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الاهمية الجيوبولتيكية لشبه جزيرة القرم في الامن القومي الروسي == The Geopolitical Importance Of The Peninsula Of Crimea To The Russian National Security
Author name:
فيحاء كامل عباس الفتلاوي
Supervisor name:
عطا الله سليمان راهي الحديثي
General topic:
Geography
Specific topic:
Geography
Degree:
Doctorate
University:
University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Baghdad
First pages:
10T1559 - p.pdf
Abstract:
The Russian strategy has long concentrated on the issue of the national security, particularly post to the new changes of the dissociation of the Soviet Union in 1991, the end of the cold war, and the recession of the Russian existence from the warm waters of the Back Sea. Furthermore, Russia withdrew as the capital for the benefit of Moscow, which is closer to the borders with countries nearer to the European countries, which emerged after the Soviet Union dissolution. Many of those countries became part of the NATO and European Union, when Ukraine became the separating country between Russia and allies of NATO, near Europe, as well as the USA which all did their best to attract Ukraine to its international space. All these new changes established the new beginning of a new phase in the Russian strategies, that worked seriously to prevent Ukraine from joining the NATO. The process of the Russian political decision making repressed then by reshaping the Russian strategic goals, and regaining its role as a former superpower,reestablishing its international status in a multipolar world to be one of them.In order to reach objective results, the current study the Russian elements of power and its geopolitical importance and the extant of its influence on its internal and external policy. The study shows that what Russia enjoys of its location grants it a geopolitical importance, clarified through the geopolitical theories that stressed such a fortified location. In addition to the strategic depth that provided it with the ability to reinforced defense. The study also projected the manpower that distinguish Russia despite its suffering from the demographic challenge represented by the decline of population during the last decade of the twentieth century and first decade of the millennium. Despite of the later fact, Russia remained superior to its Asian and European neighboring countries in population except for China. Furthermore, the study points out the Russian economic power, represented by owning the power reserve such as oil and gas, as well as the distinguished pipeline net that extends to the European continent. That is in addition to a powerful and developed military industry, particularly those of military airplanes.The study sheds light on the Russian policy in Eastern Europe and its significance of this area in the geological theories, such as those of Mackinder, Speakman, Safarski, and then Bringenski. These focused on following the strategies before, during, and after the cold war, particularly within this area were these strategies developed with emerge of the new millennium, returning to the international role of Russia that it almost lost post the Soviet Union in 1991.The importance of the Peninsula of Crimea lies in the fact that it represents the main focus of this study due to its geopolitical significance in relation to Russia; since the issue of Crimea became one of most important issues for more than two decades. It was included within Ukraine after 1991, yet after Russia realized its mistake by the haste decision of boarder’s determination between Russia and the neighboring countries of the former Soviet Union, like Ukraine and particularly Crimea due to its important strategic location with the existence of the Russian fleet. The study also points out the significance of the location of Ukraine in relation to Russia as a separating country that can be a soft edge through which NATO, European Union and the USA can penetratetoward vital Russian military political and economic spaces. The study also puts forward a number of scenarios for the future of the area and the role of the Russian policy in it.
