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اثر التطبيق الموضعي من الكركمين مسحوق وزيت اساسي على التئام جروح الجلد : دراسة نسيجية وكيميائية نسيجية مناعية في الارانب Evaluation The Effect of Topical Application of Curcumin Powder And Essential Oil On Skin Wound Healing In Rabbits (Histological And Immunohistochemical Study On IGF - 1R)

اسم المؤلف: نضال حسين محمد
اسم المشرف: بان عبد الغني جميل
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الانسجة الفموية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: خلفية الموضوع : طب الاعشاب يمكن ان يعرف كواحد من فروع الطب باشكال مختلفة. وقد اثبت كركمين الكركم فعاليته كماده ملونة، ومنكهة واستخدم تقليديا في الطب،فقد اظهر له خصائص ملحوظه مضادة للالتهابا ت، مضادات الاكسده وخصائص بيولوجية متنوعة.ان عدم وجود سمية للكركم | Back ground : Herbal medicine can be called one of the branches of medicines in various forms.Turmeric curcumin has proved it's efficiencies a coloring, flavoring agent and has been traditionally used in medicine, exhibiting remarkable anti - inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. The varied biological properties of curcumin and lack of toxicity even when administered at higher doses makes it attractive toexplore its use in various disorders like diseases of skin.It is good potential agent for wound healing.Considerable interest has been focused on curcumin compound, mechanisms that drive wound repair are complex and have challenged wound - healing investigators for many years.Aims of the study : To evaluate the effects of topical application of curcumin (powder and essential oil)on skin wound healing histologically and immunhistochemically.Materials and methods : Sixty four New Zealand rabbits were used in this study, they were divided into four groups (16 animals for each healing period)each group was subdivided as follows : - Experimental groups(8 rabbits)subdivided into : a - Right facial side of(eight rabbits animal) for essential oil application Left facial side of(eight rabbits animal)for curcumin powder application - Control group (eight rabbits)(right facial sides used as control). Histological evaluation of wound healing was performed for all studied groups.Imunohistochemical analysis was utilized to localize and characterizethe IGF - R1 immuno positive cells at the wound site of allgroups (experimental and control).Results : Histological findings of the present study have shown that reepithelialization, wound contraction were accelerated after topical application of curcumin and essential oil. The results ofimmunohistochemical examination of this study revealed that there was increased expression of IGF - 1R by epithelial and connective tissue cells of skin especially with the topical application of curcumin oil at wound site.Conclusion : - Essential oil is more effective in enhancement of wound healing regarding histological and immuonohistochemical assessment revealed higher mean values of positive expression for insulin growth factor1receptor(IGF - 1R) , (for both stromal and epidermal).

دراسة نسيجية , شكليه نسيجيه ونسيجية مناعية للاستخدام الموضعي ل VEGF / Collagen I في تجويف الاسنان المقلوعة : دراسة تجريبية على الجرذان Histological, Histomorphometrical And Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Local Application of Collagen I And /Or Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (An Experimental Study In Rats

اسم المؤلف: رفل راشد عبد السادة
اسم المشرف: عذراء يحيى الحجازي
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: امراض ما حول الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Back ground : Healing socket consists of three new tissue components; epithelium, connective tissue, and bone tissue. Interactive dynamic changes take place between these 3 components during healing period.During the process of healing of the extraction socket the following events occur : firstly, a blood clot (mainly blood cells and network of fibrin) forms and fills the empty socket. Then, the blood clot matures and is organized by the formation of granulation tissue (rich in newly formed vascular structure, abundance of inflammatory cells. The granulation tissue replaces the blood clot completely by the seventh day. After 20 days, the granulation tissue was replaced by collagen, and bone began forming at the base and the periphery of the extraction socket. Epithelium covers the newly formed bone that filled the socket.The healing cascade of all wounds ultimately requires neovascularization, collagen deposition, and collagen constriction by myofibroblasts. Neovascularization in the adult is known to occur by two distinct processes, angiogenesis and vasculogenesis which needs for expression of VEGF.Aim of the study : Histological ,Histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical studies to evaluate the effect of local application of exogenous VEGF/collagen I separately and as a combination in socket healing.Materials and Method : Sixty male Albino Wistar rats were subjected for a surgical tooth extraction of upper 1st molar of both sides ( right side was considered as experimental site ,while left be the control one).The animals were divided into following groups according to the applicable of biomaterials.A. Control group the tooth socket treated with 1?L of normal salineB. Experimental group includes• Group I contains (20) rats, the tooth socket treated with 1?L of VEGF• Group II contains (20) rats the tooth socket treated with 1?L ofcollagen type I• Group III contains (20) rats, the tooth socket treated with 1?L of a combination of VEGF and collagen I. Each group is composed of 20 rats that will be studied in four periods 3,7,14,28 days (5 rats for each period).The specimens were studied histologically histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical identification of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and tissue non specific alkaline phosphtase (ALP).Results : 1. Histological findings for all groups illustrate formation of blood clot at 3 days.2. Granulation tissue appears in all groups at 7 days period, and new bone is demonstrated in collagen group and a highly cellular woven bone with active proliferative osteoblast and newly blood vessel is detected in combination group.3. At 14 days new epithelization and new bone trabeculae with fibrous tissue are presented mostly in all groups but with different constitution.4. At 28 days all groups show reepithelization but in different thickness, and with newly bone apposition and with different maturity.5. For positive cells expressed ALP VEGF group records a high mean values at 3,14,28 days periods and with high differences in comparisum to other groups while control group reports a high mean value at 7 days.6. For positive cells expressed FGF2.Control group illustrates a high record for the mean of positive cells expressed FGF2 at 3,7days periods and with high differences in comparisum to other groups, while combination group reports a high mean value at 14 days.7. Results demonstrated that in most periods for each group ,whenever ,ALP is a high value in expression ,records a low expression in FGF2.Conclusion : Results ,high lighted on the effect of local application of VEGF in extracted tooth socket that facilited epithelization ,while combination of (Collagen and VEGF ) shows a high mineralization zone.

تقييم الظهور النسيجي الكيميائي المناعي لفايروسات (EBV,HPV16 - 18,HSV1) في الحزاز المنبسط الفموي Assessment of The Immunohistochemical Expression of Epstein - Barr , Human Papilloma (18 ,16) And Herpes Simplex - 1 Viruses In Oral Lichen Planus

اسم المؤلف: تانیه عبد الاله الطحان
اسم المشرف: احلام حمید مجید
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: امراض ما حول الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد مرض الحزاز المسطح الفموي من الامراض الشائعة ولة مسار مرضي مرتبط بالخلايا المناعية ويرتبط باختلالات الاداء المناعي للجسم مع بعض الفرضيات التي تربط وقوع المرض بالعدوى الفايروسية. وھو من عائلة الھربس الفايروسية، بوقوع بعض الامراض ك "كثرة الوحيدات، EBV ار | oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory immune - mediated disease, The antigen responsible for inducing OLP is still unidentified, although viral agents have been proposed as etiologic factors. Viral infection (Epestin - barr,human papilloma and herpes simplex) has been hypothesized as a predisposing factor in the pathogenesis of this disease.Aims of study : The aim of this study was to assess the expression of Epstein Barr virus , Human Papilloma virus 16& 18 and Herpes Simplex virus - 1 immunohistochemistry in oral lichen planus cases and evaluate whether any clinical variant, histopathological or demographic feature correlates with the expression of these viruses.Materials and Methods : This study was performed on thirty formalin fixed, paraffin - embedded tissue Blocks of oral lichen planus retrospectively. An immunohistochemical staining done by using monoclonal antibodies EBV and HPV 18&16 and polyclonal antibody HSV1. Results : Expression of EBV was highly detected in epithelium of oral lichen planus cases (46.6%), no statistically significant correlation was found with clinical parameters.Astatistically significant with sex was observed.Immunostaning results revealed negative expression for both HPV16 & HPV18 in the studied cases except one case which was positive for each viruses. No statistically correlation was found with clinical parameters. Herpes simplex virus - 1 expression was positive in 12 cases (40%) of oral lichen planus cases. Statistically barely significant correlation with sex and clinical types, and a non significant one wasfound with age.ConclusionEpstein Barr and Herpes simplex viruses are present in considerable amounts in oral lichen planus whereas Human papilloma viruses 16 and 18 are rarely present.Taking into account the potential of viruses in OLP.

المؤشر الورمي CA153 عناصر مختارة في اللعاب وعلاقتها بصحة الفم والاسنان ضمن مجموعة من النساء العراقيات المصابات بسرطان الثدي Salivary Tumor Marker CA15 - 3 And Selected Elements In Relation To Oral Health Status Among A Group of Iraqi Breast Cancer Women

اسم المؤلف: بسمة عبد الباري عزیز
اسم المشرف: احلام طه محمد
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Background : Breast cancer is the commonest type of malignancy worldwide and in Iraq. It is a serious disease that affects the general health and cause systemic changes that affect the physical and chemical properties of saliva leading to adverse effects on oral health.Aims of the study : The aims of this study were to assess the oral health condition (including dental caries, oral cleanliness and periodontal health condition), to evaluate the changes in salivary flow rate and to assess the concentration of tumor marker CA15 - 3 and selected elements (calcium, phosphorus, zinc, copper, total proteins) in saliva and their relation to oral variables among breast cancer women in comparison to control group.Subjects, Materials and Methods : The total sample consisted of 60 women aged 35 - 45 years attending Al - Kadhemyia Teaching Hospital. Those comprised 30 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer before starting treatment and 30 women without clinical signs and symptoms of breast cancer as a control group.Diagnosis and recording o f dental caries was done by using DMFS indexaccording to the criteria of WHO (1987). Plaque index of Silness and Loe (1964) and calculus component of Ramfjod index for periodontal disease (1959) were applied to assess oral cleanliness. Periodontal disease was evaluated using the gingival index (Loe and Silness, 1963) and loss of attachment level (Ramfjord, 1959). Stimulated salivary samples were collected and salivary flow rate, salivary CA15 - 3, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, copper ions and total proteins were determined.Results : Results showed that caries experience (DMFS) was higher among the study group compared with the control group but the difference was statistically not significant. The mean values of plaque index, calculus index, gingival index and loss of attachment were higher among the study group than the control group with a highly significant difference (P<0.01).The salivary levels of CA15 - 3 in breast cancer patients were higher than that of the controls with a highly significant difference (P<0.01). All the correlations between salivary CA15 - 3 and dental caries and periodontal diseases were statistically not significant.The salivary flow rate was lower among the study group than control group with a highly significant difference (P <0.01). Higher concentrations of salivary phosphorus, copper and total proteins were recorded among study group compared to control with statistically highly significant differences concerning phosphorus and copper (P<0.01). On the other hand, salivary calcium and zinc were lower among study group compared to control group with statistically highly significant difference concerning zinc (P<0.01). All the correlations between the caries experience and salivary constituents in the study and control groups were weak and not significant except the correlation with total proteins in the control group which was significantly positive. Concerning the correlations of oral hygiene and periodontal disease with salivary constituents, the study showed that all the correlations were weak and not significant except the correlations between the total proteins with loss of attachment in study group and with dental plaque in control group which were significantly positive relations.Conclusions : This study showed that the breast cancer patients had poor oral hygiene and higher rates of periodontal diseases and dental caries, therefore special preventive programs need to be designed for this group of patients. Also the results of this study could support the concept that salivary oncentrations of CA15 - 3 might serve to be used in the detection of breast cancer and/or the po operative follow - up of patients under treatment for carcinoma of the breast

تاثير انواع مختلفة من المواد الملونة على الاستقرار اللوني للحاصرات التقويمية الخزفية المرتبطة مع انواع مختلفة من المواد اللاصقة الضوئية التصلب : دراسة مختبرية Effect of Different Staining Materials On Color Stability of Sapphire Brackets Bonded With Different Types of Light Cure Orthodontic Adhesives (An In Vitro Study)

اسم المؤلف: الاء فالح البو حسن
اسم المشرف: نضال حسين غايب
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: لقد ازدادت الحاجة الى استعمال الاجهزة التقويمية التجميلية في هذه الايام مما دفع مقومي الاسنان الى البدء باستخدام الاسلاك التجميلية والحاصرات التجميلية بالاضافة الى الاشرطة المطاطية التجميلية.الحاصرات التقويمية الشبيهة بلون الاسنان انتجت من انواع مختلفة م | The demand for better esthetic during orthodontic treatment has increased now a days, so orthodontists starting using esthetic arch wires, brackets and ligatures.Tooth colored brackets were introduced in different types of materials.Sapphire ceramic brackets are one type of esthetic brackets and their color stability remains the main concern for the clinicians and patients at the same time.The present study design to evaluate the effect of three different staining materials (black tea, pepsi and cigarette smoke) on the stainability of sapphire ceramic brackets bonded with three types of light cure orthodontic adhesives whichinclude : Resilience, Enlight and Transbond. The sample consisted of three hundred sixty sapphire brackets. The brackets were divided according to bonding materials into three groups each group consist of one hundred twenty brackets, then each subgroup further subdivided into four groups according to the material they were immersed (distilled water, black tea, Pepsi and cigarette smoke) with thirty brackets each, then each group with ten brackets further subdivided according to time interval of immersion in each media into three groups one day, seven days and fourteen days at 37°C in the incubator. A UV - Visible spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, UV - 1800) was used to perform a light absorption test.ANOVA and LSD tests were used to identify the significant effects of the staining materials at a significance level P ? 0.05.It was found that the immersion time gradually influenced the color stability of the adhesive materials with sapphire brackets with the highest activity observed at fourteen days interval. The brackets bonded with Resilience light cure adhesive are the most type affected by staining materials, then followed by the brackets bonded with Transbond and finally the brackets bonded with Enlight lightcure adhesive.For the staining materials it was found that the cigarette smoke is the mostpowerful staining material, followed by tea and finally pepsi.From the above result we can conclude that the type of adhesive must takein consideration when the esthetic brackets have been used.

دراسة المضاعفات الفموية الوجهية, مؤشرات عامل - الغلوبيولين المناعي اللعابي A , الانترليوكين 6 وعامل تنخر الورم الفا في لعاب مرضى بيتا ثلاسيميا الكبرى في محافظة ميسان Study of Orofacial Complications, Salivary IgA, Interleukin - 6 And Tumor Necrosis Factor - Alpha Markers In Saliva of Beta - Thalassemia Major Patients In Missan Governorate

اسم المؤلف: جمال محبس ديوان
اسم المشرف: زاهدة جاسم محمد
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: الثلاسيميا نوع بيتا هو الاضطراب الاحاد اليين الاكثر شيوعا في الشرق الاوسط، والتي تتميز بشذوذ في تركيب سلاسل بيتا من خضاب الدم مما يؤد الى ظواهر متفاوتة تتراوح بين فقر الدم الشديد الى عدم وجود اعراض سريريا.اهداف الدراسة : تحديد مدى انتشار المضاعفات الفمو | Beta - thalassemia is the most common monogenic known disorder in the Middle East, characterized by anomalies in the synthesis of the beta chains of hemoglobin resulting in variable phenotypes ranging from severe anemia to clinically asymptomatic Individuals. Several immunological defects can be found in patients with beta - thalassemia major patients, among which circulating cytokines levels, impairment of neurophil, macrophage phagocytic and killing functions, this impairment may be due to iron over load.Aims of study : Aims of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Orofacial complications in beta - thalassemia major patients, salivary flow rate, salivary levels of salivary immunoglobulin A, interleukin - 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha and to evaluate correlations between salivary parameters (salivary immunoglobulin A, interleukin - 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and salivary flow rate) in beta thalassemia major patients.Methods : Sixty subjects were participated in this study, they were divided into two groups, patients group composed of 30 patients with major beta - thalassemia, age rang (5 - 23), and 30 healthy looking subjects of both sexes as a control group, age rang (5 - 25). Data was collected using a special formula for general, medical and Orofacial examination sheet. Whole non - stimulated saliva was collected, measured and analyzed by enzyme linked immmunosorbent assay.Results : Most patients were in the first and second decade of life (90%), 20 (60%) were males and 10 (40%) were females with an age rage (5 - 23 years). The prevalence of Orofacial complications in beta - thalassemia major patients increased with age.The prevalence of orofacial complications in beta - thalassemia major patients were color change of oral mucosa (73.3%), rodent face (66.7%), maxillaryprotrusion (66.7%), saddle nose (63.3%), deep bite (26.7%)), open bite (13.3%) and spacing (10%).Regarding the salivary flow rate there was a statistically significant decrease in mean of salivary flow rate in patients group as compared with control group (P= 0.013).Laboratory investigations for salivary concentration of interleukin - 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and salivary immunoglobulin A revealed highly significant to significantly in mean of these parameters in beta thalassemia major patients as compared with control group, interleukin - 6 (p=0.001), tumor necrosis factor alpha (p= 0.01) and salivary immunoglobulin A (p= 0.05) at P value ? 0.05.Conclusions : Beta - thalassemia major patients have specific Orofacial complications and a particular salivary cytokines compared to normal individuals.

