البحث — المستودع الرقمي العراقي

نتائج البحث: 25 من أصل 5,927

دور المضاربات في السوق النفطية العالمية == Speculation in global oil market

اسم المؤلف: منار قاسم محمد

اسم المشرف: نبيل جعفر عبد الرضا المرسومي

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد - الطاقة

الدرجة: دبلوم عالي

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

اثر الانخفاض في قيمة الموجودات الثابتة على الخصائص النوعية للمعلومات المحاسبية من وجهة نظر مستخدم القوائم المالية في العراق == The Impact Of The Impairment Of Fixed Assets On The Characteristics Of Accounting Information From The Users Of Financial Reporting In Iraq

اسم المؤلف: مروة نبيل عبد الله

اسم المشرف: علاء عبد الحسين صالح الساعدي

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: المحاسبة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم المحاسبة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: The goal of this research to know the importance of applying the standard of impairment of fixed assets from the perspective of the users of financial reporting in Iraq , as well as prove alabagh between the use of standard impairment of assets and the quality characteristics of Accounting Information from the perspective of the users of financial reporting in Iraq , as well as knowledge of the variation in the opinions of those users about the importance of applying the standard of impairment of fixed assets . This research was conducted using questionnaire for users of financial lists in Iraq .It was reached a set of conclusions including the existence of importance to the application of the standard for impairment of assets and that users of financial reports have the knowledge and perception of importance of application of the standard for impairment of assets , as well as the impact there to apply the standard of the impairment of assets in improving the quality characteristics of Accounting Information, the result were all positive , confirm the existence of the effect of the application of the stand and for impairment of assets in improving the quality characteristics of Accounting Information this came through test several properties of the quality characteristics of Accounting Information it is the relevance , Faithful Representation , Comparability ,understandability, verifiability and timely , and also it dose not have impact of the different demographic characteristics of the users of financial reports in the importance of the application of the standard for impairment of fixed assets .The researcher presented a set of recommendations represented the need to keep up with the Iraqi standards thats are developed by the council of rules and standards in Iraq with issued as late of international standards with the the need to issue an accounting standard governing the issue of the impairment of assets in line with the requirements of the Iraqi environment .

دور ادارة الاحتواء العالي للموارد البشرية في تعزيز مخرجات العمل الموفقية من خلال الدور الوسيط للدعم التنظيمي المدرك : دراسة استطلاعية لاراء عينة من العاملين في شركة نفط الجنوب == Role of High involvement management Human Resource in Enhancing Attitudinal Work Outcomes though in Mediate role of Perceived Organizational Support An exploratory study of the Views a number from employees in south oil company

اسم المؤلف: محمود شاكر عاشور جاسم المنصوري

اسم المشرف: طاهر محسن منصور الغالبي

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: The present study aims at exploring the mediating role of the perceived organizational support between high involvement management and the and the situational outcomes in their two dimensions job satisfaction and organizational commitment , the deductive approach has been pursued in this study as a research method while the strategy that is adopted here represented in an analytical survey.The sample population included those who work for south oil company divisions which are fifteen ones (operation division , transportation division ,oilfield division, drilling and rehabilitation division,Thy Qar oilfields division, engineering division, planning and following division, project division, commercial division, materials division, administrative division, water division, West Qurna 1 and Zubeir field operation division) which was about 453 employees , the researcher based on a number of tools to gather information and data that support the topic of the current study among them the field coexistence and as well as the survey form. This study deals with very important three variables in relation to organization work : perceived organizational support as mediator variable , HR high involvement management as independent variable and situational work output as dependent variable . The study results found that perceived organizational support play the role of mediating variable between the dimensions of information sharing and job commitment .Also study results reached to the existence of a relationship with moral reference between ( deep training , compensation , team work and information sharing) and the job satisfaction mediates the perceived organizational support.The current study comes up with a number of recommendations and one of the most important of them that the researcher emphasizes is that the top management should increase the interest in HR high involvement management practices due to its positive and huge impact on the leverage of job satisfaction for the employees and the organizational commitment which in its turn improves the significant performance and the high productivity. Top management and managers in the middle level should improve the level of the perceived organizational support by the care of HRM practices because they have a direct and big impact on the improvement of thesituational work outcomes.

التوجه السوقي متغيرا وسيطا في العلاقة بين التسويق الشامل والميزة التنافسية : دراسة تحليلية لعينة من المديرين في المصارف التجارية الخاصة في العراق == Market Orientation as Mediator Variable in the Relationship Between Holistic Marketing and Competitive Advantage (An analytical study of a mangers' sample of commercial banks in Iraq

