Show: 25 50 75 100 Results

Search results: 75 out of 1,000

استخلاص نقطة الغيمة بالازدواج مع طريقة طيفية لاستخلاص وتقدير النيكل (??) والكوبلت (??) والبزموث (?I?) في نماذج مختلفة باستعمال مشتقي ازو مناسبين == Cloud point extraction coupled with spectroscopic method for separation, extraction and determination of Nickel( ?? ) , Cobalt( ?? ) and Bismuth ( I?? ) in different samples by use of suitable Azo - derivatives

Author name: احمد صادق عبد هاشم الحمادي
Supervisor name: شوكت كاظم جواد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Analytical Biochemistry
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Cloud point extraction methodology was used for separation, preconcentration and extraction cations for Bismuth(III) , Nickel(II) , Cobalt(II) as ion association complexes by two new laboratory prepared azo derivatives as complexing agents which are MIBSHA and AADAD as well as these new organic complexing agents studied spectrophotometricaly by UV - Vis spectroscopy and IR specrtrophotometry to confirm their structures and for the separation, preconcentration and extraction of the elements in this study which was performed as follows : 1 - Bismuth(III) Studies : At the beginning an experiment was conducted to determine the wave length of ion association complex of bismuth ion Bi(III) with new laboratory prepared complexing agent MIBSHA by UV - Vis, spectroscopy and the spectrum showed λmax=550nm. Under optimum conditions of extraction Bi(III), the study showed that pHex=9 was more stable for extraction and gave higher efficiency because at this acidic function, there exists the best coordination bounding between Bi(III) and MIBSHA in presence of 40 μg of Bi(III) as optimum concentration giving favorites thermodynamic equilibrium for complex formation and this method of extraction depends on using Non - ionic surfactant 1% Tritonx - 100. And experimental study showed that 0.5ml of this surfactant suitable for forming Cloud point layer (CPL) with higher density and smaller volume to give the best extraction efficiency for Bi(III) with high absorbance and distribution ratio (D). The extraction efficiency also increased with increasing MIBSHA concentration as linear relation because any increasing in MIBSHA concentration is mean increasing in ion pair complex concentration and suitability so increasing in the thermodynamic equilibrium partition to the CPL. And this reflects the sensitivity of new complexing agent MIBSHA in coordination binding and ion pair complex formation in addition to extraction CPE methodology which depends on heating. The experimental study shows that the optimum temperature of heating was (90°C) that gives higher extraction efficiency because it allow to reached the best thermodynamic equilibrium in Cloud point layer formation with good dehydration, as well thermodynamic data was ΔHex=0.145KJ mol - 1, ΔGex= - 73.786KJmol - 1and ΔSex=203.669Jmol - 1K - 1 whereas the low value of enthalpy for Demonstrate extraction to approach another ion of ion pair association complex, also the extraction method is entropic region, and the experimental study about the effect heating time was 20min was the optimum heating time which gives the higher extraction efficiency with high absorbance and distribution ratio D, as this time of heating helps to reach the optimum thermodynamic equilibrium of Cloud point layer formation CPLwith higher dehydration from other hand time of heating indicate the quantity of heat which162is help to dominate on the moving of micelles inside formation cloud point layer CPL with good properties of extraction. Stoichiometric study by using four spectrophotometric methods and the study revealed that the more probable structure of ion pair complex of Bismuth ion Bi(III) extracted was [1 : 1]+ anion [Bi(MIBSHA)]2+;2No3 - experimented study about synergism effect by using Tri butyl phosphate (TBP) and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) show that the extraction efficiency for bismuth ion Bi(III) increased with the presence of TBP or MIBK in aqueous solution by the effect of TBP and MIBK participation in the complex formation of Bi(III) also the experiments showed that there is one molecule of TBP or MIBK enters in the structure of ion pair complex of Bi(III) as [Bi(MIBSHA)(TBP)]2+;2NO3 - ; [Bi(MIBSHA)(MIBK)]2+;2NO3 - and TBP or MIBK enter in the complex instead of water molecule in the hydration shell of Bi(III) and increase hydrophobicity of ion pair complex and increased rate of partitioning to the CPL. As well as this study involved experiments about interferences effects as well as electrolytes effect and these experiments illustrated interferences effect to decline extraction efficiency because these ions form ion pair complex with complexing agent MIBSHA , that means a decrease in complexing agent MIBSHA concentration to form ion pair complex with Bi(III) so that electrolytes affect by increasing extraction efficiency of Bi(III) by effect of increasing Dehydration and destroyed hydration shell of bismuth ion to increase the chances of binding with MIBSHA for more stable ion pair complex. Later, this method was used coupled with suitable spectrophotometric application in the separation and determination of bismuth (III) in different samples.2 - Studies about Nickel (II)For nickel ion Ni(II) extraction from aqueous solution as ion pair complex used new laboratory prepared complexing agent AADAD , the spectrophotometric study for ion pair complex on Ni(II extracted into CPL showed maximum absorbance peak at wave length λmax=585nm and through the experimental study to limit optimum conditions and effective parameters. The study demonstrated that the optimum pHex was (9) which gives the highest extraction efficiency for nickel ion Ni(II by use complexing agent AADAD, whereas at this pHex favorable binding was given to form ion pair complex of nickel ion Ni(II with high concentration and stability as well as the method CPE for extraction Ni(II needed 0.5ml of non - ionic surfactant 1% TritonX - 100 which is affected to reach favorable thermodynamic equilibrium for aggregation of micelles in the state CMC for CPL formation with good163properties for the ion pair complex extraction of Ni(II) as well this extraction efficiency appeared with the presence of 50μg Ni(II) in aqueous solution to reach the best thermodynamic equilibrium for ion pair complex formation. Increasing AADAD concentration showed the existence of linear relation with linear increase in absorbance and distribution ratio and linear increasing in concentration stability and partitioning to CPL ion pair complex of Ni(II whereas CPE methodology depends on the temperature of heating, the experiment showed that 80°C was the optimum temperature that gives the higher extraction efficiency of Ni(II with thermodynamic data ΔHex= 0.1126KJmol - 1 , ΔGex= - 58.19KJmol - 1 and ΔSex=165.16Jmol - 1K - 1 . These values prove that the ions of ion pair complex for Ni(II) extracted into CPL approached one another with a high gegree and the method of extraction was entropic in region. The experimental study about the effect of heating time showed that 15min was the best time of heating that allows to reach a higher extraction efficiency of CPE method. Time of heating indicates the kinetic side of extraction method as heating for 15min at 80°C gave the quantity of heating that hels to reach the favorable thermodynamic equilibrium for CPL formation stoichiometry showing the more probable structure of ion pair complex extracted for Ni(II) which was [Ni(AADAD)]+;No3 - but synergism effect study showed that by using TBP and MIBK showed increasing extraction efficiency of Ni(II) with the presence of TBP or MIBK in aqueous solution because substitution water in coordination shell of Ni(II) in ion pair complex and effect to increase hydrophobicity, stability and partitioning to CPL. Also, the study revealed that adding one molecule of TBP or MIBK in the structure of ion pair complex of Ni(II) such as [Ni(AADAD)(TBP)]+;NO3 - , [Ni(AADAD)(MIBK)]+;NO3 - . So the studies tackled the effect of interferences as cations and electrolytes on extraction efficiency, later on, we used this method in the extraction and spectrophotometric determination of Nickel (II) in different samples.3 - Studies about Cobalt (II)The experimental studies concerning the separation, preconcentration and extraction of cobalt(II) as ion association complex by using the same complexing agent used with nickel (II) AADAD according to Cloud point extraction methodology. The UV - Vis spectrophotometric studies about the ion association complex extracted showed that the maximum absorbance of the complex of wave length λmax=530nm. As well as the extraction method according to CPE method showed (pH=8) was the optimum acidic function for extraction giving the highest absorbance and distribution value D because this pHex the best164coordination bonding between cobalt ion Co(II) and complexing agent AADAD so that high partitioning of stable complex to cloud point layer CPL. Moreover, the experiments showed that 0.5ml of Non - ionic surfactant, very stable for giving higher extraction efficiency because this volume of surfactant helps to reach the favorable thermodynamic equilibrium of aggregation of micelles to form CPL with high density and small volume and the micelles in case one approaches the other with the best dehydration to be in high hydrophobicity with good partitioning of complex to CPL. And in this case giving higher extraction efficiency, also, this extraction efficiency obtained when 60μg of cobalt ion Co(II was in the aqueous solution to give the best thermodynamic equilibrium to formation high stability ion pair complex extracted into CPL quantitively effect of temperature study showed that 80°C was the best temperature of extraction according to CPE method because in this temperature the best CPL was formed by aggregation and using dehydration at CMC state happen good extraction as well as thermodynamic data for extraction Co(II) was ΔHex=0.1014KJmol - 1, ΔGex= - 60.658KJmol - 1, ΔSex=171.86Jmol - 1K - 1. These data showed from the small positive value of enthalpy of extraction , the ions of ion pair complex extraction when one approach another to increase stability of this complex as well the large positive value of entropy of extraction demonstrates the dependence of extraction according to CPE and entropy. Then this procedure being entropic in region. Time of heating as the experiment study showed is 15min and was stable to give higher extraction efficiency. Because heating the solution at fixed temperature and time mean the quantity of heating help kinetically to reach thermodynamic and kinetic equilibrium for formation CPL. Then giving higher extraction efficiency. Stoichiometry study revealed that the more probable structure of ion pair complex extracted was [Co(AADAD)]+;NO3 - . Synergism study show presence TBP or MIBK in aqueous solution effect to increase extraction efficiency of Co(II) according to CPE method. Because complexing agent AADAD was not able to saturated the coordination shell of Co(II) ion in complex formation then the empty coordination position and occupy with water molecule and decline extraction efficiency , but TBP or MIBK able to coordinate instead of water in coordination shell and increase extraction efficiency, as well the study showed one molecule of TBP or MIBK able to enter in complex formed such as [Co(AADAD)(TBP)]+;NO3 - or [Co(AADAD)(MIBK)]+;NO3 - . So that the studies involved the effect of interferences as cations and electrolytes on extraction efficiency , later we used this method for the extraction and spectrophotometric determination of cobalt (II) in different samples.

تحضير ودراسة الفعالية الحيوية لبعض مشتقات السلفايد والسلفون == Synthesis , Identification and Biological Activity for (Sulfide ,Sulfone) - Compounds

Author name: رشا نعمة حسين الجعباوي
Supervisor name: نغم محمود جواد الجمالي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Organic Chemistry
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Sulfone and Sulfide are important compounds due to their uses in industrial , artificial and pharmaceutical applications . They are characterized by their effectiveness against skin diseases and fungal what make them used as biologically important substances and preparatory studies have been extended to their derivatives. The research includes two sections : Section I : : contains preparing 19 compound which are (R1 - R19) in six parts : : - Part one : - includes preparing compound (R1) from the interaction of (Thio semicarbazide) with (Diethyl Terephthalate) interacting the resulted (R1) react with (10% Sodium hydroxide ) to prepare the compound (R2), interacting the resulted compound with (chloro ethyl acetate) to prepare the compound (R3) , and finally interacting the resulted compound with acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide to prepare compound (R4). Part two : - includes preparing compound (R5) by interacting compound (Sulfobenzoic anhydride) with (2 - amino - 5 - mercapto - 1,3,4 - thiadiazole) then the resulting interaction (R5) with( chloro ethyl acetate) to prepare the compound (R6) , and interacting the result with (acetic acid) and (hydrogen peroxide) to prepare compound (R7).Part three : - : includes preparing compounds (R8, R9, R10) by interacting (phenylene diamine) with (2 - mercapto acetic acid) to produce (R8) and reactance of this compound with Formaldehyde)) to form a compound (R9) and interacting the last compound (acetic acid) and (hydrogen peroxide) to prepare compound (R10). Part four : - includes interacting (2 - amino - 5 - mercapto - 1,3,4 - thiadiazol) with a compound formaldehyde)) to prepare the compound (R11) , interacting compound R11 and interacting the result with (Sulfobenzoic anhydride to produce compound (R12). Part five : - : includes preparing compounds (R13,R14, R15, R16) by interacting compound (Formaldehyde) with (2 - mercapto benzoic acid) to form (R13) , and interacting this result with ( Thio semicarbazide)) and (sodium hydroxide 10%) for the preparation of R14)), which through its interaction with (chloro ethyl acetate) is the preparation of the compound (R15 The oxidizing the resulted compound by (acetic acid) and (hydrogen peroxide) , gives (R16). Part six : - includes preparing compound (R17) by interacting( 2 - mercapto benzoic acid)) with(3 - chloro propanoyl chloride) and interacting the finally with (Thio semicarbazide) give (R18), which we can obtain011compound (R19) by interacting with (chloro ethyl acetate).All the prepared compounds have been following up the interactions enabled chromatography thin layer (TLC) for each prepared vehicles and characterized by (IR) spectrum NMR proton (1H.NMR), and a nice nuclear magnetic resonance of carbon (13C.NMR) and (C.H.N), and then measure the degree of fusion.Section II : This section includes the study of the biological inhibitory action to some of the prepared compounds on positive bacteria for dye Gram (Staphylococcus aureuse) and another negative bacteria for dye Gram (Escherichia Coli). All the compounds showed effect against both selected bacteria in the study.The Scheme below clarifies

