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تحضير وتشخيص قواعد شف ومعقداتها المشتقة من 4 - امينوانتيبايرين واستخدامها في استخلاص ايون النيكل الثنائي == Preparation and Characterization of Schiff Bases and their Complexes Derived from 4 - Aminoantipyrine and using them in the Extraction of Nickel (II) Ion

Author name: اسراء جرجيس نعمة
Supervisor name: ساهر عبد الرضا علي | حيدر عباس مهدي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
Abstract: The study includs the preparation and charazchtion of three new compounds of the schiff bases are : | 1- L1 is prepared from the condensation of 4-amino antipyrine with Penzaal acetone . | 4,4'-((1Z,1'E)-(1-phenylbutdiylidene)bis(azanylylidene))bis (1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1Hpyrazol-(2H)-one)3 | 2- L2 is prepared from the condensation of4-amino antipyrine with Asetayl acetone | 4,4'-((1Z,1'E)-pentane-2,4-diylidenebis(azanylylidene))bis(1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-3(2H)- one | 3- L3 is prepared from the condensation 4-amino antipyrine with Slsldehid as a first step then it is is reactance output with 3.4-di amino toluene . | 2,2'-((1Z,1'E)-( (3E,3'E)-3,3'((4-methyl-1,2-phenylene)bis(azanylylidene)) bis(1,5-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-4-yl-3- ylidene))bis(azanylyidene))bis(methanylylidene))diphenol | The ligands were characterized by using Elemental Analysis (C.H.N), Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) ,Uv-visible Spectroscopy , Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H-NMR) , Mass Spectra . It is appeared that prepearing ligands are tetra chelatingagents kind (N2O2) for the ligands L1 and L2 and kind (N4) for the ligand L3. The complexed are prepeared from reaction the prepearing ligands with some transitional elements (Ni+2 , Co+2 , Cu+2) and the ligends and their complexes were characterized by methods of spectral analysis,Uv-visible Spectroscopy,Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) , Mass Spectra and the Molar Electrical Conductivity .And from the result that we know the complexes are octahedral and their general formula [M(L) Cl2] , whereas M = Ni+2 , Co+2, Cu+2 . The study includs an extraction of nickel(II) ion from its aqueous solutions using solvent extraction technique by employing the reagent L3. The optimum extraction conditions are studied to obtain a better distribution ratio of values for (D) to reach the best percent extrected (%E) to extract nickel (II) ion . It is noted that the best values of distribution ratio (D) and the best percent extrected (% E) extracting nickel ion duo with the reagent L3 at the time of shake (15) minutes .The best extraction to nickel(II) ion with reagent L3 at temperature (25C°). As it turns out from this study that the best acidic function nickel(II) ion extraction in the aqueous phase with reagent L3 in the organic phase | when the (PH=9),also the study shows that the best values of distribution ratio (D) and the percent extrected (% E) for nickel(II) ion extraction when its constriction was (120 μg/ml) | (4.5×10-4 M ).The reagent L3 concentration (1× 10-4 M) . Chloroform was the best organic solvent for an extraction process for nickel(II) ion with reagent L3.The reagent L3 also is used for extraction Ni+2 from water of the Euphrates River City of Nasiriyah and the distribution ratio (D) =4.81 and the precent of extrected =%82 as it becomes out the reagent has high efficiency for extrected from the sample .

تحضير وتشخيص بعض مركبات النايترون الجديدة ودراسة الفعالية البايولوجية لها == SYNTHESIS And characterization OF Some new Nitrones Compound and The study of biological effectiveness

Author name: زهراء حميد كامل
Supervisor name: ماجد حمود مزيعل
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
Abstract: This study was included the preparation of a series of compounds heterogeneous Nitrones. Novel compounds were resulting from the reaction between azo compounds and hydroxylamine compounds through several steps. | the first step was synthesis of a new azo compounds for 2-aminopyridine includes (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) by configuration the diazonium salt, which in turn enters the reaction of duplication with these aldehydes (2-nitro benzaldehyde, 4-dimethylamino benzaldehyde, 4-chloro benzaldehyde and 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde) respectively. | The second step was included the preparation of hydroxylamine compounds, (N-phenyl hydroxylamine and N-p-toluidine hydroxylamine) were reduced depending on the methods published in the literature. | The third step included the reaction between N-phenyl hydroxyl amine and azo compounds to gave nitrones compounds first set (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) respectively. | Also we prepare nitrones compounds by the reaction between azo compounds with N-p-toluidine hydroxylamine to give Nitrones compounds second set (3e, 3f, 3g, 3h). | It has been identified the both novel azo-aldehydes and nitrones compounds by using infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), spectrum NMR proton (1H-NMR), spectrum NMR carbon (13C-NMR) and mass spectrometry (Mass Spectra ) as well as we measured the Melting point for the preparing compounds. | We also Study the effectiveness of biological compounds of the prepared compounds inhibited the growth of some bacteria positive and negative gram, it has shown some compounds to be effective in killing or inhibition of these germs. | next table shows the compounds prepared in this study.

تخليق مشتقات جديدة لمركبات اللاكتام و البريميدين و دراسة فعاليتها كمضادات للاكسدة و مضادات للاورام == Synthesis, Anti - Oxidant And Anti - Tumor Activity Of New Lactam And Pyrimidine Derivatives

Author name: عبد الرحمن يسر خليفة الغزي
Supervisor name: محمود شاكر مكطوف التميمي | حسام محمد كريديا
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Organic Chemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
Abstract: In the end of last century the increasing of cancer disease has been speared in worldwide, has been pushing to investigate more in synthesis a new drug treatment herein, the idea in this thesis three types of heterocyclic compounds | were synthesized : | 1- Synthesis of a series of β-lactams 3(a-h) compounds by using Kinugasa reaction and Staudinger reaction, which β-lactam 3(a-b) compounds (as depicted in scheme below) were synthesized using Kinugasa reaction by reacting alkyne (phenylacetylene and 1-octyne) with the appropriate nitrones 2(a-b) in the presence triethylamine and CuI as catalyst and acetronitrel as solvent at 0˚C. R1 : 4-NHCOCH3 , 3-NO2 R2 : CH3(CH2) , 5 While β-lactam 3(c-h) compounds (as depicted in scheme below) were synthesized using Staudinger reaction by reacting methoxyacetyl chloride with the appropriate imines 2(c-h), in the presence of triethylamine in dry dichloromethane under nitrogen atmosphere at 0˚C.3c : R1= −C6H4Cl , R2= −C6H4− , 3f : R1= −C6H4Me , R2= −C6H4− | 3d : R1= −C6H4Br , R2= −C6H4− , 3g : R1= −C6H4Br , R2= −C6H4− 3e : R1= −C6H4Cl , R2= −C6H4− , 3h : R1= −C4H4N2 , R2= −C6H4− 2- Synthesis of a series of γ-lactams 4(a-h) (as depicted in scheme below) by reaction phenylsuccinic anhydride or 3-(4-chlorophenyl)dihydrofuran-2,5- dione with schiff bases (imines) 2(d,e,g,i,j,k,l,m), by using chloroform as solvent and heated at temperature (55-60˚C) Synthesis of a series of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones/ thiones 5(a-g) (as | depicted in scheme below) by reaction aldehyde, ethyl acetoacetate and | urea/thiourea under FeCl3.6H2O as catalyst, by using ethanol as solvent and heated at reflux temperature. | H2N NH2 | FeCl3.6H2O | ethanol , reflux | ethyl acetoacetate urea or thiourea aldehyde 5(a-g)The final products were characterized by using the basis of the spectral data : | IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and Mass. | The antioxidant activity for the synthesized compounds (3g, 4a, 5a) were examined and show highly biological activity response. Moreover, the activity against breast cancer MCF-7 cell line also studied and exhibited highly anti tumor.

