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دراسة عامل الاستطارة الذري لبعض الاغلفة الذرية المشبعة == Study of The Atomic Scattering Factor For Some Closed Atomic Shells

Author name: بيداء سامي هادي
Supervisor name: خليل هادي احمد البياتي
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Theoretical and Molecular Physics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls - Physics Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: لدراسة الخواص الفيزيائية للذرات والايونات يجب التعرف على بعض الخواص الذرية المهمة لهذه الدراسة، ومن هذه الخواص الذرية تم حساب : - 1. دالة توزيع الكثافة القطرية لجسيم واحد.2. القيم المتوقعة لجسيم واحد.3. دالة التوزيع البينية f(r12).4. القيمة المتوقع | To study the physical properties of atoms and ions one must recognize some important atomic properties, the following properties were studied : - 1. The one particle density distribution.2. One - particle expectation values.3. Inter - particle distri

دراسة تاثير البلازما غير الحرارية في الخواص التركيبية والبصرية للاغشية اوكسيد الخارصين النانوية (ZnO) الرقيقة المحضرة بطريقة التحلل الكيميائي الحراري == A Study Effect Non - Thermal Plasma of The Structural And Optical Properties of Nano Zinc Oxid (ZnO) Thin Films Prepared By Chemical Spray Pyrolysis

Author name: اسراء محمد كاظم الخفاجي
Supervisor name: رامز احمد الانصاري
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Solid State and Materials Physics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls - Physics Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: حضرت اغشية رقيقة من اوكسيد الخارصين (ZnO) المحضرة من محلول خلات الخارصين [(CH3COO)2Zn.2H2O] بطريقة التحلل الكيميائي الحراري على قواعد زجاجية مسخنة بدرجات حرارة (450, 430, 400)°C, وتم الحصول على اغشية باسماك مختلفة. تم في هذا البحث دراسة اثر تعريض الاغش | The films have been prepared from the Zinc Oxide thin films were prepared from solution of Zinc acetate [(CH3COO)2Zn.2H2O] by chemical spray pyrolysis method deposited on a preheated glass substrate at (450, 430, 400)°C, We have been on films to differen

تاثير الخصائص البصرية والكهربائية لاغشية NiO الرقيقة المحضرة بتقنية البلازما المنتجة بالليزر == Study of Optical And Electrical Properties of Nio Thin Films Prepared By Laser Induce Plasma Technique

Author name: استبرق عبد الكريم عباس
Supervisor name: حامد حافظ مربط | كاظم عبد الواحد عادم
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Physics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls - Physics Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: في هذا البحث تم تحضير اغشية اوكسيد النيكل (NiO) بطريقة الترسيب الليزري النبضي وتمت معالجتها حراريا بدرجة حرارة الغرفة وبدرجات حرارة تلدين مختلفة (473K,673K) وكانت النبضات المستخدمة (500,700,900,1100) نبضة وطاقة ليزريه ثابته (900 mJ) ومسافة بين الاقطاب = 1 | In the present work, the NiO thin films have been deposited by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and treated at RT and different annealing temperature (473K, 673K), used pulses of (500, 700, 900, 1100) shots, constant laser energy) 900 mJ (and distance = 1cm,

حساب دوال توزيع الكثافة الالكترونية المختلفة للاغلفة الذرية غير المتناظرة كرويا == Calculation of Various Electronic Density Distribution Functions For Non - Spherically Symmetric Atomic Shells

Author name: نعيمة جيجان مذكور التميمي
Supervisor name: خليل هادي احمد البياتي | علي عبد اللطيف كريم
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Physics
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls - Physics Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يتــضمن البحث الحالي دراسة نظريـة للخصائص الذرية للانظمة ذات الاغلفة المفتوحة في المستويات المتهيجة 1s2 2p و1s2 3p و1s2 3d لذرة الليثيوم والمستقرة 1s2 2s2 2p و1s2 2s2 2p2 لذرتي البورون والكربون والايونات المشابهة لهما. تمت الدراسة باستخدام تقنية التجزئة ح | The atomic properties of open - shell systems in the excited states 1s2 2p, 1s2 3p and 1s2 3d of Li - atom and the ground states 1s2 2s2 p and 1s2 2s2 p2 of B - and C - like ions are examined. The study was conducted using partitioning technique to analyz

الكشف عن اورام الدماغ من صور MR استنادا الى (Co - occurrence Matrix) == Detection of Brain Tumor From Mr Images Based on Co - Occurrence Matrix

Author name: كوثر علي خلف
Supervisor name: علياء حسين علي
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Physics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls - Physics Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يعد الكشف عن اورام الدماغ وتجزئتها مهمة شاقة للاطباء كما وانها تستغرق وقتا طويلا. نظرا للتباين والتعقيد الموجود في هذه الاورام. وخصوصا عندما تكون التغيرات الشكلية للورم خفية وغير منتظمة ويصعب الكشف عنها وتمييزها عن طريق الفحص السريري. لذا فان التصوير | Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) offers a lot of information for medical examination. Fast, accurate and reproducible segmentation of MRI is desirable in many applications. The mostly brain images contain noise. Therefore, accurate segmentation of brain i

تحضير وتشخيص بعض المعقدات الفلزية احادية ومختلطة الليكاند المشتقة من سلفاميثاكزول و4,4' - ثنائي مثيل - 2,2' - باي بريدال == Synthesis And Characterization of Some Metal Complexes With Mono And Mixed Ligand Derived From Sulfamethoxazole And 4,4' - Dimethyl - 2,2' - Bipyridyl

Author name: ميسون مزهر عـبد الحسـن
Supervisor name: محاسن فيصل الياس
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Inorganic Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تم في هذا البحث تحضير معقدات جديدة للعناصر الثقيلة Rh(III)} وPd(II) Pt(IV)و {Au(III) من تفاعل الليكاند (sulfamethoxazole L1) مع ايونات املاح هذه الفلزات بالطريقة التقليدية وتم تحضير معقدات جديدة اخرى في الحالة الصلبة بواسطة تفاعل مزيج من (sulfamethoxazol | In the present study, new heavy metal complexes of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) as L1 have been prepared with Pd(II), Au(III), Rh(III) and Pt(IV) ions , in a solid state by conventional method. Two mixed ligands were chosen : sulfamethoxazole and 4,4/ - dimethyl - 2,2/ - bipyridyl (L2). This is done to prepare another series of complexes with some metal ions ( Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), Cr(III) , V(IV), Pd(II) and Au(III)) in order to investigate the coordination behavior of these ligands(L1) and (L2) toward these metal ions.These complexes, already prepared by the solid state, were characterized by the elemental analysis (C.H.N.S) and FT - IR , UV - Vis spectroscopy, in addition to the flame atomic absorption, magnetic susceptibility , melting point and conductivity measurements. According to the results obtained, it is noticed that ligand L1, with the light and heavy metal ions, clearly behaves as a bidentate through the O atom of sulfonyl group and N atom of sulfonylamid group for all the prepared complexes except Cu(II) and Ni(II). In this case, the ligand confirms that the bonding of the metal ion in a tridentate chelate through the O atom of sulfonyl group and N atom of sulfonylamid group and N atom of amine group.While L2 behaves as a bidentate ligand through two N atom. Conductivity measurements have shown that all the prepared complexes are ionic except PdL1L2 complex. Based on the results of the measurements, the following formula have been suggested for the new prepared complexes : - [VOL1L2]SO4.2H2O and [CuL1L2]2( NO3)4.0.5H2O have square pyramidal geometry while the following complexes are having octahedral geometry : - [CrL1L2 Cl2] Cl.H2O,[NiL1L2NO3]2 ( NO3)2.0.5 H2O,[PdL1L2 Cl2].0.5H2O,[PtL1Cl3H2O]Cl.H2O, [Au L1L2Cl2] Cl.2H2Oand the complexes below have tetrahedral geometry : - [CoL1L2] (NO3)2.3H2O,[CdL1L2](NO3)2.3H20 while [PdL1Cl]2 Cl2.H2O,[AuL1Cl2]Cl.3.5H2O,[RhL1ClH2O]Cl2.0.5H2O have square planar geometry.Different bonding and structural behaviors were revealed throughout the study of coordination chemistry of the newly prepared metal complexes.The nature of bonding between the metal ion and the donor atoms of the ligands were demonstrated by calculating Racah parameter and the other ligand field parameters which were calculated using suitable Tanaba - Sugano diagrams.The nature of the complexes in ethanol solution was studied for some of the prepared complexes such as (RhL1,PdL1,PtL1 and AuL1) in the solution state to determine the ratio between ligand to metal state by using the molar ratio method which gave results which approximately identical results when compared to those obtained from the isolated solid state. Besides the stability constant of the prepared complexes were studied and it was found that they were stable in molar ratio 1 : 1.

