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دراسة بعض الصفات الفيزيائية والكيميائية والحياتية لمياه نهر دجلة ضمن مدينة تكريت == Study of Some Physical, Chemical And Biological Properties on Tigris River in Tikrit City

اسم المؤلف: بشار طارق اسماعيل هلال الشنداح

اسم المشرف: رياض عباس عبد الجبار

الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة

السنة: 2008

الموضوع الدقيق: النبات

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: تهدف الدراسة الحالية للتعرف على بعض الجوانب الفيزيائية والكيميائية والحياتية لمياه نهر دجلة ضمن مدينة تكريت ولمياه المخلفات السكنية في محطة المعالجة.جمعت العينات لمدة سبعة اشهر اعتبارا من شهر تشرين الثاني 2006 وحتى نهاية شهر ايار 2007 وبمعدل مرتين شهريا | The present study aimed to find out some physical, chemical and biological aspects of Tigris river passed in Tikrit - city, and population residence in the treatment unit.Samples were collected over the period of seven months during November 2006 to the end of May 2007 biweekly. Four stations were selected for sample collections over the distance of 25 km. Two stations were in Tigris river and two were in the treatment unit. The first selected station was close to the old water purification unit in Tikrit - city. The second station was selected at the treatment unit in AL - Dubaee before the mechanical treatment unit. The third station was selected at the treatment unit after the biological treatment. The fourth station was selected in Tigris river about ten km south of the treatment unit at AL - Dijla town. The study involved an investigation of some physical, chemical and biological aspects of Tigris river and the residence waste discharges to the river. This included air and water temperature, conductivity, PH, dissolved oxygen, BOD, Turbidity, total hardness, calcium and magnesium hardness, chloride, total alkalinity, nutrients (i.e., phosphate, nitrite, silica) , and the concentrations of heavy metals (i.e., cadmium and cupper). The biological factor included the total bacteria counts cultured on nutrient agar. Results of the study clarify the close relation between air and water temperature which varied (8.5 - 36) C0 and (9 - 27) C0 respectively. Conductivity values were relatively high and ranged (128 - 3530) microsemens/cm. River water almost was alkaline during the period of the study. PH values of the first and fourth stations were close in the river, although a value of 6.12 was recovered at station on during May. In all stations, PH values ranged (8.8 - 6.12). River water has a good ventilation, dissolved oxygen values ranges (8 - 11) mg/L at the first and the fourth stations, while these values were (0.1 - 1.34) mg/L at the second and third stations. Mean dissolved oxygen values pointed out the availability of good oxygen concentration for the continuity of living organisms which ranged (0.3 - 5.8) mg/L in Tigris river, while BOD values at the stations second and third were high and ranged (5.6 - 131.2) mg/L. Turbidity was high during April at the stations one and four and ranged (2.03 - 788) NTU in all stations. Total hardness in Tigris river was slightly low - very hardness and ranged (120 - 360) mg/L at the first and fourth stations, while these values were (180 - 480) mg/L at stations two and three.The high total hardness values coincided with the high conductivity values. Concentrations of calcium ions responsible on the calcium hardness ranged (211.4 - 120.7) mg/ L was higher than magnesium ions responsible for magnesium hardness range (5 - 265) mg/L.Records of chloride ions ranged (14.16 - 169.99) mg/L at all stations. However, chloride values at stations first and fourth were among the allowed world values and ranged (14.16 - 42.48) mg/L.Alkalinity values were due to the carbonate and bicarbonate and ranged (35 - 725) mg/L.phosphate values ranged (0.168 - 25.2) µg phosphor atom - phosphate/L. Low nutrient values recorded in Tigris river, while the highest values recorded at second station (treatment unit).Nitrite values fluctuated at all stations and ranged (0.078 - 14.778) µg Nitrogen atom - Nitrite /L. Silica values ranged (648 - 5961.6) µg silicon atom - silica /L. Heavy metals values (Cadmium and Cupper) clarify that, Cadmium were (un sensible), except one value (0.008) mg/L that recorded at November, and un sensible for Cupper.Results of the statistical analyses of all involved factors showed significant differences at stations first and second, and between the first and third stations as well as the fourth station. While there was no significant differences between the second and fourth stations. And no significant differences between stations first and fourth.Total bacterial counts indicated high bacterial counts, and the average of total bacterial count ranged (2.605X105, 5.44X108, 2.265X108, 2.385X105) / ml at the four stations respectively, so the Tigris river considered pollutant - very pollutant.

