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التنوع التصميمي لزخارف مشبكات الاضرحة الاسلامية المقدسة في العراق == Design Variety of Ornament of Sacred Islamic Shrines Lattices In Iraq

Author name: ظافر عباس جسام العيساوي
Supervisor name: عبد المنعم خيري حسين العاني
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تمثلت مشكلة البحث بالنقاط الاتية : 1. تعدد الاشكال" العناصر الزخرفية النباتية والهندسية والتكوينات الكتابية" في تصاميم مشبكات الاضرحة مما اثر في وحدة الشكل ووحدة التصميم الزخرفي. 2. ان تعدد الخامات والتقنيات المعدنية المستخدمة في تزيين المشبك اثر عل | Problem of the research is represented in the following points : - 1. Multi forms " engineering and vegetal ornament elements and written formations in the designs of shrines lattices which affected form unity and ornament design unity "2. Multiplicity of raw materials and metal techniques used in adornment of the interlace , affected the design meaning which leads to losing the functional side of the interlace of the shrines.Accordingly , the researcher formed the problem of the research according to the following question : - (Design Variety of Ornament of Sacred Islamic Shrines Lattices in Iraq ?) The importance of the research is embodied by warning the designer to adhere to the unity of the subject in ornamented design specially for the shrines due to their spiritual and doctrine sanctity , and commitment with elements signs and the technologies of the material used by accurate expression of both sides functional and aesthetical due to the sanctity of these places and the reason of using. The objective of the research is to response the above question mentioned in the problem of the research. The research deals with design variety of ornament of sacred Islamic shrines lattices in all its kinds ( vegetal , engineering and calligraphy ) in Iraq ( Holy Najaf , Holy Karbala and Baghdad ) for the period from ( 1928 A.D - 2013 )( 1347 A.H - 1435 ). The second chapter is dealing with the following subjects : historical background about the beginning of holy Islamic shrines and lattices , meaning dimensions in the variety sacred Islamic shrines lattices , besides the variety in areal division of the ornament of sacred shrines lattices , variety of ornament of sacred Islamic shrines lattices in all its kinds ( vegetal , engineering and calligraphy ) , ornamented design elements and the basics of ornamented design , and finally adopted raw materials in executing sacred Islamic shrines lattices , besides technical methods in execution used in sacred Islamic shrines lattices. Then followed by theoretical framework and previous studies. The researcher adopted descriptive method ( analyzing the content ) in order to reach and achieve the objective of the research. The samples have been chosen intentionally , so the researcher chose ( 5 ) lattices of the shrines out of ( 20 ) lattices. Analyze form has been made for the selected samples according to the indications of theoretical framework , then presented to the experts to check its validity. According to the analyze form, the selected samples have been analyzed and showed the following results : - 1. The designer adopted one system for ornamented design process in sacred Islamic shrines lattices , in which the ornamented design were similar in general design by adopting unified design system ( bi - similarity ) across halved vertical pivot of ornamented formations 2 - The mobilized decorations have appeared in net of a scared Islamic shrines in Iraq of three types(plantation - calligraphic, engineering ) where they could be assorted as follows : A - Single work of one decoration type ( Flower) and (liner) and ( engineering ).B - Double work of two decoration( of cup and vase shape) and reality and calligraphic and(vassal , calligraphic, shape).3 - Several materials have embodied in designs ( decoration, lattice of sacred Islamic shrines, depending three material (gold, silver, and enamel ).4 - It was depended on the type of material(gold, silver and enamel) essentially via using various methods in accomplishment of decorations and writings, such as prominent cold hammering , crafting and perforation, besides using another colors for the mobilized decoration on Enamel materials. Based on results, the researcher has reached to a number of conclusions represented by the following : - 1 - The Islamic lattice of sacred shrines of engineering shapes( rectangular solid), that make for the designer, availability to implement one front and to repeat it on the other fronts, besides, depending, diversity of area division for the single lattice to get of the red tape of recurrence.2 - Depending the decoration diversity( vegetable, engineering, calligraphic) in Sacred Islamic lattice of shrine to realize the appearance opulence and to highlighted the estheticism, which contributed in self relation of the visitor via effectiveness added by these decoration to human spirit, and adding the spirit of humility and sublimation.3 - Not to mobilize the detective decoration( human and animal) in Islamic sacred lattice of shrine, and this related to the researcher's belief of credit motives, and hatred of picturing the creatures especially in the sacred places. According to what the researcher has reached of results , conclusions, and to complete the utility and knowledge, thus he deems specifying a group of recommendations , most important of them are : 1 - Make use of the current research results to sustain the academic curricula for the given departments. Amongst , the Arabic calligraphy and Islamic decoration in institutes and colleges of fine arts.2 - Emphasizing on the scientific and academic aspect in the process of selecting decoration especially in the Sacred Islamic lattice of shrines to realize the unison of the subject.And to meet the requirement of the research, and to realize the scientific utility, the researcher has suggested collection of suggestion useful for the successive studies, amongst : Studying the design manipulation for the lattice of sacred Islamic of shrines in another Islamic countries.

البنية الجمالية والتعبيرية في زخارف المنمنمات الاسلامية == Expressionism And Aestheticism Structure In Islamic Miniatures Ornament