اسم المؤلف: محمد راشد حميد الفتلاوي

اسم المشرف: عبد الرضا فرج بدراوي الخماس

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم المصرفية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: تسعى هذه الدراسة الى تحديد دور التسويق الشامل بابعاده المتمثلة بــ (التسويق المتكامل, التسويق الداخلي, التسويق بالعلاقة, تسويق الاداء) بوصفه متغيرا مستقلا, في تحقيق الميزة التنافسية بابعادها(الكلفة, الجودة, المرونة, التسليم, التكنولوجيا) بوصفها متغيرا معتمدا بوجود التوجه السوقي بابعاده المتمثلة بـــــ(التوجه نحو الزبون, التوجه نحو المنافس, التنسيق بين الوظائف) بوصفه متغيرا وسيطا, لاعتماد استراتيجيات تسويقية مناسبة تاخذ بنظر الاعتبار شدة المنافسة الحالية والمتوقعة في القطاع المصرفي, خاصة في ظل انفتاح العراق على العالم وتشجيع الدولة على تاسيس مصارف خاصة او فتح فروع لمصارف عالمية, وفي الوقت نفسة لتلبية حاجات واذواق الزبائن بتقديم افضل الخدمات وبميزة يتفوق بها المصرف على منافسيه. ومن هنا فان مشكلة الدراسة تجسدت في تساؤل جوهري مفاده ((هل للتسويق الشامل بابعاده دور في تحقيق الميزة التنافسية بابعادهوابوجود التوجه السوقي كمتغير وسيط)) وبتحديد اكثر تحاول الاجابة عن التساؤلات الاتية التي تشكل بمجموعها مشكلة الدراسة : 1 - هل تعتمد ادارة المصارف استراتيجية التسويق الشامل ؟2 - هل هناك علاقة وتاثير ما بين اعتماد التسويق الشامل والميزة التنافسية من خلال المتغير الوسيط التوجه السوقي ؟ كما تسعى هذه الدراسة الى تحقيق جملة اهداف منها : 1 - معرفة مدى ادراك الادارة داخل المصارف عينة الدراسة للتسويق الشامل بابعاده .2 - تسليط الضوء على التسويق الشامل وامكان تبنيه في المصارف عينة الدراسة .3 - تفعيل دور التسويق الشامل من خلال التوجه السوقي لتحقيق الميزة التنافسية.وقد توصلت الدراسة الى نتائج عده دعت الى رفض الفرضيات الرئيسة والفرعية واختيار الفرضيات البديلة فرضيات الوجود، كما توصلت الى مجموعة من النتائج، اهمها : يسهم التسويق الشامل بابعاده في تعزيز قدرة المصارف على مواجهة التغيرات المتسارعة ومن ثم تدعيم مواقفها التنافسية من خلال تحقيق الميزة التنافسية والمحافظة عليها, وجود علاقات ارتباط وتاثير قوية لكل من ابعاد التسويق الشامل والميزة التنافسية والتوجه السوقي. | This study is intended to determine the role of the holistic marketing with its factors, (integrate marketing, internal marketing, marketing in relation and performance marketing) which is an independent variable in achieving the competitive advantage with its dimensions (cost, quality, flexibility, delivery and technology) which depends on the market orientation with its dimensions (customer orientation, competitive orientation and coordination of tasks). It is worth relying on appropriate marketing strategies that consider the intensity of the current and potential competition in banking sector. This is supported by the encouragement of the government of establishing private and international banks. The study also aims to satisfy the needs and tastes of customers by offering distinct competitive characteristic of the bank.Thus, the study matter has been embodied in a question as to does holistic marketing in its dimensions have a role in achieving the competitive advantage its dimensions with the existence of market orientation as a mean factor? The following questions make up the research matter : 1 - Does banks management rely on particular marketing strategies including the holistic marketing strategies?2 - Is there a relationship and effect between the dependence on inclusive marketing through the mean factor and the market orientation? Does this lead to an increase in the effect on the competitive advantage?In addition, this study aim at achieving objectives such as the following : 1 - Realizing the extent to which bank staff consider the study sample on holistic marketing with its dimensions. 2 - Shedding light on holistic marketing and how likely it is to adopt the study sample.3 - Activation of holistic marketing through marketing orientation to achieve competitive feature.In order to achieve the study objectives, default chart has been prepared to identify the relationship with the study variables. The study has been raised from the following propositions : 1 - There is no meaningful and statistical impacting relationship between holistic marketing and the competitive advantage of study sample of banks.2 - There is no meaningful influential , statistical relationship between the holistic marketing and the market orientation with its factors.3 - There is no meaningful influential , statistical relationship between the holistic marketing and the competitive advantage with its factors with the existence of the market orientation with its factors as mean variable. To examine the credibility of those propositions, data related to the study sample variables has been gathered according to a questionnaire, personal interviews. Field observation on banks. The study sample was conducted on a group of bank managers and bankers, and bosses. The study sample was given to (163) individuals in (16) bank in order to achieve measurement tool's data precision, finding analysis credibility. In addition the study reached findings that rejected the basic and secondary propositions and chose the alternative proposition for the existent propositions. It brought in some practical and theoretical inferences among which is the conclusion - that holistic marketing with its factors contribute to support the ability of banks to challenge the dramatic changes and thereafter stabilizing their competitive situation through achievement of the competitive advantage. There is also the existence of strong influential relationships of each of the inclusive marketing factors and the competitive advantage of the market orientation.

التكامل والاندماج في صناعة النفط العالمية == integration and merger in the industry Global

اسم المؤلف: كرار صباح نادر عكلو

اسم المشرف: نبيل جعفر عبد الرضا المرسومي

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد - الطاقة

الدرجة: دبلوم عالي

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

التاثيرات السلبية للنفط والغاز في العراق للمدة 2003 - 2013 == The Negative Effects of Oil and Gas in Irag During (2003 - 2013)

اسم المؤلف: مصطفى عبد الله محمد

اسم المشرف: نبيل جعفر عبد الرضا المرسومي

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد

الدرجة: دبلوم عالي

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

تقلبات اسعار النفط واثرها على الموازنة العامة في العراق للمدة 2004 - 2013 == Fluctuations in oil prices and them effect on the general budget of Iraq for the period ( 2004 - 2013 ) Search made by a supplementary Ghadeer Abdul - qader Nasser

اسم المؤلف: غدير عبد القادر ناصر

اسم المشرف: غدير عبد القادر ناصر

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد - الطاقة

الدرجة: دبلوم عالي

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

دور نظامي التصنيع الرشيق وخفيف الحركة في استدامة الادائين البيئي والاجتماعي من خلال التاثير التفاعلي لاستراتيجية المسؤولية الاجتماعية : دراسة ميدانية في كل من شركتي الفيحاء وكربلاء لصناعة البناء الجاهز == The Role of Tow Systems Manufacturing lean and Agile In The Environmental and Social Sustainability By Interactive effect for Social Responsibility Strategic A field Study In Both Of The Fayha And Karbala Company For The Building Precast