تحضير وتشخيص مشتقات جديدة للكومارين - 3 - كاربوكسلك اسيد == Synthesis And Characterization of New Derived From Coumarin - 3 - Carboxylicacid

Author name: كوثر عبد الواحد عبد الحميد
Supervisor name: شذى فاضل نارين الزبيدي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Organic Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد مشتقات الكومارين مهمه من الناحية البايلوجية والصناعيه والدوائيه وعلى هذا الاساس استمرت الدراسات في تحضيرمشتقات جديده للكومارين وعليه فقد تم في هذا البحث تحضير عدد من مشتقات للكومارين وعددها 23)) بالاضاقة الى المركب 2 - oxo - 2H - coumarin - 3 - carbox | The coumarin and his derivatives class of heterocyclic compoundsThey are presente in a large family of products with broad biological and industrial activities.This fact leads as to synthesis twenty eight compounds of heterocyclic by several methods show in diagrams (1, 2).Than we characterized this compounds by some spectral analysis Such as : (FT - IR), (GCMS), (H - NMR) and determination of their physical properties such as melting points and color.This work involved : 1. Synthesis of base compound ( coumarin 3 - carboxylic ) by reaction Malonic acid with Salicylaldehyde in Petroleum ether as a solvent.2. Synthesis of k1 by reaction ( coumarin 3 - carboxylic ) with Thionyl chloride in Dichloro methane as a solvent.3. Synthesis of k2 by reaction k1 with hydrazine hydrate 99%. 4. Reaction k2 with six kinds of aromatic aldehyde to Synthesis of Schiff Bases : K8 - k7 - k6 - k5 - k4 - k35. Synthesis of five from Tetrazoles compounds by reaction Schiff Bases With sodium azide in dioxane as a solvent. 6. Synthesis of five from thiazolidinone compounds by reaction Schiff Bases with Mercapto acetic acid in THF) as a solvent. 7. Synthesis of five from azetidinone compounds by reaction Schiff Bases with ChloroacetylChloride in Dioxane as a solvent. 8. Synthesis of five of thiourea compounds by reaction Schiff Bases with thiourea in methanol as a solvent.

تحضير ودراسات طيفيه لمعقدات ليكاندات الاميدوبنزوثايزول الممزوجه باستخدام الطريقه المايكرويفية == Synthesis And Spectral Studies of Amide Benzothiazole Mixed Ligands Complexes Using Microwave Method

Author name: فرح سعدون جعفر
Supervisor name: محاسن فيصل الياس
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Inorganic Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: في هذا البحث تم استخدام احدى تطبيقات الكيمياء الخضراء حيث حضرت المعقدات بالطريقة المايكرويفيه حيث تتيح هذه الطريقه ظروف افضل للعمل من حيث تقليل التلوث ,استخدام كمية مذيب اقل, اقل تكلفة, نسبة منتوج عاليه , تفاعل بزمن اقصر وكطريقة عمل ابسط.تم استخدام ليكا | One of green chemistry applications has been used in this work ,where the complexes were prepared by microwave irradiated reactions that availed reduced pollution, free or less solvent conditions, low cost, high yields, shorter reaction times and simplicity in processing. Two of benzothiazole derivatives ligands 2 - benzamid benzothiazole (L1) and 2 - acetamid benzothiazole (L2) were used to synthesize two types of transition metal complexes ; Rh(III), Pd(II), Cd(II), Pt(IV) and Au(III) , the other set of complexes was prepared in presence of a co - ligand 1,10 - phenanthroline(L') or 4,4? - dimethyl - 2,2? - bipyridyl (L") with the metal ions V(IV), Cr(III), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn(II) and Au(III) using microwave and conventional methods to compare the results between them. These ligands and their metal complexes were isolated and characterized in solid state using FT - IR, UV - Vis spectroscopy, flame atomic absorption, elemental analysis C.H.N.S. and magnetic susceptibility measurements as well as melting point and conductivity measurements. According to the results of the above measurements, the following shapes were suggested for the prepared complexes : Complexes of ligand (L1) : Complexes of Rh(III), Pd(II) and Au(III) have a square planar geometry, while Cd(II) complex has a Td geometry and Pt(IV) complex has an Oh geometry.Complexes of mixed ligands (L2 with L'/ L") : All complexes have an Oh geometry except V(IV) complex has a square pyramid and Co(II) complex has a Td geometry. The nature of bonding between the metal ion and the donor atoms of the ligands was demonstrated through the calculation of Racah parameter and other ligand field parameters, which were calculated using suitable Tanabe - Sugano diagrams.The nature of some (L1) complexes in liquid state was studied by following the molar ratio method which gave results approximately identical compared with those obtained from the isolated in the solid state; also, stability constants of the prepared complexes were studied , they were stable in the molar ratio 1 : 1. A theoretical treatment of the ligands and the prepared complexes in gas phase was done using two programs; Hyperchem - 8 and Gaussian program (GaussView Currently Available Versions (5.0.9) along with Gaussian 09 which is the latest in the Gaussian series of programs).Hyper chem. - 8 program used the molecular mechanics and semi - empirical calculation, the heat of formation (?H?f), binding energy (?Eb) dipole moment (µ) for the free ligands and their metal complexes were calculated using ZINDO/1, PM3 and AMBER methods at 298 K. It was found that the complexes were more stable than their ligands; furthermore, the electrostatic potential of free ligands was calculated to investigate the reactive site of the molecules, PM3 was used to evaluate the vibrational spectra of free ligands ,the obtained frequencies agreed well with those values experimentally found; in addition, the calculation helped to assign unambiguously the most diagnostic bands. Electronic spectra measurements for the ligands were calculated theoretically using ZINDO/S method comparing it with the experimental results. It was found that there was a closely relationship between the theory and experimental spectra.Gaussian program semi - empirical (PM3) method which used in order to calculate : the geometry optimization, dipole moment (?),total energy ,electrostatic potential, ELUMO and EHOMO was obtained, evaluate the vibrational spectra of free ligands and these obtained frequencies agreed well with those values experimentally found.Also electronic spectra measurements for the ligands were calculated theoretically by using the job type : Single point energy (SP) along with ZINDO method and also the job type frequency (Freq) used along with CIS method (3 - 21G).

تقدير الخصائص الفيزيائية والكيميائية لمياه الابار المحلية بوساطة تقنيات تحليلية مختلفة لتحديد نوعيتها وصلاحيتها للاستخدام البشري والزراعي == Determination of Physical And Chemical Characteristics of Local Wells Water By Using Different Analytical Techniques For The Establishing Their Quality Specifications And Usage Conformity

