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تاثير انزيم الكلوكوسيل ترانسفيريز المنقى من العزلة المحلية Streptococcus mutans النمط C في انتاج الاضداد (IgY) من صفار بيض طيور الدجاج The Effect of Glucosyltransferase Purified From Local Isolate Streptococcus Mutans (Serotype C) On Egg Yolk Antibodies (IgY) Generation In Layer Hens

المستخلص: استهدفت الدراسة الحالية عزل وتشخيص بكتيريا Streptococcus mutans المسؤولة عن تنخر الاسنان البشري والتكلسات (plaque) واستخراج اضداد لها من صفار بيض الدجاج Yolk Immunoglobullin (IgY) لغرض استخدامها مستقبلا كمثبطات لنمو هذه البكتيريا الخطيرة ويمكن مزجها مع مع | The presented study aimed to isolate the main agent for dental caries and teeth plaque, Streptococcus mutans bacteria, and then production of specific antibodies against these harmful bacteria by the use of chicken egg yolk immunoglobulin (IgY). S. mutans had been proposed as the main etiological agents of dental caries and high levels of mutans streptococci in the plaque is correlated with a higher risk for dental caries. Seventy five plaque samples were collected from human teeth. Forty two samples were considered to be positive bacterial isolates using MS - agar (Mitist Salivares agar). Thirty five isolates were considered belonging to the group Streptococci; among these isolates 29 isolates were expected to be belonging to mutans streptococci group according to ability of producing special kind of exopolysaccharides. Ten isolates were considered as S. mutans with a percentage of 41% depending on staining with triphenyltetrazolium chloride and tolerance with NaCl 4%, 6 isolates were classified as serotype C by using Lancefield grouping identification. These isolates were tested for production of extracellular Glucosyltransferase (GTF) through determination of their enzyme specific activity. All isolates were able to produce the enzyme; Streptococci isolate (H5) identified as Streptococcus mutans serotype C was selected as the best producible isolate for GTF with a specific activity of 2.6 U/mg. It was found that GTF of the chosen isolate (H5) was produced during the middle stationary phase (18 - 35 hr.) and its maximal productivity was reached at 22 hr. Purification of S. mutans serotype (C) H5 GTF were done by ammonium sulfate, ion - exchange chromatography (DEAE - Sephacel column), and gel - filtration chromatography using Sepharose 6B column. The best percent saturation use for precipitating GTF by ammonium sulfate was 20 - 40% with specific activity 3.4 U/mg. Two purified GTF enzymes (GTF - I and GTF - II) were detected with specific activity 8.3 U/mg, 35.5 U/mg after 22.6, and 96.1 fold of purification respectively with yield 17.2%. Purification S. mutans CA - GTF (H5) were done by 8M urea, ammonium sulfate, DEAE - Sephacel column and gel - filtration (sepharose 6B) column chromatography. The purified CA - GTF was detected with specific activity 18.1 U/mg after 24.5 fold of purification with yield 20.2%. Determination of purified GTF (GTF - I, GTF - II) and CA - GTF molecular weight was done by using gel - filtration chromatography (sepharose 6B) column with presence of standards proteins. It was found that the molecular weight of GTF - I, GTF - II and CA - GTF was 125.819, 112.201 and 84.139 dalton, respectively. The ability of GTF, CA - GTF and whole cell of S. mutans to stimulate the immune system of avian hens was tested. The intramuscular rout injection of three purified antigens (GTF, CA - GTF and whole cell) in the chest of experimental hens was done. IgG from egg yolk hens (IgY) was purified through the post immunization period (9 weeks) by using polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation and protein content of IgY antibodies was estimated from egg yolk and serum. Each one milliliter of purified IgY egg yolk samples GTF, CA - GTF and Whole cell, protein contained 7.06, 6.97, 3.9 mg/ml, respectively while in serum protein content about2.6, 3.1 and 3.25 mg/ml, respectively. The Sodium dodecyle sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS - PAGE) of anti - GTF (IgY) indicated that purified IgY gave two bands; 47.863 and 34.673dalton which were considered to be IgY heavy and light chains respectively. the IgY - CA - GTF sample is the best in terms IgY specificity 34.07% while the two samples (GTF, Whole cell) performed 30.5% and 29.3% respectively, Igy - GTF the best in terms purity 49% followed IgY - CA - GTF 47% and IgY - whole cell 46.3%. The immunological specificity of the three IgY samples preparations was assessed by ELISA test and the best sample that produced high titration was IgY - GTF with concentration 3.5 mg/ml, followed by the IgY - CA - GTF and IgY - whole cell with concentration 3.28 and 3.1 mg/ml respectively. The IgY - GTF inhibited approximate 75% of the specific activity GTF, while IgY - CA - GTF inhibited 50% of the specific activity CA - GTF. A double immunodiffusion test for detection of the immune response between anti - GTF IgY and purified GTF, CA - GTF and Whole cell antigens were recorded. The immunological response of anti - GTF and anti - CA - GTF was indicated by the appearance of precipitation lines on the surface gel between anti - GTF and two antigens GTF and CA - GTF while in the anti - CA - GTF and anti whole cell only with homologues antigen. The effect of different concentration of inhibitor (Amoxicillin) and anti - GTF, anti - CA - GTF and anti - whole cell on the growth of S. mutans bacteria were tested using broth dilution method and diffusion method on solid medium. Anti - GTF and anti - CA - GTF had no effect on the growth of S. mutans(H5) serotype C, while anti - whole - cell and Amoxicillin were capable to inhibit the growth of bacteria at concentration 20µg/ml and 15µg/ml respectively. The minimal inhibitory concentrations in which these concentrations were noticed at 35µg/ml and 30 µg/ml respectively. The highest zone of inhibition (40 mm) was recognized with Amoxicillin at concentration of 50 µg/ml, followed by anti - whole cell with a zone of inhibition of 34 mm at concentration of 70 µg/ml.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
اسم المشرف: عصام فاضل علوان الجمیلي فارس عبد الكريم
اسم المؤلف: هاشم محمد زهراو الصبيحاوي

التشخيص الجزيئي لبكتريا Streptococci الفمويه باستخدام جينات gtfs في بعض مرضى السكري المصابين بتسوس الاسنان Molecular Identification of Oral Streptococci Using Gtfs Genes In Some Iraqi Diabetic Dental Caries Patients

المستخلص: اجريت هذة الدراسة في معهد الهندسة الوراثية والتقنيات الاحيائية في جامعة بغداد خلال الفترة من تشرين الثاني 2012 الى ايار 2013، للكشف عن علاقة تسوس الاسنان بين مرضى السكري والمرضى غير المصابين بالسكري DDCP) و(NDCP اعتمادا على تسوس الاسنان من انواع Streptoco | The present study was carried out in Genetic Engineering and biotechnology Institute / University of Baghdad during the period from November, 2012 to May, 2013 to detect the relationship between diabetic and non - diabetic patients according to the dental caries occurrence and its causes by Streptococcus spp. (S. mutans, S. salivarius and S. oralis (which are isolated from oral cavity, In addition, this study was carried out to study the comparison between the traditional (bacterial culturing) and molecular diagnosis methods. The total number of the studied groups was 95 Iraqi patients (45 diabetic dental caries patients (DDCP) and 50 non - diabetic dental caries patients (NDCP) of both genders who their ages ranged from 18 - 65 years old. The patients, samples including saliva and buccal swabs that randomly collected from DDCP and NDCP who were reviewing Al - Alweyia Centers of Dental Caries and Diabetic Diseases in Al - Yarmook hospital in Baghdad city. The distribution of patients who have dental caries according to genders showed high significant differences at (p<0.01) between two genders (30 females, 15 males) for diabetic dental caries patients, while in non diabetic dental caries patients, there were significant differences at (p<0.05) between two genders (29 females, 21 males). The distribution of diabetic dental caries patients according to age showed high significant differences at (p<0.01) between two genders in age group of 36 - 50 years old, While low significant differences at (p<0.05) between two genders in age group of 20 - 35 years old and no significant differences between two genders in age group more than 50 years old, In another hand in non diabetic dental caries patients, there were no significant differences between two genders in all age groups. The results of samples (saliva and buccal swabs) culturing on mitis salivarius bacitracin agar media (MSBA) appeared that out of 95 bacterial cultures, 67 bacterial cultures were grown (32 bacterial cultures for diabetic dental caries patients and 35 bacterial cultures for non diabetic dental caries patients); S. mutans, S. salivarius, and S. oralis species were identified according to the results of microscopic examination, API kit 20 - strep, hemolysis on blood agar, motility test and catalase test. The molecular study focused on the analysis of DNA which extracted directly from saliva, buccal swabs and from the bacterial culture cells of S. mutans, S. salivares and S. oralis from both diabetic dental caries patients and non diabetic dental caries patients. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results revealed the presence of the product with 433, 544, and 374 bp which were related to gtfD (S. mutans), gtfK (S. salivarius) and gtfR (S. oralis) respectively in all samples (saliva, buccal swabs and bacterial culture). According to the presence of these three genes, there were high significant differences at (p<0.01) between diabetic dental caries patients and non diabetic dental caries patients, while there were no significant differences according to the percentage of presence of each gene between the three species of bacteria. Sequencing of the PCR products of the gtfs (gtfD, gtfK, and gtfR) genes region showed that nine samples gave acceptable results according to National center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) matching, while 3 samples gave no results; this may be due to an error in sequencing system. The sequencing analysis of gtfs gene (gtfD, gtfK and gtfR) revealed that in DDCP the highest percentage of recorded mutations was in the gtfR gene.While in non diabetic dental caries patients, the highest percentage of recorded mutations in the gtfK gene than gtfR genes. In gtfR gene all mutations were substitution for diabetic dental caries patients and non diabetic dental caries patients. Nevertheless, in diabetic dental caries patients the mutations in gtfK and gtfD genes distributed between substitution and deletion mutations without recording any type of insertion mutation. But, in non diabetic dental caries patients, in gtfD all mutations were distributed between three types of mutations (substitution, insertion and deletion). The highest percentage of the effect of mutations in gtfs genes (gtfD, gtfR and gtfK) in diabetic dental caries patients were silent and missense mutation's than the frameshift mutations. on the other hand, the highest percentage of the effect of mutations in gtfs genes (gtfD, gtfR and gtfK) in non diabetic dental caries patients was missense mutations as compared with the other two types of silent and frameshift mutations
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
اسم المشرف: نورية عبد الحسين علي
اسم المؤلف: هالة كمال محسن القزاز

