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الشخصية في شعر ادونيس : المرجع، الحضور، التحولات

Author name: حازم هاشم منخي عبد السيد
Supervisor name: سوادي فرج مكلف
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

البحــث اللغــوي عند السيد محمد باقر الصدر == Al - Sayyid Muhammad Baqir Al - Sadr's Linguistic Study

Author name: حسين مزهر حمادي
Supervisor name: عبد الحسين علك المبارك
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This is a study of the linguistic efforts of one of the most significant modern figures in the field of the science of origins and sources of Fiqh;namely, Ayatollah Sayyid Muhammad Baqir Al - Sadr It investigates his works on Sources of Fiqh ,especially his book. Lessons in Science of Sources as well as his investigation of External studies which one of his students, Sayyid Muhmood Al - Hashimi published under the title, Papers in Science of Sources A descriptive approach has been followed here to trace back the linguistic phenomenon on the part of the linguists on the one hand. On the other hand the very phenomenon of language is investigated as part of the work of the scholars of Sources. Finally, this investigation covers the point of view held by al - Sadr to trace the methods followed by such scholars and the their views so as to anchor at the recognition of the seriousness and mastery Al - Sadr practices while discussing and evaluating earlier linguistic view points. As far as the section on the thought and viewpoints of Sayyid Al - Sadr ,is concerned it analyzes these viewpoints into their main components and supporting ideas to pinpoint the sources from which AL - Sadr has drawn his own opinion when developing his view points here and there Then all that is of some relevance to what Al - Sadr suggests whether held by those pioneer linguists preceding or succeeding him has to be matched to arrive at the originality and novelty of his very suggestion or opinion By so doing , the researcher aims at showing the application and value of Al - Sadr ‘s contribution to language and interpretation of certain aspects of the very phenomenon of language. To outline the thesis, one may say that this research work falls into two parts preceded by an introduction on Al - Sadr biography including the features of his linguistic approach. Again, each of these two parts subdivides into two chapters. The thesis ends with some relevant results. Part I is entitled Sound and Meaning. The first chapter of the first part is on the source of meaning This chapter falls into three sections.Chapter Two carries the title of A Variety of Semantic Patterns. This chapter divides into two sections : Factual and Figurative language and Equivalence and Association. Part II is given the title, Letters and Sentences. Chapter One is on letters and it is divided into two sections. On the other hand, Chapter Two is has got the title of Sentences. This is also subdivides into two sections.The first and most important result of the present research work is the description of the theory developed by Al - Sadr. This theory can be added to the two traditional theories of sources of language. In the light of his new linguistic theory, Al - Sadr explains the origin of language and how sound is associated with meaning in the field of semantics. Al - Sadr's novel theory is called “Approved Association”. In this study of Al - Sadr's theory, the researcher has done his best to shed the light on the very linguistic theory under investigation discussing its basic components as well as its knowledge bases and linguistic dimensions within the frame of modern linguistics. Thus, this is a comparative study that seeks the application of such a linguistic theory to the significant interpretation of the initiation of meaning or semantics emphasizing the first connection between word and word meaning. Furthermore, among the other results of this study is the exposition of the various view points held by Al - Sadr. These views cover matters such as reality and fiction, association and equivalence, function words and their meanings, the use of prepositions as well as types of sentences. Al - Sadr's views have dealt with almost all aspects of language; starting with the word and ending with the whole sentence. Al - Sadr's efforts reflect this unique pioneer's own brilliance and innovation.. It is to this man, one may safely relate the invaluable innovation.that can never be matched in linguistics.

النقد الاجتماعي : دراسة في النقد القصصي العربي الحديث تنظير واجراء == Social Criticism Study In Modern Arab Fiction Criticism Theoretical View And Procedure

Author name: خالد علي ياس
Supervisor name: فاضل عبود خميس التميمي | متعب مناف جاسم
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:

الايثار الدلالي في القران الكريم

Author name: بشرى عبد المهدي ابراهيم التميمي
Supervisor name: ليث اسعد عبد الحميد
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:

التشكيل البياني في شعر الصعاليك والفتاك حتى نهاية العصر الاموي == Rhetorical Formation In Ai - Saaleeq And Al - Fattacks Poetry To The End Of Umayyad Ere

Author name: خالد جعفر مبارك
Supervisor name: فاضل عبود خميس التميمي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
Full text from the source: https://basicedu.uodiyala.edu.iq/uploads/DHAMYA1/ARABIC/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%20%D8%AC%D8%B9%D9%81%D8%B1%20%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83.pdf
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: The study deals with Rhetorical Formation as a critical idiom which works in effective poetry field and it is very clear in procedural use. The picture in the poem or the portrait needs the senses and feelings of the receiver and it colours his experience. Thus the drawer and the post use certain means to fulfil his works.As it is known poetry is based on rhetorical arts and means from linguistic and rhetorical view point to create motivation and astonishment. The thesis aims at revealing the art movement of rhetoric and describing it inside the poem structure and outside it. The poem includes in its multi - understanding. The poem is considered as abase the field for poetic rhetoric. AL - Saaleeq and Al - fattacks poetry was chosen to be the subject of the present study because it has literary importance. it gathers two literary eras.Which are considered the most prominent literary eras for poetry production. They include poetic interest and researchers tackled this rich literature. Since the researcher is interested in old literature and has a great wish to study and read it he chose this topic. The study falls in to the following parts : Preliminary (Rhetorical formation in Language) was studied from two sides , the first studies the formation and its relation with poetry. The second deals with the rhetoric term and its development. The study falls into three chapters. The first chapter deals with assimilation formation and its activity.The decoding assimilation structure was studied in the first part and the rhetoric assimilation structure is studied in the second part.The second chapter studies metaphorical formation. The chapter is divided in to three sections.The first deals with metaphorical structure the second part deals with the body metaphorical structure and the third deals with recognize able decoding structure. The third chapter deals with the exceeding rhetorical formation. The study arrives at the following conclusions and suggestions : - The study identifies formation concept.It investigates its concept deeply. - AL - Saaleeq and AL - Fattacks poetry have a great ability in poetry. - They were able to re form environment from poetic viewpoint. - They deal with poetic language as scientists who know every thing concerning its content. - In the assimilation structure art is mixed with psychology. - Most of Al - saaleeq and Al - Fattacks poctic assimilation pictures are very clear. - Al - saaleeq and Al - Fattacks poctic were able to change the task of the main assimilation structure from being printed on the poets conscience to being printed on the receivers conscience. May - The other studies in future study Al - saaleeq and Al - Fattacks poetry from a semantic point of view. - A study can deal with semiotic formation phenol menon in Al - saaleeq and Al - Fattacks poetry. - Al - saaleeq and Al - Fattacks poetry am be studied from a stylistic viewpoint.

التصوير البياني في المشاهد الكونية القرانية : دراسة في الانماط والوظائف == Rhetorical Portrayal In Qur'anic Cosmic Scenes : A Study In Patterns And Functions

Author name: حميد جفات ثويني الجبوري
Supervisor name: اياد عبد الودود عثمان الحمداني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: The present study, which is entitled "Rhetorical Portrayal in Qur'anic Cosmic Scenes : A Study in Patterns and Functions", is in the core of the Glorious Quran studies as it is full of a great number of cosmic verses that are counted by researchers to mount up to sixth of its verses. These verses are dealing with various cosmic elements. When the Holy Quran tackles the (cosmic scene), it deals with it for the sake of accomplishing a variety of functions; ranging from those indicating divinity, an evidence of resurrection, a reminder to humans of Allah's blessings for them, or an identification of the relation of the universe in all its minute details to Allah the Creator. Rhetorical portrayal is regarded on of the phenomena of expression in literary language. The text of the Holy Quran is the apex of such texts. It is characterized by the clear and distinct presence of the rhetorical portrait inside of it along with its distinguished tackling of rhetorical patterns (simile, metaphor and metonymy) in the production of portrait. Of the most significant previous literature is a thesis entitled "The Concluding Sentence in the Qur'anic Cosmic and Humanistic Verses : A Stylistic Study" by Noor H. Mohammed that aimed at dealing with the concluding sentence in the cosmic and humanistic verses with no due reference to the rhetorical portrait except within the scope of her study method.The thesis comprises a preface and four chapters. The preface concentrates on the trilogy of image, imagination and the Qur'anic cosmic scene so as to uncover the concept of image and its relation to imagination among ancient and modern writers. Afterwards, the study moves on from the preface to the practical side. Therefore, the first chapter entitled "Simile in the Cosmic Scenes System" is subdivided into five sections. The first of them is the two sides sense image, the second is the intermingled sense image, the third is the image in the implicit simile, and the fourth is the effectivity of representative image, while the fifth section is the employment of transformational devices in simile. Chapter two focuses on the "Metaphor in the Cosmic Scenes System". It is split into four sections; the first is the employment of personification in the cosmic scenes system, the second is inserting the metaphorical portrait in the cosmic scenes system, thirdly is modes of embodiment in the cosmic scenes system, and the last is the antithesis binaries. The third chapter is entitled "The Mental & Hypallage Trope in Cosmic Scenes System". The researcher favored studying these two types in a separate chapter because they are dangling between metaphor and metonymy as well as due to the huge portrayal energy innate in them that opens forth to both types with regard to their various connotations and relations. I preferred to put this chapter in two sections due to the nature of the analytical, inductive method which is close to descriptive approach of the study; the first is the mental pattern in the scenic system, and the second is the Hypallage pattern in the cosmic scenes system. Chapter four is allocated to the study of "Metonymy in the Cosmic Scenes System". It lies in five sections; the first is the employment of the human and his/her related matters in the cosmic scene, the second is the use of plant and its related issues in the cosmic scene, the third is the usage of time and its related matters in the cosmic scene, and the fourth deals with the metonymy of sighted and chilly cosmic phenomena in the cosmic scene, while the last tackles color implementation in the form of metonymy image. The most significant conclusions perceived from the study are : 1. The letter (Kaaf) comes with the word (mithl/ like) to assure the state of intermingling between the two ingredients of simile.2. The researcher has founded that the rhetorical pattern exceeds the limits of portraying the form into abstract and imaginative worlds, and that the elements forming the cosmic scene participated in the eccentricity of portrait and the activation of its poeticity. 3. Cosmic scenes are mostly count on visual images that are related to natural elements, especially plants. They might address readers' eye to associate more than one human sense with the aim of accomplishing many functions, most importantly, purgation

مظاهر الانزياح في الشعـر الاندلسي : عصر الطوائف والمرابطين مثالا == Aspects Of Stylistic Deviation In Andalusian Poetry : Poets Of Age Of Al - Tawa'If Kings And Al - Murabiteen

Author name: لؤي صيهـود فـواز التميمي
Supervisor name: خليل ابراهيم عبد الوهاب القيسي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: This dissertation is an attempt to study aspects of stylistic deviation in the poetic genre, in an introduction and three chapters. The introduction is dedicated to deal with the different terms and Arabic translations of stylistic deviation.The first chapter tackles "Substitutional Deviation", in three sections : Section one : Deviation of characterization structure.Section two : Deviation of simile structure.Section three : Deviation of impersonation and personificationstructure.The second chapter is devoted to study syntactical deviation, in three sections : Section one : Metonymic deviation.Section two : Deviation of hyperbaton, omission and intertextuality.Section three : More syntactical deviation aspects, such as : annexment and shift, apostrophe, interrogation,order, prohibition, swearing and exclamation. The third chapter is dedicated to the musical host of the poetical form, with a theoretical introduction and three sections : Section one : outer music : metres and rhymes.Section two : inner music in forms of : consonance, repetition, fronting, isocolon and lionine rhyme.Section three : Terza rima (Al - Muwashah). The dissertation has come up to a conclusion summarizing the final academic results.

ادب فؤاد التكرلي السردي في الخطاب النقدي العراقي الحديث == The Narrative Works Of Fuad Al Tikirli In Modern Iraqi Critical Discourse

Author name: فاهم طعمة احمد سبتي
Supervisor name: سعيد عبد الرضا خميس التميمي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: There is a huge critical movement around the works of Fuad Al Tikirli that can be traced back to the mid - fifties of the past century. This is because of the unique characteristics of Al Takarli's works that are marked by intellectual attitudes of development, renewing, and modernism towards writing fiction. Al Tikirli has an exclusive touch that can be noticed by his stories, novels, plays, and articles. This exclusivity is marked by the various literary genres with the accuracy and incredibility of the style at the same time. Al Tikirli has his special style that distinguishes him from other Iraqi writers of his age. Accordingly, critics had followed his writings from his first short story. Nihad Tikirli is regarded as the first critic who reviewed his successful story "Al Uioun Al Khudhr" (The Green Eyes). Before that, many critics tried to analyze his experience according to their intellectual and academic attitudes towards stories and novels like Dr. Ali Jawad Tahir, Dr. Abdulilaah Ahmed, Dr. Umar Talib, Dr. Muhsin Al Mousawi, Dr. Shuja' Al Ani, and the critics : Fadhil Thamir, Yaseen Naseer, and Basim Abdulhameed Hamoudi.The Tikirlian Experience was a subject of many critical studies. All of which tried to find an approach to describe its nature with different procedural devices. This gave his works a critical richness especially in the intellectual fundamentals and the various vision procedural devices. What encouraged the variety of critical approaches of the narrative experience of Al Tikirl is his humanitarian attitude, artistic beauty, and the definite ideological message. His experience is open yet comprehensive with various attitudes, which is a subject of many interpretations. The most important reason behind conducting this study is the variety of critical topics about Tikirli's fictional experience as one of the leading figures of fiction and novel in Iraq as well as the genuine, deep, and continuously developed experience. Al Tikirli was able to take a prestigious status among the Iraqi and Arab novelists.The strong interest in narrative literature participated in choosing this study. It is well known that Fuad Al Tikirli wrote in various literary genres like story, novel, drama, essay, translation, and diaries, but this study will be devoted to narrative literature. Other genres, especially drama, will be left for two reasons. First, those plays did not reach the desired level. They were sole dialogs in which he aimed at trying to write in other genre near to his type. Secondly, the rarity of critical studies that dealt with his plays. The researcher found about two or three essays on his plays, which means that it is regarded as a secondary to his first interest, i.e., stories and novels.Some of the few essays that were concerned with dramatic criticism are "Fuad Al Tikirli : the Dramatist" by Dr. Dhia Khudhayir which was published in the journal Aqlam 3 (1989). The second essay was entitled "The Structure of Dialogue Scenes in the Plays of Fuad Al Tikirli" by the critic Abid Ali Hassan that was published in his book Drama and Application and republished in the journal Emdha 5,6 (2014). The third essay was written by the researcher Mudhafar Salim Shakir and entitled "The Foreign Shadows in the Plays of Fuad Al Tikirli" which was published in Emdha (ibid). The methodology of the study will be based on the textual analytical approach that utilizes the narrative techniques and their aesthetic achievements and the two main narrative streams : traditional novel and Formal Structural Narrative that dealt with the relations between narrative units in a literary work.The study chapters were based on the elements and components of narration as well as the modern techniques of Fuad Al Tikirli's works. The study consisted of four chapters as well as an introduction, a conclusion, a bibliography, and an abstract in English. The introduction contained two aspects. The first one was concerned with Al Tikirli's biography, his narrative innovation and its sources, and his characteristics according to critics and researchers. The second aspect was an introduction to the most important modern narrative elements and techniques contained in the study. The first chapter studied the components of narrative discourse in the works of Fuad Al Tikirli. It is the longest chapter of the study and contained many sections like style, dialogue, and the narrative setting represented by time, place and characters. All those elements participated in the development of his narrative works through the role played by each element in forming and organizing the structure. Style is regarded as the front of the writers work. Dialogue reveals the extent of the writer's attention to people interaction, as well as the monologue that reveals the inner worlds. Narrative setting (time and place) has a great effect on preparing the circumstances to embrace the characters and affect their role in the novel. Characters represent the main factor in narration. Main and secondary characters are the reason behind the existence of the novel.The second chapter contained the components of narrative discourse that is almost similar to the first chapter except with the analysis and scripts.The third chapter entitled "Criticizing Psychological Structure". It was divided into preliminaries and two sections. The preliminaries dealt with an introduction to psychological approach theory and its way of analyzing literary text according to a comprehensive social vision. It showed the relation between fiction and society and the effect of each one on the other in a controversial relation. The first section discussed the issues of sexuality, woman, and adultery in the works of Fuad Al Tikirli. It also discussed the attitude of critics towards this vital and important issue as an advanced topic in this type of literature. The second section was devoted to study the character of the cultivated in his novels and the critics' explanation of the cultivated psychological and financial problems. The fourth chapter contained the criticism of formal structure. Critics have structurally analyzed the scripts Al Tikirli in a punctual and subjective way in building organized relation between narration techniques. This chapter was divided into preliminaries and three sections. The preliminaries were devoted to investigate the formal structural method and its most important techniques. The first section studied the movement forward and backward in narration time. The second section dealt with narrative novel or writer's perspective towards certain topic. The third section contained the subject of textuality of multiple texts to form a new meaningful text. The researcher would like to express his deepest thank to Assistant Professor Saeed Abdulridha Kamees Al Tamimi Ph. D., the study supervisor, for his valuable observations and his dedication towards the perfection of this study. The researcher also extents his gratitude to the professors of the Department of Arabic Language, especially, Dr. Mohammad Abdulrasoul Salman - the dead of the Department of Arabic Language, as well as Professor Fadhil Aboud Al Tamimi, Professor Ayah Abdulwadoud Al Hamdani, Professor Salah Mahdi Al Zubeidi, and Assistant Professor Ali Mutib Jasim. The researcher also thanks the public libraries for their provision of sources and references namely : the higher study library - College of Arts - University of Baghdad, the central library - University of Baghdad, the central library - Mustansiria University, The National Library - The House of Books and Documents, and the central library in Diyala Province.Finally the researcher expresses his deepest gratitude to the debate committee for their efforts in studying and identifying the pitfalls of the study.

الاصوات عند سيبويه في ضوء علم الاصوات الحديث

Author name: عبد العزيز سعيد بن حمان الصيغ
Supervisor name: حسام سعيد النعيمي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

التناص الحجاجي في خطب عصر صدر الاسلام والعصر الاموي == Argumentative Intertextuality In The Speech Of The First Islamic Period And The Umayyad Period

Author name: امل عبد الرحيم جمعة القره لوسي
Supervisor name: حسن حبيب عزر الكريطي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: يجترح هذا البحث مصطحا مهما من المصطلحات الحجاجية الا وهو(التناص الحجاجي) الذي يعنى بالخطاب والتعالقات النصية في خطب عصر صدر الاسلام والعصر الاموي، واثر هذه التعالقات النصية في حجية هذا الخطاب، فالعلاقات النصية التي تقيمها الخطابات تمتد الى ثقافة مختزن | The current research suggests a significant term which is one of the argumental terms that is the arguemental style. It tackles speech act and relative texts in the speeches of beginning of Islam and the Umayyad era and the effect of these relative texts in the argument of this speech act. The relative texts that are evaluated by orations extend to a stored culture in the collective memory which are inflected in departures and changes that are covered always with a modern garnet. This linguistic event is revived through precipitated procedures in the new oration. The text here is a web of linguistic, constructional, and ideological data, all cooperate to form speech acts. After completion, it practiced a great influence so as to produce other texts, so, the text depends on renewal according to its readability and on quantity according to its supplying privacy.The incoming text comes loaded with argumental references charges with pragmatic productive features to penetrate with the current text and melt in its essence, so the incoming text appears in various levels : the explicit and the implicit. This pragmatic fertilization results in new text with a directed argumental dimension. The pragmatic interaction which is established between the incoming text and the current text cannot be of a single path instead it goes towards the giving and taking reference; it grants the incoming a new reference as it grants an argument power to the current text with all its pragmatic referential roots within its environment. So, the coming text may grants old text new interpretation or show them with a new garment that was hidden before. They could not be seen before so long as the style process, that achieves great deeds that practice argumental power which guide the path of speech act.The research results in several argumental style that the orator adopted in the beginning of Islam and the Umayyad era. These speeches were coloured with different stylistic feature that carried the tendencies orientations and how to form the speech and presenting it to the listener as well as their dependence on the textual loadings that differentiate in their argumental guidance.The research plan included an introductory chapter, followed by three chapters, and conclusion included the most important results of this research in which all this term interpretations and details were discussed in addition to its influence on speeches of the beginning of Islam and the Umayyad era.

المفارقة في مقامات العصر العباسي == Irony In Maqamat Of Abbasside Era

Author name: تغريد ضياء مشفي الفخري
Supervisor name: سامي مكي العاني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Most of the Abbaside era Maqamat were based on a bitter irony out of a painful and a tragic reality that is full of contradictions and change of standards and values. Axiomatically they had a lot of instances of irony for it is the most suitable among artistic styles. It was , there fore , adopted by Maqamat writers as the artistic styles through which they expressed their suffering and boredom ; it had been a reflection of the time they lived. For them , irony was a defensive means for facing the cruelty , deprivation and misery in their lives ; a purification means , so to say , that would eliminate the deposits of dreadful ideas and would relieve the strains of poverty and need deep inside them. The irony of the Abbaside Era Maqamat is of three main types : 1. Verbal irony : it includes anti expectation , pedantry equivocation , pun , simile and quotation. 2. Irony of situation : it includes the self uncovering , dramatically and event irony. 3. Narrative irony : it includes spatial and temporal , the narrator - hero and the secondary characters irony. These three main types make up the three chapter of the this study , with each chapter being devoted to one type preceded by an introduction that illuminates the lexical and terminological meanings of "Maqama" and "Irony" and also the nature , importance , motives and aims of each one of them. All that followed by a conclusion that sums up the findings arrived at and most important of which are the following : 1. Maqama is a dramatized story that combines the techniques of both fiction and drama. It both narrates and displays ideas. It is based on a dramatic scene with action and dialogue , a matter which tints it with vitality and excitement that it has been an impressive type of art up to the present time. 2. Linguistic irony is produced by one signifier leading to two or more signified ideas. It , then , enables us to practice a multi - reading criticism because it deepens the text , extends its interpretative limits and widens its horizons. 3. The irony of situation embodied the suffering of the Maqamat writers that their Maqamat seemed to be a reverberation of what they lived and co - lived and what they thought and felt. The irony was their outlet to steam off and express their attitudes towards their surroundings. 4. Time and place in the Abbaside Era Maqamat where open. The characters moved about in absolute time and place. That is to generalize the purpose - idea and indicate that it is likely to happen at any time and place and to implicitly indicate the bad conditions and corruption. 5. The narrator in Abbaside Maqamat is an observer who seldom takes part in the events unlike the hero who undertakes the creation and activation of events and through whom the writer pictures what he wants to deliver. Most likely , the narrator represents the writer , whereas the hero represents the socially , politically and ideologically oppressed class

المنهج في الخطاب النقدي العراقي المعاصر : تجربة رحمن غركان اختيارا 2003 - 2016م == The Method In Iraqi Contemporary Critic Attempt Of Rahman Gharkan Selectively 2003 - 2016 A.D.

Author name: صالح مجيد علي الخزرجي
Supervisor name: خضير عباس درويش
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:
Abstract: This study has concluded to a group of results briefly mention as follows : The critical method represents a main element which the critical literature based to reach through to goal from reading that work art of this , the method has been distributed in Iraqi Contemporary Critic two paths : firstly the research method that take the critical literature data at its subjective and art possibilities , this become widespread in academic thesis especially when the researcher or the study deals with literature or literature phenomena or critical case, the dissertations and thesis represent that studies specific cases (subjective art) a model in functioning the literature curriculum, secondly the critical methods that based on dialogue between a particular work art and critical mind in the light of specified critical method , there are four methods used widely that the contemporary Iraqi critic impacted of western methods. so that , known : stylistic critic on multi methods and constructional critic on also multi methods , cinematography critic on vary theories then literature critic on differential set forth. The poesy critic dominates on other prose arts in the contemporary Iraqi critic due to domination the poesy literature on the awareness critic from a part and abundance poesy production , quantitatively and qualitatively from other side. besides the richness of old Arabic critic record by deal with critic poesy. The Iraqi critic beware also researcher and studying to the importance of the critic term conducting with all doctrine apart and connecting with each arts a part , the term in poesy language different from tale or story , thus in other arts and terms in constructional different in stylistic and as in other doctrines. The critical studies are similar in academic critic particularly those using as methods : stylistic , constructional , cinematography or rhetorical , ways to reading works art then similar studies that read : poetry image or poetry language or constructing presentation personality or arguments. this due to little number of diligent critics , large number of studying or familiar researchers which making create new rarely , spreading the familiar or repetitions as familiar. Rahman Gharkan's critic mostly deal with other arts critic, between twenty two books as sample of this study on the poetry as subject for twenty books some of them for other arts and second rank which the tale , story , the play , the sculpture , music and art construction , for the critic art distributed on four books. The stylistic doctrine presented in critical speech of Rahman Gharkan through four books which are the stylistic as being method as describe doctrine and method of Arabic eloquence , the standard of rhetorical method and the components of the stylistics the poetry column for the rhetorical method represents three books which are : Arabic rhetorical theory , the rhetorical critic method and lectures of the rhetorical teaching , most the rhetorical books have the known teaching method in Arabic rhetoric. He was remarked by the new critic method theorization and applied in books (constructive method in view of procedures / towards suggested method in reading the text and receive the meaning ) whereas this method present five forms of application is constrictive structural readings in five arts which are poetry at the second chapter , story art in the third chapter, tale art at the fourth chapter , theater art in fifth chapter , narrative art in sixth chapter , to concluded to possibility to apply6 in other arts. The application prevail on theorizing at the critic speech for Rahman Gharkan so that he was caring with application data of critic method by making critic procedure at his work art mostly attend the literature's methods. His language characterizes with the critical term level also on descriptive and analysis to affiliate to the method so that the method's language was rhetoric : term and analysis other than stylistic method language. His traditional reference composes of his critic mind attended impact and deep impact on imported reference and his using the Arabic tradition most effective of the modern western critic. The method represents a significant sign of his work that produced six books : the tools of curriculum readings and stylistic as being a doctrine, doctrine's language , talk's doctrine and its standards of methodology , the critic rhetoric, and composition's doctrine from view to procedure. At Rahman Gharkan's critic speech in his written in 2017 another field for study other than its specialization in this study : The critic term in critic speech for Rahman Gharkan's and the text materials at speech critic and written language for him.

صورة المراة في الشعر العربي في كربلاء 1950 - 2000م

Author name: زينب عزيز هادي الموسوي
Supervisor name: فاروق محمود عبد الله الحبوبي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Karbala
First pages:

شعر مديح الخلفاء في العصر العباسي الاول : مقاربة تداولية == Praise Poetry Of Caliphs In The First Abbasid Era Pragmatic Approach

Author name: عبد الله بيرم يونس
Supervisor name: منتصر عبد القادر الغضنفري
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Al Mosul - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Mosul
First pages:
Abstract: Pragmatics deals with the relation between linguistic activity and its users, and successful methods of using the linguistic marks and different keys and contexts within which the discourse is made. Also it finds out the elements that make the discourse as a successful and obvious massage and it finds out the reasons for failure in communication with natural languages.Since pragmatics has the ability to call for non - linguistic aspects in the process of criticism and analysis in the address, this method has been chosen to approach the praise poetry of Caliphs in the first Abbasid era in a way which is different from most literary studies that deals with this poetry with regard to artistic form only. Praise poetry in general, and of Caliphs in particular isn’t based on the aesthetic conditions only, but also it takes into consideration the pragmatic and social conditions that require forms of speech manner according to tone keys in response to a general law that regulates the human communication and prescribes that the success of communication between speaker and addressee is based only on the response to the pragmatic rules, such as cooperation, politeness, courtesy … etc. Since these rules are characterized by usual communication, it is better that these rules are characterized by poetic speech which requires aesthetic form. So, how do the poets leave the dignity that they seek? The poetry that praises Caliphs requires special types of criticism, so the pragmatics is the most appropriate manner to approach this type of poetry. So, we followed the pragmatic manner in studying and analyzing the praise poetries mentioned in the Abbasid royal palace.

حذف المرفوع من الاسماء في الحديث الشريف : دراسة في كتب اعرابه من العكبري الى السيوطي == Omission Of Raised Nouns In Prophet's Says Study Of The Books Of Its Syntax From Al - Uqburi To Al - Syuti

Author name: وليد خضر عمر الحماوي
Supervisor name: عبد الوهاب محمد علي العدواني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Al Mosul - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Mosul
First pages:

العقيدة الاسلامية في الشعر العراقي الحديث == The Islamic Doctrine In Modern Iraqi Verse

Author name: سناء جميل حنون العلي
Supervisor name: سوادي فرج مكلف
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

التقابل في العبارات القصيرة في نهج البلاغة : دراسة تحليلية == The Equivalence In The Short Phrases In Nahj Al Balagha Analytical Study

Author name: انوار عزيز جليل الاسدي
Supervisor name: سليمة جبار غانم
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah from Him, we wish completion and acceptance the good works He and His Prophet Mohammed (PbH). During our preparatory and upon reviewing the linguistic curricula taught literatures, we knew that it is in continuous movement never been stopped and in permanent loop never been calm so that it is renewed and released from the old without separation from it as it is in need to quote from it so that studying the text concluded integrated text without division , segmentation or partition; i.e. phonetic level never been studied independently from the grammatical level nor studying syntax away from the phonetic level , but studies all levels together in one subject and on one text. This curricular is the association law or association curricula by its two level : The essence of association ( associating text by its elements present in the text) and the nonappearance ( associating text with absent elements ), the first one is done through distribution while the second is done through election and some of which is characterized with literature behavioral speech and their role in forming and pivoting text. In the second degree after Holy Quran and Hadith of the Prophet (PbH) are studied later pertaining their superiority and their huge status , Approach of Rhetoric( Nahj Al Balagha) is came its speeches were taken from Imam Ali (PbH). In fact, my wish is that my Doctorate study to be in this great proverbs book so that my thesis is titled : Semantic Equivalence in the aphorisms of Imam Ali (PBH) and his sermons In The Approach of Rhetoric. Preliminary is the basis to form the straits of the thesis as it is the theoretical material of the thesis discussing the Equivalence by language and terminology and the twin of equivalence and antithetic and is there twin or both terms are of one meaning. And then the equivalence in Hadith semantics and expansion of term and at last the Prince of Rhetoric and its approach(PbH). In First chapter : I entered in its applications which is the equivalence of two antonyms upon showing the intention by it in language and terminology as it is divided by three parts; the first is real antonyms and the second is metaphor and the third is the equivalence of real antonyms with metaphor antonyms or what is called antonym delusion. Second chapter is about the equivalence of two similarities which is divided by three sections the first was is about the similarity equivalence singular by singular or what is called by the Rhetoric scientists by confusion and the second one is the similarity equivalence sentence by sentence or what is called in the moral creativity ( Al Badee’a) arts by conversion and replacement while the third one is called morale similarity in which the following types of Al Badee’a arts are entered : Consideration the peer, similarity of terms of sentence ( the beginning of the sentence with its end ) and giving sentences of relative meanings ( Tafweef) as I studied all that as it has all its meaning. Third Chapter is about the equivalence of two antonyms which has three pivots the first pivot as the equivalence of negative with positive which is the meaning of negative and positive synonyms and the second pivot is about regression as its meaning is the antonyms and thus I called it the equivalence of antonyms. Third pivot is about the equivalence of two added meaning as a different concept rather than antonyms equivalence. We studied due to the rarity of application on both of them and for other reasons e enlisted in its situ. Last chapter is about with antonyms equivalence including first section. First the apparent antonyms equivalence or moral synonyms and the second one is about the hidden antonyms equivalences ( hidden synonyms) while third one is studied the range of difference of entering two antonyms and added antonyms within it so that the title became added and antonyms confusion equivalence by which the study is concluded. The conclusion or results of the result , it argued the most important points are concluded by the research or study ending with references

جماليات الاستشهاد بالقران الكريم في كتب التراث الادبي العربي

Author name: فرحة عزيز محسن
Supervisor name: حسين عبود حميد الهلالي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Quran citing takes a distinctive status in the critical work due to the great importance in determining the cited situations and matters.The writers s and authors are soncerned with citing at cuIturaI , religious and Literary references ( the aesthetics of citing of holy Quran in the Arab literary legacy books ).There are many reasons motivating the writers and critics to cite from the Quran text. This Quranic citing gives the text beauty and magnificence It heIps to discovere context and posside suggestible relations between terms and meanings. The thesis is divided in to three chapters in adduction a preface in which : it has studied the meaning of citing linguistically and idiomatically and its nature ,its motivtes , its reasons and its. It also contained three chapters. In the first chapter : we have studied the linguistic level in three parts, the first part deals with the grammatical level the second is semantica and third one is with morphological level. In the second chapter : we have studied the rhetorical level in three parts : the first part is Al - Badee'a science matters , the second is graphical matters and the third one is on the semantic matters. For the third chapter we have studied other levels , it has four parts. In first part, we have remedied the religious level. The second was concerned on the political level, third was on the intellectual level and the fourth one related to the social level. in the end we have mentioned the results, findings and research references. After all, in the these efforts, the researcher has not claimed that she reaches to perfection in this thesis, perfection only belongs to Allah.

ملامح الدرامية في شعر الاغتراب النسوي العراقي الحديث == Dramatic Structure In Modern Iraqi Female Poetry Of Expatriation

Author name: جنان عايد محمد الحسيني
Supervisor name: جبار عودة بدن الشحماني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Poetic drama has been an important subject that draws much attention since lyricism has begun to lessen and be replaced by ways of depicting the different problems that people face in their every - day life. Thus , it is necessary that the poet be aware of this change and the relation between drama and poetry. This depends on his / her view of the dimensions and levels of the text in the discourse and his / her recognition of the artistic work he / she is performing and through which the poet embodies the drama that includes conflicting events and persons who make the temporal and spatial frames of the dialogue in its multi - direction aspects. This study is about the dramatic structure in modern Iraqi female poetry of expatriation. Woman is always considered as the weakest and most narcissist creature who attempts to prove her active existence and presence in a narrow - minded society that once cam cells her identity once establishes it depending on her supremecy on man. She is more skillful especially in poetry of expatriation. While she is away from her homeland , she tries to be a part of the reality of expatriation. She expresses that through her sensitivity and warm feelings and , at the same time , is facing the tragic life and the painful reality. Even though , she is the most able to face all types of political , economic and social expatriation in the society. The researcher has noticed a substantial link between the poetic drama and expatriation and to how the Iraqi female poet expresses that in her poetry. This study consists of an introduction , three chapters and a conclusion. The introduction defines drama and expatriation and establishes the origin of the relation between drama and poetry or one side and between expatriation and loneliness on the other to define and limit those notions in their final form in light of modern studies. The researcher also highlights female poetry and how it responds to the situation especially that the Iraqi female poets live outside their country. The question is how able they are to embody the dramatic structure in their poems and to express the feelings of expatriation. Chapter one is made of three sections and discusses elements of the dramatic performance. The three sections are about the dramatic event , the dramatic characters and dialogue and conflict respectively. Chapter two , " Techniques of contemporary poems " , consists of two sections : The disguise on the level of the symbol and the disguise on the level of the myth respectively. Chapter three includes two sections : the first is about place and the second is about time. The conclusion includes the important results of the study ; among which is the overlap of drama and poetry as for as form and content are concerned. The study also reveals the nature of relation between expatriation and loneliness and their effect on those who are expatriated while they are seeking to prove their human existence against conflicts and crises. The female poet finds in her texts an outlet and escape from her expatriation and a reflection of her inside. She is firstly a woman and then she is a poet. She , as a female , has the characteristics of motherhood and homesickness. All that expressed in the dramatic structure of female poetry of expatriation.

الظواهر النحوية القرانية في دراسات المحدثين : دراسة وتقويم == Quranic Grammatical Phenomena In Modern Studies Of The Study And Evaluate

Author name: ميثاق حسن عبد الواحد صالح الصالحي
Supervisor name: سامي علي جبار المنصوري
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This Study Tagged Aimed B (Phenomena Grammatical Koranic In Modern Studies Of The Study And Evaluate) To Determine The Achtgalat Modern Scholars, The Manifestations Of Conformation Stylistic In The Quranic Text Adha, Which Bear The Stamp Of Privacy Morphological Characteristic; As Graphical Models Banner Contrasting Sunan Use - Prevailing, And Graduated From The System Provisions Standard Extrapolated, And Deal With Them In Accordance With The Descriptive And Analytical Approach And Linked By Linguistic Thinking Continued, And Research In Curriculum And Procedural Mechanisms And Characterization Of The Nature Of The Readings Stylistic That Emerge For And Extract Values Done Deliberative, Noting The In - Depth Research And Study Grammatical Features; And Take The Data Derived From The Consideration And Monitoring Standard For Balancing The Trade - Offs Readings Between Symmetric And Converged On The Levels Of Procedural Mechanisms And Values Of Stylistic Reading. And Fall Within The Research Goals System Seek To Identify, Over The Independence Of The Layout Communicative Ultimate Studied The Characteristics Of The Appearance Of Conformation Stylistic, Or Comprehensiveness Communicative System Wide Levels, As Well As Trying To Monitor What Has Been Made Available From The Visions And Ideas Of Descriptive And Therapeutic Theory Procedural Relevant, Broadcast In The Literature General Linguistic Studies ; Being Supplements Methodology Unavoidable In A Statement Foundations And Mptnaat Layout Atypical And Clarify Pillars, Finishing In Chapter Calendar To Read The Research Characteristics Of The Studies Modernist And Her Trial, In Light Of What Was Produced By The Data Results That Include Their Values On The Report Of The Advantages Of Congruence Between The Observed Study And Content Address, And Discuss The Attributes Applied Models Employee And Note Expressive Space Properties Relying On Them To Verify Their Eligibility To Embody The Contents Of Common And Regularities, And The Identification Of The Corresponding Winning My Space Between The Theory And Application Potential. The Characteristics Of The Stylistic Reading And Measuring BOUND Borders Functional Area The Model For Levels Share A Clear, From The System Finality To Study Values; Being Of Attention And Care Priorities In The Perspective Of The Research Methodology, And Then Pointing Approach Literacy Site Within The Limits Of Linguistic Advantages Stylistic, The Level Of The Approach Of Synthetic Target.

الاليات النظرية لتحليل الخطاب في ضوء التداولية == The Theoretical Mechanisms Used For Analysing Discourse In The Light Of Pragmatics

Author name: حليم موسى كاظم
Supervisor name: محمد عبد كاظم
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: In the seventies of the previous century, linguistics of discourse emerged in reaction to Ferdinand de Saussure's linguistic theories, especially his dichotomies, which studied the internal core of language and neglected “speaking,” i.e. the use of language. De Saussure considered “speaking” as an outsider from the domain of language and this is why he was considered as the father of formalism. Then, linguists shifted their attention to studying the practical facet of ordinary language; i.e. language used in social, historical, cultural, ceremonial, and doctrinal contexts. Accordingly, pragmatics appeared in the second half of the twentieth century.Pragmatics is a philosophical theory that focuses on the principle of use, advantage, and materialism. Though it was theorized by philosophers of different orientations, it is established due to the theories of the philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce and the additions of Charles Morris. However, it becomes clearer in the studies of ordinary language philosophers who are labeled as the Philosophers of Oxford; a group of philosophers who were influenced by Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein's Analytic Philosophy. Wittgenstein also influenced John Austin who attempted to refute the logical binary of saying truth and lying in judging things. Ordinary language philosophers considered language as a means to describe, amend, and change reality. Then, they regarded it as a tool that does linguistic performances. This tendency was adopted by some philosophers after Austen. Paul Grice presented his theory of conversation and interaction rules in addition to cooperative principle among speakers. John Searle, then, completed Austin's theory and developed Speech Act Theory, i.e. how to perform deeds via language using performative verbs.In this study, the researcher has chosen this area of study for its importance in analyzing discourses since analysis previously focused on exploring and deconstructing the internal core of language. This study, being a contemporary one, serves as a link with modern linguistic thoughts and products which open the door for studying Arabic, especially in old sources, because studying the books of old Arabs would show that they had used pragmatic mechanisms theoretically and practically in notion but not in term. This appears in their devotion to the context in which the Holy Quran was descended and the speaker's intentions when they spoke about the difference between utterance and concept. Besides, their studies encompass other epistemological fields such as eloquence, philosophy … etc. This study aims at exploring the mechanisms used for analyzing a pragmatic discourse. In other words, it aims at studying language in context and use.To achieve this aim, the study is divided into four chapters and a conclusion. In Chapter One, a definition is given to the main terms of the title; i.e. discourse, discourse analysis, and pragmatics. Also, an opinion of some researchers about the term “discourse” is presented. Defining “discourse analysis” says much about the concept of analysis and the shift from analyzing the linguistic structure into analyzing the circumstances in which it is said; i.e. speaker, listener, time, place, channel of commutation, context … etc. Similarly, defining pragmatics says much about its different analyzing mechanisms, its diverse theories, and the influence of other areas of knowledge upon it. In Chapter Two, Speech Act Theory is explained. Also, verbs are received a classification and a study is conducted about analyzing the pragmatic meaning. In Chapter Three, the mechanisms used to analyze meaning in the light of Paul Grice's Theory of Conversation are detailed. Also, an explanation is given about levels of discourse, its intentions, presupposition, and conversational implicature. Finally, in Chapter Four, the basic functions of pragmatic discourse, among them are communicative function, contextual function, argumentational function, are discussed. It is worth mentioning that argumentation is a pragmatic theory that has nothing to do with Aristotle's logical argumentation which is related to old eloquence in addition to speeches, and entered into the domain of linguistic study thanks to Oswald Ducrot's researchers.Finally, the conclusion sums up the following conclusions : - The pragmatic mechanisms in analyzing a discourse are an extended pattern which aims at exploring the performative meanings and intentions depending upon shared knowledge among speakers and social contexts. They also aim at exploring customs, doctrines, and ceremonies. - Language cannot perform actions by itself. In other words, it does not have the performative ability because the matter is related to man and his personal action. Hence, language is just a means for performance

الاخر في الشعر المهجري : دراسة في ضوء النقد الثقافي == The Other In The Immigration Poetry : A Study In The Light Of Cultural Criticism

Author name: احمد طعمة حرب
Supervisor name: حسين عبود حميد الهلالي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This Dissertation , entitled ( The Other in Immigration Poetry : A Study in the Light of Cultural Criticism ) , deals with the theme of " The types , Ways of its construction , how far do culture , religious and literary authorities impact its construction. It tries to discover the cultural patterns involved in the aesthetic aspects that contributed in the deterioration of the image of " The Other " , and made the poetic discourse suffer from contradiction , where it shows all that is beautiful and human , but it conceals too much ugliness and non - human intentions.This dissertation uncovers that immigration poets are interested in the aesthetic aspects rather than human aspects. Moreover , it shows how critics contributed in justifying and beautifying this discourse in such an exaggerate way.It falls into three chapters preceded by an introduction and followed by conclusions. Chapter one falls into three sections ;section one deals with the term of " The Other " linguistically and terminologically as well as the impact of the Arabic and Western cultures and religion on its formation ; section two dealt with the image of cultural criticism , its nature , its relation with other approaches and its merits and demerits ; section three was about the cultural authorities of immigration poetry and their role in forming the image of " The Other ".Chapter two is entitled The Recombinant Other. It falls into five sections , the first of which dealt with The National other , the second dealt with The Divine Other , the third introduced The Woman as being considered The Other , the fourth tackled Nature , the fifth is devoted to the transformations of The Recombinant.Chapter Three is entitled " The Different Other ". It is divided into five sections , section one dealt with The National other , section two talked about The Different other in color and religion , section three sheds light on The Invisible other , section four is devoted to The Defiled Other , the fifth section studied the transformations of The Different.In the conclusion we stated the most important results that we reached at. Finally the researcher does not claim having done a thorough study that deals with everything about the topic ; it's a mere try to study the topic.

سورة هود : دراسة في مستويات البناء == Surat Houd A Study In Syntax Levels

Author name: منى زيدان ذياب صالح المشهداني
Supervisor name: عبد الله محمود طه المولى
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Al Mosul - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Mosul
First pages:
Abstract: ان الدراسات التي تناولت القران الكريم كثيرة ولا تحصى، لكونه نصا فريدا، وبناؤه محكم متلاحم الاجزاء واسلوبه معجز، مثل بناؤه جانبا مهما من جوانب اعجازه، سواء اكان باستعمال اللغة وتوظيفها توظيفا يبهر فحول البلاغة، ام بقصصه التي ضمت بنيات متنوعة جاءت بكل | Studies that dealt with the Holy Quran are much and countless, for It is a unique text, coherently constructed and with miraculous style. Since It has represented an important side of its inimitability, either through using the language and employing it to daze the eloquence laureates, or with its stories which contained different constructions with wonderful things which remained forever by the Holy Quran, so that to be as a lesson or an example. I were deeply interested in studying a subject deals with the Holy Quran and relates to one of Its secrets, so I chose (Surat Houd - A study in Syntax Levels), and I have realized from the beginning the importance of this subject, and the accuracy in determining the remarkable criterion, which have formed a distinguished stylistic remark in the text of sura. Another reason made me to keep searching, is that the term construction represents the most distinguished features of the Holy Quran, and it is one of the terms that got a wide dispute in the critical and literary studies which have dealt with the Quranic text with studying and analysis. After I have finished selecting this subject, I decided to analyze the Quranic verses, that represented practical examples of the stylistic criterion related to the research's subject, depending mainly on the critical curricula, and guiding by the rhetorical analysis. It is worthy mentioning to refer to the most important books which I have used in my research practically and theoretically : The Holy Quran Interpretations, the old and modern Arabic dictionaries, as well as the rhetorical and stylistic books, especially the poetic stylistic books - a reading in Mahmood Hassan Ismaeel's poetry, Dr. Ashtar Dawood Mohammad. Also I have to refer to the most important Quranic academic studies which preceded me in this regard and which I have made use of them in my research : * Surat Al - kahif - A stylistic study - Master thesis, Wasan Abdul Ghani * Speech levels in the Quranic story - Ph.D. thesis - Faiza Mohammad. Regarding the most important problems I have faced in this research, most of them are related to the dispute about the construction term, as well as, the difficulty in getting the modern sources in the modern Quranic studies, especially the ones which have dealt with time in the Holy Quran, where they are little and rare, where the researcher has spent more effort to get them.After relying on Allah, and completing the general form of the subject, I have found the necessity of settling a suitable plan for the applied procedure in this study, so I have chosen the following plan : The research consists of an introduction, a preface, four chapters, a conclusion, an index of resources and contents, and an abstract in English language. The preface has been divided into two axes, the first one deals with Surat Houd, where I have explained its revealing order, numbers of verses, aim and reasons of revelation. The second axis deals with the concept of construction in the Holy Quran due to the ancients and modernists. The first chapter has dealt with studying the phonetic level, it has been divided into three parts : * The first part deals with comas harmony and its effect on the phonetic construction.* The second part deals with the phonetic equivalence.* The third part deals with the phonetic assemblies. The second chapter has dealt with the dictionary level, it has been divided into two parts : * The first part deals with studying the dictionary function of the title's construction.* The second part deals with studying the dictionary function of the great figures constructions. The third chapter has dealt with time sign of the structural constructions, it has been divided into two axes : * Verbs constructions.* Negative and interrogative constructions The fourth chapter has dealt with the semantic level, it has been divided into two parts : * The first part deals with the semantic similarity order.* The second part deals with the semantic adjacent order. At the end of this trip, the researcher thanks the Prof. Dr. (Abdullah Mahmood Al - Moula) who have the honor to supervise this thesis, where he has taken the responsibility of this long trip with his guidance and advice. My thanks are also go to my teaching staff in Department of Arabic Language / College of Arts, and for everyone who guided me and helped me in this research, may Allah accepts from me, thank for Him at the beginning and at the end.

تقنيات السينما في الرواية العربية 2000 - 2015 == Cinematic Techniques In The Arabic Novel From (2000 - 2015)

Author name: جبار سلطان حسن
Supervisor name: يوسف محمد جابر اسكندر
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The Arabic novel with its regional orientation has not been isolated from the novel in general, since it employs a lot of cinematic techniques, proving, meanwhile, that it is open to other arts, keeping up the vibe of renewal and development, because many writers wrote with cinematic awareness and cinematic technique. This elicited the researcher to delve deeper into the effort found in the novels to achieve new modes of expression, which rely heavily on the image and the cinematic formation to maintain the tools to elevate the narrative speech, granting it the necessary narrative identity, which is featured with innovation and high narrative performance. The study is preceded by a forward, which tackles the definitions of concepts that are relevant to the study such as technicality, the concept of cinema, its techniques, and its impact on the Arabic novel. It also highlights the term "New Arabic Novel", and the classification of the novels under study according to it. Examining eventually the studied novels and the criteria of selecting them. The study falls into three chapters beginning with theoretic entries giving sufficient idea about each technology. The first chapter highlights the scenario. It is divided into two sections; the first includes types of scenario in the Arabic novel; the second is about the elements of scenario in the Arabic novel. The second chapter highlights the functions of the camera put into application. It falls into three main sections; the first tackles the corners of the camera, the second tackles the movement of the camera and its steadiness, and the third tackles the duration of the shots. The third chapter discusses the impact of montaging on the Arabic novel. It is divided into two main sections; the first is entitled "The Narrative Montage in the Novel in its Four Types : Horizontal, Reverse, Parallel, and Alternative Montage"; while the second tackles the Expressive Montage in the novel in its two types : the ideological and the rhythmic. The Conclusion sums up the findings of the research and the proposed recommendations.

شرح شواهد شرح ابن الناظم للسيد محمد بن علي الموسوي العاملي (ت1075هـ) : دراسة وتحقيق == Sharih Shawahid Of Sharih Ibn An - Nadhim

Author name: محمد علي هوبي جواد
Supervisor name: خميس عبد الله علي التميمي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Thanks be to Allah and the best of prayers upon his prophet, Abi Al - Qasim Mohammed and his Household members and his companions, and everyone who followed the same path as they did. Due to the importance of a syntactic model for grammarians, as grammar has been built on it and syntactic rules have been derived from it, in addition to being the arbitrator for every dispute or disagreement arising between the various, numerous syntactic schools. This reasons, among many, made syntactic models their point of focus. They collect, arranged and explained these models for those interested in syntax, thus creating a new profession and a new discipline of syntactic study, named Syntactic Models Interpretation. AlSaayid Al - Amili's Book falls within this category, as it explained Ibn Al - Nadhim Models used for explaining his father's Alfiya. The reason I chose investigation for my doctorate dissertation is to pick up where I left off in my master study, where I investigated Mussa Bin Azeez Allah Al - Musawi AlJaza’ir’sLisan Al - Muta’ilimeen. I wished to walk down a similar path and master this aspect, an art that needed earnestness, perseverance, and effort; all of whom are sources of joy. Furthermore, this type of study bears a great scientific value in resurrecting our heritage, which has waited long for such resurrection. The most important causes for my choosing this book were the newness rarely found in books of the same category. This is shown in the Book Value heading of the second section in chapter two; its connection with Ibn Al - Nadhum's explanation of his father's Alfiya. The study methodology required that the study was to be divided into two parts : the first, the study part, consisted of four chapters preceded by a preface giving a brief description of the most important notions of this dissertation. The dissertation ends with a conclusion presenting the most notable results reached by this study. As regards the chapters titles and sections, the first one is entitled (Ibn Al - Nadhim and Al - Saayid Al - Amili, and Ibn AlNadhim Models Explanation). It consists of two sections : the first dealt with everything related to Al - Sayid Al - Amili - academic and personal résumé - while the second is used to Al - SayidAlAmili book - its title, attribution, motives for writing, general and special methodology, and other matters. Chapters two and three are devoted for studying the syntactic issues found in the book. Thus, chapter two was entitled “His Syntactic Replies and Preferences”, each of the two aspects of the title was allotted its own section. A number of the issues related to each title are studied and discussed as the study methodology requires. Chapter three, “His Syntactic Views and His Attitude towards the Two Schools”, consists also of two sections. The first one is devoted to his syntactic views, whether they are solely his or are joint with others, while the second dealt with some issues of controversy between the schools of grammar : Basrah School and Kufa School, which were mentioned by Al - Sayid, showing his stands towards them and his syntactic inclinations. Chapter four, “Badr Al - Deen Al - Aini's and Al - Sayid Al - Amili's Explanations : Comparative Study”, consisted of three sections, preceded by a briefing about Al - Aini's life and his book “Fara’id Al - Qala’id”. Section one succinctly discusses the two books mentioned in the chapter title, while making a simple comparison between the two to pinpoint how the former impacted the latter. The second section is devoted for the study of a number of the objections raised by Al - Sayid Al - Amili to AlAini, in accordance with scientific research requirements. Finally, in section three some of Al - Aini's ideas that were inaccurately understood by Al - Amili, with the latter's point of view corrected by proof. The second part of the study contained the investigated script and everything related to it. The latter are divided into two sections : the first provides a description of all the manuscripts found by the investigator, whether incorporated in the investigation or not; whereas the second is used to present the methodology adopted by the investigator and the mechanism used to bring out the final product to the reader. This is given by presenting three copies of each manuscript used in the investigation. The dissertation is concluded by the bibliography and the abstract in English. The most notable difficulties and problems faced while preparing this dissertation can be summarized by the following : not finding the copy written by the author, wrongly attributing a number of manuscripts to the author by some scholars. The latter was especially problematic. I went out of my way to prove them wrong. Another problem was the large number of the author's manuscripts, which made it difficult to select the best ones. Furthermore, the material was large, extensive, and varied. Despite of all of these difficulties, the researcher saved no effort to complete the work in the best manner possible. All credit should be attributed to Almighty Allah what whom without his providence I would not have accomplished any of that. Thanks and praise to no one but Allah. Thanks to Allah first and last, may Allah prayers be upon his Prophet Mohammed, and his infallible Household members

السلب في اللغة العربية == Detraction In Arabic

Author name: غانم عبد الحسن رداد
Supervisor name: مجيد نوط عبيد الشمري
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study deals with the aspects of detraction in Arabic language on two levels : the vocabulary and the structural. The research has found out that detraction is a nothingness meaning referring to diminution or completion where there are linguistic aspects in Arabic language that detract the diminution and turn it into completion and vice versa. The pioneer to use the term of detraction was Al - Khaleel bin Ahmed Al - Farahidi in the second century of Hijra. Since that time, no one has ever dealt with the term till the fourth century of Hijra where it was renewed by a linguist named Ibn Jini. Ibn Jini has assigned a special chapter to the term in one of his books entitled (Chapter in Detraction). Since then, the term has become popular and grown and broadened. Another factor which had a role in the growing of the term was the meaning of detraction coming from the Greek philosophy at the time of cultural connection between Arabic and Greek cultures. In the light of the duality of (the existence or nothingness) or (diminution and completion), linguistic detraction has been found in many linguistic fields other than Arabic such as : philosophy, psychology, speech act and anthropology. These fields have been great help in studying linguistic detraction deeply regardless any specific linguistic approach taking advantage of the descriptive, normative, historical and comparative approach. The study is divided into a Preface showing the two aspects of detraction : Existence and Nothingness. Three chapters are followed : Chapter One studies the meaning of detraction and its problem, Chapter Two tackles the singular detraction and Chapter Three deals with the structural detraction.

بلاغة المقموعين من الاجراء الى التنظير حتى نهاية القرن السادس الهجري

Author name: محمد ياسر فراك الغرابي
Supervisor name: وسن صالح حسين
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

القرائن واثرها في توجيه المعنى في تفسير البسيط للواحدي == The Presumptions And Its Effect In Directing Meaning With Reference To The Tefseer Al - Baseet For Al Wahidi

Author name: حامد حسين حنيحن طعمة الشريفي
Supervisor name: رجاء خلف عواد التكريتي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The Doctorate degree in Arabic and its literature needs many requirements like this research. The theory of the "presumptions support" that Dr. Tammam Hassan puts, new studies appeared and affected with these presumptions. These new studies demon started their impacts in old linguistic studies. Among the old scientists recognized them and incorporate that in their compilation. That resulted in making them a large scientific field in which many studiers and researchers came in. One of those was al - Wahidi the owner of the three explanation : Concise, Intermediate, and Simple. In the simple explanation "the research field" Al - Wahidi recognized the most of those presumptions and he didn't depend only on the "Al - E'arab presumption". Once he used the presumptions clearly. And an other time he indicate them. For example ,some text can not be explained except that explanations depend on the presumptions like traditions and habits as in demonstrating the meaning, and the relation between the pilgrimage (hajj) and coming to the houses from their doors as it is in surah. Al - baqarah, the explanation was according to those traditions which the Arabic community followed in the ignorant age. One of the current age feature is the study in that field thereby various studies appeared and demon started that the presumptions have got effects in their fields. The scientists distributed the presumptions according to what their studies need. But I found that the best distribution could be four fold, to beghn with the word and what happen on it as : E'arab, Tanween, and Harmony. Then some words demand to accompany other words, and also the effect of the words nearness with other words. Afterwards, we come out to what surround these words. The title of the thesis "its field was the simple explanation" was the presumptions and its effect in directing meaning with the reference to the Tafseer al - Baseet for Al - Wahidi (died in 468 H). The thesis was organized into : foreword, introduction, four units and conclusion.For word : As a fore word ,I dealt with the reasons of selecting the subject, the difficulties I found in selecting the subject, the borders of the research, besides the references. Introduction : in the introduction, I talked about the notion of presumption, the meaning in language and convention, and their kinds. I didn’t talk about the book and its author, But they are two large fields for detailed studies, several researchers wrote about them such as those investigators in the author's book, (the simple explanation) headed them.Units : The units are as follows : Unit one : verbal presumptions, I talked about the presumptions which its performance can be in pronunciation like construction , in other words, the word and the effects happen for it. and I distributed this unit into five topics : conjugation construction, E'arab mark, tanueen, harmony, and stopping. Unit two : The presumptions depend on the relations among the words, in this unit , I talked about the presumptions where the words have got relation with the nearby words, their meaning can be got by these words. Each presumption needs connection between two linguistic elements, in other words, the two parts of the sentence demand , each one another in the same sentence or near it, for example : the verb needs the subjects and the preposition needs the noun comes after it that is for demonstration not for enumeration. These presumptions are for : Corres pondence, means, solidarity, connection and rank. Unit three : Incorporeal presumptions, the talking was about the group of presumptions that disclose the contextual relations among the parts of the sentence, therefore this unit was divided into : support presumption, specialty presumption, proportion, and subordination presumption.Unit four : Current Presumptions, The talking was about the group of presumptions that enter the stage of the linguistic text. They deal with the circumstances and the atmospheres that surround the sentence or the text and in which the text was be said. These presumptions can be occurred out the linguistic text where the text born in them. There is no relation between them and the text words excluding the circumstances that surround the to distinct and demonstrate it. Its distribution was as follows : the reasons of the descent ,prophetic hadith tradition and physical movements.As for conclusion… It contained the results that appeared during the research. and grace of Allah to whom be ascribed all perfection and majesty ,that the supervisor on this research is our professor ,Dr.Raja'a khalaf awad al - Tikrity who covered me with her grace and her guiding ,then, she didn't scant me with her advise and instructions.she endured a lot of troubles allah rewards her and bestow upon her with plentiful graces. and praise be to god! thank god.

ابستيمولوجيا علم التصريف العربي == Epistemology Of Science Of Arabic Morphology

Author name: جاسم صادق غالب الموسوي
Supervisor name: حامد ناصر عبود الظالمي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

نثر الامام الحسين (عليه السلام) : دراسة تحليلية في جمالية بنية النص == Imam Hussein's Prose : An Analytical Study At The Aesthetic Structure Of The Text

Author name: حيدر محمود شاكر حبيب
Supervisor name: نضال ابراهيم ياسين
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The aesthetic studies are seen as one of the attempts to investigate the textual structure in the modern criticism. These analyses disclose the relationship between elements of the text and how they are interrelated. Accordingly, the present study entitled Emam Hussein's Prose : an Analytical Study of the Aesthetic Structure of the Text is concerned with the aesthetic, speculative and interpretive analyses in an attempt to pick out those aesthetic aspects and relations from the prospect of their concordance, order, adjacency and similarity. At the same time, these studies reveal the non - correspondences and antitheses of these aesthetical signs of the text.The study falls into six chapters, distributed throughout two parts. The first part comprises three chapters. The first one is an introduction to the aesthetics and textual structure in the contemporary criticism presenting a number of different views about the aestheticism. The second chapter is concerned with the aesthetics of lexical patterns in the texts as being used in Emam Hussein's prose writing and how critics have analysed these patterns. The third chapter discusses the aesthetical applications of the lexical patterns in the contemporary criticism. The second part is also composed of three chapters. The first one is concerned with discussing the aesthetics of similarity or conformity and adjacency and collocation in modern criticism as far as Emam Hussein's prose is concerned. The second chapter presents the aesthetics of the structure of condensing and the nature of its formation in rhetoric and criticism as well as how it is represented in Emam Hussein's prose. The third chapter argues the aestheticism of rhymed prose. and assonance in modern criticism and in Emam Hussein's prose.

سور الحواميم القرانية : دراسة في دلالة البنية والتركيب == Qur'anic Surahs Of Hawameem A Study In Semantics Of Structure And Composition

Author name: عبد الرحمن فرهود جساس الزيرجاوي
Supervisor name: فاخر هاشم سعد الياسري
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The choice of studying these holy surahs is not for that they have bonds among each other in terms of shape, as they begin in chopped letters, for example, but for that they have objective unity, the homogeneity of its discourse, and matching of its styles, as if it is a one surah , while every one of them keep a distinguishing character. These surahs (some chapters of holy Quran) reflect the evolution of the meanings that have come out of the Islamic mission and the development of the activities of mission itself in Mecca, how they were received ,accepted and rejected. It is a period focused on that there were two conflicting groups, a group of believers and the other of unbelievers. The discourse was centered upon the bases in the conflict with the unbelievers, about the controversy and protest on the basis of religion, of the doctrine of monotheism in its various dimensions, and the prophecy, the holy Quran, revelation, and the resurrection, and the attempts to persuade whether by intimidation, threats and warnings, or by guidance and direction. And through the Qur'anic discourse and its methods in these sura, the positions of two teams unfolded in detail, showing how Quranic text has entered the element of controversy, and to a large extent, the history by using Quranic stories. There is no doubt that the above characteristics in the sura were reflected in morphological features of the structure and its synthetic. so, the approach of studying them based on the element of choice, according to what the researcher sees of characteristics for structures and compositions chosen, so that they could form a prominent feature unfolding its aesthetics, and its impact on the receiver.The study divided into two parts with four chapters, the first part singled out to discuss the morphological structure, linking between them and the implications of its acoustic semantics on the basis of the principle of integrity between the two structures. The sounds represent the essential components of morphological structure. This part came in two chapters, preceded by a prelude represented a theoretical concise highlighting the importance of morphological structure in linguistic studies of both ancient and modern, as well as showing their relationship to levels of the other language. The first chapter was devoted to the structure of verbs, as the first title dealt with the augmented structure of them, because they are not limited to lexical meanings, but the augment in them refers to signs pointing to the specificity of the holy Sura studied.The second title of the act was devoted to passive and the contexts of its use where as the second chapter discusses names structure, starting with the structure of sources, trilateral and Quartet, the augmented and unaugmented, then came the active participle, and exaggerated structure. the chapter ended with adjective.

الثنائيات الضدية في شعر ابي العلاء المعري : دراسة اسلوبية

Author name: علي عبد الامام مهلهل الاسدي
Supervisor name: نضال ابراهيم ياسين
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

تحول الخطاب الروائي في العراق : دراسة في الشكل == Change ( Shift, Turn Alteration ) Of The Novel Speech In Iraq (Study Of Morphology )

Author name: مشتاق سالم عبد الرزاق
Supervisor name: ضياء راضي محمد الثامري
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Thanksfullness of God of all God 's Pray on the prophet Mohammed the last sender and prophet of God. As well as his family members and his colleague. All human studies surrounded by the human mind and thinking and its descended which give different sort of vision of all fields of science and knowledge of humanity especially the literary side of it. This form and shape the creativity and criticism of mankind. which was and still has the completion stickled and connected to it from the time of until the Hanz Robert saying through which the researcher built this thesis.The Hnze Robert saying describes the relationship between production and recipient as the legend ( enemy brothers) and he has gone further to see the descendant of the legend from the beginning of Marks and finishing with italo Calvino the author of the well - known Novel ( If I was Travelling through a rainy Night ) which Hanz benefit from going through the Novel a lot to explain and declare ) a lot of his thoughts and ideas about the production and the receiving. And from his going through the whole of this Novel and their heroes and stars ( flanrry ) he was able to see the close relationship between time of writing and time of reading without worry of emptiness.The search in the scope of the Novel was compressive as comprehensive of literature that can contain all subjects as the psycharistics Doctor Fruid when he practice his theory on the novels of Dystoviscky and other novels. Many studies appeared later shared to in rich this field of knowledge such as Romantics studies and classical studies and many other studies showing pioneer attempts to discover the nature and essence of the world and followed by many literals ( verbal ) schools according to suggestions of the critics Pectin and Tudororoff as well as the formality schools which they take it as the starting point of their mythology. many other subjects in rich this world upon his fullness of human crisis and human cognitive.This did not stop at this point of those intellectual thinkers and critical but expanded to contain more cognitive and phenomenon as the occupancy echo phenomenon in the novel field of which was suggested by Julia Christina in the literature field or the ideas suggested by Foco which he publicized and employed by other critics and learners of Noval on cognitive basics evaluated for the human mind and his ability to understand those basics.We choose the formality phenomenon as away to study which has the ability upon other phenominons as the linguistic phenomenon or the litriture phenomenon upon studying in which The research depend upon unformal way as in Novel setting up by LizaKasim and Novel formality setting up by Hassan Bahrawee and The noval text lay down by hamid Al - Hamdany and the Arabic Noval art (technical ) setting up in Iraq by Shujaa Muslim Al - Any and many others that in rich this side of the branch of those studies.The first chapter This research depend on the way to connect between all approaches and phenomenon and ideologies to enable the critical mind to penetrate these formal ideology to employ these theories and ideologies on bases thinking according to the principle of those theories and help showing these theories in new look which is great different from its classical look. In another word, the research will study the formal content of in each stage of the critical phenomenon stages as vertical study and tosee how these ideology work in which will make it clear to see the difference from the speech in the two big stages; the recentness speech and the after recentness speech , as well as showing the speech befote recentness ( actual speech ) which look to the novel speech as real and horizontally. that is the speech will look to a community or group of community The second

شعرية النثر العباسي

Author name: هالة فتحي كاظم السعد
Supervisor name: مزهر عبد موزان السوداني | فهد محسن فرحان
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

نظرية النحو العربي ومناهج الدرس اللغوي الحديث

Author name: عبد علي صبيح خلف
Supervisor name: سامي علي جبار المنصوري
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Language is the tool for expressing and understanding in the societies. By the language, we can express about our needs and our desires and can show others our feelings and our senses. Language is the basic element in society and we can consider it as the active tool for developing and growing the society.At any period of the time, the language is the clear mirror of society which reflects the life of this society. The 20th century had the distinguished action on in linguistic and structural fields, and it considers on these studies to produce the different methods. The grammarians' studies took two different attitudes in the grammar field, include : The traditional attitude and the modern one ( deals with grammar in English methods).It is clear, the researchers had the different situations towards this matter. A number of them depended on ancient inherited and neglected one. And another party of them saw that the Arabic grammar should have modern view.We should mention that the material of research in located on the reported descriptive system for the linguistic phenomena.This thesis includes four chapters and conclusion.Chapter one, includes the establishing and completing period, reasons for establishment of grammar, its history and its developments and grammatical schools.Chapter two deals with the linguistic methods and their impact in building the Arabic grammar (comparative historical methods)These methods show the ways in Arabic grammatical studies and clarify the development of the studies which consider on its base, then offers the same answers for solving the problems which relate with parsing, sentence and its references with times, the descriptive methods and its position from the problems and components.This chapter show many sides of Chomsky's theory, its stages and the transformational rules which used for transforming the sentences, also it deals with function according to Prague school and functional attitudes which have offered by Firth.The third chapter offers the restrictions in grammar : parts of speech which presented the dispute point among the classical and modern grammarians.The fourth chapter deals with sides of Arabic application attempts which aim to describe the Arabic grammar on transformational grammar rules.The conclusion includes the important results for the research

الاجمال والتفصيل في التعبير القراني : دراسة في الدلالة القرانية

Author name: سيروان عبد الزهرة هاشم الجنابي
Supervisor name: عبد الكاظم محسن كاظم الياسري
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: If each research should be based on general hypotheses, this research has been based on central hypotheses : A - What is the exact meaning of the summarized? And do the scientists differ according to their knowledge specializations that meaning or concept? And does the summarized limited to the single term or does it transit to the construction also as well as the linguistic construction, i.e, does it lay on its general significance.B - The quranic performance of significance is either a general obscure or partial limited, as mentioned by most of the books of the sciences of quran. With the general concept, represented by the summarization, absolution and generalization, the researcher tried to find the differences and similarities among them in tools, content and significance inquiring whether this difference is applying on what opposite them i.e., elaboration, specialization and restriction.C - If the researchers have elaborated in explaining the tools of generalization and absolution, they have left us the favor of discovering the tools of summarization. So they obliged us with a scientific duty to find out the tools of summarization and the tools of elaboration to be coincide with their efforts in verifying and adjusting the tools of generalization and absolution, and the tools of specialization and restriction.D - The researcher tries to get a clear perfectness for clarifying the concept of elaboration and elaborated and the parts or division of each one, and find out the differences and similarities between elaboration, on a hand, and restriction and specialization, on another hand, as tools of clarifying in the holy quranic text.E - The researcher tries to pick up the detailed clarifying tools for the summarized and inquiring : does the elaboration come in text which has a summarized only? Or does it come in a separate text. And what are the significances of that elaboration and its effect in supporting the quranic significance. F - The researcher also wants to be satisfied with a question of whether the summarized is submitted to the factor of its meaning's interpretation and preferness, so perseverance will be a kind of its elaborating exhibit? Or it is out of the interpretation scope.The researcher gets a group results throughout his research, some of which are : 1 - The researcher finds that the summarization does not exist only within the single term, but it transits to the construction. Some of the linguistic construction comes summarized with obscure significance, and none of the linguists or rhetoricians had mentioned it, while the grammarians the great favor in clarifying this kind of summarization and exhibiting its concept and exemplified it.2 - The researcher finds that summarization does not share the linguistic construction in its general significance only, it exist also in the relation between the subject and predicate, which will be obscure and needs to be clarified.3 - The researcher was able to find out the point of coincidence between the concept of the summarized, on a hand, and the concepts of the absolute and the general on the other hand, in terms of obscurity, comprehension and significance association. Then he clarified the point of difference among the terms so he identified each concept. 4 - The researcher finds that the definites which are means of clarification of speech may have summarization so it will be of obscure significance, so it will turn into a means of obscurity.5 - The researcher finds that the indefinite that refers to absolution when it comes in affirmative context may come summarized in the same affirmative context, when the indefinite term refers to (a noun) not to an essence.6 - The researcher finds out that the restriction and specialization which are means of clarifying meaning may come summarized and obscure so they will need the explanation of the elaborated, so this elaborated summarized will be more elaborated than the absolute restriction or the general specialization. 7 - The researcher distinguishes between the elaboration on a hand, and the restriction and specialization on the other hand, and finds that elaboration clarifies significance more than the other kinds, followed by restriction, and specialization comes at the end of the rhetorical order of the rhetorical tools or means. The researcher also distinguishes elaboration, restriction and specialization, and shows the point of similarity and coincidence among them. 8 - The researcher finds that elaboration has tools or means by which it is defined in a speech, and elaborations may come as a single term like (in), (differentiation) and (substitution), and it may come also as a complete sentence like the sentence of the whole substitution from the whole, and that the elaboration come in the speech in two types, it may be connected comes directly after the summarized in the same text, or it may be separated comes in another text like the quran elaboration for the quran summarization or the sunna (prophetic law) elaboration for the quran summarization. 9 - The researcher finds out some of the elaborated comes to clarify a summarized term precedes it, and some comes to clarify a summarized sentence precedes it, and here the elaborated will either clarify the rate of the preceded sentence if it is summarized or it will clarify the sentence significance without its rate. 10 - Finally, the researcher reaches a state of satisfaction that the receiver cannot elaborate the summarized, it is the speaker who does so, and no one has the right of perseverance and knowledge to which it aims. Recommendation : The researcher recommends to study the terms of researches and studies for the principles which should be of the subjects that the specialists should study, because studying and understanding these subjects enable them to analysize the quranic text exactly and it is the specialist of Arabic language was able to do so the other texts will be easier. These efforts, also, should be subjects for the master and the Ph.D (doctorate) degree (of Arabic Language) stages, at least in its significance scope, to develop these studies or to use it as a base, or to compare it with the modern and contemporary linguistic studies.

الجواز والمنع في كتاب الاصول في النحو لابن السراج (ت 316 هـ) == Permission And Prevention In Al - Usulfi Al.Naho For Ibn Al - Siraj (D. 3L6 A.H.)

Author name: صادق فوزي دباس النجادي
Supervisor name: عبد الكاظم محسن كاظم الياسري
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The student of Arabic Language becomes acquainted with many of the linguistic phenomena of the four types : phonetics, syntax, semantics and declension through which he can establish a solid linguistic thought. Of these phenomena are the linguistic rules whichhave a great role in many aspects where the linguists and grammarians, who were interested in the sound speech, correct the speakers of the Quran's language.Of these rules I discussed the rules of prevention and permission which I studied depending on (Al - Osul fi Al - Nahu) by Ibn seraj (died in 316 A.H) for its scientific value and for containing the approach of both schools Al - Basrah and Al - Kufa.The nature of this research involved to be devided into two parts, each of which dealt with one of the mentioned rules. The first chapter is dedicated to permission which came in three chapters. As for the first one, it dealt with phonetic permission which included substitute, assimilation, inflections and el - imala.The second chapter is about the inflectional permission which included pluralizing, duatling femining forms and diminutive.The third chapter is grammatical permission which includes uninflectioning and inflectioning.The inflectioning included the nominatives, genitives accusatives, adverbs and adjectives, while the un - inflectioning included nouns, verbs and articles.The second part is about prevention which also included three chapters, first of which is phonetic prevention including substitution, assimilation and el - imala.The second is diptote declension which included the same themes included in diptote prevention.The third chapter is grammatical prevention which included the inflections and uninflections and all their contents. These parts are preceded by a preface in which I mensioned prevention and permission and their concet in the language and the reason they emerged. A conclusion following the two parts included the most significant results which the researcher reached depending on old and modern references those results are : - 1) Ibn Siraj used many ways of permission and prevention, this is aproof that the Arabic language is very comprehensive.2) Many of the linguistic and grammatical rules could be based on the Quran alone because it is obvious and it needs no discussion or argument but they depended on their standards related to the grammatical issues and they do not quote from the HolyQuran because it is very obvious. Even if they do not depend on it, they build the grammatical base on Quran and they provide examples from Quran to enhance their rules and whenever something in the Quran is against what they believe they try tointerpret it in a way that suits them. As for me I demand rewriting the grammar rules according to what cam in the Quran. I advise my colleagues of researchers to overcome the dispute among the grammatical schools because it is only a dispute over the rule written by the grammarian, if we only take a closer look we will see that there is dispute even among the grammarians of the same school and the same era, so it is better to study the difference and similarity of the same school

المعنى في النقد العربي القديم حتى نهاية القرن السابع الهجري

Author name: حسين لفتة حافظ الزيادي
Supervisor name: حاكم حبيب عزر الكريطي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Meanig in its simplest Logical definitions is : the copception or idea on the technical structure of the poem and the poet language a and it became clear that there is un acceptable kind of praising because there is agop between the receirer and the technical effect the same method was followed with the other poetic purposes revealing the goodness and badness elements of the poetic purposes by balancing and throwing lights on the defects and trying to amending it in the second chapter a studied the meaning criticism standards according to the critical opinions that are set by the critics and rhetoricians and how did thes standards became fixed basis on which the scholars depend to deduce the basic principles of studying the poetic texts , the most disting uished standars are, honestg , exaggeration, relingion , clarity and ambiguity , these are relating to the poetic meaning and the poet taste and the effect of civilization on that taste.A throu lights on the civilized development that occur in the abbasid era due to the prosperity of that era the arabic criticism issues and its effect on meaning hare been dealt with in the third chapter emphasizing on orgnizing orgnizing , nature, attribute, ancient,modern and poetic balancing or scaling , in a delition to the types of meaning and its significance, where a noticed that each of these issues has its deep effect on the poetic meaning a ccording to era through which these issues passed , and a stopped with its mostdisting uishd figures suchas al - jahidh , abdul - qhaher al - jerjany and hazim al - qhertajenng.in the fourth and the last chapter a dealt withrhetorics, issues and its effect on meaning the research emphasized on eloquence, summarization , description , metaphor and imagerg, where it becameclear that rhetorics is associated with the arabic criticism and handnever a purted from it till the late ags, and that most of the critics are areb rhetoricians such as ibn selam, al murad. ibnqhutaybah and ibn tabataba. there is no doubt that rhetorics had affeeted the poetic text and meaning because it is away to understand the text and findout its beauty poins by the image. the rheterical studies were fleurished dwe to the holy quren which is the eloquence source and the basic motive of these studies that tried to know the prodigy secret of the quranic text.in the conclusion a set the most important results of this study, such as.1 - the research reveals the critics interesting on ' the meaning of the meaning ' which is on element of the literary theay and the creativeness of linguistics, because the talked about the first branching of meaning aor about including mang meanings which they colled' the other'secend' meanings2 - the research shows that the reason of the less interesting of lamentation poetry is that this kind of poetry did not suit what the arab wanted for himself of strength, because lamentation poem usually involvedthe human emotions which rereals weakness withcraying and sorrow a and the arab refused that due to the societg nature at that time. 3 - the criticism theory is as ancient as arobs themselres, even that it was not with its modern concept, before the third centuty of hejira, it was perfeed within the critical judgement of the pre - islamic are.4 - the critics emphasiza the grammatical ruly and standars in the arabic speah, poetry and prose, because folloing these rules is a conditions for the speech rightness, and in literature we ask what is beyond rightness, it is creativness.5 - one who check the arob critics efforts who deal with the menning , will find that those critics and the poets were aware of this case importness, so they dealt with it early a and its derelopment was due to the arabic educational status, change.6 - through the research of the poetic purpose and the meaning effect which affect the ancient arabic poetry because by it we can define the poem weather it was satir, courtly ….j,e there was akind of independnce and throwgh this purpose the critic presented his ideas and opinions.7 - the research shows that the ancient crities, opinions had aneffect on the ancient arabic poetry a but sometimes these opinions were not accept able by the creative poets who has his own rules that lead him away from the critics judgement.8 - in spite of the quranic emph asis on the moral principel of the poetic text, through the research it appears that the arabic criticism went away from this field that it saperated the arts from morals.9 - the plagiarism standard rereals that it is possible to njudge the writer and his position and interactien with his enviornment. in addition it helps us to know the resoures of the writers and their psyhchological direction and their educational and intellectualsituntien ,so this standerd is abasic one for the literary criticism. 10 - the study shews that praising lexicon in the ummayed era became axiture of the in herited pre. is lamic mennings and the new sslamic mennings as wellas the environ ment effects and the general life development in the ummayad society

اثر التراث الجاهلي في الشعر الاموي == The Pre - Islamic Heritage Effect On The Ummayad Poetry

Author name: حسين عبد حسين
Supervisor name: حاكم حبيب عزر الكريطي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Each nation has its own heritage which it celebrates as it is considered one of its continuation and immortality basis, a heritage that ensure interconnection of its present time with past reaching the future. Our literary heritage, especially the Pre - Islamic one has derived its facts from the nomadic environment to which it belongs, so it portraited it in the truest way of expressing its values, habits, traditions, thought, achievements and exploits. Hence, it has become a mirror in which the life aspects manifestations would be reflexed, and an alive image of the life status prevailing that period.This heritage has remained as a fountain from which the poets drew their need throughout ages of them is the Ummayad Era.The nature of the subject required that the research should be organized in three chapters preced by an introduction and a preface and followed by a conclusion.In the introduction, I referred to the heritage concept linguistically and conventionally, explaining the objective and the artistic causes hidden behind the Ummayad Poets inclination towards the Per - Islamic heritage and investing it in their poetry.In the first chapter, I have deal with the social tradition represented by the virtuous and the habits Arab values ,the Arab days, and the historical personalities and hreed horses and camels.While in the second chapter , I have studied the intellectual tradition and what legends and beliefs it contains such as AlGhurab, Al - Shaqraq, Al - Haman, Al - Sada…etc.In the third chapter,I have deal with literary and artistic tradition.In the literary tradition I stopped at the names of the poets that the Ummayad poets took from ,and educated in their poetry.Also I have stopped at the proverbs as they considered a social art and one of the literary culture's fountains while in the artistic tradition I talked about the poem artistic structure which is comprised the introduction, details and the main purpose. In addition, I have studied the language in words and in structure and stopped at some structures found in the Ummayad poem.As for rhythm, I have explained the nature of the poetic meters that the Ummayad prefer when writing poetry and studied the artistic image explaining the extent of the Ummayad poets’ being affected by their ancestors and their following them whether on thelevel of the single verse or a set of verses, or an the level of the whole poem. In the conclusion, I have reviewed the most important results that the research reached, of them were the following : ?? The heritage of any nation do not stop at the margins of a specific era. It is a continuous series that takes from each era what enriches it as influence and being influenced is acharacteristic accompanying each heritage.?? The literary heritage(artistic objective) is the main source of writer's education in general, and the poet in particular.?? The nomadic Arab values the Arab inherent have taken their to the Ummayad poets under the influence of the party that has blazed again.?? The Ummayad poets have made the pre - Islamic days one of their education sources, and utilized them in their as they were considered a record of their ancestors’ achievements and exploits ,and exploits, and bright pages of the history of their life.?? The Ummayad poets utilized the myths to relive their feelings and sentiments through subjecting then to their artistic experiences and their psychological sufferings.?? The poets’ talk about the poetry finds was not stamina from a belief or faith, but it is an attempt to show their artistic abilities, and their differentiation from their companions.?? The Ummayad poets followed their ancestors’ method in the artistic structure of the poem which is formed of three parts(introduction, details and the main purpose), with stopping at the margins of the sheer imitation, but they strived for renwal inside that arts framework.?? The pre - Islamic language was the basis that the Ummayad a doped in poetizing their poems, as there is no attempts to replace that nomadic language by other one.?? Most of the images that appeared in the Ummayad poetry were derived from the desert environment in which they were brought up or were close to.?? Their being affected by their ancestors’ image has been varied from the sheer negative imitation to perceiving those images and subjecting tem to their personal experiences then adding some adding some artistic touches to them.

معاني القبول والرفض في القران الكريم : دراسة في الالفاظ والاساليب == Acceptance And Refusal Of Meanings In The Holy Quran - A Study Of Terms And Styles

Author name: فضيلة عبد العباس حسن الاسدي
Supervisor name: علي كاظم مشري الزيدي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and prayer and peace be upon the prophet Mohammad, lord of creatures, and his most honest household.It is well - known that the Quranic semantics has been cared of by the ancient and modern linguists. All the Arabic sciences have been built upon to achieve accurate knowledge of the Holy Quran.The researcher, in this respect, has to read the Arabic lexicons, then the interpretation books of grammarians and rhetoricians, ending with modern semantic books. He will find himself, after all this effort, facing divine abundant outcome, because all that have been related by the Quranic studies and researches are still glowing, giving life to everybody, and supply existence with light to disperse all kinds of gloominess. The researcher is still puzzled, exclaiming what he could say after what had been said by the scholars and scientists, but he will find but through coexisting with. the Holy Quran that Quran is so noble with everlasting gifts. This is because Quran is the creation of Allah, the unlimited power creator Whose words can penetrate all time and spatial limits. The researcher will find out that the Holy Quran opens new horizons every time, because it is a miraculous book that will never be used up by studies, hut increases in glowing and generosity. The evidence is what has been proved throughout the past centuries that assisted its being a continuous source that will not be used up at all... l ike anendless sea.It is well - known by all that the Quranic terms are so significant, so well - formed in an artful intended way in its proper place.. I f any term is omitted, it is done with intention...and if the place is changed, it is done also with intention.The older studies cared of the Quranic pronunciations and : heir semantics. The most important books dealing with this aspect are " al - Ashbah wa al - Nadha'er" for Muqatil bin Sulaiman and others.Acceptance and refusal are the most important motives that make one express them by words or actions, therefore we can Determine man's attitude of an issue by his words and actions. Acceptance and refusal in the Holy Quran deal with points of acceptance and refusal in pronunciation and structures, so the research included four chapters distributed to two sections : the : 1rst is the pronunciation of.acceptance and refusal in the Holy Quran. The first chapter deals with the acceptance pronunciation, and the second deals with refusal pronunciation, The second section deals with the style of acceptance and refusal and is divided into two parts : the first is acceptance and involves the style of command, style of wishing and hope,, style of praising, style of awakening of a desire. The second chapter deals with styles of refusal involving prohibition, terrifying,.use and exclamation.Research ends with the significant difficulties the research faced. among them : the extended scope of the subject, there are : me utterances whose semantics need whole books to talk about and deal with. For that reason I tried to abbreviate as much as possible without default in the investigation research methods. After research has been accomplished, I do not claim its being perfect....Allah is the only perfect.... man has to seek knowledge, and Allah is the granter.

الرسائل والوصايا في نهج البلاغة : دراسة في ضوء علم لغة النص == Letters & Sermons In Nehj Al - Balagha (The Path Of Eloquence)

Author name: ورود سعدون عبد
Supervisor name: تراث حاكم مالك الزيادي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language - Grammar
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: ان موضوع الدراسة الحالية هو ((الرسائل والوصايا في نهج البلاغة (دراسة في ضوء علم لغة النص))، وتتسم بكونها دراسة لنص نثري من عصر الاحتجاج مشهود لمنشئه بالفصاحة والبلاغة، وقد درست فيها المعايير النصية السبعة التي اقرها (دي بوجراند) وهي : ((الاتساق، والانسجام | The current thesis entitled "Letters and Sermons in Nehj Al - Balagha (The Path of Eloquence) : A Study in the Light of Textual Linguistics" is a study of a prose from the age of protest whose writer is acknowledged for his eloquence and rhetoric and in which I has investigated the seven textual standards approved by De Poe Grand i.e. consistency, harmony, intentionality, acceptability, publicity, position and textuality. The aim of this study is to prove that those standards are present in the letters and sermons texts. The thesis is arranged in three chapters preceded by an introduction and a prologue and followed by a conclusion contains the findings of the research then a bibliography of its most important sources and reference books.In the prologue, I have dealt with a presentation of the concepts of (text, message and instruction) in order to prove that those letters and sermons are texts; so it is right to be studied in accordance with the textual study. In the first chapter "consistency in the letters and sermons", I have tackled the subject of textual consistency at three levels : Phonetic, lexical and grammatical. In the second chapter "Harmony in the letters and sermons", I have considered the harmony aspects and mechanisms in addition to the semantic relations and top structures. In the third chapter "Other textual standards", I have studied the standards related to the users of the text (addresser and addressee) i.e. intentionality, acceptability, publicity and standards connected with external effects represented by context and textuality. Then, the research is concluded with the findings I have reached which includes : - The letters and Sermons are not at the same level in terms of their being concise or comprehensive as they are shortened and lengthened according to the text topics and circumstances and the nature of the relationship with the receiver though the expansion feature appears generally where the topic is giving lessons and advices. - Instability in certain concepts and idioms discussed in this study for the researchers and scholars of texts reflects variances in their points of view towards those concepts and their different knowledge about them. - Referring is considered the most occurrences in the letters and sermons texts and also the pronoun referring is the frequently occurred cases in those texts. - The elements of consistency and harmony have worked together to build the semantic structure of the texts under study which leads to some kind of easiness in analyzing them and enables us to judge them as coherent and consistent texts. - Intentionality is considered the dominant standard over all textual standard as all words written or selected, expressions mentioned and texts addressed by Imam Ali (Peace be upon him) have the intentionality which the Imam wanted to be either direct or indirect. - Applying this king of study has demonstrated that those letters and sermons are applicable in every time and place and for all people despite their race, class and status differences.

اثر المفسرين في توجيه دلالة الاستعمال القراني في المعجمات اللغوية العربية من القرن الخامس الى القرن التاسع الهجريين == The Impact Of The Commentators In Guiding Significance In The Use Of Quranic Arabic Language Almagamat From The Fifth Century To The Ninth Century AD

Author name: ابتهاج سماع علي حسين الجبوري
Supervisor name: محمد جعفر محيسن العارضي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
Full text from the source: http://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AA%D9%87%D8%A7%D8%AC-%D8%B3%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B9-%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A.doc
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:

القيم الجمالية في الحديث النبوي الشريف == Aesthetic Values In The Hadith Alnabawy Alsharif

Author name: حازم كريم عباس
Supervisor name: شاكر هادي حمود التميمي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
Full text from the source: http://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B2%D9%85-%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A%D9%85-%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3.doc
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: The research found the following results : • The frequency of different types of texts honest did not come Forcibly Dictated by ears, and wish him the soul, but rather spontaneously to savory and in various forms, is the latest variety in the texts, and the comfort and pleasure to the recipient, and that the repetition in the Hadith has exceeded the functional confirmation Incomprehensible, known the public and private, for a different degree of aesthetic technique and manner, as we find colored and changes in the text - Sharif, dressed in sackcloth different every time, and this makes the musical values, including the repetition of the basics of determining the aesthetic value.• was the naturalization of the effects of aesthetic in the Hadith makes it a model for the performance of voice spontaneous skilled team, including representative of the way technical check advantages bell sound of music, working to highlight the hidden of meaning added a new Tagged, Vchuq self to learn the new meaning, and of music generated by the the highest range, which holds the receiver on the vigilance and attention, and sends the wonder and surprise, and take verbal Mokhzha aesthetic consistency of it, standing, so influenced by the text and its interaction with the Prophet's religious scholars fair sentence.• The rhyme in the Hadith Sharif was sweet words, enjoy its hearing on the ears, and tend to him the soul, and approaching his music, hearts, proceed to the meaning of non - him, and greeted from affectation and artificiality, Stay away so the repetition is justified, and return the moral dull, and make the recipient continues with messianic text, as well as to those A - i - aarh sweetness and aesthetic art left behind by the rhyme innate light on the text of Prophet Mohammad.• The Hadith was a direct question - for the most part - of the structure of the surface position to the deep structure of meanings and connotations many explosive through different contexts, depending this shift to stir up the receiver and his participation in the production of meaning, and the realization of his mind in the detection and meditation, and acceptance and satisfaction, Thus, in the text al - estfham Prophet combines the aesthetic beauty of the text and received, the receiver based on the resonances and reactions as an effective and vital, is between him and the text continues the aesthetic and artistic interaction affected by the resulting psychological and emotional surprise. • Although different considerations apply and delays in the text of the Prophet, but it has been used for the purposes of aesthetic and sympathetic, helped the recipient to interact with the text - Sharif and objectives, as discern him to shift stylistic imposed by the presentation and the delay may cause gaps tension in the mind of the recipient led to a surprising causing the lattice, say so alone increased artistic and beautiful and influential.• A violation of the original which is (equality) in the Hadith, and the deviation from the familiar to the unfamiliar, a (brief) has the function of aesthetic and splash pulls the receiver and draws his attention, it becomes a text - Sharif in this brief overview function enables it to activate the thought of the listener and the realization of his mind to realize what behind this overview and shall be ¬ referral to highlight because it is aesthetic values.• metaphor was a way of technical means and aesthetic employed by the Great Prophet peace be upon him and his family and him to influence the recipient, and the consolidation of the meaning and enable it to himself through what is offered by the metaphor of shadows and visions between things and bring one of the other, so he will of the clearest Arts rhetoric and the most capable to portray the meaning is closer to the mind.• The structure of metaphor in the Hadith Sharif represented the summit of congruence between the parties to the analogy, even united by deleting one of the parties to the analogy and the tool and the face; to integrate image on both sides : (improved and reasonable), Vhsalt image Astaaria not simulated, almost meaning - mediated imagination hard, work on restructuring of the particles fact, dissolving elements to each other, Vgesdha influential sensory images in the same recipient, give rise to emotions, up to date the most responsive and fun to have, as well as enrich the semantic and aesthetic.• Try The Great Prophet peace be upon him and his family through photography Alkna?a - as one of the ways the technical and aesthetic that gives the image dimension Tgesemia heavier and imaginary exciting for the mind and conscience - to address the perceptions of mental for the recipient, exciting Baahaath and his references are and very active imagination of the recipient, when transferred perceived moral to the conscious sensuous concrete, and the meaning to the rigid image of simmering with life and movement, Vehtz those images suggestive of conscience, and the impact force penetrates into the depths of the soul; to acquire the expression and function of a strong splash, as well as the role that the function of aesthetic and technical fascinating.

القيم الجمالية في شعر شعراء الطبقة الثالثة الجاهليين == The Aesthetic Values In The Poetry Of The Third Generation Jahili Poets

Author name: فاطمة حميد يعكوب التميمي
Supervisor name: ياسر علي عبد سلمان الخالدي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
Full text from the source: http://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/01/%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%85%D8%A9-%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D9%8A%D8%B9%D9%83%D9%88%D8%A8.doc
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:

التوجيه السياقي في تفسير مقتنيات الدرر وملتقطات الثمر للحائري (ت1353هـ) == Contextual Directing In Interpreting Of Muqtanayat Al - Durar And Multaqatat Al - Thamar " By Al - Haeri ( Dead 135A.H )

Author name: يوسف عبد القادر عبد سلوم الحسني
Supervisor name: لطيفة عبد الرسول عبد علي الضايفي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الحمد لله رب العالمين والصلاة والسلام على اشرف خلقه اجمعين محمد واله الطيبين الطاهرين واصحابه الامناء على كتاب رب العالمين ورسالة سيد المرسلين.وبعد.نال جهد المفسرين الاوائل على مر القرون عناية من المفسرين جيلا من بعد جيل وعناية الباحثين الذين حاولوا ال | Praise to Allah , God of all the universe and peace be upon the most honorable of his creatures Mohammed Peace be upon him and his pure and good family who were trustworthy people upon the Holy Quran and the message of master of messengers ,and then : - Efforts of pioneer interpreters over centuries got great care by interpreters generations after generation and the concern of researchers who tried to acquire what were presented interpretation efforts.Knowing that pioneer interpreters had presented an important and unique outcome as they were proactive in offering scientific items and rare interpretations through their abundant knowledge , aware of the secret of that great book. The latecomers of interpreters beneficiated from that great efforts with their outcome. But we did not deny that we got privacy explanatory and unique. This description included Al - Haeri interpretation which was called " Muqtanayat Al - Durar And Multaqatat Al - Thamar " which was complete interpretation of Holy Quran in twelve volumes by Mir Ali Al - Haerti Al - Tahrani in which we studied. This book was verified by Mohammed Waheed Al - Tabsi Al - Haeri and reviewed by Mohammed Taqi Al - hashimi which we saw contextual directing phenomenon as one of its important characteristics that enabled the researcher to justify a method in interpretation exceed partial interpretation of holy Quran interpretation based upon pronunciation and meaning or upon limited sentence to the text of Holy Quran which characterized the current interpretation.Therefore our research did not concentrate upon partial sides in interpretation , but depending on a plan not only concentrate upon single word or pronunciation , sound and morphological formulas , which was the issues studied by two researchers focus on Al - Haeri method and linguistic efforts concerned. Accordingly the title of the study was : " Contextual Directing In Interpreting Of Muqtanayat Al - Durar And Multaqatat Al - Thamar By Al - Haeri ( Dead 1353A.H )". The research was divided into three chapters preceded with preface regarding introduction of the interpreter due to its rareness translation , his method of interpretation , context theory and what were said about it from the pioneers of this trend in linguistic research and their researchers.Regarding first chapter , it was under the title of contextual directing of syntax which dealt with contextual directing multi - aspects syntax and syntax narration and grammatical differences , besides the effects of grammatical instruments in context. Second chapter dealt with the title of contextual directing of grammatical structure which included contextual directing of structure symptoms and grammatical transfer. Third chapter dealt with site directing in Holy Quran speech. Then the circle was expanded to include sentences limitation as directed to discover final guidance.which came as follow : Site directing in communication with prophets , good people , with Muslims and heathens , besides comprehensive speech for others regardless belief status. Conclusion consisted of the most prominent results reached by the researcher which will be useful in studying Holy Quran interpretation such as adopting context directed for interpretation whether grammatical or site ( circulation ) or text.

الفضاء السردي في شعر الاغتراب العراقي 1970 - 2012

Author name: وسن علي عبد الحسين الزبيدي
Supervisor name: صبحي ناصر حسين
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

الاحتفاليـة في روايات ابراهيم الكـوني == The Carnivalesque In The Novels Of Ibrahim Al - Koni

Author name: وسن عبد السادة جودة محمد
Supervisor name: فاطمة بدر حسين
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: In this study, we dealt with festive themes in literature novelist Libyan writer (Ibrahim Al - Koni) according to Bakhtin's theory for the ceremonial character which is known as "carnival". The study was divided into introduction and four chapters and a conclusion. In the first chapter (rites and ceremonial appearances) we found in the first section rites, achieved ceremonial primitive in all manifestations of pagan gods, and offerings and vows, both human sacrifice and non - human, then magic and sorcery in primitive societies. As modern celebration was divided into two ceremonial dramas , decorative and ceremonial celebration which was marked by dramatic coherence of the dramatic event and often have to do with the murder festivities (music, dance, singing and population ) The celebration shows the decorating aspects of the celebrations of dancing, singing, music, songs and games ceremonial, which gives rise to heritage and stimulates memory when the receiver will be present in the text conscious and aware of these celebrations, especially if the people of the desert, as it documents the popular tradition for the people of the desert (Touareg). The existence of these festivities decorating artistic necessity in the novel ceremonial; because it is serving a ceremonial meaning in this novels texts. The celebration represents the aesthetic novels and there must be a decorative ornament , formalism and the rhythmic. In the second section (The celebration appearances) it has the celebration appearances in all its forms which came from : the exchange of roles , masquerades , bet and profathin free and the celebration links away from the cost. We have seen in the course of the analysis that the antibody, is the foundation upon which all the celebration appearances which referred to came in the folds of the analysis of model novels in general. In the second chapter (sarcasm celebration), we found that sarcasm is one of the necessities of ceremonial check, wherein the characters and laughter resound smiles different connotations between innocence or abuse and defamation, sarcasm meaning laughter and ridicule include. Therefore, the researcher found that the term of mockery to be inclusive of many of the concepts that led one of the meanings of sarcasm in laughter or ridicule. We identified sarcasms ways by : humor, satire , satirical image and nicknames of the inclusive of these methods in achieving sarcasm methods The third chapter (intertextuality in The celebration) represents intertextuality mechanism to establish linkages and relationships between the various texts. Ibrahim Al - Koni has shown these relationships with diverse texts, whether mythological or religious, historical or literary, past or contemporary, according intertextuality laws the province or absorption or dialogue. Chapter fourth (technical structure in the novel Carnivalesque) studied aspects of technical building elements that are in the concept of Carnivalesque service and help to achieved its presence in the novelist text : narrative, carnival characters (miraculous) , language and dialogue, and the ceremonial place

اشكالية الخطاب العربي في (الكتاب) لادونيس == The Problematic Issue Of The Arabic Discourse In The "Book" For Audunece

Author name: وداد هاتف احمد وتوت
Supervisor name: سعيد عبد الهادي المرهج
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: 1 - The study examined the concepts, and the idioms of "problematic, discourse, writing, and copying" in accordance to special curriculum, and that is archeo - geniological curriculum. which is related the French philosopher Micheol Foco. And the curriculum and what are related to it of inspecting the traces of the thoughts, their shaping way, their overrating, and were shown on the body of the society; a new curriculum in Artistic critics, it provided the ultimate way to interpretate Audence accomplish "The book yesterday is the place today". Where the writer pursue the same curriculum in the way of molding his intellectual adoptings, creativeness, and what he wanted to say through this work.2 - After the proving of the study that the accomplish under the study "The book yesterday is the place today", is not mere Artistic text, but it is a speech in what speech is mean in its communicational of comprehensiveness, and big ideal. The reader discourse concept, was very good way in dealing with this accomplish, where the spirit of this concept was represented, in what was contended of cultural codes, and intellectual partteners that worked the production of the texts and directed their interpreting process. 3 - The concept of the writing, as concept by passed the speech of the kind, was the last of what Audence version settled on, and based on his good dealing in the description of modernistic works, especially the creative accomplish - field of study - of writing transfigurations which did not stand in specific cue of creative writings types, in poetry, and in prose. From this point of view this dissertation did not accept the describition of this work as collection of poems, in that it is a kind of writing which is comprehensive for poetry, prosaic, for historic, intellectual, and Artistic, it is the comprehensive speech of the comprehensive vision, which ruled its appearance, and did its speech.4 - The dissertation pick the standing contradiction between foco / foko concept of madness, Audonece, and then to his speech, where the former spoke about the real madness, and how the restrictions of the dealing were limited to types of speech, having no connection temadness, but to some undesirable categories spelled by the western society for the safety of the all, and by this he exposed the arrogance of the western society, while Audonece stance was similar to the Islamic intellectual where madness in the Arabic thing, is a tool in the hands of the group to face oppressive political regimes. And it was another type of madness, it was a metaphoric madness, which was able in its departing for reality space to pass the speech of rejecting, accusing, worning and giving advice in the name of religion, and for the sake of people in addition madness have another vision, in Audonece poetic vision and self discourse. His presence was clear, where its type of unknown similarity in this glob and the search in its hidden places, getting use of surreal vision in this matter. 5 - The study present the discourse of "the book….) as Archeo - geontic vision of the Arab - Islamic thinking, in all its parts. Dived in the roots of the intellectual crises since the starting of Islamic Arabic state since its founding, till nowadays. as well it got benefit of the reader discourse concept in the analysis of the accomplish understanding, where Audunece in his treating for intellectual and poetry issues in "The book…" a discourse reader, and historical symmetric standing in the Arabic discourse speech.6 - The thematic equivalent, represent a basic stand in treating "The book…", where from its beginning, of the Di - pattern, of the little in it main and branch types, its gender indicator, and it authorizing, as well the forms of the writings on the page space were divided in its almost in four writing forms, as equivalent to Arabic foggy thinking, and the loosing of the self between the past which was full in contradiction, burden with constraints and overcame with the control on present day thinking. In addition to the main sample, the motive of the work who is Al - Mutanabbi.7 - Audiences writing in "The book…" came in this variant form, which is full with references to be thematic equivalent for his book the authord to what is a function to concept of the author for Foko - and his rich thoughts and activity variation. In that this accomplish short half century walk, characterized with seriousness and balled, which which was byest to all what were different, and problematic, basing to the exploring, and thematic analysis a way from all before submissives accepted by the foundation - whether they were intellectual, cultural or social, the study did not adopt the concept of the mask, where despite its narrow space and its accupying with the self side of the mask and the person who wearing it, came under the thematic equivalent concept with no doubt.8 - The researcher conclude her research by admitting the fact the book today is the place tomorrow, is a deep study for Arabic - Islamic thinking life history, in all its appearances, identify, its almost biggest crisis, and the most dangerous effect for the presence and the future of this nation. And what distinguish this study is its departure to all what are expected of the writing forms, or research works, that limit its freedom in the search and explore, in that it dives in time and place, and shed light on dark paths to enlighten them in exploring and exposing to show the defects for the audience for treatment that may raise the place and it dwellers.

الفضاء الروائي في الرواية النسوية العراقية 2003 - 2013

Author name: وجدان يعكوب محمود
Supervisor name: زينب هادي حسن
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

القرائن النحوية بين الاصوليين والنحويين : دراسة موازنة

Author name: نور فاضل بنيان محمد
Supervisor name: لمى فائق جميل العاني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تتابع الاصوات في العربية == Phonotactics In Arabic

Author name: ندى صالح يوسف السلامي
Supervisor name: مصطفى كاظم شغيدل
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Phonotactics is the permitted arrangement of sounds in the language based on the language system of a particular language. Each language has a special way in their phonotactics as not all are permitted in the language although they are sounds from the language itself. The Arabic sounds are clustered in a way that distinguishes it from other languages. The other languages have a special way of phonotactics. Some words have Arabic sounds for example but they are not considered Arabic if their clustering do not fit the way sounds ate arranged in Arabic. Like jim (الجيم) and q?f (القاف) as they are Arabic sounds but they do not occur in a word unless arabized. Also the arrangements of sounds as the عain (العين) precedes the h?? (الهاء) if it is adjacent to it in the beginning of the root and that the h?? (الهاء) does not precede the عain (العين) unless separated. Also the pronunciation of Al - Muhandz (المهندز) is not Arabic because the z?y (الزاي) does not come after d?l (الدال) that is why it is replaced to sin (السين) in the Arabic usage but it is still considered arabized. The belonging of a word to a language does not depend on having its sounds in it or not, it depends on their phonotactics and the ability of language is numerous in forming words but many roots and words were neglected. Most of our old and new scientists have discussed these topics about Convergence and divergence of sounds but using some flipping other than others and they did not reach at a reason for negligence. But if we look carefully we find that the way sounds are arranged in the roots ahs an important role in neglecting a big amount of roots like athakh (عضخ) and it is used in a different arrangement Khathaa (خضع) so the reason for neglecting such cases was unclear but if we traced the rules of phonotactics we find AlKhalil saying that the عain (العين) does not precede kh?? (الخاء) and this can be the reason of negligence. Finally we can determine some of the rules that have been relied on based on the sayings of some Arab figures and we can divide sounds into three divisions : First - cluster sound by conditions like the kh?? (الخاء) should precede the عain (العين) and the shin (الشين) should precede whistling sounds sin, s?d, z?y (س, ص, ز) if combined with them, etc. Second - sounds that never cluster like the عain (العين) and h?? الحاء) ), the عain (العين) and ghain (الغين) , and the kh?? ( الخاء) and ghain (الغين), etc of the other examples mentioned in the thesis Third - sounds clustering without condition like the glottal sounds that reoccurred with most of the other sounds

الاتجاه التوافقي بين لسانيات التراث واللسانيات المعاصرة : الدكتورعبد الرحمن الحاج صالح انموذجا == Coherent Direction Between The Cultural Lingnistics And The Contemporaray Linguistics Professer Abed Al - Haaj Salah As An Example

Author name: معالي هاشم علي ابو المعالي
Supervisor name: بان صالح مهدي الخفاجي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study aims to find the direction of a compromise between linguistics heritage and contemporary linguistics represented by the efforts of the flag of the flags of the lesson lingual modern Arabic in the Arab world and is Dr. Abdul Rahman Al Haj Saleh, who tried to digest contemporary linguistics through a re - reading of the Arab heritage and especially (thought Khalili) , and is the approach adopted by the distinctive collection of Arab linguists, and that the absorption of the tongue of modern science in the West, and to understand and represent, and to fathom the Arab heritage lingual, like what he is doing some linguists in the Arab world, including : Dr. Ahmed Mutawakkil and Abdel - Qader Fassi Fihri from Morocco, Abdul Salam Masdi of Tunisia and Mazen rugged of Syria and Michel Zakaria of Lebanon and Dr. Karim Hussein Khalidi of Iraq and others, he has introduced these researchers thought lingual Arab in scientific dialogue with real thought lingual contemporary determines the location of it, as well as that this dialogue sponsor researcher to enter the Arab world to search lingual to become Arabs Meshmin real output in the lingual and put forward a development; because we have thought for Sanya can develop it, or develop aspects of it to be put forward for contemporary Sanya on a global level. Thus, we can say : It is not a shame that we learn what creativity for others, and do not take them as befitted origins of modernity, but this does not justify Azova for our credit linguistic and do not even cognitive General; and so the best solution to this issue, is to adopt the trend compromise is not excessive and do not overcook it preserves the originality of our heritage, and familiar with the principles of the modern curriculum. And thereby avoid prison of our heritage and a huge cast him into the world, Fteratna thought authentic, and we will not prove this unless Okhrzinah originality to the world, and the world will not undo blades, but what if we used the keys to reading contemporary Evqgaha everyone. And any action that can not be accomplished unless motives, the motives that motivated me to choose this subject, perhaps the most important, cash bitter face of research and linguistic studies that take direction harmonic approach in her research, as well as try some researchers undermining heritage and underrated. It also grew the desire I have to open up the search trends lingual contemporary by rooting for our heritage Arabic language, and identify the most important bases and objectives Portal last of these motives absence of approaches to linguistic between linguistics heritage and contemporary linguistics, take direction harmonic approach her, it is still these studies represent an arena Thera research and study, and deserves - right - multiple efforts to revive the Arab heritage in general and especially the language. And has research found a number of important results are : • The research revealed that the trend is more harmonic presence trends in reading the Arab heritage. • Research has proven that the term (linguistics Heritage) is actually in the arena of search lingual Arab and intended to re - read the linguistic heritage of the Arab in the light of modern linguistic approaches. • To stop the search when (Alhalilih modern theory), which is a direct continuation of the thought - Khalili, as well as it is of the most important experiences of Dr. Abdul Rahman Al Haj Saleh, has promised to this theory, the most important experiences of facilitation of linguistics and rounded specialists in Arabic language studies. • Find relied heavily on the (book Sibawayh) and the contents of the views of the grammatical Sibawayh sheikh of Hebron and in the detection of scientific facts;, and that the adoption of Dr. Abdul Rahman Al Haj Saleh this blog linguistic huge. • research to see Dr. Abdul Rahman Al Haj Saleh in theory Alhalilih modern, which represents the most important key features for the study of ancient sounds linguistic divide them (phonetics) and (phonology) as the author's opinion that each and every one of these sections can be devoted to his study on the unit and be used in the approaches and modern techniques, with great admiration for what was stated in the work of the ancients as the majority of the results of their studies have reached precision to ask. • Find proved the authenticity of Arabic grammar, and response, Dr. Abdul Rahman Al Haj Saleh suspicions argument with emotion as the Arab Aristotelian logic; and so as evidenced by the testimony of the mind and history. • Dr. Abdul Rahman Al - Hajj that the theory of the coolest factor is what scientists invented the Arabs - and especially Hebron and Sibawayh - and found that the theory of global connectivity to Chomsky her Arab roots. • Find demonstrated through his harmonic on the existence of the assets in a deliberative linguistic heritage / Arab rhetoric. • The trend shows harmonic clearly defined when Haj Saleh in his efforts in translation and terminology, as it has always sought to revive the old Arab term; to be the most appropriate for the context in which it is given and the accuracy of the terminology used by the ancients.

سور الطواسين : دراسة بلاغية == The Stylistic Structures Of The Holy Qur’an Tewaseem

Author name: مصعب مكي عبد زبيبة
Supervisor name: مشكور كاظم العوادي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Kufa - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The holyn Qur`anic text, by the stylistic structure is a subject that worth studying and contemplation. There are many studies that deal with the different aspects of the holy text by analyzing and studying, yet the groups of Hewameem, Lewameem and Tewaseem have distinguish status the matter that involves farther studying for the relations among these groups. Then we can wonder are there any direct relation among the divided or separated letters? The answer would never be conclusive. The term of ( style= Isloob) had developed from the meaning of ( a line of palms) to the aesthetic dimension and the technical procedure. The Arab rhetorical studies represent the base of the stylistic studies as the motive is the holy Qur`an, the study restricted to the holy text only. For its Western aspect, style based on Aristotle opinion who believed that the style should not be trivial, vulgar or common that is to say not to use the usual expressions, then it moved to the advance phase by analyzing and describing certain writer`s language and concluding some notices about his style. The three suras that are started with ( Taa, Seen, Meem) and ( Taa, Seen) are usually called the ( Al - Tewaseem, Al - Tewassn, A`l - Taa seen and Dhewat Taa seen), the correct one is (Al - Tewaseem) because it consists of the letters ( Taa, Seen, Meem) at the beginning of the suras. Selecting process is a main part of the stylistic procedure according to certain fix and affective bases, by selecting the terms and substituting them with each other within the common semantic fields, depending on the linguistic and literary abilities in selecting the best. Selecting process is so obvious in (Al - Tewaseem) due to their everlasting linguistic abilities represented by the terms, structures and derivations and placing each term in its place that if we replaced it by another one the miracle aspect would disappear. The Qura`nic text is a unit of unified parts, this coherence is appear clearly in the suras that are started with divided or separated letters. The common purpose and significance is of the elements that indicate the Qura`nic text unity. The suras of (Al - Tewaseem) have a common purpose; ( al - shoo`araa= the Poets) aims at comforting and solacing the prophet Mohammed ( P.U.H), ( Al - Neml= Ant) aims at comforting the Muslims and portending the disbelievers, and the purpose of ( Al - Qhases= The Stories) complete the previous suras` purpose by announcing the victory of the Muslims even in another time. Coherence is one of the aspects that result in connecting the one text parts on the level of the semantic differences; the tiny meanings that could not be recognized save by the close study indicate the context subjective unity and show some aspect of the Qur`anic text miracle. The figurative speech, in addition to attracting the receiver, supports the significance to be inculcated. Derivation is frequent in (Al - Tewaseem) to clarify the meaning, by been repeated, and to support the musical aspect by the harmonized terms. Narration occupied a great deal of (Al - Tewaseem) with the greatest tario for the story of Moses which was repeated three times in these suras, and that indicate the importance of the story to communicate the objective and technical aim to the receiver. The narration order differs from the chronicle where the focus was on the technical element because the stories are connected with each other; the story of Moses is related to that of Lute and the story of Aad is related with that of Themood and so on. The narration of (Al - Tewaseem) came with time techniques that preceded the modern narration. So we can say that the Qur`anic story agrees with the technical story in containing starting, climax and the end as well as the dialogue and characters, yet it proves it superiority to it with the miracle frame of narrating the historical briefly to communicate the thoughts and lessons.

علل الاختيار عند ابن يعيش (643هـ) في كتابه شرح المفصل : دراسة نحوية == The Reasons Behind Selection At Ibn - Ya’Eesh In His Book Shrah Al - Mofasal

Author name: مصطفى فالح صالح
Supervisor name: رافع اسعد عبد الحليم العاني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language - Grammar
Degree: Doctorate
University: Aliraqia University - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: In the name of god the most merciful. than ks god and the pray and peace upon the god's messen gev. This study is classified in to five parts and the main purpose of this study is to show the reasons at Ibn - ya’eesh , and the results appeared in this study is : Conclusion and Results 1 - Grammatical cause is one of the most eminent issues which attracted many grammarians in the early stages and nowadays.2 - The cause appeared as notes explain a limited phenomenon then appeared strongly in (sehowaih) book , but the grammarians took care of the grammar rule in mind and then to educate that simple causes.3 - Seventh century was considered a stable stage for tge cause it was scare to find a question or a judgment without a grammatical cause. that what (Ibn - ya’eesh) did in his explanation.4 - In spite of many causes mentioned by (Ibn - ya’eesh) , he did not mention the word cause but in specific subjects.5 - Most causes mentioned by him were educational as the Arab way , then cohsensos sauses and then argumental causes by the first grammarians a little bit.6 - There are many kinds of causes mainly assimi lation cause in present tense synonym.7 - His style was comprehensive , clear , logical by using Quran verses and poetry verses in his book besides the educational view by asking and answering.8 - Giving more than one cause for each judgement may make it difficult to understand the question , thatis why he gave morw than one reason ror every one cause.

الايات الكونية في القران الكريم : مقاربة سيميائية == Universal Verses Of The Holy Qur’an : A Semiotic Approash

Author name: محمد يونس علوان محمد الدهش
Supervisor name: ساجدة مزبان حسن علوان
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis concerns itself with applying the theory of the American philosopher Charles Sanders Peirce on one particular type of the Qur’anic verses. That is, the universal verses, which involve references to a number of aspects of the universe i.e., Earth, Heavens, Stars, Seas, Wind, among others.The thesis focuses on the second triadic proposed by Peirce to interpret the Sign. This triadic studies the Sign in relation to its subject, which is embodied in three components. They are : Icon, Index, and Symbol.The thesis falls into an Introduction, three Chapters and a Conclusion. The Introduction deals with such important and pertinent issues as the semiology, its origin, formation and development, its definition, and the semiotic approaches utilized by scholars in both Arabic and Western heritages. The Introduction also sheds some light on the contemporary trends of semiology manifested in the works of the main two philosophers i.e., Ferdinand de Saussure and Charles Sanders Peirce. The main semiotic pillars of Peirce's theory (Sign, Semosis, and Interpretants) along with the main bases upon which the semiotic approach is established are dealt with in the Introduction as well. The first Chapter accounts for the Semiotic Icon of the Universal Qur’anic Verses. In which the Iconic Signs of these verses are tackled. This Chapter begins with an introduction highlighting nature of the Semiotic Icon, its types, and its place in Peirce's sign system.The second Chapter deals with the Semiotic Index of the Universal Qur’anic Verses. In which the Index Signs of these verses are accounted for. This Chapter starts with an introduction underlining nature of the Semiotic Index as proposed by Peirce.The third Chapter attends to the Semiotic Symbol of the Universal Qur’anic Verses. In which the Symbolic Signs of these verses are dealt with. This Chapter begins with an introduction underscoring nature of the Symbolic Sign, its types, its place in Peirce's semiotic theory, and the movement of its interpretants. The conclusion, however, summarizes the main ideas covered in the thesis along with the results arrived at by the present researcher. A list of the sources and references consulted in the study is presented at the end of the thesis.

اراء سيبويه في (البحر المحيط) : دراسة نحوية == Sibawayh's Syntactic Views In Al - Bahr Al - Muhit : An Analytic Study

Author name: محمد منير اسماعيل علوان
Supervisor name: حميد عبد الحمزة عبيد الفتلي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The present paper discusses the syntactic views concerning one of the most eminent scholars of Arabic language who lived in the second Hegira century; Ab? Bishr ?Amr ibn ?Uthm?n ibn Qanbar known as Sibawayh (Died in 180 A.H). The views are those found in al - Bahr al - Muhit (The Encompassing Ocean) of the commentator Abu Hayyan al - Nahwi (Died in 745 A.H). Al - Nahwi was an eminent scholar in Arabic language and Quran sciences. He wrote many classifications, among which is al - Bahr al - Muhit, which is adopted by commentators and grammarians from that period till present days. It contained many syntactic issues that were not tackled in classifications of such interest. It included the views of many former grammarians. Hence, this study is a record of the development of some syntactic views and continuity of the other views. The study discussed more than seventy syntactic views of Sibawayh which were mentioned by Abi Hayyan in his book. This paper could be the first step in the studying the views of grammarians who followed Sibawayh and who influenced this commentary. Therefore, the study is important for researchers who are interested in this field. The paper includes an introduction and four chapters. The introduction discusses the significance of the study which discusses the methodology adopted by ibn Hayyan in his commentary and former researches in this field. Chapter one, which is entitled Nominative Nouns and Converters, is of two sections. Section one includes nominative nouns; 1 - subject and predicate and 2 - subject of a verbal sentence. The second section discusses convertors; 1 - Kana and sisters and 2 - Inna and sisters. Chapter two is entitled (Inflected and Uninflected Nouns and Verbs). It also is comprised of two sections, section one discusses inflected verbs and the second discusses uninflected nouns and verbs. Chapter three discusses objects and appositives. It is comprised of two sections; the first discusses objects and semi objects, the second discusses appositives.Chapter four is entitled (Genitives and particles). It is composed of two sections; the first is about genitives and the second is about particles. The study ends up with a conclusion included the outcomes of the study, followed by the resources list and an abstract in English

اعتراضات شراح التسهيـل علـى ابـن مالـك : دراســة نحوية == Objections Commentators Easing The Son Of The Owner Grammatical Study

Author name: محمد علي عبد الله العنبكي
Supervisor name: سامي ماضي ابراهيم
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Thankfully praise befits His Majesty, and his power is great, Praise be to God, who honored the humanity, Islam and made us proud, and honored us with AF, and prayed to God to His Prophet Muhammad and his companions and the divine. Almentajabin The best language the language of the Qur'an (Arabic), (down by the spirit secretary. On your heart to be omniscient. (Arab spokesman Amin) (poets 193 - 195) It is the scientists who Ulloa this art sincere devotion, and made his way most of their Ibn Malik (d. 672 AH), he left his book, easing a great impact in the Arab, and held the high status among the authors who wrote in his time; to collect it the grammar in summary, it was a rich students science - sufficient for its lengthy This effect has been demonstrated in a tribute to the scientists, including Ibn Khaldun (d. 808 AH), which decided to book the facility the son of the owner to have absorbed all of the transfer of rule He said his Damamana (d. 827 AH) : "Book collecting benefits collect frequent, and disclosed his words GLT value was every word of it Dora, do not be meddling in the bounty of the income from the door to engage him, and if you count other waste there is no doubt that the mayor Resulting in an idea of choosing the subject of consolidating a set of grammatical issues objectionable to a set of annotations, which invited me to Osgelh subject of my thesis (b objections commentators easing the son of the owner grammatical study), nor would argue that I add to this study to the son of the owner of a male, nor to His glory, glory, it is late in the developed decades in the male and fame, who revived the study as fees and landmarks Tamsh What objections commentators easing the son of the owner, but to complete what was initiated by former grammarians, it is an attempt to discuss their objections with reference to deaden diverse books. Our aim of all this is to reveal the truth of what went to him commentators in their objections to the son of the owner, walked in and whether it is scientifically objective attitude? Or if their objections tend to criticize the abstract without any evidence The previous studies that have taken place on this subject, they are two studies The first study, presented by researcher : the patience of quality, Ph.D., entitled (the annotations easing grammatical study of the budget), submitted to the Faculty of Education, Ibn Rushd, Baghdad University, 2013 The second : the objections of Sheik Khaled al - Azhari the son of the owner in writing (noble connector to about easing), the researcher Mohamed Ibrahim Hassanein, a (research) submitted to the Al - Azhar University, Faculty of Arabic Language in Cairo and study distinguishes this study from others they deal with most of the annotations easing printed, unlike previous studies, they examined the objection explainer explainer on another, as well as so that my work is based on a set of annotations objector by the son of the owner followed by a conclusion and Mazan Thesis are arranged in four chapters and boot, He studied the boot : (objection grammar : The term and concept), and devoted the first chapter of the study (curriculum commentators facility to object grammar of the son of the owner) and consisted of three sections. The first curriculum objection grammar when commentators and the second objection grammar patterns when the commentators, and the third : Types objection grammar when commentators The second chapter : studied (objections in introductions and grammatical nominative or indicative), was in two sections; the first : the objections in the grammatical introductions, and the second : the objections in the nominative or And singled out the third chapter of the study (grammatical objections in Mouncobac), and consisted of three sections, the first lesson : the objections in Mufaullac, and the second : the objections in the exception case, discrimination, and studied the third topic : the objections in the name of that and her sisters and And dealt with in the fourth quarter : (grammatical objections in the addendum and disciples prepositions), and split on the three sections, the first of which he studied : the objections in the addendum, and the second : the objections in the disciples, and the third objections in prepositions. The conclusion, they included the most important findings of the study, followed thesis bibliography of sources and references. The approach taken in this study, it is the historical method balancer through the collection of objections cited by the commentators on the son of the owner, and then I put a title for each issue objectionable and studied grammatical study, turned away from the text of the objection, as reported by son of the owner, and documented from the source, and then submit a summary outlines the substance of the objection, objection and discuss the extension of the views of grammarians, and income statements it is probable or weakening contained objections, as well as the graduation of the different evidence, whether from the Koran, or the hadith, or the words of Arab poetry and prose both suppositions.For this thesis it has objected to a number of difficulties stand in the forefront unavailability of some of the explanations printed, as well as that the large size of the one explanation and the multiplicity of its parts, we find that explanation headmaster army arrived to (a tenth part), as well as so obvious difficulty in the search for the words of objection when commentators and this march, making a trip this thesis uphill was not affordable. And I have to thank him right thanks and praise my teacher supervisor, Dr. Sami past Ibrahim, who provided me with the directives of sound and views bright since the idea of choosing subject so firmly established on its market, and endured with me to read it and follow it, and that persistence with science students, Vdzah God Me the good of what may reward byAs well as to each of did to me known, professors are generous, and dear friends, and make special mention of them d. Raad Karim Hassan, as well as d. Eyad Suleiman, and Mr. Amer apparent Alabadana, ask God to Adzehm richly rewarded I conclude my voice the words of Sheikh Qalqashandi : "To be excused for standing by, the results of ideas on different Alaqraih not come to an but spent every one of the estimated capacity of (God does not burden any soul. But what Otaha) (divorce 7), God and the womb had stood on the omissions or error Vosalehh, Aadhira not Aazla, and Mnala not Naila, it is not acquitted of the absurd, but the shelter of God and Asm, has been said : the book Kalmklv not be extradited from culpability, and brings with him the pen; and God Iqrnh luck! and instructs it to clear through! (and compromise I put my trust in God, but he and I turn to him) (Hood 88. Researcher

التصوير الموسيقي في الشعر الاندلسي عصر ملوك الطوائف والمرابطين == The Imagery Musical In The Al - Andalusian Poetry : Era Of Al - Tawaif And Al - Moravid Kings

Author name: محمد عادل جاسم حمادي
Supervisor name: نصيرة احمد حمزة الشمري
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت تلك الدراسة مجموعة الدواوين الشعرية المحققة في عصر ملوك الطوائف والمرابطين , والتي حظيت باهتمام الباحثين في جميع المجالات الادبية والنقدية , ما اعطانا حافزا لدراسة الجوانب الموسيقية التي لم يسلط الضوء عليها سابقا. الفصل الاول : درسنا فيه التصوير | Chapter one discusses musical imagery.In this chapter there are three sections : Section one : assimilation imagerySection two : metaphorical imagerySection three : metonymy imagery The researcher in this chapter discusses the relation between rhetorical imagery and music : was the poet successful in relating rhetorical imagery to music ? Are there discrepancies among poets in the extent of drawing such a relation or not ? ln chapter two , the researcher studies poetic and musical structure. This chapter is of two sections : section one is about poetic functions ,which are eulogy , elegy , love , wine , description , pride , and lampoon. Taking into consideration the different views of critics and prosody specialists , the relationship between meter and poetic functions , verification of authenticity of such views within analysis , and was the poet successful in relating meter and poetic function with musical imagery structure or not , were also discussed in this section. Section two is about the structure of Andalusian terza rima. the functions here were ; eulogy ,elegy , wine ,nature , and love. ln this section the relation between meter and poetic functions , within the structure of poetic imagery concerning Andalusian terza rima was discussed. Chapter three discusses the features of prosodic structure. lt is comprised of two sections. Section one studies external music , including two functions ; meter and rhythm. Section two is about internal music. ln this section , the researcher deals with repetition , paronomasia , relating second hemistich to the first , concord , inlay ,and rotation. these arts have vital prosodic importance in the contribution of the structure of the musical imagery. The conclusion included the outcomes of the study followed by references

الخلاف اللغوي في ضوء دراسة لهجات شبه الجزيرة العربية == Liguistic Diversity In The Study Dialects Of The Arabian Peninsula

Author name: ليلى علي فرج
Supervisor name: ولاء صادق محسن الاسدي | منذر علي عبد المالك
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The most important results obtained in the thesis it is that the dispute linguistic fertile subject of the Arabic language subjects, said in a boot importance of studying accents suspicion of the Arabian Peninsula in the study of differences of language, and looked at the first chapter voice dispute in the light of the study of the Arabian Peninsula accents Among the most important findings : - 1. The dialects participated in twelve way out of the exits of the votes.2. The origin of the voice (GEEM) to be whispered, described the ancient voice of DH description is true, and the origin of the sound (TAA) Speak out, and voice (QAAF) whispered.3. The Arabian Peninsula accents is consistent in speaking out recipes and whisper amplification and instability in their voices.4. The origin of the movements is long movements, and that the referral is a secondary development of ALLF and YAA and originated from opening a branch of it.5. The (focal point) does not exist in the Arabian Peninsula accents, their movement is not transmitted, and the phenomenon of insults facilitate a common phenomenon in the Arabian Peninsula accents.6. The voice is not a Noon rather than movement, and supports Noon with other letters.7. The scholars differed in some voices which (O Allah)8. Where Meem where the amplification and veneration, and the origin of (even) the eye and is not HAA, and (garlic) in which the original Althae dialects and got rid of it and replaced it in the SEEN and the SHIN.And discussed in the second chapter in the light of the controversy morphological study of the Arabian Peninsula dialects and found : - 1. The doors of the act, which counted abnormal scientists are the origins of these dialects in the present tense, although breaking the old linguistic phenomenon of a character, and share these dialects in Waw deleted from the present tense.2. The opening, which will be the second and third annular feature in the Arabian Peninsula accents characters, and the formula (FAAIL) is origin of the name - acting formulations, though Quartet words derived from bilateral substance in these dialects.3. The weights of the six names of mono and bi assets in these dialects.4. These dialects has not adhered to when combining and Deuteronomy markings to distinguish between masculine and feminine, and there were to Fezta (both, and both) Mtnah in these dialects gathered Aloagamah collection of evocative names in Salem.5. The Hamza appear on the image in these dialects.6. I found (Alta) in all the Arabian Peninsula accents to denote the feminization albeit thousand feminization is only the evolution of Alta which turned out to E and then to a thousand.7. Verb matches actor in the recall and feminine in the Arabian Peninsula accents.8. Rehabilitation of some of the terms that scholars have differed in, and these words of the word (name) in which the original is (Shin and Almim), but the word (human) origin on Flan weight, but the word (Emmen God) is derived from Yemen, but the word (devil) Noon the original, and others of the terms that reported assets in light of the study of the Arabian Peninsula, including accents (rIBA, flood, values, and how much) and others.9. Altmiam subsequent voice in Akkadian corresponds Tanween in Arabic, did not mention to distinguish between the outgoing and unspent, or between the name and the verb, or between singular and added.10. The basic meaning of the Decrease in the Arabian Peninsula accents is belittling.11. AZ catch the six names in the addendum in Hebrew and Arabic condition.Discussed in Chapter III : Grammar dispute in the light of the study of the Arabian Peninsula accents and revealed that : - 1. The syntax is the origin of the nouns and verbs, and that assertion is not in the syntax it is a linguistic phenomenon occur in the language, syntax, and it came to ease on the tongue, and that the collection Almant Salem riveted slot in all the Arabian Peninsula accents.2. The present tense parsed not being similar to the names, but for being a kind of act, and raised in Akkadian despite the entry of the monument factors and boots him, but the word (even) preposition and monument of the verb tense in the Arabian Peninsula accents.3. The Alljhat is barely differentiate conjunctions (but Waw) did not respond to the present tense erected after him, and that the origin of conditional sentence to be a reaction condition past and Answer condition Mdharaa brought.4. The verb is in the Arabian Peninsula dialects derived from the tenses.5. The distraction in the management definition in the Arabian Peninsula accents met Hamza in Arabic, and that the pronouns in which the original conscience as a whole, and (Ia) are the basis for Mufaolah mark originally in the conscience of the separate (you) word as a whole, the common root of the name of the signal (ZAA) in accents the Arabian Peninsula, and the use of reference name instead of conjunctive name out in these dialects, and waw in the word (those) out and not overloaded.6. Complex numbers Mdghamh with each other in Akkadian do not know the number of the boat in. In Hebrew intervention definition on complex number deficit tool.7. Agree accents the Arabian Peninsula in the feminization of the masculine number (3 - 10).8. The ground in the word (one hundred) original and not overloaded.9. Described accents the Arabian Peninsula being the actual accents, which are divided into actions past and PRESENT permanent and done, and cause non emphasis acts Almdharah them.10. Share these dialects in many of the characters, including the character (to) benefit reasoning, and (lam) in which the meaning of consensus (in order), and that the original etymological's (not) and (not) one, and (Seine) part deductible from (you will), responded (Ba) for Tbaad in these dialects, and (lam) in the sense (in a) and (a) indicate the different meanings.11. The scholars differed in some words of them (now) origin in the light of the study of the Arabian Peninsula accents expressing but not built, and (so) did the name, (not) a vehicle of exile character (not) and verb (ACE) in the sense (none), and ( Latt) to Alta which is not for the feminization of it is the origin of the word.

تداخل الانواع الادبية والفنية في شعر الجيل التسعيني العراقي == Overlap Of Literary And Art Genres In The Verse Of 1990s Generation Of Iraqi Poets

Author name: كريم عجيل صاحي الهاشمي
Supervisor name: طالب عويد نايف الشمري
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: لا يخفى على المختصين بالادب والنقد ان النص المتداخل يمثل وحدة نصية تتسم بالاشكالية الادبية والفنية معا، الامر الذي يؤسس مطلبا لكشفها ورصدها في النصوص الابداعية من هذا النوع، التي تعد مجالا رحبا للدراسة والبحث، لما ينطوي عليه من كثافة لغوية تعبر عن خفاي | The 1990s Iraqi poets generation isconsidered as one of the important generations of Iraqi poets in the field of culture and literary criticism due to the fact that its poets have acquainted themselves with the achievement of the former generations and attempted to comprehend it within adeep artistic vision in order to establish a trend guided by awareness of these visions and broad enough to embrace their different orientations and aspirations on the level of vision and art. This achievement was flexible thanks to its transformational structuralism from the lyrical poetic patterns to the dramatic narrative ones that came as a response to the requirements of denotation through anew formulation springing from the creativity co - occurring with the multiple literary genres. Overlap means that a single genre enters into various interrelations rendering it acceptable by the receiver through utilizing its formative elements and using them as new elements and tools of this new generated art (poetry) in order to create the aesthetic pleasure and to bring verse into the domain of the open text that can embrace fine arts.The verse 1990s generation of Iraqi poets overlapped via a series of stylistic and artistic techniques that consist with the textual content of their poetic texts due to the structural peculiarity of the course of poetic structure in spite of the confusion and looseness inflicted by modernism approaches that seek to remove boundaries separating literary genres, even though they did not cancel the delicate internal characteristics between them. So the approaches mentioned remain in bad need of them and their existence is necessary to identify the amount of displacement that ensues or the new deviation in their generalities that tend by their overlap to formulate and merge with other genres through the flexibility that the 1990s poem providesThe overlap between the poetic and the narrative has become clear. The dissertation came across many details that indicate the kind of this overlap, its methods and styles and these were studied according to the predominant ones of which. It has also become clear that the poem of the 1990s Iraqi generation of poets is a flexible one in terms of its theme and style and embraces the fields of modernism and consequently embraces the ideas and visions of their composers in the midst of hard circumstances surrounding their lives yet the broadness of vision entertained by this generation poets made them overtake the epic without isolating themselves from its painful details.These mechanisms that cope with verse came to be one of its aesthetic foundations that distinguish it and made it a text open to overlap with the other genres in their interaction and communication with each other let alone their consistency with the allegorical poetic discourse structures which represent a concomitant feature of the verse genre. The narrative techniques have become predominant in the text components, for verse represents a pure creative field but it infiltrates to all other fields able to put up with its effectiveness in infiltration and its ability to create a montage that renders the poetic production of images and others consistent with its delicate details through different axes as illustrated in the textual corpora.The 1990s text entails that time is not fixed because it represents a frame of the text and is involved in the crux of the textual structure and its organization.Reading the poetic achievement of the 1990s Iraqi generation of poets, we may conclude the presence of a great interactive recognition in the patterns of setting structure formulation and its prominent presence in their poetic texts on both the single structure and the total structure of H - setting a matter which shrouded their texts with aesthetic and technical features that the receiver can feel in their verse, for its well - known that man by nature deeply related with place. Undoubtedly, the poet, therefore pays special attention to it and his relationship with the place is exceptional and his recognition of its effect is tremendous and this results in a peculiar relation between the poet and the place with an interactive dynamism that generates different meanings. The poets of this generation made use of the interpretive level and its broad scope to embody the theme of event in a concomitant way that combines both the real and the imagined. It may also show the dynamism of the event and highlight it by the role that the characters play in the narrative poetic text and their unity in a relationship that reveals the nature of the event and its type when it relies on different religious and folkloric references.It has also become clear that the 1990s generation of Iraqi poets wanted to introduce a poetic achievement far from adherence to boundaries that separate it from the other artistic and literary genres, their achievement, therefore, was rich with overlap with these arts in a way that opens a large scope of stylistic and technical exchange a matter which characterized it with the feature of interaction through the employment of contextual structure techniques and textual structure styles. It is obvious that the poet was deeply concerned with the overlap between cinema and poetry and it is easy to conclude that the 1990s verse in Iraqi overlapped with cinema art and the fields of imagery that it employs follows the rules and techniques of this art to the extent that its well - known procedural tools allow both on the level of acting and direction. Cinema was one of the most important arts that overlapped with verse and through this overlap, it enables the poet to express his views and ideas in accordance with the features that characterize cinema. It is clear for all those concerned with cinema now important are the audio and the visual effects in the production of the cinematic picture, for these effects play an auxiliary role in the completion of the picture and making it easy to comprehend on the part of the receiver in order to emulate the real life that the cinema clips is tackling.It was revealed that this overlap was based in accordance with apattern of diverse and multiple structure in which poets resort once to following a traditional system of cinematic art and portraying things as they are in real life, and another follows the new trend of this art and avoid the exact imitation of real life in the pictured narrative material. It is not hard, anymore for the literary text receiver to observe that literary arts of various types are overlapping to the extent that it's now possible that they meet and introduce a single creative discourse for they all seek to perform an aesthetic effect on receives via expressive diversification and indication that crystalize the vision of its producer. Literature attempted to make use of painting effects through the diversification that overlap between verse and other arts permits and tried to paint with words. The employment of painting in 1990s verse was not confined to sketching the picture and embodying its dimensions via words alone but the increase in this employment in most their poetic texts so it overtook it in a manner that make it a participant in the acts of characters when they imitate a certain scene

المعايير النصية في كتاب تحف العقول عن ال الرسول لابي محمد بن علي الحراني (ت 381 هـ) == Textual Standards In The Book Of Minds Jewels Of Prophet's Family

Author name: قاسم صاحب كريم الاسدي
Supervisor name: صالح هادي شمام القريشي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study sought to apply the methodology text linguistics represented the seven criteria that classified all of the de Bojerand, and Drssler, and made her mainly from the basics of text, and the most important components.It has adopted the method of selection to choose texts of sermons and governance, and necessitated the nature of the subject and the material available that includes research on the introduction and preface, three chapters and a conclusion.I began to boot three sections, the first section dealt with the life of Shaykh Ibn Harrani Division, and related, where he was born and his studies and his scientific stature and moral and elders and his students and his death and its effects. The second section was the definition of a book (Antiques minds for each apostle) and its content and its place and accounted for and sources. The third section, was in linguistics understandable language text of the text and the impact of the Arabs in the text studies, and the concept of the text and idiomatic origins when linguists, and edit terminology. And I discussed in the first chapter, which relates to the text and are standard : foundries (Cohesion) and harmony (harmony).And it worked first internal structures of the text - grammatical ones - which is the formal means of cohesion that connects parts of the text among themselves; from about : repetition, and the definition or identification, referral, and deletion, and linking.The second and singled in the FAQ relations, to detect the manifestations of harmony enjoyed by the sermons and governance, including the antagonistic relationship or (bilateral antibody) and the relationship overall, and cutting - relationship is why the result and relationship requirement answer and the relationship of the question and answer and addendum relationship and the alternative relationship.And was based Chapter II : over related Bmstamla text, whether it is a product of the text, or Mstamla, two standard : intentional (Intentionality), and acceptability (Acceptability), the first and singled on the study of the purposes of the author and analyzed, and what was purports to deliver it to the recipient, including the concept of intentionality, and concept to the ancient Arabs and the direct and indirect purposes when the ancient Arabs, and intent from the perspective of text linguistics, direct and purposes (phenomenon), and the purposes of indirect (hidden).The second and singled in the acceptability of the texts of sermons and rule the recipient and its interaction with her, and to achieve textual property, including the concept of acceptance or admissibility, and acceptance from the perspective of text linguistics, and the mystery and acceptance and understanding and acceptance, and the factors that help the recipient to understand and types of reading in the process of understanding the receiver, and acceptance of linguistic lesson of the Arab perspective.The third chapter was reciting in relation to the physical and cultural context surrounding the text, including the standards : media (Informativity) and Almqamah (Situationality), then intertextuality surrounding it, eat concept of linguistic and terminological and.Me was the first section of media study and concept and media in sermons and governance, and the media in sermons and governance, and in the media and as a metaphor and information.The second topic I care study Almqamah, and regards this standard on the occasion of the text, and related material and cultural context and the position and the circumstances context in linguistic lesson Arab, and when grammarians and Albulageyen and commentators, and when linguists modernists, and the types of context, and context internal or linguistic, and external context, or the context of the situation, Oosyak place, or Almajeryat.The third section of the highlights intertextuality, and the extent of its prevalence in the texts of sermons and judgment, and his contribution to the building reads, and the delivery of its purposes to the receiver, and ensures intertextuality language and idiomatically, and intertextuality in linguistic lesson Arab, and forms of intertextuality in Antiques Minds book (proverbs and governance), Direct and intertextuality (Tnas Transfiguration) and intertextuality indirectly (Tnas rough), and intertextuality with the Koran, and intertextuality with the Hadith, and intertextuality with hair, and intertextuality with proverbs..Then concluded the thesis conclusion, said the most important of our findings, and proven sources and references, which was based on our research.

النحو الوظيفي بين المعاصرة وتراث الاصوليين == The Functional Grammar Between Contemporaries And Fundamentalists' Heritage

Author name: فوزية فهد صخي
Supervisor name: زينب عبد الحسين بلال السلطاني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The contemporary functional grammar theory could be sought in linguistic Arabic topics without resorting to or linguistic heritage including fundamental heritage which is the subject of our research. The study of both make us more justice for the efforts of fundamentalists from one side and updating our cognition from other side. The research falls into three chapters The first chapter : It deals with functional grammar and its method and that includes three units , the 1st unit : theory of verbal verbs. This theory has been established by the philosopher ( Austen) who was affected by the philosophy of (Fatgh Nishtien) in his theory (the linguistic bases) that being ensued from the philosophy of ( normal language). The most important aspect of this theory is the intend meaning, on other word ,it should know the intention of the speaker in order to know the meaning of speech. After that, (Siral) developed the theory of ( Austen) to classify the verbal actions s to actual actions either be direct or indirect. The second unit is the theory of (Ghutlub Furayjah), he investigated into Nouns in his book (( Use of accounting),the fundamentalists study main structure of word. The third unit is the context and intention , the linguistic event in the contemporary studies has been considered as a basis for that. The third chapter's 1st unit refers to the phrase and its function in structure , the rank , the omission.The change in the phrase components arrangement is for consistency, the subject might come in advance for the purpose of attracting attention or Mubtadaa might come first in the noun phrase for the same purpose. The fundamentalists were aware that the sentences' verbalizations might be conformed, but be different in meanings as to express speaker intention. Some of contemporary figures saw that expression is to uncover contextual relations ,the fundamentalists paid more attention to sentence analysis since the latter occupies high prestige, besides , the fundamentalists concerned with omission which is considered as a fallen element as that being imposed for the safety of sentence structure. The second unit is the predicting and composition sentence. Austen had distinguished between the descriptive and accomplished sentence. The fundamentalists had also distinguished between the predicating and composition sentences. The third unit assigned for an Order.The third chapter falls into two units , the 1st unit assigned for dialogue necessity and this related to the favor of the philosopher of the language (Ghryaz). The latter discovered the difference between (what is said and what is to be accomplished). The fundamentalists considered the dialogue necessity as conception through differentiating between the spoken and concept and the context has a big role to realize the meaning in the phrase. The other unit in the third chapter is the interpretation ,having a large role in tightening the text. It could be noted the similarity and difference between the contemporary and fundamentalist research, sometimes the latter surpasses the former due to its richness , but the contemporary characterized with accuracy despite the need to be investigated asto develop it.

البناء الفني في شعر ابن زمرك الاندلسي 797هـ == The Technical Struchure Of The Verse Of Ibn Zumrak Al - Andulsi

Author name: علاء طالب عبد الله العاني
Supervisor name: سحاب محمد رشم الاسدي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: Aliraqia University - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Islam ruled Andalucia for eight centuries during which Arabs Iaid the foundations of a great civilization. Andalucia became the bridge on which the Arabic culture crossed to Europe. When conflicts and domestic differences spread, the nation split up and became too weak to stop the Christian attacks in the north of the island. However the Arabic cultural heriage remained as a witness of the Arabic mental talent represented in various fields of Knowledge. Hence research work should reveal those distinguished masters of literature and their precious treasures. Ibn Zomrak was of those masters who marked an important stage out in the history of Arabic thought in Andalucia during a critical period of a threating collapse. He lived in the first half of the eighth Higri century and became one the distinguished people of the cultural movement in Grenada where litrary life flourished despite the deteriorated political conditions and the retraction of Arabic rule and the fall of the big bases in Andalucia. Ibn Zomrak was one of the Andalusi poest hose poetry was characterized by Keebing the inherited from and exploring new ideas , meanings, and images. He was one of many other poets whose potry needs to be exblored and revealed to readers to establish one pillar in the Andalusi studies. This study attempts to shed light on one of the poets of Andalucia whose poetry was scattered out in various Andalusi and east and west Arabic countries. The study collected, analyzed and verified his poetry and put it in its proper place among the poetry of his contempoatry great poets such as Ibn Elkhateeb, Ibn khatima, Abi - El - Bakaa, as he had a great aristic talent of writing poetry. The study is made up of an introduction, four chapters, and a con clusion. The introduction deals with the poet's evvironment which represents the geographical, political, cultural and constructional aspects of Granada; the birthplace of lbn Zomrak, and all of its surroundings such as hills, mountains, rivers, gardens, etc. In the introduction l referred to the policy adopted at home and abroad and the treaties of reconciliation and and friendship between the Kingdom of Granada and its neighboring countries. part of the inteduction tackled the conflicts among the members of the ruling family and the political relationships between the Kingdom Granada and the friendly Kingdom of Morocco ( Kingdom of Bani Mareen ) and the enemy Christion Kingdom of Castilla and Argoon. Then I dealt with the cultural environment and the literary development as a result of Bani Nasr's encouraging of a group of distinguished poets, thinkers, linguists, scientists, and doctors and the establishing of Yousofiya School and recruiting the best qualified teachers for it

المتن والهامش في الكتاب لــ ادونيس : دراسة نقدية == Text And Margin In Adonis's "The Book" : A Critical Study

Author name: عز الدين صخي خضير
Supervisor name: عصام عسل حسن العتابي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The thesis deals with the text and the margin in Adonis's "The Book" A Critical Study. It describes the central saying which dominates the content of The Book on special level. On the other hand, It dominates the history of the population on public level. It is a hegemony throwing light on Adonis's view point who has uttered the culture of the transformed text. It springs from philosophical basis, believing in the principle of move due to the move of reality, leading to guarantee the Adonisian pure transformation, that forms an intellectual, knowledgeable, innovative and aesthetic break off with what is prevalence in the Arabic and global cultures.Adonisian text is interwoven one; many philosophies and culture has melted within it. Therefore, his text is a combination of poetry and intellect simultaneously. The Graphic and textual structure of the Book has gained a special importance; on hand described as a new innovative writerly text, history is dissolved within it. On the other hand, described as a science embracing all types of cultures - sometimes they cross with poetry and other time they meet with it. The former reveals the hegemony and persecution; the latter glorifies the innovation and liberation, and between this and that the opposition between text and margin, emerges the former glorifying, and the latter critical, within them dialectic occurs at which time is existed in its three dimensions (the past, the present and future) - exposing and knowledgeable - leading to the victory of the text over the margin and that is through presenting unified and comprehensive vision about reality. Its principal relies on the principle of motion; It leads the necessity of transformation. Through the induction of the whole content of "The Book" it turns out that the graphic and textual structure same as pyramid; religion serves as its basis, cylinder is composed of text and margin, and its top is the vantage point. So the start is deconstructive mode, its conflict is exposure and the salvation / vision, A structure each part of it inescapably depends on the other; and this combination of parts leads to vision / salvation. The hypothesis of thesis attempts to be proven from the introduction to the conclusion. It divides thesis into an introduction and three chapters discussing the reading of the text and margin in Adonis "The Book"; it depends on three pivots; first fundamental; second foundation; and the third the term which seeks for the potential exemplar of knowledge beyond Adonis's creative and intellectual idea. On the light of the exemplar, the term "the text and the margin in The Book" will be specified. The first chapter is The start / Deconstruction which discusses the tools of Adonis's critical view point toward The Stable / The religion. The first tool : the rebellion against the sacred; the second : the glorification of sin. Chapter two is The Conflict / the revelation which throws light on the dialectic of text and margin leading to exposing knowledge. That is achieved through three points; first is the combinative structure of The Book; the second is the dialectic the history of authority / the margin. The third is the dialectic of glorification / the body. Chapter three is salvation / visions which consists of a comprehensive vision discussing its singularity and its optimistic / pessimistic dimensions. The systematic and academic process of thesis ends up with conclusion which recapitulates the important results of the research, on intellectual level is that man in the absolute center of universe. On the creative level is that poetic writings do not correspond with axioms. However it is a perpetual transformation producing suspicion and anxiety in all certainties.

المحاكمات لعبد الكريم بن عبد الجبار التبريزي (ت بعد 831هـ) : دراسة نحوية مع تحقيق الكتاب

Author name: عبد الرحمن اسماعيل خليل التميمي
Supervisor name: عقيل رحيم علي اللامي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الحمد لله رب العالمين، والصلاة والسلام على خاتم الانبياء والمرسلين. وبعد.. تفضل الله علي بان جعلني طالبا للدكتوراه في كلية الاداب - قسم اللغة العربية - جامعة بغداد، ولابد لكل طالب ان يختار موضوعا يقدم فيه اطروحة الدكتوراه، فيسر الله لي الوصول الى | IN THE NAME OF ALLAH, THE MOST MECIFUL, THE MOST GRACIOUSPraised be Allah and His last of the Messengers (peace be upon him) …Allah blessed me and made me a PhD student in the College of Arts/Department of Arabic Language - University of Baghdad. Each researcher is required to choose a subject to write a thesis on, with the support of Allah I found the Book Script of (The Trails in the Answers of the Objections) for Abdul Kareem Al Tabrizi (dated after 831 Hijra), I was able to find five hand written copies of the original script.The plan of the study is : PART ONE : A STUDY OF THE AUTHOR AND THE BOOKChapter One : (The Pillars of the Trails : their lives and influences) : This chapter examined the translations of Abdul Kareem Al Tabrizi, Al Zamakhshari, Al Kutub Al Razi and Jamal AlDin Al ‘aksra’i.Chapter Two : (The Trails Book : Definition and Characterization) : This chapter examined the title of the book, descent, reason of writing, resources and evidences, the method of the author and his Syntactic Doctrine, the significance of the book and the variety of its researches.Chapter Three : This chapter is given the title (Syntactic Researches in the parts of the word) which examined the questions of the nouns, verbs and prepositions.Chapter Four : In this chapter I examined the question related to the Making of the Syntax, the questions in the meanings of Grammar, I also added other different Grammatical problems, that is why it was given the title (Grammatical Problems).Chapter Five : (Characterization of the copies of the Script and the Method of the investigation). A copies of the copies of the Script are attached to this chapter.PART TWO : EXAMINED THE INVESTIGATED TEXT.I finalized my research with a conclusion that recorded the significant results of the study, supported with a list of art references for the material included in the investigated text.The Characterizations of the research : 1 - The diversity of the problems this book collected, the largest share was related to the Arabic language and linguistics; such as Syntax, phonology, morphology, Semantics, in addition to the problems related to the Science of Quran, and Logical problems.2 - This book is considered the first of the investigations of Abdul Kareem Al Tabrizi. Never before this book such an investigation was published, hence the Trails book was the first of such publication and workbooks.3 - Uncovering a grammatical and linguistic character that can be added to the list of our solid linguists who investigated the Science of Al - Quran and published books about it.4 - Abdul Kareem Al Tabrizi supported Al Kutub Al Razi in most of the problems, he also appeared to accuse Al A’ksra’i with misrepresentation of sayings, dishonesty, and the lack of authentic original resources. The study of these problems supported with the statements of the authentic authors proved what the Tabrizi concluded in his investigations.5 - The various points of views presented that are related to each one of the problems does not mean that any of them is right and the rest is wrong, they only mean the various point of view that supports the right sides, each of the teams present their opinions and conclusions, and is based on narrated and reasonable evidence that are authentic and proved righteous. I ask thankfully Allah be praised to always show me the right way

مصطلحات الدلالة في الدراسات اللغوية المعاصرة

Author name: شذى حسين علي التميمي
Supervisor name: علي حاتم الحسن
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Knowledge of science is associated with the terms. It is the language of scientist and the scholars and the basis of study and research, because to take a thing out of mystery of the curriculum and its difference. Semantic is a branch science of linguistics that has its own terminology which is indicators of its meanings and themes for its importance in facilitating science. Semantic is an old science in its themes and objectives. However, it is new in its terms and means and in the development of other sciences. Arab linguists and scholars cared for it. They did not care however for the terms for the late linguists and the scholars of principles of logic. Some of them were intersected with the terms of Semantic (especially the denotation and the denoted). Semantic as a term for the conversationalist in Iraq began in the 19th century for MishalBeryal, and the terms were accepted by the scholars and the students alike. Semantic has many meaning and varied which is not limited and increasable according to the discretion of the scholars and their imagination and the Linguistic Complexities in the Arab states. The progress of time in the course of research in terminology and the appearance of many researchers and books and the difference of approaches and aims of the study that the scholars focus on a study other than the others. In addition to the nature of the work and the studying in them, all that led to change in the terms of the change in the terms and the emergence of chaos. In addition to that translation added many of the semantic terms which indicate availability in Arabic and its ability to communicate the scientific linguistic with other language. Some of these synonyms - the translated term - have poseda problem. The concept in the other language is not coinciding with the Arabic terms and the problem was doubled in the writings of the scholars. We find a portion of them writing the terms in English and other in French and German, some combine the two or three languages

الاشتقاق بين القدماء والمعاصرين : دراسة موازنة == The Derivation For The Old According To Modern Derivational Theories

Author name: سنان عبد الستار طه
Supervisor name: هند عباس علي الحمادي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The dissertation includes an inflectional issue that was and still is a point of disagreement among the old and modernists, namely derivation, and what followed that issue of kinds and disagreement about the first origin of language among the uni - , bi - and triple. Then we listed the disagreement in the inflectional themes and then the sources and derivatives and the origin of diminutives. We resorted to the decisions of the Scientific Complex as supporting evidence to what the old and modernists have come up with. Therefore, the dissertation included a preface and three chapters : The Preface includes a study of the word (shaq) “to derive” in the Holy Quran. We proved that these is a variation in the usage of this word inside the Quranic context. We divided that variation according to the three following semantic fields : The first semantic field : openness Thesecond semantic field : disagreementThe third semantic field : whimsThe first chapter includes the study of the term of derivatives between its traditional and modern lingual lesson, in two inquiries : The first inquiry : the concept of derivative for the old.The second inquiry : the concept of derivative for the modernists.Divided into two for the Arabs and the second for westerns.The second inquiry studies the opinions of scholars derivation. The first subsection : the opinions of scholars between acceptance and rejection.The second subsection : the origin of derivation.The third subsection : types of derivation.The fourth subsection : Arabization of intruding words and its relation to derivation.The second inquiry is about the lingual origin between its traditional origin and modern linguistic lesson. The inquiry divided into three subsections : The first subsection : the unilateral origins. The second subsection : the dual origins. The third subsection : the triple origins.The third chapter is devoted to the study of the origins of derivation, affinity and diminutives between their traditional origins and modern linguistic lesson. The first inquiry divided into four subsections : The first subsection is about the originsThe second subsection : the mem sourcesThe third subsection : the once sourcesThe fourth subsection : the form sourceThe second inquiry : derivatives , which are : First subsection : active participle second subsection : semi adjective.Third subsection : exaggeration fourth subsection : passive participleFifth subsection : preference noun sixth subsection : device noun Seventh subsection : time and place noun The third inquiry : affiliation fourth inquiry : diminution.The dissertation is concluded with the most important findings of the study and a list of references.

الهجاء والسخريـة في شعر الحطياة وابن بسام البغدادي : دراسة موازنة == Satire And Sarcasm For Al - Huttaya’A And Ibn Bassam Al - Baghdadi A Balanced Study

Author name: سلمى كاظم نمر العتابي
Supervisor name: علاء جاسم جابر
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: After this long journey in the world of references and resources which have given me a lot of enjoyment I am about to embark on the end of my journey, here we should mention the most important results of this research : The way of balance was not easy, but risky because it is a thorny way and comprehensive process. Balancing between Al - Huttaya’a and Ibn bassam Al - Baghdadi - in their satirical sarcastic poetry she light on whatever concerned the two pets and revealed the hidden aspects of their lives and the influences in their satirical course depending the analysis and deduction in an objective way. The research revealed the circumstances surrounding the two poets. Their effect was one which is the hard circumstances that surrounded them and created two troubled, worried and troubled characters. There were incentives for their satire and sarcasm some was psychological and some was personal, social or political. The psychological incentive was stronger for Al - Huttaya’a while the political incentive was for Ibn bassam.For the trends of satire and sarcasm for the two poets, they share some and each was unique. The subject of satire which they share is self - satire, family (father, mother and siblings), the social segments like stingy people, cowards, liars, fools, etc. Also, they satirized the statesmen like caliphs, viziers, and rulers. The technical study took the great part of the balance the two poets for the inquiries and sections included, especially imagery like simile, metaphor and metonymy. For language they differed from each other in some aspects like the satirical tone : Al - Huttaya’a was characterized by his Bedouin language with its eloquence, while Ibn Bassam's language is simple and popular. The poetic segment is the dominant form on their satirical verse. They used some of the technical methods like interrogation, imperative, prohibition, interdiction, vocative, etc. The poets’ interest with the poetic rhythm : internal and external, in terms of meter and rhyme, the two poets did not get away from the meters of Artbaic poetry which were found by Al - Khalil bin Ahmed Al - farahidy. They also cared for the aesthetic devices like repetition, inlaying, segmentation, calembour, paronomasia, antithesis and opposition, etc.In the balance of critics, the two poets have gained a high satirical rank. Both were masterful of their arts and they were called ‘the poets of satire.’The satire of Al - Huttaya’a is modest and away from obscenity while that of Ibn Bassam was obscene.Al - Huttaya’a was outstanding in personal satire, while Ibn Bassam was remarkable in his political satire due to the bad political circumstances. Finally, this study tackled the hidden aspects of the two poets Al - Huttaya’a who lived between pre - Islamic period and Islam and Ibn Bassam Al - Baghdadi who lived in the Second Abbasid Era.

انغـلاق النص وانفتاحه : دراسة تطبيـقية في شعر سعـدي يوسف == Lock Text And Openness 'An Empirical Study In The Poetry Of Saadi Yousef '

Author name: سحر هادي سعيد شبر
Supervisor name: عادل كتاب نصيف العزاوي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The literary text pattern deemed as practiced triggering vital alone in terms of fit to the laws and texts with high levels of linguistic, bunk stylistic and artistic technique , could show textual forms documented the world of publishing , reaching him the world of reading , and while reached the the latter's world does not stop the effects of its vitality alone as much as purposes of meeting him a text to read and follow them , since the reading of a text next to text and caused him ,they will apply effective measures productivity semantic and tamping methodology very slow beginnings indeed its structure and its components. Thus, the text of one of the most read and most of my readers thanks to the approach being - Al - simologia opinion on an open system of tags with multiple meanings - but this will be restricted with its text that text which was written to accept readings openness to accept or read seclusion. So become texts of Iraqi poet Saadi Youssef manifested to some extent be studied according to this hermeneutical method which enables the progress of the class readings and text together , and then arrive at the results of the most prominent : - The product of the CSS text reading levels utilize a closed endorsement by anglguet connotations single has traded for just once , but otherwise the text open. - Leads the CSS text tools endorsement classical , traditional and mechanics of rhetorical , but this will read in accordance with the classical approach of cash , but he wants the readers of this and what can not because of the finite number of health. While apply measures reading the Open text proven its mechanisms deconstruction start of structuralism even beyond , as well as outsource views philosophical and intellectual modernist and perceived than postmodern especially reclining on their references , because any text - especially these texts envisaged by the search - can not be an endorsement without Tans as structures above the lingual. Is the gene for him and float in the areas of systemic as contained to the assignments of substantive enveloped approved history, culture and politics.. but would not otherwise have emerged reading Open hermeneutical no intention Eco researched and before critic Bart... etc. And on this basis clashed reading textual genetic in pursuit of this Significance / meaning the possibility of losses to achieve even spell readings. Echelon elicit other assignments Caldal who wrote it. - It seems that the performance of language script and Artistic is not enough to open the text on more money open , there are there mechanics technique support for a recipe the opening tribute , but may be its deepenth on the meaning of unilateral intended by Author implicit Among these mechanisms carry the poet Saadi performance textual contains the types of various of margins and supplements , additions and the colored in writing the text for implicit reading of bodies as a whole.

نقد البلاغة : دراسة في المشروع البلاغي للدكتور محمد العمري == Rhetoric Criticism Study In The Rhetoric Project Of Dr. Mohammed Al Omari

Author name: زينب ميثم علي
Supervisor name: فائز هاتو الشرع
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: فقد بينت النظريات والمناهج النقدية المعاصرة, بعد تفعيلها قراءة النص ان النصوص التراثية قابلة للتشكل وفق تصور حديث قد يختلف عن تصور منتجها, وقد اتضح مدى عمق كشف هذه النظريات للاسس التي ارساها بلاغيو العرب, التي كانت, ولا تزال محط انظار كبار النقاد والباحثي | Showed the theories and methods of monetary modern yet activated to read the text that the traditional texts are constituted in accordance with the perception of an interview differs from the perception of governing, as evidenced by the depth of these theories and foundations established by the Arabs, which was and still is the focus of attention leading critics and researchers rhetoric, reflected this perception in the project Dr. Mohammed Omari in reading the Arab eloquence, and it was the title of our research "Rhetoric Criticism study in the rhetoric project of Dr. Mohammed Al Omari" to solidify this perception, came divided Find the three seasons after booting between the Biography scientific Dr. Mohamed Omari, the concept of criticism of rhetoric, either the first chapter was titled "terms of reference of the project" has included three sections are : References Greek, Arabic and references, and the third section of Western references.The second chapter entitled "read the rhetoric" and included three topics are : the history of rhetoric, which included the history of magnificent poetic, and the date of the statement of rhetoric, and the date of the public rhetoric, the second section theories of rhetoric, which included the receipt of Western theories, Arabic and theories, while the third section was titled criticism rhetoric, which included cash of trends in rhetoric, and rhetoric bosses, and rhetorical Studies in cash.The third chapter, entitled "rhetorical project," which included three sections weakness : the concept and the term that was affiliated beneath terms that re - flick about, localized terminology, innovative and terminology, while the second section titled theoretical dimension included poetic discourse, discourse deliberative Hajaji, and of public rhetoric , while the third section came under the name Applied oriented included voice applications graphic, persuasive applications deliberative, public rhetoric applications. He concluded several search results Perhaps the most prominent. - Greek, Arab and Western Omari Project, it was the Greek in the establishment of the theoretical basis deliberative side persuasive, while formed to study the root acoustic balance, while contributed Western references in the order of these topics and consistency in a new configuration. - Track Dr. Omari in "read the rhetoric," its history and progress and the different sciences receive literature and speech from rhetorical to another in spaced periods of time, noting obtained evolution, as explained various theories special Ultimate received.

الملامح الشعرية في روايات طــه حامـد الشبيب == The Poetics Of The Narration In The Novels Hamid Al - Shabeeb

Author name: رجاء عبد داود سلمان الزكي
Supervisor name: سلافة صائب خضير العزاوي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This study tackles the theme of the Poetics of the Narration in the Novels Hamid Al - Shabeeb. The study is subdivided into a Preface and three chapters. In the preface we studied the concept of poetics in narration and its meaning. Chapter One studies the levels of the peoticlangauein the novels of Hamid Al - Shabeeb tackling in the first inquiry the ideological level, in the second inquiry we studied the expression in the third inquiry we tackled the psychological level, the fourth inquiry we studied the narrative space. In Chapter Two we traced the poetics of time in three inquiries : the first is about the narrative of time, in the second inquiry we study the level of the duration (duration). The third inquiry is about the level of recurrence. The third inquiry follows the poetics of the place in the first inquiry includes the dimension of time and its types. He narrative place comes in the second inquiry.We included in the Conclusion the most important findings of the study : 1 - The concept of poetic language is the most accepted in the poetic language, because poetic language is more expressive and better in status. In addition to that it beaches the rules ofthe ordinary language. It also displaces it and reconstructs it again in new structural order. Poetic language composes the non - compassable.2 - Time includes recalling and foreseeing. Recalling is the process of remembering the incidents from the past and calling them to the represent time by the similar to these events. The foreseeing means anticipating the future. Maybe this is related to dreams sprang from optimism and excitement.3 - For the place and its importance as far as the novel is concerned. Place includes the closed space and the open space. There is also the realistic place and the imaginary place in the novel. In the end of the dissertation were listed a list of the references and resources and an abstract in English.

السردية في اخبار نفح الطيب من غصن الاندلس الرطيب == Narrativity In Anecdotes Of "Nafh Al. TIb Min GhusN Al.Anduls Al. RatIb

Author name: رائد يونس لفتة
Supervisor name: سناء ساجت هداب
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This dissertation is designed to stady the narrativity of anecdotes in Book of "Nafh? al. T?ib Min Ghus?n al.Anduls al.Rat?ib".The dissertation consists at an introduction and three chapters. The introduction is dedicated to deal with aspects at the title in three topics, as follows : 1. Narrativity and Narratology.2. Narrativity and Anecdotes.3. "Nafh? al. T?ib" : the book and author.The first chapter which is entitled as "Anecdote as a genre" is devoted to high light the definitions of anecdote and its sources, in two sections : Section one : Elements of anecdote.Section two : Sources of anecdote.The second chapter which is entitled as "The Narrative forms" concens with the forms of anecdote in three sections : Section one : Tale.Section two : Story.Section three : Biography.The third chapter which is entitled as "The Temporal Series of Events" falls in tow section : Section one : Conflict.Section two : Event Description.The dissertation has com up to a conclusion summarizing the final results.

نقض الغرض في العربية : دراسة صرفية نحوية == Refutation Of Purpose In Arabic (A Morphological And Grammatical Study)

Author name: حيدر حسين عبيس
Supervisor name: حامد عبد المحسن كاظم الجنابي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: معلوم ان الموانع في العربية كثيرة ومن يتتبع مواطنها لمعرفة ما يختلجها من علل او اسباب يتطلب منه ان يكون ملما بالحقائق اللغوية، مدركا بتصورات اللغويين اتجاه تلك العلل، وهذا ليس بالمطلب السهل بل يحتاج الى حسن التفكر وطول التدبر، وكان من بين هذه | It is known that there are so many ways refutation forms in Arabic and the person who wants to investigate how they work to know their limits or functions should own a wide comprehension concerning linguistics facts. He should realize the aim behind these forms. Of course, understanding that concept is not easy and it needs a high mental ability in addition to rich material from the researcher. He must know what exactly he looks for among many topics inside the linguistics which is known as ( Refutation of Purpose).The importance of studying this aspect comes from that it depends to one of the chapters of the book of (the features ) for Ibn Jiny which is ( Prevention of Refutation of Purpose) which implies lingual matters that avoid refutation forms that Arabians used to use in their common language styles what motivated me to continue studying this concept to reach its aims and the reason behind that concept according to certain principles that submit to mental logic. Through preface chapter, I have discussed the concept of (negation of purpose) and how it could be explained. Through the first chapter which is titled as (negation of Purpose in grammatical chapters). Inside the subdivision of the first chapter, I discussed negation of purpose in singular and plurol forms. In the second subdivision, I have discussed it form origin point of view. The second chapter is under the title (Refutation of Purpose in grammatical Phenomenon). In first subdivision, I have discussed refutation of purpose in brief. In the second subdivision, I discussed refutation of purpose in grammatical issues. In the third subdivision, I mentioned refutation of purpose in definite and non - definite. The fourth subdivision is about refutation of purpose from rink side. The fifth subdivision talks about refutation of purpose in deletion and finally in the sixth subdivision refutation of purpose with multiple means.The third chapter deals with (Refutation of Purpose in grammatical styles) which is listed as the first subdivision is about refutation of purpose in statement styles and it contains (speciality style) ( exception style) ( preference style) (certainty style). The second subdivision deals with refutation of purpose in request composition styles such as ( interrogative style) (warning style) and (calling style). The third subdivision implied refutation of purpose in non - request composition style such as (astonishment style) (appreciation and dis appreciation styles). With God's help to finish this research, I 've got some results. The research has put a definition to a concept of (Refutation of Purpose) as being the preventer to prevent any purpose to deform an aspect whether it has been lingual or in meaning. The research has also clarified that (Refutation of Purpose) is a clear phenomenon in existence and meaning and it forms an important notice in any linguistics job while they are discussing the general body of Arabian language as its being an essential part of Arabic that cannot be ignored. The first linguist who mentioned that concept was Abo Ali Al - Farisi who has transmitted this branch of knowledge to his student Ibn Jiny under the title of (Refutation of Purpose). Finally, I thank God for granting me luck and good will to finish this research.

الحذف بين النحويين والبلاغيين : دراسة تطبيقية

Author name: حيدر حسين عبيد
Supervisor name: رافع اسعد عبد الحليم العاني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: Aliraqia University - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

البحث الصرفي عند العلامة حسن المصطفوي في كتابه التحقيق في كلمات القران الكريم == The Thinker Hassan Almustafawies Morphological Research In His Book ”Investigation In Holy Qurans Words

Author name: حميد يوسف ابراهيم الحسـني
Supervisor name: شاكر سبع نتيش الاسدي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: This study is entitled (The Thinker Hassan Almustafawies Morphological research in his book ”investigation in Holy Qurans words”.The thinker Hassan Almustafawi is one of the famous figures who has encyclopedic knowledge, he is Holy Quran exegetic, and a specialist in theology, language, philosophy, logic, history, and other sciences. He has got Ph.D in Theology. Which has affected his writings, like his book (investigation in Holy Quran Words), which studies the etymology of the words and its developing and practicing on different ways of using of Allah's speech, and he is an Quran scientific encyclopedia, which his author considered as an advanced linguistic instrument and an approach introduction for understanding and exegetic the Holy Quran. His study consists of three chapters the first chapter entitled (methodological features ) and it looks into the features that characterized the investigation of the thinker Hassan Almustafawi in his presentation of morphological material divided into five topics the first one holds the title of inference... and then showing the modality of its morphological inferences... and the second one holds the title of (morphological probability ) while the third section is entitled (the Weighting ), and the fourth section was entitled (criticism and correction / morphological responses) and the fifth topic included other attributes. The second chapter was titled ( morphological semantics), and it had five topics as well, the first section tackled the impact of the single origin theory on which the book was based in the implications of formulas.. and so was entitled (the impact of the idea of the single origin in morphological semantics) while the second topic is entitled ( the structural differences and its impact on the recantation and selection) and it has shown the features of Quraanic Iajaz on the level of selecting morphological formulas. The third passage is studying Almustafawies ideas of the exchanging of morphological forms , and the title was (exchange between morphological forms and his idea about it), the third passage is about the effects of Almustafawies knowledge sources on his way of thinking in morphological problems, the title was then ( his knowledge sources and their effect on his morphological research), which consists five passages, the first of them is : explain the effect of logical knowledge, the second is : explain the effect of philosophical knowledge, the third is : presentation of theology effect , and the forth is the effect of his ideology and knowledge about theology, the fifth is the effect of his language knowledge in his morphological research. The research is finished with the results that the researcher got, like the single etymology is the collective factor between different uses of the word, and that it is a theory suitable for practicing on Holy Quran theory, and that it is capable of building Quranic linguistic theory, and that Almustafawi broadened this theory practices to include morphological forms , and that knowledge sources from which Almustafawi used has affected his ideas about linguistic problems, specially morphological ones

ابنية الافعال في السور السبع الطوال : دراسة لغوية ودلالية

Author name: حسن غازي السعدي
Supervisor name: محمد علي حمزة سعيد الاسدي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: Aliraqia University - College Of Arabic Language And Quran Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

شعر الرابطة القلمية : دراسة سيميائية == The Pen League Poetry A Semiotic Study

Author name: جيدم فاروق عبد الحكيم الونداوي
Supervisor name: اثير محمد شهاب
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

اللسانيات الانثروبولوجية منظور معرفي لدراسة بنية الثقافة العراقية

Author name: جواد كاظم ابراهیم التمیمي
Supervisor name: علاء جبر محمد الموسوي | علي زیدان الجبوري
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

الحجاج في شعر الصعاليك فـي العصـرين الجاهلي والامـوي

Author name: جنان خالد ماهود الجواري
Supervisor name: علاء جاسم جابر
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The present research probes into the portrait of argumentation in AlSalik's poetry. The significance of this research derives from the crucial role played by argumentation in the active intellectual life. This research makes use of modern literary theories in examining AlSalik's poetry. Previous research has overlooked this issue examining other issues like the linguistic or rhetoric aspect of this kind of poetry. It is worth noted that most of AlSalik's poetry is full of argumentation, persuading attempts and submissiveness making it argumentative and far from being simple. This research has dedicated itself to the examination of this kind of poetry from the Pre - Islamic era to the end of Umayyad era. It is theoretical and applied research in nature falling into three chapters with an introduction. The introduction entitled "The Argumentation and its Development" tackles what is meant by argumentation and how it is evolved! Start with defining argumentation linguistically and technically, and following its historical development for westerners and easterners. Chapter one entitled" Elements of Argumentation" has three sections. Section one deals with the AlSaluk poet in the Pre - Islamic, Islamic and Umayyad eras and the reasons behind the emergence of such kind of poets like the poverty, the tribal system and self - conditions. Section two sheds light on the audience of the AlSalik's poetry such as the tribe and the people in the power position. And section three presents the subjects of AlSalik's poetry like adventures, elegies, praising, etc. Chapter two explains the different types of argumentation and arguments. It has two sections. Section one spots light on the various types of argumentation such as acting argumentation, interpreting argumentation and measuring argumentation. Section two deals with the two main types of argument based on Perelman's taxonomy. Chapter three, on the other hand, is divided into two sections. Section one lists the main mechanisms or techniques of argumentation adopted by these poets to persuade their audience including linguistic tools (such as lexical choices, argumentative conjunctions and some verbs), rhetoric tools (such as simile, metaphor and allegory) and metrics (such as antithesis, antonymy and metaphor). Section two is a detailed analysis of Alshanfri's poem shedding lights on his biography and the argumentative nature of his poem. It details the main techniques of argumentation used by the poet in persuading his audience. Finally, the research has been concluded with the main findings achieved highlighting that AlSalik's poetry is not naïve in its nature rather it is based on reasoning which affects the audience and their means.

الجسد في القران الكريم : دراسة سيميائية == The Body In The Holy Qur'an A Semiotic Study

Author name: جاسم جعیز منخي
Supervisor name: عبير بدر عبد الستار
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The body has codes which can sometimes be deciphered and sometimes cannot depending on the nature of the communication between the sender and the receiver and the message type. The researcher chose the sample of his study from the Holy Qura'n using a semiotic model which is the most suitable for analyzing Qur'anic texts.The reason behind choosing body is its expressive power which makes it a language not less important than the spoken language.The aim of the study is to explore : 1.the reason behind Allah's choice of body signs and adding them to Himself.2.the impact of body movements on the psychological, social and cultural dimensions of communication whether positively or negatively.3.the attempt to identify the nearest interpretation to the essence of the text following the contexts in which the body signs are mentioned. 4. identify the controversy over the ternary relationship(Allah, Man and the universe). The study is expected to answer the questions related to body and its relationship to Allah and the universe in attempt to fill in the gap in understanding the interrelationship between the triplex of existence (God, Man and nature) The dissertation falls into four chapters headed by an introduction. The first chapter is a literature review about semiotics and the body.Chapter two discusses the body signs used to describe the Almighty Allah and the reason for using body icons in the description of Allah to pinpoint the connection between Man and Allah.The third chapter is dedicated to body in two ways : the first concerns the dialogue of the human body with itself; the second deals with the dialogue of the body with the other to explore the implication of the expressive capacity of the body.The fourth chapter deals with the attempt to realize the nature of the relationship between the body and nature as ground, plant and clothing and the researcher has also attempted to answer the question about the impact of nature on the body with regard to form and meaning.Finally, the study ends with a conclusion pointing out the researcher's findings.

اراء اللغويين المحدثين في توجيهات الدكتور تمام حسان اللغوية : دراسة وصفية == Views Of Modern Linguists In The Guidance Of Dr. Tammam Hassan Linguistic And Descriptive Study

Author name: بشرى كاظم مثكال
Supervisor name: احلام خليل محمد
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Thankfully the old Justice Enough And peace and blessings on the elite created by Mustafa And his family and companions and traced its effects, and after : There is no doubt that the critical Given by ancient and modern scholars of the Arabic language.Given by scientists in the past and Hadithoanma them to the Holy Quran that the Arabic language Volfoa in various branches of science. Language scientists still did not on this effort in the search And writing until the present era Voshm Linguists in modern Arab language lesson, Renewal and the revival of the Arab grammar lesson, And researchers who have mastered the Arabic Sciences in search and scrutiny professor Dr. Tammam Hassan lesson that the richest linguistic research and study richest Arab library Authorship of several different branches of language.Tammam Hassan is the most important to the modern era Gueye and had views of value in different language systems. That the richest lesson linguistic research and study richest Arab library authorship of several different branches of the language (sonic morphological, and syntactic, and semantic, and interpretive), it did not convince contemporary Western studies; because the language is a social phenomenon is one of the most important aspects of human communication, and that the science of. After that it ended the era of martyrdom has not renewed the linguistic evidence, and here began the imposition of rules, and began to say obligatory and passport, and became Lady texts rules, to talk in which several attempts seeking to renew linguistic studies orclassify new clothes while maintaining the atmosphere appeared era Boot : it offered a brief overview of the life of Dr. Tammam, the most important writings.Chapter One : four the most important Views on issues , and in which topics, namely : first topic : the sound and Crafts.The second topic : exits votes.The third topic / recipes votes.The fourth topic / section. Chapter Two : offered the most important views which Views on and grammatical issues , and the five topics, namely : First topic : DerivativeThe second topic : ABC increase The third topic : . Kalim sections.Section IV : : the expression and the theory of worker.The fifth topic | Time and time morphological grammar.Miscellaneous issues on Views Chapter three : Astdrakath, in which three sections, namely : first topic : the Koran explains mutually. The second topic : the lexicon of the language system systems.Section III : Hassan authoring The fourth topic / calligraphy project Finally I would like to extend my sincere thanks and gratitude to (Prof Dr. Ahlam of Mohammed Khalil) supervising this modest effort and thanks go to all my professors in the Department of

التناص الديني في شعر الغديريات : موسوعة الشيخ الاميني انموذجا == Religious Intertextuality In The Poetry Of The Ghdeeriyat From The Encyclopedia Of Sheikh Amini As A Model,

Author name: بشرى خضير شمخي
Supervisor name: هناء فاضل سلمان الدليمي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: My thesis entitled : (Religious Intertextuality in the Poetry of the Ghdeeriyat from The Encyclopedia of Sheikh Amini as a Model,), in which I applied one of the concepts of modern criticism which is Intertextuality on the poems taken from Islamic Heritage. My goal is to contribute to the revival of the heritage by using modern approaches.I studied the Ghdeeriyat poets from the first century after Higrah to the sixth century. The number of poets whom I studied their poetry of Ghadeeriyat is fifty - five. I have noticed that religious intertextuality was limited to the interaction with purely Islamic sources, such as the Koran, the Sunnah, biographies, and histories. That approves that these Ghadeeriyat are totally influenced by Islamic resources, as they did not demonstrate any other effects derived from other religious traditions.Koran was the cornerstone in the construction of intertextuality among poets, employing its words, phrases and connotations, using its style and reflections in a productive and interactive way. This interaction with the religious text demonstrates the evolution of the religious intertextuality. The tangible images varied in their texts including visual, auditory, and taste, it contributed to supplement the text with artistic beauty, continuous movement and imagery creativity reflecting the dominance of the sensory image in this accomplished poetic, which has added to the Arabic poetry creative a clear touch cannot be overlooked by unbiased critic.We have found that the poets of the Ghadeeriyat until the sixth century AH had been committed to the rhythm and did not follow those who tried to abandon them. They have totally turned away from composing poetry by feet of five rhythms, which are : the Hazaj, Madeed, Muqtadhab, Mudharia and Mutadara. In which they did not compose even one line. That may be because their desire to cope with inherited Arabic poetic, and respecting the recipient, as well as the lack of adequate freedom of expression and prolong the poem in these rhythms.The poets of the Ghadeeriyat preferred rhymes ending with vowel sound over that ending with constant sound in which they did not abandoned the Arabic poetic teste. The Ghadeeriyat were full of internal music, especially in the late centuries, reflecting the attention of poets to this arts after Ibn al Mua’taz had established the Badee’ and the style of modernize poets who followed Abu Tammam.

البعد الصوفي في الشعر المهجري

Author name: بشار جمال بغدادي الخفاجي
Supervisor name: كاظم فاخر حاجم الخفاجي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Literature - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Dhi Qar
First pages:
Abstract: بعد هذه المسيرة الشاقة الممتعة في رحاب الروح المتعففة والمطمئنة المتمثلة بتجربة المهجر الصوفية , فلابد للبحث ان يسجل النتائج التي خرج بها , فقد عرض الموضوع ( البعد الصوفي عند المهجر ) عددا من القضايا الهامة اهمها ان المهجريين كان تصوفهم غير ديني ؛ اذ ي

الدراسات اللغوية في نواهد الابكار وشواهد الافكار حاشية على تفسير البيضاوي للامام الحافظ المفسر ابي الفضل جلال الدين السيوطي المتوفي سنة (911 هـ) == Linguistic Studies In The Vanguards Of Beginning And Epitaphs Of Thoughts Caption On Al Baydhawi Explanation For Imam Al Hafuth Al Mufassir Abi Al Fadhl Jalal Al - Din Al Sayooti Died In (911) H

Author name: ايناس يونس عبد مرزوك
Supervisor name: ابتسام ثابت محمد العاني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Arabic language is characterized differently than other languages, for it is the language of Holy Quran, and with no doubt this has helped the language to expand in resources and well preserved by Allah Almighty and thanks to the narration and memorizing Quran verses, Quran added to this great language lingual perspectives and wandering images, Thoughts began unveiling the meaning of the holy Quran and its explanations and interpretations, As well as the metaphoric dimension that created images through language.Among the many scholars who dedicated themselves for interpretation Holy Quran was Jalal al - din al - Sayooti (911h), who was one of the scholars who left rich heritage in different branches of science, I was guided by Allah to study an important composition of the scholar known " Linguistic studies in the Norms of Beginning and epitaphs of thoughts" for the importance of this Caption and its effect in the hearts of scholars and researchers, the study bore the four levels of (Phonetic, Morphology, Grammar, indication), the study is divided into a preface and four chapters, I abbreviated the preface since much was written about al - Sayooti and its heritage.First chapter was dedicated for the phonetic and came on five sections, were most of the phonetic phenomenon's was debated, Second chapter came on five sections as well and was dedicated for morphological studies, Third chapter came on four sections and was dedicated for grammatical studies, As for the fourth and last chapter of the thesis was devoted for the indication studies and was divided on three sections, the first in the change indication, the second in the lingual phenomenon, the third was the phrase indication followed by the thesis ender and scientific sources.Despite the book of Imam Sayooti is varied in the language material But the Grammar material was superior upon the book, the study didn’t investigate every bit and phrase mentioned in the book but I have applied the study upon what I felt convenient for the research plan, memory of the texts written by Sayooti like attitude or explaining a view point for a scholar or many scholars or even adapting an opinion, was aimed to clear the meaning by using elites and examples.The thesis came after a long and troublous and hard effort, after I have acknowledged many of books were I lost count to, but they were in general : books of explanations, Quran sciences, Readings, Language books, lexicons and poetic compositions, memoirs and history, language and captions books and many of modern books that are specialized with all aspects of language, all are mentioned in the sources page.I would like to present my deep thanks and respect to whomever took care and guided me through the way and supplied me with whatever the research needed to establish the basis and refining until it was put a straight, specially mentioning the generous most behaved Dr. Ibtisam Thabit Mohammed Al - Ani my tutor and supervisor whom help is deeply appreciated reading this study chapter by chapter and section by section, I ask Allah almighty to bless her.I don’t claim perfection in the study I have presented, perfection is only of Allah's, and its dignified book, if I was righteously guided thanks to be to Allah, and if I have mistaken its of myself.I thank Allah almighty that I was occupied by the hardship of research in a dignified science, for a holy book, our Quran, I ask its serenity and acceptance in word and action, my last prayer is that, Thanks to be to Allah the owner of the two worlds and peace and prayers be upon his prophet Mohammed and his companions and whomever followed his steps.

التعليل اللغوي عند المنتجب الهمذاني (ت643هـ) == Linguistic Reasoning When Al Muntjab Al Hamadhani ( Tel : 643 E)

Author name: ايمان علي عباس
Supervisor name: علي جميل احمد العبيدي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This research deals with the study of the phenomenon among the most prominent linguistic phenomena that took care of them Almentjb al Hamadhani (d. 643 AH), a phenomenon reasoning linguistic it caught my attention the severity of his testimony from the reasoning in the directives are rarely found displays the question or read what it is that he goes to reasoning to prove authenticity or mistake in his unique expression of the glorious Koran book, frequent forwarded to his unique Durrah in explaining the poem when I was able to stand it and found it just as some of them described as explaining the lengthy useful based mostly on the reasoning method is that the loss of his detailed explanation led to be limited this research in books Durra unique and unique book; so was the title of the study (linguistic reasoning when Almentjb al Hamadhani (Tel : 643 e) In order to detect the extent of the reasoning when latecomers from the people of the seventh century through the study Almentjb as one of this century scientists. And stand on the reasoning patterns , and goals he has in both books , and the extent Tgayerh according to the nature of each book of them. As well as the desire to contribute to highlight the linguistic heritage , and take it out into being ; this has got the task of producing this heritage from the vaults and studied a number of researchers , is that this heritage is still in need of further study and research , and it must be given care and attention

المــوروث في نقائض جرير والفرزدق والاخطل : دراسة موضوعية فنية == Tradition In The Polemic Poems Of Jarir , Al - Farazdaq And Al - Akhtal An Objective And Artistic Study

Author name: ايمان علي القره غــولي
Supervisor name: انعام داود سلوم
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Towards the end of the seventh century there emerged a trio who rank among the masters of the art of Arabic poetry. The three poets were Al - Akhtal , Al - Farazdaq and Jarir. They owed much of their fame to the entertainment they provided by slinging matches on parallel themes best known in Arabic as (naqaids). Although there are some interesting and informative literature on the subject , none , however, is satisfactory and some essential points , particularly those relating to the employment of tradition , still need to be addressed in order to come out with a comprehensive review of the study under discussion. Among the previous studies ‚mention is made to the following : ( polemic poetry of Jarir and Al? Farazdaq ) by Dr. Mahmood Ghanawi Al? Zuhairi ; (polemic poetry in the Arabic Literature ) by Ahmad Al ? Shaib ; ( The polemic poems in are Ummayad Era) by Jafar Sadiq Hamoodi ; (The Artistic structure of Jarir?s poems ) by Thair Hasan Al Gharbawi ( The poetical structure of Al ? Farazdaq?s Structure ) by Alladin Al ? Maadhidi ; (The Emplogement of pre ? Islamic Tranditien in the contemporarg Arabic poetrg ) by Ahmad Zuhair Rahahla ; and (The Employment of Tradition in Al ? Asha poetry ) by Wisam Abdul Salam. It was my desire when I was a ph. D student to write a distinguished study that would be of great benefit for all researchers ‚ so ‚ I proyed to God to guide me along the right path and he responded to my prayer. I was also encouraged by my supervisor ‚Dr Inam Dawood Saloom who cleared many vague points for me and was ‚ to her credit ‚a great heeper The polemic poems or naqaids were , as it were, a mirror image of the social , religious and historical beliefs , values and customs which prevailed throughout the ages before the emergence of the poets in question. However , what encouraged the poets to employ past tradition in their poetry was the fact that the Ummayad rulers had depended , to a large extent , on ancient Arab tradition to perpetuate their ideology in the face of the foreign cultures of Greece , India and Persia which began to spread in the Arab territory at that time. The present study is , therefore , an academic attempt to show how the three Umayyad poets ; Jarir , Al - Farazdaq and Al - Akhtal have employed old conventions and traditions in their poetry to serve a dual purpose of making their ideas striking , memorable and compelling and of reaching eminence as poets. The study is divided into an introduction and three chapters and ends with some conclusions and a list of bibliography. In the introduction, the two terms of "tradition" and " Naqadids" have been fully discussed in their broader linguistic and technical perspectives. The difference between "intertextuality" and "inspiration", has also been explained. Chapter One provides a background information on the aspects of tradition in the naqaid poems, It such as the literary , religious ,social and legendary. Chapter Two is devoted entirely to the lexical aspects of Al - Naqaids. They include religion, wars, and historical events. Chapter Three deals mainly with the technical aspects of the naqaid poems which include such qualities as the specific choice of words, sentence structure and style, images and internal music. In writing This dissertation , I have reffered to a large number of sources, ancient and modern, and to a great deal of periodicals , academic researches and collections of poetry. They were all very useful and without which this dissertation would have never been possible. I would like to extend to thanks to my supervisn , Dr. Inam Dawood Saloom for her many advice and guidance during the course of writing. My thanks are also duo to my teachers at the department of Arabic and to the chairman and members of the Discussion committee for reading the manuscript and for their correction of some of the points which need to be further clarified. * The study has come out with a number of conclusion, the most important of which are the following : * The term tradition is so comprehensive in connotation that it means many things ranging from old conventions , customs and practices to history and religion. * Al - Naqaids serve two functions ; a concrete one which lies in destroying the structure and an abstract one which which destroys the statement and brings about something different from it.* The origin of Al - Naqaids can be traced back to the pre - Islamic period , but they were not ripe enough as they were based on tribal loyalty.It was with the coming of Islam that they became purely Islamic,and throughout the Ummayed period they stood as an artistic phenomenon that responded to the ever¬¬¬ - increasing necessities of life. * Tradition played an outstanding cognitive role in the life of the three poets during the Ummayad period in particular and the Arabs in general. * There is asharp difference between Inspiration and intertextualit Inspiration is a manifestation of Intertextuaity but it keeps the basictraditional meaning for understanding the text.Intertextuality , on the other hand , adds new meanings to tradition. Inspiration, There tone ,is an unintentional process , while intertextuality is either stated , expressed mostly in words or implied , not definitely stated. * The primary motive for the three poets to refer to tradition has been to amuse , convince and influence their readers or listeners of their poetry. * There was a sign of innovation in the output of the three poets as they tend to imply a new conception and technique through which the poets try to connect the past with the present. * Wisdom and proverbs are the mirror - image of the social and mental life of a nation. with this view in mind , the Arabs and famous among all other nations for their wisdom and proverbs. * There was a mention of proverbs in the poetry of the three poets.It was a clear evidence of their familiarity with the proverbs that prevailed in the ages before them. The proverbs , however ,were confined to only one or two lines in a single poem. * Jarir and Al - Farazdaq refereed in particular to the wisdom which called for the good morals and continuously stressed by the Arabs such as time , days, life and death as a preacher for humanity. * There was a mention of ( instructions ) in the pre - Islamic poetry which emphasized Arab morals and human valves.These instructions have become a source of inspiration for the poets throughout the Ummayad period. * The instructions were few in nvmber.some were expressed and some were implied. The instructions were varied. Among them were an instruction by an army commander to his troupes and an instruction by a mother to his son. The use of instructions , however , could be found in the poems of Jarir and Al - Farazdaq but not in Al - Aktal?s * The three poets have drawn their religious inspiration from the Holy Koran rather than from the prophetic sayings. This is mainly due to the fact that the Holy Koran is , by far, the most authentic source for all matters relating to Islamic. * The impact of the Holy Koran on the output of the three poets was not the same but in varying degree depending on the personal experience of each poet and his ability to draw as much as he could from the Holy Koran. * The three Ummayad poets followed the steps of the poets be lone them in singing the feasts of their heros. Their reference to the social tradition as regards the battles was therefore abundant. It was a true mirror reflecting the Arab customs and habits. * The three poets differed in their approach to the above events.Jarir was in the lead , followed by Al - Akhtal , then by Al - Farazdaq. This indicates Jarir?s extensive knowledge of the subject. * The three poets referred more to the pre - Islamic events than to the Islamic ones. This provides a clear evidence That Al - Naqadis were based mostly on tribal loyalty. * The three poets referred to the legendary tradition mainly for preaching and instruction. * Jarir was most successful than Al - Farazdaq and Al - Akhtal in drawing inspiration from the religious tradition. * The impact of Christian faith on Jarir was clearly noticeable. He uses as many Christian symbols as he could such as the cross , the pig, Mar Serjis , Easter Day and wearing of burnouses. * The three poets' inspiration from the legendary tradition included such terms as crow , locust and eagles more than other things as stars ,stones and amulets. * The revival of tribal loyalty during the Umayyad rule and the direct contact with the Byzantium and Persian cultures were obvious reasons for the poets to use obscene words in their poetry , most notably in Jarir's and , to a less degree , in Al - Farazdaq's and Al - Akhtal's. * The three poets' employment of images and figures of speech ( simile, metaphor and metonomy ) was particularly forceful and convincing as they were well - established in the literary , historical , religious and legendary tradition. * The three poets benefited most from the literary tradition in relation to some stylistic points as inversion and omission. * The three poets deviated from the normal lexical meaning of the words, particularly the imperative mood to serve certain purposes in their minds.

الفضاء الشعري في الغزل الاندلسي من الفتح حتى نهاية عصر الطوائف

Author name: ايمان حميد هدرس الزيدي
Supervisor name: محمود شاكر محمود
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - College Of Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

دلالة الاسماء ذات الاصل اللغوي الواحد في المخصص لابن سيده ( ت458هـ) == Denote The Names Of The Language In The Original One Dedicated To The Son Of His Master ( D. 458 Ah)

Author name: انوار قتيبة يحيى الطائي
Supervisor name: جنان محمد مهدي العقيدي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, which we dropping off the Koran Arabic tongue, prayer and peace be upon the Prophet Muhammad Sadiq Secretary and The God of the good and virtuous.After : Dictionaries, meanwhile, was and still is a vanguard role in keeping the Arab linguistic wealth that have codified the features of Arab and Islamic civilization and the striking thing is that dictionaries do not shorten their importance to science without the other, but it represents the baseIs dedicated to the son of his master glossary of the most important Arabic dictionaries and the most common and widespread not Khro in this case, it is a glossary Aziz article seal the most important language resources that preceded it and collect the article from it : the eye of Khalil and book strange seed to Abe Obaid al - Qasim and the Book of the fixed bin create Abe fixed wrote Asmaee and others as well asIt represents a glossary of poetry and it involves a lot of Achar and closet linguistic including included the language of science andAnd allocated as taking the most important sources of literary language were his words are still of interest to researchers and the spring of student and that he knew him, drawing him abound and their research and various studies innumerable No wonder the precious research between its parts.

الفكر الصوتي لدى الدكتور سمير شريف استيتية == The Phonetic Ideology Of Professor Sameer S. Stytiah

Author name: انتصار سالم ابراهيم
Supervisor name: ولاء صادق محسن الاسدي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: This research tries to explain the importance of the scientific activity for a researcher at which his works left a great impression in the modern Arabic language theories.And this linguistic ideology during the past was studied by a group of researchers, like Ebrahim Anees, Mahmood Al - Sa'arn, Tamam Hassan, Abdul - rahman Ayoob, Kamal besher & Sameer S.Stytiah whom went deep through his study in this topic during his scientific career , making it a Modern school in the Arabic world to be followed by researchers.And as a result of the importance of this study, I preceded this research to participate in anchoring the basics of terminology to synchronize the evolution of the old school researchers and to spot the light on their ideological patterns & how did they dealt with issues related to phonetics.This study has defined many terms including the aspects for a work which was characterized by distinguishing the levels of language, the major importance was for the linguistic terms & it's functions & usage that deals with the grammars issues.And through this study, the fields & specialty of terminology were defined.As for this research, the researcher depended on discerption, analysis & comparison methods.Chapter one was specialized in professor Stytiah's efforts & studies in the physical & vocal sciences "voice\voiceless" in the Arabic language.Part one of the first chapter studied the importance of vocalization organs, and the second part included the physical & vocal description of the voiceless letters in the Arabic language, as for the third part which included the physical & vocal description of the voice letters. While in part four which included the studying and measuring of the hearing clearance phenomenon.Part five that showed stytiah's opinion in harmonization, tuning & sectioning features.Chapter two which included stytiah's efforts of editing the phonetic terminology pattern,and his aspects to the terms that he specialized in. also this chapter has dealt with all the issues related to phonetic terminology.Part one was a definition of the Origin of the term, and part two dealt with the mechanisms of generating the term in the Arabic language, and part three included the linguistic terms and it's issues, while in part four included the improvement of the paths & methods followed in the studying of phonetic terms, as for part five, it included the phonetic terms that professor styitiah made its corner stone.Chapter three states stytiah's efforts in grammar's phonetics & the expression phenomenon and his analysis of pronounces and ''Al - tanween''and his historical phonetic analysis for the ancient linguistic sediment.Part one of this chapter discusses the expression phenomenon & the construction phonetically, while in part two included his explanations of pronounces vocally.And part three included his explanations of ''Al - tanween'' phenomenon phonetically, and part four included his description and explanation the phonetic historical analysis for the linguistic sedimentations.Chapter four, which includes stytiah's opinions in his reading of the 'QURAN' and studying it phonetics modernly according to the three scientific aspects : " physically, vocally & functionally".As for the conclusion, the researcher have shown the importance of this study. And as for the references in this study which was completely connected directly to the main topic of the research, the most important of it are the books of grammar's heritage " AL - Ketab'' for seebaway & "AL - Muqtadhab" for Al - Mubarrad ''the meanings of Al - QURAN'' for Al - fara'a.In addition to other linguistic books, like " lesaan al - arab", and ''Al - bahar Al - muheet".Also there are the books that determines the aspects of terms like " Al - ein" and "Taj al - aroos", " Alqamoos al - muheet".And I also used a collection from the books of grammars explanations like "Maratib al - nahween'' for Abu al - tayeeb al - loghawy, and the books of "alsyrafy","alzabydy" ,"alsayoty" & "ebn - alnadeem".Then I also used references from modern Arabic books in addition to English & French ones that describes the Arabian modern linguistics and foreign others.At the end I like to thank everyone who helped me , my professors at the Arabic language department\college of education for women\university of Baghdad and other linguistic libraries.