Author name: احسان نصيف جاسم العبيدي
Supervisor name: كريم ديمة خلف | كاميران حسين شكر
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Analytical Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: مؤخرا، ازدادت ظاهرة حفر الابار في المنازل والمناطق المحلية خصوصا بعد الحرب على العراق عام 2003 تبعا لشحة تجهيز الماء الصالح للشرب من قبل السلطات المسؤولة. هدف البحث اساسا لتعرف نوعية مياه الابار المحلية ومدى صلاحيتها للاستهلاك البشري والمنزلي، با | Recently , the phenomenon of drilling wells in the local areas and housings has increased before the war on Iraq 2003 due to the anticipations of insufficient supply of drinking water by the competent authorities. This research work is aimed to recognize the quality of the local wells water quality and the extent of their adequacy for human and domestic consumption. In addition to try to know the relevance of these wells water and the nearest point of surface water (i.e. river water). In this study , five wells were selected in Al - Adheem Embankment area and the surface water of Al - Adheem River itself. The sampling strategy of the two type of water began in 1/3/2007 and the process of sampling is complied with guidelines cited by national and international specifications , This piece of study involves four chapters. Chapter one deals with chemical literature review concerning environment and pollution , sources of groundwater pollution in addition to the physical and chemical characteristics of water such as color turbidity , electrical conductivity , TDS , TSS , pH , total hardness, Ca2+ , Mg2+ , Cl - , SO42 - , NO3 - , NO2 - and heavy metals contaminates (Cu2+ , Cd2+ , Ni2+ , pb2+ , Zn2+). Chapter two describes all methodology and techniques used in this study such as atomic absorption spectrometry (both FAAS and ETAAS) , UV - Vis spectrophotometry , pH - meter , conductivity meter , and sampling protocol according to those cited by national and international bodies. In addition to , the all procedures for measuring the constituents and characteristics of water samples were described. In chapter three , the outcome of this research work were reviewed and discussed for each constituent as mentioned above. The results of study are summarized in the table hereafter : Chapter four explicates the conclusions that attained by this research work showing the important study accomplished for the first time in this area of Iraq in one hand. In the other hand , it showed that some characteristics agree and disagree with the specifications of drinking water that are listed by Iraqi and other international bodies. Finally , It concluded that all water recourse selected in this work were not drinkable and improper for human consumption according to national and international specifications , but it could be useful for arable particularly for that plants stand high concentrations of salts.

تطوير طرائق طيفية لتقدير السلفاميثوكسازول والسلفاديازين باستخدام تفاعل الاقتران الازوتي == Development of Spectrophotometric Method For The Determination of Sulphamethoxazole And Sulphadiazine Using Diazotization Coupling

Author name: امل حسين محيميد حسين
Supervisor name: سعدية احمد ظاهر
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اشتملت هذه الرسالة على ثلاثة فصول : يتضمن الفصل الاول استعراضا موجزا لاملاح الديازونيوم والكاشف الثايمول واهمية ادوية السلفا فضلا عن بعض الطرائق الحديثة في تقدير ادوية السلفا والهدف من اجراء البحث.واشتمل الفصل الثاني على وصف طريقة طيفية بسيطة وحساسة | his thesis consists of three chapters : - the first chapter includes a short notes on the diazonium salt and thymol reagent demonstrates a brief review for, an assay of sulpha drugs and aim of the work.The second chapter describe a simple sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of microgram amounts of sulphamethoxazole in aqueous solution, based on the coupling of diazotized sulphamethoxazole with thymol reagent in alkaline medium to produce an intense yellow coloured ,water - soluble and stable azo - dye which exhibits maximum absorption at 473 nm. The determination limits of Beer’s law were 1 - 6 µg.ml - 1, with a molar absorptivity 2.1 × 104 l.mol - 1.cm - 1. The average recovery was 100.12 %, and RSD 0.492 %, the LOD is 0.0087 ?g.ml - 1 and LOQ is 0.029 ?g.ml - 1. The method has been successfully applied for the determination of sulphamethoxazole in pharmaceutical preparations where the analytical results are compatible with certified value of pharmaceutical preparations and with a standard addition procedure.The third chapter demonstrates the development of simple sensitive spectrophotometric method for the determination of microgram amounts 1 - 7 µg.ml - 1 of sulphadiazine , based on the formation of diazotized sulphadiazine by adding sodium nitrite in acidic medium; followed by removing the excess of nitrite by sulphamic acid, the formed diazotized sulphadiazine was then coupled with thymol in strong alkaline medium to get a yellow coloured azo dye. The produced dye is stable and soluble in aqueous medium and it has maximum absorption at a wave length of 469 nm. The molar absorptivity was 2.6 × 104 l.mol - 1.cm - 1 with LOD and LOQ 0.0077 and 0.025µg.ml - 1 respectively. The method had good accuracy and precision; The average recovery was 100.57 % and RSD 0.657 %. The method was applied on the pharmaceutical preparation of sulphadiazine (as cream), the analytical results were in agreement with certified value of pharmaceutical preparation and with a standard addition procedure.

هرمون الانتي مولرين كدالة لمتلازمة تكيس المبايض في امصال النساء العراقيات == Serum Anti - Mullerian Hormone As A Marker of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome In Iraqi Women

Author name: شهد فوزي عبيد عبد الواحد الخفاجي
Supervisor name: بشرى فارس حسن | غريد خليل محمد علي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يتضمن البحث تنقية المحاليل المائية المخففة من الملوثات العضوية صبغة الرودامين وصبغة الكونغو الاحمر بطريقتين الطريقة الاولى كانت امتزاز هذه الصبغات على سطح البتونايت ضمن Al2O3، ZnO،TiO 005 ( جزء بالمليون استعلمت المركبات الثانوية 2 - مدى من التراكيز ) 05 ) | The present work deals with the purification of diluted aqueous solutions from organic pollutants Rhodamine B (RhB) and Congo red (CR) dyes with two methods. The first one was adsorption these dyes on bentonite in range (50 - 250)mgl - 1, Nanocompounds,TiO2, ZnO, Al2O3 and quaternary ammonium salts Hexadecyl tri methyl ammonium bromide (HDMAB), long chain hydrocarbon compounds Sodium dodecyl sulfate(SDS) in different amounts (0.01 - 0.1)g/10g of bentonite were used to modify the adsorption capacity to remove the RhB and CR dyes from aqueous solutions. Both bentonite and modified bentonite are firstly characterized using SEM, AFM and FTIR techniques.The effect of dyes concentration, contact time, effect of initial dye concentration and contact time, adsorbent dosage, and amount of modifiers on the percentage removal have been studied. The modified bentonite with SDS. TiO2 , ZnO increased the percentage removal(R%) of RhB dye from 80% by natural bentonite to 99.3%,98.9% and98.7% respectively, the other dye CR modified bentonite with HDMAB,TiO2 ,ZnO, increased the R% from 81.3% to 99.6%, 99.0% and 98.8%,while adding Al2O3 did not success to increase the R% of RhB and CR on bentonite surface The study exhibits that Langmuir and Freundlich models gave geed fitted to the experimental adsorption at 25°C.The second method deals with advanced oxidation process by using photo - Fenton catalyst(Fe2+,H2O2 and UV light) to degradates of two dyes RhB and CR, the effect of Fe2+ concentration,H2O2 concentration , initial dye concentration and effect of pH at different interval time have been studied.results indicated that simultaneous utilization of UV irradiation with Fentons reagent increase the degradation degree of RhB and CR dyes quickly lose their color, indicating that the dissolves organics have been oxidized, the maximum color removal were obtained at pH 2.0,250 mgl - 1of Fe2+,300 mgl - 1of H2O2for RhB at 240 minute while for CR maximum removal were at pH 3.0,200 mgl - 1of Fe+2,350 mgl - 1of H2O2 at 270 minute.The photo - Fenton degradation process was monitored by HPLC chromatogram of RhB and CR dye solutions. The intensity of the peaks are gradually decreased with irradiation time.The irradiation time after three hours show no HPLC peaks detected, the results are in a good agreement with the results obtained from the UV visible spectrum.In this study semi - empirical methods are used to calculate the molecular orbital energies. This calculation let to suggest the best surface active material which can be used to modify the adsorption efficiency for RhB and CR on Iraqi bentonite surface. The theoretical study results are compared to experimental results achieved in experimental studies on some organic pollutants and modified bentonite by SDS and HDMAB. Using SDS led to the best adsorption efficiency for RhB while HDMAB lead to best efficiency for CR dye. The enthalpy of formation, dipole moment and energy of molecular orbital HOMO and LUMO energies levels were calculated for the two dyes and the two modifiers.

