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مؤشرات جزيئية حول مقاومة الزوائف الزنجارية المرتبطة بخمج المجاري البولية للمضادات الحيوية Molecular Markers Of Antibiotics Resistance Of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Associated With Urinary Tract Infections

اسم المؤلف: كريم عليوي حمادي سليمان
اسم المشرف: عامر رشيد النجار
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: الزوائف الزنجارية : وهي بكتريا سالبة لصيغة الكرام والمنتشرة بشكل واسع في البيئة مثل التربة والمياه. وهذه البكتريا تتسبب في كثير من الالتهابات مثل التهاب المجاري البولية والتهاب الحروق وهي بكتريا انتهازية. وتشكل تهديد لحياة المصابين بالمجاري البولية وخاص | Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a Gram |( - ve) bacteria, widely presents in the environment such as soil, water, its incubation period (1 - 3) days, generation time 1 - 2 hrs. This bacteria causes many infections such as (UTI), and burn infections. It is an opportunistic pathogen, life threating for immune compromised patients such as diabetic patients. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a nosocomial pathogen, and it is ranking the second among Gram ( - ve) hospitals acquiring pathogen. Its antibiotic resistance increased due to acquiring many antibiotics resistance genes. The spread of these genes among bacteria is via plasmids. Plasmid profiling of Ps. aeruginosa isolates by gel electrophoresis is a best technique for detection of plasmid content. Through this study, which was carried out in two main teaching hospitals, the diabetic center and private labs in Baghdad, during the period from January to October 2014. A total of (620) urine specimens were collected during (9) months. Urine specimens from inpatients were (420 / 620, 67.75%) and from out patients were (200 / 620, 32.25%). Urine specimens from Dialysis unit were (280 / 620, 45.1%) and from burn units were (140 / 620, 22.5%). The male represented (n = 334, 52.38%) while female were (n = 286, 46.20%). The positive cultures of urine samples obtained from hospitalized patients were (72 / 420, 17.1%) while for urine samples obtained from out patients (n = 40 / 200, 20%) were positive culture. A total of (112) positive culture out of (620) collected with (18.06%) percentage. A total of (30) bacterial isolates were tested by using disc diffusion method for susceptibility test forward to (15) antibiotics. Ps. aeruginosa isolates showed highest resistance to gentamicin (87.5%) while the lowest resistant toward meropenem, and imipenem with resistance percentage (16.7% and 8.0%) respectively.The occurrence of multi - drug resistance in (30) selected isolates were grouped as follows to (MDR) for those isolates which showed resistance to at least (3) antibiotics which was found to be (5 / 30, 6.6%). While (XDR) referred to those isolates which showed resistance to (4 - 5) antibiotics with (19 / 30, 63.3%). In related to (PDR) which referred to isolates that showed resistance to more than 5 with (6 / 30, 20%). The extracted plasmid DNA were resolved by gel electrophoresis for detection of plasmid content for (20) isolates including (10) isolates from inpatients, and (10) isolates from out patients. The selection of these isolates were grouped according to their antibiotic resistance pattern and the number of plasmids that they carried. The results showed that out of (20) there were (12 / 20, 60%) had no plasmid. While the remaining (8 / 20, 40%) had plasmids with different sizes and numbers. By using PCR technique the most common kinds of genes such as bla CTX - M, bla OXA, which encoded extended spectrum ? - lactamase (ESBLS) and those for metallo ? - lactamase such as bla IMP, were investigated with specific primers. Five isolates were selected depending on the numbers of plasmids which they carried and their resistance to antibiotics.

دراسة مؤشرات مناعية وبايوكيميائية مختارة لمرضى السكري النوع الثاني المصحوب وغير المصحوب باعتلال الكلى ذات الادرار قليل الزلال Study Of Selected Immunological And Biochemical Markers In Type 2 Diabetes With And Without Microalbuminuric Nephropathy

اسم المؤلف: علي ناصر محمد علي
اسم المشرف: عبد العظيم ياسين عبود البراك حازم عبد الرزاق عبد الوهاب
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) is a common complication of diabetic diseases occuring all over the world including Iraq. This type of microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus represents the most common reason of end stage renal disease (ESRD) in the world which considers the main reason for hemodialysis, kidney transplantation and death in developed countries. For this reason the assessment of some biomarkers as an early predicator before onset of microalbuminuria stage of diabetic nephropathy and the correlations between these biomarkers with microalbuminuria were carried out.This study was achieved at AL - Yarmouk Teaching Hospital and the Diabetes National Center /AL - Mustansiriyah University/Baghdad from January 2013 to September 2014. The study involved ninety individuals, twenty volunteers selected from the local community; apparently healthy (group I), 40 type 2 diabetics with normal urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) (<30 mg/g) (group II), and 30 type 2 diabetic patients with abnormal UACR (? 30 - 300 mg/g) (group III). Mean of diabetes duration (D.D.) in group II is about 4 years and in group III is about 8 years. The mean age for group I, II and III were 53, 55 and 58 years respectively. The concentration was measured of each microalbuminuria by turbidmeteric method, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) by using chronic kidney diseases - epidemiology equation, glycated heamoglobin (HbA1c) by using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), both fasting blood sugar (FBS) and creatinine (serum and urine) by using colorimeteric method, body weight by using body mass index (BMI) and all of IL - 18, IL - 12 IL - 4, IFN - ? and urinary vitamin binding protein (VDBP) by using ELISA method in three groups.The present study showed that there is inverse correlation between UACR and eGFR. The cause of this inverse correlation is that the decline in renal function of diabetics can be predicted accurately by using both UACR to show the increase in microalbuminuria while eGFR show a measure of the decrease in the ability of kidney for filtration.The difference of FBS mean between group I and II and group I and III was significant (P= 0.000 for both). The P - value between II and III groups was significant (P= 0.024). The difference of HbA1c mean between group I and II, group I and III and group II and III was significant (P=0. 000 for all). These results were expected as high HbA1c level is in consequence of high FBS. The difference of BMI mean between group I and II, group I and III and group II and III was not significant (P= 0.870, 0.885 and 0.968 respectively). Because the BMI levels were approximately constant in three groups. The difference of D.D. between group II and III was significant (P= 0.000).There was no significant correlation in group II between urinary albumin to creatinine ratio with each of diabetic duration, glycated haemoglobin, fasting blood sugar and body mass index (r=0.219 with P=0.244, r=0.039 with P=0.840, r=0.080 with P=0.673 and r= - 0.126 with P= 0.506 respectively); but there was positively significant correlation between urinary albumin to creatinine ratio with each diabetic duration, HbA1c and fasting blood sugar in group III (r=0.298 with P=0.043, r=0.869 with P=0.000 and r=0.518 with P=0.003 respectively) which may be due to the chronic nature of the disease in this group that require these risk factors to initiation; however, the correlation was non significant between UACR and BMI (r= - 0.127 with P=0.228) in group III.The difference of S.Cr. among I and II groups, I and III groups and II and III groups were not significant (P= 0.998, P= 0.331 and P= 0.145 respectively).The correlation was not significant in group II between serum creatinine with each of diabetic duration, glycated haemoglobin, fasting blood sugar and body mass index (r= - 0.140 with P=0.462, r= - 0.124 with P=0.515, r=0.168 with P=0.374 and r=0.007 with P= 0.969 respectively). Also, there was no significant correlation in group III between S. Cr. with each D.D., HbA1c, FBS and BMI (r=0.187 with P=0.077, r=0.109 with P=0.220 and r=0.175 with P=0.124 respectively). The reason of these results backs to that S. Cr. level is not increased as the podocytes remain intact in the diabetics with and without microalbuminuria.The difference of eGFR between group I and II was not significant (P= 0.303). The difference between group I and III and group II and III was significant (P= 0.001 and 0.010 respectively). The correlation was not significant in group II between eGFR with each of diabetic duration, glycated haemoglobin, fasting blood sugar and body mass index (r=0.121 with P=0.524, r= - 0.180 with P=0.341, r= - 0.310 with P=0.096 and r=0.021 with P= 0.911 respectively). Also, there was no a significant correlation in group III between eGFR with each diabetic duration, HbA1c, FBS and BMI (r= - 0.179 with P=0.07, r= - 0.188 with P=0.061, r= - 0.123 with P=0.388 and r= - 0.112 with P=0.557 respectively). The reason of these results back to that eGFR level is at the normal range in group II and slightly beneath the normal range in group III in consequence of the podocytes remain intact in the diabetics with and without microalbuminuria.The difference of urinary VDBP level between group I and II, group I and III and group II and III was significant (P= 0.000 for all). The correlation between urinary albumin to creatinine ratio levels and VDBP level (r=0.963) with P - value 0.000 which was positively significant in group III. The correlationbetween eGFR and VDBP was - 0.524 with P - value 0.003 which is inversely significant in group III. The reason of this inverse correlation may be similar to the reason of inverse correlation between eGFR and UACR, as the cubilin - megalin receptors are common receptors for albumin and vitamin D binding protein. Otherwise, the correlation between urinary VDBP and eGFR in the group I was a weak negative with non significant P - value (r= - 0.188, P=0. 428). The reason of this non significant correlation is that the cubilin - megalin receptors are not damaged by inflammatory process to elevate VDBP in urine; also the podocytes in glomeruli are intact from the damage by inflammatory process, so the eGFR was at the normal range in the control group.The correlation was a positive between HbA1c and VDBP levels in group II and group III (r=0.579, P=0. 001 and r=0.686, P=0.000 respectively). This positive correlation was explained on the basis that deterioration of sugar level control lead to increase the proinflammatory cytokines that damage cubilin - megalin receptors then VDBP increase in urine.The difference of serum IL - 18 level between group I and II, group I and III and group II and III was significant (P=0.000 for all).The correlation between urinary albumin to creatinine ratio and IL - 18 was 0.983 with P - value 0.000 which was positively significant in group III. This may back to damage the cubilin - megalin receptors by IL - 18 action that lead to increase of UACR in urine. In other words, the correlation between serum creatinine and serum IL - 18 in group III was not significant (r=0.041 with P= 0.830). This may back to that podocytes remain intact in this early stage of diabetic nephropathy. There is a significant positive correlation between serum IL - 18 levels and HbA1c levels in group II and group III (r=0.641, P=0.000 and r=0.721, P=0.000 respectively). These two positive correlations support the suggestion of choosing serum IL - 18 as an excellent biomarker for avoidance an early stage of the disease.The difference of IFN - ? levels between group I and group II, between group I and group III and between group II and group III were not significant as follows : (P=0.640, P=0.292 and P=0.522 respectively). The correlation between UACR and IFN - ? (r=0.047) with P - value 0.830 which was not significant in group III which means that IFN - ? is not a good biomarker for prediction of the microalbuminuria as an early stage of DN.The difference of IL - 12 level between group I and group II, between group I and group III and between group II and group III were not significant (0.884, 0.431 and 0.439) respectively. The correlation between UACR and IL - 12 (r=0.190) with P - value 0.314 which was not significant in group III.The difference of IL - 4 levels between group I and group II, between group I and group III and between group II and group III were not significant (0.943, 0.704 and 0.648 respectively). The correlation between UACR and IL - 4 (r=0.169) with P - value 0.371 which was not significant in group III.These results of IFN - ?, IL - 12 and IL - 4 might lead to conclude that both cytokines can’t be selected as a biomarker for an early detection of DN. Finally from the all presented data it can be concluded that IL - 18 and VDBP are considered more sensitive and more efficient than a classic diagnostic method (UACR and eGFR) for avoidance and detection the early stage of DN.