Author name: منى كاظم عبد الموسوي
Supervisor name: عباس جاسم حمود الربيعي | باسم قاسم الغبان
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تمثلت مشكلة البحث بتساؤل اساس ماهي : البنية الجمالية والتعبيرية في زخارف المنمنمات الاسلامية؟ ويهدف البحث الى الاجابة عن التساؤل الوارد في المشكلة كما يتحدد البحث، في دراسة زخارف المنمنمات الاسلامية بانواعها المختلفة المتمثلة ب(النباتية والهندسية والكتابي | The problem of the research represented with an essential question ; what is.The research aimed at replying the question mentioned in the problem as defined in the research in studying Islamic miniatures ornament in different types represented in ( vegetal , geometrical , graphical and animality in both ( Iran & Turkey ) from Since 1489 to1596. The researcher has covered several titles such as : First category deals with the structure in Islamic art , structure of ornament forming which are represented in vegetal ornaments which are used with glass , flowers and branches , besides animality , mason tree forms and shapes which are employed in combination with vegetal ornament , formal spatial organization from the stages of establishment of spaces , organizing the units and branches in its terminology to get fundamental unit , and repeat it according to the fundamentals of mason , animality and geometrical designs.The second category includes the following : First : aesthetical structure starting from the concept of aesthete at Arab philosophers , concept of aesthete at modernizers ,besides the principles lSecond : Includes the expressionism structure of Islamic miniatures and expressionism dimension in ornament forms.Third : The third category is ( Islamic miniatures art ) represented in establishment , idea and sense and meaning in miniatures and the importance of the color in the art of miniatures. Finally Islamic painting schools. Chapter three includes procedures of the research and dealing with the titles to define the methodology of the research and sample of the research. The sample has been selected intentionally. The number sample distributed in both Iran ( 59 ) and turkey ( 38 ) samples. It was selected ( 20 ) sample from original society of the study ,and design the form , then showing it to the experts to check its validity achieving its objectives. Following pages allotted to analyzing of the samples. Below the most important results of the research : - 1. Expressionism structure expressed in Islamic art that represented miniatures art about events combined thoughts and cultures so that become connection instrument included multi - meaning symbols.2. Adopting expressionism structure concept in Islamic miniatures art upon intellectual and knowledge of the true religion Islam and itrelation with feeling and realization that accompanied to gratification and acceptance of the receiver., then follow up its aesthetical and intellectual implication 3. Confirmation of meaning structure of the opinion h in the research sample specimen , which offers for Islamic painter a chance of boosting related to indication and meaning , on the assumption that the thought produced according to intellectual formula and structural consolidate from aesthetic rich giver and expressional for artistic work as in most of sample of the specimen. 4. Expressional structure of Islamic art represented in miniatures art which made the concept of aestheticism gaining intellectual assimilation as new gates bear clearly different emotional trends and direction achieve joy and happiness to the receiver. 5. Aesthetical structure in ornament forms structure demonstrated obviously through harmony and compatibility between pivot ornament formations and reality , and subjected it to internal system to adjust their correlation in emotional , sense and cognitive derived from indications and signs in accordance with Islamic faith , and its implications of expressional results that consolidate 6. Variables of the ornament forms and shapes are geometrical , vegetal and masonic , mostly ornamented with different colors. Its gestures lead to intentional forms in its signs ; which is that form regarded in mien thinking between two directions : direction confirm upon notification nature and continuity of ornamental sign , other direction focus on interpretation of the sign i.e. the possibility of the sign and interpretation towards receiver. 7. Miniatures executed by one artist whereas several calligrapher participated in writing the texts before or after painters or embellished. The ornamented text gives the miniatures an abstract and ornamentation nature , even the scene was in battle field. accompanied with colored life, gives the miniatures harmony including great amount of regularity and logical sequences of the forms and elements.8. Islamic miniatures samples showed clear spread - out in dealing with structural and technical treatments for forms , dimension , color , written and touch units which are description works on it the Islamic photographer in order not to fall in prohibition issue , therefore they have to be away from embodying and from using the couple of light and shadow.9. Aesthetical standard ( proportionating , unity , variability , balance and repetition ) which the decorator tried to compare and depart them as basis for visible action and establishment in Islamic miniatures ornaments.Below The Conclusions 1. Using geometrical and vegetal ornaments in the art of Islamic miniatures to reflect aesthetic richness through absolute accuracy in execution.2. The art of miniatures connected with ornamented terminology greatly which is achieved through expressional structure multi - aesthetic characters participated within formal intensification that depend on determined spaces.3. The Muslim artist adopted in his miniatures upon flat perspective which depend on two dimension and ignore embodying which is represented in the three dimensional.4. The pictures of the personalities in Islamic miniatures characterized in different forms and shapes regarding special features such as the face or nature of the dress or structural formula of the form , adopting anatomical percentage according to belongingness , cultural and geographical references of Islamic country.5. Concentrate on tape and line system in written texts within the tapes and ornamented frame , adopting lines with functional performance such as ; caption ,on third uncombined in order to create connectional action to read the text , besides forms especially after adopting attached miniatures to ornament the ground of line text.According to the details mentioned above , the research has bring forth sample of the study from very deep and effect of al expressional structure , aesthetic ,and the mechanism of their operation in Islamic art represented in miniatures arts. Eventually the researcher recommended the following : - 1. Study Islamic miniatures art , its multi - aesthetical system specially ; colleges and fine arts institutes in order to understand its elements and subjects.2. Encouraging issuing publications , print material and aesthetical and technical studies that dealt with the concept aesthetic and expression in Islamic art which includes miniatures arts.3. Using subject (Islamic miniatures ) in the textbooks of the students who studied ornament Arabic writing for both studies primary and higher studies.For more scientific benefit for the research , the researcher presents the following suggestions : - 1. Aesthetical and expressional structure for handwritten formations in Islamic miniatures art.2. Aesthetical and intellectual dimensions for gilding of Islamic miniatures art.

الاثر الابداعي والجمالي لتنوع التكوينات الزخرفية الاسلامية في المصحف الشريف == Creative And Aesthetic Impact of The Diversity of Decorative Compositions In The Koran

Author name: عدي عبد الحميد مجيد
Supervisor name: عبد المنعم خيري حسين العاني
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اختصت هذه الدراسة الموسومة (الاثر الابداعي والجمالي لتنوع التكوينات الزخرفية في المصحف الشريف)، بدراسة الاثر الابداعي والجمالي للتكوينات الزخرفية الاسلامية المتنوعة ولاسيما في المصحف الشريف. تضمنت الدراسة اربعة فصول، عني الفصل الاول منها بمشكلة الدراسة | This study singled tagged (creative and aesthetic impact of the diversity of decorative formations in the Koran), to study the creative and aesthetic impact of the various configurations.The study included four chapters, the first of which the problem of Me study, determine the following : - 1. How can track the impact of the creative diversity of Islamic decorative formations in the Koran?2. How discern the aesthetic impact of the diversity of Islamic decorative formations in the Koran?3. What the technical underpinnings of the diversity of Islamic decorative formations in the Koran?Hence the importance of the study and the need for them, and inspire aim of the research, which requires the creative impact of the diversity of Islamic decorative formations in the Koran as well as unexplained revealed his theories, and then the aesthetic impact of the diversity of Islamic decorative formations in the Koran revealed.The study then identified objectivity and the temporal and spatial boundaries, as well as the definition of terms related to the study.The second chapter, which like the theoretical framework and the discussion of the previous studies and review, and later received three sections, where he touched the first of the concepts of impact, creativity and relationship with each other, as well as mental factors of creativity, and the elements of the creative process, as well as a review of the most important theories unexplained creativity. While This included the second topic on the concept of beauty in Islamic thought, and knowledge of inferences philosophical aesthetic Islamic in taste and sensory perception, as well as the role of the theoretical trends in judging the impact of aesthetic decorative, and to identify the role of monetary currents art modern in judging the aesthetic impact of the decorative, while the third section has reviewed the historical root of the decoration of the Koran, and addressed to the diversity decorative formations in the Koran, as well as technical diversity, and diversity in style, to the offender that diversity in areal division of decorative design statement, as well as a review of the diversity of formal and chromatography.While researcher followed the third quarter, particularly in procedures; descriptive analytical method to arrive at the results achieve the objectives of research and solve his problem, was selected sample deliberate manner (selectivity), as numbered (8) of the total (45) model varied in decorative formations. An increase (17%) of the original community on appropriate grounds. The design tool (Form) and presented to the experts to ensure validity, to achieve the objectives of the study. The sample models that have been analyzed under paragraphs.Therefore, the researcher suggested a number of results, including : - 1. must to achieve impact and creative in decorative formations focus on mental factorization and detected in samples search through sensibility Direction technical problems, especially in the field of processors structural and constructional design motif, as the first cash incentives to those formations and factor Search actor for aesthetic effect and innovative contrary, exceeding the stereotypical and traditional, including establishing the shift in the old concepts and graduated from the prevailing framework, some new concepts more exciting and effective.2. played elements of the creative process (the same artist, art, decorative item, expression), the primary role in structuring creative output decorative.3. must to achieve the aesthetic impact in decorative formations of conscious investment to design concepts and the creation of decorative structure, according to the intellectual perception of inferences philosophical aesthetic Islamic in taste and sensory perception (harmony, unity, completeness, regularity, balance, repetition, proportion, contrast and contrast, diversity, dominance , accuracy, sequence, direction, time and motion).4. diversity in decorative patterns and formations that decorated the Koran pages through bodies and geometric forms and geometric hired as : square or rectangular, circular, oval, curved and irregular configuration, and configuration corner, trickle - down configuration.And then rely on inter researcher's conclusions in his study, which was the most important : - 1. that any creative work frilly should be available when two conditions are needed : first, that this is a new innovative work away from the stereotypes and tradition. This does not mean that creativity arises - necessarily - out of the blue, he is going through in the early stages of imitation and simulation, but is not limited to it. The second condition : that holds a new Islamic art this creative work, and is a real addition to the quality of the field to which it belongs, and affect the development of serious and clear reality decorative art effect.2. quest decorated for seeking the pleasure of Allah Almighty in his artistic work. Through mastery of decorative and attention of his book al - Hakim. Which is often the source of the original revelation with respect to unity and decorative formations.Then the researcher concludes his study with references and sources relevant, and a summary in English.

