First pages:

احمد الشيخ داوود ودوره السياسي في العراق (1871 - 1948) == Ahmed AL - Sheikh Dawood and His Political Role in Iraq (1871 - 1948)

Author name: نور هاشم كاظم الغزي

Supervisor name: مؤيد شاكر كاظم مخيلف الطائي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: The study of historical characters is important because the person who is the creator of the historical event, the understanding of his circumstances, the nature of his personality and the intellectual principles he believes in are very important in understanding the historical events that contributed to his making. This type of study is not confined to the biography of these characters But also deals with historical events and political developments in which he participated, and it often exceeds to study the developments and conditions that have an impact on the personality subject matter of the study. From this point of view, there was a tendency to study one of the political figures of Iraq, and since Ahmed Al - Sheikh Dawood is one of the Iraqi political character who have played a major role in political events since 1919, when he belonged to the Society of Secret Independence Guard, which bore the burden of the 1920 revolution against British authorities have been selected for an academic work to highlight his life and his role in the events and attitudes witnessed in the history of modern Iraq. The first chapter deals with his life and how he grew up, as well as the early stages of his administrative activities. He also dealt with his political activities, which represented his participation in the establishment of the secret independence guard society which had a great role in the national assembly and their determination to liberate Iraq from the British, Sunni and Shiite communities and the achievement of national unity. The second chapter was devoted to the study of the political and partisan activities of Sheikh Ahmed Al - Sheikh Dawood in 1922 - 1934. He dealt with his political activity through his position on the 1927 Karbala Conference in the wake of the Wahhabist attacks on the Iraqi border, as well as his position on the 1922 Treaty. On Iraq, and also dealt with party activity and belonging to the parliamentary parties, which was intended to reach power, and concluded the chapter of the role of Ahmed AL - Sheikh Dawood in the Constituent Assembly of Iraq. The third chapter was devoted to the participation of Ahmed Al - Sheikh Dawood in the third Ministry of Abdul Mohsen Al Sadoun on 14 January 1928 - 28 April 1929 and included the Ministry of Endowments and explaining his activity in this ministry and its reforms within this ministry and his efforts to establish the religious division at Al - Bayt University, The foundation for the establishment of the Public Endowment Library and its position on the dispute over the property of the Ministry of Endowments. While the fourth chapter dealt with its roles in the Iraqi life parliament. We dealt with it role in Iraqi Founding Council and life parliamentary role through the records of the House of Representatives and the Senate's minutes of speeches, discussions and many suggestions, explaining its opinions, proposals and ideas on what is discussed in the two political, economic and administrative issues. This study produced a number of findings, and it became clear that Ahmad Al - Sheikh Dawood comes from a decent religious family. He grew up in an authentic Arab tradition and recorded his first political activity in 1919 when he joined the secret independence guard and his participation in the 20th national revolution. In his patriotism and patriotism through his participation in the establishment of the modern Iraqi state. He participated in the first Iraqi Foundational Council, participated in the House of Representatives and the Senate, and composed political parties, as well as administrative positions. With all this, the right and the equity invite us to say that Ahmad Al - Sheikh Dawood is one of the prominent politicians in Iraq who began his political activity with love and sacrifice for the country. He is a pioneer in honesty and integrity. There is no doubt about his integrity. When the monarchy in Iraq entered, he became one of his men and held many positions. Others provided with all dedication and sincerity in light of the circumstances in which Iraq lived conditions, namely the conditions of the monarchy.A personal political study such as Ahmed Al - Sheikh Dawood was not an easy study. There were difficulties faced by the researcher, the first of which was that Ahmed al - Sheikh Dawood did not leave personal memoirs, as well as his writings that were likely to serve the study were lost after his death

عادل عسيرته ودوره السياسي في لبنان 1905 - 1989 == Adel Osseiran Biography and Political Role in Lebanon (1905 - 1989

Author name: خنساء خيري جبر الحسيناوي

Supervisor name: عماد جاسم حسن الموسوي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: Adel Osseiran is an independent Lebanese political figure who worked hard for the independence of Lebanon and has a prominent political , economic and social role in the Lebanese arena. The first chapter dealt with the biography of Adel Osseiran and the most prominent figures who emerged from his family and their role in Lebanon.Where Adel Osiran began his political activity in 1936 and among the events that took place in Lebanon , where he participated in the conference of Sidon , the Sahel Conference and the Bint Jbeil uprising.The second chapter included his role in the Lebanese events in 1943. He worked hard for the independence of Lebanon with the people of independence. The newspapers and books spoke of his position. He also spoke about his position on the Palestinian issue (1946 - 1948). He played an effective and influential role. He pointed to the emphasis on Arabism and the right of the Palestinian people to stability. And that Palestine should be part of the Arab unity. What was studied in this chapter is the crisis of 1952 , the conference of Deir al - Qamar , the permanent alumni conference , and the Baghdad alliance, which rejected it and all the Western alliances , and it has been reported about its position in nationalizing the channel of licorice and triple aggression against Egypt. As well as his position on the Eisenhower project and his rejection of him, and highlight his role in the outbreak of the popular uprising in Lebanon.The title of the third chapter : the activity of Adel Osiran parliamentary and ministerial (1960 - 1970) , including his role in the elections in 1960 , as well as his role in the receipt of ministries , including the Ministry of Justice , Interior , Economy and Welfare , and then the Ministry of Public Works.The fourth chapter, entitled Adel Osseiran's Political Activity (1978 - 1989), included Adel Osseiran's position on the Israeli invaders of Lebanon and his role in the Geneva and Lausanne national dialogue confe

العلاقات السياسية المصرية التونسية 1956 - 1970 == The Egyptian - Tunisian Political Relations 1956 - 1970

Author name: فاطمة فالح جاسم الخفاجي

Supervisor name: صالح جعيول جويعد السراي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: The Egyptian - Tunisian political relations of the vital topics andimportant in the history of the Contemporary Arab world because ofthe close contact with the emergence of national and patriotic feelingwhich targeted the salvation of colonialism and anti - Europeandomination in all its forms and to obtain independence, as it enjoysboth countries important and influential geographical location, ascharacterized relations between Egypt and Tunisia instability, as it wastense at times and up to the point of severance of diplomatic relationsbetween the two parties, and at other times looking for ways to boostbilateral relations, and for this period of study it has witnessed manystages of the push and pull and tension in political relations, marred bya lot of uncertainty and mutual accusations between the parties aboutthe responsibility of each party to the degradation of these relations.Accordingly, we decided to study the subject and to give a clearpicture of these relationships in an attempt to shed light on the politicalaspect of the relations between the two countries, was identified in, the beginning of the study because it is the public who wasrepresenting Gamal Abdel Nasser took the Egyptian presidency inJune and also saw Tunisia's independence by protocol twentiethfrom March , after the French occupation of Tunisia ended, whenhe came in to be the end of the study being the year in which hedied, Egyptian President Gamal Abdel Nasser, who counted the end ofan important stage of the history of Egypt.Required by the nature of the study, divided into four chapterspreceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion, relying inthe division on the chronology in the presentation of facts andhistorical events in time and place and to develop the facts of which,analyzed and linked to each other so as to be visible in the historicalcontext, each chapter deals with the subject of an integrated selfcontained,which included the first chapter ((Egypt and TunisianNational Movement - )).The second chapter has reviewed ((Egyptian - Tunisian PoliticalRelations between - )) and be one of the four sections, theAbstractBfirst section discussed the political developments in Egypt in , theTunisian them and position, while the second section focused on theEgyptian position of the United States' policy US to Tunisia in ,through the study of the impact of the Eisenhower Doctrine on theEgyptian - Tunisian relations, spoke of the third section of theestablishment of the United Arab Republic in , the Tunisian themand position, while devoted the fourth section to follow twoassassination attempts Habib Bourguiba in and their impact onthe Egyptian Tunisian relations, the fifth was devoted to the study ofthe position of the United Arab Republic of Tunisia join the ArabLeague in .The third chapter study of the subject ((Swing Egyptian - TunisianPolitical Relations from to )) and the Department of turn foursections, the first dealt with the position of the United Arab Republic ofTunisian - French dispute over Bizerte base from to , camesecond section highlights the Egyptian - Tunisian Solidarity to addressthe problem of the course of the Jordan River diversion in , andthe third section presents Habib Bourguiba project for the settlement ofthe Arab - Israeli conflict in and the reactions of the United ArabRepublic, and the fourth section has touched on the Islamic allianceand the intensification of the Tunisian - Egyptian competition fromto .Chapter IV Treated ((A Reflection of the Arab - Israeli Conflict onthe Egyptian - Tunisian Political Relations ( - ))), which aredistributed to five sections, the first was Tunisia's position on the war inJune and its impact on the Egyptian - Tunisian convergence, asthe second topic included Egyptian efforts - Tunisian to remove theeffects of the aggression in , while the third section dealt with theEgyptian stances and Tunisia from the incident burning of Al - Aqsamosque in , and touched on the fourth section of them to theEgyptian - Tunisian relations, according to US policy in the light of the Arab - Israeli conflict in , it has also allocated fifth topic of study Cairo Conference and the death of Gamal Abdel Nasser in and reverberation it in the Tunisian Republic.In summary it can be observed that the Egyptian - Tunisian relations were not at the same pace but differentiated to some extent by the nature of each issue of international and surrounding circumstances, and relations between the two countries went through during the period ( - ) and tidal, which was dominated by the state of tension and the thing that you should pay attention to him thatinstability and differences in the relations between Bourguiba and Abdel Nasser is probably due to the similarity of the desire of both of them, led by the Arab world, or because of Nasser's the fact that it was supportive of his nemesis Salah Ben Youssef, differing deological Nasiriyah for Bourguibism, as well as personal differences, It is also noted that Tunisia has always been the first to cut off political relations with the United Arab Republic, which is returned by, as days showed Bourguiba experience and statesmanship.

الاوضاع الثقافية في لواء البصرة 1921 - 1939 == Cultural conditions in the Basra Brigade (1921 - 1939

Author name: وعد علي كاظم العبودي

Supervisor name: ازهار عبد الرحمن عبد الكريم اللفتة

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: Since its establishment , the Basra Brigade has enjoyed a high scientific status among the other Iraqi states. This is because of its strategic geographical position. It is the gate of the Arabian Gulf to the north and the only one of Iraq. It is the port of the world's merchant ship. In addition to the clubs and associations that have undertaken to spread the intellectual culture in various fields. Thus , the Basra Brigade witnessed during the period (19) 21 - 1939) a cultural renaissance affected by the events and changes that have taken place in the Iraqi arena in general and visual, especially in the political , economic , social or cultural , and therefore comes the importance of studying the cultural conditions of Basra Brigade of the role played by those situations in finding a qualitative leap in the history of visual society The cultural situation at the beginning of the establishment of the Iraqi state in 1921 represented the emergence of many aspects of social, economic and political life in the history of modern Iraq in general and the brigade of Basra in a new and developed manner. The selection of the subject (for the cultural conditions in the Basra Brigade (1921 - 1939) to be the subject of this study , especially as some academic studies were devoted to study on the Basra Brigade and included political, economic and health conditions , and not to allocate a study on cultural conditions in the Basra Brigade in this period, The study examined this vital aspect of the life of the nations in general. As the culture is composed of several elements , each chapter of this thesis focused on studying one of its elements to explain the gradual evolution and the extent to which each element influenced the increasing cultural awareness of the visual society. Adopted approach Of the topic in the writing of this study and adoption of the historical sequence in which each chapter curriculum to give a clear picture of each side it had a significant impact in enriching the cultural situation in the district of Basra. The period of (1921 - 1939) witnessed the beginning of the national government and its obvious impact on the emergence of intellectual political activities and thus its reflection on the cultural situation in the entire Iraqi state , including the Basra Brigade , because it represented the first actual experience calling for Reform and change on a liberal basis , giving the people a measure of political participation , and demanding parliamentary and legislative life, while the stand came in 1939, as a result of coinciding with political events that represent the first event of the death of King Ghazi. The other incident is the Second World War , Clear in the Cultural and intellectual YAH then, given what deserves to devote another search on them.The study consisted of a preface , three chapters , a conclusion and an appendix. The preface entitled "Cultural Conditions in the State of Basrah" (1908 - 1921) provided an introduction to the subject of the research. It dealt with the definition of culture as a language and a term and explained how the constitutional coup in 1908 contributed to the crystallization of cultural awareness in Iraq (1914 - 1918) , a period that represented the First World War. The research also followed the most important political and intellectual developments that took place in the Iraqi arena during the years 1918 - 1921).The first chapter sheds light on the educational policy in the Basra Brigade , from the arrival of King Faisal I in 1921 to the outbreak of the Second World War in 1939. The chapter dealt with three topics. (1932 - 1939). The third topic of the chapter included the study of the impact of education on the emergence of cultural activities , especially the activities and the Scouts , sports and technical and political.The second chapter deals with aspects of culture , the press aspect of the Basra Brigade, titled "Newspapers and Visual Magazines during 1921 - 1939" and its cultural impact on the renaissance of the visual society.During the period (1921 - 1930) , and studied the second subject after the introduction of a simple introduction to the impact of political developents in Iraq and its reflection on the visual newspapers during the period (1930 - 1933) , which followed the study of the continued harassment of the government in the issuance of laws unfair to the press , After the entry of Iraq to the League of Nations , as well as reviewed the subject The third most prominent political newspapers that appeared in the banner of Basra and what are the most important cultural roles undertaken by the social and economic, especially , in addition to the political dimensions that were intended to.The first chapter focused on the role of the religious trend in the dissemination of Islamic thought , while the second section continued the development of Marxist thought and the emergence of the Communist Party And the idea that he put forward in the Iraqi arena in general and the brigade of Basra in particular , and the emergence of organizations that infiltrated the ranks of workers in the port. The third topic dealt with the growing national awareness in the Iraqi arena , which occupied a large space in the visual society during the early thirties influenced by the growth of national consciousness in the Gulf region , as a result of the internal and external factors that contributed to this , and the emergence of national organizations in the Basra Brigade, which carried with them national ideas worked to publish through various means. The fourth topic , which brought the title of the literary movement and its cultural impact in the brigade , And the impact on the cultural situation in the renaissance of the visual society , as well as the most prominent pioneers of the literary movement at the Iraqi and Arab levels and how their literary output affected the raising of the culturallevel of the Iraqi society in general and the visual in particular.