سمك العظم الشدقي في مناطق مختلفة من الفك السفلي واهميتة السريرية في تثبيت المسامير الحلزونية احادية القشرة باستخدام جهاز الاشعة المقطعية متعدد الشرائح Thickness of Buccal Bone At Various Sites of Themandible And Its Clinical Significance In Monocortical Screws Placementusing Multislice Computed Tomography

اسم المؤلف: حوراء نوري عطا لله
اسم المشرف: لمياء حامد النقيب
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: اشعة الفم والاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) using miniplates and screws is the treatment of choice for mandibular fractures.Using miniplates and screws along the ideal line of osteosynthesis provides sufficient support and stability to the bone fragments to allow immediate function. It is important to know both : the region where the bone providesafirm anchorage for the screw,andthe topography of thedental apices and inferior alveolar nerve to avoiddamaging them when inserting the screwThe aim of study : The purpose of this study is to determine the thickness of buccal cortical plate and that of buccal bone using computed tomography,at the parasymphysis and mandibular body, thereby determining the area that provide afirm anchorage and the maximum length of mono - cortical screws that can be safely placed in these regions without injuring the tooth roots orinferior alveolar nerve.Materials and Methods : The sample of the present study was a total of 110 Iraqi patients (77 males & 33 females) aged (18 - 35) years old who admitted to Computed Tomography scan unit in AL - SadrTeaching Hospital in Al - Najaf city to getComputed Tomographic examination of facial bones from November 2013 to May 2014. The conventional section of CT (axial) wasused to do the measurements and dental planning analysiswhich is a specific investigation protocol was also used.The thickness of buccal cortical plate and the thickness of buccal bone were measured at the level of root apex of (canine, first premolar, second premolar) and at the level of : root apex and inferior alveolar canal in (mesial and distal root of first and second molar). Results : The mean buccal bone thickness at canine area was (3.7 - 4.3 mm), in premolars area (3.6 - 4 mm), in molar area (at the level of apex) (5.6 - 6 mm), in molar area (at the level of inferior alveolar canal) (5.2 - 5.6 mm) for females and males respectively. The mean buccal cortical plate thickness at canine area was (1.4 - 1.6 mm), in premolars area (1.5 - 1.7 mm), in molar area (at the level of apex) (2.4 - 2.6 mm), in molar area (atthe level of inferior alveolar canal) (2.4 - 2.3 mm) for females and males respectively.There was no statistically significant age and gender difference in buccal cortical plate thickness and buccal bone thickness. Conclusion : Buccal cortical plate thickness and buccal bone thickness in various sites of the mandible could be measured precisely using Multislice Computed Tomography which can guide surgeons in selecting the proper screw length without causing injury to rootapex or inferior alveolar nerve.

تاثير الجنس،العمر وفقدان السن على ابعاد القناة الثاقبة والعظم الامامي للقناة : دراسة بالتصوير المقطعي Effect of Gender, Age And Tooth Loss On The Dimensions of Incisive Canal, And Buccal Bone Anterior To The Canal (Computed Tomography Study)

اسم المؤلف: رياحين غازي رشيد
اسم المشرف: احلام احمد فتاح
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: اشعة الفم والاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: القناة الثاقبة تركيب تشريحي لھا موقعا ھاما في الفك العلوي الامامي، دراسة خصائص ھذه القناة وتقييم علاقتھا مع العظم الامامي للقناة ضروري خلال زرع القواطع المركزية العلوية. الاشعة المقطعية لھذه المنطقة يمكن ان توفر ميزات دقيقة عن حدود وموقع القناة الثاقبة | The incisive canal is an anatomical structure with an important location in the anterior maxilla, analyzing this canal characteristics and evaluated its relation to the bone anterior to the canal is necessary during dental implantation of maxillary central incisors. CT scan image for this region can provide accurate features about the border, position of incisive canal and status of buccal bone anterior to this canal.Aim of the study : To study for the effect of gender, age and tooth loss in area of maxillary central incisors teeth on the dimensions of the incisive canal and buccal bone anterior to the canal using spiral computed tomography.Subjects, Materials and Methods : The sample consisted of prospective study for 156 subjects of both gender. The sample were divided into two groups, 120 dentate group (60 male and 60 female) with age ranging from (20 - 70) and 36 edentate group(with missing both maxillary central incisor) (18 male and 18 female) with age ranging from (50 - 70), which was further divided into two group according to the duration of maxillary central incisorsteeth loss, long duration (5+) years which consists of 26 subjects and short duration (<5 years) which consists of 10 subjects. All subjects attended to Baquba Teaching General Hospital in Diyala for Computed Tomographic scan investigation for different Maxillofacial diagnostic purposes from November/2013 to April/2014.Using sagittal section of computed tomography scan, the following measurementswere done : A - The diameters of incisive canal were measured at crestal, middle and apical level and the total mean value of canal diameters was calculated. B - The length of incisive canal.C - The distance of buccal bone anterior to incisive canal at crestal, middle and apical level and the total mean value of buccal bone distances was calculated. D - The length of buccal bone anterior to incisive canal from the apical measurement of buccal bone to the alveolar crest. The measuring unit was in millimeter in all measurements.Result : Gender had moderately strong effect on the dimensions of incisive canal and buccal bone anterior to this canal, the mean values begin generally higher for male as compared to female for both control and cases group. Absence of maxillary central incisors decreased incisive canal length and buccal bone dimensions with mean values begin higher in control group than that in cases group, the effect of teeth loss on these selected measurements seem to be strong ;however, canal diameter remain unchanged with dental status and there was no effect of teeth loss on this parameter.There was a moderately strong to strong effect of the duration of maxillary central incisors teeth loss on canal length and buccal bone dimensions with mean values being significantly lower in long duration (5+) years than that in short duration (<5 years) while it had weak effect on incisive canal diameter for both gender. The results showed that there was no significant linear correlation between age and all selected measurements in male and female for both control and cases group. Conclusion : CT scan is a valuable tool to evaluate the anatomic variation at the examined area in the current study, gender and dental status are important factors that can affect incisive canal characteristics and amount of bone anterior to the canal. Clinicians should perform careful planning using CT scans before performing dental implant surgeries in premaxillary region.

قياس كثافة العظم السنخي في الفك العلوي في سن 13 - 15 سنة باستخدام المفراس الحلزوني Measurment of Maxillary Alveolar Bone Density At 13 - 15 Years Age Using Spiral Omputerized Tomography

اسم المؤلف: ازهار عبد الامير فرج
اسم المشرف: فخري عبد علي الفتلاوي
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Bone density is a major factor that affect mini implant primarily stability. No Iraqi studies had been evaluated bone density related to mini - implant placement for orthodontic anchorage at age 13 - 15 years.The present research aims to evaluate gender, side and site differences in the bone density at various orthodontic implant sites for the maxillary alveolar bone (cortical; buccal and palatal and cancellous).The sample of this study consisted of CT images for patients who were attending Al. Shaheed Ghazi Al - Hariri Hospital/the Computerized Tomography department from January 2014 until May 2014. Twenty nine individuals (16 males and 13 females) had subjected to clinical examination, then 64 - multislice computed tomography scan data were evaluated and bone density was measured in Hounsfield unit at 21 points (9 points for each side and 3 points between the right and left central incisors).The results obtained showed that there were no significant differences in bone density between males and females and between the left and right sides. There are no significant differences in bone density between the maxillary buccal cortical bone and the palatal cortical bone except at lateral incisor and canine point where the palatal side had higher bone density than buccal side. The mean bone density of the cancellous bone in the anterior part was higher than that in the posterior of the maxilla.These differences in bone density between and within regions of the maxilla must be considered when placing mini implants and may provide valuable information when selecting sites, size, angle and placement methods for mini implant in the dental arch.

حاله الاكتئاب وعلاقتها بحاله الفم والخصائص الفزيوكيميائيه لدى طلاب المدارس من فئه عمر 15 سنة في مدينة الصويره - حافظة واسط - جمهورية العراق Depression Status In Relation To Oral Health Condition And Salivary Physiochemical Characteristics Among 15 Years Old School Students In Al - Swera City - Wassit Governorate - Iraq

اسم المؤلف: هدى سلمان خیاله
اسم المشرف: بان صاحب ذیاب
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان الوقائي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Background : Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood, its affect oral health through its effect on salivary function. The aims of this study were to assess the relation of depression status on prevalence and severity of dental caries and gingival inflammation among students aged 15 years in relation to salivary physical (flow rate and viscosity) and chemical characteristics concentration of (total protein, zinc, copper, chromium and lithium).Materials and methods : The total sample involved 800 students (males and females) aged 15 years old that were selected randomly, the depression status was measured using Children Depression Inventory (CDI) index that divided the students with depression into four groups according to severity of depression (low or average grade, high average grade, elevated grade and very elevated grade). The diagnosis and recording of dental caries was made by using Decay, Missing, Filled surface index (DMFs), according to the criteria of Manji et al (1989), while gingival condition was evaluated by using the gingival index by L?e and Silness, (1964). Salivary samples were collected under standardized condition from 30 students with very elevated grade and 30 students with low average grade, and then analyzed for measuring salivary flow rate and viscosity, in addition to the estimation of salivary elements (total protein, zinc, copper, chromium and lithium).Results : The prevalence of depression was 100%. The DMFs was lower among students with high average grade than other grades of depression with nonsignificant difference. The severity of dental caries was higher among students with elevated grade concerning D1, D3 and in very elevated grade of depression concerning D2, D4 with highly significant among D4 (P = 0.01). The prevalence of gingivitis in present study was found to be 100%, mild gingivitis occurrence found higher among low or average grade than other grades, but moderate gingivitis was more among very elevated grade, while sever gingivitis was absent. Salivary analysis demonstrated that the salivary flow rate was non significantly higher among students with low or average grade of depression than very elevated, while the viscosity of saliva was not significantly higher among students with very elevated grade. The data analysis of salivary elements found that the total protein and copper was higher among students with very elevated grade while other elements show the opposite result with significant difference concerning copper and zinc among females in very elevated grade, while others with not significant.Conclusion : The results of the current research revealed that caries experience and gingival inflammation increase with depression that has an adverse effect on salivary physicochemical characteristics. There were changes in saliva variables between low or average grade and very elevated grade of depression.

تاثير متسلل التسوس ممزوج مع او بدون مواد لاصقة تقليدية على ختم المينا السليمة : دراسة مختبرية The Influence of Caries Infiltrant Combined With And Without Conventional Adhesives On Sealing of Sound Enamel (In Vitro Study)

اسم المؤلف: مروة بلاسم محمد الجيبةجي
اسم المشرف: ضياء جعفر الدباغ
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The formation of white spot lesions around fixed orthodontic attachments is a common complication during and following fixed orthodontic treatment, which hinder the results of a successfully completed case.The aim of the study was to assess the effectiveness of the Caries Infiltrant (ICON®) on prevention of caries on the smooth enamel surface when applied alone or combined with conventional adhesives. To achieve this objective, seventy eight human premolar enamel discs were randomly assigned to six groups (n=13). The discs were etched and treated with resins of different monomer content forming the following groups : (1)Untreated etched samples served as the negative control, (2) ICON® (DMG), (3) Adper™ SB 2 (3M ESPE), (4) Heliobond (Ivoclar Vivadent), (5) ICON®+ Adper™ SB 2 and (6) ICON®+ Heliobond. Specimens were subjected to demineralization by immersion in hydrochloric acid (pH 2.6) for 18 days. Calcium dissolution into the acid was assessed by photometric test via spectrophotometer at 24 hour intervals.The results revealed that, there was a highly significant difference between the sealed groups and the unsealed (untreated) one (p?0.00) indicating that the unsealed specimens showed the highest amount of Ca ion loss among all other groups. Additionally, there was no significant difference between untreated specimens and the ICON® sealed ones. While, Heliobond decreased the Ca ion loss significantly compared to the untreated specimens and Adper™ SB 2 performed significantly better than both ICON® and Heliobond. Furthermore, the combination of ICON® with either Adper™ SB 2 or Heliobond served as the best protective measures and maintained the protective effect during the whole experiment period.Therefore, within the limitations of this in vitro study, it could be concluded that the use of low - viscosity Caries Infiltrant prior to application of the tested conventional adhesives increases their protective effect against demineralization.

تقييم تاثير بلازما النيتروجين المتوهج لغرسة التيتانيوم التجاري على الترابط العظمي بالتحليل الميكانيكي والتحليل النسيجي Evaluation of The Effect of Glow Plasma Nitriding of Commercially Pure Titantium Dental Implant On Osseointigration Through Mechanical And Histomorphometric Analysis

اسم المؤلف: حسن جواد فرحان المسعودي
اسم المشرف: شذى سليم الامير
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: الاتجاه الجديد للغرسات هوايجاد المواد التي تسرع عملية بناء العظم في السطح البيني للعظم والغرسه وتحسين الاندماج العظمي من اجل توفير التحميل الفوري والمباشر بعد وضع الغرسات وتقليص فترة الانتظار التي تكون مزعجه وغير مريحه للمرضى.الاهداف.تقييم تاثير طلاء ال | Introduction : The new trend of implants is to find materials which accelerate bone formation in bone implant interface and improve osseointegration to provide immediate or early loading after placement in addition to eliminate the waiting period which is usually uncomfortable and disturbs patients. Aim of study : To evaluate the effect of plasma nitride treatment of screw shaped commercially pure titanium dental implant on bond strength at bone implant interface by torque removal test and histomorphometric analysis after 2 and 6 weeks in comparison to non treated one.Materials and methods : Commercial pure titanium plates and screws were plasma nitrided for 10h using glow plasma nitride apparatus. X - ray diffraction (XRD) analysis , scanning electron microscope examination were carried out on the nitride surfaces of the plates ,contact angle measurement (Wettability) was done by applying drop of saline and blood on the nitrided surface and compared to control. The femur of 10 white New Zealand rabbits were chosen as implantation sites. The femur of each rabbit received two screws, one plasma nitride treated and one non treated and a total of 40 screws were implanted. Torque removal test was performed(by digital torque meter) to measure bond strength between implant and bone, after 2 and 6 weeks healing periods. For each period of time 18 screws were tested for the torque required to remove the implant from the bone and 2 screws were kept for histological examination. Results : The results revealed that the mean removal torque values for the plasma nitride treated implants was significantly higher than the non treated implants and over the two periods of time. There was an increase in the bond strength (torque value) of bone - implant interface with time. The torque removal force for plasma nitride implants after 2 and 6 weeks was (30.22, 59.56 N.cm ,respectively) and for non treated implants after 2 and 6 weeks were ( 23.61,56.11N.cm, respectively) and new bone formation ratio for plasma nitride treated implants after 2 and 6 weeks(3.36, 4.72 , respectively) and for non treated after 2 and 6 weeks(1.56, 3.04, respectively). Conclusion : Plasma nitriding of Cp Ti screws significantly increased the torque removal value and new bone formation ratio at 2 and 6 weeks compared with the non treated implant.Dental implant, Osseointegration, Digital torque meter

مواصفات الاطباق وادراكه والحاجة والطلب على تقويم الاسنان لدى الطلاب البغداديين بعمر 13 سنة : دراسة مقارنة مسحية ميدانية Occlusal Features, Perception of Occlusion And Orthodontic Treatment Need And Demand Among 13 Years Aged Baghdadi Students (A Comparative Cross Sectional Epidemiological Study

اسم المؤلف: زينب محمد رضا الجلبي
اسم المشرف: فخري عبد علي الفتلاوي
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The study was conducted to assess the distribution, prevalence, severity of malocclusion and orthodontic treatment need in Baghdad governorate in relation to gender and residency, and whether it has increased or not over 12 years by comparison with previous survey in Baghdad.A multi - stage stratified sampling technique was used in this investigation to make the sample a representative of target population. The sample consisted of 2700 (1349 males and 1351 females) intermediate school students aged 13 years representing 3% of the total target population.A questionnaire was used to determine the perception of occlusion and orthodontic treatment demand of the students and the assessment procedures for occlusal features by direct intraoral measurement using veriner and an instrument to measure the rotated and displaced teeth. In summary the followingresults were obtained : 1 - 7.7% of the sample had some type of orthodontic treatment or consultation.2 - 39.1% of the students answered that they have malaligned teeth, being significantly more in female than males.3 - of the students who stated that they have malaligned teeth, 26% reported that they had crowded teeth, 26.6% had spaced teeth, 22.4% had protruded teeth and 25.7% had rotated and displaced teeth.4 - Regarding the answers of the effect of mal - aligned teeth, 70.3% answered that it affects their appearance, 17.7% chewing, and 7.7% speech while 4.1% answered that mal - aligned teeth did not affect appearance, chewing or speech.5 - the most common reasons for not seeking orthodontic treatment that the student thought that treatment is fear of pain (48.8%) and not important or not possible (25.8%).6 - One or more missing teeth due to extraction or trauma were found in 4.9% of the sample, and the most common extracted teeth were the first molars (1.6% mandibular and 0.9% maxillary). One or more rotated teeth were found in 38.3% of the sample; one or more displacement teeth were found in 19.6% of the sample.7 - The maxillary anterior region showed the highest prevalence of 2mm or more spacing (15.2%) and the mandibular anterior region showed the highest prevalence of 2mm or more crowding (12.6%); a maxillary central diastema of 1mm or more was found in 18.1% of the sample with a mean of 0.306±0.015mm.8 - Angle’s class I occlusion was found in 78.29%of the sample, class II in 19.5% (17.2% division 1 and 2.3% division 2) and 2.3% had class malocclusion (1.6% postural and 0.7% true). The mean overjet of the sample was 3.31± 0.04 mm. The mean overbite was 2.99±0.03 mm,9 - Midline shift (?1mm) was found in 54.3% of the sample (28% to the right and 26.3% to the left side).Soft tissue impingement was found in 3.3% (3% palatally and 0.3% labially). Normal lip form was found in 86.6%, contracting lip form in 10.1% and lip trap in 3.3% of the sample.10 - The DAI scores registered in this study ranged between 13 and 65 with a mean of 23.234±0.12. 7.3% with treatment highly desirable, and 4.5% with treatment mandatory.Significant changes in the proportions of malocclusions as a whole in school children were found over the last decade; also increase the need for orthodontic treatment among adolescents in the Baghdad commune and low perception level of the Baghdadi children to their own occlusion and the demand on treatment was remarkably low. This data will be useful for public oral health service and emphasize the need for orthodontic treatment among adolescents in Baghdad and stressing on the role of oral health education to encourage the children to undergo orthodontic treatment.

