Abstract: The present study was carried out in Thi - Qar province during the period from beginning of January until the end of December 2015 to investigate the prevalence of infection with hydatidosis in human and other intermediate hosts. The molecular techniques was used to detect the strain of Echinococcus granulosus. The present study diagnosed 58 infection with hydatidosis in different organs such as liver, lungs, kidney and spleen of surgically treated patients in AL - Hussein Imam Teaching Hospital inNassiriyah city, centre of Thi - Qar province. The total number of hydatid cysts was 72 cyst in different organs with total intensity of infection 1.24. The females recorded highest percentage of infection 67.24% than males 32.76 %, and the age group 21 - 30 year showed highest percentage of infection 24.14 % . The lowest percentage recorded in age group more than 60 year 5.17 %.The results of study showed that right lobe of liver was more affected 58.62 % than left lobe 13.79 %. The percentage of left lung infection was 10.34 % while right lung 8.62 %. The total average of fertile cysts in infected organs was 81.82 % and sterile cysts 18.18 %. The highest percentage of infection was recorded in house women 87.18 %. The number of recorded cases in Nassiriyah district was 21 case with percentage of infection 36.21 %.During the same period a total of 1303, 1287, 405, 90, and 294 head from sheep, cattle, buffaloes, camels and goats were examined respectively.The percentage of infection was 7.83 %, 7.69 %, 3.46 % and 2.22 % in sheep, cattle, buffaloes and camels respectively, and no infection was recorded in goats. The intensity of infection was 4.07, 3.27, 1.64 and 2 in sheep, cattle, buffaloes and camels respectively. The results of statistical analysis showed no significant differences (P????0.05) in percentage and intensity of infection.The percentage infection of liver, lungs and both together in sheep was 5.45 %, 1.23 % and 1.15 % respectively, and there was no significant differences in percentage of infection but intensity of infection differed significantly(P????0.05). The percentage of liver, lungs, both together and spleen infection in cattle were 3.11 %, 2.95 % , 1.55 % and 0.08 % respectively while intensity of infection in liver, lungs, both together and spleen was 2.5, 2.18, 7 and 1 respectively. The percentage of liver, lungs and both together infection in buffaloes were 2.22 %, 0.99 % and 0.25 % respectively while intensity of infection in liver, lungs and both together was 1.89, 1 and 2 respectively. No significant differences in percentage and intensity of infection in camels andboth percentage and intensity of infection in liver and lungs were 1.11% and 2 respectively.High significant differences was recorded between percentage infection in males and females of animals. The percentage of infection in females were 15.87 %, 13.42 %, 6.99 % and 3.45 % in sheep, cattle, buffaloes and camels respectively. Highest percentage of infection were 0.72 %, 0.18 % and 0.46 % in males of sheep, cattle and buffaloes respectively. No infection were recorded in males of camels.T he age was effect on percentage of infection and big aging groups recorded in sheep, cattle, buffaloes and camels. The present study recorded significant differences in percentage of fertile hydatid cysts in liver and lungs of animals and highest of percentage of fertility recorded in liver and lungs of sheep 84.21 % and 79.24 % respectively and lower percentage of fertility was in liver of buffaloes 11.11% and liver of cattle 14.70 %. The lower percentage of sterile hydatid cysts was in liver and lungs of sheep 15.79 % and 20.75 % respectively and highest percentage recorded in liver of buffaloes 88.88 % and spleen of cattle 100 %.S t a tistical analysis using of ANOVAs test showed no significant differences in total length, length of blade and width for large and small protoscolices hooks of hydatid cysts isolated from liver and lungs of sheep, human, cattle buffaloes, camels and hooks of sheep which is showed genetic variations (new strain).The PCR - RFLP technique was used in identification of E.granulosus strains infecting human and intermediate hosts in Thi - Qar province. The molecular study is carried out on 75 hydatid cysts collected from human, sheep, cattle, buffaloes and camels. The DNA is extracted from protoscolices of hydatid cysts isolated from infected organs. PCR - RFLP technique showed that sheep strain G1 of E.granulosus is predominant in Thi - Qar province depending on amplification of rDNA - ITS1 gene. The PCR products in all DNA samples showed 1000 bp approximately. Alu1 endonuclease with rDNA - ITS1 demonstrated two bands 800 bp and 200 bp approximately, while Rsa1 endonuclease showed two bands 655 bp and 345 bp approximately which is similar to sheep strain genotype 1.Sequence analysis for rDNA - ITS1 gene showed the presence of sheepstrain genotype 1 which is similar 100 % to sheep strain in gene bank exceptone isolate (sheep liver) was differs from other strains in position ofnucleotide sequence. It was similar 99 % for sequence of sheep strain. Thedata base of this new strain was recorded in gene bank for DNA sequence National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) for the first time globally under the name Echinococcus granulosus strain WH1AW2 (GenBank : LT547814). Polymerase chain reaction technique and sequence analysis of mtCOX1 gene showed the presence of sheep strain G1 of human, sheep, cattle, buffaloes and camels. The sequence analysis showed the genetic variation in mtCOX1 gene for hydatid cyst in infected sheep represented by point mutation type transition which caused change Adenine to Guanine, and sequence data base of the sample recorded for first time in NCBI and ENA (GenBank : LC203589). Buffaloes strain G3 isolated from human lung recorded for first time in Thi - Qar province depending on comparison of samples sequences with source strains recorded in gene bank (NCBI) using "BLAST". The size of bands for mtCOX1 gene was 450 bp in all samples

دراسة تصنيفية وحياتية للديدان الخيطية عائلة Tetrameridae Travassos, 1914 المتطفلة على بعض انواع الطيور في هور السناف محافظة ذي قار == Taxonomic and Biological Studies of Nematodes of the Family Tetrameridae Travassos, 1914 in the Some Birds in Sinaph marsh Thi - Qar province

Author name: نهى جبار عبد الركابي

Supervisor name: باسم ھاشم عبد الله

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Doctorate

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Pure Sciences

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

Abstract: A total of 401 represented by 128 birds of Himantopus himantopus which belong to the family Recurvirostridae , 93 birds of Chettusia leucura which belong to the family charadriidae and 180 birds of Sturnus vulgaris which belong to the family sturnidae at the period from April 2014 to march 2015 in Al - Sanaf marsh , Suq - Al - Shuyukh city southern of the Thi - Qar province,for searching the nematodes which belong to the family Tetrameridae. Four species of nematodes, which belong to the family Tetrameridae, were isolated in the current study. They were T.nouveli, T.dubia, T.spinosa and Microtetrameres inermis. The H. himantopus was infected with the nematode T.nouveli and the prevalence of infection was 25.8% , bird.Furthermore, the Chettusia leucura was infected, the mean intensity was 3.3 worm in each infected birds. The nematode T.dubia was isolated from H. himantopus with the isolated from the Ch. Leucura mean intensity was 1.7.The nematode T.spinosa was isolated from H. himantopus the the mean intensity of infection was 2.3 and it was isolated from the Ch. leucura , the prevalence of infection 4.3% and the mean intensity was 1.8 worm in each infected worm.The record of these three nematode is considering the first record in Iraq.Microtetrameres inermis was isolated from the Sturnus vulgaris, the each infected birds.Himantopus himantopus from April 2014 to March of 2015.This bird was infected with three species from family Tetrameridae, The seasonal variation study of infection prevalence of Tetrameres spp.in, H. himantopus that there was II Summarycomplete seasonal cycle for nematodes T.nouveli, T.dubia , and T.spinosa .The nematode T.nouveli had hightest infection prevalence in summer the decrease in autumn, winter and spring while the infection prevalence of nematode T.dubia was hight in summer and autumn then decrease in winter and spring. The infection prevalence of nematode T.spinosa was generally low with little increase in autumn .The results of the current of the Ch. leucura indicated that this bird was infected with three species which nematodes T.nouveli, T.dubia and T.spinosa and they had seasonal appearance . There was not any significant effect of host sex on prevalence of infection, and it showed decreased in prevalence of infection when the bird's weight was increased.The study of lifecycle of nematodes : T.nouveli ,T.dubia and M. inermis revealed obtainment the larval stages after success the infection experimental of the grasshopper Schistocerca gregaria for the first time the three isolated nematodes from family Tetrameridae in this study which it was T.nouveli , T. dubia and M.inermis and was included the lifecycle of the three species . The differences were including the period of time to produce and developing the larval stages in addition to the differences in their shapes, it was revealed that were clear differences in the structure and their shape of the tip the posterior end of the third larval stage. The end of the third larval stage of the nematode T. nouveli had three caudal papilla and the posterior end of nematode T.dubia had five caudal papilla while the end of the third larval stage of M.inermis did not have any caudal papilla , so we can distinguish these nematode larval stage depended on the prevalence this character in their third larval stage.The experimental infection of the Columba livia domestica with nematode M.inermis was successful.While the experimental infection to the Columba livia domestica with nematode T.nouveli ,T.dubia .was failed The experimental infection of the Gallus domestica with nematodes of Tetrameridae T.nouveli, T.dubia and M.inermis was failed too.

دراسات تصنيفية وحياتية ووبائية للمثقوبات المتطفلة في الجهاز التنفسي للطيور المائية في اهوار محافظة ذي قار == Taxonomic,Biological and Epidemiological Studies of Trematodes Parasitic in the Respiratory System of Some Aquatic Birds in Marshes of Thi - Qar province/Iraq

Author name: نثيلة رشيد حميد الكسار

Supervisor name: صبيح هليل المياح | باسم هاشم عبد الله

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Doctorate

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Pure Sciences

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

Abstract: A total of 420 aquatic birds belonging to four species( Chettusia leucura , Himantopus himantopus, Gallinula chloropus and Fulica atrawere collected in the current study during the period between December 2012 to November 2013 fisolated from Al - Chibayish marshes , eastern of Thi Qar province. Digenetic trematode, Haematotrephus nittanyense was isolated from H. himantopus and C. leucura. Prevalence in those birds were 20.7% , 2.2% respectively. Mean intensity of infection 1.7 , 1.2 respectively. Digenetic trematode , Haematotrephus chengi was found in C.leucura, the Prevalence of infection was 20.7% . These two trematodes were recorded for the first time in Iraqi birds . 2.6% of Ch. leucura were infected with Digenetic trematode , Uvitellina iraquensi , mean intensity of infection was 2.7 . Digenetic trematode , Cyclocoelum mutabile Cyclocoelum mutabile was isolated from F. atra and G. chloropus birds . Prevalence in those birds were 21.2% ,10% respectively. Mean intensity of infection 3 , 3 . Digenetic trematode , Cyclocoelum microstomum was found in 20% of G. chloropus birds and in 15% of F. atra , mean intensity of infection 2.8 , 1.8 respectively.The current study revealed that , most eggs of H. nittanyense , H. chengi and U. iraquensis hatch within the uteri of worms while embryonated eggs of C. mutabile and C. microstomum shed from mature worms hatch within few hours after being placed in water. The mean number of eggs differed between species. Hatching of C. mutabile and C. microstomum eggs did not occur at 12°C . Egg hatching rate of C. mutabile differed from eggs hatching rate of C. microstomum at all temperatures . Temperatures, salinity and acidification of water affectedthe rate of hatching of C. mutabile and C. microstomum eggs , and the results varied between two different species . Storing eggs of C. mutabile and C. microstomum at (0,4)°C for ( 1 - 8) weeks failed to hatch . Storing eggs of C. mutabile and C. microstomum at (7,10,12)°C for (1 - 8) weeks had no effect on hatching success or on eggs hatching rate.A biological study of the miracidia of trematodes which were isolated in the current study showed that , the survivorship and longevity of miracidia were differed among the different species . Temperature, salinity and acidification of water affected the survivorship and longevity of miracidia . Storing eggs of all species at (7,10,12)°C for eight weeks had no effect on survivorship and longevity of their miracidia. The study revealed that , the miracidia of all species were infective to Radix auricularia and Physa acuta snails , but R. auricularia snails more sensitive to infection . The infectivity of the miracidia of all species to R. auricularia and P. acuta snails varied according to the species of these trematodes . Infection rate of R. auricularia snails with the miracidia of all species , mean intensity of infection and the metacercariae output varied according to species of these trematodes, temperature , miracidial density as well as size of snails. Miracidia hatching from eggs stored for 1 - 8 weeks at 7°C not differed in their infectivity to snail. The miracidia of all species hatching from eggs stored for (0 - 8) weeks at 7°C differed in their infectivity to snail according to the species of these trematodes. Age and density of H. chengi miracidia affected the infection rate of R. auricularia snails as well as affected the mean intensity of infection . H. chengi infection had no effect on mortality rate of R. auricularia and P. acuta snails.The results showed that there were differences between the various stages included in the life cycle of the five species of Cyclocoelidae family isolated in the current study . The time required for production and development of these stages varied according to their species, as well as these larval stages were differed among the species in their shapes , sizes and in the product number of them .The current study revealed that , metacercariae of the trematodes which were isolated in the current study fed separately to Gallus domesticus and Anas platyrhynchos failed to produce an infection , although the influence of C. leucura bile on metacercariae of H. nittanyense , H. chengi and U. iraquensis varied according to the species of these trematodes but bile of C. leucura plays a role in increasing excysted juveniles ratios , reduction the time required for excysting and increasing the time of juveniles activity compared with a bile of G. domesticus .In the current study. H. nittanyense showed a clear seasonal cycle of infection in local aquatic birds , H. himantopus ,while the study exposed a clear seasonal cycle of H. chengi infection in local aquatic birds C. leucura . Isolation of U. iraquensis in different periods during the current study from local aquatic birds, C. leucura may refer to its ability to complete its life cycle in a study area. Isolation of C. mutabile from migratory bird at arrival time to the study area may refer to new infections that carried by these migratory birds from their breeding grounds . Abundance of sensitive snails and suitable temperatures in a study area at arrival time of these birds may help this trematode to complete its life cycle in this area thus new infections emerged later and these infections may carry by microstomum isolated from migratory birds only at the arrival time to the study area may refer to new infections that carried by these migratory birds from their breeding grounds as well as this may indicate an inability to complete the life cycle of this trematode in this area.

