عرض: 25 50 75 100 النتائج

نتائج البحث: 50 من أصل 114,801

المتخلفون عن الجهاد في القران الكريم والحديث الشريف : دراسة موضوعية The crippling of striving duty in Holy Quran and in the Hadith Objective study

المستخلص: ان الجهاد في سبيل الله ضرورة من ضرورات الدين ولازمة من لوازمه شرعه الله سبحانه وتعالى لاعلاء كلمة الاسلام واقامة احكامه والقضاء على الظلم والاستبداد.فقال في محكم كتابه : ﴿ وما لكم لا تقاتلون في سبيل الله والمستضعفين من الرجال والنساء والولدان الذين يقولون ربنا اخرجنا من هذه القرية الظالم اهلهوااجعل لنا من لدنك وليا واجعل لنا من لدنك نصيرا ﴾( ).وان ترك هذه الفريضة يؤدي الى هدم الدين ونسفه من قواعده وتمكين اعداء الاسلام وتسليطهم على المسلمين ليعيثوا في الارض الفساد ويهلكوا الحرث والنسل.والناظر الى احوال الامة الاسلامية اليوم وما هي عليه من الضعف في الايمان والركون الى الدنيواالتواكل والتخاذل يدرك غياب هذه الفريضة عن اذهان الكثير من المسلمين، لولواجود القلة القليلة المؤمنة الصابرة لعطلت وصارت تراثا.ان الاثر المترتب على تعطيل فريضة الجهاد في سبيل الله كبير غفل عنه الكثير من عامة الناس واستخف به بعضهم لانشغالهم بالمعاصي وحب الدنيواتغافلهم عن اداء الواجبات التي فرضها الله عليهم.وباعتبار ان التخلف عن الجهاد من المسائل الابتلائية المعاصرة التي نعيش اثرهواكوارثها على الدين والفرد والمجتمع، اردت في هذه الدراسة ان ابين من هم المتخلفون عن الجهاد في سبيل الله وما هي صفاتهم التي ذكرها القران الكريم واكدها الحديث الشريف، وما هي اسباب تخلفهم عن الجهاد واثاره في الدنيواالاخرة، واعني هنا الجهاد بالنفس والمال اذهمرافيقان لا يفترقان، فالنفس والمال اعز ما يملك الانسان وغالبا ما يشح ويبخل بهما. | The striving in the sake of Allah is a necessity of religion necessities and Allah's law Almighty to raise the word of Islam, set up its provisions, and eliminate of oppression and tyranny. Allah said in The Holy Quran (So why is it, that you do not fight in the way of Allah, and for the abased among men, women, and children who say : 'Our Lord, bring us out from this village whose people are harmdoers, and give to us a guardian from You, and give to us a helper from You)And leaving this duty leads to the destruction of the religion, blew it out of its bases, empower the enemies of Islam, shed them on Muslims, make corruption in the earth and destroy plowing and offspring. Who lock at the conditions of the Islamic nation today and their weakness in faith, go with the temptations of this world and weakness all that resulted to the absence of this duty of Muslims mind. Were it not for the presence of the fewer patients who believe in this duty, it have become disrupted and have become a heritage.The consequence of crippling the striving duty in the sake of Allah is major, many the public have overlooked it and underestimated it by some for their preoccupation with sin and temptations of this world and them regardless of the duty mad by Allah.The crippling the striving duty consider as one of modern anguish issues that we live its consequences and effects on religion, personal and society. I wanted in this thesis to bring to light who is crippling of striving duty in the sake of Allah and thems characteristics mentioned in Holy Quran and Confirmed by the Hadith, and the reasons behind them crippling of striving and its effects on this live and the lastI mean by striving in this thesis the Self - striving and Money considering these tow as along together not get apart, self and money are best of a person have and mostly be scrimp by them.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الحديث
السنة: 2018
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: مياس ضياء باقر القزويني
اسم المؤلف: حسناء عبد الجبار علي الموسوي

اليات الاتساق والانسجام في القران الكريم : قصة النبي موسى عليه السلام مثالا Cohesion and Coherence in the Koran : Astory of Moses as a Modle

المستخلص: This study is concerned witht cohesion and coherence in the Koran in which a story of Moses is selected as a model for analysis .This work studies the theory text .It also tackles the development of this theory in which it consider as the final stage of linguistics .Several scholars tackle this this theory such as De Bougrand , Halliday and Hassan , Van Dijk , Afeefei and Khadab .The ancient Arabic Scholars paid heed to this theory .It can be noticed when this theory is traced in Arabic culture . It can be evidently appears in their works .The study also tackles the notions of cohesion and coherence( definitions ,principles , approaches and aims ). Figuring out the coherence and the cohesion elements in the text of Koran , specifically in the story of Mose. The study reveals a new interpretation to the story of Mose in accordance with the concepts of cohesion and coherence in which it can be accepted .The study consists of three chapters . First chapter is intended to present the outline of the study. It, in consequence, will introduce the problem around which the study revolves, the main objectives of the study, its hypotheses, the procedures followed to fulfill its objectives, in addition to the limitations this study will abide by and finally its significance.Chapter Two deals with the theoretical aspects related to the cohesion .it also pinpoints them in the data under the study .Chapter Three sheds light on the theoretical aspects related to the coherence . it reveals them in the data under the study . Several results are displayed through the discussion of the findings .Finally, conclusions are drawn and further studies are suggested in the same variety.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: كربلاء
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم القران
السنة: 2018
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: مؤيد جاسم محمد حسين
اسم المؤلف: احمد شهاب حمد

احكام الاستئذان في الفقه الاسلامي : دراسة مقارنة Provisions of the authorization In Islamic jurisprudence (A comparative study)

المستخلص: Islamic law is complementary to the heavenly laws, and it is found for the happiness of human beings and taking them out from darkness to light. For this reason, man has embarked upon all that he needs in achieving these lofty goals and objectives of his existence. Among the provisions of Islam is the preservation of human rights and it is peculiarities. Islam forbids infringement of these rights and property and disposed of their legitimate owners and collect their satisfaction in that conduct (Interpretation of the meaning of Islamic Law). The man topics of this study are the definition of the interpretation, the statement of the relevant words, and the exposure to it is legitimacy.The study also sheds light on its effects in society and at all levels and fields. The study also mentioned the jurisprudential rules related to the study of the Quran and the sunnah of the prophet Muhammad (peace and blessing be upon him and his household). the study also mentions the provisions of the authorization in the Islamic schools, mentioned the areas of agreement and difference in some of the issues included in the jurisprudence door . Researcher : Abbas Abd Al Ameer Muhammad sadiq University of Karbala
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: كربلاء
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم الاسلامية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: حسين كاظم عزيز خوير
اسم المؤلف: عباس عبد الامير محمد صادق الشيباني

الاراء المعاصرة في فقه المراة : المستحدثات الطبية انموذجا The Contemporary Opinions in Woman Jurisprudence Medical Inventions As An Example

المستخلص: The thesis " The Contemporary Opinions in Woman Jurisprudence - Medical Inventions As An Example" included four chapters and an epilogue. The first chapter of which is entitled "The Rank of the Woman and Her Basic Role in Islam". It included three sections, the first discussed the Woman and her status in the humanitarian societies in Pre - Islamic periods, the second section is a discussion about who the woman is in Islam as considered an elevated individual who has a role in creating the generations and raising them. As for the third section, the researcher tackled in it the rights of the woman that can help her perform her basic duties.In the second chapter the researcher discussed the medical inventions concerning contraceptives and the jurisprudential opinions concerning that matter. The first section of which is a discussion about using the medicines that prevent the woman's period, and the second section is about the use of contraceptives, as for the third section, it is dedicated for discussing surgeries that prevent pregnancy.In the third chapter "The Invented ways for Pregnancy and its Jurisprudential Rules", the researcher discussed within its first section the Artificial Impregnation and the legislative opinion related to this matter. In the second section, the study tackled the artificial womb and the substitute human womb and the opinions of the jurists concerning that matter. As for the third section, it is a discussion about preserving sperms and eggs and the rule concerning using them after death. Then came the fourth section which included a discussion related to human cloning.The fourth chapter is dedicated for the discussion of plastic surgeries of woman and the legislative opinion concerning that matter. This chapter included four sections, the first of which included the definition of plastic surgeries and its historical evolution, the second chapter is about the legalization of this type of surgeries, the third is dedicated for mentioning the types of plastic surgeries and the opinion about them in the light of the reason that lies behind doing this type of surgery, then came the fourth section which concerns the legislative regulations of the plastic surgeries.Finally, in the epilogue, the researcher indicated the special rank given to a woman in Islam through going through its legislative texts and its rule that came in the Holy Quran and the Prophetic tradition and the opinion of the jurists and the religious authorities related to the medical inventions related to women
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: النجف
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم الاسلامية
السنة: 2013
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: شهرزاد عبد الكريم توفيق النعيمي
اسم المؤلف: ايفاد طالب محمد حسن شكر

منهجية التخطيط في تنمية الابداع من المنظور الاسلامي : دراسة فكرية mathadology planning in Development creation from Islam viwer of view thoughtful study

المستخلص: The idea of planning appeared the early time of founding Islamic state in Al - Madina Al - Munawara by prophet Muhammed (PBUH) when he set true and practical plans since the beginning of prophecy up to its end .He set targets ,priority and needs to achieve aim due to legality of mild sharia.While I was studying planning and creation according to Islamic point of view . I was many signs in the holy Quran and Sunna hadiths which are so clear about creative planning .Good planning requires suitable thoughts , logic and real events .We recommend to study Islamic culture to know about famous Islamic figures in different aspects of life . Holding conferences and seminars. Starting training classes and workshops in universities and research centers about planning and developing creative thoughts for the society .Educational foundations should pay more attention to improve the ability of their official to be on the truck .Finally , it would like to think all people who stood with me and give me a hand in the subject .Ahmed Al - NuaymiIn the name of Allah , the most gracious and the most compassionatePraise by to Almighty Allah and peace be upon his messenger plisses be upon his household esteem followers .Achieving success in any field of the require creative planning . It is the best way to specify the target by either a person or an organization to make decisions and start projects . This must be go together with creed thoughtful planning represented by faith and destiny and true dependence upon almighty Allah , Islam encourages us to set creative plans in all fields of life .Planning in the result of creation which lead to activity , production and efficiency in performance. Creative planning is the essential entrance to improve organizations and other foundations in any country . Absence of a creative planning leads to failure.Our religion Islam , urges us to you our brains and give them an opportunity to plan and create a new thoughts .There is a great connection between and creation this subject consist of : Introduction , four chapters and conclusion .The first chapter deals with regular planning , its importance , subjective , kinds , factor , obstacles and fundamental planning in Islam , Its legality from the Quran , Sunnah and dependence books .The second chapter explain the meaning of planning and its importance , Phases , levels , theories
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الموضوع الدقيق: اصول الدين
السنة: 2018
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: رعد حميد توفيق البياتي
اسم المؤلف: احمد صالح احمد النعيمي

مباحـث الالـهيات في ضـوء تـفسيـر ابـن عـرفـة : دراسة مقارنة Interpretation of Ibn Arafa (Comparative studies)

المستخلص: All praises are due to Allah We praise Him We Seek His help We seek His forgiveness and we seek His guidance. This study deals with goddesses research in terms of interprctation of IbnArafa / comparative study . Ibn Arafa : Muhammed bin Muhammed bin Arafa AL - Warghamy , ideologica / Maliki , the place of his birth is Tunis in 716A.H . Ibn Arafa was born in a very stable political period under the authority of AL - Hafsiahstate , received his first education by his father who was very Famous at that time. Then , he took his education from other scholars of his time.He administrated the schooling and spent his life in service of science . He Wrote Many refereuces in different fields of (IbnArafa interpretation ) which spread in different aread of Islamic world.IbnArafa was died in 802 A.H . The present thesis consists of three chapters and the results of the study . In introduction : The thesis presents the importance of the to pic and the reasous of selection of this study and the previous studies and the difficulties which face the researcher during the period of writing . Then pedogogical concepts and the plan of this study.The First chapter shows the era of AL - Immam Ibn Arafa and his scientific and personal life ,Morever , this chapter also shows the interpretation of the research and its references . The Second chapter is considered the Most importance chapter in the study . This chapter is divided into two subcategories , the first shows the points of views of AL - Immam IbnArafa in faith of Allah and the relations between surface structure and deep structure . The second category includes the oneness of Allah . The third chapter indicates qualities and deeds at Allah which are adopted by IbnArafa . This chapter into six sub categories because of its necessity .So , this chapter includes qualities types meaning qualities , predicated qualities , Allah,s speech , fate and destiny , the results May be the thesis dealt with . The imam Ibn 'Arafa (may Allaah have mercy on him) proved the personal and actual qualities without distinguishing between them in saying that they are silent. In the attribute of speaking to Allaah, he said that it is one meaning, an old one, not a letter or a voice. The old, and the vision of God has a reward of mind in the Hereafter for the believers without a body and no interview or how. It is obligatory to carry the word of Allah, and the words of His Messenger (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) on the apparent initiative of the mind with the purity in the attributes of God (Almighty) that the similarity characteristics of the qualities of the creatures, and this rule is not specific qualities, but also others.I ask Allah to forgive me for My shortcomings and to guide Me to the straight path
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: العقائد
السنة: 2017
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: وضاح كافــي حــلــومــي
اسم المؤلف: مــحــمــد عادل مــســعــود مــحــمــد

الصيرفة الاسلامية واثرها في انشاء سوق مالية اسلامية Islamic Banking and its effect on establishing an Islamic financial market

المستخلص: These studies focus on several aspects of Islamic banking and the challenges it faces in the context of the contemporary reality in which it is operating. It deals with the state of the market and the transactions taking place in it, and the role of banks in the establishment and development of the Islamic financial market; It is known that the financial markets are revolving with banks and non - existent, money markets are one of the most important areas developed in dealing with all the channels in which money flows between different sectors of society and its members, and is concerned with the banking industry aimed at developing Find alternatives, and address developments.Since the success and evolution of the financial markets, depends closely on the diversity and evolution of the financial instruments in circulation; it is called for : intensifying efforts, coordinating them and promoting the development and creation of Islamic financial instruments, in accordance with Sharia law. , which expands and activates the Islamic financial market; It is activated and activated. It complements and contributes to the development of Islamic banking, on the one hand, and works to boost economic growth in Islamic countries on the other.As the local banking arena is witnessing, regional, and international, is a huge development in the Islamic banking industry, in the form of the creation of Islamic banks, or by turning some banks into Islamic banking, as well as providing many Local and international banks of Islamic Banking services, besides the services of the traditional bank, this development in the Islamic banking market has been accompanied by a similar development in Islamic means of investment provided to customers in Islamic banks; to arrive Currently more than 20 investment instruments used by Islamic banks.Hence the need to highlight the role that Islamic banks can play in supporting Islamic financial markets. and development; it is one of the most important investment outlets that absorb its surplus liquidity and provide it with sufficient cash at Need, and fund their projects and ideas
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد الاسلامي
السنة: 2017
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
اسم المشرف: احمد سامي شوكت اركان يوسف حالوب
اسم المؤلف: جمال مهدي صالح

السلطة القضائية ودورها في الالزام بالاحكام الشرعية نماذج تطبيقية : دراسة مقارنة Jurisdiction and the extent of its authority in applying Sharia rulings between applicants and those who are late A comparative study

المستخلص: In the name of of Allah the MercifulThe jurisprudence in the religion of God is the greatest and so yes to God on his slaves, according to the student of jurisprudence the prphet said (peace be upon him) : (who responds to God good understanding of religion.The word of the people of science has agreed unanimously that the most honorable science and the greatest of good and useful, the science of jurisprudence and the blessings of the blessed and blessed by the security of the student science that the people who ask forgiveness of angels, even whales in the sea.And the hope to be included in this great credit and good general I chose an important jurisprudential issue of the doors of Islamic jurisprudence, which is the door of the judiciary, this magnificent door, whose owner stands on the brink of fire.Ibn Daqeeq al - 'Eid (may Allaah have mercy on him) said : "The symptoms of the Muslims are a hole from the pits of the fire and two groups of modern people and the rulers stood on their lips".After consultation with the people of credit from my teachers, may God have mercy on them all, the option was signed to the following address : the judicial authority and the extent of its authority in the application of the legal provisions between applicants and late - - a comparative study.It is not afraid of any one of the people, as well as the scholars of what occupies the position of the judiciary of the status of high, and high status, especially with its dissolution of disputes, and the lifting of disputes, and the establishment of rights, and the payment of grievances, and the establishment of borders and alienations.There is no doubt that there is a need for renewed study of this important subject, because the judiciary is not free from the need for a time or place, noting the frequent developments and facts to eliminate the word chapter.The nature of the research on this subject required that the thesis be in an introduction, four chapters and a conclusion.BAs for the introduction, it showed the importance of the subject, the reasons for its selection, and the researcher's plan and methodology in the research.The research methodology is based on the following : - I mentioned the Quranic verses mentioned in the research by mentioning the name of the surah and the number of the verse. - I have completed the conversations and the effects contained in the folds of the thesis, if I found it in the correct, or in one of them, I mentioned the part, the page, and the number of the Hadith or the impact, the book and the door, although others reported the rule of Hadith and impact of the books of graduation as much as energy and energy. - mention the evidence of the jurisprudential question if any of its parachutes. - Adopted in the transfer of each doctrine on its original sources, and did not transfer the issue of none of the books of their owners. - When mentioning the source or reference for the first time write the name of the book, and then the name of the author only short, but I will mention in detail in the glossary of sources and references. - I explained the strange word of the lexicons of language and jurisprudence, mentioning the doctrinal terminology of the books of doctrines and books of definitions of terminology. - We mention in every question the jurisprudence of the sayings of the jurists and some of the evidence, because the expansion in the mention of evidence will expand the research very disproportionate to the purposes of the title of the subject to highlight the role of the judiciary. - I have done my best in reviewing the sayings of the jurists, so that they will come forward and present them with the help of the writings of our contemporary scholars in order to reach the correct view according to the situation and the energy. - As to the conclusion, I briefly mentioned the main findings and the proposals I have reached. - Names of sources and references in the last search according to the alphabet
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الموضوع الدقيق: الفقه المقارن
السنة: 2018
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: جمال ابراهيم حمادي
اسم المؤلف: فاضل محسن صيهود

الاحاديث الواردة في تفسير التسهيل لعلوم التنزيل لابن جزي الغرناطي : دراسة وتخريجا من سورة الصافات الى اخر سورة الناس Conversations contained in the interpretation ( Facility for Science download) to the son rewarded Granada - Study and Takrija - from Saaffat to another Surah people

المستخلص: And prayer and peace be upon God's mercy mission to the worlds and his family and his companions and followers and followed them until the Day of religion, who raised Manar guidance and carried the banner of the year and Oalo like the novel and surrounded the sayings of the prophet fencing of the maintenance and care Vnfoa by misrepresentation Algalin and impersonating wrongdoers and interpretation of the ignorant.After : is not done wrong in the hands of his successor by God guides those who follow His good pleasure to ways of peace and brings them out of the darkness into the light with his permission, and guide them to the straight path.Then all the Almighty to His Messenger secretary illustrate this bookThe Koran treasure Asfha every era of his tools to take what he could from Jawahrh and Drrh, which gave the more Asttar cream,.2The different authors phrases and crafting of the texts and their dependence on different evidence from the Quran and Sunnah and scholarly and assets of interpretation known to have contributed effectively in our need for science concerned with these compositions on the one hand externalized and adjust the read and judge the evidence and the interpretation of some of its expression in a modern style fits with an understanding of people and their needs.Hence the importance of science graduation and study the grounds, which means a statement of out modern Moadah of it, and the study, evidence of extensive study governs from which to speak, and this flag meant all the arts people talk has been interested in studying the sayings of the books of fiqh, assets and faith, history and even wrote chips, literature and other of ancient and modern science, it was written explanation frontrunner in this section scientists have expressed their interest in books of interpretation arose, scholars study the conversations contained therein and externalizedIt is for this not complete the honor of the nation, but the Holy Quran and Sunnah The work of the commentators for this travel and their Tafseers Vnaloa honor precession rounded to two flags sketching two Tafsir and Hadith Both are school graduating imams workers and scientists dedicated on the back of these simple old The newly until God inherits the earth and them.A committee of professors virtuous entrusted me to study and the graduation of the conversations contained in the interpretation of3Ibn rewarded service for this book Galilee. Hence we recognize the importance of this great effort made it the world mark / The book "The easing of science download," wrote the task of interpretation, and you who won the honor, it was my share is the study and the graduation of the conversations contained in the interpretation of Ibn rewarded from Saaffat to Surat people and this is something that from God by Ali, he has created ways to forensic science and pleased me his ways and Ovgueni to join Besroha and tapping into the headwaters, at the hands of his family and his campaign from the Senate and professors adults.Importance of the issue and the reasons for his choice : It is summarized as follows : .1contribute to the Sunnah service, which is one of the strongest pieces of evidence cited by commentators in the course of their interpretation of the Qur'anic text.Scientific 2.agaymh of the book, which for the Islamic sciences for it.Scientific stature and fame among scientists.3alohedit in the interpretation of the "Son rewarded" need to study and graduate as the author had a care in clarifying the Quranic text without studying the conversations of care..4For the benefit and the benefit of the people of forensic science students.Research Methodology : 4Systematic research is as follows : .1According to the chatter in the interpretation of Ibn rewarded..2According to the imams directors to talk order of precedence in the deaths..3Talk to attribute its Mazan receipt in detail..4What Narrated by sheikhs or one of them. Limited to just mentioned, referring to the book and the door and talk and part number and the page. Men without attribution study or judgment. An agreement on the health of the nation contained therein..5study of men backing and translation them cite his name and surname and his fame and his scholarly wound and an amendment. It was correct in his novel was confined mostly to the book : Reagent and rounding. As well as the agreed documented. The narrators who disagreed imams in documenting and Tgeraham, it has proceeded to a multitude of sources. And who repeated his translation referred to as a pre - translated..6rule on the talk. Based on agreed rules of modern science. Citing as seen by the provisions of the imams on each interview..7explain the strange words contained in the Hadith and showed its meaning..8jokes reported some conversations that need to release..9According to the evidence and follow - ups to talk, if any.The research plan : 5The message consists of an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion and indexesAnd discussed in detail as follows : Introduction : It included the subject of the book and its importance, and the reasons for choosing the topic and research plan.Chapter One : Definition Son rewarded and the three InvestigationSection I : Definition Son rewarded and the five demands : First requirement : his name and lineage and his nickname and surname.The second requirement : Birth and upbringing.Third requirement : his scientific career.Fourth requirement : his works.Muttalib V : his death.The second topic : the definition and interpretation of his book in which four demandsThe first requirement : the reason for naming his book with : (easing Science download)The second requirement : the motive behind the formation son rewarded for this interpretationThird requirement : his method of interpretation.Fourth requirement : copies of the book and editions.6The third section and the two demands : First requirement : curriculum son rewarded in the inferred talkThe second requirement : definition of the Hadith : Approach son rewarded in the inferred talking.Chapter II : the study and the graduation of chatter coming from Saaffat to the Resurrection and the three topics : First topic : the study and graduation Alaha
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الحديث
السنة: 2017
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: مجيد حميد ناصر المشهداني
اسم المؤلف: احمد هاشم علوان طبرة

اراء الامام ابن جزئ الغرناطي العقدية : دراسة مقارنة

الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: اصول الدين
السنة: 2018
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: سلام مجيد فاخر
اسم المؤلف: حيدر غالب محمد العنبكي

