Author name:
اماني اسماعيل خليل طاهر
Supervisor name:
ماجد عبد الحميد ابراهيم | عواطف نعمة جري
Abstract:
The study was carried out at the laboratory of plant tissue culture - college of Agriculture - University of Basra during the period 15/3/2013to 20/07/2015 ,to study the effect of salinity stress on some growthindicators contain in callus produced from three potato varieties (Lizeta,Arnova and Safari) in Vitro.The sprout of the three potato varieties (Lizeta, Arnova and Safari) were cultured in aseptic condition on Murashige and Skoog (MS) full strength media supplemented with IAA and BA at concentration of 1.0 mg / L in addition to GA3 at concentration of 0.1 mg / L.For callus induction, the shoots were cultured on (MS) media upplemented with 3 mg / L NAA in combination with 1 mg / L Kin or BA.Moreover; to study the effect of salinity stress on some growth indicators , the callus exposed to NaCl at concentration (0,80, 100, 120 ,140 and 160 mM ) four weeks period, in additon to the effect of salisalic acid in combination with NaCl on protien charectirstic in callus of three potato cultivars. The results sammurized at follow : 1 - The effect of cultivars and growth regulators results sammaurized : No significant on regeneriation ,but Arnova cultivar was superior in height plant and number of shoots reached (7.27 cm and 2.48 shoot ) respectively.Lizeta was superior in number of leaves (1.59 leaves / plant ), the combination of hormons (1.0 mg/L of eachIAA & BA) was superior in height plant and number of shoots reached (2.1 cm and 1.6 leaves / plant ) respectively. 2 - Lizeta cultivar was superior in (% callus induction, callus fresh weight on 28 and 45 days ,CHO,protein,proline, Lipid peroxidation and K+ ion) parameters reached (31% ,186.25 mg, 303.9 mg, 29.09 mg /gm dry weight , 16.29 mg/gm dry weight 3.05 μ.gm /dry weight , 204 nmol MDA g/ fw and 9.16 mg/gm dry weight ) respectively .While Ornova cultivar was superior in (plant hight,shoots number, callus dry weight ) reached (7.27 cm, 2.48 shoot/ plant and 18.13 mg) respectively .3 - The combination of (1.0 mg / l ) of BA and IAA affected significantly on number of shoots and leaves parameters and give (2.1 shoot/plant ,1.61 leaf/ plant ) respectivelywhile (1.0 mg/l IAA+0.1 mg/l GA3 +1.0 mg/l BA ) affected significantly on shoots hieght which reached 8.03 cm .4 - Varied response were found among potato callus growth under 100 mM concentration of salt stress, Arnova and Lizeta were superior as compare with Safari which didn’t show any response in addition to callus growth reduction were found at high concentration (120, 140 and 160 ) mM of salinity . Moreover,100 mM gave negative responce on on callus fresh and dry weight .Furthermore, NaCl affected significantly on V.C and Lipid peroxidation at high concentration of NaCl as compare to control treatment .Concerninig to (CHO,protien,proline, Na - 1 and Cl - 1 ions containt ) , 100 mM of NaCl gave posetive responce for both Lizeta and Arnova cultivars as compere to Safari which in turn recorded highest rate at 80 mM concentration and less concentration of protien , K and K/Na ratio 5 - the interaction of 120 mM NaCl with 0.250 mM SA affected significantly on callus growth in Lizeta as compare with other tow cultivars which recorded no responce NaCl affected posetively on Gen expression, in callus of potatocultivars which represented in a form of a new protein bands with new molecular weight at 80 and 100 mM in addition to the interaction of NaCl with SA treatment in Lizeta cultivar. 7 - Significant responce were found among NaCl and potato cultivars in % of shoot initiation reached 42.11% for Lizita in control treatment and less responce in 80 mM reached 11.78 %. 8 - Sucsessful % of acclimatized plant for Safari reached 82.59% as compare to other cultivars while Lizita was superior in plant hight number of leaves, total root system length ,total yield , number and dimeter of tubers reached (28.33cm, 5.50 leaf/plant ,1.06 dcm2 ,10.25 cm, 17.63 g/plant , 5.16 tuber/plant, 3.18 cm) respectively . On the other hand Safari cultivar were recorded significant reduction in proline, CHO, protien reached (2.03 μ.gm/dry weight, 23.05 and 5.77 mg/gm dry weight) respectively.
