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دور فيتاميني A وC وبذور الحلبة في التقليل من اثر الاجهاد التاكسدي في الاداء الفسلجي والتناسلي لاباء فروج اللحم == The Role of Vitamins A ,C and Fenugreek Seeds in Lowering Oxidative Stress Effect on Physiological and Reproductive Performance of Males Broiler Breeder

Author name: احمد طايس طه
Supervisor name: صائب يونس عبد الرحمن
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Mosul
First pages:

تاثير القصور الدرقي في بعض الصفات التناسلية والانتاجية والفسلجية للدم في المعز المحلي == EFFECT OF HYPOTHYROIDISM ON SOME REPRODUCTIVE, PRODUCTION AND BLOOD PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN LOCAL GOATS

Author name: موفق سليمان قاسم برواري
Supervisor name: نبيل نجيب احمد
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Mosul
First pages:

تاثير استخدام بعض مضادات الاكسدة في الاداء الانتاجي وبعض الصفات الفسلجية للدجاج البياض == Effect of Using Some Antioxidants on Production Performance and Some Physiological Characters in Laying Hens

Author name: منتهى محمود داؤد القطان
Supervisor name: صائب يونس عبد الرحمن
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Mosul
First pages:

تاثير استخدام بعض المواد الحافظة وتقنيات تجميد مختلفة في تقليل تشضي المادة الوراثية والموت المبرمج للمايتوكوندريا في نطف كباش العواسي التركي == Effect of using of some preservatives and various cryopreserved technology in reducing DNA fragmentation and mitochondrial apoptosis in Turkish Awassi sperm

Author name: احمد يونس سعيد حبيب
Supervisor name: عبد الكريم عبد الرضا هوبي | محمد باقر محمد رشاد فخر الدين
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

دراسة التغيرات الدمية والفسلجية للابقار والعجول الموجبة والسالبة لاختبار السلين وعلاقتها بالانتاج == PHYSIOLOGICAL AND HAEMATOLOGICAL CHANGES STUDY IN COWS AND CALVES POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE FOR TUBERCULIN AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH PRODUCTION

Author name: كاظم جهـيد كاطع الطائي
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تاثير اضافة مسحوق جذور نبات Panax Ginseng الاحمر لعليقة طائر السمان الياباني Coturnix japonica في بعض الصفات الانتاجية والفسلجية والتناسلية == Effect of adding Panax Ginseng red root powder to diet in of Japanese quail Coturnix japonica on some productive, physiological and reproductive characteristics

Author name: عبد الكريم مزيد عبد الله الوائلي
Supervisor name: خالد جلاب كريدي الصالحي
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

عزل وتنمية وحفظ الخلايا الجذعية من الحبل السري == Separation, in vitro Cultivation and Preservation of Umbilical Cord Stem Cells

Author name: نور فرحان شمخي
Supervisor name: صباح ناصر العلوجي | مجيد ارشيد سباح
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تاثير مستخلص نبات القطب Tribulus terrestris L. في وظائف الموثة والخصى في الارانب المخصية == Effect of Tribulus terrestris L. Extract on Prostatic and Testicular Functions of Castrated Rabbits

Author name: اثير كاظم محمد الربيعي
Supervisor name: فريال عبد المناف محمد امين المهداوي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تاثير مستويات مختلفة من الشعير في تراكيز بعض الهرمونات الجنسية والايضية وبعض المعايير الدمية و الكيموحيوية للحملان الانثوية العرابية == Effect Different Levels of Barley on Some of Sex and Metabolic Hormones and Some Hematological and Biochemical Parameters of Arabi Female Lam

Author name: وليد يوسف قاسم
Supervisor name: عماد فلاح الجاسم | طه جاسم الطه
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

دراسة شكلائية ، قياسية ، نسيجية وهرمونية لخصى وبرابخ الاغنام العواسية والعرابية في مراحل مختلفة من البلوغ الجنسي == Morphological, standard, histological and Hormonal study for the test and culvers Arrabi and Awassi sheep in different stages of puberty

Author name: ابتهال ياسر حسين الوكض
Supervisor name: احمد جواد الياسري | علي عبد الله زعيري السعدون
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Muthanna
First pages:

دراسة تشريحية ونسيجية للجهاز التناسلي قبل وبعد البلوغ الجنسي في النعاج العواسي و العرابية == Anatomical and Histological study of Female Genital System Pre and Post Puberty in Awassi and Arrabi Ewes

Author name: زينب علي شكير الربيعي
Supervisor name: علي عبد الله زعيري السعدون | احمد جواد الياسري
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Muthanna
First pages:

تاثير استخدام خليط احماض الاوميكا 9،6،3 في محاليل حفظ النطف البربخية للماعز بالتبريد والتجميد == EFFECT OF USING A MIXTURE OF ACIDS OMEGA 3, 6, 9 IN THE SOLUTIONS OF GOAT EPIDIDYMAL SPERMS PRESERVATION BY COOLING AND FREEZING

Author name: نهى جميل عكموش الجبر
Supervisor name: علي عبد الله زعيري السعدون
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Muthanna
First pages:

دراسة نسيجيه و فسلجية لتاثير هرمون الجوع ومستخلص اوراق المورنكا اوليفيرا على بعض المعايير الكيموحيوية في الجرذان == Physiological and Histological Study for the Effect of Moringa oleifera Leaves Extract and Ghrelin Hormone in Hyperlipidimic Male Rats

Author name: حوراء سليم محمد طه بشيبش
Supervisor name: ارشد نوري الدجيلي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:

العلاقة بين بعض الاعراض السريرية وبعض معايير الدم الفسيولوجية والهرمونية والكيموحيوية لدى النساء المصابات بمتلازمة تكيس المبايض == The Relation Between Some Clinical Signs and Physiological , Hormonal and Biochemical Criteria of Blood in Women With Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome

Author name: كاظم محمد سبع الجابري
Supervisor name: ارشد نوري الدجيلي | زينب حسن الخفاجي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

تاثير معالم النطف والاجهاد التاكسدي ونضج الكروماتين النطفي في التمنية الصنعية داخل الرحم لمرضى العقم == Effect of Spermiogram, Oxidative Stress and Sperm Chromatin Maturity on the Outcome of Intrauterine Insemination of Infertile Patients

Author name: محسن كاظم حسن المرشدي
Supervisor name: يحيى كاظم السلطاني
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:

دراسة فسيولوجية ومناعية نسيجية لبعض الدلائل الحيوية لسرطان المثانة == Physiological and Pathological study of Bladder cancer

Author name: حنان ديكان عباس
Supervisor name: ارشد نوري الدجيلي | اسعد عبد الحمزه الجنابي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:

الاستروجين وبعض المؤشرات الكيموحيوية لمرض القلب التاجي للنساء في سن الاياس == Estrogen and some biochemical markers of coronary heart disease in menopausal women

Author name: محمد عماد منصور الغرابي
Supervisor name: ارشد نوري الدجيلي| صفاء علي خضير
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:

العلاقة بين الهيموكلوبين السكري والاجهاد التاكسدي في النوع الثاني من داء السكري غير المستجيب للانسولين == The Relevance of Glycosylated Hemoglobin with Oxidative Stress in Insulin Resistant Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Author name: مكارم هشام محمد العنزي
Supervisor name: ماجد كاظم حسين | ظافرة جعفر عبد علي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

تاثير الدروس العلمية لطلبة كلية التربية الرياضية في بعض المعايير الدموية واليكموحيوية والمتغيرات الوظيفية والبدنية == It'fre Effttt of Qracticaf Lessons of Sport lEfucationaf Coffage Stutrents on S ome (B ho6 rBiocfrem'icaf Sarameters onf Sotne lFunctionaf anf rPfrysicaf 'larin6[es

Author name: وفاء صالح عبد الرضا
Supervisor name: محمد علي الديوان | عمار جاسم مسلم
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

تاثير المركبات الفينولية المستخلصة من نباتي اوراق اكليل الجبل Rosmarinus officinalis وبذور العنب Vitis vinifera في اناث الجرذان المختبرية عالية الكولسترول == Effect of Polyphenolic compounds extracted from Rosemary leaves (Rosmarinus officinalis) and Grape seeds (Vitis vinifera) on hypercholsterolemic female rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Author name: يقين ريسان شعلان
Supervisor name: خالد الفرطوسي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

تاثير مبيد الميثيداثيون في بعض المعايير الفسيولجية والنسجية للفئران المختبرية البيض Mus musculus L. == Effect of Methidathion pesticide on some Physiological and Histological parameters of laboratory white mice Mus musculus L

Author name: ايمان حنش راهي
Supervisor name: سامي جبر المالكي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

دراسة لبعض المتغيرات الفسلجية , الكيموحيوية والمناعية لبعـــض مسببات الاجهاض التلقائي المتكرر على النساء في محافظة واســط == Study of some variables physiological, biochemical and immunological of some causes of recurrent spontaneous abortions for women in Wasit province

Author name: اساور كريـم حامي السعدون
Supervisor name: كاظم جهــيد كاطع | سهاد فالح حسون
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Wasit
First pages:

دراسة نسيجية وكيميائية مناعية للنسيج والعلاقة بين الكولاجين والمستقبلات الهرمونية لسرطان الثدي == Histological and Immunohistochemical study for relationship between of collagen and hormonal receptor status in the breast cancer

Author name: هجرس شاكر صالح
Supervisor name: هيفاء عبد علي الشمري
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

دراسة فسيولوجية وجزيئية لمرضى الفشل القلبي في محافظة ذي قار العراق == Physiological and Molecular Study for Patients with Heart Failure in Thi - Qar province, Iraq

Author name: ماجد عبد زوید البدري
Supervisor name: خالد كاطع الفرطوسي | حسین حمدان الكنزاوي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

دراسة فسيولوجية لتاثير معلق جذور الجنسنك الاحمر Panax ginsengفي ذكور الجرذان المختبرية الطبيعية والمصابة بداء السكري == Physiological study for the effect of red ginseng (Panax ginseng) suspension roots in the normal and diabetic male rats (Rattus norvegicus

Author name: شهاب حاتم حسين
Supervisor name: خالد كاطع الفرطوسي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

تقدير مستوى هرمون الميلاتونين لمرضى السكري النوع الثاني في محافظة ذي قار العراق : دراسة فسلجية وجزيئية == Assessment of melatonin hormone in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in Thi - Qar province, Iraq (physiological and molecular study

Author name: احمد عبد الهادي جبار
Supervisor name: خالد كاطع الفرطوسي | ايناس عبد الكريم
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

دراسة مقارنة لبعض التاثيرات الفسيولوجية والنسجية للقلويدات المستخلصة من اوراق نباتي الدفلة البيضاء Nerium oleander والكرفسApium graveolens في اناث الفئران المختبرية البيض Mus musculus L.

Author name: نداء عبد الله مزبان الخفاجــي
Supervisor name: علي مانع حسين التميمي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:

دراسة فسيولوجية و كيموحيوية لتاثير لبن الابل في الجرذان المختبرية المصابة تجريبيا بالتهاب المفاصل == Physiological and Biochemical Study of the Impact of camel's Milk in Experimentally Infected laboratory Rats with Arthritis

Author name: احمد عايد نافع الفهد
Supervisor name: خالد كاطع الفرطوسي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Muthanna
First pages:

العلاقة بين AMH وهرمونات الغدة الدرقية في خصوبة الرجال الذين يعانون من قصور الدرقية وفرط الدرقية == The Relationship among AMH and Thyroid Hormones in Infertile Men suffering from Hypothyroidsim and Hyperthyroidism

Author name: اريج شاكر جاسم
Supervisor name: كاظم محمد سبع
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Muthanna
First pages:

تاثير حليب الابل في بعض المعايير الفسيولوجية في اناث الجرذان المختبرية Rattus norvegicus المعامله بالبنزين == The Effect of Camel's Milk in Some Physiological Parameters of Female Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Treated with Benzene

Author name: زينب محمد عباس الغزي
Supervisor name: خالد كاطع الفرطوسي | محمد عجة عودة
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: The present study was conducted in Department of Biology, College of Sciences, University of Thi - Qar, Iraq to investigate the effect of camel's milk on some physiological parameters of female rats (Rattus norvegicus) treated with benzene which included (weight of body and internal organs, hematological and biochemical parameters). The study was included 48 female rats divided into 8 equal groups, 6 for each group, the control group (A) which treated orally with (5 ml /kg) of physiological solution (NaCl 0.9%) for 4 months, camel's milk group (B) which treated orally with (5ml/kg) camel's milk for 4 months, benzene group(1) (C) which injected (I.P.) with (0.2ml/kg) of benzene by two doses for each week for four months, benzene group(2) (D) which injected (I.P.) with (0.4ml/kg) of benzene by two doses for each week for four months, protection group (E) which injected with (0.2ml/kg) of benzene and treated with (5ml/kg) of raw camel's milk for four months, protection group (F) which injected with (0.4ml/kg) of benzene and treated with (5ml/kg) of raw camel's milk for four months, treatment group (G) which injected with (0.2ml/kg) of benzene and after the end of duration of injection treated with (5ml/kg) of raw camel's milk daily for 1 months, treatment group (H) which treated with (0.2ml/kg) of benzene and after the end of duration of injection treated with (5ml/kg) of raw camel's milk daily for one month, and identified the animal weights at the beginning and end of the experiment and after the end of the period experiment all rats were weight organs (heart, liver, kidneys and spleen) and took blood samples to measure the level of malondialdehyde MDA, Ceruloplasmin CP, Total Cholesterol TC, Triglyceride TG, height density lipoproteins HDL, low density lipoproteins LDL, very low density lipoproteins VLDL and the levels of ALT, AST and ALP. The current study showed significant decrease at (P≤ 0.05) in the weight of (body, heart and kidney), and the acidophil, RBCs, SUMMARY

تاثير السستانون وزيت السمسم على بعض الجوانب الفسلجية والنسجية المرضية في ذكور الجرذان == Effect of the sustanon and sesame oil on some physiological and histopathological aspects in male rats

