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دراسة الاصابات الفطرية الجلدية لدى الاطفال في موضع الحفاظة == Mycological Infections In Children In The Position of The Diaper

اسم المؤلف: عباس عبد الحسين محي
اسم المشرف: ماجد كاظم عبود الشبلي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية - الفطريات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:

التحري عن فيروس التهاب الكبد نمط B باستخدام تقنيات ELISA وReal Time PCR في دم ولعاب المرضى في محافظة الانبار == Detection of Hepatitis B Virus By Using Elisa And Real Time PCR Techniques in Patients' Blood And Saliva in Al - Anbar Governorate

اسم المؤلف: ثائر عبد الله حسن الدليمي
اسم المشرف: امين سليمان بدوي الجنابي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هذه الدراسة في مختبرات قسم علوم الحياة في كلية التربية وفي مختبرات مستشفى الرمادي التعليمي العام ومستشفى الرمادي للنسائية والاطفال ومختبرات النظائر المشعة في بغداد للفترة من 1/11/2011 ولغاية 1/5/2012 والتي تضمنت التحري عن فيروس التهاب الكبد نمط B في | The present study has been carried out at the laboratories of the department of biology at the college of Education and the laboratories of the public - teaching Al - Ramadi hospital and Al - Ramadi hospital for women and children and laboratories of Al - Nathaer Al - Mushe'ah in Baghdad for the period from 1/11/2011 to 1/5/2012. The study consisted of the investigation about Hepatitis B virus in the saliva as compared with serum by using the ELISA and Real Time PCR techniques as well as the detection about antigens and antibody to this virus in serum. It also seeks about the liver functions enzymes and evaluating the extent of its importance for diagnosing liver disease resulted that virus. However, the obtained results showed that HBsAg antigen was found in 99.4% and (1.101± 0.335) mean ±SD in serum as compared with 48.6% in saliva with a (0.330±0.278) mean ±SD, that gave a noticeable increase when comparing it with the control group which was (0.0039± 0.0024) and (0.0017±0.0014 ) for serum and saliva respectively. The value of T test for serum and control group was (16.25) , while the value of T test for saliva and control group was (4.18). The proportion of correlation between saliva and serum in ELISA test was equal to (0.361) with high significance of test while the value of T test for them was (28.902) with high significance of test. The results have also stated that the age groups involved in the experiment contributed as being high proportion of infection in the serum, but in the saliva, these proportions were different and it has been found that the high proportion of infection was 53.3% in the group (10 - 20) yrs., While the lowest proportion was 38.4% in the (31 - 40) yrs. Moreover, it has been concluded that the number of males exceeded the number of females, but the number of females was the most infected with HBsAg in the experiment group. However, the total number of males was 91, It was found that 90 males have positive test to the HBsAg in serum with a proportion equals 98.9% whiles 42 males have a positive test to the HBsAg in saliva with a proportion equals 46.1%. on contrary, the number of female was 84 female and all of them had a positive test to the HBsAg in serum with a proportion 100% and 43 females have a positive test to the HBsAg in the saliva with 51.1 % as compared with control group which included 15 males and 10 female. All of them were negative to the HBsAg test in serum and saliva... The levels of HBV DNA were determined in the samples of positive saliva to ELISA test by using Real Time PCR. 95% from tested serum samples were positive to the viral load While in saliva 50% from the samples was HBV DNA positive. The results also showed that soluble antigen HBeAg has been detected in 24 patients with 13.7% from a total 175 patient as compared with the control group that showed a negative result to this antigen. As for the antibodies, it has been found that anti - HBc IgM was found in only 5 patients with 2.5% while anti - HBc IgG was found in 170 patients with 97.2% from the total number of patients. The control group revealed negative result for these two antibodies. The anti - HBeAg was in 150 patients with 85.7% from the total number of patients. There were no positive patients to this antibody in control group. The anti - HBs wasn’t found in any patient but it was found in the half of control group. This emphasizes to immunize against HBV in those members. The results also exposed that there was a noticeable increase in liver enzymes that it was found that ALT the elevated levels of were found in 76% of patients. As compared with the control group which has normal values 100%. As for AST enzyme was elevated in 60.6%, As compared with the control group which was normal 100%.It has been observed that ALP enzyme was elevated with a 38.4% in the experiment patients as compared with the control group which was normal 100%. Finally, the total values of TSB was elevated in 35.5%, As compared with control group which was normal 100% with (0.52±0.19). Nevertheless, it has been noticed that it cannot be judged about the person's blood on the basis that it is healthy in case of absence of surface antigen unless it is certain that his/her blood is free from HBV DNA by using the technique of Real Time PCR - since many patients who heal from past infection or their infection in a time of passive and amounts of HBV DNA can't be diagnosed by using the ELISA technique

عزل وتشخيص الجين lipA المنتج من بكتريا الزائفة الزنجارية من مياه الصرف الصناعي == Isolation And Identification of lipA Gene Producing Pseudomonas Aeruginosa From Industrial Wastewater

اسم المؤلف: انتصار طه لفتة
اسم المشرف: واثق عباس الدراغي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: توضح هذه الدراسة عزل lipA gene من الزوائف الزنجارية من مياه الصرف الصناعية للزيوت النباتية وتشخيصها اعتمادا على تفاعل البلمرة المتسلسل (PCR). استغرقت هذه الدراسة تسعة اشهر, من شهر شرين الاول 2014 لغاية حزيران 2015. تم جمع خمسين عينة من مياه الصرف الصناع | This study clarify the isolation and identification of lipA gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa from industerial wastewater of vegetable oils factories depending on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The present study had taken nine monthes starting from October 2014, till the mid of June 2015. Fifty samples of industrial wastewater were collected from the factories of the general company of vegetable oils, fourty from AL Rasheed factory and ten from AL ameen factory, the samples collected from the physical, chemical and biological treatment units, and other different wastewater tanks departments. While the four sewage samples were collected from sewer service Baghdad /Alrustumaiya. For Identification of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, two types of tests were used in this study. The first type was the routine tests, which include selective cultures, bacteriological and biochemical tests. Thirty four of fifty samples (68%) gave a positive growth and results for tests that were used to confirm the presence of P. aeruginosa. In addition to diagnosis P. aeruginosa in sewage sample which prepare the biological treatment units in vegetable oils factories as active sludge, other bacterial types have been diagnosed by using traditional methods and API 20 E system. For detection of bacterial lipolytic activity, two methods were used for this purpose, the first was the screening of bacterial lipolytic activity which was based on values of clear zones diameter around bacterial colony. The best values were between (1.9 _ 2.7) cm. The second test was carried by the Gas - Chromatography - Flame ionization detector, fatty acids solutions that were produced from hydrolysis by lipase enzyme were extracted by Petrolium ether solvent then analyzed by gas chromatograph apparatus. The second type of test was the Molecular diagnosis by using the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) to detect lipA gene in Pseudomonas aeruginosa by two primers. Through two primers used, lipA 948 was the best and more specialized primer to isolation lipA gene of P. aeruginosa. It gave (100%) a positive result. While the second primer lipA 558, gave (66.66%) a positive result and that may be due to the design of this oligonucleotides was not specific for lipA of P.aeruginosa. This is so as was based on highly preserved region of 12 bacterial lipA - homologous genes for many genus and many species belong to Pseudomonas. DNA sequencing done for amplicon generated using lipA 948, this sequence aligned by using BLASTn software against NCBI database to validate the results and investigate the similarity degree with other corresponding strains.

تاثير الرش بمستخلص الاعشاب البحرية وخليط من الاحماض الامينية في الصفات الفسلجية والتشريحية لصنفين من نبات الفلفل الحلو Capsicum annuum L == Effect of Spraying With Seaweed Extract And Amixture of Amino Acids In Physiological And Anatomical Characters of Two Sweet Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) Cultivars

اسم المؤلف: انتظار عباس مرهون الزبيدي
اسم المشرف: مجيد كاظم عباس الحمزاوي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - الفسلجة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Three experiments were conducted on two cultivars of sweet pepper Capsicum annuum L.; Flavio F1 and California wonder, to study the effect of seaweed extract and amino acids mixture and their combination on some vegetative and reproductive parameters, and some physical and qualitative characters of fruits. In addition, the chemical composition of leaves and some anatomical characters of stems were also evaluated. Furthermore, the effect of some treatments on genetic variations in both cultivars were studied. The field experiments were carried out at the fields the College of Agriculture/Al - Qadisiya University. The experiment was started at 18 - 1 - 2013 and ended at 3 - 7 - 2013. Seaweed extract, Basfoliar Kelp SL, was used at two concentrations; 3 or 6 ml. L - 1 in addition to control treatment (distilled water only). Also, a mixture of amino acids was used at two concentrations; 400 or 800 mg. L - 1 in addition to control treatment. Spray with the two substances was done in the early morning. The treatments were designed as a factorial experiment with two factors (3X3) in a randomized complete block design with four replications. The vegetative characters measured included; plant height, number of branches, percent of dry weight of shoot and root, and leaf chlorophyll content. Also, nitrogen percent, phosphorus and potassium content in leaves and roots was determined. The flowering and yield characters included; total number of flowers per plant, fruit set percentage, and total fruit yield per plant. In addition, weight, size, diameter and fruit length were measured. Vitamin C, total phenols, TSS, total sugars, alkaloids percent and the capsicin were measured in fruit juice. The anatomical characters of plant stem were included; epidermis, cortex and vascular bundles thickness, diameter of vascular units and pith thickness. The laboratory experiment was carried out during the period from 2 - 9 - 2013 till 16 - 10 - 2013. Spray with the two substances and their combination, at the same concentrations as used in the field experiment, was done on plants at the true leaves stage. The experiment was design as a factorial experiment with two factors in completely randomized design with four replications. The chemical characters measured in leaves included; content of auxin and gibberellin like substances, activity of catalase and peroxidase enzymes, amino acid content in addition to protein and sugar percent. Also, the genetic variation and genetic distance degree due to some treatments compared to control treatment using the RAPD with five primers was studied. The results were as the following : 1. Using seaweed extract and amino acids mixture, especially at the higher concentration, caused a significant increase in all vegetative characters measured for the two cultivars. 2. There were a pronounced increase in nitrogen percentage in plant shoot and root as the concentration of the treatments increased in both cultivars. 3. Increasing the concentration of the two factors caused an increase in phosphorus content in plant shoot of both cultivars. In roots, the use of the higher concentration of seaweed extract increased phosphorus content in Flavio F1 cultivar only. on the other hand, there was no significant effect on the mineral content in California wonder cultivar. Also, there was no significant effect on the phosphorus content in both cultivars due to the use of the two concentrations of amino acids and the combination of the two factors. 4. The use of seaweed extract caused a significant increase in potassium content in the shoots of the two cultivars. Also, the two concentrations of the amino acids caused an increase in the mineral content in shoots of the Flavio F1 cultivar only, while there was no effect in the California wonder cultivar. In roots, there was a significant effect due to the use of seaweed extract on potassium content, while there was no effect due to the use of the amino acids in Flavio F1 cultivar. In California wonder cultivar, no significant increase in potassium content was recarded in roots due to the use of all concentrations. 5. Seaweed extract and amino acids extract concentrations caused significant increase in total flowers number, fruit set, number of fruits per plant, plant yield and the physical characters of fruits, where the higher concentration of the two substances used gave highest values of fruit diameter, weight and size in both cultivars. Fruit length was not affected in Flavio F1 cultivar only. 6. The use of the two substances caused pronounced increase in TSS, sugars, vitamin C and phenols in the fruit of the two cultivars. Also, The use of seaweed extract had no effect on total alkaloids in Flavio F1 cultivar. While the amino acids mixture at the two concentrations increased alkaloids percent in fruit of the two cultivars. Also, there was a clear increase in the active ingredient (capsicin alkaloid) as the concentrations of the two substances used increase. 7. Both substances increased the auxin like substances in leaves of the two cultivars. The gibberelline like substances did not affect due to the use of seaweed extract of either cultivars. Amino acids had no significant effect. 8. The use of seaweed extract and amino acids mixture and their combination caused a significant increase in catalase and peroxidase activity in leaves, except the activity of peroxidase in leaves of California wonder cultivar which not affected by the seaweed extract. 9.Total free amino acids content and protein percent increased as the concentration of the two factors increased. Also, seaweed extract had significant effect on the percent of the total sugar. Amino acids treatments had no effect on sugar percent. 10.Using seaweed extract or amino acids caused an increase in epidermis and cortex thickness and size of vascular bundles of stem of both cultivars. 11.The use of seaweed extract, especially at the higher concentration, had significant effect in increasing the diameter of vascular units, while there was no effect due to the use of the amino acids. 12.There was a negative effect of the seaweed extract on pith thickness due to the use of the seaweed extract. on the other hands, the amino acids treatments caused an increase in stem pith. 13.The combination between seaweed extract and amino acids treatment had significant effect on most of the morphological, physiological and anatomical characters studied for both cultivars. 14.Increasing concentrations of seaweed extract and amino acids mixture or their combination caused an increase in DNA and RNA content in leaves of the two cultivars. The increase was greater at the higher concentration of both substances used. 15. Treatment with some concentrations of seaweed extract and amino acids and their combination produced plants with genetic variation as compared to the control plant using RAPD technology with five primers. The variation ranged from 13.04% using OPB - 9 primer to 33.33% using OPB - 4 and OPB - 11 primers in Flavio F1 cultivar. In California wonder cultivar, the variation ranged from 4.35% using OPB - 14 primer to 73.33% using OPB - 5 primer.