تحضير وتشخيص بعض مركبات N - Oxide جديدة ودراسة فعاليتها الحيوية == Synthesis and characterization of some novel N - Oxides and Study their Biological activities

Author name: نور عبد الخضر سلمان الاميري
Supervisor name: ماجد حمود الصافي | محمد عجه عوده
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
Abstract: In this study, we prepared a series of nitrones compounds resulting from the interaction of azo dyes prepared which contain Carbonyl edge with hydroxylamine compound . | It was prepared a series compounds of azo dyes (A1, A2, A4, A5) have been prepared by the reaction between 2- amino pyrimidine with diazonium salts which contain benzaldehyde derivatives(4-hydroxy benzaldehyde, 4- chloro benzaldehyde, 4-dimethylamino benzaldeyde, 2- nitro benzaldehde). While the compound A3 was prepared by the reaction between 6-amino-2-mercaptopyrimidin-4-ol with 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde.It was also prepared two groups of Nitrones, the first | group includes the compounds (B1, B2, B3, B4, B5) resulting by the reaction between azo dyes prepared (A4, A2, A5, A1, A3) respectively with N-phenyl hydroxylamine. | On the other hand the second group includes the compounds( C1, C2, C3) resulting by the reaction between azo dyes (A4, A2, A1) respectively with NParatolyl hydroxyl amine Those compounds have been confirmed the authenticity | of the molecular structures of the compounds prepared | using the TLC, infrared spectroscopy and 1H-NMR | spectrum and 13C-NMR spectrum. | It has also been study the toxicity by the calculation of the median lethal dose LD50 of one of the prepared Nitrone compound B1 on laboratory rats , the result was that the prepared compound was non toxic at the used doses ( 34.2-136.8 ) . | We also study the biological activity of the prepared compounds ( Alaldehydes and Nitrones ) by observing its effect on negative and positive bacteria of gram dye

تقدير بعض العناصر الثقيلة في نماذج حقيقية باستعمال مركبات ازو - ازوميثين جديدة بواسطة استخلاص نقطة الغيمة == Determination Of Some Heavy Metals In Real Samples Using New Azo - Azomethine Compounds By CPE

Author name: ساجدة صبار عفات
Supervisor name: ساهر عبد الرضا علي الشمخاوي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Analytical Biochemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
Abstract: Since its inception in 1985, Cloud-point extraction (CPE) methodology has constituted an important theme in the analytical chemistry as promising procedure for the separation and preconcentration for the metal ions and organic compounds from the complex matrices samples. Nowadays, it has been begins to take a large noteworthy position among the other modern separation methods in scientific research and application on a high level due to its simplicity, rapidity, more precise and cheapness beside an environmentally-friendly method, therefore, this research includes three main chapters . | Chapter One includes introduction of azo-azomethine compounds and their complexes and a view of the different extraction techniques, fundamental principles and potential applications of CPE methodology in analytical chemistry. It also involves a concise review on the latest developments of the method and its applications for the determination of cadmium, copper and cobalt by CPE . | Chapter Two consists of an outline of different instrumental techniques , general apparatus and chemicals used in the present work. | The synthesis paths of azo-azomethine compounds (L1 to L4) and primary testing of complex formation between metal ions and reagents, determination of λmax . As well as optimization of the experimental conditions (volume reagent, reaction time, temperature and pH) and determination of dissociation degree and stability constant, stoichiometry of the complex (Continuous variation method -Job method). In addition CoCl2.6H2O and L4 with salts CrCl3.6HO and CdCl2.H2O. The analytical | procedures for CPE which were designed for the determination of analytes including optimization of the Parameters for CPE including (reagent concentration, HCl concentration, incubation time, equilibration temperature, thermodynamic study and Triton X-100 volume) were selected in this study. The present CPE method was applied for determination concentration of metal ions (Cd2+, Cu2+ and Co2+) in real samples by FAAS. | Chapter Three included the new azo-azomethine compounds prepared and their complexes which were characterized by various analytical techniques as a UV-Visible spectroscopy(UV-Vis), Infrared Spectroscopy(FT-IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy(1HNMR), Mass Spectra and Molar Electrical Conductivity for complexes and the results were identical to what is expected scientifically. The spatial shape of the complexes which was prepared is (octahedral) and stoichiometry of the complex. It’s ratio 1 : 1. | In chapter three, there are too highlights on the results and discussion in analytical applications for the separation and preconcentration for the metal with separation and extraction method, such as cloud-point extraction (CPE) as an separation technique that uses a surfactant, instead of organic solvents for phase separation. | In the first part of CPE, Analytical reagent namely 6-((1E)-((2-(((E)-2-hydroxy-3-methoxy-4-((6-methoxybenzo[d]thiazol-2- yl)diaz enyl)benzylidene)amino)benzyl)imino)methyl)-2-methoxy-3- ((6- methoxybenzo[d]thiazol-2-yl)diazenyl)phenol (L1) after synthesis and characterization by using various analytical techniques as a preliminary using various analytical techniques as a preliminary step toward its using | as an organic reagent for the formation of an ion-association complex | with copper ion in acidic medium, apt to interact with surfactant in | solution. The L2 as a reagent for the formation of an ion association | complex with copper in acidic solution and the complex is extracted into | the surfactant Triton X-100 at optimum conditions. The surfactant-rich | phase which contains copper complex is mediated with solvent and the | Cu content measured by FAAS (λmax = 324.75 nm) . The effects of the several variables which affect the CPE efficiency are optimized by OFAT procedure beside other parameters with which one is mentioned with Cu(II) . The thermodynamic study was also investigated to expand the understanding of the mechanism of solvation of Cu(II) in the micelles . | Under the optimized condition established, the enrichment factor of 52.574 was achieved for Cu2+ with the L2 . The concentration range of (0.01-3) μg ml-1 leads to detection limit of 0.017238 μg ml-1. The precision for ((%RSD, n=8) at 0.05μg.ml-1 Cu2+ was of %1.063. The developed method was used for the determination concentration of Cu2+ in real samples. The accuracy was determined by recovery percentage for real samples, it’s found good recoveries (100.380-103.377%) for Cu2+ with L2. | In the third part CPE, Analytical reagent namely6-(((2-(((E)-2- hydroxy-3-methoxy-4-(o-tolyldiazenyl)benzylidene)amino) benzyl)imino)methyl)-2-methoxy-3-(o-tolyldiazenyl)phenol(L3)was synthesised and fully characterized by using various analytical techniques | as a preliminary step toward its using as an organic reagent for the formation of an ion-association complex with cobalt ion in acidic medium and the complex is extracted into the surfactant Triton X-100 at optimum conditions for determination of Co(II) as CoCl4 | 2- ion by using the combined cloud point extraction (CPE) methodology. After phas separation, the surfactant-rich phase was diluted with 1M HNO3 in methanol and cobalt (II) ion determined by FAAS technique at λmax of 240.72 nm. The optimization of complexation and extraction conditions was investigated. Thermodynamic parameters of CPE for solubilization process of the ion-pair complex in Triton X-100 were also considered. | Under the optimized conditions, the preconcentration of a 15ml sample which gave preconcentration and enrichment factors were of 15 and 54.078 respectively. The calibration graph was linear in the range of (0.025-3) μg ml-1 with a limit of detection and quantitation limit 0.011534 and 0.038446 μg ml−1. The relative standard deviation for replicate determinations at 0.05μg ml−1 level was of (0.823%, n=8). The proposed | method was applied for the determination of cobalt in river, tap waters, milk, black tea , tobacco and soil by FAAS. The accuracy was determined by recovery percentage for real samples, it’s found good recoveries (101.108-104.918%) for Co2+ with L3 . The study of the stoichiometry for ion association complexes using the slope analysis technique showed that the ion association complex ratio was 1 : 1 for all extracted complexes

دراسات سريرية وجينية في امصال الدم والسائل المنوي للمدخنين وغير المدخنين المصابين بالعقم غير المفسر في محافظة ذي قار - العراق == Biochemical and Genetic Studies of Sera and Semen for Smokers and Non Smokers with Unexplained Male Infertility in Thi - Qar Province/ Iraq