التحول من الثبات التقليدي الى المفاهيمي في بنية تكوينات الخط العربي == The Transition From Stability Traditional To The Conceptual Structure Configurations Calligraphy

Author name: حسين علي جرمط
Supervisor name: عبد الرضا بهية داود
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: بما ان اتجاهات فن الخط العربي واساليبه تغيرت مع تطور الحياة وتلاءمت مع ظروف الانسان في كل مكان وزمان، فان هذا الفن شهد تحولات كثيرة عبرت عن طاقة ابداعية كامنة للوصول بالخط العربي الى ارفع المستويات الفنية والمزيد من الكمال الفني , كما فتحت افاقا ج | Since the trends in the art of calligraphy and his methods have changed with the evolution of life and Tlamt with the human condition in every place and time, this art has seen shifts many expressed their creative energy latent access calligraphy to the highest levels of technical and more artistic perfection, has also opened up new avenues within the limits of consciousness and dogmatic faith associated with the Islamic religion. The pressures and the effects of the environment and references the historical as well as political changes and cultural community as the necessities of expressions influential in artistic achievement, these trends happened to her shift, according to these circumstances, while I took the other kind of fortitude traditional, so these study tagged (the transition from stability traditional to the conceptual structure configurations calligraphy) included four chapters, the first chapter of which put the research problem and its importance and the need for him, and it turned out that the necessities of conceptual shift came through the birth of philosophical ideas new unconventional overshadowed calligraphy and aesthetics, and the detection of linear transformations new light paths traditional art of Arabic calligraphy. The second chapter included a theoretical framework across three sections dealt with the first of them hard and unstable.. concept and meaning, while the second was referred to the traditional fixed structure in linear formations, while addressing the third conceptual shift in the structure of linear formations, then followed indicators theoretical framework. The third chapter included measures Finder search and display the new terminology and analysis applications written form according to the analysis prepared for the achievement of the objectives of the research. The fourth quarter has included the results of the study show, including : 1 - over the stability of the configurations formal written several historical stages, associated with the march of the art of calligraphy across its long history, and his appearance came in line with the knowledge of Arabic calligraphy in the first era of Islam. 2 - that the creative efforts of calligraphers have established the foundations and the technical rules of Arabic calligraphy and helped to stabilize the forms of letters at the hands of top - line media who formed their tactics parameters Baghdadi school and walked them calligraphers since then and to this day. 3 - The school Baghdadi of assets and the rules of linear static stability established formal Arabic calligraphy and helped to spread and prevalence in major cities in other parts of the Muslim world. 4 - The formations linear transformations conceptual configurations in bore signs of turning affected assets and the rules that have long committed by calligraphers for centuries. 5 - The shift to grant the linear configuration on added importance in drawing attention and in turn has achieved more sensual pleasure, and this is a clear indication of the importance of the extraordinary transformation taking place in the structure of the linear configuration.

تمثلات الفكر الجمالي الاسلامي في التنوعات الفنية للخط العربي == Aesthetic Embodiments of Islamic Thought In The Artful Variations For Arabic Calligraphy

Author name: عدي ناظم فرمان
Supervisor name: عبد الرضا بهية داود
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: لقد اتخذت العديد من الدراسات النقدية الجمالية نظريات مختلفة في تفسير الفن ومحتواه الانساني وقد تبنت كل من هذه النظريات تحليل الفن وفق بيئة معينة تحددت بزمان ومكان، فنظرية المثل الاعلى حللت الفن الكلاسيكي الجديد والنظرية الشكلية حللت الفن التجريدي والنظ | Many of aesthetic critical studies have taken various theories in explaining the art and its human content.These theories have adopted the art analysis according to a certain environment determined by time and place.The theory of ideal analyzed the new classical art ,the theory of formalism analyzed the abstract art and the emotional theory analyzed romantic art ,while the theory of essence analyzed various methods and schools ,but all these theories were involved under the thought of the material philosophy which take from the concrete facts and values as an example of beauty.In what relate to the Islamic thought, thethought whichcharacterized with leaving the self - uniqueness towards the assembly mentality within the Islamic thought doctrine related to the book of Allah and the fair of explaining or keeping the aim of linguistic meaning for the sake of aesthetic form.In the absence of many of the circles which reach us to a real understand and realize what is the Islamic thought in general and what is the calligraphy in particular ,which requires an intellectual research for the aesthetic vision.At the same time that requires an effort to draw the features of that thought.The approach of calligraphy and the philosophy of its thought was based on the antithesis of material philosophy where the Muslim artist calligrapher works towards the renovating and developing the art of calligraphy to reflect the permanent care to show his achievements of calligraphy as artful aspects do not stop at the functional performance ,but overcome them to decorative and aesthetic dimensions reflect the creative extents which reached by the calligrapher for centuries and generations.In the midst of this growth and development filled with creativity of calligraphy ,a phenomenon was found in the formations of calligraphy based on an ability which reflects appearance for the scales of the aesthetic as a final achievement of calligraphy ,do not depend on the material values only as a mean to express the spiritual side.That appears via the large impact for the Islamic aesthetic thought which was gathered from different resources from Holly Quran , biography of Prophet and the philosophical opinions in Islamic thought.This was clear in the form and the content of the Arabic calligraphy ,which included the form and the content by away in which writing changed into a drawing open expressive aesthetic prospects for the Islamic art.There is no doubt that there is a need for the aesthetic criticism according to the modern Arab Islamic vision based on criticism term which put the base for like theses aesthetic studies ,according to that the problem of the research rise these questions : - - Are there bases and feature represented for the aesthetic thought in the Islamic art affected the Arabic calligraphy?According to that tow questions are arisen : - - What are Embodimentsof the Islamic aesthetic thought? - What are the Effectiveness of that Embodiments in the artful variety of the Arabic calligraphy?What helped in Prominence the artful vision which achieved the aesthetic dimensions according to aesthetic embodiments which were invested in the Islamic thought.For that the research studies the Islamic aesthetic thought embodied in the artful varieties for the Arabic calligraphy ,which includes four chapters.The first chapter deals with the problem of the research and its importance ,aims limits and terms.The second chapter includes three researches ,the first research dealt with the foundations of the aesthetic thought for the Islamic art. The second research included the references of the artful varieties for the Arabic calligraphy in the Islamic thought.The third research dealt with showing the effectiveness of the embodiment of the Islamic aesthetic thought in the Arabic calligraphy.The third chapter represents the research procedures through knowing the society which amounted( 140) forms of calligraphy (calligraphy formation) ,(14) where chosen from them as a sample were subjected to analysis which was depended by the research was the descriptive approach ( the analysis of content) according to the research tool represented in the analysis form which were built according to the indications of the theoretical frame and recommendations of the judges.The analysis reached to a number of results ,where the fourth chapter cleared the most important ,the speech of God ( holly Quran) which became the essence of the doctrine of the Muslimcalligraphy and a source of his inspiration where he was able to make the writtentext as visible art has aesthetic importance which deepen the imaginative awareness in another thing dependent from the logical meaning ,and the mentality of the calligraphycrystallizes thoughts and imaginations for whole vision about the abstraction systems and how they can coincide with the text ,which do not express the subject directly ,but by the intellectual Inspiration which targets arisen the mentality value for the recipient.the contemporary calligraphy tried to take from the human heritage items either he emulate as simulates the surrounding sense or to has a special self - attitude resulting from his interaction and understanding for the vocabularies and submitting them in pure template with a special internal a personal view from his heart headed outside to be expressive of the objective sense to result balancing equations for the internal necessities he live in and express them by himself. Depending on the resources of literary deportations (linguistics and semiotics) to complete the aesthetic side and enrich the functional side, to represent qualified artful presence to treat the approach of expression and communication modes through embodiment of iconography formations. The variety of the features of Arabic letters and the variety of their artful endings , helped in converting the mentality picture (thought ) into the stage of achievement through the real picture (the calligraphy formations in all its kinds) and making one visible outcome reflects the vision of Islamic aesthetic thought , and the stimulus motivefunctioning of the meanings of holly verses which were embodied by the calligraphy in an artful product ( calligraphy formation) with an aesthetic value and showing the religious Privacy in the mental of the Muslim calligrapher and explaining them in what add the Carrots and not sticks.The researcher to include the courses which deal with lessons of Arabic calligraphy art to concentrate on continuing in deriving the cultural identity for the Islamic art in the formations the art of calligraphy and decoration ,with the ability to activate the idea of using the aesthetics of the Arabic calligraphy as a mean to call for educating the Islamic concepts among the peoples and reaching the Islamic thought to the world via an elegant international human language.

