البحث — المستودع الرقمي العراقي

نتائج البحث: 50 من أصل 114,801

المبالغات في الروايات التاريخية لعصري النبوة والخلافة الراشدة : دراسة نقدية

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: H - Book Albuldanyen : As for the sources of geographic , this study relied on some books Albuldanyen to identify some places and cities contained in the letter , as well as what information it contains historical value is indispensable to the researcher about them ( Lexicon what Ostagam names Albuladoualmoada ) for Bakri (d. 487AD/1094AH)) , and ( Lexicon countries ) of sapphire Hamwi (d.626AD/1228AH). X - modern references : In the area of recent studies have reported the study of some Arabic references , as well as some of the theses , research and articles published in magazines. It took some of them information about the reason that lies behind some historians exaggerations in some reports , while according to some books and theses methodology used by some historians authored books and resources including : . Arab history and historians ,Shakir Mustafa . Flags of Zrcell 2) 3) the date when the Muslims aware of the Orientalist Franz Rosenthal. 4) Journal of the Orient. 5) Journal of the word. In conclusion, I put my humble hands of our teachers and I hope to obtain acceptance of them. AD and finished authoring the year( 915AH/ 303AD) AD and its sources and clear because it scored in assigning news.W - wrote a local history : including ( News city of the Prophet ) to the son of rubbish (814AH/199AD) known for his weakness in speaking , so we did not find a reference to a study of his life in various aspects ; notes on the book of Ibn rubbish free some texts from Sindh and especially with regard to the news of the city and its plans in his time due to the fact that most of his information was derived from his observations and his personal information , and with that we find it does not neglect the male elders who transport them in the rest of the text , (1)) reported in the study took the novel weak and employ them in the message. And book (the date of Baghdad ) to Ahmed bin Ali al - Khatib al - Baghdad(d.463AD/1070AH) And is one of the most celebrated books of translations in the field of Arab - Islamic culture which he addressed the history of the city of Baghdad, and built and rivers and their homes and coming out of the companions and translations of the caliphs and nobles and Men of science and literature , who were born in Baghdad or other countries and Nzloha , and of moved them to the town of others and died there. arranged all along the alphabets in the first name without circumvent character second of the structure of the name. began by mentioning the name Muhammad blessing of the Prophet ( Allah bless him and his family and him). It also singled out in the final section of the book, who knew by his nickname or his name. As well as biographies of women with science and thought. C - biographies : including a book ( classes ) of Mohammed bin Saad ( d,230AD/844AH) addresses two main themes the first biography of the Prophet ( Allah bless him and his family) and the second Translations companions and followers and has served folders remaining , but the last reserved for women , and Book ( classes ) for Khalifa bin tailor (d.240AD/845AH) , according to the study in the translation of some of the historical figures and some of the narrators and Sindh so as to know the trustworthy narrators of the weak. 1)sa lama , Salah Abdul Aziz Zain , City News prophetic son from the date of garbage collection and study of curriculum texts , (Master unpublished ). Umm Al Qura University.Mecca.1321AD/2000AH.pp 40 - 46. readings , and take care of him and display the faces of the language as well as the opinions and jurisprudential Ajthadath deposited by the book in question... , and mentions months of statements , and cites to say what affects from his companions and followers, and then exposed to the likelihood of words , and subject to terms of the Bedouins , and the development of provisions taken from the verse , and the likelihood of what he sees , but nonetheless we find it is marketed in the interpretation of news stories from Israel , which still need to cash examiner , said the study contained in the news from the Messenger of Allah ( Allah bless him and his family and him).B - The books hadith : them ( SahihBukhari ) Muhammad bin Ismail bin Ibrahim Al - Bukhari (d. 256AD / 869AH ) , was modernists interested mainly biographies people talk , did not know about it Bmeulh to a specific destination , he heard talk of scholars of Mecca and City and scientists from Egypt (1)) , that his ( correct) familiar with the book , and a recent book and jurisprudence , in order to follow the way that distinguishes them from Imam Muslim in his Saheeh , and it cut conversations and dispersed and its proceeds under the doors in order to infer their what translates it, and repeat with the conversations in multiple locations not cleared primarily of interest Brachytherapy or parenchymal and has stated in the study cited some hadith to refute some news incorrect and Established(2). T - wrote the general history : including ( Date Yacoubi ) to Ahmad ibnIshaqibnJa'far (d. 292AH / 905AD ) , his book A Brief History regulator deals with world history since the creation until the year 259AH / 872AD , follow the approach neglecting the grounds because it was settled at that time and may aided the spread of blogging on that stability. Then he rarely mentions its source because it would only give the basic sources at the beginning of his book , but his style of presentation of the material is the sequence of the covenants and yearbooks. And sometimes came by the uniqueness of the historical information. And book (the date of the apostles and kings ) of Muhammad bin Jarir al - Tabari (d. 310AD / 922AH ) Department of his book into two main pre - Islamic and beyond , Section I discuss the creation and start and fall of Adam ( peace be upon him ) and ends up talking about grandparents the Prophet ( Allah bless him and his family and him) as a prelude to the era of the message, and the second section deals with Islamic history since the era of 1)Mustafa Shakir , Arab history and historians study the development of the science of history and knowledge of his men in Islam ,T1, ( Beirut : Dar al - Ilm Ah1398/AD1978),c1,p236. 2)Haji khalifa ,Mustafa bin abdullahHanafi Constantinople Rumi, (d,1067AH/1656AD), Asami, revealed suspicions about books and the arts, ( Beirut : Dar scientific books 1413AH/1992AD),c1,p363. And it must be noted that the approach taken in this study was a critical historical approach , and the meaning of the monetary approach , is a critique of assets or primary sources using external or virtual cash , which aims to prove the text in the document , and internal criticism or internist is intended to indicate intention of the author of the document in his words , and then figure out sincerity in the novel. A - your search : The study consists of an introduction and three chapters and a conclusion and proven sources and references , each chapter is divided into two sections , devoted the first chapter to the study of the political side and the military , taking the battles that appeared in novels some exaggerations throughout the eras of the Prophet and Rashidi , with an indication of the degree of risk in numbers armies and the dead of both sides and prove some of the facts of each battle , too, for taking the first section novels amounts in the reigns of the Great Prophet ( Allah bless him and his family and him) and Abu Bakr ( may Allah be pleased with him ) , and the second section novels amounts in the covenants caliphs Omar ibn al - Khattab and Othman IbnAffan (may Allah be pleased with them ) and Imam Ali bin AbiTalib ( peace be upon him). And the second chapter in the economic side of the novels exaggerated , as it has been criticism and prove what they are , the first research to ensure the financial resources of the State of the Arab - Islamic and expenditures , and the second part, the risk in the numbers of funds. The third chapter dealt with the historical novels set and divided it into two sections also with respect to the first novels set in the era of the Prophet ( Allah bless him and his family and him) and Abu Bakr ( may Allah be pleased with him ) , and the second covers every era of the Caliphs Omar bin kattab and Othman IbnAffan (may Allah be pleased with them). B - Display sources : The study relied on a number of ancient sources , which have a key role in enriching and modern references , and will be referred to some of them which is as follows : A - written explanation : which ( inclusive statement about the interpretation of the Koran ) , known as ( Tabari ) Muhammad bin Jarir al - Tabari (d. 310AD / 922AH) , which is one of my interpretations and most comprehensive , as it did not depend on the color of one of interpretation , but included a many colors lifted when scientists would, Vatabra despite its reliance on interpretation Mathur mainly in his book collection to it by the side of the novel know - how and assigned the book on it , and I care a lot Koranic Praise be to God and prayer and peace be upon the best of creation Muhammad bin Abdullah and on The God of the good and virtuous. After : That record the events of history _ the capacity and the details _ tainted many exaggerations and fillers and superstition in some cases , and all because history is the product of human beings so accompanied by shortages and imbalances and the situation , and multiple reasons include historical novels such as this imbalance , including what relation to the psychology of the news and the narrator and of and love in inflating the event to give it the importance and highlighted among other events , and some of which also relates to shift the news and what accompanies Blogging Tsahev and distortion , and which highlight the bright side of the historic event to add to exaggerate it , and also try to give them success from the presence of the history of his people or his nation Vigolh that goes on in the news story and the novel , and paired with this success, divine providence or the fact that his nation has sponsored these people care. And hardly devoid history of any nation of exaggerations in historical novels , and will try this study shed light on this aspect of historical writing on the duration of Islamic historical mission , and is the era of prophecy and caliphate so carried this title ( exaggerations in the historical novels of the modern prophethood and caliphate critical study ) and study comes within the field of historical studies concerned with the disclosure of historical fact and proved, and particularly in the Islamic history. From here came the desire to study the subject, and from the presence of my teachers encouraged in the Department of History. It is well known that the study of history and events and factors affecting it , and his feature known only to the person who is engaged in this kind of knowledge and science , and had to historians Arabs and Muslims preferred to identify the events of the past , but some of them are mentioned historical events without criticism , and transferred at face value and some of the lies and oodles , others convey the truth. But it is necessary to raise the important question in this aspect and what is the reasons. why some historians to exaggerate ? , And how to be detected?. This study may open a new door for the study of the same subject in the Islamic eras other because our study was limited to a period of early Islam and is the era of the Prophet Muhammad ( may Allah bless him and his family and him) and the era of the Caliphs ( may Allah be pleased with them ) , as the Islamic eras differ from each other because each has its advantages and its events , so the door exaggerations in novels and wading in it stays open for the study of later ages.

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: ديالى

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الانسانية - قسم التاريخ

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

السنة: 2014

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: عبد الخالق خميس علي التميمي

اسم المؤلف: امينة عبد الكريم عبد الستار الخفاجي

المصادر:

الملخص:

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: الموصل

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة الموصل

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

السنة: 2006

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: ناصر عبد الرزاق الملا جاسم

اسم المؤلف: زاهدة محمد طه محيي الدين المزوري

موقف اهل الكوفة من الاحداث السياسية فــي العصر الاموي (41 هـ - 132 هـ) The Attitude Of Kufa Prople Toward The Political Events In Al - Amawy Reign 41 A.H - 132 A.H

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: The Third chapter sheds lights on the separation of India from the Abassid Empire when the former could have put an end to its subjection to the Islamic caliphate, gained independence and then it has been partitioned into small states as the Ghazweni and the Ghori ones and then it fell under the Memlooki rule.