Author name: وسام ريسان نايف المحسن
Supervisor name: رائد معلك حنون | ساجد حسن كزار
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Clinical Biochemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
Abstract: This study was conducted on infertile subjects attending to the infertility Unit in Al-Hussein Teaching Hospital in Thi-Qar province south of Iraq, during the period from Aug 2016 to May 2017. The aim of study was to determine the roles of the presence of some biochemical parameters (oxidative stress, antioxidants), antisperm antibodies and polymorphism for glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) and glutathione transferase (GTSp1) in men with unexplained infertility. | Ninety men with unexplained male infertility (UMI) aged (91-91) year and fifty healthy fertile men aged (20-25) year were included in this study as a control group, had no systemic diseases and none were taking an oral antioxidant supplement for three months prior to the study. | The patients and control were divided into two groups (smoker and non smoker). Serum and seminal fluids were collected from each of them, seminogram test (semen analysis) was performed for each participant, and all semen samples were collected following (3-5) days of abstinence. After liquefaction, semen volume, sperm concentration, total sperm count, morphology, motility grades were determined using World Health Organization (WHO) standard procedures. | In this study, there is no significant (P>0.05) between age and body mass index (BMI) of unexplained infertile men compared with age of fertile men (control). The groups of the unexplained infertile males with history of infertility of 3-5 years duration were largest groups who attended medical services. The majority of the unexplained infertile men (90%) complained of primary infertility while the minority of them (10%) complained of secondary infertility. The current study revealed that effect smoking on unexplained infertile group was percentage (44.4%) comparison with control fertile group (36 %). | )II( | The results of semen analysis for the fertile (control) and the unexplained infertile men, revealed no significant differences (P>0.05) in semen volume, liquefaction time, and semen pH between the two groups in (smoker and non smoker). A significant decrease (P<0.05) was seen in the sperm concentration, sperm motility, total progressive sperm (progressive sperm motility and non-progressive sperm motility) and normal sperm morphology in the unexplained infertile group compared with the fertile group (control). While a significant increase (P<0.05) was seen in immotile sperm, sperm agglutination, round cells count and leukocytes in the unexplained infertile group compared with the fertile group (control). | The results showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in serum and seminal plasma Malondialdehyde (MDA) in unexplained infertile (smoker and nonsmoker) groups when compared to fertile (smoker and nonsmoker) groups. The antioxidant such as vitamins (C and E) and glutathione were significantly decreased in serum and seminal plasma for unexplained infertile (smoker and nonsmoker) groups when compared to fertile (smoker and nonsmoker) groups. | A significant increase in serum Ceruloplasmin(Cp) levels in unexplained infertile group comparison with fertile (control) group (P<0.05). Significant differences (P<0.05) in seminal plasma fertile (smoker and non smoker) groups but there was no statistical difference in the Ceruloplasmin level of seminal plasma unexplained infertile between two groups (smoker and non smoker) groups and no significant difference between smoker fertile group with unexplained Infertile (smoker and non smoker) groups. | High prevalence of antisperm antibody (ASA) in seminal plasma for unexplained male infertility a percentage (25.5%) compared with infertility (control) a percentage (14%), and significant differences in ASA seminal plasma | )III( | (Smoker and non smoker) in all groups, which indicator that high in Smoker men compared with non smoker . | In this research found association between the glutathione peroxidase (GPx1) polymorphism and unexplained male infertility, and effect oxidation and antioxidant on these. Therefore, might be a major risk factor of unexplained male infertility in the studied groups, suggested a stronger association between smoking consumption and risk of unexplained male infertility. | The frequency of the glutathione transferase (GSTp1) genotype showed almost no difference between the unexplained infertile men and the fertile controls, therefore, in this case-control study, the GSTp1 variant genotype (Ile/ Ile ,Ile/ Val , Val/ Val) was no significant different in every group of unexplained infertile men compare than in the fertile (control group).This indicating no significant association between GSTp1 and sperm parameters.

دراسة وظائف الكبد وصورة الدهون والاجهاد التاكسدي في مصول النساء قبل وبعد استئصال المرارة في محافظة ذي قار / العراق == Study of Liver Function, Lipid Profile and Oxidative Stress in Sera of Women Pre and Post Cholecystectomy in Province of Thi - Qar/ Iraq

Author name: سمى يعقوب يوسف
Supervisor name: رائد معلك الصالح | مهند عبد الرضا الشريفي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Analytical Biochemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
Abstract: The present study has been designed to evaluate and compare changes in patients pre, post and long periods for cholecystectomy on BMI, liver function (Aspartate Amino Transferase (AST), Alanine Amino Transferase (ALT), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Total Bilirubin (TSB), Total Protein (TP), lipid profile (Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), High Density Lipoprotein (HDL), Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), Very Low Density Lipoprotein (VLDL)), oxidative stress (Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric Oxide (NO)) and antioxidant state (Albumin (Alb), Ceruloplasmin (CP)). | The study includes (192) subjects : (64) normal subjects (control) and (128) patient’s cholecystectomy, their age range (20-69) years, the patients were divided in to three groups : (64) patients pre and 24 hr post operation cholecystectomy, (64) patients after long periods for cholecystectomy, as well as the patients were divided by age into two groups : a premenopausal group and a postmenopausal group. | The results show that there were a significant decreased in the concentration of serum (AST, ALT, TSB, DB, InB, HDL and Alb) in group pre in comparison with each of post (short and long terms) and control groups (p≤0.05). It was found no significant differences in the concentration of serum (AST, ALT, TSB, DB, InB, HDL and Alb) between each of post (short and long terms) groups (p≤0.05). Also it was found significant differences in the concentration of serum (AST, ALT, TSB, DB, InB, HDL and Alb) between each of post (short and long terms) and control groups (p≤0.05). | -----------------------------INDEX--------------------------------- | XII | While the results showed a significant increase in the concentration of serum (ALP, TP, TC, LDL, NO, MDA and Cp) in all patient groups in comparison with control groups (p≤0.05). It was found no significant differences in the concentration of serum (ALP, TP, TC, LDL, NO, MDA and Cp) between each of post (short and long terms) groups (p≤0.05). Also it was found significant differences in the concentration of serum (ALP, TP, TC, LDL, NO, MDA and Cp) between each of post (short and long terms) and control groups (p≤0.05). | Also the results showed a significant increase in the concentration of serum TG and VLDL in all patient groups in comparison with control groups (p≤0.05). It was found no significant differences in the concentration of serum TG and VLDL between each of post (short and long terms) groups in the group A (p≤0.05). But it was found a significant difference in the concentration of serum TG and VLDL between each of post (short and long terms) in the group B (p≤0.05). Also it was found a significant difference in the concentration of serum TG and VLDL between each of post (short and long terms) groups and control groups (p≤0.05). | The correlation between nitric oxide and each of (ALP, TP, TC, TG, LDL, VLDL, MDA and Cp) in these patient groups were positive. Whereas the correlation between nitric oxide and each of (AST, ALT, TSB, BD, InB, HDL and Alb) in these patient groups were negative. | The above reviewed results lead to conclusion that cholecystectomy causes variant alternations in serum hepatic function and lipid profiles and causes variant effects in serum oxidative stress. Also, age has no effect on each of (ALT, TSB, DB, InB, ALP, TP, TG, VLDL, NO, MDA, Cp and Alb), while age has effect on each of (TC, LDL and HDL). Besides, there are no effect of the period after cholecystectomy on all studied parameters except TG and VLDL.

تحوير فجوة طاقة ثاني اوكسيد التيتانيوم بواسطة تفاعلات الحالة الصلبة مع صوديوم بوروهيدريد والمنيوم ليثيوم هيدريد وتحديد فعالية التحفيز الضوئي == Modifying The Band Gap of Nano Titanium Dioxide By Solid State Reactions With Aluminum Lithium Hydride and Sodium Borohydride and Determining Their Photocatalytic Activity

