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دور المؤشرات (TGF - B - 1, IL - 10,TNF - a) في امراضية الصدفية == The Role of TGF-B1, TNF-a and IL 10 Signaling in The Pathogenesis of Psoriasis

Author name: تضامن حسين عبد الله
Supervisor name: اسماعيل ابراهيم لطيف | خضير خلف ابراهيم
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Diyala

الكشف الجزيئي عن فايروس بوكا البشري بين الاطفال المصابين بالتهاب المعدة والامعاء في محافظة ديالى == Molecular Detection of Human Bocavirus among Children with Gastroenteritis in Diyala Governorate

Author name: غسق منذر علي
Supervisor name: اريج عطية حسين | جليل ابراهيم كاظم
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Diyala

دراسة جزيئية لفيروس المليساء المعدية في محافظة ديالى == Molecular Study of Molluscum Contagiosum Virus in Diyala Province

Author name: ســرور عبـود محمــد
Supervisor name: زهراء جعفر جميل
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Diyala
First pages:

دراسة مقارنة لعوامل الضراوة للبكتريا المعزولة من اخماج المسالك البولية لمرضى العناية القلبية المركزة == A comparative study of the bacterial virulence factors isolated from urinary tract infections for cardiac care unit patients

Author name: حنان ثامر نجم عبد علي الجميلي
Supervisor name: عباس عبود الدليمي | احمد مذب المساري
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:

دراسة مصلية ومناعية للفايروس المضخم للخلايا لدى عينة من النساء ذات الحمل الطبيعي والاسقاطات المتكررة في محافظة ديالى == Serological and immunological study of cytomegalovirus infection among group of women with normal pregnancy and recurrent miscarriage in Diyala province

Author name: نور الهدى سعدون جاسم
Supervisor name: محمد خليفة خضير | مازن رزوقي محمد
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:

بعض المؤشرات المناعية عند مرضى السكري النمط الاول في مدينة بعقوبة == Some immunological indicators in patients with type 1 diabetes in the city of Baquba

Author name: بان شبيب محسن مصلح
Supervisor name: عباس عبود فرحان الدليمي | محمد عبد الدايم صالح
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:

الكشف عند اضداد فيروس الابشتاين بار في مصول مجموعة من الاطفال في محافظة ديالى == Detection of Epstein-Barr Virus Antibodies in Sera of a Group of Children from Diyala Province

Author name: محمد قاسم صالح
Supervisor name: عبد الرزاق شفيق حسين | ناظم غزال نعمان
General topic: Medicine
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Diyala

التباين الجزيئي لعزلات Escherichia Coil من مصادر محلية مختلفة وعلاقته بالمقاومة للمضادات الحيوية

Author name: حسام احمد دايح حسن
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
University location: Diyala

الكشف المصلي والجزيئي عن فيروس بوكا البشري لدى الاطفال المصابين بخمج المجاري التنفسية العلوية في قضاء المقدادية - محافظة ديالى == Serological and Molecular detection of Human bocavirus infecteion among children with upper Respiratory tract infections in L A Muqdadiya- Diyala Province

Author name: اسماء صالح نصيف
Supervisor name: محمد خليفة خصير
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:

العزل والتشخيص الجزيئي لبعض انواع الملاسيزيا المعزولة من الكلاب والبشر المصابين بداء السعفه المبرقشه في محافظة ديالى == Isolation and molecular identification of some Malassezia spp. isolated from dogs and human infected with pityriasis versicolor in Diyala Province

Author name: احمد كامل عواد العزاوي
Supervisor name: علي ابراهيم علي العزي | غسان حمدان جميل
General topic: Veterinary Medicine
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Diyala

خصائص المطثيات العسيرة الجرثومية والسمية وعلاقتها بتناول المضادات الحيوية في مستشفى البتول التعليمي في مدينة بعقوبة

Author name: رنا صلاح مهدي الزبيدي
Supervisor name: عباس عبود فرحان الدليمي | عبد الرزاق شفيق حسن الجميلي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Diyala
First pages:

دراسة بكتريولوجية لبعض مسببات الاسهال لدى الاطفال == Bacteriological study of the some causes of diarrhea in children

Author name: ريا خليل ابراهيم القيسي
Supervisor name: عباس عبود فرحان الدليمي | هادي رحمن رشيد الطائي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: This study included The investigation of the existence some type of Enterobacteriaceae bacterial Causes Diarrhea in (215) samples for patients sufferers symptoms indicate that their infection Diarrhea. period from 1\10\2014 to 30\1\2015, and used MacConkey agar and blood agar for the cultivation of these samples.The results refer that 65 isolates are belonging to bacteria of Enterobacteriaceae 13 (20 %) Proteus mirabilis and 3(4.6%)Morganella morganii 2(3.1%) Salmonella spp by using diagnostic phenotypic ,biochemical tests and confirm the diagnosis by using system Vitek2.The results of the investigation of some virulence factors showed the isolates of Proteus mirabilis produce of haemolysin (92.3%) ,while Salmonella spp and Morganella morganii have not ability to produce this enzyme. The results showed that all isolates of Proteus mirabilis and Salmonella spp and Morganella morganii were produced urease by (100%) (0%) (100%) respectively.The results showed that all isolates of Salmonella spp and Morganella morganii were produced protease by (100%)(50%) while Proteus mirabilis have not ability to produce this enzyme.The results showed that isolates of Proteus mirabilis were produced bacteriocin by (69.2%) while Salmonella spp by (50%) and Morganella morganii have not ability to produce this enzyme The results showed a variance as far as their resistance to these antibiotics. Isolates of Proteus mirabilis showed highest resistance rate (76.9%) for Ampicillin e while isolates of Salmonella spp highest resistance rate (100%) for Cephalothin, Cefotaxime and Ampicillin , while isolates of Morganella morganii showed highest resistance rate %100 for Trimethoprime , Ampicillin , Cephalothin , Nalidixic acid , Piperacilli.The results showed (15) isolates rate (83.33%) have multiple resistance pattern for antibiotic and divided into two groups , first group included (5) isolates which were resistant to ( 2 - 5 ) antibiotics , while second group included (10) isolates were resistant to (6 - 10) antibiotics . Results indicated that the second group was dominant. The results showed that the Resistance prevailing coordinated to isolates Proteus mirabilis is (4) antibiotic (Ap - TM - CTX - NA) and to isolates Morganella morganii is (6)antibiotic (AP - TN - PRL - NA - KF - FOX) and to isolates Salmonella spp is (3) antibiotic (AP - CTX - KF).Results showed content plasmid for Proteus mirabilis and Morganella morganii they do not contain plasmids packages While shown Salmonella spp content on plasmids one package .The results of bacterial conjugation In the liquid medium The success of the process of bacterial conjugation for Salmonella spp That have one package of plasmids before and after of bacterial conjugation .The results of transmission of prescription antibiotics (TM - AP - KF - CTX)

متلازمة الابنية المريضة بين الحضر والريف : دراسة مقارنة == Sick buildings syndrome between the Urban and Rural areas : A comparative study

