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التشخيص الجزيئي للفطر المحاري Pleuroutus ostreatus وفاعلية بعض المخلفات الصناعية في انتاجه وقابليته الخزنية Molecular Diagnosis of The Oyster Mushroom Pleuroutus Ostreatus And Effectiveness of Some Industrial Waste In Its Production And Its Ability Storage

اسم المؤلف: سولاف حامد تيموز
اسم المشرف: عبد الامير سمير سعدون
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت هذه الدراسة انتاج الفطر المحاري ostreatus Pleuroutus باستعمال اوساط زرعية محضرة من مخلفات صناعة محلية وما لها من اهميه من الناحية الاقتصادية كونه يعد عنصرا غذائيا مهما يحل محل البروتين الحيواني المتمثل باللحوم، وما لهذا الفطر من اهمية طبية وعلاجية ا | This study included the production of mushroom oyster Pleuroutus ostreatus by using agricultural media prepared from local industry and which has importance in the economic district it's consider important nutrition element instead of animal protein representive by meat. this fungus has importance of medical and therapeutic, the results showed existence of chemical substances concentrated in the fruiting bodies such as Galic acid and Statin and other substances. that have had an active role in reducing cholesterol in the blood as well as break the clot blood through the presence of certain types of enzymes that break down blood clotting, which may occur, the results showed when studying the mushrooms from the genetic diagnosis molecularly using the technique of the PCR to determine the type of isolation that gives the production of economically significant. Results showed the presence of gene hereditary called Osteareolysin who works with several aspects of the mushrooms which give the recipe contrast pathogenic fungi plant also this study included re - using some of the remnants of plant starch corn husks and Al - gluten and corn embryos. the remnants of Maysan sugar Factory of material Molasses and Molass Baggaz and the study of their role as carrying materials, central ferment and growth of the oyster mushroom during agricultural it on these remnants. The results of the chemical analysis of the remnants of the sugar indestrey in Maysan Molasses and Baggaz and waste plant starch in Al - hashemeyeh / Babylon Al - Baggaz and yellow corn straw showed that molasses substance was contain the amount of sugars which sometimes reach to 41%, that making it as a good base of food to mushroom. When added molasses at different levels 2, 4, 6% to the central media the study showed a positive relationship between the levels of molasses and the radial growth of the oyster mushroom. The concentrations 25, 50, 100% of the leaky innate showed ability Tdhadah high - fungal plant pathogen (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium solani, Stymphllium sp., Penicillium sp.) Antigonsim when studying the negative ability of the fungus. The results showed a significant increasing in the growth standards and gaining characteristics of the oyster mushroom in the mass production of fruiting bodies called the gaining total according to the wet weight and it was higher production on corn husks and pomace dates 761.89, 735.13 g /kg of media and concentration of molasses 6%. when measuring efficiency of the fungus to product the largest amount of fruiting bodies observed that the middle pea - corn husks and pomace dates gave a larger amount of the remaining media and a concentration of 6% 76.18, 73.51%, have been affected by the weights of pods fungal change is another factor which affected by rates of molasses. The results were closely between nutrition media but nevertheless observed superiority of Corn husks and Pomace dates on the rest of media (15.04, 13.77)by using 6% concentration of molasses. when calculate the lengths of the necks of the body fruiting because of the great importance in a statement recipes - gaining produced and influenced by user medai - aligned and concentrations of molasses, as there were differences moral at all concentrations of molasses, when calculating the percentage of dry matter increased significantly increase the concentration of molasses and all concentrations compared with a comparison of strew wheat, which amounted to 12.16% when adding 2% molasses observed the emergence of highly significant differences between treatments and compared with control treatment, which gave treatment of Pomace dates highest rates, followed by corn husks and corn embryo and Al - gluten and Baggaz 8.21, 9.00, 9.28, 9.29%, respectively. For the purpose of obtaining material efficient in maintaining the objects fruiting intact throughout the storage period tested preservatives (such as Sorbic acid and black pepper) and concentrations 40.20g / l of articles in a row leads to prolong longevity reservoir simulation of the objects fruiting and maintain the quality characteristics of the objects fruiting. The results showed that the addition of material to the feeder molass medai AGRO of oyster mushroom had been increased the proportion of protein in the fruiting bodies, either with respect to calculate the proportion of carbohydrates had been found that the percentage of carbohydrates are associated with a high positive correlation relationship between the concentration of molasses and the different transactions that were used in the experiment. The oils were represented less than what can be had reached attribute to 0%. Well conducted safety checks the health of the mushroom oyster and the results were that the fungus free of toxins by anatomy organic to members liver, kidney and intestines and by the standards of blood physiological mice tested. And the importance of this project calculated the economic viability and profits and revenue obtained from such a project.

انتشار داء المقوسات العيني مع تقييم لبعض جوانب الحالة المناعية في عينة من المرضى العراقيين Prevalence of Ocular Toxoplasmosis And Evaluation of Some Immune Status Aspects In A Sample of Iraqi Patients

اسم المؤلف: عبير فاروق ساكن الحكيم
اسم المشرف: اسراء قاسم العبيدي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية على 104 مريضا من المراجعين لوحدة الشبكية في مستشفى ابن الهيثم التعليمي للعيون في بغداد للمدة من بداية شهر كانون الاول 2013 لغاية شهر حزيران 2014. قسمت مجموعة المرضى استنادا للتشخيص السريري وفحص اختبار التلازن Latex test الى 50 مصابا | The current study was conducted on 104 patients whose underwent to the retina unit in Ibn Al - Haitham Hospital of Eyes in Baghdad from December 2013 to May 2014. The patients groups were divided according to the clinical diagnosis to 50 patients infected with ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) and 54 patents with uveitis, in addition to these groups acontrol group was also included 96 healthy apparent persons without any infection in their eyes.Some epidemiological characters were studied like age, that showed a little effect on two groups OT (Mean of age 38.07 ± 15.14) and uveitis (Mean of age 35.1 ± 17.6). The two groups were found in range 20 - 40 year while the control group include individuals with different age due to the randomly collection. The occupation factor play arole in the prevalence of infection with highly significant differences (P<0.05) in (house wife, workers) with a percentages 35(70%) 35(64.8%) in OT and uveitis groups respectively but the control group expend to include house wife, workers and officers with a total rate 92.7%.The education level also showed significant differences (P<0.01) among the studied groups, the most of ocular toxoplasmosis and uveitis samples were found in highly frequency at the primary, intermediate and secondary educational level with total rate 74% and 77.81% respectively while the control group was found at the secondary and under graduate educational level in 77.1%. The residency character was also examined and no revealed significant difference (P<0.05).The infection path was also set by the presence of animals especially cats which ware existed leading to statistical differences, p? 0.01 for OT group with rate 18%. The visual activity character showed no significant difference (P?0.05) between the patients of OT and uveitis who affected their visual acuity in right eye while the doubling response was recorded for uveitis patients with rate 55.6% in comparable with OT patients with rate 38% for the left eye. The intra ocular pressure was normal in both groups and for both eyes without significant difference.Latex and ELISA IgG. IgM serological tests were used in this study. The results were showed that latex test is easier and it is appear that OT patients were diagnosis with 100%, while the uveitis patients didn't show any positive result. Control group showed that 21 individuals were infected with rate of 21.9%.ELISA - IgG toxo. antibodies confirmed that the infection rate of OT patients was 39 (78%) versus 11(22%) with negative result, while the study also confirm that uveitis patient that have OT disease was 12 patient from 54 case, 42 case didn't diagnosis for OT. The control group was re - evaluated showed 28 case with toxoplasmosis infection from 96 case which from the subclinical group. The antibodies levels were measure by international unit/ ml for all groups, the IgG level was 3.186 ± 1.703 Iu/ml in positive control group followed by OT patients with 2.927 ± 2.417 and uveitis group 0.637 ± 0.803, finally the negative control group 0.276 ± 0.163. IgM levels were low and its presence didn't have any positive case. This study also showed that there was a relation between the IgG level and the pathological effect on eyes which resulted from infection for both groups OT and uveitis, it was high rate 73.5% with 50 patient, for posterior uveitis causing significant differences (P<0.05) followed by anterior uveitis with rate 13.2%.As for the results of cytokines there was a high level of IFN - ? in positive control group 793.7 ± 3461.6 pg/ml followed by OT group 550.6 ± 210.6 pg/ml, the uveitis group that in infected with ocular toxoplasmosis and negative control recorded 524.1 ± 173.6 and 506.6 ± 104.6 pg/ml levels respectively, this rise in the level of IFN - ? cause a significant differences at (P<0.05) for OT, uveitis (non infected) and positive control groups. TNF - ? recorded arise of its level in positive control group 34.89 ± 12.29 pg/ml followed by OT group 32.24 ± 9.91 pg/ml then positive uveitis group 23.61 ± 12.91 pg/ml after them negative control 14.62 ± 5.43 pg/ml finally negative uveitis group with 7.76 ± 4.04 pg/ml.High level of 1L - 12 was gotin positive control group in a concentration 827.00 ± 224.25 pg/ml followed by OT group with 811.28 ± 179.40 pg/ml. An increase in 1L - 17A was recorded in positive control group with mean 327.65 ± 77.89 pg/ml while converged concentration in OT group 263.73 ± 47.48 and positive uveitis group 252.57 ± 61.55 pg/ml. The lowest level was in negative control group 421.6 ± 168.14 pg/ml. MCP - 1 showed a rise in its level in positive control group 274.09 ± 92.05 pg/ml and reduce in OT patients 217.68 ± 98.70 pg/ml, while the two groups negative and positive uveitis recorded levels 155.71 ± 99.51 and 132.60 ± 99.02 pg/ml respectively. The lowest level was register in negative control 97.56 ± 79.17 pg/ml.

دور بكتريا الزوائف. Pseudomonas spp في التحلل البايلوجي للمركبات الهيدروكاربونية والمقاومة الاحيائية The Role of The Pseudomonas Spp In The Biodegradation of The Hydrocarbon Compounds And Biological Resistance

اسم المؤلف: عقيل شنان عمران الميالي
اسم المشرف: علي عبد رحيم الناشي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: شملت الدراسة جمع 60 عينة من مصادر بيئية مختلفة ضمت ترب ملوثة وغير ملوثة بالمركبات الهايدروكاربونية ومياه بزل في محافظة الديوانية ومن مصادر سريرية لمرضى اخماج المسالك البولية في مستشفى الديوانية التعليمي, للمدة من 28 كانون الثاني2013 حتى 1 شباط 2014. هدفت | This study included collection of 60 samples from different environmental sources involved contaminated and non contaminated soils by hydrocarbon compounds and from drainage waters in Diwaniyah province and clinical sources in Diwaniyah teaching hospital, for the period from 28 January 2013 to 1 February 2014. This study aimed to isolation and identification the species of Pseudomonas and metabolic efficiency test in the analysis of petroleum hydrocarbon compounds and measure the effectiveness of antagonism in resistant pathogenic fungi to tomato plant. Thirty four isolates were identified, the Pseudomonas spp. was the highest frequency with 22 isolates. These isolates distributed to 16 isolates of pseudomonas aeruginosa and 6 isolates of pseudomonas fluorescens. Also this study included isolation of two pathogenic fungi which were Alternaria alternate and Fusarium solani in tomato plant. Statistical analysis revealed significant differences at (p<0.05) between the bacterial isolates in their analysis of hydrocarbon compounds, when the optical density measurement as an indicator of the effectiveness of growth on hydrocarbon sources. All isolates showed different optical densities were highest isolation of pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urinary tract infections as optical density amounting to 0.23nm. Also showed an increase in electrical conductivity values for all isolates within the incubation period, the highest value to the hospital (1) isolate with 12.8 mc/cm in the third week of the incubation, But decreased in the sixth week to 8.7 mc/cm and all isolates showed a good effectiveness of electrical conductivity in the third week and noted significant differences (p<0.05) in electrical conductivity values for isolates compared with control of 7.2 mc/cm. The results of the DNA electrophoresis of the all isolates contain the two genes (C23O and rhIB) which they code for the production of hydrocarbon - degrading enzymes. In Bio - antagonism experiments noted that all isolates were inhibitory to the growth of two pathogenic fungi and stimulating the growth of tomato plants in glass and field experiments through increase germination, vegetative ratio and root length and increased weights with significant difference at (p<0.05)with seed treatment with fungus only. The best isolates increased in germination were pseudomonas aeruginosa hospital isolate and pseudomonas fluorescens generating isolate which had stimulated germination rate to 76% with significant difference when compared with the control of Alternaria alternata and Fusarium solani which germination rate was 36 and 40 respectively. Pseudomonas aeruginosa which isolated from soil was more efficient in increasing the length of the stem, the stem height was 7.53 cm compared with the control treatment with F. solani, the stem height was 5.7 cm. Pseudomonas aeruginosa hospital which led to an increase in the length of the total root to 3.66 cm compared with the control treatment with F.solani at 1.53 cm. The increase in fresh and dry weights of Total vegetative reached 0.64 gm and 0.065 gm respectively when the treatment of seed contaminated with F.solani fungus and pseudomonas aeruginosa hospital isolate compared to the control which the weights were 0.11 g and 0.011 gm respectively. The highest increase in fresh and dry weights of total root of 0.057 gm and 0.0072 gm respectively when treated seeds contaminated with the F. solani with P. fluorescens hydrocarbon contaminated soil isolate compared with control that the fresh and dry weights was 0.032 g and 0.0017 g respectively. The highest value of stem length registered when treating seed with A. alternata which was 7.5 cm when treating seed contaminated with A. alternata by P. fluorescens isolated from soil contaminated with hydrocarbon compounds. The lowest value of stem length was 7.3 cm for the treatment of seeds contaminated with the A. alternata by P. aerugionsa isolated from the drainage water compared with control treatment (seeds contaminated with A. alternata) which stem length was 6.33cm. As for the fresh and dry weight for total vegetation was the highest value of 0.8 gm and 0.793 gm respectively when the treatment of seeds contaminated with the A. alternata P. aerugionsa isolated from urinary tract infections and the lowest value of fresh weight was 0.61gm for total vegetation when treated seeds contaminated with the A. alternata by P. aerugionsa isolated from soil non contaminated with hydrocarbon compounds and 0.069 gm when treated seeds contaminated with the A. alternata by P. aerugionsa which Isolated from drainage water compared with control treatment which were 0.15 gm and 0.0014 gm of fresh and dry weight for total vegetation, respectively. As for fresh and dry weight of total root were the highest value 0.071 gm and 0.008 gm respectively, when the treatment of seeds contaminated with the A. alternata by P. fluorescens isolated from soil contaminated with hydrocarbon compounds. while the lowest value were 0.058 gm and 0.0065 gm when treated seeds contaminated with the A. alternata by P. aerugionsa isolated from soil non contaminated with hydrocarbon compounds compared to control treatment (seeds contaminated with the A. alternata only)which the fresh and dry weight values for total root were 0.046 gm and 0.0018 gm respectively. When antagonism study in the glass field, the highest percentage of inhibition of the growth of the F. solani on PDA and cetramide agar were 42% and 61% respectively, when treated with P. fluorescens generator isolate. While the bacterial antagonism with A. alternata on PDA media, the highest percentage of inhibition 51% when treated with the transaction P. fluorescens generator isolate on PDA media. Generally, the treatment of pathogenic fungi with biological control bacteria had reduced the percentage of infection and increase the percentage of germination.

