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الطلاقة المفاهيمية في ترجمة التعابير اللغوية الثابتة : منظور تجريبي == The Conceptual Fluency in the Translation of Prefabricated Expressions : Empirical Perspective

Author name: لبنى مؤيد كاظم
Supervisor name: فالح صدام الامارة | محمد عبد الزهرة الحسين
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

كشف التاسيم في النسخة المترجمة من رواية انعام كاججي (الحفيدة الامريكية) من منظور نظرية سكوبوس == Exploring Nominalization Expressions in the Translated Version of Kachachi’s /al-Hafidah alamrikiyyah/ (The American Granddaughter): Skopos Theory Perspective

Author name: غيث ثائر عبد الحاكم
Supervisor name: جواد كاظم جابر | فاطمة حسين عزيز
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

اثر اتجاه اللغة على جودة مراجعة الترجمة == The Impact of Language Directionality on the Quality of Translation Revision

Author name: غصون جواد ملبس
Supervisor name: فالح صدام الامارة
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

استكشاف دور الترجمة في تشويه صورة المدينة : العلامات ثنائية اللغة في البصرة بوصفها دراسة حالة == Investigating the Role of Mistranslation in Deforming the Image of the City: Bilingual Public Signs in Basrah as a Case Study

Author name: عبد الله نجم عبد الله
Supervisor name: جاسم خليفة سلطان
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

التحولات النصية في الترجمة الذاتية لرواية رجاء الصانع بنات الرياض == Textual Shifts in Self-Translation of Rajaa Alsanea’s Novel Girls of Riyadh

Author name: رفقة حسن موسى
Supervisor name: زينب سامي حول
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

الترجمة كنظام ذاتي معقد مشترك : تضمين المعتقدات والرغبات والنوايا في نظرية الترجمة == Translation as a Complex Intersubjective System: Integrating Belief-Desire-Intention Model into Translation Theory

Author name: تبارك رعد محمود
Supervisor name: علي مظلوم حسين | محمد الحسين
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

دراسة نصوص الترجمة : مقالة فريدريك شلايرماخر حول الطرق المختلفة في الترجمة انموذجا == Studying Translation Texts : Friedrich Schleiermacher’s Essay ‘On the Different Methods of Translating’ as a Case Study

Author name: محمد حمود لعيبي
Supervisor name: كاظم خلف العلي
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

تحرير الترجمة الالية بوصفه اداة ابداعية في تحسين جودة الترجمة لدى طلبة قسم الترجمة == Post - Editing as a Creative Tool in Improving the Quality of the Product of Translation Students

Author name: ميس فريق شاكر
Supervisor name: كاظم خلف العلي
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

دراسة استجابة القارئ لترجمات مختلفة لسورة التكوير الى الانكليزية == A Reader Response Study of Different Translations of Surat At - Taqwir into English

Author name: هيثم مهدي معتوق
Supervisor name: كاظم خلف العلي
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

دراسة الجوانب الابداعية في استراتيجيات الترجمة والكتابة لدى طلبة الترجمة بصفتها مكونا في اهلية الترجمة == A Study of Creativity in the Translation and Writing Strategies of EFL Student - Translators as a Component of Translation Competence

Author name: احمد عبد الاله جاسم
Supervisor name: فالح صدام الامارة
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

تقويم مخرجات الترجمة الشفوية لطلبة اقسام الترجمة العراقية == Assessing Interpreting Outputs of Students in Iraqi Departments of Translation

Author name: زكريا ياسين موسى
Supervisor name: جاسم خليفة سلطان
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

ترجمة الكارتون السياسي : المراجعة الجمعية في ضوء نظرية الالعاب == Translating Political Cartoons : Revision through Crowdsourcing in Light of Game Theory

Author name: زينب عبد الكريم السوداني
Supervisor name: صالح صدام الامارة
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

الاستيعاب القرائي والترجمة الاستراتيجيات الادراكية المعتمدة في عملية الترجمة == Reading Comprehension and Translation: the Cognitive Strategies Employed in the Translation Process

Author name: ندى ضياء لازم
Supervisor name: فالح صدام الامارة
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:

تقييم ثلاث ترجمات لرواية ناثانيال هوثورن الموسومة الحرف القرمزي الى اللغة العربية مقاربة تداولية == Evaluating Three Translations of Nathaniel Hawthorne’s Novel The Scarlet Letter into Arabic : A Pragmatic Approach

Author name: منتهى علي عبد
Supervisor name: هاشم كاطع لازم
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Translation can be studied with relation to pragmatics since they are both concerned with meaning. On the one hand, pragmatics seeks to identify and disambiguate the implicit meanings in a certain discourse. On the other, the process of translation also requires explicating what is implicit in order to produce a correct and accurate translation. Moreover, pragmatics makes it easy to differentiate between meaning and use. The purpose of this study is to show the usefulness of pragmatics in translation studies and how translators can use the different aspects of pragmatics as tools which assist to analyze a certain discourse appropriately by comparing the ST and TTs and evaluating them. This study sheds light on speech acts, cooperative principle, implicature, politeness,presupposition and deixis only which are considered to be the main aspects of pragmatics which are almost used in our daily conversations whether written or spoken. Models adopted in this study are Mona baker's (1992, 2011) pragmatic equivalence for analyzing STs and TTs in order to compare them and find appropriate solutions for the translators and Newmark's five - part model of evaluation (1988) to evaluate the TTs. Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel The Scarlet Letter and three of its translations are adopted in order to be analyzed and compared to illustrate how translators deal with the various aspects of pragmatics during the process of translation. The main aims of this study are to detect how pragmatic analysis can be of use to address the pitfalls and weaknesses in the translations and why such pitfalls and weaknesses are caused and to evaluate the translation of the selected sample from a pragmatic perspective. The study concludes that some translators face problems in translating pragmatic aspects because of their lack of pragmatic knowledge. Some other translators make it easy to capture the meaning of these aspects by providing correct pragmatic equivalences in their translation. Thus, it is recommended for the translators to have enough knowledge about this field of study.

الثنائيات المتضادة في نص غاياتري جاكرافورتي سبيفاك "هل يستطيع المهمش ان يتكلم ترجمة، وتعريف / وتعقيب == POSTCOLONIAL BINARY OPPOSITIONS IN GAYATRI CHAKRAVORTY SPIVAK’S “CAN THE SUBALTERN SPEAK” : TRANSLATION, ANNOTATION/COMMENTARY

