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توازن الحركيات الخلوية وعلاقة اليللات التطابق النسجي في كل من النوع الاول لمرضى السكري واشقائهم في دراسة مقارنة == Cytokine Balance (Th1/Th2) And Hla - Dr Association In Type I Diabetic Patients And Their Siblings In A Comparative Study A Thesis

Author name: محمد علي سلمان علیوي الكعبي
Supervisor name: كریم ثامر مشكور الكعبي | جعفر كاظم الموسوي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Microbiology - Immunology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Microbiology
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: It has been proposed that the balance of Th1 and Th2 cells is critical in the development of Type 1 diabetes and much of the genetic susceptibility to IDDM maps to the MHC class II region, thus one approach to investigate the immunopathogenesis of diabetes is to study first degree relatives of affected individuals.A case - control study was performed on 120 persons, they divided into three group which are diabetic, siblings and control (40 persons in each group), who attended to Al Zahraa Teaching Hospital /Diabetic Center in Al Kut between the period from April; 2012 till April; 2013. OGTT performed on both diabetic siblings and control, results have showed that the means of OGTT is highly Significant (P value = 0.000) in both siblings and control groups, whereas there were no Significant differences in the Means of differences of OGTT in both tested groups (Siblings and Control), P value = 0.288, although the mean of differences of OGTT is higher in siblings group (25.3250) than that in control group (22.0750). Cytokines levels (IFN - gamma, IL - 2, IL - 4 and IL - 10) were determined among the study groups (type 1 diabetes, siblings and control) by ELISA method, results showed that the means of IFN - gamma and IL - 2 levels were highly Significant (P value = 0.012, 0.037 respectively) in type 1 diabetic group , in comparison to their corresponds among both siblings and control groups, whereas the mean of IL - 4 levels was non - significant (P value = 0.738) among the study groups (type 1 diabetes, siblings and control), in spite it was higher in control group (0.81936) than that in both type 1 diabetic patients and their sibling (0.74387, 0.77593 respectively).While in case of IL - 10 results showed that the mean was highly significant among control group (P value = 0.030) in comparison to its corresponds among both type 1 diabetic patient and their siblings. Distribution of HLA - DRB1 loci among the study groups (type 1 diabetic patients, siblings and control group) were performed using MR.SPOT ROBOTING system, results showed that the frequencies of HLA - DRB1*3,*4 {25 (69.4%)} among diabetic group were Significant in differences (P value = 0.002), in comparison to the corresponding frequencies among control group {11 (30.6%)}, in comparison to the frequencies of other HLA - DRB1 loci in both diabetic group and control group { 15 (34.1%), 29 (65.9%)} respectively.Meanwhile results showed that there were no Significant differences (P value = 0.116), in the frequencies of HLA - DRB1*3,*4 {25 (58.1%)} among diabetic group in comparison to the frequencies of HLA - DRB1*3,*4 {18 (41.9%)} among siblings group, in compare to the frequencies of other HLA - DRB1 loci among diabetic group and sibling group {15 (40.5%), 22 (59.5%)} respectively, also results have showed that there were no Significant (P value = 0.104), in the frequencies of HLA - DRB1*3,*4 {18 (62.1%)} among sibling group in compare to the frequencies of HLA - DRB1*3,*4 {11 (37.9%)} among control group, in compare to the frequencies of other HLA - DRB1 loci among sibling group and control group {22 (43.1%), 29 (56.9%)} respectively. In another part of this study we estimate the relation between means of HbA1c and their corresponding HLADRB1 Loci among the study groups, result have showed that there was a significant relation (P value = 0.010) between the Means of HbA1c and their corresponding HLA - DRB1*03 Locus among the study groups. In conclusion the higher Mean of differences of OGTT among Siblings group might reflect the potential of them to develop diabetes, also T1D is Th1 mediated disorder, while Th2 cytokines profile might play a protective role against the development of T1D,in addition the genetic predisposition of diabetic Siblings for development of diabetes since, both diabetic group and sibling group showing the highest frequencies of HLA - DRB1 *3,*4, in compare to Control group and finally HbA1c might have an inheriting pattern. In conclusion diabetic siblings more prone for development of diabetes in future.

تقييم حالة الحديد، فيتامين ج والهرمونات في انخفاض الخصوبة لدى النساء == Assessment of Iron Status, Vitamin C And Hormones In Subfertile Women

Author name: ميسم محمد حسين الكعبي
Supervisor name: سامي رحيم الكاتب
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Physiology And Medical Physics
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: انخفاض الخصوبة مشكلة شائعة ولكن علاجها في بعض الاحيان غير كافي لعدم تشخيص الاسباب بالكامل. الحديد عنصر ناقل للاوكسجين ولذلك فهو محفز لحيوية كل الخلايا والانسجة في الجسم. نقص الحديد من اكثر مشاكل نقص الغذاء الشائعة في العالم. لذلك ربط الحديد مع الخصوبة يح | Subfertility is a common problem, but the treatment is sometimes inadequate because the causes are not fully diagnosed. Iron is essential for oxygen transport and therefore promotes health of all cells and tissues. Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in the world. Therefore, the connection between iron and fertility need more explanation. Some researchers have suggested that iron may be important for ovulation as the egg has an increased demand for iron while it matures and women who do not get sufficient amounts of iron may suffer anovulation and possibly poor egg health, which can inhibit pregnancy at a rate 60% higher than those with sufficient iron stores in their blood. However women planning to become pregnant should test for serum ferritin level and accordingly if low they can use iron supplements because they may help them to prevent iron deficiency and also improve fertility. Vitamin C is essential for the uptake and absorption of iron. The objective of this study was to assess the iron status, vitamin C and some hormone levels in subfertile women. The sample of study consists of 106 women subdivided into two groups : first consist of 76 subfertile women were taken from the outpatient to fertility center in the gynecological and obstetrical teaching hospital in Kerbala city and from multiple gynecology/obstetrics privet clinics. Second consist of 30 fertile women (control and comparative) who obtained from outpatients and some relatives. The subfertile women subdivided into two subgroups according to the cause of subfertility in presented study : first group : ovarian dysfunction (OD) either due to polycystic ovary syndrom (PCOS) or due to other cause (OC) like anovulation, hyperprolactenemia, premature ovarian failure. Second group : unexplained (idiopathic). Also the subfertile women subdivided into two subgroups according to the type of subfertility : primary and secondary. All of them were at reproductive age (16 - 45) years and there BMI ranged between (20 - 45 kg/m2). The study was achieved throughout a period which extends from July 2012 - October 2013. The protocol of study summarized as following : At day 3±1of menstrual cycle (menstrual phase), all women underwent the measurement of concentrations for multiple hormones in the blood like luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, estradiole, prolactine and Testosterone. In addition to iron status (serum iron, serum ferrtin and total iron binding capacity) and vitamin C also assessed. And at day 13 of menstrual cycle (near time of ovulation), all women underwent two investigations : first : the measurement of concentrations of luteinizing hormone, serum Leptin and antioxidants as vitamin C and glutathione. In addition to Iron status (serum iron, serum ferrtin and total iron binding capacity) and hemoglobin concentration also estimated. Second : estimation the size and the number of dominant follicles in both ovaries by ultrasonograghy. While at day 23±1 of menstrual cycle (secretary phase), all women underwent two investigations : first : estimation the concentration of serum progesterone to detect ovulation. Second : estimation the endometrial thickness by ultrasonograghy. The results of study shows : • A significant increase (P<0.05) in number of subfertile women with age group (16 - 25) years and there were highly significant decreases (P<0.001) in number of women with age 36 - 45 years for both primary and secondary subfertility. While no significant difference (p>0.05) in age group (26 - 35) years.• A significant increases (P<0.05) in body mass index for subfertile women due to polycystic ovary syndrome. Also a significant increase (P<0.05) in serum leptin for women with overweight and obese as compared with normal weight.• A significant increase (P<0.05) in serum ferritin level for polycystic ovary syndrome at day 13 of menstrual cycle. Also, a significant decreases (P<0.05) in number of polycystic ovary syndrome in those having serum ferritin lower than normal at day 13 of menstrual cycle.• A significant increase (P<0.05) in the number of subfertile women due to ovarian dysfunction other than polycystic ovary syndrome who having a lower serum level of vitamin C at day 3 of menstrual cycle. • A significant increase (P<0.05) in serum testosterone level in polycystic ovary syndrome group at day 3 of menstrual cycle. • A significant increase (P<0.05) in serum prolactine level in group of ovarian dysfunction due to other cause at day 3 of menstrual cycle. when serum ferritin level lower than or within normal value. • A significant decrease (P<0.05) in serum level of luteinizing hormone for group of ovarian dysfunction due to other cause at day 13 of menstrual cycle when serum ferritin less than normal but no significant differences (P>0.05) in serum luteinizing hormone when serum ferritin within normal value. • A significant decrease (P<0.05) in serum luteinizing hormone for group of ovarian dysfunction due to O.C when vitamin C within normal value at day 13 of menstrual cycle.• A highly significant decrease (p<0.001) in endometrial thickness for all subfertile group at day 23 of menstrual cycle.• No significant difference (P>0.05) in serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone, estradiole and glutathione as compared with other parameters in fertile and subfertile women.It was concluded that the decrease in serum ferritin and vitamin C levels in the blood may be associated directly or indirectly with subfertility caused by ovarian dysfunction.