دراسة تاثير ضوء الليزر الثنائي الصمام (632 نانومتر) على بكتريا المكورات العنقودية الذهبية بوجـود المثلين الازرق كمتحسس ضوئي Study of Photodynamic Effect of (632 nm) Laser Diode Light On Staphylococcus Aureus Using Methylene Blue As A Photosensitizer

المستخلص: شملت الدراسة ثمان وسبعين عزلة من بكتريا المكورات العنقودية الذهبية عزلت من مئة وعشرين عينة تم الحصول عليها من عينات حروق وجروح قيحية وتجرثم الدم ومن مرضى يعانون من التهابات المجاري البولية, ومن اكثر من مستشفى للفترة من تشرين الثاني‏ / لغاية اذار/ 2014.تم | Seventy eight isolates of S. aureus bacteria were obtained from one hundred and twenty samples which were collected from different body sites and lesions (urine, blood and purulent wounds and burns) of patients from both sexes during the period November - 2013 to March - 2014. Methicilline sensitivity test (5µg MET disc) showed the appearance of methicillin - resistant in thirty seven Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Following exposure to laser light with a wavelength of 632 nanometer in the presence of Methylene blue at a concentration of 300µM at various exposure times (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 15min), the results showed that the maximum decrease in viable colony counts ranging approximately from (6.9 to 3.8) log10 CFU /ml. Highly significant reduction in the viable count was achieved at 10, 12, 15 min exposure times, and 99% killing of cells were obtained when Photosensitisation of S. aureus using diode laser light at an energy density at 458.6 watt/cm2 for 15 mints. While in their exposure to the laser light in the absence of the dye or the dye in the absence of the laser light presented no significant effect on the viability of the S. aureus isolates. Both of phenotypic and genotypic investigation of the changes in virulence factors and the antibiotic - resistance were evaluated before and after irradiation with laser light.Results of photosensitization susceptibility tests showed large variations in the susceptibility, the isolates with resistant to methicillin before laser irradiation, become sensitive to it with percentage of 21.6%; in contrast the isolates with sensitive to vancomycine become resistant to it with percentage of 32.43%.On the other hand, the isolates that were resistant to Cefotaxime before laser irradiation become within the sensitivity range after laser irradiation with percentage of 51.35%, and also there were isolates within the sensitivity range before laser, become sensitive to Ciprofloxacin with percentage of 27.02% after irradiation. And the isolates of the S. aureus with resistant to Norfloxacin before laser irradiation, become sensitive to it with percentage of 16.2%. Also resulted in decrease the activity of ? - haemolysis, with 33 (90.3%) isolates of S. aureus in comparison to control as shown in blood agar method assay. In contrast had no effect on thermonuclease enzyme after irradiation.Detection of three genes represented in MRSA isolates by a confirmatory test was carried out using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The results of the PCR amplification of mecA gene noted that it was present in 27 (72.2%) S. aureus isolates, While hlb gene detected 17(46%) isolates of 37 samples of S. aureus isolates, 14 of 17 hlb - positive S. aureus isolates(82.3%) were showed reduction in toxin production after exposure to laser light, whereas no altered or deficiency in thermonuclease gene (nuc).
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
اسم المشرف: نورية عبد الحسين علي
اسم المؤلف: ضياء خليل اسماعيل

علاقه بعض طرز الجين كالبين - 10 مع حدوث مرض السكري من النوع الثاني في العراق Association of Some Calpain - 10 Gene Polymorphisms With The Incidence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus In Iraq

المستخلص: اجريت الدراسه الحاليه في معهد الهندسه الوراثيه والتقنيات الاحيائيه - جامعة بغداد خلال الفتره من كانون الثاني ولغاية حزيران - 2013 للكشف عن علاقة بعض الطرز الجين كالبين - 10 بحدوث مرض السكري من النوع الثاني في العراق. تم استخلاص الدنا من الدم الكلي باستخد | The present study was carried out in Genetic Engineering and biotechnology Institute - Baghdad University during a period from January to June, 2013, for detecting the association of some calpain - 10 gene polymorphisms with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Iraq. Genomic DNA was isolated by using Geneaid DNA extraction kit from the whole blood; conventional PCR (SNP - 44 and Del/Ins - 19) and PCR - RFLP (SNP - 43 and SNP - 63) were used to detect the calpain10 variants by using specific primers and restriction enzymes. The study population consisted of 50 subjects with type 2 diabetes and 50 with normal fasting blood glucose (80 - 110 mg/dl). The type 2 diabetic subjects were recruited from the National Center for Diabetes treatment and Research. The non - diabetic control subjects were recruited from the same area as the comprising blood donors, healthy volunteers, or hospital /university staff members. Previous studies have detected a role for Calpain - 10 (CAPN10) polymorphisms in susceptibility to Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in many populations. This study aimed to evaluate possible associations between these polymorphisms in the CAPN10 gene (SNP - 44, SNP - 43, Del/Ins - 19, and SNP - 63) and T2DM incidence in Iraqi population. Enrichment of allele 1(2R) in Del/Ins - 19 and 2R/2R genotype were found in T2DM patients. While the alleles and genotypes distribution of SNP - 44, SNP - 43 and SNP - 63 were not significantly different between patient groups and non - diabetic control subjects. The genotype AA in SNP - 43 and genotype TT in SNP - 63 were not found neither in T2DM nor in control subjects. of the eight haplotypes detected, enrichment of both haplotype 112 defined by variants of SNP - 43, Del/Ins - 19, and SNP - 63 and haplotype 2112 defined by variants of SNP - 44, SNP - 43, Del/Ins - 19, and SNP - 63 were seen in patients. The distribution of the other haplotypes was comparable between patients and control subjects. The calpain10 haplotype combinations were also obtained, and the haplotype combinations 111/111 and 111/112; which are created by variants of SNP - 43, del/ins - 19 and SNP - 63 and; haplotype combinations 1111/2111, 1111/2112 and 1121 / 2222; created by SNP - 44, SNP - 43, del/ins - 19 and SNP - 63; were associated with increasing the risk of T2DM.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
اسم المشرف: اسماعيل عبد الرضا عبد الحسن
اسم المؤلف: مياسة مثنى خالد

التاثيرات المضادة للاكسدة والسمية الخلوية لمركب اللكنان المنقى من بذور نبات جوزة الطيب Antioxidant And Cytotoxic Effects of Lignan Purified From Myristica Fragrans Seeds

المستخلص: In this study, natural lignan dimer was isolated from nutmeg seeds (Myristica fragrans) using organic solvent, partially purified using liquid/liquid partiation, purified using anion exchanger and chemically characterized using Benedict’s Reagent, Fehling’s Reagent and Molish’s Reagent. Then, by the aid of UPLC - PDA - IT - TOF - MS System, the molecular weight (626.221 Dalton) and the molecular formula (C39H45O7) of this dimer were determined. After that, the free radical scavenging activities were studied using stable free radical compound 1, 1 - Diphenyl - 2 - Picryl - hydrazil (DPPH). Results showed that 100, 10, 1 and 0.1 ?g/ml of purified lignan had 76.7 %, 65%, 28% and 8% scavenging activity respectively, while the same concentrations of partial purified lignan had 44.3%, 18.5%, 11% and 0% scavenging activity respectively.MTT(3 - (dimethylthiazol - 2 - yl) - 2, 5 - diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay was conducted to determined the IC50 for both purified and partial purified lignan using 4 different cell lines A549 (human lung adenocarcinoma epithelial cells), MCF7 (breast cancer cells), PC3(human prostate cancer cells), and HepG2(liver hepatocellular cancer cells), and to determine which cells type were be affected more by this natural lignan dimmer.The IC50 values for purified lignan were 85.17, 51.16, 108.4 and 60.21 ?g/ml while the IC50 values for partial purified one were 170.1, 84.14, 154.4 and 151.3 ?g/ml using A549, MCF - 7, PC - 3 and HePG2, respectively.The high content screening analysis (HCSA) and Cellomics Thermo Scientific maltiparametric Kits were used for the evaluation of cell - lignan interaction; 100, 50 and 25 ?g/ml of purified lignan caused 87.22, 69 and 53.36% reduction in MCF - 7cell count respectively and the same concentrations caused 98.1, 97.5 and 98.55% nuclear morphology changes. Results also revealed that these concentrations caused 7.7, 7.0 and 5.83% increase in MCF - 7 cells permeability respectively and they also caused 12.22, 11.15 and 0.2%decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential respectively, while these concentrations caused 11.12, 10.1 and 10% increase in Cytochrome C releasing from mitochondria to cytoplasim respectively.Reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction in MCF - 7 cells in the presence of 200, 100 and 50 ?g/ml of purified lignan caused 20, 11.48 and 9.61% ROS reduction respectively.MCF - 7 cell cycle was studied in the presence of 100, 50 and 25 ?g/ml of purified lignan, and results revealed that this compound blocked cell cycle at Sphase and the percentages of S - phase cells reduction were 74.33, 52.4 and 67%, respectively. This reduction was dose dependent while the same concentrations had no effect on MCF - 7 mitotic cells. Cell cycle arrest was detected immunofluorescently using BrdU antibodies (S - phase cell staining) and phosphor - Histone H3 antibodies (M - phase cells staining
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
اسم المشرف: عصام فاضل علوان الجمیلي
اسم المؤلف: شیماء عصام عبد الوهاب البرزنجي

التشخيس المبكر لداء السكري النوع الاول باستخدام مضاد حمض الكلوتاميك منزوع الكاربوكسيل ومضاد البيروكسيديز الدرقي Early Detection of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Using Anti - Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase And Anti - Thyroid Peroxidase

