defining the concept of strategic direction and its relationship to re business Engineering The researcher sought towards a logical answers to these questions,also to provide a briefing on the theory of the strategic direction and business re - engineering, and to identify the nature of their relationship from the point of the impactof the strategic direction in the business re - engineering. In order to achieve these goals, a hypothetical model has been adopted to express the logical relationship between the variables of the study, in which the strategic directionis considered an independent variable that affects the approved business reengineering variable. For the purpose of discovering the nature of relationships, the study has tended to display a set of hypotheses as an initial answers to see their verification, and thus two major hypothesesare provided as follows : 1.There is a significant correlation between the strategic direction and business reengineering.2. There is a significant effect differences between the strategic direction and business reengineering.To implement this study and test its hypotheses, the Ministry of Construction and Housing has been chosen and the descriptive - analytical analysis approachhas been adopted based on the assumptions that are to be provable through practical tests.The studyadopted samples : (50) members of the (two managers and their assistants, heads of departments and heads of units) in the Ministry of Construction and Housing and tested and proven the correlation and impactthrough the statistical analysis using the methods ofmultiple statistical of the most important of the correlation coefficient (Spearman) and the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, and the results showed that the validity of hypotheses of the study and based on those results several conclusions were formulated most of whicharethat the strategic direction has a large proportion of impact on business reengineering and the most important recommendations addressed by the study are the need for taking into account the dimensions of (information technology, flexible organizational structure, leadership) due to their importance in business process reengineering.

تقييم الاداء الاستراتيجي للمشروعات في ظل المواصفة ISO 10006 : 2003 : دراسة حالة في ديوان محافظة ديالى == Assess The Strategic Performance of Projects Under The International Standard Quality ISO 10006 : 2003 In The Case Study Office of Diyala Province

اسم المؤلف: هند قدوري ابراهيم
اسم المشرف: زهرة عبد محمد
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التخطيط الاستراتيجي
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد تطبيق المواصفة الدولية ادارة الجودة في المشروعات(ISO 10006 : 2003) الاصدار الثاني ضرورة لمواكبة التقدم الهائل في مجال المشروعات, لتفادي المخاطر التي قد تتعرض لها المشروعات ويساعد المنظمات الموجهة للمشروعات( المنظمات المسؤولة عن تخطيط و/او تنفيذ وتسليم) | The implementation of the international standard of quality management in projects (ISO 10006 : 2003) Released the second the need to keep up with the tremendous progress in the field of projects, to avoid the risks that may be exposed to projects and help - oriented projects Organizations (responsible for the planning and / or implementation of organizations and delivery) to get an advantage competitive. The application of international standard moves such organizations from the routine performance in project management to the performance of professional modern strategic character, because most projects oriented organizations have difficulty in evaluating strategic projects due to lack of application of international standard requirements of quality management in the project. Hence the problem of the research in the non - application of international standard requirements of quality management in the project (ISO 10006 : 2003), and not rely on the checklist for evaluating projects. So research aimed to application of quality in project management in the research sample Department of Engineering Affairs / Office of Diyala province, through the preparation of a checklist international standard project management quality (ISO 10006 : 2003), and evaluate the performance of projects strategically in accordance with International Standard quality of the project management. The importance of research to identify the international standard requirements (ISO 10006 : 2003), Second Edition, as well as to provide a broad understanding of the thinking of a firm to manage the projects assisted in the evaluation of strategic projects and to achieve the objectives of the research were to rely on the case study method, which helps in the deep and comprehensive analysis of the problem under study, Use the search and check list for being the head of a tool in data collection, which included (132) items included international standard quality management of project requirements (ISO 10006 : 2003). It was chosen as the Engineering Section in the Office of Diyala province as a location to conduct the practical side in the search for the diagnosis of the gap between international requirements of the standard and the reality of the actual application The research found a lack of interest in the quality of projects and activities for the presence of a large gap between the actual application and the requirements of the standard and its percentage (43.8), which indicates that the application is weak with the requirements of international standard in the research sample. Find recommends applying the international standard of quality management in projects (ISO 10006 : 2003) in a sample of research and benefit from the results of checklists to assess project management practices.

