Author name:
زينب علي جمعة
Supervisor name:
منى يونس حسين
Abstract:
The economic circles of governments, research centers and specialize dorganizations and others focused on the subject of the partnership between the public and private sectors, especially after the global crisis (mortgage crisis) 2008 - 2009, and the perception of both capitalism and socialism, and thus to the role of the state in economic life, and then to the role of public and private sector in the process of the burdens of the development process from thecornerof rallying all the possibilities in the community of the energies, resources and expertise in each of the sectors, and represents a partnership between the sectors from the viewpoint of its supporters, and the means of financing local projects, especially with the growing burden of the general budget in accordance with the constant changes in world prices for countries that rely their budget on oil, and for countries already suffering from a lack of resources,and states went out of the central towards fiscal decentralization, while some believe that the partnership is not always the best choices to provide a service or commodity or implement a project, so the government agencies to be cautious and scrutinize all the economic factors and effects when making arrangements partnership.There are different types of partnership distribute the risks and responsibilities in different ways, and the government should not think that the partnership provide it easy solutions to the difficulttopics,so it must expect the highestresults, in return, from the partner, and perhaps legal and financialrestrictions and consequences, and others.The theme of partnership between the public and private sectorsis a new one in the economic literature, and is still in the early stages to put the standardized principles, rules andsystems to it, control and regulate various forms of partnership between the two sectors to include all sectors, despite the fact that its beginnings in the eighties and nineties of the last century, but it was not readily visible only in this period, so it is necessary to study and analyze itto know its advantages and disadvantages, and the extent of his contribution to the solution of economic problems.Because the subject of the partnership between the public and private sectors is still in its early stages, although his beginnings in the eighties and nineties of the last century,so it is necessary to study of the concept of partnership,its types, justifications, objectives, laws, and elaborated and classified it to put it in the specific rules and frameworks, and understand the degree of risk associated with a partnership or benefits from it. The structure of the researchis distributed between three chapters, where the first chapter examines the theoretical aspect of the partnership between the public and private sectors, which is divided into two sections.The first one examines the concept of partnership, itstypes, justifications, objectives and benefits in general, and the second studying the theoretical debate of the role of the state and the private sector in economic activity, while the second chapter is divided into three sections. It examines the experiences of countries in the world in the partnership between the public and private sectors, the first section of it for the international, Arab and Islamic views about the partnership between the two sectors, occur while the second offers the Egypt's experience in partnership, explaining its legal framework and applied partas collectives and ventures.The third section was studying the experience of Morocco in partnership under the same pattern in its legal framework and applied part as collectives and ventures.The third chapter devoted to the partnership in Iraq and distributed among the three sections, the first : legislative framework for partnership in Iraq, and explain the development of public and private sector, and the relationship between them, while the second section analyzes the partnership databetween the public and private sectors in Iraq after 2003, and the third section went for the study of the most important caveats or risk, not forgetting the benefits of the partnership between the public and private sectors to get to a set of conclusions, the most important of them the true hypothesis of the research, where it can find a partnership between the public and private sectors, however, such a partnership could lead to the pros and caveats or risks, the most serious of these caveats are not tighten the legal partnership, which means a legal port or a legal loophole for a partner to get the gains, which leads us to recommend the creation of a dedicated and efficient staff to study the contracts and legal provisions.