Author name: سراج علي رحيم
Supervisor name: محسن عريبي الدخيلي | ابراهيم عبود فليفل
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
Abstract: This study includes preparation of nanoparticles of titanium dioxide using sol-gel method and then, the band gap was modified by solid state reaction with (AlLiH4،NaBH4) reductive compounds. Modification reduced the band gap separating | energy levels between valance band (VB) and conduction band (CB), therefor; facilitating the transfer of excited electrons from (VB) to (CB). Absorption of the energy from incident photons having the same or larger energy than the energy of the | band gap promote the formation of the couple (electron - hole) . The resulting (e--h+) couple acts to produce (OH.) radicals. OH. radicals hav a high capability to destroy organic pollutants that adsorbed on surface of the photocatalytic TiO2. | The optical properties measured using UV-visible spectrophotometer (Absorbance (A), energy band gap (Eg) and absorption coefficient ( α ) . TiO2 and TiO2- solid state reaction showed clear blue shift of the absorption band gap which were (2.8ev, 2.7ev, 2.25ev, 2.0ev) to )TiO2- NaBH4(550 ) ,TiO2-NaBH4 (750 ) , TiO2-AlLiH4 (500 ) and TiO2 -AlLiH4 (750 )) respectively. The structure of prepared TiO2 nanopowders were identified using XRD, particle size distribution varied appreciably in comparison with crystallite size (D) calculated from Sheerer formula which was in a good accordant compared with ASTM results , the particle size and their distribution were characterized using (AFM) . To the surface forms and compositions diameters of nanoparticles)SEM) was implemented . The energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis was utilized to investigate the chemical composition of the whole samples. | Photocatalytic reaction was studied by using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. | In photocatalytic reaction the effect of the catalyst on photocatalytic rate of decomposition of methylene blue dye through the use of catalyst TiO2 and TiO2- solid state reaction (TiO2 - NaBH4 (550 ,750 )) and (TiO2 - AlLiH4 (500 ,750 )) . Using constant weight of the catalyst and dye. The most effective weight was found (1*10-4 M). At best weight the influence of many factors on rate of decomposition of dye were studied the impact of change pH varies (4.5, 7.1 and 9.4) found that the highest percentage in the decomposition of the MB was in the acidic media than in neutral and then alkaline. The effect of temperature variation from (20, 30, 40ºC) and found that increased rate of decomposition with increasing the temperature of the MB. Activation energy (Ea) for each reaction was calculated by using the equation of Arrhenius equation between (5.73-11.31) kJ mol-1 . | A series of dark reactions with absorbance measurement by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, within different periods of time with the change of pH and temperature. The results indicate that no degradation of the methylene blue dye although all the factors affecting in photocatalytic present except UV-light .

تحضير تشخيص والخصائص الكهربائية لبعض للليكاندات الجديدة المستندة على 4.3.1 اوكسادايزول، 4.3.1 ثايادايزول و 4.3.1 ترايازول ومعقداتها

Author name: امل حسين نعيثل الزيدي
Supervisor name: محسن عريبي الدخيلي | ابراهيم عبود فليفل
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Inorganic Chemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
Abstract: The thesis include preparation and characterization of some new derivations of, 1,3,4-thiadiazole ,1,2,4-triazole and 1,3,4-oxadiazole as ligands that describe blowThe new complexes were prepared from the reactions of ligands L1, L2, L3, and L4 with transition metal salts (CrCl3.6H2O, FeCl3, CoCl2.6H2O and NiCl2.6H2O). | The elemental analysis (CHN), Infrared (IR) Spectroscopy, Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H NMR), Mass spectra magnetic Susceptibility and flame atomic absorption were used to characterize the structural formula of these ligands and their complexes. | Based on the results of the analytical and spectral measurements of the prepared complexes in this study, and compare them with literature in relation to coordinate sites in ligand. We can suggest the following shapes for the complexes : | 1- With regard to L1 we can conclude that its tridentate with [Cr (III), Fe (III) and Co (III)], In addition to the presence of three of the chloride ions, the geometric shape can be proposed to be octahedral geometry. For nickel (II) Complex the ligand acts as bidentate with two chlorine ions, the geometry is tetrahedral geometry (weak field ligand). | 2-for L2 we can conclude that its tridentate with [Cr (III), Fe (III) and Co (III)], In addition to the presence of three of the chloride ions, the geometric shape can be proposed to be octahedral geometry. For nickel (II) Complex, the ligand acts as bidentate with two chlorine ions, the geometry is square plainer geometry (strong field ligand). | 3 -for L3 we can conclude that it's bidentate with [Cr (III), Fe (III) and Co (III)], In addition to the presence of two of the chloride ions, the geometric shape can be proposed to be tetrahedral geometry. For nickel (II) Complex, the ligand acts as bidentate with two chlorine ions, the geometry is square plainer geometry (strong field ligand). | 4 - For L4 we can conclude that it is bidentate with [Cr (III), Fe (III) and Co (III)], In addition to the presence of two of the chloride ions with two molecule of ligand, the geometric shape can be proposed to be octahedral geometry. For nickel (II) Complex, the ligand acts as bidentate with two chlorine ions, the geometry is square plainer geometry (strong field ligand). | The study also examined the electrical conductivity for both of L1, L3 and their complexes with (Co(III), Fe(III), and Cr(III)) in the presence and absence of iodine. | The study showed that both L1 and L3 are semiconductors and the electrical conductivity of L1 is greater than that of L3. The complexes of these ligands has significantly increased their electrical conductivity and Iron complexes are the most complex electrical conductivity complexes. | As for iodine doping of ligands and their complexes, it was found that iodine increases the conductivity of ligands while decreasing the conductivity of the complexes. However, despite the decrease in the conductivity of the complexes, the conductivity is still higher than those of the free ligands. | A theoretical study for ligands (L1 and L3) and their complexes by Gaussian 09 program and calculate the total energy , HOMO ,LUMO and energy gap for all the studied compounds were found semiconductor

التحقيق في اثار الحجامة الرطبة على بعض المؤشرات البايوكيميائيه في ذي قار محافظة / العراق == Investigation of The Effects of Wet Cupping Therapy on Some Biochemical Parameters in Thi - Qar Governorate/ Iraq

Author name: زهراء طالب مشلول
Supervisor name: محمد عجة عودة
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Analytical Biochemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
Abstract: This study was designed to determine the effect of cupping to treat or reduce a lot of blood variables such as diabetes, liver failure, lipid profile and status of Oxidative and antioxidant , where we have in this study to take blood samples from the volunteers before they activate cupping therapy and then we have to take more samples within 14 days and comparing the results obtained were as follows : The results of the blood glucose concentration decreased significantly (P≤0.05) post cupping when compared with a pre-cupping, while there is no significant decrease in the level of glucose in the blood serum of a group post cupping compared with the control group (P≥0.05 ). In addition, the group pre-cupping showed a significant increase (P≤0.05) in the glucose in the blood serum when compared with the two sets of post-cupping and the control group. It can be seen the results of MDA serum showed a decrease (P≤0.05) in the group post cupping, compared with a pre-cupping, while non-significant in the serum level of MDA in the group post cupping compared with the control group (P≥0.05). While the group pre cupping significant (P≤0.05) MDA in serum when compared with the two sets of post-cupping and control. Summary | XIV | Cp serum levels showed high significant increase (P≤0.05) in | serum Cp can be observed in the two groups pre and post cupping when comparing this with the control group, In addition, the total post-cupping has shown a significant decrease (P≤0.05) in serum Cp compared with a pre-cupping. | As well as the results showed Alb serum significantly increased (P≤0.05) in Alb serum can be observed in the two groups pre and post cupping when compared with the control group, as a group post the cupping showed that there was a significant decrease | (P≤0.05) in Alb serum compared with a pre cupping. | Liver function tests showed a significant decrease in the group post cupping, compared with a pre cupping (P≤0.05), while significant difference was observed liver enzymes levels (ALT, ALP and AST) in the serum can be observed in a post-cupping compared with the control group (P≤0.05). Moreover, the group pre-cupping showed a significant increase (P≤0.05) in levels of ALT, ALP, AST serum when the two groups to be compared with the postcupping and the control group. | Fat results in the serum showed little change, but did not reach the moral (P≥0.05) in the proportion of fat in the blood serum levels of lipoproteins among all groups studied. | In the end we can say that cupping is not used for treatment once and for all, but it's used to treat Alternatively, or in a more identification used to treat complementary.

طريقة كروماتوغرافية طيفية جديدة - لتقدير عقار اللوراتادين في بعض المستحضرات الصيدلانية == Anew Chromatographic - Spectrophotometric Method for Determination of Loratadine in Some Pharmaceutical Preparations

Author name: صفاء حكيم ناصر الغزاوي
Supervisor name: محمد تركي خثي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Analytical Biochemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
Abstract: Due to the medicinal significance of Loratadine, ethyl4-dihydro-11H benzo [5,6] cyclohepta [1,2-b] pyridin-11ylidene (-1-piperidinecarboxylate) has been devoted to this message To create a new chromatographic-spectral method for estimating the pure drug and the drug found in a number of its pharmaceuticals. | The letter included a detailed explanation of a new chromatographic-spectral method for estimating amounts of pure and commercial loratidine. The principle of this method is to break down the double bond present in the loratadine by the potassium permanganate oxidant factor of 0.05 molar and convert it into two ketone-containing compounds : 8-Chloro-5,6-dihydro-11H-benzo [5,6] cyclohepta [1,2-b The second compound is ethyl-4-oxopiperidine-1-carboxylate (B). It has been shown that the two compounds (A and B) can be separated by TLC, FTIR, separated and completely isolated by column chromatography technique. After the separation, the compound (A) was given a stable colorant complex with 4-amino acid benzoic acid ester, in a acidic medium, While the compound ( B ) did not give a stable complex. The results showed a study of changing the conditions of the process of analysis and separation of the two compounds and their diagnosis and the formation of the resulting complex and applications of the method and discussed with the use of different quantities of many types of acids and strong and weak rules and indicate their impact on the intensity of the complex complex color and the optimal conditions were selected for his way of work.