اختيارات سعيد حوى وترجيحاته في كتابه الاساس في التفسير Said Hawi's choices and his interpretations in his book The Basis of Interpretation

المستخلص: من خلال عنوان الرسالة يتضح ان مضمونها يدور حول الاقوال المختارة والراجحة لدى الشيخ سعيد حوى(1409ه)، التي تضمنها تفسيره( الاساس في التفسير)، والتي توصل اليها عن طريق استدلاله بمجموعة من ادلة الترجيح المعتمدة عند جميع المفسرين في اقوالهم الراجحة، وكذلك عن طريق مجموعة من الفاظ الترجيح الصريحة وغير الصريحة، التي اوردها في عبارات تفسيره.وكانت دراستي لهذه الاختيارات والترجيحات، من خلال جمعهوادراستهوامناقشتها مع اختيارات وترجيحات العلماء والمفسرين ممن سبقه وتبعه، وفق قوة الدليل الي يستدل به المفسرون، ووفق القواعد الترجيحية التي اعتمدوها في تفاسيرهم، فمرة اتوافق مع الشيخ سعيد حوى فيما يذهب اليه في ترجيحه، ومرة اشكل عليه في ترجيحه، وفق ما يظهر لي من ادلة، فخلف الدليل اجد ضالتي، فتراني دائما الهث وراء الدليل الصحيح، للوصول الى ارجح الاقوال واقربها الى الصواب، مع الاهتمام بابراز القواعد التفسيرية والوجوه الترجيحية قدر الامكان. بطريقة علمية تبين للقارئ مراد الله في الاية - بقدر الطاقة البشرية - ، وتوفر عليه عناء البحث في امهات كتب التفاسير ليصل اليه معنى الاية بصورة موجزة مقننة تقوم على الادلة الصحيحة باذن الله تعالى.وخطتي في البحث تشتمل على مقدمة، وثلاث فصول، وخاتمة. • المقدمة : وتضمنت : اهداف البحث، اهمية الموضوع واسباب اختياره، وصعوبات البحث، وحدود الدراسة، واهم الدراسات السابقة حول الموضوع، والمنهج المتبع في كتابة البحث.• الفصل الاول (التمهيدي) : وتضمن هذا الفصل : ترجمة موجزة عن حياة المفسر الشيخ (سعيد حوى).واسم تفسيره وسبب تاليفه ومكانته العلمية ومنهجه فيه.• الفصل الثاني : وتضمن هذا الفصل : التعريف بالاختيار والترجيح والفرق بينهموافائدتهموامحل وقوعهما. وصيغ واساليب الترجيح التي استعملها الشيخ في اختياراته وترجيحاته . وادلة ووجوه الترجيح التي اعتمدها الشيخ في ترجيحاته.• الفصل الثالث : وتضمن هذا الفصل : اختيارات وترجيحات الشيخ سعيد حوى في تفسيره.• الخاتمة : عرضت فيها بعض الاستنتاجات وبعض التوصيات.ان دراسة موضوع الترجيحات والاختيارات في التفسير، وبيان الصحيح من الاقوال وتحديد الراجح منها هو السبيل الامثل لتنقية كتب التفسير من رديء الاقاويل، وضعيف الروايات، وشواذ المسائل، وهذه التنقية من اهم ما ينبغي ان يعتني به اهل العلم المتخصصون؛ حتى يقوموا بواجب النصح للمسلمين، بتعليمهم معاني كلام الله تعالى على الوجه الاكمل.ولله الحمد والمنه، وصلى الله على رسولنا محمد وعلى اله وصحبه وسلم. | Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, and prayers and peace be upon the master of all creatures, our Prophet Muhammad and his family and companions and those who followed them with charity until the Day of Judgment. This is a summary of the scientific thesis, to obtain the degree of doctorate in the science of the Koran and entitled : (Said Hawi's choices and his interpretations in his book " The Basis of Interpretation"). Researcher name : Rasool Taha Khalaf Ayed Al Obeidi.Supervised by : Dr. mahmood abd al - lattef Through the title of the letter it is clear that the content revolves around the words chosen and most likely by Sheikh Said Hawi (1409 e), which included his interpretation (the basis of interpretation), which he obtained by using a set of weighting guides adopted by all the interpreters in their statements, A set of explicit and unambiguous words of weight, which he cited in the terms of his interpretation. The study of these choices and aspirations, through the collection and study and discussion with the choices and the calamities of scientists and interpreters of the previous and followed, according to the strength of evidence to be interpreted by the interpreters, and according to the rules adopted in their interpretations, once I agree with Sheikh Saeed Hawi in what goes to him in the swing, I have always sought to follow the correct evidence, to reach the most accurate and the closest to the right, with the interest to highlight the rules of interpretation and faces as much as possible. In a scientific way, the reader shows Murad Allah in the verse - as much as human energy - , and provides him with the trouble to search the mothers of the books of interpretations to reach the meaning of the verse in a concise manner based on the correct evidence, God willing. My research plan includes an introduction, three chapters, and a conclusion. Introduction : The objectives of the research, the importance of the subject and the reasons for selection, and difficulties of research, and limits of study, and the most important previous studies on the subject, and the methodology used in writing the research. The first chapter (introductory) : This chapter includes : a brief translation of the life of the interpreter Sheikh (Said Hawi). The name of its interpretation and the reason for its composition, scientific status and methodology. Chapter II : This chapter includes : the definition of selection and weight, the difference between them and their usefulness and place of occurrence. And the formulas and methods of weighting used by the Sheikh in his choices and his apprehensions. And the evidence and weighting factors adopted by the Sheikh in his weight. Chapter III : This chapter included : choices and assumptions Sheikh Saeed Hawi in his interpretation. Conclusion : Some conclusions and some recommendations were presented. The study of the subject of weights and choices in interpretation, and the correct statement of the words and the most correct of them is the best way to purify the books of interpretation of the poor rumors, and weak stories, and issues of questions, and this purification is the most important to be cared for by the specialists of the specialists; so they do the duty of advice to Muslims, By teaching them the meanings of the word of God in the fullest way. Praise be to God, and blessings and peace be upon our Messenger Muhammad and his family and companions
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الموضوع الدقيق: التفسير
السنة: 2018
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: محمود عبد اللطيف حمد الشمري
اسم المؤلف: رسول طه خلف عايد العبيدي

حكام فقهية مستنبطة من سورة التوبة : دراسة فقهية مقارنة The provisions of jurisprudence derived from Surah al tawba

المستخلص: Praise be to Allah the (SWT) we praise him and thank him, thank to Allah no one else, And Prayer and greetings be upon the messenger and the mercy to the worlds with guidance and the religion of truth Harbinger calling people and illuminating guides. Mohamed (peace be upon him) and his family who inspired by his guidance and walked on his approach to religion.But after : I will discuss in this thesis : the "jurisprudence derived from Surat Al tawba),Jurisprudence has received in this sura is particularly important that the science of Jurisprudence is one of the most importantlegitimate sciences and most proud,And that knowledge and understanding of science of Jurisprudence and legitimate provisions is a duty on the Muslim rational adult,There are many Quranic verses and Hadith Sharif urging Muslims to learn the rules of this holy science : Allah said by "meaning" (and it not for the believers to go forth {to battle} all at once . for there should separate from every division of them a group {remaining} to obtain understanding in the religion and warn their people when they return to them that they might be cautious.) And what is true for the Prophet (peace be upon him) : that he said((When Allah wishes good for someone, He bestows upon him the understanding of religion))(1) Al shafee said ( If someone realize Jurisprudence science in Quran as text and inference Allah helps him to say and work by what he learned : Won the virtue in his religion and worldly affair,And eliminated aboutsuspicions and illuminate necessitated in religion prayer position1 - Al - Bukhari and Muslim In conclusion, I made in my letter, I do not claim perfection because the message remains viable human job wrong or right so what was true then is from Allah and what was wrong, it was me and Satan and forgiveness of Allah it is forgiving, merciful.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الفقه المقارن
السنة: 2018
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: محمد محمود عبود العيساوي
اسم المؤلف: ايمان صباح نعمة

احكام الكلام في الفقه الاسـلامي العبادات والاحوال الشخصية انموذجا : دراسة فقهية مقارنة Provisions of speech in Islamic jurisprudence In acts of worship and personal status (A comparative study

الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الفقه المقارن
السنة: 2017
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: سعدي خلف مطلب الجميلي
اسم المؤلف: نادية صباح حسين شلال

احكام الفقه السياسي في ضوء السيرة النبوية The provisions of political jurisprudence in the light of the Prophet's biography

الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم الاسلامية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: صلاح حميد عبد العيساوي
اسم المؤلف: مهند سعد قاسم سعيد العبيدي

احكام الجينوم البشري في الفقه الاسلامي

المستخلص: حاولت في رسالتي هذه التطرق الى مسائل الجينوم البشري، والالمام ببعض جوانبه العلمية، والفقهية، وانا بصدد استكمال متطلبات الحصول على درجة الماجستير.وكان من اهم اسباب اختيار الموضوع كمادة للبحث، والدراسة هي الضرورة الملحة للاسهام ببيان الاحكام، والاثار الشرعية لمجالات الجينوم البشري ،لاضفاء الحكم الشرعي على جوانب الموضوع كاساس للتعامل معه، وبيان حدود الجائز، وغير الجائز من مسائله ،والاثار المترتبة على احكامه.بالاضافة الى اظهار كمال الشريعة، واستيعابها لكل مستحدث، وملائمتها لكل جيل بما يغطي جميع ضرورات، وحاجات الناس، مع بيان ما يتصف به الفقه الاسلامي من القوة، والسعة، والقدرة على مسايرة المستجدات، والمتغيرات مهما كانت، ومواكبة التطور في نتائج البحوث النظرية، والعلمية في المجالات الوراثية، والاستفادة من البحوث العلمية، والشرعية السابقة المتعلقة بفقه النوازل في هذه المسالة.وفيما يتعلق بمنهج الدراسة ففي الجوانب الوراثية، والطبية برز المنهج الاستعراضي الوصفي، اما في الجانب الشرعي فغلب عليه الجانب الاستقرائي. وقد تم التركيز على الاساسيات المهمة للجينوم البشري، والتعريف بماهيته، والاحكام المتعلقة بدراسة هذا العلم المهم، واثره الاقتصادي في الفصل الاول، وبما ان مسائل الجينوم البشري هي وقائع مستحدثة تطرق ابوابا جديدة لم يسبق لاهل الفقه ان تعرضوا لها من قبل, وهذه المسائل تترتب عليها احكام شرعية عديدة, لهذا فان التجارب، والدراسات، والبحوث الجينومية يتوجب خضوعها للضوابط الشرعية ، الى جانب الضوابط العلمية التي يقررها المختصين بعلوم الوراثة، وهذا يحتم على علماء الامة الاسلامية لزوم اخذ المبادرة، او المساهمة ؛ لتصحيح وضع الابحاث الجينومية، وتاسيسهوافقا للاصول العقدية، والدينية، والاخلاقية، وتنقيحها مما علق بها من الشوائب، والمفاسد، وسائر الشبهات .والفصل الثاني تم تخصيصه لمجالات الجينوم البشري، واهم احكامها ؛ ولكون هذه النازلة متجددة الوقائع ؛ يتوجب النظر لها بحسب ميزان المصالح، والمفاسد، والنفع، والضرر.كما انه لا يصح اعطاء حكم عام للفحص الجينومي، بل يتوجب تقسيمه على مسائل، فالفحص الجينومي الاختياري بالنسبة للمقبلين على الزواج جائز شرعا ، فيما يكون الالزام القانوني بالفحص جائزا ، ولكن ليس على اطلاقه، ومع وجوب الحفاظ على سرية معلومات الفحوصات الجينومية ، لكن لها مدى تحدده اعتبارات عدة يتغير على اثرها الحكم الشرعي لافشاء سر الفحص الجينومي من الحرمة الى الوجوب، او الجواز.وتم التوصل الى مشروعية المسح الجينومي الوقائي بشرط ان تكون الوسائل المستعملة مباحة، وامنة لا تضر بالانسان، كما ظهر جواز الفحص الجينومي قبل غرس البويضات الملقحة مع مراعاة جميع الشروط الخاصة بالتلقيح الصناعي.اما في مجال للعلاج الجينومي فله اعتباران : احدهما عام من حيث المقصود منه، وهو اعتباره علاجا للامراض الوراثية، فيطبق عليه من حيث المبدا، الحكم الشرعي التكليفي للعلاج، والثاني : اعتبار الالية التي يتم اجراؤه فيها من حيث التدخل في اصلاح الخلايا المصابة، او ادخال شيء فيها لهذا الغرض، والظاهر اباحة هذا النوع من العلاج وفق الضوابط الشرعية.وفي الفصل الثالث تم دراسة التدخل الجينومي بانواعه التشخيصية، والعلاجية، والتحسينية؛ للتوصل لاحكامه، وتبين ان حكم التدخل التشخيصي الجينومي يختلف باختلاف وقت اجرائه، اما مسالة اثره في اجهاض الجنين المشوه فهي خلافية ،واختارت الباحثة مسلك التوقف عن ابداء راي فقهي فيها ،فيمراات ان اختيار جنس الجنين مباح بالجزء.والتدخل الجينومي في الخلايا البشرية الجسدية يحتمل فى النظر الشرعي القول بجوازه بقصد العلاج بشرط ارتقاء الصورة للاعتبار الشرعي عن طريق الموازنة بين المفاسد القائمة، او المتوهمة، والمصالح المرجوة من هذا التدخل، ذلك ان المعالجة الجينية للخلايا الجسدية ليس لها اي مردود على خط الخلايا التناسلية ،او اختلاط الانساب، لكن تعاطيها لغير مقاصد التداوي، كالمعالجات الجينية التجميلية لا ينهض بها للاعتبار الشرعي في ضوء ما تحتمله من مخاطر تفوق فوائدها.اما الخلايا البشرية التناسلية فهي توابع للابضاع والاصل فيها التحريم، واحتياط الشارع عند المساس بها، حتى ولو لاجل المقصد العلاجي ومن ثم فالاحكام فيها تناط بالخصوص، وذلك حال تضمن العلاج لحذف جين، اما حال اضافة جين بشري من شخص اخر فلواجه للنظر في اباحتها، ولو للمقاصد العلاجية، لتاثر النسل، والنسب بذلك. وتحسين النسل رغم انه مطلب شرعي الا ان اقترانه بوسائل التدخل الجينومي في الخلايا التناسلية البشرية مرفوض فى النظر الشرعي، ففي حال حذف الجينات تعوزه المقاصد المعتبرة شرعا لاباحة هذا التدخل، مع ما يكتنفه من مخاطر، وفي حال اضافة جينات لشخص اخر يصطدم بحرمة اختلاط الانساب المعلومة بالضرورة.وفي الفصل الرابع تم التوصل الى ان البصمة الجينية تعد ادق وسيلة معاصرة لاثبات هوية الشخص، وهي وسيلة لا تكاد تخطئ في التحقق من الوالدية البيولوجية، والتحقق من الشخصية، وهذه هي الميزة التي جعلتها ادق وسيلة لاثبات هوية الشخص ، وهو تم استثماره في مجال اثبات الجرائم، واثبات النسب على اختلاف احكامهما.ختاما هذه اهم النتائج التي خلصت اليها في هذه الدراسة، وهذا جهد المقل، يعتريه النقص، فما كان فيها من صواب فمن الله وما كان فيها من خطا فمني، واستغفر الله | Thank God the Lord of the Worlds and the prayers and peace on the seal of prophets and the messengers our Prophet Muhammad .In my letter I tried to address the issues of the human genome, familiarity with some of its scientific and jurisprudential aspects, and I am in the process of completing the requirements for a master's degree.The most important reason for selecting the topic as a subject for research and study is the urgent need to contribute to the statement of judgments and the legitimate effects of the human genome, to give to rule on the aspects of the topic as a basis for dealing with it, to indicate the limits of the permissible, the impermissible issues and the implications of its provisions.In addition to showing the perfection of the Shariah, its absorption for every novelty, and its suitability for each generation, covering all necessities and needs of the people, with an indication of the jurisprudence of the Islamic power, capacity, the ability to keep abreast of developments, the variables no matter what, and keep up with the evolution in the results of theoretical and scientific research in Genetic areas, the use of scientific research, and the previous jurisprudence on the doctrine of the issue in this matter.The approach to study in the genetic and medical aspects of the descriptive review approach, the legitimate aspect was dominated by the inductive side.The researcher in chapter I tried to focus on the important basics of human genome, the definition of what it is, and the provisions for studying this science important, and its economic impact, and since human genome issues are novel facts that have touched upon new doors that have never been before the people of Fiqh. And this The issues have many legal provisions, Therefore, experiments, studies and genomic research must be subject to the legal controls, along with the scientific disciplines that determined by the genetics specialists, which makes it imperative for the scholars of the Islamic Ummah to take the initiative, or to contribute; To correct the research situation Genomic, established according to the origins of the nodal, religious, and moral, and refined from the suspended impurities, feats, and other suspicions.Chapter II has been devoted to the areas of the human genome and its most important provisions; This is a regenerate of fact; it has to be considered according to the balance of interests, the feats, the benefit and the damage.It's not right to give a general judgement to the genomic examination; it has to be divided into matters. The optional genomic examination for the future of the marriage is permissible for lack of proof, while the legal obligation to examine is permissible, but not on its release, and the confidentiality of examination information must be preserved The genomic, however, has a range determined by several considerations, the effect of which is the legal provision to disclose the secret of the genomic examination from inviolability to necessity or permissibility.The legality of the preventive genomic survey was reached provided that the means used are permissible and safe and not detrimental to the human being, the genomic examination also appeared before the implantation of fertilized eggs, taking into account all conditions for artificial insemination.In the area of genomic treatment there are two considerations : one general in terms of what is meant to be a treatment of hereditary diseases, which in principle applies the legal provision of therapeutic treatment and the other : consider the mechanism in which to intervene in repairing infected cells, or entering something in them For this purpose, it is apparent that this type of treatment is legalized in accordance with the legal controls.In chapter III, the genomic, therapeutic and diagnostic interferences were examined to reach its provisions, and it was found that the provision the diagnostic intervention of genomic varies at the time of the procedure, and the question of its effect on aborting a deformed foetus is controversial, and the researcher has chosen a course of action to stop expressing a doctrinal opinion In the opinion that the choice of the sex of the foetus is permissible in the part.Genomic interference in the physical human cells is likely to be legitimately considered to be permissible for treatment, provided that the image is considered legitimate through balancing of existing or delusional feats, and the desired interests of this intervention, that the genetic treatment of the cells has no results On the line of the reproductive cells, or the mixing of the genealogy, but its use for non-medication purposes, such as cosmetic genetic treatments, is not given due consideration in the light of the risks that outweigh its benefits.Reproductive human cells are the descendants of the parent and the origin of the prohibition, and the street precaution when they are compromised, even for the therapeutic purpose and in particular, the provisions are vested in them, in the event that the treatment to delete Jane is guaranteed, either the addition of a human gene from another person is not considered in pushed, even for purposes Therapeutic, for the influence of offspring, and proportions so.Although it is a legitimate requirement, the improvement of the offspring, coupled with the means of genomic intervention in the human reproductive cells, is rejected in the legal consideration, in the event of the deletion genes that do not have the intent to legalize such interference, with the risks involved, and in the event of the addition of genes to another person who faces the inviolability of genealogy Information necessarily.In chapter IV, it was concluded that the genetic footprint was the most accurate contemporary means of proving the identity of a person, which was not a very wrong way of verifying biological parenthood, the verification of the personality, and this is the advantage that made it the most accurate means of proving the identity of the person, which has been invested in the field of proving crimes, and proving The percentages vary from their provisions.In conclusion, this is the most important outcome of this study, and the right from God and what was wrong it is from me, and Astaghfir Allah.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الفقه المقارن
السنة: 2018
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: اركان يوسف حالوب
اسم المؤلف: حنان شاكر حمود

احاديث الجنة واسباب دخولها في الكتب التسعة : دراسة موضوعية

المستخلص: Chosen praise be to God good of the scientists and the prayer and his the peace on lover Mohammed and on his generous family of house aal'aThaar and his friends the welfares aal'abraar and their blessing on panting and their belief walked and peace of deliveries many throughout the night and the day After : To Allah Heaven introduced. trGybaaAA in her. Between for us divided from ne'ymhaa and hidden meant divided ، increase in the awakening of a desire and the suspense. Therefore so indeed Naim Heaven whatever descriptive ، does not know him e'qwl for that in her blessing benevolent money notifies on mind followed introduces him sharp in situation. Indeed her immortality and stay revolved. In her courage followed misery ، sadnesses followed crying followed. Her delights do not elapse followed ends msraathaa. All what in her the brain amazes and the thought bewitches. The reason closes. The core throw down 0 She is paradise Taabt wTaab ne'ymhaa ، fne'ymhaa remaining and not in transient ، she maneuvered ytl'al'a ، wryHaant thtz.wqSr praising and days of steady. .wfaakht ripe. Wife of Hasna' is beautiful. Many absolutions in place never ، in Hbrt wnDrt ، in high role sound brilliant ttraa'Y for her family just as ytraa'Y the planet aaldry sunken in the horizon. Losing bring good news Allah his glory and his worshipers rose his the rescuers in worship and truthful in produce aalne'ym which exquisite in character her lyjaazyhm on good their statements and their acts ، and making of Allah rose Heaven the place who finds in him the insured slave all what desires him himself from good and appetites left about her in live his the life is approach from Allah rose and his greed in reward and his fears from punishment ، and the paradise creature from creatures Allah as the land and the sky and changes her ، and the generous Quran in several names and her arrived in blessing paradise of the paradise and house of the eternity and the established faithful place and paradises aale'dn and house of the peace 0.Mentioned in the Quran generous and the year is prophetic honorable descriptive and elongated explanation about Heaven and created her and what contains him from rewarding and blessings and prizes for the insured slave ، so Heaven from where the area notifies what expanded him aalsmwaat and the land ، followed the skies intend in the sky which sees her yet the skies the seventh is gathered together ، adequate her from the jinns and the trees and river and the valleys what mind does not notify on bring good news ، so her rivers differs about days of the land ، so instead of from the water occurs in her the wine hit wine of Heaven wine of the land be distinguished about that he bland - tasting followed the brain goes ، and river tjf from the yogurt and the honey ، just as corrodes me on analgesic for insured mshyydt from the pearl and the gold and the silver ، does not cut off in her the food followed the beverage and as to what on you to does him he to is complete us what desires to lac comes on Dishes from gold ، just as corrodes me Heaven on beautiful what the shaahd eye from the trees the permanent vegetable and the shadow 0differs printing inhabitants of Heaven about what was on him in Al - Hayat the life ، fttThr their hearts from feelings of the life from spite and envious and hatred and hatred llGyr ، so in Heaven all them brothers one does not look from them to the other to and lovable his ، followed madder to the good talk the scent come out from their ، and insured in Heaven is the comfortable mind from the worries which shoulders in Al - Hayat become heavy his the life so request of the blessing does not be occupied in or cleaning alleviating and changes her from worries of Al - Hayat the life ، yet lives the comfortable mind reassuring without to their mind feels or aalrhq or the sadness or the despair ، and this comfort extends forever so blessing enters Heaven does not come out from her 'abdaaAAytwHHd ages of the people in Heaven ، so all family Heaven in beginning forms the thirty ، clothes what clothes want from mxaaTt from the natural silk and sweetened baalaastbrq and embellisher in the sarcenet ، and lives in her safely with their husbands ، and the eye intends in their husbands the marked contrast between white and black the tough beauty and composed him her character Allah to reward loves on what welfare in Al - Hayat industrialized from the life ، and straightens on served them lads of honored does what requests from them without argument or discussion
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الحديث
السنة: 2018
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: رائد محمد عبد العبيدي
اسم المؤلف: زينب ابراهيم عبد جلوب

