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تحضير بعض قواعد شف الثنائية المتماثلة وغير المتماثلة الجديدة ومعقداتها مع الاوكسوفناديوم ودراسة فعاليتها التحفيزية في تفاعل اكسدة البنزوين == Preparation some of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Schiff bases and their oxovanadium complexes and a study of their catalytic activity of Benzoin oxidation reaction

Author name: سماح عباس جهاد
Supervisor name: قحطان عبد عسكر | بشرى كامل جدوع
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: حضرت في هذه الدراسة مجموعة من قواعد شف الثنائية المتماثلة وغير المتماثلة المشتقة من تكاثف اورثوفانلين وبارافانلين وسلسلدهايد وباراكلوروبنزالديهايد وميتانايتروبنزالديهايد مع 2،1 - فنلين ثنائي الامين على التوالي وكذلك قاعدة شف احادية من تكاثف اورثوفانلين مع 2،1 - فنلين ثنائي الامين.شخصت هذه المركبات بتقنيات طيف الكتلة والرنين النووي المغناطيسي ومطيافية تحت الحمراء .اظهرت جميع اطياف IR للمركبات المحضرة حزمه قويه تعزى الى التذبذب الاتساعي لمجموعة - C=N - مما يؤكد تكون قواعد شف. كذلك اظهرت جميع اطياف HNMR1 اشارة بروتون مجموعة الازوميثين ( - HC=N - ) .اظهرت اطياف الكتلة لجميع المركبات ذروة الايون الجزيئ بوفرة نسبية عالية تتفق مع الوزن الجزيئي لكل مركب مما يؤكد صحة التركيب المتوقع.حضرت ثلاثة معقدات للاوكسوفناديوم مع قواعد شف H , A1 , A5 جميع المعقدات المحضرة مستقرة غير متميعة وشخصت باستعمال IR وتحليل العناصر الدقيق وقيسـت التوصيليـة المـولارية لها في مذيب الداي مثيل فورمايد وبتركيز (10 - 3 M ) وكذلك قيس الثبات الحراري لها عن طريق التحاليل الحراريه. ان التوصيلية المولارية الواطئة لمحاليل المعقدات توضح الطبيعة غير الالكتروليتية للمعقدات وخلوها من الشقوق السالبة .وتبين اطياف تحت الحمراء للمعقدات المحضرة مواقع الارتباط اذ ازيحت حزمة C=N الى اعداد موجبة اقل مقارنة مع الليكاند الاصل مما يؤكــد مشاركتها في تكويـــن اواصر تناسقيــة. وظهـــور حزمـــة عريضة عنــد 3500 cm - 1 يؤكد وجود ماء متناسق. ومن دراسة السلوك الحراري للمعقدات لم تظهر المعقدات اي فقدان في الوزن في درجة حرارة الغرفة الى درجه 120 مئوية مما يؤكد خلوها من جزيئات الماء المرتبطة على شكل ماء تبلور . كما اكدت التحاليل عند درجة حرارة 200 0C على فقدان جزيئة ماء متناسقة في المعقدين A1VO, A5VO. وقد اكدت نتائج تحليل العناصر الدقيقة صحة التراكيب المقترحة للمعقدات : درست فعالية المعقدات كعوامل مساعدة لاكسدة البنزوين الى بنزل بواسطه H2O2 في درجات حرارية مختلفة ومذيبات مختلفة وكذلك تاثير الزمن. | Smmetrical Unsmmetric shiff bases have been synthesized from the condensation of o - Vanillin , p - Vanillin , Salcildehyde , p - chlorobenzaldehyde and m - Natrobenzaldehyde with 1,2 - phenylendiamine . All the compounds were characterize on the basis of IR , Mass , HNMR and elemental analysis .The in frared spectra of all compounds shows a strong bond confirmed the formation of imine . The HNMR spectra shows a signal attributed to a zomethine protons at expected region of imine protone The mass spectra of all compounds shows a molculir ion which a ggrement with molecular wight of the suggested structure.The complexes were characterized on the basis of their elemental analysis , IR , Tg/DTg analysis and molar condactance. The low value of molar conductance revelad that the complexes are non electrolyte in nature. The IR spectra of the complexes confirmed the site of chelation hence the complexes showed strong bands due to - C=N - which shifted to lower wave number compared with corresponding Schiff base , also the broad bands at 3500 cm - 1 confirmed the precence of coordinated water.The thermal behavior of the complexes was investigated by means of Tg/DTg measurments under N2 atmosfere up to 600 0C , no loss of weight up to 120 0C which indicated that the totally absence of lattical water molecule in all complexes, complex A1OV and A5OV shows a mass loss around 200 0C which equivalent to loss of one coordinated water molecule. Basid on IR , elemental analysis, molar conductance and thermal analysis a sequar pyramid was proposed for all complexes. The complexes were used as hetrogenous catalyst in the oxidation of benzoin to benzil by H2O2 as an oxidant agent. The reaction was moniterd spectrophotometricaly in the UV region. The effect of temperature , solvents and time was investigated. The catalytic activity was found to follow the order A5VO > HVO > A1VO

تحضير وتقييم ودراسة الاطلاق المسيطر عليه للكيتوبروفين المحمل على بوليمرات ذات خاصية لاصقة للمواد المخاطية == Preparation, evaluation and study controlled release ketoprofen from mucoadhesive polymers

Author name: سرور وليد عبد الرضا الكناني
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Pure Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: We have used ketoprofen which is found in the local pharmacy and ketoprofen was separated and purified and then measured the melting point and (λ max) were determined for the purpose of ascertainig the purity of the material used.The microspheres were prepared with Sodium alginate by using Sodium alginate with Chitosan and without Chitosan and by using Calcium chloride a cross - linking agent, the microspheres and drug were characterized by IR and photomicrographs microscopy.In vitrostudy of drug release and kinetics of drug release were studied in simulated Gastric fiuid (SGF) and simulated Intensinal fluid (SIF). The results exhibit that the pH value effected on releaseing rate of drug from microspheres, also the samples gave ahigh release rate in pH=(8.2)(SIF) comparison with low values of pH=(1.2) (SGF) .Study The effect of different process parameters such as drug /polymer ratio and sodium alginate /chitosan ratio,on the morphology, size distribution and drug release. The microspheres diameters were found between (400 - 900) μm The rate of ketoprofen released was increased with the increasing of concentration of drug in the microspheresThe release of drug deareasing with increase of polymers. The coefficient of determination indicated that the release data was best fitted with zero order kinetics , Higuchi equation explains the diffusion controlled release mechainism.In this study Nine polymer hydrogel compound were prepared (GI - G9). semi Interpenetra ting polymeric hydrogel (IPNS). From synthuetic polymers Poly electrolyte with poly acrylamide The swelling146146characteristics were studied for all microspheres and semi - IPN hydrogels by determining the swelling ratio (Q)in three differnt pH, it was found that it . depending on components quantities and enoironments.We Niosomes loaded with ketoprofen were prepard and studied rate release drug in (pH=7.4) was studied with decreasing . The results showed that the releasing is increase of Cholesterol, Niosomes was succeeded in cover kp . also prepared gel of Niosomes and Carbopol934 by different concentration of Niosomes and Carbopol934 , The results showed that by ahigh release of drug deincreasing the concentration of Carbopol934 .In biological part , the results show that biological activities of the microspheres loaded with kp exceed biological activities against three types of fungal isolates including Candida albicans, and staphylocoecas aureus in comparison with activity of kp alone.The study consist on the toxicity of these materials which is shown that these materials are nontoxic.

دراسة الصفات الفيزيائية والكيميائية وتقدير الفينولات في المحطات (Hg,Cd,Pb) وبعض العناصر الثقيلة المختارة لمياه شط العرب == Study of physiochemical Properties Determination of phenols and Some Heavy Metals (Hg , Cd , Pb ) in the Selected Station of Shatt Al - Arab water

Author name: سارة كاظم حسین السیامر
Supervisor name: ناظم عبد النبي عواد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Pure Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The present study was concluded measurement of physical and chemical properties such as pH value, temperature, electrical conductivity, total hardness total solubility of salt, calcium and magnesium hardness, chloride concentration basal, concentration of dissolved oxygen, phosphates, nitrates, concentration of sodium and potassium in addition to, estimation of heavy metal and phenols to sample taken from shatt al - Arab of Qurna to Fao for period From December (2014) to June (2015). The study showed that the water temperature range between (18co - 20.4co) .The pH value were (7.8 - 8.9). Electrical conductivity range between (1118 - 27700ppm) the total hardness. Of studies water sample were (480 - 2600 ppm) Qurna E20. The concentration of lead were (1.8ppm) as the highest value plant (SH4) which located in FAo (marina boats) in plant (SH2) which located in AL Maakal. The study reveated That The highest value 0f mercury were in plant (SH4) which were (18nglmL)in plant which located in water project near The basra airport (F3) and (F5) plant located near Basra international airport The Salty were range (752 - 20000 ppm) in addition, Calcium and Magnesium concentration were (96 - 468ppm) and (43 - 846 ppm) respectively, chloride concentration (122 - 965ppm) while The basal were (l05 - 200 ppm), dissolve oxygen were (8.13 - 17.5 0). phosphates and nitrate were range between (0.10 - 0.62ppm) and (2.24 - 15.53ppm) respectively sodium and potassium concentration to studies sample were (120 - 8800ppm) ( 3.1 - l50ppm) revealed That highest value of cadmium element were in Abu - alkaseeb plant in Al - sankar (SH2B) were (0.099607ppm) while the lowest value were (0.0125819ppm) which were in plant before confluence of Tigris and Euphrates rivers about450m in sediment sample, The highest value of sodium and lead were(0.17Mg.g) and (2.1Mg.g) respectively in SH2B plant while lowest value of cadmium and lead were (0.11Mg.g) and (0.95Mg.g) respectively in F5plant lead element has highest value(2.5Mg.g) in plant SH2B while lowest value were (1.2Mg.g)in plant SH1which located in Al - Hartha before karma Ali river. This study showed that the concentration of phenols were range between (20 - 590ng\l) also, this study showed that Shatt - Al - Arab which consider as main source to water drinking in province of Basra , is currently asking for direct sewage and heavy water without treatment .