اسم المؤلف: سيماء عبد الرحمن شعبان

اسم المشرف: زيد محمد مبارك المهداوي | صالح محمد رحيم العبيدي

الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة

السنة: 2008

الموضوع الدقيق: الحيوان

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية العلوم - قسم علوم الحياة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين

الصفحات الاولى:

عزل وتشخيص البكتريا العنقودية السالبة لانزيم الخثرة من حالات مرضية مختلفة ودراسة مقاومتها للمضادات الحيوية == Isolation And Identification of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci From Different Clinical Cases And Study of Their Antibiotic Resistance

اسم المؤلف: مجاهد خلف علي احمد الجميلي

اسم المشرف: عباس علي هادي الدجيلي | وعد محمود رؤوف

الموضوع العام: علوم الحياة

السنة: 2008

الموضوع الدقيق: التقنيات الاحيائية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية التربية - قسم علوم الحياة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: جمعت 265 عينة من مستشفى تكريت التعليمي العام وشملت هذه العينات عينات سريرية لمرضى راقدين في المستشفى ومرضى مراجعين لها. اخذت العينات من المرضى المشتبه باصابتهم بخمج السبيل البولي وخمج الجروح والحروق وخمج الاذن الوسطى ولكلا الجنسين وباعمار مختلفة. انجزت هذ | A number of 265 samples had been collected from Tikrit Teaching Hospital (T.T.H.).These samples were taken from inpatients and outpatients suspected to have Urinary Tract Infection, Wound & Burn Infections and Mid - Ear infection for males and females in varied ages. The practical part had been fulfilled during the period from the beginning of December 2006 till the beginning of March 2007.Isolates diagnosed were identified depending on morphological and cultural characteristics. The results revealed 60 Staphylococci isolates, which shows 27 isolates (45%) were S. epidermidis, 13 isolates (21.66%) S. saprophyticus, 10 isolates (16.67%) S. xylosus, 3 isolates (5%) S. lentus, two isolates (3.33%) S. heamolyticus, and one isolate (1.67%) for each of S. simulans and S. hominis Ten (34.48%) of patients are located in the age group (15 - 30) years. while concerning the classification according to sex, females were (65.5%). Otitis media and Wounds and Burns infections, their ratio was high (61.1%, 53.8%) consequently both in males in comparison with females. Concerning the relationship between the infection and the residence and the level of education, the results revealed that isolation of Coagulase Negative Staphylococci (CoNS) were high in rural areas and in uneducated persons regarding the various infections than those live in urbans and educated ones. A of main tests were carried out in order to achieve the purpose of this study according to the planned goals, some of which are the virulence factors of Coagulase negative Staphylococci. These include DNase, Urease, Lipase, Lecithinase, and Alkaline phosphatase.The results revealed the ability of 67.5% of isolates to produce Alkaline phosphatase, and 46.6% of isolates to produce Urease, also 27.5% of isolates were able to produce Lecithinase , and the ability of 19.16% to produce Lipase, while 22.5% of isolates were capable of producing DNase. In addition to these tests, the test for producing ? - lactamase was done, 85% of isolates were positive to this test because ? - lactamase is one of the significant enzyme which are produced by bacteria since it improves the resistance of bacteria for antibiotics. Thirteen different antibiotics used for the Antibiotics susceptibility tests which show that most effective antibiotic is Nitrofurantoin (95%), followed by Amikacin (93.3%), Novobiocin(90%), Chloramphenicol(88.3%), Rifampicin (78.5%), Vancomycin (75%), Ciprofloxacin (73.3%), Clindamycin (70%), Gentamicin (58%), Penicillin G (50%), Trimethoprim (50%), Tetracycline (40%) and Cefoxitin (18.3%).

دراسة فرط زيادة الانسولين بالدم والمتلازمة الايضية لدى مرضى داء السكري النوع الثاني == A Study Of Hyperinsulinemia And Metabolic Syndrome In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