Author name: رشا عبد الامير عبد اللطيف
Supervisor name: علي شلش سلطان
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تقوم الدراسة الحالية الى معرفة تاثير حقن السستانون وهو من المركبات الستيرويدية البنائية وكذلك زيت السمسم على بعض الوظائف الفسيولوجية في كبد ، كلية ، خصى الجرذان والتي شملت قياس مستويات انزيمات الكبد ( SGOT , SGPT , ALP ) ، الكرياتنين , يوريا الدم والتستوستيرون والتغيرات النسجية الامراضية التي يحدثها السستانون وزيت السمسم في كل من الكبد ، الكلية ، الخصى وجلد الجرذان . تضمنت حيوانات التجربة 50 جرذا ذكرا من نوع Rattus norvegicus قسمت الى مجموعتين بالتساوي وتم تقسيم حيوانات كل مجموعة الى خمسة مجاميع فرعية ( Subgroups ) . ضمت مجاميع التجربة الاولى مجموعة السيطرة السالبة ( علفا وماء ) ، المجموعة الثانية سيطرة موجبة ( 1 مل / كغم من وزن الجسم زيت السمسم) المجموعة الثالثة سيطرة موجبة ( 2 مل / كغم من وزن الجسم زيت السمسم) المجموعة الرابعة سستانون ( 10 ملغم /كغم من وزن الجسم) ، المجموعة الخامسة سستانون ( 20 ملغم / كغم من وزن الجسم) .حقنت مجاميع حيوانات التجربة الاولى لمدة 6 اسابيع مرة واحدة اسبوعيا بالسستانون وزيت السمسم وتم سحب الدم منها ثم قتلت في نهاية الاسبوع السادس ، اما مجموعة حيوانات التجربة الثانية فقد عوملت لمدة 6 اسابيع ثم قتلت بعد اسبوعين من نهاية المعاملة بالسستانون وزيت السمسم اي في نهاية الاسبوع الثامن من التجربة . اظهرت نتائج حيوانات التجربة الاولى ارتفاعا معنويا ( P<0.05) في مستويات انزيمات الكبد (SGOT , SGPT,ALP) في المجاميع المحقونة بالسستانون ( 10 و20 ملغم / كغم من وزن الجسم ) .بينما اظهرت مجموعتي السيطرة الموجبة الثانية والثالثة ( زيت السمسم ) انخفاضا غير معنوي في مستويات انزيمات ( SGOT,SGPT ) وانخفاضا معنويا ( P<0.05) في مستوى انزيم ALP . ارتفعت مستويات الكرياتنين ويوريا الدم بصورة معنوية ( P<0.05) في المجموعتين الرابعة والخامسة ( 10 و20 ملغم / كغم سستانون ) مقارنة بالسيطرة السالبة ، بينما انخفضت قيم هذه المعايير بصورة غير معنوية في المجموعتين الثانية والثالثة (زيت السمسم ) .ارتفعت مستويات هرمون التستوستيرون معنويا ( P<0.05) في المجموعتين الرابعة والخامسة مقارنة مع السيطرة السالبة ومجموعتي السيطرة الموجبة بينما ارتفع مستوى التستوستيرون في مجموعتي السيطرة الموجبة بصورة غير معنوية. بينت نتائج حيوانات التجربة الثانية والمقتولة بعد اسبوعين من نهاية المعاملة ارتفاعا معنويا ( P<0.05) في مستوى انزيم الكبد ( SGOT) في المجموعتين الرابعة والخامسة ( 10 و20 ملغم/كغم سستانون ) مقارنة بالمجموعتين الثانية والثالثة . كذلك ارتفع مستوى انزيم ALP وSGPT معنويا ( P<0.05 ) في المجموعة الخامسة ( 20 ملغم / كغم سستانون ) مقارنة مع بقية المجاميع .انخفضت مستويات انزيمات ( SGOT,SGPT,ALP) بصورة غير معنوية في المجموعتين الثانية والثالثة والمحقونة بزيت السمسم .بينما لم تلاحظ فروقات معنوية في مستويات الكرياتنين في كافة مجاميع حيوانات التجربة الثانية ، ازداد مستوى يوريا الدم معنويا ( P<0.05) في المجموعة الخامسة ( 48.2±3.16 ملغم/ 100مل من الدم ) مقارنة بالمجموعة الثانية ( 42.4±0.93 ملغم/ 100مل من الدم) الا انه لم تلاحظ فروقات معنوية في بقية المجاميع . ارتفع مستوى التستوستيرون ( 5.14±0.35 نانوغرام / مل ) في المجموعة الرابعة (سستانون ) معنويا ( P<0.05) مقارنة ببقية المجاميع . لوحظ انخفاض معنوي ( P<0.05) في مستوى الهرمون في المجموعة الخامسة ( 0.51±0.09 نانوغرام / مل) مقارنة بالمجموعة الثالثة (زيت السمسم) ( 1.65±0.48 نانوغرام / مل) .لم تلاحظ فروقات معنوية في مستويات الهرمون في المجموعتين الثانية والثالثة مقارنة بالسيطرة السالبة . لوحظ استمرار ارتفاع مستويات انزيمات الكبد ( SGOT وSGPT) معنويا ( P<0.05) في حيوانات التجربة الثانية المقتولة في نهاية الاسبوع الثامن مقارنة بتلك المقتولة بنهاية الاسبوع السادس في المجموعة المعاملة بهرمون السستانون . لوحظ انخفاض معنوي ( P<0.05) في انزيم ALP في حيوانات التجربة الثانية مقارنة بحيوانات التجربة الاولى ، اظهرت المجموعة الثانية (زيت السمسم) ارتفاعا غير معنوي في مستوى الكرياتنين ، الا انه ارتفع معنويا ( P<0.05) في المجموعة الثالثة ( زيت السمسم) وانخفض معنويا ( P<0.05) في المجموعة الخامسة وغير معنوي في المجموعة الرابعة وكذلك لم تظهر يوريا الدم فروقات معنوية بين المجموعتين . انخفض مستوى هرمون التستوستيرون بصورة غير معنوية في مجاميع السيطرة الموجبة ( الثانية والثالثة سمسم ) وارتفع بصورة غير معنوية في المجموعة الرابعة ، الا انه انخفض معنويا ( P<0.05) في المجموعة الخامسة ( 0.51±0.09 نانوغرام / مل) مقارنة ببقية المجاميع. تميزت التغيرات النسجية المرضية في كلى ، اكباد ، خصى وجلود جرذان التجربة الاولى والثانية بما يلي : اظهرت المقاطع النسجية المرضية في كلى الجرذان المعاملة بـ 10 و20 ملغم / كغم من وزن الجسم سستانون والمقتولة في نهاية الاسبوع السادس ( تجربة اولى ) والمقتولة في نهاية الاسبوع الثامن ( تجربة ثانية ) . احتقان دموي في الكبيبات وبين النبيبات مع تنكس وتنخر الخلايا المبطنة الكلوية . اظهرت تلك المعاملة بزيت السمسم في حيوانات التجربتين الاولى والثانية الشكل الطبيعي والمتكون من الكبيبات والنبيبات الدانية والقاصية . بينت المقاطع النسجية في كبد جرذان التجربتين الاولى والثانية والمعاملة بالجرعتين 10 و20 ملغم / كغم سستانون تنخر وتنكس مع تلف الخلايا الكبدية ، احتقان دموي مع ارتشاح الخلايا الالتهاية قرب المنطقة البوابية . اظهرت المقاطع النسجية المرضية في كبد الجرذان ( التجربة الاولى والثانية ) والمعاملة بالسمسم (1مل/كغم من وزن الجسم) شكل الكبد القريب الى الطبيعي المتكون من اشرطة الخلايا الكبدية والوريد الوسطي بينما بينت بعض الخلايا الكبدية في جرذان التجربة الاولى والمعاملة بالسمسم الانقسام الخيطي ( Mitosis) مما يشير الى وجود تحفيز للخلايا الكبدية على الانقسام بوساطة زيت السمسم . اظهرت خصى الجرذان المعاملة بـ10 ملغم/كغم سستانون ( التجربة الاولى ) وجود تنخر داخل النبيبات المنوية مع وجود اعداد قليلة من الحيامن وعدم وجودها في بعض تجاويف النبيبات مقارنة بالسيطرة السالبة مع تنخر الخلايا المولدة للحيامن ( Spermatogonia) اظهرت جرعة 20 ملغم/كغم سستانون ( تجربة ثانية ) تثخن جدران النبيبات الخصوية مع استمرار التنكس فيها ( تنكس زجاجي ) مع تنخر الخلايا المولدة للحيامن . تميزت المقاطع النسجية والمعاملة بزيت السمسم في مجموعتي جرذان التجربة الاولى والثانية بالشكل الطبيعي لنسيج الخصى وباحتواء اكثر تجاويف النبيبات المنوية على اعداد كثيرة من الحيامن . بينت المقاطع النسجية المرضية في جلد جرذان التجربة الاولى ( 10 و20 ملغم /كغم سستانون ) زيادة في الغدد الدهنية في الادمة مع عدم وجود بصيلات الشعر ممايدل على تساقط الشعر مع زيادة في الغدد الدهنية تحت الادمة ووجود بصيلات فارغة وتساقط الشعر في جرذان التجربة الثانية ( 10 و20 ملغم/كغم سستانون مقارنة بالجلد الطبيعي ( السيطرة السالبة ) الذي تميز بوجود بصيلات الشعر والنسيج الضام . اظهرت المقاطع النسجية في جلد جرذان التجربتين الاولى والثانية والمعاملة بزيت السمسم (1مل/كغم من وزن الجسم ) بالشكل القريب الى الطبيعي مع احتوائه على بصيلات الشعر في منطقة الادمة باعداد لا باس بها . مع وجود اعداد كثيرة من بصيلات الشعر في منطقة الادمة في جرذان التجربة الاولى والثانية والمعاملة بزيت السمسم (2مل/كغم من وزن الجسم) .نستنتج من هذه الدراسة الى ان حقن السستانون بجرعتي (10 و20 ملغم / كغم من وزن الجسم ) في حيوانات التجربة الاولى قد ادى الى ارتفاع في مستوى انزيمات الكبد ( SGOT وSGPT ALP) في حين لوحظ في حيوانات التجربة الثانية ارتفاع انزيمي الـSGOT وSGPT وانخفاض في انزيمALP نتيجة جرح الكبد مع جرح الكلية والذي تميز بارتفاع الكرياتنين ويوريا مصل الدم .ارتفاع هرمون التستوستيرون بالجرعتين اعلاه في حيوانات التجربة الاولى في حين انخفض في حيوانات التجربة الثانية بجرعة 20 ملغم /كغم من وزن الجسم . تميزت الحيوانات المحقونة بزيت السمسم انخفاضا في مستوى هذه الانزيمات مع ارتفاع في مستوى التستوستيرون في كلا حيوانات التجربة . الامر الذي انعكس على انسجة الكبد والكلية والخصية والجلد الذي تميز بغياب بصيلات الشعر في الحيوانات المعاملة بالسستانون . | The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of sustanon (Anabolic Androgenic steroids )and sesame oil on some physiological functions of Liver , Kidney , Testes of rats , that included estimation of Liver enzymes ( SGOT , SGPT , ALP (, creatinine , blood urea and testosterone levels.The histopathological study included changes caused by sustanon and sesame oil on Liver , Kidney ,testes and skin . The experimental animals included 50 males Rattus norvegicus rats divided equally into2 groups , 1st and 2nd experimental animal groups , that divided also into 5 subgroups (negative control )( ration and water ) , second group (positive control 1 ml/kg B.W Sesame oil) ; third group ( positive control 2 ml/kg B.W Sesame oil) . Fourth group ( 10 mg/kg B.W sustanon), Fifth group ( 20 mg/kg B.W sustanon) The 1stexp.groups were injected with sustanon , sesame oil weekly for six weeks and were Killed at the end of sixth week . The animals of 2ndexp.were injected the same as in first group but were Killed at eight week. Liver enzymes ( SGOT , SGPT , ALP) in the 1stexp increased significantly (P<0.05) . The 2nd and third (sesame oil ) groups showed non significant decrease in SGOT and SGPT enzymes Levels but showed significant decrease (P<0.05) in ALP enzyme level . Creatinine and blood urea increased significantly ( P<0.05) in the 4th and 5th group in comparison with negative control group .The level of creatinine and Blood urea in second and third group decreased non significantly in comparison with negative control . Testosterone level increased significantly (p<0.05) in 4th and 5th group in comparison with negative control and two groups of positive control ,while increased non significantly in both two positive control groups ( sesame oil ). SGOT increased significantly (P<0.05) in the 4th and 5th groups of 2nd exp. animals in comparison two positive sesame control groups. The SGPT and ALP increased significantly (P<0.05) in the fifth group when compared with other groups. SGPT , SGOT and ALP decreased non significantly in the 2nd and 3rd sesame group . creatinine did not show any significant differences in all groups . at 2ndexp animals . Blood urea increased significantly (P<0.05) in 5th group ( 48.2±3.16 mg/100ml blood) in comparison with 2nd sesame group (42.4±0.93 mg/100ml blood) . The other groups showed no significancy.Testosterone level increased (5.14±0.35 ng/ml) significantly (P<0.05) in 4th group (sustanon ) in comparison with other groups . Fifth group showed significant (P<0.05) decrease in the level of Testosterone ( 0.51±0.09 ng/ml) in comparison with 3rd group ( 1.65±0.48 ng/ml) .The 2nd and 3rd groups ( sesame oil ) showed non significancy in testosterone in comparison with negative control . Rats of 2ndexp (The killed at the end of the eighth week) . showed an increase ( P<0.05) of SGOT and SGPT in comparison with Rats of 1st exp( The killed at the end of the sixth week) , while ALP showed significant decrease ( P>0.05). The 2nd group (sesame ) showed non significant increase in the level of creatinine but increased significantly (P<0.05) in the 3rd group (sesame oil ). creatinine decreased significantly (P<0.05) in the 5th group and non significantly in 4th group . Blood urea showed no significant differeneces between two exp.groups. Testosterone level decreased not significantly in 2nd and 3rd groups and increased not significantly in the 4th group.But it showed a significant decreased (P<0.05) in the 5th group (0.51±0.09 ng/ml) in comparison with other groups.Histopathological changes : The histopathological changes in the Kidneys , livers , testes and skins of Rats in experimental one and two were characterized by the following : - The renal sections in rats treated with (10 and 20 mg/kg B.W sustanon), 1st group which killed at the end of six week , and the 2nd group which killed at the end of eight week showed bloody congestion in the glomeruli and btween renal tubules ; with regenerative necrosis of endothelial cells. Sections in 2nd Exp. treated with sesame oil revealed the normal architecture of the kidney composed from glomeruli , proximal and distal tubules . Hepatic sections in two experiments ( 10 and 20 mg/kg B.W sustanon ) revealed necrosis with regenerative changes and damaged of hepatocytes ; bloody congestion with inflammatory infiltration near the portal area. Liver sections in 1st and 2ndexp .treated with sesame oil (1ml/kg B.w) showed normal Liver shape composed of hepatocytes cords and central vein , the sections in sesame oil (2ml/kg B.W) showed hepatocytes mitosis that refered to the role of sesame oil in cellular (hepatocytes) division stimulation .Testes sections in rats treated with 10 and 20 mg/kg B.W sustanon (1stExp ) showed necrosis intra testicular tubules with presence of few number of sperms ; and absence of others in luminal seminiferous tubules in comparison with control ., with spermatogonial necrosis . The dose 10 mg/kg B.W sustanon (2ndexp , showed testicular tubular necrosis , and azosperma inside the lumen in comparison with control . The dose 20 mg /kg B.W sustanon revealed thickening of the testicular tubules with continuously hyaline degeneration with spermatogonial necrosis ; the testicular sections in 2ndexp , sesame oil showed normal testicular tissue and most testicular tubules contained sperms in high numbers.The skin sections in 1stexp ( 10 , 20 mg/kg B.W sustanon ) revealed an increase in the sebaceous glands in dermis with abscent of hair follicles that refered to hair fallen with increasing sebaceous glands in hypodermis , presence of empty hair follicles and abscent of hair in 2ndexp . (10 and 20 mg/kg B.W sustanon) in comparison with normal control skin . In the 1st and 2ndexp . sesame oil (1ml/kg B.W) the skin sections revealed shape near normal and contained hair follicles in dermis that can't be neglected with high number of hair follicles in dermis of 1st and 2nd group treated with sesame oil (2ml/kg B.W) .We concluded from this study that the sustanon injection at two doses ( 10 and 20 mg/kg B.W) lead to an increase in the liver enzymes ( SGOT , SGPT and ALP) in the 1st group and an increase in the liver enzymes ( SGOT , SGPT ) and decrease in the ALP in the 2nd group due to liver injury with kidney injury that characterized by increase in the level of creatinine and serum blood urea . Testosterone was increase in the 1st group at two doses while decrease in the second group at dose 20 mg/kg B.W . The injected two groups with sesame oil showed decrease in the liver enzymes levels with testosterone increase in both experimental groups ,that reflected on the liver ; kidney; testes and skin that characterized by abscense of hair follicles in the animals treated with sustanon

التغيرات الفسلجية المرضية للجهاز المناعي في مرضى سرطان الثدي عند النساء == Physiological changes In immune system in female breast cancer

Author name: امين احمد احمد ثابت
Supervisor name: بدر محمد عباس العزاوي | هيثم عزت باقر
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: هذه الدراسة تبحث في تغيرات الفسلجة المرضية للجهاز المناعي عند الاناث المصابات بسرطان الثدي الخبيث اللاتي شخص حديثا بهن المرض ولم يتعاطين العلاج بعد اللائي ترددن على مستشفى السرطان والطب النووي في بغداد ومختبرات الصحة العامة المركزي . وقد تضمنت هذه الدراسة عدد (80) امراة , حيث كانت هناك ( 4 ) حالات فقط في المرحلة الاولى من المرضى , (32) حالة في المرحلة الثانية , (31) حالة في المرحلة الثالثة , (13) حالة كانت في المرحلة الرابعة من مرض سرطان الثدي .مستويات الواسمات الورمية المختلفة كانت قد قدرت, الواسم CA15 - 3 كان قد حددت قيمته , واظهر حساسية تقدر بـ ( 5ر27%) وتخصيصية تقدر با (8ر95%) في سرطان الثدي المعرف وكذلك في المراحل المختلفة من المرض , النتائج لهذه الدراسة كشفت عدم وجود اختلافات معنوية في مستوى CA15 - 3 في مصل المصابات بحالات ورم الثدي الحميد مقارنة بالنساء المصابات بسرطان الثدي - المرحلة الاولى ( 0.164 <P ) بينما مستوى CA15 - 3 من مصل المريضات بسرطان الثدي من المرحلتين الثالثة والرابعة كانتا اكثر ارتفاعا , وهناك ظهرت الاختلافات المعنوية القائمة بالمقارنة مع المصابين بسرطان الثدي من الدرجة الاولى والثانية ( 0.001<P) .المستضد الورمي الجنيني CEA كان اقل قدرة ادائية حيث كان ذات حساسية تقدر بـ20% وتخصصية 7ر93% من ناحية ثانية , عبر ضم هذين الواسمين خلق مدى افضل للاداء او الانجاز .مولدات مضادات الورمية اخرى اختبرت وكان لها اجمالي الدقة accuracy over all منخفضة والذي جعل استخدامها محدود في عملية تشخيص سرطان الثدي .مستويات Beta 2 microglobulin اظهرت اختلاف معنوي بين مجموعة السيطرة الاصحاء والمرضى بسرطان الثدي في المراحل المختلفة ( 0.001 >P) فوق ذلك , كانت هناك اختلافات معنوية ( 0.001 >P) بين مجموعة السيطرة الاصحاء واولئك من كانوا في المرحلة الاولى من المرضى , عبر ضم هذه الواسمات قد لوحظ تحسين افضل في الكشف عن سرطان الثدي .مستوى Ceruloplamin هو واحد من Acute phase reactant proteins , اظهر عدم وجود فروقات معنوية بين النساء السليمات وتلك المصابات بسرطان الثدي حتى المرحلة الثالثة ( P=0.269) الاختلاف كان معنوي فقط بعد الاخذ في الاعتبار المرحلة الرابعة من المرضى ( 0.002 >P) وهو المؤشر للزيادة الرئيسية الظاهرة في مستوى Ceruloplasminعند المرضى الذين كانوا في مرحلة متاخرة من الورم الخبيث .كما وقد لاحظنا ان عدد CD+ 4 cells يتناقص مع تقدم المرض ليصل الى اقل قيمة عند المرحلة الرابعة من المرض .من ناحية اخرى , التحليل الاحصائي اظهر اختلافات معنوية بين المراحل المدروسة من المرضى ( P=0.718 - 0.065 ) حيث لم تكن هناك فروقات معنوية حتى الوصول الى المرحلة الرابعة ( P=0.013) مشيرا الى ان اقصى درجة التدمير لهذه الخلايا كانت واضحة في هذه المرحلة . من جانب اخر CD8 cells اتخذت كليا التفاعل العكسي , تبدا الاقل انخفاضا عند المراحل المبكرة من المرض حتى تصل الى اعلى مستوى عند المرحلة الرابعة .مستويات Interleukines المعتمدة, كان متوسط IL - 1α في مصل مجموعة السيطرة الاصحاء اقل من الحد المعرف به في الـ Kit . خلال التحليل الاحصائي ظهرت علامة اختلاف معنوي بين المرضى في المراحل المختلفة من المرض ( P=0.032 ) . معظم القراءات كانت في اطار المستويات غير الحد المعرف به والمستوى المرتفع المفاجيء كان عند عدد قليل من المرضى نتجت في هذه الاختلافات .من جانب اخر , اظهر التحليل الاحصائي زيادة معنوية في مستويات IL - 4 بين النساء السليمات والمصابات بسرطان الثدي عند المراحل المختلفة من المرض ( 0.001>P) .تركيز IL - 6 في المصل كان ذات ارتفاع معنوي عند المصابات بسرطان الثدي مقارنة بالنساء السليمات (0.001>P) . متوسط مستويات IL - 6 المصلي كان يقارب الثلاثة اضعاف ارتفاعا عما هو عند مرضى سرطان الثدي المنتقل metastatic breast cancer ( المرحلة الرابعة ) كما قورن مع اولئك الذين كانوا في المرحلة المبكرة من المرض ( المرحلة الاولى ) , والمقدرة على التوالي بـ ( 24.02 pg/ml versus 8.45pg/ml) .كما وقد كان هناك تقدما في الزيادة المعلمة في متوسط مستوى IL - 8 في اطار المراحل المختلفة من المرض ( P=0.025) , مع ذلك العامل المنكرر في كل نتيجة على حدة متمثلا في ارتفاع مستوى القراءات , بما فيها المرحلة الرابعة من المرض .بالمثل لمستويات Immunoglobulins في المصل , كانت هناك زيادة طفيفة في مستويات المصل عند المصابات بالسرطان , والتي قد ظهرت متجاوزة قليلا عنها مما هي عند السليمات , ولكن في هذه الزيادة لم تكن هناك فروقات معنوية مميزة في كل اختبارات ذات الانماط المتساوية . | This study investigated some physiological changes of the immune system in females with malignant breast cancer that were newly diagnosed and untreated, attending The Oncology and Nuclear Medicine Hospital in Baghdad and the Central Public Health Laboratories. Of the 80 females included, only four were in stage I of the disease, 32 in stage II, 31 in stage III, and 13 in stage IV. Different tumor markers levels were evaluated in those patients. CA 15 - 3 was assessed. It showed a sensitivity of 27.5% and a specificty of 95.8% in detecting breast cancer and at different stages of the disease. The results of the study revealed no statistically significant difference in the level of CA 15 - 3 in serum of patients with benign breast conditions compared with patients with a breast cancer of stage I (p>0.164). However, serum CA 15 - 3 level in patients with a breast cancer of stages III and IV, was considerably higher and there was a significant difference as compared with patients with a breast cancer of grades I and II (p < 0.001). Carcinoembryonic antigen had lesser performance capabilites. It had a sensitivity of 20% and a specificty of 93.7%. However, by combining these two parameters better performance indices were achieved.Other tumor markers tested had low over all accuracy that limited their use in breast cancer diagnosis.Beta 2 microglobulin levels showed significant difference among the healthy control group and patients with breast cancer at different stages (P<0.001). Moreover, there was a significant difference (P<0.001) between healthy control and stage I of the disease. By combing this parameter, further improvement in detecting breast cancer could be noticed.Ceruloplasmin level, one of the acute phase reactant proteins, showed no statistically significant changes among healthy control persons and patients with breast cancer up to stage III (P=0.269). The difference was only significant after considering stage IV of the disease (P<0.002), indicating that the major increase in ceruloplasmin level occurs in patients who are at advanced stage of malignancy.We observed that the number of CD4 cells decreases with the progress of the disease reaching its lowest value at stage IV patients. However, statistical analysis showed that the differences between the studied stages (P=0.718 - 0.065) were of no statistical significance till reaching stage IV (P=0.013) indicating that the maximum reduction was in this stage. On the other hand CD8 cells follow totally opposite reaction, being lowest at early stages of the disease reaching its highest level at stage IV. Concerning interleukines levels, mean serum level of IL - 1alpha in the healthy control group was below the detection limit of the kit. Though statistical analysis showed significant difference between patients in different stages of the disease (P=0.032), most of the readings were within the undetectable levels and the occasional high level in few patients resulted in these differences.On the other hand, Statistical analysis shows significant increase in the levels of IL - 4 in patints with breast cancer at different stages of the disease in compare with healthy control group (p<0.0001).Serum IL - 6 concentration was significantly higher in patients with breast cancer compared with healthy controls (P < 0.0001). Mean IL - 6 serum levels were nearly 3 times higher in patients with metastatic breast cancer (stage IV) as compared with those with early disease (stage I) (24.02 pg/mL versus 8.45 pg/mL, respectively).There is progressive significant increase in the mean of IL - 8 level within the stages of the disease (P=0.025), though the main contributory factor in sucha result is the high level within stage IV.As for serum levels of immunoglobulins, a slight increase in the serum levels in patients with cancer appeared exceeding a little those of the healthy control but this increase was not significant in all isotypes tested.

التغيرات النسجية لتاثير اشعة الهاتف النقال في بعض اعضاء طائر السمان الياباني (Coturnix coturnix japonica) == The histological changes to the effects of mobile phone radiation in some organs of ( Coturnix coturnix japonica )

Author name: احسان فرج عبد الصاحب الحسناوي
Supervisor name: ستار عبود فارس
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية استـعمال (48) طـيـرا مـن ذكـور واناث طائر الســمان الـيابانــي Coturnix coturnix japonica، التي كانت بعمر ( 60 الى 70 ) يوما , تم الحصول على الطيور من الاسواق المحلية لمدينة سوق الشيوخ / محافظة ذي قار / العراق ، وبعد فحصها من قبل الاطباء البيطريين والتاكد من كونها سليمة وضعت الطيور معا لمدة (30 يوما) لغرض التكيف ومن ثم قسمت الطيور الى اربع مجاميع ووضعت في اقفاص خشبية بابعاد (50 × 50 سم3 ) وبواقع (12 طيرا) في كل مجموعة (6 ذكور و6 اناث) , وضعت الاقفاص في ظروف مناسبة من حيث التهوية والاضاءة ودرجة الحرارة التي بلغت من (23 - 25 مº) ، عرضت المجموعة الاولى لاشعاع الهاتف المحمول لمدة (7 ايام) , وعرضت المجموعة الثانية لمدة (30 يوم) , والمجموعة الثالثة لمدة (60 يوم) , اما المجموعة الرابعة فهي مجموعة السيطرة , وبعد انتهاء فترة التعرض شرحت الـطـيـور واسـتخـرجـت الاعـضاء الـمـراد دراسـتـها (الـخـصى ، الـمـبايـض ، الـكـبـد ، الـكـلى) . اظهرت نتائج الدراسة الحالية حصول انخفاض معنوي ( P≤0.05) في معدل اقطار النبيبات المنوية وكذلك حصول انخفاض معنوي في معدل سمك طبقة الخلايا الجرثومية في الخصى وكذلك حصول انخفاض معنوي في معدل وزن الخصى في ذكور المجاميع المعرضة لاشعاع الهاتف المحمول مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة كما اظهرت نتائج الدراسة الحالية حصول تغييرات نسجية في خصى ذكور المجاميع المعرضة لاشعاع الهاتف النقال تمثلت هذه التغيرات بحصول نقصان في اعداد الحيوانات المنوية وقلة في اعداد الخلايا المكونة للنطف ونقص في كثافة النسيج الضام الذي يفصل بين النبيبات المنوية وكذلك تحلل degeneration في النسيج الضام بين النبيبات المنوية بالاضافة الى تحلل في جدار النبيب المنوي وكذلك حصول تنخر في الظهارة النبيبية وحصول نزف دموي بين النبيبات المنوية ، واظهرت نتائج الدراسة الحالية للمبيض حصول انخفاض معنوي في معدل وزن المبيض في المجاميع المعرضة لاشعاع الهاتف النقال مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة كما اظهرت الدراسة للمبيض في اناث المجاميع المعرضة لاشعاع الهاتف النقال لمدة (30 و60 يوم) حصول تحلل في جدار المبيض وقلة في اعداد الحويصلات المبيضية وكذلك احتقان في الاوعية الدموية ونزف دموي بالاضافة الى ارتشاح الخلايا الالتهابية , كما اظهرت نتائج الدراسة للكبد في المجاميع المعرضة لاشعاع الهاتف النقال حصول توسع expansion في الجيبانيات الكبدية واحتقان congestion وتوسع في الوريد البابي المركزي وكذلك حصول تفجي vaculation في سايتوبلازم الخلايا الكبدية بالاضافة الى ارتشاح الخلايا الالتهابية وحصول نزف دموي ، كما اظهرت نتائج الدراسة الحالية ان تعرض طيور السمان الياباني لاشعاع الهاتف النقال يؤدي الى حصول انخفاض معنوي في معدل قطر الكبيبة الكلوية وارتفاع معنوي في معدل الحيز بين الكبيبة ومحفظة بومان وارتفاع معنوي في معدل قطر النبيب الكلوي عند المقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة كما اظهرت نتائج الدراسة الحالية للكلى في المجاميع المعرضة لاشعاع الهاتف النقال حصول ارتشاح infiltration للخلايا الالتهابية ونزف دموي hemorrhage وانكماش shrinkage في الكبيبات الكلوية بالاضافة الى حصول تحلل degeneration في النبيبات الكلوية . | The current study includes use (48) birds from both sexes (males , females) from Coturnix coturnix japonica . These birds were brought from the local market of Suq Al - shuyukh city / Thi - Qar province / Iraq , and then checked by veterinarians and make sure they are healthy we put them together for (30) days for adaptation and then divided the birds into four groups and put in wooden cages with dimensions 50 × 50 cm3 for 12 birds in each group (6 males and 6 females) , the cages put at organization and controlled whence ventilation , lighting and temperature ranged between (23 - 25 Cº) , the first group was exposed of mobile phone radiation for (7) days , and exposed a second group for (30) days , and the third group for (60) days , while the fourth group a control group , and after the end exposure period vivisection the birds and we extracted the organs we want study (testes , ovaries , liver , kidneys). The results of the current study showed a reduction in the rate of the seminiferous tubule diameters as well as a reduction in the rate of germ cells layer thickness in testes males mobile phone radiation - exposed aggregates compared with control group , the results of the current study also showed histological changes in testis males groups mobile phone radiation - exposed these changes were decrease in sperm counts and lack of number of cells of sperm and a decrease in density connective tissue which separates between seminiferous tubules and degenerating in connective tissue between seminiferous tubules addition to smashed in the wall of seminiferous tubule as well as epithelium necrosis and hemorrhage between seminiferous tubules , also showed the results of the current study of the ovary in females mobile phone radiation - exposed groups for (30 and 60) days smashed into the wall of the ovary and lack in numbers ovarian follicles and vascular congestion and hemorrhage in addition to infiltration of inflammatory cells , also showed the results of the current study of the liver in groups mobile phone radiation - exposed expansion in sinusoids, congestion, expansion in central vein and vaculation in hepatocytes in addition to infiltration of inflammatory cells and hemorrhage , as the results of the current study showed that exposure to radiation Japanese quail mobile phone leads to a reduction in renal glomerulus diameter rate and high rate of spread between the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule and high renal tubule diameter rate when compared to the control group and the results of the current study showed that the kidneys in mobile phone radiation - exposed aggregates infiltration of inflammatory cells, and hemorrhage shrinkage in renal glomerulus in addition to getting degenerate renal tubules .