اساليب التصميم الزخرفي في الفن الاسلامي : دراسة مقارنة == Styles of Decorative Design In Islamic Art (Comparative Study

Author name: بسام صعب حمد
Supervisor name: عبد الرضا بهية داود
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: بعدما قام الباحث بدراسة استطلاعية، على التصاميم الزخرفية النباتية المنجزة على المخطوطات الورقية، في القرن العاشر الهجري/ السادس عشر الميلادي. وجد ان هنالك ثمة اوجه تشابه متعددة، ولكن ثمة اختلافات واضحة، سواء على مستوى المفردات والمكونات، او على مستوى الان | After an exploratory study done by the researcher on plant decorative designs on paper manuscripts during the 10th AH century / 16th AD century. The researcher found that there are many similarities, yet there are also some obvious differences, both at the level of motifs and components, or at the level of construction and configuration, also he noticed that there are two distinct Art schools which had established their characteristics and properties gradually through the Safavid school in Persia and the Ottoman school in the land of Anatolia (turkey). Although the two schools are included in the Islamic circle of Art, both show distinct and obvious characteristics. Thus a detailed study required to show both similarities and differences, especially as the researcher had found out as a result of his continuous research in this field and his study of curriculum in the departments of Arabic calligraphy and ornamentation in the scientific institutions concerned in this type of art. That there is confusion and overlap in the way decorative design is applied in these institutions. This requires that we show these differences by answering the following : {What are the similarities and the differences between the two schools of art (the Safavid and the Ottoman) regarding the styles of designing floral decoration?} The importance of research, in that : 1 - It can contribute to enrich the students with the knowledge and competence in various fields.2 - It can contribute in cementing the curriculum, especially in the field of Islamic decorative arts. The research aims at : Revealing the nature of the decorative design styles in the two Islamic schools of art (Safavid and Ottoman) during the 10th AH century /16thAD century.This is achieved by conducting a comparison between these styles and determining the similarities and differences between these schools, based on the following criteria : 1 - Systems of space division.2 - Styles of construction and structure.3 - Types of decorative design.4 - Units of floral motifs.5 - Treatment of colors and methods of illumination. The research is also limited to floral decorative designs which are colored and illuminated on paper manuscripts, such manuscripts are found in the Riza Abbasi Museum in Iran and in Sulaimani Library in Turkey during the above mentioned period. The theoretical framework included the following subjects : Emergence of plant motifs in Islamic art (Introduction) and then referred to the school Safavid in Persia, and to the school the Ottoman Empire in Anatolia, styles of floral decorative design (regarding space division, and methods of construction and structure), color treatment and methods of illumination, components of floral decorative design, types and units of floral motifs (glass, flower), as well as structural units and design bases of floral decorations. The researcher followed in his procedures a descriptive analytic method to reach the results that can accomplish his goal in solving the problem.A sample has been chosen on purpose, 8 samples have been chosen out of a community of 80 forms. The analytic form have been designed and presented to the experts to ensure its validity an ability to achieve the desired goal.The research has reached the following result : 1 - The styles of the Safavid school was influenced by the styles of Chinese arts and the styles of Tamarid school , whilst the Ottoman school was influenced by the Safavid school , and by the Roman Seljuks arts , as well as the Chinese arts.2 - The systems of space division seems to be alike in both schools (Ottoman and Safavid), represented by five divisional systems which are : (bilateral, quadrilateral, radial, network, stripes) systems.3 - The two schools show similarities in their utilization of the double construction (flower cup, floral), yet they show differences in their utilization of the single style of construction for one of these types, the differences are shown in both ways of space construction which are the free and the repetition styles, or even through the use of units belonging to other types within other types of construction.4 - The components of the design (structures) show similarities in both schools regarding their construction of design and the way of placement.5 - Generally, the two schools have used the same methods in utilizing units and types of floral motifs, yet they differ in the minute details of the motif shapes.6 - Color treatment in both schools are close, both utilize the same colors like (deep blue) and (gold dye), these two colors in particular cover most of the space in the chosen samples.7 - Ottoman and Safavid schools used the same illumination methods called (tazmik)

التحولات البنائية لخط الثلث في المدرسة العثمانية == Structural Transformation In AlThuluth Calligraphy In Ottoman School

Author name: احمد مزهر داخل
Supervisor name: كريم حواس علي الساعدي
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: نال الخط العربي النصيب الاوفر من الفنون الاسلامية من حيث المكانة النفسية والقدسية لدى الفنان المسلم , لما يحمله من اهمية بالغة لارتباطه الوثيق في الدين الحنيف والمعتقدات التي تترتب عليه , فضلا عن حث النبي الاكرم صلى الله عليه واله وسلم للمسلمين على الاهتم | Arabic calligraphy has gotthe largest share of Islamic art in terms of the psychological status and sanctity to the Muslim artist , because of the magnitude of its extreme importance and close association with the true religion and beliefs of the artist entails , as well as the holy Prophet , peace be upon himurged the Muslims to pay attention to reading and writing and the imposition of Education in line with the mandatory requirements of the new life that have undergone the instructions of Islam and the laws of the divine , which contribute to the establishment of an Islamic culture and civilization deployed to all corners of the globe The top calligraphers took into account This causes that led to the need to a new strategy - evolutionary oriented concerned with the improvement and proficiency in writing , which was later known as the art of calligraphy , and through the evolutionary changes that caused this art through innovation types of calligraphy that gained the desirability of social taste , as well as satisfy the functional aspects and adoption of means of communication among the nations The Thuluth calligraphy is among those Arab calligraphies that passed through a series of transformations and developments that have emerged a form characterized by mature and perfect, through different stages of styles and ways of performance and writing conducted by some early calligraphers in the art of calligraphy through possessing a sense of unique creativity, as it is known Yaqotyia school initially basing style and balance to those who followed, and then the stage known as phase HamdallahAl Amasy which in turn made some changes contributing to the variance of the the aspect ,ratio, formalism of the letters that based of theYaqotyia school , then with the developments of Hafiz and Alraqm how mature and complete those letters. This Thesis included four chapters, the first chapter of which included the research problem and its importance, objectives, and boundaries, and the definition of terms. The second chapter included three sections , the first dealt with structural transformation and its implementation in art and a review of the transformations that have occurred in art in general, while second section consider the biases of thevisual discourse of calligraphy schools and patrons, presenting the most important phases of writing in general and Calligraphy in special , with mention of Some early pioneers who have contributed to the enrichment of the art of calligraphy, and the third section studied the Thuluth calligraphy and its measures ,sizes, characteristics and styles, and developments that have passed upon it by the pioneers of school stages of calligraphers, through that sections theoretical framework indicators have emerged, and then came previous studies that end the chapter. The third chapter has included research procedures and adopted the descriptive analytical method and set up a table of comparison between the products of calligraphers , and the selection of samples in accordance with the selective conditions for the samples, and the adoption of a set of Turkish calligraphers ( HamdallahAl Amasy , and Hafiz Osman , Mustafa Alraqm ) and choose their artworks as samples for the research with comparison among them , and after the process of analysis emerged a number of results , including : Emerged through the process of analysis and comparison between the ABCs of the calligraphers (HamdallahAl amasy, and Hafiz Osman, Mustafa Alraqm) compared with Yaqotyia school bases prepared by the researcher as a balance, a set of results was reached, as follows : Alefletter : the transformation was clear in the works of the calligrapher Hamdallah, across delete Altsairh and give charactera slop to the left, while Hafiz andAlraqmgave mature to the character by controlling how to draw the character and letterhead fluency. Alaba character : not being a remarkable transformation in the form of formal character, while all of calligraphers, each according tohis phasegave a stylistic side, the long descent, which led to the maturing of the character and completed a formality. It turned out through analysis and comparison adoption of calligraphers ( Hamdallah and Hafiz Osman and Mustafa Alraqm ) in how to write outstanding letters approved Yaqotyia school , without any noteworthy transformation.through analysis the transformation was evident in the line of sequentialwords ( with one level ) in how to deal with the construction of words and characters and upright on the line according to the three imaginary lines ensure centrist line basis erections and flow outstretched sections , while the inclusion of the upper letters line omens , and adopted the bottom line for basing and erection letters of calamity , that was by the calligrapher Hamdallah , so that a stylistic transformation adopted in building the line from that of Yaqouty school that based on the climb gradually to the left , and this is what was followed by calligraphers ( Hafiz Osman and Mustafa Alraqm).In light of these results, the researcher reached to the conclusions , including : 1 - the reason reliance Hamdallah to pursue a different way to what it was in the Yaqoutiya school , was due to his quest to establish a calligraphy school contrary to the school Baghdadi , characterized by new forms , later called the Ottoman school , as well as the request of the Ottoman authorities at the time to establish Ottoman school different from Baghdadi school.2 - Adoption of outstanding letters as they are known at Yaqout , by calligraphers ( Hamdallah , and Hafiz Osman , Mustafa Alraqm) , due to the formal body in Baghdad school completion , and not to create unambiguous when the receiver in the case to make any change or transformation.3 - that the reason for the adoption of the erection of the letters and syllables on the line between the two lines and limited only by the fictitious calligrapher Hamdallah and stay away from the way of Yaquote in how to create the line , due to the possibility of creating heterogeneity and diversity and identify stylistic aesthetically characterized by Hamdallah Al amasy.