تحضير وتشخيص المعقدات الضمنية لبعض ادوية السلفا == Preparation and Characterization of Inclusion Complexes of Some Sulfa drugs

Author name: رؤى قاسم ابراهيم
Supervisor name: جبار صالح هادي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Pure Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: حضرت في هذه الدراسة ثلاثة معقدات ضمنية لثلاثة من ادوية السلفا هي السلفابروكسلين والسلفابريدين والسلفاميثوكسي بريدايزين مع β - سايكلودكسترين بنسبة مولية 1 : 1 وبطريقتين هما طريقة التجفيف بالتجميد Freeze drying وطريقة العجن Kneading . شخصت المعقدات المحضرة باستعمال تقنيات IR و1HNMR وXRD وDSC وTg وSEM .وقد اظهرت نتائج IR و1HNMR طبيعة التداخل بين جزيئة الضيف والمضيف وبينت بان الحلقة الاوروماتية لادوية السلفا توجد داخل فجوة - CD β الكاره للماء . سلفابروكسلين β - سايكلودكسترين معقد السلفابروكسلين - β سايكلودكسترين واظهرت دراسة XRD لمساحيق الادوية النقية ، وبمقارنتها مع المعقد الناتج ان الصفة البلورية لمعظم المعقدات تقل عند تكوين المعقد مقارنة مع السلفا النقية ، وحسبت احجام البلورات Crystal باستعمال معادلة Scherrer ووجد انها بحدود nanocrystalline. كذلك بينت دراسة DSC وTg ان الاستقرار الحراري للسلفابروكسلين يزداد عند تكوين المعقد وبينت نتائج DSC اثبات تكوين المعقد . وكذلك بينت صور SEM للمعقدات الناتجة ان معقد السلفابروكسلين ذات اشكال ورقية ، ومعقد السلفابريدين ذات اشكال قرصية ، اما معقد السلفاميثوكسي بريدايزين فانة يظهر باشكال صفائحية ذات حافات حادة .كذلك درس تاثير تكوين المعقدات على ذوبانية الطور Phase Solubility في المحاليل المائية وتصنف الادوية الثلاث بانها قليلة الذوبان جدا في الماء بحالتها النقية . واستعملت طريقة Higuchi وConnors في تكوين المعقد على الذوبان باستعمال تقنية uv وبينت النتائج ان الذوبانية تزداد لجميع ادوية السلفا المدروسة مع زيادة تركيز CDβ وتتبع للنوع AL للسلفاميثوكسي بريدايزين وAN للسلفابريدين والسلفابروكسلين وحسب ثابت استقرار المعقدات من العلاقة Kc=slope/(S_o (1 - slope)) ووجد انها للسلفابروكسلينM - 1 455.160 وللسلفابريدينM - 1 483.149 وللسلفاميثوكسي بريدايزينM - 1 164.01 والذوبانية تزداد بمقدار 3 - 4 مرات

دراسة الاطلاق المسيطر عليه لعقار الاندوميثاسين من مركبات الاباتيت المحضرة المحتوية على عنصري الكالسيوم والسترونتيوم == Studying Of The Controlled Relaesinng of Indomethacin Drug From Prepared Apatite Compounds Containing Elemantal Calcium And Strontium

Author name: رؤى حسين ناصر
Supervisor name: عبد الامير حسين تعوبي | زكي ناصر كاظم
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Pure Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This work contains two parts, the first parts includes the preparation of different compounds of apatite and determine the ratios of strontium and calcium and phosphate in the compounds and the second part included the study of release of indomethacin drug from prepared compounds.Different compounds of apatite were prepared and identified such as a compound of calcium hydroxyapatite (Ca10 (PO4)6 (OH)2) which is prepared in three different methods .Hydroxyapatite Strontium compound (Sr10(PO4)6 (OH)2) and Strontium Fluorapatite compound (Sr10(PO4)6F2 ) and composite calcium Fluorapatite compound ( Ca10 (PO4) 6F2) and Strontium - Calcium hydroxyapatite compound ( Ca5Sr5(PO4)6(OH)2 ).All these compounds were identified by Infrared spectroscopy and X - rays, which confirmed the presence of the prepared compounds.Quantitative analysis of the percentage of calcium and strontium in the prepared compounds was conducted using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy. Also the amount of phosphate and then phosphorus was determined by UV - Vis. spectroscopy ( Phosphomolybedenum blue method.) The results showed that the concentrations of the elements mentioned above in the prepared compounds are within the acceptable range for its role in a property biological effectiveness for compounds.The other part has been singled out for studying the release of a indomethacin drug in a laboratory in the prepared compounds and which is used as an anti - inflammatory and analgesic for pain osteoporosis.Porosity tablets of the compounds loading with drug indomethacin for 24 hours and then studied the release of drug from tablets for 48 hours using visible spectroscopy UV function when acidic pH = 7.4 and a temperature of 37 ⁰ m. As the results showed that the release of indomethacin taking a different time for different times of the compounds that arrived at the level at which the release settled between (4 - 8) hours.

تحضير وتشخيص بعض المعقدات التناسقية لصبغات الازو المشتقة من الباراسيتامول ومركبات السلفا ودراسة فعاليتها ضد البكتريا == Synthesis And Characterization Of Some Metal Complexes For Azo Dyes Derived From Paracetamole And Sulpha Compound And Study Of Their Antibacterial Activity

Author name: رواء هشام يعقوب
Supervisor name: طارق علي فهد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Pure Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: In this study, four ligands were synthesized from prepared by the coupling of 4 - acetamidophenol with some sulfa drugs (sulfadiazine Ld , sulfaguinidine, Lg ,sulfamethazine Lm and sulfapyredine Lp) with parasetamol .These ligands were characterized by elemental analysis, FT - IR. , UV - visible ,1H - NMR , 13C - NMR and mass spectroscopy. The chemical structure of these ligands are suggested as following : Lp={N - (4 - hydroxy - 3 - ((4 - (N - pyridin - 4 - ylsulfamoyl)phenyl)diazenyl)phenyl)acetamide} Ld=N - (4 - hydroxy - 3 - ((4 - (N - pyrimidin - 2 - )ylsulfamoyl)phenyl)diazenyl)phenyl)acetamide) Lg=N - (3 - ((4 - (N - carbamimidoylsulfamoyl)phenyl)diazenyl) - 4 - hydroxyphenyl)acetamideLm={N - (3 - ((4 - (N - (4,6 - dimethylpyrimidin - 2 - yl)sulfamoyl)phenyl)diazenyl) - 4 - hydroxyphenyl)acetamide} The ionization constant of the ligands were determined potentiometrically using the Irving - Rossotti technique at constant temperature 25 °C. The values of the average number of protons associated with the ligands nA at different pH values were calculated. The proton - ligand formation curves are obtained by plotting nA versus pH at constant temperature.Twelve complexes were prepared from above ligands with cobalt, nickel, and copper salts, with molar ratio 1 : 1 (M : L) . These complexes were identified by elemental analysis, FT - IR. spectra, Uv - visible spectra,atomic absorption,molar conductance and megnetice,susceptibility The results were lndicated that the found valaes of C,H,N for prepared complexes were clossed to their theoretical volues . IR Spectra showed that stretching vibration of azo group in the complexes were shifted in comparison with ligands inaddition to appearance of M - N and M - O stretching,UV - visible and magnetic studies gave in idea about geometry and coordination number of these complexes through location of electronic transition and number of unpaired electron in outer energy levels.Atomic absorption measurements explained that the reaction of the ligand with the metal complexes was 1 : 1 molar ratio ,also the perecentage of the metals in the prepared complexes was in good agreement with the theortical values.The molar conductance values of the coordination compounds of mentioned metal ions under investigation were determined using (1.0×10 - 3 mol. L - 1) DMF solvent, The molar conductance and magnetic values suggest the presence of a non - electrolyte.The magnetic moments of Ni(II), Cu(II), and Co(II), complexes were measured at room temperature .Based on the different characterization methods described above, the chemical structures of the prepared complexes were suggested as following.

دراسة الفولتامتري الحلقي والتخليق الكهروكيميائي والتوصيل الكهربائي لبعض مركبات التلوريوم العضوية == CYCLIC VOLTAMMETRY, ELECTROCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS AND CONDUCTEMETRIC STUDIES OF SOME ORGANOTELLURIUM COMPOUNDS

Author name: ديار محمد علي مراد
Supervisor name: علي زايد الربيعي | انيس عبد الوهاب النجار
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Pure Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت هذه الدراسة على جزئين ، فالجزء الاول يتعلق بدراسة السلوك الكهروكيميائي لمركبات ثنائي فنيل ثنائي التلوريد وبس(2 - امينو - 5 - مثيل فنيل ) ثنائي التلوريد وبس(2 - امينو - 5 - بروموفنيل )ثنائي التلوريد باستعمال تقنية المسح الجهدي الحلقي في مذيب رباعي هيدروفيوران وفي درجة حرارة الغرفة .بينت النتائج المستحصلة ان تلك المركبات تعاني انتقالا الكترونيا مفردا خلال عمليتين متعاقبتين اثناء عملية الاختزال .و استعملت تلك التقنية لتحديد مناطق الجهد المناسبة تمهيدا لاجراء التخليق الكهروكيميائي للتلوريدات العضوية غير المتجانسة : اثيل فنيل تلوريد ((1 ، بروبيل فنيل تلوريد ((2 ، بيوتيل فنيل تلوريد ((3، اثيل ( - 2 امينو - 5 - مثيل فنيل) تلوريد (4) ، بروبيل( - 2 امينو - 5 - مثيل فنيل) تلوريد (5) ، بيوتيل ( - 2 امينو - 5 - مثيل فنيل) تلوريد (6)، اثيل( - 2 امينو - 5 - برومو فنيل) تلوريد ((7، بروبيل ( - 2 امينو - 5 - برومو فنيل) تلوريد (8)، بيوتيل ( - 2 امينو - 5 - برومو فنيل) تلوريد (9). شخصت هذه التلوريدات العضوية غير المتجانسة بواسطة تحليل العناصر الدقيق واطياف تحت الحمراء . اما الجزء الثاني فقد تضمن قياس التوصيلية الكهربائية للمركبات : فنيل التلوريوم ثلاثي اليوديد و4 - ميثوكسي فنيل التلوريوم ثلاثي اليوديد و4 - كلوروفنيل التلوريوم ثلاثي اليوديد وفنيل التلوريوم ثلاثي البروميد وفنيل التلوريوم ثلاثي الكلوريد في مذيبي DMSO وDMFالنقيين وعند درجة حرارة 25 مo . اجريت التحاليل المتعلقة بنتائج التوصيلية الكهربائية بطريقة تقنية التقليل للحد الادنى باستعمال اربع معادلات نظرية للتوصيلية وهي معادلات Fuoss - Hsia (فوس - سايا) و) Pitts بتس) الموسعة والمحورة . اوضحت النتائج التحليلية لتلك المركبات بانها لا تتصرف كالكتروليتات قوية في كلا المذيبين وان تفككها ليس بالتفكك التام ، كما لوحظ وجود تفاوت في قيم التوصيلية الكهربائية وفقا˝ لطبيعة المجموعة المعوضة كونها دافعة او ساحبة وكانت حسب الترتيب الاتي : ومن ناحية اخرى قورنت قيم توصيلية المركب فنيل التلوريوم ثلاثي اليوديد مع المركبين فنيل التلوريوم ثلاثي البروميد وفنيل التلوريوم ثلاثي الكلوريد اذ كانت قيم التوصيلية الكهربائية وفق نمط الترتيب الاتي | The present study divided into two sections, firstly , the electrochemical behavior of diphenyl ditelluride ,bis(2 - amino - 5 - methyl phenyl)ditelluride and bis(2 - amino - 5 - bromo phenyl)ditellurid have been investigated by cyclic voltammatry in THF at room temperature. The results showed that all these compounds suffer of two single successive electron transfer through the reduction process. This technique was used to determine the best voltage regions in order to carry out the electrochemical synthesis of unsymmetrical organic telluride, i.e : ethyl phenyl telluride (1), propyl phenyl telluride (2), butyl phenyl telluride (3), ethyl (2 - amino - 5 - methyl phenyl)telluride (4), propyl(2 - amino - 5 - methylphenyl)telluride(5), butyl (2 - amino - 5 - methylphenyl) (6),ethyl(2 - amino - 5 bromophenyl)telluride(7), propyl(2 - amino - 5 - bromo phenyl) telluride(8) and butyl(2 - amino - 5 - bromophenyl) telluride(9). All mentioned compounds were characterized by CHN and IRspectroscopy. secondly, the electrical conductances of phenyl tellurium triiodide , 4 - methoxy phenyltellurium triiodide , 4 - chloro phenyltellurium triiodide , phenyltellurium tribromide and phenyltellurium trichloride have been measured in both DMSO and DMF solvents at temperature 25oC .The evaluation of conductance data was carried out by minimization technique using the theoretical conductance equations of the complete and modified forms of Pitts and Fuoss - Hsia . Analytical results showed that these compounds do not behave as strong electrolytes in both solvents , and that their dissociation are far from complete . The low conductances of these electrolytes may be attributed to the formation of ion - pairs. The presence of donating or withdrawing groups on benzen ring affect the electrical conductivity and the following trend was obtained : Finally ,the sequence of increasing the conductaces of the three studied phenyltellurium trihalides is given below :