المستخلص: Markers have been described in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), There is a number of specific and non specific antigens have been identified. The major autoantigens involved in the destructive process of beta - cells leading to the development of type 1 diabetes are insulin hormone, glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), tyrosine phosphatase enzyme or Insulinoma - associated Antigen - 2(IA - 2).This study was conducted to find the relationship between antibodies for this antigens (insulin, GAD and IA - 2) and T1DM which could be used for the early detection of T1DM in normal Iraqi population. To study the importance of anti - thyroid peroxidase (anti - TPO) as a marker for autoimmune thyroid disease (ATD) in T1DM patients, and to find the relationship between T1DM and ATD.The study was carried out on 50 blood samples of men and 30 blood samples of women with age ranged from (20 - 60 years old), they were divided in to three groups : 1. Group 1 (20 men and 10 women) whom have fasting plasma glucose (FPG) above 180 mg/dL.2. Group 2 (20 men and 10 women) whom have FPG ranged from 120 - 180 mg/dL.3. Group 3 (10 men and 10 women) whom have FPG below 120 mg/dL.Blood samples were collected from all subjects, FPG and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) were measured. The levels of insulin, anti - insulin, anti - GAD, anti - IA - 2 and anti - TPO antibodies were measured in the serum.The statistical analysis results showed no significant difference in the presence of antibodies, HbA1c and FPG between men and women groups, inspite of some simple differences between the two groups.A significant (p<0.05) elevation in the level of FPG and HbA1c was observed in diabetic patients group compared withnon diabetic group. Significant (p<0.05) decrease in the level of insulin of T1DM patients was noticed compared to non diabetic group. Significant (p<0.05) elevation in the level of (anti - insulin, anti - TPO) in T1DM patients compared with non diabetic group. Elevation in the level of (anti - GAD, anti - IA - 2) in the T1DM patients compared with non diabetic group.The results also showed that no positive results for (anti - insulin, anti - TPO) present in the non diabetic group. One positive result for anti - GAD and one positive result for anti - IA - 2 present in the non diabetic group, which indicate the importance of anti - GAD and anti - IA - 2 antibodies ssay in normal population that could be used as early detection of T1DM.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الفسلجة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
اسم المشرف: منذر مصطفى فتحي
اسم المؤلف: ريم محمد عبيد

دراسة تشريحية مقارنة لبعض الانواع البرية من ذوات الفلقتين النامية في محافظة بغداد Comparative Anatomy of Some Wild Dicots Spp. Grown In Baghdad Province

المستخلص: The present investigation dealt with comparative anatomical characters of 29 selected wild species that belongs to different families growing in different parts of Baghdad Province. These species are : 1. Brassica deflexa Boiss.2. Brassica rapa L.3. Cardaria draba (L.) Desv.4. Sinapis arvensis L.5. Sisymbrium irio L.6. Strigosella africana (L.) Boch.7. Stellaria media (L.)Vill.8. Atriplex nitens Schkuhr.9. Chenopodium album L.10. Chrysanthemum coronarium L.11. Lactuca serriola L.12. Sonchus oleraceus L.13. Medicago polymorpha L.14. Melilotus indicus (L.) ALL.15. Vicia sativa L.16. Erodium cicutarium(L.) L'H17. Geranium rotundifolium L.18. Lamium amplexicaule L.19. Malva parviflora L.20. Plantago lanceolata L.21. Polygonum aviculare L.22. Rumex dentatus L.23. Ranunculus muricatus L.II24. Veronica polita Fries.25. Astrodaucus leptocarpus (Hoghst.) H. Riedl26. Urtica urens L.27. Verbena officinalis L.28. Lippia nodiflora (L.) Rich.29. Tribulus terrestris L.Some of these species have been anatomically investigated for the first time.Anatomical characters might be useful for plant biologist for the identification of important wild plants as an additional character at global level. Comparative anatomical characters were used; such as characteristics of ordinary epidermal cells of stems and leaves and stomatal complexes. The epidermis possesses number of important diagnostic character that offer valuable clues for identification, like size, shape, in addition to indumentum of both stems and leaves. Venation system was investigated and compared. Cross sections of root were useful taxonomically especially the thickness of epidermis, cortex, phloem and xylem. The study observed presence of sclerenchyma tissues in the root cortex of some species. Cross sectioning of stems and petioles were also studied. Epidermis, cortex, pericycle, vascular bundle shapes and numbers, pith characters, presence of crystals and tannin filled cells were useful aid in distinguishing species. Vertical sections of leaf blades, shape and number of vascular bundles, thickness of palisade and spongy layers and other mesophyll characters were important taxonomically.ccording to some of these characters, species were divided into groups. This study concluded the presence of variations in characters and these were presented for the first time comparatively, so that, the anatomical characters were a good support to the exomorphological characters in the studied species. Field photographs of the different studied plants and sections of organs were put in addition to numerous tables in this work. The above results were discussed scientifically regarding mainly the environmental factors.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
اسم المشرف: علي حسين الموسوي
اسم المؤلف: زبيدة عبد اللطيف اسماعيل

فعالية مستخلصات بعض الطحالب الكبيرة للفطريات الممرضة للنبات Activity of Some Macro - Algae Extracts Against Phytopathogenic Fungi

المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية عزل وتشخيص طحالب كبيرة من بيئتين مائيتين محليتين مختلفتين. تم عزل ثلاث طحالب كبيرة هي Cladophora glomerata (N) وEnteromorpha rafsii من منطقه بحر النجف في محافظة النجف, في حين عزل Cladophora glomerata (R) من احد مبازل منطقة الراشدية ش | The present study includes isolation and identification of Macro - algae from two different environmental water bodies. Three Macro - algae were isolated, Cladophora glomerata (N) and Enteromorpha ralfsii from Baher Al - Najaf region in Holy Najaf city. In addition, C. glomerata (R) was isolated from Al - Rashdiya, north of Baghdad.Phytopathogenic fungi from soil and some infected fruits were also isolated. They were identified as Pythium ultimum and Rhizoctonia solani.Water and ethanol were used to extract each algae to evaluate their antifungal activity against isolated phytopathogenic fungi. Different concentrations of these algal extracts had been prepared which are (10, 25 and 50) mg/ml and the antagonistic activity against the isolated phytopathogenic fungi were evaluated, the hot and cold water extracts did not show any antagonistic activity against fungi. However, all these extracts were ignored in the future work for this study. Furthermore, the hot ethanolic extract was more efficient than these of cold ethanolic extracts. Results have been shown that there were significant differences when macro - algal ethanolic extract were used.C. glomerata (R), which isolated from Al - Rashdiya, was more efficient against tested fungi than the same alga what isolated from Baher Al - Najaf region. However, E. ralfsii extract was more efficient against tested fungi than C. glomerata (N). Percentage of inhibition against P. ultimum when hot ethanolic extract of E. ralfsii, C. glomerata(R) and C. glomerata(N) were (88.8, 83.3 and 63.3) respectively.However, results for cold ethanolic extract of the same algae were (63.3, 52.2 and 32.2) respectively when 50 mg/ml of algal extracts were used.Percentage of inhibition against R. solani when hot ethanolic extract of E. ralfsii, C.glomerata (R) and C.glomerata(N) were (94.4, 100 and 78.8) respectively.However, results for cold ethanolic extract of the same algae were (66.6, 64.4 and 48.8) respectively when 50 mg/ml was used. According to the difference in biological activities against those phytopathogenic fungi caused by the same species of macro - algae or different genera from different environments. Due to difference in biological activity of the same macro - algae species Physiochemical parameter for each environments obtained such as air and water temperature, Turbidity (NTU), Electrical Conductivity(EC)and Salinity%, Water pH, CA+2 concentration, Mg+2 concentration, Total Hardness and Total Alkalinity. Results indicated that soaked Cucumis sativus and Capsicum annum seeds in cold and hot ethanolic macro - algae extracts of (E. ralfsii, C. glomerata (R) and C.glomerata (N) for 24 hours were able to protect seed germination that have been grown in a Petri dish contaminated with P. ultimum and R. solani comparing with control. In addition, results indicated that spraying C. sativus and C. annum seedling with these algal extracts within two weeks old again protects these seedlings from the same phytopathogenic fungi either before or after 24 hr. However, results indicated that adding the algal extracts within two months age to the C. sativus and C. annum plants again protects these plants from the same phytopathogenic fungi comparing with control and fungicide treatment. Moreover, results indicated that the active chemical compounds in E. ralfsii was Tannins, Saponins and Flavonoids. While C. glomerata was contained Tannins, Saponins, Alkaloid and Phenols. Results indicated that both hot crud methanolic extract of C. glomerata (R) and E. ralfsii have a lot of active chemical compounds against micro - organisms by using the GC - Mass Spectrometry technology.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: دكتوراه
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
اسم المشرف: عبد اللطيف محمد جواد
اسم المؤلف: دنيا يوسف محمد يوسف

التحري عن بعض عوامل الضراوة للزائفة الزنجارية المعزولة من الحليب الخام والجبن الطري Detection of Some Virulence Factors of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Isolated From Raw Milk And Soft Cheese