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: ديالى

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية - قسم التاريخ

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

السنة: 2004

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: عاصم اسماعيل كنعان العباسي

اسم المؤلف: اسماعيل خليل حسن المهداوي

الحياة الاجتماعية في اوربا في العصور الوسطى الاسلامية من خلال المصادر العربية The Social Life In Europe In Islamic Mediaeval Ages Through The Arabic Surces

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: The Study of The social life in Europe in Islamic mediaeval ages through the Arabic sources. Includes : prelude and three shapters , beside the conclusion and a list of sources and references The prelude contains a study about European the Islamic Arabic understanding. It start with explanation to Europe name and Its geographical places through the seven earth's areas. The first chapter explains the study of the most important primary sources. which we can get our information from and about it It refers to the study of liberation wars and Islamic Arabic's openings in Europe. Then these wars was opened a new reign to Europe. It starts with a great development in it's general life , and it's social system. Then the Muslims can establish the essential of this opening in a few years and also they can dismiss the elements of malice , chaos , and organized the country at less the opening parts of the country. For the second feature it gives us information about Europe. It was through the way of sacrifice and mutual zing the hostages. through the wars. which was done between the Islamic Arabic's state and the Byzantines state. This was one of the features which gives us information about Europe state's numbers and it's ways and paths. The third feature it's regard the most important feature because it's the feature of trips which gives us the right and clear information , and we show in it the important trips which was had the great effect in describing the social life or the natural enviroment of Europe from the most important trips was Ibn - Fadhlan's trip which gives us many direct informations about Europe's east nations , and we depend up on it in describing many social sides , it talks about objectives , natures , and traditions. From the other important trips is Abi Hamed AL - Grnaty's trip which consider from the most important trips which gives us information which no less important than Ibn Fadhlan's trip. According to these trips their was a study to the other trips for example (AL - Gazzal , AL - Mounajim , AL - Idreesiy , and Ausama bin Mounqith trip) all these trips as important as all the first of all trips.The conclusion of the first chapter was a study to the civilize mixture between the Arab and Europe. this chapter also study the features which helps Europe to take from the Islamic Arabic civilization in all its sides and arenas. The second chapter : contains a study to the European society , and its human species , their origins and sorts in addition to their immigration and centers of their residence.The third chapter : contains a study to the social life in Europe , it is divided into many objects of research as follow : the characteristies and matures of European human races beside their customs and tradition. Scond chapter : the dominant religions in the European society at that time. Third object : the European woman's situation , and her effecters in the Europe's Society it also contain the marriage traditions , the food and drunks at that time , the kinds of clothes which they were dress , and also the baths. This chapter contains the kind of games which was played by the members of that society , such as knighthood , playing with weapon , hunting , and the animal fighting. At the end of the section we talk about the most important European's arts , and it consists of music and singing. The conclusion comes to show the important result which the research reach to. At the end I want to show that I do my beast in this research and if I successed in it that will be from God merciful. If it was the other side. so that from my self that because I want to be most clear in my research and in God we trust.

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: ديالى

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية - قسم التاريخ

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

السنة: 2005

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: عاصم اسماعيل كنعان العباسي

اسم المؤلف: بهار احمد جاسم محمد السامرائي

الحركة العلمية في طليطلة الاسلامية 93 - 478هـ/711 - 1085م

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الملخص:

المستخلص: توزعت الدراسة على اربعة فصول، تسبقها مقدمة ويعقبها عدة ملاحق تناول الفصل الاول، جغرافية طليطلة والفتح العربي الاسلامي فضلا عن السكان وبعض الجوانب الادارية والعمرانية والاقتصادية. والفصل الثاني تناول المؤسسات العلمية في طليطلة، وقسمناه على خمس فقرات هي | Arab conquests transformed to Al - Andlus the gross of scientific activities which the skilled in Quran science ,Hadith ,Feqah ,Linguistic sciences ,Social Sciences languages ,linguistic ,Philosophy ,history ,geography ,Prescience as medicine architecture.They established mosques ,and science houses.It was areal scientific centers which Moslems and people of these lands who did not understand anything in knowledge took from them.later they became competitor for main science center in Baghdad ,Cairo and Damascus.Importance of this subject emerges that Arabic Islamic conquests to Tulaitela city ( 93 H /711D) was historical transformation which changed events for Arab and Islam in western wing of Arabic and Islamic nation.This city had alead rule in scientific life of Al - Andalus privately and Europe in general elongates history specially in reign of it Arabic Moslems leaders who carry Arabic Islamic flay which was carried by Tariq Bin Ziad and Musa Bin Nussair ( dead on 97 H/ 715 D.C) and established its bases and expanded.its values. They filled the lamts of Islam and Arabic language and other science by the oil which make it more lightening and ability for existence and continuity with effectiveness in most lands of Andalus and Europe.The study is divided in to four chapters beginning by introduction.First chapter is about Tulaitela and Arabic Islamic conquest as well as population an some administrative building and economical sides.Second chapter is about Scientific institutions in Tulaitela and it was divided in to five sections : Moseques ,hous of children teaching ( Katateb) , libraries ,scientific councils and Tulaitela university.Thired chapter is about Tulaitela scientific heritage in various sciences.The nature of the research and over whelming date about third chapter make its papers more than other Although this appears unbalanced ,but it was necessary.Fourth chapter is about trips made by scientists of Tulaitela to Andalus cities and Islamic world cities and vise versa.The research provide his thesis by great number of resources : old ,new and translated resources as wall as many articles and study which erich the thesis

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية التربية ابن رشد للعلوم الانسانية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

السنة: 2004

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: عبد الامير عبد حسين دكسن

اسم المؤلف: مصطفى كامل محمد حمزة الشباني

التوحيد الديني عند العرب قبل الاسلام : دراسة تاريخية في الديانة الحنيفية وعبادة الرحمن Monotheism At Arab Nation Before The Islamic (And To Study The Arthdox And Worship The God Merciful)

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: The researcher had reach in his thesis (A consideration the single God at Arab nation before Islamic moment. I study Orthodox and belief in God the merciful ) the human being needs to religion. It gives him the rest in dogma and spiritual believing. It is in origin of human. Where as the Arabic man closed with his religion and conduct the worship , adoration therefor IBRAHIM and come to correct this consideration (peas upon him) to guide for faith and make correction the religions at that time. But it continue it established to them new rules and now dogma established the monotheism. To the orthodox nation. The researcher explained the terms of monotheism and worship of God only that was mention in wholly Quraan in several terms. As long as appeared some different religion in the Jewish and and Christian also ALSHBIAA and other kinds of religion. But all these kinds of religion didn`t affect on the monotheism in the Arab land and it became the way to express Arabic nation self to search orthodox religion and to worship God and related strongly with calling IBRAHIM peas upon. The significant of this thesis (Monotheism of Arabic man before the Islamic study in orthodox and worship God the merciful) that is the relation between worship of god and orthodox religion, that all these time consideration are represented the monotheism dogma.This thesis divided to three chapters : The first - meaning of Monotheism and the logical meaning in Quraan and history.Includes three parts (A) meaning of monotheism and the indication of language.(B) consideration of Quraan about the monotheism that to show the script of some terms in Quraan.(C) As historical religions consideration of the Arab and the heaven resources where as relation with IBRAHIM peas upon him.The second chapter it speaks about the monotheism and people who belief in this dogma. But the third chapter which is search with worship God merciful and mentioned on the old written and historical and Islamic resources and in general literature. The thesis and by summary about monotheism before Islamic movement

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: بابل

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة بابل - كلية التربية - قسم التاريخ

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ العربي قبل الاسلام

السنة: 2004

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: عبد الخضر جاسم حمادي

اسم المؤلف: صلاح غلام غضيب العوادي

المنهج الاختباري في نهج البلاغة

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: Nehig Al - Balagah is abook Which has been Coolected and Written by Al - Sharif Al - Redi.This book contains the addresses , ulessages , prayers , orders and short address belongs to Imam Ali Abn Abi Talib (peace be upon him). The time has failed to abrade the speech and science of Imam Ali. Nehig Al - Balagah contains various kinds of science. Ther fore , many studies have been made about it. un fortunately thes studies are concentrated on the religions , social , poletical sides , and left the scientific side. If we examine Nehig Al - Balagah very weel we can noticethat there is scientific sense has not been understood by the scientists in that time , inspite of the explaination of Imam Ali for the scientestts , but now in this time with this scientific revelution , the meaning of thes sentes becom clear.The companions of the prophet and the followers don’t under stand what Imam Ali has from knowledge and science. They think that the scientific informeation in the holy Quran is just for the coheranee and grammatical matter. This means that there is nefther astudy for the scientific laws in the book nor astudy for the natural faets that have been mentioned by Imam Ali (pase be upon him). Taceuranee of the natural phenomenans is regular , sowe can discover these natural events by sense we mean that ther is static laws in the nature these laws are responssible of shaping the life in the nature. From this introduction we want to reach to very important point this point is that the scientificmind of Imam Ali in Nehig Al - Balagah. There are many scientific laws in the nature that have been mentioned by Imam Ali specily when he speaks about natural phenomenen , Man , Animals , and plant. The main aim of this study is to show the accurate note for Imam Ali (pease bewpon him) and his scientific information about this note. Inorder to make astudy for Nehig Al - Balagah , we divide our study to an prefase and three chapters , the prefase deals with the origin of Imam Ali thoughts. It contains the sources and science of Imam Ali (pease bewpon him). It also deals with the verious scieutific knowledge for Imam Ali. Also in the introduction we have made Nehig Al - Balagah as a tipical example for science. Also It deals with its subjects and attribution of the book. The first chapter deals with the scieutific theories and discoveries. In the book there are many of scieutific theories these theories are concerned with , space , Geography , physics theories , also there are many scieutific discoveries these discoveries different according to different fields. As far as the second chapter is concerned , This chapter is under the title on the laboratory study and test field. It is full of subjects. The laboratory study is divided in to three topics. The first theme is about Human body. It deals with phases of creation of the fetus , Anatomy of human body and the job of some origens , like , the eyes the ears , origens of breathing and origens of speech , heart and bones. The second them is about Animal laboratory. It deals with insects and birds laboratory. also it deals with the ways of proliferate of some Animals. The third theme is about plant laboratory. It deals with plant Anatomy and the types of the plant according to according to its ability. In addtion for these three themes in this chapter we have studed different science. As far as the third chapter is concerned , this chapter deals with Nehig Al - Balagah scieutific reports.these reports are spread in the whole book , if we collect and write these reports we can get one united report. also these reports are fully constracted and united and about one subject. There are many reports in the book , there fore , we have divide it in to three themes. The first theme is geographical report , it deals with the wind , geographical sitnition of the place and its effects. The second them is the medical report. It deals with many parts like , diagnosis and causes of the desease , indication of the desease , and the treatment for these deseases. The third theme is about Animals report , It deals with the places , way of living , hapits and deseases of Animals. Also there are many parts about these themes , that we try to explaine it with move details inorder to be very clear to the mind.