الكشف عن السمية الوراثية لمستخلص نبات الصبار Aloe vera باستعمال المؤشرات الجزيئية والخلوية Genotoxic Effect of Aloe Vera Extract Using Molecular And Cytogenetic Markers

اسم المؤلف: غيث منذر فاضل
اسم المشرف: نضال نعمة حسين
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - الوراثة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: نبات الصبار Aloe vera L. من النباتات المهمة والتي تستعمل حاليا بشكل واسع في مجال صناعة الادوية ويضاف هلام الصبار الى اغلب مستحضرات التجميل مع بعض المواد الغذائية في جميع انحاء العالم, لذا تم دراسة التاثيرات السمية الخلوية والوراثية لتراكيز مختلفة من المس | Aloe vera L. is one of the important plants in the world.It is currently and widely used in pharmaceutical industry, and its gel in some time added to some foods all over the world. Therefore, the present study was conducted to evaluate the cytotoxic and genetic effects of crude, alcohol and aqueous extracts of Aloe vera gel toward the onion(Allium cepa L.) roots (as a biological system) exposure at different periods. Onions roots were treated with different concentrations of the extracts : 2% , 5%, 10%, 20% and 40% (v/v)of the crud extract , 5%, 10%, 20% 30% and 50% (v/w) of alcohol extract and the concentration 25%, 50%, 100%, 150% and 200%(v/w) of aqueous extract of Aloe vera gel exposed for different period (24, 48 and 72) hour. The investigation were focused on the effect of these extracts on onions roots length rate and some cellular properties (mitotic index, phase index, the percentage and type of chromosome aberrations, as well as a genetic study using Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) of onions roots treated with different concentration of this extracts. Results showed that all Aloe vera gel extracts had inhibit activity toward onion roots length rate. The inhibition associated positively with the increasing concentration. The effective concentration (EC50%) were 10% of the crude extract, 20% of the alcoholic extract and 100% of aqueous extract, indicating the effectiveness of the crude extract followed by alcoholic extract and then the aqueous extract. Cytological study showed that all Aloe vera gel extract revealed a significant decrease in mitotic index (MI%) of the onion roots cells compared with the control group, and the effect was positively associated with the increasing concentrations of the extract. However, the effect was independent on the exposure period. The concentrations 10%, 20% and 150% of the crude, alcohol and aqueous extract respectively indicated a reduction of the mitotic index to almost 50% of the control treatment. Therefore, this concentrations considered as sub - lethal concentrations for this extracts respectively while the higher concentrations than 30%, 50% and 200% of the crude, alcohol and aqueous extract which reduced the mitotic index to almost 22% of the control treatment were considered as lethal concentrations. The results also showed a significant decreases in prophase and an increase in metaphase in onion roots cells treated with extracts comparison with control treatment. Many of chromosomal abnormalities were appeared due to the treatments of the onion roots with different concentration of the extracts, the percent abnormalities was increased with the increasing concentration of the extract and exposure period. The most frequent of chromosome abnormalities were chromosomal stickiness, disturbed chromosome, chromosomal bridges, C - mitosis, vagrant chromosomes in addition to the other chromosomal abnormalities star telophase. The toxicity effect of Aloe vera gel were studded on molecular level by using random amplification polymorphism of DNA(RAPD). Ten random primers were used, seven of them gave polymorphic bands in all the studied samples and their molecular weights were ranging from 100 to 1600 base pair. The results of Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) showed significant difference in the number of DNA band and their molecular weight of the onion roots treated with Aloe vera extracts compare to control treatment. The high concentrations(higher than EC50%) of extracts were showed to be more effective on the DNA through the appearance or disappearance of larger number of DNA band in comparison with control. The genetic template stability (% GTS) was significantly decreased in DNA of onions root treated with high concentrations (higher than EC50%) of Aloe vera extracts, therefore the high concentrations of Aloe Vera extracts were considered to be genetically toxic. The genetic dendrogram was obtained using Jaccard factor of genetic divergence and the result showed segregation of the samples treated with heights concentrations (%40 200% and 50%) of crude, alcohol and aqueous extract from other samples and control treatment. Therefore, the RAPD method can be considered as an efficient method in detecting for assessment of genotoxicity of crude, alcohol and aqueous extract of Aloe vera gel.

تقييم فعالية قاعدتين من قواعد شف الجديدة في بعض انسجة ذكور الفئران المختبرية البيض المصابة وغير المصابة بطفيلي المتحولة الحالة للنسج Entamoeba histolytica Evaluate The Effectiveness of Two Bases of The New Schiff Bases In Some Tissues of Male Laboratory Albino Mice Infected And Non - Infected With The Parasite Entamoeba Histolytica

اسم المؤلف: عبد الجليل عزيز كريم
اسم المشرف: فاضل عباس منشد العبادي حيدر عباس مهدي الحسيني
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية تحضير وتشخيص قاعدتين من قواعد شف، حضر الليكاند الاول L1 من تفاعــل 2 - هيـدروكسي - 1 - نفـثالديهايد مــع الـسلفاميثوكسازول، وحضر الـثانـي L2 مـن تـفاعــل 4 - استميدوبنزالديهايد مع 4, 3 - داي امينو تلوين. شخص الليكاندان باستخدام ت | The present work includes a preparation and characterization of two schiff bases compound, the first from (L1) reaction of 2 - hydroxy - 1 - naphthaldehyde with sulphamethoxazole, and the second from (L2) reaction of 4 - Acetmidobenzaldehyde with 3, 4 - Diamino toluene. These compounds were characterized by the Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H - NMR), Mass Spectra, and the results were virtually identical to what is expected. It has been determined LD50 for the two ligands - after dissolved dimethyl sulfoxide DMSO - and account for them safe therapeutic dose, reaching 0.14 g / kg and 0.24 g / kg, respectively. In order to see the effectiveness of the two ligands on the parasite compared with the infected group and treatment with a drug metronidazole, these two ligands have been administered orally the therapeutic dose each separately on two groups of mice which infected by the parasite Entamoeba histolytica. Three other groups of mice that non - infected have been also administered separately with the parasite first and second ligands and dimethyl sulfoxide, to see some of the side effects of these three compounds in comparison with the two groups of positive and negative control. At the level of probability (p ? 0.05), the results of statistical analysis show a significant variation, remarkable inhibitory effect of the number of cysts that reached the less impact to the second ligand rate about 2.9. in the seventh day of the injury and treatment. In the fifth day of the injury and treatment, the highest inhibiting effect of metronidazole was at a rate of 0, while in the seventh day of them, the first ligand was a compromise in effect, amounting to at a rate of 1.1. The Histological study of tissue of the cecum, liver and spleen showed a normal state for a negative control, and an occurrence of severe tissue changes in a positive control. In the cecum tissue, the mucosal was thin, and there were crashes in the crypts of Lieberkühn, with infiltration in inflammatory cells, as well as the expansion of the cells lining the crypts, and the disappearance of or crash submucosal layer, as well as severe hemorrhage in muscularis, and thickening in serosa. There was severe congestion of the blood vessel which was observed in liver tissue, as well as thrombus which appeared attached to the wall of the blood vessel, and infiltration of inflammatory cells out of the blood vessel toward the hepatic tissue, especially macrophages and eosinophils. It was also noticed the disappearance of hepatic architecture with degeneration of the liver cells and a clear sinusoids expansion. In addition to vacuolation of liver cells, that the tissue sections showed, with the occurrence of bleeding along the hepatic tissue. The changes in the spleen tissue represented in the occurrence of severe bleeding on the length of the lymphatic tissue of the spleen with infiltration of inflammatory cells, especially macrophages, and the happening of megakaryocytes. There is a remarkable improvement could be noticed in each tissues of cecum, liver and spleen of the infected groups and treatment with metronidazole and the first and second ligands. The improvement ratios were close to some extent : in the treatment group with metronidazole there was observation in tissue cecum to the occurrence of the four layers of its component, and the happening of a little bleeding which, with infiltration of inflammatory cells, and this is roughly similar to what shown by histological sections of two treatments by the first and second ligands. The liver tissue of the group treated with metronidazole showed the occurrence of radially arrangement obviously hepatic cells around the central vein, and liver cells with nuclei appeared clear and centralized with esinophilic cytoplasm, and hepatic cells proliferative as some binucleated hepatocytes, with a simple expansion to sinusoids and the proliferation of kupffer cells, the treatment groups with two ligands marked by the presence of a small clot within the central vein of the liver as well as reported in the treatment group with metronidazole. Tissues sections of the spleen tissue of infected mice treated group by metronidazole showed a clear proliferation of white pulp, which appears containing arterioles clear, white pulp is also surrounded by proliferation red pulp. And showed tissue sections of the group of infected animals and treatment by the first and second ligands as well as the proliferation of lymphocytes, with the presence of megakaryocytes.Showed the three groups non - infected by the first and second ligands and dimethyl sulfoxide, the lack of side effects on each of the cecum tissue, liver and spleen, except for a very simple infiltration of inflammatory cells from macrophages in the cecum of the group treatment by the second ligand

تاثير المدعمات المختلفة في حاصل ومكونات الفطر الغذائي Agaricus bisporus واختبار كفاءته في عدد من المتغيرات الكيموحيوية والفسلجية في اناث الجرذان Effect of Various Supplementation in The Yield And Compositions of An Edible Mushroom Agaricus Bisporus And Evaluation of Its Efficiency in Some Biochemical And Physiological Parameters in Female Rats

اسم المؤلف: جمال جليل احمد البياتي
اسم المشرف: كركز محمد ثلج الجبوري عبد الله عبد الكريم حسن
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة في كل من مزرعة العرهون التابعة لقسم وقاية النبات - كلية الزراعة ومختبرات قسم علوم الحياة - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة في جامعة تكريت خلال المدة 1/9/2013 - 10/6/2014 تضمنت دراستين الاولى تم فيها تقدير تاثير اضافات متنوعة من المدعمات الكاربو | The study was conducted in each of the Al - Mushroom farm in Department of plant protection, College of Agriculture and the laboratories of Biology Department - College of Education for Pure Science at the University of Tikrit for a duration of 1/9/2013 to June 2014. The first studies were included the adding of carbon, nitrogen and other additives at casing period on productivity, quality characteristics and chemical composition of Agaricus bisporus mushroom. The results showed significant increased (p<0.05) in total production and biological efficiency when adding carbon supplement at 1% of starch and became 26.41 kg/m2 and 88.03% respectively, also with nitrogen supplement at 1% from Erbil feed (EF) that’s became at 23.20 kg/m2 and 77.33% respectively, compared with the same value in control group which at 21.68 kg/m2 and 72.26% respectively. Also both treatments were recorded earlier in production at 15 and 16 days after casing compared with 18 days in a control, while the qualitative characterizes has been the treatment of 3% from methionine the highest content of total antioxidants and became at 1975 µg/g dry weight compared to the 1572 µg/g dry weight in the control treatment, and the highest protein content was became at 40.32% in treatment of 1% of LB compared with 22.36% of their content in the control treatment. The treatment of 1% of EF was recorder as higher content from mineral of calcium, magnesium and iron at 390, 2574, 50.74 µg/g dry weight compared to the content in the control group at 290, 1683 and 37.64 µg/g respectively, and the treatment of sodium selenite 5% was recordes a higher content of selenium at 5.00 µg/g compared to the control treatment which at 4.00 µg/g dry weight. The treatment of EF also recorded a higher copper content at 108.60 µg/g dry weight compared to the control treatment which at 37.00 µg/g. The other study was apply to assessment the effects of replacing casein at 5, 10 and 15% by the Agaricus bisporus product from the treatments with starch and multi - vitamin and EF on some growth and physiological parameters in female rats feding for 28 days. The results showed that the presence of mushroom in food has caused a significant decline in weight. The present of mushroom powder at 5% in rats feed lead to significant increasing in hemoglobin and total account of RBC resulting in 12.53 and 6.36× 106 cell/mm3, 13.13 and 7.06× 106 cell/mm3, 7.36× 106 cell/mm3 for starch, multivitamins and EF, respectively, compared to 12.25 and 6.8× 106 cell/mm3, respectively. As well as the significant increased in the total counts of white blood cells that were at 5.50, 5.20 and 5.00 x 103 cells/mm3, respectively, with the starch, and at 5.70, 5.40 and 5.20 x 103 cells/mm3, respectively, with multivitamins and at 5.90, 5.50 and 5.40 x 103 cells/mm3, respectively, for the EF group compared with the control group were at 5.15 x 103 cell/mm3. also was significant increased in differential WBCs as lymphocytes with increasing the replacing percentage for treatments above. Also due the replace of casein by mushroom on proportions referred to in the above change in blood biochemicals parameters which significant decreased in urea, total cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoproteins and increase the concentration of high density lipoproteins, as well as reduced the activity of enzymes Alanine amino transferase (AST), Aspartic amino transferase (ALT) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) with increasing the percentage of replacing. As for the effect of replacing the same proportions of the mushroom instead of casein on growth and physiological characteristics of female rats with experimental diabetes induced by Alloxan and fed for 17 days. The results showed that the development of diabetes trial led to a reduction in the rate of animal weights and an increase in the relative weight of internal organs such as the heart, liver, spleen, pancreas and kidneys of infected sugar group, and became at 0.46, 4.39, 0.60, 0.46 and 1.19 g/100 g respectively when compared with the control animals, at 4.07, 0.42, 0.39, 0.23 and 1.04 g/100 g, respectively. And decreased of red blood cells that were at 5.93 x 106 cells/mm3, respectively, for the group affected by diabetes, while at 7.36 x 106 cells/mm3 respectively the healthy control group. And decreased WBCs in the infected animals with diabetes trial and became at 4.83 x 106 cells/mm3 compared with the healthy control group which at 7.03 x 103 cells/mm3. Also there was caused in significant increased in glucose concentration, which was on the first, 7th, 14th, and 17th days at 428, 405, 431.60 and 432.20 mg/100 ml respectively, in comparison with a control without diabetis that was at 123.33, 124.66, 126.33 and 125.33 mg/100 ml, respectively. Further to increased concentrations of urea, cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoproteins and a decrease in the values of high density lipoproteins also, increased the values of enzymes activity of each Alanine amino transferase(ALT), Aspartic amino transferase (AST) and Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) compared with the non - diabetic infected control group. That feeding female rats of experimental diabetes on the replacement rates of the mushroom instead of casein in their diet has led to the significant decline of the weight and relative weight of internal organs such as the heart, liver, spleen, pancreas and kidneys compared with animals infected with the induced diabetes with increasing rates of substitution. The results also showed that increased in total counts of red and white blood cells that was at 6.40 x 106 cell/mm3 and 5.00 x 103 cell/mm3 respectively when replacing 5% casein from mushroom compared to the infected control group were at 5.93 x 106 cell/mm3 and 4.83 x 103 cell/mm3 respectively. The substitution of casein with 5, 10 and 15% from mushroom was caused to significantly lower of glucose values to became 273.40, 251.60 and 302 mg/100 ml compared with control group infected which at 432.20 mg/100 ml. Also, because of the found of mushroom in the food was caused a changed in the biochemical blood, which significantly reduced the concentration of urea, total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and increase the concentration of HDL. As well as significantly reduced the enzymes (AST), (ALT) and (ALP) activity with the replacement rate increase compared with values in the animals infected with diabetes induced by Alloxan. The results concluded that the possibilty of use starch and EF at 1% for the commercial mushroom production. Mushroom also can be used as a food for lowering blood glucose, cholesterol, triglyseride, LDL and liver enzymes with increase in HDL for the people suffered from diabetes, obesity and heart diseases.