هاشم البحراني منهجه وموارده في كتابه حلية الابرار محمد اله الاطهار == Mr. Hashim al - Bahrani and his methodology and resources in his book Ornament of the righteous in the conditions of Muhammad and his family the pure

Author name: حسن علي حسين الاسدي

Supervisor name: فاضل كاظم صادق العبادي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Islamic History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

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Abstract: It has influenced the crystallization of the personality of Mr. Hashim Bahrani two things : First : the reliance on the legacy of religious and scientificcontributed actively to the crystallization of personality and maturity and ability to influence the community, especially as the descendant of the Hashemite Doha, and second : successor to us from the legacy where he left a huge scientific heritage, And the emergence of this figure as a giant in the scientific arena where he witnessed all of his time with science and credit and excellence even considered his work equal, but more than what Sheikh Majlisi, who was using his students at the same time The master was working alone.Most of his writings have been the subject of the Prophet's Hadith, and his reliance on him was essentially the same. He was one of the great scholars who saw the necessity of reviving the Hadith and heritage of the prophet Muhammad and his household and working in it because it stems from the spirit of Islamic and the place of revelation, Glory be to Him.Mr. Hashim is a living example of the Bahrain School, which is a scientific institution that has played a major role in supporting the scientific movement in Bahrain and its neighboring countries of Qatif, Ahsa, Iran, Shiraz and Isfahan.Mr. Bahrani exerted all his abilities and his age for that. He enriched the Islamic library with dozens of books in various religious sciences, which included interpretation, jurisprudence, beliefs, principles, ethics, theology, and men biography. His writings confirm the doctrines of the Imams, such as the infidels and the imamate. Most of them were meant to collect the Hadiths of the prophet Muhammad and his family, to categoriesBthem, to coordinate them, correct them by comparing them with more than one source. On the sources considered by the Islamic communities and its source varied and died some of them do not exist at present.The Book of (Ornament of Righteousness) is the focus of research one of the books written by Mr. Bahrani in the same field of scientific documentation, and has dedicated the Bahrani book to a large part of the life and biography of the Prophet Mohammad and the twelve imams. This included part of their virtues, their knowledge, their general characteristics, their worship, their deeds, actions, words, food, asceticism, clothing, appearance, status and status. God Almighty and what must be the people of obedience and control them, it includes the political, religious and social aspects.Has been reflected in this book great effort that Mr. Al - Bahrani has done through the many sources and resources that he has adopted in writing this book, where we see with many sources the state of diversity that characterized the effort.

نايف حواتمه ونضاله القومي ودوره في القضية الفلسطينية 1935 - 1979 == Nayef Hawatmeh And His National Struggle and his Role in the Palestinian Cause 1935 - 1979

Author name: كريم مويح هديب الجمالي

Supervisor name: علي حسين نمر الاسماعيلي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: A number of political figures have emerged in the history of modern and contemporary Palestine, which played a large and clear role in shaping the Palestinian resistance policy against the Israeli occupation. Among these figures is Nayef Hawatmeh, who emerged as a leader and activist who contributed to many political events and developments on the Palestinian and Arab levels. He did not receive an academic study dealing with his life and his political and military role in contemporary Palestinian and Arab history. 0 It was optional for the character of Nayef Hawatmeh for the role he played and the important position he reached. He is the person who witnessed the events of 1948 and saw the decision to partition Palestine. Nayef Hawatmeh, founder of the Popular Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine and a member of the Arab Nationalist Movement, was an active and important element in the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine.The first chapter dealt with the emergence of Nayef Hawatmeh and his biography and political activity until 1958. He focused on two topics that focused on clarifying his birth and the social and political conditions that accompanied him as a revolution. (1948), and the manifestations of oppression suffered by his family and the people of his town by the Israeli occupation, as well as the beginning of his studies at the university in Egypt, and belonging to the movement of Arab nationalists and the legacy of university study to start its political activity.The second chapter dealt with the role of Nayef Hawatmeh in the 1958 revolution in Iraq. He also dealt with the role of Nayef Hawatmeh in the 1963 revolution when he formulated the political, social and national project of the coup against the government of Abdel Salam Aref. The second chapter included the case of Yemen and the role of Hawatmeh between 1963 - 1968 when the conflict existed in Yemen before liberation and the unification of southern Yemen, where Hawatmeh Preparation and writing of the program m The National Front in South Yemen, called Zanzibar Conference in Aden, also included the role of Hawatmeh from the events that appeared on the Arab arena suchAbstract Bas the 1973 war and its role in providing a phased program to end the Arab - Palestinian conflict and what should be done after the end of that conflict, Hawatmeh for the bombings carried out by the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine in Israeli airports and buildings.The third chapter focused on the August 1968 conference and the split of the Democratic Front when Ahmed Jibril came out of the Arab nationalist movement and the formation of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine - General Command, and the establishment of a clear leftist political program which many considered the beginning of the real start of the democratic front and the formation of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine And the most important meetings held by the Hawatmeh and the Front of the settlement projects represented by the Rogers project and the Cairo agreement.The fourth chapter deals with the events of Black September that took place between the Palestinian resistance and the Jordanian government, where Hawatmeh played a major role in standing up to the Jordanian authority and participating in numerous battles against Israel along with the Palestinian resistance through statements and conferences in which he srevolutionaries present in Jordan Lebanon, especially its stand with the Palestinian rebels in the Lebanese civil war and its rejection of the Camp David Agreement, which was considered one of the most important settlement projects to end the war between Israel on the one hand and Palestinians and Arabs on the other.The Sorces was based on a number of Thesis and university papers that benefited the researcher , including the letter Azhar Habib Mahdi ¸ entitled George Habash , his biography and role in the Palestinian national stuggle until 1973 . and a masters thesis entitled “ Ahmed Jibril , his biography , military role and political activism in the palestinian cause ˶ by researcher Furat Adil lafteh .The books were the most important book in memory of a journey to the memory of Hawatmeh . the book of the Arab Nationalists movement originated and developed through its documents(1951 - 1968) of Hani al - Hindi and Abdul - Elah al - Nasrawi .The study concluded that Hawatmeh is one of the political leaders who fought for the cause of Palestine . there was a significant change in the Palestinian arena in 1968 through the conference of August 1968. In which Hawatmeh played a central Role and developed the Role of left wing within the framework of the Nationalist movement . Hawatmeh was one of the leaders who clearly called for a solution based on United Nations Resolutions and Political settlement

موقف ابن خلدون (ت 808ه/1405م) من اهل البيت عليهم السلام واتباعهم : دراسة نقدية تحليلية == The position of Ibn Khaldun (T 808 AH / 1405 AD) of the people of the House peace be upon them and followers (analytical critical study)

Author name: عقيل حواس خيون الفرطوسي

Supervisor name: كاظم عبد نتيش الخفاجي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Islamic History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: The status of the people of the House and their privacy has become an important area in the context of the Quran and the Sunnah. The Quranic verses and Hadiths have come to remind Muslims of this status and importance and their positive impact on the Islamic Ummah, indicating the nature of the relationship that must connect Muslims to the people of the House by emphasizing the centrality, And above all and they are the extension dimension of the Prophet peace be upon him and God and the Islamic message The study that we are putting in the hands of the reader is an attempt to test and examine the status of the people of the House of peace be upon them and their position in the Khaldun discourse. We have not yet found an independent study that reveals the true Khaldun position of the people of the House peace be upon them and eliminates the ambiguity that surrounded him with the wide fame and far - His speech is moderate towards the people of the House peace be upon them and is deprived of passions and prejudices away from the arbitrary judgments governed by the results of the advance and the extent of his commitment to the conditions he decided for those who write history these questions and others we tried to answer in light of the data provided by the following sources In the critical and analytical approach after reading and deconstructing the Chaldean discourse and using the comparative method to clarify some of the problems. The nature of the article required the division of the study into four chapters preceded by an introduction followed by a conclusion and proven sources and references. The first chapter dealt with the life of Ibn Khaldun and his social successes with a quick study of his age through the political, social, intellectual and economic aspects, and then we dealt with his scientific life through his sheikhs who had a great impact on his personality as well as his cultural output and the dimensions of the personality of the Khaldunia through the psychological and moral dimension Ibn Khaldun in the formulation of his positions of the people of the House peace be upon them. The second chapter was entitled "The personality of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) in the Chaldean discourse. He divided on a number of topics. He began by introducing the people of the House to them as well as his position on the imamate and his impressions of it and the reasons that led to these convictions. Then, the search for his position on the front of Ali peace be upon him where the beginning of the talk of the house and how to blackout Ibn Khaldun on this incident after we mentioned his position on the role of Ali Ali peace be upon him in the battle of one compared to the positions of others, through the talk of status and the extent of its attachment to Imam Ali peace be upon him Ibn Khaldun ignored this talk. The third chapter under the title of Ibn Khaldun and the imams after the forward on the peace of peace and dedicated to several topics, the first of which is his position on the peace of Imam Hassan peace be upon him and his unilateral view of the presentation of the incident of reconciliation. The other topic dealt with the death of Imam Hassan peace be upon him and the reason why Ibn Khaldun denied the involvement of Muawiya in the assassination, General of the revolutions Introduction to know his position on the revolution of Imam Hussein peace be upon him and reflected in it the nature of the confused situation of Ibn Khaldun and the lack of clarity of his vision around it, the latter topic about his position on the issue of Mahdism and the nature of exile and skepticism carried out by Ibn Khaldun. The fourth chapter, entitled Ibn Khaldun among the followers of Ahl al - Bayt (peace be upon them) and their opponents (the double standard). This chapter guarantees knowledge of Ibn Khaldun's views on the followers of the people of the house.