اسم المؤلف: عبد الرضا ناصر محسن صبيح المالك

اسم المشرف: طاهر محسن منصور الغالبي

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: ادارة اعمال

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: The study aims role of tow Systems Manufacturing lean and Agile In The environmental and social Sustainability by Interactive Variable Social Responsibility Strategic , A field Study In both of The Fayha And Karbala Company For The Building Precast.For the purpose of achieving the goal of the study used multiple Methods including the descriptive and analytical for the purpose of ascertaining the existence of a relationship between the variables of the study was to prepare a checklist to extract quantitative results for a period of time - running five years, as well as a questionnaire study to test hypotheses, And the questionnaire was designed based on previous studies, and was a questionnaire two types one specialist to measure the variables of the study from the point of internal sample of view and the second specialist to measure ray sample of customers about the sustainability of environmental and social performance of the company, were analyzed using statistical software (spss.v22.The Results showed the presence of both a differences between sample study company Karbala and Al - Fayhaa, or in the years of the study, which lasted for the period (02.11.2014 till 15.03.2016) the extent of adoption of the variables of the study, specifically the apparent disparity in the sustainability variables in the environmental and social performance, as well as the extent of adoption of interactive variable social responsibility strategy building , or in the contrast between the internal and external sample and yielded results of statistical relationships closely and influential among the variables of the study, although the cuff suggest that Fayhaa company closer to Karbala company access to the concepts of sustainable environmental and social performance, summary of results and there is a gap in both companies from terms of the proposed conceptual model, and the most important determinants faced by the study, the nature of the variables need to be more disaggregated data and the duration of time more for the purpose of measuring the environmental and social performance sustainable, employing the results of the study are in a set of recommendations to adopt corporate models of modern manufacturing (lean production, agile manufacturing ) and work to achieve sustainability in environmental and social performers as well as the adoption of social responsibility strategic .

التقييم الفني والاقتصادي لوحدات النفط الرطب : دراسة ميدانية لحقل اللحيس النفطي جنوب العراق

اسم المؤلف: عباس لفتة كريم المحمداوي

اسم المشرف: عبد الله عبد الحسن الیاسري

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد - الطاقة

الدرجة: دبلوم عالي

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

التنمية وحقوق الانسان : دراسة حالة العراق (للمدة 2004 - 2012) == Development and Human Rights Iraq as a case Study for the period (2012 - 2004)

اسم المؤلف: عباس علي محمد

اسم المشرف: نبيل جعفر عبد الرضا المرسومي

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: After intellectual evolution of the development in terms of its concept, Process and measurement indicators which is consistent with the current progress of human beings and countries. This evolution, however, is combined to shifts and international changes such as debt issue and financial crises, and then adopting reformation policies, and circumstances of globalization and its effect on the developing countries in particular. All these circumstances requested increasing and securing the requirements of welfare. In contrast, the emerge of current concept of human right within the global declaration framework of human rights in 1948, and its progress to deal with defending of human rights and its achievement. It embodied via increased number of declarations, covenants and conventions, and protocols issued and to be issued by the United Nations for securing a better life for humanity and its welfare, security and peace without any kind of segregation. Therefore, the consistent between development, as a social - economic process, and human rights as a privilege which people seek to obtain will be surest guarantee for the provision of various rights, especially economic, social and environmental rights. As well as development would not be achieved without respecting and protecting the human rights. Besides, the process of joining the development along with human rights system has a significant importance in change the style of beneficiaries from development as receivers of aids and outputs to human right owners. This means, the disruption and shortening of achieving the development indicators and its criteria would be subjected to accountability and evaluating by non - governmental and international organizations. Moreover, the availability of requirements of human needs represents enforceable commitments by the government and other linked institutions, where these needs became a right and privilege of individuals and communities and characterized in a legal dimension in achieving the developmental targets for obtaining the best indicators due to its linkage with human right agenda. However, the linkage between development and human right can lead to increasing level of dialogue and cooperation between individuals and society in one hand, and institutions that implement plans and developmental programs on the other hand. Hence, the priority is to consider all needs and work to achieve it without any ethnic, religious and geographical segregation. However, this reflects in the increase of level of justice of distribution of development output, which raise human well - being. As well as, this relationship will reduce the level of corruption and waste of development output as a result of expansion of concepts of rights and freedoms, which means increasing level of transparency and anti - corruption programs, also improving capacities that could achieve the welfare. In respect of Iraq, it is necessary to identify the level of convergence between the development and process of rights through presenting the achieved indicators limited by High Commissioner for Human Rights which is based on respecting human right representing by economic, social and environmental content. All these contents show a high need to improving its level in Iraq and mitigate the gap through the convergence between the planned developmental programs and the principles of human right. In order to achieve that, the study will measure a new indicator for development which it compatible with human rights based on a formulation used by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP), however, the study added new indicators derived from the development process and pillars of human rights.

الاثار البيئية للصناعة النفطية : دراسة حالة البصرة للمدة 2000 - 2015 == Environmental impacts of oil industry Basra case study Period (2000 - 2015)

اسم المؤلف: ريم حسن مسجت الجشعمي

اسم المشرف: سامي عبيد محمد التميمي

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد - الطاقة

الدرجة: دبلوم عالي

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

اهمية الغاز الطبيعي في تطوير الاقتصاد القطري للمدة (2005 - 2014) == The Importance of Natural Gas in Development of Qatar's Economy for the Period (2005?2014)

اسم المؤلف: حنان خالد ناهي

اسم المشرف: عدنان فرحان الجوارين

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد - الطاقة

الدرجة: دبلوم عالي

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

امكانية استخدام الخيارات المالية للتحوط من مخاطر المحفظة الاستثمارية : دراسة تحليلية على بيانات سوق العراق للاوراق المالية == The Possibility of Using Financial Options to Hedge from Investment Portfolio Risk Study Analytical on the Iraq Stock Exchange