دراسة التغايرات النسجية والمناعية لمرضى اللشمانيا الجلدية في محافظة ديالى Study The Histological And Immunological Variation of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Patients In Diyala Province

اسم المؤلف: منى حميد احمد العزاوي
اسم المشرف: اسراء قاسم العبيدي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية على المرضى المصابين بداء اللشمانيا الجلدية والمراجعين لبعض المستشفيات والمراكز الصحية في محافظة ديالى للمدة من تشرين الاول 2013 ولغاية نيسان 2014. اذ بلغ عدد المصابين باللشمانيا الجلدية 115 مصابا وبمختلف المراحل العمرية يضاف لهم 25شخ | The present study was conducted on patients that infected with cutaneous leishmaniasis reviewing to some hospitals and health centers in Diyala province for the period from October 2013 to April 2014.The number of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis was 115 in different ages in addition to them 25 person as a control group (uninfected). The proportion of infected women with cutaneous leishmaniasis ulcers was higher 56.522% than males 43.47%, the age group ten years and less was more group that being infected with rate 47.83% while the age group that rang from 71 to 80 was the less categories being infected in percentage 0.87% with a significant differences in the level of improbability less than 0.05. The presence of multiple ulcers was high 71.304% than single ulcers 28.696%. The presence of ulcers that length 1 cm and less (64%) more than other with more than 1 cm (36%) with statistically significant. The cutaneous ulcers were distributed on different areas of the body, the injuries on face was more 36.242% with anumber of 54 cases followed by upper limbs in rate 33.557% with anumber of 36 cases, the sore shoulder came latter with apercentage 1.342% in a significant differences at the level of improbability less than 0.05. The percentage incidence of cutaneous leishmaniasis was rise in kids and students in rats 33.043%, 39.130% respectively in a comparison with earners, housewives and of officers their percentages were 24.349% and 3.478% consecutively in statistically differences at 0.05 probability. The diagnosis of cutaneous leishmaniasis infections was done depending on clinical diagnosis based on the characteristics of the morphological and pathological ulcers, culture methods, impression smears and histopathological diagnosis. Clinical diagnosis for the cutaneous ulcer was recorded 100% percentage in comparison with culture method 10.435% versus 74.782%. percentage to positive smears, while the result of positive histopathological diagnosis was 88.571% on vision of promastigote of Leishmania parasite on semisolid medium while a adoption of existence amastigote from as appositive result of smears and histopathological method of the tissue biopsies taken from ulcer. The histopathological method was high efficiency supported clinical diagnosis when compared to other methods this rise in the diagnosis ratio has been demonstrated in significant differences in statistical probability less than 0.05.A study of amain impacts of histopathological changes in cutaneous ulcers on the infected skin layers at the level of light microscopy was also conducted. These pathological effects were in epidermis of skin including hyperkeratosis, pseudoepitheliomatous epidermal changes, ulcers and emergence of a dark colour, thickening in this layer accompanied suppurations and desquamation of chronic cases. As for the dermis layer, the inflammatory cells were infiltrate include plasma cells, macrophages, lymphocytes and eoisophils, disturbance in the order of layers especially in acute ulcers was taken, while the pathological effects were more in chronic ulcers as observed granulomatous inflammation and necrosis. The amastigote from were presence inside and outside the phagocytic cells.Aswell as some immunological changes that associated with the infection were studied in patients therapists by Pentostame (Sodium Stubogluconate) medication and uninfected control group by measuring the levelsof some cytokines IFN - ?, TNF - ?, IL - 12, IL - 17A and the chemokine MCP - 1. The level of IFN - ? was elevated in serum of cutaneous leishmaniasis patients and reached to 54.118±1.740 pg/ml, then the level was decreased during therapy and recorded 34.421±0.984 pg/ml after 1 - 3 dose a then dropped more after 4doses and more 22.489±0.795 pg/ml compared to uninfected control group 5.092±0.805 pg/ml. As well as the case of TNF - ? which rose their concentration in serum of CL patients and reached to 98.145±2.925 pg/ml, then decrease after treatment 71.507±2.901 pg /ml, 48.381±2.379 pg/ml after 1 - 3dose and more of treatment respectively, while the mean of TNF - ? in control group was 13.173±1.388 pg/ml.An increase in the level of IL - 12 was observed in the group of CL patients 845.598±16.273 pg/ml then the level was dropped during treatment and recorded 619.164±20.209 pg/ml, 495.578±27.038 pg/ml respectively but in control the concentration was 160.222±11.761 pg/ml. IL - 17A level was elevated in CL patients 227.268±5.027 pg/ml and decreased during therapy reach to 170.512±5.481, 126.443 ± 5.565 pg/ml after 1 - 3 doses and four doses and more respectively. The concentration of MCP - 1 chemokine was increased in CL patients 111.0397± 6.985 pg/ml then dropped during treatment 71.084± 2.636 pg/ml after 1 - 3 doses then dropped more 49.543± 2.167 pg /ml after four doses and more while they were in control 12.268 ± 1.609 pg/ml. The results of statistical analysis showed significant differences between these cytokines and their groups at the level of probability less than 0.05.

دراسة جزيئية ومناعية لطفيلي اللشمانيا الجلدية Cutaneous Leishmania في المحافظات الوسطى والجنوبية Molecular And Immunological Study of Cutaneous Leishmania In The Middle And Southern Provinces

اسم المؤلف: ازهار موسى جعفر الموسوي
اسم المشرف: علي حسين الكبيسي مهدي حسين العمار
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الحياة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: كربلاء
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The study includes distribution of the Cutaneous Leishmania in some governorates in Iraq. Specimens are included cases of outpatients in hospitals like : Al - Karamah, Al - Sadir Teaching Hospital in Baghdad, Al - Hilla Teaching Hospital, Al - Hussein Teaching Hospital and Ein Altamer General Hospitals in Kerbala, Al - Sadir Teaching Hospital in Al - Najaf, Al - Karamah and Al - Zahraa Teaching Hospitals in Wasit, Al - Diwanyia General Hospital. Al - Hussein General Hospital in Al - Nasiriya, Al - Smawa General Hospital, Al - Sadir Teaching Hospital and Al - Qurna General Hospital in Al - Basrah during October 1122 to march 1121 Cutaneous Leishmania is consider a major problem that faces the patients because it causes deformities in the infection region. The study includes 330 cases of skin ulcer in which 225 of them were microscopically positive. Parasitic growth was done using two types of cultural media NNN and RPMI - 1640.The results have shown a considerable difference between male and female in which male was significantly exceeding 131) %22.11 (and female was 94) %72.44 (and 139) %72.44 (of outpatients from rural areas increased in numbers from outpatients of urban areas, and only) %12.11(from urban areas.The number of ulcerations in body has exceeded infection, that means more than one ulceration in male 83 (85%) and for female 41 (62%), and concerning infection in three or four ulceration, it is approximately equal and normally distributed on face areas 99 and a percentage of (44%) then lower arms are 92 and a percentage of (40.80%) and the upper parts are 33 and a percentage of (14.66%). Also, one infection was recorded on The study shows that 46 patients in a percentage of (%20.44) having a dry infection; whereas 179 patients (%79.55) having the wet type.For accurate diagnosis of Leishmaniaa species distributed in Iraq, PCR Was used technique and diagnosed two types of Leishmania parasite that causes the illness. A band in a length of 560 bp in 186 samples related to Leishmania major and the band sample was 750 bp related to 39 Leishmania tropica.Through studying the samples in Kerbala City, the number infected samples were 125 for the years of 2010 - 2011 the actuality is (73) infection and (52) infection from 2011 - 2012 in a ratio of (58.4 % and % 72.7 accordingly) in different inhibited areas in the governorate in which (51)) %71.2 (was in Ein Al - Tamir Suburb, and 29 cases of) %11.1 (in Al - Husseinya Suburb, as well as 17 cases of (13.6%) in Al - Hur Suburb, 16 cases) %21.2 (in the south quarters and 7 cases of (5.6%) in the north quarters and only 5 cases of (4%) in the city center.The molecular diagnosis in Polymerase Chain Reaction for Kerbala governorate samples have shown 31) %17.2 (of L.tropica, 22) %24.7(of them were male and 9 of) %4.1 (of them were female. L. major was 94 of) %42.1 (in which 55 of) %77 (were in male and 39 of) %12.1 (were in female.The immunological study for the patients serums with L. major by ELISA technique has significantly shown raised values of IgG and IgM during infection in comparison with the control group, then it declines slowly after treatment in which IgG was in ratio (1811.1 ± 523.1 mg/dl), and IgM was in ratio (166.7 ±23.6 mg/dl). Also, in L. tropica - IgG was in ratio (1722.1 ± 524.0mg/dl) and IgM was in ratio (25.3±182.9mg/dl) in comparison with control specimens, and then the ratios have declined after treatment dosages with Pentostam drug.The cellular dynamics values have shown an abstract increase in which interferon - gamma (IFN - ?) in infected patients with cutaneous L. major were (221.1±2.2mg/dl) which declined after treatment abstractly to (7.12±1.1mg/dl) as well as for L tropica (22.1±7.2mg/dl) which shows no significant abstract difference after treatment with control.An increase appears in cytokine IL - 10 that reached in L.major (122.1±8.2mg/dl) and after treatment was (8.11±2.2mg/dl) and in L. tropica was (222.1±2.2mg/dl) with no significant abstract difference after treatment with control specimen.As a simple attempt to find a vaccine for Leishmania disease a Lipophosphoglycan was isolated and purified as known factor for promastigot stage. The vaccine injected for two groups of Bulb mice in a concentration of purified vaccine (L.majorand Ltropica) to study the immunological response by detecting the Lymphocyte Transformation assay, the Delayed Type Hypersensitivity test and the PhagocytosisIndex.In lymphocyte transformation the ratio of L. tropica was % 7.2 and for L. major was % 21.7 and there is significant difference by P? 0.05 in comparison with control specimen in which its ratio was %7.4, and for Delayed Hypersensitivity test study the average foot thickness injected with vaccine and the other foot which injected with phenol - saline solution - only (1.11 ± 2.12ml) for the first group and (1.21 ± 2.72) for the second group, and for the control group it has registered (1.77± 1.15 ml) with a considerable difference of P? 0.05. By calculating the ratio of Phagocytosis Index cells, it was 17% and 27.6% for the first and second groups while for the control group it has been reaching 9.10%. Therefore, we can get advantage from these values as indicators for the rule of vaccine in the immunological response and triggering of vaccine idea for this disease.