المستخلص: In order to detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in food - chain especially from Cows raw milk and soft cheese with its whey, this study was designed in some regions of Baghdad (College of Veterinary Medicine, Abu - Ghraib, Al - Sadrya & Al - Radwaniyah), in which a standard isolation methods were used with some modification processing by new, modern and rapid technology tools such as chromogenic medium CNP agar and Electronic rapid Microbact TM 24E panel identification system supported by standard color differential chart and online American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) Codes; aids in rapid and precise identification, differentiation, confirmation and enumeration of P. aeruginosa isolates from raw dairy samples; as well as, detection of biofilm producing versatile morphotypes with chameleon phenomenon and fruity odour; and demonstration the activity of food spoilage enzymes (protease, lipase & lecithinase) of isolates with thermo - stability and viability in different temperatures with bitty cream and ropy fermentation phenomenon. The results profile showed : 1. Isolation of 46 (76.7%) isolate of P. aeruginosa from a total of 60 Cow Dairy samples : 30 Raw Milk samples (pooled from milk cans and apparently healthy Cows with a history of mastitis cases) as 19 (31.7%) isolates from regions of College of Veterinary Medicine, Abu - Ghraib and Al - Sadrya (10 from each region); and 30 Soft Cheese with its Whey samples (pooled from unhygienic processed cheese and containers in unclean dirty environment and apparently carrier or diseased workers) as 27 (45%) isolates from regions of Abu - Ghraib, Al - Sadrya and Al - Radwaniyah (10 from each region). Isolation percentages of oxidase positive P. aeruginosa from selected Regions in Baghdad Province indicates significant differences among regions at a level (P?0.05), in which highest isolation percent of P. aeruginosa from Abu - Ghraib as 20 (33.4%) isolates (10 isolates from raw milk and 10 isolates from soft cheese) in accordance to 17 (28.4%) isolates from Al - Sadrya (9 isolates from raw milk and 8 isolates from soft cheese), 9 (15%)SUMMARYisolates from Al - Radwaniyah (9 isolates from soft cheese) without any isolate from College of Veterinary Medicine, which may indicate good hygienic measurements.2. Segregation of isolates into two Haemolytic Patterns : Livestock type origin, lysis only sheep blood (L - type) as 19 (41.30%) isolates from raw milk samples; and Zoonotic type lysis, both blood (Z - type) as 27 (58.70%) isolates from soft cheese with its whey as high prevalence due to critical processing chain, risky carrier individuals and contaminated environment or polluted water supply. This may indicate indirectly genetic diversity and host or cross individual tropism in haemolysins - phospholipases activity according to different types of samples, regions and hosts.3. The study revealed isolation and segregation of versatile morphotypes and five pigments with fruity odor (Chameleon phenomenon) with mucoid drippy due to alginate or small colonial variants smooth or rough or both especially in isolate code M7 from mastitic milk and isolate code C27 from contaminated soft cheese and its whey. Wrinkled - Corroded green morphotypes were more evident in blood agar due to secretion of siderophore pyoverdine in order to chelating iron for activation of isolate. Motility Pattern with TTC salts was evident in all isolates with three types of motility : swarming, swimming and twitching, that noticed obviously in M7 isolate.4. New technology biochemical identification panel system (Microbact TM 24E) confirm that isolates were P. aeruginosa at level (P?0.01) after online matching with standard Remel ATCC Octalcodes bank of P. aeruginosa, in which 5 octalcodes typical and atypical were documented, that indicate genetic diversity in biochemical reactions of isolates and their morphotypes, modified microbial gene sharing protocol of P. aeruginosa with other bacteria and highly Sensitivity and Specificity of the test panel.SUMMARY5. Detection and isolation of Biofilm producing isolates by five methods, in which microtiter plate assay was the most sensitive and realizable technique while Congo red agar test detect quantity and type of biofilm production through colour of colonies (black very strong and huge, gray strong, pink moderate and white fair or non - producer). Biofilm produced in most morphotypes with pellicles at liquid interphase and ropy viscous threads (sliminess) and bitty cream especially in isolate codes M7 and C27. Small colonial variants of some morphotypes can revert to mucoid drippy variants. M7 showed unusual ropy thread of 30 cm long.6. The results showed secretion of thermo and psychro stable and labile food spoilage enzymes (protease, lipase and lecithinase) from isolates, in which versatile morphotypes showed indirectly diverse genetic ability, this may indicate variation of thermal tolerance mechanisms (heat shock proteins and biofilms formation) in isolates in accordance to time and temperature of processing, that linked genetically with the quorum sense mechanisms of acyl homoserine lactone gene regulatory region (AHL) in P. aeruginosa isolates (Stress Hardening phenomenon).7. The results showed the genetic ability (indirectly) of some isolates to resist, tolerate and proliferate in acidic environment at pH 2 & 4 especially isolate M7 & C27, while intermediate to susceptible tolerance of pH were noticed in others. This may indicate the power of electromagnetic charged net field of complex polymeric matrix of alginate exopolysaccharide layers in protecting some isolates from adverse acidic environment due to quorum sensing behavior of M7 & C27.Therefore, it could be concluded from this study that P. aeruginosa was prevalent in food chain especially from Cows raw milk and soft cheese with its whey samples from some regions in Baghdad, and Biofilm producing isolates with their thermo and psychro stable enzymes complex system and their tolerance to acidic environment stressors were more dangerous thus, we recommend monitoring these products periodically for insurance of public health.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الطب البيطري
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: صحة الغذاء
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: الطب البيطري
اسم المشرف: علي حسن احمد الشمري
اسم المؤلف: عبد الكریم كاظم عبد الحسین الحسب

تقدير الظواهر الفمويه والعوامل المناعيه في اللعاب عند مرضى سرطان الغدد اللمفاويه قبل وبعد العلاج الكيميائي Assessment of Oral Manifestations And Salivary Immunological Markers In Patients With Lymphoma Before And After Receiving Chemotherapy

المستخلص: Lymphomas are group of diseases caused by malignant lymphocytes that accumulate in lymph nodes and caused the characteristics lymphadenopathy.Occasionally, they may spill over into blood or infiltrate organs outside the lymphoid tissue The major subdivision of lymphomas is into Hodgkin's lymphoma and non - Hodgkin's lymphoma and this is based on the histologicpresence of Reed - Sternberg cells in Hodgkin's lymphoma. Aims of the study : The aims of this study were to determine the percentage of oral manifestations and identify the levels of salivary immunoglobulin A, interluekin - 6 and tumor necrosis factor - ? in lymphoma patients before the treatment and after receiving three cycles of chemotherapy in comparison with healthy control individuals.Subjects, materials and methods : The study included 25 patients( 15 male and 10 female ) with non - Hodgkin's lymphoma (B - cell type), 25 patients( 16 male and 9 female ) with Hodgkin's lymphoma and 25 ( 15 male and 10 female ) healthy control group with no signs and symptoms of any systemic disease and age, sex match with patient groups.Those patients were examined pre and post chemotherapy to see the oral manifestations and compared with healthy control group. Whole unstimulated saliva was collected to determine the level of salivaryimmunological markers which measured by Enzyme Link Immunosorbent Assay.IVResults : The percentage of oral manifestations was taste alteration in non - Hodgkin's lymphoma patients ( 36% ) and in Hodgkin's lymphoma patients ( 16% ) , followed by burning mouth syndrome ( 20% ) in non - Hodgkin's lymphoma patients and ( 16% ) in Hodgkin's lymphoma patients and lastly dry mouth was ( 12% ) in both non - Hodgkin's lymphoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma groups. In the present study there was no oral manifestations in both study groups before starting chemotherapy, and the mentioned oral manifestations incident after receiving chemotherapy regimens. The levels of salivary immunoglobulin A, interluekin - 6 and tumor necrosis factor - ? were significantly higher in pre - treatment patients in comparison with control group, and there was a significant decrease after chemotherapy treatment when compared to their base line levels in both study groups.Conclusions : The most frequent oral manifestations in lymphoma patients was taste alteration followed by burning mouth syndrome and dry mouth , and male patients affected more than females.The salivary immunological markers levels were higher in lymphomapatients than control, then these markers showed obvious decrease in patients after chemotherapy treatment
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: دبلوم عالي
الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المشرف: فواز داوود الاسود
اسم المؤلف: محمد حسن عبد الشهید

تاثير مستخلصات الشاي الاخضر على مسببات امراض انسجة الاسنان الرابطة (بكتريا البورفايروموناس اللثوية وبكتريا اجريجاتيباكتر اكتينومايستيمكومتانس) : دراسة مختبرية Antibacterial Effects of Green Tea Extracts On Periodontal Pathogens (Aggregatibacter Ctinomycetemcomitans And Porphyromonas Gingivalis) (In Vitro Study)

المستخلص: المقدمة : الشاي الاخضرهو واحد من المشروبات العلاجية القديمة والشعبية المستهلكة في جميع انحاء العالم، وهو مشتق من ورقة للنبات "كاميليا سينينسيس", يمكن ان يحضر كمشروب، والذي يمكن ان يكون له العديد من الاثار الصحية الشاملة او "مستخلص" يمكن الحصول عليه من الاو | Background : Green Tea is one of the most ancient and popular therapeutic beverages consumed around the world, it is made from the leaf of the plant “Camellia sinensis”. It can be prepared as a drink, which can have many systemic health effects or an “extract” which can be made from the leaves to be used as medicine. Green tea is reported to contain thousands of bioactive ingredients including catechins, catechins found in the tea have shown promise for having antimicrobial effects.Aim of study : to test the effect of green tea extracts on Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans in comparison to 0.2% chlorohexidine gluconate and distilled water in vitro.Materials and Methods : plaque samples were collected from 20 patients with no signs of any systemic disease suffering from chronic periodontitis with probing pocket depth of at least 6 mm, Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans were isolated and diagnosed according to morphological characteristic and biochemical test. Green tea leaves were extracted by using water and alcohol. This study involved two experiments in vitro concerning the effects of green tea extracts on these bacteria in addition to analysis of the extracts to determine the concentrations of the catechins in each extract. The first experiments involved testing the sensitivity of A.a and P.g to different concentrations of the extracts in addition to chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% and distilled water using agar well diffusion method, the second experiment involved determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration of the extracts that inhibits the bacterial growth and then determination of the minimum bactericidal concentration of the extract that was requires to kill the bacteria. The present study also involved laboratory analysis of green tea extracts using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).Results : Both green tea extracts were effective in inhibition of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans using agar well diffusion method, 90% and 100% concentrations of alcoholic extract showed larger inhibition zones than chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% with statistically significant difference, CHX showed higher inhibition zones than all aqueous extract concentrations.The MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) of alcoholic green tea extract that inhibit Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans growth was 60% and it was the same for Porphyromonous gingivalis.The MIC of aqueous green tea extract that inhibits Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans growth was 70% and MIC of aqueous green tea extract extract that inhibits Porphyromonous gingivalis was 80%.The MBC (minimum bactericidal concentration) of alcoholic green tea extract that kills Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans was 80%, the MBC of alcoholic green tea extract that kills Porphyromonous gingivalis was 90%, the MBC of aqueous green tea extract that kills Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans growth was 90%, which was also the same for Porphyromonous gingivalis.HPLC analysis of aqueous and alcoholic green tea extracts that were used in this study revealed that alcoholic extract contained higher concentration of EGCG while aqueous extract had higher content of catechin and epicatechin.Conclusion : green tea extracts were effective against Porphyromonas gingivalis and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, alcoholic green tea extract showed inhibition ability more than the aqueous green tea extract and more than chlorhexidine gluconate and it showed bactericidal activity at 80%, 90% and 100% concentrations.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: امراض ما حول الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المشرف: سيف سهام سليم
اسم المؤلف: ميس جمال مجيد