تحليل استخدام التقنيات لمكاتب المدراء العاميين : دراسة تطبيقية في وزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي == Analysis Use Techniques of Director General Offices A Case Study In The Ministry of Higher Education And Scientific Research

اسم المؤلف: ميس عامر عبد الرزاق عبد اللطيف
اسم المشرف: رفاء فرج سموعي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: عرض البحث الحالي موضوع (تحليل استخدام التقنيات لمكاتب المدراء العاميين), تم اختيار قطاع التعليم العالي ممثلا في مركز الوزارة. وطبق البحث في عينة مكونه من (45) موظف في مكاتب المدراء العاميين ومن المستخدمين للحاسبة الالكترونية في مركز وزاره التعليم العالي و| The Aim of this study to Analyze and Evalute by using - the research applied on samples of (45) employees working in these offices by chick list which cotains (17) questions focus on the research aspects - the chick list under go statistical and objectives aspects and the out puts are very important and appear that there are good results and there \s hi level in availability of the technology under research advance information technology at D.G offices and have active Role to make significant change happen in the Adminstreal and (I.T) represented in the Ministry of (HE & SR). - The information technology as idoms for (system,soft ware,equipments,employees,net works ,communications )The problem of this study restricted by many questions theoretical and practical and one of these important question if there is one of these information technology in the D.G offices And did they obliged to work on these systems - The Research focus on develop the ability of the staff that worked on these systems - The case study can represented by many equstions the most important one is if there is any technology system used in these offices to treat and solve the problems that face the daily problems.

التسويـق الداخلي وعلاقته في جـودة الخدمات المكتبيـة : دراسة تطبيقية في شركة نفط البصـرة == Internal Marketing And Its Relationship To The Quality of Office Services : Empirical Study In Basra Oil Company

اسم المؤلف: ميثم محمد حسين الديراوي
اسم المشرف: سرمد حمزة جاسم الشمري
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة مكتب
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناول البحث تحليل العلاقة بين التسويق الداخلي والخدمات المكتبية في شركة نفط البصرة وتسليط الضوء على ضرورة الاهتمام بالتسويق الداخلي والخدمات المكتبية وتم استعمال المنهج الوصفي التحليلي واستعمال انموذج سبيرمـــن في الاستبانـة. مشكلـــة البحث تمثلــت بعد | Research Analysis of the relationship between internal marketing and office services in Basra Petroleum Company Highlighting the need to pay attention to internal marketing and office services. The descriptive analytical approach and the use of the Spearman model were used in the questionnaire.The problem of research was not to use the company investigated Internal marketing and office services The research sought to achieve a set of applied goals based on three main hypotheses.The questionnaire was used to collect data and information related to the research, distributed to a sample of 64 employees of the engineering agency, and by analyzing the answers of the employees of the officials (engineering, refrigeration engineering, engineers, administrators, technicians, auditors, accountants) An appropriate measure and statistical tools appropriate to achieve its objectives.The research concluded that the validity of the hypotheses was positive and significant correlation between internal marketing dimensions such as quality of information services, quality of extension services, quality of secretarial services, and field of vision. Adopting internal marketing as one aspect of marketing for the purpose of demonstrating the possibility of developing the reality of performance in companies and work reality. Desktop and archiving In addition to the weakness in how to absorb this modern trend through the adoption of internal marketing as a facet of evaluating the performance of the office and measuring the quality of the performance of the office (with the results showed that the dimension (internal marketing and quality of extension services and the quality of information services and the quality of secretarial services) When the internal marketing trends and trends in the performance and completion of the work and the existence of conclusions regarding the site of the research and made recommendations to the model of the research.