دراسة تاثير بعض الاضافات على الاستجابة المناعية ووزن الجسم والتغيرات النسجية لفروج اللحم الملقح بلقاح مرض النيوكاسل A Study The Effect of Some Additives On Immune Response And Body Weight And Histological Changes For Broiler Chicks Vaccinated With Newcastle Disease Vaccine

اسم المؤلف: هبة تركي عطية الرماحي
اسم المشرف: نافع صبيح جاسم
الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الامراض - الدواجن
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت? هذه الدراسة لمعرفة تاثير بعض الاضافات في الاستجابة المناعية والوزن والتغيرات النسجية في الامعاء الدقيقة. حيث تم تقسيم (350) طيرا من فروج اللحم بعمر يوم واحد من نوع Ross 308) ) غير مجنسة , وزعت عشوائيا الى (7) معاملات تغذوية متساوية وهذه المعامل | This study was conducted to investigate the effects of feed additives on immune response , weight and histological changes in small intestine. A total of (350) broiler chicks one - day old (Ross 380) - unsexed were randomly divided in to (7) equal dietary treatment groups , as fallows : Treatment (T1) : Basal diet without any addition ( control group).Treatment (T2) : Basal diet + Garlic 4cc/10 LTreatment (T3) : Basal diet + Saccharomyces cervisiae 2.5gm/10 L.Treatment (T4) : Basal diet +Stpire 2.5cc/10 L.Treatment (T5) : Basal diet +B. glucan 8gm/10 kgTreatment (T6) : Basal diet + Levamisole 1gm/kg.Treatment (T7) : Basal diet + Neomycin 0.5 gm/L.These additions were presented on the first day of the arrival for 5 days, and on the day of first vaccination for 5 days and at the end of experiment for 5 days also. This chicks vaccinated with NDV on the day one of age by injection in the neck and re - vaccinated at day 10 of age with LaSota, Body weight were weekly determined. ,blood samples were collected from wing vein for ELISA test in ( 4,18,27 ) days old respectively. The results as following : - 1 - Treatment of levamisole (T6) were significantly increased ( p<0.05) in (T2, T5) in level of Abs production against ND virus.2 - Chicks feed diet with saccharomyces cerevisiae showed significantly increased ( p<0.05) in body weight among all experimental group , and improvement in weight in (T6,T7) with other group.3 - Chicks feed diet with (T7) showed improvement in villus hight and in the ( T3, T4).

دراسة التاثير العلاجي لحليب الافراس المخمر للتقليل من تاثير الاجهاد التاكسدي المستحدث بواسطة خلات الرصاص في الجرذان البيض Study The Therapeutic Effect of Fermented Mare? S Milk To Reduce The Effect of Oxidative Stress Induced By Lead Acetate In White Albino Rats

اسم المؤلف: شيماء عباس صبيح
اسم المشرف: كريم ناصر طاهر
الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الصحة العامة
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية في البيت الحيواني التابع لكلية الطب البيطري / جامعة القادسية بهدف تقييم الدور العلاجي لحليب الافراس المخمر في التقليل من تاثير الاجهاد التاكسدي المستحدث بواسطة خلات الرصاص. استخدم في هذه الدراسة ( 40 ) ذكر من الجرذان البيضاء نوع ( w | The present study was conducted at the animal house of veterinary medicine college of AL - Qadisiyah University during the period from 27 - 2 - 2014 to 30 - 3 - 2014. to evaluate the productive role of fermented mare's milk in to reduce the oxidative stress that induced by lead acetate , 40 male albino rats weighing between 200 - 210 gm were used in this study. the animals were obtained from the animal house of veterinary medicine College / Baghdad University. The animals were randomly distributed into four equal groups , ( 10 rats per each group / cage) as follow : - Control group : The rats were given only basal diet and deionized drinking water - - First treatment group ( T1) : The rats were given basal diet and deionized drinking water that contain 1000 ppm lead acetate for 30 days. - Second treatment group ( T2 ) : The rats were administrated basal diet and deionized drinking water that contained 1000 ppm of lead acetate and received orally ( by gavag ) fermented mare's milk at a dose ( 10ml / kg b.w / day ) for 30 days. - Third treatment group (T3) : The rats were given basal diet and deionized drinking water that contained 1000 ppm of lead acetate and received orally ( by gavag ) EDTA at a dose ( 50 mg/ kg b.w / day ) for 30 days. At the end of the experiment all the animals were fasted for ( 12 hours ) and then killed animals from each treatment group blood samples were collected from the heart to measures some blood parameters such RBC , Hb and PCV and biochemical parameters such as liver function parameters ( total protein and activity of some enzymes such as ALT , AST , ALP and LDH ) , kidney function parameters such as Urea and Creatinine concentration and oxidative stress parameters such as GSH , SOD , MDA ). In addition to that study the histopathological changes of liver and kidney tissues were studied The results of the present study can be summarized as follow : - 1 - Blood parameters : The results of the statistical analysis showed that there was a significant ( p < 0.05 ) decrease in the mean values of RBC , Hb , and PCV in a group treated with lead acetate only ( T1 ) as compared to other experimental groups. while groups treated with EDTA and fermented mares milk showed a significant ( p < 0.05 ) improvement in blood parameters. 2 - Biochemical parameters : A - Liver function parameters : The result revealed that there was a significant ( p < 0.05 )effect of lead acetate on level of total protein where caused a decrease in total protein concentration and increase the in activity of ALT , AST , ALP , and LDH as compared to other experimental groups. Yet treatment with fermented mare's milk ( T2 ) resulted in an increase in the total protein concentration and a decrease in the activity ALT , AST , ALP AND LDH. Also treatment with EDTA ( T3 ) caused a similar results to ( T2 ). B - Kidney function parameters : The results obtained in this study demonstrated that a significant ( p < 0.05 ) increase in the level of urea and creatinine in a group of animals treated with lead acetate only ( T1) , while using fermented mare's milk ( T2 ) and also EDTA contributed reduction in the level of urea and creatinine 3 - Oxidative stress parameters : The results of the present study showed that there was a significant ( p < 0.05) decrease in the concentration of GSH and SOD a significant ( p < 0.05 ) increase in MDA concentration in animals that administrated lead acetate only ( T1) while administration fermented mare's milk and EDTA resulted in significant ( p < 0.05 ) increase in the concentration of GSH and SOD while a significant ( p < 0.05 ) reduction in MDA concentration. The values becomes close to the concentration of the control group. 4 - Histopathological changes : The results of Histopathological examination for tissues of liver and kidney of rats given lead acetate alone ( T1 ) showed that there was a clear Histopathological changes presented in degeneration of hepatocytes and congestion in central vein which associated with hemorrhage in liver and kidney tissues of animals administrated fermented mare's milk showed normal and free from congestion.

عزل وتشخيص جزيئي لمورثات مجاميع الانماط المصلية لجرثومة اللستيريا المستوحدة Listeria monocytogenes من الانسان والحيوانات في محافظة القادسية Isolation And Molecular Detection of Serotype Genes Group of Listeria Monocytogenes From Human And Animals In Al - Qadissyia Province

اسم المؤلف: حسين عمران كريم العابدي
اسم المشرف: هدى عبد الهادي علي النصراوي
الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الامراض المشتركة
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية خلال الفترة من تشرين الثاني 2014 الى نيسان 2015، جمعت العينات المرضية من النساء التي تعاني من حالات الاجهاض وولادة مبكرة والاطفال المصابين بالتهاب السحايا من مستشفى الولادة والاطفال التعليمي وقد جمعت العينات تحت اشراف طبي متخصص وكان | This study was carried out during the period from November 2014 to April 2015, whereas samples were collected from women that suffered of abortion and infected children in the maternal and children hospital in Al - Qadissiya province , so the samples were collected under supervising of a specialist medicine , the number of taken samples of the women is 65 samples , while the number of taken samples of children is 32 samples , so the samples that belong to animals have included a gall bladder samples were collected from Al - Diwaniya slaughterhouse were 100 samples of sheep and 100 samples of cows. in addition to collect 200 samples of milk as 100 samples for each sheep and cows from different rural zones in al - Qadissiya province. L.monocytogenes was isolated by using oxford listeria selective agar for listeria , so the special stimulator for growth of the bacteria was added to it in order to determine the type of bacteria , also it diagnosed an isolates for L.monocytogenes by using the microscopically examination and biochemical tests , furthermore the germ isolates was planted on blood agar for diagnosing the blood analysis type : ? - heamolysis as affirmative checking for the isolates. also PCR technique used for affirming the diagnosing of L. monocytogenes by using the initiator for the blood analysis gene (hly) , whereas all the L. monocytogenes isolates' gave a positive result in inspection , so this technique is used too in the detection about the serous types for L.monocytogenes isolates by the molecular diagnosing for the fierce genes of the germ and these are (D1,D2,Glt,FlaA and MAMA gene ). The results of the research showed that isolating and diagnosing percentage of the Listeria monocytogenes is about 9.27%, whereas the isolation percentage in women infected in abortion is 4.61%, while the percentage of listeria germ isolation was higher in the children that infected in meningitis whereas it was 18.75% of the total amount of the samples.As for the percentage of the isolating in sheep it was 4% and 7% for milk and gall bladder respectively. In the cows the isolation percentage of the germ from milk and gall bladder was 2% and 3% respectively. So the the results of isolating for listeria germ during the study period in human and animals were disparate , whereas the highest percentage of isolation for the germ in human were scored in January and February months of the year whereas it scored 20% and 16% respectively.As for sheep the percentage of isolation was higher in December and January months whereas it is 6.25% and 10% respectively , while in the cows the percentage was higher in January and February months where it is 4.2% and 7.4% respectively. Regarding The results of detection about the genes of the serous types for the isolates of L.monocytogenes by using PCR technique 14 isolates of the samples showed a positive result when they react with the initiator for gene (D1)in percentage about 56%, so this isolates showed a positive result when they react with the initiator for gene (Glt) as amount of 5 isolates and they classified to be belong to the serous types (1/2B or 3B), while 9 isolates gave a negative result in the inspection , whereas these isolates were tested with the initiator for gene (MAMA), 5 isolates showed a positive result in this reaction with this gene and they classified to be belong to the serous types (4c or 4a), while 4 isolates gave a negative result as they classified to be belong to the serous types (4b or 4d or 4c).As for the isolates' that gave a negative result with the initiator of gene (D1)there are 11 isolates all these isolates gave a positive result when they inspected with the initiator of gene (D2) in a percentage about 44%, so when these isolates inspected with the initiator for gene (FLaA) then 6 isolates of them gave a positive result in the inspection and classified as they belong to (1/2a or 3a), while 5 isolates of them gave a negative result in the inspection and classified as they belong to (1/2c or 3c). As for the serous types that have not diagnosed in the germ isolates of the human there are(1/2a or 3c), while in the germ isolates of the sheep the serous types (4a or 4c) have not been diagnosed , then the serous types (1/2b or 3b) have not been scored in the cows. The present study concluded that the percentage of infection in L.monocytogenes was high in human in al - Qadissiya province , in which that refer to the risks of the diseases and health problems spread that could be caused by L.monocytogenes , also the results included isolating the germ from milk and gall bladder samples for sheep and cows that could be a source to carry the infection to the human by contaminating the meat, milk and its derivatives'. whereas the isolation percentage of the germ was higher in the cold months of the year in human and animals, so the highest isolation percentage of the serous types for the L.monocytogenes in human and cows were (4a , 4c) , while in sheep the serous types were (1/3c,3c).

دراسة شكلية ونسجية وكيمياء نسجية للمعدة في الجاموس المحلي البالغ Bubalus bubalis Histomorphological And Histochemical Study of Stomach of The Adult Local Buffalo Bubalus Bubali

اسم المؤلف: سوسن غفوري احمد
اسم المشرف: فوزي صدام محسن الاسدي
الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التشريح والانسجة والاجنة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة على عشرين معدة للجاموس المحلي الخالية من الامراض والتي جمعتمن مجزرة العـــشار في البصرة. تضمنت الدراسة الشكلية قياسات متعددة للاجزاء الاربعة من المعدة كالطول والارتفاع علاوة على حساب معدل عدد الحليمات الموجودة في الكرش في السنتمتر ال | 20 Stomach of healthy stomach of local buffalo were used in present study which collected from Al. Ashar Massacre in the city of Basrah.morphological study included several measurements for all parts of Stomach like length and width in addition to calculate the average of number of papillae that present in rumen per each Square centimeter and the average of length of these papillae as well as find the diameters of openings between chambers of Stomach. While the histological part was comprise investigate the histological structure of the wall of chambers of Stomach. Histological Section were prepared from these chambers stained with hematoxylin and eosin Stain to Study the general characters of tissue, while other sections were Stain with special Stains to detect the histochemical properties of these tissues. The morphological study showed that the stomach of buffalo formed from four chambers these are rumen, reticulum , omasum and abomasum differs in their length and width. The inner lining of rumen was contained on many papillae the average of length was 800 micrometers while their average of number was 118 papilla /cm2. while the inner lining of reticulam was included several number of lamellae which arranged in form like honeycomb. Omasal lining showed crescent lamella differs in their number and length while the wall of abomasums is divided in to two regions real gastro glands origin region and the color red and has a helical folds the seconed region is the pyloric glands region, a light colored region and the container on the irregular folds. In Histological part the present study revealed that the wall of all the chamber in buffalos, stomach were histologically composed from four layers; these are tunica Mucosa , Submucosa , Muscularis and Serosa.The tunica Mucosa of rumen was characterized by of papillae that differs in their number and length according to its region in rumen while the glands were abscent in lamina properia as well as abscent of muscularis mucosa, while the wall of abomasums appeared divided histologically into 3 regions ; cardiac , Fundic and pyloric region About the histochemical part , this study demonstrated that the collagen fibers were prevalent more density in Submucosal tunica than other histological tunicas in wall of rumen ,in contrast the elastic fibers were highly constricted in muscular tunica of the rumen and mucosal larger of reticulum in comparion with other tunicas and Submucosa of the Ommasum ,the elastic fibers showed prevalenced in all layers of the cardic region of the abomasums. this study showed prevalence of keratin in the mucosa denser than other layers in the rumen , reticulum and omasum while abscent in abomasum. this study also showed prevalence of glycogen and proteins in all parts of rumen as well as prevalence of fat and alkaline phosphatase activity in the wall of all chambers of stomach.