الاكثار الخضري لنبات Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr. خارج الجسم الحي == In Vitro Vegetative Propagation of Spilanthes Acmella (L.) Murr

اسم المؤلف: انسام زهير جاسم الحسني
اسم المشرف: بشرى محمد جابر علوش
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية العلوم للبنات
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: وظفت تقانة زراعة الانسجة لاكثار نبات Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr. كونه نباتا غير مستزرع في العراق ولاهميته الطبية والزراعية بوصفه نبات زينة فضلا عن استعمالاته الاخرى. عقمت البذور بمادة هايبوكلورات الصوديوم(NaOCl) وزرعت على وسط Murashige وSkoog (1962) (MS | The technique of plant tissue culture has been manipulated to In vitro micropropagation of Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr. It is an ornamental and medicinal plant not cultivated in Iraq. Seeds were sterilized by sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and cultuared on full strength Murashige and Skoog medium(1962) (MS). Nodal segments, apical shoots, and leaflets explants were taken from seedlings and cultured on (MS) medium enriched with different concentrations of Indol acetic acid (IAA), Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) Benzyl adenine (BA), and 6 - furfurylaminopurine (Kin.). The study include the effect of node orientation vertically and horizontally on induction of shoots formation. The effect of the interaction between IAA and BA, IAA and Kin. on shoot multiplication was investigated. Rooting was also studied after inclusion of IBA and IAA to full and half - strength (MS) medium. At acclimatization stage, different ratios of river sand and peat moss as agricultural media were tested and plantlets survival was recorded. DNA isolation was carried out from fresh and dry plantlet leaves as well as from seeds and Agarose Gel Electrophoresis (AGE) was done. Results showed that 1.5% sodium hypochlorite for 15 min was very effective for disinfecting and survival. The nodes cultured vertically exhibited relatively highest response as compared with apical shoots and leaflets culture. Supplying the culture medium with 1 mg/L. BA was effective for lateral shoot induction. The mean number of shoots obtained from nodes were 7.43 with a mean length 0.9 cm. Adding IAA at 0.1 and Kin. at 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 mg/L. to the growth medium was effective for multiplication. Mean number of the developed shoots were 12.00, 14.20, 13.60 shoots/ explants with a mean length of 3.40, 2.60, 1.40 cm, respectively. Adding 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 mg/L IBA to the half strength MS medium was very effective in root formation which produced 45.0, 42.5, 40.0 roots, respectively, with mean length of 3.25, 3.80, 3.80 cm, respectively. Plantlets were acclimatized successfully achieving 100% survival after four weeks when transferred to agricultural medium consisted of river sand and peat moss at 1 : 1 v/v ratio. This study showed the ability of in vitro micropropagation of Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr. DNA isolation from drying leaves was butter than fresh leaves with the precense of liquid nitrogen.

تاثير التدخين على بعض القيم الكيميائية الحيوية في مصل الدم للمدخنين الاصحاء == Effect of Smoking On Some Biochemical Values In The Blood Serum of Healthy Smokers

اسم المؤلف: انفال كاظم عبد
اسم المشرف: حميد محمود مجيد
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الفسلجة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: ان ظاهرة التدخين منتشرة على نطاق واسع في جميع انحاء العالم ولها تاثيرات سلبية على الصحة العامة، تعد احد الاسباب الرئيسة للاصابة بالسرطان. اجريت الدراسة في قضاء بعقوبة مركز محافظة ديالى للمدة من الخامس من تشرين الاول 2014 لغاية 1 ايار 2015، تهدف هذه الدراس | The phenomenon of smoking spread widely all over the world and have negative effects on public health and one of the main causes of cancer, a study was conducted in the district of Baquba, center of Diyala province for the period of 5th October 2014 to 1st May 2015, where a total sample of 180 persons from smokers and nonsmokers. The study aimed to knowledge effect of smoking on some biochemical values. The study samples were divided depending on the number of cigarettes consumed per day into four groups : Group I : smokers who smoked more than 20 cigarettes per day No.30 aged between (30 - 40) years.Group II : smokers who smoked more than 30 cigarettes per day No.30 aged between (30 - 40) years.Group III : smokers who smoked more than 40 cigarettes per day No.37 aged between (30 - 40) years.Group IV : smokers who smoked more than 50 cigarettes per day No.23 aged between (30 - 40) years.These groups were compared with non - smokers group consisting of 60 persons age range between (30 - 40) years. Results of statistical analysis showed : The presence of a significant rise in the level of probability of P <0.01 in the levels of TC, TG, LDL - C and VLDL - C in smokers compared with non - smokers, with these high levels to increase the number of cigarettes smoked per day, especially in the two groups of the third and fourth - smoking,. agreement this increase with height in levels (MDA) Malondialdehyde, while levels of HDL - C decreased inversely with the number of cigarettes smoked per day and the values of MDA.Increase the activity of the liver enzyme AST, ALT, ALP, LDH and decreasing in total serum bilirubin value in all smokers groups compared with nonsmoker. Elevated potassium ion level in all smokers groups compared with non - smokers. and ions of sodium and chloride were not affected. We conclude from the above there is a positive correlation between the number of cigarettes smoked per day relationship and TC, TG, LDL - C, VLDL - C and MDA, as well as liver enzymes : AST, ALT, ALP, LDH and the existence of a negative correlation between the numbers of cigarettes smoked per day and HDL - C, TSB in smokers

العلاقة المحتملة بين مرض الاكياس المائية وسرطان الكبد والرئتين == The Probable Relationship Between The Hydatidosis And Liver And Lungs Cancer

اسم المؤلف: ايمان سلمان خميس محمود
اسم المشرف: ندى محمد طه البشير | نغم ياسين البياتي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعد الاصابة ببعض العوامل المرضية مسؤولة عن حوالي خمس حالات السرطان في العالم. وهنالك العديد من الاصابات الطفيلية التي ثبت دورها كمسبب او محفز لسرطانات معينة، الا ان العلاقة بين الاصابة بالاكياس المائية والسرطان مازالت موضع جدال ولذلك فقد هدفت الدراسة الح | Infectious agents are responsible for about one fifth of all cancer cases worldwide. Some parasitic infections are well documented to cause certain cancers. However, the association of hydatid cyst (HC) with cancer is a controversial issue. The current study aimed to investigate the possible association between chronic hydatid cyst infection with liver and lung cancers. The study involved three groups : the first group included 42 patients with HC, the second group included 35 patients with liver (12) and lung (23) cancers, while 25 apparently healthy individuals were recruited to represent the third group (control). Number, diameter, location and the status (calcified or non - calcified) of the HC were recorded from HC group. Blood samples were collected from the studied groups from which serum were separated and kept until being used. Enzyme linked immune - sorbent assay (ELISA) was used to estimate serum levels of anti - HC IgG antibodies, carbohydrate antigen (CA19 - 9), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and ? - glutaml transferase (GGT), while Absorbance measured by spectrophotometric method was used to determine levels of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and adenosine deamimase (ADA).All members of HC group gave positive result for anti - HC IgG antibodies compared to 11 patients from cancer group and oneindividual from control group (Odds ratio =8.3). Both HC and cancer groups showed significantly higher p<0.05 levels of CA19 - 9, ALP, LDH and GGT ((76.16±58.26 U/ml and 110.77±96.47 U/ml), (131.81±76.65 U/L and 141.72±97.23 U/L), (244.24±117.94 U/L and 254.68± 115.56 U/L) and (95.06±66.73 U/L and 105.12± 41.42 U/L) respectively) than control group (10.81± 9.12 U/ml, 65.14± 25.21 U/L, 146.15± 37.59 U/L and 17.21± 6.87 U/L respectively). In cancer group, casp - 8 level (72.20±54.72 picomol/ L) was significantly lower from than that of control group (92.30± 41.20 picomol/L) and insignificantly from that of HC group (60.86±40.84 picomol/L). In HC group, ADA level was 47.84±10.65 U/L and was significantly higher p<0.05 than that of cancer group (10.14± 1.99 U/L) and control (16.09±2.70 U/L).Investigation for the risk factors which may increase the risk of developing liver or lung cancers in HC patients revealed that male, smokers and rural residents were more susceptible for such development (Odds ratios : 3.45, 6.982 and 5.48, respectively). Number and cyst size were significantly correlated with the level of anti - HC IgG antibodies (r= 0.539, P<0.001 and r= 0.618, P< 0.001 respectively), while calcified cysts associated with significantly higher levels p<0.05 of CA19 - 9 and GGT (105.03±88.9 U/ml and 145.46±101.57 U/L, respectively) than that of non - calcified cysts(65.91±39.87 U/ml and 77.17±7.23 U/L, respectively). Average level of anti - HC IgG antibobodies in calcified cysts was 19.75±13.11U/ml and was significantly P<0.05 lower than its counterpart of non - calcified cysts (85.017±76.84 U/ml). All studied parameters showed significantly higher levels in livers cysts than their counterparts in lung cysts. Results of the current study indicate that chronic infection with HC can increase the host susceptibility to develop liver or lung cancer.