التسويق الريادي وتاثيره في الاداء التسويقي : دراسة تطبيقية في عينة من شركات الاتصالات العراقية == Entrepreneurial Marketing Effect On Marketing Performance - Applied Study In A Sample of Iraq Telecommunications Companies

اسم المؤلف: مؤيد احمد لازم
اسم المشرف: عاملة محسن احمد ناجي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • التسويق الريادي
  • الاداء التسويقي
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الى توظيف التسويق الريادي بوصفه متغير? مستقلا وبابعاده المتمثلة ب(التركيز على الزبون، تقبل المخاطرة، الاستباقية، الابداع، اقتناص الفرص) في تعزيز الاداء التسويقي بوصفه متغير? تابعا وبمؤشراته المتمثلة ب(الحصة السوقية، حجم المبيعات، المسؤولية | This study aimed to exploitation of Entrepreneurial Marketing as an independent variable with its dimensions which include (Customer Intensity، Calculated Risk Taking، Proactiveness، Innovativeness، Opportunity Focus) In promoting marketing performance as a dependent variable and its indicators ( Market Share، Sales Volume، Social Responsibility، Customer Retention).The study problem emerged from the core of marketing, management and technical challenges Which faced by telecom companies and which need a non - traditional marketing style that Draw the pace of success for them. The study is of importance to the importance of the research community and the sample, and then supporting the marketing department in the telecommunications companies in planning the marketing process and taking the appropriate measures related to its recovery. The study aimed to shed light on the philosophy of Entrepreneurial marketing and its application in the Iraqi telecom companies. The study is applied in a number of Iraqi telecom companies and adopted a random class sample of 136 members of the study community, including (Manager, Associate Managers, Division Managers, section Managers, Supervisors, Employees). The study examined a number of main and subsidiary hypotheses about the availability of the level of morale and the relationship of influence between the study variables and the moral differences between the telecommunication companies. Study The questionnaire was used as a key tool for studying the field side of telecommunication companies surveyed. The statistical measures used were statistical analysis programs (AMOS - V23 and SPPS v23). The study reached a number of conclusions, the most prominent of which is that the management of telecommunications companies applied to Entrepreneurial Marketing In companies in the study community attributed to the interest of telecommunications companies surveyed by its subsidiary dimensions, And there have been significant levels of marketing performance and these levels have emerged because of their attention to the sub - indicators. The study recommended the necessity of activating the Entrepreneurial Marketing because it contributes Strengthen of marketing performance, which is a criterion for determining the success or failure of companies and activating the role of government control, as well as interest to stakeholders (government, society, investors, employees, customers).

دور التطبيع التنظيمي في معالجة مشكلات ضغوط العمل : دراسة تحليلية في جامعة القادسية == The Role of Regulatory Normalization In Dealing With Work Stress Problems Analytical Study In The University of Qadisiyah

اسم المؤلف: مازن طالب جرد الشيباوي
اسم المشرف: سحر احمد كرجي العزاوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة مكتب
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد التطبيع التنظيمي احد المفاهيم الادارية التي استحوذت على اهتمام كثير من الباحثين في مجال الموارد البشرية والسلوك التنظيمي لاثاره الايجابية في كثير من المتغيرات المنظمية الاخرى. واستنادا الى ذلك هدفت الدراسة الى معرفة الدور الذي يمارسه التطبيع التنظيمي | The organized normalization consider one of the administration concept which attract the intension many of researchers in human recourse and organized behavior to his positive effects in many of regulatory variables. Based on that , the study was prepared to find out the role played by the regulatory normalization of the three stages (pre - access, confrontation, stability) in dealing with problems of work stress. This was done in the colleges of the University of Al - Qadisiya of (17) College, supported on mainhypotheses emanating of them sub - hypotheses to test the relationship and influence between the its variables.The study adopted descriptive and analytical approach by using descriptive style in the theoretical side and the statistical analysis at the practical side, and are designed for this purpose administrating a questionnaire that suitable for nature of the study and its objectives as an essential tool for data collection , and that was processed using a number of statistical methods (Mean weighted, standard deviation, relative importance, the correlation coefficient of simple Sirman, test F, the coefficient of determination) which was distributed to a sample of (47) employees of the deans of colleges the University of Al - Qadisiyah and their assistants (scientific and administrative) and after collecting and dispersing and data processing statistical program (SPSS) and in the light of the results the study had reached a set of conclusions, namely The University of Al - Qadisiya and through its colleges of the study sample was able to hiring and investing the change in the regulatory normalization of events more changes to deal with the pressures of workproblems. But there are differences in the moral influence of the subvariables (stages) in dealing with the problems of the pressures of work, this change has appeared in (phase stability) larger than the other stages (preaccess, confrontation).Whenever the study came out a set of recommendations which can contribute to strengthening the positive aspects and address the negative aspects of the study sample colleges the most prominent the use of modern methods of normalization and developed methods of modeling behavior for the normalization of personnel and the mitigation of pressures of work facing them.