تاثير اضافة فلوريد الصوديوم كمطهر على بعض خواص مادة طبعة الالجنيت Effect of Sodium Fluoride Addition As A Disinfectant On Some Properties of Alginate Impression Material

اسم المؤلف: علاء مهدي حسين
اسم المشرف: رغداء كريم جاسم
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: صناعة الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: المقدمة : تلوث طبعات الاسنان مع اللعاب والدم من تجويف الفم يحصل مباشرة في عيادات الاسنان ومختبرات صناعة الاسنان يجعل من طبعات الاسنان الملوثة فقرات يصعب التعامل معها من وجهة نظر انتشار الاخماج. اشارت التقارير السابقة الى امكانية الطبعات الملوثة بتلويث ال | Introduction : Contamination of dental impressions with saliva and blood from the oral cavity occurs readily in dental clinics, direct interaction between dental clinics and dental laboratories makes contaminated dental impressions difficult items to deal with it from the cross contamination point of view. Previous reports indicated that contaminated impressions can cross infect gypsum casts that were poured against them, however immersing or spraying commonly used alginate impression material with disinfectant may adversely affect the accuracy of dies or casts obtained. Objective : The objective was to evaluate the effect of (0.25%,0.5%,1%, 2%, 3%, 4% ) of (NaF) addition on the self - disinfection of alginate impression material and its effect on setting time, tear strength, dimensional change and accuracy of alginate impression materials and to compare this with CHX containing alginate material related to the same properties mentioned above.Materials and methods : A total No. of 800 specimens were prepared in this study, they were divided into five main groups according to the type of the tests used (tear strength test, setting time test, dimensional change test, dimensional accuracy test, and bacteriological tests (Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans).Six concentrations of NaF from (0.25% to 4%) and 0.1% CHX gluconate were mixed with alginate impression material and compare it with control alginate without disinfectant. Results : The self - disinfecting impression material containing NaF showed a total kill of microorganisms immediately after impressions were made.Tear energies for all experimental impression materials were greater than those of the control products. There were no statistically significant differences between the dimensional change tests and also reproduction of detail test, that contained (NaF) and one that did not. With regard to setting time of the impressions, statistically significant reduction were seen between the control and experimental groups of alginate impression materials. The experimental material that did not contain (NaF) had a considerably longer setting time than all of the other materials tested.Conclusion : the use of (NaF) and CHX disinfection when taking alginate dental impression is a good measure in reduction of contamination and cross infection and have a minute effect on dimensional stability and is recommended as step in protecting dentist and dental laboratories teams.

التاثير السمي للضوء الازرق المرئي على البكتيريا المشعشعة المصاحبة للورم الفطري والبورفيروموناس اللثوية في المرضى المصابين بالتهاب اللثة المزمن : دراسة مختبرية Phototoxic Effect of Visible Blue Light On Aggregatibacter Actinomycetemcomitans And Porphyromonas Gingivalis In Patients With Chronic Periodontitis (An In - Vitro Study

اسم المؤلف: علي رعد عبد العزيز
اسم المشرف: مها شكري محمود وفاق محمود الوتار
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: امراض ما حول الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: الخلفية : على الرغم من ان ازالة الصفائح الجرثومية (الجير) وكلس الاسنان ( الحصى السنية ) بالطرق الميكانيكية يمثل حجر الزاوية في علاج امراض اللثة، يبقى ذلك بحاجة الى علاج مساند اذا علمنا ان التنظيف الميكانيكي لا يستطيع الوصول الى كل السطوح والاماكن حول السن | Background : Although mechanical debridement of dental plaque and calculus represents the corner stone in periodontal treatment , still it needs an adjunctive therapy since mechanical cleaning cannot reach all the surfaces and sites all around the tooth and within periodontal defect or the bacteria that resides inside periodontal tissues. Chemotherapy been used as an adjunctive therapy alongside with mechanical debridement in different compositions and routes, i.e. : chlorhexidine mouth washes (local routes) , antibiotics (systemic route) , yet chemical treatment might not be sufficient or cannot be used as in cases of drug sensitivity , difficulty to maintain effective concentration at wanted sites and lack of patient dexterity and compliance.Hence, arises the need for an alternative adjunctive therapy, photodynamic therapy has been used in recent years, taking advantage of the toxic effect of light on periodontal pathogens (bacteria). Aims of the study : The purpose of this study was to determine the toxic effect of visible blue light emitted from dental curing led light device of wavelength ranges between 400 - 500nm and energy of 1000 - 1200 mw/cm on the viability of periodontal pathogens (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis), alone once , and with combination of 0.2% chlorhexidine mouthwash in vitro.Materials and methods : A.actinomycetemcomitans and P. gingivalis, was obtained from periodontal pockets of patient suffering from periodontitis by removing the plaque carefully to be cultured under anaerobic conditions for 3 days in suitable culture media using anaerobic jar in the incubator, presence of the wanted micro - organism is confirmed using Gram stain and biochemical activity tests.The amount (quantity of bacteria) was determined by direct colony counting and using visual software aids (open CFU software program) when needed.Visible blue light (LED curing light) from a commercially available device the same used in light - cured fillings in dentistry was used to generate a beam of visible blue light with amount of energy 1000 - 1200 mW/cm2 of a wavelength ranges between 400 - 500nm. Samples were subjected to blue light for increasing time intervals and were subcultured after each exposure.Same procedure of light exposure was repeated on plates containing chlorhexidine mouth wash in holes created with pasture tube, a standardized amount of chlorhexidine (0.1mml) was administrated into the holes of each plate, and then the inhibition zone was measured repeatedly for each plate after 72 hours of anaerobic incubation.

تسوس الاسنان والاحتياجات العلاجية لطالبات الثانوية لعمر (16 - 18) سنة وعلاقتهما مع نظافة الفم، المستوى الدراسي للاهل والتحليل الغذائي في مدينة المسيب/ محافظة بابل/ العراق Dental Caries And Treatment Needs Among 16 - 18 Years Old High School Girls, In Relation To Oral Leanliness, Parent'S Education And Nutritional Status, In Al - Mussayb City/ Babylon Governorate/ Iraq

اسم المؤلف: زهراء محمد حسین
اسم المشرف: سلافة خالد السامرائي
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان الوقائي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Background : Dental caries is a quite prevalent disease in Iraqi community however, baseline data concerning this disease and related etiological and risk factor are limited, concerning in selected geographic area in Iraq.Aims of study : This survey was made to investigate the prevalence and severity of dental caries in Al - Mussayb city/ Babylon governorate, the co - relation of this disease was studied with nutrition status and dietary analysis, oral cleanliness and parent'seducation among (16 - 18) years old in high school girls.Materials and Methods : The survey was conducted among high school girls, with a total sample of 900. Diagnosis and recording of dental caries and treatment needs were done according to the criteria of WHO. Dental plaque was assessed by using Plaque Index following the criteria of Silness and Loe. Nutritional status was recorded according to Body Mass Index indicator by applying anthropometric measurement. Dietary analysis was according to Dietary Guidelines in primary health centers in Iraq. Parent's education was divided in to five levels according to modification to educational status of Kuppuswamy's scale.Results : The prevalence of dental caries was (70.5%). The DMFS mean value was (4.94 ±SE 0.161) and the median was equal to (4.00) for the total sample. The DMFS value increased with ages with statistically highly significant difference (P<0.01), The highest percentage of examined girls were in need of one surface filling (60.8%), followed by those in need of two or more surface filling (36.6%). Result showed a weak positive highly significant correlation between plaque index and DMFS (r=0.315, P<0.01). A statistically highly significant difference in DMFS was recorded by different level of parent's education as a lower value of DMFS was seen among girls with high level of parent's education. Results showed statistically highly significant differences in the value of DMFS between different grade of Body Mass Index indicator (P <0.01, df=3), for total sample (11.7%) was malnourished and (65.77%) of girls was with normal weight. Statistically highly significant weak negative correlation was seen between DMFS and different food groups (fruits, vegetable, meat, grain and diary). A weak positive highly significant correlation between DMFS and sweet consumption was seen (r=0.155, P<0.01).Conclusions : Girls in high schools in Al - Mussayb city/ Babylon Governorate demonstrated a high prevalence of dental caries. Nutritional status, dietary habits, oral cleanliness and parent's education were found to affect the severity of this disease, thusthere is a need for public and school preventive programs among those population

ابعاد البلعوم فيما يتعلق ببعض المتغيرات السنية والقحفية للصنف الهيكلي الاول والثاني : دراسة مقارنة بالاشعة القياسية الجانبية عند البالغين Nasopharyngeal Dimensions In Relation To Some Dento - Cranium Variables of Class I And II Skeletal Patterns (A Cephalometric Comparative Study In Adults)

اسم المؤلف: عمار عباس فضل
اسم المشرف: فخري عبد علي الفتلاوي
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The size of the nasopharyngeal airway was believed to have an important role in the development of the dentofacial structure. Therefore, this study was done on 60 subjects (30 males and 30 females) at age range 18 - 25 years. Cephalometric radiograph has been taken to each subject and the measurements were recorded. The sample was divided into two groups, class I skeletal relationship (15 males and 15 females) and class II skeletal relationship (15 males and 15 females). Comparisons between the different study groups were undertaken and the following results were obtained.In class I skeletal relationship, all the nasopharyngeal liner measurements and all the dento - cranium linear measurements are significantly higher in males than females, except lower airway thickness (PNS - ad1) and upper airway thickness (PNS - ad2)showed no significant gender difference. While all the angular measurements showed no significant gender difference.In class II skeletal relationship, most of the nasopharyngeal liner measurements have no significant gender difference, while all the dento - cranium linear measurements are significantly higher in males than females. In comparison for class difference between class I and class II skeletal relations in total sample, all the nasopharyngeal linear measurements have no significant class difference, except lower airway thickness showed significant difference which were higher in class II than class I and upper airway thickness showed significant difference which were higher in class I than class In the whole sample of the study, positive correlation was found between lower airway thickness and upper airway thickness.

معدل انتشار وشدة نقص التمعدن الضرسي القاطعي والعلاقة مع العوامل المسببة بين اطفال المدارس بعمر 7 - 9 سنة في محافظة النجف Prevalence And Severity of Molar - Incisor Hypomineralisation In Relation To Its Etiological Factors Among School Children Age 7 - 9 Years In Al - Najaf Governorate

اسم المؤلف: ولاء عامر عوفي
اسم المشرف: بان علي صالح
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: طب اسنان الاطفال
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Molar - Incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is one of the biggest challenges with great clinical interest for dental practice because MIH has a great impact on the oral health as consequently, on the quality of life of children. Currently, the etiology of MIH remains unclear and is thought to be acquired via multifactorial, systemic disturbances during amelogenesis. There is no previous study concerning school children aged 7 - 9 years in Al - Najaf govemorate in order to estimate the prevalence and severity of molar incisorhypomineralisation and the possible associated risk factors. Objective : To estimate the prevalence , severity and the possible associated etiological factors of molar - incisor hypomineralisation and also to study the correlation between body mass index and molar - incisor hypomineralisation.Patients and Methods : A cross sectional study was conducted at Al - Najaf Govemorate, data were collected during the period from January to the end of April 2014. study population included the primary school children aged, 7 - 9 years of both genders who attending the primary schools of Al - Najaf govemorate. Children having amelogenesis imperfecta, tetracycline staining or undergoing orthodontic treatment at the time of study, those with completely broken crowns of the first permanent molars, or those whose parent/guardians refusedto missed data or not get back the questionnaire were excluded from the study. Sample size was calculated according to the standard equation and a total of 600 children were enrolled. A structured self - administered validated arabic language questionnaire and an examination sheet was measured. Body weight and height were measured and the body mass index was calculated according to the standards. Dental material and supplies were used in examination, Prior to the clinical examination the participating children were given a toothbrush and fluoridated toothpaste to brush their teeth thoroughly under the supervision of the researcher. The demarcated hypomineralization was recorded according to the 10 point scoring system depended on the European academy of pediatric dentistry evaluation criteria. The severity was assessed according to the clinical evaluation of the examiner and the presence of opacities. Data of the studied group were entered and analysed by using the statistical package for social sciences (SPSS) version 21 and appropriate statistical tests were used to assess the differences and correlations between variables. Results : The response rate was 84. 7% and the highest was in the 9 - year - old children, the participants were 532 children, the prevalence of hypomineralisation defect was 22.9%. The prevalence of demarcated hypomineralisation was increased concomitantly with the age, and the 9 - yearold children were the more affected. The overall prevalence of molar - incisor hypomineralisation among boys was lower than girls; (17.3%) and 22.6%, respectively. Molar - incisor hypomineralisation was more frequent in normal body mass index children. The total number of teeth of the studied group was 1464. The number of affected teeth was 3 81 represented (26%) of the total number of teeth. The molar and incisors were most affected with White/creamy demarcated opacities with no posr eruptive enamel breakdown, (27.7% and 15.2%), respectively. The severely affected teeth were 33 teeth, represented 4.5% of the total number of teeth of the 122 children , severely affected molars were 25 (5.1 %) and the severely affected incisors were 8 (0.8%), (P=0.001), Obeseand overweight were more likely to have more severely affected teeth and the severity was also increased with the age of child. Conclusions and Suggestions : The prevalence of Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation among Iraqi schoolchildren of Al Najaf govemorate was 22.9%, it was more prevalent among girls, the 9 - year - old children , normal body weight children and urban residents. Molars were more affected with than incisors. It was more prevalent in maxillary than mandibular teeth. The severely affected teeth represented 4.5% of the total number of teeth of the 122 children. , molars were more severely affected than incisors. The more severely affected teeth reported inobese and underweight children. Further studies are suggested for further understanding of the etiological and risk factors of the disease.

الحالة الصحية للفم لاطفال الرياض وعلاقتها بالحالة الاقتصادية والاجتماعية في محافظة النجف الاشرف العراق Oral Health Status Among Kindergarten Children In Relation To Socioeconomic Status In Al - Najaf Governorate - Iraq

اسم المؤلف: سهى مهدي حميد شبر
اسم المشرف: وصال علي العبيدي
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان الوقائي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

تقييم بعض مقاييس اللعاب المناعية وتركيز عنصر الحديد وعلاقتهما بحالة صحة الفم للاطفال المصابين بفقر دم البحر الابيض المتوسط النوع الكبير كربلاء/العراق Evaluation of Selected Salivary Immunological Parameters And Iron Ion Concentration In Relation To Oral Health Condition Among Children With Beta Thalassemia Major (Karbala’ / Iraq)

اسم المؤلف: شيرين سمير يوسف
اسم المشرف: بان علي صالح
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: طب اسنان الاطفال
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Background : Beta Thalassemia Major is an inherited, genetic blood disorder which affect the bone marrow's ability to produce 2Themoglobin 2Tmolecules( the component of normal1T 1T2Tred blood cells1T2T 1Tthat transports oxygen to the body's cells), thered blood cells will have been short lifespan and 2Tdestroyed1T2T 1Tat a1T 1T2Tfaster rate2T. These patients are typically transfusion - dependent, and have significant complications, including iron overload, immune system disorders, and bacterial and/or viralinfections which can affect the oral health condition. Aims of the study : The aims of the present study were to assess the severity of dental caries, dental plaque, gingivitis, levels of selected salivary immunological components and iron concentration in saliva, among a group of boys and girls with beta thalassemia major in comparison with the control group.Materials and methods : The study involved 17 boys and 23 girls with beta thalassemia major, aged 8 - 9 years compared to 17 healthy boys and 23 healthy girls with the same age group. dmfs/ds and DMFS/DS indices (WHO, 1987), plaque index (Silness and L?e,1964), and gingival index (L?e and Silness, 1963) were applied, unstimulated salivary samples were collected for estimation the salivary immunological components(Secretory Immunoglobulin A, lysozyme, peroxidase, and lactoferrin) in which they were analyzed by enzyme - linked immune sorbent assay kits and iron ion concentration in saliva which was analyzed biochemically.Results : Results showed that, caries - experience was higher among beta thalassemia children compared to healthy children. In primary teeth, a higher dmfs/ds mean value was recorded for study group (dmfs/ds=8.93±6.40) compared to control group (dmfs/ds=6.63±5.38), the difference was statistically not significant (p>0.05), except for girls the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). For permanent teeth, DMFS/DS mean value was found to be higher instudy group (DMFS/DS=0.63±1.23) compared to control group (DMFS/DS=0.58±0.75), and the difference was statistically not significant (p>0.05). plaque index mean value was higher in study group (PI=1.69±0.45) compared to control group (PI=1.52±0.28), and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). gingival index mean value was higher in study group (GI=1.38±0.20) compared to control group (GI=1.22±0.10), and the difference was statistically highly significant (p<0.01). Correlation between dental plaque and gingivitis in study group was positive with statistically highly significant(p<0.01). There were some variation in the levels of salivary immunological parameters between study and control groups, the differences were statistically not significant(p>0.05), except that for peroxidase, the levels were higher in study group compared to control group and the difference was statistically significant (p<0.05). Iron ion concentrations were higher in study group compared to control group, the difference was statistically not significant (p>0.05). The correlation between secretory immunoglobulin A levels and dmfs/ds in study group was statistically significant (r= - 0.32, p=0.02). Lysozyme was correlated with DMFS/DS in study group and the correlation was statistically significant (r=0.38, p=0.01). lactoferrin was correlated with dmfs/ds and DMFS/DS in control group, and the correlation was statistically highly significant and significant respectively (r=0.52, p=0.00), (r=0.32, p=0.04). The correlations between iron ion concentrations and dental caries were statistically not significant(p>0.05) for both groups. All the correlations between measured salivary parameters and dental plaque and gingivitis were found to be statistically not significant(p>0.05) for both groups. The correlations between iron ion and immunological components were statistically not significant(p>0.05). The correlation between lysozyme and lactoferrin was statistically significant in both study group and control group respectively (r=0.36, p=0.02) and (r=0.36, p=0.01). The correlation between peroxidase and lactoferrin in study group was statistically highly significant (r= - 0.40, p=0.00). In control group, there was statistically highly significant correlation between secretory immunoglobulin A and lactoferrin (r=0.41, p=0.00). Conclusion : dental caries, dental plaque and gingivitis found to be higher in beta thalassemia major patients than normal children; they need periodic dental examination and effective preventive program.