تاثير التلميزارتان والاجسام المضادة لمستقبلات الانجيوتنسين نوع 1 في انقاص الارواء الدموي واعادته لعضلة القلب وموت الخلايا المبرمج في ذكور الفئران == Effects of Telmisartan And Angiotensin II Type1 Receptor Antibody In Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury And Apoptosis In Male Mice

Author name: سعاد تريجي زامل العكيلي
Supervisor name: نجاح رايش هادي الموسوي | فاضل غالي يوسف العمران
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Medicines and Toxins
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Medicine And Therapeutics
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: يمثل نقص ارواء عضلة القلب واعادة الارواء مشكلة ذات صلة سريريه مرتبطة بالجلطات والقسطرة وجراحة تغيير الشرايين التاجيه. الانجيوتنسين الثاني قد يساهم في الاصابة بسبب اعادة الارواء عن طريق زيادة الاكسدة والعوامل الالتهابية. الانجيوتنسين الثاني يمارس معظم ا | Background : Myocardial ischemia - reperfusion represents a clinically relevant problem following thrombolysis, angioplasty and coronary bypass surgery. Angiotensin II may contribute to reperfusion injury by increasing oxidative stress and inflammatory factors. Ang II exerts most of its effects via AT1Rs. Objective : This study was undertaken to investigate the potential role of Telmisartan and AT1 - AB in amelioration of myocardial I/R injury induced by ligation of coronary artery in mouse model. Materials & method : Adult male Swiss - albino mice were randomized into 6 equal groups. Group (1) sham group : Mice underwent the same anesthetic and surgical procedure as the active control group except ligation of LAD coronary artery.Group( 2) active control group : Mice were subjected to regional ischemia for 30 min by ligation of LAD coronary artery and reperfusion for 2 hours.Group( 3) control vehicle group (1) : Mice in this group injected with DMSO (vehicle for Telmisartan ) via IP route & underwent Myocardial ischemia for 30 minutes by ligation of (LAD) coronary artery & reperfusion for 2 hr. Group( 4) control vehicle group (2) : Mice injected with D.W ( vehicle for AT1 - AB) via IV route & underwent Myocardial ischemia for 30 minutes by ligation of (LAD) coronary artery & reperfusion fore 2 hr. Group (5)Telmisartan treated group : Mice pretreated with Telmisartan 0.5mg/kg i.p 30 minutes before ligation of LAD coronary artery. Group(6) AT 1 - AB treated group : Mice pretreated with AT 1 - AB (1Mcg/gm.) of body weight via IV route 30 minutes before ligation of LAD coronary artery. Results : Compared with the sham group, Levels of TNF - ? & IL - 1?, IL - 6,caspase 3 and plasma level of cardiac troponin I increased in control group (p<0.001).Levels of Bcl2 decreased in control group(p<0.001). Histologically ,All mice in control group showed a significant (p<0.001) cardiac injury. Both Telmisartan and AT1 receptor antibody significantly counteract the increase in myocardium level of TNF - ?, IL - 1B,IL - 6,caspase 3 ,plasma cTnI (P < 0.001). Furthermore, the Telmisartan and AT1 receptor antibody significantly increased in myocardium level of Bcl2. Histological analysis revealed that both Telmisartan and AT1 receptor antibody markedly reduced (P < 0.001) the severity of cardiac injury in the mice underwent LAD ligation procedure. Conclusion : The results of the present study reveal that Telmisartan and AT1 receptor antibody ameliorate myocardial I/R injury in Mice via interfering with inflammatory reactions & apoptosis which induced by I/R injury.

تغيرات الرسم الكهربائي للدماغ عند الحوامل في مرحلة ما قبل التشنج الحملي وعلاقتها ببعض المؤشرات الحيوية الالتهابية == Electroencephalographic Changes In Preeclamptic Females And Their Relation With Some Inflammatory Biomarkers

Author name: مهند يحيى ادريس المحنه
Supervisor name: احسان محمد عبود عجينة
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Physiology And Medical Physics
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: يسجل الرسم الكهربائي للدماغ الفعالية الكهربائية الذاتية المتولدة في قشرة الدماغ. اشارة الرسم الكهربائي للدماغ هي قياس للتيارات المتحركة في قشرة الدماغ. عندما تحفز خلايا الدماغ (العصيبات), يتم توليد التيار الارتباطي في التشجرات العصبية للخلايا. يولد هذا ال | Electroencephalography (EEG) records the spontaneous electrical activity generated in the cerebral cortex. When brain cells (neurons) are active, synaptic currents are produced within their dendrites and this current generates an electrical field over the scalp. The EEG waves measure this current that flow during synaptic excitations of pyramidal neurons' dendrites. Preeclampsia is a disease of pregnancy characterized by a blood pressure of 140/90 mmHg or more on two separate occasions after the 20th gestational week in a previously normotensive woman. This is accompanied by significant proteinuria (>300 mg in 24 hours) and is associated with endothelial cell damage. The markers of endothelial activation or inflammation have been blamed to play an active role in preeclampsia (Sibai et al., 2005). This study included 97 pregnant with a confirmed diagnosis of preeclampsia as a patient group with a gestational age ranging between 20 - 38 weeks. They are divided into three subgroups according to their gestational age (20 - 26 wk, 27 - 32 wk and 33 - 38 wk) and the mean of their age was 29.34±4.82, 30.14±5.33 and 32.54±6.22 years respectively. In addition, 72 women with normal pregnancy have been included as control group. These were also subdivided into three subgroups just like that of the patients and their age matches them too. Participants belong to both patient and control groups had underwent same procedure, examinations and tests like EEG and serological tests for Intracellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM I), interleukin - 6 (IL6) and C - reactive protein (CRP), in parallel. Results showed that there were statistically significant increased levels (P < 0.05) of ICAMI, IL - 6 and CRP values between patient and control groups and between the patient with mild and those with severe preeclampsia in all tested gestational age subgroups. This supports the hypothesis stating a role of cytokines and inflammatory biomarkers in the mechanism underlying preeclampsia. Moreover, and at all gestational age subgroups, the ICAMI, CRP and IL - 6 values were higher in patients with severe disease when compared with those having milkd disease. This strengthens more the relation of these biomarkers with the progression of preeclampsia. There were abnormal EEG changes in about 52 % of the patients with preeclampsia and these changes were reported in all gestational age subgroups and were in the form of spikes, polyspikes, slow sharp waves. This shows that preeclamptic females are prone to some excessive brain activities that may put them in danger of abnormal brain function. Furthermore, these EEG abnormalities were related to the severity of the preeclampsia as they were recorded in severe cases more and at all gestational age subgroups. Also there were statistically significant elevation regarding ICAMI (at the second and third gestational age subgroups), IL - 6 values (at the second gestational age subgroup) and CRP (at all gestational age subgroups) among patients with and without abnormal EEG changes. This suggests a strong relation between these inflammatory biomarkers with the occurrence of abnormal EEG changes in preeclamptic females. In conclusion, an inflammatory process is blamed to be the underlying mechanism of preeclampsia as proved by the elevated levels biomarkers in these patients. Both the abnormally elevated biomarkers and the abnormal EEG changes occur in preeclamptic patient in different gestational ages above 20 weeks and occur in different disease severity.