تحضير ودراسة بايلوجية لبعض مركبات البايرزول == Preparation and biological study of some pyrazole compounds

Author name: خنساء صقر سعود
Supervisor name: نزار لطيف شهاب الدين
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Pure Sciences
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The present study includes the preparation of some pyrazolines derivatives includes their characterization and their biological activity.Chapter one the introduction shows the literature survey and related important reactions for pyrazolines .While chapter two shows the details of the preparation for each types in details 36 pyrazoline product were prepared from 6 types of (cha/cones) Benzalacetophenones and six different hydrazine ( hydrazinehydrate , phenylhydrazine, semicarbazide, thiosemicarbazide 2,4 - dinitrophenylhydrazine and phenylthiosemocarbazide ).Chapter three shows all the results which proved the chemical structures of some selected compounds by using I.R, 1H - NMR, 13C - NMR, CHN, and mass. Spectroscopy we found abnormal case in pyrazoline derivatives especially in the ring once have - CH2 like in (P1and P10) and compounds (P8 and P13) does not have the methylene protons this exception was happened due to modification in procedure. Finally the biological activity for some selected compounds were used and compared with standard drugs and its shows moderately to good activity.

دراسة تحليلية وحرارية وحساب الثوابت الثرموداينميكية والفعالية البايولوجية لمعقدات قواعد شف جديدة لعناصرCo,Ni,Cu == Analytical study ,Thermodynamic and Biological Calculation for new Schiff base Complexes of ( Co,Ni,Cu )

Author name: حسين ناصر حمادي
Supervisor name: هناء حميد حداد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Synthesis of Schiff base during the condensation of salicylaldehyde with substituted aniline in ethanolic acid medium using glacial acidic acid are reported . Metal complexes of ( Cu , Ni , Co ) as hydrated acetate salts ,the dehydration of salts was carried out by drying the hydrate salts in oven for several hours at 100 - 110 C . Several spectral techniques such as UV - Visible , FTIR and CHN analysis were used to identify the chemical structures of the reported ligands and there complexes . Mole ratio and continuous variation showed that the (M : L) ( 1 : 2 ) ratio for all metal - complex . The antibacterial was investigated against two pathogenic bacteria namely  Aeromomas hydrophila ( - ) , Staphylococcus aureus (+) the result showed that both ligands and complexes are biologically active .Thermo gravimetric analysis ( TG ) for all complexes were also evaluated their thermal degradation studies using TG analytical methods , thermodynamic parameters ( ΔS , ΔH , ΔG ) were evaluated from TG curve using Vant Hoff method

تحضير وتشخيص بعض قواعد شف المتماثلة الجديدة ومعقداتها ودراسة بعض بوليمراتها دراسة تحليلية وحرارية == Synthesis , Characterization of some new Homologous Schiff base and its Complexes with Analytical and Thermal Study of some their Polymers

Author name: حسنين رعد عبد الكريم
Supervisor name: زكي ناصر السكيني | علي عبد الرزاق العطبي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: A novel bidentate schiff bases were prepared from the condensation of 1,4 - bis - (aminomethyl)cyclohexan with 2,4 - dihydroxy acetophenon and 2,4 - dihydroxy benzaldehyde.Metal complexes of Co (III) , Cu (II) and Ni (II) with Schiff base A , B and C were prepared.A , B and C Schiff bases and their metal complexes were characterized via UV - Visible, FTIR and NMR. The metal complexes are expected to be octahedral in geometry based on physicochemical and spectroscopic analyses. New resins PoA and PoB were prepared by mixing Schiff base A and C with MDI respectively , thermogravimetric analysis of resins proved a good thermal stability.The study of loading capacity of resins towards transition metals showed that the PoA and PoB had high selectivity toward lead and zinc respectively.

تحضير وتشخيص بعض معقدات الثايوسيانات الجسرية الحاوية على قواعد شف ودراسة فعاليتها البايولوجية == Preparation and Characterization of Some Bridged Thiocyanate Complexes Containing Schiff Base And Study of Their Biological Activity

Author name: بشير جواد كاظم
Supervisor name: مؤيد يوسف كاظم العبادي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: In this study five ligands were prepared from condensation two amines (4 - methyl benzene - 1,2 - diamine and ortho phenylen diamine ) with two aldehydes( 4 - isopropyl benzaldehyde and 4 - diethyl amino benzaldehyde.These ligands were identified by elemental analysis, FT - IR , UV - visible, 1HNMR , 13CNMR and mass spectroscopy. The proposed chemical structure of these ligands are suggested as following : Binuclear tetrathiocyanates complexes [MM'(SCN)4 ; M=Co,Ni,Cd : M'=Cd,Hg] were first prepared by the reaction of metal nitrates with potassium thiocyanate and then solutions from two formed metal thiocyanates were mixed in 1 : 1 molar ratio.Fifteen bridged thiocyanate complexes were prepared from the reaction of Schiff base ligands with binuclear tetrathiocyanate complexes in 1 : 1 molar ratio . These complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, FT - IR , UV - visible ,mass spectroscopy ,atomic absorption ,thermogravimetric analysis, molar conductance and magnetic susceptibilities. The results were indicated that the found percentage of C ,H and N for the prepared complexes were closed to their theoretical values . Also IR spectra showed that stretching vibration of azomethine group in the complexes was shifted in comparison with ligands in addition to appearance of bands belong to bridged and terminal thiocyanates indicating the bonding of ligands with metals. Mass spectroscopy also proved the structure of complexes by displaying peaks of molecular ion and some basic fragments. UV - Visible and magnetic studies gave an idea about geometry and coordination number of these complexes through location of electronic transition and number of unpaired electrons in outer energy levels .Atomic absorption measurements explained that the reaction of th e ligand with the metal complexes was 1 : 1 molar ratio , also the percentage of the metals in the prepared complexes was in good agreement with the theoretical values . It was found that the molar conductance values of the complexes were low indicating that all prepared complexes have non electrolytic properties . Farthermore , some prepared complexes had a good thermal stability depending on some thermal parameters calculated bythermogravimetric carves .In addition , the biological activity of the prepared ligands and theircomplexes were studied by using two types of bacteria (S.aureus , E.coli)and fungi (A.niger , A.ftavus) . It was found that all compounds havesignificant antimicrobial activity . Cytotoxicity of these compounds wasevaluated . These compounds have not toxicity on the red blood cells in comparison with standard compounds such as sodium cyanide .The proposed chemical structures of the prepared complexes were suggested as following : AC1 AC2

تحضير وتشخيص وقياس الفعالية الحيوية لبعض معقدات البلاتين الثنائي مع كلايكوسيد الاميغدالين المعزولة من بذور ثمار المشمش (prunus armenivcal)

Author name: حلا صبري نجم عبد الله
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The abstract of the present work for the synthesis of the new heterocyclic phenolic 1,3,4 - oxadiazole and their chelating polymers is outlined below : Part One : Organic Synthesis.1) Conversion of hydroxy benzoic acid derivatives to their corresponding esters (4 - 9) using standard procedure (Fiesher esterfication). 2) Reaction of hydroxyl benzoate derivatives (4 - 9) with hydrazine hydrate afforded the corresponding acid hydrazides (13 - 15). 3) The reaction of acid hydrazide derivatives (13 - 15) with carbon disulfide in the presence of alcoholic (KOH) yielded their corresponding 5 - (substituted) - phenyl - 2 - mercapto - 1,3,4 - oxadiazoles (19 - 21). 4) 2 - (methyl/butyl thio) - 5 - (substituted) - phenyl - 1,3,4 - oxadiazoles (24 - 27) were synthesized by alkylation reaction in basic media of oxadiazoles with methyl iodide and n - butyl bromide respectively. 5) The acid hydrazides (13 - 15) were treated with carbon disulfide and alcoholic (KOH) to form their corresponding polar salts, namely potassium - 3 - aroyl dithio carbazinate derivatives (16 - 18). 6) The dehydration cyclization reaction of the above polar salts (16 - 18) using hydrazine hydrate afforded the corresponding 5 - (substituted) - phenyl - 4 - amino - 2 - mercapto - 1,2,4 - triazoles (22, 23). 7) Eight new chelating polymers (28 - 35) have been synthesized by the condensation of phenolic oxadiazoles (19 - 20) and phenol or disubstituted hydroxyl phenol (hydroquinone, resorcinol, and catechol) with formaldehyde in (1 : 1) molar ratio in the presence of (KOH) as a catalyst. The structures of the prepared organic and polymeric compounds that have been synthesized were established by physical (melting points, color), elemental analysis (C.H.N, S), FT - IR, H1 - NMR, C13 - NMR and the results obtained are compatible with assigned structures. Part Two : Analytical Study. The chelation ability of these eight polymers were studied for Ag+, Al3+, Ca2+, Cd2+, Co2+, Cr2+, Cu2+, Hg2+, Mg2+, Ni2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ ions using batch equilibrium method using flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (F.A.A.S). The different factors affecting loading capacities for the studied ions such as type of polymers, pH and treatment time were studied and the results obtained from figures (4 - 1) to (4 - 104) listed in chapter five shows that the loading capacity in (mg ion / g resin) increased with : 1) Increasing the pH value of the studied ion solution.2) Increasing the treatment time. Thermal stability of the eight synthesized polymers (28 - 35) were studied by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), they showed good thermal stability, these results are discussed in relation with the presence of 1,3,4 - oxadiazole ring in the side group of the prepared networks