استخدام حليب الافراس المخمر في علاج قرحة المعدة المستحدثة بالاسبرين في اناث الجرذان البيضاء Usage of Fermented mareP,Ps Milk In Treatment of Aspirin Induced Ulcer In Female Albino Rats

اسم المؤلف: اسراء طاهر مسلم العبيدي
اسم المشرف: كريم ناصر طاهر علي محمد غازي
الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الصحة العامة
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study was carried out at the animal house of veterinary medicine College /AL - Qadisiya university during the period from 27 - 6 - 2014 to 27 - 3 2014 the study aimed to investigate the effect of usage fermented mareP P s milk on the healing of gastric ulcer induced by aspirin. A total of 56 female albino rats weighing between 200 - 250g were used in this study.. The animals were divided randomly in to four equal groups each groups comprising of 14 females per each group.Untreated group or negative control groups (C) : were received standard diet and distilled water only.treated groups : - positive control group (T1), second treated group ( T2) and Third treated group (T3). All animals of these groups were induced ulcer by administrated orally(100mg/kg b.w ) aspirin drug for one week ,Then two animals from each group were sacrificed after 7 days to ensure that ulcer induced,after that the animals of second treatment group(T2) were given orally by gavage fermented mare P Ps milk at dose(10ml/kg b.w) once daily for three weeks consecutive while animals of third treatment group (T3) were treated oraly by gavage rantidine (50mg/kg b.w) once daily for three consecutive weeks, four animals per each group were sacrificed at the end of each week، and the stomach were excised to measures the ulcer parameters (ulcers score, ulcer index,ulcerinhibition percentage and PH of gastric juice value) blood samples were collected from all animals from the heart for blood test parameters (red blood cell count , hemoglobin concentration and packed cell volume).Biochemicals parameters such as alanine trans amines(ALT), aspartate trans amines(AST),alkaline phosphatase (ALP) total protein ,urea and creatinine and oxidative stress parameters such as malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione, (GSH), and prostaglandin (PGER2R).in addition tohistological examination to ensure the exist of ulcer. The results of this study revealed the following : ulcer parameters : the result of this study revealed that administration of aspirin produced formation multi - ulcer in the stomach wall besides causes different changes in the studied parameters al so, the result has been shown a significantly ( P<0.05) increase in the ulcer score and ulcer index in aspirin administration groups (T1)in Comparison with other experimental groups during the three weeks of the experiment on the other hand aspirin administration causes a significant (P<0.05) reduction in pH value of gastric juice , at the same time given fermented mare ,s milk improvement for the previous parameters and causes a significant (P<0.05) decrease in it along the three weeks of experiment as well as causes a significant (P<0.05) increase in ulcer inhibition ( %) and the pH value of gastric juice ,these values were closed to the values of ranitidine treated group (T3) and control groups respectively.Blood parameters : the result of the present study revealed that there was a significant ( P<0.05) decrease in the total count of RBC ,Hb concentration and PCV in aspirin administration group (T1) as compared to the other experimental group along the three weeks of experiment. while given fermented mar P Ps milk causes improvement in the previous parameters and produce a significant (P<0.05) increase of these parameters and became close to the values of rantidine groups and negative control groups.Biochemicals parameters : The result indicated that administration of aspirin produced a significant (P<0.05) increase in ALT,ASTand ALP activity as compared to the othe experimental groups but causes a significant (P<0.05) decrease in concentration of total protein particularly in the third weeks of experiment ,while giving fermented mare P,Ps milk causes improvement the previousparameters and causes a significantly (P<0.05) reduction in it and became close to the values of rantidine groups and negative control groupsOxidative stress parameters : the result of the present study revealed that there was a significantly( P<0.05) increase in (MDA concentration) and significantly( P<0.05) decrease in the concentration of (SOD,GSH and PGE2) in aspirin treated groups ,while giving fermented mare ,s milk causes a significantly( P<0.05) decrease in concentration of MDA and a significantly (P<0.05) increase in the concentration of( SOD ,GSH ,PGE2) these result are closed to the result of rantidine treated groups and negative control group.the result also shown there were non significant differences in concentration of urea and creatinine along experimental weeks among different groups ,on the other hand, the results of the histological examination of aspirin treated groups that a pathological changes in the stomach tissue represented in formation ulcers , congestion and bleeding.while giving fermented mare's milk contributes in the active form in hide of ulcers in the stomach wall, hemorrhage signs and congestion similar results obtaining when treated with rantidine.it could be concluded that aspirin administration causes negative effect on stomach also the study has been showed the important role of fermented mare's milk in reduction damages and negative effects of aspirin.

الممثل بين منزلة الشخصية واختلاف الاداء في العرض المسرحي العراقي The Actor Between Personal Status And Performance Differences In The Iraqi Theatrical Presentation

اسم المؤلف: سلمان مزهر ديوان
اسم المشرف: عبد الكريم عبود كريم المالكي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: في هذا البحث استعان الباحث بالعلوم المجاورة لفن المسرح، فقد استعار من علم الاجتماع مصطلح (المنزلة الاجتماعية) واختلاف الدور لياخذ هذا المصطلح مديات واسعة على مستوى الشخصية المسرحية والاداء التمثيلي وفق المتغيرات السلوكية التي يوفرها متغير المنزلة، وقد جاء | The researcher has been used similar science for the Performing Arts in this research, it has borrowed from sociology term (social status) and the different role to take this term ranges and wide to play the personal level and performance analog according to behavioral variables provided by the status variable that has been said about this research (actor between personal status and differences in performance in the Iraqi theater performances) to get to know the reality of performance variables when the Iraqi theater actor through discovery of core of behavioral act for personal between its status and its role differences.The research is contains four chapters : the first of which included a systematic framework of the research problem and the need to Research based on the following question : How can recognize the different between the personal status and role? What are the ways to diagnose and performance, and how to be submitted by the Iraqi theater actor? Then the importance of research and its goal, which is determined to identify the difference between the status of the personal actor the performance and role in the Iraqi theater performances.The limits of Research spatial confined in the presentations of the capital Baghdad, theater, and temporal, which is determined in the eighties of the twentieth century, the objective limits, it focuses on the study of performance variables representative of status and personal role in the Iraqi theater, and then determine the terms, namely, (status and personal).The second chapter (theoretical framework) it contains three sections : Section I : (personal status between concept and engaging) and touched the researcher to clarify the concept of social status in sociology and then how he quit in human life. The second topic : (play between personal status and the different role), in which the researcher deliberately to dive into the world of the scripts, trying to investigate and demonstrate the different roles across arent social status of the character drama. And the third section : (performative method in personal status), which was addressed to the main performing methods in the art of representation variables (Stanislavski and Brecht and Mirjuld), as well as some other recent performance tests, to demonstrate the performance variables have changed as a result of Representative status.The third chapter (action research) has included the research community and to identify the sample felt that the researcher to be intentional selective, then search tool, and the research methodology and method.Finally, the sample was focused on analog performance for a number of Iraqi representatives in the following theater performances analysis : 1. His Excellency campus.2. good human.3. between the owner and owned Leaver lost and forsaken.4. Black and white.While the fourth quarter results included and discussed on the basis of what has been reached in the sample analysis, including : 1. Combining analog presentation performance to reach the performance difference according to the requirements of personal status and the different role change, as in the performance of actress (Salima Khudair) in the theater (wife of His Excellency). 2. Adoption of Representative on the idea of hiring a mask full membership (physical and moral) as a principle of behavior to reflect on and jurisprudence change their personal status, which moves in the performance of the personal to the other to enhance the difference in performance, as in the performance of the actor (Mahmoud Abu Abbas) in the theater (between the owner and owned lost Leaver and discarded).Then the conclusions that are related to the objective, recommendations, proposals and then a list of sources and references, and appendices.Finally, Abstract this research in English.

الاشكال والانواع الغنائية في الموسيقى العراقية Forms And Types of Singing In The Iraqi Music

اسم المؤلف: زينب صبحي عبد حسين البياتي
اسم المشرف: طارق حسون فريد
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون الموسيقية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تنوعت الاشكال والانواع الموسيقية والغنائية واختلفت وفقا لمعطيات مكانية وزمانية، ومن ثم فهي تبلورت بوصفها محصلة للعلاقة بين العناصر التي تكونت منها : اللحن والايقاع والتعدد الصوتي والطابع الصوتي والنص. وتضم الموسيقى الاشكال والانواع الغنائية بجانبيه | Musical and vocal forms are varied and differed according to spatial and temporal criteria. Forms have been crystallized because of the relationship between constituent elements such as melody, rhythm, harmony, tone colour and text. Music includes forms and types of systematic and popular folk singing. These forms have been changed and developed by time, and new forms were generated according to different cultural, social and artistic influences. Iraqi music is replete with many forms of singing; systematic, popular, secular and sacred. These forms can be divided geographically or in terms of demography. In addition, the overall circumstances and events, through the history of Iraq, have played a role in the crystallization of new and modern forms and types. Moreover, some forms are evolved from older forms that became richer and more complicated than the older version. Furthermore, there are different factors that affect the structure of musical forms and singing types, such as the cultural, social and economic factors. In fact, all that was innovated of singing forms is a true reflection of the reality of the Iraqi daily life and simulation of this life’s different conditions.Forms and types of singing had increased and developed faster than the musical instrumental forms, because the Iraqi musical culture preferred to practice singing forms in their ceremonies. However, unfortunately, these forms and types have never been collected, preserved, documented, archived or studied. Therefore, I have decided to study this topic. This research is important as it presents an academic study of the forms and types of singing in Iraq. In addition, it participates in preserving these valuable forms and types. Moreover, this thesis is the first study of such topic in the academic and musical field. Furthermore, this study will fill the gap in the Arabic musical library and will assist the researchers in this field of study. However, the purpose of this study is to define the structure of the singing forms and types in the Iraqi music. This study will cover the period from 1921 to 1941 in the city of Baghdad; it focuses on the Iraqi mundane forms and types of singing in the Arabic language.The second chapter includes the theoretical framework and the previous studies. The theoretical framework consists of four topics; the first is “the structure of the musical forms and types”, the second is “singing forms before and during the Islamic period”, the third is “music and singing in Baghdad from 1921 to 1941” and the fourth topic is “the analytical standards of the musical and vocal forms”. In the end of this chapter, the results of the theoretical framework were presented. The researcher did not find a previous study that dealt with the topic of this research.The research’s procedures are presented in the third chapter, where the researcher defines the methodology and the samples of the study. The entire sample consists of 112 songs and the randomly chosen samples are 24 songs, which are divided into a specific category according to its types or form. The main tool of collecting the required information was the “Interview technique”. The main tool of the analysis was a specific analytical standard, which was created, tested and applied on the selected samples by the researcher.The results, conclusions, recommendations, suggestions, list of resources, appendices and abstract of this study are presented in the fourth chapter.

اثر مجمع تعليمي في تحصيل طلبة قسم التربية الفنية في مادة فنون الاطفال The Effect of An Teaching Modul In The Students Achievement of The Department of Art Education In ' Children Arts' Subject

اسم المؤلف: سالم صدام حواس
اسم المشرف: فراس علي حسن الكناني
الموضوع العام: العلوم التربوية
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يهدف البحث الحالي الى الكشف عن (اثر مجمع تعليمي في تحصيل طلبة قسم التربية الفنية في مادة فنون الاطفال)، ولغرض التحقق من هدف البحث تم صياغة الفرضية الصفرية الاتية : - ? لاتوجد فروق ذات دلالة احصائية بين متوسط درجات المجموعة التجريبية (التي تدرس باستعمال ا | The current research aims to detect (the impact of an educational complex in the collection of the students in the Department of Art Education material kids arts), for the purpose of verification of the aim of the research was the formulation of the null hypothesis of the following : - There are no statistically significant differences between the average scores of the experimental group differences (taught using educational complex) and the control group (which is studying the method according to the lecture) Article kids arts at the level of significance (0.05) in the post - test knowledge. Identify current research using educational complex, the material prepared by the kids arts researcher by relying on the opinions of experts and literature own article, and was six educational topics. Limited sample of the research on students Phase II / Mustansiriya University / core / Department of Art Education / Faculty of Education, the morning of the study, was chosen as the research sample Qsidia, as the number of sample students reached (60) students, 30 of them in the experimental group and (30) in the control group, was keen researcher on equal groups in some of the variables that may have an impact on them of the variable (age, sex, educational attainment, previous experience) researcher has chosen experimental design for the two Pachtbarren me and after me. Promising researcher cognitive test has been achieved from the virtual honesty and sincerity content after his presentation to a group of experts in the field (teaching methods of art education and the Measurement and Evaluation). After collecting the data were processed statistically using after the end of the experiment (samples t - test t.test). Results of the experiment showed superiority of the experimental group which studied the way the educational complex on the control group, who studied in the usual way (the lecture) for the same substance, which led to the rejection of the hypothesis of the research. In light of the current search results researcher recommended a set of recommendations, including : Use of the educational complex in teaching the material. As a complement to this research, a development researcher has suggested several proposals, including : conducting similar studies to study the stages of study materials and other stages majoring in art education

التنوع الاسلوبي في زخرفة النفائس المعدنية في مقتنيات متحف العتبة الحسينية المقدسة Stylistic Variety In The Decoration of Metal Valuables In The Collections of The Museum of The Holy Shrine of The Imam Hussein