تاثير الجسيمات النانوية للنحاس على بعض اعضاء الجهاز التكاثري الذكري للفئران البيض Mus musculus == Effect of Copper Nanoparticles On Some Organs of Male Reproductive System In Albino Mice Mus Musculus

اسم المؤلف: ايمن راضي حبيب
اسم المشرف: محمد ناجي طه
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الفسلجة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study was conducted on 20 male of Swiss albino mice, where the main target of this study was to identify the influence of copper nanoparticles (Cu - NPs) on some organs of the male reproductive system. Animals were orally administered with 0.1 ml of 100 mg/kg Cu - NPs for 7, 14, 21 days. Then the animals were dissected in the next day after the end of the dosing period and took from them testes and epididymis (head and tail) to study the parameters in which these particles have affected, and this parameter as follows : 1 - Changes in the weights of each of the animals bodies, testes, tunica albuginea, and epididymis (heads and tails). 2 - Changes in sperm characteristics in testes and epididymis (head and tail), which included : the percentage of live sperms, abnormal sperms and sperm concentration. 3 - Changes in the percentages of the spermatogenic cells, which included : a - Spermatogonia. b - Primary & Secondary Spermatocytes. c - Spermatids. d - Sperms. 4 - Changes in numbers of leydig cells and nuclei diameters. 5 - Changes in diameters of seminiferous tubules and their lining wall thickness. 6 - Changes in thickness and height of epithelial cells in both the head and tail of the epididymis. 7 - Histopathological changes in testes and epididymis (head and tail). Phenotype description of testes from mice treated with copper nanoparticles for a period of 21 days occurrence of congestion and a few amount of fatty material around the testes. The results also revealed a decline in the average body weights on the period of 7 and 21 days of treatment when compared with the weight of the same animals before treatment and the decline was significantly at (P<0.05). Whereas the testes and tunica albuginea weights recorded a significant decrease in their average weights (P<0.05) when compared with control groups. As well as the epididymis weights where showed significantly decrease (P<0.05) in the average of the epididymides heads weights for all three periods of treatment, while a significant decrease (P<0.05) in the average weight of the epididymis tail appear for two periods 7 and 21 days compared with control groups. The study also reported a decrease in the percentage of live sperm and the average sperm concentration and an increase in the percentage of sperm abnormalities extended to all periods of treatment compared with control groups and this change was significant at the level of (P<0.05). The number of leydig cells and nuclei diameters, the results show a decrease in their averages and all the extended treatment period when compared with control groups, and this decrease was significantly at (P<0.05). Treatment with particles of copper nanoparticle indicated a decrease in the percentage of spermatogonia, primary spermatocytes and sperms in all periods of treatment compared with control groups and this decrease was significantly at the level of (P<0.05). While the results of the study revealed a significant increase at the level of (P<0.05) in the percentage of secondary spermatocytes and spermatids compared with the control animals. The study also showed a significant decrease at the level of (P<0.05) in the diameter of the seminiferous tubules of testes and the wall thickness of the seminiferous tubules for all periods of treatment compared with control groups. As well as a reduction in wall thickness and height of the epithelium in epididymis (head and tail) for all periods of treatment compared with control animals and this decline was significantly at (P<0.05). The current study also recorded a textile damage in the testes and epididymis (head and tail), which summarized the crash of some seminiferous tubules, degeneration of lining cells in tubule, the appearance of vacuole between cells and lifting epithelium from the basement membrane. On this basis, this study has shown for the first time that particles of copper nanoparticles have a negative impact on the effectiveness and activity of the male reproductive system in albino mice.

دراسة تشريحية مقارنة للاجزاء الخضرية وبعض الاجزاء التكاثرية لمراتب من العائلة القرعية Cucurbitaceae في العراق == Comparative Anatomical Study of Vegetative And Some Reproductive Parts For Taxa of The Family Cucurbitaceae In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: باسمة محمد رضا كاظم العبيدي
اسم المشرف: عذية ناهي سلمان المشهداني
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: النبات - التشريح
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تناولت الدراسة الحالية دراسة تشريحية مقارنة لتسعة مراتب من العائلة القرعية Cucurbitaceae المستزرعة والبرية والتي زرعت في الحديقة النباتية لكلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة ابن الهيثم والمراتب هي : 1 - Citrullus colocynthis Schrad2 - Citrullus vulgaris Schrad3 | The present study included comparative anatomical study for nine taxa of Cucurbitaceae family for cultivated and wild types, which were planted in the garden of College of Education for Pure Sciences/ Ibn Al - Haitham. These taxa included : Citrullus colocynthis Schrad, Citrullus vulgaris Schrad, Cucumis melo Linnaeus, Cucumis melo var.flexuosus Naudin, Cucumis sativus Linnaeus, Cucurbita maxima Duchesne, Cucurbita pepo Linnaeus, Lagenaria siceraria (Mol.) Standl, Luffa cylindrica (Linnaeus) M. Roem. This study focused on some the anatomical characterization as compared study for the first time to these taxa in Iraq. This study included the features of ordinary epidermal cells, leaves petioles, stems, pedicles and sepals of the studied taxa. The results found the appearance of stomata in the stems and petioles in straight line as adjacent planar shape to the epidermal cells and not scattered as found in the leaves, this result was seen for the first time in the current taxa. Furthermore, the stomata have been shown in pedicel and sepals in same type as the stomatal complexes in leaves. The importance of phenotypic variation for the length and types of eglandular trichomes and the presence or not of glandular trichomes were found to carry out the role of indumentum in the different isolated taxa. Additionally, this study included the examination of the cross sections of the roots and also exposed the constituent tissues of it, the variation in the thickness of epidermis, cortex, vascular cambium as well as the arrangement of phloem cells have an important role in the studied taxa. The cross sections of stems, leaves petioles and pedicles showed shape and studied a significant role in the studied taxa and split them into groups.Moreover, this study concluded that the following of above sections from the outside into the inside has an important role to find out their constituent tissue. Thus the results of the study clarified the importance of epidermis tissue through the explanation of the outer and inner tangential walls of their cells and the variation in their dimensions, thickness and kind of stomatal complexes; therefore it has been given the importance of those features in the studied taxa in this study. Cortex tissue showed an extension of angular collenchyma and chloronechyma from stem to pedicel and have shown variation in the thickness in these two layers which was useful in the classification of studied taxa. Vascular tissues differed in the shape of vascular bundle, the number of rows and xylem units and the arrangement of the internal phloem, and all of those characteristics have helped in the studied taxa. In addition, the vascular tissues helped to find their arranged in the stems and found as vascular cylinder shape, while in the petioles and pedicel shown as vascular ribbons were which took the shape of sections petioles and pedicel. The medullar cells and medullary rays have been studied and also their similarity in the morphological characterization and function. Moreover, the anatomical features of the vertical sections of the laminae of leaves in mesophyll tissue have been examined, in the thickness of palaside and spongy layers in midrib, the variation in number and arrangement of vascular bundles have an important role in the studied taxa. In the current study, the ordinary and petal leaves venation and the type of venation have been studied in the studied taxa. Moreover the vertical sections for sepals were examined and also their similarity with laminae of leaves which was useful for studying the constituent tissues of some parts such as pedicel and sepals and anatomical features; and all of the studied characterization helped to study the vegetative parts through following them in studied taxa.

دراسة فعالية المشتت الحيوي السطحي المستخلص من بكتريا Bifidobacterium spp في تثبيط الغشاء الحيوي للمسببات المرضية المعزولة من مرضى القسطرة القلبية وتاثيره في عملية البلعمة == Study of The Effectiveness of Biosurfactant Extracted From Bacteria Bifidobacterium Spp. In The Inhibition of Biofilm of Pathogens Isolated From Cardiac Catheterization Patients And Its Effect In Phagocytosis