تخليق وتشخيص لبعض المركبات الحلقيه الغير متجانسه كالبيتا لاكتام والكاما لاكتام وفق تفاعل كانيكوزا == SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTRIZAITION OF SOME NEW HETROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS INCLUDING ? & ? LACTAMS BY USING KINUGASA REACTION

Author name: دعاء هادي محسن العطار
Supervisor name: محمود شاكر مكطوف | محسن عريبي الدخيلي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Organic Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: This study is concerned with the synthesis and characterization of the some β- lactams 3(a-f),as in (Table.2). These compounds 3(a-f) were prepared by reacting phenylactylene with the appropriate nitrones2(a-f), in the presence of triethylamine | in acetronitrel under nitrogen atmosphere at -10˚C. in moderate yield (50-70)% . The nitrones compound 2(a-f) were prepared by reacting aldehyde with appropriate N-phenyl hydroxyl amine 1 in the presence of Ethanol. | As in (Table.1) Also the N-phenyl hydroxyl amine 1 compounds were prepared by reduction of nitrobenzene with ammonium chloride in Zinc Powder in the presence of water.This study is concerned with the synthesis and characterization of mono-γ- | lactams and bis-γ-lactams These compounds were prepared by reaction phenylsuccinic anhydride with the appropriate schiff bases(imines), by using chloroform solvent and heated at temperature (51-61˚C) in moderate yields(70- 92)%, All this compound confirmed by using spectra data such as : , IR , 1H-NMR , 13CNMR , APT 13C-NMR , HSQC 1H-13C-NMR,Mass

التاثير الوقائي للخلاصة المائية لاوراق نبات الزريج STZ على الكبد واعتلال الخصوبة في ذكور الجرذان المصابة بالسكري بواسطة == Potential Role of Aqueous Extract From Chrozophora Tinctoria Leaves on Liver and Fertility Dysfunction in STZ Induced Diabetic Male Rats

Author name: منى حسون عبودي
Supervisor name: محمد عجة عودة
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Analytical Biochemistry
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: This study was designed to investigate the pharmacological effects on air dried Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) Rafin plant samples as well as the responses of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats for the aqueous Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) Rafin leaves extracts. To achieve this aim, phytochemicals analysis were carried out by various standard assays and then antioxidant compounds contents in the three parts of the plant (leaves, stems, and roots) estimated by common spectroscopic methods. In addition, physiological, biochemical and histological parameters of (STZ) diabetic rats are evaluated too. Rats are distributed into five groups : Control, diabetic rats and three diabetic groups received orally different doses of (50, 70, and 90 mg/kg body weight (BW)) from the target extract for a period of 35 days. When the therapy is ended, blood samples, liver and testis tissues were taken and concentration of glucose, insulin, lipid profile, HbA1C, as well as the activity of ALT, AST, ALP, male sexual hormones were determined as well as liver and testis histology. In general, the results of this study show that the liver and testis tissue were damaged, serum ALP, AST ALT activities, HbA1C, lipid profile, T, LH, FSH, insulin and blood glucose levels were remarkable normalized. It was observed that the BW of diabetic control group is decreased. However the BW elevated slightly in the diabetic treated groups as well as serum insulin and male hormones. In addition, the extract improves the liver function and reduces lesions associated with diabetic state in STZ induced rats. Moreover, the effect of oral administration of Chrozophora tinctoria (L.) Rafin at a dose of 90 mg / kg body weight was more efficient than the 50 and 70 mg/kg body weight. Furthermore, the obtained results related that male reproductive system showed remarkable increased of sperm count, viability and motility after treatment with dose 70 mg/kg of body weight. Histological examination of the testis revealed improvement of spermatogenesis and Leydig cell proliferation with all doses of the extract. However, the histological features of the rats testis received 70 and 90 mg/kg, was found to be similar to the healthy group. The whole results indicated that the extract exhibited protective effect on liver tissues, as well as maintained the damage fertility in diabetic rats. These investigations explain its potentials as an antidiabetic, hepato protective agent, and promising therapeutic to recover male subfertility

تحضير بعض الفورمازنات والثايازوليدينونات الجديدة ودراسة فعالية بعض المركبات المحضرة في خفض سكر الدم

Author name: هبة محمد داغر راشد
Supervisor name: حيدر عباس مهدي | كريم سالم عباس
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The thesis consists of three chapters. The first chapter is concerned with the introduction described the chemistry of Schiff bases , formazans and thiazolidinones compounds including importance , applications , synthesis and literature reviews.The second chapter describes the chemicals and solvents which were used in the synthesis of the new Schiff bases, formazans and thiazolidinones derivatives, physical measurements , synthesis methods of compounds and evaluation of anti - hyperglycemic activity. The formazans compounds[4a - 4h] were prepared by reacting diazonium salts amines[3a - 3c] with the appropriate Schiff bases[2a - 2h].Schiff bases themselves are synthesized by the condensation of different primary amines with various aromaticaldehydes. The thiazolidinones derivatives[5c,5e,5i,5j,5k] are synthesized by condensing thioglycolic acid with various Schiff bases[2a - 2h]. All the structures prepared [2a - 2k] , [4a - 4h] and [2c, 2e ,2i ,2j , 2k] were shown in scheme(1), and characterized on the basis of the spectral data : IR, Mass, 1H and 13C NMR. The third chapter deals with , the results and discussion. The IR spectra show an important absorption band at (1558 - 1689)cm - 1 attributed to azomethine (C=N) for Schiff bases, the IR spectra showed important absorption band at (1681 - 1597 )cm - 1 attributed to azomethine (C=N) and (1465 - 1558) cm - 1 to ( - N=N - ) for formazans derivatives. Also, the IR spectra show an important absorption band at (1689 - 1658)cm - 1 attributed to the thiazolidinones ring . The 1H - NMR spectra of formazans show aromatic protons at the range (7.07 - 8.49 )ppm and pyridyl protons as downfield signal at (8.22 - 9.15 ) hydrazide signal at 11 ppm. The 1H - NMR of thiazolidinones exhibit new signals attributed to - CH2 and - CH of thiazolidnones ring at δ (4.52 - 4.71) and (5.70 - 5.81 ) ppm, respectively .13C - NMR spectra of formazans exhibit that the a signal at 156 - 168 ppm (amide carbonyl) , thiazolidinones show a signal at (207.35 - 208 .60) ppm attributed to the C=O ring thiazolidinones.The mass spectra of the formazans compounds [4d ,4e, 4g , 4h] show a molecular ion peak. M+(354 .401 . 516. 498) m/z corresponding to the target compounds. Also, mass spectra of thiazolidinones compounds [5e, 5i] show molecular ion peak. M+ (356 , 369 ) m/z corresponding to the target compounds .This study is also concerned with anti - hyperglycemic activity ,and male mice (Mus musculus Balb/c ) weighing (25 - 35)gm were used for the study of the effects of formazan compound [4e] and thiazolidinone compound [5e] on the blood glucose levels of the animals.Animals are divided into seven different groups, Group (A) : negative control (normal) that is only treated with distilled water (D.W). Group (B) : positive control that is treated with alloxan (125mg/kg) B.W. only to induce diabetes. Group (C) : that is only treated with (DMSO) only. Group (D) : alloxan - induced diabetes mice that are treated with (75 mg/kg) of formazan derivative [4e]. Group (E) : alloxan - induced diabetes mice that are treated with (150 mg/kg) of formazan derivative [4e]. Group (F) : injected alloxan and thiazolidinone [5e] (75 mg/kg). Group (G) : injected alloxan and compound thiazolidinone [5e] (150 mg/kg) .The mice were treated for two weeks and used Colorimetric to Determination of serum Glucose Level by spectrophotometer. The results how that the determination of serum glucose concentration is in males mice groups (A , B , C , D, E , F and G ).A significant decrease can be observed among ( D, E, F and G) groups as compared with group (A) after treatment (2 week) with (75 mg /kg) and (150 mg /kg ) respectively of formazans [4e] and also treatment with(75 mg /kg) and (150 mg /kg ) from thiazolidinone [5e] . while groups (A , C ) do