تاثير بعض المستخلصات النباتية على مستوى سكر الدم في ذكور الجرذان السليمة والمصابة بداء السكر التجريبي == Effect of some plant extracts on blood sugar level in normal and experimentally diabetic male rats

Author name: احمد كمال محمد الامـري
Supervisor name: صالح محمد رحيم العبيدي | حسين فاضل حسن بيرقدار
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تم في هذه الدراسة اختبار فعالية المستخلصات المائية لكل من درنات نبات السعد Cyperus rotundus وسيقان واوراق نبات الجعدة Teucrium polium وثمار نبات الخروب Prosopis farcta في خفض مستويات الكلوكوز والكوليسترول والكليسيريدات الثلاثية في دم ذكور الجرذان السليمة والمصابة بداء السكر المستحدث بالالوكسان ومقارنتها مع تاثير الانسولين والكلبنكلامايد . وقد تبين ان المستخلصات المائية للسعد والجعدة والخروب ادت الى انخفاض معنوي في مستوى الكلوكوز في الجرذان السليمة والمصابة بداء السكر . وكما تشير النتائج الى ان المستخلص المائي لدرنات نبات السعد قد ادى الى انخفاض معنوي في مستوى الكوليسترول والكليسيريدات الثلاثية في حين ان المستخلص المائي لثمار نبات الخروب قد احدث انخفاض معنوي في مستوى الكليسيريدات الثلاثية فقط بينما لم يؤد المستخلص المائي لسيقان واوراق نبات الجعدة الى اي انخفاض معنوي في مستوى الكوليسترول والكليسيريدات الثلاثية في الجرذان المصابة بداء السكر . ومن ذلك يمكن الاستنتاج بان هذه المستخلصات المائية يمكن استخدامها في معالجة داء السكر بديلا عن الكلبنكلامايد بعد التاكد مستقبلا من عدم وجود اعراض جانبية لها . | In the present study the effect of aqueous extracts of Cyperus rotundus ,Teucrium polium and Prosopis farcta on the levels of blood glucose , cholesterol and triglycerides were investigated in normal and alloxan - induced diabetic rats. The results were compared with those treated with insulin and glibenclamide. The results indicated a significant decrease in glucose level in normal and diabetic rats. The aqueous extract of Cyperus rotundus produced significant decrease in cholesterol and triglyceride levels but the aqueous extract of Prosopis farcta produced significant decrease only in triglyceride levels wherease aqueous extract of Teucrium polium produced no significant decrease in cholesterol and triglyceride levels in diabetic rats. The results obtained in this study suggest that these extracts may be used for the treatment of diabetes mellitus in place of glibenclamide after be sure that there is no side effects for it. However, further studies must be done in this aspects in the future.

تنشيط النطف خارج الجسم باستخدام الاوكسيتوسين في مرضى العقم == In Vitro Sperm Activation by Oxytocin in the Infertile Patients

Author name: مكارم قاسم داود اللامي
Supervisor name: عدنان صالح الجنابي | فريال عبد المناف المهداوي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت الدراسة على ١٨۰ مريضا يعانون من وهن النطف اثناء مراجعتهم لمعهد ابحاث الاجنة وعلاج العقم / جامعة النهرين. كان الهدف الرئيس لهذه الدراسة هو استقصاء تاثير اضافة الاوكسيتوسين الى السائل المنوي للمرضى لغرض التحقق من تحسين خصائص الحركة العائدة الى النطف، وكان التركيز على هذا الهرمون بوصفه مادة طبيعية ينتجها الجسم وله وظائف معروفة غير التي هدفت اليها هذه الدراسة. اما الهدف الثانوي فهو دراسة علاقة الترابط بين قيم بعض المعايير الكيمياحياتية للمني ومستوى الهرمونات التكاثرية للمصل من جهة واختبارات وظيفة النطف من جهة اخرى.تم تحليل السائل المنوي للمرضى قبل تنشيط النطف، ومن ثم تم تقسيم المرضى الى ثلاث مجاميع رئيسة متساوية. جمعت عينات الدم من مرضى المجموعة الاخيرة لغرض تعيين مستوى الهرمونات التكاثرية الاربعة في المصل وهى : التيستوستيرون، البرولاكتين، الهرمون اللوتيني، والهرمون المحفز للجريب. كذلك تم قياس مستوى بعض المعايير الكيمياحياتية للسائل المنوي لمرضى هذه المجموعة والتي تضمنت : البروتين الكلي، الكوليستيرول، الكالسيوم، انزيم الكرياتين كاينيز، والفركتوز.استخدمت طريقتان لتنشيط النطف خارج الجسم in vitro وهما : الطريقة المباشرة (باستخدام مزيج الاوكسيتوسين ووسط تحضير النطف) والطريقة غير المباشرة (باستخدام التقنية الطباقية البسيطة) وبتطبيق ثلاثة تراكيز من الاوكسيتوسين وهي : ۲،٤، و٦ وحدة دولية/مل لاختيار التركيز الاكثر تاثيرا على اختبارات وظيفة النطف. اظهرت نتائج الطريقة غير المباشرة حدوث تحسن معنوي ملحوظ (P<0.001) في النسبة المئوية للنطف المتحركة ودرجة نشاط النطف عند التركيز۲ وحدة دولية/مل مقارنة مع عينات السيطرة. وقد كان هناك ميلا الى تناقص درجة نشاط النطف مع زيادة تركيز الاوكسيتوسين. اما نتائج الطريقة المباشرة فقد اظهرت حدوث زيادة معنوية (P<0.05) في درجة نشاط النطف وقد كان هناك ايضا ميلا الى تناقص معيار الحركة هذا مع زيادة تركيز الاوكسيتوسين. بناء على هذه النتائج، تم استعمال التركيز۲ وحدة دولية/مل للاوكسيتوسين مع تطبيق الطريقتين المباشرة وغير المباشرة وذلك في حالتين هما وجود وسط تحضير النطف وعدم وجوده. اظهرت حصيلة الطريقة غير المباشرة لتنشيط النطف وعند وجود وسط تحضير النطف زيادة معنوية ملحوظة (P<0.001) في خصائص الحركة (النسبة المئوية للنطف المتحركة ودرجة نشاط النطف) في كلا المجموعتين (المعاملة بالاوكسيتوسين ومجموعة السيطرة) مقارنة مع قيم ما قبل التنشيط. اما مقارنة المجموعتين معا فقد اظهرت بان افضل تحسن معنوي ملحوظ ((P<0.001 في خصائص الحركة كان في المجموعة المعاملة. عند غياب وسط تحضير النطف كان هنالك تحسنا معنويا (P<0.05) في خصائص الحركة في المجموعة المعاملة فقط مقارنة مع قيم ما قبل التنشيط . عند تطبيق الطريقة المباشرة كانت النتائج مماثلة لما حدث عند تطبيق الطريقة غير المباشرة في حالة وجود وسط تحضير النطف. اما عند غياب وسط تحضير النطف لم يحدث اي تغيير معنوي (P>0.05) في تلك المعايير بعد فترة الحضانة. واظهرت النتائج ايضا بان هناك استجابات محفزة بالاوكسيتوسين (رغم انها غير معنوية) في تلك المعايير مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة. تشير جميع هذه النتائج الى التاثير المحفز للاوكسيتوسين عند التركيز۲ وحدة دولية/مل على خصائص حركة النطف، كذلك فان استعمال وسط تحضير النطف ادى الى دعم ذلك التاثير.تم تقييم علاقة الترابط بين المعايير الكيمياحياتية لبلازما المني ومعايير المني، وقد اشارت النتائج الى وجود ترابط موجب وبشكل معنوي (r = +0.29, P<0.05) بين مستوى الكوليستيرول وتركيز النطف، وبين مستوى الكالسيوم وكل من النسبة المئوية للنطف المتحركة (r = +0.27, P<0.05) ودرجة نشاط النطف(r = +0.37, P<0.05) . بينما كان هناك ترابط سالب وبشكل معنوي بين مستوى الفركتوز من جهة وكل من تركيز النطف - 0.41, P<0.001) (r =، النسبة المئوية للنطف المتحركة (r = - 0.28, P<0.05) ، ودرجة نشاط النطف (r = - 0.32, P<0.05) من جهة اخرى.عند مقارنة مستوى هذه المعايير الكيمياحياتية بين المجموعة المعاملة بالاوكسيتوسين ومجموعة السيطرة، كان واضحا بان الاوكسيتوسين ربما يكون سببا في فقدان الكوليستيرول من الغشاء البلازمي للنطف وبالتالي زيادة مستواه وبشكل معنوي ملحوظ ((P<0.001 في الوسط الخارجي. كذلك فان الاوكسيتوسين ربما ادى الى تحوير نقل الكالسيوم عبر الغشاء البلازمي وبالنتيجة زيادة تركيز الكالسيوم داخل الخلية وانخفاض مستواه وبشكل معنوي ملحوظ ((P<0.001 في الوسط الخارجي. بالاضافة الى الانخفاض المعنوي الملحوظ ((P<0.001 في مستوى الفركتوز في الوسط الخارجي والذي يشير الى استخدامه المتزايد من قبل النطف بسبب تنشيط الحركة.اظهرت نتائج فحوصات الهرمونات التكاثرية ارتفاعا معنويا ملحوظا ((P<0.001 في مستوىالبرولاكتين وانخفاضا معنويا (P<0.05)في مستوى الهرمون اللوتيني في الحالات المدروسة عند المقارنة مع القيم الطبيعية. وجدت علاقة ترابط سالبة وبشكل معنوي (r = - 0.29, P<0.05) بين مستوى برولاكتين المصل وتركيز النطف، وقد وجدت علاقة مشابهة ايضا (r = - 0.28, P<0.05) بين مستوى الهرمون المحفز للجريب في المصل وتركيز النطف.

مستويات الاديبونكتين والابلين والهرمونات الاخرى والمعايير الدموية اثناء الحمل وفي مرضى متلازمة المبيض متعدد الاكياس == Adiponectin, Apelin and other Hormones Levels and Blood Indices during Pregnancy and in Patients with Polycystic Ovaries Syndrome

Author name: هناء سلمان كاظم
Supervisor name: طه جاسم الطه | علي فالح الاسدي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The present study aimed to determine the levels of adiponectin and apelin and their relations with all parameters. Investigation in the present study included; hormones, lipid profile, liver enzymes activity and haematological profile in groups of Iraqi Basrah pregnant women during different months of pregnancy and to correlate these levels to maternal age, Body Mass Index, excepted parity and sex of fetuses and correlated with level of adiponectin and apelin hormones only and the results were compared with non - pregnant females as control group. The present study included (180) women ranging from 20 - 40 years old, out of them (70) pregnant and (20) non - pregnant women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOs), and (90) females non - pregnant were considered as control group. The pregnant women attended the obsteric units in the general state hospitals in Basra Governorate. They are as follows : Al - Basra General Hospital for Maternity and Childhood, Al - Mawane, Al - Fayha’a and Basra General Hospital which drain most patients from urban and rural areas. None of the selected women suffered from any type of disease. Required data were collected by the researcher depending on direct interview with women before being admitted to the study, using a questionnaire including information on age, parity, month of pregnancy, and geographical area..The Women were divided into two age group (≤ 27 and ≥28 years). Moreover, females were also divided according to BMI into normal (≤ 25), over weight (25 - 30) and Obese (≥30).The month of gestation was determined not only from the date of the women’s last menstruation (LMP) but also according to the ultrasonic reports that pregnant women had. Blood samples (10 ml) were taken from pregnant women at the end of each month of pregnancy and from control group as well as from women with PCOs. Each blood sample was divided into EDTA tube (2 ml) which was used for complete hematological picture study (RBC, Hb, PCV, PLT, WBCs count and WBCs differential count) and the plain tube (8 ml) where the serum was obtained, for biochemical study (Adiponectin, Apelin, testosterone, Progesterone, estradiol, follicular stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, insulin, lipid profile and liver enzymes).The results indicated that maternal age had no significant effect on the level of adiponectin, apelin, FSH and LH hormones, while the study showed a significantly effect on level of progesterone, estradiol, testosterone and insulin hormones between pregnant and non - pregnant women. Adiponectin levels decreased in pregnant and non - pregnant females with increased body mass index whereas apelin, estradiol, progesterone and insulin levels increased. When the comparison between pregnant and non - pregnant women was done, a decrease in adiponectin and apelin was noticed. Accompanied by an increase in the level of estradiol, testosterone, progesterone and insulin hormones in pregnant women compared to non - pregnant women.Women with PCOs showed low levels of both Adiponectin and apelin with high levels of Testosterone and Insulin.Results also revealed that age had no effect on total cholesterol, triglycerides, and HDL, in both pregnant and non - pregnant females, but when the BMI was taken in consideration, high levels of these parameters were found in - group of BMI (obese). In addition, the present study showed that age had no effect on liver enzymes (AST and ALT) while ALP showed that the behavior increased up as a different high body mass index in pregnant women, in comparison with the control group. However, ALP activity also increased in high BMI group.Hematological study showed that age had no effect on RBC, Platelets, and hematocrit. Similar results were found when BMI was taken in consideration. Total WBCs showed a non - significant increase in pregnant women as compared with the control group. Adiponectin levels were significantly higher in pregnant females carrying female fetuses compared to those with male fetuses, while the other hormone apelin did not differ between the two groups. The Result of the present study revealed that adiponectin was significantly decreased as apelin was significantly increased with the increased parity.

تاثير هرمون الثايروكسين على بعض المعايير الوظيفية للدم وبعض الجينات المنظمة لتمايز النسيج العظمي في الفئران المختبريةmusculus L. Mus. == Effect of Thyroxine hormone on some of physiological parameters of blood and some regular genes of bone differentiation in Laboratory Mice Mus musculus L.

Author name: سلمى سعيد عباس
Supervisor name: سامي جبر المالكي | علي عبد اللطيف العلي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت الدراسة الحالية لمعرفة تاثير هرمون الثايروكسين على تمايز العظم وبعض المعايير الفسلجية والتي شملت المعايير الدموية والهرمونات المحرضة للقند واوزان واطوال الاجنة واوزان المواليد في الفئران المختبرية البيضاء Mus musculus L.,اذ قسمت اناث الفئران المختبرية في الدراسة الحالية على مجموعتين هما : المجموعة الاولى الرئيسية : لدراسة تاثير هرمون الثايروكسين L.Thyroxine hormone على المعايير الدموية للاناث الحوامل وغير الحوامل وعلى تمايز العظم في الاجنة(باستخدام طريقة تحضير المقاطع النسجية الاعتيادية للاجنة والطريقة الجزيئية باستخلاص المادة الوراثية (RNA) من الاجنة وباستخدام تقنية النسخ العكسي RT - PCR والبلمرة الكمية qRT - PCR ومعرفة تاثيره على اوزان المواليد والاجنة, وتالفت من 90 انثى بالغة بعمر(10 - 12)اسبوع وقسمت على مجموعتين ثانوية ,و هي مجموعة السيطرة والتي حقنت حيواناتها بـ 0.1 مل من المحلول الفسيولوجي0.9% ولمدة 10 ايام متتالية.بينما المجموعة المعاملة حقنت حيواناتها بـ0.1 مل من هرمون الثايروكسين وبجرعة مقدارها 0.5 ملغم /كغم/يوم ولمدة 10 ايام يوميا بعدها شرحت 5 اناث من كلا المجموعتين ,و زوجت 40 انثى المتبقية ولكلا المجموعتين مع الاستمرار بالحقن لحين تشريح الاناث واستخراج الاجنة خلال فترات عمرية متباينة (9و10و11و12و13و14و15) يوم.اما المجموعة الثانية الرئيسية خصصت لدراسة تاثير هرمون الثايروكسين على الهرمونات المحرضة للقند وهرمونات الدرقية وانزيم Alkaline phosphatase.وتتالف من 15 انثى وقسمت على ثلاث مجاميع ثانوية تضم كل منها (5) اناث, وهذه المجاميع هي : مجموعة السيطرة وحقنت بـ0.1 مل من المحلول الفسيولوجي 0.9%.ومجموعة المعاملة الاولى وحقنت بـ0.1 مل من محلول هرمون الثايروكسين وبجرعة 0.5 ملغ/كغم/يوميا ولمدة 15 يوم للاناث العذارى قبل التزاوج.ومجموعة المعاملة الثانية حقنت بـ0.1 مل من محلول هرمون الثايروكسين وبجرعة 0.5 ملغ/كغم/يوميا ولمدة 30 يوم . اظهرت نتائج الدراسة الحالية ان المعايير الدموية قد تباينت قيمها خلال الفترات الزمنية وللمجموعات ضمن المدى الطبيعي عدا في حالات قليلة ,اذ وجد هناك انخفاض معنوي في اعداد خلايا الدم البيض والخلايا الحبيبية والخلايا الوحيدة والخلايا اللمفية والنسب المئوية للخلايا الحبيبية والوحيدة واللمفية واعداد كريات الدم الحمر,وكذلك قيم مستوى كمية الهيموكلوبينHb والنسب المئوية لحجم الدم المضغوط PCV(HCT)% ومعدل كمية الهيموكلوبين MCHومعدل تركيز الهيموكلوبينMCHC ومعدل حجم كريات الدم الحمرMCV والصفيحات الدموية PLT في فترات متباينة من الحمل للمجموعة المعاملة مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة. وبينت النتائج وجود زيادة معنوية في خلايا الدم البيض والخلايا الحبيبية والخلايا الوحيدة والخلايا اللمفية والنسب المئوية للخلايا الحبيبية والوحيدة واللمفية, ومعدل تركيز الهيموكلوبينMCHC والنسبة المئوية لحجم الدم المضغوط %HCT ومعدل حجم كريات الدم الحمر MCVو الصفيحات الدميةPLT في مدد متباينة من الحمل للمجموعة المعاملة مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة. وسجلت نتائج الدراسة الحالية حصول ارتفاع معنوي في قيم هرموني T4,T3في الحيوانات المعاملة مع انخفاض معنوي في تركيز هرمون TSHفي الاناث المعاملة مقارنة مع السيطرة,و اوضحت النتائج ايضا انخفاضا معنويا في مستوى الهرمون اللوتيني LH وهرمون الحليب وللمجموعتين(15و30) يوم وزيادة معنوية في الهرمون المحفز للجريبات FSHللمجموعة الثانية(30 يوما) ,مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة, ولايوجد تاثير معنوي لهرمون الثايروكسين على هرمون الشحمون الخصوي ولنفس الفترتين مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة, وحصلت زيادة معنوية في مستوى انزيم الفوسفاتيز القاعدي بعد 30 يوما من الحقن بهرمون الثايروكسين مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة ,وحصول انخفاض في اوزان الاجنة بعمر 15يوما والمواليد للاناث المعاملة مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة , وبينت الدراسة زيادة معنوية في اطوال الاجنة المعاملة بعمر 9 و10و11و15يوما مقارنة مع مجموعة السيطرة. اما الدراسة النسجية فقد بينت ان الهيكل العظمي في الاجنة بعمر 9و10و11 يوما عبارة عن بداءات اعضاء تتكون من نسيج ميزنكيمي,ولم تسجل الدراسة النسجية وجود فرق بين مجموعة السيطرة والمعاملة في تمايز العظم .وظهرت بداية التعظم الغشائي والغضروفي في الاجنة بعمر12يوما ,اذ لوحظ بداية تمايز الخلايا الميزنكيمية الى ارومات عظمية,مع وجود القليل من المادة البينية الشبيهة بالعظم بين الارومات العظمية في منطقة الفك السفلي قرب غضروف ميكل ,والفك العلوي والعظم الحنكي واللامي وغضاريف الاضلاع ,اما في الاجنة بعمر13 و14و15يوما فقد ازدادت عمليات تمايز العظم بنوعية ,فاضافة الى النمو الذي حصل في العظام السابقة في تكوينها فقد ظهرت عظام جديدة في مناطق اخرى من هيكل الجنين تمثلت بعظام الصفيحة القاعدية والفخذ وحزام الكتف وحزام الحوض والاضلاع ,اما النتائج الجزيئية الخاصة بتمايز النسيج العظمي في اجنة الفئران المختبرية فقد اشارت الى التعبير الجيني لبعض جينات النسيج العظمي وتشمل Runx2وOSX وOsteo(OSC) وSialo(BSP) والتي بلغت ذروتها في مرحلة (13) يوم. ان لهرمون الثايروكسين تاثير على التعبير الجيني لبعض الجينات التي ترتبط مع التمايز النسجي للعظم اذ يؤدي هذا الى التغير في التعبير الجيني زيادة احيانا وانخفاضا خلال المدد العمرية المختلفة للاجنة .نستنتج من الدراسة الحالية ان زيادة مستوى هرمون الثايروكسين يسبب اضطراب في المعايير الدموية والتعبير الجيني لجينات العظم وانخفاض مستوى الهرمونات المحرضة للقند (LH وProlactin) وزيادة مستوى الهرمون المحفز للجريبات, وتعد هذه الدراسة الاولى على مستوى جامعة البصرة | the present study was performed to know the effect of thyroxine hormone on differentiation of bone tissue and some of physiological parameters, which included blood parameters and Gonadotropine hormones and Weights and Lengths and birth weight of mus musculus L.the females are divided into two groups ;the main first group which included 90 adult females (10 - 12)week, that subjected to study effect of thyroxine hormone on blood parameters of pregnant , nonpregnant females ,and bone differentiation of embryos (by using tissue sections method and molecular technique by RT PCR , and qRT PCR), and also known it is effect on weight of fetus and newborns; this group was also subdivided into two secondary subgroup : - control group ; was injected with 0.1 ml of normal saline (0.9%) for 10 consecutive days ,and treated group; was injected with 0.1 ml of thyroxine hormone (0.5mg/kg/day) for 10 consecutive days ,after that, 5 females from both groups were anatomized,while 40 females were mated of the both groups with continuous of injection until the females were subjected to anatomical practices and then the the embryo were taken during varied peroids (9,10,11,12,13,14,15) day. The main second group which included 15 females ,was selected to study the effect of thyroxine hormone on ;sexual hormone ,thyroid hormone and alkaline phosphatase . this group was divided into another 3 subgroups,one regarded as control group which ; was injected with 0.1 ml of normal saline (0.9%) for 15 consecutive days.and second the first treated group (T1) ; was injected with 0.1 ml of thyroxine hormone (0.5mg/kg/day) for 15 consecutive days ,and without mating of the females,and the second treated group ; (T2);was injected with 0.1 ml of thyroxine hormone (0.5mg/kg/day) for 30 consecutive days and also without mating of the females. Results of the present study were shown that the blood parameters were varied in value between periods and groups (decreasing and increasing among normal value ) with exception in few cases , significant decrease of W.B.C , the granular cells ,monocytes, lymphocytes ,lymphocytes percentage ,granulocytes percentage and monocytes percentage during different periods of pregnancy in the treated animals compared with control , and was decreased RBC ,Hb ,HCT percentage ,MCH ,MHCH ,MCV, and PLT in varied periods , and we noticed a significant increase in WBC ,granular cells ,monocytes ,lymphocytes , granulocytes percentage , monocytes percentage , MCHC ,HCT percentage,MCV, and PLT in varied periods of pregnancy in the treated animals compared with control. Our study was exhibited significant increase in levels of T3 and T4 hormones of the treated animals compared with control, with significant decrease in TSH of treated animals , also significant decrease in LH and prolactin H and for groups(15 and 30 days) ,and significant increasing in FSH of second group (30 day) ,when compared with the control , and there was no effect of thyroxine on TEST H level and for 2 periods(15 and 30) , significant increasing in alkaline pho after 30 days from injection with TH H , decreased of body weight of embryos (15 days) and newborns of the treated females ,the current study showed significant increase of lengths of treated embryos (9,10,11,15 days). The histological study was explained the skeletal tissue ossification of embryos during (9,10,11)day post gestation was primitive organs of mesenchymal tissue and The histological study was not show asignificant differences of bone differentiation between treated and control groups,and intramemberaneous ossification was appeared of embryos at 12 days ,in this stage the begining of differentiation of mesenchyme cells was appeared into osteoblast , with a little of matrix like bone between osteoblasts in Mandible near the meckle cartilage , Maxilla, Palatine,and Hyoid, and endochondral ossification as in Ribs, where in embryos (13,14,and 15) The bone differentiation processes were increased of bone (the intramembranous ossification and endochondral ossification),in addition to the growth of previously formed bones,also new bones were appeared in different areas in embryo skeleton like Basal plate,femur,Scapula girdle , pelvis girdle and the Ribs . In other hand, the molecular results of bone differentiation in embryo ,were exhibited peak of expression of some of the genes of bone tissue (Runx2 ,OSX, Osteo(OSC) ,and Sialo(BSP) ) at 13 days of embryo age, also the thyroxine hormone was effected in expression of some the bone genes that included disturbanceas like increasing of expression during peroids and decreasing in other peroids of embryos life. We concluded from the present study that the increase of thyroxine hormone level caused disturbances of blood parameters and gene expression of the bone genes & decreasing of the level of LH & prolactin hormones and increase the level of FSH. This is the first study on the Basrah University