التقدير بتقنية الحقن الجرياني المستمر التعكرية لايون الاوكسونيوم من خلال مبادل ايواني واستعمال مصفوفة خطية للتشعيع بنظام فوتومتري 5SX1 - T - 1D وباستعمال خلية شمسية كمتحسس == Turbidimetric - Cfia Determination of Oxonium Ion Through Ion Exchange Resin With The Use of Linear Array Ayah 5Sx1 - T - 1D Solar Microphotometer

Author name: احمد ازهر منصور الصراف
Supervisor name: عصام محمد علي شاكر الهاشمي
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Biochemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: لوحظ في الفترة الاخيرة ظهور مرض متلازمة تكيس المبايض في الاناث خلال سن الانجاب، ان نشوء المرض ربما يعود للاختلال الهرمونات ( المبايض، الغدة النخامية ) ومقاومة الانسولين. ومؤخرا تم استخدام هرمون الانتي - مولرين كمؤشر في التشخيص الدقيق لمرض متلازمة تكيس | In the recent period there had been increased emergence of polycystic ovary syndrome in females during the reproductive age, which may be due to hormonal imbalances (ovaries, pituitary gland) and insulin resistance. Recently Anti - Mullerian hormone had been used as an indicator for determining the degree and accurate diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome in serum of patients as well as the measurement fasting insulin and other hormones routine.Aim of study : - ? Proof that anti - mullerian hormone is a marker for diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome patients. ? Compares hormones level as : anti mullerian hormone, fasting insulin, luteinizing hormone, follicle stimulation hormone, Prolactin, testosterone between polycystic ovary syndrome and normo - ovulatory women. ? Correlate the level of anti mullerian hormone with other the biochemical features as hormones follicle stimulation hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, prolactin and insulin resistance.? To find a cut - off value for anti - mullerian hormone in Iraqi women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Subjects and Methods : - Forty patients with polycystic ovary syndrome , aged ( 20 - 35) years attending AL - Seweraa hospital / Waset , Kamal AL - Samarai hospital / Baghdad for infertility and gynecology and Al Elwiya Maternity Teaching Hospital were included in the present study , also forty normal fertile females ,aged (21 - 37) years who serve as control group. Blood samples were taken from all subjects from day 2 - 5 day of menstrual cycle. The level of all parameters were quantitatively determined in patients and control subjects by Vidas. Except Anti - mullerian hormone and insulin hormone quantitatively determined in patients and control subjects by Enzyme - Linked Immuno Assay [ELISA]. Test using commercially available Kits as well as the important measurements that had been done include body mass Index.Results : - ? There was a significant [P = 0.0001] increase in Anti mullerian hormone in polycystic ovary syndrome patients compared to controls.? There was a significant [P = 0.0001] increase in luteinizing hormone in polycystic ovary syndrome patients compared to controls , while the level of follicle stimulation hormone and fasting serum glucose was found to be insignificantly when compared with control group.? There was a significant [P = 0.001] increases in testosterone and prolactin hormones in polycystic ovary syndrome patients compared to controls.? Anti - mullerian hormone is more sensitive and specific than the other tests in predicting the occurrence of the disease with a cut off value (>7.9). ? The mean serum level of fasting insulin, homeostatic model assessment was significantly [P=0.0001] elevated in the polycystic ovary syndrome patients when compared to that found in the control group.

تقدير السبروفلوكساسين, النورفلوكساسين والحديد الثلاثي باستعمال الطرق الطيفية مع الاستخلاص بنقطة الغيمة == Determination of Ciprofloxacin, Norfloxacin And Iron (III) Using Spectroscopic Methods With Cloud Point Extraction

Author name: نورا سعد مبدر
Supervisor name: زهير عبد الامير خماس
General topic: Chemistry
Specific topic: Organic Chemistry
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يتضمن البحث تحضير ستة وثلاثون مشتق جديد من مشتقات]2 - (5 - كلورو - 1H - بنزو]د[ايميدازول - 2 - يل انيلين[، وقد تمت دراستها وتشخيصها بواسطة اجراء تحاليل اطياف الاشعه تحت الحمراء FT - IR)) واطياف الرنين النووي المغناطيسي للبروتونH - NMR)1) لها.تم تقسيم تح | This research includes synthesis of thirty six new derivatives of [2 - (5 - chloro - 1H - benzo[d]imidazol - 2 - yl)aniline] and these derivatives were characterized by their FT - IR and 1H - NMR spectra.The synthesized compounds were divided into three parts : - The first part involved : - 1 - Synthesis of 2 - (5 - chloro - 1H - benzo[d]imidazol - 2 - yl) aniline [1] by the reaction of 4 - chloro - 1,2 - diaminobenzene with anthranilic acid and hydrochloric acid as a reagent.2 - Acetylation of compound [1] by using acetic anhydride in order to obtaine the Acetamide compound [2]. 3 - Synthesis of N - [2 - (5 - chloro - 1H - benzo[d]imidazol - 2 - yl) phenyl) - hydroxyl N' - methyl] acetimidamide [3] by the reaction of compound [2]with hydroxyl amine hydrochloride and sodium carbonate.4 - Synthesis of Benzimidazolyl Chalcone derivatives [4 - 11] by the reaction of the compound [2] with various aromatic aldehydes such as benzaldehyde ,4 - nitro benzaldehyde,4 - chloro benzaldehyde and 4 - methyl benzaldehyde.The second part included : Mannich reaction was carried out based on the compound [1] using formaldehyde and different secondary amines such as piperdine , indole, diphenyl amine , morpholine , indole - 3 - acetic acid , and imidazole to offered [12 - 24]. The third part was synthesized as following : - 1 - Synthesis of Schiff bases [25 - 32] from the reaction of compound [1] with various aldehydes such as benzaldehyde, 4 - bromobenzaldehyde, 4 - hydroxy benzaldehyde, and glutar aldehyde.2 - Reaction of Schiff bases [26 - 29] with mercaptoacetic acid to give new compounds containing thiazolidin ring [33 - 36].

دراسات وراثية خلوية ومظهرية لثلاثة انواع من شبوطيات المياه العذبة العراقية (Barbus luteus, Cyprinion macrostomus, Chondrostoma regius) == Three Species of Iraqi Freshwater Cyprinidaes (Barbus Luteus, Cyprinion Macrostomus, Chondrostoma Regius)

Author name: اسماء سامي ابراهيم
Supervisor name: ندى عبد المجيد الانصاري | طه ياسين الدوري
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: zoology - Genetics
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: هدفت الدراسة الحالية التعرف على الطراز الكروموسومي ونظام تحديد الجنس والتمييز بين الجنسين مظهريا في ثلاثة انواع من اسماك المياه العذبة العراقية ممثلة بسمكة الحمري Barbus luteus والبنيني كبير الفم macrostomus Cyprinionوالبلعوط الملوكي Chondrostoma regius | These present studies were carried out to determine the karyotypes & the system of sex determination between the two sexes as well as the sexual morphological characteristics of three species of Iraqi fresh water fish Barbus luteus, Cyprinion macrostomus, & Chondrostoma regius that were fished from Tigris river at Baghdad during 2005. The cytogenetic studies revealed that the chromosome number of Barbus luteus is 2n = 148 & the karyotype of males is (80m + 52sm + 16st) while the females has (80m + 51sm + 17st). The chromosome number of Cyprinion macrostomus is 2n = 50 the males has (6m + 24sm + 12st + 8t) while the females has (6m + 23sm + 13st + 8t). The chromosome number of Chondrostoma regius is 2n = 48 and the karyotype is (14m + 30sm + 4st). Sex chromosomes were identified in Barbus luteus & in Cypinion macrostomus for the first time , the sex is determined by ZZ / ZW system, the female was considered as heterogametic (ZW) while the male was considered as homogametic (ZZ) , & the chromosome Z was represented as submetacentric chromosome & chromosome W as small subtelocentric chromosome. In spite of the difference in their chromosome number , the ratio between red blood cell diameter & it's nucleus was approximated in these species. The differences among these species in both of the diameter of cell and the nucleus didn't match with the differences at the polyploidy levels or with the difference in chromosome number within the same level. The liver & intestine were recommended as new sources for chromosomal studies , because of the good ratio of dividing cells (71.4 % & 58.2 %) respectively from the whole dividing cells in kidney that was considered as a control. The crude aqueous extract of fresh convolvulus arvensis leaves showed good effect in arresting the cell division of fish at metaphase , the concentration (0.4, 0.6, 0.8, ) mg / gm arrested kidney cells of carp fish at the metaphase in ratios 71.1 % , 88.1 % , 94 % respectively from the colchicines treated kidney cells (control). Positive significance correlation was found (r = 0.9518) between the percentages of arrested cells at metaphase & the concentrations of crude extract. Comparison between the females and males of the three species revealed that in Barbus luteus the distance from head edge to the anal orifice & from head edge to the dorsal fin were larger in males than females. The females have dark colored fins with reddish ventral aspect of head & body in comparison with the males during the whole months of study. So , they were considered as permanently sexual dimorphism characteristics. But , during the spawning seasons (May & June ) a more brighting color of male with reddish coloration of both sides of body were noticed in comparison with female with a golden orange corneal coloration in both sexes. Thus, they were considered as temporary sexual dimorphism characteristics. In Cyprinion macrostomus the distance from the head edge to the anal orifice was larger in females than males. The colors of anal & caudal fins were darker in females than in males during the whole monthes of study.So , they were considered as perminantly sexual dimorphism characteristics. While, during the spawning seasons ( May , June , July & August) , the gill operculum was of orange color only in male that extend to the end of pectoral fin. So , this was considered as a temporary sexual dimorphism characteristic. In Chondrostoma regius the distance from the head edge to the dorsal fin & from the dorsal to caudal fin as well as the pectoral fin base length were larger in females than in males during the whole months of study it was considered that they are permanently sexual dimorphism characteristics. Differential characteristics were not noticed during the spawning season (February & March). The permanently sexual dimorphism & the general characteristics were not affected by the differences of standard length , weight , age & season , because they were observed in fishes of different lengths , weights & ages & during the months of study 2005. But , the seasons affect the development of temporary characteristics in Barbus luteus & Cyprinion macrostomus , because these characteristics were observed during the spawning season only. Aging of Barbus luteus was accompanied by growth increase as indicated by the mean of standard length during May , July, August, September & December & by the mean of weight during May , August, September, October & December. A positive correlation was found between standard length & weight during the months of study , with the exception of January. While aging of Cyprinion macrostomus & Chondrostoma regius was not accompanied by growth increase as indicated by the means of standard length & weight , but a positive correlation between standard length & weight was found during the studied months. Same growth type were observed in the three species of fish , it was allometric in two sexes.