اسم المؤلف: حسين كريم فضاله السعيدي

اسم المشرف: حسين جواد كاظم

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم المالية والمصرفية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Because of increasing risks that facing the investors in financial markets specially after increasing the range of financial globalization , the freedom of capital movements and markets opening .The based on financial engineering have tended to invent new tools to maximize return and minimize risk.one of the most important tools is the contracts options, which have become one of the leading global markets activities because of its reat importance as a tool for hedging and speculation. Proceeding from its importance the present study endeavoured to provide a knowledge and practical framework about the ability of contracts options of reducing risks of stocks prices for the selected sectors listed on the Iraq Stock Exchange by using the most important financialtheories, namely portfolio theory and the theory of financial options, to show the role of the policy of diversification in reducing irregular risks, as well as the prominent role given by the covered call option strategies to benefit from expectations of the current and future stock prices , that would contribute to the hedging of risks.The present study has reached a set of conclusions, including that the reduction of irregular risk depends on aimed diversification, which focused on the importance of correlation coefficients of returns, while the application of covered option strategy based on binomial model on efficient portfolio led to the advantage of the value of premium paid by the call option holders , that prices as long as witnessed a large fluctuations during the period under study, which proves the validity of our hypotheses through the study on the possibility of obtaining the best trade - off between return and risk when diversifying portfolios ,and that their possibility of reducing efficient portfolio risks by using the strategy of sale covered call option. and This is harmony with the expectations of portfolio managers on that decline, which leads to non - implementation of the option contract

تقييم اداء سوق العراق للاوراق المالية : دراسة تحليليه مقارنه مع بعض اسواق الدول العربية للمدة 2003 - 2013 == Evaluating the performance of Iraq Stock Exchange ( A comparative study between the Iraqi market and markets of some Arab countries for the period 2013 - 2003

اسم المؤلف: تحرير صلال ربيع الحميدي

اسم المشرف: منتظر فاضل سعد البطاط

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم المالية والمصرفية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

تجربة دولة الامارات العربية المتحدة ف مجال الطاقة المتجددة == The Experience Of the United Arab Emirates in the Field Of Renewable Energy

اسم المؤلف: بلقيس قاسم بستان الزبيدي

اسم المشرف: يحيى حمود حسن البوعلي

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد - الطاقة

الدرجة: دبلوم عالي

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Renewable Energy : is a type of alternative energy sources of fossil fuels that feature in being clean sources to don’t coming out polluting gases as it is prone to burn out and not owned by certain countries as fossil fuels, which are owned by certain countries due to the geological nature of the sources, so the renewable energy sector is a global trend in recent years the investments has increased directed to renewable energy projects for the period (2004 - 2013) and one of the reasons for the increase in the volume of investments in this sector is the low cost of renewable energy technologies , awareness of the importance of preserving the environment and the multiple justifications global trend of renewable energy on the one hand.The fact that the renewable energy significantly that contributes of reducing emissions of gases that cause global warming On the other hand, the fact that conventional energy sources are depleted sources and therefore must find or develop alternative energy sources to effectively contribute to meeting the growing demand for energy , and a third party , the causes of the global trend of renewable energy is its role in achieving sustained development.Classified the UAE as one of the countries with carbon highest per capita in the world's emissions rates in 2006 due to increased use of traditional energy sources pollute the environment to meet the growing demand for energy, so it embarked on the development and investment in renewable energy sector and excellence in it through initiatives and projects which aim of which class basis reduced carbon emissions and preserving the environment and invest conventional energy sources in the export rather than domestic use, as well as aiming to generate electricity from renewable energy sources by 5% according to 2030 strategy launched by the UAE, occupies the UAE leading role in the field of renewable energy manifested features in several appearances that in theforefront of hosting the permanent headquarters of the (IRENA) contribute to renewable energy sources to generate (253 ) MW of renewable energy sources in the UAE.

اثار المشاريع المائية التركية في العراق == The effects of Turkish water projects in Iraq

اسم المؤلف: اياد خلف علي العاقــول

اسم المشرف: عبد الرزاق يوسف نصر الله

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الاقتصاد

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Water is the most important natural resources in the desert and semi - desert climate countries such as Iraq, because it controls the distribution of population and economic activities, especially the agricultural field, and thus is one of the most important pillars of national and food security.Iraq suffers from a water problem of internal and external factors, factors interior is increasing demand, due to population growth and the increasing requirements of economic development, as well as the climatic changes that are seeing more drought and scarcity of rain and high temperatures, and the intensification of evaporation, which increases the water wastage in agriculture , and the problems of water pollution to a large limits exceeded Standards set by the Iraqi state, because of the throw of the cities and factories of liquid wastes in rivers, as well as what caused the discharge of drainage water contaminated with chemicals and pesticides process coming from upstream countries or from local projects in Iraq and toxins, which constitutes threat to human and environmentally significant organisms of all kinds, and the external factors, they include policies upstream countries (Turkey), through the construction of dams and projects on the basins of the Tigris and Euphrates, the leading exporters of surface water in Iraq, as well as a decline in the quantity and quality of water received through the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, to levels that do not meet basic needs, which has become a threat to food security. Which requires on Iraq, to put effective strategies to address the water crisis, and reduce the negative effects on economic activities, social, environmental, and to achieve the Iraqi water security, through the development and management of water resources, and regional cooperation among the riparian states, and move at the international level, to force Turkey to abide by international conventions, for the exploitation of shared water basins, and the conclusion of the Convention on the division of water, to ensure the rights of Iraq gained, and to achieve stability and security in the region

تقييم الاداء المالي في النظم المصرفية : دراسة مقارنة لعينة من المصارف الخاصة الاسلامية والتقليدية في العراق للمدة 2010 - 2015 == Assess the financial performance of the banking systems (a comparative study of a sample of private Islamic and conventional banks in Iraq for the period 2010 - 2015)