محمد محمود باشا ودوره السياسي في مصر (1878 - 1941) == Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha and political role in Egypt until 1941

Author name: الاء جابر طاهر ميس النصر الله

Supervisor name: علي حسين نمر الاسماعيلي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: The study of Arab political figures, especially the Egyptian personalities, are growing in importance by Iraqi researchers, and optional on the personality of Mohamed Mahmoud signed until 1941 Pasha reasons, including : produced the difficult times of the history of Egypt, men have had a prominent impact on political events and making the task of history, and left those figures obvious mark on the pages of this history. witnessed Egyptian political life after World War I, the emergence of many political figures, which had an active role in the political developments, and these characters Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha, and is well - known in Egypt political figures, and prominent figures that have passed on Egypt, and affected it a clear impact through his participation in the national movement and his defense of the rights of Egypt and gain independence from the British occupation, and also longer and through his administrative and political positions and the presidency of the party, the federal Constitution, the second largest party after the Wafd Party on the Egyptian arena, and becoming prime minister more than once, and here The importance of personal Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha study. The message was divided on three chapters, preceded by an introduction, followed by a ConclusionExperienced researcher great difficulties, including poor access to sources of important documents, especially the British documents, and lack of presence in the public and private our libraries because of the circumstances and events experienced by our dear country, and has suffered from looting and sabotage of the role of science. Researcher relied on documents unpublished, including the royal court files are available in the Library and Archives, and published documents, and the books that came in the forefront of the book (Selimiye family biography of a family of Upper Egypt), which is a great book the Alexandria Library in cooperation with the family of Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha ordering and had a great significance in our study of what the thrust of very important information and documents in a very important concerning the personal search, as well as some British documents concerning the period in question, as well as a book (the moderates in Egyptian politics - the study of the role of Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha) for the author Majida Mohammed Hamoud , and the book : (1922 - 1953) constitutional party authored by Ahmed Zakaria Alhalg, a broad and a great book, and it was with an academic turn in his study of the party, especially as the figure in question was a deputy to the party when it was founded and then as its President, and other books, including books Abd al - Rahman al - Rafai, especially his book (in the wake of the Egyptian revolution). The book Younan Labib Rizk is marked by (the history of Egyptian ministries), who followed the formation of the Egyptian ministries and their curricula and their positions. And it adopted the message on the diary some Egyptian politicians, the likes of Mohammed Hassanein Heikal, and book Abdel Azim Mohammed Ramadan (the evolution of the national movement in Egypt. And benefited the message from some of the messages and Alotarih own study of political, economic and social developments in Egypt, such as message (national movement in Egypt 1916 - 1922) researcher Adel Hussein Dvar Fartusi, and message (Ali Maher and the role of Egyptian politics) of the researcher Mason Fayyad sprue Abadi, as well as the message (of life Egypt's parliamentary 1936 - 1945) scholar Jamal Faisal Hamad Al - Muhammadi. The message was based on a number of books in English, which reflected the vision of the authors about the general situation in Egypt, the most important book (Eygpt Since Crome) authored by Dr. Lloyd George, as well as a book (JCBRiclmond Egyol 1898 - 1952) authored JCBRichmon, which contained important information about Egypt's history since the French protectorate over Egypt until the revolution of July 23, 1952, benefited from the researcher, particularly in chapter II and III. And he hired a researcher with some Egyptian and Iraqi newspapers and magazines, including the press (policy) and (Al - Ahram) (communication), and the Journal of the University of Babylon and the Journal of the University of Dhi Qar and magazine Baghdad University.After the completion of the writing of this study and scientific research result and depending on the Arabic historical documents and sources and references relevant, the study was able to reach a number of conclusions, namely : Downhill Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha of an old family owns many lands and its social weight, and the owners of positions, and worked Aba policy and grandfathers, and the big family house seat of seminars and meetings of literary, political, even counting his father Salon literary home in his own time. This political and moral legacy refine personal Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha, it was the intellectual and ideological affiliation of the Wafd Party Group II to refine this character, which placed him in a row moderate politicians. Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha put theory or ideas to demand the independence of Egypt from the British occupation, through negotiations not do revolutions against the British, the belief that these revolutions will bring with them the horrors and devastation, so put before his eyes Theory (Take student), and make it the exactitude in demanding independence from Britain . After his dismissal from the Wafd Party in 1922, he founded the Constitutions Liberal Party, to compete with the Wafd Party and to support Adli not take over the ministry, after the competition between the latter and Saad Zaghloul about the prime minister, and has had a major role in the political life of the party, and can be several of the most powerful figures who chaired the Party, which under his head throughout his life, and he imposes his views on the party members, and it seemed clear that the party's participation in the Ministry of copper 1927 - 1928 in spite of parking the most important leaders of the party against this decision. Characterized his relationship with the palace between the tides, for many reasons, it is against the absolute power of the king, and his rejection of the idea that the king is the leader of an Islamist; because he is in this capacity will be controlled entirely matters, and this is what was evident and clear when the ministry took in 1928 where the clash seemed clear in matters of governance between him and King Fouad, and got in some times alliances between him and the palace was for the purposes of his own and belong to the palace, especially as they stood together against the Wafd Party, but this relationship has not always be quiet, but you get clashes between the palace and Mahmoud Mahmoud Pasha when he took over after the ministry after the sacking of the ministry copper, and an example that despite its cooperation with it in the beginning of the palace, but after the elections in 1938, he wanted to exercise the full powers, which was born from the collision with the new palace. Despite being members of the Wafd Party before separating from him, but he was not inclined to the ideas of the party, stood as hostile to his policy position, and the fact that the Wafd Party the majority party and his party's minority party, he took the anti - Wafd Party policy when the ministry received, and that all actions unconstitutional by the During his reign was directed in particular to the Wafd Party. In spite of all the policies that followed, including the non - constitutional, but we find him a major role in Egyptian politics, may be negatively and sometimes positively Other times, these are the conditions and the behavior of public figures, as being in their interest with political events

لويس فيليب (1773 - 1850) سياسته الداخلية والخارجية == Louis Philippe (1773 - 1850) His Domestic And Foreign Policy

Author name: نرجس كريم خضير الخفاجي

Supervisor name: نعيم كريم عجيمي الشويلي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: History of the European track of many of the characters prestigious in the community, especially at the Political level to the effect that left on the reality in which they live and the different effects and orientation, according to the environment in which and the Place they operate in our society lived as well as cultural and Social level where it grew up. The subject of the study has a personal political dimensions because of the high Social status are returning to one of the oldest royal families in the European continent, Louis Philippe is due relative to the Orleans family of one the branches of the royal family Bourbon which ruled France for centuries. He is the first and the last of the Orleans family, he rule France after 1830 July Revolution which ended the rule of the Bourbon finally in France and overthrew his cousin Charles X of topping Louis throne of France according to the will of the French people under "King citizen's "name was his 18 years. The last ten years of his reign has seen political turmoil, reflected in the large number of ministries, which amounted about ten ministries, as well as numerous attempts to assassinate the king especially, making it a sign of the fact that the French people have tired of the case that it is the one who has not seen a change from the before, Louis near to him bourgeoisie class and former kings near the clergy and nobility classes. As well as economic situation is not good, low wages and had working conditions and prices on rise. We can not overlook the cultural evolution of the country schools have increased and there were in each region and in creased students obviously, and it began to hear the voices of the speakers in parliament. This expanse of freedom has encouraged people to claim their rights especially the electoral impact of the opposition leaders who have helped increase knowledge and cultural awareness of the French community to claim their rights guaranteed by the constitution, which led the king oath of allegiance.The constitutional king did not learn alesson, which before him and he did not win people to his side, he neglected the poor and workers who deteriorating situation much because the industrial evolution of the country making the community living on a volcano waiting for a time in which explodes. It come that decisive to feel the community on his finished page of the monarchy in France to begin a new era in France, where the new regime is trying to take advantage of the mistakes of the previous eras and rise in the country at all levels and fields. At the same time, at every body hopes to be the next new good on the country for all members of Society without discrimination of sectarian. The study was divided in to four chapters included the first chapter about his life and education as well as impact resulting from the position of the French 1789. The chapter two studied the circumstances that created the situation for Louis Philippe the throne of France and main development in the period of the rule until 1845. The chapter three searched about French foreign policy at the European continent and its position on the Belgian Revolution 1830 and Italian Revolution 1831, and the issue of conflict on the throne of Spain and Portugal during the period of Louis Philippe. The chapter four explained the French internal political developments that led to the outbreak of the Revolution 1848 with mention the biography events Revolution until Louis Philippe waivered about his throne then he left France towards to Britain until his death. The study was based on number of sources to be distributed between documents and sources of Arabic and foreign as well as build on some the previous academic studies that were related to the study as well as other sources have been mention in the of sources.

فؤاد بطرس ودوره السياسي في لبنان 1917 - 1982 == Fouad Boutros and his Political Role in Lebanon 1917 - 1982

Author name: مرتضى خلف حسين السهلاني

Supervisor name: صالح جعيول جويعد السراي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: The study of personalities who played different roles in the political, economic and social aspects played a large role in modern history because of the importance of the individual in the formation of society, and that this type of studies is fraught with many difficulties due to divergent opinions about this personality or personal interest Or sectarian and partisan differences, but we tried to exercise caution and objectivity for fear of slipping into favoritism and bias, and in light of our understanding of the specificity of this approach. Most studies and books dealing with the history of Lebanon focused on Lebanon's general political situation, Political figures who exercised a prominent role in moving historical events and painted features, we chose the subject of the message (Fouad Boutros and political role in Lebanon 1917 - 1982) left because of a significant impact in the contemporary history and memory of the Lebanese came. The study was divided into four chapters. The first chapter focused on the emergence of Fouad Boutros and his social and administrative composition until one year 1959 ) dealt with the historical roots of the family of Fuad Boutros, his origin, his teaching and the difficulties he faced, and how he began his activity in the legal profession and in the administrative posts he obtained in the Ministry of Justice.The second chapter was entitled "The Political Activity of Fuad Boutros under Fuad Shehab and Charlo Helou 1959 - 1969". It was divided into three sections. The first topic dealt with the entry of Fuad Boutros, the political activist and his ministerial role in the era of Fuad Shehab, focusing on his activities in the ministries he occupied, And his position on the coup attempt of the Syrian National Party. The second topic dealt with the activities of Fuad Boutros, the minister and the diplomat during the reign of Charles Helou. He highlighted his most prominent actions and procedures in the Ministries of Defense and Education, Of the Lebanese territory, and a course in addressing the Lebanese - Syrian crisis in 1968, while the third section focused on the role of Fouad Boutros Parliament (1960 - 1968), including his efforts in the formation of an independent parliamentary bloc and the movement of national progress , which were his leadership, as well as its effective role in the victory of President Charles Helou in the elections that took place in the House of Representatives in 1964.The third chapter, entitled "The Diplomatic and Military Role of Fouad Boutros in the Lebanese Civil War of 1976 - 1978", examined the events of the period mentioned in three sections, the first of which was the activity of Fouad Boutros under the government of Elias Sarkis during 1976 - 1977; The second topic deals with the role of Fouad Boutros in the face of the 1978 crises represented by his position on the Fayyadiyya incident and his diplomatic activity in the face of the first Israeli invasion in 1978. the third He focused on the attempts of Fouad Boutros to organize the Lebanese military establishment for the years 1977 - 1978 as defense minister during the said period.The fourth chapter sheds light on (Fouad Boutros 'diplomatic efforts to confront the Lebanese political developments 1979 - 1982). He divided into two sections, the first of which dealt with Fouad Boutros' diplomatic moves to deal with the Lebanese crises (1979 - 1980), which included his position on the renewal of the southern problem and its impact on the situation (1981 - 1982). He studied the movements of Fouad Boutros and the solutions he presented to deal with the crisis of Zahle and the missiles in general. 1981, as well as its activities And Massey to face the second Israeli invasion in 1982, and concluded the chapter by the resignation of Fouad Boutros political work in October 1982. It focused its political role in the first two phases under President Fouad Chehab and Charles Helou, the most prominent a Sttaa accomplished in this era through the receipt of the Ministry of Justice is to make the first word to eliminate not Askar, and succeeded in achieving a fair trial for two coups nationalists, and at the level of the State Department proved diplomatic prowess Through which he gained the support of the world countries for the rights and sovereignty of Lebanon on his own land, as well as succeeded in extracting resolution 262, which condemned Israel for the first time in the United Nations.A is the second phase of the currency of political began in the era of President Elias Sarkis marked a his side a joint working group based on the ideas of the special joint moderation and political balance, characterized by his diplomacy during the civil war by clicking on the axes of conflict and succeeded in which the reduction of Israeli attacks on land And the implementation of the early stages of the Staoura Agreement. His policy was based on the reconciliation of flexibility and firmness, the rejection of the Palestinian armed presence on Lebanese territory, the great efforts exerted to defend Lebanon during the first and second Israeli incursions, E. Diplomacy With the adoption of Resolution 425, we can say that Fouad Boutros is a first - class politician, as he is like the trend of balance and balance in the time of sectarianism and the aftermath of the civil war