تحضير وتشخيص بعض المواد المنشطة للسطوح التوامية ودراسة تطبيقاتها كمواد مشتتة وكاسرة للاستحلاب لمعالجة المستحلبات النفطية == Synthesis and Characterization some of the Gemini Surfactants and study its applications as dispersants and De - Emulsifier to Treatment for Oil Emulsions

Author name: احمد مجيد زيدان
Supervisor name: مهند جواد كاظم الاسدي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: In this investigation, six Nonionic Gemini surfactants were prepared A1, A2, A3, A4, B1, B2 from Epichlorohydrin. Then these compounds were identified by FT - IR, Mass spectrometry, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. It was found that Nonionic Gemini surfactants with hydroxyl groups which consist of two conventional surfactants joined by different spacers, as shown in the following table.The prepared surfactants were evaluated by determination CMC and HLB values.Five de - emulsifiers were prepared (dA1,dA2,dA3,dA4, dB1) in different concentrations (10, 30, 40, 50) ppm for each compound. After that the prepared de - emulsifiers were compared with the efficiency of the commercial demulsifier (RP6000) with two types of wet crude oil (15 % H2O) that have different asphaltene content were used for the treatment which were sampled from south oil company fields (Zubair, West Qurna). Therefore the separation efficiency in all types of crude oil was found in the following order : dA2 > dA3 > dB1 > dA4 < dA1The present study also included using of A1and B1 as dispersion through dissolution of the prepared surfactants by polar solvent (Ethylene glycol), which decreases the viscosity and increases the surface area to spread of dispersive

تحضير ودراسة الفعالية الحيوية لمعقدات الامينية ثنائية السن مع ايونات ا لبلاتين (III) والروديوم (II) والبلاديوم == Synthesis , Characterization and Biological Activity Study of Some New Compound Containing Amine and Azomethine Group and Their Complexation Reaction with Platinum(II) , Palladium (II) and Rhodium(III)

Author name: احمد ليث عبد الحليم
Supervisor name: عادل علي عبد الحسن | بشرى كامل جدوع
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This study included the preparation and the diagnosis and study the biological activity of some new organic compounds containing amine and azomethine groups and complexes ions with platinum(II) and palladium (II) and rhodium (III) ions.This thesis is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter, a general introduction for platinum metals group and of their complexes including : amine and Schiff base ligands have been literately reviewed. The concerned complexes have related to drugs potentially are anticancer active, therefore, this chapter summarized the important roles between the structure and activity for potentially active anticancer drugs which containing platinum metal complexes .The second chapter of this thesis shows the preparative methods of two types of ligands. The first type ligands concerned preparation method of two newly bidentate amine ligands namely : N - (3 - phenylpropyl)ethane - 1,2 - diamine (1) and N,N' - bis(3 - phenylpropyl) ethane - 1,2 - diamine (2) by reaction of ethylene diamine with 3 - phenypropyl bromide in 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 mole ratio, respectively. The second type ligands concerned preparative methods of six newly Schiff base ligands by reacting of o - phenylenediamine with 2 - furyldehyde, ferrocenecarboxaldehyde and acetylferrocene in the mole ratio 1 : 1 and 1 : 2respectively namely : N - 2 - furylidinebenzene - 1,2 - diamine (3)N,N' - bis(furylidine)benzene - 1,2 - diamine(4)N - ferrocenidenebenzene - 1,2 - diamine (5)N,N' - bis(ferrocenidene)benzene - 1,2 - diamine (6) N - 1 - ferrocenylethylidenebenzene - 1,2 - diamin (7) N,N' - bis(1 - ferrocenylethylidene)benzene - 1,2 - diamine (8) o , this chapter describes the synthesis of a new twenty four complexes ofPt(II), Pd(II) and Rh(III) ions with ligands (1 - 8) . The third chapter includes the results and discussion. All the prepared compounds 1 - 32 were characterized by elemental analysis CHN, Conductivity measurements , 1H - NMR ,FT - IR and UV - Visible spectroscopic techniques. All the prepared compounds 1 - 32 are in good agreement with the suggested structure. These data confirmed that the prepared ligands 1 - 8 coordinate with Pt(II),Pd(II) and Rh(III) ions by nitrogen atoms of amino and azomethine groups as a bidentate ligands. The molar conductivity study indicate that platinum(II) and palladium (II) complexes are neutral and behave as non - electrolytes in DMSO solvent at room temperature while rhodium (III) complexes behaves as 1 : 1 electrolytes in the same conditions.Antibacterial activity of all the prepared compounds 1 - 32 beside their interaction with human DNA are shown in the fourth chapter of this thesis. The antibacterial activity of compounds 1 - 32 against two types of bacterial : the first negative towards Gram stain (i.e. Escherichia coli) and against positive towards Gram stain (i.e. Staphylococcus aureus) were tested. These data proved that only compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 20, 29 and 32 have antibacterial activity for growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus whereas only 1, 2, 4, 21 and 29 have antibacterial activity for Escherichia coli. On the other hand, DNA interaction study of complexes 9 - 32 with human DNA showed that all these complexes are binding with DNA which is enhances the probability of usingthese complexes as drug alternatives.

تحضير وتشخيص ودراسة الفعالية البايولوجية لبعض مشتقات الثايزولدين == Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity Study of Some Thiazolidine Derivativ