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

السنة: 2005

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: رباب جبار طاهر السوداني

اسم المؤلف: حميد سراج جابر الاسدي

بنو المنتفق ودورهم في التاريخ العربي الاسلامي حتى نهاية العصر العباسي The Role Of Banu Al Montafiq In The Islamic Arabic History Until The End Of The Abbasid Era

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: The Introduction and the research field : Praise to be for Allah the lord of the worlds and peace and pray upon the honest prophet Mohammed. It is considered as a hard and important task to search on the history and life of the trips because of many problems which face the researchers such as the contrariety in information. So studying the life of a tripe as a unit of the Arab society is of an important subject because the other trips are about to be similar in the traditions and culture with the same economical , political natural and religion factors. Before Islam , the Arab society was not able to be united because of the geographical reasons which affected the life of the trips and made them fight each other as well as the controlling of the strong foreign countries over the Arab lands in Arab peninsula or Iraq. In spite of that the Arab trips succeeded in achieving the educational unit by trade or the permanent searching for water and food or by pilgrimage for Macca and other places for worshiping. We have to refer that it is not possible to draw a complete and comprehensive picture for the whole different activities of this tripes because of the lacks in information especially in the economical , sociological and educational circumstances in the Arabic resources. This study was divided into introduction and four chapters and conclusion with the most important resources as well as an abstract in Arabic and English language. In the first chapter we dealt with the role of Beno Al - Montafiq in establishing the tripe and their linage , days and houses. As for the second chapter we talk about their role in the period of the prophet (peace and pray upon him) and their narrating to the prophet speeches , as well as their role in the ear of caliphates and Al - Amawy era. As in the third chapter we talked about their role in Al - Abbassy era. In the fourth chapter we talked about the speeches of the prophet which they narrated in the past.

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: ديالى

النص الكامل من المصدر: https://basicedu.uodiyala.edu.iq/uploads/DHAMYA1/hostory/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%20%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%81.pdf

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية للعلوم الانسانية - قسم التاريخ

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

السنة: 2013

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: عبد الباسط عبد الرزاق حسين

اسم المؤلف: علي نايف مجيد الكرخي

العلاقات العراقية - الاردنية 1968 - 1991 : دراسة تاريخية Iraqi - Jordanian Relations 1968 - 1991 (A Historical Study)

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: Iraqi kingdom and Transjordan Emirate had been founded in 1921. the reign of Hashemite dynasty in Iraq continued till July, 14, Revolution 1958 while it Stayed ruling in Jordan and keeping its throne until now. Iraq - Jordan relations under the Hashemites for the period 1921 - 1958 had been dealt with by many researchers attention. But the relations between them after 1958 did not get enough attention from researchers. The researcher, being interested in this topic and writing a dissertation entitled "Iraqi - Jordanion Relations 1958 - 1968" having the wish to complete what he had presented in his previous study, he chosed his research to get a Ph. D. under the title. "Iraqi - Jordanian Relations 1968 - 1991 : A Historical Study". The thesis consists of five chapters. Chapter one dealt with the relations till 1968. it contains two these, one is about Iraq. Jordan relations from the beginning till the Hashemite Union while the other is the nature of such relations from July 1958 till July 1968. The second chapter comes under the title "Iraqi - Jordanian relations 1968 - 1972". It includes three themes talking about Jordan attitude from the takeover of July 1968 in Iraq, the crisis between Jordan and Palestine during 1970, Rogers project and how it had affected these relations. Finally, the last theme talked about the project of United Kingdom of Jordan and the Iraqi position in 1972. The third chapter had been dedicated for these relations in view of developments and Arab - Israeli Struggle 1973 - 1979. It also contained three themes. The first dealt with October War 1973. The second talked about Al - Ribbat Summit Conference 1974 while the last one came to discuss Al - Sadat Initiative and Camp David in 1979. The fourth chapter spots light on these relations during the period 1980 - 1991 and contains four themes. The first is about Jordan's attitude from the first Gulf War 1980 - 1988. The second is about the role played by both countries in establishing Arab cooperation council 1989 - 1990. The third is about western mobilization (Escalation & Confrontation) with Iraq 1989 - 1990. The last one is about Jordan's attitude from the second Gulf War. The last chapter is talking about economic and cultural relations between Iraq and Jordan 1968 - 1991. It includes three themes. The first is about their relations during the period 1968 - 1978, the second is about political approach and its reflections upon economic and cultural cooperation 1979 - 1988 while the last one has come under the title "The second Gulf War and its effect upon Jordan's economy 1989 - 1991". The researcher reached so many results the most significant ones are that after both Hashemite Families had got reign in Iraq and Jordan, their relations in general and during the period 1921 - 1958 characterized with huge access but this had been retreated after the opposition of prince Abdullah to the revolution of 1941 in Iraq and sending military forces from Jordan to be in the side of British forces to suppress the revolution. This action made Iraqi government much nearer to both Jordan and Britain and being crowned by the formation of Arab Hashemite Union between Iraq and Jordan in February 1958 ended in July, 14, Revolution 1958 in Iraq. Therefore, relations between both countries had been cut off for two years. But Jordan recognized the Iraqi government in 1960. the nature of these relations did not continue due to some Arab events which had taken place in 1960's such as Iraq's demand of Kuwait and the establishment of Palestinian Liberation Organization (P. L. O). The tension between Jordan and Iraq had increased after the declaration of King Hussein of Jordan the project of United Kingdom of Jordan and this had been faced by Iraq in declaring the Union project between Iraq, Syria and Egypt. Inspite of the failure of both projects, October War 1973 had broken out to put an end for that tension. Jordan being to the side of Iraq in its war against Iran in September 1980 had given their relations some growth quickly. The continuation of that war made king Hussein of Jordan to present diplomatic efforts to put an to that war on Arab, regional and international levels. Also, Jordan played an important role to make a reconciliation between Iraq and Egypt which ended in Egypt's return to the Arab combination and joined Arab Cooperation Council. King Hussein of Jordan had made great efforts after Iraq had invaded Kuwait but his efforts did not succeed. Behind this failure was U. S. A. insistence with its allies to pull the Iraqi forces out of Kuwait and to fulfill Security Council resolutions and this did not happen at that time.

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: الموصل

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة الموصل - كلية التربية - قسم التاريخ

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

السنة: 2007

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: نمير طه ياسين الصائغ

اسم المؤلف: عثمان فتحي صالح حمدي

الحياة الديمقراطية في السودان (1953 - 1969) University Of Baghdad The Democratic Life Insudan ( 1953 - 1969 )

الملخص:

المستخلص: واعدوا لهم ما استطعتم من قوة ومن رباط الخيل )سورة الانفال /الاية 60نظرا للتقدم العلمي والتقني في عصرنا هذا، وبناء نظريات واراء العلماء في اللياقة البدنية وتطورها بغية اداء الاعمال اليومية والاستمرار فيها من غير ان يشعر الانسان باجهاد او تعب والاستمرار في

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة بغداد - كلية التربية ابن رشد للعلوم الانسانية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

السنة: 2003

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: نشات كامل محمد العاني

اسم المؤلف: ابتسام محمود جواد العكيلي

المصادر:

الملخص:

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: الموصل

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة الموصل

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

السنة: 2012

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: عبد التواب احمد سعيد

اسم المؤلف: عبد الرزاق خليفة رمضان اللهيبي

علاقة الاشوريين مع مدن الساحل الفينيقي 911 - 612 ق.م The Relation Of The Assyrians With The Cities Of The Phoenician Coast 911 - 612 B.C

المصادر:

الملخص:

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: الموصل

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة الموصل

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ القديم

السنة: 2012

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: سهيلة مجيد احمد

اسم المؤلف: طعمة وهيب خزعل هتاش الدوري

الاراضي العشرية في صدر الاسلام Usher Lands In The Early Islamic Age

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: Scholars and researchers started to pay a great deal of attention to economic studies. The lands subjected to the state tax (usher) in the early Islamic age are considered that should be given special attention as these lands have a direct relation with the economy of the Arab - Islamic State as well as their tight connection with many administrative affairs in the Arab - Islamic State.Undoubtedly, there are several studies that tackled the Arab - Islamic history in the early Islamic age from the economic and the financial points of view but only in a limited way, while the subject of the lands subjected to the state tax (usher), was not dealt with by economic scholars as this subject is an independent subject in comparison to Kharaj lands which were dealt with independently and in details for various periods of time. So, information about the tenth tax lands is not much in the different historical, geographical, literary and Fiqh references in the different fields of Fiqh including the Arabic And foreign references. Within all this, choosing this subject was because this subject was not tackled with the necessary care by the scholars in addition to its importance in research. The scholar aimed at writing the economic history and he adopted the methodology represented by the induction of the narrations related to this subject as they were mentioned in the Islamic references and making use of the scholars' studies of the researches that is related to the subject of this study to accomplish the objective of the study using the analytical method. The research was not limited to the narrations only, but discussing, analyzing and reaching the results in light of the information submitted by the different references. To serve this study scientifically in a sincere way, the study was divided into three chapters and a conclusion. Chapter one dealt with the Islamic conquests and their impacts on the types of lands ownerships. But chapter two tackled the resources of the tenth - taxed lands possession, while chapter three dealt with the almsgiving diwan and dealing with the tenth - tax and then the conclusion, which tackled the following : 1. The Islamic conquest, which resulted in the expansion of the geographic base of the Arab - Islamic state, was of a vital role in the emergence of different patterns of the agricultural land ownerships. 2. The deeds of prophet Mohammed (peace be upon him) and the caliph Omar Ibn AlKhattab towards the lands which were annexed to the Arab - Islamic have become antecedents to the Islamic state in its different ages.3. The Arab - Islamic state gave the priority to Arabs in paying the tenth for the lands and preferred them over the Kharaj tax payers. 4. Possessing the tenth - taxed lands became more than it was at the beginning on the Islamic state foundation, especially in the Umayyad age. 5. The payment for those cultivated lands for Muslim was not a tax nor a levy but this payment represented almsgiving and charity to the Muslims exchequer.6. Through the study it was clear that most of the tenth - taxed lands in the early Islamic - Arab state were so many and were dominated by the caliphs, leaders and distinguished noble persons from the Arabs. 7. It was also evident that the early Islamic - Arab state had its own institutions, which were independent from each other and that is manifested through the diwan of almsgivings and the collection of funds and their expenditure.8. At the beginning of Islam, the Arab - Islamic state knew and practiced many methods in investing the agricultural lands at that period and the most common one is the method of Muzara'a which was adopted by prophet Mohammed peace be upon him and his companions.9. The owners of many agricultural lands in various locations used to run these lands by their proxies because as these lands are located in various provinces and due to their vast areas and that prevents them from running them.

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: الموصل

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة الموصل - كلية التربية الاساسية

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

السنة: 2011

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: عبد الوهاب خضر الياس

اسم المؤلف: زياد طارق باهر اسمير الحيالي

المواقف السياسية للائمة الاثنى عشر

المصادر:

الملخص:

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

السنة: 2007

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: رباب جبار طاهر السوداني

اسم المؤلف: نغم حسن عبد النبي الكنعاني

ابراهيم باشا نشاطه العسكري ودوره السـياسي والاداري 1789 - 1848 Ibrahim Basha His Military Activity And His Political And Role Managing 1789 - 1848

المصادر:

الملخص:

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: ديالى

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية - قسم التاريخ

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

السنة: 2005

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: صباح مهدي رميض القريشي

اسم المؤلف: ثعبان حسب الله علوان الشمري

المصادر:

الملخص:

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: الموصل

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة الموصل

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

السنة: 2011

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: محمد علي داهش

اسم المؤلف: مروة زهير علي النحاس

الحياة الاجتماعية في خراسان من الفتح الاسلامي الى نهاية سنة 656هـ

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: This study deals with an important aspect of the Islamic history : the Social Life in Khurasan and the extent it was affected by Islam from (31H.) to (656H.) a period that ended with the fall of the Abbasid Caliphate. The following points are the results concluded by this study : 1. The area of Klaurasan was very imprtant for the Islamic state at that time as stated by some of the Umaid caliphs. 2. Some Arab tribes dwelt in Khurasan and it became their perminet residence. 3. It was very clear that these Arab tribes mixed fully with the original local people of Khurasan. 4. The custooms of the society of khurasan flourished with the advent of Islam. 5. The society of Khurasan consisted of various religions and races working and living pcacefully. 6. It was very clear that the society in Khurasan paid much attention to clothes and types of food.7. The society of Khrasan paid great attention to the Arabic language because it is the langage of Glorious Quran and prayers. So they learnt Arabic quite well, and a lot of prominent religions figures wrote well - known books, and many poets composed great poems that served Islam in the Arabic language.8. The Khurasani people were keen on finding means to enhoy themselves in their spare time and to live in a comfortable way.9. The influence of Islam was very clear in the daily life of the people Khurasan during the period under under study

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: ديالى

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية - قسم التاريخ

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

السنة: 2004

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: تحسين حميد مجيد

اسم المؤلف: صدام جاسم محمد البياتي

علماء المدائن ومروياتهم التاريخية من القرن الاول الهجري حتى سنة 656هـ Al - Madaa'N Scientists And Their Historical Novels ( From Ist Century Of Hijrah Of 656 H )

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: My First Knowledge to the novels of Al - madaan Scientists through novels of Abu - Al - Hassan Ali Bin Mohammad who died in (225 H) was depended in his novels by other Old writers in History. Thys , readers May think that there is no novelists for Al - Madaan people except him especially when some Writers in history did not mention his Full name for his fame and they say only Al - Madaany Said or Mentioned or talked in their Writings They Mean Abu Al - Hassan Al - Madaa'ny himself and others.After My Knewledge of the research published by my teacher Dr.Tahseen Hameed Majeed in Diyala Magazine about ( Al - Madaan Scientists ) and it is the 7th part of Diyala Series Scientists. I have a great desirefor Choosing it. After Checkeing and investigating Many references, the researcher found that the Subject is important and , new and Valuable to be studied and to be MA or ph.D project especially there is a previous academic studic , Studied the Scientists of Many lslamic big Cities like Kufa , Basrah , wasit and others , but Al - Madaan City was not included in it.The Scope of the research is limited in the time between the Ist Century (H) fill the decline of Baghdad in 656 (H) where there are some strong believers and supporters and followers who end with Ibn Abi - Al - Hadeed ,The researcher put, away novels of Abu Al - Hassan Al - Madaany because it is too Much and needs Many Studies and thesis.The researcher limited himself with the historical novels and neglected their novel or publishing in Explanation and speech and Fikh and readings just those that have a benefit as a historical Material.Difficulties and Problems that facad Us during the Writing of this research was not in reference , but the difficult Circumstances that our belowed country Passing naw and the destroy , loss , damaging and Stealing Most of the libravies. The necessity of the subject forced the researcher to divide the research into four chapters.The first Chapter is a general study for Al - Madaan , it's name , place , geographic importance , it's growth and expansion especially before Islam and Al - Sasany period , then entering Islam after Al - Radisy a battle and became the first city of Islam before bvilding the Islamic Cities like Al - Kufa and Al - Bassah.At the same Chapter , the researcher studied the constructing of publication their regional belief , national it ies sit's Cultural role and after Islam and the main events that happened in this city in different times and following its Curapting and decline , then losing it's historical importance bill it is Known only as a small city and a placey some strong bel. Everstike salman Al - Farisy , but it had an international fame and a place of Culture and devel opement. Chapter two deals with Biographies for the main and famous figures , their name and family birth and death and the scientific faculty that worked in and the scientific biography , their teachers and students and publishers , and wandering among cities and Islamic countries as part of journeg seeking for science and giving the opinion of others on them to Know the importance of ther novels and it's validity. The Biographies are arranged according to the alphabetical Order not according to the importance and neglected arranging them according to date of death because some of the biographies didn’t have dated of death even if it found they are different in writing it.Chapter three discusses pieces of novels for Al - Madaan Screntists neclecting the declined regional peace that didn’t have historical relationship so this Chapter became more than others and it is not a mistalce but the nature of this chapte , led to be big. The novels are arranged according to its historical date and subject so it began with novels about (Al - Mubtada) and about Creation and stories of prophets and previovs stories, of prophets and previous nations and the prophets biography and Al - Khilafa Al - Rashida , Al - Amawy period and Al - Abasy Period till the declined & Baghdad in Goo (H).The notice on these novels are many and Written in detail about the prophet biography and Al - Khilafa Al - Rashida but it is very few on Al - Amawy and Al - Abasy period.Chapter four is a short one. The researcher Wanted it to be as a conclusion presenting in it the importance of these nouels and the main features , of it and its Validity according to the Scientists & history and supporting this chapter with certain schedules containing the number of the novels for each one of them and the reference that the researcher depended on and its documentation and other things that can be seen by the reader inside these schedules.The researcher depended on a number of reference , according to its information and importance.Finally , the researcher hopes that he would gave the subject its right and presented useful thing and hopes to be accppted and if there is any Mistake is due to the hard circumstances that he tried to pass

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: ديالى

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية - قسم التاريخ

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

السنة: 2008

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: تحسين حميد مجيد

اسم المؤلف: محمد عيان دان

الاثر السياسي والثقافي لقبيلة الاوس في التاريخ العربي حتى نهاية العصر الاموي Cultural And Political Track For Al - Awass 'S Tribe In Arabic History Until End Al - Aamoy 'S Age

