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الاغتيالات السياسية في بغداد وسر من راى في العصر العباسي الثاني 247 - 334هـ : دراسة تاريخية == Political assassinations in Baghdad and the mystery of the saw in the second Abbasid era 334 - 237 AH Historical Study

اسم المؤلف: نغم جودي مهدي
اسم المشرف: عمار محمد يونس الساعدي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: كربلاء
الصفحات الاولى:
الملخص:
المصادر:

خطط المدينة المنورة في كتاب معجم البلدان لياقوت الحموي ت626هـ

اسم المؤلف: ميثم عبيد جواد الطائي
اسم المشرف: ميثم مرتضى مصطفى
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: كربلاء
الصفحات الاولى:
الملخص:
المصادر:

ثورة الامام الحسين (عليهم السلام) في المصنفات الشامية والمصرية خلال العصر المملوكي (648 - 923هـ/1250 - 1517م) == Imam Hussein Revolution (?) in maize and Egyptian works during the Mamluk period (648 - 923h / 1250 - 1517m

اسم المؤلف: سجى جاسب خضير الدلفي
اسم المشرف: اسراء مهدي مزبان
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The writing about Imam Hussein () and revolution meant to write about the great of the great rabbis, no less important than writing about the prophets, it is the inheritor of the sciences is the cause of Noranihm and boarding house in fact, Fetorth () represented the most prominent manifestations of challenge and confrontation with Umayyad state is in the early strength, Vtaddt writings and research abounded around and took aspects of the revolution Mokhtlvha, and wrote about the revolution in Husseiniya all workbooks but they overlooked all studied in maize and Egyptian works, especially in the Mamluk era. The study of Imam Hussein Revolution () represented a great importance in the Egyptian Levantine works during the Mamluk era, It is a great choice as a study academy is to know and investigate the views of Muslim historians in this era in Egypt and the Levant in the Imam Hussein Revolution () and from different Islamic sects, whether they Shafa'i order or Hnblin or doctrine Maliki or Hanafi, abounded opinions revolution Hosseinieh Some of them were calling it the discretion of him and saw that come out as he saw other remaining silent and not to their preference wars, and some of them saw as a revolution against tyranny and the duty of Muslims to follow In light of the above, we found that should hold such delve into the subject and to highlight what is true and what is the falsity of the claim and the questioning of the principles of the holy revolution and non - delivery of each novels cited by historians Egyptians and Ahamyin during the Mamluk era. Thesis is divided into an introduction, three chapters and a conclusion and then the list of primary sources and modern references, devoted the first chapter to the study of historians of the Mamluk era resources in Egypt and the Levant and their approach in documenting the news of Imam Hussein (), and included three sections we dealt with in the first section (news from Imam Hassan resources ( )), and the second section (their approach in documenting the news of Imam Hussein ()), and the third (the difference between historians era mamluk in writing news revolution Imam Hussain . we discussed in the second chapter of the revolution of Imam Hussein () in maize workbooks, came in three sections, the first (the motives of the revolution and its causes) and the second topic (out of Imam Hussein ( ) to Iraq and the stages of the road), and third (located tuff and public attitudes Shami of Imam Hussein revolution (). And accept the third chapter to the study of Imam Hussein Revolution () in the Egyptian works)included tow points studied in the first (the position of Imam Hussain of allegiance to increase in the era of maaouya ibn abi sufyaan) secondly (the position of Imam Hussain of allegiance to increase in the era of over) in the era mamluk ,dedicated conclusion to view what we have reached its results. The researcher found to a number of the most important results : . 1 - Diversity adoption of historians Egyptians and Ahamyin the Mamluk period the number of resources in their writings in the Imam Hussein Revolution (), varied between abundance in some of them as stated in the books of hadith and history, and few in others it has over most historians the introduction of a particular book, while Say transferred from other books, as well as less transferred from the special killing of Imam Hussein, books (); because they date back to the authors Shiites or that they are accused of Shiism, as he claims Bazhm as authors Shiites or accused of Shiism 2 - Many transfer novels is known and anonymous, and that's what wrong with the historians in this era regarding Aiardhm to accounts belonging to Imam Hussein (), and news without reference to their sources confirmed that the revenue thus novels is one of the negative aspects of their dependence on the unknown resources. 3 - Use some historians Egyptians and Ahamyin contrast to support novel supplied by sometimes cite some of Sindh fully or shortcut, while others do not care to support novel and supplied from the non - support. 4 - The lack of criticism of novels cited by historians Egyptians Ahameon in the field of their news from the Imam Hussein Revolution (), but historians such as Ibn Taymiyyah and golden and the son of a lot, and this refers to the character who Anmazat by the writings of the Mamluk era to mention accidents and shortcut without elaborating on the details and special events Previous eras them 5 - Not added historians in the Mamluk era, much to put them all together to the sources and organize information and methods of writing historical method is the same as that already used by former historians them, but there are advantages of belonging to every age writes in history wholly followed the Egyptian school roads and areas are almost differ from school maize. 6 - Reported Levantine workbooks motivated several of the Imam Hussein Revolution () that emerged from the revolution, a policy pursued by Muawiya ibn Abi Sufyan from the liquidation of opponents and the killing of the owners of the Prophet Muhammad (), and the Promotion of Virtue and Prevention of Vice, which has become visible and symbols increases and corruption and as well as these motives highlighted motive workbooks adopted by Imam Hussein () in which he left the supervisor wrote Alkoviin him and showed several novels in size and plentiful books that he had received 7 - I have tried a number of historians Ahamyin in their works obliterated most of the circumstances of the tuff incident, and distortion of the facts, including the Aiardhm novels related to talk that took place between Omar bin Saad and between Imam Hussein () and saying that the Imam asked the Omar bin Saad three conditions that we have mentioned and Navt truth namely, that the Imam did not ask for that and the reason behind these stories is an attempt to reduce the courage of Imam Hussein (). 8 - It is clear that the information on the revolution Imam Hussain in the works of Egyptian during the period mamluk are scarce compared when historians shami it seems that the reason for the return to the inheritance intellectual in the field of writing historical for both sides , in the levant dahrt the writings of previous summed up Imam Hussain best known that writings what without the son of soldiers in join Damascus , as well as the months library included inheritance intellectual Shiite been burned by after the fall of the state Fatimid

اسهامات ضريري العراق واثرهم في الحياة العلمية 1 - 334هــ == Iraqi Blinds Contributions In The Scientific Lif(334H/945AD)