مميزات التحويرات المناعية للريسفراترول المستخلص من قشور العنب الاحمر على التهاب الكبد المحدث باستخدام ديكالاكتوزامين والذيفان المعوي نوع ب للمكورات العنقودية Immunmodulatory Properties Of Resveratrol Extracted From Skin Of Red Grape On Acute Liver Injury Induced By D - Galactoseamine And Staphylococcus Enterotoxin B

اسم المؤلف: صباح زيارة كاظم المالكي
اسم المشرف: عبد العظيم ياسين عبود البراك متزي نكاركاتي
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعتبر اصابة الكبد الحاد احد الامراض ذو الاعراض السريرية التي تتصف بارتشاح الخلايا اللمفية الى الكبد وتجمع السوائل وارتفاع انزايمات الكبد مثل ناقل امين الاسبارتات Aspartate aminotransferase(AST) في مصل الدم. هنالك الكثير من الاسباب التي تؤدي الى حدوث ضرر | Acute Liver Injury is a vital clinical syndrome characterized by infiltration of lymphocytes in the liver, fluid accumulation, and elevation of liver enzymes such as Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the serum. There are many causes of liver injury, but in this particular study Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B (SEB) was used to induce acute liver injury in mice, it is previously known that (SEB) it act as superantigen that bind with T cell receptor variable region beta chain (VB8), and MHC II of Antigen Presenting Cells (APCs), which leads to activation of T - cells, and huge secretion of pro - inflammatory cytokines, all of these events cause an acute liver injury lead to liver failure, and death. In the last few decades the importance of some natural products appeared, in which these botanicals have an anti - inflammatory properties. Resveratrol is one of these botanicals with an anti - inflammatory effects, which was used as treatment in this study.This study was particularly intended to study the influence of Resveratrol on acute liver injury induced by Staphylococcus Enterotoxin B, lead to liver failure which includes estimation of aspartate aminotransferase levels (AST), histopathological analysis, immune cell counts of liver and spleen, in addition, study whether resveratrol has the ability to cause immunological changes on different immune cells that lead to suppress acute liver injury by using flowcytometry technique,these cells are inflammatory cells carrying CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, NK1.1+ T cells, CD44+ T cells, and suppressive cells such as Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs), T regulatory cell (FOXP3), as anit - inflammatory markers. Furthermore evaluate the pro - inflammatory, and anti - inflammatory cytokines by using Bio - plex. Also to determine the molecular mechanism in which resveratrol can lead to induce changes in microRNAs (miRNAs) by microarray analysis. Finally validation (miRNAs) resulting from microarray analysis and genes of interest associated with these miRNAs by Real time polymearase chain reaction (RT - PCR).After sixteen hours blood samples were collected to determine AST levels in differents groups using Nanodrop, (Fisher - USA), after sixty hours animals sacrificing organs (liver, spleen) were collected afterward liver samples in 10% formalin were sent for histopathological study, liver immune cells were isolated for counts and molecular study (microarray analysis and quantitive (RT - PCR) total RNA was isolated from liver immune cells for microarray analysis then preparation of complementary Deoxyribonucleic acid (cDNA) by Reverse transcriptase PCR. Validation of the microarray analysis data was achieved by Real time PCR. Spleen immune cells were collected afterward for flowcytometric analysis of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, NK1.1+, CD44+ T cells, MDSCs, and T regulatory cells using cell surface staining and intra cellular staining.This study showed that Resveratrol oppose the effect of SEB induced acute liver injury through decrease AST concentrations (P< 0.0001). Also Resveratrol 50mg/Kg body weight led to cause reduction in the size of the spleen, compared to SEB+ Vehicle group. Histopathology study reported that resveratrol led to decrease of hepatic necrosis up to 10% in comparison to vehicle group with 60% of hepatic necrosis and decrease in the inflammatory response represented by immune cells as in liver immune cell counts which showed a significant decrease (P< 0.014) after 50mg/ Kg body weight of Resveratrol treatment. Spleen immune cell counts result reported a significant decrease (P<0.013) in the total cells when Resveratrol was used as treatment compared to disease group. Regarding to Flowcytometric analysis, it was found that Resveratrol significantly decrease the absolute count of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, NK1.1+, CD44+, Foxp3+ T cells in C57BL/6 mice (P< 0.0019, P< 0.001, P< 0.009, P< 0.002, P< 0.03, and P< 0.03 respectively). While MDSCs result reported significant increase with P< 0.01 in absolute cell counts after Resveratrol treatment. Depending on the Bio - plex data showed significant decrease in serum concentrations of inflammatory cytokines IL - 1?, IL - 1?, IL - 3, IL - 5, IL - 12p(40), IL - 12p(70), IL - 13, IFN?, MIP - 1?, MIP - 1?, KC and Rantes cytokines with significant P values (0.009, 0.004, 0.034, 0.004, 0.0009, 0.01, 0.0007, 0.009, 0.0037, 0.0001, 0.0035, 0.006 respectively), while anti - inflammatory cytokines IL - 6, IL - 10 and G - CSF c showed a significant increase in the serum concentration after Resveratrol treatment with a P values of, 0.012, 0.02 and 0.001 respectively. Microarray analysis results recognized 451 miRNAs with P< 0.05, according to fold change expression, 78 miRNAs have fold change greater than - 1.5 fold of expression in Resveratrol treatment group (downregulated), while 87 miRNAs have fold change greater than 1.5 fold of expression (upregulated). According to the ingenuity tools predicted target gene for some of these miRNAs by using miRNA.org database, the database showed that miR - 130a - 3p with - 2.28 fold expression have direct relation of binding with CSF1 gene, Real time PCR results confirmed the results obtained from microarray analysis, the result of miR - 130a - 3p showed a significant decrease of relative fold expression with P< 0.013, and Colony Stimulating Factor - 1 CSF1 (M - CSF) relative expression increased significantly after resveratrol treatment with P< 0.0001. From all of previous data, it can be concluded that Resveratrol can counteract acute liver injury induced by SEB, by decrease AST concentration. Resveratrol acts as an anti - inflammatory compound due to decrease of immune cell numbers, decrease of inflammatory markers, and increase of anti - inflammatory markers. miR - 130a - 3p with inflammatory properties downregulated after resveratrol treatment. Finally Resveratrol treatment increased relative fold expression of CSF1(M - CSF); gene which play a role in the MDSCs proliferation

دراسة معظم السمات المناعية وتحديد البكتريا الابرز في مرض التهاب السحايا باستعمال تقنية البي سي ار Study Some Immunological Aspects And Determination Of Most Prominent Bacteria In Meningitis Patients By Using Real Time Pcr

اسم المؤلف: شيماء عبد الرضا حميد
اسم المشرف: زينب فاضل عاشور دريد قاسم الشريف
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Meningitis, which is inflammation of the membranes that surround the brain and spinal cord and can occur at any age, it is caused by infectious microorganisms include (Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, and Parasites) and non infectious include (Drugs, Carcinoma and Inflammatory disorder), also requires early treatment with aggressive use of potent antimicrobials; otherwise the outcome almost ends fatally.The predominant causes of bacterial meningitis are streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) and Neisseria meningitides.This prospective study includes 40 cases of meningitis which have been admitted to the Baghdad Teaching Hospital and Child Welfare Teaching Hospital during the period from May to November/ 2014.The detection of meningitis causative agent were specified by using the standard biochemical and microbiological methods such as : Determination of protein and sugar in Cerebrospinal fluid, Differential and cell count, growth on Culture media and morphological appearance on Gram's stain.Confirmative tests were also done for identification of meningitis causative agent; these tests included Procalcitonin, IL - 6, CRP, D. Dimer. These confirmative tests have been crowned by PCR technique, by employing the detection of the bacterial gene.The DNA of bacteria was extracted from CSF of meningitis patients and detection the type of bacteria gene by using multiplex PCR technique that using primers to amplify each ply, bexA and ctrA gene.Out of 40 samples, 28 (70%) were identified as bacterial meningitis and 12 (30%) as viral meningitis, the result of PCR reaction revealed unmistakably that 20 (71.4%) of 28 were detected the bacteria (S. pneumonia, H. influenzaetype b and N. meningitides) as a causative agent, while there were no detectable infectious agents in the (40) control group included in this study.Viral meningitis patients showed the number of lymphocytes (31.92 cell/ mm3) and neutrophils (1.00 cell/ mm3), while the highest number of lymphocytes and neutrophils in bacterial meningitis caused by S. pneumoniae (77.08 cell/ mm3) , (28.86 cell/ mm3) respectively, so that there was significant difference between cells (lymphocyte and neutrophil) with study group at P value = 0.010, P value = 0.013 respectively. In microbiological examination 22.5% of patients group (40) showed positive result of culture and 7.5% showed positive result of gram stain.In biochemical tests, the detection of Cerebrospinal fluid's protein and glucose level was done. The level of protein concentrations in bacterial meningitis with S. pneumoniae (103.08 mg/l), H. influenzae (65.14 mg/l) and in other bacteria was (124.44 mg/l) which is higher than the protein concentration in viral meningitis (42.25 mg/l), and these results showed highly significant difference at (P=0.010). Results of glucose's level determination showed that there were no significant difference among the studied groups (P =0.2). Results of glucose's level determination showed the presence of non significant difference among the studied groups, (60.92 mg/dl), (43, 57 mg/ dl), (51.00 mg/dl), (41.50 mg/dl) consecutively appeared in bacterial, viral.Interleukin - 6 and Procalcitonin levels were diagnosed by Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay, while the plasma D. Dimer and erum C - Reactive protein was diagnosed by NaycoCard technique.The current results showed the presence of high concentration of IL - 6 among meningitis patients, high concentration of serum IL - 6 appeared in bacterial and viral meningitis (28.68 pg/ml) when compared with control group (2.194 pg/ml) (P =0.001), while CSF IL - 6 show high concentration in bothbacterial and viral meningitis but with no significant difference (579.24 pg/ml) (P =0.0001). The data of this study showed, there was correlation between IL - 6 levels and neutrophil in meningitis patients. Interleukin - 6 had significant correlation with neutrophil (P =0.009). While no significant correlation appeared between IL - 6 and Lymphocyte.Procalcitonin results showed high concentration in bacterial meningitis group compared with viral and control group with a highly significant differences (P =0.0001).The results of CRP shown no significant differences between bacterial and viral group, while the levels of D. Dimer appear significant differences in both groups when compared with control group.Current study indicated that PCR, Procalcitonin and D. Dimer played an important role in diagnosis of meningitis disease.

العلاقة بين مرض السكري المناعي الذاتي الكامن النمط الثاني للبالغين مع الخمج بالملوية البوابية Association Between Latent Autoimmune Diabetes Of Adults In Type Ii Dm With Helicobacter Pylori Infection

اسم المؤلف: سيف علي مكلف
اسم المشرف: عروبة خالد عباس مدين علي حسين
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) is a form of diabetes which is less recognized and underdiagnosed type of diabetes which appears to have characteristics of both type 1 (autoimmune in nature) and type 2 diabetes (adult age at onset).Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection has a worldwide distribution. The bacteria colonize more than half of the world population and consider the main cause of gastritis, peptic ulceration, gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric lymphoma. The host immune response is unable to clear the infection and may actually contribute to the associated pathogenesis, also the bacterial virulent factors had certain role in the pathogenicity of infection as it was stated by limited studies that the Cytotoxin associated gene A (CagA) protein and Vacuolating cytotoxin gene A (VacA) protein positive strains are possibly associated with severe infections.The present study was designed to find out the percent of LADA patients among group of type II Iraqi diabetic patients and the relation between LADA patients and H. pylori infection.The study was carried out on 350 type II patients attending the National Diabetes Center/ Al - Mustansirrhea University/ Baghdad Al - Yarmouk during the period May to October 2014 were recruited for this study. Diagnostic markers for LADA, namely, C - peptide levels by Radioimmunoassay and GAD autoantibodies by ELISA test were determined and other Various parameters such as, HbA1c levels, Anti - H.pylori IgG, Anti - CagA protein and Anti - VacA protein by ELISA test were evaluated and correlated with type 2 diabetes and 40 control, matched by age and gender were also included.57 patients of 350 of type II have low C - peptide level, from which, 40 patients have Anti - GAD65 positive and 17 patients have Anti - GAD65 negative.The percentage of LADA patients among type II diabetes was 11.4%.The mean serum levels of C - peptide of LADA patients, controls and type II diabetes (0.30 vs. 1.94 and 3.15ng/ml) were significantly lower in LADA patients as compared to controls and type II patients (p?0.05).Also the mean blood concentrations of HbA1c of LADA patients, type II and controls (8.5 vs. 7.5 and 5.2 %) were significantly higher in LADA patients as compared to type II patients and controls (p?0.05).The Higher frequency of anti - H. pylori IgG was in LADA patients when compared with patient's controls and healthy controls (59.6%, 21.3% and 19.1%) and the p - value (?0.05).In conclusion, Cytotoxic associated gene A protein (Cag A) protein is more frequency with H. pylori positive patients 36/47 (76.6%) indicate an important role of this virulence factor in the pathogenesis of H. pylori, so they could be considered as a good biomarker for discern the risk of developing serious gastroduodenal disease in the host, than Vacuolating cytotoxin A Protein (Vac A) which is less frequency than Cag A in H. pylori positive patients 16/47 (34%).