عزل وتشخيص اميبا Acanthamoeba castellani ودراسة تاثيرها الممرض في الفئران المختبرية Mus musculus سلالة Balb/C == Isolation and Detection of Acanthamoeba castellani. and study their pathological effect on laboratory mice Mus musculus Balb \C strain

Author name: شيماء عبد الرزاق حميد

Supervisor name: مسلم عبد الرحمن محمد

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Science - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

Abstract: free_living species of amoeba belongs to the genus Acanthamoeba was recorded in the recent study , this species was classified as A. castellani was according to the morphological features , cultural properties , heat tolerance and osmosis .Astromoeba was also recorded that characterized by its star - shape and Naegleria spp. which isolated from environmental samples ,both are free living amoeba .Acanthamoeba was isolated from different environments , includings water and soil from various regions of Basrah Provinace and from gathered water in air - cooler basin and discarded water from air conditioning systems .It was isolated from the eyes of out - patients who were suffered from eye problemes and from healthy volunteers.Several culture media were used for parasite culturing including media S, Agar, PYG, Mix , Mud , Heat - killed E.coli coated agar ,Lock and Manitol media.The media differ in their capability for the parasite growth depending on their nutrients ingrediants and the suitable temperature for the growth ,and the high rate for the growth was on S medium 37◦C and there is increasing in the parasite size that it is a new medium and used for the first time .The PYG medium at 37◦C also cause a good growth for the parasite .The parasite susceptibility to Dexonium was examined in vitro which shows the activity of the drug against the parasite .The activity of other drugs including Cisplatin , Pentostam , Chloromphenicol , Methadin , Cifran and Genedin was examined in this study .Cifran and Cisplatin shows a close effect and less than others ,while Methadin does not affect on the parasite ,in other hand Chloramphenicol caused obvious malformation in the parasite and retardation in the numbers.The recent study showed the death dose for half of the lab mice infected with the parasite was 450 amoeba/ml.The study also proved that the parasite is one of the major causes for Blinding ,causes it invades the mice eyes and blinds them moreover it cause skin lesions , hypertrophy in spleen and kidneys and bleeding in brain and lungs .Different ways used in the infecting of mice by the parasite caused the death of them in two - four dayes ,The chronic infection cause death in long period.The parasite can infect the brain when it is injected in different ways through optic nerve ,peritonium ,veins , nose and skin ,in which it caused necrosis .The presence of the trophozoite and cyst cause WBC infeltration.The liver ,kidneys and lungs were also infected when the parasite injected through the optic nerve , peritonium ,veins ,nose and skin and caused necrosis , bleeding patches , gathering of the defence cells (WBC).

تقييم فعالية عقاري Nandrolone decanuate وAlbendazole للاصابات المختلفة بداء الاكياس العدرية في الفئران المختبرية سلالة Balb/c == Evaluate the effectiveness of a drug Nandrolone decanuate and Albendazole for injuries the different infections by hydatid cysts in mice Balb/c

Author name: سعيد فاضل مناتي الحمداني

Supervisor name: مسلم عبد الرحمن محمد

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Pure Sciences

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

Abstract: تبنت الدراسة الحالية استعمال طرق مختلفة لاحداث الاصابة برؤيسات الاولية Protoscolex المستخرجة من الطور اليرقي ( الاكياس العدرية ) لطفيلي Echinococcus granulosus وهذه الطرق هي الحقن الوريدي والجنبي وتحت الجلد وكذلك عن طريق الغشاء البريتوني . اظهرت الدراسة حدوث الاصابة وتطور الاكياس العدرية في كل الطرق اعلاه . كذلك تم استعمال طريقة الحقن في اللفائفي والتجريع عن طريق الفم لكن لم تظهر الاصابة المستخدمة بهذه الطرق اي تطور للاكياس العدرية في حيواتات التجربة . كذلك حقن 650 رؤيس اولي في جميع طرق الحقن وتبين حدوث الاصابة في نفس مواقع الحقن بطريقة الحقن تحت الجلد والحقن الجنبي وعن طريق الغشاء البريتوني. ولكن طريقة الحقن الوريدي اظهرت حدوث الاصابة وتطور الاكياس العدرية في اماكن مختلفة من جسم الحيوان المختبري ويكون الكيس العدري متموضعا بين نسيج العضو المصاب في حين الحقن عن طريق الجنب وتحت الجلد والغشاء البريتوني يكون الاكياس العدرية المتطورة ملتصقة على سطح العضو المصاب . كذلك اثبتت الدراسة وجود اختلاف في الوان الاكياس العدرية المتكونه وحسب طريقة الحقن. استـــــعمل في هذه الدراســــــــة عقار Albendazole وعــــــقار Nandrolone decanuate كعقارات علاجات للاصابة المستعملة وتبين ان لها تاثير ادى الى موت الرؤيسات الاولية بتقدم فترة الاصابة واثبتت الدراسة ان عقار Nandrolone اكثر كفاءة من عقار البندازول وذلك من خلال الاختلافات في النسبة المئوية لموت الرؤيسات الاولية وكذلك بسبب هذا العقارشوه في شكل الرؤيسات وطريقة ابعاجها اذ كان الانبعاج الى الخارج في حين كان الانبعاج الى الداخل في الاصابات المعالجة بعقار البندازول . | The present study showed various methods for the infection by the protoscolex obtained from the larval phase of the Echinococcus granulosus . which involved the venus,pleural,subcutaneous and peritoneal injection . In all injection method 650 protoscolex were injected ,It was found that no infection happen in the same location to the injection which resulted by the subcutaneous,pleural and pretonal injections. On the contrary to thatresulted by venous injection in wich the injection occurred in varoes sites of the lab animals body ,and the hydatid cysts were pervasine with in the diseased infected organ tissues. Wile that resulted by pertonial ,subcutaneous and hered the surface of the organ. The colors of the hydrated cysts were also varied according to the infection methods.Albendazole and Nandrolone were used as treatments against the induced infections and it was found that Nandrolone was more efficient than albendazole,That was observed by the rates of the protoscolex caused by the action of the drugs and desmorphorphology and invagination outward while in albendazole was inward

دراسة تشخيصية جزيئية ودمية وكيموحيوية لانواع الاكريات Eimeria spp. في الدجاج المصاب طبيعيا وتجريبيا في محافظة الديوانية == Molecular Diagnosis Study And Haematological And Biochemical of Coccidiosis Eimeria Spp. In Natural And Experimental Infection Chicken In Al - Diwanyia City