معالجات الاعمال الخطية باستخدام برامج التصميم الرقمية == Treatments of Calligraphic Acts By Digital Design Programs

Author name: صادق جعفر جابر طرخان الشكاكي
Supervisor name: نصيف جاسم محمد عباس
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعتمد فكرة الاعمال الخطية الرقمية ومعالجاتها وظيفيا وجماليا بجميع مراحل انجازها, على مبادئ فنية تعالج وفقها، وهي مجموعة من ادوات تتصل بطبيعة البرنامج، والتي تؤثر بشكل او باخر على الناتج النهائي للمنتج، وما سيكون عليه، او ما سيحمله من تعزيز واثراء بصري | The idea of Calligraphic digital works based and processed functionally and aesthetically pleasing at all stages of completion, based on the technical principles addressed accordingly, a set of tools related to the nature of the program, which affect more or less the final output of the product, and what it would be like, or what will carry enhance the visual aesthetic and enrich, We have taken the concept of digital processing a wide area of research, in particular, is related to a two - pronged actors, arabic calligraphy, which is reflected formations creative spaces that have spread widely Graphic texture and design that is consistent in oprations with Calligraphy works, which represents, in essence, an integrated design structure processing mechanism, and from this sense ,calligrapher found a new space for the dissemination of creative experiences are the result of my contact between Calligraphy and modern a digital technology in all its technical additions. - The current research takes the mission of research and investigation of what relates to processors of Calligraphic works Through organizing it according into four chapters. - The first chapter included the research problem, which touched by the researcher, and related to field of Calligraphic works processed in digital designs, proposing the following assumption as a problem for his research : Digital processors written work contributed to the development of linear : done and identified the importance of research in the ability to benefit in developing the practical skills of the workers in this field. - The research delimited by the following limits : - Substantive limit : Business processing calligraphic works by digital programs - spatial limit : contemporary calligraphic samples digitally treated, according to the following : Program : (PHOTOSHOP), (Art Rage 2.5). The most popular in this type of achievements in calligraphy (Iran, Iraq) being witness a great operations in this kind of modern art. - Temporal limit : calligraphic works processed digitally to a group of calligraphers of the year (2013 - 2014). Period witnesses diverse and versatile in providing digitally treated works according to new methods. The researcher defined the following terms : which are : (processors), (Design), (digital calligrapher), because they relate to operations of the current research, and the second chapter specialized to the theoretical framework, and previous studies ,at which his three chapters carried headlines including : - Digital art. beginnings and evolution. - Digital Art and Design. - The concept of digital processing. - Digital Design programs. - Digital art & calligraphy art. - Methods of processing calligraphic works - color. The third chapter is devoted to research procedures, by stating methodology of the research which depended on the descriptive method (content analysis) to samples that were available to him. Then, the researcher analyzed (15) samples according to themes identified formerly. The research community : the community research reached 150 samples for digital prominent calligraphers in Iran and Iraq. The researcher organized a table for it. (review page - 172. "(Appendix 4) Research samples : reached samples reached (15) sample has been chosen according to the selective method infliction of the total community. review "(Appendix 4). researcher established conditions identified through them intentional choice of samples, including : A. Selection of samples within the temporal limits of the search. B. The appropriateness of the samples to the general research purpose and it's representation to the whole community research. Research tool : appeared what researcher focused on it in the research's literature and indicators. Sources and methods of collecting information : pointed from which the researcher to the approved methods of gathering information. Then he stopped on : honesty of analysis tool by adopting the way superficial honesty was done through distribution hubs analysis form on a number of experts and specialists and display to them Stability of analysis : and through researcher hired a group of outside analyzers and work according to the principle of pluralism of analysis within a table featuring analyzers degrees and the average stability coefficient (review page 170 ).Then, the researcher broached to statistical methods which carried out by the researcher through consistency over time, between his analysis and the analysis of a group of experts and determined the fourth chapter to mention the results and discuss them, including : A. workers processed calligraphic works focused on activate the digital design principles, whether they were at the level of structural elements or foundations.. or relations system and outputs.. This included most of the analysis samples. B. The adoption of digital design principles comes from understanding and expertise by calligraphers evidence of prior awareness of the basics of the structural process that considered important in the treatment of calligraphic painting. Then the researcher concluded some conclusions, included : awareness and understanding resulting from the calligrapher experience, greatly contributed to the strengthening of the visions and goals envisaged in the calligraphic works processing. It is the awareness among traditional direction in the industry of digital painting the Digital technology represented a wide field in front of the calligrapher to the quality of extras added on calligraphic painting new properties were unavailable in traditional styles : Then the researcher recommended some relative recommendations, including : 1. modernization of developments in digital technology, and updates provided by The world's largest producer of programs companies related to the treatment of the calligraphic work.2. Searching stylistic methods enrich works by the calligrapher and what adds the quality and beauty to his work.He then proposed to study the following : - Digital programs and their reflections on the formation of the structure of the Arabic letter.Then the researcher sited a list of sources and related indexes.