تحضير مركبات الكبريت غير متجانسة الحلقة ودراسة الفعالية الحيوية لبعض منها == Synthesis Sulfur Heterocyclic Compounds and Study Biological Activity for Some its

Author name: انتصار عبيد سلمان الفتلاوي
Supervisor name: نغم محمود جواد الجمالي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Organic Chemistry
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
Key words:
  • الثايازول، الثيادايازول
  • الثايازين
  • الثايادايازين
  • الثايازبين
  • الثيادايازبين
First pages:
Abstract: The compounds of heterocyclic that have the qualities of a great biological and pharmacological importance, where we see through the growing literature in Chemistry published research in this area significantly, so we decided to prepare new derivatives of them.In this study prepared (16) a new deriva????ve of sulfur heterocyclic compounds such as Thiazole, Thiadiazole Thiazine, Thiadiazine, Thiazepine and Thiadiazepine, and three other intermediate compounds to prepare Some of these derivatives, these compounds ((Five, Six and Seven - Membered Heterocycles))The research included two Section of study : The first section : included prepara????on (19) compounds (I1 - I19), by four parts : The first part : included preparation (I1) of benzil interaction with thiosemicarbazide and then the interaction of output with nitrous acid record spontaneously from mixing hydrochloric acid with sodium nitrite, to form a diazonium salt and then reactance this salt with (Acetyl acetone) to prepare azo compound (I2), and Then reactance output with thiourea, thiosemicarbazide, Thioacetamide and cysteine respectively for the preparation of compounds (I3 - I6).The second part : included reactance (diethyl terephthalate) with thiosemicarbazide, cysteine to prepare the compound (I7) and compound (I9), respectively, and then reactance outputs with Sulfobenzoic anhydride, thiosemicarbazide respectively to produce the compound (I8) and compound (I10), respectively. The third part : included reactance (1,3 - diphenylpropane - 1,3 - dione) with thiosemicarbazide to give the compound (I11) and then output reactance with benzaldehyde to give the compound (I12) and then output with reactance Sulfobenzoic anhydride to give the compound (I13). The fourth part : includes reactance (p - amino acetophenon)with nitrous acid record spontaneously from mixing hydrochloric acid with sodium nitrite, to form a salt of diazonium and then reactance this salt with diethyl mal Acetyl acetone to give compound (I14) and compound (I17), respectively, and then reactance thiosemicarbazide, benzaldehyde respectively, to give the compound (I15) and compound (I18), respectively, and then outputs reactance with Sulfobenzoic anhydride, thiourea to give compound (I16) and compound (I19), respectively. All interactions followed up by thin layer chromatography (TLC) for each prepared compounds and diagnosed by spectrum infrared (FT.IR) spectrum, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H.NMR), nuclear magnetic resonance of carbon (13C.NMR) and Elemental Analysis(C.H.N), and then measure the melting point. The second section : This section of the research included the study of the inhibitory action of the some of biological compounds against the gram - positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureuse) and gram - negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and all showed the effectiveness of the compounds against selected bacteria in the study type.

التشخيص الكيميائي والفولتامتري للبولي بيوتيلين سكسنيت الملدن بواسطة ايبوكسي (زيت النخيل)

Author name: حسن رحيم حمود الدحيدحاوي
Supervisor name: عماد عباس جعفر | هناء عداي علي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: في هذه الدراسة ، تم استخدم ايبوكسيي زيت النخيل EPO كملدن للبولي بوتيلين سكسينيت باستخدام الكلوروفورم كمذيب ، تم خلط ستة اوزان من PSPE وقد استخدم جهاز FTIR الطيفي لتحديد المجاميع الفعالة . كما وتم قياس الاستقرارية الحرارية والتحلل البيولوجي ، والخصائص المورفولوجية للخليط بواسطة جهاز التحليل الحراري الوزني TGA ، المجهر الالكتروني الماسح SEM وتقنية FTIR ، حيث اظهرت النتائج بان هناك بعض التاثر بين المركبين بوجود الاواصر الهيدروجينية التي تربط بين نهايات المجاميع الفعالة للبوليمر OH وبين حلقة الايبوكسي . مزيج الـ PSPE اظهر استقرار حراري عالي وتحسن في الخواص البيولوجية مقارنة مع الـ PBS النقي . كما اظهرت النتائج المورفولوجية للخليط ان EPO كان ذو قابلية امتزاجية جيدة مع PBS. تم تعديل قطب الكربون الزجاجي GCE مع طبقه رقيقة من (PSEP ) باستخدام طريقة محلول التبخر لانتاج القطب الجديد المعدل . PSEP/GC تم ايضا دراسة عمليات الاكسدة والاختزال لسداسي سيانيد الحديدات (II) باستخدام الـCyclic Voltammetry . وقد تبين ان ذروة الفصل ΔEpa - c ) ) بين قمم الاكسدة لايون فروسيانيد في محلول مائي هو 120 ملي فولت ، ونسبة التيار لقمم الاكسدة، IPA / IPC، كانت 1.6 لـ PSEP / GCE، مؤشرا انعكاسية وقابلية توصيلية جيدة للقطب المعدل. وبالتالي، فانه يمكن استخدامها لتحليل الجهد الكهروكيميائي . الخواص الفيزيائية للقطب المعدل PSEP / GCE تمثلت بالصلابة الجيدة، التصاق العالي على الاسطح المعدنية للقطب الالكتروليت الجامع ، بالاضافة الى الذوبانية والاستقرارية الجيدة للـPSEP على .GCE ايضا، الحساسية في ظل ظروف الـ cyclic voltammetry تعتمد بشكل كبير على تراكيز مختلفة من فروسيانيد ، الالكتروليت المستخدم ومعدل المسح . وقد لوحظ خلال معدلات مسح مختلفة بان قمم الاكسدة والاختزال للحديد / (III) الحديد (II) تمت بعملية معكوسة. | In this study, epoxidized palm oil (EPO) was utilized as a blended for poly butylene succinate (PBS) using chloroform as a solvent by solution casting process at six weight of PSEP. Fourier - transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to identify the functional groups of PBS and PSEP blends. Thermal stability, biodegradable, and morphological properties of the blends were investigated by thermo gravimetric analyzer (TGA), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) technique. The FTIR spectra indicate that there are some molecular interactions by intra molecular hydrogen bond between PBS and EPO. All sets of PSEP blends show high thermal stability and significant improvement of biodegradable properties compared to pure PBS. Morphological results of PSEP blends show that EPO was good miscible with PBS. Aglassy carbon electrode (GCE) was modified with a poly butylene succinate - epoxidized palm oil (PSEP) film using a solution evaporation method to produce a new modified electrode PSEP/GCE. The redox process of K4[Fe(CN)6] during cyclic voltammetry was studied using the PSEP/GCE. It was found that the peak separation (∆Epa - c) between the redox peaks of ferrous cyanide ion in an aqueous solution is 120 mV and the current ratio of redox peaks, (Ipa/Ipc), is 1.6 for the PSEP /GCE, indicating good reversibility with good conductivity of the modified electrode. Hence, it can be used for voltammetric analysis. The physical properties of the modified electrode PSEP/GCE include good hardness, high adhesion to the metal surfaces of electrode collectors, solubility and good stability of the PSEP on GCE. Also, the sensitivity under conditions of cyclic voltammetry is significantly dependent on different concentrations of ferrous cyanide , the electrolyte used and the scan rate. At different scan rates, oxidation - reduction peaks of Fe(III)/Fe(II) were observed in a reversible process

تحضير وتشخيص ليكاندات قواعد شيف مشتقة من الترفثالديهايد ودراسة معقداتها مع بعض العناصر الفلزية == Synthesis And Identification of Schiff Bases Ligands Derived From Terephthaldehyde And Studying Its Complexes With Some Metal Elements

Author name: علي محمود علي
Supervisor name: محمد حامد سعيد | حسن ثامر غانم
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis studies the synthesis of three new Schiff base ligand (L1 , L2 ,L3 ) derived from terephthaldehyde, the first ligand (L1) is produced by the reaction of terephthaldehyde with ortho - phenlenediamineat ( 1 : 2) molar ratio.The second ligand (L2) is produced by the reaction of terephthaldehyde with ortho - phenlenediamine at ( 2 : 1) molar ratio. The third ligand (L3) is produced by the reaction of terephthaldehyde with 2 - aminobenzothiazol at (1 : 1) molar ratio .These ligands are identified by using FT - IR and Uv - Vis spectroscopies,1H - NMR, massspectrometer and elemental analysis.These ligands are mixed with some metal chloride solutions Co(II), Ni (II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) by using absolute ethenolic solutions at (2 : 1) molar ratio to formtwelve complexes . These complexes are identified byanalytical andspectroscopic techniquessuch as elemental analysis andthe determination of the metalratio within its complex, recording infrared spectra,in addition to Uv - Vis by useing solvent DMSO (1x10 - 4M), the same solvent is used with molar conductance measurements for solutions of compounds at(1 x 10 - 3M)at room temperature, in addition to measuring the magnetic sensitivity of the complexes in solid state .This study has concluded that by using all the above techniques and experiments ,all these ligands' have acted as bidentate to form pentagonal and tetragonal metal cycles .Depending on the results of the study,octahedral structures of all the prepared ligands' complexes have been suggested.The following stereochemistriesreflect the complexes which are the subject of the study

تقدير البروتينات الدهنية والاجهاد التاكسدي في مصل المصابين بمرض حب الشباب == Evaluation of Serum Lipid Profile and Malondialdehyde in Patients with Acne

Author name: رنا عبد العالي الرفيعي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Analytical Biochemistry
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The present study was conducted to verify the relevance of lipids and lipoproteins levels and their byproduct of oxidation, malondialdehyde (MDA) in acne patients. The design of the project included one hundred acne patients (47% males and 53% females)and 40 apparently healthy individuals (control group). Total serum cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL - C), triglycerides (TG), low density lipoprotein (LDL - C), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL - C) and MDA levels were measured in acne patients and the control group.The results indicated significant (P≤0.05) elevations for TC, TG, LDL - C, VLDL - C and MDA levels in acne patients with respect to those of the control group. Sex differences were obtained as rises forTC, LDL - C and MDA (P≤0.05) in males when compared with thoseof the females. The linear regression analysis exhibited significantpositive correlation for TC (r = 0.68, P≤0.05) and LDL - C (r = 0.48, P≤0.05) with ages of the control group but not in the acne patients.Smoker acne patients demonstrated significant elevations for TC, TG, VLDL - C, LDL - C and MDA (P≤0.05) in comparison with those of the control group, while nonsmokers acne patients showed significant elevations for TC and LDL - C (P≤0.05) during a comparable evaluation. Married acne patients indicated significant increases for TC, TG, VLDL - C, LDL - C and MDA (P≤0.05) when compared with those of the control group, while non married acne patients illustrated significant elevations for TG, VLDL - C, LDL - C and MDA (P≤0.05). The influence of treatment was studied, the data stated significant elevation for TG and LDL (P≤0.05), in treated acne patients when compared with those of the control group, while untreated acne patients showed significant increases for TC, TG, VLDL - C, LDL - C and MDA (P≤0.05) in comparison with those of the control group.These results suggested that oxidative stress is involved in the pathogenesis of acne. We believed that this study is the first to deal with changes of serum lipid profile and oxidative stress in acne patients.

