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احمد قوام السلطنة ودوره السياسي في ايران حتى عام 1952 م == AHMED Qavam AL.SaLtaneh AND POLICIAL ROLE IN IRAN UNTIL YEAR 1952 A.D.
Author name:
احمد هادي سلمان المجتومي
Supervisor name:
كريم مطر حمزة الزبيدي
General topic:
History
Specific topic:
Modern and Contemporary History
Degree:
Master
University:
University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Babylon
First pages:
11T3321 - p.pdf
Abstract:
Ahmed Qavam AL - Saltaneh bin Ibrahim , Iran's most prominent political figures in the Qajarite and pahlave .It belongs to wealthy family associated with politics and royal tiles .He inherited his grandfather and his ancestors function of tax collection in the regions and the provinces of Persia. The members of this family obtained a high political and ministerial positions in the state . Qavam AL - Saltaneh was born in 1873A.D , his mother died when he was no more than two years old . His uncle , the secretary of state , sponsored him who become prime minister of Muzaffar AL - Din Shah. Qavam AL - Saltaneh also served in the royal court and become the edit messages and correspondence secretary to your Muzaffar AL - Din Shah . when the constitutional Revolution occurred in 1906 , Muzaffar AL - Din Shah charged him to write furman constitution in his own hand writing because Qavam AL - Saltaneh was skillful calligrapher . The era of Muhammed Ali Shah live up Qavam AL - Saltaneh position and took severed overalls between period 1911 - 1918 , including the ministry of Finance , Interior and Defense , and in 1918 was chosen to be the governor of the province of Khorasan . He was able in matters of administration of the territory and spent the uprisings taking place there and re - security and stability in Khorasan province , and in 1921 took place in Tehran coup called Hoot's coup . The coup led by Dhia adin AL - Tabatabai and Reza khan with British support . Then New prime minister Dhia adin ordered to detained Qavam AL - Saltaneh in Khorasan and send him to Tehran . He remained in prison until Ahmed Shah Dhia adin was forced to resign him.Then he went out by order of the Shah to receive the chair of prime minister . This represent a new phase in his political life . He made several measures during his premier ship and collided with Reza Khan the miniter of war so he resigned from prime minister . But Ahmed Shah returned him again to receive the prime minister in 1922. When he resigned this time Reza Khan masterminded and fabricated the evidence to prove that Qavam AL - Saltaneh was plotting assassination attempt .2So he was arrested and decided to exile outside the country in 1923 no longer engage in political. Until 1941 Reza Shah was isolated and his son Mohammd Reza officiate Iranian throne who ask Qavam AL - Saltaneh to government in 1942 and resigned because of lack of understanding between him and Shah Mohmmad Reza in 1943 . At the beginning of 1946 Mohmmad Reza Shah restored to assignee the prime minister . Ahmed Qavam formed government and go to Moscow to enter negotiations with the Soviet Union in order to bring out the Soviet from northern Iran . After lengthy negotiations on two stage they signed Oil deal in exchange the Sovite Union with draw its forces from Iran. This deal show on the Iranian parliament fifteenth in 1947 . The council refused to ratify on the convention . Qavam AL - Saltaneh resigned and traveled to Paris for treatment .The Iranian - British relation deteriorated in 1952 because Dr. Musadaq implementation of decision of the nationalize the Iranian Oil and expulsion the British Oil companies. Then the consensus got between Britain and Qavam to take the last the prime minister. He succeeding to resolves outstanding issues between Britain and Iran . In mid - July 1952 the Shah asked him to become prime minister. A large demonstrations happened in Tehran protest against the assumed Qavam AL - Saltaneh the minister. The demonstrators , protesters and Ayatollah Abu al - Qasim AL - Kashani wanted to isolate the Qavam and returned Musadaq for prime minister. The intensity and strength did not benefit with demonstrators so, Qavam haven't continue in this government, only five days . AL - Shah removed him and return Musadaq for prime minister. Qavam AL - Saltaneh died after a long illness in 1955. He buried in his family graveyard in Qom.