المعالجات التصميمية للزخارف المنفذة بالمرايا في العتبات المقدسة == The Designed Treatments of Excuted Illuminatins By Mirrors In Holy Places

Author name: علي عبد الصاحب عبد الحسن
Supervisor name: جواد عبد الكاظم فرحان الزيدي
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اشتمل البحث الحالي على اربعة فصول، تمثل الاول منها بالاطار المنهجي (مشكلة البحث واهميته واهدافه وحدوده وتعريف بعض المصطلحات)، وقد سعت المشكلة الى ايجاد اجابة على التساؤل الاتي : ما المعالجات التصميمية للزخارف المنفذة بالمرايا في العتبات المقدسة؟ويهدف البح | The research includes four chapters, the first one represents methodological frame and the research problem, importance and of some terms. The problem aims to find some answers for following question : What are designed treatment of excuted illumination in mirrors in the Holy places?Moreover, the research deals with excuted illumination in mirrors on ceilings and corridors of Aalwai holy shrine, Husseina holy shrine, Abbasi holy shrine, Kadhimaia holy shrine and Al - Aaskria holy shrine,in Iraq as in their current images (1435AH - 2014AD). The second chapter relates with theoretical frame. It has researches including the rise and development of the art of the mirrors on the walls of Islamic Architecture, beside the king of excuted illumination in mirrors and decorative composition and the ways of nominal arrangement through (fuctional, a sethie, expressive and technical treatment), through which one can get a number of indications for the theoretical frame and previous studies similar to this current research.The third chapter discusses the procedures of researcher follows in his work descriptive approach in order to get results achieving his aim and specifying the purpose of research. The researcher selected samples deliberately, where the number of samples reached to (10samples) from the total of (60samples). The researcher also designs the tool of research (from) and submit to the expert so as to insure the objectives, Also the researcher analysis a sample of the research on basis of suggestive tool.The fourth chapter includes the outcomes and conclusion of the Research, the most important result are as follows : 1 - It appears that geometric illuminations are more excuted in mirrors because they are more suitable for covering walls and ceilings and the possibility of its embodiment.2 - The excuted illumination in mirrors achieved a set of functions which are suited with the architecture arabesque and Islamic arts because they used material has distinctive specifications and features.Also the researcher gets some conclusions and as follows : 1 - The use of Arabic illumination in the excutive works in mirrors are easy to be excuted, and the process of embodiment on them, because of it stretched lines for other than illumination.2 - Use of mixed composition in the excuted illumination works in mirrors, because the illumination composition composed of several set of illumination, types for the purpose of the embodied variety of richness.3 - The reflecting image has been disappeared or scattered on the pieces which the illumination formed, to hide the reflected real image to suit with holiness of the place, and not to confuse the receiver and vistors of the place.(Attached with suggestion and recommendations and link them with the shapes, indexes and the source of the research)

فلسفة التنوع الشكلي في تصاميم الزخارف الهندسية العمارية == The Foral Variaty of The Designs of The Geometry Decoration

Author name: عمار هاشم مطلك الشمري
Supervisor name: خليل ابراهيم حسن الواسطي
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تضمن الفصل الاول مشكلة البحث التي تمثلت بالتساؤل الاتي : ( ما التنوع الشكلي في تصاميم الزخارف الهندسية ؟ ) واهمية البحث والحاجة اليه والفائدة التي تقدمها هذه الدراسة للباحثين والدارسين في مجال الزخرفة لاسيما الزخارف الهندسية , فضلا عن حدود البحث وعرض الم

تداخل الاجناس الفنية في بنية التكوينات الخطية المعاصرة == Interpenetrate The Art Varieties In The Modren Structure Calligraphy Formation

Author name: لؤي نجم جرجيس امين البياتي
Supervisor name: عياض عبد الرحمن امين محمود الدوري
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعنى هذه الدراسة الموسومة بــ (تداخل الاجناس الفنية في بنية التكوينات الخطية المعاصرة) بالتساؤلات الاتية : 1. ما هي العوامل التي تحدد كيانية فن الخط العربي بوصفه عنصرا فنيا تشكيليلا ؟2. ما هي السمات التي تعطي فرصة لمنظومة التكوينات الخطية المعاصرة مسا | The wide opens of knowledge and inter penetrate achievements systems and their instruments and the down full the theory of the limits line between the varieties sorts of Artistic this subject puts on many complicated questions if they watched that it’s variety includes between it’s two one sides more than enther artistic Kinds , however it done by research confect rival and not ended trying into the fine disputes (struggles) about the structure form and the structure content and structure method (technique) and create the analogous by it’s beauty works and works on activation the Artistic achievement in it’s Same special kind As activation coalition and a harmony conscious analogy between many artistic billings (structures), according to the analysis theories and restructure by anew shaps to reach to the artistic invention for that the research’s problem represented by these questions : 1. Does the artistic of Arabic calligraphy structure some characters limitation of it’s nature by describing as artistic collection king?2. Are there another beauty artistic interpenetrate shaps into the formation of the modern structure Art?3. Does the out side from the establish of liberal and traditional gives an opportunity to the system after the modernize more spaces into the pavticipation.The research’s purpose into ansuer about all the quesitions which coming in the problem, so that the research restrict formation all kinds and which outlet on many different crudes and technicals whether on paper or clothes stons like buildings material as containers pottery soas adifferent writers to 2013 A.C.The theoretical side has these subjects : the unders too d(aspect) of interpenetrate varieties in formations or directions of structure disgn and the relation building between the artistic varieties (the relation of calligraphy and AL - Munamnamat, the (Calligraphy) structure letters relation with artistic build (architectural) The pretty up of calligraphy and homogeneity with the carried master piece The graphic Art and it’s interpenetrate withen the calligraphy formation, instead of the construction of the structure formation. The conditions forms (the construct of the modern) structure formation building, The technical construct, The borrowing in the structure sort , the elements of formation in the structure sort. The researcher followed by his procedures the Description analysis theory to reach to the some results to make iti purposes and resolve it’s own problem and complete chose the sample by intend way which they have the numbers of the samples into (15) from the totel numbers (134) shaps. and deter mination appliance (form) and presentation into the experiences to make sur that from it’s validity, and achieved to make the purposes this research is reaching to some results some of them : - 1. There is more than an element and interpenetrate system with the modern structure formation, there is (the shape system, the design system to face each other system, changeable system, and borrowing system.2. The technical character, it’s the type which marked by the sort of modern structure formation into majority artistic achievements which it’s own quality on basc like this kind.3. there is a clear to face each other and interpenetrate by the kinds the artistic collection with the modern structure formation sort. That will be a clear with the shapes systems and the ways of achievement by another kinds of collection especially at the modern artistic schools : and we can limitation the variety interpenetrate in the modern structure formation into : A. To face each other with the modern artistic carve.B. Interpenetrat the Art of design, pottery, Decoration and drawing with the structure variety.C. The interpenetrate the graphic Art and it’s own sensitive the structure variety.D. Face each other with the art of architecture and the monument.4. The modern calligraphy variety witnesses, Transformation from it’s ancient benefit, into the beauty shape and the relation with modern artistic collections.5. The modern calligraphy variety contain with the beauty valuable by done with interpenetrate out side and inside the spaces in the work. The space factor has a central and an effect work into the formation setup.The researcher rec0mmends, and to benefit from his recommendation and his expressions by confess a subject about the artistic interpenetrate varieties as a lesson or matrial for the higher studies and to directe the calligraphy writers students in the initial studies to produce the calligraphy working brojects to be the inter penetrectes more than one types from the Artistic variety and the researchers suggestion that to give a comparison studing between the modern calligraphy structure formation and the artistic collection with interpenetrate by achivements forming (fulfillment) and gives a study conception of the facing each other aspect aspect and borrowing and trans form in the modern calligraphy structure formation.