Author name: احمد عبد الهادي مجيد الكيمي
Supervisor name: داود سالم عبد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: الثايزولدين - 4 - حامض الكاربوكسيلي هو عبارة عن حامض اميني كبريتي حلقي, مشابه في تركيبه الى الحامض الاميني البرولين, وينتج من تكاثف السيستاين مع الفورمالديهايد . تمتلك مشتقات الثايزولدين والاستايل ثايزولدين فعالية بايولوجية , وتستخدم في التطبيقات السريرية . تضمنت الدراسة تحضير وتشخيص مركبات جديدة للثايزولدين - 4 - كاربوكسيلك امايد, وتقييم فعاليتها البايولوجية , اذ تم تحضير المركب (T) من تفاعل الترفثالهايد مع السيستاين, ومن ثم مفاعلة مع انهدريد الخليك لتحضير المركب (AT) والذي يمثل تفاعل حماية لمجموعة الامين, بعدها تمت مفاعلة ((AT مع بعض الامينات الاروماتية للحصول على مركبات الثايزولدين - 4 - كاربوكسيلك امايد والجدول ادناه يوضح الصيغ التركيبية للمركبات المحضرة .التسلسل المختصر التركيب الكيميائي الاسم العلمي 1 T 2,2 - ( - 4,1فينلين) ثنائي ثايزولدين - 4 - حامض كاربوكسيلي2 AT 2,2 - ( - 4,1فينلين) بس(3 - اسيتايل) ثايزولدين - 4 - حامض كاربوكسيلي)3 ATA1 2,2 - ( - 4,1فينلين) بس(3 - اسيتايل - N - (4 - كلوروفينيل) ثايزولدين - 4 - كاربوكسيل امايد)4 ATA2 2,2 - ( - 4,1فينلين) بس(3 - اسيتايل - N - p - تلويل ثايزولدين - 4 - كاربوكسيل امايد)5 ATA3 2,2 - ( - 4,1فينلين) بس(3 - اسيتايل - N - (6 - ايثوكسي بينزو[d] ثايزول - 2 - يل) ثايزولدين - 4 - كاربوكسيل امايد)6 ATA4 2,2 - ( - 4,1فينلين) بس(3 - اسيتايل - N - m - تلويل ثايزولدين - 4 - كاربوكسيل امايد)7 ATA5 2,2 - ( - 4,1فينلين) بس(3 - اسيتايل - N - (4 - بروموفينيل) ثايزولدين - 4 - كاربوكسيل امايد)8 ATA6 2,2 - ( - 4,1فينلين) بس(3 - اسيتايل - N - (2 - ميثوكسي فينيل) ثايزولدين - 4 - كاربوكسيل امايد)9 ATA7 2,2 - ( - 4,1فينلين) بس(3 - اسيتايل - N - (4,2 - ثنائي برومو فينيل) ثايزولدين - 4 - كاربوكسيل امايد)10 ATA8 2,2 - ( - 4,1فينلين) بس(3 - اسيتايل - N - (4 - ميثل - - 3نايتروفينيل) ثايزولدين - 4 - كاربوكسيل امايد)11 ATA9 2,2 - ( - 4,1فينلين) بس(3 - اسيتايل - N - (3 - نايتروفينيل) ثايزولدين - 4 - كاربوكسيل امايد)12 ATA10 2,2 - ( - 4,1فينلين) بس(3 - اسيتايل - N - (4 - نايتروفينيل) ثايزولدين - 4 - كاربوكسيل امايد)13 ATA11 2,2 - ( - 4,1فينلين) بس(3 - اسيتايل - N - (2 - نايترو فينيل) ثايزولدين - 4 - كاربوكسيل امايد)14 ATA12 2,2 - ( - 4,1فينلين) بس(3 - اسيتايل - N - o - تلويل ثايزولدين - 4 - كاربوكسيل امايد) اظهرت جميع المركبات المحضرة نواتج بحصيلة جيدة , شخصت المركبات المحضرة بواسطة تقنية تحت الحمراء اذ تميز المركبان ((T و(AT) بظهور حزمة قويه عند 3400 - 3550 cm - 1 تعزى لمجموعة OH الحامض الكاربوكسيلي , اما مركبات الامايد ثايزولدين فانها قد تميزت باختفاء الحزمة العائدة للحامض الكاربوكسيلي وظهور حزمة عند3100 - 3350cm - 1 تعزى لمجموعة NH الامايد . كما استخدمت مطيافية الرنين النووي المغناطيسي البروتوني 1HNMR لتشخيص المركبات باستخدام ال DMSO - d6 كمذيب حيث اثبتت التكاملات ومواقع الاشارات صحة المركبات المحضرة , اذ تميز المركب AT بظهور اشارة عند 13.03ppm تعزى لبروتون الحامض الكاربوكسيلي فضلا عن ظهور الايزومرات الفراغية الناتجة من الذرات الكيرالية للثايزولدين , كما تميزت مركبات الامايد ثايزولدين بظهور اشارة عند مدى 8.5 - 12.6ppm تعزى لبروتون NH الامايدية واختفاء اشارة بروتون الحامض الكاربوكسيلي . كما استخدمت مطيافية الرنين النووي المغناطيسي الكاربوني 13CNMR اذ اثبتت مواقع الاشارات صحة المركبات المحضرة . اضافة الى تقنية طيف الكتلة (Mass spectra) التي استخدمت في تشخيص المركبات حيث تميزت جميع الاطياف بظهور ذروات عند الايون الجزيئي لكل مركب. كما درست الفعالية البايولوجية للمركبات المحضرة كمضادات بكتيرية اضافة الى اختبار سميتها, اذ اظهر المركب ATA7 فعالية بايولوجية اعلى اتجاه بكتريا E.Coli وبقطر تثبيط 37ملم مقارنه بالمركبات الاخرى . | Thiazolidine - 4 - carboxylic acid is a cyclic sulfur amino acid , analogous in its structure to proline. It is formed by condensation of cysteine and formaldehyde. Thiazolidine and N - acetyl derivative were reported to possess biological activity and tested for clinical use. This study included preparation and characterization of new compounds of thiazolidine - 4 - carboxylic amide then evaluation of their biological activity, As it was in this study the preparation of compound (T) which were prepared from the reaction of Terphthaldehyde with cysteine, the compound (T) which reacts with acetic anhydride to the preparation of compound (AT) to protect amine a amine group , then reacts compound (AT) with some aromatic amines to obtaine compounds thiazolidine - 4 - carboxylic amide. The table below shows the structure of the prepared compounds. Nomenclature Structure Symbol Comp. No 2,2' - (1,4 - phenylene)dithiazolidine - 4 - carboxylic acid T 1 2,2' - (1,4 - phenylene)bis(N - acetylthiazolidine - 4 - carboxylic acid) AT 2 2,2' - (1,4 - phenylene)bis(3 - acetyl - N - (4 - chlorophenyl) thiazolidine - 4 - carboxamide) ATA1 32,2' - (1,4 - phenylene)bis(3 - acetyl - N - p - tolyl thiazolidine - 4 - carboxamide) ATA2 42,2' - (1,4 - phenylene)bis(3 - acetyl - N - (6 - ethoxybenzo[d ] thiazol - 2 - yl) thiazolidine - 4 - carboxamide) ATA3 52,2' - (1,4 - phenylene)bis(3 - acetyl - N - m - tolyl thiazolidine - 4 - carboxamide) ATA4 62,2' - (1,4 - phenylene)bis(3 - acetyl - N - (4 - Bromophenyl) thiazolidine - 4 - carboxamide) ATA5 72,2' - (1,4 - phenylene)bis(3 - acetyl - N - (2 - methoxyphenyl) thiazolidine - 4 - carboxamide) ATA6 82,2' - (1,4 - phenylene)bis(3 - acetyl - N - (1,4 - dibromophenyl) thiazolidine - 4 - carboxamide) ATA7 92,2' - (1,4 - phenylene)bis(3 - acetyl - N - (4 - methyl - 3 - nitro phenyl) thiazolidine - 4 - carboxamide) ATA8 102,2' - (1,4 - phenylene)bis(3 - acetyl - N - (3 - nitrophenyl) thiazolidine - 4 - carboxamide) ATA9 112,2' - (1,4 - phenylene)bis(3 - acetyl - N - (4 - nitrophenyl) thiazolidine - 4 - carboxamide) ATA10 122,2' - (1,4 - phenylene)bis(3 - acetyl - N - (2 - nitrophenyl) thiazolidine - 4 - carboxamide) ATA11 132,2' - (1,4 - phenylene)bis(3 - acetyl - N - o - tolyl thiazolidine - 4 - carboxamide) ATA12 14 All the synthesized compounds were good yields . The prepared compounds were identified by FT - IR Spectroscopy as distinguish two compounds (T)and(AT) were characterized by the appearance of strong peak at 3400 - 3500 cm - 1 which attributed to (OH) group for carboxylic acid , on other hand compounds were characterized by the disappearance of peak which attributed to (OH) for carboxylic acid and the emergence peak at 3100 - 3350cm - 1 which attributed to (NH) group for amide. Also we used Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of the proton (1HNMR) to identify the compounds by using DMSO - d6 as solvent, as it has proved integration and sites signals the accuracy of the proposed , as distinguish compound (AT) was characterized by the emergence of signal at 13.03 ppm which attributed to the proton of carboxylic acid, as characterized compounds amide thiazolidine the emergence signal when the extent of 8.5 - 12.6ppm which attributed to the proton NH amide and the disappearance of a signal proton carboxylic acid . Also we used Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of carbon (13CNMR) where proven sites signals the health of compounds prepared . In addition, the mass spectrometry technique (MS) was used in the diagnosis of the compound, where all spectra characterized by the appearance of peaks at the molecular ion for each compound. Also , the biological activity of the prepared compounds as antibacterial agents as well as drag toxicity. The ATA7 compound show high activity against E.Coli convoy frustration (37mm) comparison other compounds

تحضير ودراسة التوصيل الكهربائي لبعض املاح الاديبات في محاليلها المائية بدرجات حرارة مختلفة وحساب دوالها الداينميكية الحرارية القياسية اضافة الى اختبارها كمثبتات حرارية لمادة بولي فنايل كلورايد == Synthesis and The Audio Frequency Conductance and thermodynamic studies of Some Metal Adipat salts in Aqueous Medium at Different Temperatures and Use All Salts As Thermal Stabilizers to The PVC

Author name: احمد سالم شنتة السدخان
Supervisor name: انيس عبد الوهاب النجار | زكي ناصر السكيني
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Science - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: جرى قياس ودراسة التوصيلات الكهربائية عند الترددات الواطئة للمحاليل المائية من املاح الاديبات المحضرة بطريقتين : احداهما كيميائية لايونات المغنسيوم والباريوم والكوبلت والنحاس والنيكل والزنك (الخارصين) , والاخرى (ولاول مرة) كهربائية لخمسة منها عند درجات حرارية مختلفة ضمن المدى من 298.15 K وحتى 313.15 K باستعمال جهاز قياس التوصيلية (Conductivity meter) . اجريت التحاليل المتعلقة بنتائج التوصيـــــــلية الكهربائية بطريقة تقنية التقلــــــــيل للحد الادنى (Minimization) باستعمال اربع مــــــــــعادلات نظرية للتوصـــــــيلية وهي مـــــــــعادلات (Fuoss - Hsia وPitts) الموسعة والمحددة . اوضحت النتائج التحليلية للاملاح المستعملة انها جميعا لا تتصرف كالكتروليتات "قوية" وان تفككها ليس بالتفكك التام . كما بينت تلك النتائج ان التوصيلية الكهربائية المنخفضة غير الاعتيادية لتلك الالكتروليتات لا تعزى الى وجود الجزيئات المتعادلة كهربائيا ولكن تعزى الى تكوين مزدوجات الايونات (Ion - Pairs) . كما جرى حساب قيم حاصل فالدن فضلا عن استحصال قيم الدوال الديناميكية الحرارية القياسية (∆H˚ و∆S˚ و∆G˚) لعملية التجمع الايوني عند مختلف درجات الحرارة المشار لها اعلاه بوساطة اعتماد كل من ˳Λ وKA على درجة الحرارة . واخيرا جرى تدوين ومناقشة جميع النتائج المستحصلة . اختبرت الثباتية الحرارية لمادة PVC باستعمال جميع الاملاح واعطت نتائج ايجابيه بهذا الصدد ،اذ مزجت مع PVC بنسب وتم قياس TGA للمزيج . | The audio electrical conductances of aqueous solutions of magnesium, barium , cobalt , copper , nickel and zinc adipate have been measured at various temperatures in the range of 298.15 K to 313.15 K , using an audio frequency conductance bridge. These salts were prepared by two methods chemically and, for the first time, electrochemically method. The evaluation of conductance data was carried out by minimization technique using theoretical conductance equations of the complete and modified forms of Pitts and Fuoss - Hsia. Quantitative results showed that these salts do not behave as ''strong'' electrolytes , and that their dissociations are far from complete . The abnormally low conductances of these electrolytes are not due to the presence of electrically neutral molecules but to the ion - pair formation. The Walden product values, as well as the standard thermodynamic functions (∆H˚ , ∆G˚ , ∆S˚ ) for the association reactions for the four temperatures studied, have been evaluated from the temperature dependent of Λ˳ and KA respectively. All the obtained quantities were reported and discussed . Thermal stability of PVC was studied by using magnesium, barium , cobalt , copper , nickel and zinc adipate as stabilizers

دراسة تركيز الهبسيدين , حالات الحديد وبعض المتغيرات الكيموحياتية في مرضى متلازمة المبيض متعدد الاكياس

