Author name:
الاء جابر طاهر ميس النصر الله
Supervisor name:
علي حسين نمر الاسماعيلي
Abstract:
The study of Arab political figures, especially the Egyptian personalities, are growing in importance by Iraqi researchers, and optional on the personality of Mohamed Mahmoud signed until 1941 Pasha reasons, including : produced the difficult times of the history of Egypt, men have had a prominent impact on political events and making the task of history, and left those figures obvious mark on the pages of this history. witnessed Egyptian political life after World War I, the emergence of many political figures, which had an active role in the political developments, and these characters Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha, and is well - known in Egypt political figures, and prominent figures that have passed on Egypt, and affected it a clear impact through his participation in the national movement and his defense of the rights of Egypt and gain independence from the British occupation, and also longer and through his administrative and political positions and the presidency of the party, the federal Constitution, the second largest party after the Wafd Party on the Egyptian arena, and becoming prime minister more than once, and here The importance of personal Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha study. The message was divided on three chapters, preceded by an introduction, followed by a ConclusionExperienced researcher great difficulties, including poor access to sources of important documents, especially the British documents, and lack of presence in the public and private our libraries because of the circumstances and events experienced by our dear country, and has suffered from looting and sabotage of the role of science. Researcher relied on documents unpublished, including the royal court files are available in the Library and Archives, and published documents, and the books that came in the forefront of the book (Selimiye family biography of a family of Upper Egypt), which is a great book the Alexandria Library in cooperation with the family of Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha ordering and had a great significance in our study of what the thrust of very important information and documents in a very important concerning the personal search, as well as some British documents concerning the period in question, as well as a book (the moderates in Egyptian politics - the study of the role of Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha) for the author Majida Mohammed Hamoud , and the book : (1922 - 1953) constitutional party authored by Ahmed Zakaria Alhalg, a broad and a great book, and it was with an academic turn in his study of the party, especially as the figure in question was a deputy to the party when it was founded and then as its President, and other books, including books Abd al - Rahman al - Rafai, especially his book (in the wake of the Egyptian revolution). The book Younan Labib Rizk is marked by (the history of Egyptian ministries), who followed the formation of the Egyptian ministries and their curricula and their positions. And it adopted the message on the diary some Egyptian politicians, the likes of Mohammed Hassanein Heikal, and book Abdel Azim Mohammed Ramadan (the evolution of the national movement in Egypt. And benefited the message from some of the messages and Alotarih own study of political, economic and social developments in Egypt, such as message (national movement in Egypt 1916 - 1922) researcher Adel Hussein Dvar Fartusi, and message (Ali Maher and the role of Egyptian politics) of the researcher Mason Fayyad sprue Abadi, as well as the message (of life Egypt's parliamentary 1936 - 1945) scholar Jamal Faisal Hamad Al - Muhammadi. The message was based on a number of books in English, which reflected the vision of the authors about the general situation in Egypt, the most important book (Eygpt Since Crome) authored by Dr. Lloyd George, as well as a book (JCBRiclmond Egyol 1898 - 1952) authored JCBRichmon, which contained important information about Egypt's history since the French protectorate over Egypt until the revolution of July 23, 1952, benefited from the researcher, particularly in chapter II and III. And he hired a researcher with some Egyptian and Iraqi newspapers and magazines, including the press (policy) and (Al - Ahram) (communication), and the Journal of the University of Babylon and the Journal of the University of Dhi Qar and magazine Baghdad University.After the completion of the writing of this study and scientific research result and depending on the Arabic historical documents and sources and references relevant, the study was able to reach a number of conclusions, namely : Downhill Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha of an old family owns many lands and its social weight, and the owners of positions, and worked Aba policy and grandfathers, and the big family house seat of seminars and meetings of literary, political, even counting his father Salon literary home in his own time. This political and moral legacy refine personal Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha, it was the intellectual and ideological affiliation of the Wafd Party Group II to refine this character, which placed him in a row moderate politicians. Mohamed Mahmoud Pasha put theory or ideas to demand the independence of Egypt from the British occupation, through negotiations not do revolutions against the British, the belief that these revolutions will bring with them the horrors and devastation, so put before his eyes Theory (Take student), and make it the exactitude in demanding independence from Britain . After his dismissal from the Wafd Party in 1922, he founded the Constitutions Liberal Party, to compete with the Wafd Party and to support Adli not take over the ministry, after the competition between the latter and Saad Zaghloul about the prime minister, and has had a major role in the political life of the party, and can be several of the most powerful figures who chaired the Party, which under his head throughout his life, and he imposes his views on the party members, and it seemed clear that the party's participation in the Ministry of copper 1927 - 1928 in spite of parking the most important leaders of the party against this decision. Characterized his relationship with the palace between the tides, for many reasons, it is against the absolute power of the king, and his rejection of the idea that the king is the leader of an Islamist; because he is in this capacity will be controlled entirely matters, and this is what was evident and clear when the ministry took in 1928 where the clash seemed clear in matters of governance between him and King Fouad, and got in some times alliances between him and the palace was for the purposes of his own and belong to the palace, especially as they stood together against the Wafd Party, but this relationship has not always be quiet, but you get clashes between the palace and Mahmoud Mahmoud Pasha when he took over after the ministry after the sacking of the ministry copper, and an example that despite its cooperation with it in the beginning of the palace, but after the elections in 1938, he wanted to exercise the full powers, which was born from the collision with the new palace. Despite being members of the Wafd Party before separating from him, but he was not inclined to the ideas of the party, stood as hostile to his policy position, and the fact that the Wafd Party the majority party and his party's minority party, he took the anti - Wafd Party policy when the ministry received, and that all actions unconstitutional by the During his reign was directed in particular to the Wafd Party. In spite of all the policies that followed, including the non - constitutional, but we find him a major role in Egyptian politics, may be negatively and sometimes positively Other times, these are the conditions and the behavior of public figures, as being in their interest with political events