دراسة فسلجية وكيموحيوية ونسيجية لمرضى ابيضاض الدم اللمفاوي الحاد غير الوراثي في محافظة كربلاء المقدسة

Author name: همام علي هادي
Supervisor name: ستار جاسم حتروش | رشا حسن جاسم
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: The rate of cancer infection has increased with a clear rise in the incidence of leukemia in Iraq's common diseases in 2017, which was the seventh place in 1989, as follows. Generally, about 10 among 100,000 people are infected with leukemia, male have the biggest ratio between the patients with leukemia, finally, Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia is increased at patients with 3 to 7 years old. During the period from the beginning of February 2016 to the first week of 2017 in the Center of Oncology of Hematology in the medical city of Hussein in Karbala', 30 patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia their age were ranged from 2 - 13 years old (19 male and 11 female), without familiar history with cancerous disease. The samples were collected before treatment with chemotherapy, and they were follow - up during the stages of treatment. The control group included 30 samples ranging from 1 - 13 years (18 males and 12 females) Numerous biochemical and histological parameters were assessed in the samples of study patients before and after receiving treatment and the recorded results were compared to the control group. The results of the study showed significant results (p<0.05) at the levels of CLEC4E, MDA, Ceruloplasmin Oxidase Concentration and EOP in the group of animals with acute lymphocytic leukemia before receiving treatment compared to healthy individuals. The current study showed decreased concentrations of CLEC4E, Ceruloplasmin Oxidase Concentration, Ceruloplasmin Oxidase Concentration and Ceruloplasmin Oxidase Activity, while EOP levels increased after chemotherapy, while MDA remained at an unrecognized level at diagnosis. The study showed significant differences (p=0.000) when elevating a number of blood parameters, WBC level and Ferritin concentration. When the stud recorded statistically significant rise in the level of platelets and Hb concentration before chemotherapy. At diagnosis, the present study showed a significant difference (p<0.05) in Fe, Cu, Zn and Ni levels in the patients group, before treatment. However, statistical analysis of trace elements in the sera of patients after treatment didn’t show significant differ than their levels at diagnosis. The study the effect of acute lymphocytic leukemia in the function of kidney showed significant increase in the levels of ANP and Urea in sera of patient samples as well as levels of urinary microalbumin comparison to control group levels, contrast to that, Creatinin levels showed significant (p=0.001) decrease in serum of patients group. Comparative study showed that there were statistically significant differences (p=0.000) of ANP, Urea, Creatinin, Uric Acid, and Microalbumin in patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia after receiving chemotherapy compared to healthy peers.In order to evaluate liver function, GOT and GPT levels as well as STP levels in patients with leukemia were observed within the range recorded in healthy individuals. On the other hand, the current study showed a rise in the levels of ALP enzyme in patients exceeded twice that recorded in the group of healthy children. After receiving chemotherapy, the study showed a significant increase (p=0.000) for GOT, GPT and ALP levels for the group of patients compared to healthy individuals, a significant decrease (p=0.000) of STP levels in the group of patients compared to healthy patients. The study identified many differences between patients and healthy males as well as between infected and healthy females at the level of implicit comparisons between the two groups at diagnosis and after treatment, as shown in the table below which summarizes the relationship between patients of both ganders with their healthy peers. The current study showed statistically significant statistically associations, the clearest among them was recorded when CLEC4E correlated to EOP, which were positive in 100% of the study samples at diagnosis and negative in the same samples after receiving chemotherapy. The results of the study showed that 80% of children with acute lymphocytic leukemia were with type 1, L1, 17% of type 2, L2 and 3% of the third type L3, the promise of the first type has a good outcome of the disease as the response is good for treatment and go through recovery after treatment.

تاثير حقن بيض التفقيس بفيتامين A وE وD3 وخليطهم في بعض الصفات الانتاجية والفسلجية والسلوكية لطائر السمان الياباني (Coturnix japonica) == Effect Of In Ovo Injection of Vitamin A , E , D3 and AD3E on some Productive , Physiological and Behavioral Traits of Japanese Quail )Coturnix japonica)

Author name: صلاح مهدي كاطع سلمان
Supervisor name: طارق فرج شوكت | قصي موسى جعفر
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The study was conducted in the Animal Production field which belong to the Technical College - AL - Massaiab - AL - Furat AL - Awsat University which included two experiments the first was during 4/3/2014 until 22/3/2014, the second was during 22/3/2014 until 10/8/2014 and the to investigate the effect of injection of japanese quail eggs A,E,D3 and AD3E Vitamins on some productive , reproduction, physiological , behavioral and hematological traits .A total number of 720 eggs were used in the experiment ,those eggs were randomly distributed into six treatments , 120 egg in each treatment . The eggs were injected before the first day of incubation in the air sac by vitamins. Treatments were arranged as fallow : T1 : Negative control treatment .T2 : Positive control treatment , it included injection of 50 microliter of corn oil for each egg.T3 : It included injection of 50 microliter per egg by vitamin A (100 IU/egg).T4 : It included injection of 50 microliter per egg by vitamin E (15 IU/egg).T5 : : It included injection of 50 microliter per egg by vitamin D3 (100 IU/egg).T6 : : It included injection of 50 microliter per egg with the blend of AD3E vitamins by the same concentration per egg.The most important results recorded in the first experiment were high significant increased (P≤0.05) of hatchability of fertile egg and post chick weight but not effect significant on embryo mortalities during embryogenesis .The second experiment included rearing of the post hatched chicks of the first experiment in wooden dataries , chicks were all randomly allocated inSummarybto three replicates for each treatment (17 chick / replicate) to study productive , reproductive , physiological, behavioral , histological , biochemical and hematological traits for Japanese quail.Results illustrated the followings : 1 - A significant increase (P≤0.05) of productive traits in treatments of injection (body weight , weight gain , feed utilization , feed conversion ratio ) and find significant increase egg production , egg weights and mass as well as shell characteristics (egg shell weigh and thickness ) in Treatments (T5 , T6 ) comparisons with the negative and positive control treatments .2 - A significant effect (P≤0.05) on early maturation for males and females in treatments of vitamins injection , more over there were a significant increase of their body weights during maturation and early behavioral jumping with a significant surpass of cloaca area in comparison with males in control treatments.3 - A significant increase (P≤0.05) of relative weights of testes in males of all ages in injection treatments with a significant increase of seminal tubules diameters and thickness of germinal layer of testes during 28 and 47 days in comparison with that of the negative and positive controls.4 - A significant increase (P≤0.05) of relative weights of ovaries with an increase of the primary follicle diameter in females of injection treatments during 28 , 47 and 69 days in comparison with that of the control .5 - A significant increase (P≤0.05) of relative weight of fabricia gland and spleen for both sexes of birds in injection treatments , more over the interaction between vitamins injection and sex was significant in all ages.6 - A significant increase (P≤0.05) of PCV in injection treatment , moreover the PCV was increased in females at 28 and 47 days, the interaction between vitamins injection and sex was significant in all ages .7 - No significant increase (P≤0.05) was noticed in Hb of injection treatments at 28 but there were a significant increase (P<0.05) in 47 days in vitamins injection treatments and there was a significant increase (P≤0.05) of Hb in 69 days in the sixth treatment in comparison with the control treatments, and it was numerical on other treatments ( 3rd, 4th and 5th) there was no interaction between vitamins injection and sex at 28 days but the interaction was significant in at 47 and 69 days .8 - There were no significant increase (P≤0.05) of RBC in injection treatments at 28 days but it was significant at 47 days in the third and sixth treatments , at 69 days there was a significant increase of RBC in injection treatment as compared with the control treatments , the interaction between injection of vitamins with sex was not significant at 28 days but it was significant at 69 days .9 - There were no significant effect (P≤0.05) in WBC in vitamins injection at 28 , 47 , 69 days as compared with the control treatments moreover there was no significant interaction between injection treatment and sex.10 - There were significant increase (P≤0.05) in LH , FSH and testosterone levels in serum of vitamins injection treatment for both sexes , the interaction between treatment sex was significant in all ages .11 - There were a significant surpass (P≤0.05) of total protein level in injection treatments at all ages as compared with the control treatments and the interaction between treatments and sex was significant at all ages . glucose and cholesterol level were not affected according to the treatment but females were significant surpasses on males at all ages . The interaction between treatment and sex was not significant at all ages12 - There were a significant surpass (P≤0.05) of Ca and P in injection treatment at all ages as compared with control treatments , the interaction between treatment and sex for Ca and P level was significant at all ages .13 - The study revealed no significant improvement in concentration Ca , P and ash in tibia bone , weight and length of thigh for both sexes in injection treatment at all ages .

تاثير المعاملة بهرمون Kisspeptin وGnRH وhCG في الاداء التناسلي لذكور واناث الماعز القبرصي خارج الموسم التناسلي == Effect of Hormonal Treatmeant With Kisspeptin, Gnrh And Hcg on The Reproductive Performance of Cyprus Bucks And Does In Non - Breeding Season

Author name: معد حساني محمود العامري
Supervisor name: طلال انور عبد الكريم | احمد علاء الدين طه العاني
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: صممت هذه الدراسة لبيان تاثير المعاملة بهرمون Kisspeptin وGnRH وhCG في الاداء التناسلي لذكور واناث الماعز القبرصي خارج موسم التناسل. اجريت هذه الدراسة في محطة ابحاث المجترات التابعة لدائرة البحوث الزراعية / وزارة الزراعة - ابو غريب/ بغداد (دائرة عرض 33 20' | This study was designed to demonstrate the influence of Kisspeptin, GnRH and hCG on the reproductive performance of Cyprus bucks and does in non - breeding season. This study was executed at the Ruminant Researches Station pertaining to the Directorate of

تاثير استخدام مستويات مختلفة من المعزز الحيوي العراقي الذائب بالماء في الاداء الانتاجي وبعض الصفات الفسلجية لفروج اللحم == Effect of Adding Different Levels of Soluble Iraqi Probiotic on Production Performance And Some Physiological Parameters of Broiler Chickens

Author name: مصطفى وليد طه
Supervisor name: بشير طه العمر التكريتي
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة في الحقل التابع لقسم الثروة الحيوانية في كلية الزراعة - جامعة تكريت للمدة من (6/10/2011) ولغاية (14/11/2011) وذلك بهدف التعرف على تاثير اضافة ثلاثة مستويات مختلفة من المعزز الحيوي العراقي الذائب بالماء (Iraqi Soluble Probiotic) والمتكو | This study was carried out at the poultry farm of Animal production department, College of Agriculture, University of Tikrit during the period from (10.06.2011) to (14/11/2011) in order to identify the effect of addition of three different levels of (Iraq

تاثير توحيد الاباضة ببرنامج OvSynch وبعض المعاملات الهرمونية بعد التلقيح على الهلاكات الجنينية المبكرة لدى ابقار الهولشتاين == Effect of Ovulation Synchronization With Ovsynch Program And Some Post - Mating Hormonal Treatments on Embryonic Mortality In Holstein Cows

Author name: اثير سعد محسن الجشعمي
Supervisor name: ساجدة مهدي عيدان
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة بهدف معرفة تاثير المعاملة بهرموني GnRH وhCG عند اليوم 12 بعد التلقيح لدى الابقار الهولشتاين الخاضعة وغير الخاضعة لبرنامج OvSynch في الاداء التناسلي ومستوى هرمون البروجستيرون وبعض معايير الدم الكيموحيوية. اشتملت الدراسة 61 بقرة قسمت عشوائ | This study was undertaken to investigate the effect of 12 days post - mating (PM) GnRH and hCG administration on reproductive performance, plasma progesterone concentrations and some blood biochemical parameters of Holstein cows subjected and non - subjec

التغيرات الموسمية في الاعضاء التناسلية والخلايا الجنسية الاولية والهرمونات لدى الماعز المحلي == Seasonal Changes In The Gonads, Primary Germ Cells And Hormones of Local Goats

Author name: علي شهاب احمد
Supervisor name: عبد الكريم عبد الرضا هوبي | حيدر عبد الرسول جعفر
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة على الحيوانات المذبوحة التي جمعت من مجزرة المقدادية كمصدر للحصول على مبايض وخصى الماعز المحلي الاسود البالغة جنسيا بعمر1 - 2 سنة وتم التاكد من ذلك عن طريق فحص الاسنان. تم جمع النماذج بمعدل 10 خصى و10 مبياض في منتصف كل شهر من اشهر السنة ا | The testes and ovaries samples were harvested from local slaughtered of local black goats in Almqudadia carnage. Goats about 1 - 2 years estimated by data examination. The samples were 10 testes and 10 ovaries of each month, starting from 15 July 2012 t

تاثير اضافة مستويات وتوليفات مختلفة من زيت الثوم والبصل ولفترات مختلفة الى العلائق في الاداء الانتاجي والفسلجي لفروج اللحم == Effect of Levels And Different Combinations of Oil, Garlic, onions And Different Periods In The Diets And Productive Performance And Physiological of Broiler Chickens

Author name: فراس محمود عبد اللطيف الجبوري
Supervisor name: عيسى حسين المشهداني | شليمون حنا ججو
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت ثلاث تجارب في محطة ابحاث الدواجن التابعة لدائرة البحوث الزراعية احدى تشكيلات وزارة الزراعة لدراسة اضافة مستويات وتوليفات وباوقات مختلفة من زيت الثوم او البصل وتاثيراتها في الاداء الانتاجي والفسلجي لفروج اللحم.التجربة الاولى وزعت (1155) فرخا (Cobb | Three experiment was conducted at the Poultry farm, Poultry Research Station, State Board of Agriculture Research, Ministry of Agriculture To study the effect of supplementation of different levels and combination of garlic and onion essential oil to the

تاثير استخدام مستويات مختلفة من بذور الكتان في الاداء التناسلي والفسلجي في النعاج العواسية التركية == Effect of Using Different Levels of Flaxseed on Reproductive And Physiological Performance In Awassi Turkish Ewes

Author name: فراس احمد محمود غيلان
Supervisor name: محمد علي اسحق
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة في حقل الاغنام التابع لقسم الثروة الحيوانية / كلية الزراعة / جامعة بغداد للمدة من 11/6/2014 ولغاية 23/12/2014. بهدف بيان تاثير احلال مستويات مختلفة من بذور الكتان على الاداء التناسلي وبعض المعايير الدمية والكيموحيوية لدى النعاج العواسي. | This study was conducted in the sheep farm, Department of Animal Resource, College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad. From 11/6/2014 to 23/12/2014. To investigate the effect of using different levels of dietary flaxseed supplementation on reproductive

تاثير اضافة مستويات مختلفة من الليكوبين الى العليقة في الاداء الانتاجي والفسلجي والتناسلي للوز المحلي العراقي == Effect of Dietary Supplementation With Different Levels of Lycopene on Productive, Physiological And Reproductive Performance of Iraqi Local Geese

Author name: يحيى عباس مرداس الجنابي
Supervisor name: حازم جبار الدراجي
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة في حقل الطيور الداجنة التابع لقسم الثروة الحيوانية في كلية الزراعة/جامعة بغداد واستمرت التجربة الحقلية للمدة من 20 / 10 /2013 ولغاية 28 / 3 / 2014. لدراسة تاثير اضافة مستويات مختلفة من الليكوبين Lycopene، الى العليقة في الاداء التناسلي | This study was conducted at the poultry farm for department of Animal Resource - College of Agriculture at University of Baghdad during the period from 20/10/2013 to 28/3/2014. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary supplementation

تاثير اضافة زيوت السمك، الكتان والجوز كمصدر لـOmega - 3 الى العليقة في الصفات الانتاجية والفسلجية للدجاج البياض == Effect of Supplementing Fish, Flax And Walnut Oils As Omega - 3 Source To The Diet on Performance And Physoilogical Trait of Laying Hens

Author name: حسنين نشات عزت
Supervisor name: عيسى حسين المشهداني
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة في حقل الطيور الداجنة التابع لقسم الثروة الحيوانية / كلية الزراعة - جامعة بغداد للمدة من 25/10/2010 الى 10/4/2011 لدراسة تاثير اضافة مستويات مختلفة من زيت بذور الكتان وزيت السمك وزيت الجوز في علائق دجاج بيض المائدة لوهمان البني في الصفات | This study was carried out at the Poultry Farm / Animal Science Department / College of Agricalture / Baghdad University from 25/10/2010 to 10/4/2011 to study the effect of supplementing different levels of flaxseed, fish and walnut oils in the layer diet