احاديث التقرير التصريحي في الكتب الستة : دراسة موضوعية

الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الموضوع الدقيق: اصول الدين
السنة: 2018
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: انس محمود خلف العيساوي
اسم المؤلف: صباح لطيف عبد الله الدليمي

احاديث ادارة الاولويات في الصحيحين : دراسة تحليلية

المستخلص: Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, and prayers upon our master Muhammad and his family and companions. Islam has come to regulate the life of the Islamic community through the gradualization of legislation and arranging the necessities of life according to its priorities and importance to the Muslim individual, the family and the society. I wanted to extricate myself from the flood of the Holy Quran and behind the purified Sunnah. I have derived research material from them and after consultation with some of my professors. In a topic on our contemporary reality, and what should be written about, an optional choice has been made (Prophetic says in Managing the Priorities in Al - Sahehain - An Analytical Study), one of the topics that is closely related to our human life In this study, I dealt with the Department of the Prophets in the Prophetic Sunnah which I presented today, in which I spoke about a subject that I considered extremely important because it deals with issues from the point of view of legitimacy in assessing things, ideas and actions, and presenting each other, and whoever submits and which ones should be delayed. The first, and any other order in the hierarchy of divine orders and directions of the Prophet. It was based on the six books in the graduation of the alhadeeth for a large number of alhadeeth. I studied it in an analytical study. My attempt in this study was to highlight a number of alhadeeth which mentioned the priorities and which the year came to indicate. The role in the presentation of thought and the payment of the curriculum, and the consolidation of this type of the year, so as to guide the workers who graduated to distinguish what the Sharia and what is delayed, and stressed by the mother and pleased, and the greatness of religion and what matters, based on the words of scientists and scholars Of the people of Hadith and jurisprudence and adopted in this on the Original output to access the feed - as far as possible - to find out the right side of it. Through this study we can identify the priorities and the importance and the need of our nation to prioritize life after the people are unaware of them, especially on this day when the circulation between people and in reality .. This study is the opening of the door and paving the way .. Allah has made it more powerful and influential, and each hardworking share. The subject of the thesis dictated its division into an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion.Chapter I : Definition of the administration, priorities, elements and benefits.It has been divided into two sections : The first topic : Definition of management and priority language and terminology and statement of benefits.The second topic : priorities according to importance.The second chapter : priorities in worship.It includes three aspects : The first topic : priorities in the prayer of the congregation, the virtue of Mecca, and the pilgrimage to mosques, and Zakat al - Fitr.The second topic : Priorities in the religion of the deceased, good companionship, offering dinner on prayer, and best deeds to God.The third topic : priorities in the delay in delaying prayer when the severity of the heat, the Muslim from the Muslim ladder of his tongue and hand, the construction of the submission of the certificate in Muslim Islam on the otherChapter Three : Priorities in Transactions.It includes two sections : The first topic : Priorities in the will, charity, and the share of kinship, charity and wealth.The second topic : the priorities in the snapshot, the sale of palm trees, and the rich.The third topic : priorities in the initiative to work, business early, and seize time, and see the crescent.The fourth topic : priorities in the question of the slave on the Day of Resurrection, health and emptiness, and the right of the body to fast.Then the conclusion and a list of sources and references.The thesis reached the most important results : 1 - dealt with the concept of priorities because of its special importance to the large circulation in our reality and concluded that he knows that the priorities of the rule based on the understanding of the most appropriate and better than the work and knowledge of the virtuous business and its preferences, and the most likely and Almargoha based on science linked, and in fact to require, For the purpose of achieving the most important interests, the slightest damage, and knowledge of the consequences of the application of such works.2 - I found that the priorities must be taken into account (terminology) by reading the texts of the Koran, the Sunnah and the words of some scholars and analysis of these texts and sayings.3. It was highlighted through the study that the principle of prioritization is fixed and specific in Islamic law, and that the determinants help to adjust the methodology of priorities and demonstrate how they are observed, and that evidence of prioritization is many.4 - If the food comes at the time of prayer, scholars have different opinions on that, if at the time the capacity of the foot of the food on prayer, so as not to concern the heart and go reverence, and some of them proceeded to eat and then pray is based on prayer and not eating, Who commanded eating before the prayer, from whom he did not start, so that he would not be preoccupied with him.5 - good deeds are all good and beloved to Allah Almighty, but some of the best works and more than others and more fixed and higher degree, including prayer at the time. Is the priority and then the parents and Jihad in the way of Allah.6 - It is permissible to go back to the back in the warm country in the heat of the heat, so the prayer is delayed until the end of its time.7 - The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) singled out the tongue and the hand among all the other narrators and the multitude of their mistakes and harms. Most of the evils are issued by them, so the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) singled out them in this hadeeth and gave them precedence over others.8 - The sale of palm trees after tipping priority to be the fruit of the seller, even if the fruit of the fruit.9 - priority in the fulfillment of debt and non - procrastination when a person is rich and able to repay it does not apply to the poor.10 - The priority of the initiative of good work before the impediments to prevent it and the first poverty to Yenisk or richness of the disease and the corrupt or pyramid or death.11 - The early of each of the priorities of the Muslim, whether in the request for livelihood or jihad or trade does not mean not to early lack of blessing, but the intended du'aa 'who begins his knowledge early, the time of his activity pray to receive blessings.12 - reminds us of the Prophet (peace be upon him) to seize five before five and introduced it according to priority importance, including young people offset by the pyramid, health and sincerity, and the richness of poverty and vacancy, life and death. The Muslim must take advantage of this before it is too late and he can not do it. Among his good deeds is the pyramid, misery, poverty, occupation and death.13 - The origin at the beginning of the month of Ramadan is the vision of the crescent unless it is clouded, and it is not permissible for a man to fast before entering Ramadaan. And that the wisdom of this is to distinguish the obligatory acts of worship from the naflha and that the ruling on fasting is dependent on seeing the crescent.14 - The priority of the Muslim is to maintain time, which is the most expensive possession of man and must preserve it because the first thing to come to him on the Day of Resurrection and the age that he spent in his life, and youth and money whether used in obedience to Allah or not. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) arranged it according to its importance. The first is the exploitation of blessings before their demise, and in this he urged the exploitation of human health before his illness and emptiness before his occupation.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الحديث
السنة: 2018
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: مصطفى فرحان عوض
اسم المؤلف: نور الهدى عثمان علي حسين المفرجي

اثر مقاصد الشريعة في الهندسة المالية الاسلامية The impact of the purposes of the legitimacy in the Islamic financial engineering.

المستخلص: In the name of god , thank god , and peace on prophet of Allah and on his companions . I'll start my words by who is better .. glory to be Allah , we have no knowledge except what you have taught us , you Alim Hakim . But after : The purpose of legitimacy is the supreme scientific reference , realism translation process was expressing of the human interests of all necessary, needful and improvement which must be nurtured and maintained and harness all possible means to serve and take care of it , all payment would create something of them , the five purposes are the greatest aims of the street and the finest human interests which underlying architecture and by all of them the human civilization was continue . The intent of this whole is honoring people and his service to do what was create of , it is to be a slave to god optional by them choice mandatory ( ) , and with the development of interest in Islamic economy and the expansion of the Islamic banking industry . it began the need to have an Islamic decades formats .. it was not there before like (the rent ending to ownership and the parallel forward buying , Islamic instruments , and ETC ).These are all financial innovations . Financial Engineering aimed to find products , Financial instruments to achieve standard macro and micro efficiency both. By the way achieving efficiency products for legitimacy is the basis of being Islamic , prevent usury, ambiguity , injustice , consuming people's wealth unlawfully , and ETC . But economic efficiency achievement in it their ability to the growing and renewable the economic needs . Also Islamic financial institution always need to keep a variety of tools and financial products which enable them to profitably manage their money As well As providing appropriate flexibility in response to change in the economic environment and also that reliance on a single product is not sufficient to cope with the expectation of customers .Thus highlighting the importance of this study In an attempt to shed light on the impact of the legitimate purpose in the Islamic financial engineering industry that is suitable for finding innovative solutions and new financial instruments tool. Even savings of the nation employs a way that achieves the economic development .. taking into account that the approval of Islamic legitimacy from and content The problem of this study : It is stand on what's legal opinion about financial solutions and innovative financial instruments by processing Multi - risks which surrounding Islamic banking to save investor's money . This risks is credit risks , market risks , money risks , and operational risks which faced by the investment portfoin under the Islamic banking system , and research on the progress of the Islamic financial Engineering for tools and methods are flexible and realistic of what it need these issues from understand the reality and the requirements of the application to provide an opportunity for investor through it reduce losses and risks , through diversifying its investment , and the choice of financial instrument that improve money management and investing all of this with legal (prevent usury , deception , injustice , and the fraud) which helps to the distribution of financial and economic resource more evenly and efficiently . The difficulties that I faced in the study : That lack of economic studies and research centers which concerned with research of Islamic financial market in Iraq. in addition to all that most of studies in the international financial market is usually in English . As well as the international Islamic financial market's website is in English too . So I faced the difficulty of lack resource and research in Arabic , as well as the difficult security condition that we face in the country .the study's methodology : I have used abstract useful analytical inductive and deductive to visualize an application for all formats and Islamic investment tools and discovery latest methods and techniques to expand the circle of funding , discovery a new banking concept formats and the development of existing formulas to keep pace with development it's in banking to receive more money which increased revenues over time and maximize profitability by controlling operating expenses and reduced .As for the plan of structural I was prepared for this study it's as follows included on the foreword and three chapters .Chapter one . identify concept and terms constituent of this study and includes two section - first section , the definition of the purposes of Islamic legitimacy and it's characteristics and division - second section, which includes the definition of Islamic financial engineering and its inception , importance ,its principles , founded , characteristics of their products , and their curricula .Chapter Two . the diversity of Islamic financial engineering products its included two section - first section , products based on real assets ( sale and rent ) - second section , products based on profit partnership ( decades partnership).The third and last chapter . the impact of the purpose of the legitimacy in the Islamic financial engineering products , it's included three sections.First section , the impact of the purposes of the statements of legitimacy in profit to buy something , parallel forward buying , parallel custom order , the rent ending to ownership and including hedge means. - second section , the impact of the purposes of the legitimacy to participate ending with ownership , common speculative, and the ways in which hedge. - the third section , the impact of the purposes of the legitimacy in applied models for Islamic financial engineering products. And the conclusion was included on the importance results that would take into account to the need of Islamic banking
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد الاسلامي
السنة: 2016
الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد
اسم المشرف: كاظم خليفة حمادي ابراهيم كوان علي
اسم المؤلف: سوسن عبد الله عزيز

اثر الامن الفكري الاسلامي في حماية المجتمع من الفتن : دراسة فكرية The Impact of Islamic Intellectual Security In the protection of society from the strife Intellectual study Athesis introdnced

الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: اصول الدين
السنة: 2018
الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية
اسم المشرف: حسين عليوي حسين الطائي
اسم المؤلف: واثق مانع محمد الجميلي

تاثير الرش بالحديد وحامض الجبراليك في النمو والمحتوى المعدني من بعض العناصر الغذائية لشتلات ثلاثة اصناف من الزيتون Effect of Foliar Spray with Iron and Gibberallic Acid on the Growth and Some Mineral nutrient Content of Three Cultivars of Olive transplants

المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة في قسم البستنة وهندسة الحدائق / كلية الزراعة والغابات/جامعة الموصل خلال موسم النمو 2003 لداسة تاثير الحديد وحامض الجبراليك في النمو الخضري والجذري والمحتوى المعدني لشتلات ثلاثة اصناف من الزيتون عالية الزيت المستوردة من الجمهورية العربية السورية . استخدم في تنفيذ الدراسة تصميم القطاعات العشوائية الكاملة للتجارب العاملية بثلاثة عوامل هي الحديد وحامض الجبراليك والصنف ، وكررت التجربة ثلاث مرات وبواقع خمس شتلات لكل وحدة تجريبية ولموسم نمو واحد فقط . رشت الشتلات حتى البلل الكامل باربعة مستويات من الحديد هي صفر و10 و20 و30 ملغم Fe/لتر باستخدام المادة المخلبية Fe - EDDHA والتي تحتوي على 6% حديد واربعة مستويات من حامض الجبراليك هي صفر و50 و100 و150 ملغم GA3/لتر . حيث رشت الشتلات لثلاث مرات في الموسم ، الاولى في الاول من نيسان والثانية في الاول من ايار والثالثة في الاول من حزيران ، حيث تم رش الحديد في الصباح الباكر وحامض الجبراليك في المساء لنفس اليوم في كل موعد ، كما تم رش الشتلات باليوريا وبتركيز 0.2% قبل يوم من كل موعد رش . وفي منتصف تشرين الاول اخذت القياسات (ما عدا تقدير العناصر الغذائية حيث اخذت العينات الورقية في بداية اب) . وحللت النتائج احصائيا باستخدام الحاسوب وحسب التصميم المستخدم ، وقورنت المتوسطات باستعمال اختبار دنكن متعدد الحدود وتحت مستوى احتمال 5% ، وتلخصت النتائج التي تم الحصول عليها بما ياتي : 1. ان صفات النمو الخضري والجذري (ارتفاع الشتلات وقطر الساق الرئيس وعدد الاوراق على الشتلات وعدد التفرعات وطولها والمساحة الورقية للشتلات وطول اطول جذر والوزن الجاف للاوراق والساق والمجموع الجذري) وكمية الكلوروفيل ( A والكلي) في الاوراق ازدادت معنويا مع زيادة مستوى الاضافة من الحديد وكذلك حامض الجبراليك في حين ان كمية كلوروفيل B ازدادت معنويا باضافة حامض الجبراليك فقط . 2. لقد تفوق الصنف درملالي على الصنفين الاخرين في معظم صفات النمو الخضري المدروسة ، حيث تفوق على الصنف صوراني في الصفات الاتية : طول الساق الرئيس وقطره وعدد الاوراق والمساحة الورقية للشتلات ، في حين انه تفوق على الصنف خضيري في عدد الاوراق/شتلة والمساحة الورقية للشتلات والوزن الجاف للساق وكمية الكلوروفيل في الاوراق (B والكلي) . 3. ادت زيادة المستويات المضافة من الحديد الى زيادة معنوية في تركيز النتروجين والحديد في الاوراق ، في حين ان تركيز البوتاسيوم ازداد مع زيادة مستوى الاضافة لحد 20 ملغم Fe/لتر ، بينما لم يتاثر تركيز كل من الكربوهيدرات والفسفور في الاوراق معنويا عند الرش الورقي بالحديد . 4. تبين ان للرش الورقي بحامض الجبراليك اثرا معنويا في تركيز الحديد والفسفور في الاوراق ، حيث ان تركيز الحديد ازداد معنويا مع زيادة تركيز حامض الجبراليك في محلول الرش ، في حين ان اعلى تراكيز الفسفور كان عند الرش بـ 100 ملغم GA3/لتر ، بينما لم يتاثر تركيز كل من الكربوهيدرات والنتروجين معنويا باضافة حامض الجبراليك . 5. كان للصنف تاثير معنوي في تركيز عنصر الفسفور في الاوراق ، حيث تفوق الصنف صوراني على الصنف درملالي في تركيز هذا العنصر ، في حين ان تراكيز كل من الكربوهيدرات والنتروجين والبوتاسيوم والحديد لم يتاثر معنويا بالصنف . 6. ان التداخلات جميعها فيما يبن الحديد وحامض الجبراليك والصنف اثرت معنويا في الصفات المدروسة كافة ، ما عدا تاثير التداخل بين حامض الجبراليك والصنف في تركيز البوتاسيوم في الاوراق . وان احسن المعاملات كانت الرش الورقي لشتلات الصنف درملالي بـ 30 ملغم Fe/لتر + 150 ملغم GA3/لتر . | This study was conducted in the Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, during the season of 2003, to study the effect of iron and GA3 on the vegetative growth, root growth and mineral composition of transplants of three cultivars of olive.The experimental design used in this study was Randomized complete block design (R.C.B.D) with three variables (iron, GA3 and cultivar) and three replicates with five transplants per unit. The transplant was sprayed with four levels of iron (0, 10, 20 and 30 mg Fe/L) in the chelated form of the solution (Fe - EDDHA) which contains 6% of iron, and four levels of GA3 (0, 50, 100 and 150 mg GA3/L). The spray was conducted three times in the season, the first was in the 1/4/2003, the second was in 1/5/2003 and the third was in 1/6/2003.In 15/10/2003, the data obtained (except the mineral nutrition, the leave samples was obtained in 1/8/2003) were statistically analyzed using S.A.S. system and the means were compared using Duncan’s multiple range test at 5%.The results obtained in this study could be summarized as follows : 1. The characteristics of the vegetative and root growth (transplants height, steam diameter, leaves number, number and length of shoots, leaf area, the length of main root, dry weight of leaves, steam and roots, and the amounts of chlorophyll (A. B. and total) in leaves were significantly increased with the increase of the iron levels and GA3 .2. Dremlaly cultivar dominated on the Surani cultivars in the transplants high, steam diameter, leaves number, leaf area, while it dominated on Huthairi cultivar in leaves number, leaf area, steam dry weight and amount of chlorophyll A and total chlorophyll.3. The study showed that there was a significant increase in the concentration of nitrogen and iron in the leaves, when the level of iron is increased. Whereas the concentration of potassium in leaves was increased as the level of added iron was increased up to 20 mg Fe/L, while the concentration of carbohydrate and phosphorus was not significantly affected with the spraying of iron.4. Increasing the levels of GA3 resulted in a significant increase in the concentration of iron in leaves, whereas the concentration of phosphorus in leaves was increased as the level of added GA3 was increased up to 100 mg GA3/L, while the concentration of carbohydrate and nitrogen was not significantly affected with added GA3.5. Surani cultivar dominated on the Dremlaly cultivar in the phosphorus concentration, While the concentration of carbohydrate, nitrogen, potassium and iron was not significantly affected with the cultivar.6. Most of the interactions among iron, GA3 and cultivar showed significant effects on most of the characteristics studied in this experiment. The best treatment was transplants of Dremlaly cultivar which were sprayed with 30 mg Fe/L + 150 mg GA3/L.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: الموصل
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة الموصل
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - البستنة
السنة: 2004
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: جاسم محمد علوان سحاب الاعرجي
اسم المؤلف: منى حسين شريف عبد الله الحمداني

تقويم تحمل بعض اصناف البطاطا Solanum tuberosum L للملوحة خارج الجسم الحي Evaluation of certain potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars for salinity tolerance in vitro

المستخلص: The study was carried out at the laboratory of plant tissue culture - college of Agriculture - University of Basra during the period 15/3/2013to 20/07/2015 ,to study the effect of salinity stress on some growthindicators contain in callus produced from three potato varieties (Lizeta,Arnova and Safari) in Vitro.The sprout of the three potato varieties (Lizeta, Arnova and Safari) were cultured in aseptic condition on Murashige and Skoog (MS) full strength media supplemented with IAA and BA at concentration of 1.0 mg / L in addition to GA3 at concentration of 0.1 mg / L.For callus induction, the shoots were cultured on (MS) media upplemented with 3 mg / L NAA in combination with 1 mg / L Kin or BA.Moreover; to study the effect of salinity stress on some growth indicators , the callus exposed to NaCl at concentration (0,80, 100, 120 ,140 and 160 mM ) four weeks period, in additon to the effect of salisalic acid in combination with NaCl on protien charectirstic in callus of three potato cultivars. The results sammurized at follow : 1 - The effect of cultivars and growth regulators results sammaurized : No significant on regeneriation ,but Arnova cultivar was superior in height plant and number of shoots reached (7.27 cm and 2.48 shoot ) respectively.Lizeta was superior in number of leaves (1.59 leaves / plant ), the combination of hormons (1.0 mg/L of eachIAA & BA) was superior in height plant and number of shoots reached (2.1 cm and 1.6 leaves / plant ) respectively. 2 - Lizeta cultivar was superior in (% callus induction, callus fresh weight on 28 and 45 days ,CHO,protein,proline, Lipid peroxidation and K+ ion) parameters reached (31% ,186.25 mg, 303.9 mg, 29.09 mg /gm dry weight , 16.29 mg/gm dry weight 3.05 μ.gm /dry weight , 204 nmol MDA g/ fw and 9.16 mg/gm dry weight ) respectively .While Ornova cultivar was superior in (plant hight,shoots number, callus dry weight ) reached (7.27 cm, 2.48 shoot/ plant and 18.13 mg) respectively .3 - The combination of (1.0 mg / l ) of BA and IAA affected significantly on number of shoots and leaves parameters and give (2.1 shoot/plant ,1.61 leaf/ plant ) respectivelywhile (1.0 mg/l IAA+0.1 mg/l GA3 +1.0 mg/l BA ) affected significantly on shoots hieght which reached 8.03 cm .4 - Varied response were found among potato callus growth under 100 mM concentration of salt stress, Arnova and Lizeta were superior as compare with Safari which didn’t show any response in addition to callus growth reduction were found at high concentration (120, 140 and 160 ) mM of salinity . Moreover,100 mM gave negative responce on on callus fresh and dry weight .Furthermore, NaCl affected significantly on V.C and Lipid peroxidation at high concentration of NaCl as compare to control treatment .Concerninig to (CHO,protien,proline, Na - 1 and Cl - 1 ions containt ) , 100 mM of NaCl gave posetive responce for both Lizeta and Arnova cultivars as compere to Safari which in turn recorded highest rate at 80 mM concentration and less concentration of protien , K and K/Na ratio 5 - the interaction of 120 mM NaCl with 0.250 mM SA affected significantly on callus growth in Lizeta as compare with other tow cultivars which recorded no responce NaCl affected posetively on Gen expression, in callus of potatocultivars which represented in a form of a new protein bands with new molecular weight at 80 and 100 mM in addition to the interaction of NaCl with SA treatment in Lizeta cultivar. 7 - Significant responce were found among NaCl and potato cultivars in % of shoot initiation reached 42.11% for Lizita in control treatment and less responce in 80 mM reached 11.78 %. 8 - Sucsessful % of acclimatized plant for Safari reached 82.59% as compare to other cultivars while Lizita was superior in plant hight number of leaves, total root system length ,total yield , number and dimeter of tubers reached (28.33cm, 5.50 leaf/plant ,1.06 dcm2 ,10.25 cm, 17.63 g/plant , 5.16 tuber/plant, 3.18 cm) respectively . On the other hand Safari cultivar were recorded significant reduction in proline, CHO, protien reached (2.03 μ.gm/dry weight, 23.05 and 5.77 mg/gm dry weight) respectively.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - البستنة
السنة: 2016
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: ماجد عبد الحميد ابراهيم عواطف نعمة جري
اسم المؤلف: اماني اسماعيل خليل طاهر

دراسة تاثير طرق الاستخلاص على مكونات الزيوت العطرية لبعض بذور العائلة الخيمية باستخدام تقنية GC - - MS