الكشف عن بعض عوامل البيئة الداخلية للخلايا السرطانية للنساء العراقيات المصابات بسرطان الثدي == Detection of Some Microenvironment Factors In Tissue Samples of Iraqi Women With Breast Cancer

Author name: فاطمة سمير عبد الرزاق الزبيدي
Supervisor name: اخلاص مشرف عيدان
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology - Immunology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common cause of cancer - related deaths in women. It continues to rank as one of the top killer of women. This cancer increased in frequency in the last years in Iraq. The aim of this study was to shed light on the immunohistochemical for some factors that could be affect on development of microenvironment in breast cancer of Iraqi patients. And these factors include CD133 as a marker for breast cancer stem cells (BCSs), and also studying tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF - ?) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF - ?). 53 samples Formalin - fixed, paraffin - embedded (FFPE) wax block appeared their ages were range from 29 - 70 year with a mean age of 48.45 years. 32 patients with breast carcinoma and 21 patients with benign breast lesions were included in this study for comparison. The results of this study show that the CD133 positive expression was found in (56.2%) of Iraqi breast cancer cases. Also the result of this study show that (62.5%) positive expression from both (TNF - ? &TGF - ?) of breast cancer cases, compared with sample of benign breast lesion. The results show (52.3%) positive expression of TNF - ? and (28.57%) positive expression of TGF - ? of samples with benign breast lesion, there is a significant different between studied samples, compared with (19.05%) samples positive expression of CD133 of sample with benign breast lesion so there is a significant different between the samples with breast cancer and benign breast lesion. Also the results show there is a positive relationship correlation between (TGF - ?) expression and (TNF - ?) expression, while there were no relationship correlation between (TGF - ?) and CD133 and no relationship correlation between TNF - ? and CD133. The results show there is a positive correlation between the grade and breast cancer with the three different expressions of marker but in different strongest correlations between (TNF - ?) and (TGF - ?) with the graded but this correlation becomes weak with CD133 marker the value of significant. According to the relationship in breast cancer case in this study between the studied markers and stage of case it shows (TNF - ?) has a strong positive correlation while the correlation appear week between the stage of this studies case and end each of TGF - ? and CD133. For this we concluded from the results there high expression of CD133 and TNF - ? indicators and TGF - ?. CD133 could use in diagnosis of the cancer cell and the high expression of TNF - ? & TGF - ? indicate that these factor play important roles in tumor microenvironment metastasis. And the strong correlation between the expression of these markers with grade and stage of breast cancer

دراسة بيئية للدايتومات الملتصقة على بعض النباتات المائية في هور العودة ضمن محافظة ميسان جنوب العراق == A Study On The Ecology of Epiphytic Diatom On Some Aquatic Plants In Al - Auda Marshes / Maysan Province / Southern Iraq

Author name: الاء عيسى موسى البوعجي
Supervisor name: جنان شاوي الحساني
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Environment
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت الدراسة الفصلية على الدايتومات الملتصقة على النباتات المائية لثلاث مواقع في هور العودة ضمن محافظة ميسان جنوب العراق (من شهر تشرين الاول 2013 لغاية شهر تموز 2014) نظرا لاهمية الدايتومات في الانظمة البيئية المائية والاهمية البيئية لاهوار العراق على مس | Seasonal study on the quality and quantity of epiphytic Diatoms was conducted in the Al - Auda marsh within Maysan Province throughout one year from October 2013 to July 2014.These Diatoms have an important role in biotic ecosystems. Three taxa of aquatic plants were selected (Phragmites australis Trin ex stand, Ceratophyllum demersum L. and Typha domengensis Pers) in three sites within Al - Auda Marsh; these sites were Al - Adleh, Al - Auda and Um - Almashahef. Also, the study included measuring physical and chemical factors of all the study sites, such as : temperature (air and water), power of hydrogen (pH), total hardness(TH), Calcium (Ca), Magnesium (Mg), turbidity (Tur.), light penetration(LP), depth of water (D), total dissolved suspend material (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), total alkalinity (TA), dissolved oxygen (DO), total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) and reactive Silicate (SiO3). The mean ranges of the studied factors were recorded : air temperature (10 - 38 C°), water temperature (13 - 34 C°), pH (7.1 - 8.6), TH (672 - 3800mg/l), Ca (97.8 - 264.5 mg/l), Mg (125.1 - 896.13mg/l), Tur.(7.62 - 30.7NTU), LP(46 - 113cm), D (190 - 413cm), TDS (1170 - 3075 mg/l), TSS (0.02 - 0.08 mg/l). while TA (207.5 - 300mg/l), DO (6.4 - 13.5 mg/l), TN (2.41 - 8.58µg/l), TP (0.013 - 0.23 µg/l) and SiO3(101 - 776.77 µg/l).Results of the study indicated presence of 111 taxa of epiphytic diatoms, which belonged to 13 families and 26 genus (one family and two genus of centric diatoms, 12 families and 26 genus of pennate diatoms).The present study recorded 21 species that were found only on one host plant, 20 species that were found on two host plants and 70 species that were found on all host plants, nine of diatoms taxa were present in all host plants among all study seasons which are Achnanthes minutissima, Cocconeis placentula var. euglypta, Cyclotella meneghiniana, Synedra affinis, Syneda ulna , Gomphonem parvulum, Mastogloia smithii var. amphicephala, E. zebra var. porcellus, Rhopalodia gibba.One of the diatoms taxa was recorded in the present study is new to Iraqi flora, the new record of diatom include one taxa of Achnanthidiaceae family (Achnanthes exigua var. constricta). The results of this study included description of the basic characteristics of this taxa with complete photographic documentation.It was evident, from the results, that the morphological form of host plants influenced the number of the attached epiphytic diatoms. C. demersum had attracted 92 diatoms taxa(35%) while the lowest number was 82 taxa (31%) attached by Typha domengensis. The seasonal variation of diatoms growth was evident. Spring 2014 was characterized by the highest number of attached taxa (69 on P. australis - 11%) whereas the lowest number was observed on C. demersum (32 taxa - 5.4%) in autumn 2013.Numbers of epiphytic diatoms fluctuated among study sites, seasons and aquatic plants. The total number of epiphytic diatoms on P. australis ranged between 0.73×104 cell/gm wet weight in summer 2014 at Al - Auda and 406.89104 cell/gm wet weight in spring 2014 at Um - Almashahef. C. demersum recorded highest total number 513.9 ×104 cell/gm wet weight in winter2014 at Al - Adleh, while the lowest total number was 0.1×104 cell/gm of wet weight was recorded in the spring 2014 at Um - Almashahef. While total number of taxa on T. domengensis ranged (0.84 - 427.89) ×104 cell/gm wet weight in summer and winter 2014 at Um - Almashahef.Fluctuations in the total number of main epiphytic diatoms families were observed on all aquatic host plants throughout the study period. The higher total number(92.59×104 cell/gm of wet weight) of diatoms recorded in Achnanthidiaceae family in summer 2014 on P. australis and lower total number (0.28×104 cell/gm of wet weight) on same plant observed in Rhoicospheniaceae family in spring 2014. C. demersum showed highest total number (95.15 ×104 cell/gm of wet weight) in Fragilariaceae family in spring2014, while the lower total number (0.3×104 cell/gm of wet weight) was in family Rhoicospheniaceae in autumn 2013. Individual of Achnanthidiaceae family were recorded as highest total number (168.57×104 cell/gm of wet weight) on T. domengensis in Achnanthidiaceae family in the winter of 2014, but lower total number (0.28×104 cell/gm of wet weight) recorded in Coscinodiscaceae family in the same season. The study showed highest values for richness index (3.77) in the spring of 2014 for epiphytic diatom on C. demersum in Al - Auda site, while lower richness index recorded was (0.6) on T. domengensis in theautumn of 2013 at Um - Almashahef. Shannon - Weaver index ranged (0.24 - 2.45) for epiphytic diatom on P. australis during winter of 2014 at Um - Almashahef and autamn 2013 at Al - Auda, respectively. Highest values for Evenness index were recorded (0.28) for epiphytic diatom on C. demersum in the spring of 2014 at Um - Almashahef site, while for the same site lower values recorded was (0.03) on T. domengensis in winter 2014. Higher percentage for Jaccard similarity index (63.2%) obtained between epiphytic diatoms hosted on T. domengensis and lower percentage of similarity (28.9%) found among the common taxa of epiphytic diatoms on C. demersum, and highest percentage for Jaccard similarity index between host plants was (70%) between P. australis and C. demersum while lower percentage of similarity(67%) was obtained between T. domengensis and C. demersum.