اسم المؤلف: بتول شاكر عبد المجلاوي
اسم المشرف: هيام عبد الرضا كريم العواد | علي رحيم حنظل الهامل
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة كربلاء - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: كربلاء
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study was conducted in order to assess the effect of Biosurfactant extracted from bacteria Bifidobacterium spp in the inhibition of Biofilm produced by pathogenesis bacterial isolated from patients with during cardiac catheterization, This study getting 89 patients with cardiac catheterization unit in AL - Imam AL - Hussain Teaching Hospital from both genders of different ages ranged between (29 - 75) years, starting from (January 2014 and to the end of July 2014). The samples taken from atherosclerosis patients were cultured for all types of cardiac catheterization by three tests Swabs, catheter tip culture and blood culture sample before and after a catheter for the purpose of isolating pathogens that component of the biofilm of patients with atherosclerosis. The results of the current study showed that patients with diagnostic cardiac catheterization rate of 66 (74.16%) patients were given 15 (60%), 15 (60%), 14 (58.33%) and 15 (62.5%) bacterial growth, respectively. But patients with therapeutic cardiac catheterization of 15 (16.85%) patients were given 6 (24%), 6 (24%), 6 (25%) and 6 (25%) bacterial growth respectively, and diagnostic and therapeutic cardiac catheterization for together 8 (8.99 %) patients were given 4 (16%) 0.4 (16%), 4 (14.67%) and 3 (12.5%), bacterial growth, respectively. The results showed sensitivity and specificity values for swabs test 96%, 100%. while the catheter tip culture was 96% and 100% respectively, and blood culture was 100 and 98%, respectively, it became clear from the results after the sample cultivations on the enrichment and differential media that 89 patients (sample joint) gave 25 (28.08%) positive sample for bacterial cultivation, and two of them showed two types of bacteria to become 27 isolated bacterial, isolates were diagnosed 11 (70.74%) gram positive, 15 (55.56%) gram negative , one isolate only of the yeasts 1 (3.70%), and 64 (71.91%) did not give any growth. Ability of pathological isolates were tested for the production of Biofilm by using three different methods, tube method TM, Congo Red Agar CRA, microtiter plate M TP were given 25 (92.6%), 16 (58.26%) and 26 (96.29%) the isolate of producing biofilm by different quantities respectively. The results of the investigation of formation biofilm test showed that MTP has 100% sensitivity and 96% specificity, the TM sensitivity was 96% and 100% specificity and CRA was sensitivity of 61.5% and 100% specificity. One hundred and fifteen samples were collected from of local and imported dairy products 45 (39.13%), breast milk 32 (27.83%) and cows milk, 38 (33.04%) were obtained at 22 (19.13%) positive sample of Bifidobacterium bacteria after morphological, microscopic and biochemical diagnosis tests and comparing these isolates with standard isolates. Oil Spreding Techingue and blood Hemolysis was performed to investigate the capability Bifidobacterium on the production biosurfactant, the efficiency antithesis test was studied of liquid bacterial farm for Bifidobacterium bacteria against bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, E coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae , and Serratia marcescens was diameters of inhibition zones (24.25, 21, 24, 22, 23) mm respectively. The inhibitory effectiveness was Studied for filtrate against bacteria Staphylococcus epidermidis, S.aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, P.aeruginosa, Enterobacter Cloacae and Serratia mercescens, where the E.coli bacteria was more effective and P.aeruginosa less effective by the bacterial filtrate. The study included the effect of three concentrations of biosurfactant against bacteria test group, and the diameters of inhibition rates of inhibition areas to concentrations 50% as follows (33.34, 30.34, 32.30, 33.32) mm respectively. The diameters rates of zones of inhibition for the concentration of 25% was as follows (30.32, 27.32, 31.28, 31.5, 29) mm respectively, and zones inhibition rates of concentration of 12.5% as follows (28.29, 24.30, 26.26, 28.26) mm respectively, statistically significant differences at the significance level of P <0.01inhibition in rates depending on the type of user concentration and statistically significant differences between the types of bacteria in their affected by biosurfactant. also determine the values of (MIC) Minimum Inhibitory Concentraction, (SubMIC) Sub Minimum Inhibitory Concentraction and (MBC) Minimum Bactericidal Concentraction, the value of MIC 6.25 mg / ml, Sub MIC 3.12 mg / ml and MBC 12.5 mg / ml of the bacteria E.coli, K. pneumoniae, Enterobacter cloacae, and the value of MIC amounted to 12.5 mg / ml, Sub MIC 6.25 mg / ml and MBC 25 mg / ml of bacteria S.aureus, S.epidermidis, P. mirabilis, P. aeruginosa and Serratia mercescens. The susceptibility of biosurfactant was studied to inhibit biofilm bacteria by MTP method The results showed a significant decrease in the formation of biofilm after the addition of biosurfactant compared with the biofilm before adding biosurfactant where the decreased rate reached 96%. Effect of biosurfactant test was performed on the efficiency of phagocytosis in vitro the percentage of phagocytosis reached 40.9% of the control group 64.8% of the experimental group. Concluded that the biosurfactant has a clear inhibitory efficacy against pathogens isolated from patients with cardiac catheterization and inhibition of biofilm for pathogens as well as raising the efficiency of the process of phagocytosis in vitro

التحري عن الاميبا الحالة للنسج/ الاميبا المتغايرة Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar في عينات البراز للمرضى با ستعمال تقنية PCR == Detection of Entamoeba Histolytic /Entamoeba Dispar In Stool Specimens By Using PCR Technique

اسم المؤلف: بثينة عبد الحمزة حسون الزبيدي
اسم المشرف: اخلاص مشرف عيدان
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية - الطفيليات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تسلط الدراسة الحالية الضوء على تشخيص وتحديد نسبة الاصابة بطفيلي الاميبا المرضية المتمثلة بالاميبا الحالة للنسج Entamoeba histolytica وتمييزها عن الاميبا غير المرضية المتمثلة بالاميبا المتغايرة Entamoeba dispar اللتين تتمايزان بشكلهما المتماثل في كلا الطور | This study sheds light on the determination and diagnose of the percentage of infection of like Entamoeba histolytica and differentiate it from the non pathogenic Entamoeba dispar that were morphologically identical in both cysts and trophozoite phase in two different groups : the first group includes 50 stool samples of patients suffering from diarrhea and abdominal pain (symptomatic group) while the second group includes 95 stool samples of patients not suffering from diarrhea and abdominal pain (Asymptomatic group).In addition to that, 20 stool samples were collected from healthy individuals as a control these samples were collected patients of AL - Zafaranyia General Hospital and AL - Alwyia Childhood Teaching Hospital in Baghdad from July, 2011 to May, 2012.These samples belong to different ages (1 year - < 50 years) of different sexes (males and females). Entamoeba samples were diagnosed by using two methods : the first one is the wet mount as a General Stool Examination(GSE) after macroscopic examination for sample and classifying them according to their consistency (solid, semisolid and liquid) and color (brown and yellow) and presence of blood and mucous in addition to diagnosing them microscopically to detect the presence of pus cells and both phases trophozoite and cyst for Entamoeba histolytica.While the second method that was depended in diagnosis is duplex polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) by using two pairs of genes for detection of their amplification in DNA sample isolated from stool. The first pair is cystein proteinase which represents one of virulent factors in Entamoeba histolytica parasite as a tissue invader. The second pair encodes the surface antigen present on the surfaces of both parasites E. histolytica and E. dispar. It is represented by Actin gene (Act). The results of the wet mount showed that in percentage of infection of both species (E.histolytica/E.dispar) the (54%) of patient symptom and (34.37%) patient a symptom.While results of the specificity and sensitivity showed that in positive sample wet mount negative PCR while negative sample wet mount showed that positive PCR and higher percentage of infection the Entamoeba dispar. While the results of the dPCR showed that in spite of the presence of both species Entamoeba pathogenic (Entamoeba histolytica) and non pathogenic Entamoeba (Entamoeba dispar) , the percentage of infection of Entamoeba histolytica was lower than that of Entamoeba dispar. This was clear by the detection of amplification the Reaction producets (dPCR) by using both genes : Actin &Ehcp5 where only 8 samples were detected and they were found to be positive amplification Ehcp5 and 31 samples were positive amplification in both groups of patients (symptomatic and a symptomatic). The percentage of infection in females was higher than that in males for all ages when using both tests (wet mount & PCR). More over the patients with less than (10) years old had higher percentage of infection in both sexes.In conclusion, it should not be depended on direct wet mount technique for the identification of infected parasite Entamoeba histolytica and differentiating it from Entamoeba dispar because of their high homology. That the molecular examination is the only method that is able to determine the kind of infection with parasite Entamoeba

مقارنة نسب الحمل للنساء اللواتي يعانين من توقف الطمث لاسباب ثانويه بعد استعمال ادوية المنشطه للحويصلات المبيضيه باستخدام التمنيه داخل الرحم والطريقه الطبيعيه للحمل == Comparison of Pregnancy Rate Between Intrauterine Insemination And Spontaneous Pregnancy After Ovulation Induction In Women With Secondary Amenorrhea

اسم المؤلف: سوسن كاظم عبد الامير
اسم المشرف: محمد باقر محمد رشاد فخر الدين
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة النهرين - المعهد العالي لتشخيص العقم والتقنيات المساعدة على الانجاب
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: انقطاع الطمث لاسباب ثانوية هو انعدام الدوره الشهريه لمدة ثلاثة الى ستة اشهر للنساء اللواتي لهن دوره شهريه منتظمة.واستنادا لمنظمة الصحة العالمية ان انقطاع الطمث يتضمن مجموعة (WHOI) و(WHOII) والتي تكون (30%) من حالات العقم.وتعاني اكثر النساء ممن يكونون من م | Secondary amenorrhea refers to the lack of cycle for three months in a row or for more than six months in a woman who has had regular menstrual periods before, and its associated with conditions classified as World Health Organization (WHO) group 1 and WHO group 2 and has been estimated to represent almost (30%) of all causes of infertility. In clinical practice, WHO group 2 subjects present much more frequently than WHO group 1 subjects and they appear to be much harder to treat successfully. Among women classified as WHO group 2, those diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) constitute the largest group (60 - 85% of cases). These women account for most cases with oligomenorrhea (90%) and represent about (30%) of those with amenorrhea.ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to find out the pregnancy rate following intrauterine insemination (IUI) in women complaining of secondary amenorrhea after induction of ovulation and compare it with those achieve pregnancy by natural way.Material and MethodsSeventy five females with secondary amenorrhea were involved in this study, there ages were ranged between (?30, 30 - 39, ?40) years old with infertility duration ranged between (?2, 3 - 4, 5 - 6, 7 - 8, ?9) years. History and medical examination were done for all women, with tubal patency assessment by HSG or laparoscopy.By cycle day two, hormonal assay (S.FSH, S.LH, S.E2, S.Prolactin and S.Testosterone) were done for all females in addition to ultrasonography to exclude any ovarian pathology.Ovulation induction program was applied for all females which include either clomiphene citrate (CC) alone, recombinant Follicular Stimulating Hormone (r - FSH) alone or combined CC and r - FSH. Vaginal ultrasonography was done for all females on day 12 or13 to assess ovarian response (size and number of mature follicles) and endometrial thickness. Meantime all male partners undergo seminal analysis to assess sperm parameters (sperm concentration, sperm motility and morphology).Thirty eight of females participated for natural pregnancy and thirty seven of females participate for IUI. Washing swim up technique was used for sperm activation for all male partner involved in IUI group.Follow up of all these females for pregnancy test to assess the pregnancy rate for both groups (natural and IUI).ResultsThe pregnancy rate achieved by natural way for a women with secondary amenorrhea is (23.7%), and (18.92%) by IUI way.In this study, it was found that female age, infertility duration, hormonal balance and ovulation induction program affect the pregnancy outcome where the young age group and short infertility duration correlate positively with pregnancy rate. Furthermore, early diagnosis of underlying causes of secondary amenorrhea to achieve hormonal balance by suitable ovulation induction program, have an effect on pregnancy rate, were combined CC and r - FSH produce a significant result among females achieve pregnancy by natural way (13.5%) compared with other ways. While ovulation induction by r - FSH drugs produce a significant results (13.5%) among females achieve pregnancy by IUI way.ConclusionFrom results of this study, it was concluded that young female age, short infertility duration, early diagnosis of underlying causes of secondary amenorrhea and the use of r - FSH drugs for ovulation induction produce a high significant pregnancy rate using IUI program.