تقنيات تذهيــب الزخارف النباتية في المدرسة التركية

Author name: مصطفى عبد القادر مشحن الفرحان
Supervisor name: عبد المنعم خيري حسين العاني
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: انفردت الزخارف النباتية بخصائص جمالية امتازت عن سواها من المفردات الاخرى (الهندسية والحيوانية) , لانها حظيت باهتمام كبير من قبل الفنان المسلم اذ تم توظيفها في المجالات الفنية المختلف لا سيما في مجال الخامات الورقية (اللوحة الخطية) وتعد الزخارف النباتية ال

القيم الجمالية للتنوعات التصميمية في تكوينات خط الثلث الجلي == The Aesthetic Values of The Design Varieties In The Formations of Al - Jali Al - Thulth

Author name: حسين علي جرمط
Supervisor name: عبد الرضا بهية داود
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يعنى هذا البحث بدراسة القيم الجمالية للتنوعات التصميمية في تكوينات خط الثلث الجلي، بوصفه واحدا من اصعب الخطوط العربية واجملها، وما يتميز به من مواصفات فنية شكلت حافزا قويا للخطاطين في السعي باتجاه اجادة واتقان قواعد حروفه وبناء تكويناته باساليب وا | The research is intended to study the aesthetic values of the design varieties in the Formations of Al - Jali Al - thulth script Being one of the most difficult and beautiful Arabic scripts and characterized by some artistic specifications , it strongly motivated the calligraphers to be good at the rules of its letters and the build up of its formations in various artistic trends and styles. That helps enrich and develop the design and aesthetic values of these structures , since they are graphic chievements representing a turning point resulting from the semantic , aesthetic and objective vision in producing the texts according to a particular form - amatter which has clear influence on the expressionistic, aesthetic and technieal development to produce free structures with design constitutions untied to geometric figures. The emergence of these free structures is only a natural product of the Arabic script development and its way of handling the designs in the light of the principles and rules of the Arabic script. The researcher, through the samples which he had access to, has managed to present the problem in the first chapter via the following question : 1 - What are the aesthetic values of the design varieties in theFormations of Al - Jali Al - thulth script ? The significance of this research lies in the fact that the formations of Al - jali Al - thulth script are a wide field of innovation, renewal and change at the level of the formal build up of formation. The study is of sig nificance to the researchers in the field ofArabic script. The study aims at revealing the design varieties in the formations of Al - Jali Al - thulth script, and identifying the aesthetic values of these varieties represented in the free structure appearing in Iraq, Syria, Egypt and Turkey from the period (1970 - 1390) to (2010 - 1431) Chapter Two includes three sections. The First section deals with the genesis and development of Al - thulth script and the transformations it witnesses throughout developmental course until the concept of graphic portrait appears. Section Two touches upon the development of the structure system in the Al - Jali Al - thulth script. Section Three goes into the aesthetics of the Arabic script, followed by the previous studies and the indicators of the theoretical framework. Chapter Three comprises the procedures of the reseaech. The approach adopted is analytic descript. Tive. The population is restricted to the graphic portraits that have free structures written in Al - Jali Al - thulth script. The portraits are one hundred (100) in number, 20 samples of which the researcher has chosen on purpose which accountfor 20% of the total population. These portraits have been analyized to the analysis form which includes four points, the authenticity of which is supervised by a group of specialists in this field. Chapter four contains the analysis of the samples and presentation of the results : 1 - Employing the flexibility of the letters of Al - Jali Al - thulth script in building up free formations. 2 - Diversity in the artistic direction of the free structures whether it is in the organized letters or in the built formation. 3 - The possibility of changing the positions and directions of the letters as well as measurements, facititates the invention of special free formation. 4 - Some free structures are characterized by simplicity in terms of the build up or the formal build up of the formation.5 - The multiple forms of a letter helps the calligraphist prefer one form to another of the same letter and choose the suitable form to build up the design skeleton of the free structures. 6 - The phenomenon of the free structures in the Arabic script is a tendency to liberate from the domination of thegeometric figures. 7 - The engagement between the letters and words forms different design relationships, and helps in effective form and space. 8 - The free graphic formations show that the calligraphist adopts the rule of lengthening of the letters. 9 - The adoption of the rule of letter modification and the specific change of its build up (formal,standard) shows that there are various forms exceeding the rule form of the letters.10 - The artistic direction of the graphic structures is characterized by innovation and diversification whether in terms of the formal organization of formation or in letter organization or merging to complete another letter. 11 - The letter are at the calligrapher`s proposal to satisfy his artistic sensation in the lengthening and sending with the view of showing its beauty. The researcher has come to the following conclusions : 1 - The graphic structures are an important phenomenon generated by the developmental mocement of the Arabic script. of the reasons of this phenomenon is that the calligraphers try hard to give it beauty, cohesion and strength. 2 - Al - Jali Al - thulth is the most capable script of producing the graphic formations in different forms and designs,particularly the formations characterized by the free structures due to its construction properties and itsmultiple and diverse forms of letters. 3 - The weak artistic distribution of the formation design particularly abiding by the reading serial which results from design necessities to produce the formation, negatively reflects upon the realization of the communicative goal and smooth reception. The researcher has made the following recommendations : 1 - Teaching ( the aesthetic values of the design varieties in the structures of Al - Jali Al - thulth script ) as curriculum in the college of fine arts and the educational institutions. 2 - The results of the research should be made use of and be adopted as a basis when preferring one calligrapher to another in the artistic activities such as contests, shows and festivals.

التنوع التصميمي في لوحات المشق الخطية == Diversity In Design Mashaq Handwriting Paintings

Author name: اشرف كامل عبد الامير
Supervisor name: عبد الرضا بهية داود
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: استهدف البحث الى دراسة التنوع التصميمي في لوحات المشق الخطية، من خلال الدراسات الاستطلاعية التي قام بها الباحث، وجد وعلى حد علمه ان تلك الدراسة لم يتطرق اليها الباحثون من قبل، لهذا وجد الباحث مبررا منطقيا في دراسة لوحات المشق والتعرف على تنوعها تصميمي | Targeted to study the diversity of design in the Mashaq handwriting paintings , and through surveys carried out by the researcher, found and , to his knowledge that the study did not address the researchers before This researcher found in a study rationale plates rima and identify the diversity of design parameter. The study included four chapters, the first chapter includedthe research problem, in the following question : What diversity in design Mashaq handwriting paintings In order to reach solutions to this problem and to achieve the desired results, so research aims to identify the elements of artistic construction plates rima, andidentified by the researcher Balentajat completed in all of Iraq, Turkey, Egypt, and Saudi Arabia.The second chapter includes several axes, including a brief history of plates rima, and building them with technical, design and foundations, while the third chapterincluded the research community boards rima linear and which numbered (97)Chosen from the research (10) samples were deliberate, may follow the researcherdescriptive approach, using this instrument, which were represented form for analysis which is based on dialogue with several oversaw the validity of a group of professors who specialize in this area either Chapter IV represents to reach important results, as it appeared diversity in design plates AlamishqalkhtiahibflAdoption of plates rima processor design variety is based on the methods based on the lack of contention clips, text, or fragmentation of the word into two parts due t othe similarity of characters, or by symmetry and symmetry words of text, contributed treatment sections written word per category of color united in promoting the efficiency of literacy that draw paths lead appointed receiver to track the movement of the characters despite the variation trends, especially within the formations character motor, and the researcher recommended included plates Alamishq the curriculum for the students of the Faculty of Fine Arts, and educational institutions corresponding to them, because of their importance in the diversity of outcomes sin being kept pace with the movement of technical development, sealing the fourth quarter proposal fit to be a subsequentstudy includes oundations Alamchaq pairing between handwriting and paintings of letters nature.