التشخيص المقارن المصلي والجزئي لداء المقوسات وبعض الاصابات الفيروسية لبعض النساء الحوامل اللوات يعانينن من الاجهاض في محافظة النجف الاشرف == Serological And Molecular Comparative Diagnosis of Toxoplasmosis And Certain Types of Viral Infections (Torch) In Aborted Women In Al - Najaf Province

Author name: ذكرى عبد الله محمود المياحي
Supervisor name: باقر عبيس سلطان | صباح نعمة محمد الفتلاوي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Microbiology
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة في محافظه النجف الاشرف / العراق، وتضمنت جمع عينات من دم النساء الحوامل اللواتي يعانين من الاجهاض اول مرة او متكررة وكان عدد الحالات 57 حالة. اعمارهن يتراوح بين 15سنة الى40 سنة واللواتي يراجعن مستشفى الزهراء التعليمي والمختبر المركزي وبع | Toxoplasmosis and viral infections such as Rubella , Cytomegalovirus and Herpes virus (TORCH) are feared risk during pregnancy. The rate of toxoplasmosis and of subclinical infected infants at birth with the risk of late manifestation is still unclear, whereas such data are fairly well - known for Rubella , Cytomegalovirus and Herpes virus. The respective major diagnostic issues in pregnancy, the laboratory diagnosis, and its rational use in combination with clinical information are presented , also the value of passive prophylaxis, therapy, and prenatal diagnosis as well as the possible management for diminishing the infection problems in pregnancy.Aims of study : The study was aimed to evaluate the ELISA result for Toxoplasma, rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Herpes virus (TORCH) IgM and IgG and compare the results of the ELISA with RT - PCR to arbitrate discordant results.Methodology : The present study was carried out on 57 pregnant women, all of them had with bad obstetric history (BOH) of abortion twice or more. Patients were between 15 - 40 years of age, and they were attending Al - Zahraa Maternity and pediatric Teaching Hospital, Al - Hakeem Hospital and some private clinics, in AL - Najaf province during the period from May 2012 till May 2013. Serological evaluation for TORCH infections was carried out by using IgM and IgG Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA ) method and molecular technique ( DNA; RNA - RT - PCR). Each blood sample was divided into two part , one part plane tube for separation of serum that were screened for the presence IgM and IgG antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii ,Cytomegalovirus Rubella virus and Herpes simplex virus by using (ELISA test ).The tests were performed according to manufactures instruction.The other part (blood )EDTA tube was used for DNA 0f detection Toxoplasma , CMV and Herpes simplex virus , while RNA extraction of Rubella virus.The blood and serum sample were stored in refrigerator (2 - 8C?) before the analysis.The extracted DNA and RNA were stored at - 20C? till used within 24 hours. All ELISA Results samples were compared with Real - Time PCR result. Statistical analysis : Statistical program SPSS version (20.0) was used to study the significant difference between tests in each type of antibody (IgM and IgG). (X2 - test) was used after detection of normal distribution to the data and appropriate P<0.001 consider significant. Results : Both IgM / IgG was Seropositive to T. Gondii , Rubella , CMV and HSV - 2 which were 49.12/80.70%, 21.05/49.12% , 45.61/70.18% and 1.21/36.20% respectively. Samples were seropositive to IgM and results were retested by RT - PCR method. Maximum number of IgM /IgG seropositive cases of aborted women was 19(32.75%)/57 that associated with Toxoplasma ,Rubella and CMV infection by RT - PCR ( 10(17.54%), 6( 10.53%) and 3(5.26%) respectively ). The ELISA TORCH IgM and IgG assays provided results comparable to RT - PCR indicated significant differences among Toxoplasma and viral infection. The ELISA TORCH infection IgM and IgG assays showed a lower specificity with for Toxoplasma IgM (p=0.001), poor for CMV IgM and moderate for Rubella virus IgM.Conclusion : The accurate diagnosis of TORCH infection should be done by molecular method.

تاثير التعويض الجزئي والكلي للاسنان على فحوصات كفاءة الرئتين عند مرضى السكري نوع - 2 == Effect of Partial And Complete Denture Treatment On Spirometric Tests In Type 2 Diabetic Patients

Author name: حسين مهدي حسين الخفاجي
Supervisor name: يسار محمد حسن الشماع
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Physiology And Medical Physics
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: في هذه الدراسة العرضية, تم اختيار 140 شخصا بصورة عشوائية, من بينهم 90 كان مصابا بالسكري والباقون كانوا سليمين ,لدراسة تاثير ارتداء طقم الاسنان الكلي والجزئي من قبل مرضى السكري على فحوصات كفاءة الرئتين وبالتحديد, , السعة الحيوية القسرية (FVC)و الحجم الزفير | In this cross sectional study, a total number of 140 subjects selected randomly, 90 of them were diabetic and the remaining were normal, to study the effect of complete and partial dentures wearing by diabetic patients on pulmonary function test particularly peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced expiratory volume ratio (FEV1/FVC) ratio (FEV1%), forced vital capacity (FVC), and also the retropharyngeal space (RPS), the level of Endothelial selectin (E - selectin) and the level of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule - 1(VCAM - 1)was also compared, in this study, between the diabetic and the normal subjects.The results indicate that the spirolab III was accurate and reproducible and can be used in all related studies.The effect of wearing of complete and partial dentures by diabetic patients on FVC, FEV1, PEFR and also the degree of alteration of the RPS were measured.1) The results of the study shows a significant increase in values of FEV1, FEV1%, PEFR and retropharyngeal space (RPS) (p<0.05), while there was no significant change in the value of FVC after the replacement of complete denture.2) No statistically significant differences in the values of FVC, FEV1, FEV1%, PEFR and retropharyngeal space (RPS) was observed after replacement of partial denture without free end extension3) There was a significant increase in values of FEV1, FEV1%, PEFR and retropharyngeal space (RPS) (p<0.05), never the less there was no significant change in the value of FVC after the replacement partial denture with unilateral free end extension.4) There was a significant increase in values of FEV1, FEV1%, PEFR and retropharyngeal space (RPS) (p<0.05), However there was no significant change in the value of FVC after the replacement partial denture with bilateral free end extension5) The results showed that in poor and good control diabetic patients there was a significant decrease in the values of FEV1, PEFR, FEV1%and RPS after the removal of all types of dentures(p<0.05), while no significant change in FVC.6) Statistical significant increase in Serum E - selectin and VCAM - 1 level was found in diabetic patients when compared to that of the normal subjects (p<0.05).7) No statistical significant difference between serum E - selectin and VCAM - 1 level in diabetic patients after and before denture placement (p>0.05). The cause of the significant change in the values of FEV1, FEV1%, PEFR and retropharyngeal space (RPS) in case of complete and partial denture with free end extension replacement may be due to pressing of the retropharyngeal space bilaterally and unilaterally by the complete and partial denture and the FVC was not significantly changed because it may not be affected by denture support, while the elevated Serum E - selectin and VCAM - 1 level might indicate endothelial activation and inflammation.In conclusion we can conclude that 1. The spirolabIII used in this study is an accurate and reproducible device and can be used in the assessment of lung function test.2. Values of FEV1, FEV1%, PEFR and retropharyngeal space (RPS) where significantly higher after the replacement of complete denture and partial denture with bilateral and unilateral free end extension in diabetic patients (p<0.05), while there was no significant change in the value of FVC.3. No statistically significant differences in the values of FVC, FEV1, FEV1%, PEFR and retropharyngeal space (RPS) was observed after partial denture without free end extension has been replaced in diabetic patients.6. In poor and good control diabetic patients there was no significant change in the value of FVC, while the values of FEV1, PEFR, FEV1%and RPS where significantly decrease after the removal of all types of dentures.8. Statistical significant increase in Serum E - selectin and VCAM - 1 level was found in diabetic patients when compared to that of the normal subjects.9. The results for serum level of E - selectin and VCAM - 1 shows no significant difference diabetic patients after the placement of all types of dentures (p>0.05).