تحضير عوامل مساعدة من بعض اكاسيد الفلزات وتطبيقاتها في الاكسدة الحرارية والضوئية == Preparationof Catalysts From Several Metals Oxides and their Application in Thermal and PhotoOxidation

Author name: فاطمة علاوي عبد السجاد
Supervisor name: موسى عمران كاظم
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:

دراسة الاطياف الاهتزازية والفعالية البايولوجية لبعض القلويدات == A study of the vibrational spectra and the biological activity of some alkaloids

Author name: ايمان عبد الوهاب عبد الله الكويتي
Supervisor name: عبد الرزاق عبد الجليل العيسى | حسين عبد الكاظم عبد الحسين
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The present study was conducted to extracts several alkaloids and their potency on the contraction of smooth’s Rat intestine .to achieve these aims : (Okra, Potato, Cilca ,Pomegranate, Sweet melon, Water melon, Eggplant , pumpkin , Quince , Oaks, Apple, Broad been ,Cauliflower ,Cinnamon ,spinach) were subjected to extraction by petroleum ether and ethanol.HPLC and Mayer’s test revealed significant amounts of pelletierin from punica granatum,lupanine from spinacia oleracea,sinaxalen from brassica oleracea,jasmonoyl tyrosine alkaloid from vica faba ,solanidine from solanum tuberosum and solanine from solanum melongena,in the enrolled plants.The amounts of these alkaloids were (0.22,0.015,0.043,0.036,0.041,0.031) mg/g Respectively .The interaction of alkaloids (0.1) g/L and the contraction of smooth muscle in rat was examined by IR spectroscopy. with the data exhibited stretching band of (C - N) bond in the rang of (1215 - 1020),as described in the literatures .The wave number of the stretching bands of (C - N)in alkaloids were found to be inversely proportional with the molecular weight of alkaloids .Alkaloids were found to elicit Rat intestinal strain according to the order Pelletierine>Lupanine>Sinaxalen>Jasmonoyltyrosine> Solanidine>Solanine.These results suggest the involvement of (C - N) bonds in alkaloids during the induction of smooth muscle contraction.

فصل واغناء بواسطة الاستخلاص بنقطة الغيمة والتقدير الطيفي لـ (??) Mg و(??) Zn و(??) Hg في نماذج تحليلية == Separation and Preconcentration by Cloud Point Extraction and Spectrophotometric Determination for Mg(??), Zn(??) and Hg(??) in Analytical Samples

Author name: فارس حــميد حــيدر الــحيدري
Supervisor name: شوكت كاظم جواد
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: استخدمت تقنية استخلاص نقطة الغيمةCloud point Extraction (CPE) في فصل واستخلاص واغناء كل من ايون الخارصين(II) والمغنيسيوم(II) والزئبق(II) من المحاليل المائية بالازدواج مع طرق طيفية لمطيافية(UV - Vis spectroscopy) لتقدير هذه العناصر قيد الدراسة وذلك باتباع تقنية تكوين معقد الترابط الايوني او المعقد الكيلتي لايون الخارصين(Zn2+)، مع كاشف عضوي جديد محضر مختبريا هو(AIBSNB)، واما كل من ايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+)، وايون الزئبق(Hg2+) فقد استخلص وفق مبدا التمذوب(solvation) باستخدام(2,4 - dimythyl pentane - 3 - one) للمغنيسيوم(Mg2+)، و(Acetophenone) بالنسبة للزئبق(Hg2+).بينت الدراسة ان ايون الخارصين استخلص على هيئة معقد ترابط ايوني (Ion association complex) او معقد مخلبي(Chelate complex) بالارتباط مع الكاشف (AIBSNB) الجديد والمحضر مختبريا والذي اجريت له دراسة طيفية بمطيافية فوق البنفسجية - المرئية (UV - Vis spectroscopy) ومطيافية تحت الحمراء (IR - spectroscopy) وكذلك التحليل الدقيق للعناصر وقد اثبتت الدراسات الطيفية وتحليل العناصر صحة التركيب المقترح للكاشف العضوي الجديد(AIBSNB) كما ان الدراسة الطيفية للمعقد المستخلص للخارصين(II) مع الكاشف العضوي(AIBSNB) بمطيافية(UV - Vis spectroscopy) اثبتت ان الطول الموجي لاعظم امتصاص للمعقد كان(λmax=380nm)، وقد اوضحت الدراسات لاستخلاص الخارصين(II) ان قيمة الدالة الحامضية المثلى لعملية الترابط وتكوين المعقد المستخلص كانت(pHex=9) عند وجود(50µg) من ايون الخارصين (Zn2+) في 10mL من المحلول المائي. وقد اثبتت التجارب العملية ان استخلاص ايون الخارصين على هيئة معقد ترابط ايوني او مخلبي وفق تقنية استخلاص نقطة الغيمة (CPE)يحتاج الى تسخين عند درجة حرارة(90ºC) ولزمن مقداره(15دقيقة)،فقد اظهرت الدراسة قيم الدوال الثرموديناميكية لاستخلاص الخارصين(II) هي(Sex=+155.9400 J mol - 1K - 1∆)، (Gex= - 56.4830 kJ mol - 1∆)، (Hex= +0.1242 kJ mol - 1∆)، كما تبين ان (0.5mL) من المادة النشطة سطحيا (surfactant) (TritonX - 100 1%) كانت هي الافضل في عملية الاستخلاص حيث تكون طبقة نقطة الغيمة(CPL) ذات الكفاءة العالية للاستخلاص. كما شملت الدراسة تحديد التركيب الاكثر احتمالا للمعقد المستخلص لايون الخارصين، وذلك باتباع اربعة طرق طيفية من اجل ذلك وقد اشارت هذه الطرق الى ان المعقد المستخلص كان له التركيب [Zn(AIBSNB)]+;NO3─ او [Zn(AIBSNB)+(NO3)─] كما ان دراسة توليف المذيب(Synergism) لاستخلاص الخارصين(Zn2+) بينت ان هناك مشاركة لجزيئة واحدة من كل من(TBP) و(MIBK) في تكوين المعقد المستخلص لايون الخارصين(Zn2+) يرافقه زيادة كبيرة في كفاءة الاستخلاص. وقد تضمنت الدراسة توضيح اثر بعض المتداخلات وكذلك الاملاح الالكتروليتية وتاثيرها على كفاءة استخلاص ايون الخارصين(Zn2+)، كما استخدمت طريقة الاستخلاص هذه في اجراء عمليات فصل وتقدير الخارصين في نماذج بيئية وحياتية مختلفة.تمت عملية استخلاص وتقدير ايون المغنيسيوم(II) وايون الزئبق(II) باستخدام طريقة استخلاص نقطة الغيمة (CPE) وباستعمال المادة النشطة سطحيا (surfactant) (1% TritonX - 100) ووفق تقنية التمذوب(solvation)، وباستعمال مركب(2,4 - DMP) (2,4 - dimythyl pentane - 3 - one) ، كعامل استخلاص (Extractant) للمغنيسيوم(II)، وكذلك(Acetophenone) كعامل استخلاص للزئبق(II) وقد اشارت الدراسة الى ان الصنف المستخلص لايون المغنيسيوم(II) كان له اعلى قمة امتصاص عند(λmax=249nm)، اما الصنف المستخلص لايون الزئبق(II) كان له اعلى قمة امتصاص عند(λmax=293 nm). بينت عملية استخلاص كل من ايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+) وايون الزئبق(Hg2+) وفق مبدا التمذوب(Solvation) تحتاج الى استخدام عامل التمليح (Salting out Effect) وقد استخدم(KNO3) كعامل تمليح وقد اعطى اعلى كفاءة استخلاص لايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+) عند(0.5M) اما اعلى كفاءة استخلاص لايون الزئبق(Hg2+) كانت عند تركيز عامل التمليح(KNO3) بمقدار(0.08M) وبوجود(50µg) من كل من ايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+) وايون الزئبق(Hg2+) حيث ان هذا التركيز لايون(Mg2+) و(Hg2+) يعطي افضل توازن ثرموديناميكي لتكون الصنف المستخلص لايون(Mg2+) وكذلك(Hg2+) وفق مبدا التمذوب (Solvation). كما تضمنت الدراسة استخدام انواع مختلفة من عوامل التمليح وبتراكيز مختلفة، حيث تبين ان كفاءة استخلاص المغنيسيوم(Mg2+) والزئبق(Hg2+) وفق مبدا التمذوب (Solvation) يختلف باختلاف نوع عامل التمليح واكثر من تاثره بتركيز عامل التمليح. كما ان تقنية استخلاص نقطة الغيمة(CPE) لفصل الصنف المستخلص لايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+) وايون الزئبق(Hg2+) اوضحت انها تحتاج الى تسخين لدرجة حرارة (90ºC) لايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+)، و(85ºC) لايون الزئبق(Hg2+) وبزمن تسخين مقداره(15دقيقة) لكلا الايونين وعند وجود(0.5mL) من المادة النشطة سطحيا(surfactant) (TritonX - 100 1%) لكلا الايونين ايضا. كما شملت الدراسة استخدام عدد من عوامل الاستخلاص المختلفة وبيان تاثيرها على كفاءة الاستخلاص لايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+) وايون الزئبق(Hg2+) وفق مبدا التمذوب(Solvation)، مركب(Acetophenone) هو الافضل والاكفا في استخلاص ايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+) وايون الزئبق(Hg2+) على حد سواء وقد اشارت طريقة استخلاص نقطة الغيمة (CPE) لفصل واستخلاص واغناء كل من المغنيسيوم (Mg2+) والزئبق (Hg2+) وفق مبدا التمذوب (Solvation) ان قــــــــــيم الـــــــدوال الـــــثرموديناميكية لــــــــــعملية الاســـــــــــتخلاص كانت(Sex= +173.2830 J mol - 1K - 1∆)، (Gex= ─ 63.1314 kJ mol - 1∆) (Hex= +0.2295 kJ mol - 1∆) لايون المغنيسيوم (Mg2+) اما لايون الزئبق (Hg2+) فقد كانت الــــــــــدوال الـــــــــــــــــثرموديناميكية للاستخلاص هي (Sex= +202.6789 J mol - 1 K - 1∆) ، (Gex= ─ 72.4139 kJ mol - 1∆) ، (Hex= + 0.14521 kJ mol - 1∆) وقد طبقت هذه التقنية في استخلاص وتقدير(Mg2+) والزئبق(Hg2+) في نماذج بيئية وحياتية مختلفة. | Absract By used of cloud point extraction method for sepration, extraction and preconcentration for Zn(II), Mg(II) and Hg(II) from aqueous solutions copuled with spectrophotometric UV - Vis methods to determenation . these elements in environmenteal and vital sampels, with using of laboratory prepared new organic reagent (AIBSNB) for extraction Zn2+ as complex but Mg2+ and Hg2+ extracted by CPE method according to solvation technique by (2,4 - dimethyl pentan - 3 - one) (2,4 - DMP) for Mg2+ and (Acetophenone) for Hg2+.The study show extracted Zinc ion Zn2+ as ion association complex or cheleate complex after coordinat biding with organic reagent (AIBSNB), which is new laboratory prepared and the spectroscopic stadies for this new organic reagent demonstrate the true suggestion of it is structure, as well as spectrophotometric study for complex of this organic reagent with Zinc ion Zn2+ extracted to CPL in CPE method show maximum absorbance wave length was λmax=380nm. The study of extraction Zn2+ appear pH=9 was the optimum acidic function for aqueous phase in presence 50μg Zn2+ in 10mL aqueous solution and the experiments for extraction Zn2+ as ion association complex or chelate complex according to CPE method need heating the solution to 90ºCfor 15mintes time of heating. And the thermodynamic data for extraction was (∆Sex=+155.94 J mol - 1K - 1), (∆Gex= - 56.483 kJ mol - 1), (∆Hex=+0.1242 kJ mol - 1), whereas the study show (0.5mL) of surfactant (1% TritonX - 100) was the optimum concentration of non ionic surfactant to formation cloud point layer (CPL) as second aective phase for extracted complex of Zn2+, in addition to the study ivolved determine the more probable structure of complex extracted by used foure spectrophotometric studies which was appeared the complex extracted for Zn2+ was[Zn(AIBSNB)]+;NO3 - or [Zn(AIBSNB) - (NO3 - )], so that synergism study show there is aparticipate for one molecule of TBP or MIBK in the formation of complex Zn2+ extracted with increasing in extraction efficiency for Zn2+ . from the other hard used this method for separation and determination Zn(II) in envirommental and vital samples.But extraction and determination megnesium(II) and mercury(II) by CPE methodology with using of nonionic surfactant 1% TritonX - 100, and according to solvation technique by use of (2,4 - dimethylpentan - 3 - one)(2,4 - DMP) as extractant for Mg(II) so Acetophenoe as extractant for Hg(II).The study was show the extracted species for megnesiumion Mg2+ has maximum absorbance at wave length λmax=249nm and extracted species for mercury ion Hg2+ has maximum absorbance at wave lengthλmax=293nm, as well as extraction Mg2+ and Hg2+ according to this method (solvaton) needed salting out then used KNO3 as salting out and giving higher extraction efficiency at 0.5M KNO3 for extraction Mg2+,but for extraction Hg2+ used 0.08M KNO3 to giving higher extraction efficiency in pressence 50μg Mg2+ and Hg2+ each one alone. As optimum concentration ,whereas this quantity from metal cation help to reached farorable thermodynamic equilibrium for formation extracted spesies for Mg2+and Hg2+according to solvation method. Also this study demonstrate different salting out and different concentration, and show extraction efficincy for Mg2+and Hg2+according to solvation method differ by kind of salting out more than it is concentration, as well extraction the species of Mg2+ and Hg2+ by CPE method reached high efficiency by heating at 90ºC for Mg2+ and at 85ºC for Hg2+ with heating time 15 minutes for both ion in precence (0.5mL) of 1% TritoX - 100 so that study the effect of different extractant on extraction efficiency of Mg2+ and Hg2+according to solvation method.Thermodynamicaly extraction of thes ion by solvation method show thermodynamic data was(∆Sex=+155.94 J mol - 1K - 1), (∆Gex= - 56.483 kJ mol - 1), (∆Hex=+0.1242 kJ mol - 1), for Mg but for Hg2+thermodynamic data was (∆Sex=202.6 J mol - 1K - 1), (∆Gex= - 72.4138 kJ mol - 1), (∆Hex=0.1421 kJ mol - 1), this study involved determination Mg(II) and Hg(II) in different samples according to solvation method by CPE technique.