اسم المؤلف: علي عبد اللطيف حسن

اسم المشرف: THABIT NUMMAN WAHID AL | AZZAWE

الموضوع العام: الطب

السنة: 2008

الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء الحياتية السريرية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية الطب - قسم الكيمياء الحياتية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: مرض السكري من النوع الثاني هو اكثر اشكال مرض السكري شيوعا ويتميز باختلال افراز الانسولين واختلال فعاليته ويكون مصحوبا بمشكله زياده الممانعه للانسولين(وهي الحاله التي يكون فيها كميه الانسولين الطبيعيه تكون غير كافيه لانتاج نفس الفعاليه الايضيه في الخلايا | Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes and is characterized by disorders of insulin action and insulin secretion, and associated with increase problem of insulin resistant which is the condition in which normal amounts of insulin are inadequate to produce a normal insulin response from fat, muscle and liver cells. Insulin resistance in fat cells results in hydrolysis of stored triglycerides, which elevates free fatty acids in the blood plasma. Insulin resistance in muscle reduces glucose uptake, whereas insulin resistance in liver reduces glucose storage, with both effects serving to elevate blood glucose. High plasma levels of insulin and glucose due to insulin resistance often lead to metabolic syndrome.The combination of hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, glucose intolerance, and obesity, particularly central obesity, has been termed the “metabolic syndrome.” It has been proposed that this syndrome is a powerful determinant of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.Material and measurements : The study is designed to measure BMI, FBS, TG, HDLc, and c - peptide and insulin level. history of hypertension, age of patients and duration of diabetes are Also taken in to account. These parameters and measures applied for forty five patients with diabetes and thirty normal as control subjects.Results : - There is a positive significant Correlation between insulin level of the diabetic patient and BMI - there is Also a positive significant correlation between insulin level and C - peptide in diabetic patient (r=0.781) (p=0.0001) and in healthy control (r=0.599) (p=0.0001). - There is a positive significant Correlation between C - peptide level of the diabetic patient and BMI - There is a significant negative correlation between HDL with HbA1c, in diabetic patient (r= - 0.423) (p=0.006) and significant correlation of HbA1c with FBS - There is a positive significant Correlation between duration of diabetes and age of the patient(r=0.783) (p=0.0001) - There is a significant negative correlation between C - peptide and duration of diabetes in diabetic patient (r= - 0.310) (p=0.045) - There is a significant correlation between TG with FBS values. - There is a negative significant correlation between TG with HDL values. - 37.8% of diabetic patients had metabolic syndrome and no one of the control subjects had the criteria of (WHO).Conclusion : There were large percentage of diabetic patients with different BMI had metabolic syndrome as compared with the control subjects. There were strong correlations between insulin level (hyperinsulinemia) and risk of metabolic syndrome development and appearance of its complications. The risk of hyperinsulinemia and metabolic syndrome was well correlated with BMI than with HbA1c. Most of over weight and obese patients had high insulin level with different degrees of glycemic control and duration of disease. Large number of patient with metabolic syndrome were hypertensive as compared with diabetic patients with out the syndrome.

دراسة مقارنة بين احتياجات التثقيف الصحي وما هو متوفر في مدينة كركوك

اسم المؤلف: وفاء محمود جاسم

اسم المشرف: رقية صبحي توفيق | نشوان نعمت حنا

الموضوع العام: الطب

السنة: 2008

الموضوع الدقيق: طب المجتمع

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة تكريت - كلية الطب

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: صلاح الدين

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: يعد التثقيف الصحي على انه وسيلة اعلامية لجميع الناس لغرض تشجيع وتغيير العادات الى مستوى صحي وصحيح ويمكن ان يعرف التثقيف الصحي بانه مساعدة فئات المجتمع للتخلص من الامراض ووقاية الناس بواسطة تغيير معتقداتهم وافكارهم وسلوكهم نحو الصحة الشخصية تهدف الدراسة ا | Health education is regarded as an informative process achieved for all the people to promote and change their personal habits towards more healthy and accurate , or it may be defined as ( assistance of all community from any disease occurrence with the prevention and protection by affecting their attitudes , believes and behaviors regarding the personal health. This study is an attempt to assess the current situation of primary health centers in Kirkuk city regarding the health educational programs and to assess the main health educational needs and achievements.It is a descriptive study including all the health centers in Kirkuk - district except ( 7 ) of them excluded due to bad security situation in the city and only (12) primary health care centers were conducted starting from the 1st of December / 2007 to the end of February / 2008 , through a questionnaire form which is designed. for follow up the health activities achievement which are adapted by Ministry of Health plan for health directorates and health centers.interviewed by the researcher.The doctors and health educators who were working in these centers were included with main concentration on the educational aspect regarding (teaching aids , records obstacles and educational room with its equipments ). The health centers were classified by health directorate into ( 3) main groups according to the presence of educational methods and equipments and these are : - The first group including (5) model health centers with full , and complete supplementation of educational needs of teaching aids while the second group includes (4 ) health centers with ordinary aids and the last group containing (3) centers with still the old fashion of teaching aids and methods Nearly half of model health centers having (Audio - visual ) methods (45%) but 66.8%) of them were well - prepared updated health educational records And ( 58 %) of the health educators preferring educational models +audio - visual methods and the main educational obstacles are inadequate staff with insufficient methods (85% ) while the best suitable suggestions for avoiding these are supplying these centers with perfect well trained staff and motivation (33%).and (71%) of them agreed with the negative role of health directorate.During the 3 months period before the study , the educational activities for both the health directorate and health centers were affected in December /2007 and became over planned in the other two months (January and February /2008). Lack of the adequate training staff assessing the health educational activities and deficiency in teaching aids and methods necessary for conducting the health programs. with more attention towards motivation aspect with the little time provided for singly health group education and inadequate supplementation of the necessary needs in each health center are the main conclude points in the study