Author name: خالد ثامر مطر الشيباني

Supervisor name: خيري عبد الله داود العكيلي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة في البيت الحيواني التابع لقسم علوم الحياة / كلية التربية / جامعة القادسية للمدة من 1/9/2013 ولغاية 1/9/2014، للتحري عن انواع طفيلي الاكريات المتطفلة على الدجاج المصاب طبيعيا وعزل الطفيلي من الحالات المصابة الواردة الى المسستشفى البيطري | The study conducted in The animal house of the Biology department, College of Education, University of Al - Qadisiyah during the period from 1/9/2013 to 1/9/2014. The study diagnosed the species of Eimeria parasites in naturally infected chickens in poultry farms. Eimeria oocysts was isolated from the infected chickens feaces in Veterinary hospital and Veterinary clinics.Then, the cases diagnosed initially in the laboratory by direct examining stool smears and the positive cases were recorded.Through this study, oocysts were isolated, and two species of Eimeria parasites were diagnosed (E.tenella and E.maxima) by using the technique of Conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction technique.There are 186 cases of infected chicken which examined, and the results showed that (186 out of 315)stool Samples(59%), include infected with two species of Eimeria parasites E.tenella was in (135 out of 186, 72.5%) while the species E.maxima was in(51 out of 186, 27.4%). The experimental study was conducting two experiments were done.The first experiment, depend on the experimental infection of E.tenella species which was used for two types of chicken, (Ross type which is foreign, and local breed).The second experiment, includes experimental infection with the species E.maxima also in two types of chickens that mention above. Symptoms and clinical signs of the first experiment on foreign chickens included were recorded it is noticed that infected the chickens with E.tenella have was dull, unorganized feather and loss of appetite in addition to bloody diahrreha, loss weight, emaciated and isolated. The Gross Lesions include congestion of cecum and an increase in their sizes while inside the cecum, many ulcerated lesions were noticed, filling cecum with mucus and blood, liver was congested and enlarged. Microscopicale examination recorded congestion was full with blood cells and necrotic tissues cecum and falling of cells in the cecum lumen. Many different stages of the parasites were noticed as schizonts, merozoites, gametes and oocysts Hematological parameters showed high significant decrease (p?0.05) in Hb (0.38±5.94 mg / 100ml) in the fourth week of infection, PCV (0.68±18.47%) in the fifth week and RBC was (1.58±0.02x106) in the fourth week. Also, the infection led to significant increase difference of WBC (30.19±0.95x103) in the seventh week of infection in comparison of uninfected chickens of the control sample. The biochemical parameters of blood serum showed that significant decrease (p?0.05) in glucose concentration (156.98±1.75mg / 100ml in the fourth week of infection), cholesterol concentration and total protein concentration (62.11±4.40, 1.92±0.92 mg / 100ml respectively in the fifth week of infection).Also, Uric acid increased significantly (p?0.05) to reach(10.19±0.52mg / 100ml) in the fourth week of infection in comparison of uninfected chickens of the control group. Average weight was showed the significant decrease (p?0.05) of the chickens quantity (368.88±3.01gr in the fourth week of the infection), and an increase the percentage of mortality(23.33±0.23% in the fifth week of infection), addition to the decrease of consuming food by bird (282.8±2.19gr in the fifth week of the infection) in comparison of uninfected chickens of the control group. While the results of local breed chickens in the first experiment were less severity than that with the foreign type (Ross) but the colour of the stool was brown mixed with blood. The Gross Lesions showed pathological changes in the cecum as congestion and bleeding. Moreover, ulcers areas were smaller and less in number in comparison with the infected foreign chickens by the same parasite. The microscopic pathological changes of E.tenella in the cecum showed hyperplasia in goblet cells and congestion of blood capillaries with less number of stages of the parasite in comparison with the foreign chickens. The hematological parameters showed significant decrease (p?0.05) in Hb concentration and percentage of PCV (7.13±0.31mg/100ml, 21.26±1.82% respectively in the fifth week of infection), while the RBC count was (2.05±0.12 x 106 in the fourth week of infection and significant increased (p?0.05) in WBC count was (30.63±0.38 x 106 the sixth week of infection) in comparison with the chickens of the control group. The biochemical parameters of blood serum showed the significant decrease (p?0.05) in glucose concentration (169.60±2.16mg/100ml in the fifth week of infection), cholesterol concentration and total protein concentration (70.89±2.01, 2.25±0.39mg/100ml respectively in the fourth week of infection). Uric acid increased significantly (p?0.05) to reach (7.62±0.90mg/100ml) in the fifth week of infection in comparison with the control group. Average of the weight was significant decrease (p?0.05) (190.28±3.81gm), high increase in the average of mortality (10±0.20%), and high decrease in the consuming food average (413.4±3.91gr) in the fourth week of infection in comparison with the uninfected control group. The second experiment of the foreign chicken which infected experimentally by E.maxima showed asymptoms and clinical signs were nearly similar in the foreign chickens that infected with E.tenella, but mild in severity is average. The symptoms include fatigue, fallen wings, loss of appetite, mucus diarhea mixed with blood. The Gross Lesions showed severe changes in the infected part of intestine as congestion and filling of intestine with mucous secretion of bad odour. While the microscopic pathological changes showed the tissues section of intestine were damaged, necrosis of intestine villi due to the large number of different stages of the parasite with hyperplasia of goblet cells. The hematological parameters showed significanty decrease (p?0.05) in Hb concentration, percentage of PCV and RBC count (7.55±0.61mg/100ml, 23.62±0.81% and 2.08±0.10x106 in the fourth week of infection) and significant increased (p?0.05)in WBC count (31.26±0.63x106 in the seventh week of infection) in comparison with the uninfection control group. The biochemical parameters of blood serum showed that there was the significant decrease (p?0.05) in glucose concentration (164.86±2.11 mg /100ml in the fifth week of infection), cholestrol concentration and total protein (77.14± 3.38, 2.24±0.36 mg/100ml) and significant increased (p?0.05) in Uric acid concentration (8.20±0.79mg/100ml) in the fourth week of infection in comparison to the control group. The results of productive characteristics refered to significant decrease(p?0.05) in the weight of chickens (479.28±0.23gr) and significant increase (p?0.05) in mortality (10±0.11%) during the fifth week of infection. Also, there was significant decrease (p?0.05) in the consumed food by birds (368.5±2.10gr) during the fourth week of infection in comparison to the chicken of the control group. While the results of local breed chicken in the second experiment, the symptoms and clinical signs showed no sign of disease, and the chickens were active in spite of presence of infection and the releasing of Oocysts. The Gross Lesions showed the inflammation and congestion, onlargment of the infected part of small intestine, little mucous and liquid inside the lumen.As far as microscopic changes are concerned, the tissue examination showed some necrosis and damage of the villi ends and an increase in the size of the goblet cells. Hematological parameters showed to the significant decrease (p?0.05) in Hb concentration and percentage of PCV (7.86±0.45 mg/100ml, 23.60±0.53% respectively during the fifth week of infection), RBC count (2.10±0.13 x 106 in the fourth week of infection) and significant increased (p?0.05) in WBC count (32.98±0.58 x 106 during the sixth week of infection) in comparison with the control group. The biochemical parameters of blood serum showed that there was the significant decrease (p?0.05)in glucose concentration and cholestrol concentration (170.60 ±2.01, 79.70±2.69 mg/100ml respectively in the fourth week of infection), total protein concentration (2.42±0.31mg/100ml in the fifth week of infection) and significant increased (p?0.05) in Uric acid concentration (6.52±0.82mg/100ml in the fourth week of infection) in comparison to the uninfection control group. Average of the weight referred to significant decrease (p?0.05) of chickens (213.16±3.12 gr) and consuming food (481±3.21 gr) during the fourth week of infection.While there were no differnces in the percentage of mortality comparison with the uninfected chicken of the control group. Also, the results of the number of released oocysts showed significant increase (p?0.05)in number of released oocysts with stool by infected foreign ckicken(Ross) in comparison with the local breed chicken which infected by the same parasite.Also, the number of the dropped oocysts of E.tenella were higher than that of E.maxima.

تاثير الاصابة بالاكياس المائية Hydatid cysts على مستويات مضادات الاكسدة في مصول المصابين == The Effect of Hydatid Cysts Infection On Antioxidant Levels In Serum of Infected Individuals

Author name: مريم ماجد محمد النصراوي

Supervisor name: نغم ياسين كاظم البياتي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Diyala

First pages:

Abstract: اجريت الدراسة الحالية في محافظة ديالى اذ تم جمع 100 عينة من اشخاص مصابين وغير مصابين بداء الاكياس المائية للفترة من 2013/10/1 الى 2014/8/10 من مناطق مختلفة تابعة لمحافظة ديالى والتي شملت (حمرين، المقدادية، قزانية، بعقوبة)، وقد توزعت العينات بواقع 54 من ا | The present study was carried out in Diyala province during the period from 1/10/2013 to 01/08/2014 in different areas including : Hamrin, Muqdadiyah, Kasaniya, and Baquba.Blood samples were collected from one hundred individuals who are at risk of hydatid cyst infection (veterinarians, shepherds, farmers, butchers and housewives).The diagnosis of hydatid cyst infection was carried out by Echinococcus IgG ELISA kit. It was shown that the total rate of infection was 16% (6% for male, and 10% for female). The study revealed that the highest percentage of infection was in individual live in urban compared with those who live in rural area.The mean concentrations of antioxidants ; glutathion, catalase and superoxide dismutase were measured in addition to measure the mean concentration of the oxidants.The results showed the presence of malondialdehyde in the serum of studied individuals. The results showed a decrease in the level of glutathion catalase and super oxide dismutase in infected individuals (0.0048±0.0596mmol/L, 0.0220±0.0260mmol/L, 0.0024±0.04430 mmol/L, respectively) compared with non - infected individuals (0.0237±0.2719mmol/L, 0.0024±0.0879mmol/L, 0.0428±0.3069mmol/L, respectively) while there was an increase in concentration of malondialdehyde (0.2245±2.915mmol/L) compared with non - infected (0.025±0.8042mmol/L). There was no significant differences in the concentrations of all these parameters according to age, sex and location of the cysts. The results showed that there was no correlation between each of catalase and superoxide dismutase and the malondialdehyde whil there was a negative correlation between glutathion and malondialdehyde. The study concludes that the infection of hydatid cyst leads to a decrease in antioxidants and to an increase in oxidants which may indicate that there was a damage caused by tissue infection.

دراسة وبائية للانماط الجينية لطفيلي الاميبا الحالة للنسيج والجيارديا الامبيلية في منطقة الفرات الاوسط العراق

Author name: صبا فاضل علي مهدي معلة

Supervisor name: علي حسين مكي الكبيسي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Kerbala - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Abstract: This study was conducted on the 1350 stool samples from diarrhea - suffering patients in three provinces of middle Euphrates region : Karbala, Babel and Al - Najaf (450 samples in each province). Patients ranged in age from 1 to more than 60 years and from both sexes and different regions who were attended to some hospitals, dispensaries and private laboratories in these provinces during the period from the first of May 2013 till the end of April 2014. All collected fresh samples were examined microscopically by wet - mounts method for G. l a mbl i a and E n ta m oeba histolytica detection One third of positive samples in microscopic examination (which was selected to be representative for all positive samples) from each province and ten of negative one as control group were submitted to the nucleic acid (DNA) extraction. Molecular diagnosis of G. l ambl i a and E. h i s to l yti ca were performed using PCR reaction with amplification of the 532 - bp and 355 - bp fragments from the internal transcribed spacer region1 ITS1 for each parasite respectively. The eluted DNA of each positive sample in ITS1 test with its specific primer was also submitted to a traditional PCR and RT - PCR techniques for detection two genes in G. l a m b l ia { Glycoprotein A Repetitions Predominant (GARP) and Adenosine Triphosphate Guanine Tri Phosphate (ATP/GTP) } and two genes in E. histolytica {Acetatekinase (ACK) and Methionine GammaLyase (MGL)} using PCR and RT - PCR techniques. Five positive PCR products in ITS1 test of G. la m blia were used for sequencing. Based on the results of this study, microscopic examination showed that the total percentages of infection with G. l am bl ia were (14.7, 17.3, 16) % and with E. histolytica were (15.1, 13.3, 16.7) % in Karbala, Babel PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.comand Al - Najaf respectively. The infection with G. l am bli a and E. histolytica was more frequent in males than in females and the prevalence of both parasites in rural areas was higher than the urban areas P < 0.05 in all studied provinces. The highest incidence of infection with G. lamblia occurred in age group 11 - 20 years (P < 0.01) and that with E. histolytica occurred in age group (1 - 10) years (P < 0.05) in all studied provinces. This study was revealed uneven percentages of infection with both parasites during different months of a year (P < 0.01), the highest rate of infection with G. lamb l ia and E. h i s t o l y ti ca were in summer. For the molecular diagnosis of G. l a mbl ia and E. hi s t ol y t i ca, using PCR technique, the prevalence of G. l amb l ia and E. his t o l y ti c a in middle Euphrates region were found to be 14.9 % and 12.8 % respectively. The infection with G. l a m b lia and E. hi stol y t i c a was more frequent in male (62.7, 63.8) % than in female (37.3, 36.2)%, the prevalence of the parasites in rural area (67.2, 69.0)% was higher than the urban area (32.8, 31.0) %, the highest incidence of infection occurred in age groups 1120 and 1 - 10 years with the percentages of (28.4, 29.3) %, the highest rates of infection were in August (20.9%) and July (19.0%) respectively. Significant differences were found between the rate of infection with both G. l a m bl i a and E. hi stol y t i ca and the different parameters (gender, residence, age gropes and months of a year). The results of detection the gens (GARP, ATP/GTP, ACK, MGL) by using PCR technique showed that the total percentages of positive samples were (55.0, 70.0, 45.0, 75.0) %, (62.5, 79.2, 47.0, 70.6) % and (65.2, 73.9, 61.9, 71.4) % in samples of Karbala, Babel and Al - Najaf respectively while those percentages by using RT - PCR were (60.0, 80.0, 50.0, 80.0) %, (66.7, 83.3, 58.8, 82.4) % and (65.2, 78.3, 66.7, 71.4) % respectively. For the detection of genes in G. l am bl ia, sensitivities of 91.8 % and 97.8 % and specificities of 94.6 % and PDF created with pdfFactory Pro trial version www.pdffactory.com81.4% for PCR and RT - PCR respectively were observed when compared to each others, While Sensitivities of 89.9 % and 98.6% and specificities of 97.3 % and 81.8 % for PCR and RT - PCR respectively for the detection of genes in E. hi sto l y t i c a were observed when compared to each others. Multiple sequence alignment analysis and phylogenetic analysis results of this study demonstrated that the G. l ambl ia in Middle Euphrates region - Iraq isolates had nucleotide homology sequence identity percent of 99% with Giardia intestin a l i s (AF199448.1) Australia isolate and with USA isolate Giardia microti

التغيرات الدموية والكيموحيوية والنسجية في الدجاج المحلي المصاب تجريبيا بالقمل العاض وعلاقته بنقل طفيلي مقوسات كونداي في الدجاج == Haematological, Biochemical And Histopathological Changes In Experimentally Infected Local Chickens With Biting Lice, And Its Relationship In Transmission of Toxoplasma Gondii In Chickens