حماية الفولاذ الكاربوني المستعمل في افران معمل اسمنت الكوفة من التاكل == Protection of Carbon Steel used in Kufa Cement Plant Kilns from Corrosion

Author name: علي كاظم هادي الشماع
Supervisor name: سعد عزيز حسن حسوة
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: يتناول موضوع الرسالة دراسة تاكل الفولاذ الكربوني(ST37 - 2)في محلول حامض الكبريتيك ذوالتركيزين(5x10 - 3M,2.5x10 - 6M)ومحلول هيدروكسيدالصوديوم(3.5x10 - 6 M) في المدى الحراري التجريبي من(303الى333)كلفن وباستعمال جهاز المجهاد الساكن (potentiostat ) وبدا مسح الجهد لمدة 20 دقيقة بعد غمر الانموذج من الفولاذ الكربوني في محلول التاكل بدءامن - 300 ملي فولت ومتابعة التفاعل لحين بلوغ الجهد +300 ملي فولت مقابل قطب الكالوميل المشبع وكان معدل تغير جهد المجهاد الساكن مع الزمن يصل الى30ملي فولت لكل دقيقة واستعمل هذا المعدل لتسجيل كثافة التيار بصورة مستمرة مع تغير الجهد.ولقد تم ايجاد كثافات تيار التاكل, جهود التاكل وكذلك خطوط ميل تافل الكاثودية والانودية من منحنيات الاستقطاب في محاليل التاكل. واظهرت النتائج العملية الى انزياح جهود التاكل الى قيم اكثر سالبيه مع ارتفاع درجة الحرارة, كما وازدادت كثافات تيار التاكل عموما مع ارتفاع درجات الحرارة مشيرة الى زيادة سرعة التاكل مع زيادة درجة الحرارة .الاجزاء المستقيمة لخطوط تافل الكاثودية والانودية انزاحت دوما بصورة متوازية لبعضها البعض.حافظت خطوط تافل على خطيتها وبقي مقدار التغير في ميلها طفيفا في كل الدرجات الحرارية التجريبية وهذا دليل على عدم حصول تغيير في ميكانيكيات التفاعلات الكاثودية والانودية مع تغير درجة الحرارة, وامكن الاستدلال من قيم ميل خطوط تافل على ان تعادل ايونات الهيدروجين على المواقع الكاثودية وذوبان الفلز من المواقع الانودية هي الخطوات السائدة والمقررة لسرع التفاعلات التي حدثت على السطوح البينية لكل من الكاثود/ محلول والانود / المحلول . واستنتجت معلومات الدينمية الحرارية لعملية التاكل من قيم جهود التاكل اذﹾ بينت النتائج عموما امكانية حدوث تفاعلات التاكل ورافق تكوين نتاجات التاكل تغيرات في كل من انثالبي وانتروبي التاكل. كما بينت المعلومات الحركية على حدوث تاثير التعويض في تفاعل التاكل، وكما اشارت قيم كل من الطاقة الحرة والانتروبي لعملية التاكل في الاوساط المختلفة الى ان تفاعل التاكل يكون تلقائيا مصحوبا بزيادة في قيم الانتروبي ضمن الظروف التجريبية .اما قيم دوال الدينمية الحرارية لعملية تثبيط التاكل وباختلاف الصبغات المستعملة في الدراسة فكانت مختلفة اعتمادا على طبيعة المثبط اذ تراوحت قيم كل من انثالبي الامتزاز وانتروبي الامتزاز بين الموجبة والسالبة اما طاقة جبس الحرة لعملية الامتزاز فكانت موجبة لجميع المثبطات.اما بالنسبة لكفاءة التثبيط فكانت كمايلي : ا - صبغة الـ (Murexide) اظهرت اعلى كفاءة تثبيط في الوسط 2.5x10 - 6 M H2SO4 اذ تجاوزت .998%عند استعمال تركيز 5 ppmوضمن المدى الحراري التجريبي333 - 303 K . ب - صبغة الـ (Sudan III) اظهرت اعلى كفاءة تثبيط 99.6% في الوسط 2.5x10 - 6 M H2SO4 عند استعمال تركيز 150 ppm وبدرجة حرارة 313 K . ت - صبغة الـ (Carmine) اظهرت اعلى كفاءة تثبيط 99.4% في الوسط 2.5x10 - 6 M H2SO4 عند استعمال تركيز 25 ppm وبدرجة حرارة 333 K . ث - صبغة الـ (Leishman) اظهرت اعلى كفاءة تثبيط في الوسط 2.5x10 - 6 M H2SO4 عند استعمال تراكيز 50,25,5 ppm وبدرجة حرارة 333 K اذ بلغت 99.5%.وبصورة عامة امكن استنتاج اعلى كفاءة تثبيط للاصباغ الاربعة في محاليل التاكل وضمن المدى الحراري التجريبي وكمايلي : محلول 10 - 3 M H2SO4) x5Murexide ˃ Leishman ˃ Sudan III ˃ Carmine (محلول 10 - 6 M H2SO4) x2.5Leishman ˃ Sudan III ˃ Carmine ˃ Murexide (محلول 10 - 6 M NaOH) x3.5Leishman ˃ Sudan III ˃ Carmine ˃Murexide (تم استعمال مجهر الالكتروني المسحي في دراسة التركيب البلوري لعينة الفولاذ الكربوني (ST37 - 2) بعد تعرضه للتاكل بغياب اية صبغة وعند وجود تركيز 50 ppm من كل صبغة من الصبغات الاربعة قيد الدراسة وبدرجة حرارة40oC وفي محلول حامض الكبريتيك ذو التركيز 2.5x10 - 6M H2SO4 كانموذج للفحص المجهري ، وتبين من الدراسة المجهرية ان التاكل الذي يصيب الفولاذ الكربوني ST37 - 2 هو من النمط الذي يصيب الحبيبات البلورية الاوستنيتية والفريتية التي يشتمل عليها الفولاذ الكربوني، فضلا عن تاكل الفواصل البلورية | The subject of this thesis concerned with the investigation of the polarization behaviour of the carbon steel (ST37 - 2) specimen in (5x10 - 3 M H2SO4 ,2.5x10 - 6 M H2SO4 and 3.5x10 - 6 M NaOH ) solutions over the temperature range(303 - 333 K).The potential scan about 20 minute after the specimen immersion in the solutions beginning at - 300mV and proceed through to +300mV verses a saturated calomel electrode .Four dyes (Carmine , Murexide , Leishman and Sudan III ) dyes were used as corrosion inhibitors at concentrations ranging from (5to150 ppm).The corrosion current densities iCorr , corrosion potentials ECorr ,the cathodic and anodic Tafel slopes have been derived from the polarization curves of the carbon steel specimen in the studied solutions with and without dyes. An attempt was made to estimate on theoretical treatments the thermodynamics functions of corrosion of carbon steel (ST37 - 2). The kinetics of corrosion and inhibition of the carbon steel specimen have also been studied by measuring the corrosion rates in presence and absence of dyes (inhibitors) at several temperatures in the experimental temperature range. In general the results of the corrosion experiments showed a shift of the corrosion potentials towards more negative values with the rise of temperatures.The corrosion current densities generally increased with the rise of temperature reflecting the increasing rate of carbon steel (ST37 - 2) specimen corrosion with increasing temperature .The linear sections of the cathodic Tafel lines shifted almost to each other ,and a similar behaviour was found for the linear sections of the anodic Tafel lines .The Tafel lines maintained their linearity and slope at all experimental temperatures suggesting no alterations in the mechanisms of the cathodic and anodic reactions with the variation of temperature .The values of the Tafel slopes suggested that the proton discharge at the cathode and the metal dissolution at the anode were the prevailing rate determining - steps of the reactions which occurred at the cathode /solution and anode / solution interfaces .The measured corrosion potentials and current densities enabled a thorough investigation of the thermodynamic and kinetic aspects of the carbon steel (ST37 - 2) corrosion in the studied solutions. Thermodynamics of carbon steel (ST37 - 2) specimen corrosion have been deduced from their corrosion potentials and the resulting data showed the generally the feasibility of the corrosion reactions and that the formation of the corrosion products was accompanied by the variation of the enthalpy values between negative and positive values and increase of the entropy values of corrosion with variation of temperature . The kinetic data showed the operation of a compensation effect in the corrosion reaction of carbon steel(ST37 - 2) . Also thermodynamics of the dyes adsorption process (inhibition process) in different temperatures were calculated ,the resulting data shows the values of enthalpy and entropy of adsorption ranged between positive and negative values while the values of Gibbs free energy of the adsorption process were positive for all dyes. As for the inhibition efficiency was found as follows : A. Murexide dye was acted as good inhibitor in 2.5 x10 - 6 M H2SO4 and showed the highest inhibition efficiency reach to 99.8% when using concentration of 5 ppm of dye and within the temperature range 333 - 303 K. B. Sudan III dye showed the highest inhibition reach to 99. 6% in 2.5 x10 - 6 M H2SO4 concentration when 150 ppm of dye used and at temperature of 313 K. C. Carmine dye showed the highest inhibition efficiency reach to 99.4%in2.5x10 - 6MH2SO4when using 25 ppm of dye and at temperature of 333 K. D. Leishman dye showed the highest inhibition efficiency in 2.5 x10 - 6MH2SO4at dye concentrations of 50,25,5 ppm and at temperature of 333 K . In general the tendencies of the four dyes for corrosion efficiency followed the orders : 5x10 - 3 M H2SO4 ) Murexide ˃ Leishman ˃ Sudan III ˃ Carmine ( 2.5x10 - 6 M H2SO4) Leishman ˃ Sudan III ˃ Carmine ˃ Murexide (Leishman ˃ Sudan III ˃ Carmine ˃Murexide ( 3.5x 10 - 6 M NaOH) Electronic scanning microscopy was used to study the Crystal structure of a carbon steel(ST37 - 2)specimen after being subjected to corrosion in the absence of dye and presence in a concentration of 50ppm of each dye and at temperature of 40oC and in a solution of sulfuric acid with a concentration of 2.5 x10 - 6 M H2SO4 as a sample for microscopic examination, the microscopic study found that corrosion of carbon steel (ST37 - 2)is of the style of the Austenitic and ferritic Crystal grains as well as crystal boundary corrosion

محمد شمس الدين 1936 - 2001 : دراسة تاريخية == Mohammed Mahdy Shames Al - Deen 1936 - 2001 An Historical Study