تقييم تاثير التيجان المقاومة للفولاذ (تقنية الهول) على معالجة التسوس للطواحن اللبنية : دراسة رجعية Evaluation of The Influence of Preformed Metal Crown ((Hall Technique)) On The Managing of Carious Primary Molars A Retrospective Study

اسم المؤلف: ورف محسن موسى
اسم المشرف: بان علي صالح
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: طب اسنان الاطفال
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Background : When prevention of dental caries fails, and a child is exposed to the risk of pain and infection, the disease must be managed to reduce this risk. There is a growing evidence supporting more 'biological approaches' for managing dental cariesin primary teeth. The Hall Technique is one of the biological approaches for managing caries in primary molars which involves sealing caries beneath preformed metal crowns (stainless steel crowns). The crown is cemented over the tooth without theuse of local anesthesia, caries removal, or tooth preparation. The clinical steps for the Hall Technique are straightforward but, as with all dental care provision, appropriate treatment planning for the procedure requires skill. The Hall Technique offers anothermethod of managing early to moderately advanced, active carious lesions in primary molars, with good evidence of effectiveness and acceptability.Aims of the study : This study was conducted to assess the possible local factors that might happen along with using this novel technique regarding the possible adverse effect of the increased occlusal - vertical dimension and the condition of the surrounding tissues.Also to assess the correlation between the rate of the successful outcome with the caries extension towards the pulp.In addition to evaluate the cost - effectiveness of the Hall Technique in comparison with the conventional restorations. Finally to estimate whether this technique can be performed efficiently by both the specialized dentists and general practitioners in terms of putting the appropriate treatment plan based on the radiographic assessment.Material and methods : A retrospective research was conducted, standardized bitewing radiographs of 100 patients between 3 - 9 years old were evaluated for marginal bone changes. The distance between the cemento - enamel junctions and the alveolar bonecrest was measured. The dentine was evaluated as well regarding the existence of clear band of dentine and the extension of the caries towards the pulp of the tooth. - The cost effectiveness was conducted by creating a scenario of the possible outcomes for the treatment decision whether it was Hall preformed metal crown or traditional restoration. Incremental cost - effectiveness ratio was calculated to find the savingamount value. - A panel consisting of five general practitioners and three specialized dentists weas asked to evaluate twelve bitewings radiograph presented to them and give their opinion whether these radiographs are suitable for Hall Technique or not.Results : The result of this presented study showed that there is decreasing in the distance between the cemento - enamel junction and alveolar bone level at the Hall PMCs treatment side between the before and after insertion periods.it also showed thatthere's no different bone level changes between the Hall preformed metal crown treatment side and its contra - lateral side regardless of its condition (Hall preformed metal crowns, no Hall preformed metal crowns). - A high rate of successful treatment is highly associated with observing a clear band of dentine but it is not associated with the carious extinction toward the pulp as long as a clear band of dentine can be seen. - The Hall Technique is more cost - effective by making more cost saving and more gained teeth. The Hall Technique can be performed efficiently by both the general practitioners and the specialized dentist.Conclusion : according on the results of this research it can be settled that there are no adverse effects of using Hall preformed metal crowns regarding the increase of occlusalvertical dimension and the periodontal condition also the Hall Technique is more costeffective and can be performed by specialized dentists as well as the general practitioners.

تقييم تاثير وجود الكحول في الغسولات الفموية على تلاشي قوة السلاسل التقويمية المرنة المختلفة الاشكال : دراسة مختبرية Evaluation of The Effect of Alcohol Presence In Mouth Washes On Force Degradation of Different Configurations of Elastomeric Chains (An In Vitro Study)

اسم المؤلف: نور نوري عباس عبد الله
اسم المشرف: نضال حسين غايب
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Elastomeric chains are one of the most commonly used force delivery systems. They have the ability to exert an interrupted force, convenience of use, compatibility to oral environment and cost effectiveness despite of the inherited disadvantage which is force degradation.This in vitro study was designed to evaluate the effect of alcohol presence in mouthwashes on force degradation of different configurations of clear elastomeric chains from Ortho Technology company which are : closed, short and long under the effect of time at different intervals (Initial, 1day, 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks) with exposure to different chemical solutions.A total of (540) elastomeric chains of three different types (long, short and closed) transparent in color, with an initial length (19mm) and about 50% extension (29mm) were used for the study. These elastomeric chains was divided into four groups and exposed to different chemical solutions (Distilled water, Listerine Original alcoholic mouthwash, Listerine Zero alcohol mouth wash, Ethanol 26.9%) twice daily for 60 seconds each according to manufacturer's instructions to measure the amount of force degradation in different time intervals. These elastomeric chains were incubated in covered glass containers at 37C? for the entire testing period.The results of the present study showed that the elastomeric chains were greatly affected by time, the majority of force loss occurred after the first 24hr. then followed by a less steep gradient for the rest of the working period.We can conclude that alcoholic mouth wash (Listerine Original) causes an increase in force degradation of all types of elastomeric chains while alcohol free mouth wash (Listerine Zero) causes less force degradation of all types of elastomeric chains, additionally closed configuration elastomeric chains has the least percentage of force degradation than other configurations of elastomeric chains.

الحركة الوحشية للطاحن العلوي الاول باستخدام انواع مختلفة من الاجهزة مسبقة الصنع : دراسة مختبرية مقارنة Distal Movement of Maxillary First Molar Using Different Types of Ready Made Appliances : An In Vitro Comparative Study

اسم المؤلف: ليث عمر المولى
اسم المشرف: هند طاهر جرجيس
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Maxillary molar distalization is an important method for correcting class II molar relationship.The important thing in the use the distalizing appliances is to reduce the patient cooperation with minimizing the effects of distalizing appliances on the anchoring teeth.Aims : The aim of this study is to compare three different intra - maxillary molar distalization devices with different designs , force direction. Other aims are to compare the effect of these devices on first permanent molars in mesiodistal , buccopalatal, rotational aspects. It aims also to compare the effect of these devices on the first premolar ( which is a part of anchoring system ).Materials and Methods : The samples consisted of three groups; Frog appliance, K - Loop spring and Multidistalizing arch on typodont simulation system (Ormaco). Upper typodont arch of class II division I was used.Pre and postoperative digital images were taken and analysed using AutoCAD software for each group, Six parameters was measured and compared ; first molar ( vertical change ,tipping change ,rotation, distalization rate) and first premolar (vertical change ,tipping change).A significant value of 0.05 was determined.Results : The results of present study showed that the multidistalizing arch gave rise a significant distal tipping, extrusion, distopalatal rotation of first molar and gave rise the highest mean value of first molar distalization rate. Also, gave rise a significant distal tipping and extrusion of first premolar.Frog appliance showed the lowest mean value of molar distalization rate ,distal tipping and rotation , in comparison with Multidistalizing arch (MDA) and K - Loop spring. Also, these parameters ranged between the highest and lowest mean value in extrusion of first molar , first premolar vertical change , Also showed lowest mean of distal tipping of first premolar than Multidistalizing arch (MDA).K - Loop spring ranged between the highest and lowest mean value distalization rate , distal tipping of first molar. Also, showed the lowest mean value in extrusion of first molar and extrusion of first premolar and rotation of first molar.However, The K - Loop spring show mesial tipping of first premolar in comparisom with (MDA) and Frog appliance that show distal tipping of first premolar.Conclusions : It is concluded that the three methods are effective in molar distalization. The best method of first molar distalization ranged between the K - Loop spring and Frog appliance. Consequently the two methods showed good amount of molar distalization with minimal effects on first molar and first premolar.

تاثير التدخين الخفيف على المستويات اللعابية لانزيم الفوسفاتيز القلوي والاوستيوكالسين لدى مرضى التهاب اللثة المزمن Effects of Light Smoking On Salivary Levels of Alkaline Phosphatase And Osteocalcin In Chronic Periodontitis Patients

اسم المؤلف: لبابة عبد الصمد عبد الامير
اسم المشرف: باسمة غفوري علي
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: امراض ما حول الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Background Chronic periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that affects the supporting tissues of the teeth and it is common among adults. Smoking is an important risk factor for periodontitis that induces alveolar bone loss. Alkaline phosphatase enzyme is involved in the destruction of the human periodontium. It is produced by many cells such as polymorphonuclear leukocytes, osteoblasts, macrophages and fibroblasts within the area of the periodontium and gingival crevice. Osteocalcin is one of the most abundant matrix proteins found in bones and the only matrix protein synthesized exclusively there. Small osteocalcin fragments are found in areas of bone remodeling and are actually degradation products of the bone matrix.Aims of the study 1. Investigate whether light smoker chronic periodontitis patients exhibit different salivary concentrations of Alkaline Phosphatase and Osteocalcin compared to the non - smoker counterpart and compare to light smoker and nonsmoker control groups and 2.Correlate the clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level) to the biochemical findings in light smokers and non - smokers chronic periodontitis and control groups. 3. Estimation of the salivary PH and flow rate and correlate them with clinical periodontal and biochemical parameters. Materials and Methods Five ml of unstimulated whole saliva samples and fullmouth clinical periodontal recordings (plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level) were obtained from study groups (25 light smokers and 33 non - smokers subjects, both with chronic periodontitis) and control groups (8 light smokers and 13 non - smokers subjects, both with healthy periodontium). All subjects were systemically healthy males, with age range (30 - 50) years. Salivary Alkaline phosphatase and Osteocalcin levels were determined by Colorimetric and Enzyme - linked Immunosorbent Assay, respectively. Salivary PH and flow rate were also measured.Results Smoker chronic periodontitis patients revealed non - significant differences in clinical periodontal parameters with non - smoker counterparts (P > 0.05) in terms of plaque index, probing pocket depth, clinical attachment loss, salivary PH and flow rate, with slight increase in plaque index value in smoker chronic periodontitis group(1.42±0.46) than non - smoker chronic periodontitis group (1.38±0.50), while there was slight decrease in mean value of probing pocket depth (3.90±1.78), clinical attachment level (3.22±0.93) and PH (7.58±0.50) in smoker chronic periodontitis group than non - smoker chronic periodontitis group (4.27±1.98), (3.74±0.85), (7.73±0.33) respectively. Flow rate value was higher in smoker chronic periodontitis (4.80±2.69) than non - smoker chronic periodontitis group (4.67±2.09). While there were highly significant differences in terms of gingival index and bleeding on probing (P ? 0.01). Osteocalcin levels were lower in smoker chronic periodontitis group (0.13±0.20) than non - smoker chronic periodontitis group (1.09±2.26) with significant difference (0.05 ? P > 0.01). Highly significant, strong, positive correlations were found between Osteocalcin concentration with plaque index and PH in non - smoker control group. Correlation analysis between Osteocalcin concentration and flow rate in smoker chronic periodontitis group revealed a significant, moderate, positive correlation.Mean of Alkaline phosphatase level was lower in smoker chronic periodontitis (11.14±4.53) than non - smoker chronic periodontitis (11.45±4.17) with a nonsignificant difference, while there was a significant difference in Alkaline phosphatase concentrations between smoker and non - smoker control subgroups.Correlation analysis between ALP concentration and clinical periodontal parameters (plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level) in chronic periodontitis smoker group appear non - significant, weak,negative and related non - significantly, weakly, positively with PH and flow rate. Clinical attachment level and PH correlated non - significantly, weakly, negatively with Alkaline phosphatase concentration, while plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and flow rate related non - significantly, weakly, positively with Alkaline phosphatase concentration in chronic periodontitis non - smoker group. There was a significant, moderate, negative correlation between salivary PH and bleeding on probing and significant, weak, negative correlation regarding probing pocket depth in smoker chronic periodontitis group.A significant, weak, positive correlation between salivary flow rate and clinical attachment level was found in non - smoker chronic periodontitis group.There were non - significant differences between smoker chronic periodontitis and smoker control groups in terms of salivary PH, flow rate, Osteocalcin and Alkaline phosphatase concentrations. There were non - significant differences between non - smoker chronic periodontitis and non - smoker control groups in terms of PH, flow rate, Osteocalcin and Alkaline phosphatase concentrations. There were non - significant, weak increase in Alkaline phosphatase concentration compared to the increase in Osteocalcin concentration in smoker and non - smoker chronic periodontitis and smoker control groups, while there was a nonsignificant, weak decrease in Alkaline phosphatase concentration with increase in Osteocalcin concentration in non - smoker control group. Conclusion Within the limits of this study, it may be suggested that suppression of salivary Osteocalcin levels by smoking and weak increase in Alkaline phosphatase in smokers groups, may explain the deleterious effects of smoking on periodontal healthstatus.

تاثير انابيب الكاربون النانوية متعددة الجدران على الصلادة والتوصيلية الحرارية لمينا الاسنان Effect of Multi - Wall Carbon Nano Tubes On The Microhardness And Thermal Conductivity of Dental Namel

اسم المؤلف: محمد كاظم جواد
اسم المشرف: عباس فاضل علي
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الانسجة الفموية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The objectives of this study was to evaluate the effect of addition of Multi - Wall Carbon Nano ubes(MWCNTs) of different concentration (0.05 mg/mL - 1, 0.25 mg/mL - 1, 0.5 mg/mL - 1and 1 mg/mL - 1) with on either (dimethyl sulphoxide DMSO and distilled water DW) on tooth enamel. It is intended to evaluate enamel microhardness in (Kg.m - 2) and enamel thermal conductivity before and after the application of (MWCNTs).Ninety mandubular first premolar were prepared for this study. They were divided into two groups. The first group contains 54 sample to measure the microhardness of the enamel. To overcome the teeth curvature in microhardness measurement, the position of indenter were optimized to coincide linear buccal surface. The second group contains 36 sample to measure the thermal conductivity of the enamel were prepared by cutting enamel part in triangle form with a base of 7. 5 mm , height of 9. 5 mm and thickness of 2 mm according to the requirements of the Fourier’s law by abrasive disk.The results enamel microhardness showed that a significant increase in the enamel microhardness and enamel thermal conductivity for groups 0.05 mg/mL (group B) , 0.25 mg/mL (group C ) , 0.5 mg/mL (group D ) and 1 mg/mL (group E ) compared with control group (group A ) in DW media and DMSO media. The results showed a significant increase in the enamel microhardness and enamel thermal conductivity for polished samples compared with unpolished samples in DW media and DMSO media. DMSO media increases the enamel microhardness and enamel thermal conductivity more effectively than DW media. Scanning electron microscope showed a significant deposition of MWCNTs in the depth of the enamel exceeding the surface layer. The polished specimens had more deposited MWCNTs compared with non - polished specimens. However, the nano dimensions with conjunction with pre - chemical treatment enabled the MWCNTs to penetrate and settle down inside the enamel.The final conclusion highest mean value obtained was 1 mg/mL (group E ) in the enamel microhardness and enamel thermal conductivity suspension in DW media and DMSO media.