Author name: فاطمة ابراهيم محمد الليباوي

Supervisor name: هادي مدلول حمزة الميالي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: صممت الدراسة الحالية لمعرفة التغيرات الدموية والكيموحيوية والنسجية الناجمة عن الاصابة التجريبية بالقمل العاض Biting lice وكذلك لاثبات دور القمل في نقل طفيلي المقوسة الكوندية Toxoplasma gondiiمن الطيور المصابة الى الطيور السليمة للمدة من الاول من شهر تشرين | The current study was designed to showed the haematological, biochemical and histological changes caused by experimentally infection with biting lice, as well as to prove the role of lice in the transmission of Toxoplasma gondii parasite from infected to healthy birds for the period from November 2013 to June 2014. 30 bird were taken from the chickens local chicks Gallus gallus domesticus aged one week purchased from local markets of AL - Diwaniya city divided into three groups included of each 10 birds (two experimentally groups and one control group) it was hit by lice from naturally infected chickens and then measured blood, biochemical parameters and histological changes at the end of experiment about seven months. Then we collected 30 bird from adult local chickens Gallus gallus domestics at age greater than 4 months and infected with dense lice from markets of AL - Diwaniya city, All samples tested by serological test using Latex Agglutination Test to detects of Toxolasma gondii parasite, 17 samples were positive for Toxoplasma gondii parasite with percentage 56.66% and the highest proportion in the birds recorded at the standard 1/80 (41.17%) and the lowest proportion at standard 1/40, 1/640 reached (5.88%) for both. Four species of biting lice isolation after end of the experiment include, Menacanthus stramineus, Menacanthus cornutus, Menopon gallinae and Goniocotes gallinae at infected percentage 53.59%, 17.37%, 22.57%, 6.45% respectively. Results showed the blood parameters at end of the experiment significantly decreased in the number of red blood cells2.29(x106/mm3), packed cell volume 37.99%, Haemoglobin 9.52(g/dl) and Mean corpuscular Haemoglobin concentration 29.09(g/dl) while showed significantly increased in Mean corpuscular volume 143.23(µ/m3), Mean corpuscular Haemoglobin 47.32(pg) and blood platelets24.36(x103/mm3), and the results showed significantly increased in white blood cells count144.05(x103/mm3), percentageMonocytes 9.10%, Eosinophils4.82%, Neutrophils2.80% and significantly decreased in percentage Lymphocytes67.43%. The results showed biochemical parameters significantly decreased Glucose and Cholesterol concentration and significantly increased in uric acid and Total protein concentration and non - significantly increased in creatinin concentration. The pathological changes caused by infection in two group experiment showed abnormal behavioral changes in infected birds with lice such as instability, constant irritability as well as tweezing and the frequent use of the beak, legs and moving the wings as well as the lack of eating and decrease of weight. The results also show the occurrence pathological gross changes in the birds represented by molt of feather and appearance nacked areas free of feather as well as redness and inflammation of the areas of the skin as a result of wounds and scratches and haemorrhage as well as incidence of histological changes in each of (skin, muscle, liver, kidney, spleen, small intestine and lungs) represented by proliferation fibrous connective tissue in layer of the dermis and infiltration of inflammatory cells as well as hyperplasia in epithelial layer of the epidermis also appeared degeneration and necrosis of the muscle fibers where appeared free nuclei with infiltration of inflammatory cells out of the blood vessels in addition to the appearance bleeding within the muscle fibers in the liver there appeared congestion of central veins with loss of the geometric structure of the liver tissue and infiltration of inflammatory cells near the central vein with fatty degeneration of the liver cells as happened atrophy of the intestinal villi and crashing and alienation in the villi that lining the vertical cells. in the kidney, noted presence of severe bleeding in the renal tissue and necrosis of the cell lining of renal tubules twisted with atrophy of the renal glomeruli. in the spleen, the results showed atrophy an exhausted pulp white with severe proliferation in red pulp and incidence of hemorrhage and necrosis widely in the lymphoid tissue of the spleen. also the air sacs appeared in lungs full of red blood cells with a large clot inside a blood vessel. Finally, according to the results of molecular analysis of tissue of biting lice from species Menacanthus stramineus using conventional polymerase chain reaction PCR to the emergence of gene diagnostic B1(399bp) specific Toxoplasma gondii parasite in 12 sample of the total samples tested, about 22 samples percentage 54.54% which indicates presence of the parasite and the lice ability to transfer parasite within his body parts

التشخيص الجزيئي وخصوصية المضيف لداء الابواغ الخبيئة Cryptosporidiosis في بعض انواع الطيور البرية والداجنة ود راسة الاصابة التجريبية في الفئران البيض == Molecular Diagnosis And Host Specificity For Cryptosporidiosis In Some Species of Wild And Domestic Birds And Study of Experimental Infection In White Mice

Author name: اخلاص عباس مرهون الزبيدي

Supervisor name: غيداء عباس جاسم الجبوري

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate of Cryptosporidiosis in some wild and domestic birds, and study some concerned aspect of it such as : Host specificity for Cryptosporidium spp., histo - pathological changes which parasite produced it and molecular analysis for this species. To attainment this purpose we applied our study in three major parts : The First part : Investigation of Cryptosporidium in birdsA total of 236 birds were collected from different regions of Al - Diwaniya province between May 2013 to June 2014, Birds included six species which are : 22 sample from Turkey (Meleagris gallopova), 60 from Quail (Coturnix coturnix) , 40 from Domestic chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus), 52 from Caged chicken(Gallus gallus), 32 from Common duck (Anas platyrhynchos) and 30 from Feral pigeon (Columba livia). Fecal and bile samples which took from birds were examined by used hot modified Zeihl - Nelseen stain.Results revealed that the birds were infected with two types of Cryptosporidiosis : Intestinal and Biliary Cryptosporidiosis (58.1% and 12.7% respectively).Our study recorded four species belong to Cryptosporidium be responsible for intestinal type which are : C.parvum, C.meleagridis, C.baileyi and C.galli, While just the first three species of them were be responsible for biliary type.Also results showed that no significant difference according to gender of birds in infection with two types of Cryptosporidiosis, while showed a significant difference to study's months in infection, the highest ratio of Intestinal type was in March and April (87.5% and 89.3% respectively) and the lower ratio was in July, it reached 27.8% ; While the highest ratio of biliary type was in April, it reached 39.3%.Also results revealed that all cases of Biliary type were light infection, while the severity of infection with Intestinal type was between heavy and light infection. Quail birds showed a significant difference in severity infection compared with other birds, it was higher in quail which reached 60.9% and lower in common duck(30.0%) and there was no heavy infection in feral pigeon. when reading of preparation histological sections from : intestinal, fabricious bursa and bile sac, the results showed a histological changes that parasite induced it which included : hyperplasia in infection's regions, necrosis and destroyed in infected cells with infiltration of inflammation cells.The second part : Experimental studyTo test a host specificity and to know how incidence of cross transmission of Cryptosporidium species which isolated from birds to human, therefore the laboratory mice were dosage with the four species of parasite and then we determinate of : susceptible of age group to infection, prepatent period and histological changes in experimentally infected mice.Result showed that cross transmission could happened for three species of Cryptosporidium that infected birds to lab. mice which are : C.parvum, C.meleagridis and C.baileyi with total ratio 30% and showed a significant difference compared with control group, and the results recorded a mortality ratio in infected mice (7.5%).The probability of mammalian infection by Cryptosporidium spp. which isolated from birds in our study represent the first record in Iraq. C.parvum and C.meleagridis showed loss of host specificity whereas C.baileyi was opportunist in his ability to infect another host beside their ordinary host (birds), while C.galli showed a high specificity for its host.The third part : Molecular studyThis part in our study studied for the first time in Iraq, which contains the diagnosis of Cryptosporidium species that infected birds and their genetic analysis through : DNA sequence analysis of species by used small subunit ribosomal RNA gene (18SrRNA), read of phylogenetic tree of these species and do comparison among genetic trees according to : original host (birds), experimental host (infected mice) and to their parasitic site in their ordinary host.The phylogenic tree of parasite species was drown by used MEGA6 program, the results of neighboring tree revealed two major branches : First branch include C.galli while the second branch include the other three species. Also genetic tree showed presence of two difference strains of C.parvum can infected the birds with neighboring ratio between them reached to 82% and the same thing was found for C.meleagridis but with neighboring ratio reached to 70%.The reading of phylogenetic tree showed that all species of studied birds can infection with isolated Cryptosporidium species excepting C.galli which just isolate from domestic chicken and C.meleagridis which found parasite only in turkey and quail.Results of genetic analysis of neighboring tree among species according to parasitic sites in infected birds showed similarity between species which isolated from fecal and bile, which are : C.parvum, C.meleagridis and C.baileyi, this result corroborate the ability of these species to transfer their infection from intestine to bile sac.The results of comparative concerned with isolated species from infected mice's fecal(experimental host) and from birds' fecal (ordinary host), results showed similarity among three species which isolated from mice's fecal with their analogous species isolated from birds' fecal which are : C.parvum, C.meleagridis and C.baileyi, while C.galli doesn't have ability to infect mice which dosage it.Finally the result of this study give evidence to ability of cross transmission for these three species from the class : Aves to the class : Mammalian, So this fact give to us a hygienic indication for probability of human infection with these species.

تقييم الفعالية المضادة للاكسدة والمضادة لحيوية الاطوار المختلفة لذبابة المنزل Musca domestica L. للمستخلص المائي لمخلفات العنب Vitis vinifera L. == Evaluation of The Antioxidant And The Activity Against The Viability of Various Stages of The Domestic Fly Musca Domestica L. For The Water Extracts of Grape Pomace Vitis Vinifera L

Author name: محمد قاسم بلاسم الخيلاني

Supervisor name: عبد اللطيف مولان محمد

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Diyala - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Diyala

First pages:

Abstract: لقد تم تحديد المحتوى الفينولي الكلي للمركبات الفينولية Total phenolic content والفعالية المضادة للاكسدة Antioxidant activity لمخلفات نوعين من العنب (Vitis vinifera) (ديس العنز والشدة السوداء) التي تم الحصول عليها بعد استخلاص عصير العنب وهي القشور والبذور | The total phenolic contents (TPC) and the antioxidant activity of the pomaces and their components (seeds and peels) of two Iraqi grape cultivars (Shadda Black and Des - Alanez) were determined. Four types of solvents were used in the extraction in order to select the best way of extraction of the phenolic compounds. In addition, the insecticidal activity of the water extracts of the pomaces, seeds and peels against different stages of the life cycle of housefly, Musca domestica, was evaluated via studying the effects of the water extracts on egg hatching, the development of the first instar (L1) larvae into pupae and adult flies, and on the viability of the third instar (L3) larvae and pupae. The results of the present study showed that the extracts prepared in the 5% HCl solutions contained the highest (P<0.05) amounts of phenolic compounds followed by those prepared in hdyro - ethanolic solutions (50% with water, v/v), then the extracts prepared in boiling distilled water, while those prepared in normal distilled water (at room temperature) showed the lowest amounts of phenolic compounds. A similar trend of activity was observed for the antioxidant activity via the ability to scavenge the synthetic free radical (2, 2 - diphenyl - 1 - picrylhydrazyl; DPPH). This correlation between the total phenolic contents of the grape pomaces, seeds, and peels and their antioxidant activities clearly indicates that the phenolic compounds are the main contributors for the antioxidant activity. It is important to mention that the TPC of the pomaces, seeds, and peels of the Des - Alanez cultivar were significantly higher (P<0.05 - 0.001) than their counterparts of the Shadda cultivar.The insecticidal activity was evidenced by the ability of the water (boiling) extracts of the pomaces, seeds, and peels of the two cultivars to inhibit the hatching of the housefly eggs at very low concentrations. At 150 microgram (µg)/ml, the crude water extracts from the powdered pomaces, seeds, and peels were able to inhibit completely the hatching of the eggs (100% inhibition) when compared with the eggs in the control group (exposed to water only). The water extracts of the pomaces, seeds, and peels of the two cultivars showed inhibitory effects against the viability of the L3 larvae as evidenced by their ability to paralyze or kill the larvae and this ability increases significantly with increasing the exposure time (P< 0.05) and concentration (P< 0.05). The results also revealed that the ability of extracts of the seeds of the two cultivars to paralyze or kill the L3 larvae was significantly higher (P< 0.5 - 0.001) than the extracts of the pomaces and peels, especially at the higher concentrations.The results of the current study also showed the capacity of the water extracts of pomaces, seeds, and peels of the two cultivars to affect the development of pupae into adult flies and this capacity depends on the exposure time and the by - product and increases significantly (P< 0.05 - 0.001) with increasing the exposure time. Moreover, the ability of the seeds extracts from both cultivars to inhibit the transformation of the pupae into adult flies was significantly higher (P< 0.001) than the ability of the extracts of the pomaces and peels, and at all the exposure times.Concerning the results of the last series of the laboratory experiments which are considered the most important experiments in this study because they simulate field conditions, two treatment placement locations were selected, top of the manure and bottom of manure (under about 5 cm of manure). For top treatment, 50 grams of manure were placed in the plastic cup and then 5% or 10% of the powdered pomaces, seeds or peels were sprinkled on the top of the manure. For bottom treatment, the same amounts of powdered by - products were sprinkled on the bottom of the cup and then 50 g of manure were added to the cup. A similar quantity of untreated manure was used as a control. The results of these experiments showed that the powdered pomaces, seeds, and peels have the ability to inhibit the development of the larvae into pupae and adult flies and this ability depends on the location of the products and the grape cultivar. The results also revealed that the addition of the powdered materials of both cultivars on top of the manure inhibited significantly more (P<0.05 - 0.001) L1 larvae from reaching the pupa and adult stages in comparison with their counterparts which had been added at the bottom of the manure. Contrary to our expectations, the powdered pomaces, seeds and peels of both cultivars showed inhibitory effect against the L1 larvae when added on bottom of the manure which may indicate that the phenolic compounds present in the powdered materials can mix and bind with the ingredients of the powdered by - products and affect the growth and development of the larvae into pupae and adult flies.It can be concluded that the grape pomaces and their ingredients, which are usually thrown in the bin, represent very good sources for phenolic compounds that have the ability to scavenge the free radicals and have insecticidal activity against different stages of the housefly, Musca domestica.