دراسة جزيئية للاصابات بفايروس الحليمي البشري وفايروس سرطان الغدد اللبنية البشري في المريضات المجراة لهن عملية استئصال الرحم الكامل Molecular Study Of Human Papilloma Virus And Human Mammary Tumor Virus Infections Of Patients With Total Hysterectomy

اسم المؤلف: سري ظافر داود العزيز
اسم المشرف: سعد حسن محمد علي بسام شهاب احمد
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Theoretically , the origin & mode of in - utero transmission of high risk Human PapillomaVirus (HR - HPV) types could be acquired hematogenously, by semen at fertilization or as asending infection in the genital tract. Viral Oncogenes E6 and E7 have ability to altered the Cyclin D1,p21 and p27 protein levels. Worldwide, Human Mammary Tumor Virus(HMTV) infection been described in hormonal responsive tissues.This research work is to study viruses in relaition to endometrial carcinoma in Iraqi patients.Materials and MethodsA retrospective study envolved seventy(70) cases (158 samples) of endometrial and cervical tissues collected from teaching laboratories in Medical City, Al - Yarmok Teaching Hospital and private laboratories related to the period from 2012 to 2014. Sections were made and subjected to chromogenic in - situ hybridization technique to detect the presence of High risk (HR) HPV 16/18 DNA and HMTV integrated DNA (provirus) and immunohistochemical technique to detect the presence of Cyclin D1,P21and P27.Results : The most commonly affected age group was ? 60 year 60.0% in malignant endometrial tumors, 40 - 49 years 36.0% in non - malignant endometrial tumors. Adenocarcinoma was the only histopathological type among endometrial cancer (100%) and the majority have well differentiated grade (90.0% ),and have (70%) T1b/IB stage.Hight risk HPV16/18 expression was detected 33.3% of malignant endometrial tumors, 20% in non - malignant endometrial tumors, andSUMMARY26.7% in control group. The higher rates of expression of HPV in cervical lesions was 40%.Most HPV16/18 infections revealed in both sites (cervix and endomertium) have Punctate DNA pattern.Cyclin D1 expression was mostly in 43.3% of malignant endometrial tumors and 33.3% was in cervical lesions. The significant correlation between Cyclin D1 expression and HR - HPV16/18 infection was reported only in malignant endometrial tumors groups. The highest P21 expression was 40.0% in malignant endometrial tumors and 44.0% in cervical lesions that reveals a significant association between p21 expression and HR - HPV16/18 infection. The highest rates of P27 expression were noticed among non - malignant endometrial tumors 24.0% and 32.0% in cervical lesions.While significant association of P27 expression with HR - HPV16/18 infection was only found in the cervical lesions among malignant endometrial tumors group.The distribution of integrated HMTV genome detected by Chromogenic in - situ hybridaztion (CISH) in the endometrial tissues was 16.7% in malignant endometrial tumor , 8% in non - malignant endometrial tumors, and 13.3% in the control tissues group while in the cervical lesions HMTV was detected in 13.3%. Significant correlations were found between HMTV infection and Cyclin D1 expression in the cervical lesions among malignant endometrial tumors group and p21 expression in the malignant endometrial tumors.ConclusionsHR - HPV16/18 may be associated with initiation of endometrial carcinogenesis events as well as play a role in the progression of such malignant tumors in addition ,these viruses could ascendingly be transmitted from lower part(cervix) to the upper part of the genital tractSUMMARY(endometrium) in some way or other.Cyclin D1 ,P21,and p27 could have sharing in early events of tumorgenesis in endometrial carcinoma and a significant correlations of Cyclin D1 ,p21& p27 expressions with HPV infection was observed among study group.Althought a relating low rates of HMTV infection were detected among different endometrial as well as cervical lesion in this Iraqi study,it might mark or shade alight in the way for further researches in this field to exposure more aspects of this newly studied virus among other hormonal dependent malignancy

دراسة التعبير المناعي النسيجي الكيميائي لبعض المعلمات المناعية في مختلف درجات سرطان البروستات Study The Immunohistochemical Expression Of Some Immunological Markers In Different Grades Of Prostate Cancer

اسم المؤلف: حسن هادي زريج
اسم المشرف: زينب فاضل عاشور وسن عبد الاله باقر
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy and the second leading cause of cancer related death among males worldwide. Prostate cancer developed in prostate , a gland that is located below the bladder and just in front of rectum.Inflammation is a fundamental physiological process that can arise in any tissue in response to traumatic, infectiousor autoimmune injury. Transforming growth factor beta one (TGF - ?I) is a potential regulator of prostate cancer cell growth that signals through a heteromeric complex composed of type I and type II receptors.TGF - ?R II is an important receptor , because TGF - ? bind to receptor II to initiate it's signaling, then receptor II recruits receptor I to initiate signal transduction. Interleukin - 17 (IL - 17) is a pro - inflammatory cytokine produced by T - helper 17 (Th17) cells contributes toboth the processes by playing a dual role in the antitumor immunity. On one hand, IL - 17 encourages an antitumor cytotoxic T cell response leading to tumor regression. On the other hand, by promoting angiogenesis and egress of tumor cells from the primary focus, so IL - 17 promotes tumor growth.This study was carried out to establish the correlation between expression of Transforming growth factor beta one(TGF - ?I), Transforming growth factor beta receptor one (TGF - ?RI) and Transforming growth factor beta receptor two (TGF - ?RII) and prostate cancer progression. Also to establish the role of IL - 17 in prostate cancer development.The study consisted of 16 patients with poorly differentiated malignancy (PDM) ,whose age ranged (48 - 89) years, with mean age of (71.2) years , and 25 patients with moderately differentiated malignancy(MDM) , whose age ranged (31 - 83) years , with mean age of (66.6) years , and 46 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) , whose age ranged (27 - 85) years , with mean age of (64.3) years. Allpatients were diagnosed surgically by consultant physicians in Baghdad hospital for specialist surgeries , Al - Yarmook teaching hospital ,as well as AL - Hilla teaching hospital , and 20 normal tissue sample taken from cadaver, whose age ranged (17 - 28) years , with mean age of (21.8) years , where chosen as a control group. The work was conducted in Iraqi center for cancer and medical genetic researches. The study were performed during the period from March 2014 to December 2014).Immunohistochemistry (IHC) technique was used to detect the level of expression of TGF - ?I , TGF - ?RI , TGF - ?RII and IL - 17 protein in tissues of patients and healthy control groups.The current study revealed that there was significant difference in mean levels of TGF - ?I protein expression between each of poorly and moderately differentiated malignancy compared with healthy control subjects with P - value of 0.001 , but there was no significant difference in mean level of TGF - ?Iprotein expression between benign prostatic hyperplasia and healthy control subjects with P - value of 0.398. Also there was no significant difference between poorly and moderately differentiated malignancy in mean level of TGF - ?I protein expression.TGF - ?R1 protein was expressed in 3 (18.7%) and 14 (56%) of poorly and moderately differentiated malignancy respectively , with weak immunostaining reaction was the most frequent score. There was significant difference in mean level of TGF - ?RI protein expression among all studied groups. TGF - ?RII protein was expressed in 6 (37.5%) and 22 (88%) of poorly and moderately differentiated malignancy respectively ,with weak immunostaining reaction was the most frequent score. There was significant difference in mean level of TGF - ?RII protein expression among all studied groups.IL - 17 immunohistochemical expression was detected in tissues of all studied groups , the results showed that moderate immunostaining reaction was the most frequent score among them. There was significant difference in mean levels of IL - 17 protein expression among all studied groups.We concluded that there was statistically significant association between the loss ofexpression of TGF - ?1 signaling receptors, especially TGF - ?RI, andincreasing grades of malignancy in prostate cancer. These resultssuggest a potential mechanism for prostate cancer cells toescape the growth inhibitory effect of TGF - ? and thus, leadingto a more malignant phenotype.

دراسة التنميط الجيني لفيروس الSEN في متبرعي الدم الاصحاء ومرضى الثلاسيميا المصابين وغير المصابين بفيروس التهاب الكبد نمط ج واهميته السريرية Genotypic Study Of SEN Virus In Healthy Blood Donors And Thalassemia Patients; With Or Without HCV Infection And Its Clinical Importance

اسم المؤلف: بشار منذر خزعل الزبيدي
اسم المشرف: اروى هادي الحمداني اشنا جمال فائق
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Blood transfusion is one of the most common routes of viral hepatitis transmission among population. There are several diseases need continuous blood transfusions to manage the patient's condition; one of these diseases is ?thalassemia, so these patients are at increased risk of infection with blood transfusion transmitted agents. SEN - Virus is a DNA virus which is associated with acute post - transfusion hepatitis and the prevalence with the clinical importance and also the genetic characterization are still much unknown in Iraq; therefore, this study was designed to investigate the occurrence and the clinical importance of SEN - virus infection in healthy blood donors and thalassemia patients with or without HCV infection and then the study of the genome sequencing and the phylogenetic analysis of SEN - V clones. One hundred and fifty eight thalassemia patients (57.6% male, 42.4% female), with mean age of 16.8±8.5 year, and one hundred and fifty healthy blood donors with randomly selected persons (58.7%male, 41.3% female), with mean age of 16.7±8.6 year. All these samples involved in this study that were conducted in the period between January to June 2015. SEN - V had been identified by DNA extraction, DNA amplification by nested conventional PCR and then Agarose gel electrophoresis amplified DNA bands detection; while HCV was identified by RNA extraction, RNA reverse transcription into complementary DNA, DNA amplification by nested conventional PCR and then Agarose gel electrophoresis amplified DNA bands detection. Liver transaminases (Aspartate Transaminase and Alanine Transaminase) were determined, in addition of measure of serum ferritin levels by VIDAS. SEN - V was detected in 68 out of 158 (43%) thalassemia patients and 16 out of 150 (10.7%) blood donors. HCV prevalence was (11.4%) in thalassemia patients. There was significant increase observed in the occurrence of SEN - V or HCV infection with age but there was no significant difference observed in the occurrence of both with gender. The most important (hepatotropic) SEN - V genotypes were SEN - V - D and SEN - V - H and there were patients infected with D genotype or H genotype alone, while there were patients co - infected with D and H. According to HCV and SEN - V co - infection status, patients and controls subdivided into six subgroups : subgroup I was thalassemia HCV RNA + and SENV DNA +, subgroup II was thalassemia HCV RNA + and SEN - V - , subgroup III was thalassemia HCV RNA - and SEN - V DNA +, subgroup IV was thalassemia HCV RNA - and SEN - V - , subgroup V was control SEN - V + and finally subgroup VI was control SEN - V - . Statistical analysis revealed that there was significant increase in AST and ALT levels in subgroup I when compared with the other subgroups - that showed the increasing relationship in the case of infection with both viruses - and there were no any significant differences in ferritin levels among these subgroups. Moreover, there were no significant differences between SEN - V - D, SEN - V - H and SEN - V - D and H co - infected samples in AST, ALT and ferritin among thalassemia patients and controls. The results from the study of gene sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of samples of amplified SEN - V - D and samples of amplified SEN - V - H DNA which were selected randomly from blood donors and thalassemia patients infected with D or H genotypes alone or together (co - infection), revealed that the most transmission route of SEN - V D and H was blood transfusion that is because there was (99%) gene similarity between blood donors and thalassemia patients, furthermore SEN - V - D or SEN - V - H sequences of the co - infected persons were the same sequences of D or H genotypes alone and with the observations of similarity with neighboring countries.

تقويم التعلم الموجة الذاتي للممارسات المختبرية المتعلقة باعطاء الدواء لطلبة كليات التمريض في جنوب العراق Evaluation of Students' Self - Directed Learning Laboratory Practices Related To Administration of Medication In Southern of Iraq Nursing Colleges

اسم المؤلف: حيدر علي حسين الوحيلي
اسم المشرف: نرمين بدري توفيق البارودي
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التمريض
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: المقدمة : الصعوبات التي تواجه تعليم التمريض تكمن في انتاج القوى العاملة التمريضية وهذا يتطلب رعاية الطلاب بالكفاءات اللازمة التي من شانها تسهيل انتقالهم من طلبة التمريض الى ممرضين كفوئين مؤهلين في وظيفتهم. حيث ان للتعلم الموجه الذاتي اهمية كبرى في تطوير ق | Background : The challenge in nursing education lies in the production of a nursing workforce. This requires nurturing the students with the necessary competencies that will facilitate their transition from nursing students to qualified staff nurses. Self - directed learning is of great importance to the professional development of nursing students. It enables them to expand the knowledge and enhance the quality of their practice. Nursing students must keep abreast of new information, current and emerging trends, medical technology and related scientific and professional publications to be able to function effectively in a constantly changing workplace. Self - directed learning helps nursing students remain flexible, open to change, current in practice skills, and at the same time it helps in the growth of the students’ confidence and professionalism. Objectives : The aim of the study is to evaluate the students' self - directed learning laboratory practices related to administration of medications procedures (Intramuscular injection, Intravenous injection and oral medication ). Methodology : Across sectional design was has been carried out at three colleges of nursing in the south of Iraq and used in the present study from 23th February 2015 to 15th May , 2015. To evaluate nursing students' self - directed learning in applying laboratory practices related to administration of medication in southern of Iraq. The present study was conducted in southern Iraq at three nursing colleges which included (Missan, Thi - Qar and Basra nursing college ). Purposive sample was selected which consist of (90) first year of nursing students( 45) male and (45) female and the sample contained (30) students from each college after the consent of the participants. The check - list consists of two parts, the first part is general information about the study sample of nursing students (4 items) and the second part is an ideal observation check list which includes (73) items including three procedure technique which consists of the intramuscular injection ( 25 )items, intravenous injection (28) items and oral medications (20) items that concerned with students self - directed learning laboratory practices technique. Each procedure has three steps of strategy technique (preparation , equipments and procedure ) which are considered important steps that must be performed by students. The items concerning students self - directed learning laboratory practices are rated on three levels likert scale; (satisfy , need more practice and unsatisfied ). Reliability of the evaluation check - list competency is determined through the use of check - list is based on Cronbach's practices. The instrument validity is determined through a panel of (15) experts.The present study are analyzed through the application of two statistical approaches. A descriptive statistical approach includes (frequency, percentage, Mean of score (M.S.) and standard deviation (SD) and an Inferential statistical approach includes (Chi - Square,t - test, ANOVA). Results : The result of the study indicate that the majority of the first nursing students' satisfaction in general have high level of the self - directed learning in laboratory practices. During application the result show that s (96.7%) intravenous , (93.3%) intramuscular and (88.9%) oral medications administration and also the study declared non significant relationship between self - directed - learning (students lab practice) and their demographic data. Recommendations : This study recommended that : . 1 - Introduce a policy and supportive plans to assist and encourage personnel of every nursing students to the colleges.2 - Extensively apply self - directed learning as a method of learning for their professional and self - development and develop visual aids for learning and set up comprehensive.3 - Update the sources of learning for example public library , the internet service, communications room and/or educational technology room. 4 - Facilitate suitable environment for nursing students in searching for information they need for learning and self - development. 5 - Every these recommendation addressed to ministry of higher education/ colleges of nursing.