اسم المؤلف: محمد عبد الله غيدان

اسم المشرف: سلام جبار جياد السوداني

الموضوع العام: الفنون الجميلة

السنة: 2008

الموضوع الدقيق: التربية الفنية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: تعد الاتجاهات الحديثة التي افرزتها الثورة العلمية والتكنولوجية والتي من مبادئها واسسها الاهتمام بهندسة البيئة التعليمية المخصصة لتعليم المتعلم الذي يعد محورا للعملية التعليمية وباساليب تخضع للتحليل والتركيب والتطبيق والتقويم,وما توظفه من معلومات ومفاهيم | The modern trends developed by the scientific and technological revolution which its principles and bases are concerned with teaching environment teaching technology devoted to teach the learner who is the pivot of the teaching process,by methods subjected to analysis, structuring, applying and rectification along with what they employ of scientific data, concepts and activities made according to programmed courses arranged in regulations and law invented by science of teaching design introduced in all fields of specialization.This prompted the teaching institutions with all stages to accompany the developments of this science through directing postgraduate students to search for modern scientific means contributing in developing the teaching process.This include using teaching programs, systems and models and trying to applying and experimenting them in different fields of art, specially in acquiring them the skills of using oil colours which are a basic subject in Department of Artistic Education in College of Fine Arts, specially in practical plastic arts, then employing them in their artistic oil painting.According to the abovementioned, this study aims to : 1.Designing a teaching program to acquire the students of Department of Artistic Education the skills of using oil colours.2.Measuring the efficacy of the teaching program through applying it on empirical sample of 3rd grade student of Department of Artistic Education for the academic year 2007/2008. In order to achieve the objective of the study, a zero hypothesis will be invented according to study procedures.To ascertain those objectives, the researcher invented tow zero hypotheses. The group of the study consists of 3rd grade student of Department of Artistic Education of College of Fine Arts. Their number is (40) male and female students. A random sample of (13) male and female students was chosen whom the researcher adopted to apply the experiment.Since the present study adopted the empirical methodology, a teaching program was designed through analysis the subject of oil colours re - froming it according to the model of (Ganne & Briggs,1988).To measure this program, two types of tests was designed : the first one was cognitive achieving to measure the data that the student acquire and the second is skillful which measured through rectification form of skillful performance prepared for this purpose, those tools were subjected to truth and consistency procedures.To manifest the results of the study concluded by the researcher, he used the following statistical means : (Willcoxn Test) to show the prior - posterior differences between the students of the empirical group, (Difficulty and Discrimination Coefficient) equation to analyze the paragraphs of the cognitive achieving test and (Holsti) equation to find the agreement between the two criteria also those noted in consistency on performance rectification form.In addition to using (Kauder Richardson / 20) equation for consistency of cognitive achieving test.Most significant result concluded by the researcher : 1. The adequacy of the designed teaching program for how to use oil colours through its capability to acquire the students the artistic skills and to assist them to prompt them to think and making mind imaginations to comply with oil colours requirements and acquiring their artistic skills. This, in turn, contributed to achieve the desired objectives which was obvious in experiment results when applying the prior - posteriorcognitive achieving test for the posterior test.2. The adequacy of the teaching program in acquiring the students the artistic which was obvious in experiment results when applying the prior posterior cognitive achieving test for the posterior test.The most significant recommendations by the researcher are : 1. Adopting the teaching program in teaching colour generally and oil colours specifically in the Department of Artistic Education and the scientific departments in the compatible colleges or in departments of plastic arts in institutes of fine arts. This proved an efficacy in training the students on acquiring cognitive and performance skills.2.The agreement between the results of the present study and the results of former scientific studies and researches which adopted designing and inventing teaching programs in their procedures necessitated to add an academic curriculum specialized in teaching design for undergraduate study, especially in Deparment of Artistic Education in order to introduce most recent scientific and technological developments and their role in developing the teaching process.