اسم المؤلف: علاء احمد عبود ضياء الدين
اسم المشرف: شوقي مصطفى علي الموسوي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النحت
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يتناول البحث الحالي الموسوم ((التنوع الاسلوبي في زخرفة النفائس المعدنية في مقتنيات متحف العتبة الحسينية المقدسة)) الموجه دراسته على التحف المعدنية ذات التكوينات الزخرفية المتنوعة في الاداء والاسلوب على المستوى التقني والمهاري, وهي تعكس لنراوائع الفنون في | The current research entitled (The Stylistic Diversity in the Decoration of the Metallic valuables of Imam Hussein Holy shrine Collectibles) deals with metallic antiques having varied and decorated formations in terms of performance and style at both the technical and artistic levels, which reflect the treasures of our Islamic Civilization. The research is divided into four chapters. The first one deals with the research problem, which is mainly concerned with the stylistic diversity of the metallic antique as being a symbol of decorative Islamic pattern, let alone the importance of the research and its aim, which is determined by knowing the stylistic diversity in decorating metallic antiques in order to explain the limits and terms of the research. As for the second chapter, it includes the theoretical side along with the previous studies, and it falls into four sections ; the first one deals with the decorative diversity in the Islamic art (concepts and members), while the second section includes the stylistic aspects in the techniques of the decorative accomplishment (techniques and styles). It includes a preface and a demonstration of styles and techniques particularly used in performing on the metals, not to mention the methods of preserving and maintaining the metallic antiques. The third section deals with the decoration of the metallic antiques in the Islamic ages (references and applications). As for the fourth section , it is about the Imam Hussein Holy shrined museum (origin, foundation, and achievement), reaching at the indications highlighted by theoretical frame, the previous studies and their discussion. The third chapter includes the core of the study, which contains (53) samples of metallic antiques in Imam Hussein Holy shrine museum, besides the research samples which is of (17) pieces verified according to the descriptive and analytic approach. The fourth chapter includes of findings paper. of these findings, we have the following : The decorative formation used in decorating the metallic antiques following two basic rules; the first one separating the symmetry which embraces hidden repetition, whereas the second is about separating the rhythm available in the decorative unite in order to give the decorative formation a diversity of as seen in the samples (1,2,3,4,15,19).The Islamic artist confirmed the principle of stripping of his decorative forms off their materialistic (natural) extras according of the process of shortening, simplifying, stripping, and synthesizing in order to give the decorative scene aesthetic and symbolid meanings as in the samples (9,10).The artist is grappling to the principle of diversity in style, and methods of technical performance in one single antique to enrich the scene with civilized and ideal ideological implications pertaining to the symbols and symbolization as in diagram (12). The study provides the following conclusions : The artistic diversity in the techniques of works and decoration is present in the metallic antiques found in the museum of Imam Hussein Holy shrine through the blending of world cultures and their artistic skills because this holy place is the collection of all civilizations, and the Islamic one in particular due to the love and adoration Muslims have for the prophet's household ( P.B.U.T ). The study has come up with a number of recommendations : The current study recommends enhancing the artistic cooperation with other museum through exchanging delegates. Artistic references, and academic studies; in addition to having joint centers for artistic studies mainly concerned with studying the metallic antiques and treasures all over the world.Emphasizing the importance of conducting more specialized research in Islamic ant, and in particular the metallic antiques in the European museums by higher education students interested in the Islamic art. One of the most important suggestions provided by this study is conducting the following study" the artistic and technical bases of the decorative formation performed on the metallic antiques in the European museums. The last part of the study is a list of bibliography, and an abstract in English.

الابعاد الاتصالية في بنية تصاميم المواقع الالكترونية Dimensional Communicative In Structure Designs Websites

اسم المؤلف: احمد ناجي علي سالم
اسم المشرف: انتصار رسمي موسى
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التصميم الطباعي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد المواقع الالكترونية من ابرز معالم التطور الذي شهدته صناعة الرسائل المرئية خلال السنوات الماضية والتي استثمرت جميع امكانيات وقدرات تكنولوجيا الحاسوب الالي وشبكات الاتصالات ومختلف التقنيات الرقمية المستخدمة في صناعة النشر الالكتروني, مما احدثة الكثير من | Is the websites of the most prominent features of the evolution of the industry messages visual and digital over the past years and which has invested all the possibilities and capabilities of computer technology, automation and communications networks and various digital technologies and electronic used in the manufacture of electronic publishing, which evolved in their design and structure of formal and functional for what it was in the past and have become owns many interactive technologies and a lot of media communication multi Loyalty to excellence in the provision of all services communicative diverse as an exchange e - mail and presentation of audio and video files, animations, text, images, and many of the capabilities and capacities of communication and other functional, and took advantage of these sites features the publishing industry - mail to the user is provided video messages and digital to compete with the means of communication and media other traditional such as newspapers and television stations and space, as characterized by methods designed processors modern technology to combine many of the stimuli and the ingredients visual and auditory in its Design and digital displays on the screen and find where all classes of informatics, to form the world of cultural, intellectual and media integrated and unlimited, and here researcher sees the need to address to study its design and communication and see how The role of the elements formative in achieving dimensional communicative different way communication comprehensive and integrated, so addressed researcher in this research, which included four chapters devoted the first chapter of which to view the research problem and its significance, which came Baltsaullac the following : (what - dimensional communication infrastructure in the design of websites and what the extent to which the design of the structure of these sites for the functional and aesthetic aspects in terms of graphic design and technical performance, and what is the relationship Elements of in the formation of structure and the nature of its design performance and speed browsed) Hence the importance of research, which came as follows : such benefit workers in the field of design and digital output of an optical means of modern technology that opens new horizons for design Graphic future and its contribution to the development of the work of these sites and the realities of technical and communication by providing scientific article based on scientific research studied to handle errors and develop a design and functionally, and also in a supplement branches of scientific knowledge - oriented interactive means of visual communication by digital technology. The aim of the research in (the detection and diagnosis of dimensional connectivity and functional in structure design for websites), either its borders has been identified objectively : the study of dimensions of communicative and functional structure (designs websites) The spatial boundaries he was in (page's main websites Iraqi Network international information (the Internet) and published in 2014 for being the period of time to conduct the study. It then came to identify the most important scientific terms, which came in the title search.The second chapter includes a theoretical framework and most previous studies of the relationship and the researcher who divided into three sections were as follows : First research 1 - (contact and electronic publishing in the websites). 2 (websites on the Internet (concept, origination, evolution). 3 (infrastructure design for websites (foundations, elements, components).Loyalty to the most important indicators that came out of the researcher and was a summary of the literature of spec ialization to contribute to the completion of the research and Sobriety scientific and methodological, and then came the third quarter, which was devoted to the Procedures search, which follow the researcher descriptive analytical approach to suit the objective with the goal of the study is through the selection of (8) Samples research and, deliberately, representing all Iraqi sites electronic on the Internet, either fourth chapter devoted to the display and discussion of results, conclusions and recommendations and proposals of theoretical and applied the researcher reached for a variety of scientific results based on the analysis of the samples, which serve the purpose of research and placed the most important of which include : 1 - Varying interest employing Activations communication in all its forms and types of external and internal in the design of the page header and try to distinguish them through the Post an some of the effects of technical and Manifesting explanatory upon which contributes to strengthening the role of communication in the process of interaction with the receiver and easily governed by the information inside and outside the site.2 - concern employing Activations communication in all its forms diverse body of the page and try the most prominent importance and functional connectivity in the design of the site and in terms of importance and functional connectivity within the page and their contribution effectively to enrich the process of interaction and communication between the page and its contents and components of the site and between the user and the process of sailing - mail it. 3 - Distinguish sites e - recruiting technology links and links activated Communicative all kinds of different as one of the structural elements and the core used in the design and work to be invested in the various parts of the pages of the site, particularly on the home page of them and take advantage of the effectiveness of technology in the service of the browser and liberal of the linear modes in the process of receiving and neglect employ other types of techniques such as active links and buttons still and moving images and video clips and flash in the design of the page header and body and characterized by a high capacity to attract attention and the visual excitement of the browser. 4 - lack of interest in investing techniques multimedia elements well in the design of all websites surveyed and the absence of an effective role in the process of communication and navigation and access to information published and which have an influential role in the increasing polarization of the optical and increase factors tensile strength and gravity of some of the elements on the page and Giving some fun and personality aesthetic therein. 5 - was hired material and textual information in all the pages of the websites researched and differing employed in terms of the types of fonts used, size and colors, Loyalty to the multiplicity of places to invest within the Home and distributed according to the function and performance of communication required With the addition of the diversity of the use of images and colors on the home page and employ mostly as links Soah activated commensurate with their function communicative and aesthetic within the page and display pages on the browser using the system (RGB) chromatography, which depends on the width of all colors that contain page through the rush of three electronics optical color red, green and blue towards the screen and complete the process of vision with the browser.6 - lack of interest in employing all the tools of interaction communication in Home Design for all websites surveyed, and was confined to utilize them on the investment tool e - mail communication and the neglect of the possibilities and techniques and other interactive tools provided by the environment connectivity and diverse Web sites, such as methods of participation and direct vote and arenas of dialogue and debate and mechanisms of the questionnaire the opinion polls, including a negative impact on the process of interaction for the browser. 7 - able researched some websites that check some dimensional connectivity required functionally and Contact means comprehensive communication has contributed to the nature of the communication techniques and tools used in the design of interactive Web sites effectively and significantly enhance the functional roles and communicative and interactive with the browser .The most important conclusions which they came researcher : 1 - contributes to the recruitment technique links active internal and external ones, and all the diverse forms of (icons and still images and animated texts and other communication mechanisms) in the structure of the site to promote and enrich the role of communication to the main page of the site and increase their interaction with the browser. 2 - link the success of Home Design and functionally Communicative interest designer employing Activations communicative diverse in the body of the page and try to highlight their importance communicative and interactive on - site and distributed according to the function and importance of communication with and work on distinguishable from surrounding elements by using one influences electronic and design available. 3 - that the increased interest in employing multimedia such as audio and video clips, animations and other effects flash the other has positive effects on all the functions of the communicative and aesthetic of the website and increase the effectiveness of the performing and design for the process of receiving and fun browsing and contribute to enrich the role of communication and information for the page and to facilitate the process of the transfer of information and integration of the recipient. 4 - contributes to the use of images in all its forms and types, different as one of the elements Graphic key in the design of the structure of the site to promote and strengthen the features of the communicative and interactive and expressive of the page for having some of the functions of expression and reference to topics posted and increase the interest of the browser out and stir up attention and interaction psychological with it. 5 - contribution textual information and Calligraphy to do many of the functions of communication and design and symbolism within the site by employing objective and in terms of information and its impact morphologically and aesthetically pleasing in its design and by way of distribution and employ communication and technical inside it, according to its effectiveness performing and character of the visual for the browser. 6 - provides the use of the system (RGB) color - many of the possibilities of color and visual multi - which may reach to show hundreds of hues and more for each color user Loyalty to his contribution to the effective and influential role in the completion of all events of design and functional in the space of the page and performance design for its formal and technical. 7 - to employ tools to interact communication different, such as the use of e - mail and opinion polls and lines of chat and voting mechanisms within the structure of the design of the web site, particularly on the home page it is one of the reasons the task of enriching and integrating function connectivity of the site and increase its ability to do many of the events and activities communicative multiple which contribute to strengthening ties with communicative browser. 8 - is linked to the achievement of dimensional connectivity of different websites successfully its design and functionally and aesthetically and exploit the advantages of its environment and digital electronic and informatics technically and employ all of its elements and components design of various forms, text, images, multimedia and assorted colors for the benefit of her job design and tools of communication and interactive multi - and highlighting its vital role in The browser needs to achieve his ambitions to meet the different communicative.The researcher also recommended the following : 1 - need to pay attention employing all kinds of links and links activated Communicative and two types of external and internal in all parts of the home page and intensify their use in areas of vital and relevant visual interest, such as the head, neck, and upper parts and the side of the page. 2 - need to pay attention employ multimedia technologies of various kinds within the site's home page and in parts of the mission and the vital and design of them and especially to work on the maximum benefit from the advantages of communication and design to strengthen the multi - functionality and interactive and aesthetic of the site. 3 - interest in employing elements Calligraphy and Graphic inside page and the need to use a design and formally and technically consistent with the nature of the performing and communicative and interactive. 4 - adaptation of all technical possibilities and connectivity offered by the digital environment and technological websites in order to invest and employ various kinds of interactive tools, service and communication with the browser and the increased attention Development work inside Home in particular, and the rest of the parts of the site generally and attention to the nature of the trends connectivity of the web site and work to employ all the possibilities The features and capabilities possessed by the structure design and communication sites in order to achieve the goals and dimensional connectivity and functionality required to do so.As suggested by some studies, the researcher conducting complementary research and Modouh including : 1 - purine body structure designs websites and their role in achieving dimensional connectivity. 2 - recruit in the development of multimedia performance communication infrastructure in the design of websites 3 - Use the abilities of the visual effects in enhancing the communicative functions of the structure to design Web sites. Loyalty to the researcher to provide some suggestions and Applied Post an deems scientific and complementary to the research topic.

توافقات الانساق الصوتية والحركية لاداء الممثل في عروض مسرح الطفل العراقية The Consensuses of Acoustic And Kinetic Formats To Perform Actor In Iraqi Child Theater Offers