اسم المؤلف: سوسن فاضل كاظم الدريساوي
اسم المشرف: اسراء مهدي مزبان
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تحتل دراسة تاريخ اسهامات ضريري العراق واثرهم في الحياة العلمية من 1 - 334هـ اهمية كبيرة، وذلك كون تاريخ العلماء المكفوفين هو جزء لا يتجزا من تاريخ الدولة العربية الاسلامية, وفي ظله عاش هؤلاء العلماء حياة امنة مطمئنة انعكست اثارها في ما خلفوه من نتاجات علمية متنوعة اسهمت في دعم الحركة الفكرية عموما، ومن اجل الوقوف على تصور واضح عن طبيعة الحياة العلمية لعلماءنا المكفوفين وعن كيفية وصول هؤلاء العلماء الى تلك الدرجة العلمية التي قد تضاهي العلماء المبصرين، يمكننا ايجاز ماتوصلنا اليه في دراستنا بما ياتي : 1 - توسعت المصطلحات التي تحمل معنى فقدان البصر في كلتا العينين, وعدم القدرة على الرؤيا، ومن تلك المصطلحات : العمى والكفيف والاكمه، ومفهوم الضرير، وان تلك الاعاقة لا تمنع صاحبها من اداء عمله بشكل سليم .2 - يعد العراق من مراكز الاشعاع الفكري في الدولة العربية الاسلامية في القرون الاولى، اذ بدات الدولة تدعم وتشجع العلم والعلماء ومن ضمنهم العلماء المكفوفين، ان دور العراق كان دورا قياديا ورائدا اغنى النهضة الحضارية في ارجاء الدولة العربية، وقدم خدمة انسانية للبشرية جمعاء، وكان لهذا انعكاسا جيدا على تطوير الحركة الفكرية .3 - اولى الدين الاسلامي المعاقين وذوي الاحتياجات الخاصة اهتماما كبيرا ونخص منهم الضريرين،وتمثل ذلك بذكرهم في القران الكريم والسنة النبوية الشريفة، واجماع ائمة المسلمين، فضلا عن الاحكام الشرعية التي اختصت بهم، ومن الجدير بالذكر ان الدين الاسلامي كفل لهم الرعاية وحفظ حقوقهم وكرامتهم .4 - اسهمت الدولة العربية الاسلامية في ضمان تعلم المكفوفين, ومد يد العون والدعم لهم اذ ان الاسلام قد وقف موقفا نبيلا من المكفوفين, واهتم باهم المراكز العلمية التي تلقوا علومها فيها، فضلا عن الاهتمام بطرق تعليم الضريرين عن طريق توسيع نشاطهم العلمي واتقان علومهم .5 - شارك العلماء المكفوفين اقرانهم من العلماء المبصرين في المسيرة العلمية، واسهموا معهم في النهوض بها، وحققوا كثيرا من النتاجات الفكرية في مختلف العلوم التي اصبح لها الاثر الكبير في الحياة العلمية انذاك .6 - كان الاهتمام بالعلوم الدينية اهم ما يميز الحياة العلمية في العراق في تلك الحقبة؛ لان الدين الاسلامي كان في بداياته الاولى للظهور، ولهذا ابدع العلماء من الضريرين في تلك العلوم كونها علوم لسانية لا تعتمد على المشاهدة والتجربة, ومن اهم تلك العلوم علوم القران الكريم, ولاسيما القراءات القرانية، كذلك علوم الحديث النبوي الشريف، وهناك عدد من الرواة والمحدثين قد برزوا في تلك الفترة الزمنية .7 - للضريرين من العلماء اثر كبير في علوم اللغة العربية وادابها وفنونها، فقد افرزت تلك الفترة ثلة من العلماء النحويين واللغويين والشعراء, واصحاب الخطب من المكفوفين وهم كوكبة رائعة كان لها نتاجات من الدواوين الشعرية، والكتب اللغوية والنحوية اغنت المكتبة العربية الاسلامية في هذا المجال العلمي .8 - اهتم العراقيون بالعلوم الانسانية ومنها اللغة العربية والتاريخ كبقية الامم الاخرى، اذ كانت لهم اسهامات رائعة في هذا المجال، اما فيما يخص علمائنا المكفوفين، فقد كانت لهم اسهامات ونتاجات محددة قد اختصرت على كتب التراجم او السيرة الذاتية التي فقد منها الكثير كبقية الكتب المفقودة، فضلا عن علم الجغرافية الذي اختصر الامر على العالم الجليل سعدان بن عثمان بن مبارك ومصنفاته التي لم تصل الينا للاسف .9 - يمكن ان نوعز اسباب عدم وجود علماء كثر في العلوم التطبيقية من الضريرين الى ان تلك العلوم تقوم على اساس المشاهدة والمعاينة والتجربة, بخلاف ماعرفناه عن العلوم اللسانية التي اعتمدت على سمع المعلومة، وقابلية الحفظ، ومن تلك العلوم الطب وعلم الحيوان التي امتازت بالقلة في عدد العلماء وفي مصنفاتهم .10 - اهتم العراقيون بالفنون والموسيقى كبقية العلوم الاخرى، وللعلماء الضريرين اثر في تلك العلوم، فاسحاق الموصلي قد اشتهر بفن الموسيقى والغناء ، واضاف للموسيقى منهجا ، وبهذا نجد ان فقدان البصر لم يقلل من بصيرتهم العلمية والفنية .11 - ان المنهج الفكري وطريقة التعليم الذي عرف قبل الاسلام يعتمد بالدرجة الاولى على الحفظ والذاكرة في نقل العلم وتداوله، وهذا الامر قد ساعد في تطور العلوم عند المكفوفين الذين اعتمدوا في تعليمهم على الحفظ والذاكرة، وقد افادتهم في تطوير علمهم وفي تاليف مصنفاتهم . | The study of Iraqi blinds history and their impact occupies in the scientific life of (1 - 334AH) has a great significance because that the history of blind scientists is an integral part of the history of the Arab - Islamic state thus the scientists safe life reflected the effects of their Scientific outputs which supported the general intellectual movement, So from this study resulted stand on a clear conception of the nature of the scientific life of our scientists blind and how to access these scientists to that degree may match sighted scientists, from this study we concluded the following : 1 - The terms which the carry the meaning of loss of vision in both eyes, and the inability to vision ,was expanded and those terms : blind & sightless and visionless , and the concept of the blind, and that disability does not prevent the person from the performance of his work properly.2 - Islam had a noble behavior with disabled , and made to him an open way once to discover life, and participate his existence with others at other times3 - Iraq is one of the intellectual radiation centers in the Arab - Islamic state in the early centuries, whereas the state began its supports and promotes science and scientists, including the blind scientists and the role of Iraq was a leadership role and richest cultural renaissance throughout the Arab state this gave a humanitarian service to all mankind, and it made a good reflection to the development of intellectual movement. 4 - Islamic religion gave so much attention to disabled and those with special needs. Carrying out the blind , represented in their mentioned in the Koran and the Sunnah, and the consensus of leaders of the Muslims, as well as legal provisions that singled them, it is worth mentioning that the Islamic religion guaranteed them the care and preservation of their rights and their dignity.5 - Arab Islamic state had a contribution to ensure learning to blinds , and to help and support them , thus Islam has noble behavior to blinds and interested in the most important scientific centers where they received the sciences, as well as its interest in ways of teaching blinds through the expansion of scientific activity and perfecting their science.. 6 - blind Scientists participated their colleagues from sighted scientists in the scientific process, and help them to promote it, and made a lot of intellectual productions in various fields of science, which has become a significant impact in the scientific life at the time.7 - At that era The interest in religious sciences was most important characteristic of scientific life in Iraq; in the beginning of Islam appearance , so blind scientist devise in those sciences because its lingual Science does not depend on the viewer experience, and the most important science Koran Sciences , especially Koran readings, as well as the Hadith Sharif Sciences, there are a number of narrators and modernists have appeared at that time period.8 - Blind scientist has a great effect on Arabic languages and its literatures , thus that era produced a good galaxy of scientist, grammarians , linguists, poets and orators of blind people who are brilliant constellation had a great outputs of poems , language and grammar books that enriched Arab Islamic library in this scientific field .. 9 - Iraqi were interested in social sciences, including Arabic language, history like other nations, they had a wonderful contributions in this field and about our blind scientist , they had a special contributions may be summed up on the books of biography or autobiography lost them like other missing books , as well as geo - science, which shortened it to the world Galilee Saadane bin Othman bin Mubarak and his works, which unfortunately did not reach us,.. 10 - we Can conclude one of reasons of the absence of many scientists in applied science from blinds and science which based on viewing the preview and experience, unlike what we know about Linguistic science that based on hearing information, and the ability of memorize like medicine and zoology , which was characterized by its fewer number of scientists in their works.11 - Iraqis interested in arts, music like other sciences , and blind scientists has a great impact in those sciences, Ishak Musli was known in music and singing, and he added to the music a curriculum, thus we find that the loss of sight did not detract from the scientific and technical insight. 12 - The intellectual approach and method of education, which was known before Islam depends primarily on conservation and memory in the transfer of science and its negotiation , that helped the development of science when blind people who depended on their education on conservation and memorize, has benefited them in the development of their knowledge and in the formation of their works

الاثر الفكري للعراقيين في مصر وبلاد الشام خلال القرنين الثامن والتاسع الهجريين == Intellectual impact of Iraqis in Egypt and the Levant during the eighth and ninth centuries AD

اسم المؤلف: حيدر عبيد عناد الكرعاوي
اسم المشرف: فاضل جابر ضاحي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The reason behind the selection of the theme " the intellectual impact of Iraqis in Egypt and the Levant during the eighth and ninth centuries the of the Hegira " is that despite this period literature studies did not address the impact of Iraq's scientists and intellectual contributions and the extent of their influence in Egypt and the Levant little although the two diagonal lines from Arabic countries which possessed an ancient civilization and authentic heritage of great scientific and scientific stock is great but it has embraced large Iraqi annexation of wealth between Enjoy all aspects of life within the period laid down for the search, and this age though what was of negatives that may be unethical, and guests in the it era is important because of the significant impact of Mamluk sultans in the protection of Egypt and the Levant from the mightiest forces attacks on Arabic and Islamic country, the first stop creep besieging bindra, the second face of the Crusades and their expulsion from the Levant, Egypt and even offshore islands that were under their influence.I spun the Mamluks modelled on predecessors of the Fatimids and Ayyubids in promoting science and scientists, so you might have seen Egypt and Syria on their comprehensive scientific revolution led to encourage scientists and students to leave and head towards Egypt and the Levant, especially after the fall of Baghdad, however, the Mongols, UT scientists from all corners of the Muslim world after it found that aspire from security and stability, respect and encouragement, this led to stimulating the creativity and genius of many scientists who have left behind a lot of Their offspring both scientific law or science in language sciences and mental science, and others, and the nature of the Finder scientific movement of the era, he could devise development through much of the role of science and worship (mosques and schools, and the corners) and the bookcases and the effectiveness of these libraries in attracting scholars and students, as well as some Governors command of Governors and Princes in caring science and scientists, the role of science and its maintenance facilities andBstudents And teachers, this is what was actually in Egypt and the Levant.Hence the urgent need to study for that era and what was the comfort of science and scientists, the impact of Iraqi scientists in the growth and evolution of thought and scientific side in Egypt and the Levant during the eighth and ninth century Hijri.In any case, the title " the intellectual impact of Iraqis in Egypt and the Levant during the eighth and ninth centuries the of the Hegira " guarantee clearly the position of the researcher of research material and elements of the message board they have scientifically dealt with efforts by scientists in the study and teaching of Islamic sciences, linguistic, social, mental and creative scientists identified and their products order and classification wetlamiza, moreover, places where those scientists completed their studies and writings from mosques, schools and others.After we reviewed to real - life scientific and intellectual impact of Iraqis in Egypt and the Levant in the eighth and ninth centuries the of the Hegira through chapters the message we can conclude what comes - I have characterized the Mamluk period in the eighth and ninth centuries the of the Hegira that era intellectual movement and great scientific activity in addition to excellence in political and military side that helped defeat the Mongols and break their Thorn and the expulsion of the Crusaders from the Arabic area and dimensions of the menace and the Levant and Egypt then leadership of the Muslim world after the fall of Baghdad, the Abbasid Caliphate in Egypt and some political and economic stability. - As a result of the Mamluk period of political circumstances and jihadi form a challenge and motivation for standing up to disclose those challenges Through the establishment of a scientific life was earnest and strenuous efforts by scientists and scholars and mocked all their energies in the fields of science and knowledgeCall about enriching libraries of scientific contributions and comunity books to increase consciousness of scientific and jihadist to stand against external challenges - Therefore there was broad interest in religious sciences, legality being touched Muslim doctrine that is essentially the Foundation of faith in addition to not neglect the rest of other sciences - The Mamluk sultans were also particularly in the eighth and ninth centuries Ah big role and great effort in the interest of science and encourage scientists and made in funds which Has had a significant impact on the prosperity and development of science - This interest has manifested itself clearly in abundance and develop educational institutions And these institutions were schools and mosques and gorges, angles and splicing and built hospitals (albmiarstanat) and scientific libraries, the sultans in monitoring endowments to provide these institutions with everything for the Renaissance of science and encourage students - As a result of this effort and attention, in turn, led to the emergence of many scientists and thus The preponderance of the scientific literature and in all forensic science, language and social and mental ones - Almost all political and economic stability and the fall of Baghdad and the interest and promote the sultans of science and scientists of the plethora of scientific and educational institutions as mentioned above make of Egypt and the Levant to be kiss for scientists who had significantly impact intellectual progress, especially in the eighth and ninth centuries Ah - The effect size of Iraqi scientists in Egypt and the Levant during the research period was great, and the diverse and multiple, including readings, and interpretation, and the science of Hadith, Fiqh, science and Arabic language, as well as mental science, medicine, astronomy and other sciences and was at the forefront of science where scientists, Quranic readings and Hadith as the 8th and 9th century Ah is a period of religious sciences, legality and then other sciencesD - Here we must point out the many schools of doctrine and four freedom of study and teaching However, there was a clear narrowing of intellectual movement in Egypt and the Levant during the eighth and ninth centuries AH and this is contrary to intellectual freedom in the Fatimid era - Scientists have had a significant impact on the scientific movement in Egypt and the Levant by the tradition of writings like his wonderful Safieddine jewelry or their authors are a standard for learners and learners and scientists at Millennium Zainuddin Iraqi talking. - The presence of large numbers of Iraqi scientists who are classified, and talent and arts where he found many of them gathered, Nona multiple science and took, as modern interpretation, Fiqh, language and literature, history and controversy and debate, medicine, astronomy, etc. Some had perfected many of those arts teaching and composition and matchups. - It was noted that most scientists who moved to Egypt and the Levant in the eighth and ninth centuries Ah were one of the four schools of Sunni Islam, especially since Egypt and the Levant was the symbol of lltsnn leaving the city of Wasit in the eighth century Hijri radiation Qur'anic studies and modern city of Hilla was a symbol and a platform for Science religious and mental and moral. - This topic needs to other researchers ' efforts to address the impact of Egypt and the Levant folks in Iraq as many scholars of Egypt and the Levant had come to Iraq demanding science