Author name: رنا عبد الرحيم حاتم حسن الشفي
Supervisor name: طاهر يوسف الوائلي
General topic: History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: study deals with the biography of sheikh Mohammed Mahdy Shames AL - Deen the chairman of the supreme Islamic She`i Council in Lebanon.He was born in Al - Najaf Al - Ashraf in 1936 where his father was there to study the religious sciences. ShamesAL - Deen, in his turn, studied in the Hawza in the Holy Najaf , and later he became one of the men of Hawza who had a great intellectual and reformative role in Najaf.The authorized " Marje`a " Sayid Mohsen Al - Hakeem had chose to be his deputy in the Middle Euphrates for the period ( 1961 - 1969 ),so he had the important reformative in the area ,the most famous one was founding the public library in Diwaniyah.Sheikh Shames AL - Deen returned to Lebanon , his homeland, to play a greater educational and political role.He shared so many political thoughts and visions with Sayid Musa Al - Sader who chose him to be his deputy in the supreme Council in 1975. When SayidMusa Al - Sader disappeared ,in ambiguous conditions in Libya 1978, Sheikh ShamesulDean run the Council affairs as a deputy till 1994 when he became the precedent of the Council till 2001 when he died.During this period he played an important nationalrole in the Civil War in Lebanon ( 1975 - 1990) when he tried to appease and quelled people and tried to get Lebanon out of the crises, he also declared the civil resistance against the Israeli existence in South Lebanon , and this was followed by declaring " Jihad "in the middle of the eightieths. Study This study consists of a n introduction , a preface , three chapters and a conclusion.The preface studied the educational relations between Al - Najaf Al Ashraf and the Islamic World ,where Jabel Amel was an example as it is the sheikh Shames AL - Deen homeland.The first chapter is entitled " Mohammed Mahdy Shames ALDeen, his birth, rise and his educational and reformative role in Iraq" , this chapter is divided into three topic : - "his birth, rise and education", "the educational role of Mohammed Mahdy Shames AL - Deen in Iraq " and " the reformative role of Mohammed Mahdy Shames AL - Deen in Iraq ". " The political and intellectual role of Mohammed Mahdy Shames AL - Deen in Lebanon" is the title of the second chapter which also divided into three chapters : - , the first one includes "a sociological study for the Lebanese society", "a study of the Palestinian issue and South Lebanon and their dimension in the thought of Sheikh Shames AL - Deen" and " the role of Mohammed Mahdy Shames AL - Deen inLebanon in (1978 - 1990) The third chapter of this thesis deals with the concept of history in the thought of Mohammed Mahdy ShamesAL - Deen and his recording method , it is also divided into three topics , the first one is devoted for the concept of history in the thought of Mohammed Mahdy Shames ALDeen , a study of his production about the revolution of Imam Hussain ( P.u.H ), while the third is for his works in the Islamic thought ,it includes a set of the books that are written by him in subjects relating "Nahij AL - Balaghah" for Imam Ali.After that we have the conclusion and the bibliography which has different resources , document , Arab books ,translated role ,magazines , newspapers , documentary programs and other resources.
Summary:
References:

الحركات الاسلامية في دول بلاد الشام 1967 - 1990 == Contemporary Islamic Movements In Belad Al - Sham (1967 - 1990)

Author name: علي محسن سرهيد عباس الخفاجي
Supervisor name: عماد هادي عبد علي
General topic: History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The Islamic movements have become a reality can not be sidelined or canceled in Islamic countries, and in the Levant, particularly in the period 1967 - 1990. Islamic movements confirmed to return Libyan assets to the pure Islamic Holy Quran and the Sunn
Summary:
References:

نيفل تشمبرلن ودوره في السياسة البريطانية (1869 - 1940) == Neville Chamberlain And His Role In The British Policy (1869 - 1940)

Author name: اسراء كريم محمد الكلابي
Supervisor name: الهام محمود كاظم الجادر الخفاجي
General topic: History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Neville Chamberlain was the British distinguished figures of the twentieth century. Due to his varied and expanded activities in the field of municipal services, by which he had aimed to develop of Birmingham and raise its status among British cities. Thi
Summary:
References:

الاهميــة السياسية لمنطقة الجزيرة من العراق : دراسة في الجغرافيا السياسية == The Political Importance of The Al - Jazeera Region of Iraq

Author name: شذى حسين عمران
Supervisor name: سعدون شلال ظاهر
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geopolitics
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: تهتم الجغرافية السياسية بدراسة المقومات الطبيعية والبشرية والاقتصادية للدولة وتاثيرها في الدولة من حيث القوة او الضعف. فلتحليل سياسة الدول لابد من معرفة الظروف الجغرافية حتى نتمكن من فهم سياستها الداخلية والخارجية. فالظروف الجغرافية الداخلية المتمثلة بالت | Political geography interested in studying the effect of the natural, human and economic elements on the state in terms of strength or weakness. To analyze the state policy the geographical conditions must be recognized and defined so that we can understa

التغيرات المناخية في العالم واستخدامات الطاقة المتجددة للتقليل من تاثيراتها == Climatic Changes In The World And The Use of Renewable Energy To Limit Its Effects

Author name: زهراء عدنان احمد العطار
Supervisor name: علي صاحب طالب الموسوي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: تعد الطاقة عنصرا اساسيا للتفاعل بين البيئة الطبيعية والمجتمع, فضلا عن كونها رئيسيا لتحقيق التنمية البيئية المستدامة, اذ ترتبط بالطاقة بصورة مباشرة او غير مباشرة عدد من المشاكل البيئية الخطيرة جراء استعمالها في الانتاج والاستهلاك, ومن ابرز مايتعرض له ا

الملائمة المكانية للخدمات المجتمعية في مدينة الديوانية وتوقعاتها المستقبلية == The Spatial Appropriateness of Societal Services In Al - Diwaniya City And Its Future Expectations

Author name: رافد موسى عبد حسون العامري
Supervisor name: فؤاد عبد الله محمد الجبوري
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography of Cities
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: كشفت الدراسة عن واقع التوزيع المكاني للخدمات المجتمعية في مدينة الديوانية، وتحديد ملائمتها المكانية والوظيفية وفقا للمعايير التخطيطية المحلية المعتمدة، وبناء نموذجا (Model) تحليليا مكانيا( spatial Analysis) يحاكي ( ( Simulation مجموعة من الخوارزميات ا | This study attempts to reveal the realistic distribution of the societal services in Al - Diwaniya city, to determine its spatial and functional suitability according to the local planning criteria, and constructing a spatial analysis model that simulates

دور العمليات الجيمورفية في تشكيل المظهر الارضي لقضاء المناذرة وعلاقتها بالنشاط البشري == Impact Djiomorvih Processes on The Formation of Ground Appearance Spend Manathira And Its Relationship To Human Activity

Author name: اسيل سامي مجيد
Supervisor name: عايد جاسم حسين الزاملي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Natural Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: تهدف الدراسة الى الكشف عن العوامل الجغرافية المؤثرة في سير العمليات الجيومورفية ومدى تاثيرها في تشكيل سطح الارض, وتحديد المظاهر الارضية وتصنيفها, ومعرفة العوامل المكونة لها, ومدى تاثير المظاهر الارضية على النشاط البشري. تقع منطقة الدراسة ضمن اقليم السهل | The study aims to reveal the geographic factors affecting the geomorphologic process and the extent of their impact on the formation of the earth 's surface, classify land aspect and their factors as well as the impact of these aspects on the human activi

بنية الخطاب السردي في محاضرات الشيخ احمد الوائلي : سيرة اهل البيت انموذجا == Narrative Oration Structure In Sheikh Ahmed Al - Wa'Ily Lectures Biography Of Ahlul - Bait As Example

Author name: ميري مهدي كاطع
Supervisor name: ايمان مطر مهدي السلطاني
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The research aims to participate in applying the textual critical studies on Al - Wa'ily lectures of the narrative direction to add the scientific aspect to their narrative elements which include the plot, climax, chronicle, characters and places. - The time, when these lectures had been defused, is considered a stage of establishing and rooting the forum oratorical where the audience must obtain the literary or historical benefit as Al - Waily was focusing on referring to the biography of Ahlul - Bait within his lectures due to the great benefits that these biography carries. - Hence this research attempts to study the biography of Ahlul - Bait in the lectures of Al - Waily that go from their oral aspect to the written aspect within a structural study. - This study attempts to reveal the interred heritage - Ahlul - Bait biography - withi a new vision looking for its heritage value and the structural method effect on revealing its aspect. The research mixed the significance with the linguistic direction. The significance study focuses on functions, characters and places, while the linguistic study focuses on the speech level, narrators and narrated for

معاني القبول والرفض في القران الكريم : دراسة في الالفاظ والاساليب == Acceptance And Refusal Of Meanings In The Holy Quran - A Study Of Terms And Styles

Author name: فضيلة عبد العباس حسن الاسدي
Supervisor name: علي كاظم مشري الزيدي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to God, Lord of the worlds, and prayer and peace be upon the prophet Mohammad, lord of creatures, and his most honest household.It is well - known that the Quranic semantics has been cared of by the ancient and modern linguists. All the Arabic sciences have been built upon to achieve accurate knowledge of the Holy Quran.The researcher, in this respect, has to read the Arabic lexicons, then the interpretation books of grammarians and rhetoricians, ending with modern semantic books. He will find himself, after all this effort, facing divine abundant outcome, because all that have been related by the Quranic studies and researches are still glowing, giving life to everybody, and supply existence with light to disperse all kinds of gloominess. The researcher is still puzzled, exclaiming what he could say after what had been said by the scholars and scientists, but he will find but through coexisting with. the Holy Quran that Quran is so noble with everlasting gifts. This is because Quran is the creation of Allah, the unlimited power creator Whose words can penetrate all time and spatial limits. The researcher will find out that the Holy Quran opens new horizons every time, because it is a miraculous book that will never be used up by studies, hut increases in glowing and generosity. The evidence is what has been proved throughout the past centuries that assisted its being a continuous source that will not be used up at all... l ike anendless sea.It is well - known by all that the Quranic terms are so significant, so well - formed in an artful intended way in its proper place.. I f any term is omitted, it is done with intention...and if the place is changed, it is done also with intention.The older studies cared of the Quranic pronunciations and : heir semantics. The most important books dealing with this aspect are " al - Ashbah wa al - Nadha'er" for Muqatil bin Sulaiman and others.Acceptance and refusal are the most important motives that make one express them by words or actions, therefore we can Determine man's attitude of an issue by his words and actions. Acceptance and refusal in the Holy Quran deal with points of acceptance and refusal in pronunciation and structures, so the research included four chapters distributed to two sections : the : 1rst is the pronunciation of.acceptance and refusal in the Holy Quran. The first chapter deals with the acceptance pronunciation, and the second deals with refusal pronunciation, The second section deals with the style of acceptance and refusal and is divided into two parts : the first is acceptance and involves the style of command, style of wishing and hope,, style of praising, style of awakening of a desire. The second chapter deals with styles of refusal involving prohibition, terrifying,.use and exclamation.Research ends with the significant difficulties the research faced. among them : the extended scope of the subject, there are : me utterances whose semantics need whole books to talk about and deal with. For that reason I tried to abbreviate as much as possible without default in the investigation research methods. After research has been accomplished, I do not claim its being perfect....Allah is the only perfect.... man has to seek knowledge, and Allah is the granter.