تقييم الاستجابة المناعية عند المرضى المصابين بالجرب في محافظة النجف == Evaluation of Immune Response In Scabietic Patients In Najaf Governorate

Author name: ملاك ماجد عبد الامير الموسوي

Supervisor name: هادي رسول حسن | ازر هادي ملوكي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Kufa - College Of Science - Department Of Biology

Language: English

University location: Najaf

First pages:

Abstract: اجريت الدراسة الحالية في محافظة النجف في الفترة الممتدة مابين شباط 2012 لغاية تشرين الثاني 2013 في العيادة الاستشارية للجلدية في مدينة الصدر الطبية وكليتي العلوم والتربية للبنات في جامعة الكوفة. كان عدد المصابين بالجرب الذين ارتادوا العيادة الاستشارية لل | The present study was carried out in Najaf governorate, during the period from February 2012 till November 2013 in Dermatology Outpatient Clinic in Al - Sader Medical City, College of Science and College of Education for Girls in Kufa University. The number of scabietic patients who attended the outpatient clinic during February to November 2012 were 300 (168 males and 132 females). Their ages ranged from 10 to 65 years. They were included to show the prevalence of scabies. Sixty scabietic patients (out of 300 patients) who did not have allergic diseases, helminthic infections, previous attack with scabies, and/or getting any antihistamines drugs were included for human IL - 1?, TNF - ?, IL - 4, IL - 5 and total IgE assays using ELISA technique; superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity assay and eosinophils(%). These assays were applied on scabietic patients (who were divided according to onset of symptoms or duration of scabies symptoms into early and late scabietic patients) as well as healthy controls.Also Sarcoptes scabiei mite proteins were extracted. Then heat stable mite proteins concentration was determined by Bradford’s method. SDS - Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS - PAGE) analysis was used. The activity of mite allergens was assayed by skin prick test (SPT) in 10 scabietic patients and 5 controls with 1.2 ?g/ml and 2.4 ?g/ml. House dust mite (HDM) antigens were skin prick tested in patients with scabies and controls.The prevalence of scabies in current study constituted 6.54% from all the dermatoses which attended the clinic. The males represented 56% and females were 44%. The age group (10 - 19) years was the highest prevalence of scabies (41.7%). Early scabietic patients represented 72% versus late scabietic patients were 28%. The results revealed that a highly significant elevation (p< 0.001) in serum cytokines (IL - 1?, TNF - ?, IL - 4 and IL - 5) as well as IgE, SOD and eosinophils (%) in the two groups of scabietic patients in comparison to the controls.Results of correlation demonstrated that IgE, SOD and eosinophils (%) were positively and significantly correlated (p< 0.001) with the studied cytokines in early, late scabietic and control groups. IgE was positively correlated with IL - 1?, TNF - ?, IL - 4 and IL - 5 in early scabietic patients, whereas, it had negative correlation with IL - 1?, TNF - ?, and positive correlation with IL - 4 and IL - 5 in late ones. SOD showed negative correlation with IL - 1? and TNF - ?, and positive correlation appeared with IL - 4 and IL - 5 in both scabietic patients. Eosinophils (%) were positively correlated with all the studied cytokines in two groups of scabietic patients.The results also revealed that SDS - PAGE profile of the parasite heat stable proteins consisted of protein bands with molecular weights ranged from less than 10 to over than 100 kDa. Skin test demonstrated that (7/10, 70%) and (8/10, 80%) of scabietic patients had a positivity against 1.2 ?g/ml and 2.4 ?g/ml of sarcoptic mite extracts, respectively when prick tested. HDM extract was found to be positive in (4/10, 40%) of scabietic patients; while controls revealed negative result.It can be concluded that scabies affect TH1 and TH2 immune response as well as SOD activity and eosinophils. Sarcoptic proteins contain heat stable allergens which able to cause immediate type - 1 hypersensitivity when 1.2?g/ml of mite protein is skin prick tested, and there is a cross reactivity between Sarcoptes scabiei and HDM allergens

استخدام التراكم الحيوي للعناصر الثقيلة في انسجة الديدان المتطفلة على نوعين من اسماك المياة العذبة في محافظة القادسية == The Usage of Bio - Accumulation of Heavy Meyals In Tissues of Parasitic Helminthes of Two Types of Fresh Waters Fishes In Al - Qadisiya Governorat.

Author name: عاصفة مطرود ياسين المياحي

Supervisor name: هادي مدلول حمزة الميالي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: اجريت الدراسة الحالية في اربعة انهار ضمن محافظة القادسية هي نهرالديوانية والشامية والحمزة وعفك, اذ جمعت 945 سمكة تعود لنوعين من الاسماك هما الشبوط الاعتيادي Barbus grypus والخشني Liza abu وبعــد فحصها وجـد ان 205 سمكة مـن اسماك الشبوط الاعتيادي و344 سمكة | The present study has been conducted in four parts of AL - Qadisiya (Diwaniya center, Shamiya, Hamza and Afaq). A sample of 945 fish of Barbus grypus and Liza abu has been examined. It was found that 205 of the Barbus grypus fish and 344 of the Liza abu were infected with parasitic intestinal worms. Some parasitic intestinal worms have been detected such as the Neoechinorynchus iraqensis in both fish types. The female paulisentus in Barbus grypus, Bothriocephalus acheilognathi were found in both Barbus grypus, Liza abu and the larva of Contracaecum spp was seen in the Liza abu and Barbus grypus type. In Diwaniya river had high infection of both fish types was 61.31%. The Barbus grypus fish were recorded with 70.11% while the Liza abu fish infection was 57.21%.. In Hamza river the total percentage of infection was 56.79 % in both types. The Liza abu infection in the four parts of Diwaniya as 56.30%. In September the infection percentage was higher by 63.21% in the two kinds of fish. while in February, December the infection rate was as low as 50%. It was also found that length categories of (26 - 24.1)cm of Barbus grypus had high percentage of 67.16%, while the length category (28 - 26.1) cm suffered 64.47% infection with intestinal worms in the length category (> - 30.1) was 22.22%.As for the Liza abu it had a high percentage of infection in length category (12 - 10.1) cm, the percentage was 67.53% and dropped to 46.53% in length category (8 - 6)cm.The present study has discovered many pathological changes (visable and microscopic)caused by the intestinal worms, Among the visable changes was embolism and bleeding of the walls of the infected intestinal microscopic changes included an increase in the phlogistic and phagocytic cell and ruining of the internal tissue lining the intestines and atrophy villi.Eight heavy metals were measured.They included Cadmium, Lead, Zinc, Nickel, Copper, Manganese, Mercuryand Chromiumby means of an atomic absorption spectrophotometer tissues from the a forementioned types of fish were measured for these heavy metals these tissues were from the liver, muscles, gills, two kinds of intestinal worms (Cestode and Nematode) were measured also water and sediments (deposits) from four districts of Diwaniya throughout the year, Cadmium registered high concentrations in autumn (12.67) Mg/ gm in the liver of the Barbus grypus. lower concentrations of Cadmium were registered in Winter (1.30) Mg/ gm in the liver of Liza abu.The Barbus grypus livers had high concentrations of lead in autumn (21.03) Mg/ gm in Hamza rivers, where as gills of the Liza abu registered lower concentrations(6.43) Mg/gm in spring.The livers of the Barbus grypus registered high concentrations of zine in autumn which where (32.27)Mg/ gm in Hamza river. Shamiya river they dropped to 21.17 Mg/ gm in spring, It was observed that Nickel had high concentrations in the livers of both fish types, The highest of which was in autumn, the the Hamza river had the highest concentrations in autumn which were (29.17, 28.63, 27.67) Mg/gm.In spring the nickel concentrations were low in the gills of the Liza abu11.10 Mg/ gm in Shamiya river, The livers of the Barbus grypus had the most concentrations of copper which reached 2.02 Mg/ gm while livers of the Liza abu had 1.92 Mg/ gm concentrations in autumn in Hamza river.Manganese showed low concentrations in the Liza abu gills in winter and spring they ranged (1.67, 1.73) in Shamiya river, manganese concentrations increased in autumn and summer to reach (14.83, 10.07) Mg/ gm in the Liza abu liver and (15.13, 10.57) Mg/ gm in the muscles of the Barbus grypus in Hamza river, Marcury had the lowest concentrations 24.37 Mg/ gm in the gills of Liza abu in Afaq river, It was observed that the livers of the Barbus grypus were more vulnerable, the highest concentrations was registered 49.97 Mg/ gm in Hamza river followed by Diwaniya which registered 48.97 Mg/m in autumn. Chromium registered lowest concentrations compared to the other metals,.cestodes isolated from the Barbus grypus registered high of mercury concentrations that reached 37.667 and 37.300 Mg/ gm in Hamza and Diwaniya rivers, chrome concentrations was low in the tape worms 0.166 Mg/ gm while nematodes, the concentrations was 0.157 Mg/ gm in Shamiya river.cestoda and nematodais isolated from the intestines of Liza abu registered high concentrations in autumn, cestoda had the most of the concentrations of heavy metals, Mercury and nickel had high concentrations of (35.783, 25.840) Mg/gm, copper and chrome had lower concentrations(1.881, 0.174) Mg/gm inHamza river, nematode registered high concentrations that reached 33.994 Mg/ gm in mercury in Hamza river.As for the rivers sediments Autumn was the most effected by heavy metals for the sediments in Hamza river had high concentrations in Manganese, mercury, and chrome (367, 376.97, 290.93) Mg/ gm respectively while the lowest concentrations was for copper 22.53 Microgram/gram in Shamiya river in spring. The rivers water registered low concentrations of heavy metals in spring, The Shamiya river had low concentrations of lead and cadmium (80.57, 54.60) Mg/gm, autumn registered higher concentrations compared to spring where the highest concentration of manganese and Copper was (512.37, 442.83) Mg / gm in Hamza river.