تاثير التغذية المبكرة بحقن بيض التفقيس بحامض الاسكوربيك والارجنين وسكر المالتوز وفي المفقسة في بعض الصفات الانتاجية والفسلجية والمايكروبية والنسيجية لفروج اللحم == The Effect of In Ovo Feeding With Ascorbic Acid, Arginine, Maltose And Early Feeding For Hatching Chicks on Some Productive, Physiological, Histological And Microbiological Traits of Broiler

Author name: فاضل رسول عباس الخفاجي
Supervisor name: ضياء حسن الحسني | احمد حميد العزام
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت الدراسة في حقل الدواجن في كلية الزراعة - جامعة بابل, وقد تضمنت 5 تجارب : التجربة الاولى هدفت الى تحديد التدهور الحاصل في الاداء الانتاجي لفروج اللحم نتيجة تاخر تقديم العلف والماء للافراخ بعد وصولها الى حقل التربية للمدد 24,12,6 ساعة للمعاملاتT4,T3,T | The present study was conducted in the poultry farm of College of Agriculture - Babylon University and 5 experiments were included : Experiment 1 : Aimed to investigate the decline in performance of broiler chickens occurred due to the delay in offering

تاثير اضافة البيتين eBetaine وفيتامين C والمخلوط المحلي مع ماء الشرب في التخفيف من الاجهاد الحراري في فروج اللحم == Effect of Supplementation Betaine, Vitamin C And Local Mixture With Drinking Water on Alleviating Heat Stress In Broiler Chicken

Author name: عقيل يوسف عبد النبي الشكري
Supervisor name: ضياء حسن الحسني
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة في حقل الطيور الداجنة التابع لقسم الثروة الحيوانية كلية الزراعة / جامعة الكوفة , لغرض تحديد افضل تركيز من مادة البيتين المضافة الى ماء الشرب لفروج اللحم المعرض للاجهاد الحراري ومن ثم مقارنتها مع تاثير اضافة فيتامين C والمخلوط المحلي في ت | This study was conducted at the Poultry farm, Animal resources department, Agriculture college the University of Kufa to investigate the best level of betaine supplemented to drinking water(DW) of broiler chickens reared under heat stress conditions (HS),

دراسة بعض الصفات الشكلية والفسلجية والتناسلية للغزال الدرقي العراقي (Gazella subgutturosa) == Study of Some Morphological, Physiological And Reproductive Parameters of Iraqi Goitered Gazelle (Gazella Subgutturosa)

Author name: حسام جاسم حسين بنانه
Supervisor name: محمد علي اسحق | محمد باقر محمد رشاد فخر الدين
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى تحديد بعض الخصائص الشكلية والفسلجية للغزال الدرقي العراقي (Gazella subgutturosa). اجريت هذه الدراسة في مواقع مختلفة من العراق، ولكن الموقع الرئيسي للتجربة كان في كلية الزراعة - جامعة بغداد. تم دراسة التكيف والخصائص الشكلية ومعايير | The aim of the present study was to determine some morphological and physiological characteristics of Iraqi Goitered gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa). This study was conducted at several locations in Iraq, but the main location of the experiment was in the

تاثير عصارة نبات البروكلي في متلازمة تعدد الاكياس المبيضية المستحدثة في الجرذ الابيض == Effect of Broccoli Plant Juice On Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome In Albino Rats

Author name: رقية احمد صالح
Supervisor name: نهلة جاسم محمد الشاهري
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The goal of present study was to investigate the benefits of broccoli as anti androgenic plant in protection and treatment for reproductive hormonal and metabolic disturbance, which combined with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Three experiments for 3 PCOS models were done. First Experiment : The prepubertal female rats at 21 days old, were injected with Testosterone (T) subcutaneously for 39 days (first model). The females of this experiment were divided into 6 groups (8 rats each) as follows : Group 1 was injected with sesame oil. Group 2 was injected with T hormone. Group 3 was injected with T hormone with orally gavaged of broccoli juice. Group 4 was injected with sesame oil, and at the end of the last injection was orally gavaged with distilled water for 30 days. Group 5 was injected with T hormone, and at the end of the last injection was orally gavaged with distilled water for 30 days. Group 6 was injected with T hormone, and at the end of the last injection was orally gavaged with broccoli juice for 30 days. Second Experiment : The prepubertal female rats at 21 days old, were injected with Letrozole (L) subcutaneously for 39 days (second model).The females of this experiment were divided into 6 groups with the same style of the first experiment. Third Experiment : it was achieved by the injection of pregnant rats prenatally (days 16 to 19 of gestation) with 1 mg of T hormone subcutaneously (third model), and then the female offspring were divided into groups (8 rats each) as follow : The first offspring group : The female rats offspring at 21 days old (their mothers were injected with sesame oil from 16th to 19th day of gestation) were orally gavaged with distilled water until 60 days of age. The second offspring group\ gavaged with distilled water : The female rats offspring at 21 days old (their mothers were injected with T hormone from 16th to 19th day of gestation) were orally gavaged with distilled water until 60 days of age. The second offspring group\ gavaged with broccoli juice : The female rats offspring at 21 days old (their mothers were injected with T hormone from 16th to 19th day of gestation) were orally gavaged with broccoli juice until 60 days of age. The third offspring group : The female rats offspring at 21 days old (their mothers were injected with T hormone from 16th to 19th day of gestation and orally gavaged with broccoli juice) were orally gavaged with distilled water until 60 days of age. Females of all groups were sacrificed after 24 hours from the last treatment to undertake weight, histological, hormonal and metabolic study for each group. the results of present study showed the symptoms that reported PCOS of the three female experiments such as ovarian cyst, hyperandrogenemia, hormonal and metabolic disturbance, etc. Also a well improvement has been noticed in all syndrome symptoms on females gavaged with broccoli juice for all three rats PCOS experiments, these results indicate that broccoli juice has got a protective and curative role against this syndrome.

تاثير عدد من المستخلصات النباتية الطبية في تركيز هرمون الميلاتونين وبعض المتغيرات الفسلجية والنسجية في ذكور الجرذان البيض == Effect of Many Medical Plant Extracts In Melatonin Hormone Concentration And Some of Physiological And Histological Parameters In Albino Male Rats

Author name: وداد محمود لهمود العبي
Supervisor name: زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي | صالح محمد رحيم العبيدي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: صممت الدراسة الحالية للبحث في الاجهاد التاكسدي المستحدث بتاثير الجرعة العلاجية لعنصر الحديد لوحده بشكل املاح الحديد بهيئة اقراص Ferrous fumarat (2.85ملغم/كغم من وزن الجسم/يوم)التي تعادل (200ملغم /70كغم من وزن جسم الانسان /يوم)وقد بلغت كمية الحديد فيها (0. | The current study was designed to observe the oxidative stress induced by first dose for Iron salt alone as ferrous fumarat (2.85 mg /kg of b.wt./day)was equivalent to (200mg/70 kg of b.wt. of person)and it is containing of iron (0.94mg iron/kg of b.wt.), or by giving together doses of iron (ferrous fumarat) salt conjunction with doses of copper (in copper sulfate) in white male rats which has been given one of The experimental unit (8.57 mg/kg b.wt./day)was equivalent to (600mg / 70 kg of b.wt. of person) which use for treating acute anemia, in experimental group were given dose (8.57 mg/kg b.wt./day + 8.57 mg copper sulfat/kg b.wt./day) daily by the oral feeding and the dosage considered as the (first treatment group), with regard to a second dose of iron and copper were as follows (17 mg iron /kg b.wt./day +17 mg copper/kg b.wt./day) and considered a (second dose), research on the role of the aqueous extracts for number of plant commonly used in popular medicine like pomegranate (Punica granatum L.), green tea (Comellia sinensis L.) and virgin olive oil (Olea europaea L.) to limit or inhibit the accumulation of these salts in number of organic Tissues and normalization of the variables in the balance oxidants - antioxidants and a number of Biochemical and Physiological parameters in addition to the Histological Changes in Liver, Kidney and Testis of the white male rats used through 30 day of The experiment, The present study aimed to evaluate activity of many plant juice Like sour Cherry (Prunu scersus L) sweet Cherry (Prunu savium L.)sweet paprika (Capsicum annuum L.) and Banana (Musa paradisiacal L.) in number of Biochemical and Physiological variation, in addition to Histological changes in the Liver, Kidney and Testis in white male rats and oxidative stress induced by Hydrogen peroxide(0.5%) during the experimental period of 30. current study investigation included the effect of exposing the white male rats for continuous lighting and the constant darkness for a period (30 days).The present study aimed show the effect of Tryptophan experimental in most Physiological, Biochemical and Histological activities. The experiments had been performed in the animal house at Dept.of Biology of Education Fecundity at Tikrit Univ. from Jan. 2011 through July 2011. male rats were measured (250 - 350)gram, in age (16 - 20) weeks, (110) experimental, the rats were divided to (22) groups in which each consisted of (5) rats.The first experiment results have revealed the following : - 1 - The giving of Ferro alone and the Second dose has caused a noticed significant increase at the level of (p<0.01) in the total number of white blood cells (WBCs) and in the concentrations of each of Glucose(Glu), Total cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), Low density of lipoprotein - cholesterol (LDL - C), (VLDL - C), Malondialdehyde(MDA)and Peroxy nitrite(ONOO.) compared with control group, whereas it caused a high significant decrease at the level of (p< 0.01) in the concentration of each of High Density of lipoprotein of cholesterol(HDL - C), Total protein (TP), Glutathione(GSH) and ceruloplasmin(CP) and a decrease in sperm parameters. The two groups have also noticed a significant decrease of (p<0.01) in the concentrations of the melatonin hormone in the rats blood serum, growth Hormone and the Luteinizing hormone, in addition to the testosterone hormone and a decrease in the effectiveness of the catalase enzyme; taking into consideration the accumulative increase of Ferro element in the liver, kidneys and testes for both groups. As for the accumulation of copper, it has been noticed in the second dose group in liver, kidneys, and testes tissues, whereas the group of animals exposed to Ferro alone has noticed a high significant decrease in copper concentration in the three studied organs.2 - The giving of a first dose to white male rats (rattus ratus) has revealed a lack of significant differences in each of the total number of white blood cells, and the concentrations of most of biochemical parameters and sperm parameters, taking into consideration the significant decrease in the concentrations of each of (HDL - C), (GSH), (CP), (Mel), and (CAT). It has been noticed the occurrence of a significant increase in the concentration of (LDL - C). This group has also suffered a significant and insignificant increase in the Ferro accumulation in the studied organs, with a simple decrease of the accumulation of copper element in the three studied elements compared to the sound control group.3 - The giving of the three vegetal extracts which are Punica granatum L., Comellia sinensis L., and Olea europaea L. for animals exposed to second dose has caused a high significant decrease (p< 0.01). The effective power of extracts according to their arrangement and order in which first is Olea europaea L., then Punica granatum L., and lastly is Camellia sinensis L. have revealed positive significant changing in many biochemical parameters, with high significant increasing in (Mel), (GH), (LH), and (T) blood serum conc. in addition to the effectiveness of (CAT), compared to the group of animals exposed to second dose. All the sperm parameters in each of Olea europaea L. and Punica granatum L. have revealed a significant increase compared to the second dose group, whereas the Comellia sinensis L. has not revealed the occurrence of significant changes in most of the sperm parameters except in the percentage of active and moving sperms when compared with the second dose group.As for the accumulation of mineral elements, all the groups treated with vegetal extracts and exposed to second dose have witnessed a decrease in the accumulation of Ferro element in the liver, kidneys and testes tissues when compared with the second dose group, and this is also a fact concerning the accumulation of copper element.4 - The giving of Ferro alone and second dose have caused clear malady and tissue changes represented by diffusion of fat drops in a wide range between the liver cells. There has also been a poisonous and harmful effect of kidney tissue represented by the harm occurring in the disintegration and damage of the glomerulus and damage to the renal tubules, on the level of testis tissue, there have occurred huge damages in most tissue structures of the testes with a loss of most of the sperm formation stages, whereas the first dose group has not revealed any clear tissue changes compared to the sound control group. These changes have decreased when treated with vegetal extracts for each of Punica grantum L., Olea europaea L. and Comellia sinensis L. with the availability of Ferro and copper elements, since these elements have largely decreased the negative effects by affecting the three tissue levels which are liver, kidney and testes. Olea europaea L. has revealed a magnificent role on the reformative level of damaged tissues with a big similarity to the control group which exceeded both of Punica granatum L. and Comellia sinensis L. compared to the second dose group.Second experiment results : - 1 - The treatment of animals with hydrogen peroxide revealed very high significant changes at the level of (p<0.01), (p<0.05) in white blood cells, and in most of the biochemical and hormone criteria and sperm parameters which are similar to the effect of each of the Ferro dose alone and the second dose when compared with the sound control group.2 - The treatment of animals exposed to oxidative stress via hydrogen peroxide with Capsicum annuum L. and Musa paradisiacal L. separately Shown positive effect more than Prunus cersus L. and Prunus avium L. all juice led to the occurrence of noticed significant decrease at the level of (p<0.01) in the total number of white blood cells and in the concentrations of (Glu), (TC), (TG), (LDL - C), (VLDL - C), (MAD) and the root (ONOO.). This is compared with the group exposed to hydrogen peroxide alone, taking into consideration the occurrence of high significant increase in the concentrations of (HDL - C), (TP), (GSH), (CP) and in sperm parameters. There has also been noticed a significant increase in (p<0.01) in the concentrations of each of (Mel), (GH), (T) and (CAT)and (LH) compared to the group exposed to hydrogen peroxide alone.3 - The treatment with industrial tryptophan did not reveal any changes in the total number of most of the studied biochemical and hormone concentrations, but there has been witnessed an occurrence of significant decrease in the concentration of (LDL - C). As for the sperm parameters, the changes were between significant decrease and no significant changes when compared with the control group, with a significant increase in the effectiveness of enzyme CAT and concentration of hormone (Mel) in blood plasma with the sound control group.4 - The exposition of male rats (rattus ratus) to a period of continuous lightness led to the occurrence of several physiological and biochemical changes and to a high significant increase of (p<0.01) in sperm parameters and in the concentrations of hormones (Mel), (GH), (T), and (CAT) in blood plasma when compared with the control group; except for the occurrence of high significant increase in concentration of (LH). The darkness group revealed slight insignificant changes in most of the biochemical criteria and between the lack of changes in concentrations of (GH), hormone (T) and enzyme (CAT). This group also suffered the occurrence of high significant increase in concentration of (Mel) and a significant decrease in concentration of hormone (LH) when compared to the control group.5 - The giving (H2O2)caused several tissue changes in the livers of male rats (Rattus ratus). This has caused clear tissue and malady changes and similar to the Ferro and second dose groups. These changes have reduced when treated with Prunus cersus L., Prunus avium L., Capsicum annuum L. and Musa paradisiacal L. with the presence of hydrogen peroxide in that it greatly reduced the negative effects of hydrogen peroxide on the level of the three tissues of liver, kidney and testes. There is a lack of harmful tissue effects of industrial tryptophan on the tissues under study, when compared with the control group. In addition, both groups of rats exposed to durations of continuous lightness and darkness have suffered very huge tissue damage on the level of the three tissues, but the continuous lightness group suffered more damage when compared with the control group and continuous darkness duration.

تاثير بنزوات الصوديوم كمادة حافظة في مستويات بعض الهرمونات والمعايير الكيموحيوية في ذكور الجرذان البيض == Effect of Sodium Benzoate As A Preservative In Levels of Some Hormones And Biochemical Parameters In White Male Rats

Author name: اسيل نجاح صبر
Supervisor name: احسان ريسان ابراهيم الركابي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: هدفت هذه الدراسة الى تحديد تاثيرات مادة بنزوات الصوديوم في مستويات بعض الهرمونات ومؤشرات الاجهاد التاكسدي والمعايير الكيموحيوية في ذكور الجرذان البالغة وغير البالغة ولمدد مختلفة. ولبيان هذه التاثيرات صممت تجربتين رئيستين لهذه الدراسة، استعمل في التجربة ا | This study was aimed to determining the effects of sodium benzoate in the levels of some hormones and oxidative stress indicators as well as biochemical parameters in mature and immature albino male rats in different durations.To detect these effects two main experiments were designed in the current study, (60) immature male rats were used in the first main experiment that included three secondary experiments each one of these was included four groups of immature albino male rats, (5) male for each group.In the first secondary experiment G1, G2, and G3 groups were orally given sodium benzoate daily in concentrations of 50, 100, 200 mg/ kg of body weight for one week, whereas in the second and the third secondary experiments G1, G2, and G3 groups were orally given sodium benzoate in the same concentrations daily for two and three weeks respectively. The control groups of the three secondary experiments were given distilled water throughout experiments. (60) of mature male rats were used in the second main experiment that have included the same design as the previous one.After the end of treatments in each experiment, the following parameters were studied : hormonal parameters that included corticosterone, luteinizing hormone LH, testosterone T, thyroid stimulating hormoneTSH and thyroxin T4, oxidative stress indicators (glutathione and malodialdehyde) and biochemical parameters that included (liver enzymes ALT and AST, total bilirubin, albumin, globuoline, total serum protein, sodium and potassium).The results of the first main experiment are pointed out : 1 - A significant increase(P<0.05) in the level of corticosterone hormone in both G2 and G3 groups during one weak of treatment and in G1, G2, and G3 groups during two and three weeks of each treatment. 2 - A significant decrease (P<0.05) in the levels of luteinizing hormone and testosterone in G3 group also the thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroxin in both G2 and G3 groups during one week of treatment, the levels of all these hormones were also revealed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the G1, G2, and G3 groups during two and three weeks of treatment. 3 - A significant decrease (P<0.05) in the glutathione level was accompanied by a significant increase in the malondialdehyde level in both G2 and G3 groups during one week of treatment and also in the G1, G2, and G3 groups during two and three weeks of treatment in comparison with control groups. 4 - A significant increase (P<0.05) in the ALT and AST enzymes levels in G1, G2 and G3 groups during each duration of experiment in comparison with control groups. 5 - A significant increase(P<0.05) in the total bilirubin level in both G2 and G3 groups during one week of treatment. Also in G1, G2, and G3 groups during two and three weeks of treatment in comparison with control groups. 6 - A significant decrease(P<0.05) in the albumin and total serum protein levels in both G2 and G3 groups during one week of treatment, the decreased albumin and globuline levels were also accompanied by a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the level of total serum protein in G1, G2, and G3 groups during two and three weeks of treatment in comparison with control groups.7 - A significant increase(P<0.05) in the sodium level in G1, G2, and G3 groups during each duration of experiment in comparison with control groups. 8 - A significant increase (P<0.05) in the potassium level in both G2 and G3 groups during one week of treatment and in G1, G2, and G3 groups during two and three weeks of treatment in comparison with control groups. 9 - Comparison between treatments durations for all parameters was showed a significant difference (P<0.05) in levels of most parameters during two and three weeks of treatment in both G1 and G2 and with increasment of treatment duration in G3. The results of the second main experiment were presented that : 1 - A significant increase (P<0.05) in the corticosterone level in G3 during one week of treatment also in both G2 and G3groups during two weeks of treatment as well as in G1, G2, and G3 groups during three weeks of treatment in comparison with control groups. 2 - A significant decrease (P<0.05) in the levels of luteinizing hormone, testosterone, thyroid stimulating hormone and thyroxin in both G2 and G3 groups during two weeks of treatment and in G1, G2, and G3 groups during three weeks of treatment in comparison with control groups. 3 - A significant decrease(P<0.05) in the glutathione level was accompanied by a significant increase in the malondialdehyde level in both G1and G2 during two weeks of treatment, as well as in G1, G2, and G3 groups during three weeks of treatment in comparison with control groups. 4 - A significant increase(P<0.05) in the ALT and AST enzymes levels in the G1, G2 and G3 groups during each duration of experiment in comparison with control groups. 5 - A significant increase(P<0.05) in the total bilirubin level in G3group during one week treatment, also in G1, G2, and G3 groups during two and three weeks of treatment in comparison with control groups. 6 - A significant decrease(P<0.05) in the albumin and total serum protein levels in G3 group during one weak treatment, also in G1, G2, and G3 groups during two weeks treatment. The significant decrease(P<0.05) in the albumin and globuline levels in G1, G2, and G3 groups during three weeks treatment was accompanied by a significant decrease in the total serum protein level in compare with control groups.7 - A significant increase (P<0.05) in the sodium and potassium levels in G1, G2, and G3 groups during two and three weeks of treatment in comparison with control groups.8 - Comparison between treatments durations for all parameters was showed a significant difference (P<0.05) in levels of most parameters during three weeks of treatment in G1 and during two and three weeks of treatment in G2 and G3.