وزراء مغول فارس واثرهم في الحياة العامة (656 - 736هـ/1258 - 1336م) == Mongol Ministers of Persia and their impact in public life 656 - 736 A.H - 736 - 1258 A.C

اسم المؤلف: عواد سلمان ساجت الزيدي
اسم المشرف: اسراء مهدي مزبان
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This thesis entitled ( Mongol Ministers of Persia and their impact in public life , 656 - 736 A.H - 736 - 1258 A.C. ) dealt with ministry establishment in the Ilkhanate state since origination , then the development stage till maturity and prosperity . As progress of any state overshadows all of its institutions including ministry establishment , so is its fate when it faces misfortune or collapse . This was the fate of ministry at the era of the Ilikhan Mongols after the end of the reign of the great sultans like Ghazan and his brother Gaato. The state returned with all institutions after a full century rule. According to that , this thesis has been divided into an introduction , four chapters , a conclusion and supplements followed by the a list of bibliography sources and references. The chapters dealt with ; - The first chapter studied the history of the ministers at the era of the pagan rulers. The origination of the ministry and the stages of its development has been discussed. Then we mentioned the qualifications of the ministers that enabled them to get their position in additions to the reasons that led to their death despite the great services they made. - The second chapter does not differ in content from what was mentioned in the previous chapter, but the difference is that the history of the ministers at the era of the muslim rulers has been highlighted . - The third chapter studied the conflict that took place among the ministers and other courtiers . In the first part we dealt with the ministers' conflict with the staff in the ministry office . The second section was dedicated to describe the conflict of ministers with the princes' class. In the third section , the conflict which occurred among the ministers themselves has been studied . - The fourth chapter highlighted the influence of Ilikhan ministers in public life. In the first part, the role of ministers in the religious side has been studied, while the second section considered the role of ministers in the economic side . In the third section , the role of ministers in cultural and urban sides were dealt with

تاريخ كسكر حتى بناء مدينة واسط

اسم المؤلف: علي حلو حسن الوائلي
اسم المشرف: محمد حسين علي السويطي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: امتازت اراضي وادي الرافدين لاسيما في القسم الجنوبي منه بالخصوبة والخير الوفير؛ لذلك توالت عليها الهجرات، وصارت مستقرا لاقوام عديدة، كالسومريين والبابليين، ومستوطنا لاديان متنوعة كالصابئة واليهود النصارى المجوس ومن ثم الاسلام، وترتب على اثر ذلك نشوء مدن في هذه الارض المباركة تركت اثرها الواضح في التاريخ الانساني، ومنها مدينة كسكر - موضوع رسالتنا هذه - الذي جاء تحت عنوان (تاريخ كسكر حتى بناء مدينة واسط).وقد تظافرت عدة عوامل لتؤدي بنا الى هذا الاختيار، في طليعتهراغبتنا الشخصية في توثيق اخبار هذه المدينة التي شكلت اساس المدينة التي انتسب اليها مدينة واسط التي شيدت في العصور الاسلامية، فضلا عن محاولتنا الاسهام في تصحيح فهم البعض الخاطئ لحضارتنا الاسلامية وتوظيفه لتحقيق مصالحهم الدنيوية في تهجير وقتل اهل الذمة وشرائح المجتمع الاخرى من خلال ابراز صورة التعايش السلمي في هذه المدينة.وكان لتشجيع عدد من اساتذة التاريخ الاسلامي في طليعتهم اساتذتنا كالدكتور عطا سلمان والدكتور فاضل جابر، واساتذة اخرين من الجامعات العراقية، مثل الدكتور عامر عجاج من جامعة بابل والدكتور رحيم حلو من جامعة البصرة والدكتور رائد الحصونة من جامعة ذي قار والدكتور نعمة من الجامعة المستنصرية والدكتور عمار نصار من جامعة الكوفة اثر كبير في المضي في مشروعنا البحثي الذي حددنا نطاقه المكاني بمدينة كسكر التي شكلت مساحة كبيرة من وسط وجنوب ارض السواد، وحدود زمانية انتهت بسنة (86ه/705م) وهو تاريخ انتهاء الحجاج بن يوسف الثقفي (ت95ه) من بناء واسط.سادتي الافاضل : ان موضوع تاريخ كسكر من الموضوعات التاريخية الصعبة والمعقدة، بسبب قلة المادة التاريخية الواردة بخصوصها وتناثر معلوماتها في بطون الكتب بصورة عبارات غير مفهومة وغالبا ما كانت مكررة، لذلك لا ادعي الكمال في عملي هذا، لان الكمال لله سبحانه وتعالى اولا ولان بعض المواضع في هذه الرسالة مزاالت بحاجة الى مزيد من النوص التاريخية لتدعيمها لاسيما ما خص الفصل الثالث من رسالتنا هذه الخاص بالحياة الدينية والاجتماعية، ولا اخفيكم سرا اذا ما قلت انني قررت في مرات كثيرة ان اغير هذا الموضوع الا ان تشجيع اساتذتي وزملائي جعلني اعدل عن راي ذا وبالنتيجة احقق ما هو بين ايديكم من نتاج. وقد اقتضت طبيعة البحث في رسالتنا هذه ان نقسمها على اربعة فصول، سبقتها مقدمة وضحت مفهوم الموضوع ونطاقه ومسوغات اختياره، بحث الفصل الاول في الموقع الجغرافي لكسكر واصل تسميتها، وعرض الفصل الثاني احوال كسكر الادارية والسياسية، وخصص الفصل الثالث لعرض الاحوال الدينية والاجتماعية والعلمية لكسكر, وبحثنا في الفصل الرابع الحياة الاقتصادية في كسكر وعرجنا فيه على نشاط اهلها في مجالات الزراعة والصناعة والتجارة، وقفيت الرسالة بخاتمة اوجزنا فيها اهم الاستنتاجات التي توصلنا اليها، ومن ثم ملاحق توضيحية وقائمة بمصادر الرسالة ومراجعها. ولعل اهم النتائج التي تمخضت عن رسالتنا هذه ان كسكر تمتعت باهمية بالغة عند ملوك الفرس ومن ثم العرب الفاتحين لما شكلته من موقع استراتيجي، لما تمتلكه من مقومات اقتصادية تمثلت بخصوبة ارضها ووفرة مياهها ونقاء مناخها، وان سكناها كانوا من مكونات اجتماعية ودينية متنوعة من الفرس المجوس والدهاقين والعرب النصارى، وانها عرفت بنشاط اقتصادي مميز لاسيما في مجال تربية الطيور والاسماك، وكانت الامثال تضرب بالبط والدجاج الكسكري، كما تضرب الامثال بانتاجها الزراعي لطعمه المميز ووفرة انتاجه، كما انها تميزت بصناعة الخمور لوجود مواده الاولية وكذلك صناعة النسيج وغيرها من الصناعات، كما برع اهلها في مجال العلم والمعرفة، وفي مجال البناء والعمران والهندسة، بدليل اخذ الحجاج ابواب كسكر وغيرها من المعالم العمرانية والهندسية عند بنائه واسط فيما بعد.وقبل ختام هذا الموجز لا يسعني الا ان اتوجه بالشكر العظيم لربي (الذي هدانا لهذا وما كنا لنهتدي لولا ان هدانا الله)، والى الاساتذة الافاضل رئيس واعضاء لجنة المناقشة لقبولهم مناقشة رسالتي وتقويمها، والشكر موصول الى استاذي المشرف الاخ والمعلم والقدوة الدكتور محمد حسين السويطي الذي امدني من كرم اخلاقه قبل وافر علمه، فكان لارشاداته العلمية ابلغ الاثر في تذليل مشاكل البحث.كما اجد لزاما علي ان اتقدم بوافر الشكر وعظيم الامتنان الى رئيس قسم التاريخ الدكتور حسين الاعرجي، والى اساتذتي الكرام الذين كان لي شرف التلمذة على ايديهم، والشكر موصول الى زملائي طلبة الدراسات العليا؛ لدعمهم المعنوي لنا، واعتذر منهم عن ذكر الاسماء لضيق الوقت. - وختاما اقول : ان هذا الجهد البحثي هو محاولة لم ندخر في سبيلها جهدا ولا وقتا، نرجو ان نكون قد وفقنا في عرضها، واعطاء الموضوع قيمته العلمية التي يستحقها، ونعتذر سلفا من الاخطاء والهفوات التي وقعنا فيها، ونستعين هنا بقوله تعالى : {ربنا لا تؤاخذنا ان نسينا او اخطانا}، فهما افة الانسان اليوم، وفوق كل ذي علم عليم، فالانسان مهما بلغ، فهو نحو الكمال سائر...ختاما شكري وتقديري الى كل من حضر المناقشة، واسال الله التوفيق لي ولهم، واخر دعوانا ان الحمد لله رب العالمين والسلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته

الثائر زيد بن علي (عليه السلام) في مصنفات المسلمين في شمالي افريقيا والاندلس == The rebellion Zaid Ibin Ali (peace upon him) in the categorized references of North Africa and Andalusia

اسم المؤلف: صباح عبد محمد السراي
اسم المشرف: سادسة حلاوي حمود
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The rebellious Zaid Ibin Ali Ibin Abi Talib (peace upon him) is a distinguished figure of family bloodline of the prophet Muhammed, one of the famous scholars, grand Islamic Jurisprudent and one of the prophet household advocates. He gained many glorified titles form the infallible Imams (peace be upon them) and Bani - Hashem (Hashem household), i.e. the ally of al - Quran, the martyr, and Aba Al Hussain. Such titles would not be given to a person unless he is knowledgeable, revered and respected. This study has come up with following conclusion : The categorized references of North Africa and Andalusia did not address all the events which Nation of Islam went through within the period precede the uprising of Zaid Bin Ali (peace upon them) as well as the following events. Moreover, those references did not address Zaid’s uprising neutrally as most of them quoted from the Orientalist books which quoted from the alliances of the ruler who were not in favor of the oppressed Islamic peoples and the leader of its revolution. Most of those resources were written based on the inclinations of the rulers during the Umayyad and Abbasid Caliphates. Therefore, it could be said that these references are biased. Zaid’s life, his name and place of his crucifixion and all related details are known by the Imams (peace be upon them) through the prophetic hadiths narrated by many people as the prophet was told by Angel Gabriel who told the prophet what will be happened to Zaid. The date of Zaid’s birth is a controversial issue among historians as they fail to recognize its accurate date as we have two opinions; the first stated that al - Mukhtar al - Thaqafi has gifted Imam al - Sajjad )zaid’s father) a captive brought from Sindh and al Sajjad married her (who will be Zaid’s mother later). Therefore, if we take into account zaid’s birth is between (66 - 68 H/686 - 688 AD) and Abu Hamza al - Thumalis opinion as he stated that the Imam al - Sajjad consummated the marriage with her at the same night she was brought to him and she came pregnant ever since, we can conclude that his age when met martyrdom was 42 years. Zaid (peace upon him) was “the caller to Allah, the pious, Mujahid who struggles for the Sake of Allah, the Imam of the prophetic household”, his brother Muhammed al - Bakir said. In addition, he was one of the main sources of religion and jurisprudence as he was famous of educational, scientific, and humanitarian knowledge and that made him the best among his peers. Historians and scholars of different Islamic sects benefited from the knowledge of Zaid Bin Ali and they were able to recognize the extrapolated provisions and true prophetic hadiths. This is not strange as Zaid raised in the prophetic house which is the source of knowledge. The persons who taught by the prophet progeny become great Islamic scholars. Zaid has been taught by al Sajjad and al Baqir and al Sadeq (peace be upon them) not by Wasil ibn Ata the founder of Mutazilite School as alleged. The study revealed the good relation between Zaid (peace be upon him) and the infallible Imams (peace be upon them) through the hadiths and teachings attributed to them which he referred to repeatedly. The narrations indicated that Zaid’s holly head was taken from al Sham to al Medina, then transferred to Egypt at the same year he met martyrdom in contrary to the allegations which stated that the holly head wasn’t taken to al Medina. In addition, the study shows that the holy head is buried in Egypt in the Masjid which is known as Zain al Abedeen Masjid, this Masjid was named Mehres Al Khesy Masjid. As for the shrine located in Iraq between al Kefl and al Qasem sub district which is known as Zaid Ibin Ali Ibn al Hussein, it is not the resting place but it’s the place of crucifixion as Umayyad burnt his body, crashed, and scattered it in Euphrates and farms. Finally, the results of this study may not be final as this modest study and any scholar might not be able to cover all the aspects of this great character. Nevertheless, I hope that I was successful in my endeavor and providing a study benefiting whoever seeks information on the life and strife and knowledge of rebellion Zaid. Our last call is praise is due to Allah, Lord of the worlds and God blessings and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad and his purified progeny

النقد التاريخي عند مؤرخي التراجم الشاميين في القرن الثامن الهجري == Historical criticism when historians translations Shamian(Syrian) in the eighth century AH

اسم المؤلف: Sifa Sharid Nasir Hussein Al - Rikbi
اسم المشرف: فاضل جابر ضاحي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The historic criticism, is truly considered one of the significant subjects which really deserves study and research. It is one of the studies that unveil the historian potency in getting out all ready - made decisions and to search for historic fact according to researchable pillars. that pillars express on the historians directions to correct the historic information and laying on for that the critic decisions and rules.Therefore, the criticism is not the A.H. - eighth century, but there were some historians who did proceed the Esh - shami (Damascus) historians in this scope, and who themselves had been tracking on the historians’ steps who proceeded them.As far as the importance of this abundant subject in criticism which sprang up its fruits by a lot of writings and corrects the track of others, and making straight more.Therefore, we have made up our minds to limit the research sector just during the A.H. eighth century only. paying the attention on the biographical books in the criticism scopes as easily as for revealing through the historians’ tendencies.It is likely a historian may lash out the characters who are against his creed and he may bring on false bibliographies and exaggerated ones against names and characters that might be fabricated and had no relation to reality. Here we have shed some light through narrating historians lives in the A.H eighth century of the same creed and how been effected by the general opinion and authority.It is really considered a good way to know a historian line of working. It is also making questions about the foundation essence which should be relied on, in order to know the historians’ desires and his sect directions. That may be answered through comparing the texts the historian narrated by other historians’ text, to get rid of ambiguity and to know the criticism truth which has been directed to a character and supporting or objecting and clearing the criticism reason.This subject is diverse with characters’ criticism and writers lately and modernized and bibliography criticism. Pointing out that we have limited the historians who dealt with criticism. Also we do mention the rest of Esh - shami historian in this century especially those who did not find out their writings. Also we do not give ahint to those Esh - shami historians in all their writings by just limited to narrating their writings on the bibliography domain due to the abundance of their writings in other specialty which no referred in the research scope.This research contains four chapters preceded by an introduction followed by a conclusion with the most distinguished results. The first chapter deals with describing the Esh - shami bibliography historians in the A.H eighth century. In it we have talked about the criticism concept and its birth. Then we shed lights on the Esh - shami bibliography historians. And we come to know their books and clarify the criticism intents for the bibliography historians.The second chapter deals with criticism of the literature, scientific, managing, and political characters. It is highly proper to say that we relied on comparing what we have mentioned of some of the characters written by the Esh - shami historians in the eighth century corresponding to the A.D. fourth century et cetera of the modern historian or to those who lived of the near period to those characters that criticism directed to.While the third chapter encircles around “the criticism to the writings” and the fourth with “ The historic narration criticism”.Of the most important results reached to here is Esh - shami historians care to the historian criticism as it came of their attention to the modern science. As most of them really care for it but that did not mean that the criticism which has been used is considered as the modernized criticism but as if these various characters has imposed on them using the historian criticism.Most of their writings in bibliography were footnotes about the writings of those who proceeded them such as al - Siqae, al - Katabi, al - Hussaini, al - Barzali, Ibn - Rajab, al - Salami. All those historians their methods are varied in criticism. For an example, al - Mizi who adopted the opinions in his bibliography criticism, without saying his personal opinions positively or negatively in most cases he dealt. While al - Dhahabi was an extreme critic, getting far from being objective so al - Sabki did criticize him.While al - Safadi was rather balanced in his criticism, with a step closed objectivity, but he is considered more as critic than narrating. And al - Salami was not a critic but interested in valuing the bibliography.And a historian has to know the writer sect who has been taking his narrations in case he revealed a character. As this knowledge may provide him how to deal with the texts narrated by the historian dealt with. Therefore, he would acquire an idea about his intents, and opinions then he will compare it with others of the bibliographies. Through criticizing Esh - shami historians to the modern characters they will obtain the truth of these characters especially al - Safadi criticizing to his century elite and those who connected with relations and knew each other’s.