استخدام الزراعة النسيجية والفطر Glomusmossaes في الازالة الحيوية لعنصري الرصاص والكادميوم وتحمل الملوحة لنبات السيسبان Sesbaniarostrata L == Application of Plant Tissue Culture And Glomusmossaes In Bioremediation of Lead, Cadimum And Salinity Using Sesbaniarostrata L. Plant

Author name: التفات فاضل شحاذة الطائي
Supervisor name: علي هاشم الموسوي | كاظم محمد ابراهيم
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Plant
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت تجارب عدة لغرض دراسة تحمل نبات السيسبان Sesbania rostrata L. للكادميوم والرصاص وكلوريد الصوديوم على مستوى النبات الكامل ومزارعة النسيجية. استحث الكالس واديم على وسط موراشيج وسكوج 1962 والمجهز 0.3 ملغم/لتر من الكاينتين و2 ملغم/لتر من حامض 2, 4 داي مث | Several experiments were carried out to study cadmium, lead and sodium chloride tolerance at the tissue culture or whole plant levels of Sesbania rostrata. Callus was induced and maintained on Murashige and Skooge (1962) medium (MS) supplemented with 0.3 mg/l Kinetin and 2 mg/l 2, 4 - dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2, 4 - D) using cotyledons as the source for callus induction. Different concentrations of cadmium, lead and sodium chloride directly or gradually were added to the culture medium as contaminants. Selected tolerant cell lines were subjected to regeneration. Callus showed better tolerance to gradual exposure than direct addition. The concentrations of Potassium, lead, Cadmium and Sodium recorded to 17, 24, 27, 35 ppm when 1.0, 2.0 mg/L and 0.4% of cadmium, lead and sodium chloride were added respectively. The study included the effect of the cytokinin (benzyl adenine, BA) and the auxin (Naphthalene acetic acid, NAA) on the regeneration of shoots from callus tolerant to pollutants reached 76, 87 and 85% for callus tolerant to Cadmium, Lead and sodium chloride respectively, when the combination of 0.7 mg/l BA and 0.2 mg /l NAA was supplemented to the medium. The effect of indole butyric acid (IBA) on rooting of shoots. The concentration 0.7 mg /l gave highest percentage of rooting amounted to 66, 70 and 85% in a medium supplemented with cadmium, lead and sodium chloride respectively. Acclimatization of plantlets using river sand soil recorded 85% survival. The study was also included effects on plant height and fresh weights, shoot fresh weight was superior at the concentration 1.0 and 2.0 mg/l of cd and pb recording 8.7 and 7.5 g respectively. Treatment with NaCl led to increase the root fresh weight recording 19.1 g. Maximum cd accumulation reached 12.5 ppm in shoots, 10.5 ppm for lead in roots, 39 ppm for NaCl in roots. The experimental work investigated the effect of mycorrhiza (Glomus mosseae) on cd, pb and NaCl removal by Sesbania plant when grown in either soil contaminated with cd, pb and NaCl or non - contaminated soil (control). Inoculation with mycorrhiza led to an increase in seed germination percentage (96%), plant height (28 cm) in non - contaminated soil, while achieved an increase in shoot and root fresh weight recording 10.0 and 6.8 g respectively. Inoculation with mycorrhiza also led to a significant increase in cd and pb accumulation in roots reached 9.0 and 87.4 ppm respectively. Meanwhile, Mycorrhiza caused a significant increase in Na accumulation in root system (42.5 ppm) which already affected K concentration as a result of competition with Na recording 16.5 ppm in shoots. Mycorrhiza inoculation led to a significant increase in number of root nodes in non - contaminated soil recording 86%. Finally, mycorrhiza succeded in infecting Sesbania rostrata roots reached 90% in non - contaminated soil while it was 85% in contaminated soil

دراسة تصنيفية مظهرية خارجية لبعض انواع عائلة الفراشات فرشاتية الاقدام من رتبة حرشفية الاجنحة (Lepidoptera : Nymphalidae) في وسط وشمال العراق == Morphological Taxonomic Study of Some Species of Brush Footed Butterflies (Lepidoptera : Nymphalidae) In Mid And North of Iraq

Author name: ايناس صادق عبد الكريم
Supervisor name: عماد احمد محمود | حسن سعيد الاسدي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology - Insects
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The present study comprises taxonomic morphological study of seven species belonging to four genera of the subfamiliesNymphalinae, Danainae, Satyrinae belong to the family Nymphalidae of the order Lepidoptera.The following species were studied in the subject are : Famliy : Nymphalidae Swainson, 1827 - Subfamily : Nymphalinae Swainson, 1827Genus : Vanessa Fabricius, 1807Vanessa japonica Linnaeus, 1758Vanessa cardui Linnaeus, 1758Vanessa atalanta Linnaeus, 1758Genus : Junonia Hubner, 1819Junonia orythia Linnaeus, 1758 - Subfamily : Danainae Swainson, 1827Genus : Danaius Kluk, 1802Danaius chrysippusLinnaeus, 1758 - Subfamily : Satyrinae Boisduval, 1833Genus : Coenonmphyma Hubner, 1819Coenonmphyma pamphilus Linnaeus, 1758 Coenonmphyma spThe species Vanessa japonicaLinnaeus added as new record to the Iraq insect fauna of Lepidopteraand the species Coenonmphyma sp added as new expected species to the world.