دراسة لتحويرات نانوية مختلفة لسطح زرعة الاسنان من معدن التيتانيوم النقي تجاريا باستعمال الطريقة الكيميائية وطريقة التبخير الحراري : تقييم ميكانيكي ونسيجي Study Different Nano Surface Modifications On CPTi Dental Implant Using Chemical And Thermal Evaporation Methods : Mechanical And Histological Evaluation

اسم المؤلف: بان ناهل شكر
اسم المشرف: رغداء كريم جاسم
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: صناعة الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Background : Dental implants provide a unique treatment modality for the replacement of lost dentition. The clinical success of implants has been achieved not only because of the mechanical strength or cellent biocompatibility of the implant material but also owing to other characteristics such as surface properties.Aims of the study : The goal of this study was to consider the role of nanoscale topographic modification of commercial pure titanium dental implant using a thermal deposition and chemical etching methods for the purpose of improving osseointegration.Materials and methods : Commercial pure titanium rod was machined into 40 dental implants. Each implant was machined in diameter about 3mm, length of 8mm (5mm was threaded part and 3mm was flat part). Implants were prepared and divided into 4 groups according to the types of surface modification method used : 1st group (10 implant) machined surface i.e remained without nano surface modification (control),2nd group include (10 implant)etched with 15N H2SO4 and 30% H2O2,3rd group include (10 implant)were coated with nano CPTi powder by thermal evaporation deposition technique,4th group (10 implant)were chemically etched with H2SO4 and H2O2 method to obtain a nano feature then coated with nano powder of CPTi by thermal evaporation deposition technique.Nano surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM), Xray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscope (AFM), thickness measurement and microscopical examination for the invitro experiments. For the invivo part of study, the tibia of 10 white New Zealand rabbits were chosen as implantation sites. The tibia of each rabbit received two screws. Biomechanical test was performed after two weeks healing periods. Implants from eight animals were tested for the torque required to remove the implantfrom the bone and the other two animals were prepared for histological examination.Results : For invitro results, scanning electron microscope showed that chemical etching of Ti substrate becomes highly porous and has surface consisting of nano_sized pits and the combination of chemical etching and thermal evaporation of nano Ti showed nano rod like structure. The results of removal torque means value after 2 weeks of implantation showed that, there was a gradual increase in the removal torque mean values in the studied groups as a follow (M±SD) : 12.625 N.cm ± 0.517 machined surface, 30.500 N.cm ± 4.071 chemically etched, 46.875 N.cm ± 5.938 nano CPTi coating by thermal evaporation method, 51.250 N.cm ± 5.175 combination method of chemical etching and nano CP Ti coating. In addition, the histological analysis showed improved quality of bone in response to the nano surface modified screws, especially the combination treated implants show a well developed mature bone characterized by a well developed bony threads and haversian canal. Conclusion : The biomechanical and biological properties of the bone - implant interface associated with the nano modified implants were improved comparing to the unmodified implants. All nano modified CP Ti seems to be well tolerated by the bone since no adverse tissue reaction was evident and they have better mechanical properties and excellent biocompatibility through the improved performance regarding the bone implant contact area than the untreated implants.

نقييم الالفا اميليز والكورتيزول في اللعاب كمؤشرين جيويين للتوتر النفسي وعلاقتها بامراض المفصل الصدغي بين عينة من طلاب كلية طب الاسنان Assessment of Alpha - Amylase And Cortisol As Salivary Psychological Stress Markers In Relation To Temporomandibular Disorders Among A Sample of Dental Students

اسم المؤلف: سرمد قيس علي
اسم المشرف: رجاء هادي الجبوري
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Background : University dental students perceived a higher level of stress prior to each examation especially the final. Therefore, there is a need for a useful noninvasive biomarker for measuring acute stress in those students. Many studies considered salivary alpha - amylase as a stress biomarker that is most often used in conjunction with cortisol. Understanding of the exact association between these two salivary stress markers are poorly established. Using a Helkimo anamnestic and clinical dysfunction scoring index for temporomandibular disorders can give a better insight about the association between these markers and temporomandibular joint disorders.The aims of study : was to evaluate the levels of salivary alpha - amylase and salivary cortisol in stressed students with temporomandibular joint disorders and the differences between these markers in relation to temporomandibular joint disorders students. This might give a better understanding to the role of psychological stress as an etiological factors for developing temporomandibular joint problems.Subjects, materials and methods : A total eighty (60 study and 20 control) participants aged between 20 and 24 years, were recruited for this study. The participants were final year undergraduate Baghdad university dental students who were examined and gave saliva samples before their final academic examination. Those with temporomandibular joint disorders problems were exposed to psychological stress and included on the study. While, those who were taking corticosteroids or hormone supplementation including oral contraceptives, or having history of head injury, orthodontic treatment, occlusal disharmonies and muscle tenderness due to systemic diseases as fibromyalgia, or having more than 2 missing posterior teeth were excluded. Salivary assay kits (alpha - amylase and cortisol) were used to measure those variables and a Helkimo anamnestic and clinical dysfunction scoring for temporomandibular joint disorders were utilized in this study.Results : There is statistically a highly significant difference of the salivary cortisol and salivary alpha - amylase in the patient group( stress with temporomandibular joint disorders) and control group. The absence of correlation between these salivary markers was founded. Correlation analysis of salivary cortisol with Helkimo anamnestic and clinical dysfunction score shows positive association expressed by significant probability of error (p) value while for salivary alpha - amylase there is no association.Conclusion : This study demonstrates that salivary alpha amylase can be used as a stress biomarker in conjunction with cortisol to assess temporomandibular joint problems due to psychological stress in university students.

الظواهر الوجهية والفموية، عوامل الاكسدة ومضادات الاكسدة في مصل ولعاب مرضى فقر الدم البحر الابيض المتوسط نوع بيتا في مدينة كربلاء Oro - Facial Manifestations, Oxidative Stress And Antioxidants Markers In Serum And Saliva of Patients With Beta Thalassemia Major In Karbala City

اسم المؤلف: مؤيد صاحب عباس شمسه
اسم المشرف: تغريد فاضل زيدان
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Thalassemia is a hereditary anemia resulting from defects in hemoglobin production. Beta Thalassemia, which is caused by a decrease in the production of beta globin chains, affects multiple organs and is ssociated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Aims of the study : The aims of this study were to study the oro - facial manifestations in beta thalassemia major patients and evaluation of the oxidative stress status in serum and saliva represented by malondialdehyde as xidative stress indicator and also assessment of serum and saliva antioxidants which are ceruloplasmin and uric acid in beta thalassemic patients with and without periodontitis and compared that with the healthy individuals in addition to investigate the relation between the clinical findings and laboratory investigations.Methods : Eighty seven (87) subjects were consented and contributed in this study, twenty eight (28) thalassemic patients with periodontitis, thirty (30) thalassemic patients without periodontitis and twenty nine (29) healthy subjects that were age matched with the patients. Oral examination has been done for each subject. Serum and saliva sample have been taken from each subject for analysis, to study malondialdehyde as oxidative stress and antioxidants ceruloplasmin and uric acid.Results : Malocclusion was the most common prevalent oro - facial manifestations (60%), followed by rodent face (35%), brown pigmentation of oral mucosa (23%) and incompetent lip (8%). The mean serum and saliva malondialdehyde were significantly higher in thalassemic patients with periodontitis than that in thalassemic patients without periodontitis and healthy subjects (p<0.001), while the mean serum and saliva ceruloplasmin were significantly higher in control group than that in other study groups (p<0.001). The mean serum uric acid was significantly higher in thalassemic patients without periodontitis than that in thalassemic patients with periodontitis and healthy subjects (p<0.001) and the mean saliva uric acid was significantly higher in thalassemic patients without periodontitis (p<0.05) compaired with thalassemic patients with periodontitis and healthy subjects. The results of this study showed that there were no significant correlation between serum and saliva malondialdehyde in any of study groups, while there was a positive significant linear correlation between serum and saliva ceruloplasmin in thalassemic patients with periodontitis (p<0.05), a negative significant linear correlation in healthy subjects (p<0.05) , a positive significant linear correlation in thalassemic patients without periodontitis (p<0.001). The results showed that there was a positive significant linear correlation between serum and saliva uric acid in thalassemic patients with periodontitis (p<0.05), a positive significant correlation in thalassemic patients without periodontitis (p<0.001) and no significant correlation between serum and saliva in healthy subjects. On the other hand there were no significant correlation between serum and saliva (malondialdehyde, ceruloplasmin and uric acid) and clinical attachment loss (p>0.05), except a positive significant linear correlation between clinical attachment loss and salivamalondialdehyde (p<0.05) was found. Conclusions : Malocclusion was the most prevalent oro - facial manifestations of beta thalassemia major patients. Oxidative stress play a significant role in the pathogenesis of beta thalassemia ,which was the main cause of red blood cells destruction represented by significant elevation of serum and saliva malondialdehyde and significant reduction of ceruloplasmin. Also oxidative stress remain contributing factor in periodontal tissue destruction, which was appeared as a significant increased level of saliva malondialdehyde and decreased saliva ceruloplasmin in patients with periodontitis and there was a significant correlation between saliva malondialdehyde and clinical attachment loss

التقييم النسيجي والكيمائي النسيجي المناعي لتاثير الاستخدام على VEGF/ N - acetyl D - glucosamine الموضعي ل شفاء العظم : دراسة تجريبية على الجرذان Histological And Immunohistochemical Evaluation of The Effect of Local Exogenous Application of VEGF /N - Acetyl D - Glucosamine On Bone Healing : (Experimental Study In Rats)

اسم المؤلف: ایناس فاضل كاظم
اسم المشرف: عذراء يحيى الحجازي
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الانسجة الفموية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Background : Bones are rigid organs that constitute part of the endoskeleton of vertebrates. They support and protect the various organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells and store minerals. Bone tissue has been shown to contain numerous cell - to - cell signaling peptides called growth factors. These growth factors are thought to have important regulating effects for bone remodeling and bone healing. Several growth factors are expressed during fracture repair. of these, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), is of particular interest because of its ability to induce neovascularization (angiogenesis). The responses to exogenous VEGF observed that a slow - release formulation of VEGF, applied locally at the site of bone damage, may prove to be an effective therapy to promote human bone repair. N - acetyl glucosamine is a monosaccharide, which are the derivatives of carbohydrates, it helps the body in making several other chemical agents which are used in the formation of bones, muscles and cartilages.N - acetylglucosamine is very effective in providing support for the skeletal system of the humans, and may provide strength to the ligaments and joints, and the skin remains fresh and glowing. Aims of study1. To identify role of local exogenous application of vascular endothelial growth factor and application of N - acetyl - D glucose amine as a biomaterial in bone healing.2. To analyze the expression of Vascular endothelial growth factor, tissue non specific ALP and bone matrix protein (collagen - 1) by immunohistochemistry in created bone defect after application with different biomaterials in a rat model. Materials and MethodsIn this experimental study fifty four male Albino rats, weighting (300 - 400) gram, aged (6 - 8) months were used and maintained under control conditions of temperature, drinking and food consumption. The animals were subjected for a surgical operation of medial sides of both tibial bone ( right side was considered as experimental site ,while left be the control one). The animals were divided into following groups according to the applicable growth factors.A. Contol group the bone defect treated with 1?m of normal saline and its number represented the all number of the following experimental groups as the left side of each animal considered to be the control.B. Experimental group includes ? Group I contains (18) rats, the bone defect treated with 1?ml of Vascular endothelial growth factor. ? Group II contains (18) rats the bone defect treated with 1?ml of Nacetyl D - glucosamine.? Group III contains (18) rats, the bone defect treated with 1?m combination of (VEGF& N - acetyl D - glucosamine).Every single group composed of 18 rats that studied in three periods 3,7,10 days (6 rats for each period). Histologic and immunohistochemical evaluation for VEGF, alkaline phosphatase and collagen type 1 were carried for all animals.Results : A. For Histological findings An early apposition of osteoid tissue was detected in VEGF group. Osteoblast, osteocyte and osteoclast cells count were demonstrated to be with high mean value in VEGF group followed by N - acetyl Dglucosamine group in periods 3,7,10 days post operative of bone defect.Inflammatory phase as first step in bone healing was detected in all study groups at 3 day, and combination group records highest value in the mean of inflammatory cell count in comparisum to others. Finally thestudy demonstrated that exogenous VEGF/ N - acetyl D - glucosamine has a direct effect on osteoblastic activity.B. For Immunohistochemical findings The present result showed positive expression of VEGF by bone marrow stromal cells, adipocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, precursor endothelial cells, and bone cells include osteoblasts and active osteocytes in different periods in all groups but in different score. Therefore, our primarily data provide evidence that VEGF activity is essential for appropriate bone formation and mineralization in response to injury. At day 3, bone marrow stromal cells in combination group records highVEGF expression, VEGF group is the second. At 7 and 10 day VEGF group records a highest VEGF expression in comparisum to other groups. The data showed a high expression for ALP during the formative stages of bone in all groups except combination group shows the lowest count for positive cells that expressed ALP.the present results showed that at day 3, bone marrow stromal cells in VEGF and N - acetyl D - glucosamine group records high collagen type I expression. Conclusion : the study demonstrated that low application of VEGF / Nacetyl D - glucosamine could be an effective therapeutic for bone injuries, these data are promising for a possible future clinical usage.

Assessment of The Oral Findings, Salivary Oxidative Status And Iga Level Among Group of Workers Exposed To Petroleum Pollutants In Al - Daura Oil Refinery

اسم المؤلف: امير سعد حمزة
اسم المشرف: Jamal Noori Ahmed
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Petroleum is perhaps the most important substance consumed in modern society. Petroleum is unique and s a complex mixture of thousands of compounds. Oil refinery workers are continuously exposed to numerous hazardous materials and working conditions that place them at continuous risk of injury and death.Petroleum contains the heavy metals as a natural constituent or as additives. The main threats to human health from heavy metals are associated with exposure to lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic. Several carcinogenic metals such as arsenic, cobalt, chromium, lead, mercury, and nickel induce redox reactions in living systems. These metals induce the production of reactive oxygen species in both in vivo and in vitro systems. These radicals have rendered oxidative damage to deoxyribonucleic acid, proteins, and lipids. Secretory immunoglobulin A is the main immunoglobulin found in mucous secretions from the tear glands, salivary glands, mammary glands, the respiratory system, the genito - urinary tract, and the gastrointestinal tract.Aims of the study Assessment of the salivary levels of heavy metals among the workers of Al - Daura oil refinery, assessment of the oxidative status in the oral cavity of the workers by measurement of Malondialdehyde and Superoxide dismutase markers,assessment of the oral immunological activity by measurement of secretory immunoglobulin A level in saliva and Assessment of the oral findings among the workers.Subjects, Materials and Methods This study was done in Al - Daura oil refinery, samples consist of 60 workers involved in refining processes as study group subdivided into three subgroups which represent the different sections in the refinery and 20 subjects not involved in refining processes as control group. Oral examination and saliva collection was done to assess the oral findings and measure the level of heavy metals (lead and cadmium), oxidative status (Malondialdehyde and Superoxide dismutase) and secretory IgA.Results The mean of salivary lead and cadmium was higher in study group (6.34 ?g/dl and 0.56 ?g/l respectively) than that of control group (3.3?g/dl and 0.34 ?g/l respectively) with highly significant difference (p

اثر عوامل البيئة الاجتماعية على سلوك سيطرة وزن المراهقين في المدارس الثانوية في مدينة بغداد Impact of Socio - Environmental Factors Upon Adolescents' Weight Control Behaviors In Secondary Schools At Baghdad City

اسم المؤلف: بثينة بشير صالح
اسم المشرف: اقبال غانم علي معلة
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: التمريض
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: دراسة وصفية(مقطعية) اجريت في جانبي الكرخ والرصافة لمعرفة اثر عوامل البيئة الاجتماعية على سلوك سيطرة وزن المراهقين في المدارس الثانوية في مدينة بغداد للفترة من 20 من شهر نيسان لعام 2013 الى نهاية تشرين الاول لعام 2014.تهدف هذه الدراسة للتعرف على عوامل ال | Overweight and obesity are one of the biggest threats for public health, both in children and adolescents. Fair enough, a lot of attention is paid towards this threat. However, hardly any attention is paid to weight loss behavior in normal weight children and adolescents. Teenagers who consider themselves as too fat who were negative body image a high risk for unnecessary weight loss behavior. A Cross - Sectional Descriptive study was conducted on impact of socio - environmental factors upon adolescents' weight control behaviors in secondary schools at both sides Al - Karkh and Al - Risafa sectors of Baghdad city. The study period started from 20th of April 2013 to the end of October 2014. The study aimed to find out the relationship between weight control, and socio - environmental factors and adolescents' demographic data (age, gender, Body Mass Index, and socio - economic status), and find out the impact of socio - environmental factors upon adolescents' weight control behaviors. A non - probability (purposive sample) of secondary adolescent schools , while 1254 adolescents' students were chosen randomly from that schools. The study instruments consist of four parts. The first part concerned with adolescents' students and their parents? socio - demographic data; the second part is about adolescents' students eating patterns and their meals list at home. The second part is divided into six sections. The 1 section consists of 28 items : the adolescents' students eating patterns and meals list at home, section 2 and 3 contains 16 items : for eating the snacks and fast food, section 4 is composed of 12 items : which are about adolescents' students eating time in schools with peers, section 5 has 12 items : related to the reasons of skipping meals, and section 6 consists of 6 items : about adolescents' lifestyle. The third part is about the physical activities and dieting programs, it consists of 7 items. The fourth part 10 items are related to the adolescents' weight control behaviors. Test - retest determined the reliability of the study instrument which was r = 0.90. A descriptive statistical analysis (frequencies and percentages) and inferential statistical analysis, and (chi - square) were used. The result of the study sample indicated that more than two fourth of the Body Mass Index was almost equal in under or normal weight while the another half were overweight and obese, and the sample's family socio - economic status was in high or low level status. The study indicated most of the adolescents' took breakfast at home, eating snacks, reasons of skipping breakfast meal, and their lifestyle had a highly significant association with their gender and that indicate no differentiate between their gender eat what they want at any time. The results of the study reflected the adolescents' students eating lunch and dinner at home, and reasons of skipping breakfast meal had no significant association with their ages. The adolescents' students favorite to eat snacks and fast food at home and it's had a highly significant association with their Body Mass Index. Also there is a highly significant associated for the study sample socio - environmental factors with their socio - economic status. The results of the study reflect that is a highly significant association between eating habits and their total weight control behavior methods. The study recommended the Ministry of Health need to activate the nutritional program strategies for weight management within school health services, and need to increase establishment other especial centers for managing adolescents from risk for overweight and obesity like as Obesity Research and Therapy Unit in AL - Kindy College of Medicine and Nutrition Research Institute. I suggest a schedule as a guideline for healthy nutritious for weight control and achieve daily physical activity Finally Ministry of Education need to involved teachers in that strategies and training them in relation to these programs.