Author name: ســرمـد قاسـم مـحمــد الـتميمي
Supervisor name: عدنان نعمة عبد الرضا العزاوي | عامر محمد ابراهيم
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة الميدانية في محافظة ديالى للفترة الواقعة بين 1/تشرين الاول/2014 ولغاية 1/اذار/ 2015 وشملت مناطق حضرية ومناطق ريفية واخرى وسطية في طور التحول ،بهدف التعرف على الاثار الصحية للملوثات البيئية(الكيميائية والفيزيائية والحيوية) في الاماكن المغلقة مع بيان الفرق في نسب تلك الملوثات بين مناطق الدراسة. تضمنت الدراسة توزيع 150 استمارة استبيان تحتوي على الجنس ،مجموعة من الظروف البيئية ومجموعة من الاعراض المرضية والتي تشير الى وجود بيئة مريضة ، بواقع 50 استمارة لكل منطقة .وتم قياس تركيز الغازات اول اوكسيد الكاربون (CO)، وثاني اوكسيد الكاربون (( CO2 ،وثاني اوكسيد النتروجين(NO2) في داخل المبنى وفي خارجه باستعمال جهاز تحليل الغازات Portable Gas Analyzer وكذلك قياس درجة الحرارة والرطوبة النسبية في داخل المبنى. كما تم جمع 150 مسحة بكتيرية بواقع 50 مسحة لكل منطقة وذلك من مصادر بيئية مختلفة شملت المطابخ، الصحيات وغرف النوم وتم تشخصيها مختبريا،اضافة الى اجراء فحص الحساسية الدوائية تجاه مجموعة من مضادات الحياة للعزلات المشخصة . بينت نتائج الدراسة الحالية ان اعراض متلازمة المباني المريضة Sick Building Syndrome (SBS) مثل العصبية ،الصداع ، ضيق التنفس ، جفاف العين وجفاف الجلد كانت اكثر ظهورا لدى سكان المناطق الحضرية اذ بلغت نسبتها32.5%، 32.4%،24.4%، 20.5%، 17.1 % على التوالي، في حين كانت اقل ظهورا لدى سكان المنطقة الوسطية وكانت قليلة جدا لدى سكان المنطقة الريفية وكانت الاعراض الدوران، تشتت الانتباه ، تهيج الانف، وتهيج العين، اكثر ظهورا لدى سكان المنطقة الوسطية اذ بلغت نسبتها 27% ،24.8%،23.3%، 12.2% على التوالي،وايضا كانت اقل ظهورا لدى سكان المنطقة الريفية. وكانت الاعراض الصداع، جفاف العين ،تهيج العين وجفاف الجلد اكثر ظهورا على الاناث من الذكور، في حين ان الاعراض العصبية والانزعاج والدوران كانت اكثر ظهورا على الذكور. وبينت النتائج ان عوامل الخطر البيئية المساعدة على حدوث الاعراض مثل التعرض الى سوء التهوية ، الروائح الكريهة وضعف الاضاءة الطبيعية كانت متوافرة في البيئة الحضرية بصورة اكثر وبنسب 28.6%،22.4%،20.4% على التوالي ، في حين ان التعرض الى الغبار والهواء الجاف كان بنسب اعلى لدى سكان المنطقة الوسطية وبنسب27.1%،23.2% على التوالي. وكانت الظروف البيئية بنسب اقل لدى سكان المنطقة الريفية. اما نتائج قياس تركيز الغازات CO، CO2،NO2 فقد كانت اعلى تركيزا في المناطق الحضرية وبنسب 2.62 جزء بالمليون ، 0.13 جزء بالمليون ،0.20 جزء بالمليون على التوالي ، في حين كانت الاقل تركيزا في المناطق الريفية والتي بلغت 0.10 جزء بالمليون، 0.006 جزء بالمليون، 0.06 جزء بالمليون على التوالي. لم تكن هناك فروق معنوية بالنسبة لقياس درجات الحرارة والرطوبة،اذ بلغ معدل درجة الحرارة في المنطقة الوسطية 23.9م تلتها المنطقة الحضرية 21.8م ، وسجلت في المنطقة الريفية اقل درجة 21.6م .اما بالنسبة للرطوبة النسبية تفوقت المنطقة الريفية باعلى نسبة للرطوبة فبلغت 58.9%، وتلتها المنطقة الحضرية55%، وتمثلت المنطقة الوسطية باقل نسبة للرطوبة 54.8% اما بالنسبة لنتائج العزل البكتيري فقد المنطقة الريفية اعلى نسبة للنمو الايجابي اذ بلغت 46 من اصل50 عينة وبنسبة (92%)،تلتها المنطقة الوسطية 35 من اصل 50 عينة وبنسبة (70%) ، وجاءت المنطقة الحضرية باقل نسبة 24 من اصل 50 عينة وبنسبة(48%)، في المنطقة الريفية كانت البكتريا الموجبة لصبغة كرام هي السائدة اذ شكلت بكتريا Staphylococcus aureus اعلى نسبة (43.4 %) وEscherichia coli (19.5%) اما الاجناس pseudomonas aeruginos وpneumoniae Streptococcus فقد بلغ كل منهما (10.8%) وبلغت pneumonia klebsiella (4.3%). وفي المنطقة الوسطية كانت ايضا البكتريا الموجبة لصبغة كرام هي السائدة فقد شكلت S. aureus (42.8%) تلتها E.coli (20%) وP. aeruginosa (17.1%) وpneumoniae S . (8.5%) واحتلت K. pneumonia المرتبة الاخيرة (2.8%) . اما في المنطقة الحضرية فقد كانت البكتريا السالبة لصبغة كرام هي السائدة فبلغت نسبة P. aeruginosa وS. aureus (33.3%) وبلغت نسبة الاجناس E.coliو pneumoniaeK. ،و pneumoniae S.، (12.5%) ،(8.3%) ، (4.1%) على التوالي . وبينت نتائج فحص الحساسية تجاه المضادات اوجمنتين (Augmentin)، والامبسلين Ampicillin)) ،والتوبرومايسين Tobramycin) )،والامبينيم ( Imipenem) ان معظم الاجناس كانت متحسسة وبنسب متفاوتة،الا ان بعض الاجناس ابدت مقاومة تجاه انواع معينة منها. | This field study was conducted in Diyala province for the period between 1/10/2014 until 1/3/2015 included urban areas and rural areas and other centrist in transition, with a view to identifying the health effects of environmental contaminants (chemical, physical and biological) in enclosed spaces with the difference in the proportions of those pollutants between the study areas. It includes the distribution of 150 a questionnaire containing, sex set of environmental conditions and a set of symptoms that indicate the presence of sick environment, by 50 for each form region and concentration measurement of gases (CO, CO2, NO2) inside the building and outside by using Portable Gas Analyzer as well as temperature and relative humidity In inside the building. He also collected 150 bacterial swab 50 swab for each area,from different environmental sources included kitchens, bedrooms and Health facilities and laboratory - diagnosed, as well as a test of sensitivity to a range from antibiotic of the isolates diagnosed. The results showed that Sick Buildin Syndrome symptoms such as nervousness, headaches, shortness of breath, eyes dry and skin dryness were at ahigher rate in urban areas as the average 32.5%,32.4%, 24.4%, 20.5% 17.1% respectively, while less visible in the middle of the region and were very few the rural of the region, symptoms were Rotation, Attention Deficit, irritation of the nose, eye irritation, more common the middle of the region as the average of 27%, 24.8%, 23.3% , 12.2%, respectively, and Less amonge to the population of the rural area. symptoms as headache, eye dry, eye irritation, dryness of the skin were more amonge females than males, while the symptoms as neurological , discomfort, and the rotation was more pronounced on males. The results showed that environmental risk factors help symptoms occur, such as vulnerability to poor ventilation, odors and poor natural light available in a more urban environment as the average 28.6%, 22.4% , 20.4% respectively, whereas exposure to dust and dry air was higher among residents of the middle region as the average of 27.1%, 23.2% respectively and environmental conditions were lower in the rural area. The results concentration of measurment gases (CO, CO2, NO2) were higher in the urban areas, as average ( 2.62 ppm, 0.13 ppm, 0.20 ppm) respectively, while the less concentrated in rural areas, which reached (0.10 ppm, 0.006 ppm, 0.06 ppm) respectively, There was no significal differences for measurement of temperature and humidity, with an average temperature in the middle region ( 23.9)m followed by the urban area of (21.8) m, recorded in rural lower (21.6 )m .for relative humidity overtook the rural area with the highest percentage of humidity, reaching 58.9%, followed by urban area 55%, and middle area was the lowest 54.8%. The results of bacterial isolation region showed the highest Percentage in the rural isolation 46 sample (92%), followed by the middle region 35 sample (70%)and urban area with less than 24 sample (48%). the rural area showed the positive it for bacteria gram stain were most common , accounting Staphylococcus aureus bacteria highest percentage (43.4%) , Escherichia coli (19.5),the races, pseudomonas aeruginosa and Streptococcus pneumoniae were each (10.8%) and klebsiella pneumonia (4.3%). In the middle area the positive it for bacteria gram stain were most common accounting S. aureus might formed (42.8%) Followed by E. coli (20%) , P. aeruginosa (17.1%) , S. pneumonia (8.5%)and K. pneumonia ranked last (2.8%) In the urban area negative it for bacteria gram stain were most common accounting P. aurgenosa and S. aureus was (33.3%) and the result of species E. coli, K. pneumonia and S. pneumonia were (12.5%) (8.3%) (4.1%) respectively. the results of sensitivity to antibiotics Augmentin, Ampicillin, Tobramycin, Imipenem ,that most strain were resistance in varying percentage, some strain have expressed resistance towards certain types

دراسة مناعية وتقييم انتشار الاجسام المضادة الخاصة ضد اللولبية الشاحبة بين العراقيين المتبرعين بالدم