تعقب الليشمانيا الجلدية بالاختبارات التحليلية الوبائية والطفيلية والجزيئية والكيمياحياتية == Tracking of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis By Epidemiological, Parasitological, Molecular And Biochemical Analysis

Author name: سندس نصیف الحجیمي
Supervisor name: باقر عبیس سلطان | محسن عبد الحسین الظالمي
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Microbiology
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The present study was performed to identify the species and strain of Leishmania parasite isolated from different endemic areas. It was carried out on cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in five Iraqi provinces as following : Al - Najaf province ( Al - Hakeem and Al - Sadder teaching hospitals), Babylon province ( Marjan hospital ), Al - Qadisya province (AL - Sadder Teaching hospital ), Karbala province (Al - Hussain General Hospital) and Kut province (Al - Zehraa Teaching and Al - Kerama Hospitals). It covered seven hospitals as a field of investigations from October 2010 to December 2012.Cellulose acetate electrophoresis has been performed in Walter Reed Institute of researches in USA. A total of 126 cases comprising 48(38%) females and 78(62%) males were studied. The highest infected age group was 21 - 30 years with a rate of 27.8% and the lowest rate was 11.9% at the age group of 10 and less years.Geographical distribution of CL among hospital patients indicated that rural areas were with highest rate (54%) while in urban areas were with(46%).The number of ulcers per one patient differs for each patient. The highest rate of multiple lesions was 73% in comparison with single lesion (27%).The type of infection showed that disease was in wet type (82.5%) more than in dry type (17.5%). Direct smears were made by lesion aspiration,skin scraping and discharged blood methods , by which 90 (71%) patients gave positive result under light microscope.Modified NNN medium and RPMI - 1640 with fetal bovine serum followed by sub - culture in drosophila Schniders media were performed for each case. Out of 126 cases,83(65%) gave positive growth. Further characterization of the causative parasite species and strain made by molecular and biochemical techniques.Out of 83 postive growth culture,only 52 specimens were studied by nested - PCR, using kinetoplast minicircle fraction amplification to detecte the species of parasite.It was found that 45(86.5%) cases in the generation of a 560 bp DNA and 7(13.4%)patients displayed a fragment of 750 bp, corresponding to L. major and L. tropica, respectively.This test revealed that L. tropica and L. major are the causative agents of infection with dominant shifting to the L. major.Cellulose acetate electrophoresis (CAE) was performed for 20 mass cultivated cultures. Isoenzyme profiles of these isolates were compared with reference strains of Leishmania spp. using cellulose acetate electrophoresis and 4 enzyme systems (glucose phosphateisomerase,leucil phosphate,manose phosphate isomerase and 6phosphogluconate dehydrogenase). The results showed that L.major(LV39) isolate were in 20 mass cultivated culture.Most of the CL patients in Najaf province(2011,2012) were from Haidariya in north district. High prevalence of disease was observed in Autumn and Winter.The highest number of cases was recorded during February and December.

مقارنة بين النوع الثاني من مرض السكري ومرض السكري المناعي الذاتي المتاخر الظهور للبالغين باستخدام مؤشرات الخلايا اللمفاوية وملف الحركيات الخلوية == Comparison Between Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus And Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults Using Lymphocytes Markers And Cytokines Profile

Author name: سوسن محمد جبار الحسناوي
Supervisor name: سلمان عزيز الجبوري
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Microbiology
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: This study was done to investigate whether Type 2 diabetes and Latent autoimmune diabetes of adult (LADA) patients have similar or different immunological profile.Therefore, measurement of serum levels of adhesion molecules (Serum intracellular cell adhesion molecule(sICAM - 1), Serum vascular cell adhesion molecule (sVCAM - 1) and Serum endothelial Selectin (sESelectin)), chemokines (CCL2, CCL3 and CCL4) and cytokines (IL - 6, IL - 1receptor antagonist and IFN - ?) in these patients was done. In addition to the influence of BMI, gender, age and diabetes duration on these systemic immune mediators were analyzed. Also, the relationships of the in vivo levelsof these mediators with micro - & macro - vascular complications in type 2 diabetes & LADA were studied.Three hundred individual were enrolled in this study and were divided into two subgroups : patients and control groups (280 patients& 20 control). From the 280 patients group who were clinically diagnosed as type 2 D.M., 34 patients were GADA positive and considered as LADA cases. Serum samples were taken from The 34 LADA cases, 36 cases of D.M.2 (selected randomly from the remaining 246 diabetic type 2 patients) & 20 healthy control subjects.The prevalence of LADA among D.M.2 patients was 12.1%. A significant difference in family history, BMI, FBS, HA1C & duration of D.M. was found in D.M.2 cases compared to LADA cases. The mean sVCAM - 1level of control group was significantly lower than D.M.2 and LADA group, P<0.05. The sE - Selectin level was higher in LADA group than control and D.M. type 2 group & significantly different when compared to control group (P<0.05). The sVCAM - 1 level had a significant positive correlation (R=0.25, P=0.017) with BMI in all groups. LADA group had significantly higher values of CCL2 while D.M. type 2 had the least values (P=0.002). The mean IL - 6 of D.M. type 2 group was (11.6±3.1), for LADA group it was (12.4±1.7) and for the controls it was 0.95 ± 0.14. There was a statically significant difference between D.M.2 vs. controls, and LADA vs. controls (P<0.05), regarding the mean IFN - ?, it was significantly higher in LADA group than D.M.2 group (87.5 ± 20.3) vs. (40.3 ± 4.5) respectively, (P=0.032).The mean IL - 1receptor antagonist was significantly higher in D.M. type 2 and LADA cases than controls (P<0.05). A significant positivecorrelation between IL - 6 and sICAM - 1, (R= 0.27, P= 0.013) & a highly significant positive correlation between IL - 6 and IL - 1RA, (R= 0.35, P=0.001) were found. IL - 6 & IL - 1RA serum levels in D.M. type 2 patientswere significantly associated with the complications where p - value?0.05. For conclusions, LADA is clinically underestimated among D.M. type 2 patients and increases with increasing age. Also, Levels of CCL2 and IFN - ? are associated with autoimmunity, Levels of adhesion molecules & chemokines are associated with complications of diabetes.

تاثير الايتانرسبت على السايتوكينات وموت الخلايا المبرمج جراء انقاص الارواء الدموي واعادته لعضلة القلب في ذكور الفاران == Effect of Etanercept Against Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury In Male Mice