الطريقة السريرية للتنبؤ بكثافة العظام السخية في المنطقة الواقعة بين الضاحك الثاني والطاحن الاول في البالغين العراقيين اصحاب الاطباق الطبيعي Clinical Method For Prediction of Alveolar Bone Mineral Density In The Area Between The 2Nd Premolar And 1St Molar In Iraqi Adults With Class I Occlusion

المستخلص: Orthodontic mini - implants are increasingly used in orthodontics and the bone density is a very important factor in stabilization and success of mini - implant.The aim of this study was to observe the relationship among maximum bite force; body mass index; face width, height; masseter muscle length, width and thickness; and bone density in an attempt to predict bone density from these variables to eliminate the need for CT scan which have a hazard on patient.Computed tomographic images were obtained for 70 patients (24 males and 46 females) with age range 18 - 30 years. The cortical and cancellous bone density was measured between maxillary and mandibular 2nd premolar and 1st molar at two levels from the alveolar crest (3 and 6 mm). Face height and width and masseter muscle length, width and thickness were measured from CT. Clinically; Maximum bite force was measured on first molar region unilaterally by a digital device. The sample was divided into two groups according to the body mass index into; normal and overweight.The results that were obtained showed that there were no significant differences in bone density or maximum bite force in both genders. Only the cortical bone density in maxilla in overweight group tended to be higher than normal body mass index group. The face width and height correlated significantly negatively with or maximum bite force which correlated significantly positively with cortical bone density and masseter muscle width.It was concluded that a prediction of cortical bone density of preselected areas can be made from maximum bite force, body mass index and inter - zygomatic width
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية طب الاسنان - قسم تقويم الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المشرف: هديل علي حسين الهاشمي
اسم المؤلف: مها علي حسن الجبوري

التقييم النسيجي والميكانيكي للتكامل العظمي لزرعات التتانيوم بعد تحرير تصميم الجزء المسنن من الزراعة او طلائها بمادة بذور الكتان : دراسة تجريبية على الارانب Histological And Mechanical Evaluation of The Osseointegration of Titanium Implants By The Modification of Thread Design And/Or Coating With Flaxseed (An Experimental Study On Rabbits)

المستخلص: Dental implant surface technologies have been evolving rapidly to enhance a more rapid bone formation on their surface and hold a potential to increase the predictability of expedited implant therapy.Numerous surface modification approaches have been developed for all classes of dental implants to modulate biological responses and improve the osseointegration and primary stability. Hence, Implant threads should be designed to maximize the delivery of optimal favorable stresses while minimizing the amount of extreme adverse stresses to the bone implant interface. In addition, using of biomaterial coating of implant surface for the enhancement of bone formation has been achieved through the modulation of osteoblasts adhesion and spreading that induced better stability and more implant surface contact area.The aims of the study are : 1. Evaluation of titanium implant osseointegration by the modification of thread design and I or coating its surface by Flaxseed.2. Evaluate the new surface modification of titanium implant, histologically, mechanically and radiographically.Materials and methods : One hundred and twenty eight commercially pure titanium (CpTi) screws were implanted in rabbit tibiae. Implants were divided as follows : 1. Dual - threaded group (32 implants). 2. Single - threaded coated with grinded flaxseed group (32 implants).3. Single - threaded with central groove (32 implants).4. Single - threaded (control) group (32 implants).Histological, mechanical and radiographical analysis were performed for all implants after each healing periods (2,4,6 and 8) weeks.Results : 1. Dual - threaded implant illustrated the highest mean value in thread width and removal torque, and it showed mature bone at 8 weeks.2. Grooved implant illustrated close opposing threads. 3. Coated implant illustrated highest mean value in osteoblast cell count and showed a proliferating cartilage zone that later on degenerated and replaced by bone.Conclusion : The present results conclude that each modified implants shows a different benefits whether a modification of the implant surface mechanically (dual or grooved thread) or by coating the implants with Flaxseed.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الانسجة الفموية
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المشرف: عذراء يحيى الحجازي نبيل كاظم عبد الصاحب
اسم المؤلف: مصطفى هادي جواد

الظهور الكيميائي النسيجي المناعي للاوستيوكالسين، OC عاملا لنمو المحول بيتا واحد TGF - B1 وبروتين الشكل العظمي سبعة BMP - 7 في خلل التنسج الليفي والورم الليفي المعظم في عظام الفك : دراسة مقارنة Immunohistochemicalexpression of Osteocalcin, Transforming Growth Factor Beta - 1And Bone Morphogenetic Protein - 7 In Fibrous Dysplasia And Ossifying Fibroma of The Jaw Bones Acomparative Study

المستخلص: Fibrous Dysplasia & Ossifying Fibroma of the jawsare maxillofacial fibroosseous lesions sharing anoverlapping clinicopathological characteristics. This can be diagnostically challenging for pathologists& surgeons. It is important to make the distinction because of differences in their clinical behavior, modes of treatment and prognosis.Osteocalcin is an immunohistochemicalmarker; secreted by osteoblasts and its high serum levelsare correlated with increased bone mineraldensity. It is therefore, used as biomarker for boneformation process and also has a role in regulationof osteoblast function.Transforming growth factor beta - 1 is a multifunctional regulator of cell growth which will either stimulate or inhibit proliferation of mesenchymal cells depending on the presence of other growth factors. It is secreted by osteoblasts and is very abundant in bone matrix. Bone morphogenetic protein - 7is a member of transforming growth factor - b superfamily; it is widely expressed during embryonic growth, and is an essential morphogen in renal, skeletal, and eye development.Aims of the study : This study aimedto evaluate and compare the Immunohistochemical expression ofosteocalcin, transforming growth factor beta - 1 andbone morphogenetic protein - 7in the pathogenesis of Fibrous dysplasia and Ossifying fibroma of the jaw bones,correlate the expression of the aforementioned markers in these lesions.Analyze theimmunohistochemical expression ofosteocalcin, Transforming growth factor beta - 1 & bone morphogenetic protein - 7 inFibrous dysplasia & Ossifying fibroma, in order to assess its potential role in differentiation between these two disease entities.Materials&Methods : A total of 30 retrospective formalin - fixed, paraffin - embedded tissue blocks were included in this study, 15 were diagnosed asFibrous dysplasia of the jaws and 15 were ofOssifying fibroma of the jaws. Animmunohistochemicalstaining method using ofosteocalcin,transforming growthfactor beta - 1 andbone morphogenetic protein - 7 monoclonal antibodies were performed.Results : The results revealed that the majority of cases (73.33%) were females for each Fibrous dysplasia &Ossifying fibroma. the age range was (8 - 35)years for Fibrous dysplasia and (7 - 50)years forOssifying fibroma. For Fibrous dysplasia most cases presented in maxilla (66.76%) while for Ossifying fibroma most of the cases presented in mandible (73.33), with more predominant Fibrous dysplasia cases in molar area (60%) and more presented Ossifying fibroma cases in premolar & molar area (33.33%). Statistically significant difference was found between Fibrous dysplasia&Ossifying fibroma cases regarding jaws & site distribution (P=0.02&0.04) respectively.Osteocalcin positive immunohistochemicalexpression was found in fibroblast - like cells in 4 cases(26.66%) of Fibrous dysplasia and in 7 cases (46.67%) of Ossifying fibroma, according to Chi - square test the result showed statistically significant difference regarding osteocalcin expression in Fibrous dysplasia &Ossifying fibroma (P=0.04). Transforming growth factor beta - 1 was positivelyexpressed in 8cases (53.3%) of Fibrous dysplasiaand 10 cases (66.67%) of Ossifying fibroma. Bone morphogenetic protein - 7showed positive expression in 2 cases (13.3%) of Fibrous dysplasia and 4 cases (26.7%) ofossifying fibroma.Statistically non - significant difference regarding the immunohistochemicalexpression of transforming growth factor beta - 1 and bone morphogenetic protein - 7in Fibrous dysplasia &Ossifying fibroma. Moreover significant correlation was found regardingtransforming growth factor beta - 1 expression in response to bone morphogenetic protein - 7in Fibrous dysplasia (P=0.03)and osteocalcin expression in response totransforming growth factor beta - 1 in Ossifying fibroma (P=0.01).Conclusions : Transforming growth factor beta - 1 expressin the majority of Fibrous dysplasia &Ossifying fibroma cases indicate its important role in the process of osteogenesis. The significant correlation seen regarding the expression of some of the studied markers with each other suggest their cooperative role in the pathogenesis of Fibrous dysplasia &Ossifying fibroma
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: جراحة الفم والوجه والفكين
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المؤلف: فرح غسان ابراهیم

الظواهر الفمية، مؤشرات عامل الغلوبولين المناعي اللعابي A، الانترلوكين واحد بيتا وعامل تنخر الورم الفا في لعاب مرضى - الكلى المزمن الخاضعين للغسل الكلوي في محافظة ميسان Oral Findings, Salivary IgA, Interlukin - 1 Beta And Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Markers In Saliva of Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis In Missan Governorate