المستخلص: In this study, essential oils extracted from Umbelifera family plants (cumin, aniseed, fennel, and caraway) have been extracted by using microwave - assisted water distillation and traditional water distillation (Clevenger method).The results showed that the needed time to extract essential oils from seed by microwave - assisted water distillation was significantly less than Clevenger method. The results also showed that the higher oil yield extracted from cumin, aniseed, fennel, and caraway by microwave - assisted water distillation were 4.8, 1.3,7, 3.4 and 2.8 % respectively, while by using Clevenger method were 4.5, 2.8, 2.3 and 1.3 % respectively. As noticed that higher oil yield was from cumin compare with other studied oils.Physical properties have been studied of extracted oils by microwaveassisted water distillation and Clevenger method. The results revealed that oils extracted by the two methods were dissolved into alcohol and did not dissolve in water. Also, colors of extracted essential oils ranged between yellow to yellowish brown. Caraway oil was yellow gold, cumin was yellowish. In addition, the taste of fennel oil and aniseed was sweet contrary to cumin and caraway oils were bitter. Specific density of all essential oils extracted by microwave - assisted water distillation and Clevenger method in this study ranged from 0.64 - 0.92. Refractive index values of extracted essential oils by Clevenger ranged between 1.48 - 1.55, and 1.49 - 1.55 by microwave - assisted water distillation. In terms ofabsorbency, the better absorbency was at microwave - assisted water distillation and Clevenger method at wave length of 280 nm compare with other oils that appeared better absorbency at wavelength of 250nm. Antioxidant activity has been measured of different concentrations of the four essential oils extracted by microwave - assisted water distillation and Clevenger method. Also, the results showed that antioxidant activity of linoleic acid of essential oils was converging for both methods Antioxidant activity was increased with increasing essential oil concentration, and the concentration of 100% had gave higher value of antioxidant activity of oils extracted from cumin, aniseed, fennel, and caraway by Clevenger reached 60 ، 69،78%respectively, also reached 65, 74, 59, 68% respectively for essential oils extracted by microwave - assisted water distillation . Also, the results showed that antioxidant activity of caraway oil was significantly higher than other essential oils. The abilityof different concentration from the four essential oils extracted by microwave - assisted water distillation and Clevenger method has been studied in the growth inactivation some types of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosa and Staphylococcus aureus where noticed that activity of essential oils was increased with increasing oil concentration and the higher inactivation of oils was at 100% concentration. There is a variation in activity of all essential oils toward Bactria types. Caraway has high inactivated effect compared with other oils in this study and inactivation diameter of oil caraway extracted by Clevenger at concentration of 100% reached 19, 28, 32 mm toward testing Bactria of Staphylococcus aureus، Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosarespectively, while average inactivation of this oil extracted by microwave - assisted water distillation was less compare with Clevenger where reached 30, 25, 16 mm towards cited Bactria types respectively. The results also showed that the identification of activation chemical compounds that is present in the essential oils xtracted by Clevenger and microwave - assisted water distillation using GC - MS technique for acknowledgment its quality, quantity and percentage in the four essential oils as follow : 1. The results of identification of active compounds of essential oil caraway extracted by Clevenger and microwave - assisted water distillation have been demonstrated Carvon compound by high ratio reached 47.12 and 40.5 % for both extraction methods respectively, while compound ratio Anethol and D - Limonene of caraway oil extracted by Clevenger were 16.18 % and 11.67% respectively and by microwave - assisted water distillation were 22.19% and 10.96% respectively.2. The chemical compounds like Alpha - Isopropylbenzyl alcohol, Cumic aldehyde and betapinene extracted from cumin essential oil by Clevenger reached 35.19, 22.60 and 13.26% respectively, while reached 33.77, 21.24 and 13.26% respectively by using microwaveassisted water distillation. On the other hand, the compound of Alpha - Isopropylbenzylalcohol has higher concentration compared with other prevailing compounds in extracted oil by these two methods.3. The results showed that the appearance of chemical compounds in aniseed oil extracted by Clevenger and the higher ratio was registered by Anethol compound reached 75.33% compared with other prevailing compounds, also the appearance of the samecompound with high ratio reached 77.58% in the extracted oil by microwave - assisted water distillation.4. The prevailing compounds in the essential oil of fennel extracted by clevengerwere Anethol , L - Fenchon and Estrago by 72.78, 7.41 and 5.52% respectively, while their ratio reached 67.01, 8.28 and 4.93% respectively by using microwave - assisted water distillation.From these results, the Anethol compound was prevailingcompound in the two extraction methods.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الاغذية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: ضياء فالح عبد الله الفكيكي اسعد رحمان سعيد الحلفي
اسم المؤلف: رفل عبد الحسين رسن المالكي

مقارنة عيوشية المعززات الحيوية في منتجات الالبان المحلية ودراسة تاثيرها على بعض المعايير الدموية لفئران التجارب Compared to the viability of bio - boosters in the local dairy products and the study of its impact on some of the blood standards for mice

الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الاغذية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: حيدر ابراهيم علي سرمد غازي الشاوي
اسم المؤلف: زينب مصدق جعفر الشلاه

دور التركيز الملحي والخصائص المعدنية لترب محافظة البصرة في العلاقة بين النسبة المئوية للصوديوم المتبادل ESP ونسبة امتزاز الصوديوم SAR Role of Saline Concentration and Mineral Properties of Basrah Soils on The Relationship Between Exchangeable Sodium Percentage (ESP) and Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR).

المستخلص: Three laboratory experiments were conducted to study the ionic exchangeable relation for sodium - calcium cations to calculated the exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and sodium adsorption ratio (SAR).1 - First experiment was included to use two standard clay minerals, kaolinite (1 : 1) layers and montmorillonite (2 : 1) layers with solutions of several SARs (2,4,8,24,48 and 96) (m mole L - 1)0.5 at four ionic strength (20,40,80 and 240 ) mmol L - 1. The results showed, increasing ESP with increasing SAR for both clay minerals. The equations (liner, exponential, logarithm, quadratic, power, ,exponential curved, U. S. salinity laboratory and developed ) were used to description the relationship between ESP and SAR by correlation (R2) and the root of mean standard error (rmse). The exponential curve equation ESP= A+ B(D)SAR which (A, B and D) coefficients regression was more capability in prediction of ESP from SAR and it be the nearest to really value ESP comparing with other equations at various ionic strength and for both clay minerals. This equation tended to show the increase of ESP values with increasing ionic strength for kaolinite mineral and raising the constant (A), but not with montmorillonite. Also the results showed high significant differences (p<0.01) for coefficients regression parameters (A, B and D) at ionic strength (40, 80 and 240) mmole L - 1 between two minerals, while the significant was in coefficient (D) in 20 mmole L - 1 only. The Vanslow selectivity coefficient (Kv) gave the best description of the prefence ability of the exchange surfaces to cations Na - Ca exchange comparing with Gapon selectivity coefficient (KG).2 - Second experiment : Twenty seven locations represents Basrah province soils (1 - AL - Fao, 2 - AL - Maamer, 3 - ASSiba, 4 - AL oga, 5 - Naher kouz, 6 - Abo Mughera, 7 - Assibiliat, 8 - Mehalla, 9 - Hammdan, 10 - yousfan, 11 - Mehagran, 12 - Auassyan, 13 - AL - karma, 14 - AL - Hartha, 15 - Adear , 16 and 17 - (Ahwar - Adear) two places from marshes of Adear, 18 - Asharsh, 19 - AL - Qurna, 20 - AL - Hweer, 21 and 22 - (Ahwar AL - Hweer) two places from marshes of AL Hweer, 23 - AL - Mudayna, 24 and 25 - (Ahwar AL - Mudayna) two places from marshes of AL Mudayna , 26 - Azubair, 27 - Saffwan) with depth (0 - 30) cm were selected to study sodium - calcium exchange and measurements ESP and SAR. Generally the results referred to the soils contain the clay minerals montmorillonite, chlorite, illite, kaolinite, chlorite - montmorillonite interstratification and illite - Palygorskite interstratification with the different rates. After testing the previous equations for relationship between ESP and SAR for the soils, we found the exponential cure was a best equations (R2= 0.920), (rmse= 7.740) for describe the ESP - SARI116relationship comparing with others studying equations. The salinity factor had clear role in effect of the measuring ESP from ESP - SAR relationship, but there was no apparent influence for minerals composition, may be because the interaction between clays type, minerals ratio and soil properties. Also (Kv) gave more accuracy in description for surfaces preference of sodium - calcium exchange compared with (KG).3 - Third experiment : Five types of soils were selected from prior locations in second experiment, which are different in SAR, ESP , EC and other properties (1 - AL - Fao, 8 - Mihalla, 16 - Ahwar Ader first location ,22 - Ahwar AL - Hweer second location, 23 - AL Mudayna) were placed in plastic column to 30 cm depth and 10 cm diameter. Four irrigation water salinity of (1,4,8 and12)ds m - 1 were irrigated to field capacity for ten times. After drying the columns were divided to two parts, 0 - 15 and 15 - 30 cm, then the prior equation were as 1st and 2nd experiments. The results showed that superiority equation of exponential curved compared with other equations in ESP from SAR (R2=0.94) and (rmse=14.379). The study showed to potentiality of alteration the soils to sodic salinity soils with raising of salt concentrations as result from irrigation with high water salinity. Also the soil Colloids surfaces showed more sodium preference comparing with calcium through the selectivity coefficient (Kv) in particular with irrigation water salinity increasing except the hoor. Adear soil of first location for two depths which showed its surfaces more calcium preference compared with sodium (Kv<1) in spite of soil salinity increasing.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: التربة والمياه
السنة: 2015
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: محمد مالك ياسين
اسم المؤلف: علاء حسين علي البدران

استجابة نمو وحاصل هجينين هي الذرة الصفراء Zea mays L لمنظم النمو Atonik RESPONSE GROWTH AND YIELD TWO HYBRIDS OF MAIZE (ZEA MAIZE L.) TO GROWTH REGULATOR ATONIK

المستخلص: Field experiment was conducted during the autumn season of 2015 in Silty clay lome soil, in a field in al - Mijar al - kabeer (40 km south of the Amarah city) to study the effect of the concentration and application methods of growth regulator Atonik on growth and yield of two hybrids of maize (Zea mays L.). A split - split plots design was used in randomized completely block design with three replications.Study involved three concentration of Atonik 0 , 2.5 ml and 5 ml which were given the following symbols (A0, A1 and A2) and three application methods (soaking seeds before planting for five hours, spray once a month after planting and spray two times after one and two months after sowing), Which were given the symbols M1, M2 and M3 and two hybrids of maize (Vito Spanish and French Abacaro), which were given symbol V1 and V2 .The results showed that the concentration A1 differed significantly and gave thehighest charcters for Plant height, number of grain in ear, 300 grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, total chlorophyll content, percentage of protein, and protein yield, which amounted 184.06 cm, 469.68 grain, 61.34 gm , 6.49 tons h - 1, 17.79 tons h - 1, 36.59 %, 40.26 SPAD, 12.34 % , 0.81 tons h - 1 respectively. With an increase of 11.88 % , 14.48 %, 17.13 %, 31.11 %, 24.84 %, 5.14 %, 34.20 %, 9.98 %, 44.64 % respectively compared with control (A0). The A2 treatment gave the highest field emergence % anddays from planting to 50 % anthesis and silking, stalk diameter and leaf area, which were (88.38 % ,56.17 days, 61.67 days, 2.51 cm and 5027 cm2), respectively.Resulted also showed that the application method (M3) lead to increase both the number of grain in ear (464.53 grain), 300 grain weight (61.60 gm), grain yield (6.44 ton h - 1), biological yield (17.83 ton h - 1), total chlorophyll content (38.38 SPAD), percentage of protein (12.30 %) and protein yield (0.80 ton h - 1).While overtook application method M2 in leaf area 5023 cm days from planting to 50 % anthesis and silking 57.06 and 62.28 days respectively. Whereas M1 method gave the highest stalk diameter of 2.32cm. Also the results showed that the hybrid V2 differed significantly compared with V1 and gave the highest grain yield (6.17 ton h - 1), and the highest percentage of protein (12.22 %). While hybrid V1 was overcome in field emergence % , days from planting to 50 % anthesis and silking and stalk diameter. The results obtained showed that there was significant interaction between A and M for some growth traits and grain yield in which ( A1 x M3) gave highest Plant height (191.63 cm), number of grain in ear (497.82 grain), 300 grain weight (67.56 gm), grain yield (7.31 ton h - 1), percentage of protein 13.22%, and protein yield (0.97 ton h - 1). Also (A2 x M2) interaction treatment gave the highest values in days from planting to 50 % anthesis and silking (55.00 days, 60.50 days respectively) and leaf area (5585 cm - 2). Whilst (A2 xM1) interaction treatment gave the highest stalk diameter (2.78 cm). The interaction between the A and V treatment recorded a (A1 x V2) more number grain in ear (497.97 grain), protein yield (0.91 ton h - 1).While (A2 x V1) treatment was confined on some growth traits only. Also was the interaction between V and M recorded a significant effect in plant height, stalk diameter, number of grains in ear. The (A2 × M2 × V2) interaction treatment gave the highest leaf area of 5878 cm2. While (A1 × M3 × V2) interaction treatmentgave the highest biological yield of 21.36 ton h - 1, and total chlorophyll content of 49.90 SPAD. recorded a the treatment (A2 × M3 × V2) harvest index (39.97 %) .
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - المحاصيل الحقلية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: هيثم عبد السلام علي كاظن حسن هذيلي
اسم المؤلف: علاء قاسم مزبان

تشخيص فطري Trichoderma viride وTrichoderma harzianum بتقنية PCR واستخدامهما في تحسين القيمة الغذائية لمتبن واداء الحملان العرابية Identification ofTrichodermaviride andTrichodermaharzianum by using Molecular Technique and Used to ImproveFeeding Value of Straw and Performance of Arabi Lambs

المستخلص: The objectives of current study were to identify Trichoderma viridi and Trichoderma harzianum by genetics methods and used them singly or both (3% for each treatment) in improvement of barley straw and animal performance. A total of 20Arabi lambs aged about 3 - 4months with an average weight of 22.725±1.43 kg distributed randomly and equally to four nutritional treatments. Lambs fed individually as 2% of body weight, while straw was given ad libtium. The results obtained can be summarized as follows : 1 - The study was able to identify TV and TH using three different PCR techniques, which are PCR - RAPD, PCR - ITS and PCR - IGS.TV and TH showed three and two bands respectively when using PCR - RAPD at nearly 600bp.While both fungi showed one band by using PCR - ITS and PCR - IGS and at nearly 600 and 2,400bp respectively.2 - Using both fungi (treatment 4) resulted in a significant improvement in the chemical composition of the straw through the high content of crude protein and low crude fiber, ADF and NDF compared to untreated straw.3 - There were improvements indigestibilityofcrude protein, fiber, cellulose, hemicellulose, ADFand NDF when the both fungi treatment was used. As well as total digestible nutrients of the fungus treated groups in comparison with untreated straw (control group).4 - Feed intake of treated straw groups increased significantly compared to untreated straw groupwiththe superiority of the group that was treated with both fungi (639.91 - 826.30 gm/head/day for control and both fungi group respectively). As well as there wasa significant improvement in feed conversion efficiency of a group treated with both fungi in comparison of other groups (6.38 - 5.52 kg feed/kg growth rate respectively).5 - Rumen pH, ammonia and total volatile fatty acid of lambs fed treated straw (6.22 - 6.89, 10.00 - 18.69; 11.35 - 13.61 for control115group and both fungi group respectively) were significantly higher than those of untreated group.6 - There were significant improvements in lambs’bodyweigh tsand their absolute and relative gains when fed treated straw (37.82 kg, 14.97kg and 65.67% respectively) especially the group fed both fungi in comparison with untreated group (32.79 kg, 10.03kg and 43.89%respectively).7 - Globulin, AST and ALT was not significantly influenced bytreated straw. On the contrary, there were a significant increase inhemoglobin, glucose, total protein, albumin and albumin/globulin ratio of the treated groupcompared with the untreated straw. While a significant decrease in urea and cholesterollevelin theblood serumof treated groups in comparison with untreated group.8 - Economic evaluation ofadding fungitostrawshowed improvement inthe relativeeconomic efficiencyby26.2%, 37.0% and 59.5% for adding TVorTH or bothtogetherrespectively. Adding fungi decreasedthe cost of feed from 46.65Dinars/ kg increase in body weight gains incase of untreated straw to 40.15dinars/ kg when adding both fungi.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
السنة: 2015
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: عماد فلاح حسن طالب احمد جايد
اسم المؤلف: ميثم خلف علي الغالبي

د راسة بيئية مقارنة لنوعين من اللافقريات البرنقيل Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854) والدودة الحلقية Namalycastis indica (Southern, 1921) في محطتين في شط العرب Comparative ecological study of two species of invertebrates Amphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854)and Namalycastis indica (Southern, 1921) in two stations of Shatt Al - Arab River

المستخلص: The present research aimed to study two invertebrate speciesAmphibalanus amphitrite (Darwin, 1854) and Namalycastis indica(Southern, 1921) in two stations along Shatt Al - Arab River in Basrahprovince, southern Iraq. Two stations were selected for this purpose,these two stations were affected by the tidal phenomenon, namely Abu - Alkhaseeb and Karmat Ali.The samples were collected monthly for the period from October 2015 - September 2016. Environmental factors represented by the temperature(air and water), salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen and biological oxygendemand, calcium and nitrates as well as knowledge of soil tissues weremeasured. Samples of the animals were collected by five replicates inAbu - Alkhaseeb station and four replicates in the Karmat Ali station, thenisolated and washed with running water and preserved in numbered plastic bags and were classified based on the taxonomic keys. The total densities of the two animals were detected in addition to the density in the vertical distribution. The statistical evidence was used to find out the differences in the density. Population sizes of the two animals were study and divided into volumetric categories, the process of separating generations was conducted by using probability graph paper to get the true age of the animal as well as study for each class to learn biomass and secondary production.The results of the environmental factors showed that the ranges of parameters as following : air temperature 13.5 - 41.4 °C and water temperature 11.8 - 34.9° at Abu Al - Khaseeb station; air temperature 11.3 - 45 °C, water temperature 10 - 37 °C at Karma Station, pH 6.9 - 8.8 at Abu Al - Khaseeb station and 7.14 - 8.5 at Karma station, salinity 4.22 - 6.6 ppt at Abu Al - Khaseeb station and in Karma station 5 - 7.1 ppt. For dissolved oxygen 6.2 - 11.1 mg/L at Abu Al - Khaseeb station and at Karma station 6 - 12.4 mg/L, biological oxygen demand 1.58 - 4.02 mg/L at Abu Al - Khaseeb station and 2.04 - 5.88 mg/L at Karma station, calcium concentration at Abu Al - Khaseeb station was 160 - 175 mg/L and Karma station 160 - 190 mg/L, nitrate concentration 13.9 - 15.6 mg/L, 14.2 - 17 mg/L at Abu Al - Khaseeb and Karma stations respectively. And tissues of soil were silty clay Abu Al - Khaseeb station and loamy clay in Karma Ali station.The monthly density of each animal was calculated at each station. For barnacle the highest percentage was 2740 individuals/m2 recorded in April 2016 at Abu Al - Khaseeb, the highest percentage in the Karma station was 890 individuals/m2 recorded in October 2015, and for worms was an average of 70 individuals/m2 and 184 individuals/m2 recorded in October and November at Abu Al - Khaseeb and Karma stations respectively. The structure of population sizes was also studied to determine the changes in the population. To illustrate this, it was divided into six categories of barnacle and seven categories of worms.The study examined the of length - weight relationships (dry, ash and organic matter) and to study the total biomass content and the volume groups of each generation of the two populations by multiplying the density of individual/m2 for each generation by dry weight, ash and organic matter. Abu Al - Khaseeb had H generation 7.27 g/m2 dry weight, 5.30 g/m2 for ash weight and 1.63 g/m2 for organic matter, H generation in Karma was the highest mass of 2.338 g/m2 for dry weight and 1.694 g/m2 for ash weight and 0.527 g/m2 for organic matter.The monthly biomass B g/m2 was calculated from adding of the biomasses for each generation and the average (B) of the biomass was derived from divided the sum of the biomass for the months of the year on total sampling month. Total annual secondary production was calculated for each generation of population groups in terms of dry weight, ash and organic matter using the method which summarized in the calculation of density average multiplied by the difference in weight.The highest value of barnacle at Abu Al - Khaseeb was 14.5367 g/m2 for ash weight and 4.536 g/m2 for organic matter, for worms were 2.228 g/m2 for ash and 2.8397 g/m2. In the Karmat Ali, the barnacle had 5.800 g/m2 of ash and 1.0794 g/m2 of organic matter, the worms had 7.583 g/m2 for ash and 9.2845 g/m2 for organic matter.The rate of growth of the two animals was detected by finding the average length of each generation of the population groups per month for each animal. In order to achieve a curate result on the age of the animal in the field and the calculation of its productivity it was necessary to conduct the process of separation of the generations of the population group and therefore used the Probability graph paper method, thepopulation of both studied animals is polymodel.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
السنة: 2017
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: انتصار نعيم سلطان جاسم محسن عبد
اسم المؤلف: نور سعد احمد الحمادي

الدورة التكاثرية للروبيان النهري الشرقي Macrobrachium nipponenseو (De Haan, 1849 [In De Haan, 1833 - 1850]) ارتباطها ببعض العوامل البيئية في نهر المسحب جنوب شرق هور الحمار، البصرة، العراق Reproductive cycle of Oriental River Prawn Macrobrachium nipponense (De Haan, 1849 [ In De Haan, 1833 - 1850]) and its correlation with environmental factors in Al - Masshab River, Southern East of Al - Hammar Marsh, Basrah, Iraq

المستخلص: The present study, investigated the reproductive cycle of freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium nipponense during period from December 2015 to November 2016 at Al - Masshab River, Southern of East Al - Hammar Marsh/ Basrah. The water temperature, salinity, pH, dissolve oxygen and turbidity were recorded, the maximum average for water temperature was 28 ºC recorded in July, while the minimum was 12 ºC in January. Water salinity was fluctuation between 0.8 - 2 ppt. in April and November respectively. pH values ware recorded between 7 - 7.6 during all study months. The minimum of oxygen concentration was 5.5 mg/ L in July and the maximum 8.29 mg/ L in the December. Also there are some changes in turbidity of water, the lower was 15.3 NTU in February and the highest was 40.1 NTU in the April. The results of length groups showed, occurrence of group between 44 - 35 mm for females and between 54 - 36 mm for males. The minimum length for females was 48.3 mm in November, and for males was 52.1 mm in November. While themaximum length for females and males were 69.1 mm and 74.7 mm in September and August respectively. The minimum average of weight was recorded in the November for females and males ( 1.6 and 2.0 ) gm respectively, while the maximum average was 4.3 gm for females in September and 4.5 gm for males in August. The total carapace length for females between ( 19.3 - 32.5 ) mm in November and September respectively , and for males was between 21.0 - 31.6 mm for the same period. Length - weight parameters (a and b) of the equation : W = aLb were estimated for M. nipponense , positive correlation ( r= 0.67) for females and ( r= 0.90 ) for males, while the relationship between carapace length and total length were (r = 74) for females and (r = 0.85) for males. Additional to relationship between carapace length and body weight were (r= 62) for females and (r = 0.75) for males. The highest Gonadosomatic Index (GSI) was 10.6 recorded in September, and the lower was 2.7 recorded in July. In this study we observed two peaks for reproductive, the first in Jun. and second in the August. The best percentage for ovigorous was recorded in August 98.7 % whereas, percentage of the non ovigorous in this month was 1.3 % .The condition factor for females was changed between 1.1 during November and 2.10 during September. While for males was between 1.3 to 2.9 during November and August respectively. The seasonal variations in the sex ratio of prawn was different according reproductive cycle, and there was more females than males during reproductive period. The minimum was 1 : 0.17 ( male / female) in February and the maximum percentage was 1 : 9.00 ( male / female) in the Jun. The overall fecundity of 307 ovigorous female of M. nipponense was calculated, the Absolute fecundity ranged from (799 - 2047) egg/ individual, while the relative fecundity between (208 - 578) egg/ gm. The correlations of fecundity with total length and fecundity with body weight were positive for both, it were r= 94 and r= 0.90 respectively. Additional, the eggs had been classified into four stages, based on the external morphological characters such as colour ,size and histological. Egg dimensions varied between 675 + 28 to 763 + 31 μm.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
السنة: 2017
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: عبد الحسین حاتم غازي عبد الحسین حاتم غازي
اسم المؤلف: اشواق طالب عباس

دور استحلاب المشتقات النفطية في بعض خصائص التربة الفيزيائية وكفاءة استعمال المياه لمحصول الذرة الصفراء Zea mays. L Role of oil derivative Emulsification on some soil physical properties and water used efficiency of maize crop (Zea mays, L.)