تاثير التقنيات المساعدة على الانجاب على نتاج الحمل في مستشفيات بغداد : دراسة مقارنة Impact of Assisted Reproductive Technology On Pregnancy Outcome In Baghdad Hospitals : Comparative Study

اسم المؤلف: رغد زغير دوسر
اسم المشرف: عز الدين فخر الدين بهاء الدين
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاطفال
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: الخلفية : في عام1978 ولادة الطفل الاول في المملكة المتحدة من قبل تقنيات المساعدة على الانجاب، ازداد كلا من التقنيات المتطورة التي تستخدم لعلاج العقم وعدد مراكز الاخصاب التي توفر خدمات التقنيات المساعدة على الانجاب بشكل كبير في كثير من البلدان,وتشمل التقنيا | Background : In 1978 the first baby born in the U.K by the techniques of assisted reproduction. both the use of advanced technologies to overcome infertility and the number of fertility clinics providing ART services have increased steadily in many countries. ART includes fertility treatments in which both eggs and sperm are handled in the laboratory (in vitro fertilization (IVF), intra cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), gamete intrafallopian transfer (GIFT), zygote intrafalopian transfer(ZIFT), and related procedures). Women who undergo ART procedures are more likely to deliver multiple - birth infants than those who conceive naturally because more than one embryo might be transferred during a procedure. Multiple births pose substantial risks to both mothers and infants, including pregnancy complications like, preterm delivery, and low birth weight infants. Caesarean section, pregnancy induce hypertension, gestational diabetes, congenital malformation.Objective : To assess the impact of assisted reproductive technology on pregnancy outcome and compare them to those of natural conception. Methodology : The present study employs a descriptive - purposive design carried out for pregnant women after assisted reproductive technology attending labor wards of Baghdad Hospitals, Kamal AL - samarae Hospital, Baghdad Teaching Hospital, AL Imamain AL - Kadhmien Teaching Hospital, Private Nursing House Hospital, AL - Elwya Maternity Teaching Hospital, AL Imam Ali Hospital, AL - Karkh Maternity Hospital for, and Ibn AL Baladi Hospital. The period for collecting the data was four months (1st February 2014 to the 1st Jun 2014). The study sample divided into two groups : 100 women conceived after assisted reproductive technology(study group), 100 women conceived naturally (control group). Validity through a panel of (15) experts and the reliability of the questionnaire is determined through the pilot study. For the purpose of the present study a questionnaire format was constructed. The data has been managed and analyzed by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results : An increased pregnancy complication as well as higher risk of obstetrical, perinatal, and neonatal complications was observed in ART compared with natural pregnancy included in this study. The women conceived by ART were older than those conceived naturally (30.86_+ 4.76 vs 25.85 - +7.78) ART pregnancies were associated with a higher risk of early pregnancy bleeding (8% vs 42%), antepartum heamorrhage (4% vs 13%), placenta previa (6% vs 15%), pregnancy - induced hypertension (29% vs 46%), gestational diabetes (7% vs 20%), preterm rupture of membrane (11% vs 25%), preeclampsia (3% vs 12%), obesity during pregnancy (47% vs 65% ), preterm delivery (16% vs 48%), cesarean section( 67% vs 100%), low birth weight (12% vs 32.5%), multiple birth (twin 11% and twin tri 7% vs.0.0%), the period of the newborn child stay in the neonatal intensive care unit (15 days 47.8% vs. 0.0%)Conclusion : The pregnancies after ART are associated with higher risk of multiple pregnancies, obstetrical, perinatal, as well as neonatal complications in comparison with natural pregnancy. Recommendations : Educate mothers who become pregnant using the techniques of assisted reproduction importance they received of their children examined periodically, with long - term developmental follow - up on a regular basis, to exclude late complication of the pregnancy outcome. Emphasis should be on the birth of healthy infants primarily using Embryo single transfer (EST),to reduce the incidence of low birth weight and preterm delivery.

تقويم التعلم الموجة الذاتي للممارسات المختبرية المتعلقة باعطاء الدواء لطلبة كليات التمريض في جنوب العراق Evaluation of Students' Self - Directed Learning Laboratory Practices Related To Administration of Medication In Southern of Iraq Nursing Colleges

اسم المؤلف: حيدر علي حسين الوحيلي
اسم المشرف: نرمين بدري توفيق البارودي
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التمريض
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: المقدمة : الصعوبات التي تواجه تعليم التمريض تكمن في انتاج القوى العاملة التمريضية وهذا يتطلب رعاية الطلاب بالكفاءات اللازمة التي من شانها تسهيل انتقالهم من طلبة التمريض الى ممرضين كفوئين مؤهلين في وظيفتهم. حيث ان للتعلم الموجه الذاتي اهمية كبرى في تطوير ق | Background : The challenge in nursing education lies in the production of a nursing workforce. This requires nurturing the students with the necessary competencies that will facilitate their transition from nursing students to qualified staff nurses. Self - directed learning is of great importance to the professional development of nursing students. It enables them to expand the knowledge and enhance the quality of their practice. Nursing students must keep abreast of new information, current and emerging trends, medical technology and related scientific and professional publications to be able to function effectively in a constantly changing workplace. Self - directed learning helps nursing students remain flexible, open to change, current in practice skills, and at the same time it helps in the growth of the students’ confidence and professionalism. Objectives : The aim of the study is to evaluate the students' self - directed learning laboratory practices related to administration of medications procedures (Intramuscular injection, Intravenous injection and oral medication ). Methodology : Across sectional design was has been carried out at three colleges of nursing in the south of Iraq and used in the present study from 23th February 2015 to 15th May , 2015. To evaluate nursing students' self - directed learning in applying laboratory practices related to administration of medication in southern of Iraq. The present study was conducted in southern Iraq at three nursing colleges which included (Missan, Thi - Qar and Basra nursing college ). Purposive sample was selected which consist of (90) first year of nursing students( 45) male and (45) female and the sample contained (30) students from each college after the consent of the participants. The check - list consists of two parts, the first part is general information about the study sample of nursing students (4 items) and the second part is an ideal observation check list which includes (73) items including three procedure technique which consists of the intramuscular injection ( 25 )items, intravenous injection (28) items and oral medications (20) items that concerned with students self - directed learning laboratory practices technique. Each procedure has three steps of strategy technique (preparation , equipments and procedure ) which are considered important steps that must be performed by students. The items concerning students self - directed learning laboratory practices are rated on three levels likert scale; (satisfy , need more practice and unsatisfied ). Reliability of the evaluation check - list competency is determined through the use of check - list is based on Cronbach's practices. The instrument validity is determined through a panel of (15) experts.The present study are analyzed through the application of two statistical approaches. A descriptive statistical approach includes (frequency, percentage, Mean of score (M.S.) and standard deviation (SD) and an Inferential statistical approach includes (Chi - Square,t - test, ANOVA). Results : The result of the study indicate that the majority of the first nursing students' satisfaction in general have high level of the self - directed learning in laboratory practices. During application the result show that s (96.7%) intravenous , (93.3%) intramuscular and (88.9%) oral medications administration and also the study declared non significant relationship between self - directed - learning (students lab practice) and their demographic data. Recommendations : This study recommended that : . 1 - Introduce a policy and supportive plans to assist and encourage personnel of every nursing students to the colleges.2 - Extensively apply self - directed learning as a method of learning for their professional and self - development and develop visual aids for learning and set up comprehensive.3 - Update the sources of learning for example public library , the internet service, communications room and/or educational technology room. 4 - Facilitate suitable environment for nursing students in searching for information they need for learning and self - development. 5 - Every these recommendation addressed to ministry of higher education/ colleges of nursing.

تقييم رضا المسنين باتجاه الرعاية الصحية في دار المسنين في مدينة بغداد Assessment of Elderly'S Satisfaction Toward Health Care At Geriatric Home In Baghdad City

اسم المؤلف: عادل عبد الزهرة عطية
اسم المشرف: محمد فاضل خليفة
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: التمريض
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت دراسة وصفية لتقييم رضا المسنين باتجاه الرعاية الصحية في دار المسنين في مدينة بغداد للفترة من 26 تشرين الثاني 2013 الى3 ايلول 2014، تهدف الدراسة الى تقييم رضا المسنين باتجاه الرعاية الصحية من خلال مجالات الرعاية مثل (طلب الرعاية الصحية، تناول الع | A descriptive study concerning the assessment of elderly's satisfaction toward health care at geriatric home in Baghdad city. From November 26th, 2013 to September 3rd, 2014. is to assess the elderly's satisfaction toward health care through the use of the domains of health care seeking, nutrient intake, physical activity, drug use, psychological aspect, social aspect, and to find out the relationship between elderly's satisfaction and their demographic characteristics of age, gender, marital status, level of education, health state, and economic status. The selection of the sample through a non - probability 'purposive sample' is (N=86) from elderly aged 65 years and over who reside in geriatric home. Data are collected through interview using questionnaire tool and analyzed through the application of descriptive and inferential statistical analysis which reveal, the reliability of the questionnaire which is determined through a pilot study and the validity is achieved through a panel of (18) experts. The study results showed demographic characteristics analysis of the sample concerned, the large number of the sample that was with age (65 - 69) years (34.9%) and also showed that majority of study sample (59.3%) are men and the remaining are women, and with regard to marital status it was found that many of them are widows and their percentage (38.4%) Regarding subject level of education, the greater number of them are illiterate and they are accounted for (48.8%) In addition, the majority of the elderly who suffer from chronic disease are (73.3) while the majority of them have no previous surgery and their percentage (58.1%) Regarding housing ownership (74.4%) they are absent or (do not have a house), and most of the elderly's monthly income is (53.5%) insufficient. The present study concluds : the vast majority of the elderly population are illiterate who do not have opportunity for better education. In addition, the elderly were generally satisfied with health care, and it was the best domain of elderly satisfaction is the nutrient intake and the less domain of health care seeking. While the study showed that, the demographic characteristics of elderly had no impact upon their overall satisfaction toward health care except the level of education. Therefore, that gender affects the satisfaction of the elderly in seeking of health care. In addition, the monthly income effects on elderly satisfaction with nutrient intake. As well as the age and suffering from chronic diseases affecting the physical activity domain and with level of elderly satisfaction in this aspect there is an impact of each gender, level of education and monthly income of the elderly on their satisfaction towards the social domain, the age affects the elderly satisfaction with psychological domain. The study recommended Promotion of health care provided to the elderly especially with regard to access to health care and the practice of physical activity. The Ministry of Labor and Social Affairs, in cooperation with the Ministry of Health can establish a special health center for the elderly to help them to get health care. As well as the establishment of a sports hall equipped to encourage the elderly to exercise of daily activities sports. Work of collective entertainment trips continuously to improve elderly mental and social state. Study should be conduct to assess satisfaction among the elderly residents in geriatric homes and others in their own about health care services (comparative study).

فاعليه تطبيق الممرضين للممارسات القياسية على العناية بالاطفال حديثي الولادة المصابين بمتلازمة كرب التنفس في وحده العناية بالاطفال حديثي الولادة في مستشفيات بغداد للاطفال التعليمية Effectiveness of Nurses Application of Standard Practices On Care of Newborn With Respiratory Distress Syndrome In Neonatal Care Unit At Children And Maternity Teaching Hospitals

اسم المؤلف: محمد عزيز حسن
اسم المشرف: اقبال غانم علي معلة
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: التمريض
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت دراسة شبه تجريبية في مستشفيات بغداد للاطفال التعليمية للفترة من 28 من كانون الثاني الى الاول من ايلول لسنة 2014 لتقييم فاعلية تطبيق الممارسات القياسية للممرضين والذين يتعاملون مع الاطفال حديثي الولادة المصابين بمتلازمة كرب التنفستم تقييم الحاجة من | A quasi experimental(interventional) study was carried out at Baghdad pediatric teaching hospitals in Baghdad from the 28th of January to the 1st of September 2014 to assess the effectiveness of the application of standardized practices to nurses dealing with neonate with respiratory distress syndrome. Assessment of needs was done to evaluate the nurses practices towards neonates with respiratory distress syndrome in neonatal care unit(NCU) by using a special format which includes multiples questions related to nurses knowledge and practices for 10 nurses works at the private Nursing home.The result of the assessment revealed that the nurses have poor knowledge and practices towards neonates with RDS. A pretest test was performed before the application of the program for 35 nurses, three of them was out of the study sample.Observation their practices based on the standardized items which was prepared by the researcher and extensive review of the literature. A non - probability (purposive) sample of 32 nurses who work in the neonate intensive wards was chosen to be involved in study sample, and an educational program was designed based on the results and basic nursing guidelines related to care for neonate with respiratory distress syndrome, it consists of two parts : the first part consists of demographic data, and the second part consists of an observational checklist format related to the nurses practices in care of neonate with respiratory distress syndrome. The questionnaire was used to observe the nurses practices in the pre - test applied before the program started , post - test 1 immediately after the application of the program, post test 2 after 1 month from the post test 1,and a post 3 after 2 months from the second post test. The reliability of the questionnaire was conducted through a pilot study and validity through a panel of experts. The data were analyzed through the application of a descriptive statistics frequencies ,percentages ,and application of inferential statistical procedures which include Pearson correlation coefficient and paired test. The finding of the study revealed that the nurses practices towards neonates with respiratory distress syndrome were improved after the implementation of the program in most of the items of the post test 1 ,2,and 3 of the program, and there is a significant association between nurses' practices and their level of education in most of the program items, There was also a significant association between nurses practices and years of their experiences. The study recommended increasing knowledge and practices of the nurses working in the neonatal care unit through regular training courses, in addition to increasing the number of graduated nurses from the College of Nursing in this critical unit.

تاثير البرنامج التثقيفي التمريضي على معارف وممارسات الملاك التمريضي ازاء التاهيل القلبي لمرضى النوبة القلبية The Effectiveness of Nursing Educational Program On Nurses Knowledge And Practices Toward Cardiac Rehabilitation For Patients With Heart Attack

اسم المؤلف: احمد عجلان علاوي ناصر
اسم المشرف: حكيمة شاكر حسن
الموضوع العام: الطب
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: التمريض
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت دراسة شبه تجريبية في مستشفى الشيخ زايد ومستشفى الصدر العام ومستشفى الكرخ العام ومستشفى الكرامة ومدينة الامامين الكاظمين الطبية ومستشفى بغداد التعليمي للفترة من الاول من ايلول2013 الى الاول من ايلول2014 تهدف الدراسة الى تقويم فاعلية البرنامج ال | A quasi - experimental design study was carried out at the AL - Sheikh Zayed hospital; AL - Sader; Al - Karkh ;AL - Karama ;Imameinkadhimein medical city and Baghdad Teaching hospital during the period from 1st September 2013 to 1st September 2014. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the effectiveness of nursing education program on the nurses knowledge and practice toward cardiac rehabilitation phase one for patients with heart attackThe program and instrument were constructed and developed by the researcher for the purpose of the study A random sample composed of (80) nurses was divided into two groups , the experimental group consisted of (40) nurses exposed to the nursing educational program and control group consisted of (40) nurses were not exposed to the program.Reliability of instrument was determined through the use of test and retest for the knowledge test and inter - observation for practice and the instrument validity was determined through a panel of experts. The instrument to measure the effectiveness of nursing educational program on nurses knowledge and practice included (30) items concerning the nurses knowledge and 58 items included nurses practice nurses practices toward cardiac rehabilitation phase one for patients with heart attack.The analysis of data was performed through the application of description statistic(Frequencies, Percents, and Cumulative Percentages , Mean of Score , Standard Deviation , Relative Sufficiency ) and Inferential statistical (Contingency Coefficients , Chi - Square test , Fisher to present the differences between the experimental and control groups. The results of the study shows that the nursing educational program regarding nurses knowledge toward cardiac rehabilitation program phase one is effective. They also shows that there is a good improvement with highly statistically significant differences between pre - post tests of experimental group in overall domains related to nurses practice in items of health assessment heart, assessment chest pain, cardiogenic shock, daily activity living and health education. The study concluded that the nurses working in coronary care unit have deficient knowledge and practices toward cardiac rehabilitation phase one for patient with heart attack. The study also confirms that the instruction oriented program on nurses in the experimental group is successful. The study recommended that the nurses staff can be encouraged and having motivation for being participated in the special training programs and conference to fulfill the nurses needs concerning defects and limitations ed in their practice toward cardiac rehabilitation phase one for patient with heart attack.