Author name: سيف محمد حسن
Supervisor name: نجاح رايش هادي الموسوي | فاضل غالي يوسف العمران
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Medicines and Toxins
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Medicine And Therapeutics
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: يمثل نقص ارواءعضلة القلب واعادة الارواء مشكلة ذات صلة سريريه مرتبطة بالجلطات والقسطرة وجراحة تغيير الشرايين التاجيه. تشمل اصابة عضلة القلب بسبب نقص التروية الدمويه واعادتها ضعف مقلص القلب، عدم انتظام ضربات القلب وكذلك تلف الخلايا العضلية التي لا رجعة في | Background : Myocardial ischemia - reperfusion represents a clinically relevant problem associated with thrombolysis, angioplasty and coronary bypass surgery. Injury of myocardium due to ischemia - reperfusion includes cardiac contractile dysfunction, arrhythmias as well as irreversible myocytes damage. These changes are considered to be the consequence of imbalance between the formation of oxidants and the availability of endogenous antioxidants in the heart. Objective : This study was undertaken to investigate the potential role of etanercept in amelioration of myocardial I/R injury induced by ligation of coronary artery in a mice model.Material & method : adult male Albino mice were randomized into four equal groups.1. Group (1) : Sham group : mice underwent the same anesthetic and surgical procedure as the control group except ligation of LAD coronary artery.2. Group (2) : Control group : mice subjected to regional ischemia for 30 min by ligation of the LAD coronary artery and reperfusion for 2 hours.3. Group (3) : Control vehicle group : mice subjected to regional ischemia for 30 min by ligation of the LAD coronary artery and reperfusion for 2 hours and mice received vehicle of etanercept (normal saline) 5 minutes before reperfusion via I.P injection and.4. Group( 4) : Etanercept treated group : mice subjected to regional ischemia for 30 min by ligation of the LAD coronary artery and reperfusion for 2 hours and mice treated with etanercept 5mg/kg i.p 5 minutes before reperfusion XVIIIResults : Compared with the sham group, the levels of TNF - ? & IL - 1?, IL - 6, Caspase 3 and plasma level of cardiac troponin I increased in the control group but decreased level of Bcl - 2 (p<0.01).Histologically, all mice in the control group showed significant (p<0.01) cardiac injury and apoptosis.Etanercept significantly decreased in myocardium level of TNF - ?, IL - 1B, IL - 6,Caspase 3 , and plasma cTnI (P < 0.01), while significantly increased level of Bcl - 2 (P < 0.01). Histological analysis revealed that etanercept markedly reduced (P < 0.01) the severity of cardiac injury in the mice underwent LAD ligation procedure. : ionsConcluThe results of the present study reveal that etanercept may ameliorate myocardial I/R injury in mice via interfering with inflammatory reactions and apoptosis. : RecommendationAfter studying the results of the present study, the following recommendation to further1. Further measuring the P - selctine and E - selectine to show the effect of etanercept on rolling of eutrophils and platelets that cause further occlusion of blood vessels.2. Further measure the adiponectine (that have a cardioprotective effect ).

العلاقة بين اعتلال الجهاز العصبي اللاارادي الناتج عن السكري مع مستوى اللبتين وامراض القلب حسب فحص ايكو القلب وفحص اجهاد القلب == Relation of Diabetic Autonomic Neuropathy With Leptin And Cardiac Disease Assessed By Echo And Treadmill Test

Author name: زينب فلاح حسن
Supervisor name: احسان محمد عبود عجينة | علاء حسين عباس
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Medicine - Department Of Physiology And Medical Physics
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: الخلفية : الاعتلال العصبي اللاارادي القلبي له تاثير سلبي على الحياة ونوعيتها للاشخاص المصابين بالسكري. الاعتلال العصبي اللاارادي القلبي يعتبر نوع فرعي من الاعتلال العصبي السكري. هذا النوع من الاعتلال هو الاكثر بروزا لتهديده للحياة وبسبب توفر الفحص القلبي | Background : Cardiac autonomic neuropathy (CAN) has a negative effect on survival and quality of life in people with diabetes mellitus (DM) and is regarded as a subtype of the diabetic autonomic neuropathy. This type of neuropathy is the most prominent focusing because of its life threatening and the availability of the cardiovascular tests that can diagnose it. It has been thought that many factors in DM like leptin causing increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Researches about the relation of leptin with CAN and cardiovascular disease are yet limited.Aim of study : This study aims to determine the prevalence of CAN in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, evaluate the association between CAN the presence of left ventricular dysfunction in these patients, test the association between CAN and ischemic heart disease and assess the relationship between the presence and severity of CAN with fasting serum leptin in these patients.Patients, materials and methods : This cross sectional study included 103 (56 males and 47 females) diabetic patients without hypertension or pre - diagnosis of ischemia. They had attended to the diabetic center in Marjan Medical City in Hilla from March 2013 to February 2014. The patients had undergone thorough assessments that included clinical (history and full examination) and biochemical assessments (measurement of fasting plasma sugar, glycated haemoglobin, lipid profile, blood urea, serum creatinine and serum leptin level). Cardiac autonomic reflex tests were also assessed along with echocardiography and treadmill test. Cardiac autonomic reflex tests included the five tests of Ewing protocol. Patients who had two or more abnormal tests were considered as having CAN (75 patients) and those with less than two abnormal tests were considered as patients without CAN (28 patients). Results : The study found that most diabetic patients (84%) were obese (BMI?25 kg/m2) and most of the diabetic patients presented with CAN (72.8%). Fasting serum leptin level was higher in female than in male in both study groups (with and without CAN). Patients with CAN were older when compared to patients without CAN (p?0.01) and had longer duration of DM (p?0.01) with significantly higher fasting serum leptin levels. The leptin level showed a tendency to increase as the score of CAN increased. However, these changes were not significant (P>0.05). The most abnormal sympathetic response was diastolic blood pressure response to hand grip while the most abnormal parasympathetic response was heart rate response to breathing. On contrary, the lowest abnormal response was found in postural blood pressure test. Echocardiography showed that most of the diabetic patients (89.8%) had a left ventricular hypertrophy by measuring the left ventricular mass index. However, there were no significant changes in echocardiographic results between patients with CAN and those without.Conclusions : This study concludes that CAN is a common complication of type 2 diabetes that affected a large percentage of diabetic patients. The duration of the diabetes and the age of patients are important non modifiable risk factors for the development of CAN. Additionally, heart rate variability is considered as an important test for early detection of CAN. On the other hand, CAN has no impact on the occurrence of left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Leptin level was high in diabetic patients and even higher in those with CAN and its levels related positively with the severity of CAN. Also, there were high leptin levels in diabetic patients with positive treadmill test results, although these changes were not significant (P>0.05).

تاثير تمرينات تعليمية باستخدام اداوات مساعدة في تنمبة اهم القدرات البدنية والحركية وتعلم بعض المهارات الهجومية بكرة السلة للطالبات == Effect of Compound Teaching Supporting By Exercises Tools According To The Most Important Physical And Kinetic Abilities In Learning Some of The Basic Basketball Offensiv For Female Students A Thesis

Author name: زینب عبد السادة علي
Supervisor name: محمد ناجي شاكر | محمد ياسر مهدي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Basketball
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of Physical Education
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis includes five chapters Performing the basic skills has a great effect on basketball; it needs a high level of physical and kinetic abilities to achieve the optimum and effective performance of these skills. So the study importance is clarified; using aiding easy to made tools can assist the trainers and the players in learning these skills.The study problem lays in that the exercises of learning the basketball basic skills lacks to the aiding teaching tools, so the researcher attempts to use teaching Education & Scientific Research Offensive for Female StudentsA ThesisSubmitted By : Abdul - Sadah AliTo : - Education for Girls/University of KufaPhysical EducationSupervised by : - Ghnaim Asst. Prof. Dr. Moammed Yasir Mahdichapters; the first chapter represents the.and tools that can participate in developing the physical and kinetic abilities and the basic skills in basketball. The research aims to define the effect of the compound teaching exercises by using the aiding tools in learning some of the basketball basic skills. The researcher hypothesizes that the compound teaching exercises by using the aiding tools according to the physical and kinetic abilities have a positive effect on learning some of the basketball basic skills. The study scope is the human field of the first year students in Physical Education dept./ Faculty of education for girls/ University of Kufa.The second chapter carries the theoretical studies that relating subjects such as the compound exercises, the physical abilities, the kinetic abilities in basketball, thebasic skills of basketball and the previous studies. The third chapter deals with the experimental method. The study society is (21) of the first year students, three of them are separated for the research experiment.The group is divided into two groups (9) students for each; the experimental group uses the teaching tools and the control group uses the available tools.The researcher concludes a set of results that could be summarized asfollowing : - 1 - The aiding tools have an effective role in developing the physical and kinetic abilities and the skills for the experimental group.2 - The experimental group proves superior to the control group in the physical and kinetic abilities and the skills in basketball.According to these results, the researcher recommends the following : - 1 - To emphasize using the teaching tools aiding in developing the physical and kinetic abilities and the skills in basketball understudy.2 - The necessity of paying attention to the physical and kinetic abilities during the learning or teaching the players, recognizing the weak physical and kinetic abilitiesof the game and how to develop it.