الممثل بين منزلة الشخصية واختلاف الاداء في العرض المسرحي العراقي The Actor Between Personal Status And Performance Differences In The Iraqi Theatrical Presentation

اسم المؤلف: سلمان مزهر ديوان
اسم المشرف: عبد الكريم عبود كريم المالكي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: في هذا البحث استعان الباحث بالعلوم المجاورة لفن المسرح، فقد استعار من علم الاجتماع مصطلح (المنزلة الاجتماعية) واختلاف الدور لياخذ هذا المصطلح مديات واسعة على مستوى الشخصية المسرحية والاداء التمثيلي وفق المتغيرات السلوكية التي يوفرها متغير المنزلة، وقد جاء | The researcher has been used similar science for the Performing Arts in this research, it has borrowed from sociology term (social status) and the different role to take this term ranges and wide to play the personal level and performance analog according to behavioral variables provided by the status variable that has been said about this research (actor between personal status and differences in performance in the Iraqi theater performances) to get to know the reality of performance variables when the Iraqi theater actor through discovery of core of behavioral act for personal between its status and its role differences.The research is contains four chapters : the first of which included a systematic framework of the research problem and the need to Research based on the following question : How can recognize the different between the personal status and role? What are the ways to diagnose and performance, and how to be submitted by the Iraqi theater actor? Then the importance of research and its goal, which is determined to identify the difference between the status of the personal actor the performance and role in the Iraqi theater performances.The limits of Research spatial confined in the presentations of the capital Baghdad, theater, and temporal, which is determined in the eighties of the twentieth century, the objective limits, it focuses on the study of performance variables representative of status and personal role in the Iraqi theater, and then determine the terms, namely, (status and personal).The second chapter (theoretical framework) it contains three sections : Section I : (personal status between concept and engaging) and touched the researcher to clarify the concept of social status in sociology and then how he quit in human life. The second topic : (play between personal status and the different role), in which the researcher deliberately to dive into the world of the scripts, trying to investigate and demonstrate the different roles across arent social status of the character drama. And the third section : (performative method in personal status), which was addressed to the main performing methods in the art of representation variables (Stanislavski and Brecht and Mirjuld), as well as some other recent performance tests, to demonstrate the performance variables have changed as a result of Representative status.The third chapter (action research) has included the research community and to identify the sample felt that the researcher to be intentional selective, then search tool, and the research methodology and method.Finally, the sample was focused on analog performance for a number of Iraqi representatives in the following theater performances analysis : 1. His Excellency campus.2. good human.3. between the owner and owned Leaver lost and forsaken.4. Black and white.While the fourth quarter results included and discussed on the basis of what has been reached in the sample analysis, including : 1. Combining analog presentation performance to reach the performance difference according to the requirements of personal status and the different role change, as in the performance of actress (Salima Khudair) in the theater (wife of His Excellency). 2. Adoption of Representative on the idea of hiring a mask full membership (physical and moral) as a principle of behavior to reflect on and jurisprudence change their personal status, which moves in the performance of the personal to the other to enhance the difference in performance, as in the performance of the actor (Mahmoud Abu Abbas) in the theater (between the owner and owned lost Leaver and discarded).Then the conclusions that are related to the objective, recommendations, proposals and then a list of sources and references, and appendices.Finally, Abstract this research in English.

الاشكال والانواع الغنائية في الموسيقى العراقية Forms And Types of Singing In The Iraqi Music

اسم المؤلف: زينب صبحي عبد حسين البياتي
اسم المشرف: طارق حسون فريد
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون الموسيقية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تنوعت الاشكال والانواع الموسيقية والغنائية واختلفت وفقا لمعطيات مكانية وزمانية، ومن ثم فهي تبلورت بوصفها محصلة للعلاقة بين العناصر التي تكونت منها : اللحن والايقاع والتعدد الصوتي والطابع الصوتي والنص. وتضم الموسيقى الاشكال والانواع الغنائية بجانبيه | Musical and vocal forms are varied and differed according to spatial and temporal criteria. Forms have been crystallized because of the relationship between constituent elements such as melody, rhythm, harmony, tone colour and text. Music includes forms and types of systematic and popular folk singing. These forms have been changed and developed by time, and new forms were generated according to different cultural, social and artistic influences. Iraqi music is replete with many forms of singing; systematic, popular, secular and sacred. These forms can be divided geographically or in terms of demography. In addition, the overall circumstances and events, through the history of Iraq, have played a role in the crystallization of new and modern forms and types. Moreover, some forms are evolved from older forms that became richer and more complicated than the older version. Furthermore, there are different factors that affect the structure of musical forms and singing types, such as the cultural, social and economic factors. In fact, all that was innovated of singing forms is a true reflection of the reality of the Iraqi daily life and simulation of this life’s different conditions.Forms and types of singing had increased and developed faster than the musical instrumental forms, because the Iraqi musical culture preferred to practice singing forms in their ceremonies. However, unfortunately, these forms and types have never been collected, preserved, documented, archived or studied. Therefore, I have decided to study this topic. This research is important as it presents an academic study of the forms and types of singing in Iraq. In addition, it participates in preserving these valuable forms and types. Moreover, this thesis is the first study of such topic in the academic and musical field. Furthermore, this study will fill the gap in the Arabic musical library and will assist the researchers in this field of study. However, the purpose of this study is to define the structure of the singing forms and types in the Iraqi music. This study will cover the period from 1921 to 1941 in the city of Baghdad; it focuses on the Iraqi mundane forms and types of singing in the Arabic language.The second chapter includes the theoretical framework and the previous studies. The theoretical framework consists of four topics; the first is “the structure of the musical forms and types”, the second is “singing forms before and during the Islamic period”, the third is “music and singing in Baghdad from 1921 to 1941” and the fourth topic is “the analytical standards of the musical and vocal forms”. In the end of this chapter, the results of the theoretical framework were presented. The researcher did not find a previous study that dealt with the topic of this research.The research’s procedures are presented in the third chapter, where the researcher defines the methodology and the samples of the study. The entire sample consists of 112 songs and the randomly chosen samples are 24 songs, which are divided into a specific category according to its types or form. The main tool of collecting the required information was the “Interview technique”. The main tool of the analysis was a specific analytical standard, which was created, tested and applied on the selected samples by the researcher.The results, conclusions, recommendations, suggestions, list of resources, appendices and abstract of this study are presented in the fourth chapter.

اثر مجمع تعليمي في تحصيل طلبة قسم التربية الفنية في مادة فنون الاطفال The Effect of An Teaching Modul In The Students Achievement of The Department of Art Education In ' Children Arts' Subject

اسم المؤلف: سالم صدام حواس
اسم المشرف: فراس علي حسن الكناني
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يهدف البحث الحالي الى الكشف عن (اثر مجمع تعليمي في تحصيل طلبة قسم التربية الفنية في مادة فنون الاطفال)، ولغرض التحقق من هدف البحث تم صياغة الفرضية الصفرية الاتية : - ? لاتوجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين متوسط درجات المجموعة التجريبية (التي تدرس باستعمال ا | The current research aims to detect (the impact of an educational complex in the collection of the students in the Department of Art Education material kids arts), for the purpose of verification of the aim of the research was the formulation of the null hypothesis of the following : - There are no statistically significant differences between the average scores of the experimental group differences (taught using educational complex) and the control group (which is studying the method according to the lecture) Article kids arts at the level of significance (0.05) in the post - test knowledge. Identify current research using educational complex, the material prepared by the kids arts researcher by relying on the opinions of experts and literature own article, and was six educational topics. Limited sample of the research on students Phase II / Mustansiriya University / core / Department of Art Education / Faculty of Education, the morning of the study, was chosen as the research sample Qsidia, as the number of sample students reached (60) students, 30 of them in the experimental group and (30) in the control group, was keen researcher on equal groups in some of the variables that may have an impact on them of the variable (age, sex, educational attainment, previous experience) researcher has chosen experimental design for the two Pachtbarren me and after me. Promising researcher cognitive test has been achieved from the virtual honesty and sincerity content after his presentation to a group of experts in the field (teaching methods of art education and the Measurement and Evaluation). After collecting the data were processed statistically using after the end of the experiment (samples t - test t.test). Results of the experiment showed superiority of the experimental group which studied the way the educational complex on the control group, who studied in the usual way (the lecture) for the same substance, which led to the rejection of the hypothesis of the research. In light of the current search results researcher recommended a set of recommendations, including : Use of the educational complex in teaching the material. As a complement to this research, a development researcher has suggested several proposals, including : conducting similar studies to study the stages of study materials and other stages majoring in art education

الابعاد الاتصالية في بنية تصاميم المواقع الالكترونية Dimensional Communicative In Structure Designs Websites

اسم المؤلف: احمد ناجي علي سالم
اسم المشرف: انتصار رسمي موسى
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التصميم الطباعي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد المواقع الالكترونية من ابرز معالم التطور الذي شهدته صناعة الرسائل المرئية خلال السنوات الماضية والتي استثمرت جميع امكانيات وقدرات تكنولوجيا الحاسوب الالي وشبكات الاتصالات ومختلف التقنيات الرقمية المستخدمة في صناعة النشر الالكتروني, مما احدثة الكثير من | Is the websites of the most prominent features of the evolution of the industry messages visual and digital over the past years and which has invested all the possibilities and capabilities of computer technology, automation and communications networks and various digital technologies and electronic used in the manufacture of electronic publishing, which evolved in their design and structure of formal and functional for what it was in the past and have become owns many interactive technologies and a lot of media communication multi Loyalty to excellence in the provision of all services communicative diverse as an exchange e - mail and presentation of audio and video files, animations, text, images, and many of the capabilities and capacities of communication and other functional, and took advantage of these sites features the publishing industry - mail to the user is provided video messages and digital to compete with the means of communication and media other traditional such as newspapers and television stations and space, as characterized by methods designed processors modern technology to combine many of the stimuli and the ingredients visual and auditory in its Design and digital displays on the screen and find where all classes of informatics, to form the world of cultural, intellectual and media integrated and unlimited, and here researcher sees the need to address to study its design and communication and see how The role of the elements formative in achieving dimensional communicative different way communication comprehensive and integrated, so addressed researcher in this research, which included four chapters devoted the first chapter of which to view the research problem and its significance, which came Baltsaullac the following : (what - dimensional communication infrastructure in the design of websites and what the extent to which the design of the structure of these sites for the functional and aesthetic aspects in terms of graphic design and technical performance, and what is the relationship Elements of in the formation of structure and the nature of its design performance and speed browsed) Hence the importance of research, which came as follows : such benefit workers in the field of design and digital output of an optical means of modern technology that opens new horizons for design Graphic future and its contribution to the development of the work of these sites and the realities of technical and communication by providing scientific article based on scientific research studied to handle errors and develop a design and functionally, and also in a supplement branches of scientific knowledge - oriented interactive means of visual communication by digital technology. The aim of the research in (the detection and diagnosis of dimensional connectivity and functional in structure design for websites), either its borders has been identified objectively : the study of dimensions of communicative and functional structure (designs websites) The spatial boundaries he was in (page's main websites Iraqi Network international information (the Internet) and published in 2014 for being the period of time to conduct the study. It then came to identify the most important scientific terms, which came in the title search.The second chapter includes a theoretical framework and most previous studies of the relationship and the researcher who divided into three sections were as follows : First research 1 - (contact and electronic publishing in the websites). 2 (websites on the Internet (concept, origination, evolution). 3 (infrastructure design for websites (foundations, elements, components).Loyalty to the most important indicators that came out of the researcher and was a summary of the literature of spec ialization to contribute to the completion of the research and Sobriety scientific and methodological, and then came the third quarter, which was devoted to the Procedures search, which follow the researcher descriptive analytical approach to suit the objective with the goal of the study is through the selection of (8) Samples research and, deliberately, representing all Iraqi sites electronic on the Internet, either fourth chapter devoted to the display and discussion of results, conclusions and recommendations and proposals of theoretical and applied the researcher reached for a variety of scientific results based on the analysis of the samples, which serve the purpose of research and placed the most important of which include : 1 - Varying interest employing Activations communication in all its forms and types of external and internal in the design of the page header and try to distinguish them through the Post an some of the effects of technical and Manifesting explanatory upon which contributes to strengthening the role of communication in the process of interaction with the receiver and easily governed by the information inside and outside the site.2 - concern employing Activations communication in all its forms diverse body of the page and try the most prominent importance and functional connectivity in the design of the site and in terms of importance and functional connectivity within the page and their contribution effectively to enrich the process of interaction and communication between the page and its contents and components of the site and between the user and the process of sailing - mail it. 3 - Distinguish sites e - recruiting technology links and links activated Communicative all kinds of different as one of the structural elements and the core used in the design and work to be invested in the various parts of the pages of the site, particularly on the home page of them and take advantage of the effectiveness of technology in the service of the browser and liberal of the linear modes in the process of receiving and neglect employ other types of techniques such as active links and buttons still and moving images and video clips and flash in the design of the page header and body and characterized by a high capacity to attract attention and the visual excitement of the browser. 4 - lack of interest in investing techniques multimedia elements well in the design of all websites surveyed and the absence of an effective role in the process of communication and navigation and access to information published and which have an influential role in the increasing polarization of the optical and increase factors tensile strength and gravity of some of the elements on the page and Giving some fun and personality aesthetic therein. 5 - was hired material and textual information in all the pages of the websites researched and differing employed in terms of the types of fonts used, size and colors, Loyalty to the multiplicity of places to invest within the Home and distributed according to the function and performance of communication required With the addition of the diversity of the use of images and colors on the home page and employ mostly as links Soah activated commensurate with their function communicative and aesthetic within the page and display pages on the browser using the system (RGB) chromatography, which depends on the width of all colors that contain page through the rush of three electronics optical color red, green and blue towards the screen and complete the process of vision with the browser.6 - lack of interest in employing all the tools of interaction communication in Home Design for all websites surveyed, and was confined to utilize them on the investment tool e - mail communication and the neglect of the possibilities and techniques and other interactive tools provided by the environment connectivity and diverse Web sites, such as methods of participation and direct vote and arenas of dialogue and debate and mechanisms of the questionnaire the opinion polls, including a negative impact on the process of interaction for the browser. 7 - able researched some websites that check some dimensional connectivity required functionally and Contact means comprehensive communication has contributed to the nature of the communication techniques and tools used in the design of interactive Web sites effectively and significantly enhance the functional roles and communicative and interactive with the browser .The most important conclusions which they came researcher : 1 - contributes to the recruitment technique links active internal and external ones, and all the diverse forms of (icons and still images and animated texts and other communication mechanisms) in the structure of the site to promote and enrich the role of communication to the main page of the site and increase their interaction with the browser. 2 - link the success of Home Design and functionally Communicative interest designer employing Activations communicative diverse in the body of the page and try to highlight their importance communicative and interactive on - site and distributed according to the function and importance of communication with and work on distinguishable from surrounding elements by using one influences electronic and design available. 3 - that the increased interest in employing multimedia such as audio and video clips, animations and other effects flash the other has positive effects on all the functions of the communicative and aesthetic of the website and increase the effectiveness of the performing and design for the process of receiving and fun browsing and contribute to enrich the role of communication and information for the page and to facilitate the process of the transfer of information and integration of the recipient. 4 - contributes to the use of images in all its forms and types, different as one of the elements Graphic key in the design of the structure of the site to promote and strengthen the features of the communicative and interactive and expressive of the page for having some of the functions of expression and reference to topics posted and increase the interest of the browser out and stir up attention and interaction psychological with it. 5 - contribution textual information and Calligraphy to do many of the functions of communication and design and symbolism within the site by employing objective and in terms of information and its impact morphologically and aesthetically pleasing in its design and by way of distribution and employ communication and technical inside it, according to its effectiveness performing and character of the visual for the browser. 6 - provides the use of the system (RGB) color - many of the possibilities of color and visual multi - which may reach to show hundreds of hues and more for each color user Loyalty to his contribution to the effective and influential role in the completion of all events of design and functional in the space of the page and performance design for its formal and technical. 7 - to employ tools to interact communication different, such as the use of e - mail and opinion polls and lines of chat and voting mechanisms within the structure of the design of the web site, particularly on the home page it is one of the reasons the task of enriching and integrating function connectivity of the site and increase its ability to do many of the events and activities communicative multiple which contribute to strengthening ties with communicative browser. 8 - is linked to the achievement of dimensional connectivity of different websites successfully its design and functionally and aesthetically and exploit the advantages of its environment and digital electronic and informatics technically and employ all of its elements and components design of various forms, text, images, multimedia and assorted colors for the benefit of her job design and tools of communication and interactive multi - and highlighting its vital role in The browser needs to achieve his ambitions to meet the different communicative.The researcher also recommended the following : 1 - need to pay attention employing all kinds of links and links activated Communicative and two types of external and internal in all parts of the home page and intensify their use in areas of vital and relevant visual interest, such as the head, neck, and upper parts and the side of the page. 2 - need to pay attention employ multimedia technologies of various kinds within the site's home page and in parts of the mission and the vital and design of them and especially to work on the maximum benefit from the advantages of communication and design to strengthen the multi - functionality and interactive and aesthetic of the site. 3 - interest in employing elements Calligraphy and Graphic inside page and the need to use a design and formally and technically consistent with the nature of the performing and communicative and interactive. 4 - adaptation of all technical possibilities and connectivity offered by the digital environment and technological websites in order to invest and employ various kinds of interactive tools, service and communication with the browser and the increased attention Development work inside Home in particular, and the rest of the parts of the site generally and attention to the nature of the trends connectivity of the web site and work to employ all the possibilities The features and capabilities possessed by the structure design and communication sites in order to achieve the goals and dimensional connectivity and functionality required to do so.As suggested by some studies, the researcher conducting complementary research and Modouh including : 1 - purine body structure designs websites and their role in achieving dimensional connectivity. 2 - recruit in the development of multimedia performance communication infrastructure in the design of websites 3 - Use the abilities of the visual effects in enhancing the communicative functions of the structure to design Web sites. Loyalty to the researcher to provide some suggestions and Applied Post an deems scientific and complementary to the research topic.