المستخلص: The study was conducted in Agriculture College farm / Basra University - Karmat Ali location, on alluvial silty clay soil (typic Torrifluvent) during autumnal season / 2014, to study the effect of three factors : the first factors; oil conditioners deliver type with three types ( fuel oil(FO), spent lubricated oil(SLO) and Bitumen(B) emulsion); the second factor : the level of addition within four levels (0 ,0.1,0.3 and 0.5% w/w to dry soil weight); and third factor, emulsification factor with two treatments(1st treatment, mixture of oil conditioner and water without emulsification process, and 2nd treatment the mixture of oil with water emulsification by addition artificial anionic emulsified agent (surfactant) with concentration 7 Mmol ,by using enough water quantity equal to soil saturation. Mechanical mixer was used to mixing and emulsification processes and to controlling the quantities of water, oil conditioner and surfactant by using accurate feeders and adjusted valve to suit required amount of each materials. The resultant mixture or emulsion is added to experimental units (plot with distance 10*2 m) by using a plastic pipe under pump pressure, the studied factors were combined in factorial experiment by using Randomized Complete Blocks Design with three replicates After the factorial completions were done soils in all plots were allowed to dissicated in order to evaporate most water from the mixture emulsion, then soil samples are collected from 0 - 20 ,20 - 40 cm depth to measure the quantities and penetration of oil compounds in soil profile.After that, the experimental units are planted with Corn seeds (zea mays) by paralled rows, Irrigation was doing periodically to compensate water content deficit to field capacity content with 20% leaching requirements.Also, Soil samples were collected at 0 - 20 cm and 20 - 40 cm depths at the beginning and end of growth season to measure bulk density, mean weight diameter (MWD). Also, some samples were collected at same depths after 48 hours of irrigation and prior to next irrigation in order to measure moisture content and saline distribution at the end of growth season, infiltration rate, soil moisture characteristic curve, frontal water movement of horizontal wetting advance and reduction in the ression of water from the soil surface. Moreover, the parameters of plant growth including plant length, dry weight, Corncobs weight and weight of 300 seeds of corn yield. The results reached can be summarized as follows : 1 - Addition of emulsion conditioners leads to the increase of penetration and distribution of oil compounds in soil depth compared with non - emulsionBconditioner, FO and SLO have greater impact in comparison with Bitumen Emulsion.2 - Mean weight diameter (MWD), and soil moisture content significantly increase wherever bulk density decreased due to the use of oil conditioners. That improvement is directly proportional with the level of conditioners up to 0.3%, with significant superiority for FO and SLO over the Bitumen .The emulsification oil by added emulsified agent has significant impact to improvement these soil physical properties comparison with non - emulsification oil treatment.3 - Results show a significant decrease of salt content with increasing the addition of oil conditioner up to 0.3%, with significant superiority of FO and SLO over the Bitumen Emulsion, with chiefly superiority emulsified conditioner over the non - emulsified conditioner.4 - Infiltration and infiltration rate increased in emulsified conditioners over non - emulsified conditioners depending on the variation of oil conditioner type, with prevalence of 0.3% level following by 0.5 %, Then 0.1% level. Highest values are achieved in FO and SLO comparison with the Bitumen Emulsion.5 - The results of soil moisture characteristic curve show the highest available water extracted from soil treated with oil conditioners emulsion under low tension, and this impact is significantly proportional with the increase of addition level from 0.1 - 0.5%, with significant superiority of FO and SLO over the Bitumen Emulsion6 - Emulsification of oil conditioners leads to increase the frontal water movement of horizontal wetting advance and reduction in the recession of water from the soil surface, and this impact is significantly proportional with the increase of addition level up to 0.3% limit with significant superiority of FO and SLO over the Bitumen Emulsion.7 - Results show significant increase of irrigation efficiency and water use efficiency for emulsified oil conditioners in comparison of non - emulsified conditioners. These efficiencies increases with addition level increase up to 0.3%, with significant exceedance of FO and SLO over the Bitumen Emulsion.8 - There is demonstrated significant increase of plants height, dry matter, Corn cobs weight and weight 300 seeds of Corn cobs for emulsified conditioners over non - emulsified conditioners, This effect is directly increase with increase of addition level up to 0.3 % , with a clear prevalence of FO and SLO over the Bitumen Emulsion.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
السنة: 2015
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: علي حمضي ذياب المالكي داخل راضي نديوي
اسم المؤلف: يحيى جهاد شبيب

تاثير مستويات النتروجين بواسطة منظومة الري بالتنقيط السطحي وتحت السطحي في حركة الامونيوم والنترات ونمو وانتاجية الطماطم Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. في تربة صحراوية Influence of Nitrogen Levels Fertilizer Applied Through Surface and Subsurface Drip Irrigation on ? And + Movement in Soil, Growth and Yield of Tomato Plant (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) Grown in Desert Soil.

المستخلص: A field experiment was carried out in Al - Berijessia district at Al - Zubair region, Government Basrah, south of Iraq, during growing season of 2013 - 2014. The objective of the study was to reveal the influence of N - Fertilizer applied through the drip irrigation system on 3− and ????????4+ vertical and horizontal movement in soil, N, P and K concentration in leaves, N uptake, and recovery in addition to total yield of tomato plants grown in sandy loam soil. Nitrogen as urea was applied at rate of 0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 kg ha - 1 through surface and subsurface fertigation in six doses and started two weeks after transplanting. This was done along with phosphorus (100 kg ha - 1) as super phosphate and potassium (250 kg ha - 1) as potassium sulphate. All fertilizers were injected into irrigation water. Soil samples were collected from belw the drippers of depth 15 cm down 45 cm along with radical line originating at the dripper at distance of 15 cm up to 45 cm. Samples of soil and leaves of plants were collected at four growth stages (i.e. flowering, setting of fruit, maturity of first fruit and full maturity stage). ????????3− and ????????4+ concentration in soil collected samples were determined. Leaves samples were oven - dried at 70 C, grounded then N, P, K concentration were determined. Total dry weight of plant was obtained by harvesting whole plant and dried at 70 C. Nitrogen uptake and N recovery were calculated. Early and final yield were recorded. Results of the study showed : 1. ????????4+ and ????????3− concentration in soil increased significantly as N rate increased from 0 to 400 kg N ha - 1 , however ????????4+ concentration decreased, but ????????3− concentration increased as samples depth and vertical distance increased from 0 to 45 cm at both application method. Concentrations of ????????4+ and ????????3− in soil samples of sub - surface fertigation were higher than those of surface fertigation.2. N, P, &K - concentration, N - uptake, and total dry weight increased significantly as N rate increased at both application methods. However, values of plants fertigated through subsurface fertigation were higher than those fertigated through surface fertigation.3. Application of N fertilizer significantly increased early and total yield at both fertigation methods. However, yield of plants fertigated with subsurface system were (as average) higher than those irrigated with surface system. Maximum early and total yield was achieved at 100 & 300 kg N ha - 1 and were 19.39 ton h - 1 and 58.18 ton h - 1 respectively at subsurface fertigation
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: التربة والمياه
السنة: 2015
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: عبد المهدي صالح حسين الانصاري
اسم المؤلف: يحيى هلال منسي

تاثير نظام الزراعة واضافة السماد Moench النتروجيني في نمو وحاصل محصولي الذرة البيضاء .Vigna radiata L والماش (.L) Sorghum bicolor Effect of planting system and Nitrogen fertilizer application on growth and yield of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L). Moench) and Mungbean (Vigna radiate L.)

المستخلص: Field experiment executed during 2015 season in farmers' fields in the AL - Maymonh district southwest of Missan province ( about 30 km from city center) in Silty loam soil. The objective of the study was to know the effect of intercropping system and nitrogen fertilizer on growth and yield of Sorghum and Mungbean, The experiment executed in split - plot in (R.C.B.D) design with three replicates, main plot were include nitrogen fertilizer with four levels (F1=50 , F2=100, F3= 150, F4=200) Kg N ha - 1. While sub plot were include three planting systems (Sorghum only= S1, Mungbean only=S2, one line of Sorghum + one line of Mungbean= S3). Variety kafer of Sorghum and local variety of Mungbean was used. The experiment include 36 experimental units, area of each units (3and studying the following characteristics : Plant height(cm),the number of leaves ,leaf area(cm2),leaf area index for two crops, number of grain in panicle and 1000 grain weight(gm) of sorghum ,number of pod.plant - 1, number of seed.pod - 1 and 1000 seed weight (gm) of Mungbean ,biological yield (t ha - 1) ,total economic yield (t ha - 1),harvest index (%) ,protein percentage (%) for two crops. Results were analyses statistically and mean compared with LSD test, the result of the study showed the following : 1 - Single plant pattern caused significant increasing on plant height of Sorghum and Mungbean, number of leaves; leaf area; leaf area index; number of grain in panicle;number of pod in plant; number of seed in pod; weight of 1000 grain or seed for Sorghum and Mungbean; biological yield of Mungbean; seed yield of Mungbean 1.79 t ha - 1; highest protein percentage of Mungbean. Single planting pattern non - significant in Sorghum biological yield; harvest index of Mungbean. Intercropping pattern caused significant increase in protein percentage of Sorghum and non - significant increase grain yield of Sorghum that gave 4.58 t ha - 1 compared with single plant pattern that gave 4.57 t ha - 1.2 - Increasing N rate increased almost studied characteristics , level of 200 kg N ha - 1 gave highest average of plant height of Sorghum and Mungbean; number of Sorghum leaves; leaf area , leaf area index, biological yield of Sorghum and Mungbean; number of grain in panicle; number of seed in pod; number of pod in plant; highest grain yield of Sorghum 6.50 tha - 1; highest seed yield of Mungbean 2.60 th - 1 and highest harvest index for Sorghum and Mungbean, Application 150 kg N ha - 1 significantly increased protein percentage and gave highest average of Sorghum and Mungbean Application nitrogen fertilizer non - significant on, number of leaves of Mungbean and weight 1000 grain seed for two crops.3 - Results also showed a significant Interaction between nitrogen fertilizer and intercropping pattern ,the highest leaf area; leaf area index; number of seed in pod and biological yield of Mungbean, obtained at treatment (F4*S2),. Intercropping of Sorghum and Mungbean (1 : 1) with nitrogen 200 kg N ha - 1 gave 6.56 t ha - 1 grain yield of Sorghum .The interaction between two planting system non - significant on almost characteristics that mean both two system gave nearly results by effected addition nitrogen fertilizer
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - المحاصيل الحقلية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: علي فرهود ناصر
اسم المؤلف: ياسين محسن غضيب البهادلي

دراسة بيئية لحشرة البعوض Culex quinquefasciatusفي محافظة البصرة وامكانية مكافحتها احيائيا وكيميائيا Study of Environmental of Culex quinquefasciuts and the possibility of biologically and chemically controlled

المستخلص: This study aimed to a field survey of the insect mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus and study environmentally and control by isolating and diagnosing fungi associated with mosquitoes and The effect of sporoes suspense for isolated fungi on the larvae, and the use of bacteria B. thuringiensis in larval control in addition to the diagnosis of some predators with the larvae of the C. quinquefasciatus and calculate density and evaluate their efficiency against predatory larval phases of mosquitoes. As it has been the use of two types of pesticides that goes back to a group of Neonicotinoids Actara and Quickbayt . The results of the study of the field survey the spread of the insect in most of the province of Basra areas as record city center the highest density of mosquito larvae during the months of April and October amounting to 96.00 and 87.66 larvae / half liter of water, respectively, followed by the Shatt al - Arab area which recorded 89.00 and 88.00 larvae / pint water during the months of April and October, while Zubair recorded the lowest ratio of the density of larvae were 4.66 and 8.33 larva / half liter of water for two months. Where the insect has been present in different aquatic sites (water, sewer, water darker pools, Water drainage, wasted tap water) and record heavy sewage highest density in the presence of mosquito larvae. The results of the study showed that the insect C. quinquefasciatus present in most months of the year except August and January, and recorded her two climaxes peak spring (April and May) and autumn peak (October and November. The results also showed that the increase in killing thelarvae grow directly proportional to the increase commentator bacteria B. thuringiensis concentration as the ratio was at 85.00 and 48.33 for the two phases the second and fourth, respectively, when using focus commentator 910 × 3 spore / ml The lowest ratio was killed was at the focus 710 × 3 amounting to 58.34 and 33.34% for the two phases the second and fourth, respectively. The results also showed a non effect of pesticide Quick on the growth of bacteria while he found little effect of the Actara on the growth of bacteria. There are some predators also recorded along the months the year, such as predator Dineutes aereus and Cybister tripuncututus while the presence of the animal crustal Mycrocylops albidus record seasonally in spring and autumn and the results showed efficiency experience predatory predators mentioned above eccentric different larval insect mosquitoes increase in the rate of depreciation against instar first The second fell rate of depreciation against the larval delayed reconstruction (third and fourth). The results showed superiority of the pesticide Quickbayt for pesticide Actara in the proportion of killing the larvae of the second stage and fourth Mosquito as commensurate proportion of directly proportional murder with the increase of the pesticide and type of focus, as the percentage of murders in the pesticide Quickbayt focus 1 g / l to 100% of the two phases the second and fourth, respectively, and decreased the proportion of murders to reach the emphasis 0.25 g / liter 88.34 and 73.34% on the second and fourth phases respectively. while pesticide record Actara highest killed in a concentration 1 g / liter, amounting to 100 and 81.67% on the phases second and fourth in a row and scored concentration of 0.25 g / liter less proportion73.34 and 51.66% for the first larval phases was the second in a row. The integrated control results also showed that the treatment of the pesticide Quickbayt with bacteria Bti gave the highest percentage of killing larvae second phase and the fourth, reaching 93.89 and 77.22%, respectively, while came after the treatment of the pesticide Actara with bacteria Bti where the percentage of murders 77.78 and 60.00% on the second and fourth phases Respectively .
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - الوقاية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: اياد عبد الوهاب عبد القادر ليلى عبد الرحمن بيان
اسم المؤلف: وئام صباح تركي

تاثير احلال الشعير المحسن باستخدام التخمير بسائل الكرش واضافة الانزيمات محل الذرة الصفراء في بعض الصفات الانتاجية والفسلجية والكيكروبية لفروج اللحم The effect of bringing improved barley by fermentation rumen fluid and adding enzymes replace maize in some productive traits , physiological and microbial for broiler chickens

المستخلص: The current study included two experiments, The labrotary experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of fermented barley with rumen liquor (10 , 20 ml / kg barley) at different inclusion periods (7 ,14 and 21 days) . The results of chemical analysis to crud protein , fat and ash percentage for fermented barley showed increased, and fiber percentage decreased on 10 and 20 ml rumen liquor at 14 days fermented period . The second experiment was included the effect of addition fermented barley by 20 ml rumen liquor for 14 days . A total of 360 unsexed one day old chicks were randomly distributed to eight treatments in three replicated ( 15 chicks/ replicate) . During the experimental period 35 days two diets were fed starter and grower .The treatments as follow : 1 - First treatment of control included 50% maize .2 - Second treatment included the replacement of barley in the rate of 25%. 3 - Three Treatment included the replacement of barley in the rate of 50%.4 - Fourth treatment included the replacement of barley in the rate of 75%.5 - Fifth treatment included the replacement of barley in the rate of 100%.6 - Sixth treatment included the replacement of barley in the rate of 25%+1 g enzymes/ kg feed7 - Seventh treatment included the replacement of barley in the rate of 50% + 1 g enzymes/ kg feed .8 - Eighth treatment included the replacement of barley in the rate of 75%+ 1 g enzymes/ kg feed.The results of this studies indicated that : 1. A significant increase(P <0.05) of mean body weights and body weight gains in T2 as compared with the control treatment while T3 and T4 showed non significant differences as compared with control .2. A significant increase(P <0.05) of accumulative feed consumption and feed conversion efficiency of T5 and T8 but T2 and T3 were given a least significant differences compared with control.3. Non significant increase(P <0.05) of dressing percentage for T2 , T3 and T4 as compared with control treatment . b 4. Treatments T2,T3 , T4 and T5 showed a significant differences (P <0.05) in relative weight of gizzard and cecum compared with enzymes treatments.5. A significant differences of hemoglobin of all treatments as compared with control , while glucose levels were significantly(P <0.05) increased in control and treatments treated with rumen fuid compared with enzyme treatments . but T1 and T2 showed highly significant (P <0.05) in cholesterol levels as compared with others .6. There were significant differences (P <0.05) in logartmic numbers of total bacteria, lactobacillus and bacteria degrading cellulose in rumen fuid treatments as compared with others.7. T2 , T3 ,T4 showed significant differences (P <0.05) in intestinal length as compared with others, while T3,T4,T5,T6,T7 and T8 showed a significant (P <0.05) increase passage rate compared with T1 and T2 .8. T2 and T3 recorded less significantly differences (P <0.05) in viscosity intestinal contain as compared with other treatments . 9. Treatments treated by barley fermented with rumen fuid showed a highly significant (P <0.05) in tibia length , tibia ash percentage , tibia calcium and phosphorus contains as compared with control and treatment treated with enzymes .10. A significant differences (P <0.05) in villus length and the ratio between the length and depth in all treatments as compared with control .11. No significant differences in all treatments as compared with control in the carcass quality .12. The economical benefits of the study fed barley fermented rumen fuid T2,T3,T4 and control showed significant differences (P <0.05) in production index and production coefficient as compared with enzymes treatments.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الاغذية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: عبد الله عبد المنعم محمد
اسم المؤلف: وليد هيلان سعدون راضي الموسوي

فصل دهون صفار بيض الدجاج والبط والوز والنعام المحلي ودراسة محتواها الكيميائي وتاثير الخزن على صفاتها الفيزيائية والكيميائية Separation of local Chicken, Duck, Gees and Ostrich Egg Yolk Fat and Study it’s Chemical Contents and effect of storage on physical , chemical properties