المستخلص: Chronic kidney disease refers to an irreversible deterioration in renal function which classically develops over a period of years, the ageing of populations along with the growing prevalence of chronic diseases such as diabetes and hypertension is leading to worldwide increase in the number of chronic kidney disease patients, the patients suffering from chronic renal failure face oral health related problems because it affects the bone and soft tissue structures.During hemodialysis, blood contact with a foreign surface, such as a complement - activating dialytic membrane, promotes a variety of complex and interrelated events, leading to an acute inflammatory response.Cytokines are a broad and loose category of small proteins that are important in cell signaling, they are released by cells and affect the behavior of other cells, they are important in health and disease, specifically in host responses to infection, immune responses, inflammation, trauma, sepsis, cancer and reproduction.Aims of study : The aims of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral findings, salivary flow rate and evaluation of salivary immunoglobulin A, interleukin - 1? and tumor necrosis factor ? levels in chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis treatment in comparison with healthy control, and investigate if there is a relation between these salivary parameters (salivary flow rate, salivary immunoglobulin A, interleukin - 1? and tumor necrosis factor ? levels) in chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis (less and more than one year) and finally find the correlation between salivary parameters in patients group.Methods : Ninety (90) subjects were participated in this study, they were divided into two groups : Patients group comprised of 45 subjects undergoing hemodialysis with chronic kidney diseases; Control group comprised of 45 subjects with no history of any systemic diseases.Intra oral examination was done for each individual to record the prevalence of oral findings in chronic kidney diseases patients. Saliva collected was measured and levels of salivary immunoglobulin A, interleukin - 1? and tumor necrosis factor ? were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Elisa).Results : The most frequent oral findings in chronic kidney disease patients on hemodialysis, in this study were dry mouth (77.7%), uremic breath (bad odor) (55.5%) , taste alteration (55.5%), angular chelitis (35.5%), mucosal pallor (26.6%), burning mouth syndrome (28.8%), staining of teeth (26.6%), oral ulceration (11.1%) and petechia and ecchymosis (2.2%), and the present study showed that no statistically significant differences (p>0.05) were found in oral findings distribution except angular chelitis which showed statistically significant difference (p<0.05) between chronic kidney diseases patients on hemodialysis for less than one year & for more than one year. According to salivary flow rate, the present study found that there was a significant difference in patients with chronic kidney disease in comparison to healthy control subjects, also statistically there was no significant difference in salivary parameters (salivary immunoglobulin A, interleukin - 1? and tumor necrosis factor ? and salivary flow rate) in chronic kidney diseases patients on hemodialysis for less than one year & for more than one year. The present study showed that there was no correlation between salivary parameters (salivary immunoglobulin A, interleukin - 1? and tumor necrosis factor ? and salivary flow rate) except salivary immunoglobulin A and interleukin - 1? showed positive significant linear correlation (r=0.368, p=0.006) and negative significant linear correlation between salivary immunoglobulin A and salivary flow rate (r= - 0.275, p=0.009).Conclusions : Cytokines may play roles in pathogenesis of chronic kidney diseases represented by increasing interleukin - 1? and tumor necrosis factor ? levels in saliva of those patients, the chronic kidney diseases patients on hemodialysis recommended comprehensive professional oral care and self - care instructions
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المشرف: زاهدة جاسم محمد
اسم المؤلف: فارس عبد حاتم

العلامات الالتهابية اللعابية وعلاقتها بحالة الفم الصحية بين مجموعة من الصبيان الذين يعانون من السمنة بعمر 21 سنة Salivary Inflammatory Biomarkers In Relation To Oral Health Status Among Obese Boys Aged 12 Years

المستخلص: Worldwide, obesity trends are causing serious public health concerns and significantly increases the risk of morbidity and mortality. It has an effect on the person`s general health including the oral health. Aims of the study : This study was designed to investigate the oral health status among a group of obese boys in relation to salivary inflammatory biomarkers (interleukin - 6 and Creactive protein) and selected salivary elements.Materials and methods : The study group consists of forty obese boy of an age 12 year, and forty normal weighted boy of the same age as a control group. Assessment of nutritional status was done by using Body Mass Index specific for age and gender. Dental caries severity was recorded by using the index of Muhlemann (1976). Plaque index of Silness and Loe (1964) was used for plaque assessment, calculus component of periodontal disease index of Ramfjord (1959) was used for calculus assessment and gingival condition assessed according to gingival index of Loe and Silness (1963). Unstimulated salivary samples were collected under standardized condition, salivary flow rate was determined and then the salivary samples chemically analyzed to determine the concentration of salivary interleukine - 6, Creactive protein, calcium, magnesium and phosphorus.Results : Caries experience of permanent dentition (DMFS) among study group was lower than that among control group with significant difference (P<0.05) for D2, while caries experience of primary dentition (dmfs) was significantly (P<0.05) lower among study group compared with control group with significant difference (P<0.05) for ds and highly significant difference (P<0.01) for d4.Salivary flow rate was lower among study group compared with control group with no significant difference. No significant correlations (P>0.05) were recorded between salivary flow rate and dental caries, oral cleanliness and gingivalhealth conditions among both groups. The mean value of plaque, calculus and gingival indices were not significantly lower among study group compared with control group. A positive highly significant correlations (P<0.01) were recorded between gingival and plaqueindices among both groups. The level of salivary interleukin - 6 (pg/ml) was higher among study group compared with control group with no significant difference between them; whereas there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding C - reactive protein (?g/ml) level. Salivary calcium and magnesium levels (mg/dl) were highly significantly (P<0.01) lower among study group compared with control group, whereas salivary phosphorus level (mg/dl) was not significantly higher among study group compared with control group. Salivary interleukin - 6 and C - reactive protein were negatively correlated with dental caries of both dentitions among study group with significant correlation (P<0.05) between IL - 6 and D2, while they were correlated positively with dental caries of both dentitions among control group with highly significant correlation (P<0.01) between IL - 6 and D3 and significant correlation (P<0.05) between IL - 6 and d4. Salivary calcium was correlated positively highly significantly (P<0.01) withDMFS and significantly (P<0.05) with D4 among control group. Salivary magnesium was correlated positively significantly (P<0.05) with DMFS and D2 among study group; also it was correlated negatively highly significantly (P<0.01) with d3 amongcontrol group. Salivary phosphorus was correlated significantly (P<0.05) in positive direction with d3 among study group; also it was correlated highly significantly (P<0.01) in negative direction with DMFS and significantly (P<0.05) in positivedirection with d3 among control group.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان الوقائي
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المشرف: احلام طه محمد
اسم المؤلف: عاتكة رسول عزيز

اثر التطبيق الموضعي من الكركمين مسحوق وزيت اساسي على التئام جروح الجلد : دراسة نسيجية وكيميائية نسيجية مناعية في الارانب Evaluation The Effect of Topical Application of Curcumin Powder And Essential Oil On Skin Wound Healing In Rabbits (Histological And Immunohistochemical Study On IGF - 1R)

المستخلص: خلفية الموضوع : طب الاعشاب يمكن ان يعرف كواحد من فروع الطب باشكال مختلفة. وقد اثبت كركمين الكركم فعاليته كماده ملونة، ومنكهة واستخدم تقليديا في الطب،فقد اظهر له خصائص ملحوظه مضادة للالتهابا ت، مضادات الاكسده وخصائص بيولوجية متنوعة.ان عدم وجود سمية للكركم | Back ground : Herbal medicine can be called one of the branches of medicines in various forms.Turmeric curcumin has proved it's efficiencies a coloring, flavoring agent and has been traditionally used in medicine, exhibiting remarkable anti - inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. The varied biological properties of curcumin and lack of toxicity even when administered at higher doses makes it attractive toexplore its use in various disorders like diseases of skin.It is good potential agent for wound healing.Considerable interest has been focused on curcumin compound, mechanisms that drive wound repair are complex and have challenged wound - healing investigators for many years.Aims of the study : To evaluate the effects of topical application of curcumin (powder and essential oil)on skin wound healing histologically and immunhistochemically.Materials and methods : Sixty four New Zealand rabbits were used in this study, they were divided into four groups (16 animals for each healing period)each group was subdivided as follows : - Experimental groups(8 rabbits)subdivided into : a - Right facial side of(eight rabbits animal) for essential oil application Left facial side of(eight rabbits animal)for curcumin powder application - Control group (eight rabbits)(right facial sides used as control). Histological evaluation of wound healing was performed for all studied groups.Imunohistochemical analysis was utilized to localize and characterizethe IGF - R1 immuno positive cells at the wound site of allgroups (experimental and control).Results : Histological findings of the present study have shown that reepithelialization, wound contraction were accelerated after topical application of curcumin and essential oil. The results ofimmunohistochemical examination of this study revealed that there was increased expression of IGF - 1R by epithelial and connective tissue cells of skin especially with the topical application of curcumin oil at wound site.Conclusion : - Essential oil is more effective in enhancement of wound healing regarding histological and immuonohistochemical assessment revealed higher mean values of positive expression for insulin growth factor1receptor(IGF - 1R) , (for both stromal and epidermal).
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: الانسجة الفموية
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المشرف: بان عبد الغني جميل
اسم المؤلف: نضال حسين محمد

دراسة نسيجية , شكليه نسيجيه ونسيجية مناعية للاستخدام الموضعي ل VEGF / Collagen I في تجويف الاسنان المقلوعة : دراسة تجريبية على الجرذان Histological, Histomorphometrical And Immunohistochemical Evaluation of Local Application of Collagen I And /Or Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (An Experimental Study In Rats

المستخلص: Back ground : Healing socket consists of three new tissue components; epithelium, connective tissue, and bone tissue. Interactive dynamic changes take place between these 3 components during healing period.During the process of healing of the extraction socket the following events occur : firstly, a blood clot (mainly blood cells and network of fibrin) forms and fills the empty socket. Then, the blood clot matures and is organized by the formation of granulation tissue (rich in newly formed vascular structure, abundance of inflammatory cells. The granulation tissue replaces the blood clot completely by the seventh day. After 20 days, the granulation tissue was replaced by collagen, and bone began forming at the base and the periphery of the extraction socket. Epithelium covers the newly formed bone that filled the socket.The healing cascade of all wounds ultimately requires neovascularization, collagen deposition, and collagen constriction by myofibroblasts. Neovascularization in the adult is known to occur by two distinct processes, angiogenesis and vasculogenesis which needs for expression of VEGF.Aim of the study : Histological ,Histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical studies to evaluate the effect of local application of exogenous VEGF/collagen I separately and as a combination in socket healing.Materials and Method : Sixty male Albino Wistar rats were subjected for a surgical tooth extraction of upper 1st molar of both sides ( right side was considered as experimental site ,while left be the control one).The animals were divided into following groups according to the applicable of biomaterials.A. Control group the tooth socket treated with 1?L of normal salineB. Experimental group includes• Group I contains (20) rats, the tooth socket treated with 1?L of VEGF• Group II contains (20) rats the tooth socket treated with 1?L ofcollagen type I• Group III contains (20) rats, the tooth socket treated with 1?L of a combination of VEGF and collagen I. Each group is composed of 20 rats that will be studied in four periods 3,7,14,28 days (5 rats for each period).The specimens were studied histologically histomorphometrical and immunohistochemical identification of fibroblast growth factor 2 (FGF2) and tissue non specific alkaline phosphtase (ALP).Results : 1. Histological findings for all groups illustrate formation of blood clot at 3 days.2. Granulation tissue appears in all groups at 7 days period, and new bone is demonstrated in collagen group and a highly cellular woven bone with active proliferative osteoblast and newly blood vessel is detected in combination group.3. At 14 days new epithelization and new bone trabeculae with fibrous tissue are presented mostly in all groups but with different constitution.4. At 28 days all groups show reepithelization but in different thickness, and with newly bone apposition and with different maturity.5. For positive cells expressed ALP VEGF group records a high mean values at 3,14,28 days periods and with high differences in comparisum to other groups while control group reports a high mean value at 7 days.6. For positive cells expressed FGF2.Control group illustrates a high record for the mean of positive cells expressed FGF2 at 3,7days periods and with high differences in comparisum to other groups, while combination group reports a high mean value at 14 days.7. Results demonstrated that in most periods for each group ,whenever ,ALP is a high value in expression ,records a low expression in FGF2.Conclusion : Results ,high lighted on the effect of local application of VEGF in extracted tooth socket that facilited epithelization ,while combination of (Collagen and VEGF ) shows a high mineralization zone.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: امراض ما حول الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المشرف: عذراء يحيى الحجازي
اسم المؤلف: رفل راشد عبد السادة