الامام علي (عليه السلام) في تفسيري الطبرسي وابن كثير : دراسة مقارنة == Imam Ali in the authoresses Al Tabarsi and Ibn Kathir Comparison study

اسم المؤلف: ضحى جواد كامل جبار
اسم المشرف: حيدر مزهر عسكر
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Praise be to Allah, peace and blessings be upon His Prophets and Messengers of our Prophet Muhammad, The God of the good and virtuous : I have come through my study of the role of ((Imam Ali (peace be upon him) in a declaratory Tabarsi and Ibn Kathir \ comparative study)) to a set of results, namely : - - The Tabarsi methodology and the son of many in the interpretation of Koranic verses calamity against Imam Ali (AS) are similar in different and sometimes at other times, as interpreted by both the Holy Koran and talking, Sunnis and interpretation Mathur, while they disagreed on two points, namely : - The first point is that Tabarsi adopted in the interpretation of Koranic verses calamity against the Commander of the Faithful Ali bin Abi Talib (AS) on the language and to safeguard the Quranic text and maintenance of suspicion or distortion, while many on the language son was not adopted in its interpretation of the verses of calamity against Imam Ali ( p) The other point that disagreed with the interpretation of the opinion, where pull away Tabarsi in his interpretation of the Holy Quran for his opinion and diligence, but I rely on the narrators and sources and favored the view that I think that the right of opinion, but it sometimes does not mention the narrators or commentators names but only by saying : "He commentators" as been mentioned in the interpretation of the verse Almpahlp, or mention the first name of the interpreter only without the signal is intended, for example, he says : "Tabari said," but any Tabari mean? . But Ibn Kathir use diligence in his interpretation of the verses of calamity against the Commander of the Faithful Ali (AS), where I rely on his mind and reached the idea to clarify the meaning of the verse and interpreted - Other's finding is that the resources of both Tabarsi and the son of many in the interpretation of the Koran, also parallels in some of them and that's when relied on some of the companions and what they have said in the interpretation of Koranic verses calamity against Ali (a), such as Ibn Abbas, Muhammad ibn Ka'b Qurazi While they differ in the rest of the resources, where the money both to the commentators and narrators who match them in their faith and their beliefs have also been mentioned in the first chapter - Ignore both Mufsran name forward Ali and lineage and his birth and how it was born in the Kaaba was Ichira to that never in their interpretation of this count in the mentioned slightly on a range of other sources - Despite the similarity Tabarsi resources and Ibn Kathir in some Quranic verses but they Vsraha different from the other interpretation of the interpretation, and also differed in some verses in their resources, but they Vsraha interpretation similar because they adopted the interpretation Mathur significantly in their interpretation of the verses of the Koran - Ignores Ibn Kathir said Imam Ali (AS) in some verses of calamity against Imam Ali (AS), which is signified by and refuses to recognize. - Both Tabarsi did not mention the son of a lot of many important historical events, such as the pledge of allegiance Shed Battle of the Camel and Nahrawan, did Ichira to how the political situation and the situation of the Islamic state in the era of succession after the death of the Prophet Muhammad (r) is AVI but male few references about it - Ibn Kathir did not depend on the narrators of confidence in the interpretation of such Azhari, and tried to question and challenge biographical Immaculate of Imam Ali (AS) in his interpretation, as was mentioned in the case of alcohol, and also to argue in prayer, and in some cases he was referring to other verses that they got the right Ali (aS), and interpret the interpretation is consistent with other interpretations, and perhaps to impress the reader that everything written is true and in order to be able to convince them that Imam Ali (aS) was actually his bad habits such as drinking alcohol, and does not to the dawn prayers and argue Prophet Muhammad (r) in it - Interpreted the son of many verses which indicate the infallibility of Imam Ali (AS) and lead them to interpret similar Sometimes when interpreted Tabarsi, that is recognized inside the Imam Ali (AS) is the successor of the Messenger of Allah (p.) The proof of this when I got Surat innocence and said the Prophet Muhammad (p. ) were not performed not I or a man to me and make imam Ali (AS) is the one who has to notify the idolaters Surat innocence, but the son of many despite admitting to this matter, but did not publicly acknowledged and recalls that Ali (AS) is the rightful successor and proof of that is the Unhappy say Imam Ali (peace be upon him) or Ali (may Allah bless him) said that Sheikh Abu Bakr, Omar and Othman bin Affan they are deserving of this veneration and honor of Ali bin Abi Talib (AS), and while that is equal to them all, and while that does not mention Ali (p) of this veneration and honorThis Suffice I worked hard and I was the one God to help and guide, though he missed the Forgiving, the Merciful, and Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, prayer and peace be upon the Messengers and The God of the good and virtuous

معارف الجغرافية التاريخية في المرويات المنسوبة للامام جعفر الصادق (عليه السلام)

اسم المؤلف: محمد صالح سعيد الهاشمي
اسم المشرف: محمد حسين السويطي | ناصر والي الركابي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:

النقد التاريخي عند مؤرخي التراجم المصريين في القرن التاسع الهجري/الخامس عشر الميلادي == Historical Criticism for Historians Translations Egyptians During The Nine Century A.H

اسم المؤلف: احمد عليوي صاحب
اسم المشرف: فاضل جابر ضاحي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:

العلاقات التجارية بين العدوتين المغربية والاندلسية (524 - 668 هـ / 1130 - 1269 م)

اسم المؤلف: اريج غني جاسم
اسم المشرف: اسراء مهدي مزبان
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:

الشعر الجاهلي وثيقة تاريخية لدراسة معارف الانواء عند العرب == Pre - Islamic Poetry historical document for the study of knowledge of adversity when the Arabs

اسم المؤلف: محمود حمزة رزوقي
اسم المشرف: عطا سلمان جاسم | كاظم حمد محراث
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This researcher's share of the pre - Islamic era, and adversity : a Twenty - eight star in the sky and falling horoscope information, I think the Arabs in ignorance of its ability to harness the climate elements. This is believed to have originated in th harsh desert environment threatens its ways of life, making the storm a great beneficial impact in their lives. Find and very divided into four chapters preceded by a prelude : Eat the meaning of the language of petrels and convention. I discussed the first chapter : the impact of adversity in the time - division of the seasons of the year, and discussed the second chapter : the impact of adversity in the formation of mythology, of ignorance, of the beliefs and worship and ritual and legends, and search Chapter III : The impact of adversity in economic and military life, and seal the fourth quarter : the impact of adversity in the social aspects, the impact in astrology, and travel, generosity and Almisar. The body of the pre - Islamic poet, astronomer and science adversity, as it enables each wall to determine the accuracy of the features of this adversity, and diagnosis of influences on earth. And it can not be an integrated message about the scientific aspects of adversity, without harness poetic text to be founded

الفونسو السادس ودوره السياسي والعسكري ازاء الممالك الاسلامية في الاندلس == Alfonso VI and the political and military role Toward the Islamic kingdoms in Andalusia

اسم المؤلف: وليد نعمة حسين ال محبوبة
اسم المشرف: سادسة حلاوي حمود
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Dealt with this study tagged with (Alfonso VI political and military role against Islamic kingdoms) figure Alfonso VI, king of Castile and the Spanish North during the second half of the fifth century AH / eleventh century AD, and focused on the political and military role against Islamic kingdoms which Andalus ruled during that period, known idiomatically (cults countries) . The study included an introduction stating the reasons for selecting the topic and presentation of the most important sources and references that have been used, in addition to the preface on which it is addressed to the most important Islamic kingdoms that they still exist in Andalus, during the era of Alfonso VI . The thesis chapters, they are five chapters ldealt with them biography of Alfonso VI and personal life, in terms of his private life and his participation in political life, even imitated the king of Castile, and we discussed in the second quarter to Alfonso's policy towards the Islamic kingdoms that were lingering in Andalusia and have been associated with different relations which (Seville, Badajoz, Valencia, Zaragoza, Toledo, Granada) weapons and military equipment elements as well as elements of the army While the third chapter stated to military regulations Alfonso, from the army, weapons and military equipment elements as well as elements of the army, while the fourth chapter dealt to military campaigns launched by Alfonso VI towards these Islamic kingdoms, while Chapter V focused on stop crawling Christian dealt the reasons the in terms of the position of the People's circles Muslim anti - expansion Christian, or bring Almoravids to Andalusia to contribute countering these process and came in the end to stop it crawling including the right to the Christians of the defeats came at the end of the death of Alfonso VI year (502 A.H1109 A.D)

اهل الذمة في واسط حتى سنة 656هـ/1258م == The Dhimmi People in Wasit 83 AH - 656 AH

اسم المؤلف: افراح حميد عبد حسن
اسم المشرف: محمد حسين علي السويطي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Praise be to Allah, prayer and peace be upon the master of messengers ( Muhammad , his pure divine family and companions ) The Dhimmi People formed a part of the Islamic Arab state where the prophet of God ( PBUH ) ensured their rights through the Constitution of Medina . This Constitution kept their rights and secure their blood , money and lives in exchange for a tax known as ( jizya tax ). They were treated kindly by the prophet of God and later, he ( PBUH ) became a good example for Muslims . So , our study about the dhimmis in the city of Wasit from (83 - 656 AH ) represents a great importance especially because the city of Wasit had been one of the important cities in Iraq .For this reason, the Dhimmi People had formed a part of the Wasti society . They enjoyed a lot of freedom and tolerance under the principles of Islam. Through our study of Dhimmi elements in Wasit , it is shown that : 1 - The city of Wasit had been the center of government throughout the Umayyad period since it ( Wasit ) was founded in the year (83 AH ) by the governor of Iraq Hajaj bin Yusuf .2. Islamic law has ensured the rights of the people of the Books where their lives , money and honor had been kept . They became an active element in the society of Wasit .They had rights and there were some duties upon them towards the state.3. The dhimmis in Wasit had practiced their religious life through holding religious rituals and ceremonies in their places of worship freely in addition to their social habits during the Umayyad and Abbasid periods in general . Certain eras of some caliphs and specific periods were exceptions. They celebrated their festivals and even some Muslims shared in these celebrations. The dhimmis had distinguished suits called (Alghiar ). They had some chiefs to represent them before the State , also they experienced their economic life in agriculture , industry, trade and other professions freely.4. The dhimmis also contributed in supporting the scientific movement in Wasit. Particularly , there were some factors contributed to the involvement of dhimmis to practice science as well as the presence of educational institutions .That led to the appearance of a number of scientists , poets and doctors in Wasit.5. The study revealed the appearance of the role of the dhimmis in cooperation within the field of political and administrative life . The dhimmis had an important role in the Umayyad and Abbasid periods , so some of them were appointed as ministers and clerks for the Arab Islamic state.