صورة الامام علي (عليه السلام) في كتاب السيرة النبوية لابن هشام المتوفى 218هـ

Author name: شاكر هوله سابط

Supervisor name: حسين علي الشرهاني

General topic: History

Specific topic: Islamic History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: Praise be to Allah, prayer and peace be upon the Messengers of God and honorable human companions Abu al - Qasim Muhammad the Messenger of Allah, the God of pure Almentajabin righteous God who go about them and cleanse them abomination cleansing ...The figure, Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) and one of the largest and the great figures in the history of them inspired by the lessons he is with us at all times and that the apartment several time between us and him ...It is present in our hearts and our consciences in the neighborhood, a voice of truth and justice in all arenas tenor pride and glory and dignity can not be any free Sheriff scan image always lie and never caller all the time not to humiliation and disgrace. It is noticeable that the heroic and Kramath and qualities were not confined to the battlefield only, but was in all areas of life teacher and guide and mentor is the Nasser of the oppressed defender always in word and deed for the right is with the truth and the truth with him is the title for those who wanted a decent life dominated by the Justice and flooded with human dignity. And it is impossible for any historian or writer, no matter how the business acumen and genius, that comes to you even in a thousand pages full of great caliber Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him), and the era eventful enormous Kalhakbh which he lived, the one who thought and contemplation and told him and his work that the Arab giant between him and himself and Rabbo did not hear what was then appointed thoughtfulness which is much more than his hand or broadcast his tongue. Noting that every picture is incomplete imagined his image inevitably (). The comes to the mind of the recipient when Note the title of this study that the speech which revolves around the figure of Imam Ali (peace be upon him), but it's a much different as the focus of our research is how it was filmed Imam Ali bin Abi Talib through the Biography of the Prophet Is Ibn Hisham transfer us image of Imam Ali Facts therefore we have gone Choose a title for this study marked by ((Picture Imam Ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) through the book Biography of the Prophet Ibn Hisham deceased (218 AH - 833 m))). Departing from the idea of trying to Kalmsour Amkanh as much effort and energy and his knowledge describe the thing that wants to Agah and honest description derived from sources and basic resources, and make the maximum of his effort to get to the accident but who is looking where (). The importance of the subject of two main factors, namely : 1. Personal Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) and his leading role in the events of the Prophet's biography as her manThe first after the Messenger of Allah (God bless him and his family), there is no detail of the joints of the Islamic Dawa and happened in the Biography of the Prophet, but had to Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) clear his mark as wonderful and accomplished in its completion.2. high profile book Biography of the Prophet Ibn Hisham between biography and wrote Maghazi where isThe first book of the news Biography and details despite what happened out of discipline, and that the importance of this book made of researchers irreplaceable and exceeded in operations research and study, therefore we must highlight it and how the image of Ali bin transfer Abi Talib (peace be upon him), His biography does justice to Ibn Ishaq and Ibn Hisham Mhzbha those personal Tpreezha to the nation as a leader has to do everything for the sake of Islam and Muslims? . Therefore it is necessary to discuss this matter in earnest and clear statement for the purpose of effects of sectarian, political and intellectual role in influencing Ibn Hisham in a statement image of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib. Valmlahz that many of the narrators and historians has blocked the true picture of the recipient machining times or jamming at other times or in the heart of the facts, formed where there is a large blurry can not a man be groping real features of that picture. Vdorena in this study is to indicate that and raise confusion and wanted to historians and owners Biography of the transfer of things that are not true to the nation to implement the desires and tendencies of political, sectarian or ideological as starting points from which the narrator or biographer. The researcher has divided the study into four chapters are as follows.The first chapter was entitled Biography of the Prophet between development and refinement and contained this chapter on the three sections was the first section titled sources Biography of the Prophet The second section was a specialist statement in his biography basic Muhammad ibn Ishaq where identification of his biography and political influences that occurred underneath during the codification of the biography and taking them out in Book according to well - defined methodology. The third section only polite to study singled out the biography of Ibn Ishaq, the son of Hisham and what are his reasons to fine tune the Biography of the Prophet. The second chapter was under the title of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) from birth to immigration where divided into two topics we dealt with in the first study of Imam Ali ratios (peace be upon him) as stated in the biography of Ibn Hisham The second topic was studied birth blessed and his conversion to Islam and modern house and left him blessed. The third chapter was the title of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) of the Immigration until the conquest of Mecca, where this chapter divided into three sections the first section titled migration of Imam Ali and subsequent events such as fraternity and his marriage to Zahra (Peace out) then Tknyth Abu dust of either Section The second researcher has dealt with the transfer of the image of Imam Ali in the battles of Badr and one The third topic was the address to the image jihadist in front of Ali bin Abi Talib in the following battles for one such trench and Banu Qurayza and Banu absolute, has been touched on how the transfer of modern ideas for Then the battle of Khyber. The fourth chapter entitled Imam Ali (peace be upon him) from the opening until the death of the Prophet (God bless him and his family), has been divided into three sections. In the first part, has Imam Ali study in the conquest of Mecca and the second section highlighted the Imam Ali (peace be upon him) after the conquest of Mecca. The third section, which titled Imam Ali in the Prophet illness and after his death, where they were addressed through it to what happened in Saqifah where jealousy course of the history of Islam have spoken of succession to Abu Bakr bin Abi dipper. Because of the capacity as a subject to discuss a very important issue and must find a true picture of the author of the study we have adopted in our study on the task of a variety of sources and we will review some of them

سياستا الولايات المتحدة الامريكية والاتحاد السوفيتي تجاه مشكلة الصحراء الغربية 1973 - 1984 == two polices of United States America and the Union Soviet twards the difficulties of the Western Desart 1973 - 1984

Author name: خالد صلف عبد الجبوري

Supervisor name: علي حسين نمر الاسماعيلي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: The case of western desert had occupied a vast importance on both the territorial and the international lever . it was registered as one of the most complicated problems which had been unsolvable .because of the neet planning that had been designed by the colonialism .thus the direct reason that made the matter more complex is the international interferencde by the USA and the USSR .thus interference worked on spoiling the case and not solve it because each of them were aiming to achaive economic political and sratigical benefits from the conflicted states algeria as asocailist country was commericial partner of the united state of amereca at the same time Algeria was supported by the USSR while morocco as kingdom was loyal to the west and had commirical relaishn with the USSR and was supported by the USA Besides the polisario front as alibratiry movment hadnot been supported by the USSR which ad been agreed supported for all movment int third world therefore .USSR was obliged to adopt an indirect support policy .the case of the western desert still the only left file othe arab western arab hombland out of the world war files that had been unsolvable it is must to say that because of the great importance of policy of the USA and USSR towards the case of the western desert 1973_1984 it is chosen as subject of the this theses which contains an introduction and four chapter and cloase .i explained in the first introdatory chapter atittle as the geographical and economic and human and historical elements of the western desert while the second chapter was devoted for study of the strategy and the establishment of the polisario front. And the policy of the USA toward the case of the western desert from 1973 till the Spanish with retreat on rhe 28 of april 1976.policy of USA an USSR toward the case of the western desert after 28 april 1976 and towards the france and in the interference and desert 1977 _1978 till 1981 the forth chapter wasgiven atitle policy of the USSR and USA toward the case of the western desert of the presdant REGAN 1981 _1984 and under of the work of the international and Organazition the thesis has conelded the policy of the united states of America and the united soviet sociast

موقف الاحزاب الجزائرية من سياسة الاحتلال الفرنسي للجزائر 1918 - 1954 == Algerian parties position of French Algeria policy 1918 - 1954

Author name: انوار هاشم سعد البدري

Supervisor name: عباس حسين مجيسر الجابري

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: The lot of researches interested in studying the political parties because they have played a role in the communities through people who belong to parties and dealing with the effects of society.Parties a vital role in creating a system of political, economic and social life and convert divisions to the unity and with wise is true according to the culture and opinions and, ideas belonging to those parties are liaison between the people and power.The year has chosen 1918 the beginning of to the thesis subject being a year in which first world war ended It .Represented a new stage in a lot of trends, concepts and reflections that it happened in the world because the war namely in Algeria 1954 that it happened in it the revolution of Algeria as result oppressed revolution against occupation . A thesis consits of four chapters , the chapter one is introductory chapter, this chapter involved the position of the occupations policy until 1918 and it contained three sections , the first involved the French occupation of Algeria ,the second secyion involved the starting of Algeria ,parting and the third treated the occupation of policy and the positions of parties towards it .The chapter tow explained the position of Algeria parties ,of occupation of policy between two wars .It contained three section ,the first section involved the reforms carried out by France 1919 and the centenary of the French occupation .France started to preparation of this occasion, before three years, the second section explained the procedure that France followed , against the association of Muslims scholars while the third section involved shootan legislative against the Arabic language that it considered foreigh language and other procedure .The chapter three explained the situation Algeria of parties against occupation policy during two war world . the first section involved the procedures that followed Vitchy government which collaborated with German in Algeria and the procedures and Digool in Algeria and reaction from it in the seeond section while the third section involved , the oppressed policy of France against the people of Algeria and it committed amasser by (45,000) victims , in addition the thesis studied the period after two world war until the revolution 1954.that it involved the studying the development policy of France after two world war.The most important that it finding it, nominal ottoman administration to Algeria was one of the important reasons that led to the French occupation , Algeria parties in the starting weren't in level of party , also events of two world war Algeria during two world war Algeria was focus that through, the French controlled their hitting against , their enemies.On the other hand the American worked in Algeria to improvement the position of jews and their re privileges because they realized the importance of them in U.S A , and therefore it reflected on economic situation of U.S.A

الوجود الفلسطيني في الكويت 1961 - 1991 : دراسة تاريخية == Palestinian presence in Kuwait 1961 - 1991 (Historical Study)

Author name: حسين فالح جياد

Supervisor name: عبد الرسول شهيد عجمي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: The research aims to address the issue of the Palestinian presence in Kuwait, which spanned from 1961 - 1991, where Kuwait has witnessed the influx of large numbers of Palestinians on its territory because of the Arab - Israeli wars and the ensuing forced displacement of Palestinians to various parts of the world, including Kuwait, and Kuwait began to exploit human potential Palestinian in their favor starting the use of the educational mission of the Palestinian, which played an active part in the development of this vital sector and spread Palestinians contributions to the development of the other in Kuwait sectors, including the oil sector, including the oil sector and the health sector, the army and police, although the Palestinians contributions to the construction of the State of Kuwait, but the Kuwaiti government and even after political independence in 1961, will not compromise on the issue of granting citizenship to the Palestinians and put impossible conditions aimed from behind to reduce the growth of the Palestinian presence and turn it into a permanent presence I took is the Palestinians that a temporary presence, but Kuwait has shown a high amount of understanding of the problem of the Palestinians on its territory, worked to absorb and handle it with the utmost seriousness and spirit of national and Arab hospitable driven by the quest to win the respect of the Arab world have, especially since Arabism, national and national standards were measured on the attention span of the regulations to the Palestinian cause and the Palestinians specifically, Kuwait became the main theater of the Palestinian diaspora even became the talk of the Palestinian entity is the main concern for the Palestinians in Kuwait, especially in the first few months of 1964 and confirmed by the first Arab Summit Conference held in Cairo in 1964, headed by Gamal Abdel Nasser, as the latter commissioned Ahmed Shuqairi the task of establishing an entity for the Palestinians, after the establishment of the Palestinian Liberation Organization, Ahmed Shukairy opened a special office in Kuwait. Then open the office door to join the Palestinian Liberation Army has consistently office himself to do military training and the organization's Liberation Army in Kuwait, after a setback in June 1967, Kuwait called for the convening of a conference of Arab foreign ministers to discuss the situation and participated Kuwait some military forces in this war also reached large numbers of army Palestinian Liberation coming from Kuwait towards Iraq through Jordan and Syria to participate in this war, and as a result of the war in 1967, the flow of thousands of Palestinians from the West Bank and Gaza Strip on Kuwait stability where after Israeli troops took control of the land and the Ptahjaarham the Kuwaiti government refused at the time the students are learning in schools citing the lack of places to have, but the officials at the organization's office persuaded the use of its schools in the afternoon and these schools lasted from 1967 - 1976 where he closed this year, Palestinian residents participated in Kuwait inhabitants and political events that were taking place in the region, including in October in war 1973 and the events of black September and the armed movement in Dhofar and civil war in Lebanon province down to their involvement in recent terrorist attacks in Kuwait in the eighties which is the impact on their relationship with the Kuwaiti government, which took looking for a reason to get them out of Kuwait, especially after a hectic press campaigns that began waged against the government Kuwait, came the Iraqi occupation of Kuwait in 1990 and take the Palestinians supportive stance to Iraq to put the argument in the hands of the Kuwaiti government to remove the Palestinians from its territory after the liberation of Kuwait in February 1991, the Kuwaiti government launched military campaigns against the Palestinians and arrested thousands of them and tortured as the deportation of the others out of Kuwait

دور نواب المنتفك في مجلس النواب العراقي 1946 - 1958

Author name: دعاء صباح بدر

Supervisor name: علي حسين نمر الاسماعيلي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: Studies addressed the Academy Brigad Almentvk many aspects of modern and contemporary history of the meant , particularly in duration recent studied some of the institutions that have had asgnificant in the development of mijor General and progress as institions of Education health and other Mmasaad thus sounding the depths of the areas were not known with a dearth of information and resources related to the subject and them he went inside academic institutions in the province to work on the preparation of the competent studies on various areas of history Governorate in order to enrich the definition of inheritance of civilization to the region experience mmasaad to revive its history of being possessed stockpiles civilized replete and accumulated thus must advance this responsibility and play the role of researcher , in ventilator of the piece of information is conducive to achieving the goal Guy and the desired scientific procession service.The study was divided pave and three chapters , the boot to beginning of parliamentary life in Iraq and the participation of the people of the banner Almentvk where until 1946 touched , and section on the two addressed the contribution of the people of oaoualmentvk in the constituent Assembly walthani the role of brigade Almentvk in the Iraq parliament council 1925 - 1946.The First chapter came first section from the numerical representation of the brigade Almentvk deputies in the chamber of Deputies during the duration 1946 - 1958 political affiliation and roots social and cultural level of the deputies. The second topic deputies Brigade Almentvk position of parliamentary elections. The second chapter Turning to the position of deputy brigade Almentvk political developments of internal and external Iraq . the department also death with two sections on the first section position Almentvk deputies from internal development in Iraq 1946 - 1958.Otafrd to the positions of deputy brigade Almentvk of curricula and ministerial issues of military recruitment and internal political events , the most important of which was the Treaty of Portsmouth and wathba January.The third chapter and last came titled positions Almentvk deputies from economic and social issues in the House of Representat atives 1946 - 1958 and section on the two themes first addressed proposals of deputies Brigade Almentvk to address some of the time and what Jhoh of criticism about the fiscal budget and maaguetrahoh and called for its amendment on the issue taxation and improve the agricultural situation in Iraq in general and their position the problem of land in my brigade Almentvk architecture and urged government to pay attention to the industrial and their position on the issue of oil in Iraq and their interest in ages and trade