دراسة علاقة الاجهاد التاكسدي ببعض العوامل الفسلجية والكيموحيوية والنسجية في احداث الاجهاض لدى النساء الحوامل في مدينة كركوك == Study of The Relation of Oxidative Stress With Some Physiological, Biochemical And Histological Factors In Abortion Induction Among Pregnant Women In Kirkuk Province

Author name: ليلى عبد الستار صادق سليمان ليلاني
Supervisor name: صالح محمد رحيم العبيدي | زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة للفترة من 1 كانون الثاني 2010 ولغاية 31 كانون الاول 2011 في مستشفى كركوك العام ومستشفى ازادي التعليمي في مدينة كركوك وشملت الدراسة (160) سيدة من السيدات اللواتي يراجعن صالات الولادة وكانت على الشكل الاتي : (100) سيدة تعاني من الاجهاض و(3 | The study was conducted from the 1st of January 2010 till the 31 December 2011 in Kirkuk - General hospital and Azadi - teaching hospital in Kirkuk province, the study was included (160) women who are attending labor word and they are follows : (100) women who have abortion, [30]normal vaginally delivered women and they are regarded 1st control group, in addition to that another [30]new pregnant women between (14 - 16) weeks of pregnancy aged (16 - 45) years who are regarded as 2nd control group and they are consulted special Gynecologists for primary health care center for follow up. The current study was designed for research purposes to detected some of Biochemical , hematological and histological variables which have direct relationship with oxidative stress among studied sample to determine the effect of this variables on aborted women in Kirkuk province. The study found that : 1 - There was a continues increasing in the number of abortion between the year 2010 - 2011. 2 - Many causes were related to abortion occurrence which arranged according to their importance as follow : Hormonal. Infective, Congenital, parasitic. 3 - Villi dimension (width and length) measures less than those of 1st control group (normal vaginally delivered women).4 - Placental weight (wt) taken from aborted women measure less than those taken normal delivered group (1st control group).5 - From the study results, it was indicated that the total body mass index (BMI) among aborted women recorded less significant value (p< 0.05) than those of 1st control group and high significant value in comparison to the 2nd control group (new pregnant women 6 - The current study show that the consented level of malondialdehyde(MDA) in blood serum among aborted women is higher than those of 1stcontrol group and 2nd control group. Also it was indicated that the level of MDA in placental extracted is higher than 1stcontrol group.7 - Regarding Glutathione concentration, the aborted women recorded significant elevation in level of blood serum in comparison to the two mentioned control groups, also its concentration in placental extract is higher than 1st control group only.8 - The study found that the level of glutathione peroxidase GPX concentration is significant decrease among aborted women in comparison to the 1st control group while the level of peroxy nitrate PN was a significantly increase in its concentration in blood serum.9 - The current study revealed that there is now a significant in albumin conc. And uric acid in blood serum among aborted women in comparison to2nd control group.10 - The study referred to the significant different value (p<0.05) in concentration of estrogen hormone in blood serum among aborted women which indicated that there is a low conc. also progesterone hormone level recorded less than in the women in comparison both control groups.11 - The study found that the Concentration of Tri - iodothyronine hormone which recorded is a low in aborted women comparison both control group while thyroxin hormone referred to the a significantly decreased in blood serum comparison to 1st control group and now significant comparison to 2nd control group.12 - Concerning the prolactin hormone level which recorded alow conc. Level among aborted women.13 - Blood pressure recorded a significant decrease in both tow measures (systolic and diastolic).14 - Hemoglobin (Hb) and red blood cells (R.B.C) recorded a significant decrease in its value among aborted women and a significantly elevation in white blood cells level(W.B.C)in comparison to both control groups.15 - Toxoplasmosis antibodies were detected in 10% of aborted women.16 - Histological studies, Histological study revealed that there is an obvious cross - sectional placental changes among studied women. The study show that there is a large amount of Red Blood Cells (R.B.C.) in placental section among women subjected to previous complete abortion which indicates a sever hemorrhage, the RBC seen collected in some area of referring to degeneration and hemolysis process with the presence of small piece of uteri in the tissue epithelium distributed between red blood cells due to while in women subjected to spontaneous abortion, the histological appearance enlarge and small pieces of uterine tissue epithelium distributed blood vessels which indicated that is an aggregation of RBC and seen of the nuclei appear atrophied in there is a presence of double size degradation nuclei and hemolysis of muscle nuclei which presented either spindle or flat in shape.In women subjected to incomplete abortion, the histological section a show the of uterine lying cells with muscle cells and bleeding due to rupture of placental blood vessels with hemolysis of red blood cell which appear like clusters duo to congestion process and the muscular layer appears clear fibers, necrosis.It is also obvious that in those women who subjected to in complete abortion, there is a large amount of falling muscle tissue with abortion process which is a thin structure with little necrosis in some area of it hamolysis can be seen presented by R.B.C decomposition and swelling of uterine lying nuclei and necrosis which the chromatin bodies appear either as spare parts or atrophied for the final analysis with the other appeared empty and necrolizal due to ruptured uterine lying epithelium and hemolysis is of R.B.C

دراسة عدد من المتغيرات الفسلجية والمناعية لدى النساء المصابات بالتهاب السبيل البولي في مدينة تكريت == Study Some of Physiological And Immunological Parameters In Women With Urinary Tract Infections In Tikrit City

Author name: لبنى عبد الجبار ياسين
Supervisor name: موسى جاسم محمد الحميش
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: ان الهدف الرئيس لهذه الدراسة هو معرفة علاقة الانترلوكينات(IL - 2, IL - 4, IL - 6) ببعض الهرمونات لدى النساء المصابات بالتهاب السبيل البولي.تضمنت هذه الدراسة 116عينة دم من النساء المراجعات للعيادات الخارجية التابعة لمستشفى تكريت التعليمي اللواتي تترواحت اع | The main objective of this study is to investigate the relationship of Interleukines (IL - 2, IL - 4, and IL - 6) with hormones in women with inflammation of the urinary tract. This study involved (116) women visiting outpatient clinic of Tikrit Teaching Hospital for the period from September 2011 until February 2012. The ages of women were 16 - 50 years, and blood samples were taken for each of these women for the purpose of determining the levels of sex hormones (FSH, LH, estrogen, progesterone, testosterone) and the levels Interleukines (IL - 6, IL - 4, IL - 2) and identify some of the variables blood parameters (WBC, ESR) and C - reactive protein Twenty samples were taken from the blood of women who are not infected and non - pregnant as a control group samples. The patients divided into three groups, which included non - pregnant women infected and pregnant women who are infected and pregnant non - infected urinary tract (UTI) also samples of the study was divided by periods of gestation into three periods included the first period (1 - 12 weeks) and the second period (12 - 24 weeks) and the third period (24 - 40 weeks) of pregnancy The results of the current study showed that there is significant increase in ESR for a pregnant women infected and pregnant women non - effected with UTI when compared to control (P ? 0.01) and highest level of ESR was in the last third of pregnancy, The total Count of white blood cells (WBC), results showed a significant difference between the three groups compared to the control group, had the highest level for (WBC) in the last third of pregnancy. As for the study of hormones when measuring the level of the hormone LH showed a significant decrease (P ? 0.05) for the three groups compared to control and the steepest decline of hormone level was in the last third of pregnancy. The hormone FSH got a significant decrease in the three groups compared with a control (P ? 0.01), lowest level was in the third trimester of pregnancy.Estrogen level showed a significant decrease (P ? 0.01) for a non pregnant women with UTI compared with a control, and show a significant increase in the level of the two sets of hormone - positive pregnant non - infected, and the highest increase was in last third of Pregnancy in both groups. The progesterone showed a significant increase in the level of the pregnant infected and pregnant non - infected (P ? 0.01) compared with a control group. While in non - pregnant, there is no significant difference. The testosterone level increased significantly (P ? 0.05) in the three groups compared to control group. the level Interleukines, Tests showed that a significant increase(p ? 0.01) in the level of interleukin - 2 (IL - 2) for a pregnant women with (UTI) compared with a control and a significant decrease in the last third of pregnancy in pregnant women which is non infected compared to the rest of the gestation periods, and for the level of interleukin - 4 The present study showed a significant increase (p ? 0.01) in the level of interleukin - 4 (IL - 4) for a non - pregnant women with (UTI) compared with a controlThe highest level reached by IL - 4 was in the last third of pregnancy in the non - infected at (p ? 0.05), interleukin - 6 has a significant decrease for the two sets of pregnant women with (UTI) and non - infected, compared with the control group and the absence of significant differences between the two sets of pregnant women infected and non - infectedRegarding level of C - reactive protein there is a significant increase (P ? 0.01) in the two groups of pregnant and non pregnant women compared with a control, and significant differences between control group and a group of pregnant non - infected.

تاثير استخدام عقار الكلوميفين ستريت والقهوة العربية وفيتامين E على بعض المعايير الفسلجية والكيموحيوية والنسجية في الارانب البيض المعرضة للاجهاد التاكسدي ببيروكسيد الهيدروجين == Effect of Clomiphene Citrate, Coffea Arabica And Vitamin E Use On Some Biochemical, Physiological And Histological Parameters In Albino Rabbits Exposed To Oxidative Stress Induced By Hydrogen Peroxidase

Author name: اسماء خالد مطني محمد
Supervisor name: زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تم في هذه الدراسة اختبار فعالية عقار الكلوميفين ستريت Clomiphene citrate والتحري عن تاثيراته في نسيج الرحم والخصى وكذلك الهرمونات الجنسية والتكاثرية Follicular Stimulating Hormone(FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) , Prolactin, Estrogen, Testosterone, Progest | This study includes the effect of clomiphene citrate drug in uterus and testes tissue and sex, reproduction hormone (Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Prolactin (PRL), estrogen, progesterone, testosterone) and in Some Biochemical and Physiological Parameters as : WBCs counts, glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), High density lipoproteins - cholesterol (HDL - C), Low density lipoprotein - cholesterol (LDL - C), Very low density lipoproteins - cholesterol (VLDL - C), Total protein, albumin, globulin, glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in males and females Albino rabbits sera which have oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (0.5%) for (20) days, compare with the control rabbits.The study involud : - comparison the effects of vitamin E effects and (100mg\kg) body weight of arabica coffea.The animals distributed and randomly divided to(8) groups (each group included 8 rabbits : 4 males+ 4 females) as follow : control group, Hydrogen peroxide (0.05) group, (2mg\kg of B.W) clomiphene citrate (c.c.) group, (2mg\kg of B.W) clomiphene citrate group, (500mg\kg of B.W) vitamin E+(10mg\kg of B.W) clomiphene citrate, (100mg\kg of B.W) Arabica coffea group, Hydrogen peroxide (0.05) +(100mg\kg of B.W) Arabica coffea group and (10mg\kg of B.W)(c.c.) +(100mg\kg of B.W) Arabica coffea group. The results revealed : - 1 - The treatment of males and females of Animal by clomiphene citrate (2 and 4 mg\kg of B.W) cased significant increase at leve (P? 0.05) in concentration of the FSH, LH, estrogen and progesterone hormone, and Glucose, Triglycerides, Globulin, LDL - C, VLDL - C and Glutathione in both male and female compare with the control group, while the same treatment caused increase the concentrations of Testosterone and Prolactin for males, whereas in females the treatment showed increase in Testosterone and Prolactin concentrations Compare with the control. Also the treatment caused decrease Albumin concentration in male and no significant (P? 0.05) changes had been showed in the female s. Respect to total protein, WBCs count there were no significant variation (P?0.05) had been recorded for both sexes compare with the control group. So the result showed Significant increase (P? 0.05) in HDL - C in male only compare with the control group. 2 - The induced oxidative stress caused significant increase at level (P?0.05) WBCs count, Glucose, Total cholesterol, triglycerides, VLDL - C, LDL - C, MDA concentrations for both sexes compare with the control group.While there were no significant variation had been recorded in Albumin and Prolactin concentrations in Females and total protein concentrations for both sexes compare with the control group in another hand there were significant increase (P<0.05) in concentrations of HDL - C, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Glutathione, Progesterone, Testosterone, Estrogen, FSH, and LH of male compare with the control group.3 - The treatment of Rabbits (male and female) with (100mg\kg of B.W) Arabica coffea revealed significant decrease (p ?0.05) in concentration of FSH, LH, estrogen, glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides and VLDL - C for both sexes, and PRL, testosterone , glutathione and albumen in concentrations for male compared with the control group while there treatment. 4 - Treatment males and females albino rabbits by high dose vitamin E caused significant decrease in concentration of FSH, estrogen, total cholesterol, Triglycerides and Globulin for both sexes, compared with the control group, Whereas caused also a significant decrease in concentrations LH, PRL, testosterone in male, and caused a significant decrease in concentration HDL - C in female. Whereas caused also significant increase in concentration of the glucose, MDA, glutathione and the total number of white blood cells for about sexes, and caused also significant increase in concentration of the hormones PLR, testosterone in female only. Whereas caused also a significant decrease in concentrations of HDL - C, LDL - C and VLDL - C in male, whereas no significant variation in concentration of total protein, albumin for both sexes, and in concentration of LDL - C and VLDL - C in female compared with the control group.5 - Treatment males and females albino rabbits by high dose vitamin E, clomiphene citrate, Arabica coffea and H2O2 (0.5%) showed important histological changes in testes and uterus compared with the control group. Treatment males by clomiphene citrate caused significant increase (P<0.05) in sertoli cells, Leydig cells, spermatids and Spermatogonia in male, whereas in uterus tissue treatment caused significant increase in granular cells, hypertrophy smooth muscular and increase cytoplasm size compared with the control group.6 - Treatment by high dose vitamin E and Arabica coffea caused damage in somniferous tubules decrease in sertoli cells, Leydig cells, spermatids and spermatogonia in male, whereas in uterus tissue treatment caused effected uterus gland and loss of normal form and the incident of degeneration, necrosis in the surrounding cells and decrease in vassals blood compared with the control group.The present study showing that to drug clomiphene citrate play an important role to activation the oogenesis and spermatogenesis through stimulating gonadotrophic Hormones(FSH, LH). Also the study showed the role of coffea arabica to induce the infertility through it's impact on the thyroid gland which responsible for the oogenesis and spermatogenesis.the result also showed that the high dose vitamin E working on the accumulation of free radical causing oxidative stress damaging body.

تاثير التدخين على بعض القيم الكيميائية الحيوية في مصل الدم للمدخنين الاصحاء == Effect of Smoking On Some Biochemical Values In The Blood Serum of Healthy Smokers

Author name: انفال كاظم عبد
Supervisor name: حميد محمود مجيد
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: ان ظاهرة التدخين منتشرة على نطاق واسع في جميع انحاء العالم ولها تاثيرات سلبية على الصحة العامة، تعد احد الاسباب الرئيسة للاصابة بالسرطان. اجريت الدراسة في قضاء بعقوبة مركز محافظة ديالى للمدة من الخامس من تشرين الاول 2014 لغاية 1 ايار 2015، تهدف هذه الدراس | The phenomenon of smoking spread widely all over the world and have negative effects on public health and one of the main causes of cancer, a study was conducted in the district of Baquba, center of Diyala province for the period of 5th October 2014 to 1st May 2015, where a total sample of 180 persons from smokers and nonsmokers. The study aimed to knowledge effect of smoking on some biochemical values. The study samples were divided depending on the number of cigarettes consumed per day into four groups : Group I : smokers who smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day No.30 aged between (30 - 40) years.Group II : smokers who smoked more than 30 cigarettes per day No.30 aged between (30 - 40) years.Group III : smokers who smoked more than 40 cigarettes per day No.37 aged between (30 - 40) years.Group IV : smokers who smoked more than 50 cigarettes per day No.23 aged between (30 - 40) years.These groups were compared with non - smokers group consisting of 60 persons age range between (30 - 40) years. Results of statistical analysis showed : The presence of a significant rise in the level of probability of P <0.01 in the levels of TC, TG, LDL - C and VLDL - C in smokers compared with non - smokers, with these high levels to increase the number of cigarettes smoked per day, especially in the two groups of the third and fourth - smoking,. agreement this increase with height in levels (MDA) Malondialdehyde, while levels of HDL - C decreased inversely with the number of cigarettes smoked per day and the values of MDA.Increase the activity of the liver enzyme AST, ALT, ALP, LDH and decreasing in total serum bilirubin value in all smokers groups compared with nonsmoker. Elevated potassium ion level in all smokers groups compared with non - smokers. and ions of sodium and chloride were not affected. We conclude from the above there is a positive correlation between the number of cigarettes smoked per day relationship and TC, TG, LDL - C, VLDL - C and MDA, as well as liver enzymes : AST, ALT, ALP, LDH and the existence of a negative correlation between the numbers of cigarettes smoked per day and HDL - C, TSB in smokers

تاثير الجسيمات النانوية للنحاس على بعض اعضاء الجهاز التكاثري الذكري للفئران البيض Mus musculus == Effect of Copper Nanoparticles On Some Organs of Male Reproductive System In Albino Mice Mus Musculus

Author name: ايمن راضي حبيب
Supervisor name: محمد ناجي طه
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study was conducted on 20 male of Swiss albino mice, where the main target of this study was to identify the influence of copper nanoparticles (Cu - NPs) on some organs of the male reproductive system. Animals were orally administered with 0.1 ml of 100 mg/kg Cu - NPs for 7, 14, 21 days. Then the animals were dissected in the next day after the end of the dosing period and took from them testes and epididymis (head and tail) to study the parameters in which these particles have affected, and this parameter as follows : 1 - Changes in the weights of each of the animals bodies, testes, tunica albuginea, and epididymis (heads and tails). 2 - Changes in sperm characteristics in testes and epididymis (head and tail), which included : the percentage of live sperms, abnormal sperms and sperm concentration. 3 - Changes in the percentages of the spermatogenic cells, which included : a - Spermatogonia. b - Primary & Secondary Spermatocytes. c - Spermatids. d - Sperms. 4 - Changes in numbers of leydig cells and nuclei diameters. 5 - Changes in diameters of seminiferous tubules and their lining wall thickness. 6 - Changes in thickness and height of epithelial cells in both the head and tail of the epididymis. 7 - Histopathological changes in testes and epididymis (head and tail). Phenotype description of testes from mice treated with copper nanoparticles for a period of 21 days occurrence of congestion and a few amount of fatty material around the testes. The results also revealed a decline in the average body weights on the period of 7 and 21 days of treatment when compared with the weight of the same animals before treatment and the decline was significantly at (P<0.05). Whereas the testes and tunica albuginea weights recorded a significant decrease in their average weights (P<0.05) when compared with control groups. As well as the epididymis weights where showed significantly decrease (P<0.05) in the average of the epididymides heads weights for all three periods of treatment, while a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the average weight of the epididymis tail appear for two periods 7 and 21 days compared with control groups. The study also reported a decrease in the percentage of live sperm and the average sperm concentration and an increase in the percentage of sperm abnormalities extended to all periods of treatment compared with control groups and this change was significant at the level of (P<0.05). The number of leydig cells and nuclei diameters, the results show a decrease in their averages and all the extended treatment period when compared with control groups, and this decrease was significantly at (P<0.05). Treatment with particles of copper nanoparticle indicated a decrease in the percentage of spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes and sperms in all periods of treatment compared with control groups and this decrease was significantly at the level of (P<0.05). While the results of the study revealed a significant increase at the level of (P<0.05) in the percentage of secondary spermatocytes and spermatids compared with the control animals. The study also showed a significant decrease at the level of (P<0.05) in the diameter of the seminiferous tubules of testes and the wall thickness of the seminiferous tubules for all periods of treatment compared with control groups. As well as a reduction in wall thickness and height of the epithelium in epididymis (head and tail) for all periods of treatment compared with control animals and this decline was significantly at (P<0.05). The current study also recorded a textile damage in the testes and epididymis (head and tail), which summarized the crash of some seminiferous tubules, degeneration of lining cells in tubule, the appearance of vacuole between cells and lifting epithelium from the basement membrane. On this basis, this study has shown for the first time that particles of copper nanoparticles have a negative impact on the effectiveness and activity of the male reproductive system in albino mice.

تاثير الاشعة فوق البنفسجية Ultraviolet (UV) على بعض المعايير التكاثرية (معامل الانقسام للحيامن والتشوهات في رؤوس النطف) في الجرذان البيض == Effect of Ultraviolet On Some Reproduction Parameters (Mitotic Index of Sperms And Head Sperms Aberration)

Author name: قيس هادي لايذ الكرعاوي
Supervisor name: حسين خضير الميالي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Higher Diploma
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: قسمت 20 جرذ ابيض من الضرب Balb/C الى اربع مجاميع بعد تشعيعها (تشعيع الجسم كله) بفترات تعريض للاشعة فوق البنفسجية Ultraviolet لمدة (0 و20 و30 و60) دقيقة، ثم شرحت بعد 7 ايام من التعرض للاشعاع وتم حساب معامل انقسام mitotic index الخلايا الجنسية بالاضافة الى | Twenty white rats (Balb / C) have been divided into four groups after their exposure to ultraviolet ray for the following time periods (0, 20, 30, 60) minutes. Then the autopsy has been performed after 7 days of (UV) exposure and the mitotic index of sexual cell division has been counted. as well as the Head sperms aberration. The results of the study showed the following : 1 - Decrease in the mitotic index for the sexual cell. This decrease is directly proportional with the duration of exposure to radiation.2 - A slight increase in the percentage of the Head sperms aberration between (T 20) in comparison with the control group which is not exposed to radiation (T 0).3 - The increase in percentage of the Head sperms aberration is due to the (UV) and this abnormalities are directly proportional with the length of the exposure period as (T 30, T 60).

علاقة بعض الهرمونات والمعايير الكيموحيوية للمصابين بحصى المرارة == Relation of Some Hormones And Biochemical Variables For Patients With Gallstones

Author name: انسام فيصل ياسر الجوراني
Supervisor name: احسان ريسان ابراهيم الركابي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: صممت الدراسة الحالية لمعرفة مستويات بعض الهرمونات والمتغيرات الكيموحيوية لممصابين حصى المرارة، اذ اجريت الدراسة على المرضى الوافدين الى مستشفى الزهراء التعليمي ومستشفى الكرامة التعليمي / قسم الجراحة في محافظة واسط للمدة منذ بداية شهر تشرين الاول (2012) حت | The study was Designed to investigate some hormonal levels and biochemical variables in patients with gallstones, where the study was conducted on patients attending Zahra Hospital and Karama Hospital / Department of Surgery in Wassit province for the period since the beginning of the month of October (2012) and until the end of the month of April (2013), The number of patients (75) were aged between 15 - 70 years and the number of males (15) and females (60) compared with healthy controls and numbered (25) aged between 15 - 70 years and the number of males (5) and females (20). Blood samples were collected in volume (10 ml) blood serum was isolated to achive required measurements, which included measuring the level of the hormone leptin, thyroxine (T4), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), growth hormone (GH), also the study included estimate the concentrations of biochemical parameters : total cholesterol (T.Chol), higher density lipoprotein cholesterol (H DL - Chol), factor risk (RF), liver enzymes ALT and AST, total serum bilirubin (TSB), glucose, creatinine, albumin, Globulin, and total serum protein (TSP), The results of the study were as follows : .Prevalence of gallstones in Wassit province, and Females injury rate will gallstone in wassit province much higher than males with rate of 5/1. Significant increase (P <0.05) in the levels of leptin hormone and GH as well as non significant increase (P >0.05) in the levels of the hormone TSH, while there was a significant decrease (P <0.05) in the level of the hormone T4 in people who suffer from a gallstones disease compared with healthy people. Significantly increase (P <0.05) in the concentration of T.Chol, and RF, while there a non - significant decrease (P> 0.05) in the concentration of HDL - Chol. significant increase (P <0.05) in the concentration of ALT, AST, TSB, and glucose with a non - significant increase (P>0.05) in the concentration of createnine. significant decrease (P <0.05) in the concentration of albumin, TSP, while an increase is not significant (P>0.05) in the concentration of globulin. There is effect of sex, age, BMI, and duration of the disease for patients with gallstones compared to healthy persons. There is effect of the taking contraceptive pills for female patients infected with gallstones compared to patients female non Taking contraceptive pills.