Author name: انس وسام مالك
Supervisor name: عباس عبود فرحان الدليمي | محمد عبد الدايم صالح
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: السفلس هو مرض ينتقل جنسيا بوساطة بكتريا اللولبية الشاحبة Treponema pallidum ويصنف اما مكتسب او ولادي .اجريت هذه الدراسة في المركز الوطني لنقل الدم في بغداد خلال جزء عملي اشتمل على المرضى المراجعين للمركز للمدة من 1 اب الى 31 كانون الاول 2014 . تضمنت الدراسة 70 مريضا و10 اصحاء ظاهريا من كلا الجنسين بمعدل عمر من 24 الى 57 سنة.جمعت عينات المرضى من وحدة الفايروسات بوساطة متخصصين الذين شخصوا الحالات المرضية .تضمنت المعلومات الديمغرافية العمر,الجنس والعنوان. اظهرت نتائج الدراسة الحالية معدل العمر ± الانحراف المعياري7.14±41)) سنة في المرضى(من 24 - 57 سنة) كما اظهرت النتائج ان(2.9%) من المرضى كانوا ضمن الفئة العمرية (21 - 30 سنة) ,وكانت نسبة الفئة العمرية (31 - 40 سنة ) هي (40%),و نسبة الفئة العمرية (41 - 50 سنة ) هي(44.3%)والفئة العمرية (51 - 60 سنة ) هي (. (12.8%علاوة على ذلك ان ما مجموعه ((74610 من متبرعي الدم العراقيين تتراوح اعمارهم من 18 - 60 سنة عرضوا لاكتشاف الاصابة بمرض السفلس ,وان ما مجموعه(769) من المصابين بالمرضوكان عدد المصابين من الذكور( (753بنسبة(97.9%) وكان عدد الاناث هو16 بنسبة(2.1%) .من ناحية اخرى تم اختيار 70 مصاب من المجموع الكلي للمصابين (769) وتم فحصهم ضمن بعض المؤشرات المناعية واظهرت النتائج ازدياد مستوى IL - 2 في مجموعة المرضى عن مستوى مجموعة السيطرة .وكانت قيمة المعدل± الانحراف المعياري ±64.9941.92 pg/ml و39.69 ±52.94pg/ml على التواليولم يلاحظ وجود فروق معنية احصائية بين كلا المجموعتين. فضلا عن ذلك ازداد مستوى IL - 10 في مجموعة المرضى عن مستوى مجموعة السيطرة .وبلغت قيمة المعدل± الانحراف المعياري ±559.101804.20pg/ml و±377.47252.36pg/ml على التوالى.بينما كان مستوى IFN - γ اقل في المرضى وكان المعدل ± الانحراف المعياري 239.35 ±201.38pg/ml عن المستوي في مجموعة السيطرة الذي بلغ 248.51±291.49pg/ml .فضلا عن ذلك كان مستوى IgG في كلا المجموعتين (المرضى والسيطرة ) عاليا , بلغت قيمة المعدل ± الانحراف المعياري لمجموعة المرضى825.66±287.18pg/ml وكانت لمجموعة السيطرة 638.28±242.41pg/ml لذلك لا يوجد فرق معنوي احصائي بين كلا المجموعتين = P value)0.166( كذلك بلغت قيمة المعدل ± الانحراف المعياري لمستوى IgM في مجموعة المرضى 121.01±70.57pg/ml وكانت لمجموعة السيطرة 50.96±21.61453pg/ml مما يدل على وجود فرق معنوي احصائي بين كلا المجموعتين(P value=0.031). بلغت قيمة المعدل ± الانحراف المعياري لمستوى C3 في مجموعة المرضى±112.22pg/ml 26.34 بينما كانت ±147.7617.41pg/ml لمجموعة السيطرة. وهذا يعني وجود فرق معنوي احصائي بين كلتا المجموعتينP value) =0.004). اخيرا وصلت قيمة المعدل ± الانحراف المعياري لمستوى 4Cفيمجموعة المرضى ± 22.7622.76pg/ml بينما كانت في مجموعة السيطرة±34.412.15pg/ml .مما يدل على وجود فرق معنوي احصائي بين كلتا المجموعتينP value) =0.005). | Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) created by the Treponema pallidumand characterized as acquired or congenital.This study was conducted in National Blood Transfusion Center in Baghdad as crosswise over area study incorporating patients going to in the period from 1 August to 31 December 2014. The study included 70 patients and 10 apparently healthy individuals from both sex withage range from 24 to 57 years oldas control group.The specimens of patients were gathered in virology unit by virologists who conclusion the cases. The demographic data incorporates age, sex and location. The results of present study showed thatmean of age ±SD of patients was 41±7.14 years (from 24 - 57 years ) , also theresults showed (2.9%) of patients were from (21 - 30 years), (40%) of patients were from (31 - 40 years), (44.3%) of patients were from (41 - 50 years), (12.8%) of patients were from (51 - 60 years).Furthermore,a total of 74610 Iraqi blood donors, aged from 18 - 60 years were discovered to have been screened for syphilis, a total of 769 Infected syphilis there were the number of males were753 (97.9%) and females were16 (2.1%).On another hand 70 syphilis patients were selected from total infected patients ( 769) and was examined to some immunological parameters and the results showed that the level of IL - 2 higher in patients group than that of control group.Themean ±SD was 64.99±41.92pg/mland 52.94±39.69 pg/ml respectively withoutnoticing any significant statistical difference was between both groups. Additionallythe level of IL10 was higher in patients group than that of control group,the mean ±SD were559.10±1804.20 pg/ml while in control were 377.47±252.36 pg/ml.Whereas, the level of IFN - γ was lowerin patients, the mean ±SD were201.38 ±239.35pg/ml than thatin controlWhich were 291.49 ±248.51pg/ml. Furthermore, the level of IgG in both patients and controlwas almost more thanthe mean ±SDfor patients were 825.66±287.18 mg/dl and in controls they were 638.28±242.41 mg/dl. Therefore, there was no significant statistical difference between both groups (P value =0.166). Also , themean ±SD for the level of IgM in patients, were121.01±70.57mg/dl whereas in controls theywere 50.96±21.61453mg/dl.This means that there is a significant statistical difference between both groups (P value =0.031).For the level of C3 in patients ,the mean ±SDwere112.22±26.34mg/dl while in controls they were 147.76±17.41mg/dl. This indicates that there is a significant statistical difference between both groups (P value=0.004).Finally, the mean ±SD the for level of C4 in patients were 22.76± 8.44mg/dl while in control they were 34.4±12.15mg/dl. Therefore there is a significant statistical difference between both groups (P value=0.005).

مقارنة وراثية وبكتريولوجية بين Staphylococcus spp. وStreptococcus spp. المقاومة لمضادات الــ Macrolide والمعزولة من اصابات سريرية مختلفة == Genetic and Bacteriological Comparative between Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. resistance to Macrolide , isolated from different clinical infections

Author name: سيف علي محمد الحيالي
Supervisor name: هادي رحمن رشيد الطائي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: جمعت 200 عينة من مصادرمتنوعة شملت ( الادرار، والدم ، ومسحات الاذن الوسطى ، والقشع ، والجروح ، والبلعوم ، ومسحات مهبلية ) من مستشفيات ( بعقوبة العام ، البتول للولادة ، وبلدروز العام ) بالاضافة الى بعض المراكز الصحية وذلك للفتره من 1/ 9 / 2013 لغاية 1 /1 /2014 ، حيث اظهرت 75 عينة وبنسبة (37.5%) نموا سالبا للزرع البكتيري و125 عينة (62.5%) نموا موجبا للزرع البكتيري . تم الحصول على 40 عزلة تعود للجنسين Staphylococcus spp. وStreptococcus spp . اذ شخصت العزلات باستخدام الاختبارات الزرعية , والمجهرية , والكيموحياتية فضلا عن الفحص التاكيدي للعزلات باستخدام نظام api 20 staph and strep . وصلت نسبة Staphylococcus المعزولة من الدم الى 33.3% ومن الادرار 12.6% ومن البلعوم 36% ، ومن الاذن الوسطى 13.8% ، ومن الجروح 18.7% ، اما نسبة Streptococcus المعزولة من البلعوم فكانت نسبتها 30.7% ، ومن القشع 11.7% ، ومن الجروح 6.2% . تم اختبار حساسية جميع العزلات لبعض مضادات الـــ Macrolide الشائعة الاستخدام بالاضافة الى مضاد الكلندامايسين العائد لعائلة الــ Lincosamides ، اظهرت النتائج ان مقاومة S. aureus للارثرومايسين وصلت الى نسبة 50% ، وللازيثرومايسين بنسبة 45% ، وللكلندمايسين بنسبة 25% . اما S. epidermidis فقد كانت النسب كالتالي 66.6% للارثرومايسين و44.4% للازيثرومايسين ، و11.11% للكلندامايسين . اما بالنسبة للجنس S.pyogenes فكانت نسب المقاومة كالتالي 25.5% للارثرومايسين ، و25.5% للازيثرومايسين ، و14.5% للكلندامايسين . تم تحديد التركيز المثبط الادنى لمضاد الارثرومايسين للعزلات قيد الدراسة والتي اظهرت مقاومة تجاه هذا المضاد في فحص الحساسية بطريقة الاقراص (المقاومة) حيث تراوحت قيم MIC للعزلات بين (<64 - 32) مايكروغرام / مل . تم التحري عن قابلية عزلات Staphylococcus spp . و. Streptococcus spp على انتاج بعض عوامل الضراوة وقد اظهرت النتائج ان تلك العزلات كانت منتجة لعدة انواع من الانزيمات والذيفانات التي تسهم عادة في امراضيتها ومن هذه الانزيمات انزيم البروتييز، واللايبيز ، واليوريز، والانزيم المحلل للدنا ، والستافيلوكاينيز ، والستربتوكاينيز وكذلك اظهرت هذه العزلات قدرتها على انتاج اربعة انواع من الهيمولايسين (الفا ، بيتا ، كاما ، ودلتا). كما وتم التحري عن قابلية العزلات على انتاج الطبقة اللزجة Slime layer باستخدام طريقة اكار احمر الكونغـو وقد بينت النتائج ان كلا الجنسين لها القدرة على انتاج الطبقة اللزجة فقد اظهرت النتائج ان (65% ) من عزلات بكتريا S. aureus منتجة للطبقة اللزجة بينما كانت جميع عزلات S.epidermidis وبنسبة %100 منتجة للطبقة اللزجة ، بينما اظهرت 75% من عزلات S.pyogens قدرتها على انتاج الطبقة اللزجة . اجريت عملية استخلاص للدنا الكلي البكتيري لـ ( 12 ) عزلة ثم اجري تفاعل البلمرة المتسلسل PCR لعزلات Staphylococcus spp. وStreptococcuss spp. المقاومة للـ Mcrolide وذات MIC اكثر من64 مايكروغرام/ مل والموجبة النمو على الوسط المعلم بالارثرومايسين من خلال استعمال البوادىء المتخصصة التي تستهدف التسلسل النوعي للجين erm A وmef A ، رحلت نواتج التضاعف على هلام الاكاروز بتركيز 1% ولوحظ ظهور حزمة واحدة في جميع المسارات في الهلام بالمستوى نفسه بالنسبة للجينين . اظهرت النتائج ان نسبة وجود الجين erm A في عزلات S. aureus وصل الى 80% وفي عزلات S.epidermidis 30% ، وفي عزلات S.pyogens وصلت النسبة الى 50% ، اما بالنسبة للجين mef A فكانت نسبة توافره في عزلات S. aureus 20% ، وفي عزلات S.epidermidis 40% ، وفي عزلات S.pyogens 50% . | Collected 200 samples from different clinical sources included (Urine , blood , middle ear , sputum, throat , wounds , and vaginal swabs) from hospitals (Baquba teaching hospital , AL - Batool hospital and Balad Ruz teaching hospital) in addition to some health centers for the period from 1 / 9 / 2013 until 01 / 01 / 2014. As demonstrated 75 samples 37.5% were negative growth for bacterial culture and 125 62.5% positive growth of bacterial culture . 40 isolates belonging were obtained to both genus Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. These isolated were diagnosed by using cultural tests , microscopic, and biochemical characteristics as well as a confirmatory test for the isolates using the api 20 staph & strep system . The percentage of Staphylococcus isolated from the blood is 33.3% the urine 12.6% the throat 36% , middle ear 13.8% , and the wounds 18.7%, while the percentage of Streptococcus isolated from the throat was represented 30.7% , the sputum 11.7% , and the wonds 6.2%. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed on all isolates against some of the commonly used Macrolide members in addition to the clindamycin return to the lincosamides family using the disk diffusion method , the results showed that the resistance of S. aureus to erythromycin reached to 50% , for azithromycin 45% , and for clindamycin is 25% . The S. epidermidis ratios were as follows 66.6% for erythromycin 44.4% for azithromycin , and 11.11% of the clindamycin ، while the resistant of S.pyogens were as follows 12.5% of erythromycin , 12.5% of the azithromycin , and 14.5% of the clindamycin . The minimum inhibitory concentration MIC for erythomycin of isolates under study which showed resistance to the antibiotic sensitivity test in a Disk diffusion method where ranged between <33 - 64 µg / mL . investigated the ability of Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp on the production of some of the virulence factors . The results showed that these isolates were productive for several types of enzymes and toxins that contribute usually in pathogenicity. One of these enzymes , protease enzyme , lipase enzyme , urease enzyme , Dnase enzyme , Staphylokinase enzyme , and Streptokinase enzyme and also showed these isolates ability to produce Four types of Heamolysin (alpha , beta , gamma , and Delta) . It also has been investigating the susceptibility of isolates to produce a Slime layer using the Congo red agar ( CRA) ، The results showed that both genus have the ability to produce slime layer and Biofilm formation , the results showed that 65% of the S. aureus producing Slime layer while all S.epidermidis isolates produced the slime layer , while showed 75% of the isolates S.pyogens ability to produce Slime layer. Conducted the process of total DNA extraction to 12 isolates under study that resist Macrolide members . polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done for isolates of the bacterium Staphylococcus and S.pyogens resistance of Mcrolide and with MIC more than 64 micrograms / ml by using specialized primers targeting sequence specific gene erm A and mef A , deported outputs doubling the agarose gel concentration 1% and observed the emergence of a single package in all the tracks in the gel at the same level for the genes . The results showed that the percent of the presence of erm A gene in isolates of S. aureus arrived 80% and in isolates S.epidermidis 30% , and in isolates S.pyogens got to 50% , while for mef A gene the presence in isolates of S. aureus was 20% , in isolates S.epidermidis 40% , and in isolates S.pyogens 50% .