اثر بعض المستخلصات النباتية في سمية مبيد الديازينون ضد يرقات وكاملات خنفساء الطحين الصدئية الحمراء Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) == The Effect of Some of Extracts of The Plants With Disinfectant Against The Larva And Pillars of Red Flour Beetles Tribolium Castaneum (Herbst)

اسم المؤلف: توركان احمد حمد حسن
اسم المشرف: برهان مصطفى محمد الدليمي | عواد شعبان داود الناصري
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2008
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اشتملت الدراسة الحالية على دراسة التاثير السمي للمستخلص الايثانولي والمائي لثلاثة نباتات وهي : الزعتر Thymus vugarisوالشيح Artemisia herba alba والنعناع البستاني mentha piperita اذ استخدمت مستخلصات الاوراق لكل نبات واختبرت سبعة تراكيز لكل مستخلص (10000,

انتاج انزيم السيليلز من عزلة محلية لبكتريا B167 Streptomyces sp. واستخدامه في انتاج الوقود الحيوي == Cellulase Production From Local Isolate of Streptomyces Sp.B167 And Its Application In Biofuel Production

اسم المؤلف: بنان محمود سليمان
اسم المشرف: ناظم حسن حيدر
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية العلوم - قسم التقانة الاحيائية
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى انتاج انزيم السليليز من بكتريا الستربتومايسس ودراسة تاثير بعض الظروف الزرعية على انتاج الانزيم; انتاج الوقود الحيوي من المخلفات السليلوزية من خلال التحلل المائي للمخلفات بالاحماض والانزيمات المايكروبية. تم غربلة 74 عزلة لبكتريا St | The current study was aimed to produce biofuel from cellulosic waste material degraded by local isolate Streptomyces. Seventy four isolates of Streptomyces were screened for cellulase production in solid and liquid media. The results showed higher capability of isolate Streptomyces sp. B 167 for cellulase production and bioconversion of cellulose. Therefore, it was selected for further studies. The results of optimization revealed that the cellulase enzyme productivity by the isolate Streptomyces sp. B 167 reached to 2.1 and 2.28 U/ml after 48 h of incubation time and pH 7 respectively. Cellulase productions in tested isolate improved (2.57 U/ml) by supplementation of cellulose liquid medium with 1 % of yeast extract as nitrogen source. Additives of carbon sources like (manitol, glucose, maltose, sucrose and starch) to the process of saccharification did not improve the cellulase productivity. The bioconversion of cellulosic waste to reducing sugar was maximum with Banana peels (77.78 %) followed by the rice husk (75.56 %), orange peels (71.11 %), corn steep peels (60.0 %) and lowest bioconversions (53.33 %) were recorded with sawdust. The degradation of cellulosic waste increased with increasing substrate concentration. Maximum cellulase productivity (3.18 U/ml) and bioconversion (86.1 %) was obtained at 3 % (w/v) of cellulosic waste (Banana peels). Saccharification of cellulosic waste with different treatment methods was studied. The pretreatment of cellulosic waste with 1 % HCl and H2SO4 produces 21 and 15.8 g of reducing sugar / 100 g of cellulosic waste. In comparison, hydrolysis with Streptomyces sp. B 167 enzymes resulted a significantly higher amount of reducing sugar yield (25 g / 100 g cellulosic waste). Further fermentation of cellulosic hydrolysates was performed using Saccharomyces cerevisiae using stationary fermentation condition. Maximum yield of ethanol were (0.30, 0.19 and 0.10 g ethanol / g glucose) observed with Streptomyces sp. B 167 enzymes, HCl and H2SO4 hydrolysates respectively after 48 h of fermentation

تاثير المستخلص الكحولي لاوراق نبات ذيل العقرب Heliotropium europium وفيتامينC في بعض الجوانب الفسلجية والكيموحيوية لذكور الجرذان المعرضة للكرب التاكسدي == Effect of Heliotropium Europium Leaves Alcoholic Extract And Vitamin C in Some Physiological And Biochemical Parameters of Male Rats Exposed To Oxidative Stress

اسم المؤلف: صفا احمد عبد القادر محمد دنيدل
اسم المشرف: صاحب جمعة عبد الرحمن | عويد هيدان الخزرجي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2012
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى معرفة تاثير المستخلص الكحولي لنبات ذيل العقرب Heliotropium europium في وزن الجسم وعدد من المتغيرات الفسلجية والكيموحيوية كتركيز الهيموكلوبينHaemoglobin (Hb) وحجم كريات الدم المرصوصةPacked cell volume (PCV) والعدد الكلي لخلايا الدم | The aim of the present study was to investigate some effects of the alcoholic extract of Heliotropium europium in body weight and some of physiological and biochemical parameter such as concentrations of Hemoglobin (Hb), Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and the total count of leukocytes (WBCs) and concentrations glutathione (GSH), Malondialdehyde (MDA), Peroxynitrite radical (ONOO - ) , Superoxide dismutase enzyme (SOD), glucose, Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High density lipoprotein (HDL - C), Low density lipoprotein (LDL - C), Very Low density lipoprotein (VLDL - C), Atherogenic indices levels, Total protein, Albumin, Globulin, Urea and Uric acid in serum and histological changes in liver of male rats that exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide H2O2(0.5%) with drinking water for (30) days, and comparison these effects with the effects of the vitamin C as well known antioxidants(250 mg/kg of body weight), for the purpose of this study preliminary experiments were carried out to find the most effective does of plant extracts and it was found that this does was (300 mg/ kg) body weight.The study included(35) male albino rats, (4 - 6) months ages and(245 - 280)gm weight were divided to (7) groups both group with (5) rats as follows : Control group, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) group, Heliotropium extract group, H2O2+ Heliotropium extract group, Heliotropium extract + vitamin C group, H2O2+ Vitamin C group, H2O2+extract of Heliotropium+ vitamin C group.The results showed : 1. The animal under oxidative stress by hydrogen peroxide caused a significant decrease (p? 0.05) in body weights and values of Hb , PCV, GSH, activity of SOD enzyme, HDL - C, total protein, albumin, globulin and compared with the control group. While it caused a significant increase in WBCs, MDA, ONOO. - , glucose, cholesterol, TG, LDL - C, VLDL - C, Atherogenic indices levels(I, II, III) and urea compared with the control group.2. The treatment of animals exposed to oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide with extract of Heliotropium europium showed significant increase in the weights of animals, Hb, PCV, GSH, activity of SOD enzyme, HDL - C, total protein, albumin and globulin compared with a hydrogen peroxide group. While this treatment showed significant decrease in WBCs, MDA, ONOO. - , glucose, cholesterol, TG, LDL - C, VLDL - C, Atherogenic indices levels (I, II, III), and urea when compared with a hydrogen peroxide group.3. Compared with a hydrogen peroxide treatment of rats exposed to oxidative stress by hydrogen peroxide with vitamin C, extract of plant and vitamin C with hydrogen peroxide group showed the results were similar to the results of treatment plant extract with hydrogen peroxide group.4. The treatment plant alcoholic extract and vitamin C showed a significant increase in the level GSH, MDA, activity of SOD enzyme, HDL - C, globulin compared with the control group. And showed a significant decrease in animal weights, WBCs, ONOO. - , LDL - C, VLDL - C and urea compared with a hydrogen peroxide group. While not shown significant differences in the values of Hb, PCV, glucose, cholesterol, TG, Atherogenic indices levels total protein and uric acid compared with the control group.5. The treatment alcoholic plant extract group showed increase in the weights of animals and values Hb, PCV, WBCs, GSH, MDA, Triglyceride, VLDL - C, Atherogenic indices levels, globulin and urea compared with the control group. Showed significant decrease in the HDL - C and albumin compared to the control group. while did not show significant difference in ONOO. - , activity SOD enzyme, glucose, cholesterol, total protein and uric acid compared the control group.6. The most important histological changes that have occurred in this study have showed treatment hydrogen peroxide compared with a control to swelling hepatocytes with necrosis each and the small size of the nuclei with swelling sinusoid, and the treatment of animals exposed to oxidative stress plant extract has showed a lack of clarity within the cells in hepatocytes necrosis and swelling sinusoid compared with a hydrogen peroxide while the treatment of animals exposed to oxidative stress with vitamin C showed sinusoid constriction and showed treatment alcoholic plant extract and vitamin C for the animals exposed to oxidative stress loss nucleus cells with the difficulty of distinguishing sinusoid.

تاثير مستخلص الثوم والرمان على الجرذان المصابة تجريبيا بطفيلي Cryptosporidium parvum ومقارنتها مع عقار Metranidazole == Effect Extract Allium Sativum And Punica Grantium On White Rat Expermental Infection Cryptosporidium Parvum And Comper With Metranidazole

اسم المؤلف: سرى رزاق خضير عبادة
اسم المشرف: نجم عبد الواحد عبد الخضر الجدوع
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية - الطفيليات
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
النص الكامل من المصدر: https://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%89-ilovepdf-compressed.pdf
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: جمعت عينات البراز من الاطفال في مستشفى النسائية والاطفال كذلك جمعت من العجول المصابة حيث اجري فحص العينات بصبغة الزيل نلسن ثم عزلت ونقيت الاكياس بطريقة التطويف بمحلول شيذر السكري وجرعت 2103xكيس بيض لكل جرذ بانبوبة التجريع الفموي وسجلت المدة قبل البائنة من | Collects stool samples from children in the women's and pediatric hospital. also collects all those from infected calves, where he conducts testing samples dye Zail Nelson then isolated and scrubbed bags manner floation solution Shidhir diabetes and gived rat 2 x103 bag eggs per rat tube dosage oral and recorded for the period before dowry of 3 - 5 days as recorded wounding 100%. The result is the appointment of the lethal dose of moderation LD50 of aqueous extracts of the garlic, peel the pomegranate after giving the rats doses graded by the mouth and the results indicate that the dose 7500 mg / kg of body weight is the lethal dose of aqueous extracts of garlic bulbs and dose limits of 5250 mg / kg is the lethal dose to peel pomegranate then tretment using cold aqueous extract to plant garlic. Allium satvuim L. peel and pomegranate Punica granantum L and drug Metronidazole (Flagyl) concentration of 250, 500, 750 mg / kg, the results shows the effectiveness of the current study, the aqueous extracts in the treatment of the parasites it turns out that the time required to kill the parasite suit inversely with the increasing concentration of extracts also show the efficiency of the aqueous extract of garlic bulbs and metronidazole concentration of 750 mg / kg in the treatment of 100% after 13 days of treatment with stops put bags of egg either concentration of 500 mg / kg of aqueous extracts garlic bulbs and metronidazole has shown the efficiency of treatment of by 100 % after 15 days of treatment showed, while the aqueous extract of pomegranate peel concentration 750 mg/kg therapeutic efficiency of 98.41% after 15 days of treatment, while the control group continued to launch until after the egg sacks (15) of treatment. The study shows histopathological section on the small intestine (duodenam, ileum, jejunum) Rats infection parasite get pathological changes represented by the crash of the villi of the small intestine and change epithelium from the vertical to the cube and the adhesion of some of the villi and gatherings of inflammatory cells in layer plate fitted, as well as for necrosis and desquamation of the cells lining the villi also destroyed gland and appeared egg sacks in the intestine result use 2x103 frome egg sacks also appeared effective abstract aqueous garlic in the intestinal tissue to restore its natural form after 15 day use concentration 750 mg/kg of aqueous extract of garlic bulbs and metronidazole while have taken normal sat to tissue treaement with aqueous pomegranate peel long than 15 day. test the effectiveness of aqueous extracts cold of garlic bulbs. Alluium sativum L. and peel pomegranate Punica granantum L in treatment parasite spores Cryptosporidum parvum and compared with the treatment of Metronidazole (Flagyl) in laboratory rats. Conducted on plant extracts cold of garlic and pomagranite the chemical tests have shown the presence of active substances of both alkaloids, carbohydrates, Flavonides, Alglycosidat, Alsaponyat, Alresins, phenolies