تاثير بعض اساليب الاستشفاء في اهم المتغيرات البايوكيميائية وانجاز عدو 400م للمتقدمين == The Effect of Some Medical Treatment Methods On The Most Important Biochemical Variables And Achieving 400M Track For Advanced Runners

Author name: افتخار مطر باقر علي الموسوي
Supervisor name: محمد جاسم الخالدي | سلمان عكاب الجنابي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Jogging
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of Physical Education
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The problem of our sport fields lies in the demands of some of the coaches to increase the requirements of training which increase the burden on the runner accompanied with low medical treatment necessary for exposing the wastes and comprise the lost energy to be prepared for the next training session, as well as the fact that some of the other coaches do not know methods of medical treatment and which is better.This research aims at the following : 1 - revealing the effect of the treatment methods on the biochemical variables and achieving 400m running by the applicants. 2 - Revealing the optimum effect of the treatment methods on the biochemical variables and achieving 400m running by the applicants.The method of the research and its field procedures : The three groups experimental method is used which is suitable for the nature of the research. The research society reached 17 runner from the teams of Al - Najaf governorate for the advanced runners. A sample of 15 runner was chosen And the sample was divided into three groups, five runners for each group.The first group used Massage chair, the second used the Jacuzzi and the third used the laser. The results showed a statistical difference between the effect of the post - tests and the pre - tests on the biochemical variables and achieving 400m track. While in the comparisons of the post - tests, the significant difference was in favor of the first group in all of the variables except for the Glucose variable.The main conclusions were : 1 - The three medical treatments were effective on activating the blood cycle leading to an increase in the glucose ratio and the ratio of O2.2 - The medical treatment methods had an obvious effect on the speed of disposing the lactic acid and decreasing Co2.3 - The effect of the three treatment methods on the studied biochemical variables had an effect on improving the achievement of the runners.The Recommendations : 1 - The coaches have to program the healing sessions in their training methods and pay a great attention to it.2 - Using the healing session researched in the study within their treatments.3 - Conduct a similar study on a sample of Iraq's champions or the Arab ones in the 400m track to obtain data from samples of higher levels.4 - Conduct a similar study on other sports (200m) or (800m, etc

فاعلية تمرينات دورة الاطالة والتقصير في تنمية القدرة العضلية للذراعين والرجلين وعرض الانموذج بتقنيات الحاسوب لدقة اداء بعض انواع التصويب بكرة اليد == Effectiveness Exercises of Stretch And Shortening Cycle, In Development The Muscle Ability of The Arms & The Legs, And Presenting The Sample By Using Computer Techniques To Accuracy of Some Kinds of Targeting From The Handball

Author name: رؤى علي حسين
Supervisor name: عبد الجبار شنين الجنابي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Handball
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of Physical Education
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: تضمن الفصل الاول التعريف بالبحث واهميته في استخدام تمرينات دورة الاطالة والتقصير وعرض النموذج باستخدام تقنيات الحاسوب في تطوير القدرة العضلية للذراعين والرجلين ودقة التصويب من القفز بكرة اليد، اذ تعد لعبة كرة اليد واحدة من الالعاب الرياضية الجماعية المهم | First Section : Definition Research This approach identifies and its importance by using stretching and shortening exercises and presenting the sample by using the computer in developing the muscle ability of the arms & the legs, and accuracy of some kinds of targeting from a Jumping Position with the handball. The handball game is one of the sport games taught at our physical education colleges. It is considered one of the most popular worldwide sport, which has local and continental championships. The player of handball has many physical specifications including (strength and duration and flexibility and correspondence), and many skills including using one arm with the ball and the other without it, that is (targeting and dripping, passing and deluding and other skills). Therefore, the new training view has become taking care of everything that make it possible to achieve goals through using more specialized mean of training like exercises of the cycle of stretching and constricting which has a deep effect in developing the muscle ability because it has a great importance to the player of handball in using this ability continuously during performing skills of defense and attack representing in the muscle ability of the arms and the legs. The problem of the Research is represented in the abstaining and weakness of the female team of the university especially in performing some kinds of the targeting from a jumping position, both in its high and frontal poses. The reason of being unable to perform these kinds of targeting is failure of the ball's crossing of the defense line or reaching the goalkeeper in a weak impetus and thus makes it easy to catch or push it away. The Objective of the Research can be summarized as follows : - Getting acquainted with effectiveness of cycle of stretching and shortening in developing the muscle ability of the arms and legs of the girls' university team of handball. - Getting acquainted with effectiveness of presenting the sample by using the computer in developing accuracy of performing some kinds of targeting from a jumping position performed by the girls of the handball team of the university of Kufa. The Impose Research : - - There are differences having statistical connotation between the prior and the afterwards experimentation and to the favour of the afterwards experimentation regarding exercises of the cycle of stretching and shortening in developing the muscle ability of the arms and legs of the girls' Kufa university team of handball. Areas of the Research : - The human Area / the girls' Kufa university team of handball. - The duration Area / from 1 December, 2013 till 1 June, 2013. - The spatial Area / the stadium of the College of Education for Girls / University of Kufa.Second Section : The Theoretical Studies & the similar Studies This approach deals with the special theory regarding the research varieties where, the concept of exercises of the cycle of stretching and shortening and the subjects correlated, and the concept of the muscle ability and targeting skill of handball and its kinds of jumping, and the importance of computer techniques and its uses in learning and teaching, taken into account. The similar studies were also taken into account.Third Section : Methodology of the Study and its Field Processes : The empirical method was chosen in accordance with the nature of the problem. The sample was chosen on purpose from the team of handball of the University of Kufa, and it was divided into two groups each of (10) female players. They got equivalence and accordance before starting the training course through a prior experimentation as a means of collecting information; then an empirical method of the cycle of stretching and restriction was presented, and the sample was presented by the computer techniques for 8 weeks, and an afterwards experimentation was done to get the results which were treated statically through using (SPSS), and which enabled the researcher to recognize the differences concerning the research varieties between the two groups. Fourth Approach : presenting the results and analyzing and discussing them This approach includes the total presentation of all the results through diagram columns and tables and analyzing and discussing them scientifically through using the athletic training literature and learning to achieve the research goals and assumptions.Fifth Section : Conclusions and Recommendations The researcher has reached a number of important conclusions, some of thedm are : - The cycle of stretching and shortening has a positive effect in developing the muscle ability of the arms and legs in the empirical sample of the research. - The presenting of the type by using computer techniques has a positive effect in developing accuracy of targeting from a jumping position of the research empirical sample. - The time of the independent variant represented in the training doses was suitable in creating adaptations expressing the range of development in the muscle ability of the arms and legs and accuracy of targeting from a jumping position.Some of the important recommendations - Generalization of the course concerning exercises of shortening and stretching and presenting the type by using the computer techniques on the athletic teams of the handball team of the University of Kufa, and the sport clubs outside the university. - Using the training course of the cycle of stretching and shortening (as a physical part) and the computer techniques in presenting the type (as a feedback nutrition) of the other athletic games inside the university and the sport clubs outside the university. - Designing and shortening a number of experimentations to measure accuracy of targeting from jumping forwards with the ball in hand which will be more objective in measuring this skill in the girls

المحددات الهرمونية لانتقاء اللاعبين في بعض الالعاب الفرقية بعمر (14 - 16) سنة == Hormonal Determinants For Selection of Players In Some Team Games At (14 - 16) Years