حدوث الاصابات الفطرية الجلدية بين السكان في مدينة بعقوبة وضواحيها == Occurrence of Cutaneous Mycoses Among The People In Baquba City And Vicinity

Author name: ميساء تقي عبد الحسن الخزعلي
Supervisor name: عباس عبود فرحان الدليمي | عبد الرزاق شفيق حسن الجميلي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: جمـعت نماذج القشطات الجلدية ، الشعر ، والاظافر من (320) مريضا كانوا يظهرون علامات يشتبه سريريا ارتباطها بالفطريات للمدة بين الاول من كانون الاول 2003 ولغاية الحادي والثلاثين من اب 2004 ، وفحصت مختبريا بوساطة الفحص المجهري المباشر باستخدام محلول هيدروكسيد البوتاسيوم (10%) وبواسطة الزرع على وسط اكار السابرويد دكستروز ، لتاكيد الاصابات الفطرية ولتحديد انواع الفطريات المسؤولة عنها.اظهر الفحص المختبري نتائج ايجابية للاصابات الفطرية لدى (248) مريضا ، واعتمادا على المسبب المرضي قسمت تلك الاصابات الفطرية الى ثلاثة مجموعات وتبين ان مجموعة الفطارات الجلدية (Dermatophytoses) هي السائدة (52.4%) وتلتها النخالية المبرقشة (Pityriasis Versicolor) بنسبة (25.8%) ، ثم الاصابات الجلدية بالمبيضات (Cutaneous Candidiasis) بنسبة (21.8%). صنفت الفطارات الجلدية سريريا الى ستة اشكال وتبين ان سعفة الجسم (44.6%) هو الشكل السائد ويليه سعفة الراس (39.2%) ، سعـفة الوجه (10.8%) ، سعفة القدم (2.3%)، ثم سعفة الفخذ (1.5%) ، وسعفة اليد (1.5%) ولـم تكن هناك فروقات معنوية في نسب الاصابات بالفطارات الجلدية بمختلف اشكالها بين الذكور والاناث ، اما بخصوص اعمار المصابين فقد لوحظت زيادة معنوية في نسب الاصابات بالفطريات الجلدية خاصة في سعفة الجسم وسعفة الراس ، لدى فئة الاعمار (1 - 11) سنة مقارنة بنسب حدوثها لدى المصابين من الاعمار الاكبر سنا ، وحول علاقة الاصابة مع مناطق سكن المصابين تبين ان اعـلى نسب الفطارات الجلدية خاصة في سعفة الجسم وسعفة الراس ، سجلت لدى المصابين من المناطق الريفية ( 68.5% ) مـقارنة باولئك من المناطق الحضرية ( 31.5 % ) . اظهرت الفحوص الزرعية للنماذج التي جمعت من الفطارات الجلدية ، ان النمو الفطري في وسط اكار السابرويد دكستروز كان ايجابيا في 107 (82.3%) عينة ولدى التعرف على انواع الفطريات في اوساط الزرع تبين ان الفطر Trichophyton mentagrophytes كان السائد بنسبة (33.6%) ويليه الفطر Trichophyton rubrum (21.5%) ، Trichophyton verrucosum (16.8%) ، Trichophyton tonsurans (11.2%) ، ثم Trichophyton soudanense (9.3%) ، وTrichophyton violaceum (7.5%). كما تبين ان الفطر Trichophyton soudanense قد تم عزله في الدراسة الحالية لاول مرة في العراق . كانت نسبة كبيرة من المصابين بالفطر T.mentagrophytes (22.4%) والفطر T.verrucosum (11.2%) يربون الحيوانات داخل منازلهم ، بينما سجلت اعلى نسب الفطريات الاتية : T.rubrum (14.9%) ، T.tonsurans (9.3%) ، T.soudanense (7.5%) ، وT.violaceum (7.5%) لدى المصابين الذين اعطوا تاريخا عائليا لوجود اصابات فطرية جلدية. درست النخالية المبرقشة تبعا لمواقع الاصابة في الجسم فتبين ان اصابة الرقبة كانت الاكثر شيوعا لدى (40.6%) من المصابين وقد وجد ان الاصابة البيضاء كانت اكثر الاصابات تكرارا (67.2%) مقارنة بالاصابات الغامقة اللون ، وسجلت اعلى نسب الاصابة لدى الذكور (73.4%) مقارنة بالاناث (26.5%) ، اما بخصوص اعمار المصابين فقد لوحظت زيادة معنوية في نسبة الاصابة لدى فئة الاعمار (12 - 31) سنة حيث بلغت (76.6%) مقارنة بنسب حدوثها لدى المصابين من الاعمار الاصغر والاكبر من هذه الفئة . وحول العلاقة بين الاصابة ومناطق سكن المصابين فلم تظهر فروقات معنوية في نسب الاصابة بين المصابين من المناطق الحضرية (48.4%) واولئك من المناطق الريفية (51.6%). بينت نتائج الفحص المجهري المباشر عن وجود الفطر Malassezia furfur في جميع حالات النخالية المبرقشة . سجلت الاصابات الجلدية بالمبيضات تبعا لمواقع الاصابة في اجسام المصابين فتبين ان اصابة الطيات الجلدية (62.9%) خاصة ما بين اصابع القدم (29.6%) وما بين اصابع اليد (20.4%) هي الاكثر شيوعا . وقد لوحظت زيادة معنوية في نسبة الاصابة لدى الاناث (72.2%) مقارنة بالذكور (27.8%) ، واما بخصوص اعمار المصابين فقد سجلت اعلى نسب الاصابة لدى فئة الاعمار (12 - 31) سنة حيث كانت (62.9%) مقارنة بنسب حدوثها لدى المصابين الاصغر والاكبر سنا من هذه الفئة . حول العلاقة بين الاصابة ومناطق سكن المصابين فلم تظهر اية فروقات معنوية في نسب الاصابة بين المصابين من المناطق الحضرية (55.5%) واولئك من المناطق الريفية (44.4%) .كشفت نتائج الفحص الزرعي للنماذج التي جمعت من حالات الاصابات الجلدية بالمبيضات عن نتائج ايجابية في جميع الحالات ولدى التعرف على انواع المبيضات المعزولة تبين وجود نوعين منها ، وكان الفطر Candida albicans هو السائد (88.9%) ويليه Candida tropicalis (11.1%). | Skin scrappings , nail, and hairs specimens were collected from 320 patients with clinically suspected to be infected with cutaneous mycoses during the peroid from 1st / December 2003 to 31th / August 2004 . These specimens were examined by direct mount with KOH(10%) and culture on Sabouraud’s - Dextrose agar plates for isolation and identification of causative fungi.The results showed that 248 (77.5%) were positive for fungi. Thereafter, according to the causative agent, the patients were divided into 3 groups; Those patients with dermatophytes were common (52.4%), followed by patients with pityriasis versicolor (25.8%) and finally those with cutaneous candidiasis (21.8%). The results also showed that these dermatophytoses were belong to the following clinical intities; Tinea corporis was the common (44.6%) followed by Tinea capitis (39.2%), Tinea facialis (10.8%), Tinea pedis (2.3%), Tinea cruris (1.5%) and Tinea palmaris (1.5%). There was insignificant difference among clinical pictures of dermatophytoses between male and female. Concerning the age groups, the results revealed a significantly higher infection rate among the age group (1 - 11) years, particulary Tinea corporis and Tinea capitis. Furthermore, higher rate of dermatophytes particulary Tinea corporis and Tinea capitis among rurals compared to urbans. Culture of specimens on Sabouraud - Dextrose agar were positive in 107 (82.3%) case. Trichophyton mentagrophytes were the predominent type of fungi isolated (33.6%), followed by T.rubrum (21.5%), T.verrucosum (16.8%), T. tonsurans (11.2%), T.soudanense (9.3%), and T.violaceum (7.5%). For the best of our knowledge, the species T. soudanense was isolated for the fiest time in Iraq in this study.Higher infection rate with T.mentagrophytes (22.4%) and T.verrucosum (11.2%) were found among patients who breed domestic animals inside their houses. However, Higher infection rate with T.rubrum (14.9%), T.tonsurans (9.3%) , T.soudanense (7.5%) , T.violaceum (7.5%) were found among patient who gave positive past family history of dermatophytoses.The most common site of clinical pityriasis versicolor was the neck (40.6%), and the white patches were the predominent (67.2%). Higher infection rate with P. versicolor was found among males (73.4%) compared to females (26.5%). The infection rate was significantly higher (76.6%) among the age group (12 - 31) years. However, there was insignificant difference between urbans (48.4%) compared to rurals (51.6%). The results of direct microscopical examination with 10% KOH revealed the presence of Malassezia furfur in all specimens of pityriasis versicolor cases. Cutaneous candidiasis was mostly affected skin folds (62.9%) especially the interdigital space (29.6%) and among the fingers (20.4%). Significantly higher infection rate was revealed among females (72.2%) compared to males (27.8%). The age group (12 - 31) years was the hardly infected (62.9%). However, there was insignificant difference concerning the residence of the patients, the infection rate among urbans was (55.5%) and that among rural was (44.4%). All culture of specimens taken from cases of cutaneous candidiasis were all positive, and the Candida albicans was the predominent isolates (88.9%) followed by C.tropicalis (11.1%).