اسم المؤلف: حيان ياسين عبد الله محمد الحياني

اسم المشرف: علي عبد محمد سعيد الراوي

الموضوع العام: الادارة والاقتصاد

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: العلوم المالية والمصرفية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة العراقية - كلية الادارة والاقتصاد - قسم العلوم المالية والمصرفية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: تؤدي المصارف بنحو عام دورا هاما في الحياة الاقتصادية فهي تعمل كوسيط بين المدخرين والمستثمرين لذلك فهي تعمل على تحريك عجلة الاقتصاد الوطني وزيادة نموه ونظرا لاهمية الجهاز المصرفي عموما والمصارف الاسلامية خصوصا حيث جرى العمل على تحليل ادائهوامقارنتها بالمصارف التقليدية من اجل اثبات فرضية البحث التي استندت على ان المصارف الاسلامية في العراق تمتلك مقومات النجاح التي تمكنها من منافسة المصارف التقليدية وفي سبيل تحقق ذلك استخدم اسلوب تحليل النسب المالية على عينة تتكون من (6) مصارف (3) مصارف اسلامية خاصة و(3) مصارف تقليدية خاصة باستخدام عدد من النسب التي تم اختيارها على اساس امكانية تطبيقها على كلا النوعين من المصارف . وفي سبيل تحقق هدف البحث تم تقسيمه الى ثلاثة فصول رئيسة تضمن كل فصل منها ثلاثة مباحث تناول الفصل الاول منها اسس التحليل المالي , وتطرق الفصل الثاني الى المصارف الاسلامية والتقليدية من حيث (الاطار العام ,الاهداف وادوات الاستثمار) وناقش الفصل الثالث تحليل اداء بعض المصارف الخاصة الاسلامية والتقليدية في العراق للمدة (2010 - 2015) . وبذلك توصل البحث الى مجموعة من النتائج التي ثبت صحة الفرضية على الرغم من وجود بعض المؤشرات السلبية في بعض الجوانب ومن اهم هذه النتائج ان متوسط نسب السيولة المحققة من قبل المصارف الاسلامية اكبر من نسب السيولة المحققة من قبل المصارف التقليدية , واما فيما يخص نسب الربحية للمصارف الاسلامية فكانت اقل من متوسط نسب ربحية المصارف التقليدية عدا نسبة ( صافي الربح الى اجمالي الودائع) اذ حققت المصارف الاسلامية فيها متوسط نسب اعلى من متوسط نسب المصارف التقليدية . كما ان المصارف الاسلامية حققت متوسط نسب توظيف في (الاستثمارات/ الودائع) اقل من متوسط نسب توظيف المصارف التقليدية , واما فيما يخص نسبة (الائتمان النقدي / اجمالي الودائع) فقد استطاعت المصارف الاسلامية من تحقق متوسط نسبة اعلى من متوسط نسبة المصارف التقليدية . واما فيما يخص نسب الكفاية فقد حققت المصارف الاسلامية متوسط (نسب كفاية في راس المال) اعلى من متوسط (نسب كفاية راس مال) المصارف التقليدية . اما بالنسبة للتوصيات فكان اهمها ضرورة استغلال الموارد في صيغ مختلفة وعدم اقتصاره على صيغة المرابحة مع العمل على استخدام احدث اساليب منح الائتمان لتقليل الخسائر خصوصا في المشاركات والمضاربات . | Banks in general play an important role in economic life, They are working as an intermediate between savers and investors Thus, They are working on moving the wheel of the national economy, and increase its growth. Given the importance of the banking system, Generally, and Islamic banks, especially, where work was to evaluate the performance of Islamic banks , comparing With The conventional banks, to prove the Research Hypothesis, which was based on that the Islamic banks in Iraq have the Success factors that will enable Them to compete with the conventional Private banks : In order to achieve that, it was used the "Financial Ratio Analysis" on a sample consists of (6) Banks : ( 3) Islamic Private banks and (3) conventional banks using a number of ratios that have been selected, based on their applicability to both types of banks . In order to achieve the goal of research was divided into three main chapters, every chapters, including three sections, first chapter dealing with foundations of financial analysis, and the second chapter discussed the Islamic and conventional banks in terms of (the general framework, objectives and investment instruments), the third chapter Discuss, analysis performance of some Islamic and conventional private banks in Iraq for the period (2010 - 2015). ……………………….. Thereby, the research concluded a group of results that substantiate the hypothesis, in spite of negatives in some aspects, and the most important of these results is that the average liquidity rates achieved by Islamic banks are bigger than Liquidity rates, achieved by the conventional banks; The profitability ratios of Islamic banks were less than the average profitability rates of conventional banks, except (net profit to total deposits), ratio Where Islamic banks have achieved rates average is higher than the rates average of conventional banks. Also, Islamic banks rates average, achieved in the employment (investments / deposits), less than the average rates of employment of conventional banks; is The proportion (cash credit / total deposits) of Islamic banks has been able to achieve a proportion average higher than the rate average of conventional banks. As regards the adequacy ratios, Islamic banks have achieved an average (adequacy ratios in the capital)That is higher than the average (capital adequacy) of conventional banks, and also higher than the specific rate by the Central Bank rates. As for the most important recommendations was the need to exploit resources in different formats and not confined to the (Murabaha) with work on the use of most recent methods of granting credit to reduce losses, especially in the (Musharakah) and (Mudarabah

الاديرة والكنائس المسيحية في مملكة الحيرة في ضوء المصادر التاريخية والتنقيبات الاثرية حتى نهاية القرن الثاني الهجري/ الثامن الميلادي == Christian monasteries and churches in the Kingdom ofHira in the Light of Historical Resources and Archaeological Excavation Till The End of Eighth Century A.D - Second Century Hegira