تحضير وتشخيص قواعد شف ومعقداتها المشتقة من الازاتين واستخدامها في استخلاص ايون النيكل الثنائي == Synthesis and characterization of Schiff Bases and its complexes derived from isatin and using in extraction of nickel ion(II)

Author name: الاء محمد علي عبد الامير
Supervisor name: ساهر عبد الرضا علي | ابراهيم عبود فليفل
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The present work include preparation of three ligands (schiff base) derived from condensation reaction isatin and 5 - Bromoisatin and 5 - Methyl isatin with (2 - aminoBenzylamine) ,to give the following ligands : (z) - 3 - (2 - ((z) - 2 - oxoindolin - 3 - ylideneamino)benzylimino)indolin - 2 - one (z)5 - bromo - 3 - (2 - ((z) - 2 - oxoindolin - 3 - ylideneamino)benzylimino)indolin - 2 - one (z)5 - methyl - 3 - (2 - ((z) - 2 - oxoindolin - 3 - ylideneamino)benzylimino)indolin - 2 - one The new complexes were prepared from the reactions of ligands L1,L2,L3 with the transition metal chlorides (NiCl2.6H2O,CoCl2.6H2O, CrCl3.6H2O).The prepared derivatives and Their complexes were studied and characterized by elemental analysis (CHN),Infrared(IR),Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy(1H - NMR),Mass Spectra , Molar conductivity techniques were used. The complexes of [Ni(II), Co(II), Cr(III)] for all ligands have shown octahedral configuration. Shiff base has been stadied by liquid - liquid extraction to words the metal ion Ni2+ from aqueous phase to organic phase .the study of condition o extraction shows that the optimum pH values for extraction was (pH= 8). the suitable concentration of (L3) was(1×10_2M).so the suitable concentration of Ni2+ ion in aqueous solution wich is giving highest distribution ratio (D) was(80μg/ml) .the optimum shaking time to reach the equilibria was(15 minute). The results show that D and (E%) depend on the structure of organic solvent used.the temperature effct that areduce in the efficiency of extraction with increase of temperature means that the reaction is exothermic .The (L3) use in the extraction of nickel from sample of tobacco . it was found that the efficiency of extraction is (E %= 98.98 ) .

دراسة مقارنة لفرط الاكسدة ووظائف الكبد في النساء ذوات تضخم الغدة الدرقية قبل وبعد عملية الاستئصال == Compartive Study for Oxidative Stress and Liver Functions in Women with Euthyroid Goiter before and after Thyroidectomy

Author name: الاء عبد فيصل
Supervisor name: رائد معلك حنون الصالح | علي نايف عاصي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Analytical Biochemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Multinodular goiter defined as the palpation of multiple distinct nodules in the enlarged thyroid gland and it is one of the commonest thyroid diseases encountered in the practice of surgery. Treatment modalities are mainly antithyroid drugs and surgery. The most common surgery being performed for multinodular goitre is subtotal thyroidectomy for the reasons that it is comparatively easier to perform, less time consuming and has a lesser complication rate especially of damage to recurrent laryngeal nerve andparathyroids. Subtotal thyroidectomy involves removal of majority of the diseased thyroid tissue along with the isthmus leaving behind a remnant of roughly 4 - 8 grams on each side.This study was accomplished for evaluation the effect of thyroidectomy on thyroid hormones levels (T3, T4 and TSH) ,serum oxidant - antioxidants status( malondialdehyde (MDA) , ceruloplasmin (Cp), transferrin (Tf ) and albumin (Alb)) , also liver function tests (aspartate amino transferase enzyme (AST), alanine amino transferase enzyme (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin (BIL)). Blood samples were obtained from (100) patients with euthyroid goiter, as well as (50) healthy subjects as a control group.The comparison is based on three variables : general comparison ]Group A (Control) : - Included fifty health subjects aged (15 - 60) years. Group B (preoperative) : - Included fifty preoperative patients aged (15 - 60) years. Group C (postoperative) : - Included fifty postoperative patients aged (15 - 60) years[, age ]each one divided into three groups : G 1(15 - 30),G 2 (31 - 40), G 3 (41 - 60)[and according to the time period after surgery ] Post - 1 group : (Less than month). Post - 2group : (From month to year). Post - 3 group : (More than year)[.The results showed that there was a significant increase in MDA, Cp, AST and ALT in all preoperative and postoperative patients in comparison with control group. Yet, Alb, Tf levels showed a significant decrease in all patients groups of preoperative and postoperative in comparison with control group. Also, MDA, Cp, AST and ALT showed a significant increase in postoperative patients in comparison with control group. But, ALP, Alb and BIL showed no significant increase in postoperative patients in compared to control group.While Tf showed a significant decrease in postoperative patients in as compared to the control group. MDA, Cp, AST, ALT, ALP and BIL was decreased in the postoperative group when compared to preoperative group. Yet, Alb, Tf showed a significant increase in postoperative patients group when compared to preoperative group .The results showed a significant increase MDA, Cp, AST, ALT, ALP and BIL in Pre - G1 in comparison with Cont - G1. But, Tf, Alb showed a significant decrease in Pre - G1 in comparison with Cont - G1. Also, MDA, Cp, ALT, ALP and BIL showed a significant increase in Pre - G1 in comparison with Post - G1. While AST showed no significant differences in Pre - G1 as compared to Post - G1. The results showed that there were a significant increase MDA, Cp, AST, ALT and BIL in Pre - G2 in comparison with Cont - G2. But, Alb showed asignificant decrease in Pre - G2 in comparison with Cont - G2. Tf showed a significant decrease in Post - G2 compared to Pre - G2, Cont - G2. While ALP showed no significant differences in all age groups as compared to Cont - G2.Also, MDA, AST and BIL showed a significant decrease in Post - G2 in comparison with Pre - G2. While ALT and ALP showed no significant differences in Pre - G2 as compared to Post - G2.The results showed that there were a significant increase MDA, Cp, AST, ALT, ALP and BIL in Pre - G3 in comparison with Cont - G3. But, Tf and Alb showed a significant decrease in Pre - G3 in comparison with Cont - G3. lso, MDA, Cp, AST and ALT showed no significant differences in Pre - G3 in comparison with Post - G3. While Tf showed a significant increase in Pre - G3 as compared to Post - G3, there were no significant differences in Alb in Pre - G3 and Post - G3 .According to The Time Period there were a significant increase in serum MDA ,Cp concentration in Post - 1and Post - 3 in comparison with Control group(P≤0.05), but there were no significant differences in serum MDA concentration between Post - 2 and Control group (P≤0.05). there were no significant differences in serum Alb, Tf concentration between Post - 1 , Post - 2, Post - 3 and Control group (P≤0.05). there was a significant increase in serum AST concentration in Post - 2, Post - 3 in comparison with control group (P≤0.05), but there were no significant differences in serum AST concentration between Post - 1 and Control group (P≤0.05), there were no significant differences in serum MDA, Cp, AST concentration between Post - 1 , Post - 2, Post - 3(P≤0.05) But, ALT and ALP showed a significant decrease in Post - 1 comparison with Post - 2 and Post - 3, there were no significant differences in serum ALT ,ALP concentration between Post - 1, Post - 2 and control group(P≤0.05), While there was a significant increase in Post - 3 comparison with control. BIL show a significant decrease in Post - 1 comparison with Post - 3.There were no significant differences in Post - 2, Post - 3 in comparison with control. But, BIL show a significant increase in Post - 1 in comparison with control.