Author name: دعاء نعمــــة مســـلم الزامــــــلي
Supervisor name: هناء عداي علي السلطاني
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Analytical Biochemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: تعد متلازمة المبيض متعدد الاكياس ( PCOS ) واحدة من اشهر اضطرابات الغدد الصماء غير المتجانسة والاكثر تعقيدا للنساء في سن الانجاب. عادة ما تكون مرتبطة مع مقاومة الانسولين (IR) المرافق لفرط نسبة الانسولين في الدم كعملية تعويضية. الارتفاع المزمن لهرمون ( LH ) ومقاومة الانسولين هما الاكثر شيوعا لانحرافات الغدد الصماء والتي تضهر في متلازمة المبيض متعدد الاكياس.في الدراسة الحالية فان مستوى هرمون الهيبسيدين وحالات الحديد (Total Iron، Ferritin، TIBC، UIBC، %TS، TF) تم دراستها ومقارنتها مع العديد من العلامات الجسمانية من(العمر، الوزن، الطول، مؤشر كتلة الجسم، ونسبة الورك الى الخصر (WHR) والهرمونات (LH، FSH، TT، FT، SHBG، E2، Progesterone، Prolactin ) ومتغيرات مقاومة الانسولين التي تتضمن (مستوى السكر في حالة الصيامFBG، ونسبة الانسولين في حالة الصيامFIN ومقياس مقاومة الانسولين HOMA - IR) وبعض المتغيرات الكيموحياتية (الدهون الثلاثية، نسبة الكولسترول في الدم ، نسبة الكولسترول الجيد العالي الكثافة والكولسترول الضار الواطئ الكثافة) في مرضى متلازمة المبيض متعدد الاكياس ومجموعة الاصحاء. اضافة الى ذلك تم تقسيم مرضى (PCOS) الى عدة مجاميع طبقا للمعايير التالية : (وجود الشعرانية، وجود انتظام الحيض، وجود العقم الاولي والثانوي، وجود مقاومة الانسولين والحساسية للانسولين بالاعتماد على(HOMA - IR≥3 ) .تم اختيار ستون (60) مريضة مصابة بمرض متلازمة المبيض متعدد الاكياس (PCOS) تتراوح اعمارهم بين (15 - 42) سنة. تم تشخيص مرض (PCOS) من قبل طبيبة نسائية متخصصة في مركز الخصوبة في مستشفى الصدر التعليمي في النجف الاشرف خلال الفترة من (شهر ديسمبر 2014 الى شهر مايو 2015). كذلك اختيرت (30) امراة سليمة تتراوح اعمارهن بين (15 - 42) سنة. تم قياس المتغيرات الكيميائية (نسبة السكر في الدم في حالة الصيام، قياس تركيز TG، الكولسترول، HDL، Total Iron وTIBC باستخدام طرق طيفية. بينما تم قياس تراكيز كل من (نسبة الانسولين في حالة الصيام ، الهيبسيدين، Ferritin، LH، FSH، TT، SHBG وProgesterone، E2 وProlactin)باستخدام طريقة (ELISA). تم حساب مقاومة الانسولين (HOMA - IR) باستخدام المعادلة التالية (تركيز السكر في الدم في حالة الصيام × تركيز الانسولين في الدم في حالة الصيام / 22.5).في الدراسة الحالية وجد ان الزيادة في تركيز الانسولين في حالة الصيام (p=0.001) ، HOMA - IR (p=0.001) ، LH (p=0.001) ، ونسبة LH / FSH (p=0.001) وProgesterone (p=0.001) ، SHBG (p=0.001) ، TT وFT (p=0.001) ، E2 (p=0.001) ، Prolactin (p=0.001) ، الكولسترول ، HDL ، LDL والدهون الثلاثية (p=0.001 ) ، Total Iron ، TIBC ، Ferritin ، TS ٪ ، UIBC وTF (p=0.001) وهرمون الهيبسيدين (p=0.001) عندما قورنت مجموعة متلازمة المبيض متعدد الاكياس مع مجموعة الاصحاء. بينما اضهرت الدراسة الحالية عدم وجود تاثير لنقصان تركيز السكر في حالة الصيام ونسبة هرمون FSH (p>0.05) خلال المقارنة. وجد في الدراسة الحالية ان تغيير مستويات هرمون الهيبسيدين يعتمد بصورة رئيسية على حالات الحديد ومقاومة الانسولين . | Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most complex common and heterogeneous endocrine disorders of women in the reproductive age. It is frequently associated with insulin resistance (IR) accompanied by compensatory hyperinsulinaemia. Chronically elevated luteinizing hormone (LH) and insulin resistance are 2 of the most common endocrine aberrations seen in PCOS. In the present study, the level of serum hepcidin and Iron status(total iron, ferritin, TIBC, UIBC, TS%, TS.c) studied and compared with many descriptive (age, weight, height, BMI, hip/waist ratio (WHR) , hormonal (LH, FSH, total testosterone, Free testosterone, SHBG, E2, progesterone, prolactin and insulin resistance parameters including (FBG, fasting insulin, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance HOMA - IR) and some biochemical parameters (TG, Cholesterol, HDL, LDL) in PCOS and control groups. Furthermore, PCOS patients are sub grouped according to the following criteria : presence of hirsutism, presence of regularity of menstruation, presence of primary and secondary infertility, presence of insulin resistant and insulin sensitive state according to HOMA - IR≥3. Sixty (60) polycystic ovary syndrome patients (PCOS) of ages range between (15 to 42) year were recruited. PCOS was diagnosed in patient by the gynecologists of the Fertility Center in AL - Sadder Teaching Hospital in Najaf during the period from (December 2014 to may 2015), 30 healthy women of ages range between (15 to 42) year were included as a control group. Fasting blood glucose, TG, cholesterol, HDL, total Iron and TIBC concentrations were measured by spectrophotometric methods. Fasting insulin, hepcidin, ferritin, LH, FSH, total and free testosterone, sex hormone binding globulin, progesterone, E2 and prolactin levels were measured by enzyme linked immune - sorbent assay methods. Insulin resistance was estimated by( HOMA - IR) using the equation (Fasting blood glucose × fasting insulin/22.5) . In the present study Significant increase of the concentrations of fasting insulin (p=0.001) , HOMA - IR (p=0.001) , LH (p=0.001) , LH/FSH ratio (p=0.001) , progesterone (p=0.001) , SHBG (p=0.001) , total testosterone (TT) and free testosterone (FT) (p=0.001), E2 (p=0.001) , prolactin (p=0.001), cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides(p=0.001) , total Iron, TIBC, ferritin, TS%, UIBC and TF (g/L) (p=0.001) and hepcidin hormone (p=0.001) were obtained in the group of polycystic ovary syndrome patients group when compared with those of the control group. Fasting blood glucose and FSH showed no significance (p>0.05) were noticed during a comparable evaluation. In the present study Changes of Hepcidin levels are dependent directly on Iron status and insulin resistance

استخلاص نقطة الغيمة بالازدواج مع طريقة طيفية لاستخلاص وتقدير النيكل (??) والكوبلت (??) والبزموث (?I?) في نماذج مختلفة باستعمال مشتقي ازو مناسبين == Cloud point extraction coupled with spectroscopic method for separation, extraction and determination of Nickel( ?? ) , Cobalt( ?? ) and Bismuth ( I?? ) in different samples by use of suitable Azo - derivatives