توافقات الانساق الصوتية والحركية لاداء الممثل في عروض مسرح الطفل العراقية The Consensuses of Acoustic And Kinetic Formats To Perform Actor In Iraqi Child Theater Offers

اسم المؤلف: محمد كاظم محمد الساعدي
اسم المشرف: مصطفى تركي السالم
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: عبر تجربة عالمية ثرية امتدت لاكثر من قرن قدمت فيها العديد من الاعمال المسرحية الخاصة بالطفل، ادرك المتخصصون في شؤون الطفولة الاهمية التربوية الكبيرة التي ينطوي عليها هذا المسرح الجديد في مجال التربية وتنمية قدرات الاطفال، لم يعد الاهتمام بمسرح الطفل يت | Through its universal rich experience spanning more than a century in which provided many of the theatrical works for children , and as specialists realize the great childhood educational importance involved in this new stage in the field of education and development of children's capacities Affairs, attention is no longer the scene of the child is determined by being room entertainment bring entertainment and fun, but also one of the most influential and important areas of education, the theater contributes an active and influential in the development and preparation of the child through the development of abilities and behavioral and mental health, and the role of education is no less important and influential for other educational institutions (school) or for the family through educational and cultural influential, which is characterized by the theater (as offers them the values and ideas in the mold of the thrill and excitement), and which takes into account their abilities (mental, psychological, and linguistic). Children's theater has a Privacy of unique, where addressing their minds through the its experience simple and imagination runaway in the magic of globalization, if taken into account the technical requirements that make the theater a way designed to supplement the child try new experiences (both theatrical presentation is a new life of various humanitarian and experience) as The theatrical presentation directed to the child structure, must be based on the most important requirements to communicate with the child and two elemental thrill and excitement, they are not linked properly, but also the manner in which drafted the shape to be enhanced and supportive intellectual content which tightens the theater, to submit it to the receiver (the child) as orally the final, as is done by activating his thinking and also stir the imagination in globalization magic including offers to him from different levels (movement, sound, performance in general), by an actor who is considered the most effective in children's theater power, whether through his body (body language ), or voice / dialogue (words spoken), as it is based performance of the actor in the theater on the acoustic and kinetic performance system, using them to transmit messages of verbal and non - verbal in the theater, as one influential artistic elements in the child, which makes theatrical event theater possible, audio and visual impacts, for the two most influential tighten their attention process to visual theatrical narrative children's theater, it is that the two systems of technical elements influencing, controlling the theatrical form, whether in strengthening the theatrical text sounds impressive, or smooth performance with the combined elements other theater, which engages in the provision of creative achievements, which is designed to supplement the emotional and intellectual experience simple acts of a play dealing with the court and professional manner, the issues that are the focus of their attention, and that will provide them with entertainment, entertainment and knowledge.To the attention of the researcher in children's theater and performances made in Iraq, and the follow - up to her, it was noted that there is a great disparity in the performances of actors in that showcase the characters, and that there is a special diligent in the provisions of the relationship between the acoustic and kinetic patterns, which the child may lose its ability to realize the implications of the dramatic situations and thus the whole show, and found that this phenomenon requires then stop, and search.And where he found no previous researchers to address this set, it was found the need to adopt a theme and the formulation of his research in : (The Consensuses of Acoustic And Kinetic Formats To Perform Actor In Iraqi Child Theater Offers) to identify the Consensuses of those patterns in the performance of the actor, the first rack and the base in semantics Display Drama directed to the child.To achieve this goal the Department of Research into chapters : The Researcher dealt with in the first chapter (methodological framework), the research problem and the need for it, the importance of research, research objectives, the limits of the search, specify terms (consensus, pattern, children's theater) and procedurally defined.Chapter II took three research has formed (theoretical framework), which are as follows : - 1. Search I : acoustic performance of a representative system, and the characteristics of the child actors in the theater presentations.2. Search II : kinetic performance of the representative system components, and their importance in children's theater presentations.3. Search III : the relationship between the audio system and the motor system of the child actor in theater presentations.• Previous studies have approached the subject of research.The researcher concluded that the core indicators through a tour of the theoretical framework as it is divided into three levels, as follows : - 1. Voice level in the performance of the actor.2. Kinetic level In the performance of the actor.3. The relationship between voice and kinetic level in the performance of the actor.Chapter III dealt with the procedures of scientific research and of, research methodology, and research methods and tools, his research community, the method of selecting the sample, where the researcher was adopted (how simple random) in the selection of research samples, as a representative of his research community and across the scientific method systematically, has been represented by choosing the main character in the following presentations : - 1. the play (Access 2005).2. the play (Asia go to school), 2007.3. the play (for the lost pearl 2008).The researcher has the following units of analysis relied on according to what is stated in the theoretical framework : - indicators1. voice actor in the performance level, across the sound elements (definition, Botfly, toning, stop, audio layer, the intensity of the sound)2. locomotor performance level in Representative (the gesture, positional movement, transitional movement).3. The relationship between the voice and representative of the performance of the motor.At the end of the third quarter, was presented a summary of the research results reached by the researcher through the analysis of samples.The fourth chapter, has included a presentation to discuss the research findings (researcher), through the research goals, which came out of her conclusions that represent complementary answers to the research objectives.1. contribute to the audio system, the integration of the internal components, significantly in the formation of meanings and diversity, which produces own voice through the development of performance capacity, to achieve the delivery of meaning clearly to the recipient (the child).2. Kinetic system an effective contribution to draw a picture of the event or idea at hand, in the theater, across the locomotor performance personal adopted in theatrical presentation directed to children.3. coalition system kinetic and acoustic according synchronous format, gives high semantic energy, produces aesthetic and graphical elements, check the thrill and influence at the receiver (the child).4. connotations that building process requires some situations (nominally difference) between the spoken language and motor performance, as the signifier consensus, may be achieved through the differences and not uniformity, and so in some situations.Also identified (researcher) the most important recommendations, in addition to the proposals, a complement to the subject of his research, as chapter contains a list of sources and references Arabic, in addition to periodicals and magazines, letters, thesis, interviews and supplements and abstract in English

التداخل النغمي بين اداء الممثل والمؤثر الموسيقي في عروض المسرح الاحتفالي العراقي Overlap Tonal Between The Performance of Actor And Musical Influence In Iraqi Festive Theater Performances

اسم المؤلف: عمر ضياء الدين محمد حسن القيسي
اسم المشرف: زهير كاظم علوان الشمري
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Music primitive imitated in rituals and rites of the first man, which grafted in tunes that were performed by the end of symmetry, sound effects emitted by nature, there is a voice ravaged spear and storms and thunder and the sounds of wild animals, as imitated Neanderthal rhythms of those voices with musical instruments primitive to reach industry to imitate the sound of the wind whistling blowing plants or drums to appease those phenomena that can not interpret and prevention of evils magical rituals accompanied by playing music. The environmental which found the Neanderthal was the cradle first kicks from the music to the ranges can not be the one to give up the end of her or draw her limits virtual end then its capabilities, in a journey through history has provided music are numerous examples revealed features a clear picture of the human journey Creative Throughout history, representing unchanged if the historical evidence other transformations experienced by mankind through the stages of civilization and different cultures, ranging from the simulation of primitive man to the sounds of nature to the music that plays when establishing rituals, whether in the celebrations of the pagan or holidays, which was held in the ancient civilizations..... Until the present day, is still music, perpetual motion and the search for new causes and adversity, this effect creative crannies to the theater, which will enter the areas of the creative experience inspired by music in its realization, that the pace of change in the present proceeding at a rapid pace, there are many variables, whether in test subjects or processors artistic form of theater, as devoted subjects of everyday life that affect ordinary people more than one interest in mythology, the legendary that prevailed in the Greek theater epic, which paved the way for the emergence of a more daring to ask and address the technical and music was one of the technical elements affecting the aesthetics of theater, whether accompanied by an influence Sonic traditional theatrical performances or other theatrical experiences that aim to provide a new concept of life and the existence of humanity and the problems of the contemporary theater foliate man who took the ceremonial space of this research, The change creative is the image transformation, which seeks to perfection, the musical influences in the theater will be, the signs can be interpreted, as signals to transmit to the meanings and dimension aesthetically tightens the cohesion and strength of the effects of theatrical performances that hired a professional manner realize its mission creative, so came this research titled (Overlap Tonal Between The Performance of Actor And Musical Influence In Iraqi Festive Theatrical Performances).The researcher has divided the subject into four chapters : Chapter I (systematic framework) which includes a research problem and the need for him, the importance of research, the goals of the research, the limits of the search, specify terms, and defined procedural. Chapter II (theoretical framework), which included three Research are : - Research I : (Overlap Tonal Between The Performance of Actor And Musical Influence in Iraqi Festive Theatrical Performances), Research II : (The relationship between acting performance and musician influential in musical performance) and Research III : (Methods of Performance In The Festive Theater), and created by the theoretical framework of indicators adopted by the researcher in analysis of the research sample. Chapter III : ensure procedures and analysis of research from the elected (Iraqi ceremonial performances). Chapter IV : Summary guarantee results and conclusions discussed and reached through the analysis, which has been linked to the objectives of the research. And the mother of results with respect to the effects of tonal overlap in theatrical performances, so the impact of psychological (emotional) practiced by the great musical influences that accompany the appropriate theatrical performances and add aesthetic and artistic dimension which allows Offers theater, to be creative act. It also included a chapter on the proposals and recommendations of the researcher and a list of references and sources, and a summary of research in the English language.