حميد فرنجية ودوره السياسي في لبنان 1907 - 1981 == Hamid Franjieh and Political role in Lebanon 1907 - 1981

Author name: ضمياء رشك جبار الغالبي

Supervisor name: صالح جعيول جويعد السراي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: Operated character study that led different roles in the political, economic and social aspects of a lot of space and a large area in modern history, and attracted the attention of many researchers and academics, because some of these characters had a big role and activity of distinct and attitudes about the historical events that Lived through, including the history - making events or participated actively in it. And he saw the contemporary history of Lebanon, like other countries of the world the emergence of worthy research and investigation and study figures, and historical studies addressed a number of those personalities that have important roles in the history of Lebanon and its people, but those studies have neglected the other characters or did not shed the light which is equivalent to the role played. Although this type of study is beset with many difficulties, due to the divergence of views on the personal or the other because of personal interest or sectarian and partisan differences, but we have tried to exercise caution and objectivity for fear of slipping into favoritism and bias, and in light of our understanding of the specificity of this approach came Our selection of the subject of the message, which (Hamid Franjieh and political role in Lebanon from 1907 to 1981). And the fact that the character that we decided to study its distinctive qualities, from being descended from the leadership of the Maronite northern erudite and ancient, but being involved in the political life of his country's deputy and minister par excellence at a time when Lebanon has seen a difficult and complex changes, the most important transformation of the Mandate to independence and then try to install the pillars of independence, it has the study aimed to examine the life of Hamid Franjieh and political role in Lebanon, as it is one of the politicians who occupied important positions in important stages, where he became in 1938 as finance minister in the government of Abdullah AL - Yafi in the era of President Emile Edde, where the country was at the beginning of its establishment and regulation of financial matters and the budget, and then was appointed in 1941 as the first foreign minister in the government of Ahmed Daouk under President individual discussion, as it was not before that date the existence of such a ministry, was a shareholder and co - founder, and then returned to become finance minister in 1942 in the government of Riahd Al - Selh under President Bechara El Khoury, then served as foreign and education minister together for several times in the years 1945.1947, 1948 under President Beshara AL - Khoury also finally became in 1955 as foreign minister in the government of Sami Solh under President Camille Chamoun to be grounded permanently from political work in 1957 because he became ill, and he had a all positions held by impact and a clear and significant achievement remained stuck in the memory of the Lebanese.Required by the nature of the study, divided in four chapters in this unprecedented introduction and followed by a conclusion and a number of supplements and a list of sources. The first chapter discusses CV and political Hamid Franjieh until the year 1938 and was divided into several sections, where the show first research than origination Hamid Franjieh, education and social composition, while taking the second part, the political developments in Lebanon from 1920 to 1934 and how the arrival of the father, Hamid Franjieh deputy in Parliament, the third section shed light on the beginning of the access Hamid Franjieh political arena in 1934 by electing deputies for the first time for his hometown of Zgharta and activity in parliament until 1938. The second chapter entitled Activity Hamid Franjieh and political role in Lebanon's independence and the withdrawal of foreign armies, 1938 - 1946, and has been on three sections, devoted the first of them to examine the role of Hamid Franjieh in the early stages of independence 1938 - 1943 focused on the action in the ministries they held, particularly in the finance ministries and external, as well as its claims obtaining Lebanon's independence, while interested in the second section examining the position of the 1943 crisis and of the arrest of the legitimate government and the President Beshara AL - Khoury by the French authorities, and the third section meant studying the role of Hamid Franjieh in the evacuation of foreign Lebanon armies 1945 1946 after being tabbed as foreign minister, headed the negotiating team and management of the negotiations that were obtained to evacuate actually in 1946. And display the third quarter achievements Hamid Franjieh and political activity 1947 - 1952, has studied the events of the period mentioned in three sections we discussed in the beginning to the negotiations that backyard Hamid Franjieh, in order to sign the monetary agreement with France to be critical link between the Lebanese pound, the French franc season, while came the second topic to highlight the role of Hamid Franjieh in obtaining approval for the establishment of the third General Conference of UNESCO in Beirut and chairing so in 1948, Congress, and the third section focused on Hamid Franjieh's position on some of the external and internal political events for the period 1947 to 1952 and from his position on the Palestinian issue, and events political issue in Syria and the Syrian social nationalist party, as well as his position on the assassination of Riad Solh and the crisis in 1952. The fourth chapter was titled Hamid Franjieh and the rule of President Camille Chamoun and beyond 1952 - 1981, has been divided in three sections, the first chapter of which the competition that took place between Hamid Franjieh and Camille Chamoun in the elections of September 1952 23 How to Hamid Franjieh's withdrawal, while accept second section Hamid Franjieh's position on foreign policy, Camille Chamoun, for the period 1953 - 1957, focusing on the position of the Baghdad Pact and the nationalization of the Suez Canal, the tripartite aggression on Egypt and project Eisenhower, as well as the work of Hamid Franjieh in the opposition and formed the Front for National Union, then studied in the third section incident Miziara and the end of political life Hamid Franjieh, the chapter concluded the last phase of his life at his bedside and his death in 1981.Finally I put my studies of these before the President and members of the defense committee of the Distinguished Professors corrected and strengthen their scientific value Allah reward them and the success from Allah.

جورج حبش ودوره في النضال الوطني الفلسطيني حتى عام 1973 == George Habash and his Role in National Palestinian Struggle until 1973

Author name: ازهار حبيب مهدي التميمي

Supervisor name: مهند عبد العزيز عطية الازيرجاوي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: When historical events and developments linked to certain political character that events and developments take political and psychological from those personality traits and then have an impact on a clear political line which will be going for it this personal . Palestine is the determining factor that holds the thought of George Habash therefore he worked hard in order to achieve that goal and engaged in many organizations, associations and parties in order to reach his goal . The study is not limited to shed light on the personal George Habash only, but the policy of the curriculum and charted transferred him to show the Palestinian issue to the whole world as in issue public opinion . The occupation of Palestine left greatest impact in Habash thoughts were his feelings raging revenge therefore the American university was the first station to Habash for the liberation of Palestine through the masses and the founding of the Arab Nationalist Movement to be basis of his political career and because of splits in the movement has Habash the adoption of Marxist thought through the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine establishment . Although the profession Habash is medicine , but he was able to control in it through the clinic in Jordan that according to him was center for his political working . He tried to reach poor people in community because those levels were the leadership of revolution therefore he ensured in his speeches and meetings of the bourgeois level in order to free the land of Palestine. It was a revolutionary romantic Habash that political characterized a key factor in the refinement of his persona, hehas been known by welcoming all unionist attempts made in the fifties of this century in some Arab countries. George Habash was characterized by attitudes of rejection towards political issues concerning Palestine, and continued in a plan defender denominated Palestinian factions and other PLO to stop this work in the seventies . Finally, we have to say that George Habash was able to confirm on the political leadership of the Popular Front through the negative attitudes of any political solution for Palestine, as well as intellectual approach, which walked out in his policy of revolutionary against any political solution, all these things have made of George Habash, an important place in the contemporary history of Palestine although he did not receive any government position in Palestine

اهل البيت (عليهم السلام) مكانتهم وفضلهم وموقف الامة منهم في كتاب نهج البلاغة == AHL AL - BAYT (PBUTH) (THE PROPHET MUHAMMAD'S SUCCESSORS) THEIR RANK, GRACE AND POPULATIONS' ATTITUDES TOWARD THEM THROUGH/IN THE BOOK NAHJUL BALAGHA

Author name: بسام كامل زاجي الزيدي

Supervisor name: رائد حمود عبد الحسين الحصونة

General topic: History

Specific topic: Islamic History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: It is included the book " Nahj Al - Balagha " sermons , correspondence , and judgment , and sermons Commander of the Faithful Ali Bin Abi Talib ( Peace be upon him ) complied by Sharif al - Radhi Abu Hassan Mohammed bin Taher Al Moussawi Head of Al Talibeen born in ( 359 AH - 969 AD ) and the deceased in the year ( 406AH - 1015m ) as one of the sources , who addressed the stated something of the life of the Holy Prophet ( Allah bless him and his family ) and his family who came mentioned in the verse of purification so it has selected research topic was signed on( Ahl al - Bayt ) ( Peace be upon them ) status and virtue and the position of nation of them through the book Rhetoric ) approach . The importance of this letter which summarized the status of preferred Ahl al - Bayt ( Peace be upon them ) and the position of the nation of them in the book " Nahj Al - Balagha " as this book you have written letters may stemmed from the messenger's brother " ( Allah bless him and his family ) and guardian Commander of the Faithful Ali Bin Abi Talib which between Allah his place in several verses from the Koran , also reported the Messenger of Allah ( Allah bless him and his family ) are many Prophetic traditions which extolled the virtue of Ali Bin Abi Talib and prestige between the Muslims and the talk of the Prophet ( Allah bless him and his family ) in this regard but a divine revelation text of the Koran . This message has been divided into four chapters preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion and proven to resources and a summary in English . The First chapter with the name ( Nahj Al - Balagha ) which described and accounted and collected it by Sharif al Radhi and its source and its features and annotations book , and divided into three sections came first section titled book " Nahj al - Balagha " (overview ) as the study also includes the meaning of the policy language and idiomatically in addition to the description of the book and its impact with male features speeches , books , messages and covenants , and wisdom , and sermons , also we called on the status of the book Nahj Al - Balagha when a group of scientists , intellectuals and first authors and modern them with indication some words that praised the status of rhetoric approach , and we decided that we achieve in the proportion of reality the book Nahj A l - Balagha to the Commander of the Faithful Ali Bin Abi Talib ( Peace be upon him ) . The second section has summarized the talking about the life and scientific Sharif al - Radhi and his role in the collection book Nahj Al - Balagha . We have proven irrefutable evidence as it realized us its sources in the reality of the reported speech in this area and that Sharif al - Radhi collect it not Al - Murtadha And the third section was restricted to remember sources , features and explanations Nahj Al - Balagha Chapter two discusses the concept of household in the book Nahj al - Balagha. We divided this chapter into three sections for the importance of the subject, the first section has been specified to the study of kinsmen [al - aal] and family in the language and terminology, the second section deals with the concept of Ahl al - Bayt (peace be upon them) in the Holy Quran and Sunnah as they were told in the resources, and the third section came under the concept of household address (peace be upon them) in the book Nahj al - Balagha. We have summarized the meaning of the term household explaining its meaning.Chapter three of Nahj al - Balagha has been devoted to Ahl al - Bayt (peace be upon them), as the chapter has been divided into the three topics, we discussed in the first part the status of Ahl al - Bayt (peace be upon them) in the Holy Quran and the Sunnah through a set of Quranic Verses and Hadith which praised their status (on them Peace), and we dealt with in the second part with the status of Ahl al - Bayt (peace be upon them) in Nahj al - Balagha as we focused our research on the status of the owners of clothing from the Prophet's family (peace be upon them). The third section summarizes the status of the people of the scientific House in the book Nahj al - Balagha for several unknown sciences to many people of that era.Chapter four includes the grace of Ahl al - Bayt (peace be upon them) and the position of their nation of in Nahj al - Balagha and the two sections were divided into the first part which summarizes the grace of Ahl al - Bayt (peace be upon them) on the Islamic nation and the second one talks about the virtue of the companions, while the second topic in which we explained the position of the nation Ahl al - Bayt (peace be upon them) in Nahj al - Balagha. There were two attitudes of the population towards Imam Ali (peace be upon him) after the martyrdom of the Prophet (Allah bless him and his family), and the second position of the nation of Mrs. Fatima Zahra (peace be upon her).Finally we pointed out the most important findings of the research in the light of the data that was available between the hands, the texts cited historical sources on which we relied to complete our research

امارة الري في العهد البويهي : دراسة في احوالها الادارية والاقتصادية والاجتماعية == Irrigation Emirate in El Bouihi Reign A Study in its Administrative , Economic & Social Conditions

Author name: هديل عواد نعيم

Supervisor name: سلام علي مزعل الجابري

General topic: History

Specific topic: Islamic History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: This study deals with the emirate of Al - rai in Buyids (Albuehyeen) era, and the study of administrative, economic and social their conditions. As it is that the emirate one of the three Emirates Albuehiyah formed the beginning of the fourth century AH/tenth century , after the three brothers, Ali and Mohammed Hassan , children Boueh from appearing on political events scene and were able Shortly control over vast areas of Iran and Iraq and the division What made him king among them was the emirate of , Persia and Shiraz its capital share of Big Brother Ali bin Boueh (Emad State) and the emirate of irrigation share of middle brother Hassan bin Boueh ( corner ( Rukn ) of State ) The younger brother Ahmed ( Moez State ) was the share of Iraq, which was able to control in the year 334 AH. The emirate of Al - rai got independence as the same with their counterparts of other Emirates Albuehiyah except for four years undergone where the authority of ( Adhad of State ) the price of Persia , who extend his influence and control over all Emirates Albuehiyah annexation of Iraq 367 AH and Al - rai 369 AH and Baghdad as capital and the case remained on What is it until his death in 372 AH. After that the emirate of Al - rai came back to independence and self - rule , which handed down the children after the parents It was the importance of those emirate in various aspects of political and ( Civilization ) cultural history in the Muslim cause in her study.Among the difficulties faced the researcher ( scholar ) in this study is the lack of information on many aspects and this is the result of the loss of some sources, specific in the Albuehi's history such a large section of the book tail Nations experiences (Rodhiraora) and most of the history book ( Sabi ) , as well as mostIIparts of the Book of Ministers ( Sabi ) , and this created some lack of information is what other sources could not filled.The material of the project had divided into four chapters : The first chapter devoted to the study of the origin Buyids (Albuehyeen) and political appearance and divided into three sections : the first which dealt with Buyids (Albuehyeen) and growing up, and the second was about the political appearance on the scene While the final section of chapter devoted to the study of the control of the irrigation Buyids ( Albuehyeen ) province with a geographical study of the province.The second chapter was to study the administrative conditions in the emirate of AL - rai and has divided into three sections also dealt by the emirate , the ministry and government offices respectively.While the third chapter is devoted to the study of economic conditions and we dealt with the first geographic region and the impact on economic activity and then we dealt with agriculture , industry , trade and in the final of the chapter of the study to assess the economic activity in the region.The fourth and final chapter of the study of social conditions and also divided into three sections. The first about the study of the society , while the second section about the classes of society while the last section about the study of the social aspects in the region.