منهج الكتابة التاريخية لكتب المقتل الحسيني حتى اواخر القرن السابع الهجري /الثالث عشر الميلادي == Evolution of historical writing curriculum books fighter Husseini

اسم المؤلف: عباس محيسن حريجة اللامـــي
اسم المشرف: عطا سلمان جاسم
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: دكتوراه
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: واسط
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يعد موضوع الاطروحة الموسوم بــ ((تطور منهج الكتابة التاريخية لكتب المقتل الحسيني )) من اهم الموضوعات التاريخية بل حتـــــى العقائديــــــــة التي تستحق الدراسة والتحليل والتحقيق ، علــــــــى طول الفتــــــــــــــــرة الزمنيه ، لســـــــبب واخر حتى انها ارتبطت ارتباطا وثيقا ومـــــؤثرا لدفــع عجلة النشاط الديني والثقافي والسياسي عند المسلمين عامة واتباع مــذهب اهل البيت (عليهم السلام) خاصة ، وقــــــــــد احيط هذا الموضــــوع (المقتل) وعلـــــى مـــــر الحقـــب التاريخية ببعض الشكوك والغمــوض والملابسات من قبــــل بـــــــعض المؤرخين خصوصا وان لهؤلاء توجهات وميول مذهبية وسياسية مختلفة من المؤكد انها تؤثر على كتاباتهم التاريخية عن المقتل وتحرفها عن مسارها الحقيقي . وقد حاولت هذه الدراسة تسليط الضوء على العديد من الروايات والاخبار التي لا تتلاءم مع منهج النهضة الحسينية والمرتكزات التي سارت عليها ، فضلا عن مخالفتها للحقائق التاريخية والمنطق العقلي . كما خرجت الاطروحة ببعض النتائج المهمة والمفيدة والتي منها1ــ كشفت عن انتساب بعض كتب المقاتل الى مؤلفين لم يكونوا قد صنفوها او الفوها ، كمقتل الامام الحسين (عليه السلام) المنسوب لابي مخنف ، ونور العين في مشهد الحسين (عليه السلام) المنسوب للاسفراييني ، وقد اثبت ذلك بالادلة والقرائن العلمية والتاريخية .2ــ كما ان موضوع هذه الاطروحة بين ان كتب المقاتل لها منهج ومحور خاص كبقية الاختصاصات والتقسيمات من قبيل كتب الطبقات والتراجم وكتب التاريخ المحلي وغيرها .3ــ سلطت هذه الدراسة الاضواء عن العديد من اسماء كتب المقاتل الحسينية المفقودة ، وبحثت عن مروياتها المتناثرة في بطون المصنفات التاريخية ، وجمعتها بعد مناقشة رواياتها التي تتطلب التحقيق التحليل .4 ــ اتضح لنا ومن خلال استعراض مؤلفي كتب المقاتل الحسينية المفقودة او التي وصلت الينا ، انها لم تقتصر على مؤلفي الشيعة الامامية فقط ، بل شملت مجمل مؤلفي المذاهب والطوائف الاسلامية.5 ــ لا يوجد قرن من القرون ــ بحدود المدة الزمنية للاطروحة اي حتى القرن السابع الهجري ــ الا والف المؤرخون كتابا عن المقتل الحسيني وهذا يدل على عدم توقف عجلة التاليف والابداع والتصنيف في حادثة المقتل الحسيني وانها تسري في وجدان المجتمع وتتفاعل معه .6 ــ اختلفت احجام كتب المقاتل وذلك يعود لثقافة وعصر المؤلف وطبيعة الضرف الذي دفعه للتاليف ، فهناك الصغيرة كالتسمية فيمن قتل مع الامام الحسين (عليه السلام) لفضيل الرسان ، وهناك المتوسطة الحجم كاللهوف لابن طاووس ومثير الاحزان لابن نما ، وهناك الكبيرة كمقتل الخوارزمي الذي يقع في جزئيين .7ــ لكل مؤرخ من مؤلفي كتب المقاتل منهجا واسلوبا خاصا في مصنفه في عرضه للمادة التاريخية الخاصة بالمقتل وحيثياته ومقدماته .8 ــ مناقشة وتحليل العديد من الروايات والاخبار والتي منها حادثة الدليليين الذين استاجرهما مسلم بن عقيل ليدلاه الطريق الى الكوفة ، وحادثة تجسس معقل وكشف مكان مسلم بن عقيل ، وخبر ضرب ثنايا الامام الحسين (عليه السلام) في مجلس يزيد بن معاوية وغيرها .9 ــ اشارت الدراسة بالقرائن والادلة التاريخية الى وجود العديد من العناصر الغير كوفية التي اشتركت في حرب الامام الحسين (عليه السلام) ، والتي منها شامية ويمنية ومصرية وحجازية ، ولم تكن الكوفة وحدها من شنت الحرب وقاتلة الامام (عليه السلام) ، وانما الاعلام الاموي والعباسي هو من بث فكرة ان الكوفة هي من قتلت الامام الحسين (عليه السلام) واهل بيته الاطهار (عليهم السلام) وان شيعته من قتلته (عليه السلام) | Thesis topic is marked by longer b ((evolution of historical writing books fighter Hosseinieh approach)) of the most important historical themes and even ideological worthy of study, analysis and investigation, the length of time, for some reason, and another until it been closely associated and influential to advance religious, cultural and political activity at Muslims in general and to follow the doctrine of Ahl al - Bayt (peace be upon them), especially, has been the subject contoured (kill off) and over historical periods with some doubts and uncertainty and circumstances by some historians, especially that of those trends and tendencies of sectarian and political different it's certainly affect the historical writings about kill off and detoured from the real track. This study has attempted to shed light on many of the novels and news that does not fit in with the Renaissance approach Husseinia and foundations that goes by, as well as violating the mental and historical logic of the facts.Thesis emerged as some important and useful results and which onesrevealed the enrollment of some books fighter to authors who were not even classified them or Alfoha, Kmguetl Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) attributed to Abe Mkhanv, and Noor Al - Hussein scene (peace be upon him) attributed to Asefraina, has proved that the evidence of scientific and historical evidence.as the subject of this thesis between the fighter wrote her approach and the focus of the rest of the terms of reference and special divisions such as classes and wrote biographies and books of local history and others.This study shed lights on many of the names of the missing Husseini wrote fighter, and searched for Marwiyaat scattered in the wombs of historical works, and collected after discussing the novels that require investigation analysis.It became clear to us during the review authors wrote fighter, Husseini lost or which has reached us, it's not limited to only the authors of the Shiite front, but the authors included the entire Islamic sects and denominations.No - century of the centuries up to the length of time of the thesis is, until the seventh century, but the thousand historians book about kill off Husseini and this indicates a lack of stop wheel authoring, creativity and classification in the incident kill off Husseini and it applies in the conscience of the community and interact with him.different sizes wrote fighter and this is due to the culture and the era of the author and the nature of exchange paid by the author, there is a small Kaltzmah the one who was killed along with Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) to Fadhil Alrsan, there are medium - sized Kallahov to the son of a peacock and sexy grief for the son grew, and there are large Kmguetl Khwarizmi which is located in two parts.for each of the authors wrote historian fighter approach, a style in his work, in his presentation of historical material and Palmguetl own merits and premise.discussion and analysis of many of the novels and the news and which ones incident Aldlelien who Astojarhama Muslim bin Aqeel to Edlah the road to Kufa, spy incident stronghold revealed place Muslim bin Aqeel, and the news hit the folds of Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) in the House of Yazid and others.The study presumptions and historical evidence to the existence of many non - muffler elements that participated in the Imam Hussein war (peace be upon him), and which ones mays and a Yemeni, Egyptian, Hijazi, was not Kufa alone launched the war and deadly Imam (peace be upon him), but the media Umayyad and Abbasid It is broadcast from the idea that is of Kufa killed Imam Hussein (peace be upon him) and his family pure (peace be upon them) and that of his followers killed him (peace be upon him

الرحلة العلمية من الاندلس الى بلدان المشرق الاسلامي من خلال كتاب معجم البلدان لياقوت الحموي (ت 626هـ/1228م) == Scientific Travel from Andalusia to Islamic Mashreq Countries through the Book of " Mu'jam Al - Buldan " for " Yaqut Al - Hamawi "(d. 626AH / 1228AD)

اسم المؤلف: انعام علي حساني عباس الجبوري
اسم المشرف: محمد كريم ابراهيم الشمري
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The Travel by all of its variant types ,consider to be one of the valuable source to study the Islamic history , it was such a historical document in which, the author depends on direct observation and recognition . It is an essential part for each researcher aims to explore the countries and communities from all political, Social and Economic aspects. The seeking for Mohammedan "Holy Hadith" , is one of the most important motives for the scientific travel , then the travel developed to involve the rest of science branches, therefore the travels varied and their destinations were mutated according to the variables that occurred by the rise of Islam , then an urgent appeared to practicing the travel in order to acquire variance sciences from Islamic Mashreq to Andalusia and vice - versa . So the travel and ambulant they both were form an essential part for each researcher , thus my study would needs to the travel and ambulant . the travel frames the standard to fulfil the goal of the study , which is demonstrates the historical value of the Andalusian ambulates within sixth and seventh A.H centuries and twelfth and thirteenth A.D Centuries.The scientific travels are one of these travels that had been made by the distinguished schoolers who seeking cognition and science , therefore they were travel from one country to another and faced difficulties and multi hardships , they endured all of that just to devoted themselves for cognition and science. We found through the research that, the travel of Andalusian's schoolers towards Mashreq had produce of expand the Islamic culture in the science of interpretation , Hadith , Jurisprudence ,Language ,Literature ,Philosophy ,History and other sciences which has been transferred as a result of these travel from Mashreq Countries to Andalusia , the schoolers of Andalusia transferred different types of sciences from Mashreq to Andalusia, through the course of the research, we decided to record most leading that we reached through this research which are the following : - 1. We derived the scientific subject from the book of " Mu'jam Al - Buldan " , for his author " Yaqut Al - Hamawi " , who died at (626 A.H , 1228 A.D ) , The author in the text of his book mentioned an Andalusian schoolers whom they had travel to the Mashreq Countries .2. Andalusian schoolers got benefits from variant religious and intrinsic sciences via their travels to Mashreq Countries , also they brought with them many books that deals with a lot of science scopes. 3. Perhaps one of the most important sciences which were transferred by Andalusian schoolers is that which related to the Islamic cognitive system , they transferred Quran sciences like Reading 's style , Hadith , Islamic jurisprudence and others. 4. Andalusian schoolers transferred creeds and doctrines that Muslims were followed through their travels to Mashreq Countries , they transferred most of the doctrines theologians like Maliki and Zahiri Doctrines and others. During recording of this research , I discovered that I presented a humble effort , hope that another researchers will discuss in details this subject after me , hope that Mighty Allah will achieve my ambition and hope that I scored some of the advantage which related for this subject