Author name: تمارا حسين العطية
Supervisor name: هناء البياتي
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: "ما بعد الاستعمارية" مصطلح اطلق على مجموعة من دراسات وجدت في العديد من المجالات وتتناول اثر الاستعمار، وعلى راسها الاستعمار الاوروبي، في الثقافات والمجتمعات تحت الاستعمار. انها دراسات معقدة ومتنوعة من البحث اذ يقوم العلماء خلالها بدراسة فترات ما قبل الاستعمارية، والاستعمارية وما بعد الاستعمارية. وانها تدرس ما يسمى بـفترة الاستعمارية الجديدة، وهي فترة الاستعمارية في شكلها الجديد. كما انها ترتبط بمجموعة واسعة من التخصصات والمجالات بشكل مباشر او غير مباشر، كالفلسفة والتحليل النفسي وعلم الاجتماع والادب والثقافة والسياسة والترجمة. يعتبر مصطلح المهمش، الذي يظهر في مقالة سبيفاك " هل يستطيع المهمش ان يتكلم؟" هو الموضوع الاساسي لهذا البحث والذي يرتبط بمفهوم الترجمة والمستعمرات والمراة، فيصنف ضمن الثانوي ( الاضعف) الذي تسيطر عليها القوة المتفوقة. يقدم العمل في البداية فصلا عن اساسيات الاطروحة. ويقدم بعدها الخلفية النظرية التي يناقش خلالها نظريات ترجمة ذو علاقة وتعاريف الترجمة النعقيبية/ التعريفية. تقدم استراتيجية الثنائيات المتضادة بعد ذلك، والتي هي عبارة عن قائمة تعاريف مصطلح ما بعد الاستعمارية والمفاهيم التي لها علاقة بالمصطلح العام في ما بعد الاستعمارية. وهي كما يلي : ما بعد الاستعمارية Xما بعد الاستعمارية الجديدة، الامبريالية Xالامبريالية الجديدة، الراسمالية Xالاشتراكية، البنيوية (الدال والمدلول) X ما بعد البنيوية، التفكيكية (الكلام والكتابة)، الاستغراب Xالاستشراق، السلالة النقية X التهجين، البابويةX النسوية، الترجمة (اللغة المصدر X اللغة الهدف) . تناقش بعد ذلك الصعوبات التي واجهها المترجم خلال ترجمة مقال سبيفاك نتيجة لاختلاف نظم الفهم الفلسفي بين اللغتين العربية والانكليزية. حيث يتناول هذا الفصل اشكالية المصطلحات المتكررة في مقالة سبيفاك وتراجمها ، امثال : الذاتية Xالموضوعية، الهيمنة X التهميش، الوكالة، التمثيل. تقدم بعد ذلك السيرة الذاتية لغاياتري سبيفاك. ويختتم العمل بالتحدث عن نتائج البحث التي تركز على حقيقة ان هنالك حاجة لترجمة الاعمال الاساسية في نظرية ما بعد الاستعمارية في سبيل تعزيز الصوت لدى الباحث العربي. وهذا الامر مذكور ايضا مع مجموعة من التوصيات التي تطلق نداءا الى المختصين من العرب بالاهتمام بهذا الحقل المعرفي الكبير، حقل دراسات ما بعد الاستعمارية وعلاقته بدراسات الترجمة. يتبع العمل بملحق يحتوي على الترجمة العربية لنص سبيفاك مع النص الاصلي. | Postcolonialism is the set of studies found in several areas that study the effects of Colonialism, mainly the European Colonialism, on the cultures and societies of the colonies. It is also connected, directly or indirectly, to a wide range of disciplines and areas, like philosophy, psychoanalysis, sociology, literature, culture, politics and translation. The term “Subaltern” is the key word in the title of Spivak's work, as a concept to which translations, colonies, women are all linked and classified in the secondary sense (the inferior) controlled by a superior power, is the core of this study. The work gives at the beginning a preliminary chapter on the basics of the thesis. Then, the theoretical background, in which related translation theories are discussed, and definitions of the terms translation annotation and translation commentary are defined and compared. The postcolonial binary oppositions in Spivak's "Can the Subaltern Speak?" are discussed afterward. The discussion presents a list of definitions of the umbrella term of postcolonialism and other ambivalent key terms and concepts, like colonialism Vs neocolonialism, imperialism Vs neoimperialism, capitalism Vs socialism, structuralism (signifier Vs signified) Vs post - structuralism, deconstruction (speech Vs writing), occidentalism Vs orientalism, pure preed Vs hybridity, patriarchy Vs feminism, and translation (SL Vs TL). The process of translation Spivak’s text has encountered many difficulties due to the differences in the philosophical comprehensive meanings between Arabic and English. The main problematic and frequent terms in the Arabic translation like, subjectivity Vs objectivity, hegemony Vs subalternity, agency and representation are presented and studied. The work also gives a simple biography of Spivak and a summary of the main aspects of her essay. A final conclusion is made to confirm the necessity of having an Arabic translation for one of the founding texts of postcolonialism to enhance the postcolonial voice in the Arabic academic circle. That is added also within a recommendations list which calls the Arab specialists for paying special attention to these two wide fields of knowledge : postcolonial studies and translation studies. The work is followed by an appendix with the Arabic translation of Spivak's work and the original text

دراسة وتحليل النهج الداخلي والخارجي لترجمة كتاب بصرياثا لمحمد خضير == AN ANALYSIS OF THE INSIDER - OUTSIDER APPROACH TO THE TRANSLATION OF MOHAMMED KHUDAYYIR’S BASRAYATHA’