Author name: نسرين حسن ناجي
Supervisor name: نزار حسين النفاخ
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of Physical Education
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: اشتملت الرسالـة على خمسـة فصول هـــي : الفصل الاول : التـعريف بالبحـث اما هرمون التستوستيرون هرمون ذكري مسؤول عن تكوين العضلات وله دور مهم بالنسبة لاعداد جسم الرياضي حيث اي زيادة في افراز منسوب هذا الهرمون تؤدي الى زيادة في حجم العضلة.اما اهداف البحث ه | 1 - Identifying hormonal determinants of club players altathamin basketball and Kufa club players hand ball of al - Najaf Province age (14 - 16 years).2 - Identify the standard grades and levels and hormonal determinants of physical and skill tests of club players altathamin basketball and Kufa club players hand ball of al - Najaf Province age (14 - 16 years). The research fields are : Human fields : group of players of Kufa clubs hand ball and altathamin clubs bask ball and hand ball School of the Ministry of Youth by (48) players 14 - 16 years old.Time fields : the period from 5/11/2013 - 10/4/2013Place fields - Labs Sadr medical in NajafSpecialist laboratory of Dr. Rahim Mohammed Jabbar. - Imam Ali (AS). stadiums in center of youth - - Indoors Kufa club.Chabter three : Field research Procedure This chapter includes The researcher used the survey method appropriate to the nature of the search. Formed society and the research sample of (48) players are the players club Al - tethamin basketball cluband Kufa club handball and players of the school handball in najaf , sample experience major hit (27) players are the players club al tathamin and The of players Kufa club, either sample experiment reconnaissance amounted to (13) players (3) players from the club Al - tethamin basketball and (10) players from the school handball , either eight players remaining were excluded because of age exceeded 16 years and Less 14 years, has been used sprains coefficient to know the homogeneity of the sample in the variables length , weight, age ,pulse, blood pressure and temperature, and the coefficient has confined between (+1 - - 1) This shows the homogeneity of the sample in these variables and The researcher followed some of the measures which determine the hormones for the study and it was designed questionnaire includes a range of hormones and presented to experts and specialists in this area was given the degree of each hormone according to its relative importance Reached the acceptable degree of 53% of hormons and all the hormones contained in the registration form has of hormones achieved the highest percentages of accepted except class hormone androstenedione achieved the ratio stood at 37% so it was ruled out. In addition to this questionnaire is designed to contain a range of physical and skill tests were presented to the experts and specialists for the purpose of nominating appropriate tests for the study and researcher adopted the agreement ratios experts and specialists and testing, which achieved the highest agreement rate of 60% has been adopted in the study in Saturday On 02/09/2013 exploratory experiment was conducted for physical and skill tests on a sample of (13) as a player and statistical data has been processed and extracted transactions scientific tests and all the tests have been enjoying high scientific transactions. On 14.02.2013 as of ten o'clock am the main experiment was conducted where the main research sample gathered Kufa Sports Club , the medical team conducted a preliminary tests on a sample search (pulse, pressure, temperature) so as to ensure the safety of members of the team then sample Medical taking blood samples by 5 CC, in the hospital's mobile to the Directorate of Health, then headed the research sample (players club al - tethamin basketball) to the Indoors and to conduct physical tests and then technique has lasted tests on about three hours, including medical examinations where it ended All tests at one Oclok pm Then sent blood samples after saved in folders especially to laboratories Health Directorate Najaf (Sadr City Medical) and some laboratories civil to the lack of Ketat own analysis of some hormones such as hormone (adrenaline) and then two weeks after the receipt of the results of the analysis and has put the results in special forms statistical analysis was processed statistically in the bag (SPSS) as well as to make sure the results as manual Part five : Conclusions and recommendationThis chapter included a number of conclusions and recommendations of the most important : Conclusions 1) The researcher concluded that options players coaches were randomized where I found there are differences between the results of the analysis of hormones when the sample and between the world's natural proportions were represented up attributed secretion from the normal limit for the TSH hormone, growth hormone and hormone T4.2) the researcher concluded that options players coaches were randomized where I found there are differences between the results of the analysis of hormones when the sample and the world's natural proportions The decrease was attributed secretion from the normal limit for T3 hormone, cortisol and testosterone. 3) Featured hormone adrenaline rate among members of the sample is equal to the natural rate, and the reason is that the tests under normal conditions (test conditions), the hormone needed to psychological intensity (effect of sport competitions) 4) to achieve different ratios in the level (above average, average, below average) for physical and hormonal tests and skill approaching or exceeding somehow destined in a normal distribution curve.Recommendations : 1) hormonal determinants of interest and promise of the foundation determinants in the selection of players of different ages and all kinds of sports 2) Encourage coaches urged their players conduct periodic checks on the hormones in the blood as a sign to see their cases physical, psychological When choosing sports in all kinds of sports 3) conduct other research to demonstrate the relationship between hormones and various other sports 4) The adoption of the standard grades and levels achieved by the research sample for the purpose of their calendar hormonally and both physically and skills

التنبؤ بمستوى الاستثارة الانفعالية بدلالة بعض المؤشرات الوظيفية ومستوى بعض الهرمونات لدى لاعبي كرة السلة الشباب == Predict The Emotional Arousal Level In Terms of Some Functional Indicators And Hormones Level For The Young Basketball Players

Author name: علياء حميد عبد العباس
Supervisor name: حيدر ناجي حبش الشاوي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of Physical Education
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: قامت دراستي على خمس فصول وقد اشتمل الفصل الاول على مقدمة تطرقت فيها الى اهمية البحث اذ ان التعرف على مستوى الاستثارة الانفعالية للاعب من الامور المهمة للمدرب كي تساعده في عملية تشخيص الحالة بشكل دقيق دون الاعتماد على استمارات القياس التي غالبا ما تكون بعي | This study includes five chapters. The first chapter deals with the study importance; recognizing the emotional arousal level of the player is one of the important matters for the coach that it could help him to define the player case exactly, without depending on measurement forms that mostly far from the real case, then treating it correctly. Moreover the coach could predict the player emotional arousal level depending on his physiologic and harmonic status.The study problem is represented by that measuring the psychological status of the player is of the important matters that the coach should be acquainted with, the usual method of measurement depends on measurement forms that do not reflect the real status of the player who might be so shy to answer all the questions correctly. The functional indicators reflects the real status of the player, so the researcher attempts to depend on the functional and harmonic indicators to measure the emotional arousal accompanying sport competition and predicate its level by these variables. One of the aims of this study is to predict the player emotional arousal level in terms of some functional indictors and the level of some hormones for the basketball players. The study hypotheses are : - there is a relation between the emotional arousal and some functional indictors and some hormones concentration for the young basketball players.In the second chapter the researcher reviews the theoretical studies in this field exhibiting the related subjects such as predication, emotion and emotional theories, arousal and arousal theories, the functional indictors, hormones and the basic principles for basketball. The study methodology and field procedures are studied in the third chapter. The researcher adopts the descriptive method , the survey method and the correlative studies. The study samples are the young players of the Middle Euphrates and the South clubs who participated in the excellent series season ( 2012 - 2013), they were 20 players of these clubs. The sample is divides into : - exploration sample, rationing sample and the main application sample. This chapter define the main steps of this research such as : rationing the emotional arousal measurement, defining the functional indicators, as well as the hormones, used in the research, describing the functional measurements, the main experience and the statistical methods. The fourth chapter includes demonstrating, analyzing and discussing the results, while the fifth chapter includes the conclusions and recommendations that are set forth by the researcher. The main conclusions could be summarized as following : - * Deducing a finite predicative formula by which the emotional arousal could be predicated in terms of some functional and hormone indicators.* Adopting the research by the basketball coaches the recognize the psychological and physiological effects on the players.