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: Before Islam and after it, One of the Arabic tribes which its have importance prominent ,its name (Al - awase ) ,men of this tribe are participated to construction the Islamic Arab Nation by stoop beside with messenger Mohammed (sala ALLAH alehe wasalm ) since the Islamic invitation starting and they goon on in his age ,he structing hi nation also the ages which its follow this age until the end of Al - Amawaia ‘s nation in 132 E ,so the tribe was one of the fundamental columns that the Islamic Arab Nation was support on it when it began to rising and expansion overall it was assistance element to spreading Islamic religion in the west and east of world by tribe’s present for more men whose fired in the Islamic opening conquests under here sun’s flag ,the tribe was set apart to ratify the political alliances with another tribe to support his political location between other tribes. there are study that the researcher was showed a role of Al - Ansar in general not confidentiality Al - awas. That is what push me to showing this important subject to get rid of the dust and appear the facts specially that is what concern of the culture and political role.The greatest achievements generation which its proved at beginning of invitation was proved by leader’ hand of Al - awas ‘s tribe whose present more to support Islamic invitation thus the moving of prophet Mohammed from Mecca to Yathrib their habitue places radical change in the Islamic Arab History ,the invitation had new bent lightly by good then its appear by quickly spread of new religion and the victory which is proved by prophet Mohammed (salla Allah alehe wassalm ) in the most battles and the group which he lead it and he was asked the tribe’s men and take their suggestions sometime.Addition for their political location that what its come in Quran’s texts which its show their role in Islam victory also the says of our greatest messenger Mohammed (Sala Allah Alehe Wassalm ).This letter is attempt to study one page of Islamic Arabic history pages to it’s tie for this tribe.The study of Al - Awass ‘s role in Islam because this tribe is one of the famous tribes in Yamen then its move to Yathreb to form an fundamental axis for the people of this town which its lead long wars with their cusns Al - Khazrage both of them were rivals together to rein Yathreb orders and as result for that, messenger Mohammed was chosed to has responsibility beside him to expansion Islam and saving the protection and suitable place and time for that. This study was not empty of the difficulties although it was more of references but the operation of employee these references to serve the project was not easy and it was need to gathering and had time not short and effort I can describe it an exception, about that what concern of Al - Amaowya ‘s age all the information about it was rare to cause more difficulty of this research.This letter come in the introduction four sections and its fixed by references and names and English summary. First section have naming of Al - Awass and their origin,lineage ,religion also their days with Al - Khazarge additional the political alliance which its ratify with neighboring in Yathreb before Islam ,arriving to the starting of invitation.The second section it was concern about the fundamental motives to accept Al - Awass the Islamic invitation with signe for their political role in the first and second AL - Aquba , with their reception for the emigrates whose they coming carrying with them the Islam not more. also asked of messenger Mohammed to them and take their suggestions and opinions in the wars which are lead it , and what that com done of Quraan texts in their rights also the says of prophet Mohammed which its said for them.The third section have Al - Khazrage role in Al - Saquifa also in the Islamic sequences ,for example , Al - Yamama battle ,Khazwen sequence ,Egypt’s sequence and island’s sequence and their role in the succession of Ali Bn Abe Taleb (rathe Allah Ana ) with some of the political centers which its gives for some tribe’s men as managing, like manage of some provinces like Al - Maddaan ,and island like Al - Bassra ,then sowing their role in Al - Amoya ‘s age where the Al - Hurra sit and Al - Awass men ‘s role in it , and the targets of this battle in Islamic history.The forth section had cultural role ,its include cultural sides to appear to emphasize poets and readers in the tribe ,also the speakers whose present for us our messenger’s says (Mohammed ) with the writer of biography and history , and I couldn’t find medicines ,chemistry sciences or mathematics inside of this tribe

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: ديالى

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة ديالى - كلية التربية - قسم التاريخ

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

السنة: 2005

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: عاصم اسماعيل كنعان العباسي

اسم المؤلف: ربيعة خليفة سالم الاوسي

الجزائر في الصراع الاسباني العثماني 1518 - 1587 م : دراسة تاريخية Algeria In Conflict Of Spainsh Ottoman 1518 - 1587 History Study

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: Interest in studying the history of Algeria during the Ottoman era ( 1518 - 1587 ) is due to its important role that can not be over looked. Algeria led the resistance against the Spaniards. It did not only resist the European a ggression against the area but also continuously helped the Modscians who suffered a lot of the Spanish oppressim. Besides , annexing Algeria to the Ottoman state paved the way to unify the Arabic west under the Ottoman rule. Western Tripoli and Tunisia were annexed. but Morocco remained independent. The annexed areas became important centers for the Ottoman state. They provided sea bases for the Ottoman Fleets which were fighting in Europe and thus enabled them to achieve some victory. The reason behind choosing the specific period of the study is that it represented a complete historical era , i.e the rule of Sea Reis ( chiefs ) ( Beclerbecs ) that started with Kheir - Al - deen Barbarose in 1518 , when Algeria became a satellite of the Ottoman state , and ended in 1587 which was , in turn , the end of the rule of the Beclerbecs when the Ottoman state started reevaluating its administration in Algeria and that represented a new page in the history of Algeria. This study is made of four chapters. Chapter one deals with the Spanish intervention in Algeria ( 1492 - 1518 ). This chapter is the introduction of the study because the Spanish intervention was the important reason that led to including Algeria in the Ottoman possession. Chapter two is about the Ottoman control during the rule of Kheir - AL - deen Barbarosa ( 1518 - 1546 ). Chapter three is entitled " Ottoman Administration During the Rule of the Descendants of Kheir - AL - Deen Barbarosa ( 1546 - 1587 ) ".Chapter four tackled the administrative , economic , social and intellectual aspects during the period 1518 - 1587. The study revealed that Algeria witnessed , during this era , many positive achievements. For example , the sea Reis sustained the unity of the Algerian territory , stopped the Spanish ambitions and formed an Algerian sea force that protected Algeria from the foreign dangers. This force played an obvious role in the Mediterranean. Also , we can mention the historical position of the Algerian rulers in welcoming , helping , and searing the settling of their Muslim Brothers of Andulsia.There were , as well , some negative effects of the rule of the sea Reis in Algeria. Firstly , the rulers neglected the administrative , economic and social aspects of life and they did not develop the ruling systems in Algeria. Socially , they did not approach or mix with the Algeria people. Also , They were attentive to satisfy the needs , aims and interests of the Ottoman occupiers even at the expense of the people of the country. For that sake , they made full use of all the resources of Algeria to serve the Ottoman state regardless of the suffering of the people of Algeria. The reason could be that those rulers , themselves , were not of Algeria origin

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

السنة: 2006

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: يوسف عبد الكريم طه مكي الرديني

اسم المؤلف: ضمير عودة عبد علي زويد

مؤتمر الخريجين العام ودوره في الحركة الوطنية في السودان 1938 - 1952 The General Conference Of Graduates And Its Role In The National Movement Of Sudan 1938 - 1952

المصادر:

الملخص:

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

السنة: 2017

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: انور جاسب شنته الطريف

اسم المؤلف: تهاني العيبي كاطع

المصادر:

الملخص:

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

السنة: 2017

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: مصطفى جواد عباس

اسم المؤلف: ماهر شنان ناجي المياحي

النشاط الدعائي الاميركي في الشرق الاوسط (1947 - 1979) : دراسة في (العراق - ايران) اختيارا The American Propagandic Activity In The Middle East ( 1947 - 1979 )

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: The American Propaganda activity in the Middle East ( 1947 - 1979 ) is regarded as one of the subjects which is characterized with vitality and relatively newly started within the his torical studies. Having such Topics and putting them within the limits of historical research and trying to search its components by the researchers in new and contemporary history aim to raise the level of the exsisting higher studies so as to create researchers who can reach the stage of so - called " Organic Rsearcher " who is capable of creation and innovation in his scientific and cultural productionSo the close look at the topic of the study reveals its great vitality because it is connected with integrated Relationship with several scientific tendencies some of which are close to the essence of the scientific science and harmonious with it to a great extent. And this ensures the strength of ties and reaction between history which can be described as an in dependent science and the methodical research of the political science and its world. Accordingly , because of the specialization of this study in the nature of the American propaganda and its objectives towards the Middle East in general and its important corner stones , namely ( Iraq - Iran ) , added a comprehensive quality to the subject and its components. The propaganda , basically , is in clusion of the state that made the propaganda and tries through its actions to show all the beautiful and positive aspects in front of the peoples targeted by the propaganda and hide all bad things. In view of what is previously mentioned , this thesis aims to search the literature of the American propaganda and its components for the states that are being studied to understand the nature of the political , strategic and cultural objectives which , in general , affected the political , cultural and security situation in these states , especially with the extreme increase in the cold war which we may call " the ideological war ". Al though Washington didn't adopt clear - cut intellectual visions or specific political strategy , it still in most of the cases , depended on her intelligence systems in running the conflict with the Soviets through its confidential operations in Iraq and Iran. The thesis was divided into four chapters in which the researcher depended on taking the basic elements of the subject according to integrated methodical Unity of the subject with his deep concern about the sequence of events as much as possible. The first chapter was devoted to Search the of the propaganda within its general terms and to identify its principles until it changed into science which deals with propaganda activity phenomenon and its techniques. In addition to that , identification of the geopolitical limits of The Middle East term historically and politically and focusing on the most prominent active and important states within its vital scope to reach the beginnings of the American tendencies most of which were dominated by the propagandic style without political purposes.As for the American propaganda towards Iraq. the researcher has found out that the generalization of scientific advantage obliged him to divide the subject into two chapters because of its numerous events and the unique transitions of the political events which offected its social and political situation. One of them , the second chapter , the nature of the American political propaganda which depended on the mutual security strategy and publicizing the importance of protecting Iraq and its security against communism. In addition , America followed confidential Operation strategy which overthrew Abid Al - Kareem Qasim's regime in April , 1963. The third chapter has shed light light on aspects of the American intellectual and cultural propaganda in Iraq and how the propaganda planner could affect the tendencies of the Iraqi intelligentsia through a group of thoughts which depended on the technology of the theatre and cinema and following The provision of subsidized American book through allocating the funds for the American publishing establishments. As for the fourth chapter , the study has identified the intellectual and political tendencies for the American Propaganda in Iran. "The information of this chapter has had considerable importance which we can depend on because the cold war and its consequences started from this Middle East state as most of Washington politizians confessed owing the insistence of the Soviet Union to keep its forces north of Iran. Furthermore , the subject of the chapter focused on " Ajax " operation led by the Ameri can intelligence to overthrow Musadak in 1953 also the chapter delt with the Ialamic Revolution in 1979. The study depended on different collections of genuine resources including American and Iraqi documents , in addition to academic studies such as : Letters and theses and lots of foreign book , Arabic and translated books are available in this thesis. The study has reached important results , some of which are : The propaganda with its fluctuation and attraction represented one of the methods which has taken the lead to consolidate the concept of the new state because it is an establishment concerned with the expression of the official tendencies of the government. It is important to reveal that the propaganda has started from the lobbies of clergy of the Christian church. Focusing on the nature of the American tendencies towards the Middle East , it is quite obvious that the American strategy is always dependent on mere propagandic bases. The ideological concepts of the American policy , being not obvious , made the decision maker in Washington mix the pragmatism and the end justifies the means policy and this what happened in Iraq and Iran through the confidential operations done by the American intelligence to overthrow Abid Al - kareem Qasim regime in Iraq and Muhammad Mosadaq in Iran. It also contributed to make Al - Baa'th party assume power in 1968 and not giving the support necessary to shah Muhammad Rudha Pahlawi.