دراسة التاثيرات الانجابية لبعض العناصر النزرة على العقم عند الرجال في محافظة ذي قار - العراق == Reproductive Effects of Some Trace Elements On Male Infertility, In Thi - Qar Governorate/Iraq

Author name: ملاك حريز نعيم الخفاجي
Supervisor name: ساجد حسن كزار | ايناس صالح جواد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Analytical Biochemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

تحضير وتشخيص وتقييم الفعالية البايولوجية لبعض مركبات الفورمازان المشتقة من قواعد شف ومركبات الازو الجديدة ومعقداتها مع الكادميوم الثنائي II == Synthesis , Charactrization and Evaluation Biological Activity of some New Formazan Compounds Derived from Schiff Bases and Azo Compounds and Their Complexes With Cadmium(II)

Author name: محمد عبد الحسن شلال
Supervisor name: حيدر عباس مهدي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The letter includes the preparation of twenty new derivatives of Formazan compounds that include Schiff bases associated with AZO compounds.The spectrum of spectroscopy (FT.IR) for all compounds, the NMR spectrum, the NMR spectrum of NMR and the CHIS for all compounds and the identification of some of their physical properties such as grade (TPC), and then to prepare four complexes (two of them for morphine and two forformas) as complexes with cadmium ion, to determine optimal conditions for complex formation and then to measure the molecular conductivity of the complex as well as the electronic measurements Wa For magnetic sensitivity. And then studying of biological activity. For some of these vehicles the research has included two main parts : section One : I attended and identified a group of derivatives (Schiff bases) and then were linked through the interaction of the nuts under certain conditions for the preparation of new Formazan compounds containing (Schiff bases - AZO compounds) on the same compound and then attended four complexes of two Schiff bases and two of the Lycandat Formazan The new vehicles have been identified above Section Two : This part of the work was studied by studying the vital effectiveness of some compounds. Schiff bases and Formazan compounds were selected to determine the effect of the active groups of the compound on inhibiting the biological activity of the microorganisms studied in this thesis

تحضير وتشخيص بعض مشتقات قواعد شف والفورمازانات ومعقداتهما واستخدامهما في استخلاص ايون Cr+6 بطريقة استخلاص نقطة الغيمة == Preparation and Characterization of some Schiff base and formazans derivatives and their Complexes and using them in the Extraction of (Cr+6) Ion By Mothed Cloud - Point Extraction

Author name: بتول مهدي صالح
Supervisor name: ساهر عبد الرضا علي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: This study includes the preparation of ten ligands and it′s complexs : Ligand L4 (N - (4 - ((2 - (phenylcarbamothioyl)hydrazono)methyl)phenyl) acetamide) was prepared by the condensation of (4 - acetamido benzaldehyde) with (4 - phenylthiosemi carbazide). Ligand L5 (1, 3 - bis (2 - hydroxy - 3 - methoxy - (E) - benzylideneamino) eurea) was prepared by the condensation of (o - vanillin) with (carbohydrazide). Formazan F1 (1 - benzoyl - 3 - (2 - hydroxyphenyl) - 5 - phenylformazan) is prepared from coupling the diazonium salt with (L1) proportions Molar (1 : 1). Formazan F2 (3 - (2 - hydroxyphenyl) - 1 - nicotinyl - 5 - phenyl formazan) was prepared by coupling the diazonium salt with (L2) proportions Molar (1 : 1).Complexes were prepared for (L3), (F1) and (F2) by interaction with the salts of the elements NiCl2.6H2O, CoCl2.6H2O, CdCl2.6H2O, CrCl3.6H2O. The ligands and it′s complexes were characterized by using Elemental Analysis (C.H.N) Infrared Spectroscopy(FT - IR), Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (1H - NMR) , Mass Spectra and Molar Electrical Conductivity and the results were identical to what is expected scientifically. The spatial shape of the complexes prepared is (octahedral). (ligand L1 and formazan F1) on distribution ratio values and percentage of extraction, where results showed that percentage values and distribution ratio in this way increase with increasing concentration of (L1 and F1) where he found that the best distribution ratio (D) and percentage (% E) to extract ion(Cr+6) when concentration (L1 & F1) is (5 * 10 - 4 M).

تحضير , تشخيص ودراسة بيولوجية لمشتقات جديدة من 4,3,1 - ثايادايازول ومعقداتها مع بعض ايونات العناصر الانتقالية == Preparation , Characterization and biological study of new derivatives of 1,3 , 4 - Thiadiazole and their complexes with some transitional element ions

Author name: نعيم عبد السادة بشير الخفاجي
Supervisor name: ابراهيم عبود فليفل
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The present study involves preparation of three new ligands derived from the thiadiazole (2,5 - dihydrazineyl - 1,3,4 - thiadiazol) with 1H - indole - 2,3 - dione (Isatin) by the ratio (1 : 2). the ligands L1 and L2 were synthesized from the reaction between thiadiazole derivative with (Benzophenone) by the ratio (1 : 2). The ligand L3 was prepared from thiadiazole derivative and (3 - aminoacetophenone) by the ratio (1 : 2), the following are the structural formulas of the prepared ligands : Prepared the complexes of the transitional elements ions [Cr+3, Fe+3, Co+2, Ni+2 and Cu+2] with ligands (L1, L2 and L3), where the ligands and their complexes characterization by precision analysis of elements (C.H.N.), Infrared spectrum (FT - IR), proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H - NMR), Mass spectrometry, measurement magnetic sensitivity and measurement molarconductivity the results were practical exactly matching with the molecular and structural formulas of the proposed compounds. Hyperchem was used to draw ligands and their complexes and to show the distribution of electronic density. The data indicates that the configuration of the complexes {[CrL1Cl3], [FeL1 3] , [CoL1 3]}, {[CrL2 3], [FeL2 3] ,[CoL2Cl3]} {[Cr(L3)2Cl ]Cl, 3)2Cl2] and [Co(L )2Cl2]Cl} are octahedral , while the proposed configuration of the complexes {[NiL Cl2], 1Cl2]}, [NiL2Cl2] [CuL2Cl ]} ,{[NiL Cl2] and [CuL3Cl2 are square planer. A study was conducted testing the biological activity for the prepared ligands and their complexes against two types of bacteria (staphylococcus aureus) and (Escherichia coli) compared to the standard inhibitor (Ciprofloxacin), the obtained results confirmed the biological effectiveness of prepared preparations except for the third ligand higher than standard inhibitor (Cipro) towards the bacteria (Escherichia coli), the following complexes also showed (A5, C5, C4, C3 and C1) biological effectiveness towards the bacteria (Escherichia coli) higher than standard inhibitor (Cipro), while the rest complexes showed less effectiveness than the standard inhibitor (Cipro) ) 4and A 3, A2(A ) except the complexesEscherichia colitowards the bacteria (where don't showed any biological effectiveness. Also the study confirmed that ligands and their complexes did not show any biological activity towards the bacteria (staphylococcus aureus).

استخلاص وتشخيص ودراسة كيموحيوية لبعض الزيوت الاساسية في نبات الرشاد البري في مدينة الناصرية / العراق

Author name: مريم ماجد كاظم الحسيناوي
Supervisor name: حسام محمد كريدي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Analytical Biochemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

تحضير وتشخيص وتقيم الفعالية البيولوجية لبعض مركبات الفورمازان المشتقة من قواعد شف الجديدة ومعقداتها مع بعض العناصر الانتقالية == Synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of some new Formazan compounds derived from Schiff Bases and their complexes with some transition Metals.

Author name: اعراف محمود داود
Supervisor name: حيدر عباس مهدي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis contains three chapters represents, the first chapter introduction and interested in studying the chemistry of schiff base and derivatives of formazan, their complexes in terms of their characteristics, importance and synthesis.The second chapter is interested in describing the chemicals and procedures used in the synthesis of the required compounds, and the study of physical measurements, synthesis methods of compounds and evaluation as well as the biological activity.In this research, four new derivatives of formazan (L3, L4, L5 - 4d), which synthesized from the reaction of Diazonium salt amine with suitable Schiff base (L1, L2 - 2d). The Schiff base can product of different primary amines with several aromatic aldehyde and synthesized both of the (Schiff bases, formazans) suitable complexes.The third chapter Results and Discussion, identified synthesized formazan derivatives as well as Schiff bases prefix and its complexes by appropriate spectral methods including of infrared spectroscopy (FT - IR) for all compounds, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectrum (1H - NMR) for all compounds Microanalysis (CHNS) for the majority of compounds as well as Mass spectra. For all complexes were recording certain physical properties, such as melting point (m.p.). Monitoring progress of the chemical reaction by using thin chromatography layer (TLC). We synthesis eight complexes (three from Schiff bases and five from formazan derivatives) were complexes with ions (Co, Ni, Cd), then measuring the molar conductivity of complexes. Then study the biological effectiveness for some compounds have been chosen complexes Schiff bases, as well as formazan complexes to determine the effect of active groups in these compounds to evaluate the efficiency ofXIthe compounds against different type of bacteria.The research also includes a test of biological effectiveness of the prepared ligands and their metallic complexes, where we study response inhibitory to the three types of bacteria, a gram positive type of bacteria (Staphylococcus aureuse) and gram negative type of the bacteria (Escherichia Coli and salmonella species) and compared with the standard inhibitor (Cipro).The biological effectiveness swohs positive results as it was noted The ligand L1, L2, L3, L4, L5 and Schiff base 4d Showed lower efficiency than the standard inhibitor trend three types of bacteria. The prepared complexes from ligands appeared high effective than the effectiveness of the ligands itself The formazan (L3, L4, L5 dna 2d) appeared high effective than the effectiveness of the prepared Schiff base