تاثير بعض العوامل البيئية والمايكروبايولوجية في تنقية مياه الشرب لمحطة المجمع السكني في قضاء الدور - محافظة صلاح الدين == Effect of Some Ecological And Microbiological Factors on Drinking Water Purification Plants in Al - Mugama Al - Sakany in Al - Dour City - Salahaldin

اسم المؤلف: فخر الدين نور الدين رشيد الخفاف
اسم المشرف: حميد سلمان خميس المهداوي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2009
الموضوع الدقيق: البيئة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • البيئة المائية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تضمنت الدراسة جمع عينات شهرية من مياه نهر دجلة ومحطة مياه الشرب العائدة للمجمع السكني في الدور اخذت العينات من خمس محطات مختارة ابتداء من شهر تشرين الثاني 2007 ولغاية شهر تشرين الاول 2008 لغرض دراسة بعض العوامل الكيمياوية والفيزياوية والبايولوجية السائدة | This study was included collecting of monthly water samples from Tigris river and water purification plant in AL - Mugama AL - Sakany in AL - Dour, These samples were collected from five chosen locations, started from November 2007 until October 2008, To Study The dominance of some chemical, physical and Biological factors Through the year its effects on water purification plants in AL - Mugama AL - Sakany in AL - Dour. These factors included air and water temperature, Turbidity, Electrical conductivity, pH, dissolved Oxygen, BOD, Total alkalinity, Total hardness, Calcium and Magnesium hardness , Chloride reactive nitrite, nitrate phosphate and salinity as well as some Biological factors such as Total number of bacteria and diatoms during the study period. The results of this study shown that there was a seasonal variation in some chemical and physical factors. where the value of air temperature ranged between (3.5 - 40) C and water temperature ranged between (3.4 - 32.5) C.Turbidity value ranged from (2.2 - 22.94) NTU while electrical conductivity ranged between (320 - 590) µs / cm. The results also showed that the water in Tigris river was alkaline, where the pH value ranged between (7.08 - 7.98). and aeration. The avarices value of dissolved oxygen ranged between (3.5 - 10.2) mg/L and The BOD value never increase to critical value, its ranged between (1.58 - 2.37) mg /L salinity ranged between (0.110 - 0.305) mg/L while chloride concentration ranged between (21.78 - 23.82) mg / L. It has been found that total hardness ranged between (170 - 370) mg/L while total alkalinity for the five station ranged between (124.1 - 137.8) mg No2/ L while Micronutrients ranged from (0.388 - 0.449) mg / L and the value of nitrate ranged between (ND - 0. 598) mg No2/ L and (0. 65 - 122) mg Po4 / L. In General where we compare the monthly average for physical and chemical variation for Tigris water with standard world limits applied for grouping of surface water, we can consider the quality of Tigris water is good and suitable for uses as a source for drinking water by using traditional purification of water.While the results of study of Biological factors showed that the total number of bacteria for Tigris water was modularity clear and unsafe for drinking with out treatment include sterilization. High number of bacteria was found in station (1) during February 2008 when it reached (284) cell / ml and the lowest average recorded in station (5) at December 2007 when its reached (50) cell/ml. This study also shown that high number of diatoms were recorded in station (1) when its reached (46860) cell/L at December 2007 and the lowest number recorded in station (5) when it reached (236) cell / L at November 2007. It has been identifies (11) genus and sp. of diatom in this stations and there were :

تحديد مقاومة بعض الجراثيم المعزولة من اخماج في مستشفى تكريت التعليمي للمضادات الحيوية وعلاقتها بالبلازميدات == Determination The Antibiotic Resistance of The Some Isolated Bacteria From Tikrit Teaching Hospital Infections And Their Relationship With Plasmids

اسم المؤلف: شيماء عبد محمد علي
اسم المشرف: وعد محمود رؤوف | خالد عمر محمد علي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2010
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: جمعت (140) عينة من المرضى الراقدين لثلاثة ايام فاكثر في مستشفى تكريت التعليمي للمدة من 1 - 8 - 2009 ولغاية 1 - 12 - 2009 بهدف تحديد العزلات الجرثومية الاكثر شيوعا ضمن اخماج مستشفى تكريت التعليمي ومقاومة هذه العزلات للمضادات الحيوية ودراسة العلاقة بين مقاو | One hundred fourti samples were collected from hospitalized patients for three days or more in the Tikrit Teaching Hospital during the period from 1/8/2009 until 1/12/2009 to determine the most commonly isolated bacterial from nosocomial infections in Tikrit Teaching Hospital and their resistance to antibiotics and to study the relationship between antibiotics resistance and plasmid content in the most commonly isolated bacteria and to evaluate the prevalence of these plasmids in the hospital environment. These samples include : (75) Urine, (28) stool, (28) of wound swabs and (9) sputum samples.The incidence of nosocomial infection was (45.7%) of them, urinary tract infections were (50.7%) from (75) samples, followed by wound infections (42.9%) from (28) samples, gastrointestinal infections (39.3%) from (28) samples then pneumonia (33.3%) from (9) samples the nosocomial infections were more common in females and age group 51 - 89 years. Different bacterial species were isolated in this study and the results showed that the most commonly isolated type was Citrobacter koseri in a proporation (21%) of urinary tract infections, followed by the following bacterial species : Escherichia coli (15.7%), Staphylococcus schleiferi (10.5%) , Staphylococcus epidermidis (7, 8%), Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus saprophytica, Klebsiella ozaenae, Klebsiella ornithindytica in aproportion (5.2%) for each, Enterobacter aerogenes, Providencia stuartii, Staphylococcus warneri, Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus mirabilis in aproportion (2.6%) for each.Citro. koseri were also the most common in wound infections (25%), followed by the following bacterial species : E.coli (16.6%), P.mirabilis (16.6%), Staph.schleiferi, P.vulgaris, Prov.stuartii and Prov.rettgeri in aproportion (8.3%) for each. Citro.koseri were also the most common in the gastrointestinal tract infections in a proporation (36.3%), followed by E.coli (18.1%), S.flexneri (18.1%), P.mirabilisc, Prov.stuartii, Prov.alcalifaciens in a proporation (9%) for each. . While Strept.pneumoniae was the most common(66.7%) in penemonia cases followed by K.pneumoniae (33.3%).The isolated bacteria were tested for antibiotics susceptibility and it has been found that most of these isolates showed high resistance to the studied antibiotics other than Prov. Stuartti was sensitive to all antibiotics except of Rifampicin and Tetracycline. As well as bacterial species belonging to the genus Staphylococcus were sensitive to Amikacin, Staph.aureus was also sensitive to Nitrofurantoin while Staph.warneri was also sensitive to Ciprofloxacin and Nitrofurantoin also Enterobacter aerogenes was resistant to all antibiotics except for Ciprofloxacin and Nitrofuratoin. Eleven of most commonly isolated bacteria which were multidrug resistant were chosen for the curing experiments using SDS to study the relationship of their plasmids with resistant to antibiotics. The results showed that the cured cells of E.coli lost their resistance to Tetracycline Ciprofloxacin and Cefotaxime which Citro.koseri lost their resistance to Tetracycline while K. ornithinolytica lost resistance to both antibiotics Tetracycline and Ciprofloxacin either P.mirabilis lost resistance only to tetracyclin as well as Strept.pneumoniae lost their resistance to Cefotaxime, tracycline and Ampicillin. Which may mean that the genes responsible for resistance to these antibiotics are located on plasmids as proven by the results of electrophoresis.Electrophoresis results also showed that all studied bacterial isolates had the same plasmid profile which may regarded as an epidemiological pointer that plasmids are conjugative which have the ability to transfer antibiotic resistance to other bacterial strains of the same species or to other different bacterial species.

تقييم بعض المؤشرات المـناعية للتفاعلات الالتهابيـة المتـرافقـة مـع الاصابة بطفيلي الاكياس المائية == Evaluation of Some Immunological Parameters Associated With Echinococcus Grunulosus Infection

اسم المؤلف: حارث برع حسن علي الاوسي
اسم المشرف: نغم ياسين كاظم البياتي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: علوم الحياة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت الدراسة الحالية في محافظة ديالى وشملت الدراسة 184 عينة من الاشخاص الاكثر تعرضا للاصابة بمرض الاكياس المائية. وبعد الكشف تبين ان 16 منهم تاكدت اصابتهم بالاكياس المائية في كل من الكبد والرئتين (12, 4 مريضا على التوالي) وقد تم تسجيل بعض المعلومات من كل | The present study was carried out in Diyala province, and included 184 samples at risk of infection with hydatid cysts. The diagnosis obtained that there were 16 infectied individual with hydatid cysts in liver and lung (12, 4 patients, respectively). Some information were recorded for each individuals. The study included 24 healthy individuals as control. Immunological test was carried out for each group. The results obtained that the rate of infection was higher in female (4.9%) compared with male (3.8%). The highest rate of infection was in 31 - 40 and 41 - 50 age groups and there was no significant difference among age groups. According to occupation there was no significant difference and the student shepherds were not infected with hydatid cyst. When investigation of risk factor, the result showed that (3.26%) of infected individuals were contact with animals while those who eat vegetables were higher (5.43%). The liver was the first infected organ according to distribution of infection in body follow by lung with 75% and 25% respectively and there was no significant difference. According to cytokines, IL - 4, IL - 17A, MIP - 1?, IP - 10, the study were higher in infected individuals compared with non infected and there was significant difference at 0.001 p.value. There was no significant difference in means of IL - 4 and MIP - 1? in both sexes but there was significant difference in IL - 17A and IP - 10 between males and females. The study showed that there was significant difference in IL - 4 according to location of infection and it was higher in lung compared with liver. No significant difference in IL - 17A, MIP - 1?, IP - 10 was shown according to location of infection

التحديد الجزيئي لبعض عوامل الضراوة في بكتريا Klebsiella spp المعزولة من مصادر سريرية مختلفة == Molecular Identification of Some Virulence Factors In The Bacterium Klebsiella Spp Isolated From Different Clinical Sources