اسم المؤلف: محمد كاظم محمد الساعدي
اسم المشرف: مصطفى تركي السالم
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: عبر تجربة عالمية ثرية امتدت لاكثر من قرن قدمت فيها العديد من الاعمال المسرحية الخاصة بالطفل، ادرك المتخصصون في شؤون الطفولة الاهمية التربوية الكبيرة التي ينطوي عليها هذا المسرح الجديد في مجال التربية وتنمية قدرات الاطفال، لم يعد الاهتمام بمسرح الطفل يت | Through its universal rich experience spanning more than a century in which provided many of the theatrical works for children , and as specialists realize the great childhood educational importance involved in this new stage in the field of education and development of children's capacities Affairs, attention is no longer the scene of the child is determined by being room entertainment bring entertainment and fun, but also one of the most influential and important areas of education, the theater contributes an active and influential in the development and preparation of the child through the development of abilities and behavioral and mental health, and the role of education is no less important and influential for other educational institutions (school) or for the family through educational and cultural influential, which is characterized by the theater (as offers them the values and ideas in the mold of the thrill and excitement), and which takes into account their abilities (mental, psychological, and linguistic). Children's theater has a Privacy of unique, where addressing their minds through the its experience simple and imagination runaway in the magic of globalization, if taken into account the technical requirements that make the theater a way designed to supplement the child try new experiences (both theatrical presentation is a new life of various humanitarian and experience) as The theatrical presentation directed to the child structure, must be based on the most important requirements to communicate with the child and two elemental thrill and excitement, they are not linked properly, but also the manner in which drafted the shape to be enhanced and supportive intellectual content which tightens the theater, to submit it to the receiver (the child) as orally the final, as is done by activating his thinking and also stir the imagination in globalization magic including offers to him from different levels (movement, sound, performance in general), by an actor who is considered the most effective in children's theater power, whether through his body (body language ), or voice / dialogue (words spoken), as it is based performance of the actor in the theater on the acoustic and kinetic performance system, using them to transmit messages of verbal and non - verbal in the theater, as one influential artistic elements in the child, which makes theatrical event theater possible, audio and visual impacts, for the two most influential tighten their attention process to visual theatrical narrative children's theater, it is that the two systems of technical elements influencing, controlling the theatrical form, whether in strengthening the theatrical text sounds impressive, or smooth performance with the combined elements other theater, which engages in the provision of creative achievements, which is designed to supplement the emotional and intellectual experience simple acts of a play dealing with the court and professional manner, the issues that are the focus of their attention, and that will provide them with entertainment, entertainment and knowledge.To the attention of the researcher in children's theater and performances made in Iraq, and the follow - up to her, it was noted that there is a great disparity in the performances of actors in that showcase the characters, and that there is a special diligent in the provisions of the relationship between the acoustic and kinetic patterns, which the child may lose its ability to realize the implications of the dramatic situations and thus the whole show, and found that this phenomenon requires then stop, and search.And where he found no previous researchers to address this set, it was found the need to adopt a theme and the formulation of his research in : (The Consensuses of Acoustic And Kinetic Formats To Perform Actor In Iraqi Child Theater Offers) to identify the Consensuses of those patterns in the performance of the actor, the first rack and the base in semantics Display Drama directed to the child.To achieve this goal the Department of Research into chapters : The Researcher dealt with in the first chapter (methodological framework), the research problem and the need for it, the importance of research, research objectives, the limits of the search, specify terms (consensus, pattern, children's theater) and procedurally defined.Chapter II took three research has formed (theoretical framework), which are as follows : - 1. Search I : acoustic performance of a representative system, and the characteristics of the child actors in the theater presentations.2. Search II : kinetic performance of the representative system components, and their importance in children's theater presentations.3. Search III : the relationship between the audio system and the motor system of the child actor in theater presentations.• Previous studies have approached the subject of research.The researcher concluded that the core indicators through a tour of the theoretical framework as it is divided into three levels, as follows : - 1. Voice level in the performance of the actor.2. Kinetic level In the performance of the actor.3. The relationship between voice and kinetic level in the performance of the actor.Chapter III dealt with the procedures of scientific research and of, research methodology, and research methods and tools, his research community, the method of selecting the sample, where the researcher was adopted (how simple random) in the selection of research samples, as a representative of his research community and across the scientific method systematically, has been represented by choosing the main character in the following presentations : - 1. the play (Access 2005).2. the play (Asia go to school), 2007.3. the play (for the lost pearl 2008).The researcher has the following units of analysis relied on according to what is stated in the theoretical framework : - indicators1. voice actor in the performance level, across the sound elements (definition, Botfly, toning, stop, audio layer, the intensity of the sound)2. locomotor performance level in Representative (the gesture, positional movement, transitional movement).3. The relationship between the voice and representative of the performance of the motor.At the end of the third quarter, was presented a summary of the research results reached by the researcher through the analysis of samples.The fourth chapter, has included a presentation to discuss the research findings (researcher), through the research goals, which came out of her conclusions that represent complementary answers to the research objectives.1. contribute to the audio system, the integration of the internal components, significantly in the formation of meanings and diversity, which produces own voice through the development of performance capacity, to achieve the delivery of meaning clearly to the recipient (the child).2. Kinetic system an effective contribution to draw a picture of the event or idea at hand, in the theater, across the locomotor performance personal adopted in theatrical presentation directed to children.3. coalition system kinetic and acoustic according synchronous format, gives high semantic energy, produces aesthetic and graphical elements, check the thrill and influence at the receiver (the child).4. connotations that building process requires some situations (nominally difference) between the spoken language and motor performance, as the signifier consensus, may be achieved through the differences and not uniformity, and so in some situations.Also identified (researcher) the most important recommendations, in addition to the proposals, a complement to the subject of his research, as chapter contains a list of sources and references Arabic, in addition to periodicals and magazines, letters, thesis, interviews and supplements and abstract in English

التداخل النغمي بين اداء الممثل والمؤثر الموسيقي في عروض المسرح الاحتفالي العراقي Overlap Tonal Between The Performance of Actor And Musical Influence In Iraqi Festive Theater Performances

اسم المؤلف: عمر ضياء الدين محمد حسن القيسي
اسم المشرف: زهير كاظم علوان الشمري
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Music primitive imitated in rituals and rites of the first man, which grafted in tunes that were performed by the end of symmetry, sound effects emitted by nature, there is a voice ravaged spear and storms and thunder and the sounds of wild animals, as imitated Neanderthal rhythms of those voices with musical instruments primitive to reach industry to imitate the sound of the wind whistling blowing plants or drums to appease those phenomena that can not interpret and prevention of evils magical rituals accompanied by playing music. The environmental which found the Neanderthal was the cradle first kicks from the music to the ranges can not be the one to give up the end of her or draw her limits virtual end then its capabilities, in a journey through history has provided music are numerous examples revealed features a clear picture of the human journey Creative Throughout history, representing unchanged if the historical evidence other transformations experienced by mankind through the stages of civilization and different cultures, ranging from the simulation of primitive man to the sounds of nature to the music that plays when establishing rituals, whether in the celebrations of the pagan or holidays, which was held in the ancient civilizations..... Until the present day, is still music, perpetual motion and the search for new causes and adversity, this effect creative crannies to the theater, which will enter the areas of the creative experience inspired by music in its realization, that the pace of change in the present proceeding at a rapid pace, there are many variables, whether in test subjects or processors artistic form of theater, as devoted subjects of everyday life that affect ordinary people more than one interest in mythology, the legendary that prevailed in the Greek theater epic, which paved the way for the emergence of a more daring to ask and address the technical and music was one of the technical elements affecting the aesthetics of theater, whether accompanied by an influence Sonic traditional theatrical performances or other theatrical experiences that aim to provide a new concept of life and the existence of humanity and the problems of the contemporary theater foliate man who took the ceremonial space of this research, The change creative is the image transformation, which seeks to perfection, the musical influences in the theater will be, the signs can be interpreted, as signals to transmit to the meanings and dimension aesthetically tightens the cohesion and strength of the effects of theatrical performances that hired a professional manner realize its mission creative, so came this research titled (Overlap Tonal Between The Performance of Actor And Musical Influence In Iraqi Festive Theatrical Performances).The researcher has divided the subject into four chapters : Chapter I (systematic framework) which includes a research problem and the need for him, the importance of research, the goals of the research, the limits of the search, specify terms, and defined procedural. Chapter II (theoretical framework), which included three Research are : - Research I : (Overlap Tonal Between The Performance of Actor And Musical Influence in Iraqi Festive Theatrical Performances), Research II : (The relationship between acting performance and musician influential in musical performance) and Research III : (Methods of Performance In The Festive Theater), and created by the theoretical framework of indicators adopted by the researcher in analysis of the research sample. Chapter III : ensure procedures and analysis of research from the elected (Iraqi ceremonial performances). Chapter IV : Summary guarantee results and conclusions discussed and reached through the analysis, which has been linked to the objectives of the research. And the mother of results with respect to the effects of tonal overlap in theatrical performances, so the impact of psychological (emotional) practiced by the great musical influences that accompany the appropriate theatrical performances and add aesthetic and artistic dimension which allows Offers theater, to be creative act. It also included a chapter on the proposals and recommendations of the researcher and a list of references and sources, and a summary of research in the English language.

برنامج تدريبي لاكساب طلبة قسم التربية الفنية مهارات صناعة واستحدام الاقنعة المسرحية A Training Program For Students of Artistic Education Department To Acquire Skills Industry And Using of Play Masks

اسم المؤلف: سروه مالك رسول سلمان الزركوشي
اسم المشرف: حسين علي هارف
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Scientific developments and new technologies in the fields of life of all in general, and the field of education in particular came to the emergence of changes in construction education and teaching methods to the new formulas fit in its entirety with a renewed era, as the university is one of the educational institutions that play a major role in the life of society , achieve required educational goals, being dealt with and develop appropriate solutions to the student, and rehabilitation after graduation.Moreover that the objectives of the instructional design process is focused on the learner, which is the hub of the educational process and the creation of new methods and ideal for training and helping the learner to learn the easiest results, according to the modalities and methods of modern. Perhaps the most prominent were the training program at the College of Fine Arts, so is the Department of Art Education, one of the scientific departments, which aims to rehabilitate the student in accordance with the standards required and to be in a capacity and efficiency in the teaching of this article after their move to the other phase.The Department of Artistic Education curriculum - represented by the (school theater, child theater , play techniques and handicrafts ) which often rely on visual methods and be meaningful, whether directly or indirectly to the recipient. Accordingly and from here there was a real need to give the students of the department of art education, skills and cognitive performance and expertise needed in masks theater and uses industry through designed training program for this purpose that makes the students able to produce a theatricalmask commensurate with the nature of the personal and the requirements posed on stage as well as how to use it.Since the mask theater is a stable and visible way does not mean anything without the actor owns (the student) skill properly handled in educational situations or scenes offer, so the objectives of the current research are to achieve the following points : - ? Construction of a training program to give students of department of artistic education skills and the methods and way to use play - making masks.? Measure the effectiveness of the program in both dimensions ; knowledge and skills. The society of the current research is the students of department of artistic education / College of Fine Arts / University of Wasit / with a total number of (114) students, who have been selected randomly from the third stage students who were (23) students, whom the represented the amount of (20%) of the original research society. The training program which that applied was prepared according to the sample or a form of task analysis for (Charles Regelyot) on one experimental group, as used with a minimum of settings experimental design to measure the effectiveness of the training program in masks theater industry and how it is used, and to achieve this , two instruments have been designed : ? Achievement of collecting ( cognitive ) test to measure the acquisition of the targeted group of the foundations of knowledge in the industry and the use of theatrical masks.? Achievement collecting test (skills) to measure the extent of which the targeted group acquired artistic skills in the industry and the use of masks during the four evaluation tools (Note) have been designed by the researcher for thispurpose. Both instruments of the research along with the related evaluated instrument have been subjected to the terms of honesty , alignment and stability for the purpose of making them codified tools have appropriate psychometric characteristics and that can be adopted later in similar or complementary experimental research for the current search later. The researcher used a number of statistical methods to show the search results which represented by the most important equation of (Wilcoxon ) to investigate the results of the two collecting tests grades knowledge ( cognitive ) and skills, the equations of difficulty coefficient , discrimination paragraphs achievement test of collecting knowledge, objectivity, and the coefficient of correlation (Point Baiserial) to calculate the correlation between the degree of paragraph and the total degree of testing to verify the veracity of the substantive paragraphs in cognitive collecting test and the coefficient of correlation (Pearson) to calculate the correlation between the degree of paragraph and total score for the test to check the veracity of the paragraphs relating to the first question in the achievement test of knowledge, and to calculate the achievement test cognitive constancy as the researcher used equation of (alpha - Cronbach).The equation (Pearson correlation coefficient) is used to find the stability of skill performance evaluation in industry and the use of masks theatrical tools. The most important results reached by the current research are : 1. Efficiency of the experimental group in the post - test on their answers to the paragraphs of the achievement test of knowledge in the industry and the use of play masks, their grades in the pre - test, which confirms the effectiveness of the training program, among other things of cognitive foundations related to the skills of industry and the use of masks play an organizational contexts, as well as the nature of the educational activities and events designed to accommodate the content of the prepared training program.As well as sequenced relay procedural according to the model of education adopted in the (task analysis), which helped to sequence and coherence of the cognitive aspects with teaching aids, therefore ;understanding and improvement in the better collection of knowledge.2. The efficiency of the experimental group (which is trained according to the stages of the prepared training program in accordance with the sample analyzing the tasks about their responses to paragraphs achievement test the collecting skill in the industry and the use of play masks with respect to the four artistic skills) in the post - test, Based on the results ,the researcher recommended the following : 1. Benefit from the training program and the adoption of pre - development centers in the Ministry of Higher Education& Scientific research through the establishment of training and qualifying courses for the students of Department of Artistic Education. 2. Work on the preparing of supplies and materials for teaching artistic skills to rule the school theater in particular, and theatrical techniques in general, and in particular industry and the use of theatrical masks, being involved in the process of preparing students in the Department of Art Education for the teachingprofession for the next stage. 3. Holding a special annual festival art of mask theater with the participation of students, which is to provide models of theatrical masks, which deals with materials , raw materials and the different topics and formats that go into the theater. 4. Preparing specialized technical staff in the field of industry and the use of play masks takes into consideration to implement what suits their designs for masks according to modern methods, so as to ensure the development of artistic skills and its continuity, and finally lead to manufacture masks compatible with the outfit with physical actor configurations and without creating trouble or damage for the actor who used these masks.The researcher suggested conducting the following tworesearches : - 1. Training program to let the national team of actors to get skillfulness in the art of stage mask industry and use it in the shows of child theatre.2. - Artistic and dramatic employment of theatrical mask in school - theatre shows.At the end of the research , the researcher presented a list of Arabic and English references

تاريخ الة العود في العصر العباسي The History of Oud In The Abbasid Period

اسم المؤلف: حيدر زامل حسين هاشم
اسم المشرف: احمد جهاد خلف البدر
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون الموسيقية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تتكون هذه الرسالة من خمسة فصول. وابرز ما اشتمل عليه الفصل الاول (الاطار المنهجي) هو مشكلة البحث والهدف منه والذي يلخصهما السؤال الاتي (ما هو تاريخ الة العود في العصر العباسي بجوانبها الفنية المتنوعة). ثم اظهر الباحث اهمية وحدود بحثه. اما الفصل الثاني (ال | This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter is the methodological framework of the study, which includes the research problem and the purpose of the study, which summarized by by the following question : What is the history of the Oud and its multiple artistic aspects in the Abbasid period. In addition, this chapter explains the significance and the boundaries of the study.The second chapter (theoretical framework) has dealt with the political history and social affairs of the Abbasid period. Additionally, the Artistic activism and the prominent role of music and singing were discussed.In the third chapter, the procedures of this research have been identified, and the historical descriptive approach was adopted.In the fourth chapter, the achievements of nine of the most prominent Abbasid scientists, who have studied the Oud, were discussed. In addition, ten musical relics were reviewed, which reflected another aspect of the history of the Oud. This chapter also, reviewed the most prominent figures who dealt with the Oud particularly in the Abbasid period.The fifth and final chapter was devoted to discuss the results of the study. Among the most prominent results was that Al - Kindi was the first to describe the making of the Oud in the Abbasid period. The numbers of frets strings were four, and later another string was added during the time of Al - Armawi. The tuning was set according to the perfect fourth distance between the strings. The names of the four strings are (Al - Bum, Al - Methleth, Al - Methna, and Al - Zeer). These names have a contemporary versions, (Al - Aushayran a, Al - Dogah d1, Al - Newa g1, and Al - Kirdan c2).The instrumentalists in the Abbasid period have used the position technique in the Oud. In addition, there are many musical terms used in the Abbasid period, which are still used nowadays. Then, several conclusions were discussed, set of recommendations and proposals were presented, and were followed by a list of sources and references.