تخليق وتشخيص بعض المركبات الاحادية والثنائية للكاما لاكتام والثايزوليدينون == SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SOME MONO AND BIS ? - LACTAMS AND THIAZOLIDINONES COMPOUNDS

Author name: اصالة سلام جبر
Supervisor name: محمود شاكر مكطوف التميمي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Organic Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: This study is concerned with the synthesis and characterization of mono, bis γ - lactams 3(a - h) and mono, bis Thiazolidinone 4(a - i). The structures of the prepared compounds are confirmed by the spectral data include FT - IR spectroscopy , 1H - NMR spectroscopy , 13C - NMR spectroscopy, Mass spectroscopy.Mono and bis γ - Lactams are prepared by reacting Phenyl succinic anhydride with the appropriate Schiff base , in dry chloroform. The obtained mono and bis γ - lactams 3(a - g) is in moderate yields (51 - 75%).The FT - IR spectra showed an absorption bands at (1636 - 1692 cm - 1) attributed to amide carbonyl group ( - N - C=O), and at (1699 - 1733 cm - 1) carboxylic group which attributed (COOH) . The 1H - NMR spectra of compounds 3(a - g),show signals of the aliphatic protons at rang (3.356 - 4.02) ppm and signals for aromatic protons at rang (7.202 - 8.218) ppm. The 13C - NMR spectra of compounds 3(a - e), show signal at rang (171.30 - 178.58) ppm which related amide carbon ( - N - C=O), and at rang (178.32 - 182.16) ppm carboxylic carbon (COOH).Mono and bis Thiazolidinones are prepared by the reaction of thioglycolic acid with Schiff base, in dry benzene. The produced Thiazolidinones 4(a - f) is in moderate yields (55 - 78%).The FT - IR spectra showed an absorption band at (1654 - 1691 cm - 1) attributed to carbonyl group which is related to ( - N - C=O). The 1H - NMR spectra show signals of the aliphatic protons at rang (4.2 - 7.1) ppm and signals for aromatic protons at rang (7.352 - 8.015) ppm. The 13C - NMR spectra show signals at rang (172.32 - 179.52) ppm which is related to amide carbonyl group ( - N - C=O).

دراسة مستويات مصل الهوموسيستين وعلاقته مع بعض انزيمات القلب في المرضى الذين يعانون من احتشاء عضلة القلب في محافظة ذي قار - العراق == Study of Serum Homocysteine levels and Its Correlation with Some Cardiac Enzymes in Patients with Myocardial Infarction In Thi - Qar Province/Iraq

Author name: اديان سعد حمزة
Supervisor name: محمد عجة عودة
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Analytical Biochemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Myocardial infarction (MI) or acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is the medical term for an event commonly known as heart attack. An MI occurs when blood stops flowing properly to a part of the heart, and the heart muscle is injured because it is not receiving enough oxygen. Biochemical tests are restricted to monitoring cardiac enzymes activities. Therefore, introducing homocysteine test in hospitals for MI patients may provide a clearer picture on the patient condition and help in the disease management.The study was conducted during the period from October 2015 till August 2016. Sixty - three of the people who have a history of injury in the acute myocardial infarction are studied. The diagnosis is based on the clinical presentation and confirmed by ECG, and cardiac enzyme. Forty - eight of persons as healthy volunteers were selected as a control group.The results indicated the following : The proportion of patients male (57%) and females (43%), smokers (49%) and non - smokers (51%), most of them are females. The results also showed that (32%) live in cities, compared to (68%) live in rural areas, and patients Serum homocysteine was significantly higher in MI patients compared to the control group. Homocysteine levels were higher in smokers(p = 0.0001). and unemployed individuals(p < 0.0001)., as well as in individuals with family history of MI or CAD(p < 0.0001). High hypertensive, diabetic and obese individuals had also higher levels of homocysteine . Based on the results of this study suggested measuring the amino acid Homocysteine levels of security as one of the effective ways to diagnose patients with myocardial infarction in hospitals

دراسة كيمو حيوية مقارنه للاجهاد التاكسدي وانماط الدهون في المرضى كبار السن المصابين بمرض الارتجاف الاذني في محافظة ذي قار العراق == A Biochemical Comparative Study of Oxidative Stress and Lipid Profile in Elderly Patients With Atrial Fibrillation in Thi - Qar Governorate/Iraq

Author name: سارة عاشور ساير
Supervisor name: رائد معلك حنون الصالح | عدنان الطعان الخفاجي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia in the general population, and a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Lifetime risk for development of AF has been estimated to 1 in 4 in individuals aged 40 years or more.The present study is designed to determine the levels of oxidative stress by measuring lipid peroxidation product (malondialdehyde MDA), antioxidant state by measuring some antioxidants such as (ceruloplasmin Cp, Transferrin Tf, albumin Alb ,uric acid Ua) ,in addition to lipid profile (cholesterol TC, triglyceride TG, high density lipoprotein cholesterol HDL - C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol LDL - C and very low density lipoprotein cholesterol VLDL - C) in atrial fibrillation patients .The study included (150) subjects; (75) normal subjects (control) and (75) patients with atrial fibrillation. The patients are divided into two groups according to the age : (39) elderly patients [the age range (60 - 80) years] and (36) others patients [the age range (20 - 59) years], also patients are divided in to two groups according to the age with one or more risk factor (Hypertention (HTN), Ischemic Heart Disease(IHD), Heart Hailure (HF)) : elderly which included (18) patients (lone AF) , (21) patients (AF with HTN, IHD, HF) and others which included (17) patients (lone AF), (19) patients (AF with HTN, IHD, HF).The normal subjects (control) also divided into two groups according to the age : elderly [the age range (60 - 80) years] and others [the age range (20 - 59) years] .According to age, the results shown significant increase in the concentration of serum (MDA, Cp, uric acid, TC, TG, VLDL - C, LDL - C ) in elderly and other groups in comparison with their control groups (p≤0.05). It was found significant increase in the concentration of serum MDA in elderly group in comparison with other group, also it was found significant increase in the concentration of serum uric acid in control elderly group in comparison withXIVcontrol other group (p≤0.05). The results also showed non significant differences in the concentration of serum (Cp, uric acid, TC,TG, LDL - C, VLDL - C) between elderly and other groups. It was also found non significant differences in the concentration of serum ( Cp, TC, TG, LDL - C, VLDL - C) between control elderly and control other groups (p≤0.05). While serum Alb , serum Tf and serum HDL - C concentrations show a significant decrease in elderly and other groups in comparison with their control groups (p≤0.05). The results showed significant decrease in the concentration of serum HDL - C in control elderly group in comparison with control other group. Also there were no significant differences in the concentration of serum Alb serum Tf and serum HDL - C between elderly and others groups (p≤0.05).According to the age with one or more risk factor (HTN, IHD, HF) the results show a significant increase in the concentration of serum (MDA, Cp , uric acid, TC, TG, VLDL - C , LDL - C ) in elderly and other groups in comparison with their control groups (p≤0.05). It was found a significant increase in the concentration of serum MDA in the groups AF and AF with HTN, IHD, HF ( in elderly groups) in comparison with groups AF and AF with HTN, IHD, HF (in other groups) respectively (p≤0.05). It was also found a significant increase in the concentration of serum uric acid in control elderly groups in comparison with control other groups , also there were no significant differences in the concentration of serum (CP ,TC , TG ,VLDL - C, LDL - C) between elderly and other groups (p≤0.05). serum Alb ,serum Tf and serum HDL - C show a significant decrease in elderly and other groups in comparison with their control groups, also there was significant decrease in the concentration of serum HDL - C in control elderly groups in comparison with control other groups (p≤0.05). It was also found non significant differences in the concentration of serum Alb and serum Tf between elderly and other groups (p≤0.05).
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