اسم المؤلف: نبيل عبد الحسين راهي

اسم المشرف: نسيبة محمد الهاشمي

الموضوع العام: علم الاثار

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الاثار الاسلامية

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الاداب

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Politically and historically : the Kingdom of Al - Hira was an independent Arab kingdom never submitted to the Sassanid empire, neither politically or militarily. It had joint protection treats and political relations with this empire.Religiously : Al - Hira was a multi - religion kingdom. At its early days it embraced many religions including both Heathenism and Judaism. No historical proof indicates that Al - Hira had embraced the religion of Sassanid as this didn't suit the Arab religious belief. Once Christianity arrived at Iraq, the inhabitants of Al - Hira were amongst the first people who believed in and embraced it to the extent that it became the religion of the majority of Al - Hira inhabitants. Before the advent of Islam, the official religion of Al - Hira was Christianity. Doctrinally, the people of Al - Hira didn't agree with other Christian sects about the nature of Christ and his virgin mother; they followed Nestorian's Doctrine which then became Eastern Christianity which spread from Al - Hira towards east to the far China. The bishop of Al - Hira was the protector of this belief. In Al - Hira there were many schools that taught this belief's theology; the most prominent Nestorian bishops. The religious architecture, especially Christian architecture some of which were revealed by archaeological excavations, was incomplete in that excavations did not reveal it completely or those which were found were destructed buildings. These buildings were monasteries or churches influenced by local architecture trends of ancient Iraq; they were not influenced by Christian architecture that was found in other neighboring countries. In the following we will brief the characteristics of the architecture in Al - Hira at that era : Monasteries : The monasteries were discussed through the historical resources and literature. The names of the famous monasteries in Al - Hira were mentioned. Texts were analyzed to determine the architectural and graphic elements of these monasteries and compare them with those the archaeological excavations revealed Christian monasteries in Al - Hira. Another resource was the archaeological excavations where foundations and traces of three monasteries; namely Qasseer, Ain Shayie and Abdul - Messiah monasteries, were found. The resources of the study of excavations depended upon scientific reports of missions, previous studies, authentic reports manuscripts, most of which were redrawn by the researcher to lighten the unclear ones. The monasteries found during excavations lacks a lot of elements mentioned by historical resources, such as monastic hermitages and cells, which characterize monasteries.Churches : Through the samples tackled by the study, three types of church planning were revealed : 1 - The type of one portico which ends at altar. This type was found in the monasteries of al - Qasseer.2 - The three - structure type with oratory which depends of pillars dividing among such porticos. Of this type was the church no.(11) found by the mission of Oxford University in 1931 and Al - Rahhaliya Church.3 - The three - structure type with oratory which depends on walls that divide porticos, such as those of Ain Shayie which were found by the Japanese mission.The roof design system depended upon semi - cylindrical vault and dome in general. However excavations didn't show these elements in a clear and complete way, architectural data suggest that. As for direction, churches didn't obey apostles' instructions that dictated direction towards east; they were deviated in different degrees towards south - east. Concerning architectural design, the monasteries and churches of Al - Hira were not influenced by a foreign architecture, but inspired by ancient Iraqi architecture, unlike those of Syria and Egypt which were influenced by Roman Culture.

نصوص مسمارية غير منشورة من العصر الاكدي == Unpublished cuneiform Texts From Akkadian Period

اسم المؤلف: نشات علي عمران

اسم المشرف: باسمة جليل عبد

الموضوع العام: علم الاثار

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الدراسات المسمارية

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية الاداب

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

معالجة مياه الصرف الصناعي لمصافي النفط بالاكسدة الانودية المباشرة == Treatment Of Petroleum Refinery Wastewater By Direct Anodic Oxidation

اسم المؤلف: انغام سامي حمزة

اسم المشرف: علاء نور غانم الموسوي

الموضوع العام: الهندسة الكيمياوية

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: الهندسة الكهروكيمياوية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بابل - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكيمياوية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بابل

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: مياه الصرف الصناعي لمصافي النفط الناتجة بصورة رئيسية من عمليات تكرير النفط الخام والصناعات التحويلية، مواد التشحيم والبتروكيماويات الوسيطة. هذه السوائل هي المصدر الرئيسي للتلوث البيئي المائي. تتكون مياه الصرف الصناعي من الزيوت والشحوم والمركبات العضوية ا | Petroleum refinery wastewater originating from petroleum industries primarily resulted in refining crude oil and manufacturing fuels, lubricants and petrochemical intermediates. These effluents are a major source of aquatic environmental pollution. The wastewaters are composed of oil and grease, toxic organic compounds along with many other minerals. In this study, wastewater of Al - Najaf petroleum refinery was used as electrolyte solution in the experiments, and the effect of some variables on the removal of organic material as a pollutant in term of COD were studied. The performance of anodic oxidation represented by COD removal was studied using 1 liter batch - mode parallel plate electrochemical reactor at constant initial COD concentration and fixed agitation speed of 250 rpm with the variation of operating conditions that were expected to have a major effect on process. These variables were : electrodes material (platinum, stainless steel, graphite, PbO2, and carbon felt), current densities (5, 15, 25) mA cm - 2 for carbon felt electrode and (10, 30, 50) mAcm - 2 for other electrodes, pH (4, 7, 10), temperatures (25, 40, and 55)?C and with electrolysis time up to 120 minutes. The results show that the direct anodic oxidation process gave the best COD removal percent of 84.88% and 86.27% at 50 and 25 mA cm - 2 current densities for PbO2 and carbon felt anode materials, respectively. The highest COD removal was predicted at pH 4 and the best temperature at 55?C for all electrode types. The reaction was followed by pseudo first - order kinetics rate. As well, it was studied the effect of current density on the current efficiency, instantaneous current efficiency, energy consumption, charge load with the time and calculated activation energy.