المستخلص: تضمنت هذه الدراسة فصل دهن صفار بيض الدجاج والبط والوز والنعام ودراسة ومحتواه من العناصر المعدنية والاحماض الدهنية المشبعة وغير المشبعة والكولسترول والبروتينات الدهنية (اللايبوبروتين) والدهون الفسفورية (الفوسفولبيدات) والكاروتينات والفيتامينات وصفاته الفيزيائية والكيميائية ومتابعة هذه الصفات بعد مدة خزن 30 و60 و90 يوما.وقد كانت النتائج مايلي.1 - اظهرت نتائج دراسة المحتوى الكيميائي لصفار البيض وجود فروق معنوية بين انواع المدروسة فتراوحت نسبة الرطوبة من 46.60% الى 49.34% في النعام والدجاج على التوالي، والدهن من 31.63% الى 34.65% في بيض الدجاج والوز على التوالي، والبروتين من 15.55% الى 16.75% في بيض الوز والنعام على التوالي، والرماد من 1.00% الى 1.33% في بيض الوز والنعام على التوالي، كان صفار بيض الوز الاعلى في نسبة الدهن.2 - اظهرت نتائج تحليل العناصر المعدنية في الصفار ودهن الصفار ان عنصر الحديد كان اعلى تركيز مقارنة بالعناصر الاخرى فتراوح تركيزه من 8.52 PPM الى 10.08 PPM في الصفار ومن 2.44 PPM الى 9.16 PPM في الدهن، اما العناصر الاخرى فتباينت تراكيزها حسب انواع البيض المدروسة اذ تراوح عنصر الرصاص من 2.48 PPM الى 4.58 PPM في الصفار ومن 2.05 PPM الى PPM 2.53 في الدهن وعنصر الزنك من 0.808 PPM الى 0.852 PPM في الصفار ومن 0.02 PPM الى 2.92 PPM في الدهن اما عنصر الكادميوم فتراوح من 0.117 PPM الى0.259 PPM في الصفار ومن 0.067 PPM الى 0.081 PPM في الدهن وعنصر النحاس من 0.01 PPM الى 0.215 PPM في الصفار ومن 0.05 PPM الى 0.74 PPM في الدهن.3 - قدرت الاحماض الدهنية الكلية في دهن صفار بيض الدجاج والبط والوز والنعام وشخصت كمية الاحماض الدهنية ونوعيتها بتقنية الكروموتوغرافيا الغاز المتصل بمطياف الكتلة Gas Chromatography / Mass Spectrometry (GC - MS) واظهرت النتائج ان نسبة الاحماض الدهنية المشبعة وغير المشبعة في دهن صفار بيض الدجاج كانت 45.14% و54.66% على التوالي، وفي دهن صفار بيض البط 45.89% و54.11% على التوالي، اما دهن صفار بيض الوز فكانت نسبة الاحماض الدهنية المشبعة فيه 33.02% وغير المشبعة 65.61% وبلغت اعلى نسبة للاحماض الدهنية غير المشبعة في دهن صفار بيض النعام 82.36% اما الاحماض الدهنية المشبعة 17.11%.4 - قدر محتوى الكولسترول باستعمال الطريقة الكيميائية اذ بلغت اعلى نسبة له في دهن صفار بيض الدجاج 13.56ملغم /غم ثم يليه دهن صفار بيض الوز بنسبة 11.02ملغم /غم، اما نسبته في دهن صفار بيض البط والنعام فقد كانت متقاربة وهي 10.70 و10.60ملغم /غم على التوالي.5 - قدرت تراكيز البروتين الدهني الواطئ الكثافةLow Density Lipoprotein (LDL) والبروتين الدهني العالي الكثافةHigh Density Lipoprotein (HDL) والبروتين الدهني واطئ الكثافة (vLDL)Density Lipoprotein Veryبجهاز Rflatron في دهن صفار بيض الدجاج والبط والوز والنعام وكانت تراكيز HDL في دهن صفار بيض الدجاج والبط والوز والنعام ( 50 و15و9 و93 ) mg/dl على التوالي، اما LDL فقد كانت ( 20 و21و 18 و33 ) mg/dl وvLDL بلغت ( 327 و253 و239 و250 ) mg/dl على التوالي.6 - قدرت نسبة الدهون الفسفورية في دهن صفار بيض الدجاج والبط والوز والنعام وبحسب انواعها Phosphatidyl choline (PC) وethanolamine (PE) Phosphatidyl وlinositol (PI) Phosphatidyl وكانت اعلى نسبة PC مقارنة بالفوسفولبيدات الاخرى لجميع انواع الدهن المدروسة حيث تراوحت قيم PC من 54.3 الى 83.7 في دهن صفار بيض الوز والدجاج على التوالي وPE من 4.7 الى 29.1 دهن صفار بيض الدجاج والوز على التوالي وPI من 2.2 الى 11.3 في دهن صفار بيض الدجاج والوز على التوالي.7 - بينت النتائج ان جميع انواع الدهون المدروسة احتوت على الفيتامينات A وD وE وK ولكن بنسب متفاوتة اذ تراوحت النسبة المئوية لها من 10.2 - 50.8 % لفيتامين A ومن 0.6 - 2.2 % لفيتامين D ومن 11.4 - 32.5 % لفيتامين E ومن 0.4 - 4.5 % لفيتامين K.8 - كان اعلى تركيز للكاروتينات في دهن صفار بيض الوز 192.29 ملغم/غم يليه دهن صفار النعام185.26 ملغم/غم ثم دهن صفار بيض الدجاج 136.83 ملغم/غم ودهن صفار بيض البط 109.56ملغم/غم.9 - الصفات الفيزيائية لدهن صفار بيض الدجاج والبط والوز والنعام : - - كانت قيم نقطة الانصهار في دهن صفار بيض الدجاج 40 م° والبط 41 م° والوز 39م° والنعام 30 م° وقد لوحظ انخفاض تدريجي خلال مدة الخزن. - اظهرت نتائج التحليل الاحصائي ان قيمة اللزوجة تاثرت معنويا (P<0.05) بين جميع انواع الطيور حيث تراوحت من 10.22الى 16.36 سنتي بويز في دهن صفار بيض الدجاج ومن10.67 الى 17.13سنتي بويز في دهن صفار بيض البط اما في دهن صفار بيض الوز والنعام انخفضت اللزوجة من 15.13 الى 9.45 و13.29 الى 8.2 سنتي بويز على التوالي، وقد تاثرت معنويا بتقدم فترات الخزن. - بينت النتائج ان قيمة معامل الانكسار لدهن صفار بيض الدجاج والبط والوز والنعام كانت 1.4663 و1.4661 و1.4665 و1.4671 على التوالي، وانخفضت خلال مدة الخزن اذ اتضح من نتائج التحليل الاحصائي وجود فروقات معنوية بينها. - اما قيم الوزن النوعي فقد تاثرت معنويا (P<0.05) بمصدر الدهن وكانت اعلى قيمة للوزن النوعي في دهن صفار بيض النعام 0.9663 وادنى قيمة في دهن صفار بيض الدجاج 0.9622 اما في دهن صفار بيض البط والوز فقد كانت قيمة 0.9632 و0.9650 على التوالي، وقد تاثرت معنويا بتقدم فترات الخزن.10 - اشارت الدراسة الى الصفات الكيميائية لدهن صفار بيض الدجاج والبط والوز والنعام اذ : - اظهرت نتائج التحليل الاحصائي وجود فروق معنوية (P<0.05) لتاثير مدة الخزن على قيم الرقم اليودي وتراوحت القيم لدهن الصفار بين اقل قيمة في دهن صفار بيض الدجاج 60 واعلى قيمة في دهن صفار بيض النعام 85، اما دهن صفار بيض البط والوز فكانت 67.33 و72.3 على التوالي، وقد انخفضت قيم الرقم اليودي باستمرار مدة الخزن. - اما قيم البيروكسيد فقد بلغت اقل قيمة لها في دهن صفار بيض الوز 0.18 مليمكافئ /كغم واعلى قيمة للبيروكسيد في دهن صفار بيض النعام 0.34 مليمكافئ /كغم ثم دهن صفار بيض البط 0.31 مليمكافئ /كغم واخيرا دهن صفار بيض الدجاج 0.22 مليمكافئ /كغم وقد ارتفعت قيمة البيروكسيد باستمرار فترة الخزن. - بلغت قيم التصبن لدهن صفار بيض الدجاج والبط والوز والنعام ( 175.2 و179.45 و190.2 و170.2 ) مليمكافئ /كغم على التوالي، وقد ارتفعت قيم التصبن باستمرار مدة الخزن. - كما اظهرت نتائج التحليل الاحصائي وجود تاثر معنوي في قيم الحموضة لدهن صفار بيض الدجاج والبط والوز والنعام اذ كانت 0.28 و0.31 و0.56 و0.40 ملغم KOH /غم على التوالي، وقد لوحظ ارتفاع قيم الحموضة تدريجيا خلال مدة الخزن | The current Study including of separating chicken, duck, goose and ostrich egg yolk fat and studying its Content of the metallic elements Free fatty acid cholesterol , Lipoproteins , Phospholipids , Carotenes , Vitamins , and its Physical and Chemical properties and flowed after period of storage for 30, 60, 90, days. The results were as follow : 1 - The results of the study of the chemical contents showed significant differences among the sorts of the studied egg and the percentage of the moisture Varied from 46.60% to 49.34% the oil from 31.63% to 34.65% , the protein from 15.55% to 16.75% the ash from 1.00% to 1.33% and the yolk egg of the ducks got the highest percentage of oil . 2 - The results of the metallic elements analysis in the yolk and the oil of the yolk showed that the iron element was the highest in concentration in comparison with other elements . lt varies from 8.52 ppm to 10.08 in the yolk and from 2.44ppm to 9.16ppm in oil . As for the other elements its concentrations varied according to the types of the egg which was used in the study . According to the pb 2.48ppm to 4.58ppm in yolk and from 2.05 to 2.53ppm in the oil , and Zinc element from 0.808 to 0.852ppm in the yolk and form 0.02 ppm to 2.92ppm in the oil . As for the Cadmium element from 0.117 to 0.259ppm in yolk , and 0.067 to 0.081ppm in oil and the CU element varies from 0.01 to 0.215 ppm in yolk and from o.o5ppm to 0.74 ppm in the oil . 3 - The total free fatty acid to the oil of the yolk in the egg of chicken and ducks and ostrich was amounted and the quantity , and quality of the fatty acid was identified by the technique of gas chromatography by mass Spectrometry GC - MS .The results showed that the percent of saturated fatty acid and unsaturated fatty acid for the oil of the yolk in the egg of chicken was from 45.14% and 54.66% respectively and for the oil of the egg of the ducks was from 45.89 to 54.77%, while oil in the yolk of the Gooses egg was 33.02% saturated and 65.661% unsaturated . The highest percentage of the unsaturated fatty acid in the oilof ostriches egg which was 82.36% , while the saturated was 17.11%. 4 - The cholesterol was amounted by using the chemical method where the highest percentage in the yolk oil of the chicken eggs which was reached 13.56 mg/100g . and the duck. Comes then which reached to 11.02 ,while its percentage in the yolk oil of the ducks and ostrich's was approximately 10.70 and 10.60 respectively . 5 - The Concentrations of the Low Density lipoprotein ( LDL ) and the high density lipoprotein by the Rflatron in the yolk oil of the egg of chicken, ducks , Geese and Ostrich and the concentrations were 93,5,15and 50 respectively .while LDL was 33,18,21,20 and vLDL were reached 350, 239, 253 and 327 respectively. 6 - The amount of lipid phosphate in the yolk of the chicken, ducks, Geese, and ostriches egg according to its types (PC) phosphatidyl and ethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidyl inositol (Pl) for all types of the studied yolk were varied from 54.3 to 83.7 for (PE) from 29.1 to 4.1 and (Pl) from 2.2 to 11 .7 - The percentage of vitamin were showed that all lipids studied contained deferent vitamins A, D, E, and K 10.2 - 50.8% for Vit, A , 0.6 - 2.2% for Vit. D, 11.4 - 32.5% for vit. E and 0.4 - 4.5% for vit. K . 8 - The Creations was amounted and the highest Concentration was noticed in the oil of yolk of the Geese mg/g and then the oil of the chicken egg, and the oil of the ducks egg. 9 - The physical properties of the oil in chicken ,ducks, Geese's , ostrich egg were as followed : - The amount of polting point in the oil of the yolk in the chickens egg 40C0 and 41C0 and Geese's 41C and ostriches 30m0 and it reached to alow point through the time of storage . - The result of the statistical analysis showed that the amomt 0f viscosity was influenced (P<0.05) among all types of birds where varied from 16.36 to 10.22 in the oil of the yolk of the chicken egg and from 10.67 to 17.13 in ducks while in Geese and ostrich was lowered from 15.13 to 9.45 and 13.29 to 8.2 respectively . - The results showed that refractive index for the oil in chicken was 1.4663 in ducks was 1.4661 in Geese was 1.4665 and in ostrich was 1.4671 and it was decreased during the period of storage and the statisticed analysis showed that there are significance differences among them. - As for the amomt of the weight it was inflamed by the source of the oil and the highest amount was for the oil in the yolk of ostrich egg 0.9663 and the lowest amomt in chicken 0.9622 while the ducks was 0.9632 , 0.9650 respectively . 10 - The chemical Properties for the yolk lipid of chicken , geese, duckes and ostrich were as follows : - The statistical analysis result showed that there were differences (P<0.05) in period of storage for the lodic number which was from the lowest amount in the chicken egg (60) and highest in lipid of the ostrich egg 85 , while the ducks and geese 67.33 and 72.3 respectively , and the lodin number amomts were decreased by the continuity of the peviod of storage. - The peroxide value reached smallest amount value in geese yolk egg 0.18 mq/kg and highest amount value in ostrich yolk egg oil 0.34 mq/kg then ducks yolk egg oil 0.31 mq/kg finally chicken yolk egg oil 0.22mq/kg and the peroxide value increased by the continuity of the storage period . - The saponification value of chicken egg yolk oil 175.2 mq/kg and ducks yolk egg oil 179.45 mq/kg geese yolk egg oil 190.2 mq/kg and ostrich yolk egg oil 170.2 mq/kg a high point by the continuity of the story period. - The statistical analysis result showed that there is an effect on the acid yolk oil it was 0.40,0.56,0.31, 0.28/KOH respectively and the amount of acid value were increased through the period of storing
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الاغذية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: ام البشر حميد جابر الموسوي
اسم المؤلف: وفاء علي رحيم الشويلي

دراسة بعض التغيرات المرافقة لتلقيح وعقد ثمار النخيل Phoenix dactylifera L صنفي الحلاوي والساير study of some accompanying changes to pollination and fruit set of date palm Phoenixe dactylifera L.CV. Hillawi and Sayer

المستخلص: The present study was carried out during the growing season of 2014 and 2015 in a private orchard in Shatt Al - Arab with the objective of knowing the effect of pollination 1, 2, 4 and 8 day from opening of female spathes, source of pollen (Ghannami Akhder and Smasmii) and by passing pollination process by spraying unpollinated flowers with the growth regulators and ethephon on certain aspects of the physiology and anatomy of date palm fruits cvs. Hillawi and Sayer. The results may be summarized as follows : 1 - The date pollination had no effect on fruit growth curve, but had a significant effect on length of the khalal stage which was 22, 18, 16 and 15 days for the cv. Hillawi and 24, 20, 18 and 17 days for the cv. Sayer, for the pollination dates 1, 2, 4, and 8 from opening of female spathes. The fruits of Hillawi and Sayer cultivars entered the tamr stage after 19 and 20 weeks from pollination respectively.2 - Fruits produced from flowers pollinated 8 days from opening during the khalal stage was superior in all physical characteristics of the fruit, with the exception of seed weight, which had its highest weight during the first date of pollination, however therewere no significant differences in fruit for both growing seasons, fruits of the cv.Hillawi had the highest values of physical characteristics in cooperation with those of Sayer cv.3 - As for Chemical characteristics of the fruits, the fourth pollination date (8 days from flower opening) gave a significantly highest value of total soluble solids, total sugars and dry matter. The highest values for reducing sugars was recorded during the second date of pollination( 2 days after female spathes opening), fruits of athe cv. Hillawi had the highest values for all those chemical constituents with its highest value with fruit of Sayer cv. 4 - These was significant difference of the unpollinated flowers in free amino acid and soluble proteins content, The second date of pollination gave the highest concentration of free amino acids 3.269mg.g - 1, whereas the fourth pollination date gave the highest1.856mg.gP - 1 P . As for the date of sampling , the fruits record during the third date ( 5 days after pollination) had the highest concentration of both free amino acids and soluble proteins, fruits of the cv. Hillawi had a significantly high concentration of both chemical constituents in comparison with fruits of the Sayer cv.5 - The results showed, that there were significant difference in the concentration of both auxin and cytokinins of the flowers ،422.5 271.5, where the second date of pollination gave the highest concentration of both hormones in the flowers, the date of sampling after pollination, had no effect on the concentration of auxins. however, the third sampling date( 5 days from pollination) had the highest of cytokinins in young fruits cv. Hillawi had the highest values with fruit of Sayer cv. .6 - The fourth date of pollination had the highest percentage ripening whereas the second date of pollination gave the highest fruit set percentage bunch weight during the rutab stage. Fruits of the cv. Hillawi was superior with respect to percentage fruit set, percentage fruit ripening, bunch weight as compared with fruits of the cv. Sayer. As for the effect of pollen source7 - The pollen source had no effect on fruit growth curve, but had a significant effect on the length of the khalal stage, the length of the klalal stage for fruit produced by the pollen Ghannami Akhdar wasb18 and 21 days for fruits of the cvs.Hillawi and Sayer respectively, whereas the length of the khalal stage for fruits produced the Smasmii pollen was 21 and 25 days for both cultivars respectively.8 - Fruit pollinated by Ghannami Akhdar had the highest values for the physical characteristics, as compared with fruits produced by the pollen Smasmii the pollen source Ghannami Akhdar recorded.9 - the highest values for total soluble solids and dry matter, whereas the pollen source Smasmii gave the highest value for the water content and total acidity. Fruit of the cv. Hillawi had the highest value for those chemical constituents as compared with fruits of the cv. Sayer.10 - As for sugars, the increase in reducing and total sugars was slow during early stage of fruit growth, thereafter, there was a rapid increase in sugars which reached its highest values during the 18 the week from pollination. For sucrose, its content in the fruit was at its highest during the 16 th week from pollination. Fruit produced by the pollen source Ghannami Akhdar had a significantly higher content of reducing and total sugars as well as sucrose. Fruits of the cv. Hillawi had a significantly higher sugars as compared with fruits of the Sayer cultivar.11 - As for changes in the activity of the enzymes invertase and cellulose the activity was low during early stage of fruit growth, and the highest level of activity was recorded during the 16 th week from pollination for both enzymes, for fruits of both cultivars. However, the activity of both invertase and cellulose was high for fruits of the Hillawi cv.2093, 787.7 As compared with fruits Sayer.12 - As for auxins, the concentration was in unpollinated female flowers. Fruits produced by the pollen Ghannami Akhdar had the highest concentration of auxins397.3 as compared with fruitscproduced by the pollen source Smasmii, the fifth sampling date( 7 days from pollination) gave the highest auxin concentration of young fruits. The unpollinated flowers of the cv. Hillawi had a significantly higher concentration of auxins as compared with those of the Sayer cv.13 - The study of embryogenesis of female flowers have shown that the process of fertilization took place after 2 days for flowers of Hillawi and Sayer pollinated by the pollen source Ghannami Akhdar, whereas fertilization took place after three days for flowers pollinated with pollen source Smasmii. However, the cv. Hillawi was superior in those characters as compared with the sayer cv.14 - The pollen source also, had a significant effect on percentage fruit set and fruit ripening, bunch weight as compared with fruits produced by the pollen Smasmii. However, fruits of the cv. Hillawi was a significantly superior, in those characteristics.15 - As for the by passing of the process of pollination by treating unpollinated flower with gibberellic acid and ethephon, such treatments had no effect on fruit growth curve, for both cultivars.16 - As for anatomical characteristic of parthenocarpic fruits not treated with gibberellic acid and ethephon(control), it gave the highest number of layers of exocarp, hypodermis and stone cells. The seeded fruits had the highest thickness of the inner mesocarp. Fruits of the cv. Sayer was superior with respect to thickness of the exocarp cells, hypodermis and stone cells, outer and inner mesocarp and tannin cells 259.6, 117.9, 117.8, 810.0, 3734, 773 μm Also, there were a change in the number as the Sayer cv 630.0mmPP. Had the highest number of cells as compared with fruits of the cv.Hillawi. The Hillawi showed the highest width of cells 72.5 μm, as compared with the cv. Sayer, but there were no difference in cell length. The control treatment gave the highest number of cells in pith tissues of parthenocarpic fruit, whereas the seeded fruit gave the highest length and width of cells.17 - treatment with gibberellic acid and ethephon had a significant effect on chemical characteristics of the parthenocarpic fruits treatment with 200mg.l - 1 +1000mg.l - 1 ethephon, caused a significant increase in total sugars and reducing, total soluble solids, and ripening percentage 56.09, 47.97, 59.09, 23.09% for parthenocarpic fruits of both cultivars Hillawi and Sayer. e
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
السنة: 2016
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: مؤید فاضل عباس ابتھاج حنظل التمیمي
اسم المؤلف: وسن فوزي فاضل عباس الابریسم

تاثير حامض الاسكوربيك وانزيم الكلوكوز اوكسيديز في الصفات النوعية والريولوجية لدقيق الحنطة المحلية ضعيفة الكلوتين Effect of ascorbic acid and glucose oxidase enzyme on the rheological properties and quality of the local wheat flour of weak gluten

المستخلص: This study was carried out as an attempt to improve rheological and chemical properties of local wheat flour of weak gluten, by the addition of ascorbic acid and glucose oxidase enzyme as individuals and in synergy, to the flour.The chemical composition of local wheat flour and imported wheat was studied (Eba’e 99 , Rasheed , Bihooth , Australian) . Reduction of protein percentage was noticed of local wheat's varieties compared with protein percentage of imported wheat . The highest protien percentage was in imported wheat 13.55% and the lowest was in Eba’e 99 wheat 12.1% , at the same time ,the highest ash percentage was in Eba’e 99 wheat flour, 1.06%, whereas the highest percentage of fat was in Rasheed variety 1.8% . It was noticed the raise of dry and wet gluten in imported variety flour ,it reached 32.5 , 10.8% frequently. Whereas the results related to the tests of flour strength showed the surpass of imported class that the value of Pelshenke test 250 minutes, Zeleny test was 41 cm3, compared with local variety, Whereas Eba’e 99 variety showed the lowest values compared with studied classes, it reached the value of Pelshenke test 92 minutes, sedimentation test was 20 cm3.The flour used in the study was evaluated of rheological properties for Eba’e 99 wheat flour using farinograph and extensograph tests, to be not useful for bread making, It has Developing and stability times were low. It has a high degree of softening, farinograph quality number were low . Its extension resistance, extensibility and extensograph area were low as compared to those of normal bread flour.The flour (80% extraction) was treated by the addition of ascorbic acid and glucose oxidase as individuals and in synergy, in order to study their effects as improvers in the rheological properties of wheat flour dough. The results were as follows : 1. Ascorbic acid and glucose oxidase possessed a positive effect on the rheological properties when it were added them as improvers to the wheat flour as individuals with Different concentrations. The concentration of 50 ppm and 20 ppm respectively, were the best among different concentrations according to farinograph and extensograph tests.2. Synergetic effect of Ascorbic acid and glucose oxidase was observed highest readings of farinograph test, it reached the value of developing and stability times 5.0 , 4.3 minutes, respectively. It has low in degree of softening 63 FU, Whereas the farinograph quality number was raising to 59. Its extensograph readings were high, the recorded elastic recovery was 4.6, 4.0 and 4.2 at interval times (45, 90, 135) min, respectively.The results treatment of the flour with Ascorbic acid and glucose oxidase as individuals and in synergy showed significant and another non - significant increase in wet and dry gluten content and a significant increase in gluten index. The best results were obtained in the flour which had treated with Ascorbic acid and glucose oxidase as in synergy with concentrations of 40 ppm and 0.001%, respectively in which the gluten index reached 87.09%.A significant increase of disulfide concentration accompanied by a significant decrease in free sulfhydryl concentration were obtained by treating the flour with Ascorbic acid and glucose oxidase, especially with in synergy treatment by which disulfide concentration was significantly raised to 3.421× 10 - 4 mole/gm gluten as compared to control sample (3.101 mole/gm gluten). This effect caused improvement of dough properties especially in retaining of carbon dioxide gas in the gluten network. A significant decrease in loaf weight accompanied by a significant increase in both the volume and specific volume were obtained upon all treatments.The best result was obtained by treating the flour with Ascorbic acid and glucose oxidase, as in synergy with concentrations of 40 ppm and 0.001% .Sensory evaluation of the produced loaf, which was conducted by proficient in cereal chemistry and technology, showed a significant improvement in all of its quality parameters in the treated flour. The effect of Ascorbic acid and glucose oxidase, as in synergy was very clear in improving all of sensory parameters as compared to the untreated flour sample.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الاغذية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: علي احمد الساهي
اسم المؤلف: وسام كريم عبيد الربيعي

تاثير موعد الزراعة ومسافتها والمعاملة بالمحفز الحيوي Bio Health وتداخلاتها في نمو وحاصل الثمار والزيت الطيار لنبات الكراويه Carum carvi L. وفعالياته الكيمواحيائية

المستخلص: The present study was conducted during the growing season of 2013/2014 in Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Field of the College of Agriculture / Basrah University, to study the effect of sowing date, plant spacing and plant treatment with Bio Health WSG and their interactions on growth and yield of Carum carvi L. plant and its biochemical activities.The study included 12 factorial treatments, which were the combinations of two sowing dates, i.e. 20/9, 10/10 ; three plant spacing , i.e. 20, 30 or 40 cm between plants and other and plant treatment with Bio Health WSG and without treatment. A Complete Randomized Block Design in a factorial experiment was used with three replicates. Treatment means were compared according to the Least Significant Difference (LSD) at probability level of 0.05%.The most important results may be summarized as follows : - 1 - Effect of sowing dates : Cultivated plants on 20/9 had a significant effect in plant height, number of main branches. plant - 1, number of fruiting branches. plant - 1, fresh and dry weights of shoot system. plant - 1, date to the appearance of the first inflorescence, the total number of inflorescences. plant - 1, total number of mini inflorescences. plant - 1, mean of the total number of florets. plant - 1 total sum of fruits. plant - 1 (25.83g), weight of 1000 fruits, the productivity of fruits hectare - 1 (2.695 tons), percentage of volatile oil (3.2%), oil yield .plant - 1 (0.82g), productivity of oil hectare - 1 (84.4g), refractive index of volatile oil, leaves content of total chlorophyll, fruits content of total solubleSummaryBcarbohydrates. Plant cultivated on 10 /10 had a significant effect in volatile oil density and its specific gravity, while there were no significant effects for cultivated date in total number of leaves. plant - 1, total number of mini inflorescences. inflorescence - 1, leaves content of total soluble carbohydrate and total protein percentage in fruits.2 - Effect of plant spacing : Cultivated plants at 40 cm had a significant effects in fresh and dry weights of shoot system. plant - 1, total of mini inflorescences. inflorescence - 1, total number of inflorescences.plant - 1, sum total of fruits .plant - 1 (21.10g). Cultivated plants distance at 30 cm had a significant effects in number of fruiting branches. plant - 1, percentage of volatile oil (3.1%), oil yield per plant (0.60g), productivity of oil per hectare (58.9kg), content of total soluble carbohydrate. Cultivated plants at distance of 20 cm had a significant effects in productivity fruits of per hectare (2.252 tons). On the other hand, there were no significant effects for cultivation distance in plant height, number of main branches. plant - 1, the date of the first appearance of inflorescence, mean of total number of florets . plant - 1, weight of 1000 fruits, volatile oil density, and its specific gravity, leaves content of total soluble carbohydrate and total protein percentage in fruits.3 - Effect of treatment with Bio Health WSGTreated plants with Bio Health WSG gave significant increases in the number of number of fruiting branches. plant - 1, percentage of volatile oil (2.7%), oil yield per plant (0.55g), productivity of oil per hectare (56.0kg), leaves content of total chlorophyll .While, treated plants withBio Health WSG had no significant effect on the other studied characteristics.SummaryC4 - Effect of the interactions : There were a significant effect on all the double and triple interactions in plant height , number of fruiting branches. plant - 1, dry weight of shoot system. plant - 1, total number of inflorescences. plant - 1, total of mini inflorescences. inflorescence - 1, total sum of fruits. plant - 1, productivity of fruits per hectare, percentage of volatile oil, oil yield per plant, productivity of oil per hectare, volatile oil refractive index and its density, leaves content of total chlorophyll, leaves and fruits contents of total soluble carbohydrate. All double and triple interactions except for the interaction of the date of agriculture cultivation and bio Health WSG treatment significant effect in total number of leaves. plant - 1.Double and triple interactions except for the interaction between cultivation distance and bio Health WSG treatment had a significant effect in number of main branches. plant - 1, fresh weight of shoot system, date of the first appearance of inflorescence, rate of the total number of florets. plant - 1, weight of 1000 fruits, specific gravity of oil, leaves content of total soluble carbohydrate. The interference between the distance, cultivation date and bio Health WSG treatment only had significant effect in the total of number of mini inflorescences. inflorescence - 1, and the triple interaction had only significant effect in protein percentage in fruits.5. Chemical components of the volatile oil : A test done by Gas chromatography - mass spectrometry Shimadzu GC MS QP2010 Ultra has showed that the most important chemical volatile oil components were carvone and limonene, whose means were ranged 32.73 - 51 - 55% and 33.34 - 57.05%, respectively. They were differed in their content of these two components, cultivated plants on first date at a distance of 20 cm which treated with bio Health WSG produced theSummaryDcontent of carvone (51.55%), and plants cultivated in the second date at a distance of 40 cm not treated with bio Health WSG produced limonene at a percentage (57.05%).5. Effectiveness of aqueous and alcoholic extracts and oil of the plant against the two types of pathogenic bacteria to human : Test was bone to the effectiveness of four concentrations which were 50, 100, 200, 400 mg.ml - 1 of the aqueous extracts besides, methyl and ethylalcoholic extracts for fruits and roots of the plant at three concentrations which were 25, 50 and 100% of volatile oil of its fruit in vitro on the two types of bacteria tested, i.e. bacteria Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus by using filter paper disc diffusion method . Each of the ethanolic extract of roots of concentration at 200 mg /ml - 1 and concentration 100% oil were effective of the growth of bacteria E. coli .They reached the diameter of inhibition 20 mm. Methanolic extract of the roots at concentration of 200 mg.ml - 1gater gave the highest inhibition of the growth of bacteria staph. aureus amount 25mm.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - البستنة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: سميرة عبد الكريم مطرود
اسم المؤلف: وداد علي عبد سلمان البهادلي

