Author name:
فرح الاسلام علي الحميري
Supervisor name:
وفاء كاظم ماضي الكندي
Abstract:
Algeria occupied an important position in the Arab world and the world, both by virtue of its geographical position overlooking the coast of the Mediterranean Sea on one side and close to the European continent on the other hand, as well as a large area and its resources, which was a cause of international disputes through the eighteenth century and the beginning of the twentieth century, even able to France to put an end to these conflicts and exploit the incident famous fan in 1827 to impose an economic blockade on Algeria was the first indicator to announce its occupation of Algeria officially in 1830 to be the date the beginning of the struggle of the Algerian people, who have not deterred by weak economic condition or lack of arming and humility before the Army was referred It stigmatized him in terms of armament and potential outstanding.Algerians Waged series of revolutions and confrontations against the French occupation since 1830 was the conclusion libertarian revolution which announced the launch sparked in 1954, which lasted until for independence in 1962, was the Revolution Mother and conclusion of a series of revolutions, which lasted for more than a century, claimed the lives of nearly one million Algerian youth of the finest and Chaabathm who cleansed their blood pure land even gain independence. Revolution were not in 1954 and earlier revolutions reserved for men was women's role is clear, but outstanding, which has been the subject of admiration of many countries, including France itself, which recorded through the writings of historians and politicians struggle of a woman who did not know surrender and resentment of the situation in spite of their circumstances difficult at the time, which was twice head - educational potential by virtue of the conditions of occupation as well as social conditions within the same Algerian society that prevented the possibility of taking the women's full role as half of society, but in spite of these conditions.The other had a clear and distinct role in multiple areas highlighted by the military and the medical side as well as the social aspect. The choice of subject of the study (the role of algerian women in liberation revolutionfrom 1954 to 1962) to highlight the role of women, which was absent in a lot of studies on the history of Algeria, which were mostly dealing with the political events of the revolution and the French occupation, with modest references to the role of women, which is the role supervisor It has borne the brunt of the revolution and its operations militancy and suicide, and the position is hardly equal to the position of the man, as well as lack of resources dealing with the Algerian women's history explicitly, which form me motivation also for writing the subject interesting and tired to look for sources. The study was divided into an introduction and pave the three chapters and a conclusion, the introductory chapter of the need to give a picture of the beginning of the struggle of Algerian women against the occupation of the French in the first years of the occupation, highlighting one of the most famous women of her time Mujahid came (Lalla Fatima N'Soumeur), which was a model unique to Muslim women striving.The first chapter (colonial policy of France in Algeria) has vowed to three paragraphs we dealt with in the first paragraph of France to eliminate identity politics. The second paragraph dealt with France's military policy and economic and social policy in Algeria.The third paragraph has been highlighted by torture during the colonial period and we talked to the methods of torture.The second chapter, titled (the status of Algerian women during the French occupation) and the Department of the three paragraphs also dealt in the first paragraph time education and its role in preserving the Islamic image.The second paragraph we dealt with the struggle of Algerian women in the national liberation struggle and Pena Finally external activity of Algerian women came in the third paragraph of the chapter.The third chapter (the role of Algerian women in response to French occupation) came in three paragraphs also dealt in the first paragraph overview of the struggle of the women's five state area (Tlemcen) A, Paragraph II studied the struggle of women for the first state area (Tebessa), and finally models of Majahdat Algerian came in the third paragraph of chapterWe tried through the chapters of the thesis to answer a number of questions and inquiries associated with the subject of the search, including : - What are the forms of resistance in the first years of the occupation? - Who are the Lalla Fatima N'Soumeur? And why it has become a model for the struggle of the Algerian women in the nineteenth century? - What are the methods of colonial France? - What are the ways in which France pursued to eliminate the religion of Islam and the Arabic language? - What are the methods Altavebah? What are the positions of the Algerians of these methods? - What is the role of women in the struggle, and whether there was a difference between their role in the countryside and the city? - Is the women's literary and political contributions and social outside Algeria? - What women in areas characterized by Tlemcen? - Who are the most prominent women who were Mujahdat featured role without others who were tortured?And other questions adopted in answer to the historical method based on all the historical material and analyzing the right ones and discrimination by comparing historical novels.The study relied on quite a number of important historical sources that dealt with the history of Algeria's political, economic, social and likes it Bassam al - Asali writing Algerian Mujahidat which contains information and details about Algerian women Majahdat and gave us a clear and complete picture of women's participation in the Revolution, and Anissa Barakat lectures and studies literary about Algeria who made contributions for the resistance and the struggle of women in the revolution, and Mohamed Kantari, who spoke about the heroism of the Algerian women in the revolution and the crimes of French colonialism, who described the important events in its history, as well as between the women in the revolution and the book Ephron Mehrez diary from behind the graves, which gave a vision for post women during the liberation revolution and the writers Mohamed Salah Al - sidiq who explained to us the French colonizers crimes against women Algeria the books Arabized was of extreme value to the enrichment of the study is rich with information was in the forefront of the book Henry food - Eastern question and documentation of torture in Algeria and writers Simone de Beauvoir and Gisele Halimi tragedy of torture pretty Bobaha.The University thesis and dissertation occupied great importance hired by the researcher what contained it of crucial information about the many events that have faced Algerian women, including thesis of Salwan Rashid Ramadan social conditions in Algeria during the French occupation 1830 - 1871,Lamiyab Clatma women and popular resistance Lalla Fatima model, the thesis matinee Hanan Kamal Bogdera mass organizations and their contribution to the Algerian Revolution from 1956 to 1962.Arab newspapers and magazines have played a role in the access to a lot of information comes in the forefront of the journal was a historic Moroccan magazine.There was an presence of the international network in the thesis, while we can not access the information or a translation of some of the historical figures that are difficult to access.Here it must be pointed to the important issue is devoid thesis only rarely from historical documents that we faced very difficult to obtain, despite the continuing quest by contacting the multi - party Algerian but it was our endeavor failure to support access to these documents, but exists in Dar Al - kutob Walwathaia it very rare, especially to the subject of Algerian women, and this is the form of the greatest difficulty that I stood with other difficulties, we were able to overcome, including the lack of resources that give Arab women in general and Algerian in particular, and in detail, requiring continuous search and flour between the bookshelves to access information related to women and their struggle, the participation of some outstanding brothers and sisters of the Algerian universities and who help me with books are rare and distinct from which I was able to overcome the difficulties of the some of research.It remains perfect God Almighty alone, the take up of this temperament humans