الميزانية العامة في مناقشات مجلس النواب العراقي 1933 - 1939 == The General Budget in the Iraqi Council of Representatives 1933 - 1939

Author name: حسن غانم عبد ردن الحسناوي

Supervisor name: عباس حسين مجيسر الجابري

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: Countries have seen a stage in the race to exploit the resources and possibilities available to them in building a strong and strong economy capable of progress, growth and prosperity. This phase requires a sound financial regulation and a fiscal policy that will have an impact on regulating economies and balancing financial resources. Between expenditure and income of that country.The concept of the budget was closely linked to the formation of the state and was affected by the increase of the state's activity in the economic and social fields. For the state to perform the basic functions, it was necessary to find permanent revenues to cover its expenses. Therefore, the state imposed taxes which represent the main factor on which all revenues are based. Taxation has become a source of attraction and attraction among representatives of the people in the parliamentary systems, including Iraq to know the aspects of disbursement and sources of revenue and work to strike a balance between the distribution of expenses on the doors of the budget of the ministries and departments that are linked to the Ministry, As many of the economic thinkers described the general budget as a reflection of the state's financial policy and the nature of the system in which the legislative authority is in the issuance of all laws, including Finance.The era of the study of research 1933 - 1939 indicates the emergence of a new phase in Iraq's political and economic center internally and externally represented by the presidency of King Ghazi to the throne of Iraq, as well as the erosion of the effects of the global financial crisis in 1933 that hit the world's economy and the economy was not immune to its influence. When the year 1939 marked a turning point in the history of the monarchy of Iraq after the assassination of King Ghazi and the disruption of the Iraqi Council of Representatives on 15 November 1939 for two months, Prince Abdul Ilah then ascended the custody of the throne of Iraq to witness the financial situation of the latter then a stage of distress on A August World War it took a second harbingers ridden economies of major countries, which represented a historic landmark on the international scene, which led to the emergence of new political and economic life in Iraq have their own characteristics.The nature of the scientific material of this subject prompted the researcher to adopt the time course in his study, so the plan of the message was structured on the basis of the financial years to consist of an introduction and four chapters and a set of annexes and a conclusion in which the researcher put the most important conclusions.The first chapter of the letter bears the title of the general budget since the beginning of the parliamentary life in Iraq until 1933, and it is based on two subjects. The first included the concept of the general budget and the methods of preparation and implementation thereof to be subject toBfinancial supervision. Iraq since the beginning of legislative life in Iraq and the healing of the meetings of the first elected Iraqi parliament meeting extraordinary on 16 July 1925 until the end of the reign of King Faisal I on Iraq and the disappearance of the effects of the global financial crisis on the finances of the Iraqi state, Chapter II on the discussions of the Iraqi Council of Representatives for the general budget 1933 - 1935, to include three topics included the first views and suggestions of members of the Iraqi Council on the distribution of expenses on the doors of the general budget, the second section to know the policy on which the House of Representatives to balance the sources The financial revenues of the income of the general budget, which is an essential element in the provision of funds to cover the expenses of the State, and that the emergency cases facing the state to the need to make additions and transfers between chapters of the sections of the budget, The study included the general budget in the light of the discussions of the Iraqi Council of Representatives 1935 - 1937 consisting of three discussions, the first of which touched on the discussions that took place among the members of the House of Representatives on the expenses allocated to the sections of the general budget, while the second section includes the positive effects of financial income in support of the general budget within The framework of the discussions of the Iraqi Council of Representatives, and revealed in the third section on two aspects, the first : reactions of the members of the House of Representatives towards the urban projects of the country, and second : the position of the general budget of these projects, and included Chapter IV position of the Iraqi Council of Representatives of the budget And the third is the role played by the legislative authority represented by the House of Representatives in improving and developing the doors of the financial revenues of the general budget, and the third topic To the great financial attention that the urban projects in Iraq have received with the additions required by some chapters of the general budget.In view of the situation in the political arena in Iraq characterized by instability during the period under study, the Iraqi parliament has given the subject of the general budget an important area of attention because it concerns the state's financial independence and economic stability through the presentation of opinions and proposals that have an important impact in developing and improving the financial return on The basis of adoption of the legal methods required by financial transactions away from political tendencies, which made the researcher depends on a variety of sources benefited a lot about the period under study

المقابر وحياة ما بعد الموت في شبه الجزيرة العربية قبل الاسلام == Graveyds and lif After Death in the South of Arabian Peninsula Before Islam

Author name: اسعد رشيد عطية العتابي

Supervisor name: رنا طعيمة حسين الصافي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Islamic History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: The study of graveyards of Arabs in Arabian peninsula before Islam is one of the most important studies because we can by conducting such studies find out various civilisational aspects especially those related to the methods of burying the dead and the funerary rituals used let alone the valuable antiquities found in the tombs. The study of such graveyards would also provide infromation about the methods used in constructing the tombs and the architecture adopted. It would also give a clear idea about the religious beliefs prevalent during that era and which were important in the daily life of people at that time and explain How far those people had faith in the existence of life after death. The conclusions reached by the study include the following : • The study showed the presence of similarities in funerary supplements found with the death in the south, middle and north of Arabian peninsula with those of messopotamea, Egypt and Levante civilisations, a matter which reflects clearly the presence of relations with these civilisations and of cultural civilisational and commercial communication with them.• It was concluded that people in the south and north of Arabian peninsula believed in live after deat and they used to purify themselves from sins continuously so that when they move to afterlife thay are clean from sins and guitts. • The belief by Arabs in central Arabian peninsula in the existence of a second life differed from on sect to another depending on the faith they follow. Some of them adored the one creator and believed in resurrection and afterlife while you may find another sect that believe in the one creator but denies the existence of life after death. • The people of Arabia builtd different types of tombs such as those made in caves, underground tombs and those built on the surface of the ground. Environmental, social and economic factors played a significant role in the variety of tomb shapes and locations. They were built according to different architectural designs that involved rooms which contained either collective or individual burials either over or under the grounnd and these tombs are full of precious acquisitions. • The habit was that the grave is dug forst thenthe dead person is prepared for burial and this inclydes covering his body with a shroud made from either leather, cloth or flax to be wrapped around his body and before that the dead body is often washed up with a sort of treatmemt that involves embalming the body and putting some seents on it. • The study also found out that there had been an organisation in dividing gravey ards so that every person knows his pwn tombs place before entering the other world. There had been, moreover graveyards of children and other graveyards of human gifts (body - partgifts) and this in turn differs from the so called human sacrifices completely. The purpose behind human gifts was to seek protection gods from envy , evil and malice. Animal graveyards were also found. • In addition to being eities of the dead, graveyards represent embodyment of the relogious aspect of people and this is evident through entrusting tombs to be under the protcetion of gods so that they under take their protection and safeguarding as well as through the religious rituals practised before tombs such as submitting sacrifices and burning frankencence. • Women in Arabian peninsula had the right to posses and inher it graveyards but this does not mean that graveyards were the sole property of women. Findings indicate that she enjoyed equal rights to those enjoyed by men including the rights of ownership and inheriting. Moreover she even had contracted commercial deals for buying and seling the various properties and item. • The study showed that the Arabs of Arabian peninsula showed great skills and care in preparing the dead for burial and making funeravy furniture and sugget methods of sirrow, sadness and lamenting for losing their beloved ones

Supervisor name: شاكر ضيدان جابر السويدي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: Praise to Allah, Lord of the Worlds and peace and blessings on the best of the Creatures and Senders, Aba - al - Qassim Mohammad ( God bless him and his family) and on his good and pure household.The modern history of Iraq has associated totally with the Ottoman Empire because Baghdad was one of States that belong to the Ottoman Empire during a long period of time lasted for four centuries. Many changes happened through this long history in different fields. The study of the local history of Iraq , ( study the history of its cities, historical and general study for the social, political and economical development) is an important introduction to know the general history of Iraq in details . it's impossible to study the history of any country precisely without studying historical development of its cities. From this point of view came the title of my thesis, which is searched in one of Iraqi historical cities : Kerbela, historical study , during the Ottoman period ( 1800 - 1869 ).The historical study of Kerbela has great importance for the depth of its religious and political history. The selection of the historical study to be comprehensive of political, economic and social conditions experienced by the city through the period of the study because most of the studies that are found are few or focus on political side of the city , or the social side alone or economically. So I tried in my study to combine these sides to give a clear picture of this ancient and holy city because it includes the body of Imam Hussein and his brother al - Abbas ( peace be upon them). This sanctity gave Kerbela history that distinguishes it from other Iraqi cities.My choice of this particular period ( 1800 ) is for it's the beginning of the 19th century and the start of the terrorist attacks to Iraq in general and Kerbela in particular for its sanctity with the city of Najaf, as well as the lack of studies highlighting the historical events that passed through this city during the study period.This thesis was based on a historical methodology in order to take into account the substantive sequence of events. This is divided into an introduction and four chapters and a conclusion. Te first chapter was a necessary prelude to the general situation in the city of Kerbela at the beginning of the Mumluk era in 1749 until 1800 the beginning of the study . The chapter included naming , geographical location, and social structure for the knowledge of Kerbela society and its activity during the Ottoman rule . it's a time city characterized by social features associated with customs, traditions and social activities in this ancient city , for being the destination of thousands of visitors annually . as well as knowledge of economic conditions and the nature of the political system and tribal uprisings and military campaigns against the Wahhabi threat .The second chapter, which was entitled " Political conditions in Kerbela from 1800 - 1869 , consists of three topics . The first is devoted to terrorist attacks (1800 - 1817). While the second topic deals with the events that passed through Kerbela during the reign of the governor Dawood Basha ( 1817 - 1831 ) . The third one concludes the events that took place in Kerbela during the Ottoman rule. It focuses on the study of social conditions in Kerbela ( 1800 - 1869) . the first section is devoted to social structure in Kerbela district, while the second deals with the Khans and their importance in social life . The third chapter deals with the subject of Shiism in Baghdad Ayala .The fourth chapter was devoted to the economic situation in Kerbela (1800 - 1869 ) and divided into four sections; the first deals with agriculture , irrigation and agricultural products and the attitude of the Ottoman governors of agriculture . While the second section touches the trade and its importance. The third deals with industry and most important industries in the city as well as influencing factors in it . Section four discusses the financial resources of tax and imports of Uwda Kingdom and burial fees . Analysis of the Sources The thesis adopted many of unpublished and published documents including what are saved in Dar al - Kutob, national documents and Al - Haidariya Library in Najaf . Also the library of Kashif al - Ghata which concerns the political , social and economical sides during the 9th century for Kerbela . The published documents formed important pillar in the thesis chapters for having very important information . Besides, there are the important documentary books such as ; The " Iraq in Ottoman documentation" to Sinan Ma'arof Oglu and The book "Kerbela in the Ottoman archives " for the researcher Dilk Qaya . The thesis also depended on many Arab and inflective resources and trips books, some of them are highly important for the subject of the research for contemporary authors or close to them. For example " Dohat al - Wizera' in the History of Baghdad, Zawra " to Rasool Hawi al - Kurkukly . It also had a great importance for dealing with events in detail during the Mamulk reign . The importance of the book increases when we know that the author was contemporary of the events of the date or period of the thesis . The book ' Iraq between two occupations " to Abass al - Azawi . it depended on the main sources to identify the information. This was what gave a great importance to his books. Also the books of Ali al Wardi " Social Profiles in the History of Iraq" , ' A Study in the Nature of Iraqi society" . They had realistic details for Iraqi society in the Ottoman era, especially in the social life . And also the books of Dr. Abd al - Salam Imad Raouf " The Social Life during Mumulk era in Iraq "The university thesis and papers have a large share in this thesis. I relied on many of these thesis and papers which dealt with different aspects from the history of Iraq in Ottoman era, like " Economic and Social situations for history of Kerbela (1921 - 1939) to the researcher Hassan Dakhil Attai , which dealt with the economic situation in the contemporary history, but it gave an idea about the general situations during Ottoman era. Also the thesis of the researcher Suher Abass Kadhim " Social situations in the Area of the Middle Euphrates through the books of travelers (1831 - 1914) which dealt with cities of Middle Euphrates , like "Kerbela through the visits of foreign travelers to Iraq " and the thesis of Sami Nadhim al - Munsory ( Ottoman Policy towards minorities including the Shiits .