تاثير استراتيجية التدريب في اداء المشاريع : دراسة تحليلية في وزارة الشباب والرياضة == The Role of Training Strategies At The Performance In Projects Efficiency In The Iraqi Ministry of Youth And Sports - Case Study

اسم المؤلف: ليلى مهدي عبد الحسين
اسم المشرف: هشام طلعت عبد الحكيم الونداوي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التخطيط الاستراتيجي
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تهدف الدراسة الى معرفة مدى تطبيق وزارة الشباب والرياضة العراقية للانشطة التي لها علاقة بوجود استراتيجية واضحة للتدريب واثر ذلك في مستوى اداء االمشاريع الشبابية فيها، ولقد تكون مجتمع الدراسة من التشكيلات الادارية التابعة للوزارة، اما عينة الدراسة فتم اختي | The study aim to investigate the application of the Iraqi Ministry of Youth and Sports to the activities that are related to a clear strategy including training and its impact on the performance of youth projects. The population of the study are the administrative formations of the ministry. The study sample is a random sample of the ministry employees which covers 50% of the study population by 10 departments. This study targeted the employees and directors of the ministry that work in the departments concerned with training, trainers to the ministry directorates and trainees in economic empowerment which include how to develop a project courses held by the ministry through forums across the provinces of Iraq. The questionnaire was used as a tool for data collection. The study was conducted on 150 questionnaires collected from the ministry. Several conclusions were found, including : 1. There was a positive statistically significant relation between the application of the stages of the training process from a strategic perspective and the youth projects performance at the ministry of youth and sports 2. The presence of a statistically significant positive correlation between the extent of the senior management involvement in training strategy and the project performance. 3. The results of this study showed that there are some constraints that face these companies when adopting an effective training strategy for training such as lack of organizational culture and highly qualified trainers and the rigidity of the laws and regulations. Finally, this study concluded a number of recommendations that include the need for the top management at the Ministry of Youth and Sports to provide more attention and support for a clear training strategies of the overall ministry strategy, as well as the need for specialized training programs provided to its members, and to apply the training methods that suit the ambitions and aspirations and needs of young people.

استراتيجيات الامن الغذائي وامكانيات تحقيق الاكتفاء الذاتي : دراسة حالة في وزارة الزراعة العراقية == Strategies For Food Security And Possibilities For Self - Sufficiency Case Study At The Iraqi Ministry of Agriculture

اسم المؤلف: غادة مهدي عبد السوداني
اسم المشرف: سمية عباس مجيد الربيعي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التخطيط الاستراتيجي
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يواجه العراق صعوبات وتحديات كبيرة في محاولة سعيه لتحقيق امنه الغذائي، لوجود مشاكل في الانتاج الزراعي وفي الاستجابة لمتطلبات السوق من خلال تزايد المعروض من الاغذية المستوردة قياسا بالمعروض من المنتج الزراعي الوطني في السوق العراقي مما ينذر بان مسالة تامين | Iraq faces great difficulties and challenges in his attempts to achieve food security.The research focuses on a number of problems, including large - dumping food products imported policy in spite of the provision of the local product, and Ouksour agricultural production in response to market demands, foreshadowing that the issue of securing the lunch inside Iraq is in great danger and a threat to the issue of food security in Iraq.And highlights the importance of research on the need for attention to the stability of the food security it represents a stable, economically, socially, politically and security of the country, and the importance of achieving self - sufficiency in strategic commodities from the support and development of the national economyThe research aims to analyze the reality of food security in Iraq and the strategies used and analyze the performance of the agricultural sector and models of proposed strategies to achieve food securityIn order to achieve that the researcher has chosen in the sample studied and the Ministry of Agriculture a community of experts in the field of food security, where the study was conducted on 10.05.2015 until 30.12.2016.Researcher found several conclusions that the most important agricultural sector suffers from a food gap and low domestic production rates, where Iraq depends mainly on the agricultural sector to achieve food security, it also offers several recommendations to search the most important.Set a comprehensive national food security strategy with the involvement of national authorities and institutions to achieve economic revival of the country and carry out a thorough survey of all food needs for future phase of the country and to set effective strategic plans for its implementation.