برنامج تدريبي لاكساب طلبة قسم التربية الفنية مهارات صناعة واستحدام الاقنعة المسرحية A Training Program For Students of Artistic Education Department To Acquire Skills Industry And Using of Play Masks

اسم المؤلف: سروه مالك رسول سلمان الزركوشي
اسم المشرف: حسين علي هارف
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Scientific developments and new technologies in the fields of life of all in general, and the field of education in particular came to the emergence of changes in construction education and teaching methods to the new formulas fit in its entirety with a renewed era, as the university is one of the educational institutions that play a major role in the life of society , achieve required educational goals, being dealt with and develop appropriate solutions to the student, and rehabilitation after graduation.Moreover that the objectives of the instructional design process is focused on the learner, which is the hub of the educational process and the creation of new methods and ideal for training and helping the learner to learn the easiest results, according to the modalities and methods of modern. Perhaps the most prominent were the training program at the College of Fine Arts, so is the Department of Art Education, one of the scientific departments, which aims to rehabilitate the student in accordance with the standards required and to be in a capacity and efficiency in the teaching of this article after their move to the other phase.The Department of Artistic Education curriculum - represented by the (school theater, child theater , play techniques and handicrafts ) which often rely on visual methods and be meaningful, whether directly or indirectly to the recipient. Accordingly and from here there was a real need to give the students of the department of art education, skills and cognitive performance and expertise needed in masks theater and uses industry through designed training program for this purpose that makes the students able to produce a theatricalmask commensurate with the nature of the personal and the requirements posed on stage as well as how to use it.Since the mask theater is a stable and visible way does not mean anything without the actor owns (the student) skill properly handled in educational situations or scenes offer, so the objectives of the current research are to achieve the following points : - ? Construction of a training program to give students of department of artistic education skills and the methods and way to use play - making masks.? Measure the effectiveness of the program in both dimensions ; knowledge and skills. The society of the current research is the students of department of artistic education / College of Fine Arts / University of Wasit / with a total number of (114) students, who have been selected randomly from the third stage students who were (23) students, whom the represented the amount of (20%) of the original research society. The training program which that applied was prepared according to the sample or a form of task analysis for (Charles Regelyot) on one experimental group, as used with a minimum of settings experimental design to measure the effectiveness of the training program in masks theater industry and how it is used, and to achieve this , two instruments have been designed : ? Achievement of collecting ( cognitive ) test to measure the acquisition of the targeted group of the foundations of knowledge in the industry and the use of theatrical masks.? Achievement collecting test (skills) to measure the extent of which the targeted group acquired artistic skills in the industry and the use of masks during the four evaluation tools (Note) have been designed by the researcher for thispurpose. Both instruments of the research along with the related evaluated instrument have been subjected to the terms of honesty , alignment and stability for the purpose of making them codified tools have appropriate psychometric characteristics and that can be adopted later in similar or complementary experimental research for the current search later. The researcher used a number of statistical methods to show the search results which represented by the most important equation of (Wilcoxon ) to investigate the results of the two collecting tests grades knowledge ( cognitive ) and skills, the equations of difficulty coefficient , discrimination paragraphs achievement test of collecting knowledge, objectivity, and the coefficient of correlation (Point Baiserial) to calculate the correlation between the degree of paragraph and the total degree of testing to verify the veracity of the substantive paragraphs in cognitive collecting test and the coefficient of correlation (Pearson) to calculate the correlation between the degree of paragraph and total score for the test to check the veracity of the paragraphs relating to the first question in the achievement test of knowledge, and to calculate the achievement test cognitive constancy as the researcher used equation of (alpha - Cronbach).The equation (Pearson correlation coefficient) is used to find the stability of skill performance evaluation in industry and the use of masks theatrical tools. The most important results reached by the current research are : 1. Efficiency of the experimental group in the post - test on their answers to the paragraphs of the achievement test of knowledge in the industry and the use of play masks, their grades in the pre - test, which confirms the effectiveness of the training program, among other things of cognitive foundations related to the skills of industry and the use of masks play an organizational contexts, as well as the nature of the educational activities and events designed to accommodate the content of the prepared training program.As well as sequenced relay procedural according to the model of education adopted in the (task analysis), which helped to sequence and coherence of the cognitive aspects with teaching aids, therefore ;understanding and improvement in the better collection of knowledge.2. The efficiency of the experimental group (which is trained according to the stages of the prepared training program in accordance with the sample analyzing the tasks about their responses to paragraphs achievement test the collecting skill in the industry and the use of play masks with respect to the four artistic skills) in the post - test, Based on the results ,the researcher recommended the following : 1. Benefit from the training program and the adoption of pre - development centers in the Ministry of Higher Education& Scientific research through the establishment of training and qualifying courses for the students of Department of Artistic Education. 2. Work on the preparing of supplies and materials for teaching artistic skills to rule the school theater in particular, and theatrical techniques in general, and in particular industry and the use of theatrical masks, being involved in the process of preparing students in the Department of Art Education for the teachingprofession for the next stage. 3. Holding a special annual festival art of mask theater with the participation of students, which is to provide models of theatrical masks, which deals with materials , raw materials and the different topics and formats that go into the theater. 4. Preparing specialized technical staff in the field of industry and the use of play masks takes into consideration to implement what suits their designs for masks according to modern methods, so as to ensure the development of artistic skills and its continuity, and finally lead to manufacture masks compatible with the outfit with physical actor configurations and without creating trouble or damage for the actor who used these masks.The researcher suggested conducting the following tworesearches : - 1. Training program to let the national team of actors to get skillfulness in the art of stage mask industry and use it in the shows of child theatre.2. - Artistic and dramatic employment of theatrical mask in school - theatre shows.At the end of the research , the researcher presented a list of Arabic and English references

تاريخ الة العود في العصر العباسي The History of Oud In The Abbasid Period

اسم المؤلف: حيدر زامل حسين هاشم
اسم المشرف: احمد جهاد خلف البدر
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون الموسيقية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تتكون هذه الرسالة من خمسة فصول. وابرز ما اشتمل عليه الفصل الاول (الاطار المنهجي) هو مشكلة البحث والهدف منه والذي يلخصهما السؤال الاتي (ما هو تاريخ الة العود في العصر العباسي بجوانبها الفنية المتنوعة). ثم اظهر الباحث اهمية وحدود بحثه. اما الفصل الثاني (ال | This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter is the methodological framework of the study, which includes the research problem and the purpose of the study, which summarized by by the following question : What is the history of the Oud and its multiple artistic aspects in the Abbasid period. In addition, this chapter explains the significance and the boundaries of the study.The second chapter (theoretical framework) has dealt with the political history and social affairs of the Abbasid period. Additionally, the Artistic activism and the prominent role of music and singing were discussed.In the third chapter, the procedures of this research have been identified, and the historical descriptive approach was adopted.In the fourth chapter, the achievements of nine of the most prominent Abbasid scientists, who have studied the Oud, were discussed. In addition, ten musical relics were reviewed, which reflected another aspect of the history of the Oud. This chapter also, reviewed the most prominent figures who dealt with the Oud particularly in the Abbasid period.The fifth and final chapter was devoted to discuss the results of the study. Among the most prominent results was that Al - Kindi was the first to describe the making of the Oud in the Abbasid period. The numbers of frets strings were four, and later another string was added during the time of Al - Armawi. The tuning was set according to the perfect fourth distance between the strings. The names of the four strings are (Al - Bum, Al - Methleth, Al - Methna, and Al - Zeer). These names have a contemporary versions, (Al - Aushayran a, Al - Dogah d1, Al - Newa g1, and Al - Kirdan c2).The instrumentalists in the Abbasid period have used the position technique in the Oud. In addition, there are many musical terms used in the Abbasid period, which are still used nowadays. Then, several conclusions were discussed, set of recommendations and proposals were presented, and were followed by a list of sources and references.

الانتقائية في تصاميم الفضاءات الداخلية لفنادق الدرجة الممتازة Selectivity In Designs Interiol Spaces For Super Deluxe Hotels

اسم المؤلف: احمد علي هاشم
اسم المشرف: بدريا محمد حسن فرج
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التصميم الداخلي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: من المؤكد ان التصميم الداخلي كفن وظيفي يبدا بالتلقي وينتهي بالاستخدام، ان عناصر الشكل ونظام العلاقات المكونة له تاتي من خلال عملية انتقائية قصدية يعتمد فيها المصمم اسس عامة تنطلق من المستخدم والوظيفة، بانطباعات الاول (الواقعية والخيالية) واعتبارات الثاني | Sure, Interior shroud career starts Baltgay and end use, that the elements of shape and system constituent relations come through a selective process deliberate the designer depends general grounds runs from the user and function, first impressions (realism and fantasy) and the second considerations (aesthetic expressive and usability), and embodied in place to return to the user in a process of dial ogue and reactions to this vocabulary purified, the researcher finds that lack a manner agreed between the service requirements in the receive and use spaces in the country Hotels excellent degree. Therefore felt researcher choose the title purely marked : ((selectivity in the designs of the interior spaces of first class hotels)) which is an analytical and directical study on the formal manifestation of the principles and elements of interior spaces in the premium - class hotels for each of Baghdad, Erbil and Basra systems. It sheds light on the selection of the foundations of relations and elements of the appropriate form in the designs of these spaces to serve the function and beauty requirements. Circumscribed Bmchklth in detecting deposits selection designer purified vocabulary that effectively design adequate to the requirements of public service in the provision of physical and moral comfort. And it came Search including four chapters, the first chapter consisted of the research problem and its significance, objectives and limits, and then determine the terms.Upon that, the study includes four chapters. The first included the problem of the study, and its importance which lies in the following : 1. Making use of the knowledge and the information for the specialists in the field or the close fields like the parallel colleges like the college of engineering in the Iraqi universities and the scholars and those specialized and familiar to acquire information in that field for the service of our beloved country (Iraq).2. Making use by the official governmental and non - governmental directorates like the ministries of Habitations and Construction, Planning, Foreign Affairs, Archaeology, Culture , Higher Education and Scientific Research and the related offices. 3. The process of selection of the designing items for the main spaces which concern the visiting users and contribute to fulfill the comfort.4. The importance is manifested in studying the special and private spaces, bedroom entrances, passages and the resting spaces, food wards for clients, in their directors in these hotels in and aesthetic pleasure, in addition to other spaces like the theatres and meeting halls.The current study aims at revealing the items selected from the formative elements in their relationship with the nature of the performance of the function and the aesthetic and the nature of its users, and putting designing suggestions. - The Thematic Limit of the Study : The study of the theme of selectivity in the design of internal spaces. - The Spatial Limits : The Super Deluxe hotels in the middle and northern Iraq, represented in the two hotels of Al - Rasheed and Ishtar in Baghdad and the two hotels of Irbil International Hotel and Royall Hotel in the city Irbil and Al - Basrah International Hotel in city. - The Time Limits : the time limit is from 2003 - 2014 for the tourist openness which Iraqi has witnessed after the event 2003, and then the term definition. The second chapter dealt with the theoretical framework and previous studies, as the researcher did not find the study are directly related to the current study. And ensure that the theoretical framework three sections, the first section dealt with (the selection and Alantqa?ah - fundamentals and vocabulary), the concept of this convention as a field theoretical level and as a verb in the choice of vocabulary design and the forces acting upon launch. While the second section titled (Interior and priority considerations in functional spaces excellent hotels) dealt with the concept of interior design as a field applied in these hotels and the foundations of the backs formal public functions and role between the receive and use. The third section dealt with the (structural system design and relations), structural system between the design, construction, material and techniques backs finished exceptional space frames in public office put it. Then extracted from this chapter indicators set based upon the analysis of selected samples. The third chapter consisted of field research procedures, as defined methodology descriptive approach (case study), and the research community and the samples selected, represented by (5) Samples And 45% of the research community's (11) Hotel, search tool and an observation form and form to determine axes analysis was then ratified by the tool, and finally describe and analyze samples. The fourth chapter has put search field, conclusions and recommendations, and the results of the proposals, and the beneficiaries from this research , and the scientific resources. The most important results can be summarized as follows : 1. Most of the spaces marked by the selection of hotels formal elements and color contracts represented only a semi - circular curved and pointed decades in one of them a sample and a black and gold colors of the cultural heritage in the absence of raw materials that mimic these Selections, and a renewed vision of the future. The other came in the spirit of contemporary confirm these forms.2. Pick formal elements of square and rectangular and semi - circular spaces in the hotel in a relationship with the same simulation elements employed in interfaces. It also invested gene forms mimic the heritage society for foreign visitors.3. overcome the idea of the selection of the design system in the distribution of the internal spaces form a contiguous linear relations and led to the opposite ITSAM movement and distribution system Furniture sin also.4. Constructed Structural closed systems do not change for the most part adopted a change in Siding supplements of its components and furniture, which traditionally appeared frequently in mostly.5. Make sure need operational functions in the remote spaces for vision Assembly Thdadave dream spaces and corridors decks while confirmed the aesthetic and functional considerations in the ground floors and Vdhaeadtha of entrances and corridors and restaurants, and in the absence of these considerations in the spaces of the theater hall meetings.Findings and conclusion, and then the suggestions and the beneficiaries of the study which are the official governmental and non - governmental directorates like the ministries of Habitations and Construction, Planning, Foreign Affairs, Archaeology, Culture , Higher Education and Scientific Research, and the specialists in the field or the close fields like the parallel colleges like the college of engineering in the Iraqi universities and the scholars and those specialized and familiar to acquire information in that field, in addition to the sicnetific sources inn the study.