دراسة التغيرات الهرمونية ومعايير الخصوبة وامكانية الانتقال الجنسي في ذكور الجرذان المصابة تجريبيا بطفيلي المقوسة الكوندية == Study of Hormonal Changes And Fertility Parameters And The Possibility of Sexual Transmission In Male Rats Experimentally Infection By Toxoplasma Gondii Parasite

Author name: مي ناجي كاظم الخناق

Supervisor name: غيداء عباس جاسم الجبوري

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: هدفت الدراسة الحالية الى اثبات العلاقة بين الاصابة بداء المقوسات وحالات ضعف الخصوبة عند الذكور من خلال دراسة التغيرات في المعايير التكاثرية والهرمونات التكاثرية والتغيرات المرضية النسجية للحيوانات المصابة تجريبا بطفيلي المقوسة الكوندية Toxoplasma gondii, | The present study aimed to demonstrate the relationship between toxoplasmosis and cases of low fertility in males by examining changes in reproductive parameters, reproductive hormones and histopathological changes of experimentally infected rats, the study also aimed to prove the case of the venereal transmission of parasite from male to female and vice versa. The study carried out in three phases, the first phase includes determining the infection rate of the parasite for men who suffer from low fertility rate, as it has been serologically detecting the presence of IgG antibodies to the parasite by ELISA technique in the laboratory of parasites / College of Veterinary Medicine in 46 serum samples of blood for men attend to the Center for Infertility Research embryos of the Faculty of Medicine / University of Al - Nahrain and Al - Zahra Hospital and particular laboratories in Wasit province, who proved to have a laboratory case of weakness in reproductive parameters of semen in the rate of infection was 34.78%, then was to investigate the level of reproductive hormones (testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone), it was the men who had lower levels of these hormones 58.33% and 50% and 1.664%, respectively. The second phase included the parasite Toxoplasma gondii isolated from placental samples of aborted women and brain samples of local chicken after confirming the presence of the parasite in those samples by impression smear, As to isolate the parasite the samples was catting and grinding, filtered and centrifugation after it was suspended in physiological solution at three times.These isolates were used for experimental infection in 60 of the male albino rats norvegicus Rattus age (60_70) days and an average of weights 200_250 grams injected each of them within the peritoneum 0.3ml each animal and containing 100 cysts, 30 of which form the suspension of placenta and 30 from the suspension brain of local chicken in rats experimental infection, injection of 10 for each of the male rats and 10 female rats by suspension of placenta for experimental infection and after seven weeks of infection, put 10 healthy females with males infected experimentally and 10 healthy males with infected female for the purpose of mating to ensure for the transition infection of the parasite sexually and then confirm infection by using the direct smear (impression) and the Real - Time polymerase chain reaction technique and histological sections in the experience of experimental infection and transitional infection of parasite. It emerged the effective of infection on reproductive parameters in experimentally infected rats as negative recorded changes represented in the weights of reproductive organs, sperm concentration, motility, viability and the percentage of abnormalities compared with control group and in significant differences in 0.05 except the sperm motility which recorded significant differences in animals injected with suspension of brain domestic chicken and no significant differences in animals injected with suspension of placenta, also recorded the absence of sperm in the semen of infected rats by 40% in each of the animals that were injected placenta and injected samples of the brain of domestic chicken, as it was for the transmission of the infection to the male effect on reproductive parameters sperm in all reproductive parameters in study and significant difference for all parameters except the sperm motility compared with control group in significant differences in 0.05.With regard to the rates of sex hormones (LH, FSH, T) has recorded a significant decrease of the animals experimentally infection, which amounted to 4.588, 4.648, 6.657, either male rats venereal infected there was a decrease in the levels of hormones three significant differences and rates of 4.762, 5.644, 2.21, respectively, compared with control group which recorded 10.514, 12.210, 10.576, respectively, as rates were hormones low for normal level in females venereal infected except hormone LH as record rate 8.132 higher than the average private control group, which amounted to 5.335, as the rates of hormone (FSH, T) for females venereal infected 2.901, 5.596, respectively, compared to the control group, which recorded 4.71, 1.79, respectively.The initial diagnosis of the infection by using the impression smear method and its emphasis by molecular diagnosis REALTIME PCR technique, as was the incidence100% of the first method, either way in the second technique in rats injected with Suspension parasite of placenta 90% while it was 100% in rats injected parasite brain domestic chicken, the percentage of infection was varied in organs as recorded lowest infection in the first group in the liver and the testis was 20% either the highest percentage recorded in the semen and 90% either in brain samples was 26%, while the lowest infection for the second group it was 20% in the liver, brain and testis either the highest proportion it was 100% of the semen, and whend vice versa, in 100% for both groups by imprassion smear method, either way RT.PCR was recorded the percentage of infection in uninfected females which mated with infected males 100% divided by the organs as the lowest infection recorded in the uterus was 30% and the highest rate of infection was in the liver, brain was 100% either ovary was the presence of parasite in which 60%, while the incidence of total uninfected male who have been mated experimentally infected female100% divided by the organs as the highest rate of infection was in semen was 100% and either in the liver there have been no cases were positive remember and so the infection was 0% either infection rates recorded for the tissue of the brain and testis were 40%, 50%, respectively, either with regard to prove the existence of the parasite, depending on tissue sections of these tissues have been diagnosed with the parasite in addition to histological pathological changes occur where the male rats experimentally infected and all of the male and female in experience. As the percentage of pregnancies in the two groups of animals mating 35%, the percentage of infection in newborn brain has reached100%, which proves the case of vertical transmission of the parasite for newborns of infected mother parasite

التتابع الجيني لطفيليات Entamoeba histolytica, E. dispar and E. Moshkoviskii في محافظة القادسية == Phylogenetic Sequeincing For Spesies Entamoeba Histolytica, E. Dispar, E. Moshkoviskii In Al - Qadisiya Province

Author name: هبة رياض جميل العبودي

Supervisor name: هادي مدلول حمزة الميالي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة للمدة من بداية اذار 2014 والى نهاية ايلول 2014 وشملت على مراجعين مستشفى الديوانية العام ومستشفى النسائية والاطفال في محافظة القادسية ومختبرات التحليل الاهلية في المحافظة, وقد تم فحص679 عينة براز باستخدام طريقة المسحة المباشرة لمختلف الفئ | This study has been conducted for the period from the first of March 2014 until September 2014 and included the auditors to Diwaniya General Hospital and Women's Hospital and children in the province of Diwaniya and civil analytical laboratories in the province. A sample of 679 of auditors' stool have been examined by using the direct swab from different age groups and both sexes. The study shows that 61.26% of people have been infected by screened amoeba parasite. Real time PCR was used in this study to diagnose Amoeba species in 200 samples. Result shows that Entamoeba histolytica had highest percentage of incident followed by Entamoeba dispar then Entamoeba moshkoviskii, which were 74 %, 26 %, and 7 % respectively.Statistical level of ?=0.05presents significant differences between then. Percentage of positive molecular test samples was higher than the negative ones; they were 88% and 12%. Molecular diagnoses were used in this study. E. histolytica had highest individual incident followed by E.disbar then E. moshkoviskii : 56% 10%, and 1% respectively. Using significant level of 0.05, significant differences were appeared. Rates of mixed infections of E. histolytica + E. dispar followed by E. moshkoviskii + histolytica then E. moshkoviskii + E. dispar, which were 14%, 4%, and 2% respectively. Statistics shows significant differences between them at ? =0.05. Symptoms of individual incident of the three Amoeba sorts were observed and recorded. Patients who had E. histolytica, severed from acute diarrhea that ranged between mucous and watery texture, which its color contrast between brown and reddish brown. They had bloody diarrhea and abdominal pain that ranged from severe to moderate colic. They had also slight temperature increase and weight loss. For those who had E.disbar, abdominal pain and frequent pale yellow diarrhea that semi - aqueous texture were recorded. Symptoms of : moderate yellowish brown snotty diarrhea, abdominal pain and, weight loss were observed for those who had E. moshkoviskii. R.T.PCR (Taqman Probe) was used to isolate samples and to investigate the three pathogenic virulence genes, which are Cystiene Proteinase, Amebopore, and Gal/Gal Nac Lectin. This was done in each of Amoeba’s species using R.T.PCR (Syber Green). According to it, E. histolytica possesses Cystiene Proteinase 1, Amebopore, and Gal/Gal Nac Lectin at 86.6%, 80.35%, and 42.8% respectively. Non - significant differences were found at ? =0.05 between them. For E.disbar, result shows existence of the same pathogenic virulence genes at percentages of 65%, 45%, and 20% respectively. Result presents significant differences among percentage of genes isolation for the pathogenic virulence factors at ? =0.05. E. moshkoviskii had these three pathogenic virulence genes at percentage of 33.3% by isolating the virulence genes except Gal/Gal Nac Lactin, there were significant differences among them at ? =0.05. This study was conducted to understand the molecular characterization confirmatory of the three types of insulators parasite using traditional enzyme chain polymerize reaction as a first stage to investigate the 18s ribosomal RNA covenantal. It represents personal heritage of the three types of amoeba. Depending on the same gene, developed tree were analyzed for Amoeba’s species using method of Neighber - Joining among different groups of the stains for each species separately using MEGA6 program. Knowing convergence rates of the used stains and international isolators from NCBI, Blast program was used. Since there is no study has been done to study nitrogenous bases sequence for these three species, samples undertook molecular characterization confirmatory was registered in the national data base center (NCBI). International serial numbers were obtained and attached to the dissertation.

دراسة وبائية لاميبا النسج في مدينة كركوك وعلاقته بالجذور الحرة في مصل دم المصابين == Epidemiological Study On Entamoeba Histolytica In Kirkuk City And Its Relationship With Free Radicals In Blood Serum of Infected Persons

Author name: ليما طارق يواش لازار

Supervisor name: شهاب احمد محمد الجبوري | محمد عبد العزيز قادر

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Salahaddin

First pages:

Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية فحص 600 عينة غائط للمرضى المراجعين لمستشفى الاطفال في مدينة كركوك للفترة من 1/12/2010 الى 17/7/2011 للتحري عن طفيلي Entamoeba histolytica.تم فحص عينات الغائط بطريقة المسحة المباشر باستخدام المجهر الضوئي للكشف عن الاطوار المتغذية وال | The present study includes the examination of stool sample of patients attended pediatric hospital in Kirkuk city for period from 1st of December till 17th July 2011 for detection of Entamoeba histolytica.The stool samples were examined by direct wet mount method, using light microscope for detection of trophozoites and cysts stages of parasite. The study showed that the rate of infection with E. histolytica / E. dispar was 21.67% (130 of 600). The cystic stages were dominant in infected stool samples which being 53.85% (70 of 130), while the trophozoite stage was 15.38 % (20 of 130). The epidemiological survey based on direct stool examination showed the rate of infection among females was 23.07% (60 of 260) in comparison with males 20.59% (70 of 340). The highest rate of infection was among the age group 1 - 5 years 25.5% (69 of 270). The highest rate was also in children of illiterate parents 26.1% (68 of 260). The biochemical tests were carried out to estimate serum cholesterol, triglycerides, GOT, GPT, malondialdehyde (MDA) and selenium. The study showed that the level of serum cholesterol, triglycerides, GOT, GPT, malondialdehyde increased in infected patients in comparison with healthy controls, while the study showed decreased selenium concentration in infected patients in comparison with healthy controls. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was done to estimate serum IgG level for Entamoeba histolytica, the rate of seropositivity for IgG was 21.68% (18 of 83). The rate of IgG in positive sample was 17.73% (7 of 41) while in negative sample was 26.19% (11 of 42).