الاوضاع الاجتماعية في مصر (1848 - 1882) == The social situation in Egypt (1848 - 1882)

Author name: رافع جبار راشد الركابي

Supervisor name: احمد صبري شاكر الخيقاني

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: The observer of the history of Egypt since ancient times observes that Egypt is a country followed by incidents affecting since the dawn of history , did not prejudice the era of its era or a period of time passed by , except in rare incidents described by history, whether from a local or global perspective as accidents Influenced the course of events or historical trends, and see this since the first Pharaonic family until the present time , and the follower of the analyst of these historical events observes their money from the direct impact on the social reality and the behavioral appearance of the Egyptian people , whether negative or positive , and how these historical events had a return The social situation in Egypt (1848 - 1882) is a historical study of the important and vital topics in history because of its historical depth and the results and great future effects that affected the political arena in Egypt later , and this subject is still far from the studies The Iraqi Academy has not received sufficient attention in our universities so far , since it is not possible to understand the political developments with a comprehensive view and know what accompanied these developments of social events , interaction and influence are intertwined and intertwined between what is political and what is social and economic (1848 - 1882) , and in 1848 the beginning of the subject of the message of the social transformations that took place during this period , which was a major change in the history of the social situation in Egypt. The life of the Egyptian society did not witness the inauguration of the first Abbas social developments as witnessed by the era of Mohammed and there has been a decline and deterioration in the institutions of the state, which had a significant impact on the social reality such as education and health , In 1882 , the subject of the research came to an end as a result of the Arab revolution, which had a great impact on social reality. The chapter deals with the most important political unrest during the period (1801 - 1805) , which had a great impact on the social reality , and has emerged During this period , Egyptian leaders played a major role in encouraging and leading the people to face the injustice and oppression of the Ottoman rulers who ruled Egypt during this period. They burdened the Egyptian people with taxes , forced labor and other methods. The chapter dealt with the policy of Muhammad Ali (1805 - 1848) Through the business and the great changes introduced Li social reality , it was a great role in reviving the living standards of the Egyptian society. The second chapter deals with the social transformations (1848 - 1863). The chapter deals with the first policy of Abbas and its impact on the social reality , especially that the policy adopted by this governor differed very much from that of his grandfather Muhammad Ali. He followed a reactionary policy which neglected most of his grandfather's projects and works Which also deteriorated during the period of his rule, but in spite of that reminds him of some works that reflected positively on the Egyptian society. The chapter also discussed social conditions under the era of Said Pasha (1854 - 1863) During the period of his rule and its impact on the social reality, he has b Many reforms in most areas raised the standard of living of Egyptian society , especially reforms in the field of education , army and agriculture. The third chapter continued social transformations during the reign of Ismael Pasha (1863 - 1879) , where he focused on the reality of the social peasantry and the policy of Ismail Pasha towards the peasants and the forced and injustice they suffered during his reign. Ismail's era was considered the worst era of the peasants during the ninth century We also discussed the situation of the army and its developments , especially at the beginning of the rule of Isma'il , who gave great importance to the army. We also referred to the cultural movement during the era of Ismail and the attention he gave to learning and the press , which reflects positively on social reality and played a role in educating Egyptian society. We also ate the dine Social issues that have taken place in the Egyptian society during the era of Ismael Pasha. We also talked about the judicial system and its impact on Egyptian society , either positively or negatively. The chapter also touched on the impact of the financial crisis on the social reality. The fourth chapter devoted to the study of social reality during the financial crisis and the spread of famine and the exposure of the Egyptian society to great injustice by the Ministry of Finance , which imposed measures burdened the Egyptian people with taxes and forced labor and the emergence of the educated class in the political arena and the growing awareness among the Egyptian people , also addressed the role of the Egyptian people revolution Arabism as a social revolution expressed the hopes of the Egyptian people and the injustice and oppression they suffered from foreigners , especially in the army , which had a big role at the time

التيارات الفكرية في العراق 1908 - 1968 == Intellectual Currents in Iraq

Author name: سلمان رشيد محمد الهلالي

Supervisor name: عبد الرسول شهيد عجمي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: The last of the twentieth century in Iraq, a century of multiple disparate intellectual currents. Consider as this country , was over the multi - cultural history starting from the Sumerians and the Akkadians, Babylonians, Arameans, and ending with the early Islamic ages, a pioneer in human achievement and cognitive literary and rationality primitive, democracy and the fields, and the cradle of movements, sects and creeds, religious, philosophical, linguistic and mystical currents, and became during this century recipient key for most of the concepts and trends that have emerged in Europe, especially liberalism and Marxism and nationalism, which interacted with the intelligentsia of Iraq (intelligentsia) positively, as an unilateral way of enlightenment and modernization, and the similarity with the Iraqis learners in order to change and reform the political and social reality, moving towards the rational and civil adoptive. This Thessis is a historical, an intellectual and political study of the three intellectual currents in Iraq. It is, according to the time , the influence and the cultural proliferation (liberalism, Marxism and nationalism) with a review of the historical development of the political and intellectual process of which passed out during the time period prescribed for the study, and the statement of the curriculum, schools and doctrines that investigated these currents resources and the sources of ideology, or those affected by them directly or indirectly and the inclusion of branches accompanying and formats and styles that came out of them, and organizations and partisan intelligentsia affiliate, or those who claimed that, with a review for the main concepts and objectives issues advocated by or promoted during this phase of our contemporary history.The thesis included the introduction, four chapters , a conclusion and a list of sources. The first chapter (the society , the state and intelligentsia in contemporary Iraq from 1908 to 1968). Reviewing social structures in Iraq, which is basically divided into : religious and sectarian structures. The structures of ethnic, racial, ingredients and minorities that followed, and the review of traditional social actors politically such as the family and the tribe, caste, ethnic, and historical evolution of her during the study phase, and the transformations that have occurred as a result of changes in the governance systems, and the emergence of secular currents of thought in the country. While the concept of the state in modern Iraq, and problematic incorporation, as a centre in the second section, with an indication of the general approaches that led to the failure of a project of this state, particularly the influence of political sectarianism, racism and monopolizing power and the intervention of the army in politics. The third section has singled out the Iraqi Intelligentsia, public function, and the factors that contributed to the emergence and cultural resources that advocatedty public perceptions, with the division of multiple cultural generations in the country during this phase.The second chapter, has dealt with the subject of the liberal trend in Iraq, starting with the review of all the historical evolution of the doctrine of the Liberal in Europe and the challenges faced by this movement in the twentieth century, and the role of the renaissance generation in the promotion and consolidation of this concept in the Mashriq. As in the second theme topic is enterested in showing the early liberalism and their four tributaries in Iraq : the French Enlightenment, the Arab renaissance, the constitutional revolution in Iran in 1905 and the revolution federal in the Ottoman Empire in 1908, and the subsequent declaration of the Constitution and the founding of the party organizations and the release of press freedom and political participation through elections. The third section has singled out a review of the historical development of the current liberal in Iraq through the phase 1908 - 1968 and the role of the British Mandatory authorities in promoting this trend and strengthened it by the desire to establish or develop a concept of (state) semi - liberalism, and the formation of the constitutional and governmental institutions and support public freedoms and the party life, with manifestations of regression in the democratization of liberal inclusion of life after the death of King Faisal I in 1933, the accumulation stages of decline that culminated in 1958 by the July revolution, and shed the military and national organizations, later on governance systems until 1968. The fourth section is concerned with the review of regulations and the liberal intelligentsia in Iraq and concepts of democracy and political pluralism advocated by the reform and values and projects that are based on them, and historical reasons that led to the decline of the liberal trend in Iraq.the third chapter is enterested in the Marxist tendency in Iraq, reviewing the historical development of the first socialist currents and the emergence of Marxism in Europe and escalating it spread after the First World War. In the second topic addressed the major tributaries of the International Marxist in Iraq wich are the tributary of Arab and Iranian and foreign and the Bolshevik Revolution in Russia in 1917 and the Third Communist International in 1919, scholarships and Western universities. He specialized in the third section in the show the historical development of the movement of Marxism in Iraq for the first socialist and cells that have evolved in the twenties, and the ground which paved the way for this by dilation secular concepts after the founding of the modern Iraqi state in 1921, and episodes of communism in Baghdad, Basra and Nasiriyah and its union in organizing the Iraqi Communist Party, and it's intellectual adoftire, and the factors that contributed to the spread of the ideas of communism in the country, which narrowed the social, political, economic and cultural factor. And the fourth topic viewed the organizations and the Marxist intelligentsia in Iraq during this phase, concepts and values advocated by, with the objective reasons that led to the decline of the Marxist tendency in the country included.We specialized in the fourth chapter the national trend in terms of review of the startingpoints which was based on nationalism in Europe, and theories (French, German and Marxism) prevailing in this regard, and its development in the Arab Mashreq, the multiple intellectual trends during this phase. As interested in the second section to include the early Arab nationalism in Iraq, and the groups active in this regard, and the patterns that have evolved on the sidelines of events and political developments, and the reasons that led to the adoption of the national intelligentsia National School German without the rest of the theories, and differentiation, which happened between them and the concept of Arabism and singled out the third section the review historical and intellectual development of Arab nationalism in Iraq is multinational and patterns after the founding of the Iraqi state, particularly in the thirties decate which witnessed the affected pointing movements of fascism and Nazism in Europe, and the role of the nationalist sati' Al - Husri and Sami Shawkat and Mufti Amin al - Husseini in the escalation of emotion in this style that reached its peak in May traffic 1941, and to identify the most important national trends after the second World war, which was characterized by the dominance of the socialist and revolutionary character of Nazareth, and the conflict between the various national pavilions after the 1963 coup, and the dominance of the Nazarene go the reins of power during the period (1963 - 1968). In the fourth section concerned with reviewing national organizations, intelligentsia and its subsidiaries (the traditional right - wing and Nasiriyah revolutionary socialist and nationalist) unionist and concepts advocated by, the general premise on which it relied, with self - reported reasons that led to the decline of the national trend in Iraq.At the conclusion of research we offered the most important conclusions we reached through the calendar of intellectual currents in Iraq, the most important general features that characterized and the compatibility of thought and practice during the prescribed period of study

الارمن في لبنان 1915 - 1975 : دراسة في اوضاعهم الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والسياسية == The Armenians in Lebanon 1915 - 1975 Study in their Social, Economic and Political Situations