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

السنة: 2017

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: اميرة رشك لعيبي الزبيدي

اسم المؤلف: عبد الزهرة شهيد عجمي شهيد الحسناوي

سياسة الاتحاد السوفيتي تجاه باكستان 1947 - 1971 Soviet Union Policy Towards Pakistan 1947 - 1971

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: The United States have been associated with the state of Pakistan Through treaties and alliances After the emergence of Pakistan as a modern state in 1947, and its separation from India in the same year. The United States has worked to build militarybasses as a part of a strategy to encircle the Soviet Union. The Soviet Union had not seen the South Asian region within the interests Because it beliefs that Pakistan's independence is not a communist revolution. When Pakistan was associated by treatieswith Western countries, Moscow has approached to India against Pakistan. Pakistan was one of the non - aligned countries and principles do not allow her Link with any of the two great powers, and some world events could Change the nature of internationalrelations in the Indian sub - continent region in general, and the Soviet Union's policy toward Pakistan in particular which is the focus of our study of the period (1947 - 1971) from the beginning of Pakistan's independence until Indian Pakistan war.The study was divided in four chapters ,introduction and conclusion ,the first chapter about the Soviet policy toward Pakistan in the stage of civilian rule and Parliamentary life (1947 - 1958) ,the period between the beginning of Pakistan's independence until the beginning of military rule which divided into four part ,we study in the first section Soviet attitude of the secession of Pakistan and the establishment of a state for the Muslims of India ,in the second section we studied the Soviet position on the Indo Pakistani dispute over Kashmir and the evolution of Soviet relations - Pakistan until 1953,in the third section we study Pakistan's foreign policy and the accession of western alliances and the Soviet position for it and we study in the four section the most important communist parties and socialist in Pakistan and the recent attitude of them, and a reference to the position of these parties from Pakistan's foreign policy and the relationship of the parties with the Soviet Union.The second chapter explained The Soviet Union's position from the internal political developments and foreign relations of Pakistan (1958 - 1965),we study in this chapter the impact of international developments in the relations soviets - Pakistan (1958 - 1964) and the development of relations in the political and economic level between the two countries, the Soviet Union's position on the developments of the problem Pashtunistan until 1964 and the evolution of the diplomatic relations between Soviet and Bakstin until 1965, marked by the historic visit of President Muhammad Ayub Khan to the Soviet Union in the same year.The third chapter deal with Soviet policy toward Pakistan (1966 - 1968) ,we study in it The Soviet Union's policy toward Pakistan and the signing of the Tashkent Agreement of 1966, The role of the Soviet Union in the resolution of the India - Pakistan conflict and the success of Soviet diplomacy in the contact of Tashkent agreement, the development of Soviet - Pakistani relations in the political, military and economic areas (1966 - 1967), The evolution of Soviet policy toward Pakistan and the contact of the arms deal in 1968 and activity Pakistani government to build a nuclear program and the position of the Soviet efforts to ban nuclear weapons.The fourth chapter discuss Soviet policy toward Pakistan under the President Mohammad Yahya Khan, 1969 - 1971,we studied in it The Soviet Union's position on the internal situation in Pakistan and the development of relations between them (1969 - 1970) ,the role of Pakistani mediation in the US - China rapprochement and the position of the Soviet Union from it and the crisis of Eastern Pakistan and the Soviet position from it until 1971, and the secession of Eastern Pakistan and the creation of the state of Bangladesh.

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

السنة: 2017

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: حيدر عبد الرضا حسن التميمي

اسم المؤلف: سحر عبد السلام مهدي

السيد محمد مهدي السويج ودوره الاجتماعي والسياسي والفكري بين عامي 1941 - 2002 Sayid Mohammad Mahdi Al - Sewaich And His Social, Political And Intellectual Role (1941 - 2002

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: Studying secular, intellectual and political personalities is important to remove ambiguity in historical studies on one hand and to investigate the roles those personalities play to make history on the other hand. Modern and contemporary history of Iraq witnessed appearance of too many personalities who played that role and who were concerned to help and awaken their people, to find the suitable solutions by examining the events and realities, to benefit from the experience of others and to encourage thinking in the different aspects of life to achieve those objectives. It is important to study the social, political and intellectual aspects of life of Mohammad Mahdi Al - Sewaich who was bold enough to tell the truth and the false without fear or flattery to any side both during the royal and the republican eras in Iraq. He preferred the public interest and not his own one. He was a well - known orator, not only in Iraq but also in all the Islamic world. He was particularly genius and distinguished by his varied intellectual production in all religious and non - religious sciences so as to treat retardation and failure in social, cultural and political issues in the Islamic world in general Consequently, he had his own influence on the Youth who were looking forward to a one unified state. The researcher chose 1941 as the start of the time under study because it was the year of Al - Sewaich's appearance on the Iraqi, regional and international arena particularly in his reforms and social activities like opening libraries and associations, lecturing in religious occasions… etc. On the other hand, 2002 was chosen as the end of the time under study because at that year, Al - Sewaich isolated himself from people and started writing his books until he died in Syria in 2002. The study attempts to answer the following : To what extent did the public situation in Iraq in general and Basrah in particular lead to appearance of Al - Sewaich on the arena? Were his different cultural and intellectual abilities able to change and reform the society? Why did he transform his social and intellectual reforms from Iraq to other Arab and foreign countries? Was he able overcome the difficulties he faced from the royal and republican regimes in Iraq? Was he obliged to transform his activities to other countries and was he successful to do this? The social, political and intellectual activities of Mohammad Mahdi Al - Sewaich were not academically and independently studies niether inside or outside Iraq. Furthermore, this personality was not (if not very rarely) mentioned in the academic studies that studied the clergymen in karbala and Najaf. Besides, there was no mentioning of his activities when talking about activities of other clergymen. The reason, as the researcher thinks was the special nature of the personality of Al - Sewaich who did not want to show himself and because he was busy to build himself without help of others whether socially, intellectually or economically. That put him in a Kind of isolation away of suspicion and duplicity. The study consists of an introduction, four chapters and conclusion. Chapter one studies the scientific and social upbringing of Mohammad Mahdi Al - Sewaich. It sheds light on his family, Kinship, sources of thinking, teachers, students and different works in philology, Quran commentary, history, literature, poetry… etc. Chapter two discusses his social role and activities that were represented by his reforms and travels to study and spread Islam as a preacher and orator. He went to India and Pakistan for this purpose and to Egypt to complete his study of religion. He had a special role to spread teachings of prophet Mohammad's Kins (Peace be upon them), to urge to maintain the Islamic unity and to reject sectarian conflict. He also travelled to Bahrain to teach religion, to preach and to start Hussaini mourning assemblies. He was also active in other different social aspect inside and outside Iraq and that was represented by his role in Iraqi Writers Association in Basrah and Orphan Care Association, in his opening libraries, arranging ceremonies, lecturing, teaching in courses in addition to his encouragement to sport, acting and other social activities. He was behind conversion of many foreigners to Islami causes. Chapter three highlights his political role inside and outside Iraq during the royal and republican eras. It tackles his attitude towards the different political ideas and trends of the communists, the nationalists, the socialists and the sectarians as well as his position of the regional political and military developments of the Iranian Revolution 1979, the Iraqi opposition outside Iraq, the triple aggression on Egypt in 1956, Arab - Israeli war in 1967, First Gulf war 1980 - 1988, Second Gulf war 1991 and the economic sanction on Iraq. Chapter four discusses his intellectual role and achievements in Islamic thinking and Quran commentary, doctrines and rules, Hussain's Renaissance, moderation, compromising and his jurisprudence, his views and opinions of Islamic approaches and trends like Al - Bahism, Qadianism, Sheikhism and his refuting wahabism in addition to his position of the different Islamic creeds, his style and his speeches. He was a spiritualist, a philosopher, a poet and a historian. He wrote in Iraqi and Arab newspapers and journals about different scientific and human topics. The conclusion is devoted to show the most important results arrived at by the researcher. The conclusion reflects his social, political and intellectual role inside and outside Iraq where he practiced his different activities. Finally, the researcher hopes that this humble effort of him achieves his aim of contributing something to the Iraqi and Arabic library to study prominent personalities and particularly this Basri one.

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

السنة: 2017

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: ياسين طه ياسين الهارون

اسم المؤلف: حميد سيلاوي لفتة المالكي

الحملة الفرنسية على روسيا القيصرية 1809 - 1812 The French Campaign Against Tsarist Russia 1809 - 1812

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: The revolution that took place in France in the year 1789 was not an event that influenced France alone, in fact it crossed the borders to include the whole world , particularly Europe whose Kings began to fight its liberal ideas fearing that those ideas may reach their countries ; therefore, the reactions of the European countries towards the new revolution varied : some of the accepted them, others fought them and still others were indifferent. What matters here is the position of Russia towards that Revolution. They splitinto two parties : the Russian people supported the Revolution and found out that it was a way to get rid of the absolute monarchy and thus started to study the principles of the Revolution carefully. On the other hand the Russian Government was apparent from the nature of Empress Catherine the Second, 1762 - 1796, who fought all that related to the Revolution and dismissed the French that were settling in her country. Not only did she prevent the Russians from importing any French goods and stopped the trade with France but she also urged the Europeans to start a war against France. As a result those countries formed the first coalition against France in the year 1792. The Russian Empire continued in its hostility towards the French Revolution till her death in 1796. When her son, Paul the First, ascended the throne 1796 - 1801 ,he changed attitudes towards the Revolution and appeared as a man of peace at the beginning ,but when France occupied Egypt and Malta ,the new Tsar had to adopt a hostile position against France.Then he joined the new coalition of 1798 against France. Because of the different points of views and plans of themembers of theCoalition ,Paul the First left the coalition and signed a treaty with France. After the death of Paul the First, Alexander the First became the emperor 1801 - 1825. He was in peace with Napoleon ,who became the First council of France ,and after the war that took place between Britain and France , Bonaparte became the Emperor ,the relations between France and Russia witnessed new tension ,particularly when Napoleon executed Duke Angan ,one of the prices of the Bourbons, which the European countries regarded as actualthreat to their benefits, those countries agreed to form a third European coalition. Russia and Britain represented the corner stone of that coalition, where Russia led a lot of battles against France such as Austerlitz battle in 1805, Eylau battle in 1806 and Friedland battle in 1807.In all those battles the victory was French. Later on the two countries signed a peace treaty ,known as the Tlst Treaty in 1807, in which the two parties agreed to be allied and friends.That friendship was stressed in Erfurt Conference, which was held in 1808. The relations between the two countries continued to be friendly till the year 1810, when Russia breached that treaty by refusing to apply the embargo against Britain. The whole year 1811 the two countries continued in their correspondences that led, atlast, to Napoleon’s Campaign against Russia on the 23nd of june,1812. He and his army pushed deep into the Russian lands, where the Russians adopted the strategy of retreating deep into their land, and burning all the cities that they were withdrawing from , however the campaign did not end up unless Napoleon defeated and his army, which its strength exhausted due to a lack foodstuff materials into as well as the winter, which was harsh where the temperature dropped to ( - 26 Celsius). This actually forced Napoleon to return to France, at the same time Russia was pushed to form the sixth alliance against France.After the Allied victories in the Battle of Leipzig, Napoleon was forced to return to the France borders, but it was too late, and allied forced had decided to enter to Paris, and it was done in 1814. The first Paris Treaty was held in the same year, which brought up the dismissal of Napoleon, and then exiled to the Island of Elba, and formation of a new interim government and the return of the Bourbon to the throne of France. The campaign led by Napoleon against Russia ended all Napoleon's dreams to control over theEuropean Continent and to expand with the East.