انتشار داء اللشمانية الجلدية في محافظة القادسية مع تقييم مدى الاسجابة للعلاج بعقار البنتوستام بطريقة RT - PCR == Prevalence of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis In Al - Qadissia Province And The Evaluation of Treatment Response By Pentostam With Rt - Pcr

Author name: رنا صالح صاحب محلول الدفاعي

Supervisor name: غيداء عباس جاسم الجبوري

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: Results of clinical and laboratory examination of 239 cases showed 55 infection cases in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and in infection proportion reaches at 23.01% out of the total number of the Cutaneous cases which are similar to Leishmaniasis during the months of the study. The Results also showed that the highest infection was recorded between the ages 1 - 10 years old and about 26 cases in 47.27% and between 10 - 20 years old about 17 cases in 30.9% and the lowerest was between 40 - 50 and 70 - 80 years old in one cases in 1.8%. The summit of the disease spread was in February for about 24 cases in 43.63% specially in AL - Hamza AL - Sharqi where the highest number of infection was recorded for about 23 cases in 41.81%. It is followed by AL - Shafiya for 10 cases in 18.18% and the lowerest was AL - Mhannawiya for one case in 1.8%. It has been clear that the number of the multiple epidemics is more than the individual ones in 70.5% while the latter in 29.98% respectively. It was focused on hands and legs in 50.35% and 24.46 %. The tissue test showed thick perspiration in the big infected pharynx and lymphatic cell in addition to the existence of abscess to the smash of the infected cell. Forty nine positive cases were found in 89.09% for the genetic material DNA which is connected with Leishmaniasis by mean of NestedPCR to identify the type results showed 47 samples which is L. major in 95.91% and to get sure by investigating the virulence factor lipophosphoglycan, proteophosphoglycan and cysteine protease it was found that all sample were positive in 100% as Leishmania. major. To know the affect of treatment pentostam on these samples, the standard proportion for the genetic patterns was calculated factor lipophosphoglycan, proteophosphoglycan and cysteine protease during five week. Results showed that there was a big difference for each gene in a solation during the period of treatment in a level of the possibility of (P?0.05) when used test LSD. and by comparing the three genes it was found that there was a meaningful between cysteine protease and the other two factor lipophosphoglycan, proteophosphoglycan and there wasn’t difference between lipophosphoglycan, proteophosphoglycan. Hence, it has been clear that the treatment pentostam has a big affect in parasite by its affect on the virulence factors and this explains that possibility of infection may happen again after having the treatment. The skin disease cutaneous Leishmaniasis is considered as one of the endemic parasitic diseases in Iraq. This study aims at identifying its prevalence and specifying the virulence factors in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis in order to define the type of disease reason and the affect of the treatment of Pentostam on the virulence factors lipophosphoglycan, Cysteine protease, proteophosphoglycans by means Real time - PCR

دراسة وبائية تشخيصية لداء اللشمانيا مع تحديد انماط الطفيل المسبب بواسطة تقنية PCR وتمييز الانواع الناقلة من ذبابة الرمل sand fly في محافظة ديالى == Epidemio Diagnostic Study For Leishmaniasis With Determination of Parasite Strain’s By PCR Technique And Morphologically Differmates The Species of Sand Fly Vector In Diyala Governorate

Author name: جابر عودة كاظم

Supervisor name: توفيق ابراهيم محمد الالوسي | عبد الله حسين عبد الله الجبوري

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Doctorate

University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Salahaddin

First pages:

Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية تسليط الضوءعلى انتشار داء اللشمانيا الجلدية والاحشائية المتسبب من قبل الطفيلي Leishmania spp في مناطق مختلفة في محافظة ديالى ودراسة الظروف البيئية المساهمة في انتشار المرض ومقارنة الفحوصات السريرية والمختبرية والمصلية المستخدمة في تش | The aims of present study to illuminate a light on visceral and cutaneous leishminiasis disease caused by leishminia Spp parasite as registered in Diyal Governorate, and study the environment condition which contributed in diffusion the disease and comparison the tests of clinical, Laboratory and serological tests which used in diagnosing with PCR technique test, the study included many steps. 1. The epidemiologically which is main to determine the rates of infection as registered in some district of Diyala province in according to the age, sex, and the month of the year so according to the environmental conditions : - 7200 samples of blood collected from many different ages persons from different districts in Diyala. (3009 males, 4011 females) are examined. The study shows a positive cases of 607 distributed among the districts including (Jalawlaa, Bani Saa'd, Baladruz, Baquba, Alodeim amd DeliAbbas) these register a highest percentage of infection in Jalawlaa sub - district about 12.8% and less percentage of infection are in Baquba about 1.3% whiel is register highest percentage of in infection were (>1 - 5) years about 13.2% and lower percentage infection (<5 - 10) years wuth rate 2.4% so the groups of ages (25 - 30) years didn't appear any infections. according to the gender the males are high from the females whom effected with this disease the number of males (432) case with rate 71, 1%. The number of infected females about 175 cases with rate 28.8%.while in the month of years were the male infection are a highest infection in January - 2012, but did not register any infection in (June and July). The environmental condition infective in prevalence the disease between the people whom resident the houses which breed the animals inside, the number of infections are 245 cases from 607 positive cases with rate 40.3%. This was the low rate 4.9% from the infected people because of rats in their hoses. which didn't kill them. 2. The comparison of diagnostic methods of clinical test, laboratory test and serological test, with the molecular methods from the direction of sensitivity and specificity, The studies results appeared the importance of clinical test subtle in case of a similar cases depend on the clinical symptoms there are a highest cases from clinical test that the children suffering from liver magle their number are 176 cases the rate 80.36%, but the lowest cases of clinical test are 59.19% whom suffered from a skin pallor and black. The laboratory tests appeared the blood picture through testing the 350cases whom suspicion in their infection with leishmaniasis, the number of whom suffering from the lower of WBC 73 with rate 34.2%, while the low cases are 6 with rate 2.82% from whom suffering from hipper ESR, but the serological test was IFAT, Dipsrtick, spotkala - azor, ELISA, KA tex LATEX. Diagnostic infection leishmaniasis a best in diagnostic disease is dipstick test it's sensitivity are 95%, but it's specificity 100% but the lowest is the test of LATEX, it's sensitivity 75% and specificity 80%.3. The Molecular methods : PCR technique test clear recently the new highest sensitivity in diagnosis when the number of the parasite are a little in the blood in the infections peoples whom choose in random way. when testing 100 samples of DNA from the infection with cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis, the number of infected male are 73, But the number of infected females are 27 with leishmaniasis. and studying the relation between PCR diagnosis according to the sex, age, district and environment condition, so as the recognize between the species of the parasite from the sequence Nitrogen basics with number in each species, (the species are L.donovani, L.infantum, L.tropica, L.major) so recognize the vector insect sand fly Morphology by key classification (ph.alexandri, ph.papatasi Ph.sergentasi, and sqauanlpleuris).

دراسة وبائية على طفيلي المشعرات المهبلية Trichomonas vaginalis وبعض الجراثيم المسببة للامراض المنقولة جنسيا وتاثير بعض المستخلصات النباتــيـــــة على نمو الطفيلي في الزجاج في مدينة كركوك == Epidemiological Study On Trichomonas Vaginalis & Some Associated Bacteria That Causing Sexual Transmitted Diseases & Effect of Some Herbal Extraction On The Parasite In Vitro In Kirkuk City

Author name: محسن عز الدين سليمان

Supervisor name: ابراهيم شعبان داوود | محمد عبد العزيز قادر

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: Tikrit University - College Of Science - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Salahaddin

First pages:

Abstract: بلغ العدد الكلي للعينات التي جمعت وفحصت للفترة من بداية شهر تموز 2007 الى نهاية شهر مايس 2008 (2345) عينة لكلا الجنسين مــن مستشفيات كركوك للتحري عن وبائية طفيلي المشــــــعرات المهبليـــــــــة Trichomonas vaginalis وبعض الجراثيم المسببة للامراض المنقو | A total (2345) specimens were collected & examined from both sexes, from the beginning of July 2007 till the end of May 2008 attending Kirkuk hospitals for epidemiological study of Trichomonas vaginalis & some sexual transmitted microorganisms. The vaginal examinations were done by gynecologist, two high vaginal swabs were taken from (250) women & a cervical swab from some women with vaginal discharge. General urine examination & blood group with Rh factor were performed for each woman with vaginal discharge. Direct microscopic examination, staining & culture of swabs were performed on different methods for diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis, followed to diagnose Candida albicans, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis & Treponema pallidum as well as some other bacterial groups. The rate of Trichomonas vaginalis was (2.8%) & Neisseria gonorrhoeae (0.8%), while no Chlamydia trachomatis & Treponema pallidum recorded in this study. The highest rate of Trichomonas vaginalis was among the age group between 15 - 29 years (3.6%), the rate of Trichomonas vaginalis infection was higher among illiterate (5.7%) than educated ones. The highest rate of Trichomonas vaginalis was recorded among those with blood group O & Rh (+ve) (3.8%). The same result was found regarding other microorganisms in both sexes. Statistically the results were not significant.The rate of infections in females was higher than males in all infection except Neisseria gonorrhoeae was recorded highest rate in males(35%). The percentage of mixed infections with Trichomonas vaginalis was Candida albicans (1.6%) & B - hemolytic streptococcus (0.4%). The maximum infections rate in vaginal swabs were Staphylococcus aureus (42.3%) & lowest rate of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (2%). Regarding the distribution of microorganisms isolated from urine samples of females suffering from vaginal discharges, the highest rate of infection was Eschirechia coli (22.2%) & lowest rate of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (2%) respectively. The rate of isolated microorganisms from urethral discharge of males were Neisseria gonorrhoeae (35%) & Escherichia coli (5%). Antibiotics Ciprofloxacin & Amikacin showed good inhibition activity against all pathogenic microorganisms. Regarding the effect of different concentration of metronidazole & medical herbs to the Trichomonas vaginalis invitro, metronidazole showed clear effective inhibition at concentration (1.25%) during 24 hours. The inhibitory effect of Zea mays (both alcoholic & watery extractions) was greater than Apium graveolens & Foeniculum vulgare. At concentration (2.5% & 5%) of Zea mays in both extractions was almost identical to metronidazole. Six solvents were used by thin layer chromatography (TLC) in order to separate alcoholic & watery extraction of medical herbs, only three of them A, B & F gave good results in separating herbal extraction with differing in its component. By measuring relative flow rate (Rƒ) of all compounds that separated and determind. The chemical compounds of each herbal extract were established & included alkaloids, flavonieds, amines, pigments, oils, carbohydrates, phenols, purines & tanines.

التحري عن الاميبا الحالة للنسج/ الاميبا المتغايرة Entamoeba histolytica/Entamoeba dispar في عينات البراز للمرضى با ستعمال تقنية PCR == Detection of Entamoeba Histolytic /Entamoeba Dispar In Stool Specimens By Using PCR Technique

Author name: بثينة عبد الحمزة حسون الزبيدي

Supervisor name: اخلاص مشرف عيدان

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Baghdad

Language: Arabic

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

Abstract: تسلط الدراسة الحالية الضوء على تشخيص وتحديد نسبة الاصابة بطفيلي الاميبا المرضية المتمثلة بالاميبا الحالة للنسج Entamoeba histolytica وتمييزها عن الاميبا غير المرضية المتمثلة بالاميبا المتغايرة Entamoeba dispar اللتين تتمايزان بشكلهما المتماثل في كلا الطور | This study sheds light on the determination and diagnose of the percentage of infection of like Entamoeba histolytica and differentiate it from the non pathogenic Entamoeba dispar that were morphologically identical in both cysts and trophozoite phase in two different groups : the first group includes 50 stool samples of patients suffering from diarrhea and abdominal pain (symptomatic group) while the second group includes 95 stool samples of patients not suffering from diarrhea and abdominal pain (Asymptomatic group).In addition to that, 20 stool samples were collected from healthy individuals as a control these samples were collected patients of AL - Zafaranyia General Hospital and AL - Alwyia Childhood Teaching Hospital in Baghdad from July, 2011 to May, 2012.These samples belong to different ages (1 year - < 50 years) of different sexes (males and females). Entamoeba samples were diagnosed by using two methods : the first one is the wet mount as a General Stool Examination(GSE) after macroscopic examination for sample and classifying them according to their consistency (solid, semisolid and liquid) and color (brown and yellow) and presence of blood and mucous in addition to diagnosing them microscopically to detect the presence of pus cells and both phases trophozoite and cyst for Entamoeba histolytica.While the second method that was depended in diagnosis is duplex polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) by using two pairs of genes for detection of their amplification in DNA sample isolated from stool. The first pair is cystein proteinase which represents one of virulent factors in Entamoeba histolytica parasite as a tissue invader. The second pair encodes the surface antigen present on the surfaces of both parasites E. histolytica and E. dispar. It is represented by Actin gene (Act). The results of the wet mount showed that in percentage of infection of both species (E.histolytica/E.dispar) the (54%) of patient symptom and (34.37%) patient a symptom.While results of the specificity and sensitivity showed that in positive sample wet mount negative PCR while negative sample wet mount showed that positive PCR and higher percentage of infection the Entamoeba dispar. While the results of the dPCR showed that in spite of the presence of both species Entamoeba pathogenic (Entamoeba histolytica) and non pathogenic Entamoeba (Entamoeba dispar) , the percentage of infection of Entamoeba histolytica was lower than that of Entamoeba dispar. This was clear by the detection of amplification the Reaction producets (dPCR) by using both genes : Actin &Ehcp5 where only 8 samples were detected and they were found to be positive amplification Ehcp5 and 31 samples were positive amplification in both groups of patients (symptomatic and a symptomatic). The percentage of infection in females was higher than that in males for all ages when using both tests (wet mount & PCR). More over the patients with less than (10) years old had higher percentage of infection in both sexes.In conclusion, it should not be depended on direct wet mount technique for the identification of infected parasite Entamoeba histolytica and differentiating it from Entamoeba dispar because of their high homology. That the molecular examination is the only method that is able to determine the kind of infection with parasite Entamoeba