الخصائص الفنية الزخرفية في المدرسة المغربية Decorative Artistry Characteristics In Moroccan School

اسم المؤلف: لؤي نزيه مطلك
اسم المشرف: كريم حواس علي الساعدي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الخط والزخرفة
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان الفنان المسلم استلهم مفرداته من الطبيعة ومن الاشكال البسيطة كالمستقيمات والمربعات والمثلثات والدوائر، وقد كان هناك اوجه تشابه واختلاف في الوقت نفسه بين المدارس الزخرفية، مما جعل الامر يلتبس على كثير من المزخرفين لا سيما الدارسين في حقل الاختصاص، وقد ات | Muslim artist inspired his vocabularies from the nature and from simple forms such as straights , squares , triangular and circles. At the same time there was similarity and contrast in decorative school which led to confusion for many of those practice decoration (decorators ) specially the specialists. Due to exploratory studying and continuation upon research society represented in Moroccan Islamic Architecture through photographs and images in books and references concerning Moroccan decorations of Islamic architecture , it was obvious to the researcher that artistry and scientific necessities required identify those artistry characteristics of Moroccan school and the most prominent characteristics and features of Moroccan school.Accordingly the researcher formulated the problem of the research through the following question : " what are the artistry characteristics in the Moroccan decoration " ? The importance of the research has embodied in identifying the artistry characteristics of the decoration and all its kinds ( plants , geometrical and linear ). The researchers exposed the contributions of Moroccan school in designing and execution o decoration upon Islamic architecture. The objective of the research is to answer the mentioned question within the problem of the research. The research was defined with decorative artistry characteristics in Moroccan school with its kinds ( plants , geometrical and linear ) in mosques , schools , shrines and those executed on ( stone , gypsum , wood , vitrified tiles ) from the period of ( 745H - 1345A.D )to ( 1390H - 1971 A.D ). The second chapter included the following subjects : The stages of development of Moroccan decoration , architectural decorative components , Islamic architecture elements, areal divisions of the decorations , besides the design foundations of architecture decoration , construction relation , raw materials and execution techniques. followed by theoretical framework and previous studies.The researcher followed in conducting the research descriptive method ( analyzing the content ) in order to reach the objectives of the research. The samples were chosen intentionally. The researcher chose ( 6 ) six samples for his research and the total number of the sample were ( 60 ) sixty samples represented the society of the samples. The analyze form was in accordance theoretical framework and exposing it to several experts to confirm its validity. According to the analyzing form, the selected analyzing sample, where showed a collection of results as follows : - 1 - Single work of one decoration type( engineering), which is based on steroid shapes, which originated non - steroid shapes resulted from the crossed lines and their reflections represented by the straight and vertical ,horizontal and diagonal, which shaped multiple shapes amongst semi - steroid elements and rhombus shapes and irregular shapes.2 - Dual two types decoration work ( plan and engineering), the plant decorations have involved cupped indentations of single, double and triple pods as for the geometrical shapes inspired from bees hives and the Muslim artist has inspired these shapes to express the accuracy and regularity via repeated of geometrical shapes regularly.3 - Three decoration work( plant, geometry, writing)the basic unit included texts with Al - Thulith and Al - Nasakh Moroccan calligraphy due to sequenced line distribution system interspersed by plant decorations whose construction leaves and single double and triple cup items in addition to geometrical decorations represented by steroid and non - steroid shapes, as for the steroid shapes which included eight steroid and non - steroid shapes represented by irregular geometrical shapesBased on the results , the researcher have reached to a collection of conclusions represented by the following : - 1 - The development and the maturity that the Moroccan decoration art has reached along the development stage, does not come emptiness but connected series extended to be integral period for the previous one and it is an evidence to the innovation mental development extent, and the skill decoration expertise of the Moroccans at the same time.2 - The plant, geometrical and writing decorations of the arts widely used in the Moroccans Islamic architecture and has come the most distinguished elements and gains the Moroccan decoration attention via various the historical eras of the ancients fundamentals, also has dominance in a lot of architecture land marks.3 - The diversity in the decoration items( plant, geometrical and writing) of general appearance and the interior stuff and with colored diversified outcomes whether for single , double and triple types have contributed in add the diversified and multiplicity of the decoration items in one connected design unit.According to what the researcher has reached of results and conclusions and to complete the benefit and knowledge, the researcher has viewed to specify to a collection of recommendations most important of which are : 1 - To get benefit from the current research results to enhance curricula for the concerned Dept. amongst calligraphy and Islamic decoration Dept. in the institutes and colleges of fine arts.2 - Paying attention with the Moroccans school in the field of decoration of its various types of their aesthetic distinguished richness, on the executed works of Islamic architecture. And to complete the requirement of the research and to realize the scientific benefit, the researcher has presented a collection of suggestions ,benefited to be successive studies as follows : - 1 - The artistic characteristics of the Moroccans decorations on the pottery.2 - Aesthetic of the Moroccans decoration on the plate form

دور الة الكونترباص في الموسيقى والغناء العراقي The Role of The Contrabass Instrymint Iraqi Music And Singing

اسم المؤلف: وسام محمود عبد الزهرة عطية
اسم المشرف: فراس ياسين جاسم
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون الموسيقية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعـــــ(الــــــــ الكونترباص),احــــــــدى الات العائلــــة الوتـــــرية القوسيــــــة, المؤلفة مــــــــن ( الكمان, والفيولا, والفيولنسيل ), فقد لعبت (الة الكونترباص) دورا مهما في تكوين الفرق الموسيقية العالمية, من خلال مجالها الصوتي الواسع, وطبقتها | The double bass is a member of the string family, beside the violin, viola, and cello. It has played an important role in the formation of orchestra ensembles, and this is because of its wide musical range and its low pitch. These tow features support the performance of the harmony and counterpoint by other musical instruments. The importance of this instrument encourages composers to create a specific music for the double bass such as Sonatas and Concertos.Despite the great importance of this instrument, it has not received sufficient attention in the Arabic and Iraqi academic research field. This prompted the researcher to adopt his experience as a performer on this instrument in this research to explore the role of the Doublebass in the Iraqi music and singing.This study consists of five chapters, list of references and annexes. The first chapter is the methodological framework of the study, which includes the research problem and the purpose of the study. The position of the Double Bass was explained, as it is an essential instrument in the Iraqi musical ensembles. In addition, it has participated in the recorded songs in the 1970s. The role of the Double Bass was recognised because of its tone colour and its rhythmic style, which fits the requirements of the Iraqi songs. For this role, it is important to study the function of the Double Bass in the Iraqi music and singing. In this chapter, the importance of the study was explained and the aim was identified, which is the role of the Double Bass in the musical ensemble that accompany the Iraqi music and singing.The second Chapter consists of the literature review and the previous studies. The literature review includes three sub - chapters; the first one discusses the history of the Double Bass. The second one deals with the parts, performance and the techniques of the Double Bass. The third explains the participationof the Double Bass in the Iraqi music and singing. The results of the literature review were discussed and there was no previous academic study regarding the role of the Double Bass in the Iraqi music. However, there is only one study that might be close to this study as both studies have the same singing form of the 1970s.The third chapter explores the field of thisstudy, which is the songs of the 1970s. In addition, experts were identified,samples were chosen, equipment was mentioned, musical standards were explained and the methodology of the study was discussed.The fourth chapter includes the analysis of the chosen samples. The fifth chapter discusses the results and the conclusions of the study. Additionally, a set of recommendations and proposals were presented, and were followed by a list of sources and references.

خصوصية المشاهد البصرية في تصميم الفضاءات الداخلية للمؤسسات السياحية Theparticularityofvisualsightsin Designingthetouristfoundations Internal Spaces

اسم المؤلف: نادرة عبد الرزاق غزال
اسم المشرف: رجاء سعدي لفتة
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التصميم الداخلي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: نظرا لما للمؤسات السياحية من اثر كبير في حياة المجتمعات وما لقاعة الاستقبال في تلك المؤسسة من اثر اكبر في تجسيد خصوصية المبنى الوظيفية والزمكانية في توظيف موروث مجتمعها بمنظور حضاري معاصر له سبغة المرونه التصميمية، وذي النظرة الاستشرافية المستقبلية لتحقي | Considering the significant effect of the tourist foundations on the societies lives, and the high effect that reception halls of these foundation have in embodying the building functional and space - time particularity to employ their society inheritance with a modern civilized perspective has designing flexibility, and forward - future sight to achieve the interaction between the visual sight to the internal space design and the their occupants through a designing communication, and nowadays the reception halls in the tourist administrative foundations are suffering a weaknesses in achieving that, thus, in order to upgrade this communication, the research problem brought up the questioning : Do the particularity of visual sights in designing the tourist foundations internal spaces have sensory, perceptual value that contributes with achieving positive receiving process involves meanings related to thought, civilization and values of the nations generally, included in formative effects designs of the internal spaces?The importance of the research lies in its dealing with a subject that was called by the necessity of upgrading the internal designs of visual sights for the local tourist foundations reception hall, and give them the functional particularity with a style that reflects space - time world of their society, and achieve their belonging to it and acquire them a designing identity that makes its mark in scientific artistic world fields.The purposes of the current research aims to make knowledge basis that forms the starting point of revealing the fact of deploying the meaning in the visual sights for the internal spaces designs, and establishes basic designing points that simulates the general idea for the particularity issue in internal design.Chapter Two included the previous studies and the theoretical framework that included three parts : The first part focused on the particularity in the internal space, its aspect and its types with a historical brief about civilizations particularities, while the second part dealt with the formal realization for the meaning and receiving organization, and the third part identified the formal formations structures, and it resulted in some indicators that were depended in forming the analysis form. The third chapter gave the procedures of the research and its methodology, where it depended on the descriptive approach in the process of analyzing three models that were chosen intentionally from the research community, where the tool of research depended on the analysis axis form and indicating the degree of axis fulfilling, in addition to describing the research models and analyzing them, and the analysis process resulted group of conclusions and results that were included in chapter four, some of the most important conclusions are : Combining between the authenticity and contemporary relatively achieved space - time particularity in models (Baghdad, Babylon) and it didn’t achieved in model AL( Najaf) and the performance particularity was achieved in models (Baghdad, Babylon) and relatively achieved in model AL( Najaf).And the formal realization was achieved in both models (Baghdad, Babylon), while it was achieved relatively in model AL( Najaf).And some of the most important conclusions are : Realizing the visual sight particularity perspective, where it is the superior designing idea that the external space included it for a reception hall in a tourist foundation,.There is a role for the designing thought particularity that depends on interweaving the objective particularity and subjective particularity while designing a reception hall in tourist foundations, that role is representing the design of visual sight that has a functional particularity in forming formal structures that meets the desires of the environment occupants and time - space particularity with deploying the inheritance into the technological and technical evolution.Then chapter four the theorizing centers, recommendations, and the general suggestions and the designing suggestion, in addition to the tables, demonstration tools and a list of references and appendix.