Author name: نادية عودة سلطان
Supervisor name: علي مظلوم حسين
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: تحاول هذه الدراسة ان تبين اهمية ان يكون المترجم مطلعا على الثقافة / اللغة في ترجمة المصطلحات والتعابير لثقافة معينة.الغرض من ذلك هو معرفة اهمية دور المترجمين في اخفاء بعض العناصر الثقافية وجعلها مقبولة وواضحة اكثر لقراء اللغة المستهدفة (TT).اذ المعاني المتعددة للثقافة والعولمة كلاهما مرتبطان مع بعضهما البعض اذ ان الحديث عن الثقافة يمضي بنا الى ان نبدا بالتحدث عن تاثير العولمة عليها. تحاول هذه الدراسة معرفة اذا كانت ترجمة بصرياثا لمحمد خضير قد نجحت في نقل وجهة النظر الداخليـــة الى النص المستهدف.يتبع التحليل النظرية اللغوية لكنث بايــكKenneth L.Pike) )التي تميزبين الوصف التمييزي واللاتمييزي بين اللغات(emic and etic).الوصف اللاتمييزي هوالوصف الذي يستعمل لاصناف محددة مسبقا ووجد انها مستخدمة في تفسير اللغات الاخرى , اما الوصف التمييزي emic من الناحية الاخرى فيستغل اصنافا معدة كاستجابة لحاجات اللغة تحت الدراسة والتي يمكن ان يوفرها شخص ضالع في اللغة وقد تبنى اصناف الوصف التمييزي على المصطلحات المالوفة. تعتزم الدراسة توضيح الفوائدالكبيرةعند اعتماد هذا النهج الداخلي لتحديد المعنى المقصود بشرط ان يتحقق ذالك على يد شخص على دراية باللغة. يبحث الفصل الثاني في اهمية الترجمة الثقافية والكيفية التي يمكن ان يتم نقلها الى الثقافة الناطقة باللغة الانجليزية. هل نجحت العولمة في نقل الثقافة / العربية الاسلامية الى الغير بنجاح؟ يتناول الفصل الثالث عن تاريخ اتباع وجهة النظر التميزي واللاتميزي في الترجمة مع امثلة من ترجمات ادبية مختلفة.بينما يحتوي الفصل الرابع على تحليل وشرح اسباب اختيار المترجم للمنظور الداخلي او الخارجي وهل تمكن في ذلك.و تتم ترجمة الامثلة المختارة الى اقرب وجهة نظر داخلية للنص. واخيرا يتحدث الفصل الخامس عن نتائج البحث والانتهاء من الدراسة التي اثبتت ان اللغة غير كافية في ترجمة وجهة النظر الداخلية للنص.اذ ان المترجم يجب ان يكون اكثر وعيا ودقة في لغة الاخر وثقافته وان يكون على اطلاع واسع في ثقافة الاخر وتاريخه للتوصل الى افضل النتائج في تكافؤ الترجمة.في نهاية البحث ثمة توصيات عن الطرق التي يمكن للمترجم الوصول للترجمة الناجحة عن طريق اتباع المنظور الداخلي في عمله. | The study highlights the importance of being an insider in both languages/cultures while translating culture - specific terms and expressions. The purpose of this study is to see how important the role of the translators is, and how they can play crucial roles in explaining some cultural elements and making them more acceptable and clearer to the TT readers.The massive effect of globalization is considered by some observers as part of the difficulty which lies in their multiple meanings, and both terms are related to each other in some aspects. The present study tries to see if the translation of Mohammad Khudayyir’s Basrayatha succeeded in conveying the insider/emic viewpoint to the target text readers. The investigation follows Kenneth L. Pike’s etic vs. emic linguistic theory, which looks at how humans process language and behavior from the observer’s viewpoint. The study intends to clarify the reasons why there are significant benefits when adopting an insider approach to identifying the intended meaning. Chapter one is an explanation of the preliminaries and the methodology used in the study, while Chapter two looks at the importance of cultural translation and how it is rendered to the readers of the target text (TT) culture. In Chapter three we try to see if globalization managed,through translation, to take the Arab/Islamic culture to the West successfully? An account of the history of the emic vs. etic perspective to translation with examples where the perspective is followed in them from different literary translations .While Chapter four examines examples from Basrayatha where the insider/outsider perspective is used, and why the translator opted for this approach and excluded others. The translation of those examples into the target language (TL) by adopting an insider perspective is in the final part of the chapter. Finally Chapter five, the conclusion of the study, has proved that although the translator is successful in conveying the original meaning of the source text (ST) he failed in understanding the culture and history of the source text. Competence in a language is not enough to reach the best equivalence between the (TT) and (ST) cultures. A translator needs to take into account the history, culture and religion of that culture so that he/she could produce a translation that reflects all those elements. This can be achieved by being an insider in both languages/cultures. Recommendations on how a translator can adopt an insider perspective, and avoid being outsider, in his/her work is on the final part of the chapter