هبة الشباب لمؤلفه محمد بن عبد الوهاب الهمداني (ت1305هـ) : دراسة وتحقيق == Hebat Al - Shabab For Mohammed Bin Abdul Wahab Al - Hamdani (D : 1305 A.H) Study And Investigation

Author name: قاسم شهيد كاظم صالح
Supervisor name: ناصر عبد الاله دوش | عبد الكاظم محسن الياسري
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Arabic manuscripts are the oldest human heritage that represents the Islamic Arabic civilization, and this great heritage reached us from our ancestors, Islamic Arab culture makers, it is the ammunition of the nation and the document of their cultural Presence, and Mirza Muhammad Bin Abdul Wahab Al - Hamdani (D : 1305 A.H) who provided this heritage writings, including his book (The Hebat Al - Shebab) Concerning syntax and parsing, and that will be the Subject of this study. And the nature of the research required the study to be on two parts, the first one is for study, and the other is for investigation it in cluded, two chapters in each chapter two demands. In the first chapter, the biography of the author Mohammed Al - Hamdani, his name and surname, title, and his birth and his family, morals and culture, elders and his disciples, and his works, and his death were discussed. In the second requirement of the biography I tackled the biography of Sheikh Baha'i briefly, The second chapter of the study is intere sted in the writer's documentation and definition, I tackled documenting the book's title and author and document the history of the authoring rate of the author and the date of authorship and the reason for authoring and what the scientists said about it's scientific value, Then his approach in the book, his style and the syntactic and morphological evidence were addressed also his views were put forward, as he did not tend to a particular doctrine more than the other, but rather he followed the approach of the investigators in authoring and focused on the School of Ibn Al - Hageb and Ibn Malek, and he admired a lot Al - Radhi and Ibn Hisham.In the second requirement, a manuscript is studied through an accurate description, and then revealed my method in investigation and mentioned the most important findings of the research and finally, an Index as well as all models in the manuscript, were stated

اشعار الحكمة في ديوان الحماسة لابي تمام : دراسة موضوعية فنية == Wisdom Poetries In Enthusiasm (Al - Hamassa) Divan For Abi - Tammam ( Asubjective , Technical Study)

Author name: ورود وليد حمود حسين الصراف
Supervisor name: سعيد عدنان المحنة
Specific topic: Literature
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Aperson who observes the research tittle finds that the wisdom subject is acomprehensive because wisdom is an important purpose of Arabic poetry purposes. Aby - tammam suggested to put completed section for the wisdom subject named it wisdom section. We did not use this section alone but We gathered all the divan sections and to find wisdom verses. The wisdom is mixed with other courses as Enthusiasm, elegy, praising and others. So wisdom is independent and also mixed with poetry purposes. Abu - tammam did not choose only the pre Islamic wisdom verses Alon, but he chose Islamic ( ummay ) reign until he reached (Abbasied reign ). this comperehension is an evidence that the poet is Educated and aware of choosing the best of the poetric vesses. We decided to study wisdom poetries Enthusism divon with artificial and subjective study. One who studied the wisdoms subject found that it is ahuman Phenomma comes from asharp sight and accurate thinking. This thinking don’t separate from realistic content. This reality is coming from organizing the relationship between the individual and society. This research cansist of introduction, three chopters and aconclusion. The research has many vesults. The most important ones are : - Wisdom is one of the ancient Arabic poetry purposes, It is aresult of along experiments and asharp sight towords people and their ethics. One who studied the purpose of wisdom, found out that it came from apure natuve motivated by experience. The word wisdom ( AL - Hikma ) does not come in poetry only, but alse in the holy quran and the holy prophet speech which refers to it s elevation, importance and it is wide using among people. The word comes in ninteen quranic verses in twelve sora but in each times it carries adifferent meaning deduced from context. It also comes twenty times in the holy prophet speech. We showed the relationship of wisdom with proverb, since bothe of them are abrief phrase come as aresult of experience or a sight towards things and matters, but they differes in other things of which is that wisdomc comes from a ware mind or reason so its more elevated than proverb. More, Islam rise had the important effect on people lives becaus, it is wisdom and advic guides people to the right way. During Islam begining, wisdom wos not taken from experience only,as in the pre - Islamic period, but it also taken from quran and people interested on the wisdom of the holy quran for its splended meaning. In the Aummayiad era, wisdom was mixed with the other poetic purposes like elegy , praising and AL - Ekhwanyat as in the political and Enthusiasm poetry, wisdom was restricted to the idea of unifying the social relalionships. When we studied the purpose of wisdom in Al - Hamassa divan, we found it as passages said by the poet, for this purpose, in an occasion, So the research studied the most distinguished poets of the divan and the psychology or mentality of each of them and his conditions which reflects on the poet who mentioned it in his wisdom poetry. The subjects of wisdom is poetry goes in two important dimensions and : - the mental or thinking wisdoms and moral wisdom. The first one clerified in life and death , time and its turnings or changings , charity and erils richness and poverity. while the moral wisdoms is represented by patience , ignorance,brother hoods, Frienship, ageness and youth. Each subject of hos its purposes and elevated meanings, which induce the poet psychology when he wrote any of these subjects. The most important of what we reached that all the similarities mentioned in the divan and all the poets of wisdom was connected with the material things that taken from noture and reality on which the poet lived , and all that comes from the real experience and deep Thoughts and feelings. most of the metaphors mentioned in the divan were imagination metaphors. Each poet has apoint of view when he draw his metaphors and connected it with what suit it and all that depended on the education and psychology of each poet. Meters and foots that poets used in Al - Hamassa in all wisdom verses, the most distinguished and more frequent was Al - taweel which half of the divan verses fallowed because it has awide space in which the poet stated his wisdoms throughout the experince he lived. The (AL - Rawy) letters that frequently used or mentioned in the divan poetries were (D) followed by (M) in the rhyme schme.the poets did not use the less frequent letters (h and ta a) or the rare (tha a,dhal,z,shaan,sad,dha a,gheen and w) , because of their difficult field. The meters of the divan verses came in more than one phase or phenomenon like (tasre a and tadweer). The (tadweer) phenomenon in wisdom verses is very clear one in apart of its rhymes, The same with the (Sinad) phenomenon wich considered adefect in the rhyme. These were the most distinguished results the thesis reached

البحث اللغوي في كتب الامالي في القرنين السادس والسابع الهجريين == The Linguistic Research In Al - Amali Books In The Sixth And Seventh Centuries

Author name: ماجدة علي يوسف العنكوشي
Supervisor name: محمد عبد الزهرة غافل الشريفي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The composition of kutub Al - Amali has begun in the middle of the third century of hejira. The term circulated in literary linguistic and syntactic sources to the extent that it is considered as a composition appearance, and has a scientific value since it is placed on the way of complementation and commentary, hence, this gave a chance to author in order to make margin. Because AL - Amali, in the beginning, contained a subject or literary situation, then the authors tend to the language and syntactics. After l have examined a set of references in this field, l have found it is suitable to study it linguistically, bit l had found some difficulties when l searched the signs of the linguistic issues that was deposit in the literary or linguistic context. The researcher have known Aaba AL - Saadat Ibn - AL - ShaJari as an erudite grammarian, and there is no book compiled after wards empty from his name or citations of his opinions. The scholars have known his book( AL - Amali) as asyntactic book even though it is not confined. It is an Encyclopedia of language and literature. AL - Suhaili is like AL - Shajari. He is erudite scientist, we easily find out that through his book( Amali AL - suhaili).The third character in this thesis is Ibn AL - Hajib who is well known in Al - Ayubi era.This research have begun with prelude in which I showed up the concept of AL - Amali and the compilation of it, further more, I compared between the three that I have studied.This research divided in to three chapters : First chapter : it contain Arabic dialect and effective sounds.Third chapter deals with morphologic issues.Then, I sum up the end - result of the research.

دراسة الصوت اللغوي عند الدكتور مهدي المخزومي == Study of The Linguistic Sound For Dr. Mahdi Al - Makhazoomy

Author name: فاطمة محمد علي حسين
Supervisor name: مناف مهدي محمد الموسوي
Specific topic: Language
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: Praise be to Allah and peace and blessings be upon the noblest of prophets and messengers Muhammad and his family divine good.Understanding the language and understand accurately depends on prior knowledge lesson voice because of its great importance to

شعر السيد الحميري : دراسة اسلوبية == The Poetry of Al - Sayed Al - Himeari : A Stylistic Study

Author name: علياء عبد الزهرة مهدي
Supervisor name: عهود حسين جبر
Specific topic: Literature
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: This thesis deals with studying Sayed Al - Himeary's poetry from a stylistic point of view. It highlights the stylistic characteristics that distinguish his poetry. The thesis is divided into an introduction in which the poet's life and his poetic status,

تاثير تمرينات خاصة باسلوب كتم النفس على بعض المتغيرات الفسيولوجية وانجاز لاعبي سيف المبارزة الشباب == The Effect of Special Exercises, by Holding Breath Method, on Some Physiological Variables and the Achievement of Fencing Young Players

Author name: زينب غلاب دخيل الخزاعي
Supervisor name: نزار حسين النفاخ | وفاء تركي الغريري
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Fencing
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

تاثير تمرينات (بنائية - تمهيدية - مركبة) في بعض المتغيرات البايوكينماتيكية لاداء وضع الاستعداد وحركة الطعن بسلاح الشيش == The Effect of Structural, Preliminary and Compound Exercises in some of biomechanical Variables for Achieving Ready Position and Stabbing Movement with Fencing

Author name: رحاب عبد الهادي محسون الابراهيمي
Supervisor name: عقيل يحيى هاشم الاعرجي | قاسم محمد حسن الخاقاني
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Fencing
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

تمرينات خاصة لتطوير القدرات البدنية والحركية وفقا للمسافات المستهدفة وتاثيرها على بعض المتغيرات الكينماتيكية والادراك البصري والانجاز لرماة القرص الناشئين == Special trainings to develop the most abilities according to the exposed ranges and their effects in some biomechanical variables and perception and the achievements of young discus throwers

Author name: رفاه يوسف عبد الزيادي
Supervisor name: عمار مكي علي النجم | حسن صالح مهدي العقابي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Athletics
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

تاثير تمرينات تعليمية مركبة باستخدام ادوات مساعدة في تنمية اهم القدرات البدنية والحركية وتعلم بعض المهارات الهجومية بكرة السلة للطالبات == Effect of Compound Teaching Supporting by Exercises Tools According to the Most Important Physical and Kinetic Abilities in Learning Some of the Basic Basketball Offensive for Female Students

Author name: زينب عبد السادة علي
Supervisor name: محمد ناجي شاكر | محمد ياسر مهدي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Basketball
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

اثر الاسلوب المتباين في تطوير القدرات الحركية وتعلم بعض المهارات الاساسية على بساط الحركات الارضية في الجمناستك الفني للطالبات == The impact of contrasting style in the development of motor skills and learn some basic skills on the table ground movements in the artistic gymnastics for students

Author name: نداء فليح حسن المرشدي
Supervisor name: عقيل يحيى هاشم الاعرجي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Gymnastics
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

سياسة فرنسا تجاه الامبراطورية الرومانية المقدسة في عهد فرانسوا الاول 1515 - 1547 == France's Policy Towards the Holy Romanian Empire During the Reign of Francois I 1547 - 1515

Author name: مريم هادي حسن الياسري
Supervisor name: الهام محمود كاظم الجادر الخفاجي
General topic: History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Summary:
References:

انتفاضة 1991 في العراق : النجف الاشرف انموذجا

Author name: زهراء حسون صاحب
Supervisor name: الهام محمود كاظم الجادر الخفاجي
General topic: History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Summary:
References:

موقف جامعة الدول العربية من الاجتياح العراقي للكويت عام 1990م == The Arab League’s Attitude of the Iraqi Invasion to Kuwait in 1990

Author name: مائدة زابي جفات الحمداني
Supervisor name: الهام محمود كاظم الجادر الخفاجي
General topic: History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Summary:
References:

موقف الولايات المتحدة الامريكية من الاجتياح العراقي للكويت عام 1990م == The U.S.A Attitude towards the Iraqi Overrun of Kuwait 1990

Author name: رسل مهدي حمود الحار
Supervisor name: رزاق كردي حسين العابدي
General topic: History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Summary:
References:

موقف النجف الاشرف من التطورات السياسية الداخلية والعربية (1958 - 1968) == Al - Najaf Al - Ashraf Attitude towards the Interior and Arab Political Development (1958 - 1968)

Author name: ليث عبد علي ناموس الاسدي
Supervisor name: عبد الستار شنين الجنابي
General topic: History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Summary:
References:

الشيخ عبد الهادي الفضلي : دراسة في طروحاته الفكرية

Author name: سناء فليح عجيل الخزاعي
Supervisor name: الهام محمود كاظم الجادر الخفاجي
General topic: History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Summary:
References:

ماري تيودور واثرها في السياسة الانكليزية (1516 - 1558) == Mary Tudor and her effect on the English Policy (1516 - 1558)

Author name: رواء عيدان حسن البديري
Supervisor name: رزاق كردي حسين العابدي
General topic: History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Summary:
References:

مجلة العدل 1965 - 1971م : دراسة تاريخية == Al - A’dil Journal (1965 - 1971)Historical Study

Author name: تغريد جاسم عطية الحسناوي
Supervisor name: طاهر يوسف الوائلي
General topic: History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Summary:
References:

التمثيل الخرائطي لاستعمالات الارض الزراعية في محافظة كربلاء لعام 2011 == The Cartographic Representation of Agricultural Land Uses in Karbala Governorate