المرجعية العقائدية للنحت العراق القديم : دراسة تحليلية The Religious Reference of The Ancient Iraqi Sculpture : Analysis Study

اسم المؤلف: حمد سلطان ضرغام السعدون
اسم المشرف: مرتضى عبود شهاب حداد
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النحت
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Old Iraqi Sculpture related since first existence with solid relations with religious thought, sculpture and religious belief are correlated phenomena since their first existence ,got them clear developments impact on each other.This study entitled (The Religious Reference of The ancient IraqiSculpture) are looking for Religious reference to old Iraqi sculpture , is an attempt to answer the questions posed by researcher in the problem included in the first chapter , this study included four chapters the first chapter devoted of a methodological framework for the research which include the definition of the search problem that summarize with the following questions ;Is there are a relationship between sculpture and religious belief ?And if there is really some kind of relationship, what kind of relationship ?And how the religious factor impact in the shape of the sculpture ?How religion executed in sculpture ?The chapter also contains the definition about research goals, which included two objectives ;Identify the ideological reference in old Iraqi sculpture - Identify the impact of sculpture on religious beliefs in ancient Iraq - The research identified with the study the works of sculpture of the religious and ideological content formats in relief sculptureand in the stereotactic and researcher excluded cylinder and flat seals from his research because it is of special technical nature and the objectives of production differ from the objectives of the stereoscopic and prominent sculptures that produced in purelyreligious goals as study identified with sculptures dating back to the time period from 3500 BC to the end of the Assyrian State in 600 BC and chapter including the definition for some terms needed.Chapter II devoted to the theoretical framework which contained three topics were allocated to ;Study the assembly thought and religious belief with the old man. - - Religious thought in ancient Iraq and the Gods that enshrined and worshipped in all periods of history of ancient Iraq. - Study of myths and rituals being a theoretical and practical framework for religion in ancient Iraq. - it is also included previous studies and a summary of the theoretical framework.The third chapter devoted to study of the dialectical relationship between the sculpture and the old Iraqi beliefs and the effects of each other and serves as the research process where the researcher analyzes the works in accordance with the relationship between the content of religion, signs and symbols and properties of the Gods mentioned in myths as evidence from which to infer a relationship between sculpture and religious beliefs and the effects of each upon the other, the models studied based on time periods that belonged to these models ; - ( Sculptures dating back to 3500 BC (4th millennium BC - Sculptures dating back to 3rd millennium BCSculptures dating back to the second millennium BC - - Sculptures dating back to the first millennium BCResearcher made these historical divisions because of religious content in works of sculpture and similar with each other along thecivilized period and researcher selected his sample models intentionally according to the chronology of civilized specific roles within search.The sample included 22 model and studied as descriptive analytic study to research religious relationship by offering clues in mythology and belief, rituals, the researcher selected his sample according to the following principles ; - A comprehensive sample for specified period of time and represented the original community, original representation. - So 4 models were selected from the first half of the 4th millennium BC and 6 models of the third millennium BC and 9 models of the second millennium BC and 3 models of a first millennium BC because the faiths in ancient Iraq are an extension of each other and the objectives of this study do not endeavor to know the religious method or sculptural method but endeavoring to execute its objectives in identifying religious authority in Iraq's ancient sculpture and the impact of sculpture on the faith.So researcher don’t confined in selecting his sample with parity with the number of representing models for each period but sought to choose models that lead to achievement of research objectives.The researcher adopted a note based on extrapolation and inference as two approaches can be used in the analysis of selected models, benefited of intellectual and religious indicators within the context of theoretical framework.The research found a set of findings and conclusions contained in chapter IV and one of the most important results are ; - 6 old Iraqi sculpture fully related to religion as the most important tools of expression since the fourth millennium BC and became identified to the temple. - 5 Statues of ancient Iraqi Gods exceeded the range of thought is partial to what is total and contributed to the transformation of the individual and diagnosed case to a full spiritual representation. - 4 The old Iraqi sculptor photos Gods with human body and outfit the human mind interprets things as accepted by thesenses and Gods image became reflected image on the cult of the ancestors in the middle stone age and the Neolithic. - 3 Iraqi prominent sculptures embodied the religious legendary narrative thought is a mental image built with stone, backed clay, and metal. - 2 the old Iraqi Sculpture expressed in the first reference of religious belief which is based on the libido, the perception of religious thought imagined that the universe has become through a relationship with Goddess marriage.The most important conclusions ; - Old Iraqi sculpture organized under of the religious establishment and reflects the mystical spirit as one of religious ritual. - Old Iraqi mind create religious rituals as a unifying social phenomena. - The old Iraq mind characterized with the ability to justify everything related to religion and explained and there are always ideas justify accidents and disasters inflicted on human

جماليات الماكياج في عروض المسرح العراقي The Aesthetics of Make - Up For The Iraqi Play

اسم المؤلف: ذكرى عبد الصاحب عبادي
اسم المشرف: سامي عبد الحميد نوري
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون المسرحية - تقنيات
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اعتمد بناء وتشكيل الصورة المسرحية من انبثاق المسرح حتى يومنا هذا على صور شعرية وفن معمار الفضاء المتسع المعاني والدلالات التي تتسم بها الشخصية المسرحية وما يحيط بها والتي من خلالها يتلاحم المتفرج بالممثل في اجواء تطهيرية صادقة المشاعر والاحاسيس اتضحت ملام | This research deals with the mechanism and the aesthetics of make - up for the Iraqi play performance. The problem of the research concerns with the imitation of natureand the principle of illusion of reality and to what extent the artists of make - up tried to achieve. In chapter two : the researcher discusses the aesthectic frame of make - up according to the ideas of the philosophers.The chapter discusses The scintefic frame of make - up such as Anthropology , Biology , Sociology , Psychology and Anatomy.This chapter also deals with the artistic frame of make - up Concerning Design and Compotion so the effect , of the elements of the other aspects of theatre Visual such as costumes , scenery , lighting on make - up concerning line , shape mass , Color , and texture. chapter three of this research deals with analyzing the mechanism and aesthetic aspects of make - up in five Iraqi play productions. The researcher reaches the following conclusion : 1. The straight make - up were used for most of thos plays and character make - up for som of them.2. There was no need too achieve the principle of illusion of reality for the make - up of the samples.3. In one of the samples the artist of make - up used the Clay for covering the faces and bodyes of the actors instead of vsing the materials of make - up. 4. some of the aesthetic touches were used for few characters.5. No effects of the other elements of the visual Theatre on make - up appear specially the effects of the stage lighting.

جماليات البناء الكنائي في الفلم الروائي Aesthetic of Metonymy In The Feature Film Dessertation Submited

اسم المؤلف: اسيا جبار خلف
اسم المشرف: طه حسن عيسى الهاشمي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون السينمائية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان البحث الموسوم "جماليات البناء الكنائي في الفيلم الروائي" ويستهدف دراسة موقع الفلم الروائي من البلاغة بوصفه علما استقر في اللغة الطبيعية ووجدت له مقاربات في الفنون المجاورة، وكانت الكناية احد الاساليب البلاغية المتضمنة في علم البيان احد مباحث البلاغة | The research entitled "Aesthetics of metaphorical construction in Feature Film" aims to study the position of feature film in figurative language as a science settled in natural language that found approaches in neighboring arts, further, metaphor is one of the implemented methods in rhetoric as rhetorical device.Film, as craft language, obtains from metaphor as a main source to the film structure and its metaphoricals', and, if metaphor means, in language, the indication of a meaning by using a subsequent and synonym for it, intents to cover and shade therefor we switch from using the specific word that represent meaning to a synonym, so, meaning according to Jarjaani : speech system; while aesthetically it has a special regulation. For direct and repeated speech losses its aesthetically because of habit. Then meaning in metaphor doesn't use current meaning, instead it deals with "meaning of meaning". We can see linguists who attached symbol, indication, allusion and periphrasis to metaphor kinds. So texts are renewing with the renew of meanings. Metaphor refers to something by other that equals it in reality known to people but with new meanings, because if a meaning is settled and widespread would not catch attention or raise the aesthetic sense for it became so common, and this is what we see in film as it extrapolates the meaning through the realistic references, and the difference between standard and common film is that the first chases the invented meaning regarding arts aesthetics while common film is captive to current meanings that doesn't draw attention.This research consists of a summary and four chapter, the first includes methodological framework and the question of this research and the need to it. The question is formed as follows : "what is the aesthetic of metaphorical construction of feature film?".The need to such researches is to be at hand of researchers in Cinematic science to find out rhetorical prospects of cinema arts to be an aesthetic addition in film theorizing and application.While the importance of the research is due to be the first of its kind representing the metaphorical applications as they are the base of feature film leading film art to achieve a privilege in metaphor field in which cinema is operating in, on the grounds that the first task of the film is aesthetic of film image, and paying attention to the widening scopes that the metaphor repletes by neighboring reality in a creative way, not only a humble conveying that set and settled.The limits on this research are spatial limits are cinema worldwide anywhere can be found, temporal limits are (2001 - 2011), and finally mental limits are novelist metaphor.The second chapter includes three sections. The first concerning : metaphor from word eloquence to image space : in which the term (metaphor) is followed with Arab linguists depending on Arabic rhetoric as guide, so Simile purposes and eloquence will lead us to the question of this research, which leads to the necessity of studying semantics and metaphor as linguistic concept and rhetorical device the thing found with well - known Arabic heritage scientists : Al arabi, Al - jahihd, Al - mubred, Aba ubaida, Ibn almu'taz, Qudama Bin Ja'far, Abo Hilal Alaskari, Ibn Rasheeq Al qirawani,Ibn Sinan Al kafadgi , Al Jurjani and others.The chapter stopped at the concept of art image and film grand theories such as simulation, emotional and formalism theory.The scorned section concerns metaphor application in novelist film. Where image metaphor is treated which Derives its representation from photographical origin through the notion of : Arnhem, Andre Bazin, Eisenstein, Christian Metzm and others.The section concludes that what cinema has added to world understanding is the usage of reality in an eloquent way so the metaphorical construction take into account natural language eloquent while it draws its metaphor of cinema - tography through its special expressive medium.The third section entitled, the aesthetic employment of metaphorical construction in feature film, in which natural language doesn't present full metaphorical texts through its linguistic contexture, while film is a metaphorical contexture in each shoot and scenes.So, such kind of researches should comes out with the theoretical framework indicators, one of them is : 1 - The film aesthetic and metaphor happen through dialectic cinema narrative and the film form to build metaphor system through gathering partial metaphors.The research, as researches goes, contains conclusions such as : 1. The film aesthetic metaphor comes from the fact that the film art is an art on the term in which the film form differs from the exact picturing of reality.2. Also, the research comes to many derivations like : Metaphor in cinema is a basic and genuine element in film creativity which cinema is based on in its construction.

توظيف الملحمة في الدراما التلفزيونية Employment In The Epic Television Drama

اسم المؤلف: حسن هادي زاير المحمداوي
اسم المشرف: ياسر عيسى حسن الياسري
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون التلفزيونية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: بالرغم من تعدد وسائل التعبير للمنجز الفني الا ان لكل واحدة من هذه الوسائل نكهتها الخاصة التي يحاول من خلالها صانع العمل الوصول الى المتلقي. لكن يبقى الفن السينماتوغرافي الثمرة الناضجة والوسيلة الواعية للنتاج الانساني، اذ انه يشكل مجموعة من الخبرات والاف | Despite the multiplicity of means of expression of artistic accomplishment, but for each one of these means special flavor that which tries to work maker access to the recipient. But art remains Alcinmatugrave ripe fruit and conscious of the way the product of the human, as it constitutes a set of experiences and ideas humanity to get to a distinct form of art is an extension of the creative product of civilization. There is no doubt that art Alcinmatugrave tool and a means of intellectual working to transfer the beliefs and ideas of the people towards each other, an employee at the various kinds of topics, including tales of epic and mythical, historical and other. If you look at the old epics that have reached us, we find that it includes many anecdotal theme, and often we find that These themes independent of each other, in spite of its independence, but it where the unit subject is available, and this is what we find, for example, in the Epic of Gilgamesh or even in the epics of the ancient Greeks and ancient Romans, and this thing made filmmakers working on each of these themes separately in an attempt to find a technical ports to connect between them and to build up a convincing dramatic and leads to the ends of the aesthetic and creative. The cinema and for long periods they have monopolized the provision of those movies epic that dealt with the drama interesting carrying humanitarian meanings widely in form and content, but the television followed the example of cinema in the provision of those humanitarian epics on according to high - builders level and it was necessary to search in the recruitment of the epic and construction epic television series, Valmhamh of narrative story - based systems are listed in the delivery to the recipient of the expression of tournaments and events that mixes myth with reality. Those heroic stories we find is the champion matter given society defend them achieve their desires and is characterized by high strength and configuration of physical and psychological unique. The researcher divided the research on the four seasons, were as follows : The first chapter (methodological framework), which included the problem of research, summarized as follows by asking : How employs saga in TV drama? Then the importance of research and the need for him, as well as the objectives of the research and its borders.Chapter II, who came under the title (theoretical framework) was on the three sections, are as follows : First topic : the saga term and concept. Their definitions and their relationship to philosophy and what it is when Aristotle and comparing myth and at the end the researcher said a summary of the most important characteristic of the epic concentrated in eight points.The second topic : Building and construction dramatic epic elements : in this section were searched drama and dramatic elements of the general construction and construction epic researcher concluded at the end of his research also points to eight.The third topic : the employment of construction in the epic television series : in this section have been addressed to the foundations of the traditional dramatic structure and the president and his staff dealt with in the order as well as transition and connection between the viewer and the units of time in the series Almhumai.ol_khas Find researcher in the end to six points.In light of this, the researcher suggested a set of indicators that represent the theoretical framework summary. And seal Chapter previous studies.Chapter III (research procedures) to ensure the research methodology, and the research community and the research sample search tool and sincerity and integrity analysis steps and then the sample analysis tool that has been selected Qsidia analysis of a series Spartacus Part I : Then, the researcher analyzed the sample from the theoretical framework indicators after taking the opinion of the Committee of Experts and arbitrators.Chapter IV (findings and conclusions) : has included the results that came out of the researcher after the sample analysis, and the most important results : - 1. The construction in epic movies and serials that rely events Epic or epic mythical figures not only to seek clarity of interpretation but seeks to clarity of expression because the business epic intellectual progress summary of the beliefs and feelings of non - specific.2. Non - Molovih events and actions in Business epic coated myth make such acts implausible because it is located in the virtual worlds in a way just the viewer and lend the work a thing of beauty and surprise by tricks cinematic special effects, which was surrounded and carried out as in the sample series Spartacus.And he went after the researcher a number of conclusions and recommendations and proposals.Find and seal a list of sources and supplements and a summary in English.
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