Author name: باسم ريحان مغامس الشميساوي

Supervisor name: صالح جعيول جويعد السراي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: The study of the history of minorities is a crucial issue because it has a significant impact on the events in the region in which it is located, particularly in Lebanon. This reflects profoundly on the Lebanese identity, which is characterized by ethnic, religious and sectarian diversity. Minorities in Lebanon's sectarian system have found a vital area for their social and political activities, their religious beliefs are much greater, less their counterparts in the region. On the other hand, the presence of large groups of refugees with a particular religious belief in a multi - ethnic country has a direct impact on social conditions Economic and political situation of the host country. The establishment of such refugees may lead to ethnic and religious tensions with local groups opposed to this emergency presence. Therefore, it is important to study the history of the Armenian community in Lebanon in all its aspects and dimensions, an academic study in depth, as it is one of the important communities that left a significant impression on the social, economic and political aspects of Lebanon, despite the recent existence in this country. In a miserable situation that is difficult to describe, they were stripped of everything, suffered the hardships of living in camps that lacked the basic elements of life, and in a country that differed with its inhabitants by customs and traditions, not to mention the language that was a major obstacle to their rapid integration into the new society. However, this minority community was able to preserve its national identity for a short period of time, and to have a great interest in Lebanon on the economic and political level, based on strong social ties. Accordingly, this study titled "Armenians in Lebanon 1915 - 1975 study in their social, economic and political situations" is chosen to highlight on the aforementioned issues of Armenian minority in order to revisit their histories and reach a new conclusions. The structure of the thesis is div ided into an introduction and five chapters and a conclusion.The first chapter examines the situation of the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire up to 1915. Three sections are addressed here : the first of which included the Armenian origin, included the geographical location and historical development, while the second Armenian topic was presented during the reign of Sultan Abdul Hamid II and the internationalization of the Armenian question. The third focused on the Armenians during the federal rule until 1915.The second chapter deals with the Armenian migrations to Lebanon from 1915 to 1939, so each migration is considered in a single section of this chapter. The first of which investigates the Armenian presence in Lebanon in 1915. The second section discusses entitled France's relinquishment of its mandate to Cilicia in 1920 and Armenian emigration Of which, while the third reviews the third migration under the title of Armenian immigration from the Alexandretta Brigade in 1939.The third chapter deals with the social and economic situation of the Armenians in Lebanon, and therefore divided into three sections. The first is the settlement of Armenian refugees in Lebanon. The second focuses on the religious establishment and the educational system. The third deals with the economic situation of the Armenians and their role in developing the Lebanese economy.The fourth chapter examines with the political situation of the Armenians in Lebanon during the French mandate of 1925 - 1946. This chapter is divided into two sections, the first one highlights the Armenian political parties in Lebanon, and the second discusses the participation of Armenians in political life under the mandate.The fifth chapter is devoted to examine the political situation of Armenians in Lebanon 1947 - 1975, divided into two sections. The first topic deals with the intensification of the conflict between the Armenian parties and their reflections on their political reality, while the second topic reviews the political development of the Armenians until 1975.In conclusion, the Armenians in Lebanon succeeded remarkably in the social, economic and political levels. They were driven to their unknown fate. Many were killed on the road of displacement. Others died as a result of sickness, hunger, and even those who remained alive were dead when they arrived in the diaspora. In the refugee camps in Lebanon, poverty was accompanied by their huts and tents. They lacked the most basic needs of a proper life. They were ulnerable to disease and epidemics, killing many, especially children, because of malnutrition. Except living in isolation in a different traditions, language, etc., but they were able to develop their social status to form an Armenian society in Lebanon that is in itself strong and cohesive, maintaining their national identity and positively integrated into Lebanese society. This also applies to the economic aspect in which they have become influential. The economic power of the Armenians in Lebanon has become an important political role. It is important that the Lebanese government refused to return to Soviet Armenia when the Soviet Union launched it for the second time in 1962 for fear of upsetting the demographic balance. It is possible to say that all of this would not have been possible without the extraordinary potential of the Armenian people to cling to life and to re - establish themselves as an significant community in Lebanon and to play a large role in social, economic and political aspects.

اسرة الزياني ودورها في تاريخ البحرين حتى نهاية القرن العشرين : دراسة تاريخية == Al - Zayani Family and its Role in the History of Bahrain Until the End of the Twentieth Century (Historical study)

Author name: ياسر ماضي كاظم الغانمي

Supervisor name: عبد الرسول شهيد عجمي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: Despite of the number of historical scientific studies that dealt with various issues and issues of the Gulf region, and its various aspects and conditions, the researchers did not give any attention or little attention to the study of one of the important topics is to delve into the history of non - ruling families, And the role of the ruling families, especially in the establishment and formation of these Emirates or countries, has effectively contributed to the strengthening of its status and the height and deepen its existence, something not previously heard by researchers as we thought This is why we chose to study the history of an important family that played a leading role in the formation and establishment of the State of Bahrain. It also contributed to its history and its present time alongside the ruling family. This family was the family of Al - zayani, who took the title of head of our study (Al - zayani family and its role in the history of Bahrain until the end of the twentieth century) historical study. The researcher divided the subject of his study on introduction, preface and three chapters, as well as the conclusion of the subject. The introductory section was divided into two sections that included giving a brief picture of the country in which most of the family members settled, namely Bahrain. The second topic is entitled (An overview of the history of Bahrain from the earliest ages until independence) ) The first chapter deals with (the first historical roots of this family). In view of the difficulty in dealing with all the details and the names of the tribes and their branches from the subdivisions of them, we decided to divide the chapters of the topics according to the vision Historians represented the four stages of history (ancient, intermediate, modern and contemporary) with some overlapping between them. The first section was entitled "The Adnanites and the Sons of Adwan." The Adnanites represent the history of the ancient Al - zayani family, while the sons of Adwan represented the intermediate history of this family. Ml address (the sons of Khalid and Al - zayanih) as the sons of Khalid representing the history of Al - zayani family in the modern era, while contemporary history such as Al - zayanih her. Since the Al - zayani family has been famous for centuries as a business family in the Gulf and India regions, the second chapter of the study was devoted to the most important contributions to the economic renaissance of Bahrain. The study of the most prominent pearl traders from the family, while the second section entitled (Al - zayaniyah between pearl and car dealerships) as the researcher touched on the stage of trade transition passed by the Al - zayani family between the pearl and car trade as the signs of that move began from the beginning of the nest Rinat of the twentieth century, which was interrupted by difficult conditions experienced by the Al - zayani family and suffered from many difficulties until it almost lost its commercial status, but the family quickly grasped its difficult situation and began to revive its business again by opening several shops to sell various materials, but This trade did not last long, as was mentioned the most prominent names of traders from the family in this subject, some of whom experienced the commercial movement of the family between the pearl trade, shops and trade cars, the third topics of the chapter is devoted to talk about the first beginnings of Al - zayani to agencies. The company has also reviewed the most important commercial branches for the sale of cars which were opened by Al - zayani in the Gulf and the Arab region, as well as a review of the most important problems faced by Al - zayani Family Company and attempts to find suitable solutions for them. The aggravation eventually led to the collapse of the family company, specifically the end of the twentieth century, when the company was divided into more than one branch took each one of them works like him after the partners shared the property of the parent company. The third chapter of the study was titled "The contributions of the Al - zayani family in the political, scientific and social fields", which included two topics, the first of which was devoted to studying the contributions and activities of the family in the political field, especially in the Bahraini national movement, with the most prominent political positions recorded by the members to support the issues In Bahrain and abroad. The second part of the chapter covered the contributions of the Al - zayani family in the field of education and the most prominent social services provided. The study included two main points. The first focused on the contribution of the Al - zayani family to the establishment of formal education in Bahrain. Dating back to the twentieth century. In addition, the study included a conclusion in which the researcher reported the most important findings concerning the subject of his study, which was the most prominent that the Al - zayani family has passed through its history in several roles, it was the first role purely economically when it was practicing pearl trade and diving behind this role Has started in the old and continued until the twenties of the twentieth century, that is, their role was one - sided until the twentieth century, and then start their role, which is a role of political - economic Some members of the family went to the national movement, while others went to business, A double role, either Aldo The latter had three dimensions or aspects : political, economic and social, as this role was characterized by development and expansion through the establishment of the Al - zayani family to take care of many fields that have become widespread and the complexity and continuity of these roles to the present

ادارة الدولة الاسلامية في خلافة الامام الحسن بن علي (عليه السلام) == Management Islamic statein the Caliphate Imam Hassan ibn Ali (peace beupon him)

Author name: وسن عبد الامير حمود الحجامي

Supervisor name: حسين علي الشرهاني

General topic: History

Specific topic: Islamic History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

Abstract: Praise be to Allah Lord of the worlds , we use it and for giveness. Seek refuge with Allah from the evils of ourselves. Prayer and peace upon our prophet Mohammed bin Abdullah , and to home's people divine good.The researcher who mocks his pen in writing life of in fallible , what is now gace of God Almighty and agreat honor for him. At the Same time , in front of agreat edifice.Here , the writing about them is not easy. There is no doubt in it.The Subject of the message : ( De partment of Islamic Statel during the reign of Imam Hassan bin Ali Ibn Abe Talib (pease be upon him). It is as ubiect of an important. Because of Imam Hassan (pease be upon him) personal Masoumeh , Immune to.By this , on the other hand , most of what I wrote about I mam Hassan (peace be upon him) it is only writings fo Cused on the Sides of his no ble life.As wall as political life in the period of Succssion , we did not stand on the existence of an academic study , related to systems management in the era of Imam Hassan (peace be upon him).Adopt rigorous scientific research in this aspect.We have adopted in this study administrative and finan cial stuelies in the era of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) Because the short duration of the succession on Imam Hassan (peace be upon him) required him to keep the administrative and financial Syatems in the era of his father (peace be upon him) , and from another hand , neglecting the management side and it was mentioned by ancient historians in the reign of Imam Hassan (peace be upon him).The result from this study , that Imam Hassan (peace be upon him) became ready to takeover the leader ship of the nation , and management. Because he gained experience with what he Saw , when his father Imam Ali (peace be upon him) received management Islamic state and has caused agreat change in the administrative and financial side.BAs well as leader ship roles entrusted to him in the succession of his father from experience increased administrative and military. He had asignifi cant role in Al jemel , Two rows , and Nahrawan war.When Imam Hassan management recognizes the Islamic state after the death of his father. Any change in the system state on the administrative and finan cial level did not happen.The conditions experienced by the Succession of Imam Hassan (peace be upon him) had forced him to accept peace with Muawiya Ibn bi Sufyan , Consequenty accused Imam Hassan (peace be upon him) week governance. But the old historins over looked the fact of Muawiya , who realized that Imam Hassan walked to his father's approach in the management of state.Old accusation historians have evolved and moved to Orientasts.They in turn have based on the writings of these and raised falsehoods about a person of Imam Hassan (peace be upon him) the reconciliation of Imam Hassan is an extension of the revolution of Ashura. What this study humble , but in response to all of Sacrilege and accused Imam Hassan these Alafteraat , what may Benh of the nature of the events and circumstance that Surrouneded the Imam Hassan bin Ali is God reconcile agood helper.

العلاقات الفرنسية الايرانية 1958 - 1981 == Relation between France and Iran (1958 - 1981

Author name: صفاء جليل ثجيل

Supervisor name: عبد الرسول شهيد عجمي

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

Abstract: Occupies the study of International relations great importance in the can temporary world, Especially once Regional and strategy state as Iran, and Europe state as France each located on the different continent and separate them vast distance, But a common interest brought them together and a common positions of world issues, it led to the formation of Bilateral relations Parties gathered in the several fields, as a policy, Economic, and the Health Even the Cultural sphere, Reflected the reality that the relation are not confined geographical boundaries, or a language, or a political system, or even religious ties, but subject to consideration self - interest, and ideological prespectives, to the ruling political system, and its orientations. If the International relations represent the general frame to the convergence of all forms between peoples the forging policy is occupies part bountiful from this area, it cannot be any state in the world to build relationships with the other states without paint constants and variables of forging policy and public. Lines, to be able to achieve its goals, commensurate with motives and requirements and perhaps it may result in failures, away that’s Makes it reconsider in policy and paint a new dimension for international relations and put, so the forging policy the bedrock of international relation, this is in addition to the international law, which is subject to all considerations of international relation, Iran plays a strategic role in the east making it the focus of attention of European powers in clouding France, which tried repeatedly follow multiple policies to keep pace with Iran and gain satisfaction in many periods. The study came to address the issue of the relation between France and Iran since the phase Gaullist even the Islamic republic in Iran (1958 - 1981) consisting of an intro diction and four parts and conclusion, the first chapter includes the relations in the era of DE Gaulle, and the most important controls, and the Iran and method of dealing the world, with the statement of pillars of its forging policy au France look it to. While the second quarter came to Explaining the nature of the change which happened in Iran after the white revolution and implications for the forging policy of Iran with the statement of size armament obtained by Iran of European powers, including France, pointing to the most important aspects of relations between the two countries, and their attitude towards October war 1973 and the impact on ties. Big radical evolution happened then in the contemporary history of Iran it is the outbreak of the Islamic revolution led by ayatollah Khomeini and the creative revolution doctor Ali Shariti and the nature of the position taken by France from the Islamic revolution and the revolutionary elements both within Iran or those that have resorted to pairs during the revolution including ayatollah Khomeini which what work the third chapter to coverage. Even if the Iran - Iraq war broke out after the formation of the republic shortly we find that the relations between two sides it has taken a negative chapter, especially after France's support for Iraq and arming it against Iran, and continuing its hostile policy against Iran, particularly in the period of president Mitterrand with the withdrawal of Iran its share of nuclear facilities, and the deterioration of companies responsible for funding of these projects, with a view of the causes of this war, and the position of European powers of it. Of course, the relations between them have seen this fluctuation according to the dictates of international conditions, that is still to this day sets define paths of war and war and peace in the world.

نشاة وتطور التعليم في دولة الامارات العربية المتحدة (1971 - 1991) : دراسة تاريخية

Author name: بلسم سالم داود

General topic: History

Specific topic: Modern and Contemporary History

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of History

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

Author name: فائز ا. رشم

Supervisor name: حسام لوتي سعد

General topic: Mathematics

Specific topic: Mathematics

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Department Of Mathematics

Language: English

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages: