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Author name: بتول بناي زبيري الكعبي

Supervisor name: مها حسين يوسف سالم البدر

General topic: Psychology

Specific topic: Psychological Counseling and Educational Guidance

Degree: Doctorate

University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Education

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

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اثر اسلوبين ارشاديين (الحوار الداخلي والبرمجة اللغوية العصبية) في تحرير الذات لدى طلبة المرحلة الاعدادية : دراسة تجريبية

Author name: حسن محسن سعدون

Supervisor name: عبد السجاد عبد عبد السادة البدران

General topic: Psychology

Specific topic: Psychological Counseling and Educational Guidance

Degree: Doctorate

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Psychological And Educational Guidance

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

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اثر اسلوبا التعامل مع الذات واعادة البناء المعـــــرفي في تنمية مهارات ادارة قلق الامتحان لدى طالبات المرحلة الاعدادية في محافظة البصرة == The Style Of Impact Of Style Of Dealing With Self And Knowledge Rehabilitation Or Styles In Developing Skills Of Managing Examination Anxiety Of Preparatory Female Students In Basrah Governorate

Author name: رجاء خليل عبيد العكيلي

Supervisor name: بتول بناي زبيري

General topic: Psychology

Specific topic: Psychological Counseling and Educational Guidance

Degree: Doctorate

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Human Sciences - Department Of Psychological And Educational Guidance

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

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Abstract: باتت الاضطرابات النفسية والسلوكية ومنها القلق هي الاكثر والاوسع انتشارا خاصة وان المجتمعات الانسانية يطرا عليها بين الحين والاخر تغيرات تكنلوجية يتبعها تغيرات اجتماعية واقتصادية وسياسية وكنتيجة لاجتياح الازمات والحروب والكوارث , والتي تخلف اثارا بعيدة | The psychological and behavioral confusions among which the anxiety is the most widespread especially that humanitarian communities face from time to time technological changes followed by social, economical and political changes and as a result of the crises, wars and disasters caused long term effects on the man, some may refer the reasons of anxiety to the family relation weakness and non - satisfying the self - requirements and the demands of the life as well as the ideological expectation which is varied among persons. Thus, it can be determined the problem of the present study upon replying the following questions : 1) what is the level of anxiety examination of female students?2) does the style of dealing with self - have effect in acquiring skills of managing anxiety examination of female students?3) does the style of knowledge rehabilitation have effect on acquiring anxiety management during examination of female students?This study excites the student at preparatory stage by group skills assist them to overcome the anxiety during examination as the development of skills and acquiring it but the student effects in promoting his ability to manage his emotions and to control his self in all aspects of the life in addition to that the student will be responsible for himself at all times.The objectives of the study : - First : measuring skills of managing anxiety examination of female students/Second : identifying the effect of counselling program according to the style of dealing with self to develop skills of managing and controlling anxiety examination of female students of preparatory stage though electing the following hypothesis.1) No important statistical differences in the skills of managing and controlling examination among ranks of degrees of first experimental and control group in the posterior test at mark level of 0.05.Third : identifying the effects of consulting program according to the style of knowledge rehabilitation to develop skills of managing anxiety examination of the female students of preparatory school through testing the following tests. 1) No important statistical differences in skills of managing and controlling anxiety examination between ranks of degrees of second experimental and control groups in posterior test at mark level of 0.052) No important statistical differences in skills of managing and controlling anxiety examination between ranks of degrees of first and second empiric group in the posterior test at mark level of 0.05 3) No important statistical differences in skills of managing and controlling anxiety examination between ranks of degrees of first control and second empiric group in the posterior test at mark level of 0.05.Theoretical part of the present study includes theories and technical applied modes so that the researcher adopts theories of real consulting (Glacier) through applying stylist of dealing with self and knowledge consulting theory through applying knowledge reconstruction. The scope of the present study : - Community of the present study is consisted of : 1)measurement sample : it is totaled (?) female students at preparatory schools of Basrah Governorate Directorate of Education. 2) Experimental Sample : it is consisted of (45) female students were distributed on three groups each group of 15 female students for first empiric group and 15 female students for second empiric group and 15 female students for control empiric group. Tools of study : The literatures of firmer studies, the searcher adopts measurements of skills developing of managing the anxiety examination (Atallah, 2010) as this measurement consisted of 40 items in the primary form distributed by four fields : Muscle relaxation and controlling with physical symptoms - controlling negative thoughts or ideas - replacing it with positive thoughts or ideas - managing time. It is concluded group of psychometric characteristics for the items of measurements through producing it to group of experts and arbitrators in the education and psychology and after getting approval of 80% of the experts, the measurement became able to be applied so that the final form becomes consisting of forty items and that some items were applicable and later extracting the truth of measurement through using extinguishing force and correlation coefficient of items with total degree of the measurement and coefficient of items correlation with the field. The researches verify the truth of stability parameters y two ways (Re - test and Cronbach coefficient).Two consulting programs were built according to the style the dealing with self and knowledge rehabilitation as it is applied at Adul Majeed Al Majidi preparatory school for girls for the period from FEBV.16,2014 to April 24,2014 using chisquare - T test for two independent patterns - person correlation Coefficient) - Mann - Whitney - U test - Kruskal - Wallis - Ttest for a pattern) as a statical means to be applied in the present research. Results are concluded by this study. Two consulting programs upon two styles of dealing with self and knowledge rehabilitation effecting on developing skills of managing the anxiety examination. The researcher offers group of suggestion sand recommendations

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Author name: محمد احمد يوسف

Supervisor name: نبيل عبد الغفور عبد المجيد

General topic: Psychology

Specific topic: Psychological Counseling and Educational Guidance

Degree: Doctorate

University: Mustansiriyah University - Faculty Of Education

Language: Arabic

University location: Baghdad

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الخصائص القياسية لاختبارات المشكلات المنطقية لدى طلبة المرحلة الاعدادية على وفق نظرية القياس التقليدية ونظرية الاستجابة للفقرة == The Psychometric Characteristics Of The Logical Problems Tests For The Preparatory Stage Students According To The Traditional Theory Of Measurement And Item Response Theories

Author name: لقاء شامل خلف السوداني

Supervisor name: ياسين حميد عيال الربيعي | بشرى عبد الحسين

General topic: Psychology

Specific topic: Measurement and Evaluation

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences

Language: Arabic

University location: Baghdad

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Abstract: يهدف البحث الحالي الى مقارنة في الخصائص القياسية لاختبارات المشكلات المنطقية لدى طلبة المرحلة الاعدادية على وفق نظرية القياس التقليدية ونظرية الاستجابة للفقرة، ولتحقيق هذا الهدف اتبعت الباحثة خطوات علمية في اجراءات تحليل لاختبارات المشكلات المنطقية على وف | The current research aims to compare the standard Features of the tests of logical problems among students in the preparatory stage on according to traditional measurement theory and the theory of the response to paragraph To achieve this goal followed a researcher scientific steps in the analysis of the tests of logical problems, according to the traditional measurement theory of action, so she researcher to conduct translation of the tests of the English language to Arabic language and then reverse translation, and then has a screening committee of experts in the English language in order to make sure the translation, and after the completion of the sincerity translator procedures, hired a researcher to (14) and a competent expert in the psychological sciences and measurement psychological purpose, and no item excluded.To verify the validity of items logically and extraction of virtual honesty tests, which includes 12 tests and measures the tests of logical problems and includes (numerical strings, formal codes, classification verbal, the core part, Symmetries, synthetic language, matching definitions, Clinch, reasoning verbal reasoning problems, saliva logic, analysis of evidence), it has offered tests on (14) experts who specialize in educational and psychological sciences in the light of observations amended each and rephrase others, has not ruled out any item of tests for obtaining the required rate to accept item agreement by) 80% ( thus, it was ascertained virtual honesty tests.In order to prepare the final version of the tests, prepared his instructions clear to the student how to answer using paper separate answer and applied tests on a sample of 100 students randomly selected students from the preparatory stage / fourth grade (scientific and literary), was clear from this experiment that tests Help and clear items and understandable and that the average response time for each test as follows (numerical strings (20) minutes, the formal codes (8) minutes, the classification of verbal (6) minutes, the main part (10) minutes Symmetries (9) minutes, synthetic language (10) minutes, matching definitions (14) minutes, provisions (16) minutes, verbal reasoning (15) minutes, logic problems (20) minutes, logic games (20) minutes, the analysis of the evidence (19) minutes.For the purpose of statistical analysis of the items of the logical problems tests and extract its standard features. Tests have been applied to a sample of 1,000 male and female students were chosen "style random sampling" stratified disproportionate.As regard to the standard features of the tests in accordance with the traditional measurement theory it has been verified honesty (Virtual honesty and sincerity construction indicators are linked paragraph college degree, honesty global), and according to the stability tests in a way analysis of variance using Hewitt equation, has been depending on the difficulty coefficient and discrimination paragraph and exclusion ( 7) paragraphs because it inappropriate with simulation, were excluded (6) items of the factor analysis because less saturated (0.30)The statistical analysis according to the response to item theory has been through the researcher's dependence on a binary model of the teacher as a response to paragraph theory models in paragraphs logical problems tests and analysis as calculated Baylock program ((Bilog - m3 To achieve the assumptions of the model followed researcher follows : To check the assumption of a one - dimensional subjected researcher twelve tests global analysis in a way the basic components was obtained one factor meaningful for each test and adopted the interpretation agent on minimum for "Jtman" the border, which is the factor statistically significant when the underlying root which can be interpreted as equal to or more than a for (1), and the adoption of the saturation ratio (0.30) to accept item( items tests public worker). It has been deleted (6) items because saturation fo items was less than (0.30), and the second index is a item related to the overall degree of realization of one - dimensional.As well as matching items to model binary teacher is evidence that the items measure one - dimensional feature. Based on the value of the Chi - square level of significance (0.05) and as calculated by the program, and therefore were excluded items by the program, (4) items because they function according to the value of Chi - square, and was re - analysis again been deleted items that exceeded difficult ( - 2.5) to (2.5) as well as the items that exceeded distinguishable coefficient (5,0) to (5,2) and numbered (4) items, and then re - analysis for the third time after excluding items inappropriate, were checking the veracity of the tests through the (descriptive Believe , career sincerity, sincerity pick behavioral scale), and the stability tests by two indicators contrast ratio to estimate the stability of the test and function information to estimate the ability firming.And then it has to compare the standard Features (honesty, reliability, standard error) and proven results there is no difference in terms of honesty tests between the two theories, but for the stability of the response to items theory has sturdier than traditional measurement theory and less error, and in the light of current research results reached researcher to some conclusions and recommendations and proposals.

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المباداة وعلاقتها بدافعية الاتقان ومركز الضبط لدى طلبة الجامعة == Initiative And Its Relationship With Motivation Perfection And Locus Of Control With University Students

Author name: كهرمان هادي عودة

Supervisor name: عبد الامير عبود الشمسي

General topic: Psychology

Specific topic: Educational Psychology

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences

Language: Arabic

University location: Baghdad

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Abstract: هدف البحث الحالي الى التعرف على العلاقة بين المباداة ودافعية الاتقان ومركز الضبط لدى طلبة الجامعة , وما يتضمنه ذلك بالتعرف على مستويات كل من (المباداة , دافعية الاتقان) كذلك التعرف على نمط التوجه لدى طلبة الجامعة (داخلي , خارجي) , استخدمت الباحثة المنهج | The goal of current research to identify the relationship between proactive and motivated workmanship and locus of control with the university students, and the promise by identifying the levels of each of (proactive, motivation workmanship) as well as pattern recognition approach with university students (indoor, outdoor), the researcher used the descriptive method Correlative , be Emtema search of the University of Qadisiyah students reaching the total size of the community (15 718) spread on (14) Faculty of (5) humanitarian faculties and (9) scientific faculties and the total number of students in all scientific and humanitarian colleges (7850) males and (7868) females , reaching male number of specialized humanitarian (6360) and females of the same specialization (6076), and reached the male number of scientific specialization (1490) and female (1792), pulled a stratified random sample of (400) students distributors by gender, specialization and grade, girl researcher Standart proactive according to McClelland's theory, as well as to the motivation of workmanship scale according to the theory, the researcher adopted a measure of the adjustment center Rutter (1954) and extracted them Alsekoumtrah the necessary characteristics. And showed the search results there are statistically significant to the level of first - among university students and in favor of the sample mean, and also there are differences between males and females the level of first - in favor of females, and also indicated the results and there is statistically significant to the level of motivation workmanship among university students, and in favor of the sample mean, and also no statistically significant differences between the males and females in the motivation and the interest of the female, and the results showed also on the enjoyment of university students external tuning center where the test samples t for sample one and there is a statistically significant difference between the theoretical average and arithmetic average of the sample, the difference for the benefit of the arithmetic average, and there is a correlation positive statistically significant between proactive and relationship (motivation workmanship and the center of the outer - set) and is a negative correlation between proactive and internal control center as well as to the motivation of workmanship, and the results showed an equal proportion of the contribution Tzhmha both the motivation and the workmanship center settings.Researcher some possible recommendations for destinations that can be learned and recommended that the current results of the research are : 1 - study of factors affecting the first - such as student oriented decision - making, and provide leadership and motivation, and responsibility.2 - provide the appropriate atmosphere to ensure the stability Gamahokhash with respect to students, as this is one of the important factors in ensuring that they have the motivation workmanship.3 - broaden the base of participation in the decision - making process at the university so that the participation of educational institutions and research centers, businessmen and those concernedAs well as the proposed establishment of some studies including : 1 - proactive motivation and its relationship with the workmanship and the locus of control to the junior high school students.2 - First - time management and its relationship with the university students.3 - Carry out a similar study of the current study, but at the level of the central region in Iraq.

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القمع الفكري والاعتقادات الضمنية عن الذات والعالم وعلاقتهما بالتمرد النفسي عند طلبة الجامعة == The Thought Suppression Implied Beliefs Of Self - Reliance And The World In Relation To The Psychological Rebellion To University Students

Author name: فرمان علي محمود

Supervisor name: ناجي محمود ناجي النواب | حازم سليمان الناصر

General topic: Psychology

Specific topic: Educational Psychology

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Al-Haytham College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Department Of Educational And Psychological Sciences

Language: Arabic

University location: Baghdad

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Abstract: بحثت هذه الدراسة القمع الفكري والاعتقادات الضمنية عن الذات والعالم وما اذا كان لهما علاقة بالتمرد النفسي لدى طلبة الجامعة, فالعوامل التي تؤدي الى التمرد النفسي هي الظروف الاسرية والبيئية المحيطة الاجتماعية والطبيعية كذلك، وكيفية التعامل مع الاخرين والتاثي | The study examined the current Thought repression implied beliefs of self - reliance and the world and swollen linked with psychological rebellion to university students the factors that lead to psychological insurgency family circumstances surrounding environmental and social and natural further how to deal by others mutual influence and impact of gross, for example perceptions posed by the rights of himself and the ocean in this situation that was negative undifferentiated gross for the repression of the ideas of the behaviors of the individual and threatened. Him and his clampdown. The research aims it is : 1 - The measurement of intellectual repression of the university students.2 - Learn about the differences in intellectual repression to university students according to gender variables (males and females) and specialization (scientific, humanitarian) (phase II, IV)3 - The measurement of the implicit beliefs of self - reliance and the world to the students of the university4 - Learn about the differences in the implicit beliefs of self - reliance and the world to university students according to gender variables (males and females) and specialization (scientific, humanitarian) (phase II, IV)5 - The measurement of the psychological rebellion to the students of the university.6 - Learn about the differences in the insurgency psychological university students according to gender variables (males and females) and specialization (scientific, humanitarian) (phase II, IV)7 - Know the nature of the relationship between the psychological insurgency intellectual repressions and implied beliefs to the students of the university. The study included the students of the University of Boys and girls in the early stages of the second seminar, 4th and scientific disciplines and humanity for the academic year 2014 - 2015. Choose a descriptive approach to undertake the study, selecting a sample of (400) 14,423 students from scientific faculties, humanitarian and indiscriminately, to measure the three variables adopted Richter ready suitable Iraqi Environment psychological insurgency when university students, for measuring the variable intellectual repression of the researcher, building a scale through the use of the previous studies exploratory study and psychological literature relevant third which is implied beliefs of self - reliance and the world is evolving perspective causal theory Paige Waehner, the researcher with the help of the theories of attribution and the point reset and deontology on the subject of building an appropriate scale much by the implied warranties. Were extracted characteristics of the three? Assisted statistical pouch humanitarian and extracting result. And the results showed : 1 - The results showed on the Richter compatibility psychosocial, that students have the level of insurgency psychological, covariance Mubarakkohl plan,81,662) and the deviation of the normative,11,987), when compared to the center and the transferable which was(85) found that there were differences of the statistical significance at the level of the significance of.0.05) between the brokers2 - there are differences with statistical significance between males and females in the variable psychological insurgency male3 - no differences with statistical significance between both disciplines scientific and humanitarian fields in the insurgency psychological4 - there are differences with statistical significance between educational Stages II and IV for the benefit of the fourth stage5 - The results showed on the Richter intellectual repression that students have a level of intellectual repression, covariance them on the scale (103, 22) standard deviation (13, 76), when compared to the center and the transferable which was(95) found that there is a difference of statistical significance at the level of the significance of.0.05) between the brokers6 - No Differences with statistical significance between male and female in a changing intellectual repression7 - no differences with statistical significance between both disciplines scientific and humanitarian intellectual repression8 - no differences with statistical significance between educational Stages II and IV in intellectual repression9 - The results showed on the Richter implied beliefs of self - reliance and the world that the students have the level of allocations implied (authoritarian), covariance them on the scale (81, 66) standard deviation (11, 98), when compared to the center and the transferable which was,100) found that there is a difference of statistical significance at the level of the significance of.0.05) between the brokers10 - There are no differences with statistical significance between males and females in the implicit beliefs11 - There are no differences with significance between scientific disciplines and humanity in the implicit beliefs. - 12There are no differences with significance between educational Stages II and IV in the implicit beliefs. - 13 There is a relationship between the intellectual repression implied beliefs and psychological rebellion.According to the results of the researcher offer a number of recommendations and proposals serve current research sample examined

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مهارات توكيد الذات وعلاقتها بالاتزان الانفعالي والمبادئ الاخلاقية لدى المرشدين التربويين == Skills Of Assertion Self To Realizing Of Emotional Stability And Moral Principles For The Educational Advisers

Author name: فائزة عبد الزهرة سعيد الزهيري

Supervisor name: حسن علي سيد الدراجي

General topic: Psychology

Specific topic: Psychological Counseling and Educational Guidance

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences

Language: Arabic

University location: Baghdad

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Abstract: تواجة العملية التربوية بنحو عام، والارشاد بنحو خاص مشكلات متعددة وصعوبات بالغة تعرقل تحقيق الاهداف الارشادية المرسومة، ويمر بلدنا الحبيب العراق بازمات متعددة وضعت عدد من المشكلات والصعوبات امام العملية الارشادية. واذا ما ضعفت مهارات توكيد الذات لدى الم | The educational process in general and the educational advising in special have posed a number of serious problems deter realizing the targeted orientation objectives, our beloved country Iraq undergoes several crises amongst moral , political and economic crises, set a number of problems and difficulties before the orientation process, and set skills of self affirmation for the educational advisers, and their emotional equilibrium and they have become unstable emotional personality and the moral principles have become lessen for them, and they did not characterized by it in their advising job which has reflected negatively on the advising process, there is no doubt that the advising process in general and the educational advisors in especial have an active role in assisting those are advised and the school in realizing the targeted educational objectives, and it is integrated for the educational work, and could not be get ride of its effective role in the educational process. The current research has strived to realizing the liaison correlations among skills of self - affirmation, the emotional Stability and the moral principles for the educational advisers in Baghdad governorate at the general directorate of educational in KARKH and RUSAFA, and of both general( male - female) and the research sample consisted of (300 ) of educational he/ she advisers chosen from the six general directorate of Education, and the results have revealed that the educational advisers of the current research sample enjoyed skills of self - affirmation, emotional equilibrium and in the moral values, the results have displayed also, that the period of service have been contrasted in the three variables, one for the short period and second for short period service, and third for the long period of service for each service separately. The results have proved that there is positive liaison correlation among the three variables of the research, skills of, self - affirmation, emotional equilibrium and the moral principles, and the current research has come up with anumber of recommendations and suggestions.

