Author name:
اسراء قحطان جاسم
Supervisor name:
كاظم نوير كاظم الزبيدي
Abstract:
تناول هذا البحث : (مظاهر الاغتراب في رسوم فان كوخ)، فاحتوى البحث اربعة فصول، عني الفصل الاول بالاطار المنهجي للبحث ممثلا بمشكلة البحث التي تحددت بالسؤال الاتي : (ما مظاهر الاغتراب في رسوم فان كوخ ؟)،وكذلك احتوى الفصل هدف البحث الذي كان (كشف مظاهر الاغتراب ف | This study deals with the Appearances of Alienation in Art work’s of Van GoghThe study falls in four chapters. Chapter one deals with the theoretical frame which is represented by the problem of the study that is limited to the answer of the question; what are the appearances of alienation in Van Gogh’s paintings. The chapter also contains the aim of the study which is to reveal the appearances of alienation in Van Gogh’s paintings.The study is limited to investigate the appearances of alienation in Van Gogh’s paintings between (1881 - 1890). This period represents his works from his artistic beginning until his death. The researcher uses the analytical approach according to an ideological and aesthetic vision in both of its aspects the theoretical and the practical.Chapter Two deals with the theoretical framework which consists of four topics : the first topic deals with the conception of alienation, while the second topic sheds light on the concept of alienation in the movements of modern painting. The third one gives an idea about Gogh’s life. The fourth topic studies the ideological and aesthetic features in the paintings of Van Gogh. The chapter is concluded with the mentioning of indications of the theoretical framework in order to make use of them in the building of the research tool and the analysis of its sample.Chapter Three deals with the procedures of the study, it explores the society of the research which consists of 200 works of art of Cogh’s. They are distributed chronologically. These works of art are executed with different materials; 55 drawings, 26 works with water color, 119 paintings with oil, and the sample of the study which is the society of the study at the same time for the quantitative analysis. From the study society which consists of 20 works, a sample was chosen randomly to be analyzed critically in order to compensate the gaps that appear through the use of the quantitative analysis for the aesthetic and artistic phenomenon in the visual texts. This is done according to the research tool which is built in consistence with the theoretical framework. The researcher notices the meeting between the appearances of alienation and the mechanisms of the painting production. The tool consists of the cores of alienation which are : isolation, non - normative, nonsense, disobedience, impotence, despoliation, rejection, escape, and withdrawal. These are put in the horizontal core in the analysis form. The main items which include the elements of formation, and the secondary items which include the relations of formation, and the subsidiary items are put. The tool then is showed to a number of specialists and experts in artistic education and visual arts and psychology, in order to make use of their opinion in its validity. Accordingly, the form is amended by the omission and addition of some items. After the tool acquires validity, it becomes ready for use. The researcher makes sure of the tool validity through the agreement comparison of outside analyzers by making them analyze the same content separately. She depends also on the agreement through time which means that the researcher acquires the same results as she analyzes the same content after a period of time using the same tools.After the application of the statistic tools which consist of Cooper Equation to measure the validity of the tool, which appears to be 88%, and Scott Equation to measure the consistency of the tool which appears to be 87.25. She uses the mathematic average to measure the frequency of the research society. She uses Kai square to analyze the sample quantitatively. After that she analyzes the sample critically.Chapter Four includes the results and the conclusions of the study. It also includes the recommendations that the researcher sees important for future studies. Among the main results that the researcher arrives at are the followings : 1 - Isolation appears to be an appearance of alienation in the works of Van Gogh. This reflects his dissociation from the others and society in the aspects of interaction, communication, cooperation, and emotional and social incorporation. Isolation appears very clear through the elements of the critical analysis : line, color, touch, and the relations of formation. Van Gogh expresses his isolation in his paintings. Isolation appears clear in the society of the study and the statistical analysis of the research sample. The cut form is 64.06%, horizontal line is 39.16%, hot transparent color 27.73%, soft touch 19.36%, non - asymmetric balance 41.01%, color dominance 22.31%, distortion of figure through elongate 21.82%, and technical expression 20.45%.2 - Non - normative appears in the works of Van Gogh through his trial to get rid of society as he tries to focus on his being and the rejection of social relations. Non - normative is represented semantically through the constructional critical analysis of the figure and its elements; line, color, touch, formation relations. He reflects them in his paintings and the incarnation of figures and things using indicatives that reject society, life, and social connections. According to statistical analysis, non - normative appears : hot transparent color 95.3%, varied line 47.18%, normal cut figure 24.75%, tough touch 20.04%. Through the formation relations; normal representative movement 40.04%, rhythm and repetition 23.7%. Through artistic treatments : distortion of figure through stretch 26.25%.3 - Disobedience appears in the works of Van Gogh in his separation from the moralist, civilization, historical, social norms in the form a destructive trend that goes out of his person and takes the form of an aggressive behavior against society and its civilization indications. Through the critical constructive analysis, disobedience appears semantically in the form and its elements : color, touch, formation relations. Gogh expresses his disobedience through his paintings. The statistical analysis of the sample of research society reveals the following : thick hot color 56.33%, varied touch 26.8%, and geometrical cut figure 22.15%. The formation relations through the unbalanced balancing 25.25%, the rhythm and the repetition 21.81%. Artistic treatment, the distortion of color 20.59%, the expression through technicality 20.66%.4 - Rejection appears in the works of Gogh as another appearance of alienation. He expresses this through the rejection of some types of behavior and culture that are dominated in the society he lives in. Aspects of rejection appear semantically and through the critical constructive analysis of the form and its elements : color, line, formation relations. Gogh expresses his rejection through the drawing of forms and contents that goes far from society. According to statistical analysis : thick hot color 63.78%, vertical line 43.56%, and varied geometrical shape 20.37%. According to the formation relations : color consistence 31.85%, rhythm and contradicted repletion 23.64%, the relation of the part to the all 20.45%, color dominance 23.64%.The most important conclusions are : 1 - Van Gogh does not use the appearances of alienation willingly but as a result of a psychological mood that affected him in an indirect way. This is reflected in the unconsciousness of the artist affecting his production. Different moods and circumstances help in the appearance of such representations. The most important of these circumstances are his culture and way of living.2 - The psychological aspect has a strong connection with the work of art as a value that achieves a kind of spiritual connection between man and his subject. The psychological dimension of Van Gogh appears to be a centre of the human subject to introduce its suggestions about the work of art.3 - The elements of formation and its relations have semantic indications for alienation. Van Gogh expresses an emotional feature, not as decoration, but according to a subject system and as a deep philosophical and spiritual concept. The search also includes : Proven sources, supplements, abstract in English.
