Author name:
صادق عمير جلود الشويلي
Supervisor name:
مجيد مطشر العامر
Abstract:
The study shows that the political discourse of Imam Ali (peace be upon him), Suitable for Pragmatics study, because of the foundations of this linguistic theory, including the theory of speech, Conversational implicature, Contextual, and Intentionality, and influence on the recipient or address. The texts employed by Imam Ali in his political speech were quoted from the Holy Quran, the Prophet's Hadith, and the pre - Islamic poetry, In order to clarify the meaning and deepen the significance, and the aesthetic text, because of their importance in influencing the listeners. And his political speech (peace be upon him) is subject to the standard of the direct orientation of what is required by the conditions of communicative communication, and the acts of speech are determined in its direct and indirect direction towards the recipient through the institution in which it is performed, therefore, the metaphorical words that used in political discourse of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) Contributed to the coherence of the discourse on the level of Pragmatics , the created a kind of correspondence between the pronunciation of nicknames or allegorical pronunciation and what it suggests within the structure. This correspondence is what has achieved the interdependence between the parts of the discourse and then cohesion.We found out that deletions, introductions and delays, overall and detail, correspond, separation and connection, which the imam employed it in his political speech has added to the text a state of cohesion , that based on what the internal context of the text gave to the knowledge of the deleted vocabulary, or that have been made in the introduction or delay, total and detailed, corresponded, separated or connected, and its semantics within the discourse , depending on the external context, which is based primarily on the set of knowledge formats that received by the recipient by his experiences within the social interaction through language, which is the basis of our understanding of the speech. The concept of pragmatics and context is an important element in the Pragmatics study. Because of their active role in the reporting process, the speech acts that included in the statement are the central nucleus of the theory of speech acts. Sorrell was able to distinguish between direct illocutionary act and indirect illocutionary act, ad he explained that direct illocutionary act are those that match their performance with the goal of the speaker, tis means that what he says corresponds to what he means, and indirect illocutionary act, their strength in achievement is contrary to the speaker's goal. Imam Ali (peace be upon him)was able to achieve interact with the recipients by these illocutionary act, because what he says turns into actions with a social dimension and dimension that makes the recipient accept this speech and reach his mind and himself. His sentences are balanced and equal in the number of words, and they have rhyme, these things made his speech a kind of music and close to the recipient's sense, and make harmony between pronunciation and listening. At all levels of his speeches, if he violates the rules of dialogue or not , according to the efficiency of both the speaker and listener, because Imam Ali is intelligent, he understood the importance of the elements of speech when delivering the sermon, he used the arguments in his political speech, because it is the most successful method of persuasion, this is what proponents of Pragmatics theory want. His political speech is characterized by the power of giving the order as Caliph, and has been characterized by this method, and combines the poetic word and the reporting function with mandatory orders. The pragmatics comes to link the discourse with events and what will result from them. Understanding of the temporal and spatial circumstances surrounding the speech, as well as the knowledge of the political situation, facilitates the interpretation of the purpose of the meaning and significance of the discourse.Use Intertextuality from Holy Quran and Hadith, and Pre - Islamic Poetry in his discourse make it more visible. it made easier for the listener to understand the meaning of the discourse. And after applying Grays's theory (Conversational implicature) on his political speech, we see the pragmatics approach allows us to access the content of the text, through the explicit meaning and inexplicit meaning. Through our analysis of the conversational implicature in this discourse we see impact of the discourse on the souls of the recipient.