الاكثار الخضري لنبات Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr. خارج الجسم الحي == In Vitro Vegetative Propagation of Spilanthes Acmella (L.) Murr

Author name: انسام زهير جاسم الحسني
Supervisor name: بشرى محمد جابر علوش
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Plant
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: وظفت تقانة زراعة الانسجة لاكثار نبات Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr. كونه نباتا غير مستزرع في العراق ولاهميته الطبية والزراعية بوصفه نبات زينة فضلا عن استعمالاته الاخرى. عقمت البذور بمادة هايبوكلورات الصوديوم(NaOCl) وزرعت على وسط Murashige وSkoog (1962) (MS | The technique of plant tissue culture has been manipulated to In vitro micropropagation of Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr. It is an ornamental and medicinal plant not cultivated in Iraq. Seeds were sterilized by sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and cultuared on full strength Murashige and Skoog medium(1962) (MS). Nodal segments, apical shoots, and leaflets explants were taken from seedlings and cultured on (MS) medium enriched with different concentrations of Indol acetic acid (IAA), Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) Benzyl adenine (BA), and 6 - furfurylaminopurine (Kin.). The study include the effect of node orientation vertically and horizontally on induction of shoots formation. The effect of the interaction between IAA and BA, IAA and Kin. on shoot multiplication was investigated. Rooting was also studied after inclusion of IBA and IAA to full and half - strength (MS) medium. At acclimatization stage, different ratios of river sand and peat moss as agricultural media were tested and plantlets survival was recorded. DNA isolation was carried out from fresh and dry plantlet leaves as well as from seeds and Agarose Gel Electrophoresis (AGE) was done. Results showed that 1.5% sodium hypochlorite for 15 min was very effective for disinfecting and survival. The nodes cultured vertically exhibited relatively highest response as compared with apical shoots and leaflets culture. Supplying the culture medium with 1 mg/L. BA was effective for lateral shoot induction. The mean number of shoots obtained from nodes were 7.43 with a mean length 0.9 cm. Adding IAA at 0.1 and Kin. at 0.5, 1.0 or 1.5 mg/L. to the growth medium was effective for multiplication. Mean number of the developed shoots were 12.00, 14.20, 13.60 shoots/ explants with a mean length of 3.40, 2.60, 1.40 cm, respectively. Adding 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 mg/L IBA to the half strength MS medium was very effective in root formation which produced 45.0, 42.5, 40.0 roots, respectively, with mean length of 3.25, 3.80, 3.80 cm, respectively. Plantlets were acclimatized successfully achieving 100% survival after four weeks when transferred to agricultural medium consisted of river sand and peat moss at 1 : 1 v/v ratio. This study showed the ability of in vitro micropropagation of Spilanthes acmella (L.) Murr. DNA isolation from drying leaves was butter than fresh leaves with the precense of liquid nitrogen.

دراسة مجتمع الديدان الحلقية قليلة الاهلاب بنهر الفرات في المسيب - العراق == Study of Aquatic Oligochaetes Community In The Euphrates River In Al - Mussayab / Iraq

Author name: الهام عبيد صالح الجنابي
Supervisor name: هيفاء جواد جوير
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد ديدان قليلة الاهلاب المائية مجموعة حيوانية تضم انواعا مهمة من الناحية الاقتصادية والعلمية كونها غذاء جيدا للاسماك، ودورها في النظام البيئي بوصفها مؤشرات حياتية معروفة في تقييم نوعية المياه ودرجة تلوثها. وبسبب قلة الدراسات التشخيصية وعدم وجود قائمة خ | Aquatic oligochaete worms is an animal group that contains important species, economically speaking as its being a good fish food, and its scientific role in the ecosystem as well known bio - indicator for assessment water quality and evaluate the degree of water pollution. Due to little identification studies available about this group, and the absence of Iraqi checklist of species, the idea of the current study came, which concerned with the community of aquatic oligochaetes worms in the middle sector of the Euphrates River. Three sites have been chosen for this purpose, the first site is on the Euphrates River in the district of River at Al - Mussayab city (S1) and two streams branched from it, including Al - Mashroo'a stream (S2) and Abu - alasafeer stream (S3).These sites are characterized by sediment texture ranged from silt - sandy sediment in S1, sandy in S2 and Sandy - Clay in S3, the percentage of organic matter in the sediment ranged between1.8 - 2.6 % in S1, 0.7 - 1.9% in S2, and 4.8 - 6.4 % in S3. As far as plants concern, the presence of reed plant Phragmites australis, Potamgeton crispus plant, Hydrilla verticellata plant, and some filamentous algae in all study sites.Total of 1720 individuals of aquatic oligochaeta have been sorted out during the study period from all sites representing 37 species belong to the family Lumbricidae, Tubificoid naidid worms, Naidid worms of subfamily Naidinae and subfamily Pristininae, and finally, family Aeolosomatidae. Eleven species were considered as new records for Iraq. Regarding study sites, S2 recorded a least number of individuals and number of species, while the number of individuals and number of species were converged at S1 and S3. Results of the Species Richness Index showed that the highest value was recorded at the S3 and reached 8.37, while Species Uniformity Index, ranged between the highest value of 1.88 at the S3 and lowest value of 1.60 in S2, and finally in S1 it was 0.85. Shannon - Weiner diversity Index, recorded its highest value of 6.33 bits / individual in the S3, and lowest value has in of 2.78bits/individual in S1, but it was 4.80 bit / individual in S2. The Results of Jacquard Presence - Community values of similarity showed that the highest degree of similarity is (58.62%) recorded betwen S1 and S2. One species of family Lumbricidae was recorded that is Eiseniella tetraedra in S2.This family recorded a percentage of 3% of the total isolated worms. Total of 584 individuals of Tubificoid naidid worms were sorted with a percentage 34% of the total number of worms and they were identify as nine species included Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, L. profundicola, L.claparedeanus, Tubifex tubifex, Aulodrilus pigueti, Peloescolex tenuis, Potamothrix hammoniensi, Rhyacodrilus coccineus, and finally Branchiura sowerbyi which recorded the highest percentage of 65.24% of the total tubificoid naidid worms with the highest frequency of 100%, followed by L. hoffmeisteri with a percentage of 16.95% and the frequency percentage of 85.19%, while the remaining species recorded close proportions ranged between 1 - 2%. Peloscolex tenuis was considered as a new record for Iraq, where10 individuals of this species were sorted with a percentage of 1.71%, and a frequency percentage of 3.70 %.Total of 47 individuals of subfamily Pristininae, were sorted, represented five species, including two species of genus Pristinella, P obsorni, and P. sima, and three species of genus Pristina, identified as, P. longiseta, P. aequiseta, and P. foreli, with a highest percentage of 53.19%, and a highest frequency of 14.81% were recorded by P. longiseta. A total of 788 individuals of subfamily Naidinae were sorted represent 20 specie includes Chaetogaster diastrophus, Stephensoniana trivandrana Paranais litoralis, P.frici, Ophidonais serpentina, Slavina appendiculata, S.isochaeta, Specaria josinae, Stylaria lacustris S. fossularis, Dero(Dero) evelinae, D.(D.) nivea, D. (Aulophorus) furcatus, Nais simplex, N.pseudobtusa, N. stolci, N. variabilis, N. elinguis, N. pardalis, Allonais inaequalis. Nine species of which were recorded for the first time in Iraq (in Bold). Species S. lacustris recorded the highest frequency percentage of 59.25%, and the highest individuals number 0f 187 was recorded by both S. lacustris and O. serpentine. Finally, 207 individuals of family Aeolosomatidae were identified into two species, Aeolosoma variegate and A. hemprichi. The first species recorded the highest percentage of 82.61% and a frequency percentage of 33.33%, and the second species recorded a percentage of 17.39% and a frequency percentage of 29.64%. The study also included a description of the identified species with photos illustrations of the identification characteristics of each species.