الصيرفة والصيارفة في القاهرة في العصر الفاطمي (358 - 567 هـ /968 - 1171م) == The Exchange And The Money Changer in Cairo in the Fatimid era (358 - 567H / 968 - 1171 AD

اسم المؤلف: مصطفى ياسين ثامر الجبوري
اسم المشرف: محمد حسين حسن الفلاحي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:

الديارات الشاميه واثرها الفكري في القرنين الرابع والخامس الهجريين == Aldearat alshamiya and intellectual impact in the fourth and fifth centuries AD

اسم المؤلف: دعاء وهاب عبد الحمزة الطائي
اسم المشرف: يوسف كاظم جغيل الشمري
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The subject of aldearat in the levant and its impact scientific during the fourth and fifth alqarnin alhjrain of vital important topicsthat deserve research and study because such topics are the basic foundation upon which researcher who is familiar to know natural aldearat and monastic life where and how the scientific impact on human life and through our research we came to several points namely : 1 - Monastic life I grew up before the advent of Christianity where he was the ancient Egyptians had practiced bladaffh to some ancient Indian communities.2 - Evolution of life and order of isolation single people individually or in cave on the mountains raeads to more than a method where osubho civil and living in a place like a monastery apartment complex.3 - Had diarat laws and its own regulation and everyones commitment to them is contrary to this law are held accountable by the abbot had his sentence of up to expulsion extent of guilt by adair who qtervh4 - There costumes for their own momks and fashion and people simple very to indicate that they are far from life mundane devote themselves worship and asceticism.5 - The monks and nuns living p what they produce from work and each had its own work of a monk.6 - The monastery became aplace for walks and rest and hiding poets after that it was aspecial place pearls asceticism and worship where poets sang a lot of poems for which he was inside.7 - The spread of deviation inside the monastery because they contain bars ,which were carried out by the councils and con certs which were women and men gathered.8 - Found through this study how important These big Aldearat where senior translators who transferred science greek in to Arabic and they wrote themselves out of several books in addition to externalized the most prominent doctors astronomers and engineering

احوال العرب العامة قبل الاسلام في ضوء كتاب العقد الفريد لابن عبد ربه الاندلسي (328هـ/939م) : دراسة تاريخية

اسم المؤلف: احمد سعيد راشد
اسم المشرف: اسامة كاظم عمران الطائي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Perhaps delve into the path of the previos Studies of Islam is one of the subjects third parties driven by research and historical analysis based on the scarcity of ancient texts hyphen us about this era the one hand and lean Markhana Islamists novels historical exaggerated to the point of the arrival of some of them to a sound myth and fantasy on the other hand, which led to reneging clear large and the reluctance to researchers Allankrat in the field of research on the history of the Arabs before Islam until the early nineteenth century, if the beginning Almichrkon interest in a large study of his mission this stage historical and formulated in a scientific manner dependent on the writings Positivism old, while not neglecting news stories and work on the document, and the response This approach to academic sober tried all Maldina of scientific potential with the aid of the one God Sunday book entitled Our message to. the conditions of the Arab public in Islam in the light of the unique (son Abed Rabbo Andalusian contract BOOK) Reflected its importance this study is to project an image readily apparent peaceful condition of the Arab public in Islam and the ensuing events and the course as below Ibn Abd Rabbo, of the texts of valuable historical and literary trying to do that accelerates himself a historian and man of letters objectively as linking verses and Ahawahr literary flag history, so we must be especially careful of the installer in the folds of covers of writing historical root prove, to the lack of written proof of those novels that prevailed on some of the character of the text of exaggeration and confusion just like any other historical writings illustrated step through that frequent contradictions of texts This is due to a reason that its supplier and historical lack of scrutiny of the content, so we had analyzed and compared with other sources for the purpose of including the bibliography. The study consists of an introduction and pave three seasons punctuated by some detectives and a conclusion proven sources and references, was Altmahd life of Ibn Abd Rabbo social and scientific title we dealt with the name and Nie and his surname and his birth and upbringing and his death and the views of the scientists, and then approach and style and resources Ibn Abd Rabbo in the review of information about the conditions of the Arabs before Islam . And devoted the first chapter of the study : the conditions of the Arab social before Islam indicating continued Alencbb reviewing the Arab. tribes (Adnaniyah, Qahtaniyah) and their subdivisions with mention the most prominent figures that have emerged from these tribes that have had a significant role of the history of the Arabs at the time and most of the tribes, which have had a significant role in the history of the Arabs of recipes and the rights and duties as well as the Council that the tribe and then social values that DAI by the Arabs and then seal Chapter family care for the Arabs before Islam of parental care and guidance in the upbringing of their children. Or the second chapter, entitled to (the conditions of the Arab political pre - Islamic) reversed through how they used Ibn Abd Rabbo in dealing with the facts of the Arabs and their days before Islam, trying to eat on the basis of race if Pena Alaiyam that erupted tribes yen Adnaniyah separately, as well as Qahtaniyah and we talk about the days joint that took place between the tribes and Adnaniyah Qahtaniyah in addition to the days that took place between the Arabs and the Persians as novels characterized by Ibn Abd Rabbo rate this Chapter scanty. The third chapter dealt with (the conditions of the Arab intellectual before Islam) and include what is actually thought the Arabs before Islam, with hair like a large part of it, as well as Ketaia and parables, because of the connotations historical on the depth and originality of the Arab Thought before Islam Bogtinaihm beautiful phrases rhetorical style sober and words Mahbkh meaningful intellectual capacity reflects the horizon and perceptions of humanity researcher in all areas of life all this balances son Abed Rabbo, in the notice, and the speeches and the likes of belonging to famous people have.lived through the pre - Islamic Arab society deeply involved in it to save Mahé Arab heritage at the time. After a long journey in the midst of a scientific article cited by Ibn Abd Rabbo Andalusian in his book (Alqad unique), which revealed the extent of his knowledge and observing capacity, as counting his great encyclopedia as a basis form an important historical studies due to the diversity and the accuracy of his subjects, as drawing protruding image parameters for the conditions of the Arab public in Islam as well as being an encyclopedia literary and cultural general, keeping us Chapter thing more than novels forefathers who did not give us the time of their tracks, but rare, especially Arab tribes and wars, including long Guetrp of time and that showed what was Mchaiaa of habits Arabs before Islam in their wars. Novels Ibn Abd Rabbo justice to the Arabs before Islam showed a lot of social values, mostly on the environment Arab character of love pride and brag Mahdhar generosity and generosity chastity, and virility, courage and Mahabh neighbor then said that it is mustahabb Arab that is associated with his memory as he loved the people of those values and qualities. Ibn Abd Rabbo also cited a constellation of poets before Islam saying poetic texts in the folds of his contract pages were unique image reflective of intellectual Mahmh fact the Arabs before Islam. In conclusion, this modest contribution I wanted to make it clear where Menhd and style and Mdoaat Ibn Abd Rabbo, especially that which he talked about the conditions of the Arabs before Islam, I ask of God that I have been able to prepare a research that I do not claim for my perfect Valkamal to God alone, the take good thank God, and that Akhtina, we have the safety of the palace of the good of what we cherish and we ask God Almighty to guide us to the way of righteousness and the last prayer is praise be to Allah Lord of the Worlds.

النبي يوسف (عليه السلام) : دراسة تاريخية في ضوء النصوص التوراتية والقرانية

اسم المؤلف: قمر جبار علوان
اسم المشرف: زينب فاضل مرجان
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:

مدينة بلنسية : دراسة تاريخية في اوضاعها السياسية والفكرية خلال عصري المرابطين والموحدين == Valencia City/ A Historical Study for its Political and Intellectual Situations during the Rule of Almoravids and Almohads

اسم المؤلف: سرمد عبد الله عبد فزع المعموري
اسم المشرف: عبد الخضر جاسم حمادي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Valencia City is considered as one of the important cities in the eastern Andalusia, because of its location on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea. Although its importance, Valencia has not received researchers' attention, especially in the era of Marabouts and Almohads dynasty, for many reasons, the more important one is the insufficient historical data available for researchers in addition to the sparse of this data, if available, in the historical references. As the result of this studies scarcity regarding Valencia, we find this subject worthy of study.As the result of importance of Valencia, it became the center of conflict of many powers in Andalusia, especially between Muslims and the kingdoms of northern Spain. It has seen the city of Valencia at the beginning of the era of big stationed a conflict between the state and the Spanish known as El Campeador and ended this conflict control stationed on the city of Valencia year (485 AH / 1092 AD).Valencia City played a major military and political role in the stationed era who make the city mentioned a military base and they appoint powerful military leaders of Almurabit family in order to counter the ambitions of the kingdoms of Spain's north who were preparing the city of Valencia as a key to control the rest of the cities of Andalusia so became the Valencia City defensive line or I managed to fend off repeated attacks of the Spaniards. But stationed control of the city of Valencia did not last for more than forty five years because of the wrong policies adopted stationed in this city and other cities in Andalusia, which led to a massive revolution of the people of the city ended its presence in Almurbati.Underwent Valencia City in the period between the end of the stationed authority where and the beginning of the control of the monotheists to control Bani Mardanish one of the families prestigious in the city who represented a major obstacle to the expansion of the new force of al - Muwahhideen in Andalusia as it entered them in the long history of the control of the city of Valencia and other cities in the east of Andalusia This went on for a dispute for more than twenty - five years ended Almohad control of the city of Valencia year (567 AH / 1171 AD) to begin a new era is the era of the Almohad control.Valencia city has not seen in the Almohad era political stability due to internal conflicts as well as it did not give the Unitarian city mentioned much attention because of their concern in internal conflicts among themselves, especially in the last period of their rule, raising the ambitions of the kingdoms of Spain's north, which has always been the author of the city in their accounts of their importance strategy, Jaime I have found the king of the Irgun that opportunity to take control of the city of Valencia for the development necessary to control the city's plans and actually fell Valencia City in his hand a year (636 AH / 1238 AD) and thus brought down the curtain on the era of Muslim rule to this city after control it lasted about five centuries.The fall of the city of Valencia resounding marked the collapse of the Arab - Muslim presence in Andalusia since Andalusian cities began to fall one after the other did not, however, remains the only Muslim kingdom of Granada in the south.As for the intellectual life in the city of Valencia despite which he was subjected stationed from accusations by the Orientalist ignorance and distance from civilization, but the facts prove the opposite, as the city has undergone in their time relatively prosperous in the various fields of science but in the Almohad era life has flourished the intellectual in the city Valencia because of the attention of the caliphs Unitarian science.The nature of the study was necessitated divided into four chapters first chapter named Valencia Department of historical geographical study of the Islamic conquest of Andalusia until the end of the era of denominations to two sections, taking the first section to identify named by Valencia City and described the city and business affiliate, while the second section dealt with the political situation in the city from the Arab conquest until the end of the era of sects The second chapter called the political situation in the city of Valencia in the era stationed was divided into two sections address the first topic of the conflict between stationed and Alguenbitor for control of the city of Valencia The second topic dealt with the city of Valencia under the control of marabouts and address her family for campaigns Alakectalin.The third chapter called the political situation in the city of Valencia in the era of the Unitarian was divided into two sections addressed the first section entry Unitarian Andalus and their struggle with built Mrdnah and their control over the city of Valencia The second topic addressed the fall of Valencia city, however, the Kingdom of the Irgun Chapter IV section lost to two sections dealt with the first section Religious Science Kalaqraouat interpretation and modern jurisprudence and the most prominent scholars who appeared in this aspect. The second topic dealt with the other sciences that have emerged in the city of Valencia.