استراتيجية التهذب العليا في تعليقات الفيسبوك في مجموعة (جمهورية الملحدين) وفق منظور ليتش : دراسة حالة == Politeness Super - strategy in Facebook Comments in “Atheist Republic” Group from Leech’s Perspective : A Case Study

Author name: سامر عبد الكريم ناصر
Supervisor name: عادل مالك خنفر
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Applied Linguistics
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: شهدت السنوات السابقة تحولات مجتمعية في التواصل الاجتماعي كان ابرزها موقع الفيسبوك. يستخدم الملحدون شبكات التواصل كالفيسبوك لنشر فكر الالحاد لاكبر شريحة مجتمعية ممكنه وبهذا يستخدمون ستراتيجيات خطاب متعددة لغرض الاقناع. في عام 2014 قدم العالم اللغوي جفري ليتش نظريته النسقية المتكاملة في الاستراتيجية العليا للتهذب التي تتضمن عشرة ثوابت التي هي اللباقة والكرم والاستحسان والتواضع والالزام (بنوعيه الزام المتكلم للمستمع والزام المستمع للمتكلم) والراي (بنوعيه : الموافقة بالراي والتحفظ )والشعور(بنوعيه : شعور التعاطف اخفاء الشعور) اضافة الى خاصيتي التهكم اللغوي والمزاح الهادف. في هذه الرسالة تم استخدام نموذج جيفري ليتش التحليلي الصادر عام 2014 لغرض تحليل البيانات التي هي عبارة عن تعليقات الملحدين,حيث تعرض البيانات على الثوابت لغرض معرفة تمسكها او مخالفتها للثوابت.هذا يعكس اختيارية الملحدين للاستراتيجيات التداولية .اهم النتائج التي توصلت اليها الرسالة هي امكانية تطبيق نموذج ليتش الصادر عام 2014 على تعليقات الفيسبوك بنجاح وان خاصيتي المزاح الهادف والتهكم اللغوي لا يستغلان الثوابت لانهما جزء من الثوابت وفق التحليل واخيرا هنالك خرق تام للثابت الاول المتعلق بالكرم والثابت السادس المتعلق بالالزام تم ضبطهما اثناء التحليل. | The last few years witnessed many social transformations in the social media, especially Facebook. Atheists use Facebook for the promotion of atheism to reach many people online. By doing so, they use different strategies of discourse to convince others. In 2014, Geoffrey Leech introduced his integrated theory of linguistic Super - strategy of politeness that includes ten maxims which are : Tact, Generosity, approbation, Modesty, Obligation(to the other and of the other to the speaker),Opinion(agreement and reticence), and Feeling(sympathy and reticence). In addition to the maxims there are two linguistic properties : Conversational Irony and Banter. Leech's model of 2014 is used to analyze the samples of the group under study that are tested against the maxims so as to see the flouting of the maxims or their observation .That way reflects the atheists' choice of linguistic strategies. The most important conclusions are : the applicability of Leech(2014) to Facebook comments, Banter and Irony do not exploit the maxims because they are treated as maxims, and finally complete violation of the first maxim of Generosity and the sixth maxim of Obligation.