Author name: احمد صادق عبد هاشم الحمادي
Supervisor name: شوكت كاظم جواد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Analytical Biochemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Cloud point extraction methodology was used for separation, preconcentration and extraction cations for Bismuth(III) , Nickel(II) , Cobalt(II) as ion association complexes by two new laboratory prepared azo derivatives as complexing agents which are MIBSHA and AADAD as well as these new organic complexing agents studied spectrophotometricaly by UV - Vis spectroscopy and IR specrtrophotometry to confirm their structures and for the separation, preconcentration and extraction of the elements in this study which was performed as follows : 1 - Bismuth(III) Studies : At the beginning an experiment was conducted to determine the wave length of ion association complex of bismuth ion Bi(III) with new laboratory prepared complexing agent MIBSHA by UV - Vis, spectroscopy and the spectrum showed λmax=550nm. Under optimum conditions of extraction Bi(III), the study showed that pHex=9 was more stable for extraction and gave higher efficiency because at this acidic function, there exists the best coordination bounding between Bi(III) and MIBSHA in presence of 40 μg of Bi(III) as optimum concentration giving favorites thermodynamic equilibrium for complex formation and this method of extraction depends on using Non - ionic surfactant 1% Tritonx - 100. And experimental study showed that 0.5ml of this surfactant suitable for forming Cloud point layer (CPL) with higher density and smaller volume to give the best extraction efficiency for Bi(III) with high absorbance and distribution ratio (D). The extraction efficiency also increased with increasing MIBSHA concentration as linear relation because any increasing in MIBSHA concentration is mean increasing in ion pair complex concentration and suitability so increasing in the thermodynamic equilibrium partition to the CPL. And this reflects the sensitivity of new complexing agent MIBSHA in coordination binding and ion pair complex formation in addition to extraction CPE methodology which depends on heating. The experimental study shows that the optimum temperature of heating was (90°C) that gives higher extraction efficiency because it allow to reached the best thermodynamic equilibrium in Cloud point layer formation with good dehydration, as well thermodynamic data was ΔHex=0.145KJ mol - 1, ΔGex= - 73.786KJmol - 1and ΔSex=203.669Jmol - 1K - 1 whereas the low value of enthalpy for Demonstrate extraction to approach another ion of ion pair association complex, also the extraction method is entropic region, and the experimental study about the effect heating time was 20min was the optimum heating time which gives the higher extraction efficiency with high absorbance and distribution ratio D, as this time of heating helps to reach the optimum thermodynamic equilibrium of Cloud point layer formation CPLwith higher dehydration from other hand time of heating indicate the quantity of heat which162is help to dominate on the moving of micelles inside formation cloud point layer CPL with good properties of extraction. Stoichiometric study by using four spectrophotometric methods and the study revealed that the more probable structure of ion pair complex of Bismuth ion Bi(III) extracted was [1 : 1]+ anion [Bi(MIBSHA)]2+;2No3 - experimented study about synergism effect by using Tri butyl phosphate (TBP) and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) show that the extraction efficiency for bismuth ion Bi(III) increased with the presence of TBP or MIBK in aqueous solution by the effect of TBP and MIBK participation in the complex formation of Bi(III) also the experiments showed that there is one molecule of TBP or MIBK enters in the structure of ion pair complex of Bi(III) as [Bi(MIBSHA)(TBP)]2+;2NO3 - ; [Bi(MIBSHA)(MIBK)]2+;2NO3 - and TBP or MIBK enter in the complex instead of water molecule in the hydration shell of Bi(III) and increase hydrophobicity of ion pair complex and increased rate of partitioning to the CPL. As well as this study involved experiments about interferences effects as well as electrolytes effect and these experiments illustrated interferences effect to decline extraction efficiency because these ions form ion pair complex with complexing agent MIBSHA , that means a decrease in complexing agent MIBSHA concentration to form ion pair complex with Bi(III) so that electrolytes affect by increasing extraction efficiency of Bi(III) by effect of increasing Dehydration and destroyed hydration shell of bismuth ion to increase the chances of binding with MIBSHA for more stable ion pair complex. Later, this method was used coupled with suitable spectrophotometric application in the separation and determination of bismuth (III) in different samples.2 - Studies about Nickel (II)For nickel ion Ni(II) extraction from aqueous solution as ion pair complex used new laboratory prepared complexing agent AADAD , the spectrophotometric study for ion pair complex on Ni(II extracted into CPL showed maximum absorbance peak at wave length λmax=585nm and through the experimental study to limit optimum conditions and effective parameters. The study demonstrated that the optimum pHex was (9) which gives the highest extraction efficiency for nickel ion Ni(II by use complexing agent AADAD, whereas at this pHex favorable binding was given to form ion pair complex of nickel ion Ni(II with high concentration and stability as well as the method CPE for extraction Ni(II needed 0.5ml of non - ionic surfactant 1% TritonX - 100 which is affected to reach favorable thermodynamic equilibrium for aggregation of micelles in the state CMC for CPL formation with good163properties for the ion pair complex extraction of Ni(II) as well this extraction efficiency appeared with the presence of 50μg Ni(II) in aqueous solution to reach the best thermodynamic equilibrium for ion pair complex formation. Increasing AADAD concentration showed the existence of linear relation with linear increase in absorbance and distribution ratio and linear increasing in concentration stability and partitioning to CPL ion pair complex of Ni(II whereas CPE methodology depends on the temperature of heating, the experiment showed that 80°C was the optimum temperature that gives the higher extraction efficiency of Ni(II with thermodynamic data ΔHex= 0.1126KJmol - 1 , ΔGex= - 58.19KJmol - 1 and ΔSex=165.16Jmol - 1K - 1 . These values prove that the ions of ion pair complex for Ni(II) extracted into CPL approached one another with a high gegree and the method of extraction was entropic in region. The experimental study about the effect of heating time showed that 15min was the best time of heating that allows to reach a higher extraction efficiency of CPE method. Time of heating indicates the kinetic side of extraction method as heating for 15min at 80°C gave the quantity of heating that hels to reach the favorable thermodynamic equilibrium for CPL formation stoichiometry showing the more probable structure of ion pair complex extracted for Ni(II) which was [Ni(AADAD)]+;No3 - but synergism effect study showed that by using TBP and MIBK showed increasing extraction efficiency of Ni(II) with the presence of TBP or MIBK in aqueous solution because substitution water in coordination shell of Ni(II) in ion pair complex and effect to increase hydrophobicity, stability and partitioning to CPL. Also, the study revealed that adding one molecule of TBP or MIBK in the structure of ion pair complex of Ni(II) such as [Ni(AADAD)(TBP)]+;NO3 - , [Ni(AADAD)(MIBK)]+;NO3 - . So the studies tackled the effect of interferences as cations and electrolytes on extraction efficiency, later on, we used this method in the extraction and spectrophotometric determination of Nickel (II) in different samples.3 - Studies about Cobalt (II)The experimental studies concerning the separation, preconcentration and extraction of cobalt(II) as ion association complex by using the same complexing agent used with nickel (II) AADAD according to Cloud point extraction methodology. The UV - Vis spectrophotometric studies about the ion association complex extracted showed that the maximum absorbance of the complex of wave length λmax=530nm. As well as the extraction method according to CPE method showed (pH=8) was the optimum acidic function for extraction giving the highest absorbance and distribution value D because this pHex the best164coordination bonding between cobalt ion Co(II) and complexing agent AADAD so that high partitioning of stable complex to cloud point layer CPL. Moreover, the experiments showed that 0.5ml of Non - ionic surfactant, very stable for giving higher extraction efficiency because this volume of surfactant helps to reach the favorable thermodynamic equilibrium of aggregation of micelles to form CPL with high density and small volume and the micelles in case one approaches the other with the best dehydration to be in high hydrophobicity with good partitioning of complex to CPL. And in this case giving higher extraction efficiency, also, this extraction efficiency obtained when 60μg of cobalt ion Co(II was in the aqueous solution to give the best thermodynamic equilibrium to formation high stability ion pair complex extracted into CPL quantitively effect of temperature study showed that 80°C was the best temperature of extraction according to CPE method because in this temperature the best CPL was formed by aggregation and using dehydration at CMC state happen good extraction as well as thermodynamic data for extraction Co(II) was ΔHex=0.1014KJmol - 1, ΔGex= - 60.658KJmol - 1, ΔSex=171.86Jmol - 1K - 1. These data showed from the small positive value of enthalpy of extraction , the ions of ion pair complex extraction when one approach another to increase stability of this complex as well the large positive value of entropy of extraction demonstrates the dependence of extraction according to CPE and entropy. Then this procedure being entropic in region. Time of heating as the experiment study showed is 15min and was stable to give higher extraction efficiency. Because heating the solution at fixed temperature and time mean the quantity of heating help kinetically to reach thermodynamic and kinetic equilibrium for formation CPL. Then giving higher extraction efficiency. Stoichiometry study revealed that the more probable structure of ion pair complex extracted was [Co(AADAD)]+;NO3 - . Synergism study show presence TBP or MIBK in aqueous solution effect to increase extraction efficiency of Co(II) according to CPE method. Because complexing agent AADAD was not able to saturated the coordination shell of Co(II) ion in complex formation then the empty coordination position and occupy with water molecule and decline extraction efficiency , but TBP or MIBK able to coordinate instead of water in coordination shell and increase extraction efficiency, as well the study showed one molecule of TBP or MIBK able to enter in complex formed such as [Co(AADAD)(TBP)]+;NO3 - or [Co(AADAD)(MIBK)]+;NO3 - . So that the studies involved the effect of interferences as cations and electrolytes on extraction efficiency , later we used this method for the extraction and spectrophotometric determination of cobalt (II) in different samples.

تحضير ودراسة الفعالية الحيوية لبعض مشتقات السلفايد والسلفون == Synthesis , Identification and Biological Activity for (Sulfide ,Sulfone) - Compounds

Author name: رشا نعمة حسين الجعباوي
Supervisor name: نغم محمود جواد الجمالي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Organic Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Sulfone and Sulfide are important compounds due to their uses in industrial , artificial and pharmaceutical applications . They are characterized by their effectiveness against skin diseases and fungal what make them used as biologically important substances and preparatory studies have been extended to their derivatives. The research includes two sections : Section I : : contains preparing 19 compound which are (R1 - R19) in six parts : : - Part one : - includes preparing compound (R1) from the interaction of (Thio semicarbazide) with (Diethyl Terephthalate) interacting the resulted (R1) react with (10% Sodium hydroxide ) to prepare the compound (R2), interacting the resulted compound with (chloro ethyl acetate) to prepare the compound (R3) , and finally interacting the resulted compound with acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide to prepare compound (R4). Part two : - includes preparing compound (R5) by interacting compound (Sulfobenzoic anhydride) with (2 - amino - 5 - mercapto - 1,3,4 - thiadiazole) then the resulting interaction (R5) with( chloro ethyl acetate) to prepare the compound (R6) , and interacting the result with (acetic acid) and (hydrogen peroxide) to prepare compound (R7).Part three : - : includes preparing compounds (R8, R9, R10) by interacting (phenylene diamine) with (2 - mercapto acetic acid) to produce (R8) and reactance of this compound with Formaldehyde)) to form a compound (R9) and interacting the last compound (acetic acid) and (hydrogen peroxide) to prepare compound (R10). Part four : - includes interacting (2 - amino - 5 - mercapto - 1,3,4 - thiadiazol) with a compound formaldehyde)) to prepare the compound (R11) , interacting compound R11 and interacting the result with (Sulfobenzoic anhydride to produce compound (R12). Part five : - : includes preparing compounds (R13,R14, R15, R16) by interacting compound (Formaldehyde) with (2 - mercapto benzoic acid) to form (R13) , and interacting this result with ( Thio semicarbazide)) and (sodium hydroxide 10%) for the preparation of R14)), which through its interaction with (chloro ethyl acetate) is the preparation of the compound (R15 The oxidizing the resulted compound by (acetic acid) and (hydrogen peroxide) , gives (R16). Part six : - includes preparing compound (R17) by interacting( 2 - mercapto benzoic acid)) with(3 - chloro propanoyl chloride) and interacting the finally with (Thio semicarbazide) give (R18), which we can obtain011compound (R19) by interacting with (chloro ethyl acetate).All the prepared compounds have been following up the interactions enabled chromatography thin layer (TLC) for each prepared vehicles and characterized by (IR) spectrum NMR proton (1H.NMR), and a nice nuclear magnetic resonance of carbon (13C.NMR) and (C.H.N), and then measure the degree of fusion.Section II : This section includes the study of the biological inhibitory action to some of the prepared compounds on positive bacteria for dye Gram (Staphylococcus aureuse) and another negative bacteria for dye Gram (Escherichia Coli). All the compounds showed effect against both selected bacteria in the study.The Scheme below clarifies

تحضير مركبات الكبريت غير متجانسة الحلقة ودراسة الفعالية الحيوية لبعض منها == Synthesis Sulfur Heterocyclic Compounds and Study Biological Activity for Some its

Author name: انتصار عبيد سلمان الفتلاوي
Supervisor name: نغم محمود جواد الجمالي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Organic Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
Key words:
  • الثايازول، الثيادايازول
  • الثايازين
  • الثايادايازين
  • الثايازبين
  • الثيادايازبين
First pages:
Abstract: The compounds of heterocyclic that have the qualities of a great biological and pharmacological importance, where we see through the growing literature in Chemistry published research in this area significantly, so we decided to prepare new derivatives of them.In this study prepared (16) a new deriva????ve of sulfur heterocyclic compounds such as Thiazole, Thiadiazole Thiazine, Thiadiazine, Thiazepine and Thiadiazepine, and three other intermediate compounds to prepare Some of these derivatives, these compounds ((Five, Six and Seven - Membered Heterocycles))The research included two Section of study : The first section : included prepara????on (19) compounds (I1 - I19), by four parts : The first part : included preparation (I1) of benzil interaction with thiosemicarbazide and then the interaction of output with nitrous acid record spontaneously from mixing hydrochloric acid with sodium nitrite, to form a diazonium salt and then reactance this salt with (Acetyl acetone) to prepare azo compound (I2), and Then reactance output with thiourea, thiosemicarbazide, Thioacetamide and cysteine respectively for the preparation of compounds (I3 - I6).The second part : included reactance (diethyl terephthalate) with thiosemicarbazide, cysteine to prepare the compound (I7) and compound (I9), respectively, and then reactance outputs with Sulfobenzoic anhydride, thiosemicarbazide respectively to produce the compound (I8) and compound (I10), respectively. The third part : included reactance (1,3 - diphenylpropane - 1,3 - dione) with thiosemicarbazide to give the compound (I11) and then output reactance with benzaldehyde to give the compound (I12) and then output with reactance Sulfobenzoic anhydride to give the compound (I13). The fourth part : includes reactance (p - amino acetophenon)with nitrous acid record spontaneously from mixing hydrochloric acid with sodium nitrite, to form a salt of diazonium and then reactance this salt with diethyl mal Acetyl acetone to give compound (I14) and compound (I17), respectively, and then reactance thiosemicarbazide, benzaldehyde respectively, to give the compound (I15) and compound (I18), respectively, and then outputs reactance with Sulfobenzoic anhydride, thiourea to give compound (I16) and compound (I19), respectively. All interactions followed up by thin layer chromatography (TLC) for each prepared compounds and diagnosed by spectrum infrared (FT.IR) spectrum, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H.NMR), nuclear magnetic resonance of carbon (13C.NMR) and Elemental Analysis(C.H.N), and then measure the melting point. The second section : This section of the research included the study of the inhibitory action of the some of biological compounds against the gram - positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureuse) and gram - negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and all showed the effectiveness of the compounds against selected bacteria in the study type.