توزيع عيارية الاضداد النوعية للسالمونيلا في محافظة ديالى وتاثير بعض العوامل عليها == Distribution of anti - Salmonella antibody titer in Diyala province and the effect of certain factors

Author name: عدوية فاضل عباس الزبيدي
Supervisor name: عباس عبود فرحان الدليمي | عبد الرزاق شفيق حسن الجميلي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة للمدة من الاول من تشرين الاول 2003 الى الثلاثين من كانون الاول 2004 في مختبر الصحة العامة، ومختبر مستشفى عام بعقوبة. استهدفت الدراسة قياس عيارية الاجسام المناعية للمستضد الجسدي والسوطي لسالمونيلا التايفي والباراتايفي A,B,C بطريقة فحص الويدال ودراسة حساسية العزلات الجرثومية لبعض المضادات الحيوية بطريقتي الانتشار من الاقراص وطريقة التخفيف في الانابيب لمعرفة التركيز المثبط الادنى.شملت الدراسة مجموعتين : مجموعة السيطرة التي تضمنت 123 شخصا من الاصحاء ظاهريا انتخبوا من بين متبرعي الدم ممن لم يطعموا بلقاح التيفؤيد ولم يصابوا بحمى التيفؤيد او الباراتيفؤئيد لثلاث سنوات سابقة. تكونت هذه المجموعة من 65(52.8%) اناث و58(47.2%) ذكور، وكان غالبيتهم يقطنون المناطق الريفية 88(71.5%)، كانت الاعمار تتراوح بين 15 - 50 سنة، اما الوسط الحسابي لاعمار المشاركين فهو (6.9 + 24.7) سنة. مجموعة المرضى ضمت 127 مريضا بحمى التيفؤيد او الباراتيفؤيد ممن كانوا يحالون من العيادة الاستشارية لمستشفى عام بعقوبة وبقية مستشفيات المحافظة اعتمادا على العلامات السريرية. تكونت المجموعة من 85(66.9%) اناث، و42(33.1%) ذكور، وكانت نسبة الذين يقطنون المناطق الريفية 69(54.3%)، كانت الاعمار تتراوح بين 3 - 70 سنة، اما الوسط الحسابي لاعمار المرضى فكان(13.5 + 31.7) سنة. من خلال فحص الويدال الذي اجري بطريقة التخفيف الثنائي للامصال فقد تبين ان عيارية الاجسام المناعية الاساسية(Baseline anti Salmonella - O - antibody) للمستضد الجسدي لسالمونيلا التايفي والباراتايفي A,B في مجموعة الاصحاء فقد كانت 160/1 اما للسالمونيلا باراتايفي C فقد كانت 80/ 1 . اما عيارية الاجسام المناعية الاساسية للمستضد السوطي (Baseline anti - Salmonella - H - antibody) فهي للسالمونيلا تايفي والسالمونيلا باراتايفي A كانت 640/1 وللسالمونيلا باراتايفي B فكانت 320/1 وللسالمونيلا باراتايفي C فكانت 80/1 اما عيارية الاجسام المناعية للمستضد الجسدي للمصابين بالسالمونيلا تايفي والباراتايفي A,B فكانت ( 320 /1) ، والسالمونيلا باراتايفي C فكانت (160/1) . عيارية الاجسام المناعية للمستضد السوطي للمصابين بالسالمونيلا تايفي والباراتايفي B فكانت (640/1)، والسالمونيلا باراتايفي A فكانت (320/1) والسالمونيلا باراتايفي C كانت (160/1). المعدل والوسيط الحسابي لعيارية الاجسام المناعية للمستضد الجسدي والسوطي للسالمونيلا تايفي والباراتايفي لكل من مجموعة السيطرة والمرضى فقد ظهرت فروقات معنوية (P< 0.001) للمستضد الجسدي للسالمونيلا تايفي والبارتايفي AO, BO . في حين لم يكن هناك فرق معنوي (P=0.42 ) للسالمونيلا باراتايفي CO . وكذلك ظهرت فروقات معنوية للمعدل والوسيط الحسابي لعيارية الاجسام المناعية للمستضد السوطي للسالمونيلا تايفي والباراتايفي AH ، BH اذا كانت قيم P ( P<0.001, P=0.001 , P=0.002 ) على التوالي في حين لم يكن هناك فرق معنوي للسالمونيلا باراتايفي CH اذ كانت قيمة P (P=0.94). لم تظهر النتائج تاثيرا معنويا لعوامل السكن، والعمر، والجنس، وحدوث اصابات سابقة على عيارية الاجسام المناعية للمستضدين الجسدي والسوطي لسالمونيلا التايفي والباراتايفي (A,B) في كل من مجموعة المرضى والاشخاص الاصحاء ظاهريا فكانت قيمة P لعامل السكن للاصحاء تتراوح بين (0.94 - 0.17 ) وللمرضى كانت قيمة P تتراوح بين (0.19 - 0.96)، ولعامل الجنس قيمة P للاصحاء (0.07 - 0.93) وللمرضى تراوحت بين (0.93 - 0.29 ) اما تاثير عامل العمر فكانت قيمةP للاصحاء تتراوح بين (0.05 - 0.93 ) وللمرضى تراوحت بين (0.05 - 0.93 ) ولتاثير الاصابات السابقة كانت قيمةP لمجموعة المرضى تراوحت بين (0.2 الى 0.97). خلال مدة الدراسة تم عزل 19 عزلة جرثومية بواقع 7 عزلات للسالمونيلا تايفي و8 عزلات للسالمونيلا باراتايفي B و4 عزلات للسالمونيلا باراتايفي A . استخدمت العزلات الجرثومية لدراسة الحساسية الدوائية لاثني عشر مضادا حيويا بطريقة الانتشار من الاقراص، فظهرت 18(%94.7) منها حساسة للسبروفلوكساسين و11 (%57.9 ) للجنتامايسين والستربتومايسين 10(%52.6) وحامض النالدكسك 8( 42.1%) والكوترايمكسازول 7( 36.8%)، والكلورامفينكول والتتراسيكلين والسيفو تاكسيم فكانت 6(31.6 %) والامبسيلين 4(21.1%) والبنسلين 3(15.8%) والارثرومايسين 1(5.3%). ولم تظهر اي عزلة حساسة للفانكومايسين . وقد اظهر الاختبار الاحصائي (Cochran test) فرقا معنويا عند مقارنة العزلات الحساسة للمضادات الحيوية اذ كانت قيمة (p <0.001). اختيرت اربعة مضادات حيوية متداولة في علاج حمى التيفؤئيد، والتي اظهرت حساسيتها الدوائية بطريقة الانتشار من الاقراص لحساب التركيز المثبط الادنى (MIC ) بطريقة التخفيف في الانابيب باستخدام المرق (broth dillution) فكانت الحساسية الدوائية للعزلات لكل من السبروفلوكساسين 19(100%) ولحامض النالدكس 17(89.5%) وللكلورامفينكول 10(52.6 %) وقيمة MIC لهذه المضادات الثلاث 50 مكروغرام/مللتر.اما الجنتامايسين فكانت الحساسية الدوائية14(73.7 %) وقيمة MIC له كانت 25 مكروغرام/مليلتر وقد ظهرت فروقات معنوية للحساسية للعزلات الجرثومية اتجاه المضادات الحيوية فكانت (P=0.004 ). | This study was conducted in Public Health Laboratory and Baquba General Hospital for the period from 1st. October/2003 to 30th /December/2004. The study aimed to determine the baseline titer of anti - salmonella (O) and (H) antibodies for salmonella typhi (S.typhi) and salmonella paratyphi (S.paratyphi) A,B and C among normal population and typhoid fever patients and to investigate the impact of certain epidemiological factors. Additionally, the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of salmonella isolates were tested by disc diffusion and tube dilution method to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of certain commonly used antibiotics. Two groups were included in this study; the control group consist of 123 normal healthy individuals. They were randomly chosen from blood donors who were neither received typhoid vaccine nor infected by typhoid or paratyphoid ever for three years ago. 65(52.8%) were females and 58(47.2%) were males, most of them 88 (71.5%) were from rural areas. The age range was 15 - 50years, while the mean age was (24.7+ 6.9) years. The patient group consists of 127 patients who were referred from outpatient clinic of Baquba general hospital and other hospitals in Diyala province for their clinical signs suspected typhoid or paratyphoid fever. This group was consist of 85 (66.9%) females and 42(33.1%) males, 69(54.3) were from rural areas. The age range was 3 - 70 years, while the mean age was (31.7 + 13.5). The Widal test which was carried out by serial 8 fold dilution tube method showed that the baseline anti - salmonella (O) antibody titer for S.typhi and S.paratyphi A and B among healthy individuals was 1/160, and for S.paratyphi C was 1/80. The anti - salmonella (H) antibody titer for S.typhi and S.paratyphi A was 1/ 640, and for S.aratyphi B was 1/320, and for S.paratyphi C was 1/80. Among the patient group, the anti - salmonella (O) antibody titer for S.typhi and S. paratyphi A and B were 1/320, while for S.paratyphi C was 1/160. Concerning the anti - salmonella (H) antibody titer for S.typhi and S.paratyphi B were 1/640, and for S.paratyphi A was 1/320, and for S.paratyphi C was 1/160. The statistical analyses revealed a significant difference in the median of anti - salmonella (O) antibody titers of S.typhi and S,paratyphi A and B in patients compared to controls (P<0.001). However, there was insignificant difference (P=0.42) concerning anti - salmonella (O) antibody titers for S.paratyphi C between the study groups. Similarly, there was significant difference in the median of anti - salmonella (H) antibody titers for S.typhi and S.paratyphi A and B in patients compared to controls (P < 0.002, P=0.001, P<0.001) respectively. While there was insignificant difference concerning anti - salmonella (H) antibody titer for S.paratyphi C between the study groups (P=0.94). The results also revealed that there was insignificant effect of age, sex, residence and previous history of infection on the anti - salmonella (O) and (H) antibody titers for S.typhi and S.paratyphi A,B and C in both patients and control groups. The P values in the control group ranged between (0.17 to 0.94), whereas in the patient group, the P values ranged between (0.16 to 0.96). Throughout the study period, blood culture yielded 19 isolates : 7 for S.typhi, 8 for S.paratyphi B, and 4 for S.paratyphi A. These isolates were used to study the antibiotic susceptibility patterns against 12 available antibiotics using disc diffusion method. The results showed that 18(94.7%) were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, 11(57.9%) were sensitive to gentamycin, 10(52.6%) were sensitive to streptomycin, 8(42.1%) were sensitive to nalidexic acid, 7(36.8%) were sensitive to cotrimethaxazole , 6(31.6%) were sensitive to each of chloramphenicol, cefotaxim and tetracycline, 4(21.1%) were sensitive to ampicillin, 3(15.8%) were sensitive to penicillin, and 1(5.3%) was sensitive for erythromycin. All isolates were resistant to vancomycin. Cochran statistical analyses revealed significant difference in the sensitivity of different isolates to antibiotics (P < 0.001). Broth dilution technique was used to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of four antibiotics against salmonella isolates. The results showed that 19(100%), 17(89.5%) and 10(52.6%) of the isolates were sensitive to ciprofloxacin, Nalidexic acid and chloramphenicol respectively, and the MIC for these antibiotics was 50 μg/ml. Furthermore, 14(73.7%) of the isolates were sensitive to gentamycin, and the MIC was 25 μg/ml. The statistical analyses showed significant difference in the sensitivity of isolates against these antibiotics (P= 0.004). The results also revealed that 9(47.3%) of the isolates were resistant to chloramphenicol, 5(26.3%) were resistant to gentamycin, and 2(10.5%)were resistant to nalidexic acid. All isolates were resistant to more than one antibiotics

