ميزان الخدمات في العراق : رؤية تقويمية في الابعاد التنموية والدولية للمدة 1990 - 2012 == The Balance of Services In Iraq : Evaluation Vision On The Developmental And International Dimensions For The Period 1990 - 2012
Author name:
سرمد جاسم حمودي ناصر
Supervisor name:
هناء عبد الغفار حمود السامرائي
General topic:
Administration and Economics
Specific topic:
Economy
Degree:
Master
University:
Mustansiriyah University
Language:
Arabic
University location:
Baghdad
First pages:
07T4246 - p.pdf
Abstract:
سعت هذه الدراسة الى تحليل ميزان الخدمات للمدة 1990 - 2012 , وذلك لغرض الوقوف على مدى تطور تجارة الخدمات , وقياس الكفاءة والقدرة التنافسية لقطاع الخدمات من جهة , فضلا عن تحديد نسبة اسهامه في عجز الحساب الجاري كاحد اهم مكونات ميزان المدفوعات من جهة اخرى. | This study sought to analyze the balance of services, for the period1990 - 2012, and for the purpose of standing on the evolution of trade in services, and measuring the efficiency and competitiveness of the services sector on the one hand, as well as to determine the percentage of its contribution to the current account deficit, as one of the most important the balance of payments components on the other hand. The motivation for the choice of the subject of the study is the suffering of the Iraqi services balance from a sustainable deficit is financed by oil revenues.The study also focused on the analysis of the local development dimension and the international dimension of the situation of the Iraqi balance of services, through the adoption of definitions and classifications of evidence of the balance of payments with the local approach of the International Monetary Fund and the analysis of their consistency with statistical and macroeconomic indicators, and the study of the relationship between the conditions the balance of services and distribution and service sectors, and in the international dimension, there was the application of international indicators on trade in services and measure the real exchange ratein accordance with the PPP and determining the impact of Balasa - Samuelson effect.The rentier culture in Iraq, which represents the major features of the Iraqi economy effects are reflected in changes in the structure of production of other strategic sectors of the non - oil sector, including the service sector, which led to the weakening of the structure of thesesectors exposed to the international competition, and weaken the productive capacity, as a result of directing most of the allocations of production factors towards the oil sector on the one hand, and on the other hand, the increase in the oil sector financing led to the increase of wealth generated by the sector, as a result of increased export of crude oil, which was reflected in a positive evolution in the GDP values, and this has led to a new balance of income and consumption higher than the previous, These new balances in turn created more pressure towards increasing imports of goods and services to meet the growing need for local goods and services, which led to increase the deficit in the balance of services.shipping, insurance and financial services represented more than 80% of the total balance of services deficit, which emphasizes that these sectors are the leading sectors of the deficit in the balance of services, as a result of its association with the commodity imports.It alsofound that thepercentage contribution oftechnology servicesimportsaccounts for onlya small percentage ofthe balance ofservicespaymentsfor the yearspost - 2005, but that thesesmallpercentagesof theseimportshave had a significantimpactin creatinga positivedevelopmentalevolutionat the level of macroeconomics of Iraq.Despiteattempts2010 - 2014development planto develop a strategyto correctthe imbalance in theservice sectorsdirectly related totheservices balancein a series ofvital projectsto compare betweenwhatthe reality ofthe eventandwhat isa target, but it met withthe institutionalforkeddistribution ofonthe state budgetleveldoes not matchwith thestrategyof national developmentplan.