تقييم الظهور النسيجي الكيميائي المناعي لفايروسات (EBV,HPV16 - 18,HSV1) في الحزاز المنبسط الفموي Assessment of The Immunohistochemical Expression of Epstein - Barr , Human Papilloma (18 ,16) And Herpes Simplex - 1 Viruses In Oral Lichen Planus

المستخلص: يعد مرض الحزاز المسطح الفموي من الامراض الشائعة ولة مسار مرضي مرتبط بالخلايا المناعية ويرتبط باختلالات الاداء المناعي للجسم مع بعض الفرضيات التي تربط وقوع المرض بالعدوى الفايروسية. وھو من عائلة الھربس الفايروسية، بوقوع بعض الامراض ك "كثرة الوحيدات، EBV ار | oral lichen planus (OLP) is a common chronic inflammatory immune - mediated disease, The antigen responsible for inducing OLP is still unidentified, although viral agents have been proposed as etiologic factors. Viral infection (Epestin - barr,human papilloma and herpes simplex) has been hypothesized as a predisposing factor in the pathogenesis of this disease.Aims of study : The aim of this study was to assess the expression of Epstein Barr virus , Human Papilloma virus 16& 18 and Herpes Simplex virus - 1 immunohistochemistry in oral lichen planus cases and evaluate whether any clinical variant, histopathological or demographic feature correlates with the expression of these viruses.Materials and Methods : This study was performed on thirty formalin fixed, paraffin - embedded tissue Blocks of oral lichen planus retrospectively. An immunohistochemical staining done by using monoclonal antibodies EBV and HPV 18&16 and polyclonal antibody HSV1. Results : Expression of EBV was highly detected in epithelium of oral lichen planus cases (46.6%), no statistically significant correlation was found with clinical parameters.Astatistically significant with sex was observed.Immunostaning results revealed negative expression for both HPV16 & HPV18 in the studied cases except one case which was positive for each viruses. No statistically correlation was found with clinical parameters. Herpes simplex virus - 1 expression was positive in 12 cases (40%) of oral lichen planus cases. Statistically barely significant correlation with sex and clinical types, and a non significant one wasfound with age.ConclusionEpstein Barr and Herpes simplex viruses are present in considerable amounts in oral lichen planus whereas Human papilloma viruses 16 and 18 are rarely present.Taking into account the potential of viruses in OLP.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: امراض ما حول الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المشرف: احلام حمید مجید
اسم المؤلف: تانیه عبد الاله الطحان

المؤشر الورمي CA153 عناصر مختارة في اللعاب وعلاقتها بصحة الفم والاسنان ضمن مجموعة من النساء العراقيات المصابات بسرطان الثدي Salivary Tumor Marker CA15 - 3 And Selected Elements In Relation To Oral Health Status Among A Group of Iraqi Breast Cancer Women

المستخلص: Background : Breast cancer is the commonest type of malignancy worldwide and in Iraq. It is a serious disease that affects the general health and cause systemic changes that affect the physical and chemical properties of saliva leading to adverse effects on oral health.Aims of the study : The aims of this study were to assess the oral health condition (including dental caries, oral cleanliness and periodontal health condition), to evaluate the changes in salivary flow rate and to assess the concentration of tumor marker CA15 - 3 and selected elements (calcium, phosphorus, zinc, copper, total proteins) in saliva and their relation to oral variables among breast cancer women in comparison to control group.Subjects, Materials and Methods : The total sample consisted of 60 women aged 35 - 45 years attending Al - Kadhemyia Teaching Hospital. Those comprised 30 women newly diagnosed with breast cancer before starting treatment and 30 women without clinical signs and symptoms of breast cancer as a control group.Diagnosis and recording o f dental caries was done by using DMFS indexaccording to the criteria of WHO (1987). Plaque index of Silness and Loe (1964) and calculus component of Ramfjod index for periodontal disease (1959) were applied to assess oral cleanliness. Periodontal disease was evaluated using the gingival index (Loe and Silness, 1963) and loss of attachment level (Ramfjord, 1959). Stimulated salivary samples were collected and salivary flow rate, salivary CA15 - 3, calcium, phosphorus, zinc, copper ions and total proteins were determined.Results : Results showed that caries experience (DMFS) was higher among the study group compared with the control group but the difference was statistically not significant. The mean values of plaque index, calculus index, gingival index and loss of attachment were higher among the study group than the control group with a highly significant difference (P<0.01).The salivary levels of CA15 - 3 in breast cancer patients were higher than that of the controls with a highly significant difference (P<0.01). All the correlations between salivary CA15 - 3 and dental caries and periodontal diseases were statistically not significant.The salivary flow rate was lower among the study group than control group with a highly significant difference (P <0.01). Higher concentrations of salivary phosphorus, copper and total proteins were recorded among study group compared to control with statistically highly significant differences concerning phosphorus and copper (P<0.01). On the other hand, salivary calcium and zinc were lower among study group compared to control group with statistically highly significant difference concerning zinc (P<0.01). All the correlations between the caries experience and salivary constituents in the study and control groups were weak and not significant except the correlation with total proteins in the control group which was significantly positive. Concerning the correlations of oral hygiene and periodontal disease with salivary constituents, the study showed that all the correlations were weak and not significant except the correlations between the total proteins with loss of attachment in study group and with dental plaque in control group which were significantly positive relations.Conclusions : This study showed that the breast cancer patients had poor oral hygiene and higher rates of periodontal diseases and dental caries, therefore special preventive programs need to be designed for this group of patients. Also the results of this study could support the concept that salivary oncentrations of CA15 - 3 might serve to be used in the detection of breast cancer and/or the po operative follow - up of patients under treatment for carcinoma of the breast
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المشرف: احلام طه محمد
اسم المؤلف: بسمة عبد الباري عزیز

تاثير انواع مختلفة من المواد الملونة على الاستقرار اللوني للحاصرات التقويمية الخزفية المرتبطة مع انواع مختلفة من المواد اللاصقة الضوئية التصلب : دراسة مختبرية Effect of Different Staining Materials On Color Stability of Sapphire Brackets Bonded With Different Types of Light Cure Orthodontic Adhesives (An In Vitro Study)

المستخلص: لقد ازدادت الحاجة الى استعمال الاجهزة التقويمية التجميلية في هذه الايام مما دفع مقومي الاسنان الى البدء باستخدام الاسلاك التجميلية والحاصرات التجميلية بالاضافة الى الاشرطة المطاطية التجميلية.الحاصرات التقويمية الشبيهة بلون الاسنان انتجت من انواع مختلفة م | The demand for better esthetic during orthodontic treatment has increased now a days, so orthodontists starting using esthetic arch wires, brackets and ligatures.Tooth colored brackets were introduced in different types of materials.Sapphire ceramic brackets are one type of esthetic brackets and their color stability remains the main concern for the clinicians and patients at the same time.The present study design to evaluate the effect of three different staining materials (black tea, pepsi and cigarette smoke) on the stainability of sapphire ceramic brackets bonded with three types of light cure orthodontic adhesives whichinclude : Resilience, Enlight and Transbond. The sample consisted of three hundred sixty sapphire brackets. The brackets were divided according to bonding materials into three groups each group consist of one hundred twenty brackets, then each subgroup further subdivided into four groups according to the material they were immersed (distilled water, black tea, Pepsi and cigarette smoke) with thirty brackets each, then each group with ten brackets further subdivided according to time interval of immersion in each media into three groups one day, seven days and fourteen days at 37°C in the incubator. A UV - Visible spectrophotometer (Shimadzu, UV - 1800) was used to perform a light absorption test.ANOVA and LSD tests were used to identify the significant effects of the staining materials at a significance level P ? 0.05.It was found that the immersion time gradually influenced the color stability of the adhesive materials with sapphire brackets with the highest activity observed at fourteen days interval. The brackets bonded with Resilience light cure adhesive are the most type affected by staining materials, then followed by the brackets bonded with Transbond and finally the brackets bonded with Enlight lightcure adhesive.For the staining materials it was found that the cigarette smoke is the mostpowerful staining material, followed by tea and finally pepsi.From the above result we can conclude that the type of adhesive must takein consideration when the esthetic brackets have been used.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية طب الاسنان - قسم تقويم الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المشرف: نضال حسين غايب
اسم المؤلف: الاء فالح البو حسن

دراسة المضاعفات الفموية الوجهية, مؤشرات عامل - الغلوبيولين المناعي اللعابي A , الانترليوكين 6 وعامل تنخر الورم الفا في لعاب مرضى بيتا ثلاسيميا الكبرى في محافظة ميسان Study of Orofacial Complications, Salivary IgA, Interleukin - 6 And Tumor Necrosis Factor - Alpha Markers In Saliva of Beta - Thalassemia Major Patients In Missan Governorate