تحولات الترجمة في رواية بنات الرياض لرجاء الصانع من منظور علم اللغة النصي == Translation Shifts in Rajaa Alsanea’s Novel Girls of Riyadh : A Text Linguistic Perspective

Author name: عمار فؤاد مشاري
Supervisor name: رمضان مهلهل سدخان
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: According to the prerequisites of text linguistics, the text must meet seven standards of textuality in order to be a text. These seven standards are cohesion, coherence, intentionality, acceptability, informativity, situationality, and intertextuality. During translation, these standards are expected to undergo certain shifts. Thus, this thesis attempts to study the shifts in situationality, one of the seven standards of textuality suggested by Beaugrande and Dressler (1981), in the English translation of Rajaa Alsaneas novel Girls of Riyadh. The aim is to find out the reasons behind these shifts, their effects on the target text, and how the translators have dealt with them. Views of different scholars about translation shifts are discussed. Concomitantly, the notion of text linguistics, especially the seven standards of textuality, aforementioned above, is touched upon during this study. In the practical part, the Arabic and English versions of Rajaa Alsaneas novel Girls of Riyadh (Banat el Riyadh) are juxtaposed and then analyzed according to the model suggested by Kinga Klaudy (2003) in order to see what kinds of shifts the target text has undergone. Having finished the analysis of the data, many shifts have been discovered, most of them have occurred to make the target text look natural and understandable for target language readers, i.e. shifts that deem necessary for the translators to make

تدريس الترجمة وحال تدريس الترجمة في الجامعات العراقية == Translation Teaching : An Assessment of The Departments of Translation of the Iraqi Universities

Author name: سعدون عبد لله جلبي
Supervisor name: علي مظلوم حسین
General topic: Foreign Languages
Specific topic: English - Translation
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - College Of Literature - Translation Department
Language: English
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: large number of students graduate every year from the departments of translation to start their prospective job with the sufficient knowledge. This knowledge is based on a myopic view of the translators training programs. These programs alert the use of translation as a tool of teaching the foreign language, but at the same time, intended to teach translation synchronously with teaching the foreign language. In the view of teaching translation, many educators and scholars shed light on the practical field of translation to describe and then to draw up a methodological map to be followed in translation programs. Approaches and models of teaching translation based on the perspectives of the literature were examined in this study to pave the way for the eclectic program. Two questionnaires of the teachers and the students of the departments of translation of University of Basra and University of Al - Mustansyriah have used as statistical means for approving the hypothesis of the study, as well as the annual report of the specialized committee of Iraqi translation departments of the concerning universities.The present study consists of seven chapters. Chapter one is an introduction to the basic assumptions of teaching translation in the undergraduate level. It tackles the problem, hypothesis, objectives, value, and procedures of the study. Chapter two tackles the perspectives of teaching translation. It comprises many aspects that shed light on the knowledge use, knowledge creation and knowledge transfer as well as how the knowledge could be constructed in a society. In another point of the second chapter, the light is focused on the translation competence and the way to teach translation to prepare competent translators.Chapter three is concerned with pedagogical issues that tackle the overlapping of the two disciplines of teaching translation and teaching the foreign language. It investigates the methods and approaches of teaching translation that go away from the classical ones.The shortcomings of the linguistic approach have been discussed in teaching translation as well as the importance of the social - constructivist approach has been showed. Chapter four examines the curriculum models of translation programs that are designed according to specific criteria. It shows the relationship between the changeable needs of the markets of translation and the teaching programs. Chapter five focuses on the analysis of the questionnaires and to scale the current program of the departments of translation of the Iraqi universities with the modern approaches and the modern curriculum models. It has two parts : the first one shows the research procedures carried out to investigate the teaching translation discipline, including the research instrument, population and sampling, reliability, and statistical means used in analyzing the results of the study. The second one shows the practical investigations and the analysis of the research instruments. Chapter six offers the eclectic program for the departments of translation of the Iraqi universities. It propounds a substitutional approach The Transtegrated Approach’ to be followed in teaching translation as well as a substitutional curriculum model that are going away from the overlapping of the two disciplines : the teaching translation and the teaching of the foreign language. The findings of this study are shown throughout the analysis of the teachers’ and students’ attitudes in the two questionnaires and throughout the analysis of the current curriculum of the departments of translation of the Iraqi universities. The Iraqi market of translation is investigated to draw up a general view of the future of translation in Iraq. In the last chapter the conclusions have been submitted to stand on the critical issues, as well as the recommendations that emphasize on translation as a science which should be taught separately and far away from the second language learning approaches. Further readings offered some books that consider translation as a part of semiotics, especially at the interpretation process.