اسم المؤلف: فرقد حسن فليح
اسم المشرف: بهيجة عبيس حمود الخالدي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الاحياء المجهرية
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة القادسية - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: القادسية
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: جمعت (150) عينة من المرضى المراجعين والراقدين في مستشفى الديوانية التعليمي والذين يعانون من اصابات مختلفة وللفترة من 1/كانون الاول/2013 ولغاية 1/نيسان /2014 وتضمنت هذه العينات ماياتي : (50) عينة حروق وجروح، (50) عينة ادرار و(50)عينة قشع من المرضى المراجعين | One hundred fifty samples were collected from patients admitted in Al - Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital and suffering from various injuries and for the period from 1 / December / 2013 and up to 1 / April / 2014 these samples in clude : (50) sample burns and wounds, (50) urine and (50) sputum.The results showed that 90 samples (60%) of the total number gave is positive result for the growth.the bacterial isolates were distributed among 35 samples (70%) of burns and wounds, (33) the sample (66%) from urine and (22) sample (44%) from sputum After biochemical and cultural test found that 99 isolate belonging to Different Genus and species of bacteria these isolates include 40 isolate (44.44%) bound and wound isolates Staphylococcus sp was the predoniant in these samples by rate (42.5%), 36 isolate(40%) E.coli was most isolate by rate 50% in urine sample and 23 (25.5%) Klebsiella pneumonia was the most common isolate by rate (78.26%) in these putum.. Sensitivity test results of antibiotics showed that most of the isolates have high resistance against antibiotics used in the study and the most isolates possess multiple resistance (Cross resistance) as shown resistance to most of antibiotics that used in these study. All asolates (% 100) were resistant to nitrofurantin and Tetracycline while(95%)is resistant to ampiciline (90%) of isolate were resistant to thired generation of cephalosporins (ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime) and (%80) of isolate wereresistant to gentamicin and impeneme, finely (%80)of isolate were resistant to azetroname..The results of the molecular detection of genes uge and mag A gene in Klebsiella sp in the 16 (50%) of the isolates had mag A as the 8 (44.44%) of the isolates bacteria K.pneumonia carrier of mag A and 8 isolates of type K.oxytoca had of the gene above the gene uge was his appearance in the proportion of isolates (46.87%) as it appeared in 9 (50%) of the isolates K.pneumonia and 6 isolates (42.87%) of the isolates k.oxytoca..There were relationship between resistance of bacteria to antibiotics and possession of these genes

تقييم التعبير الجيني للجين UGT1A1 لدى حديثي الولادة المصابين باليرقان == Assessment of UGT1A1 Gene Expression In Hyperbilirubinemic Neonates

اسم المؤلف: حسين حميد حسن
اسم المشرف: ظافرة جعفر عبد علي الفتلاوي | صباح نعمة محمد الفتلاوي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الوراثة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية التربية للبنات - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: استخدمت في هذه الدراسة 125 عينة من حديثي الولادة لتقييم التعبير الجيني لل UGT1A1 والكشف عن المتغاير UGT1A1*28. استخدمت 85 عينة منها في تقييم التعبير الجيني لل UGT1A1, بينما استخدمت ال 40 عينة المتبقية للكشف عن المتغاير UGT1A1*28. اجريت الدراسة الحالية في | A cohort of 125 neonates enrolled in the present study 85 of which subjected to the UGT1A1 expression analysis and forty (40) independent subjects examined for UGT1A1*28 variant. The project was performed in the laboratory of molecular genetics in the collage of education for women, TSB, UCB, BG and ELISA were performed in ATHOP, Assader teaching hospital and Annajaf private laboratory in the period from may to October 2013. Analysis of the UGT1A1 gene expression showed considerable decrease in UGT1A1 expression with relative risk 1.46. Analysis of regression of UGT1A1 mean against severity showed significant inverse correlation between severity of NH and mean UGT1A1 level (r = - 0.99, p = 0.03). Results showed that UGT1A1 expression in males significantly lower than females. Analysis of UGT1A1*28 showed that 80% of the hyperbilirubinemic neonates were positive while 20% were UGT1A1*28 negative. Concluding that there are a considerable proportion of neonates in our community not expressing UGT1A1 enzyme; therefore, they are a risk group for kernicterus. And must be registered and followed up because they are at risk of carcinogenicity, therefore, irinotecan (an anti cancer drug) and similar compounds toxicity. Expression of UGT1A1gene is higher in female than in male neonates, while neonatal jaundice is less severe in female than in male neonates. Eighty percent of jaundiced neonates are UGT1A1*28 mutants. Defective UGT1A1 is the main underlying cause of NJ in our community.

التحري عن عدد من المعادن الثقيلة والتلوث البكتيري في بعض الخضروات المعلبة والطازجة المستوردة في مدينة بغداد == Determination of Several Heavy Metals And Bacterial Contamination In Some Imported Canned And Fresh Vegetables In Baghdad

اسم المؤلف: حسين خالد نعمان
اسم المشرف: ايثار كامل الميالي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: البيئة - التلوث البيئي
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تم اخذ ستة وثلاثين عينة من الخضروات المعلبة وخمس عينات من الخضروات الطازجة, وتجميعها من مناطق واسواق مختلفة من مدينة بغداد بشكل عشوائي خلال الفترة من شهر تشرين الاول 2013 الى شهر نيسان, 2014 حيث تضمنت الدراسة التحري عن تراكير بعض العناصر الثقيلة وهي (الرص | In this study, thirty six samples of canned vegetables and five samples of fresh vegetables were collected randomly from different markets of Baghdad city from October 2013 till April 2014. The study included determining of the concentration of some heavy metals (lead, nickel, zinc and iron) by atomic absorption spectrophotometery and the bacterial contamination in samples, also comparing the canned vegetables with fresh vegetables. It was found that the higher concentrations of heavy metals in canned vegetables as the following : lead 1.179 µg/g in olive, nickel 0.908 µg/g in olive, zinc 10.143 µg/g green pea and iron 90.601µg/g in white asparagus. The lowest concentrations were as the following : lead 0.002 µg/g in green asparagus, nickel 0.019 µg/g in mushroom, zinc 0.528 µg/g in white asparagus and iron 4.061 µg/g in green pea. In fresh vegetables, it was found that the highest concentrations of heavy metals were as follows : lead 0.919 µg/g in green pea, nickel 1.108 µg/g in green pea, zinc 4.304 µg/g in mushroom and iron 43.618 µg/g in tomato. The lowest concentrations were as the following : lead recorded 0.011 µg/g in tomato, nickel recorded 0.022 µg/g in tomato, zinc 0.876 µg/g in green pea and iron recorded 11.081 µg/g in green pea. The identification of the bacteria done by some identification tests for gram negative bacteria, the testes include growth on MacConkey agar, growth on EMB agar, IMViC testes and motility test. The identification tests for Gram positive bacteria included growth on manitol salt agar, growth on staph 110 agar and motility test. The bacterial tests ensured that there is no bacterial growth was detected in the canned vegetables, except some samples (white asparagus, green asparagus and mushroom) of December 2013, while it was detected in fresh vegetables. The bacterial species that isolated in these samples were E.coli, Klebsiela pneumoniae, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus.

التغيرات النسيجية في المشايم والاجنة نتيجة الاصابة بداء المقوسات في النساء المفحوصات بقياس الIgG == Placental And Fetal Tissue Structural Changes Resulting From Congenital Toxoplasmosis In Women Diagnosed By IgG

اسم المؤلف: حلا ياسين كاظم
اسم المشرف: طالب جواد كاظم | نغم ياسين البياتي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2014
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان - الانسجة
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: طفيلي المقوس الكونديToxoplasma gondii هو طفيلي ابتدائي اجباري داخل الخلايا ذات النواة. له القابلية على اصابة جميع حيوانات الدم الحار ويعد هذا طفيلي ذو اهمية صحية نظرا لما له من تاثيرات مرضية. لقد اجريت عدة دراسات بينت التغيرات النسيجية التي اثرت على انسجة | Toxoplasma gondii is an a zoonotic, obligate intracellular protozoan parasite that has the capacity to infect all warm - blooded animals. Many studies done to present the histological changes of the placental and fetal tissue and organs that resulted by Toxoplasmosis infection of pregnant women and about identification of infected fetal organs, but a lot of these studies were done experimentally on laboratory animals, accordingly the present study aims to study the structural changes of the placenta and fetal tissue and to identify the fetal organs in which the organism localized that taken from aborted fetus and embryos from pregnant woman that diagnosed as infected with Toxoplasma gondii. The present study was carried out during the period December 2012 to March 2013. Eighty women who had abortion chosen randomly from that which were revised gynecology theater in hospitals in Baquba city. Their age were ranged between 16 - 45 years, (10) fetuses and (33) samples of them non - infected as control group (c) and (37) samples were infected with Toxoplasmosis (I). The study included serological examination for mothers and Macropathlogical (Gross) , histopatholgical examination and Immunohistochimcal (IHC) stain of the placenta and fetal organs. Toxoplasmosis diagnosed serologically by ELISA (Enzyme Linked immune Sorrbant Assay) test. Immuno - histological techniques are used to detect the antigen and determination of their morphological localization in fetal and placental tissue. Formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissues (placenta and specimens of organs from aborted fetus) used to determined the antigen (Toxoplasma gondii) to detect the histological changes in these tissues. The ordinary histopathlogical changes of the tissue taken from aborted fetus showed different infiltration inflammatory cell and necrosis changes in brain, liver, lung, upper and lower limbs, kidney and spleen that may be due to infection of the parasite and not all infected organs localized the parasite (Tachyzoites). The results of the study showed that (46.26%) of the randomly selected mothers among that revised to the delivery theaters and had abortion. The fetal tissue and organs of the age (8 - 24) weeks gave positive (+) result for IHC in fetuses(brain and lung) and tachyzoites was detected in that organs, but fetus tissue of the age (4 - 8) weeks was negative for that test. Macropathlogical study of the placenta showed that the weight of the infected placenta was less than the normal ranges. and calcification was not significant in the infected placenta(45.7%) compared with non infected samples (4.28%). Infarction observed high significant in infected group was 25 (35.71%) compared with control group (2.85%) (p=0.001).Necrotic foci also seen as (40%) in infected group compared with control group (14.28%), differences between the two groups was statistically significant (p=0.001). Also congestion observed high significant (p=0.001) and the congestion was seen in (45.71) in infected group and (5.71%) in control group. Histopathlogical examination for placenta showed hemorrhage, necrosis, fibroniod necrosis and degeneration in trophoblastic cell, in both first and second trimester of pregnancy. Villous vascularity observed decreased as (32.85%) in infected group compared with control group (2.85%). Fibronoid necrosis in villi showed high percentage in villi which have > 3 that observed in infected group as (72.9%) compared with control (12.12%). An increased in villous stromal fibrosis was seen in (70.27%) placenta in infected group compared with control group which was (24.24%)

تاثير الاصابات المجهرية المهبلية وبعض الهرمونات على الاصابة بالمشعرات المهبلية عند النساء في بعقوبة - محافظة ديالى == Effect of Microbial Vaginal Infections And Some Hormones On Trichomonas Vaginalis Infection In Women In Baquba - Diyala Province