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

السنة: 2017

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: مشعل مفرح ظاهر العونان

اسم المؤلف: اسراء عبد الكريم طاهر المالكي

التسامح في ظل الحكم الفاطمي في مصر 358 - 567هـ/968 - 1171م Tolerance Under The Fatimid Rule (358 - 568 A.H./969 - 1171 A.D.)

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: Fatimid Caliphate aappeared in morocco in (297A.H./909 A.D.) after a long struggle and a highly careful, secretive movement because of the Abbasid Caliphate's stress twoeards Isma'ilism. Abbasid Caliphate used killing and intimidation against their followers or sympathizer. Abu Abdullah al - Shi'i, or Sana'ani according to some sources, started the movement. He succeeded to convince the Kutama tribe of Berbers with his call during Hajj season in Mecca. Afterwards, he established the Fatimid Caliphate in inmorocco which was an Ismaili Shia Islamic caliphate. It lasted a century. They expanded to include Egypt in (358 A.H. /969 A.D.). They built Cairo, their capital, making it a center of peace, stability, and beneficence. The Fatimid Caliphate took these characterized from Isma'ilismand they adopted as their political approach. Without doubt, the Fatimid Caliphate had its negatives, however, they committed to tolerance since the beginning and after establishing their rule. They confirmed their tolerance when Jawhar al - Siqill?, the leader of Al - Mu'izz Al - Fatimid Caliph's army, issued a document of safety to the people of Egypt. The document resembles a human rights declaration which they used till their last days. Fatimid Caliphate strived to enhance the principles of citizenship throughout its institutions. These principles are called nowadays human rights. It turned a blind eye to religious or sectarian belonging. This tolerance in religious and political aspects towards its people distinguished it from former governments. Fatimid Caliphate secured the freedom of mind and religion to its people. My thesis is about tolerance under the Fatimid rule during (358 - 567 A.D./969 - 1171 A.D.).The researcher dealt with an introduction, three chapters, conclusion, and bibliography. The first chapter is about aspects of tolerance in the Fatimid Caliphate which is divided into three sections. Section one gives definitions to the term tolerance linguistically and idiomatically. It also explores tolerance in Quran and Sunnah. Section two is about tolerance with Sunni Islam in religious rights, rituals, and celebrations. Section three is about tolerance with the people of the dhimma (jews and Christians) in their religiousrituals and building churches and monasteries. The second chapter deals with political tolerance. It is divided into three sections : section one is about tolerance inside Egypt, section two is about tolerance outside Egypt, and section three is about giving jobs to non - Ismailis. The third chapter is about social, economic, and scientific tolerance. It is divided into three sections : section one is about tolerance and celebrating national holidays, section two is about economic tolerance in agriculture, industry and trade, and section three is about the scientific side and the contributions of Caliphs and ministers in science and building libraries. At the end, we ask God help and guidance.

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

السنة: 2016

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: توفيق دواي موسى الحجاج

اسم المؤلف: خمود عبد غركان البهادلي

المجلس التاسيسي الكويتي (1961 - 1963) : دراسة تاريخية The Constituent Assembly Of Kuwait (1961 - 1963 ) : A Historical Study

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: The chiefdom of Kuwait Signed in 1899, on the agreement of British protection under which became a protectorate administered some of their affairs, especially out wardness by Britain. was that agreement lasted until 19 June 1961, when Britain announced that Kuwait's independence, became incumbent on the Kuwaits to prove its existence as an independent state, citizens enjoy freedom and democracy, and that through the creation of a constituent assembly elected "suggest" to the world that the Kuwaiti government is moving towards more democracy. However, the march toward democracy soon clashed with the mentality of some of the ruling family elders, who refused at first to waive certain privileges which was granted to them in their capacity as the ruling family elders, Participated all their weight in the Kuwaiti Constituent Assembly. came participation by appointment rather than election, as is the case with the rest of the members of the Constituent Assembly, which confirms the fear of any democratic transformation lose their some of their privileges. plenty of the academic researchers, have significant and multiple aspects, specialized study of Kuwait contemporary political history, is that despite the importance of the Kuwaiti Constituent Assembly ( 1961 - 1963 ), close to its association with the lives of the Kuwaiti citizen on the one hand, and install the foundations of the modern state after the institution was about way to build the joints of the Kuwaiti state as a whole on the other hand, we have not noticed any concentration by those academic studies, for addressing the Council of Kuwait constituent of topics, and the Bill of laws and amendments, except for some writings and articles scattered, which dealt with a very small fraction of the Thread, noting that some of them have been written without the generality that there is a fight in the details, which made it difficult for any researcher, having such a topic in light of the lack of these studies first, and the difficulty of the subject and its complexities Second. Based on the historical significance of the above, it came this study tagged : ( Council Kuwaiti Constituent Assembly from 1961 to 1963 ), in order to detect one of the important aspects and the mean in Kuwait contemporary political history, an attempt to examine role of the Kuwaiti constituent assembly, and its contribution to the transmission of Kuwait from a tribal entity managed some internal and external affairs by the state of Britain's protection, an independent state adopts the existing democratic system of governance elections and parliamentary representation. as well as study the discussions members of the Special legislation of laws and amendment by the Constituent Assembly, which paved the way for the adoption of the permanent Kuwaiti constitution and the election of the National Assembly. The research found a set of findings and conclusions that can incorporate the most important as follows : First : the desire of Britain, Sheikh Abdullah Al - Salem Al - Sabah, and some Kuwaiti dignitaries, the establishment of a constitutional alternative to the tribal government the prevailing system in Kuwait at the time system, as it is becoming imperative for Kuwait after its independence from Britain in 1961, to prove its existence as an independent state, citizens enjoy freedom and democracy, and so through the creation of elected councils "suggest" to the world that the Kuwaiti government is moving towards more democracy.Second : The most important can be notice on the work of the Kuwaiti Constituent Assembly, is the presence of ministers appointed as members of the Council exercising two floors at the same time first : an executive capacity as minister in the Kuwaiti government, or Council of Ministers, and the second : a legislative capacity as members of the Constituent Assembly, so the problematic work of the Constituent Assembly was stemming from the attempt to the executive, the acquisition of the largest amount of powers to the legislative branch account, meaning that the legislature be dominant by the executive branch, and this is what made ministers insist initially through "a spokesman on their behalf," adviser legal Kuwaiti government Mohsen Abdel Hafez, that the task of the Constituent Assembly are limited to a supervisory role.Third : regardless of all the motives that accompanied the formation of the Kuwaiti Constituent Assembly, the Council's work form an important event in the history of Kuwait's political, economic and social, as the mode or the Constituent Assembly drafted the foundations of the system of government in Kuwait, which is destined to continue until the present day, the Although there are some obstacles and political problems faced by the parliament to work in Kuwait, and the Dismantling of the Kuwaiti National Assembly for several times, and electoral fraud, and the Deactivating of some articles of the Constitution, which thanks to the Kuwaiti accomplished Constituent Assembly.Fourth : such as the work of the Kuwaiti Constituent Assembly during that period, a radical shift in the history of Kuwait contemporary political, after the first legislative institution representative of the population to be formed in Kuwait, which has become a reason to create a kind of political awareness among the population of Kuwait, as "Feeling" the presence of a representative entity their own regulator monitors the work of the executive authority, defends their rights through the exercise of the functions of the legislative and regulatory authority, and about the so rushed some residents of Kuwait and dignitaries, to submit petitions and complaints related to their problems, especially the character service, which had previously been neglected, some ministers of the executive branch before the formation Foundation Board.Fifth : The follower of the minutes of the Kuwaiti Constituent Assembly, the minutes of the meetings of the committee preparing the permanent Kuwaiti constitution, foand that most of the laws and legislation political, economic, administrative and service, and some of the permanent Kuwaiti Constitution, were approved under pressure from ministers of the executive authority ( Council of Ministers ), the dominant the work of the Constituent Council ( Parliment ), or to find compromise solutions between the elected members and appointed, and that the necessary ignored the objections of the elected members, and resorting to a vote, which is always in favor of the appointed ministers as members of the Constituent Assembly, or taking the opinion of the Prince Sheikh Abdullah Salem Al - Sabah, to Definitiveness some of the topics at issue, which the size or reduced the independence of the work of the Kuwaiti Constituent Assembly to pass a lot of laws and legislation, it seemed as if the executive branch is watching the work of the legislature, other than what is the case in all parliaments of the world adoptive system democratic governance.Sixth : Overall, we can say that the Constituent Assembly of Kuwait, has succeeded despite the obstacles and difficulties created by the ministers of the executive branch appointed as members of the Constituent Assembly, in the tasks entrusted to him perform under the Interim Constitution of Kuwait : ( Act No. 1 of 1962 ), laid the foundations of the state Kuwait, through legislation, modification and approval of many of the political, economic, administrative and service laws, as well as being able to By done his mean mission president of the preparation of the permanent Kuwaiti constitution, which was approved by the Emir of Kuwait, Sheikh Abdullah Al - Salem Al - Sabah, dated 11 November 1962, under which announced the end of the action Board Kuwaiti Constituent Assembly, to take place after the elections, members of the Kuwaiti National Assembly, which held its first session on 29 January 1963.Seventh : Finally The research, to the Kuwait Permanent its constitution of 1962, he moved from the traditional chiefdom - based formula on the basis of the absolute rule of the elders of the Al - Sabah family, to a limited and incomplete constitutional emirate preliminary version, under the constitutional system of governance amid combines two systems Parliamentary the presidential, with a tendency towards the first, as part of the equation summarized Articles IV and VI of the Permanent Constitution of Kuwait, after Kuwait hereditary emirate where limited presidential Descendents Sheikh Mubarak Al - Sabah, provided that the system of government in which a democratic, under which sovereignty of the nation, all of which are the source of authority, and on despite limited mobility and not complete, but it is a big and important step compared to what it was the conditions of Kuwait in the pre - independence, particularly since the transition from autocracy system to a constitutional system of government, has identified the powers of the prince and the elders of the ruling family, for according to a Permanent Kuwaiti constitution, the center of a system which combines the two systems parliamentary and presidential.