تاثير تدخين السكائر على فعالية انزيمات AST، ALT وALP ومستويات الشوارد في مصل دم المدخنين == Effect of Cigarette Smoking On The Activity of Serum AST, ALT, ALP And Levels of Electrolytes In Blood Serum of Smokers

Author name: حسام هاشم محمد العزاوي
Supervisor name: حميد محمود مجيد
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: للتدخين اثر مباشر وغير مباشر على معظم اعضاء الجسم، وربما يحدث تاثيره في اقل من ثانية عند استنشاقه ووصوله الى الحويصلات الهوائية وانتشاره في الاوردة الرئوية. ولدراسة التغير الحاصل في : مستويات انزيمات الكبد (AST) Aspartate aminotransferase، Alanine aminotr | Smoking effects directly and indirectly on most organs of the body, this effect may occur in less than a second when inhaled and reach the alveoli and prevalence in the pulmonary veins, to study the change in the : levels of liver enzymes (AST) aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and (ALP) alkaline phosphatase and electrolytes (Na +, k +, Cl - , Ca2+, Fe2+ and PO43 - ) in the blood serum of male, Collection of 100 blood samples of male smokers which divided into three groups depending on the smoking period : 1 - first group of 5 - 10 years Comprises 35 smokers, the age range from 25 - 40 years. 2 - second group of 10 - 20 years Comprises 34 smokers, the age range from 25 - 40 years. 3 - third group of more than 20 years Comprises 31 Smokers ages ranged from 25 - 40 years. The above groups Compared with 40 person Non - smoker (group 4), withage range from (25 - 40) year, for the period from November.1st. 2013 to April.1st. 2014, Within the district of Baquba / Province of Diyala.. Results showed : 1 - Increasing in activity of serum liver enzymes AST and ALT (p ?0.01) for a period 5 - 10 years of smoking, and at level of (p?0.001) for both of the periods of smoking 10 - 20 years and more than 20 years as compared to control. While the levels of ALP increased significantly (p?0.01) for three groups as compared with control. 2 - There is no significant differences in the levels of electrolytes Na+, k+, Cl - in blood serum. 3 - There is a significant decrease in the levels of Ca2+ (p?0.001) for the three groups compared to control, while the iron concentration levels increased significantly (p?0.001) in blood serum of the three groups of smokers compared with control. phosphorus levels showed increasing significantly (p?0.05) in both groups of smokers 10 - 20 years and for more than 20 years compared to control. Conclusion from the above : presence of clear effects of smoking on the liver enzymes activity, calcium, iron, phosphorus, while there is no clear effects on electrolytes Na +, k + and Cl - .

وظائف الغدة الدرقية وبروتين C التفاعلي لدى مرضى العجز الكلوي المزمن المستمرين على الديلزة الدموية ومرضى الزرع الكلوي == Thyroid Functions And C - Reactive Protein In Chronic Renal Failure Patients On Hemodialysis And Kidney Transplantation

Author name: احمد جاسم محمد المشهداني
Supervisor name: نبيل خالد محمد علي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: يعاني مرضى الغسيل الدموي من امراض مزمنة يعتقد بانها لاتطال الغدة الدرقية, ولتقييم ذلك من خلال كل من الاداء الوظيفي الكلوي والدرقي لدى مرضى الفشل الكلوي المزمن والزرع الكلوي تم : - 1) قياس مستويات اليوريا والكرياتنين والفسفور وبروتين C التفاعلي, الكالسيوم | Patients on regular hemodialysis suffer from a chronic illness that is believed not to involve the thyroid gland. In this study, we evaluated the thyroid and kidney functions in Patients with end - stage renal disease and transplantation from : - 1) measurment levels of urea, creatinine, phosphorus, and C - reactive protein, calcium and albumin in patients and compared control. 2) measurment levels of thyroid hormones fT4, fT3 addition to thyroid stimulating - hormone TSH in the blood serum of patients and compared control. This study was conducted in Baquba teaching Hospital /Department of dialysis, the period from November.1st. 2013 to April.1st. 2014, from which to collect 80 blood samples, 40 samples hemodialysis Patients including (26 males, 14 females), 40 person Renal or kidney transplant Patients (32 males, 8 females) do not suffer from thyroid disease, compared with 40 blood samples for healthy people(control) (32 males, 8 females), within the age range of (20 - 70 years).. The Results of the study revealed a significant increase of probability (p<0.001) in levels of urea, creatinine and phosphorus in hemodialysis patients compared to control (21.932 ±1.072, 4.766 ± 0.122 mmol/L) (413.400 ±29.109, 62.375± 1.142 umol/L) (5.397 ±0.370, 3.875 ± 0.127 mg/dl) respectively. the results also indicate revealed a rise in the concentration of acute phase protein (C - reactive protein) by (50%) in hemodialysis patients, which reflected negatively increase the mortality rate in these patients, and low in glomerular filtration rate in hemodialysis patients compared to control (16.152±1.395, 126.325 ±2.020 ml/min) respectively. while still this significant difference in these levels with the exception of urea and glomerular filtration rate, which continued at the same level in renal transplant patients. The results indicated the presence of a significant decrease of probability (p<0.001) in the levels of calcium and albumin in hemodialysis patients compared to the control (7.857± 0.266, 9.058 ± 0.063 mg/dl) (3.333±0.156, 4.146 ± 0.108 g/dl) respectively. This decrease to become less significant in renal transplantation patients (P<0.01). The Thyroid hormone levels were the results of the statistical analysis show a significant decrease of probability (P <0.001) in Thyroid hormone levels Free triiodothyronine in hemodialysis and kidney transplant patients as compared to the control (3.233±0.151, 4.519 ± 0.100, 5.191 ± 0.137 pmol/l) respectively. While Free Thyroxine levels did not show a significant difference at the hemodialysis group compared to control , while the renal transplant group the results indicated the presence of a significant increase of probability (P <0.01) in hormone levels as compared to control amounted to (16.400 ± 0.778, 14.671± 0.401 pmol/l ) respectively. did not significant affected variations of the thyroid - stimulating hormone among the two groups of patients compared to the control. Notes from the above results presence decrease in thyroid hormone levels Free triiodothyronine fT3 in patients with hemodialysis and kidney transplant.

تاثير الدقائق النانوية للفضة في بعض الجوانب التركيبية والوظيفية للجهاز التناسلي الذكري للفئران == Effect of Silver Nanoparticles On Some Structural And Functional Parameters of Male Reproductive System of Mice

Author name: امير محمد جعفر علي حسين البلداوي
Supervisor name: محمد ناجي طه
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تطرقت هذه الدراسة الى معرفة تاثير الدقائق النانوية للفضة (Ag NPs) في بعض الجوانب التركيبية والوظيفية للجهاز التناسلي الذكري للفئران. جرعت الحيوانات فمويا بالـ Ag NPs بجرعة 5 ملغم/مل وللمدد 5, 10, 15 يوما وفي اليوم التالي لانتهاء كل مدة معاملة تمت التضحية | This study touched to know the effect of silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on some organs of the reproductive system and the testosterone hormone in male albino mice. animals were orally dosed with 200 mg/kg of Ag NPs for 5, 10, 15 days and the next day to the end of each period of treatment has animal sacrificed and autopsy after taking their weights before and after the treatment for the comparison between them and then took the testes and epididymis (head and tail) from them after measuring their weights. This study included the study of changes in the weight of animals and organs, sperm characters in both the testes and epididymis, the percentage of cells generating sperm, the number of Leydig cells and the diameters of these cell nuclei, changes in the seminiferous tubules in the testes and changes in epididymis tubule and histopathological changes as well as changes in testosterone level. The results of the animals weights before treatment showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) compared to the weights of the same animals after treatment, while the results of this study after comparing with the control group showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the weights of testes and tunica albuginea for the periods of 5, 10 and 15 days. The epididymis showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the average weights of the epididymis head for the three periods while the average weights of the epididymis tail showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) for the periods of 10 and 15 days. The vitality and the concentration of the sperms showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in their percentages for the three periods. All the results above showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) when they compared between the three periods of the treatment. While the sperm abnormalities showed a significant increase (P<0.05) in their percentage in each of the testes and epidydimes for the periods 5, 10, 15 days with a significant increase (P<0.05) in these abnormalities when they compared between the three periods of the treatment. The histological results of this study after comparing to the control group revealed histopathological changes in the testes and the epididymis (head and tail). The percentage of spermatogenesis showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the number of spermatogonia, primary spermatocyte and sperms when compared to the control group with a significant decrease in the number of these cells when compared the three treatment periods with each other. While the number of secondary spermatocyte and spermatids was significantly increased (P<0.05) when compared with the control, with a significant increase in the number of these cells when comparing the three periods of treatment. Whereas the results of Leydig cells after comparing to the control group showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the number and the diameter of the cell nucleus. The results of this study also showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the thickness and the diameter of the seminiferous tubules of the testes and the thickness, The epithelium height of the epididymis (head and tail) when compared to the control group with significantly decrease in the thickness and diameter of the seminiferous tubules of the testes and the thickness and epithelium height of the epididymis (head and tail) when they compared between the three treatment periods. The results of this study when compared to the control group showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the level of the testosterone hormone with significantly increase (P<0.05) in the testosterone level when compared between the periods of 5, 10, 15 days. From these findings it is concluded that the AgNps crossed the blood - testis barrier and caused many changes to the testicular tissues and decreased the level of the testosterone. This may affect the fertility of mice.

دراسة تاثير جنس الجنين وبعض المتغيرات الفسلجية في تراكيز بعض الهرمونات والمتغيرات الاخرى في دم الحوامل لمدينة تكريت وضواحيها == Study The Effect of Fetus Gender And Some Physiological Variables On The Concentrations of Certain Hormones And Other Variables On Pregnant Blood In Tikrit City And Its Suburbs

Author name: مروه عصام سليمان
Supervisor name: وهبي عبد القادر سلمان
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: جرت هذه الدراسة في مختبرات مستشفى تكريت التعليمي ومراكز الرعاية الصحية ومختبر علوم الحياة في كلية التربية للبنات جامعة تكريت وضواحيها للفترة من تشرين الاول2011 ولغاية اذار 2012 لمعرفة تاثير مراحل الحمل وعوامل جنس الجنين وكتلة الجسم الحي وعمر الام والسكن ل | This study was conducted in the laboratories of Tikrit Teaching Hospital, health - care centers, and the laboratory of Biology in college girls education in Tikrit city and its suburbs from the period of October 2011 until March 2012. The study was performed to see the impact of the pregnancy stages; sex factors of the fetus; body mass index; the mother's age; and residence for pregnant women, in the concentration of : certain blood components (Hb, PCV, WBC); blood sugar; cholesterol; estrogen, progesterone and testosterone hormones; and (TSH, T3, and T4 hormones. The study included (90) women at different stages of pregnancy, and the number of pregnant women at every stage was (30), ranged their ages from (15 - 40) years. A sample of (10) ml blood was taken from the surveyed women. The serum was separated by the common methods of separation, and conducted thereon desired examinations, The outcomes were as follows : - 1. Superiority of the first and second stages of pregnancy significantly (P<0.05) in the concentration of (Hb, PCV), compared with the third stage. 2. Increasing the total count of white blood cells and the concentration of blood sugar and cholesterol significantly with the progress of pregnancy stages. 3. Increasing progesterone hormone concentration significantly with the progress of pregnancy stages, while the concentration of estrogen hormone decreased in the middle stage of pregnancy, and increased significantly in the first and third stages, whereas there were no significant differences in the concentrations of testosterone hormone during the different stages of pregnancy. 4. The concentration of TSH and T3 hormones were decreased significantly with the progress of pregnancy stages, while the concentration of T4 hormone was increased in the first and last stages of pregnancy.5. Superiority of male pregnancy significantly compared with the female pregnancy in the concentrations of Hb and PCV ratios during the first and second stages of pregnancy, while the opposite happened in the third stage.6. Superiority of male pregnancy significantly compared with the female pregnancy in the total count of white blood cells during the first and third stages of pregnancy.7. Superiority of male pregnancy significantly compared with the female pregnancy in the concentrations of blood sugar, while the female pregnancy surpassed significantly in the concentrations of cholesterol compared with the male pregnancy during all the pregnancy stages. 8. Superiority of female pregnancy significantly compared with the male pregnancy in the concentration of estrogen hormone in first stage, while the opposite happened in the third stage, while the male pregnancy surpassed significantly compared with the female pregnancy in the concentrations of testosterone hormone during second and third stages, as well as superiority of female pregnancy significantly compared with the male pregnancy in the concentration of progesterone hormone during the first and third stages of pregnancy, while the opposite happened in the second stage.9. Superiority of female pregnancy significantly compared with the male pregnancy in the concentrations of TSH hormone during the first stage of pregnancy, while the opposite happened in the third stage. while Superiority of male pregnancy significantly compared with the female pregnancy in the concentrations of T4 hormones during the first and second stage of pregnancy but the concentration of T3 superiority all pregnancy stages.10. A significant decrease in the values of Hb and PCV with increasing the body mass index during the second stage of pregnancy while the opposite happened in third stage of pregnancy.11. Increasing the total count of white blood cells significantly with increasing the body mass index in the first stage of pregnancy, while the opposite happened in the last stage of pregnancy. Increasing the concentration of blood sugar with increasing body mass index in first and second stages of pregnancy but concentration cholesterol decreasing significantly with increasing the body mass index.12. Decrease the concentrations of estrogen hormone significantly during first and second stages of pregnancy with increasing the body mass index for pregnant women, while a significant increase appeared in the concentration of progesterone hormone with increasing the body mass index during the second stage of pregnancy, and the opposite happened during the first and third stages. Testosterone hormone increased significantly with increasing the body mass index for pregnant women during first and second stages of pregnancy 13. A significant increase appeared in the concentrations of TSH hormone at pregnant women with decreasing the body mass index. while a significant increase for the concentration of T3 in first stage and T4 hormone increase at pregnant women during all stages of pregnancy with increasing the values of body mass index.14. No significant differences in values of Hb and PCV during the first and second stages of pregnancy for all ages, but the small ages surpassed significantly compared with the old ages during the third stage of pregnancy. while The total count of white blood cells decreased significantly with the progress of pregnant women's age during all pregnancy stages.15. The small age groups for pregnant women increased significantly in the concentration of blood sugar during the first stage of pregnancy, while they decreased significantly during the second stage of pregnancy.while Age did not affect significantly in the concentrations of cholesterol during the first stage of pregnancy, while the old age groups decreased significantly compared with the first and second age groups) 32 - 24), (23 - 15) during the second and third stages of pregnancy.16. The concentration of Estrogen hormone increased significantly with the age progress during the first and third stages of pregnancy compared with the second stage, while the concentrations of progesterone hormone decreased significantly at old ages during the first and third stages of pregnancy.The concentration of testosterone hormone was not affected significantly during the last stage of pregnancy for all ages, but it decreased significantly during the second stage of pregnancy compared with the first stage of pregnancy for all ages.17. A significant increase showed in for the concentration of TSH in first and the last stages while decreased significantly the concentration T3 and T4 hormones with the age - progress at all stages of age.18. No noteworthy impact for residence of pregnant women in all stages of age, cause its impact is very little on all the qualities covered in the present study.

تاثير بعضز الظروف البيئية على النظام الدفاعي المضاد للتاكسد خارج الخلوي لدى المدخنين والعاملين في مجال اللحام والاشعاع == Effect of Some Environmental Conditions On The Extra - Cellular Defense System Among Smokers And Workers In The Field of Radiation And Welding

Author name: معد رشيد مطلك الزبيدي
Supervisor name: مازن رزوقي محمد
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: تعد ظاهرة الاجهاد التاكسدي من اهم الميكانيكيات المحتملة لاحداث الضرر في النظام الحيوي عند التعرض لانواع مختلفة من المؤثرات والعوامل البيئية، ولذا تكون الانظمة المضادة للتاكسد هي اول من يتاثر بالزيادة الحاصلة في تكوين الجذور الفعالة المؤكسدة. لذلك تهدف هذ | The phenomenon of excessive oxidation considered the most important mechanism that cause potential damage to vital system when exposed to different forms of environmental factors, so anti - oxidants systems are the first to be affected by the increase formation of oxidizing radicals. For this reason, This study aims to determine the extent of the effect of some environmental conditions on the Extra - cellular antioxidant system, determine the most affected part in this system, study the correlation of this damage with other variable and to identify the natural values of different antioxidant system components. The study was carried out in the district of Baquba city, capital of Diyala province during the period from 10 October 2013 to 1 May 2014, the study group included (160) individual divided into four group (40) persons working in the field of welding, (40) persons workers in the radiation and (40) persons smokers and compared with (40) healthy people (the control group), all individual included in this study were male with age rang (25 - 45 years).Requested blood samples were taken for laboratory testes including complete blood count, and measurement of the following biochemical parameters, total serum protein, serum albumin, serum zinc, serum copper, serum iron, serum glutathione and malondialdehyde. The results of the laboratory test elicited that, the most common abnormalities in this study were the presence of low level of glutathione zinc, and copper in individual in all three study group in compare with controlled group and the differences were statistically significant(p value<0.05, <0.001, <0.01 respectively), also low level of iron in radiation group in compare with controlled groups and the differences were statistically significant(p value<0.01), and low level of proteins and albumin in smoking group in compare with controlled group and the differences were statistically significant(p value<0.01).also results of the current study revealed increased in the level malondialdehyde (MDA) in all three study groups in compare with controlled group and the differences were statically significant (p value<0.01). and increased levels of protein and albumin in the radiation and welder group in compare with controlled groups and the differences were statistically significant(p value<0.05) and increased in the level of iron in welder and smokers compare with control group and the differences were statistically significant (p value<0.001). The results of other laboratory test which include the complete blood count show High levels of white blood cells in all study groups compare with control group and the differences were statically significant (p value<0.001), and High levels of neutrophil and lymphocyte in welder and radiation group compare with control group and the differences were statically significant (p value<0.001). Results of the current study also showed increased levels of hematocrit, and red blood cells count and platelets count in a smokers group compare with control group and the differences were statically significant (p value<0.01).also there is increased in red blood cells count in radiation group in compare with controlled group (p value<0.05) , and decreased in platelets count in radiation group in compared with controlled group (p value<0.05).

البدانة عامل خطورة للاصابة بامراض القلب التاجية == Obesity As A Risk Factor For Coronary Heart Disease

Author name: نور غسان كاظم الدليمي
Supervisor name: حميد محمود مجيد
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: هناك مفهوم متنام يشير الى زيادة انتشار البدانة بين مرضى القلب التاجية Coronary heart disease (CHD), مما له الاثر الكبير في نشوء المرض ومضاعفاته, اذ يشابه عمل الخلية الدهنية adipocyteعضو الافراز الداخلي endocrine organ.ولمعرفة العلاقة بين البدانة وامراض | There is a growing concept that refers to the increased prevalence of obesity among patients with coronary heart disease. This has significant impact on the emergence of the disease and its complications as the work of the adipocyte resembles the work of the endocrine organ. This study comes to know the relationship between obesity and heart disease. To accomplish this, about 5cm3 of venous blood has been collected from 240 patients of coronary heart disease who are admitted to the resuscitation unit in Baquba Teaching hospital for the period 1st of December 2014 to1st of January 2015. The range of the patients' age is between 22 - 90 years old. The sample has been divided into three groups in accordance with body mass index and according to the classification of the American Institute. These groups are : natural weight from 18.5 - 24.9kg/m2, overweight from 25.00 - 29.9 kg/m2 and obesity30.00 kg/m2. The result shows that there is a significant rise in the fasting blood sugar, the total protein in serum and the systolic pressure with the rise of the body mass. While the level of the cholesterol, triacylgcerol and the remnant lipoprotein of the patient has not been affected with the different of the body mass. The patients with natural body mass index show significant rise in the total and direct bilirubin levels as compared with other groups with no significant differences among the groups in the levels of uric acid, urea, creatine, and phosphorus and iron ionic. We conclude that there is a correlation between the body mass index and the systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

تاثير الحمل في بعض وظائف الكبد وعدد من المتغيرات الدموية والكيموحيوية == The Effect of Pregnancy On Some Liver Functions And Blood And Biochemical Changes For The Pregnant Women In Al - Alam

Author name: رؤى حسين علوان الجبوري
Supervisor name: صالح محمد رحيم العبيدي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:
Abstract: تناولت هذه الدراسة تاثير الحمل في وظائف الكبد وعدد من صفات الدم الكيموحيوية حيث تم جمع عينات دم من نساء حوامل خلال مراحل الحمل الثلاث ومن نساء متزوجات غير حوامل كمجموعة سيطرة، وجرت هذه الدراسة في مركز العلم الصحي للفترة من اب 2008 الى ك 1 2009 وبلغ مجموع | This study took the effects of pregnancy on liver functions and number of biochemical blood characteristics, in which blood samples were taken from pregnant women during the three trimesters of pregnancy and from non - pregnant married women as a control group, and this study was done in The Alam health centre from August 2008 to December 2009, and the number of pregnant women were (120) women while the non - pregnant married women were (40) women, there ages were between 15 - 40 years old. The results of this study showed increase in Body Mass Index for pregnant women with progress of pregnancy compared with the non - pregnant married women givingP value (P<0.01) and there was appearance of specific elevation in Fibrinogen concentration in blood and Serum Albumin and Cholesterol concentration and Triglyceride in pregnant women compared with the non - pregnant married women giving P value (P<0.01). Also the results showed specific decrease in Bilirubin during the three trimesters of pregnancy compared with the non - pregnant married women especially in the third trimester giving P value (P<0.01). Also the results showed specific elevation in liver enzymes represented by Alkaline phosphatase and Aspartate transaminase enzyme and Alanine transaminase enzyme especially in the last two trimesters of pregnancy in comparision with the non - pregnant married women giving P value (P<0.01), but for Malondialdehyde, the results showed specific elevation during the three trimesters of pregnancy compared with the non - pregnant married women in contrast to the Glutathione antioxidants that showed specific decrease during the three trimesters of pregnancy in comparasion with the non - pregnant married women giving P value (P<0.01). And the study showed also the effects of pregnancy on the blood elements, in which there was obviouse decrease in number of Platelets during the three trimesters of pregnancy compared with the non - pregnant married women giving P value (P<0.01). And the Heamoglubin concentration, Red Blood Cell number and the mean corpuscle Volume Suffer Specific decrease during the three trimesters of pregnancy compared with the non - pregnant married women giving P value (P<0.01).