اسم المؤلف: حنان رحيم حسوني الخشالي
اسم المشرف: نغم ياسين كاظم البياتي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2015
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الصرفة - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ديالى
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: : توجد هناك عدة عوامل تلعب دور مهم في زيادة الاصابة بطفيلي المشعرات المهبلية وهذه العوامل تتضمن : اختلال مســـــتوى الهرمونات الجنســـــية, تغير الرقم الهيدروجيني للمهبل, بعض انواع الاصابات البكتيرية.الهدف من الدراسة : اولا : تحديد نسب وانواع الاصابات ال | Introduction : It have been founded that many factors play important roles in the increase incidence of infection with Trichomonas vaginalis these factors includes : disturbances in sex hormones level, change in pH of vagina and some types of bacterial infections.Aims : First : To determine the rates and types of Microbial vaginal infections that infected women in Baquba - Diyala province.Second : study of the relationship between the Trichomonas vaginalis and other microorganisms.Third : study the relationship between the Trichomonas vaginalis and the levels of some sex hormones.Patient and Methods : This study was carried out on 227 patients attended either Al - Batol Teaching Hospital for Maternity and Children in Baquba - Diyala, or some private clinic in Baquba city, most of these patient giving symptoms of vaginitis as a patient group, in addition to 10 healthy women as a control group.Patients group included married, widows and divorcees women with age range between (18 - 45) years, and at different educational level.Full clinical evaluation was done for those patient including history and physical examination. This evaluation revealed that 209 of patients (92%) had vaginal discharge, irritation and itching. Reguested blood samples were taken for laboratory test included estradiol, progesterone and testosterone. The level of these sex hormones in women with Trichomoniasis have been determined and compared with levels of these hormones in control group.In addition high vaginal swab were taken for microbiological tests. and used for diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis and other associated microorganisms, the rate of parasitic infection had been determined and it's relation with age group, marital status, level of education and level of vaginal acidity had been estimated. Moreover, the percentage of cases, with pus cells, epithelial cells, red blood cells and clue cells have been estimated. Results : the results of laboratory tests elicited the presence of Trichomonas vaginalis (6.3%). And in addition to it there is bacterial and fungal vaginal infection and the percentages were (54%) and (15%), respectively. Moreover, the results showed the presence of dual infections between the parasite and bacteria, the parasite and fungi, and bacteria and fungi and there percentages were (11.8 %), (8 %) and (4.9 %), respectively.Regarding age group, results showed that the highest parasite infection rate was among women in the age group (26 - 35 years) which was (41.1%), in compare with infection rate in others age group (18 - 25 years) and (36 - 45 years) which were (9.3 %) and (18 %), respectively. Regarding, the marited status, the highest infection rate was founded among married women in comparison with widows, divorcees women, and the percentages were (31.7 %), (6.8 %) and (14.7 %), respectively. Regarding, the educational level, the results showed highest rate of infection with Trichomonas vaginalis was among women with low educational level which was (11.8%) in compared with those with intermediate (7.9%), secondary (4.8%), and tertiary education (1.3%). Regarding, the pH of the vagina, results showed that the rate of vaginal infection were high when pH of vagina > 4.5 in comparison with the lowpH ? 4.5 and the percentages were (83.7%) and (16.3%), respectively. The results of direct smear and cultures showed that (25.9 %) of case (59 patient) were infected with Trichomonas vaginalis, (31.7%) of case infected with E.coli, (27.7%) of case infected with candida albicans, (21.1%) infected with Gardnerella vaginalis, (17.6%) percentages of Lactobacillus spp. (8.3%) percentages of Staphylococcus epidermidas (5.2%) in fected with S. aureus, (3.5%) infected with Enterobacter spp., (2.6%) infected with Proteus spp., (2.2%) infected with Klebsiella spp., (1.7%) infected with Acentobacter spp. and Streptococcus spp., (1.3%) infected with Pseudomonas spp., While the lowest rate was for Neisseria gonorrheae (0.8%). Also results showed that the highest percentage of dual infection with trichomoniasis it was in Gardnerella vaginalis which detected in 22 case (37.2%), followed by Candida albicans, which detected in 18 case (30.5%). While the lowest rate was with Neisseria gonorrheae which detected in one case (1.6%). The other laboratory tests including hormonal estimation in patients with trichomoniasis, the results of current study showed decrease level of estradiol hormone in women infected during follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle, In follicular phase the mean of estradiol was (6.83 pg/ml) in comparison with control group that hormone rate was (42.61 pg/ml). In luteal phase the mean of estradiol was (27.00 pg/ml) comparison with control group which hormone rate was (87.16 pg/ml). In addition to that the level of progesterone have increased in follicular phase but decreased in luteal phase in comparison with control group. In follicular phase the mean of progesterone was (5.89 ng/ml) in com - parison with control group which hormone rate was (0.72 ng/ml). In luteal phase the mean of progesterone in infected women was (0.56 ng/ml) comparison with control group in which hormone rate was (19.83 ng/ml).Regarding, the level of testosterone, the results showed that the level had been increased during the follicular and luteal phases in infected women compared with control group. In follicular phase the mean of testosterone was (3.44 ng/ml) in comparison with control group which the mean was (0.24 ng/ml). In luteal phase the mean of testosterone was (3.65 ng/ml) in comparison with control group in which the mean was (0.30 ng/ml).Conclusion : The presence of infection with Trichomonas vaginalis, and it's associated with other microorganisms that are detected in the current study and other study previous may indicated a correlation between them. So those patient, constantly in need for a panel of laboratory test including : vaginal pH, and hormonal estimation as these factors may play a role in diagnosis and follow - up of the patients.

تاثير دوالي الخصيتين في معالم المني وسلامة الحامض النووي الـDNA == Effect of Varicocele In Semen Quality And Nucleic Acid DNA Integrity

اسم المؤلف: حيدر لطيف فرحان المساعد
اسم المشرف: صاحب يحيى حسن المرشدي | عبد الزهرة كاظم محمد علي
الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة
السنة: 2013
الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة الكوفة - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: شملت هذه الدراسة فحص 150 عينة من السائل المنوي لمرضى القيلة الدوالية Varicocele والاشخاص الخصبين بعد مدة امتناع قدرها 3 - 5 ايام حيث جمعت العينات في مختبرات مركز الخصوبة / مدينة الصدر الطبية / محافظة النجف الاشرف من 1 / 10 /2012 الى 30/ 4 /2013, لقلة الدر | This study was included 150 samples of semen for varicocele and fertile persons. The samples were collected after 3 - 5 day abstinence period at fertility center Laboratories / ALsader Medical city in An Najaf province.For the period from 1/10/2012 to 30/4/2013.Because the studies about varicocele are rare, the present studies aimed to know the impact of varicocele on semen and sperm parameter, sperm quality index, Malondialdehyde concentration and the percentage of sperm DNA integrity.So, this study was aimed at investigation wethere the Varicocelectomy in varicocele patients could positively influence studied parameters.The research was involved examining 83 sample of seminal fluid for varicocele patient. The percentage of varicocele grades were examined and the results were represented 40% grade1, 39% grade2 and 21% grade3.The result were showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in sperm concentration , progressively motile sperm, normal sperm morphology percent and sperm viability percent for varicocele patient compared with the fertile persons, while there was noticed a significant increase (P<0.05) in Round cells concentration snd liquefaction time for varicocele patient compared to fertile person and the result of this study were showed significant decrease (P<0.05) of sperm quality index and sperm DNA integrity for varicocele patient compared to fertile persons (control).The study noted to the significant increase (P<0.05) of malondialdehyde concentration for varicocele patients compared to fertile persons. The coefficient factor was used to investigate the correlation between malondialdehyde concentration and the studies parameter.there was increase correlation (P<0.05) between malondialdehyde concentration and sperm concentration(r= - 0.86 P<0.05) progressively motile sperm (r= - 0.938), normal sperm morphology percent (r= - 0.90 P<0.05), sperm viability percent (r = - 0.846 P<0.05) and sperm quality index (r = - 0.836 P<0.05), while there was (P<0.05) positive correlation between malondialdehyde concentration and semen volume (r=+0.822 P<0.05), liquefaction time (r = +0.828 P<0.05) and round cells correlation (r= + 0.89 P<0.05).Also the coefficient was used to study the correlation between sperm DNA integrity and other study parameter. The results of this study were showed positive correlation between the percentage of DNA integrity and sperm concentration (r= +0.88 P<0.05), progressively motile sperm (r=+0.78P<0.05), normal sperm morphology (r= +0.86 P<0.05), sperm viability percentage (r=+0.87 P<0.05) and sperm quality index (r= +0.81 P<0.05), while it was noticed in used correlation between sperm DNA integrity and malondialdehyde concentration (r= - 0.681 P<0.05), semen volume (r= - 0.67 P<0.05), liquefaction time (r= - 0.65 P<0.05) and round cells (r= - 0.54 P<0.05). The effect of varicocele grading on sperm and semen parameter, sperm quality index, malondialdehyde concentration and percentage of sperm DNA integrity was studied, the result were showed a significant decrease (P<0.05)of sperm concentration, progressively motile sperm, sperm viability and normal sperm morphology percentage, and a significant increase (P<0.05) of liquefaction time and Round cells concentration for varicocele patients grad1, grade2 and grade3 compared with the fertile persons. and when we are compare between varicocele patient according to type of grade the results were show a significant decrease (P<0.05) of sperm concentration, progressively motile sperm and normal sperm morphology percentage and a significant increase (P<0.05) of liquefaction time for varicocele patients grade2 and grade3 compared to grade1 varicocele patient.So the result showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) of sperm concentration for grade3 varicocele patients compared with the grade2 varicocele patients. The result of this study were showed a significant decrease (P<0.05) in sperm quality index and sperm DNA integrity for grad1, grade2 and grade3 varicocele patients compared to fertile persons. also it was noticed a significant decrease (P<0.05) of sperm quality index and sperm DNA integrity for grade2 and grade3 varicocele patients compared to grade1 varicocele patients but the malondialdehyde concentration according to varicocele grade, the result were showed a significant increase (P<0.05) of malondialdehyde concentration for grade2 and grade3 varicocele patients compared to grade1 varicocele patients and fertile persons. In this study the effect of Varicocelectomy on study parameters was studied and the result were showed a significant increase (P<0.05) of sperm concentration, progressively motile sperm, sperm viability percentage, normal sperm morphology, percent, sperm quality index and sperm DNA integrity and a significant decrease (P<0.05) of liquefaction time and malondialdehyde concentration for Varicocelectomy compared to varicocele patients. The result were showed a significant decrease (P<0.05)of sperm viability percent, normal sperm morphology percent, sperm DNA integrity and sperm quality index and a significant increase (P<0.05) in round cells concentration, liquefaction time and malondialdehyde concentration for Varicocelectomy patients compared to fertile persons.From the result of present study, we are concluded that varicocele has been negatively impact on sperm and semen parameters, malondialdehyde concentration and sperm DNA integrity, and the effect of varicocele is associated with the increasing of varicocele grading, while Varicocelectomy has been positive impact on sperm and semen parameters, malondialdehyde concentration and sperm DNA integrity but this result have not reached to similar state to fertile persons
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