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تاجيل الاشباع الاكاديمي وعلاقته بسمات الشخصية وتوجهات اهداف الانجاز لدى طلبة جامعة بغداد == Academic Delay Of Gratification And Its Relation To Personality Traits And The Tendencies Of The Achievement Objectives For Baghdad University Students

Author name: فاطمة مدحت ابراهيم

Supervisor name: سناء عيسى محمد الداغستاني | خالد جمال جاسم

General topic: Psychology

Specific topic: Educational Psychology

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Rushd College Of Education For Human Sciences

Language: Arabic

University location: Baghdad

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Abstract: حظي تاجيل الاشباع (Delay of Gratification) على انتباه قليل في مجال التعلم الاكاديمي، على الرغم من ارتباطه بمجموعة من المحددات الدافعية التي تشير الى الميول الدافعية لدى المتعلمين في المواقف الاكاديمية التي تمكنهم من تبني استجابات محددة تجاه بدائل الاشباع | Delay of gratification acquired little attention in academic learning field although it is related with several of motivate limits that indicates to motivate trends of the learners in academic attitudes which make them able to adopt certain towards immediate gratification substitution and delay substitution. This concept is considered one of the psychological and knowledge necessities that help the students to achieve and promote and achieve academic objectives. It is related to other variables such as personality traits and tendencies of achievement objectives.The present study aims at knowing the postponing of academic gratification and personality traits and the tendencies of the achievement objectives for the students of Baghdad University as well as knowing the range of contribution of each of personality traits tendencies of achievement objectives in delay of gratification of the students of Baghdad University. The researcher adopted the scale of postponing of academic gratification which is prepared by (Bembenutty and Karabenick 1998a) which she translated from English to Arabic.It includes (10) items distributed equally on two components (social academic gratification and nonsocial academic gratification) with four substitutions for the answers in addition using Cattell’s test for the sixteen factors (p.16) to measure personality traits. Four of the personality traits were used based on a summary picture adopted by the researcher (Al - Rubaye) which were distributed as the following enthusiasm against tranquility (13) items, boldness and dare against fear (12) items, self - trust against hope losing (13) items and experimentation against reserving (10) items. In addition building of a scale of the tendencies of the achievement objectives according to the quadruple model by (Pintrich & Schunk 1996) to measure the tendencies of the achievement objectives of the targeted group. The scale contains (50) in five scales distributed on four fields. The researcher made sure of the standard characteristics of the research tools by apply the scale on sample of (320) male and female students chosen by random class. Final application sample amounted to (500) students as (226) male students and (274) female students from Baghdad University who were chosen randomly. After applying the research tools and analyzing data the researcher concluded the following results : 1 - University students are characterized by instant gratification in performing their studying tasks. 2 - University students are characterized by traits of (boldness, self - confidence, experimentation and tranquility).3 - University students enjoy high capability of performing tasks by all the objective tendencies. 4 - There is a relation between postponing of academic gratification and personality traits for University students.5 - There is a relation between postponing of academic gratification and the tendencies of the achievement objectives for University students.6 - There is a relation between personality traits and the tendencies of the achievement objectives for University students.7 - The relation between the variables of this research are interactive among themselves and their influence is variable and exchangeable According to these results the researcher introduced the following conclusions : 1 - University students are characterized by instant gratification in performing their studying tasks.2 - University students are characterized by traits of (boldness, self - confidence, experimentation and tranquility).3 - University students enjoy high capability of performing tasks by all the objective tendencies. Also the researcher introduces several recommendations, the most important are : 1 - Encourage teaching staff in the university to make programs of training and educational instructions in studying rooms to invoke and train the students on delay of gratification and practice self - control.Also the importance of teaching the students how to develop their awareness of the future objectives to test positive and negative results that are related to their objectives.2 - Teaching staff members have to enroll the students in learning activities that increase their desire in academic delay of gratification and train the students how to overcome the distractions during studying their lessons, as well as how to face attractive instant substitutions to support their academic delay of gratification which lead to raise their studying performance.Also the researcher introduces some suggestions, the most important are : 1 - Studying the relation between academic delay of gratification and its motive elements and expose the best motive elements in predicting of academic delay of gratification.2 - Experimental study to research the relation between student preference to academic delay of gratification and their real behavior.

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