التشخيص الكيميائي والفولتامتري للبولي بيوتيلين سكسنيت الملدن بواسطة ايبوكسي (زيت النخيل)

Author name: حسن رحيم حمود الدحيدحاوي
Supervisor name: عماد عباس جعفر | هناء عداي علي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: في هذه الدراسة ، تم استخدم ايبوكسيي زيت النخيل EPO كملدن للبولي بوتيلين سكسينيت باستخدام الكلوروفورم كمذيب ، تم خلط ستة اوزان من PSPE وقد استخدم جهاز FTIR الطيفي لتحديد المجاميع الفعالة . كما وتم قياس الاستقرارية الحرارية والتحلل البيولوجي ، والخصائص المورفولوجية للخليط بواسطة جهاز التحليل الحراري الوزني TGA ، المجهر الالكتروني الماسح SEM وتقنية FTIR ، حيث اظهرت النتائج بان هناك بعض التاثر بين المركبين بوجود الاواصر الهيدروجينية التي تربط بين نهايات المجاميع الفعالة للبوليمر OH وبين حلقة الايبوكسي . مزيج الـ PSPE اظهر استقرار حراري عالي وتحسن في الخواص البيولوجية مقارنة مع الـ PBS النقي . كما اظهرت النتائج المورفولوجية للخليط ان EPO كان ذو قابلية امتزاجية جيدة مع PBS. تم تعديل قطب الكربون الزجاجي GCE مع طبقه رقيقة من (PSEP ) باستخدام طريقة محلول التبخر لانتاج القطب الجديد المعدل . PSEP/GC تم ايضا دراسة عمليات الاكسدة والاختزال لسداسي سيانيد الحديدات (II) باستخدام الـCyclic Voltammetry . وقد تبين ان ذروة الفصل ΔEpa - c ) ) بين قمم الاكسدة لايون فروسيانيد في محلول مائي هو 120 ملي فولت ، ونسبة التيار لقمم الاكسدة، IPA / IPC، كانت 1.6 لـ PSEP / GCE، مؤشرا انعكاسية وقابلية توصيلية جيدة للقطب المعدل. وبالتالي، فانه يمكن استخدامها لتحليل الجهد الكهروكيميائي . الخواص الفيزيائية للقطب المعدل PSEP / GCE تمثلت بالصلابة الجيدة، التصاق العالي على الاسطح المعدنية للقطب الالكتروليت الجامع ، بالاضافة الى الذوبانية والاستقرارية الجيدة للـPSEP على .GCE ايضا، الحساسية في ظل ظروف الـ cyclic voltammetry تعتمد بشكل كبير على تراكيز مختلفة من فروسيانيد ، الالكتروليت المستخدم ومعدل المسح . وقد لوحظ خلال معدلات مسح مختلفة بان قمم الاكسدة والاختزال للحديد / (III) الحديد (II) تمت بعملية معكوسة. | In this study, epoxidized palm oil (EPO) was utilized as a blended for poly butylene succinate (PBS) using chloroform as a solvent by solution casting process at six weight of PSEP. Fourier - transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to identify the functional groups of PBS and PSEP blends. Thermal stability, biodegradable, and morphological properties of the blends were investigated by thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique. The FTIR spectra indicate that there are some molecular interactions by intra molecular hydrogen bond between PBS and EPO. All sets of PSEP blends show high thermal stability and significant improvement of biodegradable properties compared to pure PBS. Morphological results of PSEP blends show that EPO was good miscible with PBS. Aglassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with a poly butylene succinate - epoxidized palm oil (PSEP) film using a solution evaporation method to produce a new modified electrode PSEP/GCE. The redox process of K4[Fe(CN)6] during cyclic voltammetry was studied using the PSEP/GCE. It was found that the peak separation (∆Epa - c) between the redox peaks of ferrous cyanide ion in an aqueous solution is 120 mV and the current ratio of redox peaks, (Ipa/Ipc), is 1.6 for the PSEP /GCE, indicating good reversibility with good conductivity of the modified electrode. Hence, it can be used for voltammetric analysis. The physical properties of the modified electrode PSEP/GCE include good hardness, high adhesion to the metal surfaces of electrode collectors, solubility and good stability of the PSEP on GCE. Also, the sensitivity under conditions of cyclic voltammetry is significantly dependent on different concentrations of ferrous cyanide , the electrolyte used and the scan rate. At different scan rates, oxidation - reduction peaks of Fe(III)/Fe(II) were observed in a reversible process

تحضير وتشخيص ليكاندات قواعد شيف مشتقة من الترفثالديهايد ودراسة معقداتها مع بعض العناصر الفلزية == Synthesis And Identification of Schiff Bases Ligands Derived From Terephthaldehyde And Studying Its Complexes With Some Metal Elements

Author name: علي محمود علي
Supervisor name: محمد حامد سعيد | حسن ثامر غانم
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis studies the synthesis of three new Schiff base ligand (L1 , L2 ,L3 ) derived from terephthaldehyde, the first ligand (L1) is produced by the reaction of terephthaldehyde with ortho - phenlenediamineat ( 1 : 2) molar ratio.The second ligand (L2) is produced by the reaction of terephthaldehyde with ortho - phenlenediamine at ( 2 : 1) molar ratio. The third ligand (L3) is produced by the reaction of terephthaldehyde with 2 - aminobenzothiazol at (1 : 1) molar ratio .These ligands are identified by using FT - IR and Uv - Vis spectroscopies,1H - NMR, massspectrometer and elemental analysis.These ligands are mixed with some metal chloride solutions Co(II), Ni (II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) by using absolute ethenolic solutions at (2 : 1) molar ratio to formtwelve complexes . These complexes are identified byanalytical andspectroscopic techniquessuch as elemental analysis andthe determination of the metalratio within its complex, recording infrared spectra,in addition to Uv - Vis by useing solvent DMSO (1x10 - 4M), the same solvent is used with molar conductance measurements for solutions of compounds at(1 x 10 - 3M)at room temperature, in addition to measuring the magnetic sensitivity of the complexes in solid state .This study has concluded that by using all the above techniques and experiments ,all these ligands' have acted as bidentate to form pentagonal and tetragonal metal cycles .Depending on the results of the study,octahedral structures of all the prepared ligands' complexes have been suggested.The following stereochemistriesreflect the complexes which are the subject of the study

تقدير البروتينات الدهنية والاجهاد التاكسدي في مصل المصابين بمرض حب الشباب == Evaluation of Serum Lipid Profile and Malondialdehyde in Patients with Acne

Author name: رنا عبد العالي الرفيعي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Analytical Biochemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The present study was conducted to verify the relevance of lipids and lipoproteins levels and their byproduct of oxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA) in acne patients. The design of the project included one hundred acne patients (47% males and 53% females)and 40 apparently healthy individuals (control group). Total serum cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL - C), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL - C), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL - C) and MDA levels were measured in acne patients and the control group.The results indicated significant (P≤0.05) elevations for TC, TG, LDL - C, VLDL - C and MDA levels in acne patients with respect to those of the control group. Sex differences were obtained as rises forTC, LDL - C and MDA (P≤0.05) in males when compared with thoseof the females. The linear regression analysis exhibited significantpositive correlation for TC (r = 0.68, P≤0.05) and LDL - C (r = 0.48, P≤0.05) with ages of the control group but not in the acne patients.Smoker acne patients demonstrated significant elevations for TC, TG, VLDL - C, LDL - C and MDA (P≤0.05) in comparison with those of the control group, while nonsmokers acne patients showed significant elevations for TC and LDL - C (P≤0.05) during a comparable evaluation. Married acne patients indicated significant increases for TC, TG, VLDL - C, LDL - C and MDA (P≤0.05) when compared with those of the control group, while non married acne patients illustrated significant elevations for TG, VLDL - C, LDL - C and MDA (P≤0.05). The influence of treatment was studied, the data stated significant elevation for TG and LDL (P≤0.05), in treated acne patients when compared with those of the control group, while untreated acne patients showed significant increases for TC, TG, VLDL - C, LDL - C and MDA (P≤0.05) in comparison with those of the control group.These results suggested that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of acne. We believed that this study is the first to deal with changes of serum lipid profile and oxidative stress in acne patients.

تحضير عوامل مساعدة من بعض اكاسيد الفلزات وتطبيقاتها في الاكسدة الحرارية والضوئية == Preparationof Catalysts From Several Metals Oxides and their Application in Thermal and PhotoOxidation

Author name: فاطمة علاوي عبد السجاد
Supervisor name: موسى عمران كاظم
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:

دراسة الاطياف الاهتزازية والفعالية البايولوجية لبعض القلويدات == A study of the vibrational spectra and the biological activity of some alkaloids

Author name: ايمان عبد الوهاب عبد الله الكويتي
Supervisor name: عبد الرزاق عبد الجليل العيسى | حسين عبد الكاظم عبد الحسين
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Chemistry Department
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The present study was conducted to extracts several alkaloids and their potency on the contraction of smooth’s Rat intestine .to achieve these aims : (Okra, Potato, Cilca ,Pomegranate, Sweet melon, Water melon, Eggplant , pumpkin , Quince , Oaks, Apple, Broad been ,Cauliflower ,Cinnamon ,spinach) were subjected to extraction by petroleum ether and ethanol.HPLC and Mayer’s test revealed significant amounts of pelletierin from punica granatum,lupanine from spinacia oleracea,sinaxalen from brassica oleracea,jasmonoyl tyrosine alkaloid from vica faba ,solanidine from solanum tuberosum and solanine from solanum melongena,in the enrolled plants.The amounts of these alkaloids were (0.22,0.015,0.043,0.036,0.041,0.031) mg/g Respectively .The interaction of alkaloids (0.1) g/L and the contraction of smooth muscle in rat was examined by IR spectroscopy. with the data exhibited stretching band of (C - N) bond in the rang of (1215 - 1020),as described in the literatures .The wave number of the stretching bands of (C - N)in alkaloids were found to be inversely proportional with the molecular weight of alkaloids .Alkaloids were found to elicit Rat intestinal strain according to the order Pelletierine>Lupanine>Sinaxalen>Jasmonoyltyrosine> Solanidine>Solanine.These results suggest the involvement of (C - N) bonds in alkaloids during the induction of smooth muscle contraction.
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