عزل وتشخيص البكتيريا Bacillus thuringiensis ودراسة تاثيرها في بعض المقاييس الحياتية لذبابة ثمار القرعيات (Diptera : Tephritidae) Dacus ciliatus == Isolation And Identification of Bacillus Thuringiensis And Studying Its Effects On Some Biological Parameters For Dacus Ciliatus (Diptera : Tephritidae)

Author name: ادريس صالح جليل
Supervisor name: عدنان نعمة عبد الرضا العزاوي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت هذه الدراسة عزل البكتيريا Bacillus thuringiensis من مصادر بيئية مختلفة في محافظة ديالى وتشخيصها بالطرق الكيموحيويه والوراثية والجزئية، اذ جمعت 51 عينة من ترب مختلفة وهي(زراعية وحديقة وغير زراعية) وكذلك من الماء، من خمسة اقضية في محافظة ديالى (بعقوبة | This study included the isolation of pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis from different environmental sources in Diyala province, diagnosis biochemical and genetic partial ways, Mar 50 samples collected from different soils, namely, (agricultural soils and garden soils and non - agricultural soils) as well as from the water, from five districts in the province of Diyala (Baquba, Khalis, Muqdadiyah, Khanaqin, Balad Ruz) for the period from 1 \ 9 \ 2014 to 20 \ 11 \ 2014. Showed the results of biochemical diagnosis and the presence of four samples and by percent 8% It was of a negative for transplantation bacterial and 46 sample growth by percent 92% It was of a growth positive for transplantation bacterial and found that 41 samples of which by percent 82% belong to the genus Bacillus and the species of Bacillus thuringiensis and the percentage of bacteria isolated of agricultural soils 94% and soils garden 93% and water 75%, and soils non - agricultural 44%. The pathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis of positive bacteria a gram dye and spore forming and The most of the natural habitat this bacterium is soil and it is capable of producing the diversified varieties of crystalline proteins with insecticide property. All isolates were tested for this bacteria that which were able growth on the media selective Acetate Sodium Selective and the production of insecticidal crystalline proteins (ICP) When staining by dye Coomassie brilliant blue (CBB) to conduct genetic partial diagnosis using several extraction (Mini gDNA Bacteria kit) processed by Bioneer company was the purity of DNA extracted ranging between (20.1 - 1.22) for all selected isolates, have been diagnosed with the bacteria at the level of genus and species Using the gene 16S rDNA with a molecular weight of 380 base pairs where the results showed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) that all isolates contain this gene and the same molecular weight which is 380 base pairs, also was diagnosed isolates containing the gene component crystalline proteins which cry a e molecular weight 200 base pairs using primer a specialist for this gene in polymerase chain reaction showed the results of gene doubled that all isolates contained the gene and the same molecular weight of 200 base pairs. After making sure of pathogenic bacteria as belonging to the genus Bacillus and species Bacillus thuringiensis according to their chemical diagnostics biochemical and diagnostic genetic partial, attended different concentrations They (1, 2, 3, 4, 5) g/L of thebio preparation for these bacteria to study their impact on the different roles of Cucurbits fruit fly Daus ciliatus. Has been tested the effect of different concentrations of bio - preparation of these bacteria isolated from soil and water on the roles of this insect which eggs and larvae and pupa and AdultsThe results of test the effect of bio - preparation of these bacteria on the eggs of age (1 - 2) Since the highest rate of hatchling (3.2) and by (89%) at a concentration of 1 g / l of bio - preparation and lowest hatchling (0.6) and by (19%) at a concentration of 5 g / L of bio - preparation comparison with control (3.2) and by (96%) for the isolated bacteria from soil Since the highest rate of hatchling (3.1) and by (92%) at a concentration 1 g / L of bio - preparation and lowest hatchling (2.1) and by (62%) at a concentration of 5, 4 g / L of bio - preparation comparison with control (3.2) and by (96%) for isolated bacteria from water, and on The last larval phase, The highest the value of the rate of highest (2.0) and by (99%) at a concentration of 5 g / L of bio - preparation and The less the value of the rate of loss (0.5) and by (26%) at 1g / L of bio - preparation concentration compared with the control treatment (0.07) and by (%3) for isolated bacteria from soil.reached its highest value the loss rate (1.2) and by (57%) at a concentration of 5 g / L of bio - preparation and less the value of the loss rate (1.0) and by (6%) at a concentration 1 g / L of bio - preparation comparison with control (0.07) and by (3%) for the bacteria isolated from water and on pupa age(6 - 7) day, reaching the highest rate of emergence of pupa (3.2) and by (92%) at a concentration of 1 g / L of bio - preparation and less the emergence of pupa rate (0.4) and (13%) at a concentration of 5 g /L of bio - preparation comparison with control (3.2) and by 96% for bacteria isolated from soil reaching the top of the emergence of pupa rate (3.1) and by (92%) at a concentration of 1 g / L of bio - preparation and less the emergence of pupa rate (2.1) and by (62%) at a concentration of 5 g / L of bio - preparation comparison with control (3.2) and by (96%) for bacteria isolated from water. and on kill adult, The highest killing rate for males (1.6) and by (32%) and females (1.5) and (30%) at a concentration of 5 g / l of bio - preparation and less killing of the male rate (0.5) and (10%) and females (0.4) and by (13%), comparison with control males (0.1) and by (2%) and females (0.1) and by (2%) for the isolated bacteria from soil. The highest kill the male rate (0.8) and by (32%) and females (0.7) and (30%) at a concentration of 5 g / L of bio - preparation, and less killing of the male rate (0.2) and (4%) and females (0.4) and by (13%) at a concentration of 1 g / L of bio - preparation comparison with control males (0.1) and by (2%) and females (0.1) and by (2%)for the isolated bacteria from water and one female productivity of egg reached its highest production rate eggs 84.5 eggs per female at a concentration of 1 g / L of bio - preparation, and less egg production rate of 54.5 eggs per female at a concentration of 5 g / L of bio - preparation comparison with control eggs productivity rate of 87.5 egg female for isolated bacteria from soil reaching its highest egg production rate (85%) eggs per female at a concentration of 1 g / L of bio - preparation, and less egg production rate (79.5%) eggs per female at a concentration of 5 g / L of bio - preparation, compared with treatment control productivity rate of whites (85.5%) eggs per female for isolated bacteria from the water