صعوبات تنفيذ مهارات الالوان لدى طلبة المرحلة الثانوية في انجاز اعمالهم الفنية وعلاقتها بالاضطرابات الادراكية البصرية

اسم المؤلف: الاء رضا عبد الحسين
اسم المشرف: ماجد نافع عبود الكناني
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد الادراك الحسي عملية تاويل الاحساسات تاويلا يزودنا بمعلومات عما في عالمنا الخارجي من اشياء, او هو العملية التي تتم بها معرفتنا لما حولنا من اشياء عن طريق الحواس, اذ يحتل موضوع الادراك اهمية كبرى لدى المختصين بالدراسات النفسية عموما والمهتمين بعلم النف

التشويه في جماليات تصاميم اثاث الشارع وسبل معالجتها Distortion In The Beauty Of The Design Of Street Furniture And The Methods To Remedy Them

اسم المؤلف: بان محمد شاكر الطائي
اسم المشرف: نوال محسن علي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: التصميم الصناعي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تتناول الدراسة الحالية (التشويه في جماليات تصاميم اثاث الشارع وسبل معالجتها ) بصورة اكثر شمولية من مثيلاتها لما لها من اهمية في ذائقية المتلقي من خلال البعد الوظيفي والمظهري لاثاث الشارع مع الحفاظ على الهوية والخصوصية في التصاميم , وان مشكلة البحث تحددت | The Current Study deals with(distortion in the beauties of Street Furniture Designs and how to remedy them), in more comprehensive manner than other similar conditions, because of the importance to reflect in the taste of the recipient by the function and the visual aspect of street furniture with maintaining the identity and privacy in the designs , and the problem of the research was out lined in the following question : What are the aspects of distortion in the beauties of furniture used in local areas (street furniture) and methods of treatment ?As for the importance of the research , it was focused in raising the level of taste for beauty of the recipient by determining the distortion taking place in the beauties of the design with finding means to fix this distortion while the research aims to specify the concept and type of distortion taking place in the beauties of street furniture as for the research limits they were outlined by the subject of distortion in beauties of the design of street furniture units used in public areas and how to fix them , in Baghdad /(Alwaziriyah) for the duration(2009 - 2014).As for the procedures of the Research the descriptor method was employed with accrediting a questioner from, which specified the basic axis of analysis, and the researcher have found out the following important results : The distortion took place in the percentage and in some models with a distortion in the visual communication as a result of misuse as the metal ore was distorted because of the bad joining methods which was affected in the climate conditions in several models.The most important conclusions : When the designer ignores the design foundations and the relations the distortion appears unintentionally in the appearance of the industrial product and by choosing some types of ores and joining methods and failing to use good painting , this create is an obvious distortion in these units because they were exposed for different environmental and climate effects which have contributed in creating the distortion , and the research ended by offering a set of recommendations and proposals.

البعد الجمالي في التكوينات الابداعية للخط العربي Aesthetic Dimension In Linear Formations Creative Calligraphy

اسم المؤلف: كريم سالم الساعدي
اسم المشرف: جواد عبد الكاظم فرحان الزيدي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الخط والزخرفة
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد مسالة الابداع والابتكار واحدة من اهم المسائل التي تشغل الانسانية في شتى مجالات المعارف والعلوم والفنون، فالابداع سمة العصر الحديث والطريق نحو النمو والرقي الحضاري، ولا يستثنى اي حقل معرفي او جمالي من الانشغال في قضية الابداع والابتكار فهما وسيلة التا | The issue of creativity and innovation is one of the most important issues of concern to humanity in various fields, Creativity characteristic of the times and the road towards progress and prosperity.To Aisttny any field of cognitive or aesthetic preoccupation with this issue, they are the means of meditation deep problems in order to develop solutions to the original and suitable.In Arabic calligraphy, which still indicates many of the questions and give a lot of fields of research is the study of dimensions of creativity is very important to deepen in the region to focus on the aesthetic and artistic objectives.When not studied this issue extensively, has directed the researcher to study through the four seasons, wondering in his first season for dimensional aesthetic that is available by formations linear, and attributes its transformation into a formality creative new leaves the context of traditional and maintains the rules discreet Arabic calligraphy.In the theoretical framework have addressed researcher in three sections to the concept of linear creative formations, as well as the characteristics of the formal and aesthetic and semantic configurable linear, and the effectiveness of Marja receive text language as a springboard aesthetic creative founder of the degree zero aesthetic in modern linear configuration.This included the third chapter action research to analyze the models selected sample and the approval of the orientations of the search, the according to a set of pillars appropriate to achieve the objectives of the research, and seal search a bid for the results showed the contribution of infrastructure design and processing of the contents of the text, and overlapping techniques races other technical in the incorporation of the dimensions of the aesthetic and creative in the configuration linear , as demonstrated by the conclusions of the possibility of achieving the objectives set for the search through the system prepared by the researcher and down to develop a set of recommendations and proposals.

تقويم تدريس الطلبة المطبقين في قسم التربية الفنية اكاديمية الفنون الجميلة جامعة بغداد Evai.Vation Teaching Practice Of Students In Art Education Depar'L'Ment Acadj!My Of Fine Arts Tjniymsity. Ot Baghd.Ad

اسم المؤلف: عبد المنعم خيري حسين
اسم المشرف: سعدي لفتة موسى
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 1986
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Evaluation is considered as a vital factor in the·education.field.Preparation of the art teacher academically and the practical education, appliance in the high school is a funda11entai part in theoretical student preparation in four years duration.When any element of artistry educational occupational l does not exist, it may affect efficiency of (student/teache ) during practical application.us to study the practical aim~ The necessity requires from that they must exist in the behaviour of student/teacher during training perlod. The importance of research is to explode from the followingpoints : 1 I Academy of Fine Arts requires such&#39;study, this is ascientific study in the qualified field of art educa•tion.2 It shows the internal efficiency of Art Education Department in ~he Academy of Fine Arts··, Univer

البناء التشكيلي للرسوم الموجهة للاطفال The Formation Structure of The Painting For Children

اسم المؤلف: كاظم عبد الزهرة رسن
اسم المشرف: نجم عبد حيدر الجنديل
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الرسم
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Developed countries got interested in comic stories after they touched the amount of their broad impact on the development of the child 's perceptions and influence on the growth of his character , and reached this limit interest forcing governments themselves to the legislation of laws that regulate and develop basic obligations and the rules of this art.It was a comic fount major supplying communities with knowledge and science and the publications that contain Comics spread widely distributed millions of copies and were conducted in the world hundreds of thousands of research studies and articles about this art , while the remaining Arab world and the Iraqi JH particular deals with this art has led to marginalize him , what was a major reason for the decline in the level of what is produced in this field of fees , in the Arab world is seen drawing for children as a limited role on decorating books and magazines is not seen critics and researchers to outcomes that will be drawing the bulk of them , but from the perspective of educational denial role art - making communities.From here came the attention of the researcher and its insistence on research in the history of this art and details and patterns , trends, and especially after it was discovered that the Arab Research and Studies in this regard are not available at all Never before an Arab researcher that the research in this field.Can be summed up what he had done researcher in this research are as follows : Researcher touched in the first quarter of the research to the research problem , and the spatial and temporal boundaries , and goals , and the definition of terms for a definition of the research linguistically ,in termly and procedurally.In the second chapter , which included theoretical framework , touched a researcher in the first section to the child's personality and how to grow , noting that growth determinants and reviewing the school when it came , in the fields of psychological and social science theories.While the second part consisted of comics history with a review of the most important patrons referring to the history of censorship art Alcolmx and laws enacted by governments because of the spread of this art is widely and people wanting it.In the third section reviewed the researcher styles and trends pursued by graphic artists are important in the world referring to a group of professional painters who left a clear imprint in the history of this art.While ensuring the fourth section a review of the history and active storyboards in Iraq , and was talking about the pioneers of this art in

المنظومة الضوئية وتغير المكان في العرض المسرحي العراقي Lighting System And The Change of Place In Iraqi Theatrical Show

اسم المؤلف: علي محمود محمد السوداني
اسم المشرف: قاسم مؤنس عزيز
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون المسرحية - تقنيات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

ما بعد الحداثة وانعكاساتها في سينوغرافيا العرض المسرحي العراقي Postmodernism And Anekasthe In Scenography Supply Iraqi The

اسم المؤلف: فيصل علي شرين الدوسكي
اسم المشرف: قاسم مؤنس عزيز
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2014
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد فن المسرح من الظواهر الحضارية الانسانية، اذ يوصف بالتطور على مستوى وجود الانسان بمستواة التاريخي، ويعد قديما على مستوى ظهور الحضارات الكبرى كما هو حال حضارة وادي الرافدين، ووادي النيل، والحضارة الاغريقية...الخ.ويمكن لقاريء تاريخ المسرح ان يلتمس ت | The art of the theater phenomena of human civilization , as described evolution at the level of the existence of the historical rights to its level , and is out of date at the level of the emergence of great civilizations , as is the case with the civilization of Mesopotamia and the Nile Valley and the Greek civilization... etc..A reader theater history to seek the development of the theater with Greek civilization and Romania to disclose material and references and institutions with beginnings and growth , which differed in which researchers , but what can we adopt in this thesis is what constitutes the structure PRESENTATION formal and dynamic game play as the development of methods Manifesting dazzling accompanied this growth of civilization , which can be described as the growth of tissue adopted all the knowledge available in the neighborhoods of the investment game play , including the science of optics and physical blocks and the lighting and colors and different... etc. Alaihamat of Science neighboring possible to utilize them in a product of game play.This as well as the evolution and transformation of aesthetically pleasing as a result of shifts in the structure of consciousness itself , and appointed to the nature of beauty and the beautiful , including changes to the historical level of movements and technical approaches , which as the variable information on the level of art history , or philosophy of art history , and is the idea of post - modernism , and their productions of the most important aspects of development and transformation in the taste of the Assembly, which swept the arts and literature , and all the creative structures of human civilization , including the art of theater that has been affected by and produced what we might call postmodern theater , which skips steps intellectually and technically.One manifestation of the modern theater transformation broad scenography theater , which was adopted approaches and trends of modernity , starting from Impressionist and passing Baltkaaabah and symbolic and Dadaism and the end Balsraalah , but that theater modernism influenced by the art of assembly and installation , which is one of the arts postmodern At the time of modernity itself and it is normal because the interval between modernity and Beyond separator default, can not be entirely watershed where things are a lot of overlap.The postmodern art , particularly theater , has achieved the outcomes of the task can be half to proceed with actors , which will reveal the institutions of post - modernism itself , and these outcomes with regard to the art of body art of the earth , and Video, and digital art , and these trends that form the structure of post - modernism , and found its place fertile in the art of theater in its system design.The Iraqi theater of theaters in bold and call variables which surprised theaters in the neighboring countries and the manifestations of this is what we find in the daring design creations , especially theater scenography of postmodernism.The researcher found that this trend did not take his scientific position and described dimension for analysis and exploration and drilling flour , despite the importance of the subject and seriousness because a shift in the overall environment for viewing theater , directed towards the form that builds scenography theater as an important center and active in PRESENTATION , which shows the importance of this research and the need for him as well as the goals and limitations cited by the researcher in the first chapter of this thesis and after the completion of the researcher to this chapter represented a systematic framework for the search , and then the definition of terms , the frame of mind of knowledge ( theory) is built on the following according to the detective.To enable the researcher of the mechanism of scientific research the exact terms founded and bases to reveal the secrets of this organization and to realize the verdicts Almazmrh and which was governed by a set of structures and cultural patterns , social, economic and even psychological linked Bmarjaaat doctrinal through First research of the second quarter , which was under the title ( the philosophy of modernity onwards ) of this section has been detected philosophy of modernity and their references and their origins and transformations to the postmodern.The second section devoted to ( artistic forms of art postmodern ) because the subject of modernity and beyond is the fabric represents all aspects of civilization kinds Mstdeih inclusiveness and interaction of all aspects of culture change that was philosophically and politically or scientifically or technically , and calls for change and openness to the new.The third section ( Alcinogravea and a mechanism to engage in postmodern theater ) reveals that the correlation between design and architectural Alcinogravea stage and the mechanism of performance and technology that have subscribed to a set of elements and mechanisms that shape the visual presentation of the playwright. Reading is the new scenography in postmodern theater allows for the recipient that explains the artwork in his own way , but re - formed , and according to his reading on what he sees and diversity of stylistic trends of the scenography depending on the variety of trends and styles in the era of post - modernism.After he finished his research researcher kits through detective theoretical , intellectual and technical moved to the third quarter , which represents action research as beginning with his community and his research samples and method , and the method of sampling Mentahja intentionality of the total samples of the title in question and the justification for the selection of samples.Finally, it was the fourth quarter , representing the results and conclusions reached by scientific research which has important consequences on the theoretical level analytical and exploratory and finally the level of future default.The researcher presented at the end of his research recommendations was for supplements that include interviews and research provided by the professors thought and literature, theater and the creators of the design at the College of Fine Arts Mtfdilan thankfully they are both professors Prof. Dr. Fadil (Sami Abdul - Hamid ) , Dr Fadil ( Fadel Khalil ) Dr Fadil ( Salah reeds ) , Dr Fadil ( Abbas Ali Jaafar ) Dr Fadil ( star Haider ) , Dr Fadil ( Hussein Altk ) , Dr Fadil ( Mohammed Abdel - Rahman al - Jubouri ) , Dr Fadil ( Aqeel Muslim).Finally, like the researcher a statement that art ( scenography ) postmodernism in the Iraqi theater is an art recently has been associated with the renaissance of the theater , after the arrival of creative artists from Europe , including the artist ( Kadhim Haydar ) and artist (Sami Abdel Hamid) and artist (Ibrahim Jalal ) and artist ( Fadel Khalil ) and artist ( Salah reeds ), which is an inexact art and composite difficult to interact with it and achieve results , making its employees do not complete the fingers stop per numbering they Mtfaalon in the level of their offspring quantitative and qualitative , and many of the constraints facing the working art Alcingravea , including constraints and objective thought , because theater postmodern disregards the form and terms of reference or foundations or private art techniques , each work has its style and its terms of reference and ideas that are different from the other work

معطيات المعرفة العلمية للمتحول التقني في المنهج الصناعي Personal Representative And Performance Between The Epic Theater And Gala Theater Offers In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: صلاح نوري محمود الجيلاوي
اسم المشرف: قدوري عراك صكر هدى محمود عمر
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: التصميم الصناعي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The current study entitled (the given scientific epistemological knowledge for the technical transformation in industrial product), approached the subject of design in general, and modern industrial product design, in particular, which employed modern techniques and have new concepts and ideas, which was the main element in making significant changes in product appearances. the first chapter included the research problem which it concentrate about identifying the epistemological systems and structure and foundations, which allows us to understand the mechanism and relational components of industrial product , according to that knowledge that contribute to the activation of mental images and imaginative abilities of industrial designer, and reproduction of ideas that used in identifying the technical transformation for that product. According to that, the research problem has crystallized by these questions : 1. does the scientific knowledge has contributed in evolving the product design, and how techniques effected by the upcoming of scientific knowledge? 2. the extent to which the Awareness of industrial designer expertise cumulative knowledge gained through the stages of time?While the importance clarified through the data of scientific knowledge and the overlapping with art, since such interference can appears the values of artistic techniques of product design, so the detection of creative achievement system of scientific knowledge of pure mathematics, physics, chemistry, and technical aesthetic knowledge that appear in the design of industrial product which brings us to an account of the movement of pattern of the mental mechanism visualization and call for a stylistic vocabularyof industrial product to deal with, as it shows the followingimportant points : 1. The pattern movement of mental perception mechanism with which industrial designer generates from which new and innovative ideas based on the accumulation of knowledge, which stores them in memory and call the vocabulary of industrial product and stylistic interaction. 2. The scientific construction mechanism of knowledge and expertise to the industrial designer can be the organization that operates the juxtaposition actor and moving in the structure of the fabric with Other cognitive knowledge. The study aimed to detection and identification knowledge for scientific knowledge and its relationship to technical transformation and their implications in the design of industrial products.And the study formed of four chapters, the first chapter is the research problem and its importance and its objectives and its borders and determine the terms. the second chapter contains on previous studies and theoretical framework , which included four sections. First section dealt with the aspects of philosophical scientific knowledge , and ensure the second section shifts the intellectual , philosophical and tracks applied , and the third section , entitled the concept of technical and its applications in the design , and the fourth section has dealt with the concept and awareness of modern aesthetic and the crux of this chapter, a set of indicators has dealt with Chapter III action research and methodology, as the researcher adopted a descriptive approach in the processof describing and analyzing models of the sample , while the Chapter IV describes the models and analyzed by form axes of analysis developed by the researcher , and the results and conclusions.Chapter four includes models described and analyzed by analysis axes form developed by the researcher, and the results and conclusions. the most important results that emerged from the study are as follows : 1. Diversity in the techniques of high - quality has contrebute in the devices used to distinguish according to specialties.2. the use of new materials in not used of industrial products with a new characteristics, helped achieve the concepts of reductionism and simplicity, durability and ease of use and the possibility of high composition.3. The presence of correlation between technique based on scientific knowledge and applications that have emerged in the experimental applications of industrial product which suited with the mechanics of the user, allowing him to a great deal of activities embodied in scientific knowledge and scientific applications.4. the Change in human behavior and activity through the interaction of functionality, which has contributed to the aesthetics and functionality of the product as a result of the employment of scientific knowledge and its implications, which appeared during the experimental applications. The most important conclusions that emerged from thestudy were : 1. The technologies evolve continuously invested scientific discoveries, and there is no doubt it is one of the effective means to overcome the problems facing the process of development in the industrial products , and this continuity in progress constitutes an important factor in the accumulation of knowledge, which in turn lead to progress and impressive innovation overall of human activities in those products. The technical evolution is an interconnected and connected to start one of them up where the other and in spite of the diversity of techniques between the equipment and the materials and information , but it all involved in creating the products of design will transfer industrial products from traditional character to the modern technical nature, which it need to integrate them , to systems more sophisticated , namely, ( Smart systems )2. The adoption of advanced scientific knowledge has been led to intellectual shifts in the designs of industrial products in terms of function and aesthetics, which gave the impression that intellectually to the role of knowledge in the development of the social life of the user.3. the scientific knowledge Contributed to improved in making changes to the concepts held by the industrial designer See Through accreditation and keep up with new technologies, and this will be achieved throgh the product which it has cognition communication between that and the user, and this is reflected in the designs of industrial product to suit the needs and functional requirements and aesthetic that fit with the taste of the user.4. That most of the techniques employed in contemporary designs of industrial products and its evolution, which is characterized by a technical Nanotechnology and technical tactile and digital technology and radiation, artificial intelligence and pooling of modern materials, which contributed to a change in systems of formal and functional designs in industrial products