تعدد المعاني الوظيفية واثره في المعنى بالقران الكريم

Author name: امل احمد حمه
Supervisor name: خديجة زبار عنيزان الحمداني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Introduction : may Allah be praised, and his prayers & peace to be blessed upon his prophet Mohammed with his house and companions, and all those who followed his message in good until the doomsday.No doubt that the “multiplicity in the functional meaning” is considered as one of the modern studies within the frame of the contextual theory, so that it acquires the methodical mark, which became one of the modern study trends of this age.But the undeniable truth is that the roots of this theory is inherent to Arabic language scientist with what they mentioned as idioms such as (the circumstance), (stature) and (the seen circumstance,) which are compatible with the modern contextual theory.This study is taken by many scholars; with each of them, has a specific way to shed light on the aspect he tries to achieve as a new scientific material to add to the Arabic language library. I decided to choose this subject through applying the contextual theory to verses of holy Qur’an, to measure what is produced through multiplicity of the functional meaning, in order to shed light on the earliest grammarians and commentators through their application of the origins of this theory. This application will be through analyzing verses of holy Qur’an within multiple contexts and multiple functional meanings. This is specifically related to meaning of the context it needs, and the indication to prove that.my documentation to analyze the commentators is based on the conformity with what grammarians and linguists say. Therefore, my study is a theorizing of letters, words, formulas and verbs, and to apply what was mentioned for more than a meaning within the context of the single Qur’anic verse as in letters, words, formulas and sentences.This research had been divided to four chapters proceeded with a preface I found it is better to talk through about the idiom of the context linguistically and idiomatically. Also, I decided to provide a summary of the origins of this theory according to Arabic language scientist and the earliest grammarians.I specified the first chapter to the functional meaning multiplicity of the articles, which was divided into four themes : - First theme : meaning multiplicity of prepositions.Second theme : meaning multiplicity of articles.Third theme : meaning multiplicity of interrogative particles.Fourth theme : meaning multiplicity of conditional particles.The second chapter was specified to the meaning multiplicity of the words, which I divided into three themes : - First theme : meaning multiplicity of the circumstantial expression or phraseSecond theme : meaning multiplicity of source. Third them : meaning multiplicity of distinction The third chapter is dedicated to the meaning multiplicity of the formula, which I divided into two themes : - First theme : the formation of the verb formula.Second theme : the formation of the noun formula.The forth chapter is dedicated to meaning multiplicity of the sentence, which I divided into three themes : - First theme : the meaning multiplicity in the present tense sentence.Second theme : the meaning multiplicity in the past tense sentence. Third theme : the meaning multiplicity in the imperative sentence.I ended this research with a collection of results through which I mentioned the various meanings of the conjunctions, words, formulas and the scattered sentence within verses of the holy Qur’an.To achieve this research, I reviewed whatever possible of interpretation references, such as Altabari, Alrazi, Alkashaf and Albahr Almuheet lexicons such as Lisan Alarab, and grammarians’ & linguists’ books such as Alkitab, Alosol fi alnahow and Almuqtatdhab, among others. I have to thank Allah for this research reaching this stage, for he is the first helper to give me strength, resolution and determination.Then, I have to thank my supervisor of this research, Dr. Khadija Zubar Alhamdani for her patience where she provided me with notes and corrections to enrich this research.I pray for Allah to bless her with health and safety, to join her with the good men and prophets in the heavenly afterlife.Also, I would like to thank all my professors in the college of women education for the scientific support they provided to me through this research, wishing them a continual health and prosperity. Finally, I would like to thank the scientific committee for their efforts reading this research, and rectifying it.And, I hope Allah to bless my work with success, for he is the one to bless us all.

الانساق الثقافية في رسائل الجاحظ (ت255هـ) == Cultural Formats In Jahez Messages (255 AH)

Author name: مثنى حسن عبود الخفاجي
Supervisor name: عباس محمد رضا حسن البياتي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: Cash studies have done and did not sit in the modern and contemporary on Cultural done protruding cash and reality, and had Abu Usman among trace a few of the old intelligentsia unbroken attention counterpart on the part of the largest public vast majority of researchers and scholars Arabs, and remained read mine fertile and Mcnza thickly lesson literary and rhetorical and even cash in the Arab culture, but what draws attention really is the scarcity of cultural studies that have been the heritage of bigeye through the ages and offset to some extent lack extinction and annihilation, and this is what stimulated the researcher and encouraged him towards the foot on the approach Gahzi text, Baltae cultural exchange tools, procedures and strategies monetary mechanisms large numbers, that deal with cultural material, including linguistic texts as cultural speeches overflowing serious connotations and brimming with heavy contents and the carrier of the culture of the times, which were produced under Islamic rule, and the heir to the features and Twabah and brands negative and positive, and is involved with its institutions and overlapping with their contexts and responsive to the bets and requirements and influenced and influential Bhawwadth all the circumstances, and here the central dogma espoused by cultural criticism believes in the need to approach the texts in light generated culture him; which requires the development of texts in the womb of cultural contexts snare him from all sides, if, seeking access to the results of Ttoshh specific and respectful of accuracy, objectivity and scientific far, these are cash mental nominated by the study and adopted by the researcher Barutea grasped the most trustworthy in the bigeye read messages and relentless pursuit to discover the cultural formats mingled in the cultural discourse year, which is the fundamental objective of the study diligently in order to nail him. It was Astefaina messages bigeye, among other writings to be material anatomical these to our study, the starting point of fully represent us to the awareness of cultural criticism and responsive to him, who is trying to focus on the margins of cultural material, and struggling for the sake of all phenomena care and practices that were suffering from neglect and oppression and suffocation and repression The expulsion and absenteeism on the part of the previous monetary practice, as naive and menial and trivial and practices vile and despicable and ridiculous does not deserve attention phenomena does not require study, Vrsail bigeye not partaken so large share of the study, which won him the other writings Kalpaan and Signifying, animals and even stingy, here is worthwhile to point that we adopted in our study on three different editions investigation messages bigeye, the first achievement of Dr. Abdul Salam Mohammed Haroun, the second investigation, Dr. Ali Bou Melhem third achievement Mr. Hassan Sndoba; in order to accommodate all Almtozaah messages on the three editions written by bigeye. Material research, nature and recalled that the study is divided in three chapters : above each one entrance represents the threshold is a must to enter the Mnachath and ambiance and tourism in the internal Aoualemh, preceded by an introduction and followed by a conclusion included the most important findings of the research through the study, and download the first chapter address (assets, buildings and cultural exchange) and included four topics are : the concept of cultural criticism, and the roots of cultural criticism, and the concept of the text in cultural criticism perspective, the concept of the cultural pattern, and carry the second chapter title (format obedience to the Abbasid authority and defend), and included two topics, namely : the other dropping sectarian represented the people of modern Salafi doctrine Imami Shia religious other and suppress incarnated the Christians, carrying the third quarter and the last address (coordinated social Almadlj aligned), and included two topics is the other two : aligned chromatography (concentrated blacks and the marginalization of the egg), and sexual bias (concentrated men and the marginalization of (women

اثر سيبويه في كتب معاني القران

Author name: ابراهيم احمد عميري علي اللهيبي
Supervisor name: شهاب احمد ابراهيم
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Salahaddin
First pages:

خطاب النقد الادبي عند ادوارد سعيد == Edward Said Discourse On Literary Criticism

Author name: حيدر علي عبود الطفيلي
Supervisor name: هناء جواد عبد السادة العيساوي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah, and peace and blessings on the beloved and descriptive and good creature Secretary Muhammad, his family and the divine good and lasting curse their enemies to do the day of judgment, and yet... The Edward Said of the most critics controversial intellectual of the twentieth century, due to Grandma in cash speech, in addition to numerous factors, including upbringing, education and exile, but the topics covered and private (identity remain, Orientalism, culture, imperialism, and the other, worldly criticism ) is the biggest reason for his feisty critical features mostly, and abroad for critical theory of modern lines being sees it did not meet the aspiration to detect significant text and scaled the reader into the trap of specialization, academic and wandering in the maze of text. Speech came (Said) speech opposed to the structure of Western discourse, being made culture and history which afford grand narratives, revealing knowledge of the system that drives the self - made and the other, and the statement of the concept of cultural power that drives the literary and cultural production process, according to what you are. Said cash speech represents a long legacy of philosophical and linguistic, cultural, and so you see dealt with most of the themes that are the focus of conflict and a mismatch between the intelligentsia conflict, and Ajtrah through cash Amaagath a different understanding and new.Class (Said) of the most important pioneers who sat and contributed to the emergence of cultural criticism that dealt with cultural issues and the mechanism in a way out of the curriculum in schools and literary texts address the way. Said hybrid cosmic also see it, it is named compound (Edward Said) to the birth of Palestine and his travels between Egypt and Lebanon, study the migration to America and Britain made him exiled by force and act all this was stressful to deal with topics dominate the self - free industry and the other spunResearch methodology required to deal with the topic as it goes to be divided in four chapters and boot, and see that it has been able to focus on the concept or question revolved around the thesis, which are worldly critical discourse when (said)? The boot under the title (the speech, awareness and concept) and search the boot so problematic discourse and critical literary and the comprehensiveness of literary criticism and its limits, in other words, is the meaning of criticism mainly about the high literature? What is the meaning of literature in the product of any text? And how the role of culture and history in the text? That is why we stood on the word speech in the broad sense that brought him (Foucault) and used (Said) and thus move (Said) in all Ntegath within this holistic vision that sees the speech includes literary aesthetic criticism as well as a natural extension of cultural factors that affect the text. The first chapter was titled (the foundations and pillars in the said cash speech) As mentioned a little while ago it was (said) hybrid philosophical, linguistic, psychological and social thought, so we raised four axes represent the foundations and pillars that influenced them (Said) and Interview by directly sometimes indirectly at other times.Axis philosophical forward it to most philosophers who came mentioned in the monetary his speech, although we did not stand on most of them but we believe they are the most important in the visions that carried a private in the monetary his dominance, as well as goes the rest of the other hubs in a simple introduction to his life and ends with research in this chapter focus on topics which carried the earthly dimension for each axis and therefore Find walking towards the detection of intellectual heritage of the worldly (said).The second chapter was titled (worldly cultural criticism of Orientalism example) Because the (said) represents one of the pioneers of cultural criticism Find the concept of cultural criticism concept and references that led to his appearance began to have these terms of reference agreed with the terms of reference (Said) in terms of focusing on the worldly events in read the text and move away from the pillars of the metaphysical, then envisioned research and cultural exchange mechanisms, which focuses on non - adherence to monetary theory and the institution and after this introduction Turn Search towards the vision (said) to the concept of cultural criticism worldly theoretically through some of the visions and ideas put forward in embedded which was written by, and applied through book Orientalism and thus was read culturally analysis Tabakie worldly and this is what search him.Download Chapter III Title (worldly Monetary Alabestama culture and imperialist example) is an exchange of knowledge and based on Arcologgio Foucaultian fossils of the earliest mechanisms of cultural criticism and criticism worldly in particular, and this is what Layer (said) in the book of culture and imperialist, The path of research about the concept of imperialism and its manifestations holds concept different cultural authority controlling peoples colony and how to make them search for the conflict of knowledge / power zone, and then between research worldly cash engage through the concept of narrative and cultural resistance and a series of novels adopted by the (said) in a statement narrative move in the field of cognitive detection, said to see I've dish ( Foucault) Drilling Alarclogi revealing worldly knowledge - based analysis of the dimensions of the imperialist narratives.Three chapters made search was more like a development critical to speech (Said) of cultural criticism to criticism of knowledge and then to the idea of basic research on the nature of the secular criticism, came fourth chapter under the title (the secular foundation cash and achievement) questioned this chapter theoretical research for the book (the world's text and critic) which represents Based theoretical research on the development of cash, according to (Said) and the necessity to find a criticism of worldly beyond cultural criticism and critique of postmodernism, has treated research issues addressed by the (said) within the book and of the concept of the worldly, text, text, identity, and intellectual cosmic, or the concept of critic, and theoretical migratory, and the American Monetary left - wing, religious and cash, these concepts overlap on the one hand with the culture on the other hand are cash concepts touches the spirit of criticism, bearing movement (Said) Cash visions of a three - start of the world's text critic, so the search is going on about these essences.The conclusion of this journey is the station with the most prominent search results that were ultimately to this outlook in a speech (Said) cash. It must be noted that the search has not committed to a specific approach and the need to request this topic has relied on the analytical method, texts, research and Dialogue The reason that the subject taught monetary field. I would like to extend my thanks and that was a minor for the best fulfillment of the right of the professor and the mother noble tender overwhelmed me and the beauty of the great spirit of Dr. Hana Abdul AL - saida of all that effort and provided guidance was Mother Yes and yes oriented.Have been made in this work do my best despite the circumstances that were surrounded and God knows it, it was the lack of a decent enough to incorrigible your fingers voltage least bounty to God and to my teachers and virtuous Praise be to Allah

نثر المعري : دراسة في ضوء النقد الثقافي

Author name: محمد حليم حسن الكروي
Supervisor name: علي ابراهيم محمد الزرقاني
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:

فساد الراي النحوي في العربية == The Corruption Of Grammattical View In Arabic

Author name: عهود صبر راهي الزيادي
Supervisor name: حامد عبد المحسن كاظم الجنابي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: Chpter one studiesthe corruption of grammatical view'in nouns, it consists thses sections, the first deals with symptoms structurs, the secerd studies Al - Tawabea, while the third deals with miscellaneous. Chapter two deals with the corruption of grammatical view in verbs. It consists of these sections preceded by introduction a bout the verbin Arabiclanguaga. Sectionone studies kana and its sister " verbs to be "and what like them. The seand seation treats what is related to the verbs and its parts. Seation three studiesthe rauns of the verbsand transitive verb.Chapter three studiesthe corruption of grammatical view in letters, It consists three srctions, section one deals with the corruption of grammatical view in mono letters, section two andiesition dual and triple letters , while the third seation deals with the corruption of grammatical view in quadrilateral letters.Chapter four consists of three seations, the first concerns with the corruption of grammatical view in the exception, the sucand different - in rnost cases - from one grammerion to a nother and from school to a nother. This lead some grammrtians to reject many of previous and contemporary provisions when ~ they realize that this view is corrupted and describe it as break the rules of compatibility and harmony between the grammatical phenomena and effairs. From this, the searchin this topic doesnot slope at theseproblems, but it goes to search in grammatical roots, standing and questioning what is behind thses problems. In order to be grammatically corrupted or corruption ~iew of the grammarians.That is why this study is under the title (The Corruption of Grammattical View In Arabic)·Following these views and standing upon their reasons lead to expansion of this research, and analyzing the grammatical is sues is to reach to the essence of its corruption. So, this study contains in troduation, foun chapters, and followed by conclusion of what the search gets efreasults. The intereduction consists of the concept of the corruption and its roots In The name of Allah, The merciful and Compassionate. Thanks for God who makes the thanks as a key for - his mention. He creates the fhings speaking in his praise andthanks. The pray and peace are upon the prophet Mohammed whose name is derivative of God's name (Al - Mahmood) , upon his pure family of virtues and generosity , upon his selected followers , and upon those who follow them in charity to the day of judgment. The corruption of view for Grammarias - has special importance for what cansequentit of effairs and provisions which relate to grammatical phenomena by the grammerians a bout linguistic material, observing what changes might occur and takeing carefor it's use. All these allow the grammarian to take these viwsand select between them dependanding upon evident in his acceptance or rejection of grammatical view or material. So, normally for these view are to be varified, depending upon the source which they are taken from according to mductive effort. This effort is by the ancient grammarians whose views because essential, to build upon it theprovisions and results. They are

شعر ابي تمام : دراسة بنيوية تكوينية == Abu Tammam Poetry Structural , Formative Studying

Author name: ايناس كاظم شنبارة الجبوري
Supervisor name: عباس محمد رضا حسن البياتي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Babylon - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Babylon
First pages:
Abstract: All researchers agreed that the poet Abu Tammam represents an important poetical school in the history of Arab's verse, that is because of his poetical experiment represented a modifying stage in the Arabic innovation, he transferred the experiment from the emotion to the intellect and from the instinct to the meditation and prying. I presented in my current research a new reading to the verse of Abu Tammam according to the structural and formative method. That comes after an accurate study to Goldman's method and adjust his procedural tools notably in his book ( Hidden God) and I came up with that the method is about four major corners, first is : Discovering the vision of the world for Abu Tammam and then find the conceptual path that joined him with the conceptual level that represented him and make him one of its individuals. After understanding reading to his verse aimed to discover the referring environment that ruled the poetical experiment and give it the final shape. Finally, reading the structure of the Early AbbasiEra from all economic, political and cultural sides and discover the dominant conceptual structure at that time which resulted in producing that level and forming its individuals by that way exclusively and the impact of that over the formation of Abu Tammam 's verse. The early Abbasi Era is different from all other eras that preceded it, most distinguished things are : Culture and conceptual opening on the out world led to the cultural mixing between the culture of Persian, Greece , India with the Arab culture. Many conflicting conceptual schools have turned up. One of the schools is Almuatazila as the most important conceptual and cultural school represented that era and dominated all its joints and extended to the extent that Almamoon declared that it is the formal ideology of Abbasi state. Almuatazila school depended upon the mind among all conceptual schools, it analyzed the religion and prying the universe and solved problems depending upon the mind thoroughly. That came as a logic result due to the culture of the school that relied on the Greece philosophy. We can find out these prints very clear in the verse of Abu Tammam and in his conceptual attitude that he was well - known of his producing a poetic vision in which mind is raised over the instinct and emotion. In addition to the dominance of the philosophical style over his poetic language that push some researcher to return his roots to the Greece and Roman. The conceptual changes that occurred in the structure of Abbasi Era have affected on the politics and made the era of Al - Mammon is different from other eras and then affected on the society, culture and the intellect till Abu Tammam came up with a extraordinary poet as a logic result to the changes of the era.

المثال في الدراسات النحوية الحديثة : دراسة تحليلية تقويمية

Author name: يسرى محمد رضا حسن الدجيلي
Supervisor name: بان صالح مهدي الخفاجي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Linguists and grammarians have agreed that the function of the made grammatical proverb is the explication of the grammatical rules and rounding them off to the mind of the recipient, ancient and modern. However, the modern grammatical proverb stops not at the borders of clarification and rounding as the old grammatical proverb did. Grammar scholars have found out that made proverbs can lead to other functions of no less importance in clarification and rounding, albeit these being the desired goal. The modern made proverb has proved that it has a role in building the society, for it is an important means of education and planting ideas that promote morality through what meanings it carries as love for goodness, respect for others, obedience to parents, and the rejection of mendacity, selfishness, disobedience to parents, and the neglect of work and knowledge. Moreover, the made grammatical proverb has proved that it is a means of knowledge transfer through what historical, literary and linguistic information it carries, which increases the experiences of the learner and recognizes the heritage of his nation, its great men, and what scholarly information reached by modern man it carries. The modern made proverb is also distinguished from the ancient proverb in the beauty of its words. It is full of interesting rhetorical pictures which add suspense to its style that has had a significant impact in the same recipient. In addition, the modern made proverb takes recipients into consideration through the great diversity of methods and meanings that characterize the cultural levels of the under - cultivated recipients, such as children, the average cultivated, and the specialized cultivated.

الجهود النقدية حول شعر محمد مهدي الجواهري == Criticism Efforts About The Poetry of Mohammed Mahdi Al - Jawahri

Author name: وجدان يحيى حافظ الكفائي
Supervisor name: حمزة فاضل يوسف
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Arabic Language
Language: Arabic
University location: Qadisiyah
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah, prayer and peace be upon the Prophet Noble and The God of the good and virtuous. After : He has raised Jeweler hair Shelley illustrious contemporary to him and delayed him monetary efforts, which was compounded by the accumulation of these efforts on his hair, Vtnolh critics and different visions of multiple approaches and they are unanimous in its leadership classical stage in modern Arabic poetry and renovated and out all the modalities of the flags of literature poetic classic Kalrsafa and Zahawi, this is what enticed the researcher to choose the monetary efforts revolved around the Jeweler felt the subject of his doctoral thesis. After extrapolation of literary criticism, which revolved around Jeweler hair and determine the curriculum and vision required the processing of these efforts of the various plan consists of a boot and three chapters dealt with in the boot of poetry and monetary environment in which the capillary landmarks formed when the jeweler, so what the environment from the impact in shedding light on the nature of the text cash, which constitutes the other party off the poetic text, which has the most prominent role in efforts to raise this cash around Jeweler hair and, by contrast, there was the highlight of the poetic text Majaal text Jeweler in order to touch the art feature text Jeweler restricted to this study. The first chapter has assumed the contextual study of curricula that have been text Jeweler according Vaaih cash visibility prevailing at the time and the judge read poetry in terms of its relationship to what surrounds him of the reasons for and the circumstances and conditions, has entailed four sections. Took the first part, the study of the historical method, which Jesper Gore subjective experience of the poet read through external influences, while the second section has assumed social study curriculum, and the third on the curriculum or the Impressionists (influence), while the fourth section has assumed study Integrative approach. The second chapter went to the induction scriptsapproaches in the study of Jeweler hair. The third chapter Jeweler hair as an engine in cash, came in two sections : I dealt with them according to the poetic form artistic effervescence who took a three - way distribution deals with language, image Ptholadtha rhetorical, and poetic rhythm, both internal and external. The second topic : Eating poetic subject in the text of the jeweler and how it was able to move out the subject of cash denominated in the text which is not aesthetically pleasing, and discussed two important issues : the social issue and the multiplicity of readings cash, women and the multiplicity of monetary readings. Thus ends the thesis to the conclusion and summary results and classification of sources. Can not afford the researcher after the completion of the offer to the joints of her research, however, suggests that it is beholden to her teacher supervisor Prof. Dr. (Fadel Hamza Yusuf) for his help and support every day of the search, Vdzah Me God richly rewarded.I extend my sincere thanks and gratitude to Shiyoukhi in the way of science, particularly professors of the Arabic Department at the Faculty of Education - University of Qadisiya and each of the D me a helping hand to achieve my purpose, God Vdzahm Me penalty benefactors. And Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds

اثر الصفات الصوتية في تشكيل البنية الصرفية == The Effects of Sound Characteristic In Morphological Structure Formation

Author name: مصطفى حسين مزعل
Supervisor name: مصطفى حسين مزعل
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - Faculty Of Education
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Most modern linguistic studies are moving toward analyzing language in several levels of : sound, structure of word in Morphology,structure of sentence in Grammar and the semantic.The multiplicity of levels do not lead to separate themduring analyzing the continuous operation ,cause that Arabic language is A social phenomenon or as described by IBN GINI " people express their need and purposes by their own voices"These separationsbetween the levels did not exist in the levels at the advanced of Arabic scholar and then their morphological lesson did not separate from phonological lesson and this fact was certified from many modern studies in studying the relation between languages levels.The modern Arabic and Western lesson produced many Modern linguistic theories in Morphological and auditory field and if we checked our heritage we will find that their interest was focus on the structure of word morphologically.If we checked in our phonetic & morphological heritage we will find their concern in directing the cases that concerned the morphological structure of the word phonetically.The aim of this research is to proof the relation between sound and morphology By clarifying the impact of sound character in analyzing the structure of morphology.The reasons of studying this Topic clarified in two reasons : 1.The detection of the participation of ancientscholars is the strong relation between sound and morphology certified their realization in employing the ideas of sound in morphological issues.2.Sound character does not study over a wide area in modern linguistic studies regarding sound morphological otherwise most of authors neglect the effect of sound character on morphological structure.This research is consist of preface ,three chapters and conclusion that indicates the summary of results.the preface was dealing with (Relation of sound with Arabic morphology )as ancients scholar said.The first chapter consist of (Sound character relation with morphological structure) its term and concept also it's divided in two topic; the first one about term and concept of sound character, the second one about term and concept of Morphological structure.Most modern linguistic studies are moving toward analyzing language in several levels of : sound, structure of word in Morphology, structure of sentence in Grammar and the semantic.The multiplicity of levels do not lead to separate them during analyzing the continuous operation ,cause that Arabic language is A social phenomenon or as described by IBN GINI " people express their need and purposes by their own voices" Noting that these separation do not exist in the levels at the advanced of Arabic scholar and then their morphological lesson does not separate from phonological lesson and this fact was certified from many modern studies in studying the relation between languages levels.The modern Arabic and Western lesson was produced many Modern linguistic theories in Morphological and auditory field and if we checked our heritage we will find that their interest was focus on the structure of word morphologically This aim of this research is to proof the relation between sound and morphology By clarifying the impact of sound character in analyzing the structure of morphology.The reasons of studying this Topic clarified in two reasons : 1. The relation of ancient scholar participation the strong relation between sound and morphology certified their realization in employing the ideas of sound in morphological issues.2. Sound character does not study over a wide area in modern linguistic studies regarding sound morphological otherwise most of authors neglect the effect of sound character on morphological structure.This research is consist of preface ,three chapters and conclusion that indicates the summery of results.the preface was dealing with (Relation of sound with Arabic morphology )as ancients scholar said.The first chapter consist of (Sound character and morphological structure) its term and concept also its divided in two topic; the first one about term and concept of sound character, the second one about term and concept of Morphological structure. The second chapter deals with (Sound character that consist the Arabic structure) it also divided to The third parts ,the first one about characteristic of improved sound on morphological structure) ,second part about (The effect of meeting word sound structure in harmony and dissonance, the third one about( increasing number )The third chapter discuss three issues and divided into three part, the first one about (Similarity of sound characteristic in reverse to the original), second one about (monthly sound as in FAAL - EFAAL) third part about Prolong ALMAAD sound before Hamza.The Results found in the study : 1. The relation between sound and morphology is very strong that the morphological said that interpretation and analyzed morphological structure.2. The ancient unrest in the term crossing (Acoustic status)and this term was applicable him to many of the ancients and modern. 3 - The ancient predecessors Westerners in their innovations in the characteristics theory for the voices. 4. The entrance of the tip sounds in the morphological constructions of the word which is contained in it made it in relation with the tip of morphology through the characters of these sounds from power, the voice bill, & making balance & equalization between the heavy sounds in the structure of the word.5. It's not in the lightness & heaviness in the quantity & the number of the sounds of the word, but in the equality of the duration & the speed of saying the sounds of the structure, based on this the triple construction of the equalized constructions even if it was the dual less than it.6. The sounds of closing the mouth & the palate in touch with the upper jaw could be replaces for the tip sounds which improve the construction of quintuple through its acoustic character (magnification).7. The sounds are in harmony with each other on the level of the meaning which based on the characters of the sounds, the pronunciation level represented by the diverge of the exit of the sounds which could be the only reason in this harmony.8. The increase of the long extension sounds in the construction of the word added on this construction an improved character, because of the clearance of the extension sounds in hearing.9. The lack & the plenty usage of the increasing letters is contact with its approach the character of the extension sounds.10. The referring by using facial & acoustic expressions can be considered is a part of similarity in the silent sounds because there will be a transmission from the strong acoustic character to next sound to it which change it to another acoustic character.11. The acoustic character affected the next sounds in the construction of the word by modulating these sounds from its origin in saying & sometimes in writing.12. The second Arabic sound (ع) in the word like in (Faal) which can be said in (Maftooh&Maksoor) when it's called by the Arabs in the verb (Faal&Yafal) (which means in English did - do) if the first & the second sound were from pharynx, it based to the theory of emphases through putting the sound movement of the letter (ع) next to the emphasized sounds.13. the reason behind extending the extending sounds before the(HAMZA(ء)), is to keep the extending feature in the extending sounds so that not to the extending effected by the(HAMZA (ء)), thus the balance would be achieved between extending and the difficulty of pronouncing the (HAMZA (ء) ).

القصة القصيرة جدا في الادب العربي المعاصر انظمة البناء وانتاج الدلالة

Author name: محمد حمزة كاظم الشيباني
Supervisor name: كريم مهدي المسعودي
General topic: Arabic Language and Literature
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
University: Mustansiriyah University - Faculty Of Education
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
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