Author name: هاني جابر محسن المسعودي
Supervisor name: اياد عاشور حمزة الطائي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Agricultural Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

الخريطة ودورها في تحليل المشكلات السياسية : الحدود المائيه للعراق حالة دراسية == The Role of Maps in proplems the Political Issues and the Maritimeborders Of Iraq as a Study case

Author name: فارس هادي عبيد العبودي
Supervisor name: سعدون شلال ظاهر
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Maps and GIS
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

تحليل جغرافي لامكانات التنمية الزراعية واهميتها في تحقيق التنمية الاقليمية المستدامة في محافظة القادسية == Spatial Analysis of Agricultural Development Potentials and its Importance in Achieving Sustainable Regional Development in Al - Qadisiya Governorate

Author name: حيدر عبود كزار الشمري
Supervisor name: محمد دلف احمد الدليمي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography of Cities
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

الهيمنة الحضرية لمدينة النجف == The Urban Dominotion Al - Najaf city

Author name: رفلة يعرب يوسف الجنابي
Supervisor name: فؤاد عبد الله محمد الجبوري
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography of Cities
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

الخصائص المناخية وظواهر الطقس القاسي في مدينة النجف : دراسة في المناخ المحلي == The climatic features and severe weather phenomena in the najaf city study in local climate

Author name: مهند حطاب شبر
Supervisor name: علي صاحب طالب الموسوي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Climatic geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

الخصائص الجغرافية في منطقة الفرات الاوسط وعلاقتها المكانية بالتخصص الاقليمي == GEOGRAPHICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MIDDLE EUPHRATES REGION AND THEIR TERRITORIAL RELATIONSHIP WITH REGIONAL SPECIALIZATION

Author name: منيرة محمد مكي
Supervisor name: علي صاحب طالب الموسوي | كريم دراغ محمد
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography of Cities
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

كفاءة الموارد المائية المتاحة للاستهلاك الزراعي في محافظة النجف == Efficiency of Water Resources Available for Agricultural Consumption in Al - Najaf Governorate

Author name: هيفاء نوري عيسى العنكوشي
Supervisor name: علي مهدي جواد الدجيلي
General topic: Geography
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

المرتكزات الجغرافية للاستراتيجية الامريكية في العراق == Geographical foundations of American strategy in Iraq

Author name: زيد علي حسين
Supervisor name: سعدون شلال ظاهر
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geopolitics
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

اشكال سطح الارض في منطقة (ام رحل) في محافظة المثنى == the forms of the earth's surface of Aum Rahal in al - Muthnna Governorate

Author name: علي عبد هاشم منخي الجبوري
Supervisor name: محمود عبد الحسن جويهل الجنابي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Natural Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

الاثار المترتبة على العراق من الصراع الجيوبوليتيكي في منطقة الخليج العربي == The Consequences of The Geopolitical Conflict in the Arab Gulf on Iraq

Author name: سلام مجهول شهد الزيادي
Supervisor name: سعدون شلال ظاهر
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geopolitics
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

التحليل المكاني لامكانات التنمية الريفية المتاحة في قضاء المناذرة == The Spatial analysis of the potential of rural development available in the district Manathira

Author name: شفاء ناصر جبير الظالمي
Supervisor name: جواد كاظم الحسناوي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Agricultural Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

الاهمية السياسية لمدينة النجف == The Political Importance of Najaf City

Author name: نور موحان عبد الواحد الخزاعي
Supervisor name: سعدون شلال ظاهر
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geopolitics
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

التحليل المكاني لنمو السكان في محافظة النجف (للمدة 1997 - 2011) وتاثيراته المستقبلية == Spatial Analysis of Growth of Population in Najaf Governorate ( For the Period 1997 - 2011) and its Future Effects

Author name: مريم حسين جبار
Supervisor name: جواد كاظم الحسناوي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Demographics
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

تقويم كفاية وجودة مياه الشرب في مدينة النجف الاشرف == EVALUATION OF DRINKING WATER QUALITY EFFECIENCY IN Al - najaf Al - ashraf CITY

Author name: شيماء عيسى جاسم السلامي
Supervisor name: علي مهدي جواد الدجيلي | عبد الرزاق عبد الجليل العيسى
General topic: Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

تقويم جغرافي لايرادات العراق المائية من نهر الفرات : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية == A Geographic Evaluation of Iraq Water Incomes of Euphrates A study in the Political Geography

Author name: دلال عايد كامل
Supervisor name: سعدون شلال ظاهر
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geopolitics
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

العناصر المناخية والظواهر المرافقة وتاثيرها على واقع ومستقبل النقل الجوي في العراق == The Climatic Elements, the Accompanying Phenomena and Their Effects on the Reality and Future of Aviation in Iraq

Author name: رافد عبد النبي ابراهيم الصائغ
Supervisor name: علي صاحب طالب الموسوي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography of Transportation
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

دراسة بيئية لخصائص مياه الشرب في مدينة كربلاء == AN ECOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE CHARACTERISTICS OF DRINKING WATER IN THE CITY OF KARBALA

Author name: هدى علي شمران الحسناوي
Supervisor name: علي مهدي جواد الدجيلي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Environmental Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

التحليل الجغرافي للتركيب الاقتصادي واتجاهاته في محافظة النجف للمدة 1997 - 2013 باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية == Geographic Analysis for the Economic Structure of Najaf Governorate and its Directions For ( 1997 - 2013 ) Using geographic information systems (GIS

Author name: مهدي ناصر حسين الكناني
Supervisor name: حسين جعاز ناصر الفتلاوي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Economic Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

حوض وادي ابو طلاح في محافظة النجف : دراسة جيومورفية == The Basin of Abu Tallah in Al - Najaf Governorate Geomorphayaa Study

Author name: سناء عبد الهادي عبد الشهيد الفتلاوي
Supervisor name: محمود عبد الحسن جويهل الجنابي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

دراسة كارتوكرافية لتحديث خرائط استعمالات الارض في مدينة السماوة وتنميتها عام 2010 == Study cartography update maps of the land uses in the city of Samawah and development in 2010

Author name: غازي فيصل عطشان الزيادي
Supervisor name: حسن عداي كرم الله
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Maps and GIS
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

حساب كمية الطاقة الكهربائية المتولدة بفعل الاشعاع الشمسي في العراق == Counting The Quantity Of The Electric Energy Generated From The Solar Radiation In Iraq

Author name: الاء رحيم محمد جواد الشمرتي
Supervisor name: علي مهدي جواد الدجيلي | صاحب نعمة عبد الواحد
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography of Energy
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

مضيق هرمز : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية == Strait of Hormuz A Study in Political Geography

Author name: تغريد رامز هاشم العذاري
Supervisor name: سعدون شلال ظاهر
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geopolitics
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

مشكلة التصحر في منطقة الفرات الاوسط واثارها البيئية باستخدام نظم المعلومات الجغرافية (G.I.S) == Desertification Problem in the Middle Euphrates Area and its Environmental Effects by Using Geographical Information Systems

Author name: عتاب يوسف كريم سريع اللهيبي
Supervisor name: علي صاحب طالب الموسوي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

النمو الحضري في مدينة النجف : دراسة في جغرافية المدن == Urban Growth in Najaf City A Study in the Cities Geography

Author name: وسن حمزة يوسف تويج
Supervisor name: فؤاد عبد الله محمد الجبوري
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Demographics
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

الصناعات النسيجية والجلدية في محافظة النجف : دراسة في الجغرافية الصناعية == Textile Industries in Najaf Governorate A Study in the Industrial Geography -

Author name: سناء حامد عباس الابراهيمي
Supervisor name: عبد الزهرة علي الجنابي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Industrial Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

التوزيع الجغرافي للصناعات الملوثة في محافظات اقليم الفرات الاوسط واثارها البيئية == GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF POLLUTING INDUSTRIES IN GVERNORATES OF MIDDLE EUPHRATES REGION AND THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS

Author name: نجلاء هاني عبد معيبر الشمري
Supervisor name: علي صاحب طالب الموسوي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Environmental Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

التحليل المكاني للوفيات المسجلة في محافظة بابل (1996 - 2005) == Spatial Analysis Of Recorded Mortality In Babil Governorate (1996 - 2005)

Author name: ازهار جابر مراد الحسناوي
Supervisor name: عبد علي حسن الخفاف
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Human Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

تقويم الوضع المائي - الاروائي والاستغلال الامثل لمصادر المياه في منطقة الفرات الاوسط == Assessment of watery - Irrigational Position and Ideal Exploitation for Water Sources in Middle Euphrates Area

Author name: علياء حسين سلمان البو راضي
Supervisor name: علي صاحب طالب الموسوي
General topic: Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

تحليل زماني ومكاني لخصائص الامطار الساقطة وسلاسلها الزمنية في العراق للتنبؤ بسنوات الجفاف == Timed and local analyise For the characteristics of failing rains and timed Series in Iraq for foecosting to dryness years

Author name: نهاد خضير كاظم الكناني
Supervisor name: علي صاحب طالب الموسوي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Natural Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

تحليل العلاقات المكانية للخصوبة السكانية في محافظة النجف الاشرف للمدة 1987 - 2007 : دراسة في جغرافية السكان == ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL RELATIONSHIPS OF POPULATION FECUNDITY IN AL - NAJAF GOVERNORATE DURING 1987 - 2007 ((POPULATION GEOGRAPHY STUDY))

Author name: نوال صافي علوان
Supervisor name: حسين جعاز ناصر الفتلاوي
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Demographics
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

الاهمية الجيوستراتيجية لموقع العراق الجغرافي في ضوء المتغيرات الدولية الجديدة : دراسة في الجغرافية السياسية == Geostrategically importance of Iraqi geographical location according to light of new international changes "A Study in Political Geography"

Author name: ظلال جواد كاظم ياسين
Supervisor name: ظلال جواد كاظم ياسين
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geopolitics
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:

تاثير وسائل (تعليمية - وقائية) وفقا للتحليل التشريحي في اهم المتغيرات الحركية والكينماتيكية واداء مهارتي الوقوف على اليدين وقفزة اليدين الامامية على بساط الحركات الارضية في الجمناستك == The Effect of (educational - preventive) Tools According to Anatomical Analysis in the Most Important Kinetic and Kinematic Variables and the Performance of the Handstand and the Forward Hand ump on the Gymnastics Floor Mat

Author name: ابتهال رياض عمران
Supervisor name: محمد جاسم محمد الخالدي | حسن صالح مهدي العقابي
General topic: Sports
Specific topic: Biomechanics
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The importance of this research lies in the manufacture of means of assistance to help the student to obtain the best conditions and intended angles and tracks of the two skills, in addition to achieving a better level.Therefore, it contributes to faster learning and getting optimal performance. The problem of research lies in the difficulty of these skills and in the need for effort and time, in addition to the existing weakness in the kinetic abilities of the learners as well as relying on educational means in a very limited way and lack of safety conditions.The objectives of the research were to identify the effect of the use of (educational - preventive) tools according to the anatomical analysis in the most important kinetic and kinematic variables of performing the handstand and the forward hand jump skills on the Gymnastics floor mat for female students.The researcher used the experimental method, adopting the identical groups technique using two groups, experimental and control groups to suit the nature of the study, while the study society included students of the third stage / Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences / Faculty of Education for Girls / University of Kufa, for the academic year (2016 - 2017), which were (25) students. The study sample was randomly selected and the sample was divided into two groups, an experimental group and a control group, each of (10) students. The groups constituted 80% of the study society. Then they were made equal before beginning with the field applications. The curriculum consisted of (8) educational units, one unit per week. Then, the later test was performed and the results were statistically processed using then statistical package (SPSS).The results were presented in the fourth chapter. There were significant differences between the initial test and later test for the two groups favoring the later test. In addition, there were significant differences between the two tests for the experimental group.Through the results, the researcher reached several conclusions, including : 1) The use of preventive teaching tools as means to achieving better performance of the skills for handstand and forward hand jump skills.2) To confirm some important kinetic variables in the performance of the skills (angles, the height of the body weight center).3) The use of assistive tools helped developing the kinetic abilities and therefore reflected on the improved performance of the skills.4) The means of assistive and preventive tools lessened the effort and time for the teacher and the students to learn the skills of handstand and the forward hand jump, and had a positive impact on the interaction of students during the educational units.