الترهيب الفكري في العراق خلال العصر العباسي حتى نهاية سنة (447هـ / 1055م) == Intellectual intimidation in Iraq during the Abbasid period until the end of the year (4 47 AH / 1055 AD

اسم المؤلف: ميثم حمزة جبر الجبوري
اسم المشرف: محمد حسين حسن الفلاحي
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بابل
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The phenomenon of intellectual intimidation are displayed alien to Islam, especially that Islam is that religion, who founded the principles of Justice and Equality and respect the rights of others, but this phenomenon is introduced to the Islamic reality after routing fancies and personal ambitions fundamental to the religious teachings of some of those who made a decision and the leadership of Muslims in Abbasid Caliphate.The first beginnings of intimidation intellectual in the Abbasid state was the most political reasons, so we find that the Abbasids began their war against all the ideas that pose a risk to their political entity, has the form of disagreement upper Abbasid cause the most bullying incidents in Iraq, whether between the Abbasids and Alawites or with those who supported the thought Alawites Fuqaha of scientists, poets and others.Took advantage of some serious religious problems that have emerged in the Abbasid state, Kalzendqh and the issue of the creation of the Koran project intimidated intellectual, and was through which some religious, political and personal accounts liquidation, which led the Muslim Ummah to lose because of scientific wealth tremendous claimed the lives of many scholars, scientists and poets.The phenomenon of intellectual intimidation were not the phenomenon of authoritarian exclusive used on the role of power only, but withdrew working out at the level of groups and individuals, and the longer the different strata of society of Muslims and others, Fady it to tear the unity of Muslims, they were teams rival parties among themselves, the study produced a that more doctrines and the difference Islamic vulnerable to intimidation are the Shiites, they remained under intercourse with intimidation since the establishment of the Abbasid state until its fall.It was reached through the study that most of the incidents of temptation and intimidation in Iraq has been released from the gate Hanbali and they first aggressors always, Fady intellectual and ideological to dispute that the Hanbali waging ideological war on both disagreed whether Shiite or Sunni other teams, and even Ahl, has show that more Hawwat temptation and intimidation in Iraq was raging between Shiites and even Hanbali locality Karkh Shiites have become an arena of conflict among themselves, which is invaded by the Hanbali many times.The communication through the study that most of the incidents of temptation and intimidation in Iraq has been released from the gate Hanbali and they first aggressors always, Fady intellectual and ideological to dispute that the Hanbali waging ideological war on both disagreed whether Shiite or Sunni other teams, and even Ahl, has show that more Hawwat temptation and intimidation in Iraq was raging between Shiites and even Hanbali locality Karkh Shiites have become an arena of conflict among themselves, which is invaded by the Hanbali many times.

صورة الامام علي (عليه السلام) في كتاب السيرة النبوية لابن هشام المتوفى 218هـ

اسم المؤلف: شاكر هوله سابط
اسم المشرف: حسين علي الشرهاني
الموضوع العام: التاريخ
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Praise be to Allah, prayer and peace be upon the Messengers of God and honorable human companions Abu al - Qasim Muhammad the Messenger of Allah, the God of pure Almentajabin righteous God who go about them and cleanse them abomination cleansing ...The figure, Imam Ali Ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) and one of the largest and the great figures in the history of them inspired by the lessons he is with us at all times and that the apartment several time between us and him ...It is present in our hearts and our consciences in the neighborhood, a voice of truth and justice in all arenas tenor pride and glory and dignity can not be any free Sheriff scan image always lie and never caller all the time not to humiliation and disgrace. It is noticeable that the heroic and Kramath and qualities were not confined to the battlefield only, but was in all areas of life teacher and guide and mentor is the Nasser of the oppressed defender always in word and deed for the right is with the truth and the truth with him is the title for those who wanted a decent life dominated by the Justice and flooded with human dignity. And it is impossible for any historian or writer, no matter how the business acumen and genius, that comes to you even in a thousand pages full of great caliber Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him), and the era eventful enormous Kalhakbh which he lived, the one who thought and contemplation and told him and his work that the Arab giant between him and himself and Rabbo did not hear what was then appointed thoughtfulness which is much more than his hand or broadcast his tongue. Noting that every picture is incomplete imagined his image inevitably (). The comes to the mind of the recipient when Note the title of this study that the speech which revolves around the figure of Imam Ali (peace be upon him), but it's a much different as the focus of our research is how it was filmed Imam Ali bin Abi Talib through the Biography of the Prophet Is Ibn Hisham transfer us image of Imam Ali Facts therefore we have gone Choose a title for this study marked by ((Picture Imam Ibn Abi Talib (peace be upon him) through the book Biography of the Prophet Ibn Hisham deceased (218 AH - 833 m))). Departing from the idea of trying to Kalmsour Amkanh as much effort and energy and his knowledge describe the thing that wants to Agah and honest description derived from sources and basic resources, and make the maximum of his effort to get to the accident but who is looking where (). The importance of the subject of two main factors, namely : 1. Personal Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) and his leading role in the events of the Prophet's biography as her manThe first after the Messenger of Allah (God bless him and his family), there is no detail of the joints of the Islamic Dawa and happened in the Biography of the Prophet, but had to Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) clear his mark as wonderful and accomplished in its completion.2. high profile book Biography of the Prophet Ibn Hisham between biography and wrote Maghazi where isThe first book of the news Biography and details despite what happened out of discipline, and that the importance of this book made of researchers irreplaceable and exceeded in operations research and study, therefore we must highlight it and how the image of Ali bin transfer Abi Talib (peace be upon him), His biography does justice to Ibn Ishaq and Ibn Hisham Mhzbha those personal Tpreezha to the nation as a leader has to do everything for the sake of Islam and Muslims? . Therefore it is necessary to discuss this matter in earnest and clear statement for the purpose of effects of sectarian, political and intellectual role in influencing Ibn Hisham in a statement image of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib. Valmlahz that many of the narrators and historians has blocked the true picture of the recipient machining times or jamming at other times or in the heart of the facts, formed where there is a large blurry can not a man be groping real features of that picture. Vdorena in this study is to indicate that and raise confusion and wanted to historians and owners Biography of the transfer of things that are not true to the nation to implement the desires and tendencies of political, sectarian or ideological as starting points from which the narrator or biographer. The researcher has divided the study into four chapters are as follows.The first chapter was entitled Biography of the Prophet between development and refinement and contained this chapter on the three sections was the first section titled sources Biography of the Prophet The second section was a specialist statement in his biography basic Muhammad ibn Ishaq where identification of his biography and political influences that occurred underneath during the codification of the biography and taking them out in Book according to well - defined methodology. The third section only polite to study singled out the biography of Ibn Ishaq, the son of Hisham and what are his reasons to fine tune the Biography of the Prophet. The second chapter was under the title of Imam Ali (peace be upon him) from birth to immigration where divided into two topics we dealt with in the first study of Imam Ali ratios (peace be upon him) as stated in the biography of Ibn Hisham The second topic was studied birth blessed and his conversion to Islam and modern house and left him blessed. The third chapter was the title of Imam Ali bin Abi Talib (peace be upon him) of the Immigration until the conquest of Mecca, where this chapter divided into three sections the first section titled migration of Imam Ali and subsequent events such as fraternity and his marriage to Zahra (Peace out) then Tknyth Abu dust of either Section The second researcher has dealt with the transfer of the image of Imam Ali in the battles of Badr and one The third topic was the address to the image jihadist in front of Ali bin Abi Talib in the following battles for one such trench and Banu Qurayza and Banu absolute, has been touched on how the transfer of modern ideas for Then the battle of Khyber. The fourth chapter entitled Imam Ali (peace be upon him) from the opening until the death of the Prophet (God bless him and his family), has been divided into three sections. In the first part, has Imam Ali study in the conquest of Mecca and the second section highlighted the Imam Ali (peace be upon him) after the conquest of Mecca. The third section, which titled Imam Ali in the Prophet illness and after his death, where they were addressed through it to what happened in Saqifah where jealousy course of the history of Islam have spoken of succession to Abu Bakr bin Abi dipper. Because of the capacity as a subject to discuss a very important issue and must find a true picture of the author of the study we have adopted in our study on the task of a variety of sources and we will review some of them
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