انتاج نشا مقاوم واستخدامه في التغليف الدقيق للبكتريا العلاجية production of resistant starch used in Microencapsulation of probiotic bacteria

المستخلص: The chemical composition was estimated for potatoes, sorghum and rice, and was noticed the difference in the chemical composition significantly for this sources. Increasing of moisture as compared with potatoes and rice which reached 76.3% , and sorghum significantly with high proportion of protein, fat and ash (13.80, 2.5 and 1.70)% respectively. The highest proportion of carbohydrate was found in rice as it reached 80.43% .Starch was extracted by the moist method and the chemical composition of starch was studied. The plant sources differed in chemical content, and was observed increasing in moisture significantly for potato starch (12.2%) as compared with sorghum and rice starch, while the superior content of the rice starch was in protein, fat and carbohydrates (1.45 and 0.33 and 90.87)% respectively, and the highest of ash was found in sorghum starch 0.52%.Then the extracted starch was modified from its primary sources physically by the moist thermal treatment and chemically by cross linkages. The physical characteristics of modified starch were studied, and the results were as the following : ● Each of the natural and modified starch from various sources in the physical properties, it was observed increasing in the solubility of the natural starch granules of potatoes, sorghum and rice from the modified starch granules. The solubility was increased gradually by increasing of the temperature, the highest solubility was found in the natural starch granules (6.2, 7.4 and 6.35) % respectively at temperature of 90 ̊C , and (6.14,6.87 and 6.13)% respectively in the modified starch granules by moist thermal method, and (5.4, 5.28 and 5.99)% respectively in the modified starch granules by cross linkages, while inceasing in the swelling of the natural starch granules to each of potatoes, sorghum and rice starch as compared with the modified starch granules and inceasing the swelling gradually by increasing the temperature. The highest swelling was found in the natural starch granules (10.35, 10.18 and 10.17) gram/gram respectively at temperature of 90 ̊C , while for modified starch samples by moist thermal method which reached (9.25, 9.22 and 9) gram/gram respectively and samples of the starch modified by cross linkages reached (8.97, 8.98 and 8.55) gram/gram respectively.●The percentage the percentage of phosphorus in the natural starch extracted from its primary sources was significantly at (P≤ 0.05) with the modified starch varied chemically by cross linkages as the superiority of the modified potato starch with highest which reached 0.39% .Active groups of chemically modified starch molecules have been identified diagnosed by FT - IR apparatus, as the presence of a band at wave length (998.411 ,99864 and 1020.64) cm - 1 respectively, which belongs to the elasticity vibrating for the bound C - O - P .The procedure of the Microencapsulation packaging for L.plantarum, L.caise and L.acidophilus was done by three different mixtures with concentrations ranged between (1 - 3)% each of sodium alginate, natural and resistant starch both individually, and found that the best mixture was when used a combination of sodium alginate and resistant starch at concentration 2% for each (mixture A), and used the starters Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp bulgaricus in the manufacture of the yoghurt and mixed with the starter of yoghurt, examined the change in the pH and titrating acidity for yoghurt product during different periods of storage at temperature of 4 ̊C and study the change in the logarithm of the live numbers during the storage period extended for 28 days.The effect of the packaging process on the survival, Bacteria was studied and the results were as showed the following : ●It was found that the resistance of coated bacteria using a combination of sodium alginate and starch resistant with concentration of 2% for each of them was the best of free bacteria resistance when exposed to low acidic conditions which reached 2.5, 2 and 1.5 , and particularly at the third hour of incubation as a percentage decline in live numbers logarithm / ml 34.76, 39.61 and 44.83% respectively, to L.plantarum bacteria and 36.25, 41.89 and 46.86% respectively, to L.caise bacteria and 35.35 , 41.84 and 45.78%, respectively, to L.acidophilus bacteria. As well as observed that the resistance of bacteria coated to different concentration of the yellow salts reached 0.1 , 0.2 and 0.3% was higher than the resistance of free bacteria after three hours of incubation as a percentage decline in live numbers logarithm / ml 2.54, 3.34 and 4.19% respectively to L.plantarum bacteria , and 2.87 ,3.78 and 4.60% respectively to L.caise bacteria , and 2.93,3.97 and 4.77% respectively to L.acidophilus bacteria .● coated bacteria showed better resistance during the process of freezdrying compared with free bacteria as a percentage decline in live numbers logarithm / ml 2.24, 3.01 and 4.16% respectively to L.plantarum bacteria , and 2.09, 3.34 and 4.47% respectively to L.caise bacteria , and 2.19,3.29 and 4.58% respectively to L.acidophilus bacteria .
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الاغذية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: نوفل عبد الامير حسين الحلفي الاء غازي الهاشمي
اسم المؤلف: هديل ناظم مراد

دراسة التغيرات الكيميائية والميكروبية لجبن المونتيري المضاف اليه المعزز الحيوي Study of chemical and microbial changes of Probiotic monterey cheese

المستخلص: Probiotics bacteria[[ which[ including Lactobacillus acidophilus ,Bifidobacterium longum were added (1011 cfu/ml) during Monterey cheese manufacturing after the reactivation and the results obtained were : 1 - Decreasing of moisture content for Monterey cheese manufactured by adding the mixed starter Probiotic after 42 days of ripening, reaching )38.96(% comparing with the other samples. 2 - Increasing of protein ratio while using the mixed starter in manufacturing of Monterey cheese comparing with control Monterey cheese and Monterey cheese manufactured by adding the single starter, reaching after 42 days of ripening to (23.41, 23.78 and 23.6 ( 4 % respectively, as well as increasing of soluble nitrogen ratio in Monterey cheese manufactured by adding the mixed starter comparing with the other cheeses during the progress of ripening period to reach )0.875( after 42 days. 3 - Fat ratio increased in cheese samples, the higher increase was at the end of ripening period after 42 days in Monterey cheeses manufactured by adding mixed starter reaching )30.45(% after comparing with )31.20 and 31.03(% for control and single starter manufactured cheeses respectively. 4 - Salt ratio of Monterey cheese manufactured by adding mixed starter was )1.55( after 42 days of ripening comparing with control cheese and Monterey cheeses manufactured by adding the single starter which were )1.45 and 1.53( respectively.5 - Increasing of ash ratio for Monterey cheese manufactured by adding mixed starter reaching after 42 days of ripening (4.27)% comparing with control cheese and Monterey cheese manufactured by adding the single starter which were (4.16 and 4.20) % respectively. 6 - Decreasing of the pH for the three Monterey cheese samples, the maximum decrease after 42 days of ripening was (5.20) when adding mixed starter, while for the control and single starter Monterey chesses the pH was (5.62 and 5.42) respectively. We notice increasing the titratable acidity of Monterey cheese manufactured by adding mixed starter reaching (0.92) comparing with control and single starter Monterey cheeses which reached (0.54 and 0.72) respectively after 42 days of ripening. 7 - Increasing the numbers of proteolytic and lipolytic bacteria in the progress of ripening period until 28 days then started to reduce for all cheese samples. 8 - Increasing the numbers of total bacteria for cheese samples during ripening period until 28 days then started to reduce tow logarithmic cycle during manufacturing period. 9 - The result of electrophoresis showed that the average of not proteolyses for cheese manufacture using mixed starter was higher compared to others. 10 - Monterey cheeses manufactured by adding mixed starter was best than control and single starter Monterey cheeses when conducting the organoleptic evaluation, especially for flavor
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الاغذية
السنة: 2017
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: سرمد غازي محمد حيدر ابراهيم علي
اسم المؤلف: هدى محمد عبد محمد السراي

تاثير حقن بيض التفقيس ببعض المغذيات والتغذية المبكرة في بعض الصفات الانتاجية والفسيولوجية لفروج اللحم The effect of in ovo - injection of Hatching Eggs with Some Nutrients and early Feeding on Productive Performance and Some Physiological Traits of Broiler Chicks

المستخلص: This study was undertaken at the poultry field of Animal ResourceDepartment \college of Agriculture \University of Basra in Jan.,28th toMar.,3th,2013 and in Oct.,28th to December,23th 2013 for the first and secondexperimentrespectively . The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectof hatching eggs injection with the some nutritious (Folic acid vitamins,Pyridoxine, Threonine amino acid) for the first experiment and choosing besttreatment from first experiment and injection with Arginine amino acid ,folicacid as well as the effect of feeding time on the performance and somephysiological traits of broiler chicks .In the first experiment ,825 hatching eggsof Ross 308 broiler were received from the hatchery .At 14th day of incubationstage ,eggs were tested and unfertile eggs were discarded ,the remainder eggswere divided into seven treatments and injected with 0.1 ml of solution in airsac position of the egg as follows : 1. First treatment : injection 100 eggs with 0.1ml of threonine solution (30μgconcentration per an egg).2. Second treatment : injection 100 eggs with 0.1 ml of b6 vitamin solution(100μg concentration per an egg)3. Thirdtreatment : injection 100 eggs with 0.1 ml of mix from L - threonine aminoacid plus b6 vitamin (30μgand 100μg) per an egg.4. Fourthtreatment : injection 100 eggs with 0.1 ml of Folic acid vitamin solution(250g) per of an egg.5. Fifthtreatment : injection 100 eggs with 0.1 ml of mix solution from Lthreonineamino acid plus Folic acid vitamin (30μg and 250 g) per an egg.6. Sixthtreatment : positiveControl : injection100 eggs with 0.1 mlSterile distilledwaterper egg.7. Seventhtreatment : negativeControl : 155 eggs were left withoutinjection.Hatching chicks of each treatment were distributed in to three replicate (15 Chicksfor each replicate) .Birds were reared up to five weeks of age.The results of first experiment painted out to : 1. There was significantly (P<0.05) proceeding for the treatment of egg injectionwith some nutrients on hatching percentage ,hatching chick weight ,bodyBweight ,body weight gain and weekly and Cumulative feed conversion ratio.whereas, this treatment showed less embryonic mortality percentage incomparison with other experimental treatments and There was significantly(P<0.05) increase in weekly and Cumulative feed intake of birds that werehatched from injected eggs with ( folic acid ,threonine amino acid) during thesecond ,fourth and fifth week were as ,the treatment of pyridoxine injectionshowed less mortality percentage compared to other experimental treatments .2. Treatment of folic acid and threonine and pyridoxine injection showedsignificant (P<0.05) increases in the dressingpercentage, weights of breast,thigh and edible viscera comparison with other treatments.3. There was significantly(P<0.05) increase in red blood cells number,hemoglobinconcentration package cells volume of broilers that were hatchedfrom egg injection with (folic acid plus threonine) at 3 and 5 weeks of agecompared to other treatment While , Treatment of Pyridoxine eggs injectionshowed highest mean of white blood cells at 3 weeks of age, whereas,treatment of Pyridoxine and folic acid eggs injection proceeding otherexperimental treatment in highest mean of white blood cells at 5 weeks of age .4. There was significantly(P<0.05) increase in total protein concentration,glucose ,Globulins, and less uric acid concentration and cholesterol in chicksblood serum of folic acid and threonine egg injection treatment at 3 and 5weeks of age in comparison with other treatment. Whereas, there were nosignificant effect of egg injection on triglycerides concentration and on T3 andT4 hormone in broiler blood serum.5. There was no significantly effect of egg injection with nutritive on low densityfatty proteins concentration whereas,the negativecontrol treatment showedhighest concentration of low and high proteins at 3 and 5 weeks of agecompared to other experimental treatments.6. T4 hormone concentration in hatchingbroiler blood serum of threonineinjection treatment increased significant (P<0.05) at 3 weeks of age ,whereas,T4 hormones concentration was higher respecting treatment of folic acid andthreonine injection at 5 weeks of age in comparison with other treatment.7. There was significantly (P<0.05) increase in phosphorus ,calcium and ferricconcentrations in blood serum of the hatchingbroilers of folic acid andthreonine egg injection treatment at 3 and 5 weeks of age in comparison withother treatments.C8. There was significantly (P<0.05) increase in the villus lengths cryptsdepth ofjejunum of the boilers Caracasrespecting Folicacid and Threonine injectiontreatment in comparison with other treatment.According to the firstexperiment results and choosing the best treatment of egginjection with nutritive, the second experiment was carried out .the treatmentof this experiment whereas follows : 1. Firsttreatment : hatching eggs injection with (30μg of threonine, 250g of folicacid) per an egg.2. Secondtreatment : hatching eggs injection with (5 μg of arginine) per an egg.3. Thirdtreatment : hatching eggs injection with (5 μg of arginine plus 250 goffolic acid) per an egg.4. Fourth treatment : the control treatment (withoutinjection).Hatching chicks of each treatment were divided in to groups each of threereplicates ( 12 Chicks for each replicates ) .firstgroups chicks were fed at thehatchery ,whereas,second groupschicks were fed after 24 hours at field. Chickswere reared from 1 day after hatching up to 5 weeks of age .the results of thesecond experiment pointed out to : 1. Treatments of injection with arginine and Folic acid and threonine plus folicacid proceeding significantly (P<0.05) in hatching percentage andhatchingchicksweight, whereas, This treatment showed less percentage of lateembryonic mortality in comparison with other treatments. Also, Broiler birdsof Arginine and Folic acid injection treatment showed significantly (P˂0.05)increase in body weight, weekly body again, weekly and Cumulativefeedintake,weekly and Cumulative feed conversion ratio and dressing percentage.Whereas, treatment with arginine and folic acid injection showed less totalmortality mean compared to other treatments. Also, there was significantly(P˂0.05) effect of feeding time on some productive traits. Treatments offeeding at the hatchery showed significant increase in body weight, bodyweight gain, feed intake, better feed conversion ratio and dressing percentagein comparison with treatments of feeding at field after 24 hours.2 - There was a significantly (P˂0.05) effect of interaction between eggs injectionwith nutritious and feeding time on body weight, body weight gain and feedconversion ratio. Treatment of folic acid arginine (hatchery feeding) showedDhighest body weight, body weight gain, better feed conversion ratio incomparison with the control treatment (Field Feeding after 24 hours).Treatment of arginine injection (HatcheryFeeding) was highest dressingpercentage, whereas there was no significant effect of interaction on feedintake and total mortality.3 - Treatment of threonine and folic acid injection showed a significantly (P˂0.05)increase in bird’s body fullness, gizzard weight and Fabricia gland. Whereas,treatment of arginine and folic acid injection showed a significantly (P˂0.05)increase in breast fullness liver and heart weight in comparison with othertreatments.4 - Feeding time affected significantly (P˂0.05) on some carcasses traits. Carcassesof feeding at hatchery treatment were better significantly in body fullness,breastfullness, and heart, liver, gizzard, and Fabricia gland and pancreasweights. Whereas, carcasses of feeding at field treatment were of high pad fatweight. There was no significant effect of interaction between injection andfeeding time on carcasses traits.5 - There was a significant (P˂0.05) increase in red and white blood cells numbers 3days and 5 weeks of age and in hemoglobin concentration at 5 weeks of agerespecting the treatment of arginine and folic acid in comparison with othertreatments. Control treatment exceeded in Heterophil cells\ lymphocyte cellspercentage at 3 and 5 weeks of age compared to treatments.6 - There was a significantly (P˂0.05) effect of feeding time on some cellular bloodcharacteristics. Treatment of the field feeding exceeded in red blood cellsnumbers, hemoglobin concentration and Heterophil cells\lymphocyte cellspercentage at 3 days and 5 weeks of age. Whereas, treatment of the hatcheryfeeding exceeded in white blood cells numbers compared to treatment of thefield feeding after 24 hours.There was no significantly (P˂0.05) effect ofinteraction between injection and feeding time on the cellular bloodcharacteristics at 3days of age, whereas this interaction affected significantly(P˂0.05) on the white blood numbers and Heterophil cells\lymphocyte cellspercentage at 5weeks of age.E7 - Treatment of arginine and folic acid injection exceeded significantly (P˂0.05)in serum total protein concentration at 3 days and in total proteinconcentration, uric acid and GPT, GOT enzymes in blood plasma at 5 weeksof age. Treatment of threonine and folic acid in comparison with othertreatments.8 - Feeding time affected significantly (P˂0.05) on biochemical bloodcharacteristics. Treatment of the hatchery feeding exceeded in glucoseconcentration and total protein at 3 days of age and in total protein concentration and uric acid at 5 weeks of age. Treatment of the field feeding exceeded in blood serum cholesterol concentration in comparison with thetreatment of hatchery feeding. There was no significant (P˂0.05) effect ofinteraction between injection and feeding time on the biochemical bloodcharacteristics at 5 weeks of age. 9 - There was a significant (P˂0.05) increase in villus Length and crypts Depth of the intestinal jejunum of comparison with of threonine and folic acid injection treatment in comparison with other treatments. Treatment of the hatchery feeding exceeded (P˂0.05) respecting those traits compared to the field eeding treatment. There was a significantly (P˂0.05) effect of interaction (TheHatchery Feeding) and feeding time villus, length and crypts Depths werehighest at 1 and 5 weeks of age.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
السنة: 2015
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: رياض كاظم موسى طارق فرج شوكت
اسم المؤلف: هدى فالح سعد الساعدي

تاثير التلقيح ببعض الفطريات المعزولة من الترب الزراعية في المعالجة الحيوية للترب الملوثة بالمخلفات النفطية في محافظة البصرة Effect of inoculation by some fungi isolated from agricultural soils in the bioremediation of contaminated soils with oil waste in Basrah

المستخلص: For the purpose of identifying the efficiency of inoculation different genus of fungi isolated from agricultural areas in the bioremediation of soil contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbon nearby regions from some the oil fields in the province of Basrah, southern Iraq, and the impact on plant growth as has been selected sites west of Qurna fields and North Rumaila fields, mixed with non - contaminated soil from the same areas at rates of 100% and 75% and 50% to reduce the pollution of oil hydrocarbons ratio.Isolation and purification of two species from fungus Aspergillus (A. niger and A. versicolor), Trichoderma viride and Penicillium citrinum from Five of agricultural areas (Shatt Al - Arab, Garma Ali, Al - Zubair, Al - deer and Abu Al - khaseeb) and studied the possibility of its adaptation and its growth in nutritional media contaminated with the quality of the two regions of oil each separately and inoculated the soil treatments that represent percentages above and inoculated at a temperature of 25 ᵒC to study the total numbers of bacteria and fungi and CO2 amount from Activity microbial in soil and estimated the amount of hydrocarbons broken by the inoculation process fungal soil every 10 days for 60 days of incubation.Agricultural experiment carried out by tested the most efficient of the two fungi in degraded hydrocarbons for each soil and for each contamination level in addition the treatment of a mixture of the most efficient of the two fungi and control treatment (without pollination), left after the treatments for two months with maintaining the humidity at around 75% of field capacity in a way to compensate the weight loss and planted them maize seeds Zea mays L. class Bhooth 106 and after 45 days of germination was estimated proportion of hydrocarbons broken and some parameter of plant growth as a rate of plant length, dry weight of the shoot and the quantity N, P and K absorbed in plant. Were obtained the following results : 1. increase the number of the total fungi and bacteria with time in soils inoculated with isolated fungi to Limit 60 days compared to the control treatment in which the increase lasted only 40 days in the pollution levels of 75% and 100%, while the increase continued to 60 days at the level of 50% of all pollination treatments, including the control treatment.2. increase the amount of CO2 liberated from Bioactivity with time in soil inoculated fungal treatment compared with control treatment and fungal isolates varied in their efficiency to stimulate biological activity, and mitigate pollution of soils to the extent of 50% contributed to the increase in the vital activity of soils represented an increase of the amount of the liberated CO2 .3. inoculation contaminated soils fungal isolates led to increase petroleum hydrocarbon ratio analysis with time and varied fungal isolates in their ability to biodegraded hydrocarbon wholly followed the following sequence : Aspergillus niger > Penicillium citrinum > Trichoderma - viride > Aspergillus versicolor in the soil of North Rumaila and sequence : Penicillium citrinum < Trichoderma viride < Aspergillus niger <Aspergillus versicolor in soils west of Qurna fields and gave the pollution level 50% higher analysis of petroleum hydrocarbon ratio compared to levels of 75% and 100%.4. Inoculate all levels of contamination by fungal isolates most efficient led to increasing lengths and dry weight of the plant maize and increase the quantity absorbed N, P and K by the plant and were observed increase in the proportion of hydrocarbons degraded at the end of the agricultural experiment.5. Soil North Rumaila showed a response to the inoculation of fungi in all levels of contamination of soil over Western Qurna fields in terms of the total numbers of fungi and bacteria and amount of the liberated CO2 and hydrocarbon ratio degradation as well as an increase in parameters of all the maize plant growth.6. The fungus Penicillium citrinum and Trichoderma viride Showed more efficient in increasing the activity and bioremediation in soil Western Qurna fields, while the fungus Aspergillus niger is the most efficient in the soil of the North Rumaila
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: التربة والمياه
السنة: 2016
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: ميعاد مهدي الجابري
اسم المؤلف: هدى حاكم سعدون الاسدي

تاثير التسميد الفوسفاتي والعضوي في صور فسفور التربة وعلاقتها بجاهزية لمحصول الذرة الصفراء Zea mays L في بعض الترب الكلسية Effect of Phosphate and Organic Fertilization on Soil Phosphorus Forms and its Relationships With its Availability to Corn Crop (Zea mays L.) in Some Calcareous Soils