النمو الحضري ومشكلات توفير الخدمات المجتمعية والارتكازية في مدينة الكوفة == Urban Growth and the Problems of Providing the Societal and Infrastructure Servicers in Al - Kufa City

Author name: ثامر عبد كريم الذبحاوي
Supervisor name: فؤاد عبد الله محمد الجبوري
General topic: Geography
Specific topic: Geography
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: This study aims mainly to manifest the problems of providing the societal and basic servicers in Al - Kufa city according to the adopted local planning standards. To achieve this aim the population and constructional growth of Al - Kufa city had been studied, as well as the distribution of societal and infrastructure services on the level of its residential quarters to be evaluated. The descriptive and analytic method is adopted in this study in addition to the field study that includes the institutions responsible for services as well as the mathematic devices, rates of population and the spatial, residential and services gravity center. (GIS) had been used to draw maps and define the residential quarters. The study reveals the retreat of the societal and infrastructure servicers in Al - Kufa in general on the level of its number, efficiency and distribution.The study includes four chapters. The first chapter deals with the theoretical frame of the study. The second chapter studies the population and constructional growth of Al - Kufa. The distribution and evaluation of the societal service (educational - health) and the infrastructures (drinking water, drainage, electricity service and communication services) had been studied in the third chapter according to the local adopted planning standards. While the fourth chapter focuses on estimating the current and futuristic needs of the societal and infrastructure service in the city till 2025.

وثائق ثورة العشرين في كتابات كامل سلمان الجبوري : دراسة تحليلية == Documents of Al - Eshreen Revolution in the Works of Kamel Salman Al - Jibouri AN ANALYTICAL STUDY

Author name: وسن صاحب عيدان الجبوري
Supervisor name: علاء حسين الرهيمي
General topic: History
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: تعد "ثورة العشرين" المنطلقة في الثلاثين من حزيران عام 1920, انعطافة تاريخية مهمة في تاريخ العراق المعاصر, اذ شكلت احداثهواتطوراتهوامن ثم نتائجها, اثر فاعل في تاسيسات الدولة العراقية المعاصرة, وماتغير نمط الادارة البريطانية من مباشرة الى غير مباشرة, وتاليف الحكومة العراقية المؤقتة في 25 تشرين الاول من العام نفسه, وقيام ملكية فيصل الاول 23 اب 1921, وتاطير العلاقة بين البلدين بمعاهدة 1922, مع كل التحفظات عليها الى جانب اجراء انتخابات المجلس التاسيسي واقرار الدستور وقانون الانتخابات, الا جزءا من نتائجها التي امتدت لعقود تاثيراتها السياسية في البلاد.تكونت هذه الرسالة من مقدمة وثلاثة فصول وخاتمة وضعت فيها الباحثة اهم ما توصلت اليه من نتائج, اذ تناولت في الفصل الاول : "الوثائق, اهميتها التاريخية وكتابات كامل سلمان الجبوري في التاريخ بقراءة اولية, مبينة تعريف الوثيقة لغة واصطلاحا واهميتها التاريخية منذ اكتشاف الكتابة وحتى العصر الحديث ومعرجة بقراءة موجزة على التكوين المعرفي والفكري لكامل سلمان الجبوري, ومسلطة الاضواء على نتاجه في حقل المعرفة التاريخية.وقدمت بالفصل الثاني : "الاحتلال البريطاني للعراق في كتابا كامل سلمان الجبوري", الغزو البريطاني للعراق الذي ابتدا في 6 تشرين الثاني 1914 مستكملة تطورات العمليات العسكرية البريطانية حتى دخول بغداد 1917, ثم تطرقت الى موقف الراي العام العراقي من اجراءات الادارة البريطانية في العراق ومؤتمر الصلح في باريس 1919 ولجنة كنج كراين الامريكية. اما الفصل الثالث : والذي حمل عنوان "عوامل ثورة العشرين وتطوراتهوانتائجها في كتابات كامل سلمان الجبوري", متناولا وثائق التحضير والتخطيط للثورة واندلاعهواابرز ميادينهوانهايتهواابرز النتائج التي تمخضت عنها بدراسة وقراءة في نماذج وثائقية. واختتمت الرسالة بجملة من النتائج امكن اجمالها بالنقاط الاتية : 1 - ان "الوثائق" تؤلف ركنا ومصدرا اساسيا لايمكن للباحث المعني بالتاريخ الحديث والمعاصر الغنى عنها. 2 - ان البيئة ومقوماتها العلمية والمعرفية والفكرية لها اثرها الفاعل في البناء المعرفي والفكري للمؤرخ كامل سلمان الجبوري.3 - قدم كامل سلمان الجبوري من خلال ما انجزه من مؤلفات في حقل المعرفة التاريخية عطاءا معرفيا منوعا.4 - اتسم منهج الجبوري في تدوين احداث ثورة العشرين بجمع وعرض الوثائق وتوصيف محتوياتها باسلوب سلس وواضح.5 - ركز مؤرخنا انف الذكر في مؤلفاته او تحقيقاته وباهتمام كبير على الوثائق ادراكا منه لاهميتها في البحث العلمي القويم.6 - لمست الباحثة ان كتاباته الخاصة بثورة العشرين افتقرت بصورة كبيرة للوثائق البريطانية, وان الثقل الوثائقي فيها خص الوثائق العراقية.7 - ان لثورة العشرين اسباب غير مباشرة تعود في جذورها الى ايام الغزو البريطاني للبلاد ومارافقه من رفض وصدام خلال سنوات الحرب العالمية الاولى منها سوء الادارة البريطانية, اما السبب المباشر فكان اعتقال الشيخ شعلان ابو الجون شيخ عشيرة الظوالم. 8 - عالج الجبوري في كتاباته موضوع الثورة اسباب وعوامل ومن ثم تطورات واحداث استمرت قرابة الخمسة اشهر وبالتالي ما تمخضت عنه من نتائج.9 - واخيرا لمست الباحثة حجم الجهود المبذولة لمؤرخنا في كتاباته المتنوعة التي رابت على 68 كتابا ما بين تاليف وتحقيق, وعليه لايسعها امام هذا الجهد الا ان تقترح وبكل تواضع ان يمنح كامل سلمان الجبوري الدكتوراه الفخرية من جامعتنا الغراء جامعة الكوفة. | A - l Eshreen revolution, breaking in the 30th of June in 1920, is regarded as an important historical turning point in the contemporary history of Iraq. Its events, developments and results had a great role in the establishment of the contemporary Iraqi government. The change in the pattern of ruling of the British government from direct to indirect, establishing a temporary government in Iraq in the 25th of October in the same year, the rise of the royalty of the king Faisal the first in 23ed of August in 1921, signing up a treaty between both countries in1922, conducting the elections of the establishing council and admitting the constitution and the elections law was nothing but a small part of the results achieved through the rise of that revolution which affected, for decades the, the politics in Iraq.This research included a preface, three chapters and a conclusion which included the main results which the researcher reached through his work. In the first chapter, the documents and their importance for the history recording and the methodology of Kamel Salman Al - Jibouri giving the definition of the document and its historical importance, is discussed. In the second chapter, the British invasion of Iraqi is tackled and the way Kamel Salman Al - Jibouri introduced it is revealed since the 6th of October in 1914 mentioning the military British operations until the invasion of Iraq in 1917. The Iraqi public opinion of the procedures that the British government followed in Iraq is also discussed.In the third chapter the researcher tackled the factors and developments of the revolution in the writings of Kamel Salman Al - Jibouri. The research is concluded by several results, of which are : 1 - The documents constitute a basic source that is indispensible to the researcher and the historian.2 - The environment and its scientific, intellectual and cognitive elements have an effective role in the cognitive construction for the historian Kamel Salman Al - Jibouri. 3 - The historian Kamel Salman has provided through his works a varied cognitive works.4 - The methodology of Al - Jibouri in recording the history is based on gathering the data and the documents and presenting them in a clear simple way.5 - The Historian concentrated on the documents for its importance in the scientific research.6 - The researcher has noticed that the historian did not depend on the British documents.7 - The indirect reasons of the revolution goes back to the British invasion of Iraq and all what it led to of conflicts during the years of the first world war.8 - The historian, in his works, tackled the reasons, factors and the developments of the revolution which went on for about five months.9 - Finally, the researcher has noticed the efforts of our historian exerted in his works which reached 68 books. For this reason, the researcher finds that this historian deserves to be decorated with an honorable doctorate.

حول طيف الراشح الضبابي في جبر - d == on Fuzzy Filter Spectrum of D - Algebra

Author name: علي خالد حسن
Supervisor name: حبيب كريم عبد الله
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Mathematics
Degree: Master
Language: English
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: الهدف الرئيسي من هذه الرسالة هو دراسة طيف جبر d - (Spectrum of d - algebra) واظهار العلاقة بين الصفات التبولوجية والجبرية وكان سببرائيسيا في تعريف بعض انواع جبرd - ودراسة علاقتهما مع بعضهما وقدمنا في هذه الرسالة مفهومي شبه مثالية d - ، وراشح d - في جبر d | The main purpose of this thesis is to study the spectrum of d - algebra and the relationship between the topological properties and the algebraic properties of the d - algebra X and the Spectrum. We consider strongly connected and separated properties.W

اشتقاق طرائق عددية مركبة من صيغ نيوتن - كوتس لحساب التكاملات الثلاثية المحددة وتحسين النتائج باستخدام طرائق تعجيلية == Derivation Composite Numerical Methods From Newton - Cotes Formulas For Evaluating Bounded Triple Integrals And Improve The Results By Using Acceleration Methods

Author name: عدنان وسيل كاظم شبر
Supervisor name: علي حسن محمد
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Numerical Analysis
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: الهدف الرئيس من هذه الرسالة هو ايجاد قيم التكاملات الثلاثية البعد عدديا، عندما تكون مكاملاتها مستمرة او مستمرة لكن ذات مكاملات معتلة المشتقات الجزئية او معتلة في احدى نهايتي منطقة التكامل. خلال هذه الدراسة اعدت ست قواعد مركبة من صيغ نيوتن - كوتس ( الن | The main aim of this thesis is to find the values of the triple dimension integrals numerically, when its integrands either continuous or continuous with singular partial derivatives or singular in one ends of region of integration, Through this study six

اشتقاق قواعد مركبة لحساب التكاملات الثنائية والثلاثية عدديا باستخدام قاعدة النقطة الوسطى عندما يكون اعتلال المكامل في غير احدى نهايتي منطقة التكامل وتحسين النتائج باستخدام طريقة رومبرك == Derivation of Composite Rules For Finding Double And Triple Integrals Numerically By Using Mid - Point Rule When The Singularity of The Integrand Is Not on one of The Ends of Integration Region And The Results By Using Romberg’s Method

Author name: محمد رزاق سلمان
Supervisor name: علي حسن محمد
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Numerical Analysis
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: الهدف الرئيس من هذه الرسالة هو اشتقاق قواعد لحساب التكاملات الثنائية والثلاثية الابعاد عدديا ذات المكاملات المستمرة لكنها معتلة المشتقات الجزئية والمعتلة في غير احدى نهايتي منطقة التكامل باستخدام قاعدة النقطة الوسطى وايجاد حدود التصحيح (صيغة الخطا ) لها | The main aim of this thesis is to derive rules to evaluate double and triple dimension integrals numerically with continuous integrands but have singularity at its derivatives on points other than at the end of limits of region of integrals by using Mid -

اشتقاق قواعد مركبة لحساب التكاملات الثنائية والثلاثية عدديا باستخدام قاعدة شبه المنحرف عندما يكون الاعتلال في غير احدى نهايتي منطقة التكامل وتحسين النتائج باستخدام طريقة رومبرك == Derivation of Composite Rules For Finding Double And Triple Integrals Numerically By Using Trapezoidal Rule When The Singularity Is Not At The Ends of Region of Integration And Improve The Results By Using Romberg’s Method

Author name: حسن عبد الرحيم جبير الياسري
Supervisor name: علي حسن محمد
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Numerical Analysis
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: الهدف الرئيس من هذه الرسالة هو اشتقاق قواعد لحساب التكاملات الثنائية والثلاثية الابعاد عدديا ذات المكاملات المستمرة لكنها معتلة المشتقات الجزئية والمعتلة في غير احدى نهايتي منطقة التكامل باستعمال قاعدة شبه المنحرف وايجاد حدود التصحيح (صيغة الخطا ) لها، وا | The main aim of this thesis is to evaluate double and triple dimensions integrals numerically with continuous integrands but have singular derivatives on points other than at the end limits of the region of integrals by using Trapezoidal method and to fin
1 ... 8 9 10 11 12 ... 14