جماليات توظيف برامجيات الحاسوب في سينوغرافيا العرض المسرحي The Aesthetics of Employing Computer Softwares In The Scenography of Theatrical Show

اسم المؤلف: راوية جبار حسن
اسم المشرف: محمد عبد الرحمن الجبوري
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الفنون المسرحية - تقنيات
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان المسرح يعد حصيلة لتكامل النص مع الاداء الصوتي والحركي للممثلين ومدى انصهارهم مع المنظر والاضاءة والازياء، وهنا تظهر امكانية استخدام برامج الحاسوب في جزء من المنظر والمؤثرات الصوتية والضوئية وباستخدام تكنولوجيا العرض هذه مع بعض برامج الحاسوب مثل ( 3D G | The theater is considered as a product of text integration with voice and kinetic expression of the actors and their interaction with the scenery, lighting and costumes. Hence, we can find a possibility of using a computer in a part of the scene, sound and lightening effects. Using display technology by some computer programs such as (3D Graphics) and (Virtual Reality) can configure the sense of depth and different views that commensurate with the desired show. It is also characterized by dynamic capabilities which are not available in the traditional decor based methods. For example, dynamics allow making a change on the display elements with taking advantage of other video presentations to be an integral part of the background. The actual or real effects are to invest the non - final maximum energies for the PC in the creation of artwork tools and symbols, reproducing voice and image so that it its impact on viewers (sometimes) would exceeds the reality and beyond sometimes. The actual effectsoffer its tools to the computer user; would make it dive into an experience that is so close to reality. So the researcher has divided her research into four chapters : Chapter I - Research methodological framework : it includes the research problem, its importance, the need to it, its goals and limits. It ends with defining the following terms : (beauty, employment, software, computer, theatricalscene) Chapter II - it contains a theoretical framework for the research and previous studies, including four sections : First : the aesthetics of modern experiments in the formation of the scene. Second : technology and experimental trends.Third : the aesthetics of design by the computer (Digital Arts). Fourth : lighting devices used in modern theater. Finally, this chapter shows the indications that the theoretical framework ended up with.Chapter III : it includes the research procedures which the whole research was consisted of. It is limited to the Iraqi and Arabic theatrical performances. The samples of the research on the other hand were deliberately chosen by the researcher and for the following rationales : 1. The samples represent the research problem, its importance and its objectives. 2. The extent of disparity between the theatrical directors which the researcher has highlighted their scenes on a play that was embodied by their theatrical shows. 3. Archival sources of theater shows provide the sample of the research. Regarding the research methodology, the researcher has adopted the analytical approach in the presentation of theoretical framework, also adopted the descriptive approach in the presentation of samples brought by the whole research.As for the research tool, the researcher relied on the indicators that resulted from the theoretical framework.The research samples are : 1. Adding Machine directed by (Ronald Wells)2. theatrical play (Play) directed by (Lance Jarafa)3. The use of technology in the play of (Othello) directed by (Salah Qasab).Chapter IV has included research results and conclusions, then the list of resources and supplements. Finally, it ends with an English abstract.

نظريات الاتصال الحديثة واسقاطاتها الفكرية على المنتج الصناعي The Modern Communication Heories And Their Intellectual Impact On The Industrial Product

اسم المؤلف: جاسم احمد زيدان
اسم المشرف: شيماء عبد الجبار حميد العبيدي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: التصميم الصناعي
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Industrial design is regarded as an intellectual and cognitive product that is developed with accordance to the analytical awareness of man interpreting accordingly the external existence with the means of senses which human and other creature have. The senses are the window overlooking the external world and the environment. The form the beginning of mediation and observance and concentration and the formation of depictions which work according to the innovative imagining.Therefore the industrial design is regarded as one of the important pivots of the fine arts. These pivots revolve around the bases of how to convey meaning or the design of the idea to the users or the receivers in the clarity with hindrance to the understanding.The language of visual communication which scientific ad practical bases are formed according to the modern theories of communication. It is the language of modern communication of signs and relations are connected together. The modern theories of communication have offered developed system of communication to the user. But these face the problem of awareness and culture in the confrontation of the developed industrial products (multi - purpose digital devices) as means of communication in finding utilities.Upon the above, the researcher preferred to found the problem of his study through revealing the reflections which are formedby the modern theories of communication on the industrial product of the electronic device (Smart TV, Smart Camera, interactive board, Tablet PC, Smart phone).The study aims at the following : 1 - Investigating the modern theories of communication ad their intellectual impacts on the industrial product.2 - Analysis of sample of modern industrial products to know the effect the modern theories of communication in the development of product.In order to verify these objectives, the researcher founded a theoretical framework that tackles the philosophical backdrops to knowledge and communication and put the following (3) inquiries : First inquiry : The relationship between sensual visual realization and communication.Second inquiry : the modern theories of communication and their application fields.Third inquiry : the aesthetic thinking and its relations to the theories of communication and their impact on the industrial product.The researcher comes up with a number of indications which resulted from the theatrical framework depending I the design of the instrument which is the content analysis form of the industrial product specified in the sample.In order to determine the modern theories of communication that could be concord with the samples of the study, the researcher made a survey of the opinions of the experts in these theories. They referred to him to the theories of (McLuhan - Diffusion and innovation - selective effect - developmental technology).The research community was confined in the products of Samsung ad Sony institutions. The researcher chose a sample of (5) products after consulting the experts in the field of industrial design. The, these samples were analyzed according to the analysis form prepared for that purpose, which was subjected to the validity coefficient test by exposing them to the group of experts.Based on the analysis conducted for the sample, the researcher came up with a number of findings : 1) The structure of the sample was characterized by an apparent functional value and utilization which the user can touch and enjoy in their aesthetic function.2) The sample was characterized by digital products with aesthetic value especially in relation to the outside form of these products which contain attractive points emerging from the utilizing features for every type. This created a form of power in the taste.3) There is a clear reflection of the modern theories of communication on the functions of the industrial productsof sample in the functional and utilizing ad aesthetic aspects.The most important findings are the following : Upon these conclusions the researcher made a number of recommendations which are :

البنية التشكيلية لشكل الثور في النحت العراقي المعاصر Plastic Structure of Ox Shape At The Contemporary Iraqi Sculpture

اسم المؤلف: منى يونس عبد الجبار يونس عبد الجبار الجنابي
اسم المشرف: محمود عجمي جاسم الكلابي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: النحت
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study deals with study of ( Plastic structure of OX shape at the Contemporary Iraqi scdlpture ) , it comprises Four Chapters , First Chapter to demonstrate the Study Problem , its significant , its necessary , its target , and determine most important idiomsmentioned at the study.the study Problem inciudes raise limited questions about these study , and answering to that questions through debate main subject that connect to effect of human being at ancient period which is appearin the modern Art action as atopic subject submitted ti study through embodiment in modern Iraqi sculpture actions , and it should be adopted for intellectual and artistic composition to identify its essential.second chapter ( theoretical framework )comprises three topics , first topic deals with the concept of structure , second chapter concern with Iraqi environment effect on composition of OX s shape by course of time on distant ages , third chapter concernsstructure of OXs shape at modern art. chapter three includes study approach , in which researcher review Research population and its sample selection in addition to research tool and its approach. chapter four Ends with research results , conclusions , recommendations , andsuggestions , some of the results that study reach are : - 1 - Add aesthetic value for art action that embodied of OXs shape which has the content that interject subjective and objective of expression through forming of shape till it reach to a limited manner which hold that value , in addition to the intellectual value.2 - It is possible to set a value evaluation that on the vision simples of the OXs shape that has a determinants that embody by external form which determine the simple value that the action refer to it in this manner or embodiment.3 - the vision formulation of OXs shape in some samples has a decorative composition dominated by the nature of old Iraqi traditions that has its own reflect influence on such a simple of contemporary Iraqi sculpture.4 - Some of the OXs shape has a subjectivity plastic composition that alters the shape construction an aesthetic value more than objective one.

الصورة الطقسية في المسرح العراقي المعاصر : عادل كريم انموذجا Ritualistic Image In The Contemporary Iraqi Theater. (Adel Kareem As A Sample

اسم المؤلف: سعدية نوري محمد
اسم المشرف: سعد عبد الكريم خيون
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2014
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:

الزخارف الاجرية في القصر العباسي وامكانية توظيفها في اعمال الطلبة : النحت على الحجر انموذجا The Stony Ornaments In Al - Abbasi Mansion And The Way of Using It In Student'S Workers Sample : Sculpture On Stone

اسم المؤلف: منذر عبد المنعم محمد الطائي
اسم المشرف: هاني محي الدين محمد النعيمي
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The first chapter deals with studying the problem, the aims, the search limits and idioms and the production of the problem as follows : In general, the Islamic Art is special in its ornamental aspect. In this way the ornaments in all its kinds (Engendering, Vegetarian, Script and animal) becomes main part used a lot in most Artistic products in Moslems especially when in began to appear in Islamic building such as mansions, mosques, schools, all worship houses and holy places during the life of the Islamic city.The ornament with all its forms and shapes is one of the human aspects in Islamic Arab Art. Whether, it is important formed in ornamental lines or various ornamental shapes.One of the historical building that has still been in the city of Baghdad is "Al - Abbasi Mansion on the bank of Tigris which expresses the fabulous building in achievements and the high use of the stone ornament that decorated the walls from the outside and inside.To keep attractive value and the whole heritage of this mansion which expresses that technique and the way of pressing on stone by the ancient Iraqi sculpture all over the famous civilization of pesopetiemia that is used nowadays as a basic way of building the new ornament.And through the researcher's study in Sculpture's hall in the department and meeting a number of students and noticing their works, he finds that the students have no intellectual and practical skills about sculpture on stones because they don’t have enough knowledge about the way of direct achievement, they don’t know how to practice this kind of technique before.So the researcher wants to use the ornamental units in the students products in Collage of Art / Sculpture department in order to investigate about the answer of the following question of this study which is : Is it possible to use the ornaments from AL - Abbasi Mansion in sculpture works for Fine Art students / Plastic department/ sculpture part.The importance of answering the question in brief is that : - 1 - It is useful to the specialist sculpture in designing field , Arabic script , ornamental.2 - Supporting the calculums about designing the ornamental forms and the way of achieving them by using hellan stone or, gypsum marble in decorating the walls of buildings.The aim of this research is to be able to know the ornamental units of A L - Abbasi mansion and the ability to use it in the products of students in fine art college / plastic Department / sculpture part through : A - Making a training program to make students of Fine Art / sculpture part to know designing skills and achieving the ornamental units on stones.The researcher puts two supposals as follows : - 1 - There is no difference that has mathematical way on 0.05 between the students medium marks ( experimental group) who have been trained on sculpture on stone and practicing it through the works of third year students sculpture part according to program about their answers for items of intellectual total test before and after.2 - There is no difference that has mathematical way on the level of 0.05 between the students medium marks (experimental group) who have been trained on sculpture on Ahillan stone and practicing it through the work of third year students / Sculpture part according to the program about their answers for the items of practical total before and after and limits the research in : - The ornamental units that has been in AL - Abbasi mansion in Baghdad, the students of third year plastic sculpture part / Fine Art College / University of Mosul 2013/2014.The second chapter includes the visual aspects and the previous studies and the sources that are put in writing to get benefit from and the study of the researcher.To some points to make use of whenever he needs that through his paper some parts are united to be easy to study such as : a brief look on the history of AL - Abbasi mansion ornament , stony ornaments in AL - Abbasi : mansion.A historical summary about the appearance of Islamic Arab ornaments , the philosophy building the ornamental design. In structional design. The third chapter involves the research equivalents and the experimental.It limits the study experimentally and making a training program according to the scientific calculums for the scientific research. In this way the limits the community of the research and the experiment. It deals with community which the experimental about ten(girls and boys students) in the third year /sculpture / department / University of Mosul.The tools of the research include two tests the intellectual and the skillful before and after. The researcher used the scientific steps in finding the honest use of tools.Farther more , the research designs a form to evaluate the skillful performance , lastly , the researcher puts keys for answering , then he gets a help from two scoring who are specialist in the field of sculpture.The fourth chapter includes the most important results , it is obvious that there is a good achievement in the intellectual and skillful comprehension through the success in the studentsknowledgeable and skillful performance after training the students to practice sculpture on stone , they do very well. This shows the activate way in using this suggested program for this study.The researcher concludes that there is weakness in the knowledgeable part of the level of the 3rd year students/Fine Arts - College - University of Mosel.Probably the reason is that the academic calculums lack the students specialty because their training on clay materials only makes them lose the achieving skill of sculpture on stone in all its different kinds such as : stone marble and etc..1 - the lack of using work techniques (Sculpture tools) because of the lack getting the exact skill to Plastic Art students that leads to weakness in the students learning.2 - The lack of training students on sculpture to use different thing such as : stone, gypsum, marble and etc. makes them lose their skillful experiences.3 - Most of the teachers are old artists lack the practical experience for the new methods of teaching and technique of using the machines and the lack of using visual aids in front of the students.The researcher advised through his conclusions the followings : - 1 - Increasing the practical and the special part of both teacher and the students , through the continuous evaluation of the calculums and modernize them continuously.2 - Using this programed in this study to teach sculpture on stone for sculpture part and all other departments.3 - Opening complete modal workshop containing different materials and the useful tools in sculpture on stone, marble gypsum , wood ,etc……The research ends with some suggestions , then the scientific resources that can be used by the researcher

نظرية الحل الابتكاري TRIZ وانعكاساتها في التصميم الصناعي Theory of Inventive Solution (TRIZ) And Their Repercussions In Industrial Design

اسم المؤلف: محمد علي حسين القيسي
اسم المشرف: قدوري عراك صكر
الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: التصميم الصناعي
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The importance of the research is the importance of the theory of (TRIZ), which are based on the scientific method resulting from the analysis of the content of more than two million patents, founder of (TRIZ) was Genrich Altshuller, it assumed that the principles of general creative form the basis of the output of creative and that these principles can be identified and transferred to others to make the innovation process more amenable to learn. It recognize as the most important theory of the task, as adopted in more than (50) major international companies, including Company (Boeing for the aircraft industry and Toyota Motor).To summarize the research's problem, there is no publication of TRIZ theory concerning industrial design, the goal of the research is to characterize and employ a matrix of contradictions for the purpose of contradictions matrix Created especially to industrial design. The search Limit to traditional TRIZ theory (1973), which includes a matrix of contradictions, which contain in its composition, the forty principles and the 39 engineering standards as objectives limits, the research contain its theoretical framework of four sections, the first section dealt with the creativity and its theatrical concepts. This has been confirmed that the creativity and innovation cannot be taught or trained or acquisition, as well as the concept of creativity after the first quarter of the last century which showed that creativity could be educated and transformed.The second part of the research explain TRIZ theory and nine of their instruments, The tool matrix contradictions have been allotted for the Study of particular axis as the basis for the study.The third section has dealt with the contradictions and i matrix Included on the study of the concept of contradictions besides reviewed the (39) engineering standards and forty principles, the fourth section studied eight previous TRIZ's studies.The most important findings of the study was achieved the contradictions matrix model of industrial design, which Includes on (20) engineering standards and (40) principle. These principles characterized of the examples used to explain them was new which is taken from the field of industrial design and pro
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