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الاثار الاجتماعية للحملة الفرنسية على مصر حتى عام 1863 == The social implications of the French campaign Egypt until 1863
Author name:
مها عدنان عبد الحسين المعموري
Supervisor name:
وفاء كاظم ماضي الكندي
General topic:
History
Specific topic:
Modern and Contemporary History
Degree:
Master
University:
University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Babylon
First pages:
11T3331 - p.pdf
Abstract:
The political and militarism development in Egypt gained a lot of historical studies, which dealt with these aspects, with a lot of details. Besides the study of the external relations of Egypt whether with Arab or European countries. At the same time , the Egyptian characters gained personal biography. With these studies ;however ,we can find weaknesses and lack of clarity in studies that dealt with the social aspects for them. There were few studies and most of them were neither scientific nor academic. Considering the importance of the social history of Egypt in the period between (1798 - 1863) concerning the changes happened on its social conditions. The French invasion of Egypt from 1798 to 1863 personified the beginning of new period in its history which attached it with the Great Nations in a wide range and this alerted these Nations to the economic and military importance of it. Although the invasion was unsuccessful experience for the French, but it was the beginning of the French interference especially after France got great care and interesting from the authority of Egypt Mohammad Ali Basha later on. From there I chose the subject of my study to illustrate the effects of the French campaign and its results on the Egyptian community which became like an obedient tool for the western and then to get the control on Egypt. Then ,Egypt became under the debt and independence of the West. The researcher depended on the scientific approach which relied on the historical succession of the events from the monitoring the events and the developments that occurred in Egypt during the period from 1798 to 1863 with illustration about the French effect in these events.The thesis consisted of an introduction, four parts and a conclusion. The first part dealt with the state of Egypt during the Osmanli authority. I illustrated in it the difference aspects of the economical , political and administrative Egypt life in the last eighteenth century.While the second part dealt with "the social targets of the French campaign" .It was presented in four steps. first, the historical development of the idea of the French invasion. Second, the effect of the invasion. Third, results of it. Four, A biography of the writer ; Abd Al - Rehmaan Al - Jeberti who lived during the French campaign in Egypt and was aware of it.In the other hand , the third part dealt with the study of the historical Egypt during Mohammad Ali period ; from 1801 to 1848 . The research concentrated on the political anarchy and how to stabilize Mohammad Ali authority. It also concentrated on the administrative , educational and cultural reformation which Mohammad Ali made. In addition, the research took care on the appearance of the Egyptian journalism. It also concentrated on the circulation of translation as well as his economical reformation.Whereas ,the fourth part referred to Egypt situations during the period of Mohammad's successors. At which the research took care discussed Abbas Basha 1 management ; from 1848 - 1854 and his general politics , economical and educational reformation. His general politics and his cultural and educational reformation as well as Al Suez Canal project and the effect of the foreign fund in the Egyptian economy during that period.There were a clear difference in the parts of the thesis. This is because of the topics of the thesis which need illustrations in some of them as they are essential and come to the point of the subject. Another difference is the large quantity of the scientific material in the research. Whereas the last part lacked the scientific material which the researcher tried to get it from different ways.The study was concluded with the most important results on which the researcher got it. The study depended on a lot of and different sources from the most important books and the Arabic and the Iraqi brochures which enrich the parts of the thesis by valuable information. Whereas the thesis lacked of the unpublished documents because of the difficulties of getting them easily. Referring to that ,I tried to get these documents by going to the Egyptian Consulate who ensured me the difficulties to find these documents during this period of time. In the other hand, the lack and the rarity of the document related to social aspects. Most of the documents related to the political and the economical aspects. For this reason, the great dependence was on the books which we can consider most of them as document books , like Al - Jeberti book : "The wonderful effect in the biography and the information". The importance of this book is that the writer lived during the French campaign and the events that accompanied it. He also lived during Mohammad Ali Basha management and authority. At the same time , most of the works of the historian Mohammad Fuad Shokri had an effect to enrich the thesis by the valuable information because it depended on the Arabic, the British and the Osmanli documents.Particularly ,the book : (The French campaign and the departure from Egypt )and the book : (Mohammad's Ali State Structure) as well as the other sources . We don't neglected the prominent role of the theses and the dissertations, whether the Iraqi ones or the Arabic. The most important source which comes first and enriched the thesis was the PHD dissertation titled in : " Abd Al - Rehman Al - Jeberti and his approach in writing the history". For the researcher Alaawi Abbaas Abd . The dissertation contained important information about the Egyptian life during the Osmanli and the French campaign period against Egypt. As well as , it took the life of the historian Abd Al - Rehman Al - Jeberti and his attitude to the conditions at that time. While the MA thesis titled in ( The popular opposed of the French invasion from 1798 - 1801) for the researcher Ammar Mohammad Ali Al - Taae, considered as the second important source that helped in the presentation of this thesis. The advantage of this thesis appeared in the first part since it dealt with the Egyptian social life during the Osmanli period and during the existence of the French campaign. As well as the PHD dissertation titled in : (The French Effect in the Eastern civilization from the two Thesauruses ; Egypt Qualifying and the Scientific discovery of Algeria ) for the researcher Mustafa Obead .The advantage of this thesis in the third part to illustrate the range of the French effect on Mohammad Ali Basha politics and tendency in modernization Egypt.Finally , I put this humble work in the hands of my respectable teachers ; the boss and the members of the deliberation . I am sure there will be a great role for their opinions and directions to reduce the gaps and the shortcomings