دراسة الانماط المصلية وعوامل الضراوة لبكتريا E.coli المعزولة من حالات خمج المجاري البولية لدى النساء في محافظة ديالى == A Study On Serotypes And Virulence Factors of Escherichia Coli Isolated From Women With Urinary Tract Infections In Diyala Province

Author name: لارة محمود شفيق السوره ميري
Supervisor name: محمد خليفة خضير
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: شملت هذه الدراسة 350 عينة ادرار وسطي ومنها تم الحصول على 100عزلة من بكتريا الاشريشيا القولونية المعزولة من النساء المصابات بالتهابات المجاري البولية في مستشفى خانقين العام, ومستشفى بعقوبةالتعليمي, ومستشفى البتول للولادة والاطفال في محافظة ديالى من الفترة | The study was included 350 samples of Mid - stream urine and which has been obtained 100 isolates of Escherichia coli from women with Urinary Tract Infections in Khanaqin General Hospital and Baaquba Teaching Hospital and Al - Batool Hospital in Diyala Province. All samples were collected from 2013/10/15 to 18/2/2014. All bacterial isolates were identified by the biochemical cultural, serological teast and microbial characteristics and confirmed by VITEKA2, API - 20E system. The serological test was performed by slide agglutination test for the urine isolates and 19 of them 19% gave positive results for the polyvalent antisera O26, O55, O111, O119, O126. The results showed the susceptibility 57 bacterial isolates to produce hemolysin with percentage 57%, and production of bacteriocin Form71%. The production of biofilm by local isolates were detected in three ways, isolates of Escherichia coli has shown its ability to produce biofilm by a manner ELISA, adhesion Surface methods, and a Congo - red methods as apercentage 90%, 83%, 78% respectively. The results showed that 88% from Escherichia coli isolates were able to produce ? - lactamase enzymes by rapid iodometric method, and 4% of isolates have the ability to produce of the Extendended spectrum ? - Lactamase enzyme by using disc Approximation, while 2% of isolates have the ability to produce of Metalo ? - lactamase enzymes by using the Imp - EDTA combination dis casmanaged. The sensitivity of these isolates were tested against (16) antibiotics, the results induct that E.coli had resistance to the antibiotics : Augmentin, Aztreonam, Ampicillin, Co - trimoxazole, Chloramphenicol with the rates 100%, 93%, 92%, 89% and 86% respectively. The isolates were more sensitive to Ceftazidime, Gentamycin, Ciprofloxacin, and Cefixime with resistance rate 41%, 38%, 35% and 30% respectively. The antibiotics Imipenem and Tobramycin were more sensitive with sensitive rate 100% and 80% respectively. Multiple resistance pattern for antibiotic divided into two groups, first included 69 isolates 69% which were resistant to 6 - 10 antibiotics, while second included 31 isolates 31% were resistant to11 - 15antibiotics.

بعض المؤشرات المناعية عند مرضى الحروق في مدينة بعقوبة == Some Immunological Parameters In Burn Patients In Baquba City

Author name: عبد الله خزعل محسن القيسي
Supervisor name: عباس عبود فرحان الدليمي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت الدراسة في مختبرات مستشفى بعقوبة التعليمي التابعة لمحافظة ديالى خلال المدة الزمنية المحصورة من 1 /2014/10 الى 2015/ 7 /1 وتضمنت هذه الدراسة ثلاث مجاميع هي مجموعة المرضى تالفت من 70 شخصا من المرضى الراقدين في ردهة الحروق التابعة للمستشفى اعلاه بواقع | The study was conducted at Baquba teaching hospital in Diyala province during the period October 2014 - July 2015. The study included three groups, a total of 70 patients who were admitted at burn department they were 33 (47.14%) female and 37 (52.85%) male with age range from (1 - 60) year, 40 (57.14%) of 1 - 20 year, 25 (35.71%) of 21 - 40 year and 5 (7.14%) of 41 - 60 year, and three degrees of burns, 15 (21.42%) of the first degree of burn, 34 (48.57%) of the second degree of burn and 21 (30%) of the third degree of burn. The polices of the two people who did not suffer from any medical condition, the first group consisted of 30 people to 14 (46.66%) female and 16 (53.33%) male. And the second set especially cellular Dynamics consist of 10 people included 5 (50%) females and 5 (50%) male, note that sets the polices were distributed to the same age groups above. C - Reactive protein is positive measured effectively using latex examination and rely on the presence of altlasn from non existence, while conducted examinations alghlobulinat immuneglobulins IgG and IgM, and complement components C3 and C4 by single Radial Immuno diffusion and conducted tests kinematics cellular IL - 2 and IL - 6 using adsorption - linked immunosorbent assay technique. The results of the study showed significant difference when level (P < 0.05) for CRP value reaching up to his cause the immune index in patients group compared with the control group. While results of IgG concentration showed great differences at the level of (P < 0.01) in female patients with average (1103.02 mg/dl) and males average (1136.05 mg/dl) compared to the control group females average (977.90 mg/dl) and males average (1038.00 mg/dl). While results of IgM concentration showed great differences (P<0.01) in female patients with average range (242.84 mg/dl) and males average (233.50 mg/dl) compared to the control group females average (124.37 mg/dl) and males an average of (93.10 mg/dl). While results of C3 concertration showed significant differences (P<0.05) in female patients with average range (94.87 mg/dl) and males an average of (131.40 mg/dl), compared to the control group females average (98.6 mg/dl) and males average (93.10 mg/dl). While the results of C4 concentration showed significant differences (P<0.05) in female patients with average range (41.31 mg/dl) and male average (37.78 mg/dl) compared to the control group females average (24.62 mg/dl) and males an average of (25.50 mg/dl). The results of IL - 2 concentration showed great differences (P<0.05) in male patients only average (30.16 pg/ml) compared to the control group average of (29.66 pg/ml). While results of IL - 6 concentration showed significant differences (P<0.01) in female patients with average range (63.39 pg/ml) average male (66.47 pg/ml) compared to the control group females average (2.48 pg/ml) and males average (22.80 pg/ml). Moreover the results of immunological indices the significant differences between age groups and burning scores of people with burns in comparison with the control group

التحري عن جينات المقاومة لمضادات البيتالاكتام واسعة الطيف في بكتريا Acinetobacter baumannii المعزولة من مصادر سريرية == Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta - Lactam Resistance Genes In Acinetobacter Baumannii Isolated From Clinical Sources