تحضير عامل مساعد زيوت Y من قشور الرز العراقية لتطبيقات تكسير الهكسان == Preparation Of Zeolite Y Catalyst From Iraqi Rice Husk For Cracking Of n - Hexane

اسم المؤلف: زينب محمد صبار

اسم المشرف: نجاة جمعة صالح | بشير يوسف شرهان

الموضوع العام: الهندسة الكيمياوية

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: تكرير النفط والصناعات البتروكيمياوية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة التكنولوجية - قسم الهندسة الكيمياوية - فرع الهندسة الكيمياوية وتكرير النفط

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Silica nano particles were prepared from Iraqi rice husk (al - Najaf province) by precipitation method. Rice husk (RH) was treated with two different concentrations of inorganic acid (i.e. 1 & 3 N HCl) then burning at 700 °C under two heating rates. Chemical composition of rice husk ash (RHA) determined by X - Ray fluorescence (XRF) was contained about 89.5 wt% and 95.2 wt% SiO2 by treatment with 1N HCl at 10 and 5 °C/min heating rates for 3 hrs, respectively. While, XRF analysis was given 97.5 wt% SiO2content in RHA by treatment with 3 N HCl at 5 °C/min heating rates for 2 hrs. 3N HCl and heating rate at 5°C/min seems to be the best method to reduce the metallic ingredients and to obtain highly purified nanosilica powder at a purity of 98.9 wt%.The prepared nanosilica was also characterized by X - ray diffraction (XRD), BET surface, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM), in order to investigate its properties.X - ray results revealed a strong single beak of 2? at about 22° with an amorphous phase. Surface area was measured for nano silica to be 298 m2/g. The average diameter of prepared nanosilica is 89.58 nm as obtained by AFM analysis. Rice husk is seen to be a frugal waste material, high silica content, and it will be able to apply as a natural source of silica for preparation the zeolite - Y catalysts rather than burnt or dumped it as waste, causing environmental and health problems. On the other hand, the commercial source of silica (i.e. Ludox As - 40) is industrially used with other materials for synthesizing the zeolite type - Y catalyst and economically it has an expensive cost. Hence, it is essential to find out another pathway for silica source.This work deals with the replacing of costly commercial precursors of silica by a cheap natural nano - source silica from Iraqi RH. As such this study focuses on the optimization of percentages of natural and/or commercial silica applied within either seed gel or feed stock gel in the zeolite - Y synthesis process in order to investigate the effect of the nature of the silica used on both the structural properties of produced of Y - catalyst as well as on the catalytic performance of these catalysts in hydrocarbon cracking reactions forimproving the production catalytic activity and selectivity. Commercial zeolite - Y catalyst was laboratory prepared by means of commercial silica source and named as “A” sample, whereas other four samples of zeolite catalysts were successfully synthesized with a desired zeolite - Y phase and so - called “B, C, D and E” using different percentages of natural silica source. All the achieved samples are investigated by characterization techniques (i.e. XRD, BET - surface area, Pore volume, FTIR SEM, AAS, and EDX). The synthesized HY - catalyst samples were catalytically tested in the cracking of Hexane (C6H14) through an experimental cracking rig, and the reaction products were analyzed by GC. The performance of Iraqi RH zeolite type - Y catalysts was compared with the commercial lab HY - catalyst. Catalyst B prepares from only natural nanosilicasource and in comparison with other synthesized Y - catalysts; it gives the best catalytic behavior with 98 - 95 mol% conversion together with the selectivity domination of isomer and normal paraffin within the reaction products during more than 2 hrs at 450 °C. This result confirms that the use of natural silica source can be enhanced the catalytic properties of zeolite type - Y catalyst.

بناء معيد ترميز تكراري شبه مثالي للاشارات المرمزة المعتمدة على مخطط تانر == Implementation Of Modified Suboptimal Iterative Decoding For Tanner - Graph Based Coded Signals

اسم المؤلف: محمد ثامر نصر

اسم المشرف: احمد عبد الكاظم حمد

الموضوع العام: هندسة الكهرباء والالكترون والاتصالات

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: هندسة الالكترونيك والاتصالات

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: جامعة بابل - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكهربائية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بابل

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: في هذا العمل, تم اقتراح خوارزميتين لتحسين اداء معيد الترميز التكراري التجميعي. الاول انجز باضافة رموز ارشاد بين سيل البيانات التي تدخل الى المرمز. في هذه الطريقة, رموزالارشاد ترمز مع البيانات المدخلة (رموز الارشاد المرمزه او الداخليه) مقارنة بالطريقة الاع | In this work, two algorithms were suggested in order to improve the performance of systematic RA decoding. The first one was accomplished by the insertion of pilot symbols between the data stream that entering the encoder. In this way the pilot symbols are encoded along with the input data (encoded or internal pilots) in contrast to the usual way where pilots are inserted after encoding (unencoded or external pilots). The positions where pilots should be inserted are chosen in such a way that to improve the minimum Hamming distance and/or to reduce the error coefficients of the code. Moreover, the known pilots have higher reliability than data and can significantly improve the initial decoding.The second proposed algorithm includes the utilization of the inserted pilots to estimate scaling (correction) factors. Two - dimensional (2D) correction system was suggested in order to enhance the performance of traditional Minimum - Sum (MS) decoding of regular RA codes. By calculating the mean square difference (MSD) between the values of received pilots and the a - posteriori data of bit and check node related to them, which are created by the MS decoder, an adaptive method can be achieved for getting the correction factors.Since encoded pilots in systematic RA code are embedded in data, it is possible to puncture all or part of them to increase the code rate. The pilots still have their effect on increasing the minimum Hamming distance.Extensive simulation tests reveal that the suggested quasi - optimal algorithms supply error performance be able to compare as Sum - Product (SP) decoding whilst maintain less complexity. Practical experiments are carried out by utilizing the capability of data acquisition toolbox supported by MATLAB to provide a hardware interface with the computer sound card. Here, the sound card plays the role of ADC and DAC converter in the physical layer. A different graphical user interfaces (GUI) are designed for the transmitting and receiving terminals to facilitate the selection of different code options. Signals are transmitted over wireless channel using a 2.4 GHz band indoor audio tranceiver. According to the aquired results, the modified coding system outperforms the original one when it is tested over AWGN and fading channels. An improvement may be realized about 1.5 dB and 1.3 dB at BER=?10?^( - 5) for punctured and unpunctured systematic (50,35,3,7) code with adaptive scaling, with three encoded pilots over AWGN channel and about 3.4 dB and 3.3 dB at BER=?10?^( - 4) for punctured and unpunctured systematic (50,35,3,7) code with constant scaling, with two encoded pilots over fading channel.