الانتقائية في تصاميم الفضاءات الداخلية لفنادق الدرجة الممتازة Selectivity In Designs Interiol Spaces For Super Deluxe Hotels

اسم المؤلف: احمد علي هاشم
اسم المشرف: بدريا محمد حسن فرج
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التصميم الداخلي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: من المؤكد ان التصميم الداخلي كفن وظيفي يبدا بالتلقي وينتهي بالاستخدام، ان عناصر الشكل ونظام العلاقات المكونة له تاتي من خلال عملية انتقائية قصدية يعتمد فيها المصمم اسس عامة تنطلق من المستخدم والوظيفة، بانطباعات الاول (الواقعية والخيالية) واعتبارات الثاني | Sure, Interior shroud career starts Baltgay and end use, that the elements of shape and system constituent relations come through a selective process deliberate the designer depends general grounds runs from the user and function, first impressions (realism and fantasy) and the second considerations (aesthetic expressive and usability), and embodied in place to return to the user in a process of dial ogue and reactions to this vocabulary purified, the researcher finds that lack a manner agreed between the service requirements in the receive and use spaces in the country Hotels excellent degree. Therefore felt researcher choose the title purely marked : ((selectivity in the designs of the interior spaces of first class hotels)) which is an analytical and directical study on the formal manifestation of the principles and elements of interior spaces in the premium - class hotels for each of Baghdad, Erbil and Basra systems. It sheds light on the selection of the foundations of relations and elements of the appropriate form in the designs of these spaces to serve the function and beauty requirements. Circumscribed Bmchklth in detecting deposits selection designer purified vocabulary that effectively design adequate to the requirements of public service in the provision of physical and moral comfort. And it came Search including four chapters, the first chapter consisted of the research problem and its significance, objectives and limits, and then determine the terms.Upon that, the study includes four chapters. The first included the problem of the study, and its importance which lies in the following : 1. Making use of the knowledge and the information for the specialists in the field or the close fields like the parallel colleges like the college of engineering in the Iraqi universities and the scholars and those specialized and familiar to acquire information in that field for the service of our beloved country (Iraq).2. Making use by the official governmental and non - governmental directorates like the ministries of Habitations and Construction, Planning, Foreign Affairs, Archaeology, Culture , Higher Education and Scientific Research and the related offices. 3. The process of selection of the designing items for the main spaces which concern the visiting users and contribute to fulfill the comfort.4. The importance is manifested in studying the special and private spaces, bedroom entrances, passages and the resting spaces, food wards for clients, in their directors in these hotels in and aesthetic pleasure, in addition to other spaces like the theatres and meeting halls.The current study aims at revealing the items selected from the formative elements in their relationship with the nature of the performance of the function and the aesthetic and the nature of its users, and putting designing suggestions. - The Thematic Limit of the Study : The study of the theme of selectivity in the design of internal spaces. - The Spatial Limits : The Super Deluxe hotels in the middle and northern Iraq, represented in the two hotels of Al - Rasheed and Ishtar in Baghdad and the two hotels of Irbil International Hotel and Royall Hotel in the city Irbil and Al - Basrah International Hotel in city. - The Time Limits : the time limit is from 2003 - 2014 for the tourist openness which Iraqi has witnessed after the event 2003, and then the term definition. The second chapter dealt with the theoretical framework and previous studies, as the researcher did not find the study are directly related to the current study. And ensure that the theoretical framework three sections, the first section dealt with (the selection and Alantqa?ah - fundamentals and vocabulary), the concept of this convention as a field theoretical level and as a verb in the choice of vocabulary design and the forces acting upon launch. While the second section titled (Interior and priority considerations in functional spaces excellent hotels) dealt with the concept of interior design as a field applied in these hotels and the foundations of the backs formal public functions and role between the receive and use. The third section dealt with the (structural system design and relations), structural system between the design, construction, material and techniques backs finished exceptional space frames in public office put it. Then extracted from this chapter indicators set based upon the analysis of selected samples. The third chapter consisted of field research procedures, as defined methodology descriptive approach (case study), and the research community and the samples selected, represented by (5) Samples And 45% of the research community's (11) Hotel, search tool and an observation form and form to determine axes analysis was then ratified by the tool, and finally describe and analyze samples. The fourth chapter has put search field, conclusions and recommendations, and the results of the proposals, and the beneficiaries from this research , and the scientific resources. The most important results can be summarized as follows : 1. Most of the spaces marked by the selection of hotels formal elements and color contracts represented only a semi - circular curved and pointed decades in one of them a sample and a black and gold colors of the cultural heritage in the absence of raw materials that mimic these Selections, and a renewed vision of the future. The other came in the spirit of contemporary confirm these forms.2. Pick formal elements of square and rectangular and semi - circular spaces in the hotel in a relationship with the same simulation elements employed in interfaces. It also invested gene forms mimic the heritage society for foreign visitors.3. overcome the idea of the selection of the design system in the distribution of the internal spaces form a contiguous linear relations and led to the opposite ITSAM movement and distribution system Furniture sin also.4. Constructed Structural closed systems do not change for the most part adopted a change in Siding supplements of its components and furniture, which traditionally appeared frequently in mostly.5. Make sure need operational functions in the remote spaces for vision Assembly Thdadave dream spaces and corridors decks while confirmed the aesthetic and functional considerations in the ground floors and Vdhaeadtha of entrances and corridors and restaurants, and in the absence of these considerations in the spaces of the theater hall meetings.Findings and conclusion, and then the suggestions and the beneficiaries of the study which are the official governmental and non - governmental directorates like the ministries of Habitations and Construction, Planning, Foreign Affairs, Archaeology, Culture , Higher Education and Scientific Research, and the specialists in the field or the close fields like the parallel colleges like the college of engineering in the Iraqi universities and the scholars and those specialized and familiar to acquire information in that field, in addition to the sicnetific sources inn the study.

الخصائص الفنية الزخرفية في المدرسة المغربية Decorative Artistry Characteristics In Moroccan School

اسم المؤلف: لؤي نزيه مطلك
اسم المشرف: كريم حواس علي الساعدي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الخط والزخرفة
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان الفنان المسلم استلهم مفرداته من الطبيعة ومن الاشكال البسيطة كالمستقيمات والمربعات والمثلثات والدوائر، وقد كان هناك اوجه تشابه واختلاف في الوقت نفسه بين المدارس الزخرفية، مما جعل الامر يلتبس على كثير من المزخرفين لا سيما الدارسين في حقل الاختصاص، وقد ات | Muslim artist inspired his vocabularies from the nature and from simple forms such as straights , squares , triangular and circles. At the same time there was similarity and contrast in decorative school which led to confusion for many of those practice decoration (decorators ) specially the specialists. Due to exploratory studying and continuation upon research society represented in Moroccan Islamic Architecture through photographs and images in books and references concerning Moroccan decorations of Islamic architecture , it was obvious to the researcher that artistry and scientific necessities required identify those artistry characteristics of Moroccan school and the most prominent characteristics and features of Moroccan school.Accordingly the researcher formulated the problem of the research through the following question : " what are the artistry characteristics in the Moroccan decoration " ? The importance of the research has embodied in identifying the artistry characteristics of the decoration and all its kinds ( plants , geometrical and linear ). The researchers exposed the contributions of Moroccan school in designing and execution o decoration upon Islamic architecture. The objective of the research is to answer the mentioned question within the problem of the research. The research was defined with decorative artistry characteristics in Moroccan school with its kinds ( plants , geometrical and linear ) in mosques , schools , shrines and those executed on ( stone , gypsum , wood , vitrified tiles ) from the period of ( 745H - 1345A.D )to ( 1390H - 1971 A.D ). The second chapter included the following subjects : The stages of development of Moroccan decoration , architectural decorative components , Islamic architecture elements, areal divisions of the decorations , besides the design foundations of architecture decoration , construction relation , raw materials and execution techniques. followed by theoretical framework and previous studies.The researcher followed in conducting the research descriptive method ( analyzing the content ) in order to reach the objectives of the research. The samples were chosen intentionally. The researcher chose ( 6 ) six samples for his research and the total number of the sample were ( 60 ) sixty samples represented the society of the samples. The analyze form was in accordance theoretical framework and exposing it to several experts to confirm its validity. According to the analyzing form, the selected analyzing sample, where showed a collection of results as follows : - 1 - Single work of one decoration type( engineering), which is based on steroid shapes, which originated non - steroid shapes resulted from the crossed lines and their reflections represented by the straight and vertical ,horizontal and diagonal, which shaped multiple shapes amongst semi - steroid elements and rhombus shapes and irregular shapes.2 - Dual two types decoration work ( plan and engineering), the plant decorations have involved cupped indentations of single, double and triple pods as for the geometrical shapes inspired from bees hives and the Muslim artist has inspired these shapes to express the accuracy and regularity via repeated of geometrical shapes regularly.3 - Three decoration work( plant, geometry, writing)the basic unit included texts with Al - Thulith and Al - Nasakh Moroccan calligraphy due to sequenced line distribution system interspersed by plant decorations whose construction leaves and single double and triple cup items in addition to geometrical decorations represented by steroid and non - steroid shapes, as for the steroid shapes which included eight steroid and non - steroid shapes represented by irregular geometrical shapesBased on the results , the researcher have reached to a collection of conclusions represented by the following : - 1 - The development and the maturity that the Moroccan decoration art has reached along the development stage, does not come emptiness but connected series extended to be integral period for the previous one and it is an evidence to the innovation mental development extent, and the skill decoration expertise of the Moroccans at the same time.2 - The plant, geometrical and writing decorations of the arts widely used in the Moroccans Islamic architecture and has come the most distinguished elements and gains the Moroccan decoration attention via various the historical eras of the ancients fundamentals, also has dominance in a lot of architecture land marks.3 - The diversity in the decoration items( plant, geometrical and writing) of general appearance and the interior stuff and with colored diversified outcomes whether for single , double and triple types have contributed in add the diversified and multiplicity of the decoration items in one connected design unit.According to what the researcher has reached of results and conclusions and to complete the benefit and knowledge, the researcher has viewed to specify to a collection of recommendations most important of which are : 1 - To get benefit from the current research results to enhance curricula for the concerned Dept. amongst calligraphy and Islamic decoration Dept. in the institutes and colleges of fine arts.2 - Paying attention with the Moroccans school in the field of decoration of its various types of their aesthetic distinguished richness, on the executed works of Islamic architecture. And to complete the requirement of the research and to realize the scientific benefit, the researcher has presented a collection of suggestions ,benefited to be successive studies as follows : - 1 - The artistic characteristics of the Moroccans decorations on the pottery.2 - Aesthetic of the Moroccans decoration on the plate form

دور الة الكونترباص في الموسيقى والغناء العراقي The Role of The Contrabass Instrymint Iraqi Music And Singing

اسم المؤلف: وسام محمود عبد الزهرة عطية
اسم المشرف: فراس ياسين جاسم
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون الموسيقية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعـــــ(الــــــــ الكونترباص),احــــــــدى الات العائلــــة الوتـــــرية القوسيــــــة, المؤلفة مــــــــن ( الكمان, والفيولا, والفيولنسيل ), فقد لعبت (الة الكونترباص) دورا مهما في تكوين الفرق الموسيقية العالمية, من خلال مجالها الصوتي الواسع, وطبقتها | The double bass is a member of the string family, beside the violin, viola, and cello. It has played an important role in the formation of orchestra ensembles, and this is because of its wide musical range and its low pitch. These tow features support the performance of the harmony and counterpoint by other musical instruments. The importance of this instrument encourages composers to create a specific music for the double bass such as Sonatas and Concertos.Despite the great importance of this instrument, it has not received sufficient attention in the Arabic and Iraqi academic research field. This prompted the researcher to adopt his experience as a performer on this instrument in this research to explore the role of the Doublebass in the Iraqi music and singing.This study consists of five chapters, list of references and annexes. The first chapter is the methodological framework of the study, which includes the research problem and the purpose of the study. The position of the Double Bass was explained, as it is an essential instrument in the Iraqi musical ensembles. In addition, it has participated in the recorded songs in the 1970s. The role of the Double Bass was recognised because of its tone colour and its rhythmic style, which fits the requirements of the Iraqi songs. For this role, it is important to study the function of the Double Bass in the Iraqi music and singing. In this chapter, the importance of the study was explained and the aim was identified, which is the role of the Double Bass in the musical ensemble that accompany the Iraqi music and singing.The second Chapter consists of the literature review and the previous studies. The literature review includes three sub - chapters; the first one discusses the history of the Double Bass. The second one deals with the parts, performance and the techniques of the Double Bass. The third explains the participationof the Double Bass in the Iraqi music and singing. The results of the literature review were discussed and there was no previous academic study regarding the role of the Double Bass in the Iraqi music. However, there is only one study that might be close to this study as both studies have the same singing form of the 1970s.The third chapter explores the field of thisstudy, which is the songs of the 1970s. In addition, experts were identified,samples were chosen, equipment was mentioned, musical standards were explained and the methodology of the study was discussed.The fourth chapter includes the analysis of the chosen samples. The fifth chapter discusses the results and the conclusions of the study. Additionally, a set of recommendations and proposals were presented, and were followed by a list of sources and references.
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