Author name: صفا ماجد محمد الباجلاني
Supervisor name: عباس عبود فرحان الدليمي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة عزل وتشخيص 16عزلة من بكتريا Acinetobacter baumannii من اصل 196 عينة جمعت من مصادر سريرية مختلفة في مستشفى بعقوبة العام ومستشفى البتول التعليمي وكانت اعلى نسبة عزل لهذه البكتريا من مسحات الجروح %10.8، ومسحات الحروق بنسبة 8.3%، والادرار 6.9%، | The study included isolation and diagnosis of 16 isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii out of 196 samples collected from different clinical sources in Baquba General Hospital and Al - Batool Teaching Hospital. The highest rate for the isolation of these bacteria from wounds 10.8%, burns 8.3%, urine 6.9%, and blood 5%. The diagnosis of isolates was confirmed by ViTEK2 device in addition to phenotypic, microscopic characteristics and biochemical tests.The results of the investigation of virulence factors for Acinetobacter baumannii isolates showed that all isolates have the ability to adhesion surfaces of epithelial cells of humans (100%), while the ability of 13 isolates to produce biofilm was 81.2%, seven isolates had possessed efflux pumps with high efficiency (43.7%). The investigation of the sensitivity of the isolates for ten antibiotics, the results showed all isolates were resistant to antibiotic cephalexin was 100%, against antibiotics meropenem and imipenem was 50%, the other antibiotics resistance ratios ranged between 81.2% - 56.2%. The results of multi - drugs - resistance tests showed ten isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii possessed of multiple antibiotic resistance, the isolates were divided into two groups, resistance group and other sensitive depending on the resistance to antibiotics, as the first group included ten isolates resistance from 6 - 9 antibiotics, the second group included six isolates resisted from 1 - 4 antibiotics, and the first group is dominant in the study. The concentration (100 µg/ml) of cephalexin, cefotaxime, ceftriaxone to test the ability of isolates were resistant to cephalosporin antibiotics, all isolates showed resistance to this concentration for antibiotic Cephalexin, the resistance Cefotaxime, Ceftriaxone to this concentration was 75% for both antibiotics. The combination disk method used to investigate isolates producing for extended spectrum ? - lactamase enzyms and metallo ? - lactamase enzyms the results indicated that the percentage of isolates under study producing extended spectrum ? - lactamase enzymes and metallo ? - lactamase were 62.5% and 56.2% respectively from the total 16 isolation. It was determined the minimum inhibitory concentration MIC for cefotaxime and ceftazidime by method of multiplying serial concentrations, The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration for cefotaxime values ranging between 32 - 1024 µg/ml, as for the MIC ceftazidime his values ranging between 16 - 1024 µg/ml. Conducted process extract bacterial DNA for isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii, then held polymerize chain reaction PCR for isolates resistant to antibiotics ? - lactam and MIC values more than 64 µg/ml through the use of specialized primers that target specific sequence of genes blaCTX - m and blaSHV, relay outputs of the multiplication agarose gel concentration of 1%, the results showed that 5 isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii out of 10 isolates possessed gene blaCTX - m and by 50%, as for blaSHV gene the results showed that three of the isolates under study only has this gene and by 30%.

دراسة بعض المؤشرات المناعية لدى بعض المرضى المصابين بداء السكري النوع الثاني في محافظة ديالى == A Study Some Immunological Parameters In Some Patients of Diabetes Mellitus Type Two In Diyala Province

Author name: ريم قاسم محمد الحديدي
Supervisor name: محمد عبد الدايم صالح
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: Type II diabetes mellitus is achronic diseas characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion and insulin action or both and tissue resistante to insuline. This study was conducted in the Diyala province for the Type II diabetes patients which lasted for the period from beginning October 4102 to the end of May 4102 which aimed to evaluate some immunological indicators for patients infected with diabetes type two which included { assessment of the humoral immune by measuring the level of immunoglobulin (IgM, IgG) and the level of complement protein (C3, C2) by using the single radial immune diffusion assay and measuring the C - reactive protein (CRP) and determine the levels of Interlukin (IL - 01, IL - 01) by ELISA}. Atotal of (011) ablood sample was collected from patients with diabetes type two after diagnosis by a physician specialist in the clinic consulting in Baquba teaching hospital according to the criteria adopted by the World Health Organization for the diagnosis of diabetes type two, has been the number of males (24) percentage (20.11)% and the number of femals (22) percentage (21.02)% within the range of my age (32 - 11) years and collected (11) of blood sample from healthy volunteers ostensibly have been accredited as a group control, has been the number of males (32) percentage (21.33)% and the number of females is (42) percentage (20.14)% within the range of my age (31 - 44) years.Results of the study showed that the incidence of the disease rate a mong females (21.02)% than males (20.11)% with no significant difference statistically between the two groups of study for the sex, has found that age group (24 - 11, 11<) years recorded a high rate of disease (33.14)% and(32.12)% respectively while the age group (31 - 21) years percentage (1.11)% recorded lowest rate of disease whith high significant difference was noticed between the two groups.Furthermore results of the study showed low levels of immunoglobulin (IgM, IgG) in patients compared to the control group where found that the level IgM in patients (043.20124.22) mg/dl compared to the control group (434.24121.24) mg/dl and that the level of IgG in patients (0124.2110123.21) mg/dl compared to the control group (0103.32 ± 0442.14) mg/dl the results also showed low levels of complement proteins C3, C2 in patients compared to the control group it was found that the level of C3 in patients (01.00 ±31.14) mg/dl compared to the control group (030.02 ± 01.24) mg/dl and the level of C2 in patients (02.31 ± 4.11) mg/dl compared to the control group (20.231 4.13) mg/dl, and the results showed that the positivity of C - reactive protein in patients was (41.24)% compared to the control group was (1)% The results of the current study showed high level of IL - 01 in patients (410.24 ± 011.40) pg/ml compared to the control group (14.11132.43) pg/ml and the level of IL - 01 the results showed alow level of the IL - 01 in patients (13.13 ± 20.01) pg/ml compared to the control group (43.04 ± 40.03) pg/ml, inaddition to the study result showed agreat significant correlation between complement proteins (C3, C2) and the humoral immune (immunoglobulin IgM, IgG) as well as acorrelation between cellular immunity (IL - 01)and (IgM, C3).

دراسة بعض المؤشرات المناعية لدى بعض المرضى المصابين بفيروس المليساء المعدية في محافظة ديالى == A Study of Some Immunological Parameters In Some Patients With Molluscum Contagiosum In Diyala Province

Author name: رغد ياسين اعويد
Supervisor name: عباس عبود فرحان الدليمي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Diyala
First pages:
Abstract: المليساء المعدية مرض يسببه فيروس (MCV) الذي ينتمي لعائلة POXVIRUS.المليساء المعدية حيث انه مرض غير قاتل وشائع في جميع انحاء العالم, قد يشترك مع اورام المليساء التهابات قليله, المليساء المعدية يستمر لشهور او سنوات..اجريت الدراسة الحالية للفترة من 1 تشرين ا | The molluscum contagiosum (MC) virus (MCV) is a dermatotropic poxvirus, and the causative agent of MC. MC is nonlethal, common andworldwide. Additionally, little inflammation is associated with MCpapules, and MC can persist for months to years. The present study was conducted for the period from1 November 2013 to 30April, of 2014 in outpatient clinic of Baquba Teaching Hospital in city. The study aimsat assessing the immune status of patients infected with molluscumcontagiosum through the measurement ofthelevel of immunoglobulin(IgG, IgM)and the level of complementcomponents especially (C3, C4) by radial immune diffusion assay and measurement of the level of interleukin 18 R1 by Elisa assay which immune responses are key for the eventual resolution of MC. 75 patients were diagnosed with clinical lesions of MCV on different areas of the body, age of patients ranged from(2 - 50 years) including 40(53.3%) males and 35(46.7%) females.The control were 26.6±15.4 years (range from 2 - 50 years), 8 (53.3%) of them were males and 7(46.7%) females.After theexamination by single radial immune diffusion and Elisa kit.The results showed the patientswere equal or less than 16 years, 24 (32%) from 17 - 30 years, 19 (25.3%) from 31 - 45 years and 12 (16%) above 45 years and 40(53.3%) males and 35(46.7%) females, no static significant difference showed between the MCV infection and either the sex or age.The results revealed the level of IL 18R1in patient the mean±SD were 677.15±874.22 ng/ml while in control were 178.46±31.79 ng/ml. There was significant statistical difference between both groups as patients with MC had high level of IL18R1 than control.Themean±SD of IgMinpatients were 1946.6±825.6 mg/dlwhile in control were 140.1±68.7mg/dl This result was highly significant which indicates that patients with MC had higher level of IgM than control In contrast, patients had lower levels of IgG than control, The mean±SD of IgG in patientwere 221.9±96.7mg/dl while in control were 1229.9±299.7mg/dl. This result was highly significant. Also the patients had lower level of C3 and C4 than control. The mean±SD of C3 in patients were 109.6±64.8mg/dl while in control were 120.8±22.1mg/dl. The mean±SD of C4 in patients were 27.8±12.7mg/dl while in control were 38.7±9.8mg/dl. These results were statistically significant. Eleven 9 (14.7%) of patients had positive CRP while 12 (80%) of control had positive CRP which was statistically highly significant. Forty seven (62.7%) patients were from rural area while 28 (37.7%) from urban. There is no statistical difference between both groups as. Family history of MC and Recurrence of MC in patients were nostatically significant difference to infection by MCV.

عزل وتشخيص البكتريا المختزلة للكبريت في حالات تسوس الاسنان == Isolation and Identification Sulfate Reducing Bacteria in cases Dental caries

Author name: لقاء محمد خضير
Supervisor name: عدنان نعمة عبد الرضا العزاوي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:

دراسة العوامل الفيزياوية والكيمياوية على التلوث المايكروبي لمياه الشرب في مدينة بعقوبة وضواحيها == Study Of the Microbial and Physico-Chemical Characteristic of Dinking Water in Baquba Town

Author name: فرح علي حميد العبيدي
Supervisor name: عدنان نعمة عبد الرضا العزاوي | عباس عبود فرحان الدليمي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Diyala
First pages:
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