التنوع الشكلي للخطوط المبكرة في المصحف الشريف == The Formal Variation of The Early Calligraphies In The Holly Quran

Author name: كفاح جمعة حافظ
Supervisor name: عبد الرضا بهية داود
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The problem of the research represented in a basic question : (What is the formal variation of the early calligraphies in the holly Quran?) The research aims to answer this question mentioned in the problem The research deals with the calligraphing models which arrived to us from the period of prophecy to the end of second century of Hijra , which represented with the holly pages of Quran.The theoretic frame dealt with the following subjects : notating the Quran in era of prophet Mohammed (peace to be upon him),and the material which were the Qurans written on at the beginning of Islam ,the research dealt also with the spreading of calligraphy in the first two centuries of Islam. The second research deals with the variation of Quranic calligraphies at the beginning of Islam.The third research deals with emotions and admiration, then the fourth one deals with spacing between suras and decorations. The last research dealt with what the researcher concluded about the variation of the early letters in the holly Quran through using tables showed that variation.The indicators of theoretical frame and the previous studiesThe researcher followed in his procedures the descriptive approach to come to results that achieve his aims and solve his problem.The sample was chosen deliberately where the number of samples was (10) samples out of (40) models. The tools (form) was designed and submitted to the experts to assure its validity and achieving the aims.The researcher came to several results which are : 1 - Some Quranic calligraphy characterize with simplicity in drawining the letter or the formal building of the page ,on the contrary of other kinds came in high accurate drawining.2 - Variation of the one letter form in the same calligraphy and its appearance in various forms, whether it was connected or disconnected, it helped the calligrapher in finding the differentiation among the forms of the letter and choosing the suitable form in building the designing frame for the Quranic page.3 - The calligrapher , who concerned with drawining the letters , characterized with perfect generally, this seem clear through the models which we got.4 - The pages which were written with the Quranic calligraphy were full of lines wher e their number reached (32) lines, where in other kinds they did not overcome (3) lines ,where their average was (11) lines through analyzing the models. The average of number of the words in the single line was (5) words according to analyzing the samples.5 - The Arabic calligraphy achieved great change in the formal pages for letters and the systems of their building, as a result of taking care of Moslim calligraphers at that time in improving and decorating the Arabic letter and taking care of the aesthetic side of the letters images and their connections to achieve the functional and aesthetic aims in the holly Quranic.6 - The multi - levels systems did not appear at the beginning ,while the simple lining system was adopted in the lines of holly Quranic page ,with appearing of a simple way to form a single letter over the other as in the sample number (6) in the word (aladthab).7 - The decoration became representing the added unity, when it entered on the Quranic calligraphy ,but the calligraphy remained with its Sovereign and dominated role in the holly Quranic.The researcher recommended to make use of his results and vocabulary in supporting and activating the study Curriculum concerned with early calligraphies generally, in the concerned departments within the artful collages and institutes.The researcher proposed studying the variation of the early calligraphies for the next periods as third and fourth centuries and the advanced periods and make a comparison study about their formal variation.

اسس بناء تصاميم الزخارف النباتية الجدارية في العتبة الكاظمية المقدسة == The Foundation of Building And Designing Wall Plant Ornaments In The Holy Shrine of Imam Kadhum

Author name: سؤدد مشعان حواس
Supervisor name: عبد المنعم خيري حسين العاني
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تمثلت مشكلة البحث بتساؤل اساس ماهي : اسس بناء تصاميم الزخارف النباتية الجدارية في العتبة الكاظمية المقدسة ؟ وتجسدت اهمية البحث بالاسس البنائية للزخارف النباتية الجدارية بوصفها ممثلة لتنوع من الفنون العربية الاسلامية وعلاقتها بالمرجعيات الفكرية والفلسفية، | The problem of study is summed up in the following question : The Foundation of Building and Designing Wall Plant ornaments in the Holy Shrine of Imam Kadhum?The importance of the study lies in the bases of building and designing wall Plant ornaments as representing the variety of the Arabic Islamic arts and its relationship to ideological and philosophical references. The present study aims at answering the questions. It also was confined to the external and internal facades carried out on the glazed and marbled slabs in the Shrine for the present status 2012/1433 ah. Chapter Two included the following themes, a short historical review of the emergence of the ornaments in the holy shrine of imam, the most important elements constructing it and the contents of the wall plant ornaments. In addition to the most important vessel, flora and bough existing in the designs of the shrine. Some of these designs include vessels, heart shaped frames and pillars, animals and realistic shapes as well as natural scenes to obtain one basic needs of the shrine as well as the technical shape.The researcher followed in the procedures the descriptive approach in order to arrive at achieving the results of her research. She chose purposely her samples. The sample attained 10 samples out of 191 design. The analysis form was based on the indicators of the theoretical frame and were shown before the experts to verify their validity. According to the analysis form, the samples chosen were analyzed. The following were found : 1 - the weak interest in the organization and adjustment which was conducted on some designs by demolishing some of the slabs and using instead designs that do not suit the old slabs. In addition to the lack of a cadre specialized in calligraphy.2 - the appearance of more than one bough movement inside the one design like (spiral, wavy, circler) which were conditioned according to the requirements of the area and were divided into (dual, quadruple, radial, reticulate) in addition to the free designs. 3 - more than the shape of the form, this spatial occupation of the plant ornaments (vessels, floral) were more,. There are other plant unties like (vessel, heart shape) ornaments. 4 - the designer was inspired in carrying out his color treatment according to the closely allied relations and the chromatic graduation among the colors and the other formations, in order to show the dominance of the appearance on the other formations. 5 - the ornate designer tried to activate the structural bases through his expertise and taste in carrying out the ornament product to achieve unity and repeating them in the artistic ornament work. According to the results reached to by the researcher the following was concluded : 1 - the use of more than one type of ornament in one design (plant, linear, animal. Heart shape, vessel and architectural) in order to accomplish the appearance enrichment as well as to achieve variety. 2 - The use of the technique of carrying out the glazed and veined slab raw to reflect the richness and brilliant color. 3 - The design bases contribute to the process of founding the for structure of the plant ornaments, especially those with identical formations according to the (balance, dominance, repetition, homogeny, variance, unity and variation) to achieve the functional and embellishing objective.According to what the researcher has reached out, and in completing to the benefit and knowledge, the researcher recommends the following : 1 - making benefit of the findings of this research and inserting them in the curricula of the Artistic Ornament studied like the institutes and college of fine arts (Dept. of Archaeology) as well as the offices and institutions concerned with this holy shrines in Iraq. 2 - employing new technique suiting with the moral value of the status of the Holy Shrine of Imam Kadhum in the execution of (outstanding and cavernous ornament) technique with a consideration of the rules and principles of ornaments to vary the executive techniques.In completion to the requirements and to achieve scientific benefit, the researcher suggests making these subsequent studies : 1 - studying the artistic and technical ornaments in the Arabic Islamic art.2 - studying the balance of concepts for the aesthetic concepts to employ Islamic ornaments between the modern and postmodern arts.3 - studying the artistic characteristics of the plant ornaments and designs in the ideological and philosophical values.4 - studying the building of a program to analyze the formation of ornament by the use of computers

تاثير الحرق بالاختزال على الفخار المزيج فنيا وتقنيا

Author name: احمد هاشم عبد الكريم
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad

الاسس الفنية للزخارف الجدارية في المدرسة المستنصرية : دراسة تحليلية

Author name: عبد الرضا بهية داود
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad

الوحدات الزخرفية في جوامع مدينة بغداد وامكانية استخدامها في منهج الاشغال اليدوية

Author name: حسين محمد علي سامي
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad

تقنيات الخزف العراقي المعاصر

Author name: عائدون عبد القادر محمد الانقر
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad

التكوين الفني للخط العربي وفق اسس التصميم في العصر الاسلامي

Author name: اياد حسين عبد الله الحسيني
General topic: Fine Arts
Specific topic: Calligraphy and Decoration
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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