المستخلص: For the purpose of phosphorus forms Knowledge in Basra Province Soils, and effect of phosphate Fertilization with Concentrated Super phosphate and Organic Fertilization with cow manure on Phosphorus Forms ,the study was carried out with in three sectors : - First : Field study : Soil samples were taken from tweleven location in Basra province, 1/Gurna,2/Medayna,3/Diar,4/Hartha,5/Garmat Ali,6/Garmat Ali - Basra University,7/Brahdia,8/Tanoma,9/Abul - Khaseeb - Hamdan,10/ Abul - Khaseeb - Center,11 /Seeba ,and 12/ Fao. Soil properties wer determined and different forms of soil phosphorus were extracted Which were soluble phosphorus ,phosphorus associated with Calcium (Ca - P),Phosphorus associated with aluminium (Al - P) ,Phosphorus associated with iron (Fe - P), available phosphate (Av - P), Mineral phosphate(M - P) ,organic phosphate (O - P), residual phosphate (R - P), and total phosphate (T - P) .Second : Effect of phosphate and organic Fertilization on phosphorus forms : - Laboratory experiment was conducted by using two levels of phosphate fertilizer (0,0.65gmPkg - 1 soil) as concentrated super phosphate and two levels of cow manure (0,2.5%) for all studied soils. Soils wer inculcated at 30ºc for one month . Soil phosphorus forms were extracted and determined .Third : Effect of phosphorus forms on Maize growth parameters : - Biological experiment was conducted by using maize crop (Zea mays L.) according to factorial experiment with complete design including the following factors [soil*(phosphate fertilizer, cowmanure, * phosphate fertilizer cowmanure with control) *replicates](10*2*2*3) summing to 120 experimental units, after exclusion Seeba and Fao soils because of their high Salinity .Two levels of phosphate fertilizer were used (0,100kg P ha - 1) as concentrated super phosphate , and two levels of organic fertilizer (0,30ton ha - 1)as cow manure mixing with Soils. Nitrogen was added at rate of 320 kg N ha - 1 as urea with two doses For all soils , first dose at planting (15/3/2015) mixing with soil and the second dose after one month of planting with irrigation water .Potassium was added with rate of 120kg K ha - 1 as potassium sulfate mixing with soils at planting .Plants were harvested after 60 days and shoots were dried at 65ºc inIIoven and dry matter was recorded. Dry Shoots were digested and phosphorus concentration was determined , and phosphorus uptake was Calculated.The results of the study showed the following : - 1 - Soluble phosphorus concentration values ranged between (0.27 to 1.85) mg L - 1 with a mean value of 0.99 mg L - 1, phosphorus associated with Calcium between (104.40 to 226.10) mg kg - 1 with a mean value of 169.16 mg kg - 1 , phosphorus associated with aluminium between (0.42 to 0.99) mg kg - 1 with a mean value of 0.70 mg kg - 1 , phosphorus associated with iron between (0.09 to 0.76) mg kg - 1 with a mean value of 0.38 mg kg - 1 , Available phosphorus between (10.10 to 25.65) mg kg - 1 with a mean value of 18.11 mg kg - 1 , mineral phosphorus between (139.57 to 250.40 ) mg kg - 1 with a mean value of 198.27 mg kg - 1 ,organic phosphorus between (50.12 to 89.70)mg kg - 1 with a mean value of 77.62 mg kg - 1 , residual phosphorus between (6.00 to 12.00)mg kg - 1 with a mean value of 8.91 mg kg - 1 and total phosphorus between (229.27 to 306.88) mg kg - 1 with a mean value of 275.88 mg kg - 1 .2 - Result of simple correlation coefficient (r) Showed that soil salinity had significant effect in phosphorus associated with Calcium (r=0.589*), and negative correlation with available phosphorus (r= - 0.641*). Calcium Carbonate content had a high significant effect on phosphorus associated with Calcium (r=0.992**), mineral phosphorus (r=0.899**), and total phosphorus (r=0.880**),and high negative correlation with available phosphorus (r= - 0.965++) and organic phosphorus (r= - 0.774++) . Organic matter had a significant effect on available phosphorus (r= 0.837++) , organic phosphorus (r=0.924++) , and total phosphorus (r=0.773++) , and negative significant effect with phosphorus associated with calcium (r= - 0.887++) , and mineral phosphorus (r= - 0.895++) . Soil pH ,CEC , Sand , Silt , and clay showed no significant effects on Soil phosphorus forms.3 - Laboratory experiment results showed that soils and fertilizing treatments (phosphoric , organic , and their interactions) had significant effect on phosphorus forms in studied soil . Effect of fertilizing treatments was followed the following : - Phosphate and organic fertilization > organic fertilization > phosphate fertilization .III4 - Soil and fertilizing treatments (phosphoric, organic, and their interactions) had significant effect on dry matter of shoot of corn crop, phosphorus concentration, and phosphorus uptake. Fertilizing treatments were taken the same manor in increasing of dry matter , phosphorus con centration, and phosphorus uptake as following : - Phosphate and organic fertilization > organic fertilization > phosphate fertilizationphosphorus uptake was taken the following arrangement in the studied soils : - Diar > Medayna > Brahdia > Tanoma > Hartha > Gurna > Garmat Ali - Basra University > Abul - Khaseeb - Hamdan > Abul - Khaseeb - center> Garmat Ali.5 - Result of statistical analysis of simple correlation coefficient (r)showed that phosphorus forms had no significant effect on dry matter of corn shoot and phosphorus concentration ,While phosphorus uptake gave high significant correlation with available phosphorus (r=0.959**) and organic phosphorus (r=0.954**).
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: التربة والمياه
السنة: 2016
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: هيفاء جاسم حسين التميمي
اسم المؤلف: هبة كلف رزاق القريشي

دراسة تصنيفية وبيئية للحشراث القشرية Hemiptera : Sternorrhyncha : Coccoidea مع الاشارة الى بعض مفترساتها في محافظة البصرة TAXONOMICAL AND ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF SCALE INSECTS ( HEMIPTERA : STERNORRHYNCHA : COCCOIDEA ) WITH REFERENCE TO SOME PREDATORS IN BASRAH PROVINCE

المستخلص: A taxonomic and ecological study to scale insects was conducted with reference to predatory efficiency for four types of predators in the eight areas in Basra province it is( AL - Mdayna , AL - Hoer , Al - Qurna , AL - Deer , AL - Hartha , AL - Garma , Shat AL - Arab , Abu AL - Khseb ) during the period from October 2014 to September 2015 and show that there is a five types of scale insects belong to three families : Order : Hemiptera Suborder : Sternorrhyncha Superfamily : Coccoidea 1 - Family : Diaspididae Genus : Parlatoria Parlatoria blanchardi white scale insect on the palm Parlatoria crypta brown scale insect on the oleander Genus : Duplachionaspis Duplachionaspis graminella scale insect on the reeds Family : Phoenicococcidae - 2Pheonicococcus marlatti red scale insect on the palmFamily : Asterolecaniidae - 3Palmaspis Phoenicis green scale insect on the Palm Taxonomic study showed that there is difference diagnostic a clear between the species , genus and families found during the survey . The results pointed clearly of ecological study that the types of scale insects are located throughout the year on their hosts plant in Basra province .The highest density of numerical insects was recorded in month of June and it reached about 300.0 adult and 93.6 nymph per inch2 on variety khathraoe in the Al - Madayna area of scale insect Parlatoria blanchardi and 91.6 adult /inch2 , 25.0 nymph/inch2on variety khathraoe in the AL - Qurna area of scale insectbPalmaspis phoenicis , 11.6 adult/leaf , 6.0 nymph /leaf on Oleander plant in the Al - Qurna area of scale insect Parltoria crypta , 63.0 adult /inch2 , 5.3 nymph/inch2 on reed plant in November in the Al - Mdayna area of scale insect Duplachionaspis graminella . The less intensity of numerical insect recorded in February .It was 130.3adult/inch2 and 20.3 nymph /inch2 on variety khathraoe in the Al - Mdayna area of scale insect Parlatoria blanchardi , 42.6 adult /inch2 , 6.6 nymph/inch2 on variety khathraoe in the Al - Qurna area at scale insect Palmaspis phoenicis , 5.3 adult /leaf , 0.0 nymph /leaf on Oleander plant in the Al - Qurna , 26.6 adult /inch2 and 0.3 nymph /inch2 on reed plant in Al - Mdayna area . The study was in clued the efficiency of predatorys as following : Coccinella septempunctata which appeared during the months March , April , May and June. Pharoscymnus setulosus and Cybocephalus rufifrons which appeared during the months May, June , Jule , August , September, October and November . The predatory efficiency of first predator was 16.6 insect/day ,to the second 16.0 insect /day and the third 13.0 insect /day on white scale insect then , 17.3 , 17.0 and 13.3 insect /day respectively on green scale insect . And the predatory efficiency to Tenebrio molitor was 3.3 insect /day on red scale insect .
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - الوقاية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: علاء صبيح جبار اياد عبد الوهاب عبد القادر
اسم المؤلف: هاشم مهاوي طعمة العبادي

اختبار التاثير التثبيطي لبروتين المناعة IgG لحليب الابل ضد السم العصبي A المفصول من عزنة محلية لبكتريا Clostridium botulinum Testing the inhibitory effect of immunoglobulin IgG for camel?s milk against the neurotoxin type A separated from a local Isolate of Clostridium botulinum

المستخلص: Sixteen local isolates of Clostridium were isolated from sources : soil , meat and honey .Those sources were obtained from different districte in Basrah government.Characterization of isolates were made after purification by using morphological and biochemical tests which revealed that the isolates were Clostridium botulinum.The microscopic test appeared that all isolates are bacilli Gram positive, obligate , anaerobic ,forming spores and motile. There are colonies had wide spread form with ir regular border when grown of blood agar and egg yolk agar and looked transparent to gray. The biochemical tests revealed that the isolates are β - heamolysis, lipid hydrolyzed, produced H2S, most of them were negative in indole production, nitrate reduction, starch hydrolysis and catalase production. They were grown in pH(4 - 6),temperature(10,30,42) °C and NaCl (4 - 10)% . They not fermented lactose, galactose, amygdalin, Ribose, Inositol, Manose, Melibiose, Sorbitol, Salcin, Rafinose, Xaylose and Rhamnose. But they were fermentated Glucose, Maltose and Cellubiose. They were sensitive for some antibiotics like Erethromycin, Refampin, Metronidazol, Clindamicin, Tetracyclin, Penicillin and Chloramphnichol , but they were resistant for Gentamycin , Nalidixic acid and Trimethoprim.Used for Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the bacterial isolates by extraction of DNA and electrophoresis by using agarose, seven isolates of Clostridium botulinum were elected because they appeared difine band of DNA. After that the gene wich responsible on neurotoxin A was detacted by using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and electrophoresis using agarose, the isolate Cl.5 of Clostridium botulinum wich was isolated from the soil of Agriculture College field, was elected because of its clear band which was (101) bp with the band of the primer of the gene of neurotoxin A.Neurotoxin A was produced by the isolate Cl.5 using the inoculums medum : (casein hydrolysis, yeast extract, glucose ,dis. water) and production medium; (casein hydrolysis, yeast extract, dis. water) with cold glucose solution 10% and using anaerobic conditions with 37°C for 4 days. The protein of extracted neurotoxin was (0.14 - 0.93) , then the extract was precipitated by ammonium sulphate %60 and the protein was (0.18 - 0.22) ,finally the neurotoxin was purified by ion exchange using DEAE Sephadex A - 50 only one protein peak wasappeared in the void volume , the protein was(0.27) . The activity of the three samples of neurotoxin A the crude ,precipitated and purified was assayed by bioassay using mouse , all the samples revaled high activity by appearing of of intoxication then death . But the purified neurotoxin appeared the highest activity because the mouse died after 3 hr . while the precipitated toxin after 8 hr using and after 10 hr using the crud toxin Stadying minimal leathal dose (MLD) by using concentrations of purified toxin , the concentration 0.1 revealed minimal activity because the mouse died after 3.41 hr .Finally the inhibitory effect of immunoglobulins of camel milk against neurotoxin A was studied by using passive haemagglotination and bioassay , immunoglobulin had agreat activity to inhibite the neurotoxin A.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الاغذية
السنة: 2015
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: امال كاظم غضبان الاسدي حيدر ابراهيم علي
اسم المؤلف: نورس محمد حسن عبد الصمد التميمي

دراسة تاثير المخلفات النباتية والحيوانية والفطر الاحيائي Trichoderma viride في مكافحة مرض تعفن جذور الباميا المتسبب عن الفطر Macrophomina phaseolina A study of effect of plant and animal residues and the bioagent Trichoderma viride in controlling okra root rot disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina

المستخلص: This study aimed to use plant and animal residues and bioagent Trichoderma viride against pathogenic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina which caused okra root rot disease in pots and field and to detect the active compounds in okra leaves by GCMS technique.Three pathogenic fungi were isolated from infected plants, they were M.phaseolina , Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium solani .The fungus M.phaseolina gave the highest percentage of occurance and freguencywhich were 55 and 66.67% .The pathogenicity test showed that M.phaseolina led to decrease germination pereen and increase damping - off up to 20 and 26.67% respectively, compared to control treatment which was 80 and 0% respectively.The results explained that the animal manure (F) , rice (R) and wheat (w) led to increase the germination percent up to 66.67% , 60 and 53.3% respectively compared to control treatment which was 40% , the fresh weight also increased in the same treatments up to 1.36 , 1.25 and 1.28 gm respectively compared to control which was 0.64 gm .It was founed the less infection intensity with M.phaseolina in pots was noticed in the treatment RTv (bioagent +rice) and FTv (bioagent+animal manure), it was 0% compared to control treatment which was 90%, which the highest shoot weight and plant height were noticed in the treatment FTv which were 6.22 gm and 32.03 cmrespectively compared to control which were 1.33 gm and 22.55 cm. The field experiment results revealed that the less infection intensity was observed in the treatment FTv which was 0% compared to control which was 62.22% .The treatment RTv gave a high shoot weight which was 156.11 gm compared to control which was 46.39 gm, while the high plant height was obsrved in the treatments RTv and FTv which were 73.9 and 71.98 gm respectively compared to control which was 40.33 gm. It was also founed that the high plant production was noticed in the treatment RTv and FTv which were 64.53 and 63.10 gm respectively compared to contorl which was 1.44 gm.From the other hand ,the total chlorophyl was noticed in the treatment RTv ,R,FTv,wTv and F which were 1728,224 ,1629.96,1454.442,1377.884 and 1281.168 mgm/100gm fresh weight respectively compared to 359.9 mgm/100gm fresh weight. The results of phenotic compouneds detection in the plant leaves by using GCMS technique revealed a presence of some compouneds such as Pentanol, 1,2,4 Triazole and Cyclohexanol with the treatments RTv,FTv and wTv ,these compouneds were not been recorded in the other treatments.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - الوقاية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: ضياء سالم علي الوائلي
اسم المؤلف: نور مهدي صالح المالكي

تاثير نظم الحراثة في نمو وحاصل الذرة الصفراء Zea mays L المزروعة بطريقتي المروز والسطور . Effect of Tillage system on the growth and production of corn (Zea mays L. ) that cultivation by ridge and seed drilling

المستخلص: field experiments was conducted in Almdiana district in autumn season 2014 - 2015 in ALmalha Irrigation project , to study effect the tillage system in the growth and yield of ( Zea mays L. ) that cultivated by ridge and seed drilling .The tillage system represent the main plots while the planting methods represent the sub - plots .The tillage system includes four plows namely, subsoiler , combined subsoiler , moldboard plow , harrowing chisel and zero tillage. The methods of planting include idge and seed drilling , The results were analyzed using complete randomize design within split - plots.The results showed that the tillage and planting methods them significantly effected on soil physical properties ( soil bulk density , penetration resistance , Ec and pH ) but the interaction was not significant .The highest soil bulk density was recorded for zero tillage and for the three periods of sample collection . the values of the soil bulk densities are 1.399 Mg.m - 3 while the lowest values were record for the combined subsoiler plow , the values are 1.254 Mg.m - 3 . For the other tillage being medium the values for the subsoiler plow are 1.346 Mg.m - 3 , they are harrowing chisel 1.336 Mg.m - 3, and moldboard plow are 1.316 Mg.m - 3 .For soil penetration resistance, the results showed that the combined subsoiler surpassed the other tillage in reducing soil penetration resistance , the values are 360.370 KN/m2 for the three periods respectively . while zero tillage treatment gave the highest values which they are 502.407 KN/m2 for the three periods respectively .The combined subsoiler plow also surpassed the other plow types in reducing Ec and pH . the lowest values were recorded for combined subsoiler , while the heights values were recorded for zero tillage.The results also showed that the tillage and planting methods significantly Effected the plant growth and production parameters , while the interaction was not significant in its effect on the studied parameters. The combined subsoiler surpassed the other plowing methods in all plant parameters studied which they are plant height , leaf area , ear length , number of ears per plant , seed production , biological production , number of seeds per row
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الجامعة: جامعة البصرة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - المحاصيل الحقلية
السنة: 2016
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: شاكر حنتوش عداي وليد عبد الرضا جبيل
اسم المؤلف: نور صالح عبد الجليل حسون الحميداوي

تاثير الرش بحامض الجبرليك وكلوريد الكالسيوم في الحاصل والصفات النوعية والقابلية الخزنية لثمار السدر صنف تفاحي Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. cv. Tufahi Effect of Sprying Gibberellic Acid and Calcium Chloride on Yield, Qualitative Characteristics and Storage Ability of Jujube Fruits Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. cv. Tufahi

المستخلص: The present study was conducted on 12 - years old jujube trees "Ziziphus mauritiana Lam." , cv. Tufahi which were grown in a private orchard situated at AL - Sedea District , Basrah Governorate during the growing season 2013 - 2014. The aim of the study will to investigate effects of spraying gibberellic acid at the concentrations of 25 mg/l , 50 mg/l and calcium chloride at the concentrations of 1% , 2% and their combinations on yield and some vegetative , physical , chemical , physiological characteristics and the storage ability of fruits.Results could be summarized as follow : - A - Field experiment1. The results of study showed significant effect of spraying gibberellic acid on all the studied parameters with the treatment of 50 mg/l gibberellic acid recording the highest significant increase in leaf area , leaf water content ,leaf fresh and dry weights, total carbohydrates and the length , diameter , fresh weight , volume of fruits in addition to the water content, sucrose of fruits and the amount of yield.2. Treatment of 2% calcium chloride gave the highest significant increase in vitamin C concentration, total carbohydrates of leaf and calcium and chloride concentrations in fruit.3. Control treatment recorded the highest significant increase in dry mater , total soluble solids , total and reducing sugars, respiration rate and invertase and cellulase activities and carotene concentration in fruit skin .4. The period after full bloom factor had a significant effect on the studied vegetative parameters with the period of 10/2/2014 recording the highest significant increase in fresh weight of leaf, leaf area, carbohydrates content.The period of 10/12/2013 had a significant increase in water content per leaf.5. The combination treatment of 50 mg/l gibberellic acid and the period of 10/2/2014 recording the highest significant increase in leaf area and leaf water content. The combination treatment of 2% calcium chloride and the period of 10/2/2014 was superior in carbohydrates content while the combination treatment of untreated fruits and the period of 3/2/2014 gave the highest activity of cellulase.B - storage experiment1. Controle treatment recorded the the highest significant increase in total soluble solids , total and reducing sugars , loss in weghit of fruits , the percentage of ripening progress and it was the highest deteriorated treatment.2. Treatment of 2% calcium chloride gave the lowest significant increase in Physiological disorders, fungal decay and loss inweight of fruits.while fruit treated with 50 mg/l gibberellic acid retained the highest percentage of water content.3. The combination treatment of untreated fruits and storage period gave the highest significant increase in the percentage of physiological disorders and fungal decay, loss in weghit of fruits , the percentage of ripening progress and the lowest percentage of water
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - البستنة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: ضياء احمد طعين ماجد عبد الحميد ابراهيم
اسم المؤلف: نضال ريسان حريز سحالة

دراسة محتوى الاحماض الدهنية في زيوت بعض الاسماك في بيئتين مختلفتين في مدينة البصرة، العراق Study of Fatty acid content in oils for some fishes from different environments in Basrah, Iraq

المستخلص: The current study was conducted during the period from October 2013 until September 2014 to estimate the fatty acids for three types of marine fish Acanthopagrus arabicus, Chelon subviridis and Cynoglossus arel also three types of river fish, Leuciscu svorax, Coptodon zillii and Carassius auratus.The results analyzed statistically using statistical program SPSS and using the complete randomized design CRD with three replicates and studied factors tested using the rate least significant difference test R.L.S.D at the level of probability (0.05) where indicated the results of statistical analysis that the presence of difference (P <0.05) in fat content between the species studied except A. arabicus with C. subviridis and A. arabicus with L. svorax and C. subviridis with L. svorax and C. arel with C. zillii as there are no significant differences (P <0.05), the highest percentage of fat in A. arabicus for spring (4.23%) while the lowest rate in C. arel for summer (1.75%), while the humidity was between statistical analysis to the absence of significant differences (P> 0.05) between the fish species except L. svorax with the rest of the species, where they found significant differences (P <0.05) between them, with the highest percentage of moisture in C. arel in summer as it stood at 79.14% and the lowest percentage of moisture in A. arabicus in spring (70.8%), as the results indicated an inverse relationship between humidity and fat by the differences of the seasons and for the most of the species studied. Characterized C. arel for autumn by higher contents of ash (8.1%) and achieved significant differences(P<0.05) between the species except C. subviridis with C. zillii and C. auratus with L. svorax as there were no significant differences (P> 0.05), while the lowest percentage was in L. svorax for winter (1.24%), while, the results of protein content showed no significant difference (P>0.05) except L. svorax with A. arabicus, C. subviridis and C.Barel, C. auratus and C. zillii, as well as C. arel and C. zillii, because there were no significant differences among them, A. arabicus achieved the highest value in spring (20.12%) and the lowest rate it was for C. arel in summer (14.18%).The oil extracted by organic solvent, and the fatty acids estimated using the gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (calculated on the total amount of the fatty acids), the content and the percentage of saturated fatty acids (SFA) during winter, spring, summer and autumn 25 - 45%, 23 - 40%, 15 - 45%, 40 - 30% respectively, and the proportion of unilateral unsaturated fatty acids double bond MUSA 40 - 15%, 40 - 22%, 18 - 45% and 46 - 27%, respectively, and the proportion of fatty acids multi - unsaturated double bond 35 - 10%, 45 - 13%,17 - 44% and 42 - 20%, respectively .the palmitic acid C16 : 0 occupied the highest proportion among the fatty acids during the seasons of the year except autumn, where was the palmitoleic acid the highest one among the acids.The uncommon fatty acids studied also during the four seasons and8 - Octadecenoic acid has won the highest one among all the fatty acids in the seasons except winter, which saw Heptadecanoic acid has the highest rate.The types of omega - 3 Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22 : 6 n - 3) and Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20 : 5 n - 3) examined also for the studied fish types during the four seasons where the proportion of EPA high in winter (68.73%), followed by summer as it was 50.59%, while the second type of omega - 3 DHA was the rate of increase convergent during the four seasons, which saw summer the highest rate (49.27%) and the lowest rate was in autumn (40.15%).
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
اللغة: العربية
الدرجة: ماجستير
السنة: 2015
الموضوع العام: علوم الزراعة
اسم المشرف: امجد كاظم رسن ضياء فالح الفكيكي
اسم المؤلف: ندى رافد عثمان