تاثير مستخلص الثوم والرمان على الجرذان المصابة تجريبيا بطفيلي Cryptosporidium parvum ومقارنتها مع عقار Metranidazole == Effect Extract Allium Sativum And Punica Grantium On White Rat Expermental Infection Cryptosporidium Parvum And Comper With Metranidazole

Author name: سرى رزاق خضير عبادة

Supervisor name: نجم عبد الواحد عبد الخضر الجدوع

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Science - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://qu.edu.iq/repository/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A9-%D8%B3%D8%B1%D9%89-ilovepdf-compressed.pdf

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

Abstract: جمعت عينات البراز من الاطفال في مستشفى النسائية والاطفال كذلك جمعت من العجول المصابة حيث اجري فحص العينات بصبغة الزيل نلسن ثم عزلت ونقيت الاكياس بطريقة التطويف بمحلول شيذر السكري وجرعت 2103xكيس بيض لكل جرذ بانبوبة التجريع الفموي وسجلت المدة قبل البائنة من | Collects stool samples from children in the women's and pediatric hospital. also collects all those from infected calves, where he conducts testing samples dye Zail Nelson then isolated and scrubbed bags manner floation solution Shidhir diabetes and gived rat 2 x103 bag eggs per rat tube dosage oral and recorded for the period before dowry of 3 - 5 days as recorded wounding 100%. The result is the appointment of the lethal dose of moderation LD50 of aqueous extracts of the garlic, peel the pomegranate after giving the rats doses graded by the mouth and the results indicate that the dose 7500 mg / kg of body weight is the lethal dose of aqueous extracts of garlic bulbs and dose limits of 5250 mg / kg is the lethal dose to peel pomegranate then tretment using cold aqueous extract to plant garlic. Allium satvuim L. peel and pomegranate Punica granantum L and drug Metronidazole (Flagyl) concentration of 250, 500, 750 mg / kg, the results shows the effectiveness of the current study, the aqueous extracts in the treatment of the parasites it turns out that the time required to kill the parasite suit inversely with the increasing concentration of extracts also show the efficiency of the aqueous extract of garlic bulbs and metronidazole concentration of 750 mg / kg in the treatment of 100% after 13 days of treatment with stops put bags of egg either concentration of 500 mg / kg of aqueous extracts garlic bulbs and metronidazole has shown the efficiency of treatment of by 100 % after 15 days of treatment showed, while the aqueous extract of pomegranate peel concentration 750 mg/kg therapeutic efficiency of 98.41% after 15 days of treatment, while the control group continued to launch until after the egg sacks (15) of treatment. The study shows histopathological section on the small intestine (duodenam, ileum, jejunum) Rats infection parasite get pathological changes represented by the crash of the villi of the small intestine and change epithelium from the vertical to the cube and the adhesion of some of the villi and gatherings of inflammatory cells in layer plate fitted, as well as for necrosis and desquamation of the cells lining the villi also destroyed gland and appeared egg sacks in the intestine result use 2x103 frome egg sacks also appeared effective abstract aqueous garlic in the intestinal tissue to restore its natural form after 15 day use concentration 750 mg/kg of aqueous extract of garlic bulbs and metronidazole while have taken normal sat to tissue treaement with aqueous pomegranate peel long than 15 day. test the effectiveness of aqueous extracts cold of garlic bulbs. Alluium sativum L. and peel pomegranate Punica granantum L in treatment parasite spores Cryptosporidum parvum and compared with the treatment of Metronidazole (Flagyl) in laboratory rats. Conducted on plant extracts cold of garlic and pomagranite the chemical tests have shown the presence of active substances of both alkaloids, carbohydrates, Flavonides, Alglycosidat, Alsaponyat, Alresins, phenolies

Author name: حارث سعيد جعفر الورد

Supervisor name: احسان مهدي الصقر | سهيلة حياوي محمود

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Baghdad

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

دراسة تشخيصية جزيئية ومناعية لانواع الاكريات Eimeria sp المخمجة للدجاج في محافظتي كربلاء المقدسة وبابل == Identification of Chickens Coccidian species by Molecular and Immunological Methods in Kerbala and Babylon Provinces

Author name: ضمياء مكي حمزة

Supervisor name: هادي رسول حسن المسعودي | زهير محمد علي المنگوشي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Kerbala - College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://uokerbala.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2022/03/Rp_Identification-of-Chickens-Coccidian-species-by-Molecular-and-Immunological-Methods-in-Kerbala-and-Babylon-Provinces.pdf

University location: Karbala

First pages:

دراسة انتشار الاصابة بطفيلي الاميبا الحالة للنسيج Entamoeba histolytica وتحديد تركيز بروتين الصدمة الحرارية HSP70 وبعض المعايير الدمية لدى الاطفال المصابين في قضاء الناصرية / محافظة ذي قار العراق == Study Prevalence the Infection with Parasite Entamoeba histolytica and Determine Concentration of Heat Shock Protein HSP70 and Some Blood Parameters in Infected Children at the District of Nasiriyah-Province of DhiQar - Ira

Author name: سامي نجف بخور الياسري

Supervisor name: فاضل عباس منشد العبادي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Thi-Qar - College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Dhi Qar

First pages:

الوبائية المصلية لمرضى داء المقوسات الكوندية في مرضى غسل الكلى (الديلزة) في بعض مستشفيات بغداد == The Seroepidemiology Of Toxoplasmosis In Hemodialysis Patients In Some Baghdad Hospitals

Author name: ايسر عماد عبد العزيز

Supervisor name: خوله حوري زغير

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Baghdad

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

التحري عن الجينB1 في دم النساء الحوامل والمجهضات المصابات بطفيلي المقوسات الكونديه == Detection Of B1 Gene From Blood Of Pregnant And Abortive Women Infected With Toxoplasma Gondii

Author name: خوله حوري زغير الراوي

Supervisor name: سهيله حياوي محمود | هيفاء هادي حساني

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Doctorate

University: University of Baghdad

Language: English

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

التحري عن داء اللشمانيا الجلدية Cutaneous Leishmaniasis ومعرفة دور بروتين الصدمة الحرارية في الاستجابة المناعية في محافظة ذي قار HSP70 == Investigate of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and knowledge of the role heat shock protein HSP70 in the immune response in the province of Thi Qar

Author name: نبیل عبد الجبار عبد الكاظم الموسوي

Supervisor name: فاضل عباس منشد العبادي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Diyala

First pages:

دراسة تاثير بعض المستخلصات النباتية في طفيلي الزحار الاميبي Entamoeba histolytica داخل الجسم الحي == Study of the effect of Some Plant Extracts on Amoebic Dysentery Parasite Entamoeba histolytica In Vivo

Author name: غصون عادل عبد الحسين

Supervisor name: وفاء الحــــسني

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Baghdad

Language: Arabic

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

دراسة وبائية حيوية حول اصابة المضائف النهائية والوسطية بطفيلي المتورقة العملاقة Fasciola gigantica == Epidemiobiological biological study of Fasciola gigantica infection

Author name: مؤيد مجبل عبيد الجبوري

Supervisor name: صبيح هليل المياح | هادي رسول حسن

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Kerbala - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://uokerbala.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Rp-Epidemiobiological-biological-study-of-Fasciola-gigantica-infection.pdf

University location: Karbala

First pages:

Author name: رياض حاتم حداوي

Supervisor name: هادي رسول حسن المسعودي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Higher Diploma

University: University of Kerbala - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

Full text from the source: https://uokerbala.edu.iq/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/Rp-Cultivation-of-visceral-leishmania-parasite-by-using-Different-culture-media.pdf

University location: Karbala

First pages:

دراسة مقارنة تاثير مستخلصات بعض نباتات العائلة الشفوية على هرموني البروجسترون والاستروجين وعلاقتهما بالاستجابة المناعية في اناث الارانب والفئران المخمجة بطفيلي المقوسة الكوندية Toxoplasma gondii اثناء فترة الحمل == Study compartive effect of extracts some Plants of Labiatae on hormones Progesterone,estrogen and relanship with immunorespons In infected femal rabbits and mice with Toxoplasma gondii in stage

Author name: رانية شاكر محمود السامرائي

Supervisor name: توفيق براهيم الالوسي | وهبي عبد القادر سلمان

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: Tikrit University - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Salahaddin

First pages:

عزل وتشخيص المسببات المرضية الطفيلية في الصرصر الامريكي Periplaneta americana (Blattaria: Blattidae) المتواجدة في منازل ومستشفيات محافظة الديوانية == Isolation and diagnoses parasitic pathogens in Periplaneta americana (Blattaria: Blattidae) present in the houses and hospitals of Al-Diwaniya governorate

Author name: حسام سعيد عبد الحسين العارضي

Supervisor name: هادي مدلول الميالي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - College Of Education For Girls - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

وبائية داء الدبوسيات Enterobiasis بين تلامذة المدارس الابتدائية في قضاء بعقوبة == Epidemiological study of Enterobiasis among Pupils of primary schools of Baquba Distric

Author name: جابر عودة كاظم

Supervisor name: نبيل عبد القادر مولود | ناظم غزال نعمان

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Diyala - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Diyala

First pages:

الديدان المتطفلة على بعض الطيور المائية القاطنة على ضفاف شط العرب شمال محافظة البصرة == Helminthes parasitized on some aquatic birds which occupied on Shatt AL-Arab coast north of Basrah Governorate

Author name: بيداء فرحان سوادي

Supervisor name: باسم هاشم عبد الله

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Science - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

تاثير مستخلصات بعض الاعشاب الطبية على النمو والعمليات الحياتية لمجاميع طفيلية مرضية مختلفة في العراق == EFFECT OF SOME MEDICAL HERBES ON GROWTH AND METABOLISM OF DIFFERENT CLINICAL PARASITIC GROUPS IN IRAQ

Author name: بلسم قبيس سعيد الفهادي

Supervisor name: حسين فاضل حسن بيرقدار | حسين اسماعيل ارتين الخان

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Doctorate

University: Tikrit University - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Salahaddin

First pages:

التحري الجزيئي ومدى انتشار طفيلي Giardia lamblia في مدينة بعقوبة == Molecular Investigation and the Prevalence of Giardia lamblia in Baquba city

Author name: انتصار مهدي حمد الحسيني

Supervisor name: نغم ياسين كاظم البياتي | هادي رحمن رشيد الطائي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Diyala - College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Diyala

First pages:

محاولة علاج الاكياس العدرية في الفئران البيض بطريقة التمنيع والمواد الكيمياوية == A trial treatment of hydatidosis in white mice by Immunization and chemicals

Author name: امنة عبد الجبار ابراهيم

Supervisor name: وحيدة رشيد علي

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Al-Haytham College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Baghdad

First pages:

الديدان المتطفلة في بعض الطيور المائية واهمية الحشرات في دورة حياة البعض منها في محافظة البصرة == Helminthes parasitized of some aquatic birds & the impotance of insects in the life cycle of some of them in Basrah province

Author name: التفات عامر عبد الله التميمي

Supervisor name: عبد الحسين حبش عواد | ضياء خليف كريم

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University Of Basrah - College Of Education For Pure Sciences

Language: Arabic

University location: Basrah

First pages:

الاصابات الطفيلية في الفار المنزلي Mus musculus domesticus في محافظة الديوانية

Author name: اخلاص عباس مرهون الزبيدي

Supervisor name: نجم عبد الواحد

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Al-Qadisiyah - Faculty Of Education - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Qadisiyah

First pages:

دراسة دمية وكيموحيوية ومناعية للمرضى بداء الاكياس المائية == HAEMATOLOGICAL , BIOCHEMICAL AND IMMUNOLOGICAL STUDY IN PATIENTS WITH HYDATID CYST

Author name: احلام جاسم طاهر

Supervisor name: احسان مهدي الصقر | نهلة غانم عبد المجيد

General topic: Biology

Specific topic: Microbiology - Parasites

Degree: Master

University: University of Baghdad - Ibn Al-Haytham College Of Education For Pure Sciences - Department Of Biology

Language: Arabic

University location: Baghdad

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