تقييم بعض الدلائل الحيوية وصورة الدهون وعلاقتها مع مرضى السكري من النوع الثاني == Assessment of Some Biomarkers And Lipid Profile In Relation With Diabetic Patients Type 2

Author name: عذراء باقر حسن الشيباوي
Supervisor name: ارشد نوري غني الدجيلي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: لازال البحث مستمرعن ايجاد متغيرات جديدة قد تساعد في تشخيص ومتابعة مرض السكر وهو من المجالات المهمة في ميادين البحث العلمي حيث ركزت بعض الدراسات على حالة الانسولين بينمراكزت بحوث اخرى على صورة الدهون والشدة التاكسدية كاسباب للسكري. اجريت هذه الدراسة لمرض | The search of a new parameters for monitoring and even prediction of diabetes mellitus (DM) are still an important issue in many research fields. Some studies focused on the role of insulin status, while others concentrated on lipid disturbances or even oxidative stress disorders in the diabetes. This study was conducted on randomly selected 68 type 2 diabetic patients (27 Males and 41 Females) attending the diabetes mellitus center in Al - Sadder Teaching Hospital in Al - Najaf province, Iraq and a group of 20 apparently healthy subjects (10 Males and 10 Females) were included as a control group. The study was carried out from February 2013 to July 2013. The age of patients and control groups were range of 35 - 65years. The concentration of fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL, HDL, Apelin, Omentin, Vaspin, Visfatin and BMI were estimated in patients and control groups. The results show significant increase (P?0.05) in fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL, VLDL, Apelin, Vaspin and Visfatin levels in patients compared with control groups, also the results show significant decrease (P?0.05) in HDL and Omentin level in patients compared with control groups. The results revealed that all biomarkers (Apelin, Omentin, Vaspin and Visfatin) not significant difference (P>0.05) in patients at different ages. The results also revealed that biomarkers (Apelin, Vaspin and Visfatin) levels increase significantly (P?0.05) in males than females in both patients and control groups, while the result of omentin level reveal no significant difference (P>0.05) between males and females in both patients and control groups. The results also revealed that significant increase (P?0.05) in BMI in patients compared with control groups. The results also show that biomarkers (Apelin, Vaspin and Visfatin) concentration increase significantly (P?0.05) with increasing BMI in males than females compared with control groups, while the result of omentin concentration show no significant difference (P>0.05) in patients and control groups and show lower significantly increase (P?0.05) in females than males compared with control groups. The results have been shown significant positive correlation (P?0.05) between biomarkers (Apelin, Vaspin and Visfatin) and FBG, cholesterol, triglyceride, LDL and VLDL in patients (males and females), while the results have been shown significant negative correlation (P?0.05) between biomarkers (Apelin, Vaspin and Visfatin) and HDL in patients (males and females). The results also have been shown significant negative correlation (P?0.05) between omentin and FBG, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL and VLDL in patients (males and females), while the results have been shown significant positive correlation (P?0.05) between omentin and HDL in patients (males and females). The results also have been shown no significant correlation (P>0.05) between Vaspin and FBG in patients (males and females). The present study concluded that Apelin, Omentin, Vaspin and Visfatin levels maybe that could be adopted as markers for detection and diagnosis of diabetic patients type 2.

دراسة مناعية ووراثية تتبعية لمرضى العقم من الرجال == A Prospective Immunological And Genetic Study of Infertile Men

Author name: علي عبد الزهرة مهدي الفحام
Supervisor name: يحيى كاظم السلطاني | عبد الزهرة كاظم محمد علي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: ان من الحقائق العلمية الثابتة اليوم ان الفحص الروتيني للسائل المنوي يعد عاملا تنبؤيا اجماليا للقدرة الاخصابية للرجال، ولذلك فان حاجة متزايدة بدات تبرز لاكتشاف فحوصات وظيفية جديدة في عملية تقييم العقم عند الرجال. ان الهدف الاساس من هذه الدراسة هو تعزيز الج | It is a scientific fact today that routine seminal fluid analysis is a key predictor of male reproductive potentiality ; so that there is an increasing need for finding out other functional tests in the assessment of male infertility. The main goal of the current study is to consolidate the scientific and practical efforts concerned with male infertility assessment especially from immunological and genetic aspects. The study was carried out between January 2013 and December 2013 including one hundred (100) selected infertile men who attended the Fertility Center in al - Sadr Medical City in Al - Najaf Al - Ashraf Governorate, the study also included twenty (20) healthy volunteer fertile men as a control. Serum and seminal antisperm antibodies (ASA) were determined by ELISA (Enzyme Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay) technique ; sperm chromatin condensation was evaluated by aniline blue staining (AB) ; sperm DNA fragmentation (damage) was evaluated by toluidine blue staining (TB). The results showed that the incidence and concentration of serum and seminal plasma ASA in the infertile men were significantly (p<0.05) higher than that in control fertile men. The incidence and concentration of serum and seminal ASA were also significantly (p<0.05) higher in normozoospermic infertile patients than that in control fertile men. There was a high significant negative correlation (p<0.01) between the concentration of serum and seminal plasma ASA in the infertile men and sperm motility and progressive motility, the concentration of serum and seminal ASA also showed a high significant positive correlation (p<0.01) with sperm agglutination, and a significant positive correlation (p<0.05) with seminal WBC count. The results also revealed that there were no significant effects (p>0.05) for patients' age, infertility duration, ABO blood groups and smoking habits on the levels of ASA in the serum and seminal fluid, while higher significant increase (p<0.01) in serum and seminal ASA concentrations was observed in infertile patients with varicocele as compared with those without. The results have also revealed that the percentage of sperm with chromatin decondensation and DNA damage has shown a high significant (p<0.01) increase in infertile patients compared to fertile men. There was also a significant increase (p<0.05) in sperm DNA damage in normozoospermic infertile patients comparing with fertile men, but no significant difference (p>0.05) was found in sperm chromatin condensation between normozoospermic patients and fertile men. Both sperm chromatin decondensation and sperm DNA damage showed a significant positive correlation (p<0.05) with sperm morphology, and a significant negative correlation (p<0.05) with sperm concentration, motility and progressive motility. The present study also revealed that the level of chromatin decondensation has been affected by patients' age, infertility duration, smoking habits and varicocele. It was observed that the higher percentage of chromatin decondensation was recorded in patients older than 37 years, and in patients subgroups with infertility duration more than 15 years, it was also higher in smoker as compared with non - smoker patients and in those with varicocele as compared with those without. Similarly, the level of sperm DNA damage has also been affected by patients' age, smoking habits and varicocele. It was observed that the highest percentage of sperm DNA damage was recorded in patients older than 37 years. The highest level of sperm DNA damage was also seen in smoker patients as compared with non - smokers and in those with varicocele as compared with those without. In contrast, the effect of infertility duration on sperm DNA damage was not statistically different (p>0.05). The correlation and regression results recorded high significant correlations (p<0.01) between serum ASA and seminal plasma ASA, and between sperm chromatin decondensation and sperm DNA damage. However, there was no significant correlation (p>0.05) between the level of serum and seminal ASA and each of sperm chromatin decondensation and sperm DNA damage. The current study concluded that the defects in sperm chromatin status (chromatin decondensation and DNA damage), and the immunological disorders caused by serum and seminal plasma ASA may - at least partially - contribute to the etiology of infertility of the patients under study, even in those with normal seminal parameters. However, it seems that ASA affect fertility in a pathway that is different from that affected by sperm chromatin defect. It was recommended that both sperm chromatin staining techniques and ASA tests could be routinely used as complementary tests to diagnose infertility.

دراسة مرضية فسلجية جزيئية لمرضى الثلاسيميا نوع بيتا في محافظة المثنى - العراق == Patho Physiological And Molecular Studies of ? - Thalassemia Patients In Al - Muthanna Province - Iraq

Author name: هناء علي عزيز
Supervisor name: خالد كاطع الفرطوسي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Muthanna
First pages:
Abstract: هدفت الدراسة الحالية لتقييم التغيرات الدمية والكيموحيوية للمرضى المصابين بالثلاسيميا نوع - ? وكذلك تحديد الطفرات المسببة للمرض بواسطة سلسلة تفاعل البوليمر ARMS - PCR ولاول مرة في محافظة المثنى - العراق. خلال الفترة من تشرين الاول - 2013 لغاية اذار - 2014. | The aim of this study was detected of hematological, biochemical changes and detection of mutations which cause ? - thalassemia by ARMS - PCR assay for the first time in Al - Muthanna province - Iraq, during the period from October - 2013 up to March - 2014. One hundred patients with thalassemia were examined in the present study as well as fifty apparently healthy people were selected as the control, their ages ranged between 2 - 20 years old, these patients were registered as thalassemic patients in "Thalassemia Unit" at "Feminine and Children Hospital" in Al - Muthanna province.The patients of ? - thalassemia were examined by using hematological and biochemical tests. The study recorded non significant differences at (P>0.05) in the infection percentage of male (56%) and female (44%) with thalassemia. The study showed a significant increase at (P<0.05) in the infection percentage of thalassemia in age groups, location, relative degree, blood group and infected viral hepatitis. The study indicated a significant decrease at (P<0.05) in red blood cells, hemoglobin and packed cell volume in all age groups compared with control groups. Also, the study showed a significant decrease at (P<0.05) in red blood cells of thalassemia between all age groups while it showed non significant differences at (P>0.05) in hemoglobin and packed cell volume of thalassemia between all age groups. The study showed a significant increase at (p<0.05) in platelets in age groups (1 - 5) years which was (356238+ 24244)U/L and (15 - 20) years was (278311+ 17640) U/L as compared with control groups (274000+84481) U/L and (216667+ 70384)U/L respectively. Also, the study recorded a significant increase at (P<0.05) in platelets of thalassemia in age group (1 - 5) years compared with other age groups. The study indicated a significant decrease at (P<0.05) in total white blood cells in all age groups as compared with control groups. Additionally, it showed a significant differences at (P<0.05) in total white blood cells of thalassemia between age groups.The study recorded a significant decrease at (P<0.05) in neutrophile in all age groups as compared with control groups. Moreover, it showed non significant differences at (P>0.05) in netrophile of thalassemia between all age groups. The study showed a significant decrease at (P<0.05) in basophile in age groups (1 - 5) years, (5 - 10) years and (15 - 20) years as compared with control groups. Furthermore, it showed a significant increase at (P<0.05) in basophile of thalassemia in age group (10 - 15) years as compared with other age groups. The study recorded a significant increase at (P<0.05) in eosinophile in all age groups as compared with control groups. Also, it showed non significant differences at (P>0.05) in eosinophile of thalassemia between all age groups. The study showed a significant increased at (P<0.05) in lymphocyte in age groups (1 - 5) years, (5 - 10) years and (10 - 15) years as compared with control groups. Also, it showed non significant differences at (P>0.05) in lymphocyte of thalassemia between all age groups. The study indicated a significant decrease at (P<0.05) in monocyte in age groups (5 - 10) years (1.094+ 0.093) % and (10 - 15) years (0.483+ 0.093) % as compared with control groups (5.166+ 1.359) and (5.824+ 1.555) respectively.Also, it showed a significant increase at (P<0.05) in monocyte of thalassemia between age groups. The study indicated a significant decrease at (P<0.05) in urea level in age groups(1 - 5) years (23.63+ 5.88) mg/dl and (5 - 10) years (26.86+ 6.45) mg/dl as compared with control group (35.37+7.90) mg/dl and (33.83+5.26) mg/dl. Inaddition, it recorded non significant differences (P>0.05) in urea of thalassemia between all age groups. The study showed a significant decrease at (P<0.05) in creatinine level in age groups (1 - 5) years, (10 - 15) years and (15 - 20) years as compared with control group. Also, it recorded non significant differences (P>0.05) in creatinine of thalassemia between all age groups. The study showed a significant increase at (P<0.05) in Alanine aminotransferase , bilirubin in all age groups as compared with control groups. Also, the study recorded non significant differences at (P>0.05) in Alanine aminotransferase of thalassemia between all age groups, while it showed significant increase (P <0.05) in bilirubin of thalassemia in age group (15 - 20) years as compared with age groups. The study indicated significant increase at (P<0.05) in Aspartate aminotransferase in age group (1 - 5) years (23.71+7.54)U/L as compared with control group (12.33+3.51) U/L. Also, it recorded non significan differences at (P>0.05) in Aspartate aminotransferase of thalassemia between all age groups. The study recorded a significant increase at (P<0.05) in concentration of ferritin in all age groups as compared with control groups. Also, it showed significant increase at (P <0.05) in ferritin of thalassemia in age group (15 - 20) years as compared with other age groups. The study showed non significant differences at (P>0.05) in concentration of uric acid and albumin in all age groups as compared with control groups. Also, it recorded non significant differences at (P>0.05) in uric acid and albumin of thalassemia between all age groups. The study indicated a significant decrease at (P<0.05) in total protein in age groups (1 - 5) years, (5 - 10) years and (10 - 15) years as compared with control groups. Also, it recorded non significant differences at (P>0.05) in total protein of thalassemia between all age groups. The study showed a significant decrease at (P<0.05) in calcium concentration in age groups (1 - 5) years, (10 - 15) years and (15 - 20) years as compared with control groups. Also, it recorded non significant differences at (P>0.05) in calcium concentration of thalassemia between all age groups. The present study diagnosed three types of mutation in ? - thalassemic patients by ARMS - PCR assay (IVS - I - 5, Codon 8\9, Codon15), the highest percent of ? - thalassemic patients mutation is IVS - I - 5 (53.8 %) followed by Codon 8\9 and Codon15 with percentage (27.6%) and (18.4 %) respectively

التشخيس المبكر لداء السكري النوع الاول باستخدام مضاد حمض الكلوتاميك منزوع الكاربوكسيل ومضاد البيروكسيديز الدرقي == Early Detection of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Using Anti - Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase And Anti - Thyroid Peroxidase

Author name: ريم محمد عبيد
Supervisor name: منذر مصطفى فتحي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Markers have been described in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), There is a number of specific and non specific antigens have been identified. The major autoantigens involved in the destructive process of beta - cells leading to the development of type 1 diabetes are insulin hormone, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), tyrosine phosphatase enzyme or Insulinoma - associated Antigen - 2(IA - 2).This study was conducted to find the relationship between antibodies for this antigens (insulin, GAD and IA - 2) and T1DM which could be used for the early detection of T1DM in normal Iraqi population. To study the importance of anti - thyroid peroxidase (anti - TPO) as a marker for autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) in T1DM patients, and to find the relationship between T1DM and ATD.The study was carried out on 50 blood samples of men and 30 blood samples of women with age ranged from (20 - 60 years old), they were divided in to three groups : 1. Group 1 (20 men and 10 women) whom have fasting plasma glucose (FPG) above 180 mg/dL.2. Group 2 (20 men and 10 women) whom have FPG ranged from 120 - 180 mg/dL.3. Group 3 (10 men and 10 women) whom have FPG below 120 mg/dL.Blood samples were collected from all subjects, FPG and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured. The levels of insulin, anti - insulin, anti - GAD, anti - IA - 2 and anti - TPO antibodies were measured in the serum.The statistical analysis results showed no significant difference in the presence of antibodies, HbA1c and FPG between men and women groups, inspite of some simple differences between the two groups.A significant (p<0.05) elevation in the level of FPG and HbA1c was observed in diabetic patients group compared withnon diabetic group. Significant (p<0.05) decrease in the level of insulin of T1DM patients was noticed compared to non diabetic group. Significant (p<0.05) elevation in the level of (anti - insulin, anti - TPO) in T1DM patients compared with non diabetic group. Elevation in the level of (anti - GAD, anti - IA - 2) in the T1DM patients compared with non diabetic group.The results also showed that no positive results for (anti - insulin, anti - TPO) present in the non diabetic group. One positive result for anti - GAD and one positive result for anti - IA - 2 present in the non diabetic group, which indicate the importance of anti - GAD and anti - IA - 2 antibodies ssay in normal population that could be used as early detection of T1DM.

دراسة فسلجية لمرضى الفشل الكلوي قبل وبعد الديلزة في محافظة واسط == A Physiological Study of Renal Failure Patients Pre And Post Dialysis In Wasit Province

Author name: تمارة حمد احمد العقبي
Supervisor name: كاظم جهيد كاطع الطائي | هيثم قاسم محمد
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Wasit
First pages:
Abstract: تم اجراء هذه الدراسة في كلية العلوم/ قسم علوم الحياة في جامعة واسط وبالتعاون مع مركز الكلية الصناعية في محافظة واسط للفترة من 1/10/2012 ولغاية 1/5/ 2013 لغرض دراسة التغيرات الفسلجية التي تحدث لمرضى الفشل الكلوي بنوعيه الغسيل الدموي والغسيل البريتوني قبل و| This study was conducted in the Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Wasit. The samples were collected in cooperation with artificial kidney center in AL - Kut Hospital, AL - Kut city, Wasit Province, during the period from 1 /10/2012 to 1/5/2013. In order to study the physiological changes of renal failure patients before and after hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. The blood samples were taken from one hundered thirty four patients for this study.The patients in this study were divided into two groups according to the type of dialysis : 94 hemodialysis patients, 52 males with age range (21 - 69) years and 42 females with age range (20 - 70) years, 40 peritonial dialysis patients, 24 males with age range (21 - 60) years and 16 females with age range (23 - 63) years. All results were compared with the results of 57 healthy person who were selected from both sexes (29 males and 28 female). Eight milliliters of venous blood were collected from control subjects and patients with renal failure by using disposable syringe of 10 ml before and after dialysis process.The blood analyses was conducted for evaluating the hematological parameters which are included (Hb, PCV, WBCs and PLT ) biochemical parameters which include (Blood Urea, Serum Creatinine, Total Protein and Calicum) electrolyte parameters which include sodium and potassium, measured concentration of (Erythropoietin and Aldosterone) hormone in patients with renal failure before and after dialysis and control groups and measure the effectiveness of phagocytic cells in patients with renal failure before dialysis by using Nitroblue Tetrazolium stain (NBT). The study revealed the following results : 1 - When comparing the results of parameters between before and after hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis with healthy control show the following : a - Significant decrease (P < 0.01) in the levels of (Hb and PCV) while significant increase (P < 0.01) in PLT in renal failure patients before and after dialysis compared to healthy control and significant increase (P < 0.01) in the numbers of WBCs in male peritoneal dialysis patients compared to healthy control.b - Significant increase (P < 0.01) in urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium and in the aldosterone hormone concentration in renal failure patients before and after dialysis compared to healthy control.c - Significant decrease (P < 0.01) in the erythropoietin hormone concentration, total protein, calcium and phagocytic cells activity in renal failure patients compared to healthy control.2 - When comparing the results of parameters between before and after dialysis for each type of dialysis showing the following : - a - All hematological parameters and the concentration of hormones (Erythropoietin and Aldosterone) observe no significant differences between before and after dialysis.b - Significant decrease in the levels of urea, creatinine and there is a significant increase in the levels of total protein and calcium after dialysis comparing with before dialysis.c - Significant decrease in the levels of potassium in hemodialysis patients after dialysis comparing to before dialysis and there is a significant decrease in the levels of sodium and potassium after peritoneal dialysis comparing to before dialysis. 3 - When comparing the results of males and females hemodialysis with males and females peritoneal dialysis shows the following : a - Significant increases in numbers of WBCs before and after dialysis in the male and female peritoneal dialysis comparing with hemodialysis b - Significant decreases in the levels of urea and creatinine after dialysis in the male and female peritoneal dialysis comparing with hemodialysis.c - No significant difference in the levels of Hb, PCV, PLT, total protein, calcium, sodium, potassium, the phagocytic activity and the concentration of hormones (Erythropoietin and Aldosterone) before and after dialysis in the male and female hemodialysis comparing with peritoneal dialysis. We conclude that renal failure patients in Wasit Province suffer from severe anemia, high blood pressure, increase in the levels of urea and creatinine, disturbance in the levels of potassium, sodium and calcium with deficiency in the body's immunity.

Isolation And Purification Of Pregnancy - Specific Protein B (PSPB) From One - Humped Female Camel (Camelus Dromedarius) For Early Pregnancy Detection

Author name: ياسين طه عبد الرحمن
Supervisor name: طلال انور عبد الكريم | هاني منيب محمد امين الراوي
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

Effect Of Co - enzyme Q10 On In Vitro Bovine Oocyte Maturation , Fertilization and Early Embryonic Development

Author name: محمد عبد الكريم عبد الحسن الطائي
Supervisor name: عبد الله محمد حسن شبر | محمد باقر محمد رشاد فخر الدين
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Doctorate
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تاثير فيتامين E والسيلينيوم في بعض الصفات الفسلجية وانتاج ومكونات الحليب في ماعز المرعز == EFFECT OF VITAMIN E AND SELENIUM INJECTION ON SOME PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS , MILK YIELD AND COMPOSITIONS AND THE GROWTH OF MERIZ GOATS KIDS

Author name: وسيم خالد احمد خروفة
Supervisor name: صائب يونس عبد الرحمن قهوجي
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Zoology - Physiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Mosul
First pages:
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