المستخلص: الثلاسيميا نوع بيتا هو الاضطراب الاحاد اليين الاكثر شيوعا في الشرق الاوسط، والتي تتميز بشذوذ في تركيب سلاسل بيتا من خضاب الدم مما يؤد الى ظواهر متفاوتة تتراوح بين فقر الدم الشديد الى عدم وجود اعراض سريريا.اهداف الدراسة : تحديد مدى انتشار المضاعفات الفمو | Beta - thalassemia is the most common monogenic known disorder in the Middle East, characterized by anomalies in the synthesis of the beta chains of hemoglobin resulting in variable phenotypes ranging from severe anemia to clinically asymptomatic Individuals. Several immunological defects can be found in patients with beta - thalassemia major patients, among which circulating cytokines levels, impairment of neurophil, macrophage phagocytic and killing functions, this impairment may be due to iron over load.Aims of study : Aims of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of Orofacial complications in beta - thalassemia major patients, salivary flow rate, salivary levels of salivary immunoglobulin A, interleukin - 6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha and to evaluate correlations between salivary parameters (salivary immunoglobulin A, interleukin - 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and salivary flow rate) in beta thalassemia major patients.Methods : Sixty subjects were participated in this study, they were divided into two groups, patients group composed of 30 patients with major beta - thalassemia, age rang (5 - 23), and 30 healthy looking subjects of both sexes as a control group, age rang (5 - 25). Data was collected using a special formula for general, medical and Orofacial examination sheet. Whole non - stimulated saliva was collected, measured and analyzed by enzyme linked immmunosorbent assay.Results : Most patients were in the first and second decade of life (90%), 20 (60%) were males and 10 (40%) were females with an age rage (5 - 23 years). The prevalence of Orofacial complications in beta - thalassemia major patients increased with age.The prevalence of orofacial complications in beta - thalassemia major patients were color change of oral mucosa (73.3%), rodent face (66.7%), maxillaryprotrusion (66.7%), saddle nose (63.3%), deep bite (26.7%)), open bite (13.3%) and spacing (10%).Regarding the salivary flow rate there was a statistically significant decrease in mean of salivary flow rate in patients group as compared with control group (P= 0.013).Laboratory investigations for salivary concentration of interleukin - 6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and salivary immunoglobulin A revealed highly significant to significantly in mean of these parameters in beta thalassemia major patients as compared with control group, interleukin - 6 (p=0.001), tumor necrosis factor alpha (p= 0.01) and salivary immunoglobulin A (p= 0.05) at P value ? 0.05.Conclusions : Beta - thalassemia major patients have specific Orofacial complications and a particular salivary cytokines compared to normal individuals.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: طب الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المشرف: زاهدة جاسم محمد
اسم المؤلف: جمال محبس ديوان

سمك العظم الشدقي في مناطق مختلفة من الفك السفلي واهميتة السريرية في تثبيت المسامير الحلزونية احادية القشرة باستخدام جهاز الاشعة المقطعية متعدد الشرائح Thickness of Buccal Bone At Various Sites of Themandible And Its Clinical Significance In Monocortical Screws Placementusing Multislice Computed Tomography

المستخلص: Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) using miniplates and screws is the treatment of choice for mandibular fractures.Using miniplates and screws along the ideal line of osteosynthesis provides sufficient support and stability to the bone fragments to allow immediate function. It is important to know both : the region where the bone providesafirm anchorage for the screw,andthe topography of thedental apices and inferior alveolar nerve to avoiddamaging them when inserting the screwThe aim of study : The purpose of this study is to determine the thickness of buccal cortical plate and that of buccal bone using computed tomography,at the parasymphysis and mandibular body, thereby determining the area that provide afirm anchorage and the maximum length of mono - cortical screws that can be safely placed in these regions without injuring the tooth roots orinferior alveolar nerve.Materials and Methods : The sample of the present study was a total of 110 Iraqi patients (77 males & 33 females) aged (18 - 35) years old who admitted to Computed Tomography scan unit in AL - SadrTeaching Hospital in Al - Najaf city to getComputed Tomographic examination of facial bones from November 2013 to May 2014. The conventional section of CT (axial) wasused to do the measurements and dental planning analysiswhich is a specific investigation protocol was also used.The thickness of buccal cortical plate and the thickness of buccal bone were measured at the level of root apex of (canine, first premolar, second premolar) and at the level of : root apex and inferior alveolar canal in (mesial and distal root of first and second molar). Results : The mean buccal bone thickness at canine area was (3.7 - 4.3 mm), in premolars area (3.6 - 4 mm), in molar area (at the level of apex) (5.6 - 6 mm), in molar area (at the level of inferior alveolar canal) (5.2 - 5.6 mm) for females and males respectively. The mean buccal cortical plate thickness at canine area was (1.4 - 1.6 mm), in premolars area (1.5 - 1.7 mm), in molar area (at the level of apex) (2.4 - 2.6 mm), in molar area (atthe level of inferior alveolar canal) (2.4 - 2.3 mm) for females and males respectively.There was no statistically significant age and gender difference in buccal cortical plate thickness and buccal bone thickness. Conclusion : Buccal cortical plate thickness and buccal bone thickness in various sites of the mandible could be measured precisely using Multislice Computed Tomography which can guide surgeons in selecting the proper screw length without causing injury to rootapex or inferior alveolar nerve.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: اشعة الفم والاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المشرف: لمياء حامد النقيب
اسم المؤلف: حوراء نوري عطا لله

تاثير الجنس،العمر وفقدان السن على ابعاد القناة الثاقبة والعظم الامامي للقناة : دراسة بالتصوير المقطعي Effect of Gender, Age And Tooth Loss On The Dimensions of Incisive Canal, And Buccal Bone Anterior To The Canal (Computed Tomography Study)

المستخلص: القناة الثاقبة تركيب تشريحي لھا موقعا ھاما في الفك العلوي الامامي، دراسة خصائص ھذه القناة وتقييم علاقتھا مع العظم الامامي للقناة ضروري خلال زرع القواطع المركزية العلوية. الاشعة المقطعية لھذه المنطقة يمكن ان توفر ميزات دقيقة عن حدود وموقع القناة الثاقبة | The incisive canal is an anatomical structure with an important location in the anterior maxilla, analyzing this canal characteristics and evaluated its relation to the bone anterior to the canal is necessary during dental implantation of maxillary central incisors. CT scan image for this region can provide accurate features about the border, position of incisive canal and status of buccal bone anterior to this canal.Aim of the study : To study for the effect of gender, age and tooth loss in area of maxillary central incisors teeth on the dimensions of the incisive canal and buccal bone anterior to the canal using spiral computed tomography.Subjects, Materials and Methods : The sample consisted of prospective study for 156 subjects of both gender. The sample were divided into two groups, 120 dentate group (60 male and 60 female) with age ranging from (20 - 70) and 36 edentate group(with missing both maxillary central incisor) (18 male and 18 female) with age ranging from (50 - 70), which was further divided into two group according to the duration of maxillary central incisorsteeth loss, long duration (5+) years which consists of 26 subjects and short duration (<5 years) which consists of 10 subjects. All subjects attended to Baquba Teaching General Hospital in Diyala for Computed Tomographic scan investigation for different Maxillofacial diagnostic purposes from November/2013 to April/2014.Using sagittal section of computed tomography scan, the following measurementswere done : A - The diameters of incisive canal were measured at crestal, middle and apical level and the total mean value of canal diameters was calculated. B - The length of incisive canal.C - The distance of buccal bone anterior to incisive canal at crestal, middle and apical level and the total mean value of buccal bone distances was calculated. D - The length of buccal bone anterior to incisive canal from the apical measurement of buccal bone to the alveolar crest. The measuring unit was in millimeter in all measurements.Result : Gender had moderately strong effect on the dimensions of incisive canal and buccal bone anterior to this canal, the mean values begin generally higher for male as compared to female for both control and cases group. Absence of maxillary central incisors decreased incisive canal length and buccal bone dimensions with mean values begin higher in control group than that in cases group, the effect of teeth loss on these selected measurements seem to be strong ;however, canal diameter remain unchanged with dental status and there was no effect of teeth loss on this parameter.There was a moderately strong to strong effect of the duration of maxillary central incisors teeth loss on canal length and buccal bone dimensions with mean values being significantly lower in long duration (5+) years than that in short duration (<5 years) while it had weak effect on incisive canal diameter for both gender. The results showed that there was no significant linear correlation between age and all selected measurements in male and female for both control and cases group. Conclusion : CT scan is a valuable tool to evaluate the anatomic variation at the examined area in the current study, gender and dental status are important factors that can affect incisive canal characteristics and amount of bone anterior to the canal. Clinicians should perform careful planning using CT scans before performing dental implant surgeries in premaxillary region.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: اشعة الفم والاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المشرف: احلام احمد فتاح
اسم المؤلف: رياحين غازي رشيد

قياس كثافة العظم السنخي في الفك العلوي في سن 13 - 15 سنة باستخدام المفراس الحلزوني Measurment of Maxillary Alveolar Bone Density At 13 - 15 Years Age Using Spiral Omputerized Tomography

المستخلص: Bone density is a major factor that affect mini implant primarily stability. No Iraqi studies had been evaluated bone density related to mini - implant placement for orthodontic anchorage at age 13 - 15 years.The present research aims to evaluate gender, side and site differences in the bone density at various orthodontic implant sites for the maxillary alveolar bone (cortical; buccal and palatal and cancellous).The sample of this study consisted of CT images for patients who were attending Al. Shaheed Ghazi Al - Hariri Hospital/the Computerized Tomography department from January 2014 until May 2014. Twenty nine individuals (16 males and 13 females) had subjected to clinical examination, then 64 - multislice computed tomography scan data were evaluated and bone density was measured in Hounsfield unit at 21 points (9 points for each side and 3 points between the right and left central incisors).The results obtained showed that there were no significant differences in bone density between males and females and between the left and right sides. There are no significant differences in bone density between the maxillary buccal cortical bone and the palatal cortical bone except at lateral incisor and canine point where the palatal side had higher bone density than buccal side. The mean bone density of the cancellous bone in the anterior part was higher than that in the posterior of the maxilla.These differences in bone density between and within regions of the maxilla must be considered when placing mini implants and may provide valuable information when selecting sites, size, angle and placement methods for mini implant in the dental arch.
الصفحات الاولى:
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية طب الاسنان - قسم تقويم الاسنان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الموضوع الدقيق: تقويم الاسنان
السنة: 2014
الموضوع العام: طب الاسنان
اسم المشرف: فخري عبد علي الفتلاوي
اسم المؤلف: ازهار عبد الامير فرج
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