اثر المنهج التعليمي وفقا لاهم المتغيرات الكينماتيكية للنموذج في تعلم بعض المهارات الاساس في التنس للطلاب == The Effect of The Educational Method According To The Most Important Kinematic of The Modal In Learning Some of The Basic Skills In Students Tennis

Author name: نور يوسف مرهون
Supervisor name: قاسم محمد حسن الخاقاني
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Physical Education
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of Physical Education
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: لقد احتوت الرسالة على خمسة ابواب : - الباب الاول التعريف بالبحث : - اشتملت على المقدمة واهمية البحث , حيث تطرقت الباحثة الى تطور المستوى والانجاز الرياضي الحاصل نتيجة لجعل الهدف الاساسي لعملية التعليم والتدريب هو الوصول الى اعلى المستويات التي تكون ذات | The thesis included five chapters, the first one is dedicated for discussing the development on the level of performance resulting from making the basic aim of the learning and training process is reaching to the top levels which has a real value by depending on the basis and bio - mechanical rules affecting the moves. As well as revealing the problems that could be solved through the dynamic analysis of the skill. The problem of the research lies in the importance of linking the educational method with its exercises which are chosen according to the bio - mechanical basis and rules and providing a model for the students and feedback on the basic learning according to the model and the Kinematic variables that aids the students in reaching to an elevated athletic level.The aims of the research included : 1 - setting an educational method according to some of the Kinematic variables of the model in learning the Tennis skills.2 - revealing the effect of the educational method, according to the Kinematic variables, on some of the land Tennis skills.3 - revealing the values of some Kinematic variables of the studied skills of the study sample.The hypotheses of the research included : 1 - the educational method exercises affect some of the Kinematic variables values.2 - the Kinematic variables affects learning the skills of Tennis.In the second chapter, the research tackled many subjects of similar theoretical studies which included the bio - mechanic concept and its components and the importance of the Athletic aspect. It also discussed the dynamic analysis concept and its importance to the Athletics.The third chapter included the methodology of the research and the field procedures. The researcher used the experimental method by the two controlled groups method. The sample included 30 student and it was divided into two equivalent groups, the control and experimental groups. The control group adopted the traditional method teaching, while the experimental group followed the educational method by one unit in each week. The fourth chapter included the results, analyzing them and discussing the Kinematic variable. Through those results, the researcher reached the goal of the study and the hypotheses were verified.In the fifth chapter, the conclusions were mentioned. They were : 1 - the educational method exercises positively affected some of the kinematic variables as well as learning the skills of front low throwing.2 - watching the student of the skill model before giving the educational unit will reveal the mistakes in the moves and the reason why they happened.Most of the distance results of the experimental sample revealed an obvious improvement by approaching the values of the model's variables which is an indication of the improved level of both skills

اثار النزاعات المسلحة على معاهدات حقوق الانسان : دراسة في اعمال لجنة القانون الدولي

Author name: محمد عدنان علي زبر
Supervisor name: عباس عبود عباس الخزرجي
General topic: Law
Specific topic: International Humanitarian Law
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Law - Department Of Public Law
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

المسؤولية الجزائية لعضو مجلس النواب : دراسة تطبيقية في ظل دستور العراق لسنة 2005م == The Parliament Member Pe.... Responsibilit

Author name: اسد عبد الله شناوة الحمداني
Supervisor name: علي حمزة عسل الخفاجي
General topic: Law
Specific topic: Constitutional Law
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Law And Political Science - Department Of Public Law
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Of the rulesg eneral,k nown on the legall evel. : : '' rt the penal law undertakesth e responsibilityo f defining the a' : is that are considereda s crimes and fit punishment for each crime, thi : ' I, called the principle of crime and punishmentl egality

الحدود الفاصلة بين القصد الاحتمالي والخطا غير العمدي : دراسة تحليلية مقارنة == The Difference Between Probable Intent & Non - Intentional Error An Analytical Contrastive Study

Author name: هدى عباس محمد رضا الشماع
Supervisor name: علي حمزة عسل الخفاجي
General topic: Law
Specific topic: Civil Law
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Law And Political Science - Department Of Private Law
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: There are two images for the immaterial element of the crime, either intentionally crime or intentional error, and either intentionally crime or intentional has contiguous borders has made thisjuxtaposition to distinguish between them something difficult,

المسؤولية الجنائية للقنوات الفضائية : دراسة تاصيلية تطبيقية مقارنة == Satellites Channels Penal Responsibility A Comparative Applied Rooting Study

Author name: ليلى حمزة راضي حمادي شبر
Supervisor name: علي حمزة عسل الخفاجي
General topic: Law
Specific topic: Criminal Law
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Law - Department Of Public Law
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Satellites` channels are considered of the most important modern media and the most effective one that exceeded the international limits or the national sovereignty, so the world events are heard and seen ate the moment of their occurrence shorting time a

اثر بناء الجملة في توجيه المعنى في سورة مريم == The Affect of Sentence's Syntax In Guiding The Meaning In Surat Maryam

Author name: علي نور ادريس المحنا
Supervisor name: سيروان عبد الزهرة هاشم عبوة الجنابي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Koran text can be regarded one of the most elegant text that descended from the heaven.The best text of the heaven at all since, it's the only text has descended with wording, meaning and without distortion or fabrication.The Koran text is still firm un

بنية الكلام بين المتحاورين في النص القراني : دراسة تفسيرية == Speech Structure Among The Conversers About The Qur’anic Text : Interpretational Study

Author name: وجدان مهدي حسين الخالدي
Supervisor name: صباح عباس عنوز
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Interpretation
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Jurisprudence
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The structure is a regarded as a way that connects between the human self and the recipient as being a container of the intents which the speaker seeks. There is a relation between the structure and the attitude of the speaker and listener or reader. The Holy Qur’an has concentrated on this phenomena related to the reader or listener, because the Holy Qur’an is a guiding and preaching book with humanitarian functions for all of the humans in every time and place. Its concentration is on the recipient, therefore, the contextual structure in the Qura;nic text fulfilled its role in achieving those functions. The studier of this text, especially the conversational one, find it very deep, difficult and rich with visions, therefore, I went through this subject depending on Al - Mighty Allah, and convinced and eager to write in this field. This study has endowed me with a lot of knowledge; therefore, it came as follows : 1 - The preface : it included a definition and a historical view of the concept of speech, conversation and structure, it came under the title : Structure, Speech and Conversation - Critical approach”.2 - First chapter : in it, the structure of speech between the conversers is tackled on the structural and semantic levels, and its effect on interpretation. The structure of the word on this level becomes valuable and its expressive ability within the structural context through the text which includes the relations of building the sentence and connecting its rules.3 - The second chapter is entitled “The Structure of the Conversation in the Qur’anic text and its Interpretive Effect on Conversation Patterns”, the Qur’an is accurate in the terms used to express its aims and intents in various contexts in conversations and styles taking into consideration the situation and the occasion. And when reading them carefully, we can sense the nature of the conversation, whether it was external (direct or indirect) or internal.4 - The third chapter is dedicated to reveal the effect of the structure of the conversation on the interpretational methods represented by the method of the Qur’an - Qur’an interpretation, Qur’an - Prophetic tradition interpretation and Qur’an - Rhetoric interpretation.After going through the subject, the following results have been reached : 1 - There is a difference between the speech and the conversation; the speech is greater than the conversation, for the speech is full of different styles which could be unrelated to the conversation, but the conversation is part of the speech. 2 - The structure of the conversation in the Holy Qur’an is not subject to time or place, but in fact it is a comprehensive conversation that is related to every time and place for the recipient and it holds interpretational functions and other functions as well.3 - The structure of the conversation in the Holy Qur’an with all its various types is preceded by a preface which becomes an opening for the mechanisms of conversation, which is something not familiar in the human conversations. Therefore, this matter constituted a miraculous point in the Qur’anic conversation, where the structure of the conversation in the Holy Qur’an became an extension of the structure of the preface which is reflected in the interpretational coherence of the subject.4 - The research discovered a miraculous point that has never been noticed by others, whenever the rhetoric performance in the structure of the conversation in the Holy Qur’an varied, the coherence increased. On another hand, this coherence will serve the interpretation of the text
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الاصول الدينية للتعايش الانساني في الاديان السماوية : دراسة الكتب المقدسة في ضوء القران الكريم

Author name: عبد الرزاق رحيم صلال الموحي
Supervisor name: عبد الامير كاظم زاهد
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Religion Basics
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Jurisprudence
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
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منهج الاستدلال القراني عند اهل البيت (عليهم السلام) : دراسة تفسيرية

Author name: صادق عبد الله راشد الحسن
Supervisor name: صباح عباس عنوز
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Islamic Sciences
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Jurisprudence
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
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ايات عتاب الانبياء (عليهم السلام) في القران الكريم : دراسة تحليلية

Author name: زين العابدين عبد علي طاهر الكعبي
Supervisor name: ستار جبر حمود الاعرجي
General topic: Islamic Sciences
Specific topic: Fiqh
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Jurisprudence
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
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