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

السنة: 2017

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: رافد عبد الرضا عيلان الخفاجي

اسم المؤلف: دعاء علي سرحان الزيدي

سبي ال البيت عليهم السلام : دراسة تاريخية Captivating Of Al - Al Bait From Al - Taff To Al - Sham Region 61 A.H. / 680 A.O. A Historical Study

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: The unique and pioneer Al - Taff experience has always carried the heat of true essence of jihad throughout history , in every page ,Among its most effective pages Al - taff had illustrated the captivating of Al - Al bait peace be upon them , They were taking prisoners from Al - Taff in Karbala to Al - sham region , where most of them were women and children , The captivating violated all the Muslim principles which the A maven had claimed to have ; as well as every moral principle Arabs had be fore Islam , The ideological jihad which Al - Bait peace be upon them had shown in those exceptional circumstances had shown their highly qualified characters , which had caused a strong shake to the human's conciunce.Their speeches which were described as ideological jihad were also a loud scream against the corrupting that it caused all the fake masks of deciept to fall.Those who were deceived or confused were eventually able to see the truth.All that happened because of what Al - Bait captivated did during the revolution of Imam Hussein peace be upon him.We tried to collect the pieces of evidence and signs of what happened after the battle of Al - Taff to explain the true events unlike what was illustevated by biased and dishone st writers. Our research has five chapters induding introduction ; preface conclusion , few annexes and references.The preface lists in summary the causes of Imam Hussein revolution ; his martyrdom with his family and supporters in Al - Taft battle which led to the captivating of Al - Bait peace be upon them. The first chapter talks about the captivating of Al - Bait peace be uponthem feom Al - Taft to the city of kufa.The chapter has three main sections. The first section talks about the meaning of "captivating".The second section talks about the meaning of "Al - Al Bait " peace be upon them.The third section talks a bout the beginning of captivating and the arrival at Kufa. It also demonstrates the number of captives of the woman in Imam Hussein family.The second chapter talks about the captives of Al - Al bait in Kufa and their effect on Kufa community. This chapter consists of six sections. The first section talks about how the captives were shown in the streets of Kufa. The second section talks about the speech of zaineb Bint Ali peace be upon them. The third section talks about speech of Fatima Bint AlHussein peace be upon them.The fourth section talks about the speech of Um Kalthoom Bint Ali peace be upon them. The fifth section talks about the speech of Imam Ali Bin Al - Hussein (Alsajad) peace be upon them. The sixth section talks about the entry of the captives to the palace.The second chapter ends with the affects of the captivating of Al - Al bait peace be upon them on the people of Kufa.Then the chapter ends with the length of period of time the captives remained in Kufa. The third chapter talks about the captivating of Al - Al bait peace be upon them form Kuta to Al - Sham Region.The chapter has four sections.The first Section talks about the leaders who accompanied the caravan of Al - Al bait peace be upon them , form Kuta to sham.The second section talks about the roods from Kuta to Damascus.The third section talks about the road which Al - Al bait peace be upon them had taken from Kuta to Damascus and the places they had passed by.The fourth section talks about the arrival of Al - Al bait captives to Damascus. The fourth chapter talks about Al - Al bait peace be upon them at the board of Yazeed Bin Muawaya. This chapter is divided into four sections.The first section talks about the first talks of Al - Al bait peace be upom them with Yazeed.The second section talks about the speech of Zainab Bint Ali peace be upon them. The third section talks about the speech of Imam Ali Bin AlHussein peace be upon them. The fourth section talks about the aspects of the captivating of Al - Al bait peace be upon them and its effects on the people of sham and their reaction which included the refusal to the actions of Yazeed Bin Muawaya and the interval of how long the captives of Al - Al bait had remained in sham be fore they left.The fifth chapter talks about the head of Imam Hussein be upon him and its burial and it is divided into two sections. The first section talks about the beheading and its political and social aspect.The second section talks about the burial of the head of Imam Hussein peace be upon him.Finally ; the conclusion includes the most important results which this research has concluded , supported by several maps and diagrams

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

السنة: 2016

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: نزار عبد المحسن جعفر الداغر

اسم المؤلف: قسام جاسم قاسم الحسني

قوات المقاومة الشعبية في العراق 1اب 1958 - 29 تموز 1959 Folk Resistance Forces In Iraq 1 August 1958 - 29 July 1959

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: If one traces the temporary history of Iraq, especially the period during which Abdul Kareem Qassim ruled from 1958 up to 1963, he will find a lot of bloody strife and struggles in that one starts thinking about the source behind these struggles and turmoil. The answer to such question is that there were two trends for the ideological policies which were different. These were the national and communist parties. It seems that the main reason behind these differences was attributed to the kind of policy practiced by the government in treating such struggles and its results. Thus, the formation of the folk resistance forces in 1958 is considered as a procedure agitating the conflict, and hence, the significance of the study comes from this source of discussion, regardless talking about the source of establishing the militias in Iraq. Also, little has been written on this subject. The significance of this study lies in its revelation of the roots of the contemporary political struggles after the 14 July revolution in 1958. This study falls into a preliminary and three chapters and a conclusion. The preliminary is primarily concerned with the rise of the 14th July revolution in 1958 and the Arab's position and national attitude towards this Rise. The national position from this revolution is considered one of the sources of the formation of the folk resistance. Chapter one includes three sections. The first one is devoted to show the reasons of establishing the folk resistance. In section two, several topics are discussed such as the law of folk resistance and the leading of these forces, besides other things. Section three pays attention to the distribution of the centers of the folk resistance forces in the provinces of Iraq. Chapter two shows the role of these forces in the happenings in Iraq from 1958 to1959. Section one in this chapter focuses on the Rasheed Aali Al - Gailani's movement showing the reasons of the rise of this movement and its results. Section two shows the role of the folk forces in Mosel happenings in 1958 and the rise of Abdul Al - Wahab's movement and its resistance of the folk forces. This section also focuses on explaining the role these forces in Mosel's massacre from 9 to 29 on March in 1959 and the position of the Iraqi government from these forces after the happenings of Al - Shawaf. Section three focuses on Rasheed Lolan's movement in Rawndooz on May in 1959, showing its causes and the role of the folk forces in dissolving this movement. Chapter three deals with the surpasses of these forces and the position of Abdul - Kareem Qassim from them in (1958 - 1959). The chapter explicates the surpass of these forces against ministers and military officers, against laws, administrations, and against the political parties. The conclusion comes finally to shed light on the result that these forces were the main helpers for the Iraqi army and the security forces. They under the influence of the communist party. This influence put these forces in two positions in that they should follow the government orders and guide and the communist party's orders. This affected their nature of work and led to a lot conflicts later on till they were dissolved in July 29th in 1959

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

السنة: 2017

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: فرات عبد الحسن كاظم الحجاج

اسم المؤلف: بشائر محمود مطرود المنصوري

الصراع على السلطة في اندونيسيا 1965 - 1967 The Struggle For Power In Indonesia 1965 - 1967

المصادر:

الملخص:

المستخلص: This thesis deals with Power conflict in Indonesia from 1965 to 1967. The researcher aims at investigating the causes and results of this conflict, its Development stages and the intentions of the involved parties. The importance of choosing this topic stems from the importance of Indonesia in South - East Asia which passed through many historical events. Independence and power hand over from Holland started a new stage of home political advances, where the parliamentary institution (1949 - 1957) followed the Western countries procedures. It legalized the freedom to form political parties and practice their work to lead opposition from inside the parliament building. However, this system failed soon because of the conflict between the political parties. This failure pushed President Sukarno to apply oriented democracy starting from 1957, where he took power in his hands and cancelled the parliamentary system; he developed good relations with the Indonesian Communist Party whose authority widened because of Sukarno's support. This lead army Generals to be the main Power after the authority of the competing parties to the Communist Party had weakened after the application of oriented democracy. Army Generals stood against the Communist party for fear of taking over power. Sukarno stood beside the party which led to a new stage in the conflict during the period 1965 - 1967. The first chapter of the study tackled the Indonesian political situation during the period (1949 - 1957). Chapter two is entitled Movement of the First of October (May - October 1965). This chapter deals with the direct preparations to the Movement, the upraise of the Movement and the change in President Sukarno's position towards it. Chapter three is entitled The Role of General Suharto against the First of October Movement, it displays General Suharto's role in evoking public opinion against President Sukarno and his role in standing against the first of October Movement. Chapter four deals with the home situation crisis in Indonesia which resulted from Sukarno's formation of the National Front for his followers to stand against General Suharto's campaign against him. This chapter refers also to the ministerial modification that Sukarno started which led to a greater inside crisis and Which evolved into what happened in March 1966. This chapter also focused on the steps that General Suharto had taken to strip Sukarno of his authorities and drive him away from ruling Indonesia. The conclusion included the most important conclusions that had been reached at through studying Authority conflict in Indonesia (1965 - 1967)

الصفحات الاولى:

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

اللغة: العربية

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

الدرجة: ماجستير

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الحديث والمعاصر

السنة: 2017

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

اسم المشرف: كاظم هيلان محسن السهلاني

اسم المؤلف: عمر عدنان داود الخالد