حساب توزيع الطاقة الممتصة في راس الانسان باستخدام نطاق الفرق الزمني المحدد لانظمة الاتصالات المتنقلة == Computation Of Sar Distribution In Human Head For Cellurlar Mobile Communication Systems Using Fdtd

اسم المؤلف: هويدا كمال عبد الفتاح

اسم المشرف: عضيد حسن سلومي

الموضوع العام: هندسة الكهرباء والالكترون والاتصالات

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: هندسة الالكترونيك والاتصالات

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكهربائية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Widespread wireless communications system in the last few years, leads people to ask many questions about the advantages and disadvantages of those systems, especially about electromagnetic waves pollution and their effect on human health.The mobile device is frequently used by the general public from adult to child, one of the main sources of electromagnetic waves and very close to the human head. Therefore the focus of this research on the impact of electromagnetic waves from mobile to human health by measuring the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), at the human head and the hand through SEMCAD - X that uses the Finite Different Time Domain (FDTD). SAR computation uses (FDTD) in the way the limited space of time, to calculate the specific absorption rate. The results have been compared with standards averaged over any 1 g of tissue and averaged over any 10 g of tissue. It didn't exceed the applicable standard.This work evaluates specific absorption rate (SAR) at different ages of three people. Firstly, old man, who was estimated to head 100% size of header used in the program SEMCAD - X. Secondly Adult man was estimated his head by 85% size of header used in program, and finally the child who was estimated his head by 65% size of header used in the program SEMCAD - X, the design hand has been used with all cases.The design of the mobile phone software works in four different packages of frequencies; the packets are the center frequencies 900MHz 1800MHz, 2100MHz and 2400MHz, when increased frequency the SAR increased but in the some state and frequency decreasing.The Evaluation of SAR in the head and the hand of the user device and the generic phone, the highest value of SAR decreases with increasing distance between the generic phone and the user's head and reducing the proportion was 50% for the old man, 40% for adult man and 35% for child. It can be noted that the angle of the rotation of the various frequencies is not fixed, while the ratio approximately is 25% for each angle of rotation.Also, it can be noted that for fixed frequency, the input power is increased to a double and the SAR have been used increased almost to a double.The different positions show that the methods of holding generic phone have a significant impact on the value of SAR. Therefore, the value of SAR can be reduced into 90% when using the correct method.The evaluation of SAR in these cases shows their influence on children and it was much greater than the adult human or old human by parentage 40% old man and 35% adult man.

مبدل فوتوفولطائي مايكروي احادي المرحلة نوع فلايباك المغذي للشبكة == Single Stage Grid - Connected Flyback Photovoltaic Microinverter

اسم المؤلف: مصطفى عباس فضل

اسم المشرف: تركي كحیوش حسن

الموضوع العام: هندسة الكهرباء والالكترون والاتصالات

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: هندسة الكهرباء - قدرة ومكائن

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكهربائية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

مسيطر السرعة المثالي بالاعتماد على المتجه المسيطر لمسوق محرك التيار المستمر عديم الفرش == Optimal Speed Controller Based On Vector Controlled For A Brushless DC Motor Drive

اسم المؤلف: مصطفى بشار عبد الملك

اسم المشرف: تركي كحيوش حسن

الموضوع العام: هندسة الكهرباء والالكترون والاتصالات

السنة: 2016

الموضوع الدقيق: هندسة الكهرباء - قدرة ومكائن

الدرجة: ماجستير

الجامعة: الجامعة المستنصرية - كلية الهندسة - قسم الهندسة الكهربائية

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: اصبحت محركات التيار المستمر عديمة الفرش شائعة جدا في الكثير من المجالات مثل في الصناعة والتطبيقات المنزلية؛ وذلك يعود الى مميزاتها العديدة على محركات التيار المستمر ذوات الفرش والمحركات الحثية؛ مثل كفائتها العالية, كثافة قدرتها العالية وحجمها الصغيرنسب | Brushless DC (BLDC) motors have become very popular in various fields such as in industry or home appliances; and that is due to their many advantages over the brushed DC motors and the induction motors such as their higher efficiency, high power density and respectively low volume. The traditional and most popular way to drive BLDC motor is by using six - step or trapezoidal technique. This technique however has several problems such as high torque ripple and high distortion in the currents. This thesis presents a BLDC motor drive system where the performance of the motor is improved on various aspects. The first aspect is to improve the speed response by using particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique to find the optimal parameters of the speed controller. The second aspect is to reduce the torque ripple associated with the traditional driving technique and also improve the dynamic response of the motor by using vector or field - oriented control to drive the motor. The third aspect is improving the total harmonic distortion (THD) of the voltages and currents by using multilevel inverter. The last aspect is driving the motor in sensorless operation for reduced cost and for applications where speed and position sensors cannot be used; this operation uses a flux - linkage observer with a phase - locked loop (PLL) structure to estimate the position and speed of the rotor. The control methods are modeled using MATLAB/Simulink program and the results show that the proposed systems has significant improvement in performance as compared with the traditional technique in terms of speed response, torque ripple and THD of the voltages and currents