دور الاصلاح الاداري في ترشيد نفقات موازنة الدولة : دراسة تحليلية في مقر وزارة المالية == The Role Administrative Reform In The Scantiness of The Country'S Budget Expenditures Analytical Study At The Headquarters of The Ministry of Finance

اسم المؤلف: علي طاهر كاظم العبيدي
اسم المشرف: كاظم احمد جواد الجشعمي
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
السنة: 2017
الموضوع الدقيق: التخطيط الاستراتيجي
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تهدف الدراسة الى تشخيص دور الاصلاح الاداري ( كمتغير مستقل) في ترشيد نفقات موازنة الدولة (كمتغير تابع) من خلال ابعاد الاصلاح الاداري المتمثلة بــ (التطوير التنظيمي، والترشيق الوظيفي، ومكافحة الفساد الاداري) مع متطلبات ترشيد النفقات العامة التي يفترض من اجه | This study aims at diagnosing the role of the administrative reform ( as an independent variable ) in scanting the country's budget expenditure ( as a subsidiary variable ) throughout the administrative reform dimensions represented by ( systematical development , job scantiness and combating administrative corruption ) and the general prerequisites of the expenditure scantiness which are supposed to be controlled by the governmental authorities which precisely determine the objectives the priorities , social justice and achievement control. The problem posed in this study is represented by the excess in the government's responsibilities and its excessive needs for general expenditure at the time there is scarcity in the resources which should sponsor the general budget, which leads to a continual budget deficit as well to the absence of clear - cut aims, of specifying the priorities and of control. this study is based on the assumption that the administrative reform for the country 's institutions is conducive to the scantiness of general expenditure concerning the country's budget. To illustrate the relationship between the variables of the main study and the subordinate study, two hypotheses have been formed, of which the main hypothesis concentrates on the existence a statistical indicator related to administrative reform as to the scantiness of expenditure related to the country's budget. the study relies on the analytical and descriptive approach when treating its variables with the help of the criteria agreeable with the aims and the nature the environment of the ministry in question ( the ministry of finance ) throughout using a number of statistical means to attain the required results such as using a factor analysis, repetitions, percentages, accountancy domain, criterion deviation and relative significance. The study has been applied to the ministry of finance throughout distributing a questionnaire which consists of 30 questions to a sample formed of 40 officials from the center of the ministry including a general director , assistant of a general director , department director and a director of sub - department , together with experts working in it and a group of officials who have long worked in the ministry. all the data have been collected from the processed sample which has been subjected to the descriptive and statistical analysis using the statistical programme called ( amos - VRR 23 and spss - VER 23 ) The study has concluded a group of findings of which the most important ones are : - there is a relatively strong relationship __a positive one inferred from the results of the statistical analysis__ with the variables of the study ( administrative reform and the scantiness of expenditure for the country's budget ), which emphasizes the truthfulness and compatibility of the major and minor relevant hypotheses, and the institutions' need for scantiness. the findings also show that the process of wasting the public financial resources and the increase in expenditure on non - productive sectors will lead to a greater opportunity of stealing and pilfering supporting many aspects of corruption. Finally , the researcher presents some recommendations necessary for preserving the public financial resources, of which the most important one is directing the processes of expenditure on productive projects in all the relevant sectors to ensure bringing about the financial revenue and social progress.
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