استخلاص وتوصيف المنشط السطحي الحيوي Rhamnolipid من بكتيريا Pseudomonas aeruginosa المعزولة من بعض الحالات السريرية والبيئية == Extraction And Identification of Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant From Pesudomonas Aeruginosa Isolates From Clinical And Environmental Cases A Thesis Submitted

Author name: مها هاني توفيق الخزرجي
Supervisor name: ندى صباح رزوقي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: هدف البحث الى التعرف على فاعلية التدريس باستراتيجية التعلم بالتعاقد في تحصيل مادة علم الاحياء لدى طلاب الصف الثاني المتوسط وتفكيرهم الابداعي. وللتحقق من ذلك تم صياغة الفرضيتين الصفريتين الاتيتين : 1 - لا يوجد فرق ذو دلالة احصائية عند مستوى (05.0) بين مت | 50 isolates of the bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa was obtained from 201 clinical samples were distributed between Burn Specialist Hospital and teaching laboratories from patients with burns, infected wounds, middle ear infection, urinary tract infection and respiratory tract infection for a period from 1st February till 1st May. And we obtained 50 bacterial isolates from 20 samples from contaminated and non - contaminated soils were distributed different areas of Baghdad for a period of 1st May 2013 till 1st August.Number of cultural microscopically, biochemical and sensitivity to antibiotics tests had been, than diagnosis was confirmed by API20E system.These isolates was tested for ability to production of biosurfactants (rhamnolipid) by haemolysis, oil spreasding test, calculate value of emulisification factor (E24) and measuring surface tension for liquid media. Tow isolates (PS42 and PP8) had been selected, first one was from soil samples and other was from pathological samples because of they have highest productivity, haemolysis ability, oil spreading, highest emulisification factor value and highest in lowering surface tension, there for these tow isolates selected for study their inhibitory activity against types of bacteria. The rhamnolipid was extracted from tow isolates P. aeruginosa PP8 and P. aeruginosa PS42 by using mixture of solvents as was obtained 15.45 g and 18.25 g per liter of each of the PP8 and PS42 respectively. The rhamnolipid was diagnosed by thin layer chromatography technology (TLC) and high - performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) showed that tow bacteria produced three types of rhamnolipids (mono - , di - rhamnolipid and rhamnolipid A). The rhamonlipid efficiency was tested for inhibitory activity against bacteria by measuring diameter of inhibitory zone surrounding holes and discs. The inhibitory activity was high against Bacillus cersus bacteria followed by P. aeruginosa, than Staphylococcus aeraus and the lowest one was E. colli. The inhibitory activity for biosurfactant was approached to inhibitory activity for industrial surfactants. Also in this study has been determined minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) value for biosurfactants and the results varied depending on different types of biosurfactants and type of bacteria and the lowest values for MIC and MBC of biosurfactant produced by P. aeruginosa PS42 on growth of B. cereus and reached to 16.It was first time at local level for testing inhibitory activity of biosurfactant against pathogenic bacteria S. aureus and P. aeruginosa which was studied in vivo (injuried skin) after introduction these pathogens experimentally into laboratory mice with clinical symptoms appeared in injured skin after 48 hours and then treated mice groups with of 30 mg \ ml concentration of biosurfactants produced from isolates of bacterial (P. aeruginosa PP8 and P. aeruginosa PS42), resulted in a decrease in the time required for healing as found from the results obtained by the different length of period needed for healing (depending on the nature of injury and type of microorganism that causes injury).The mice had been recovered after 5 days when used biosurfactant at concentration 30 mg/ml produced P. aeruginosa PS42 followed by mice recovered after 6 days when used biosurfactants 30 mg/ml produced by P. aeruginosa PP8 in comparison with control group which recovered after 12 days for mice infected with S. aureus. In mice infected with P. aeruginosa recovered after 10 days when used biosurfactant produced by P. aeruginosa PS42 at concentration 30mg/ml and followed by mice recovered after 12 days when used biosurfactant produced by P. aeruginosa PP8 at concentration 30mg/ml in comparison with control group which recovered after 17 days.

دراسة وبائية لطفيليات القناة الهضمية عن منطقتي ابو غريب والعامرية وتاثيرها في بعض مستويات الدم == Survey of Intestinal Parasites In Abu - Ghreeb And Al - Ameria Areas And Their Effect On Some Blood Components A Thesis Submitted

Author name: دعاء بهاء عبد الجبار
Supervisor name: طالب عبد الله حسين
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت الدراسة الحالية اجراء مقارنة حول نسب انتشار الطفيليات المعوية وعلاقة الاصابة ببعض مكونات الدم المحيطي (اقيام الهيموغلوبين والعدد الكلي لكريات الدم البيض واعداد الحمضات) في مرضى من منطقتي ابو غريب والعامرية خلال المدة مابين شهر تشرين الاول 2011 ولغاي | The present study has included the comparison 0f prevalence rates of intestinal parasites and the relationship of infection of certain components peripheral blood (hemoglobin values, the total number of white blood cells, eosinophils numbers) in patients of each of the regions of Abu Ghraib and Amiriyah during the period from October, 2011 until July, 2012 as it has been collected (2449) stool samples that were distributed between (1430) stool samples from Abu Ghraib Hospital auditors and (1019) stool samples of auditors of the Health Center in Amiriya and also it has been collected blood samples. Stool samples were examined by direct method using brine (Normal Saline) and tincture of iodine (Lugol's Iodine) and the floating way by sulphate zinc water (ZnSo4.7H2O) to investigate the prevalence of intestinal parasites and the relationship of infection by age, sex, number of family members, and the type of water used for drinking. The results showed the presence of significant difference at the possibility(p<0.05) in total infection for the regions of Abu Ghraib and Ameriyah where the percentage was (36.29%) in the area of Abu Ghraib and (27.57%) for the Amiriyah area. It has been diagnosed five types of intestinal parasites (protozoa + Helminthes) as follows : A - Intestinal protozoa in the Abu Ghraib and for the Amiriyah area : 1 - Entamoeba histolytica was (17.62%, 16.68%).2 - Giardia lamblia was (11.95%, 5.49%).3 - Entamoeba coli colon was (2.44%, 2.55%(.B - Helminthes1 - Dwarf tapeworm Hymenolepis nana was (2.37%, 1.76.(2 - pinworm Enterobius vermicularis was (1.88%, 1.07.(We Did not observe any significant differences between the infection of intestinal parasites and sex factor where the total infection for males was (6.53%) while for females, it reached (8.06%) for Abu Ghraib, as to the Amiriya region, also we did not notice any significant differences between the infection of intestinal parasites and sex factor where The total infection for males was (7.26%) while for females, it was (6.84%(. It has been also found that there are significant differences and when probability of (P <0.05) for the infection with parasite (Giardia lamblia) between the areas of Abu Ghraib and Amiriyah where infection rate reached (11.9%) in Abu Ghraib while for the Amiriyah area, it has reached the ratio of, (5.49%) for the same parasite, while there was no significant difference between the other four types of parasites. The individual injuries are prevalent Lama has reached bilateral injuries (56) bilateral injury in the Abu Ghraib area, and (13) in the area of bilateral injury Ameria and most of the injuries were bilateral parasite (E.histolytica+ G.lamblia). The results showed that there is a significant difference when probability (P <0.01) for the distribution of age groups, reaching the highest infection rate in the age group of (29 - 20) years, (56.68%) and the lowest infection in the age group (60 years and over) the percentage of infection was (21.42%) in the Abu Ghraib area, while for Amiriyah area, it has been recorded the highest infection rate in the age group of (29.20), where it reached (49.22%) and the lowest injury in the age group (60 years and above) where The percentage of infection was (4.82%(. Also, it was noticed the emergence of variation in the values of the components of the peripheral blood and the lack of significant difference when probability (P <0.05) in the area of Abu Ghraib where it recorded the highest proportion of hemoglobin in the parasite (Entamoeba histolytica), amounting to (12.40 g / 100 ml) and the lowest percentage hemoglobin was recorded in parasite (Enterobius vermicularis) amounting to (9.46 cells / mm3), and the lack of a significant difference in the total number of white blood cells where it recorded the highest rate in the parasite (Entamoeba histolytica) 6776.32 cells / mm3 while the lowest rate was recorded in the parasite (Enterobius vermicularis (5074.37cell\mm3, and lack of a significant difference for eosinophile numbers was recorded the highest proportion in parasite Hymenolepis nana 516.63 cell\mm3 and the lowst rate was recorded in parasite Entamoeba histolytica 159.63 cell\mm3. As for the Amiriyah, it hasn’t been noticed any significant differences when probability (P <0.05), where the highest proportion of hemoglobin in the parasite (Entamoeba histolytica), was (11.76 g / 100 ml) and the lowest percentage hemoglobin recorded in parasite (Enterobius vermicularis) was (9.90 g / 100ml), and there was the lack of a significant difference in the total number of white blood cells, where it has been recorded the highest rate in the parasite (Entamoeba histolytica) 6574.59 cells / mm3 and the lowest rate was recorded in the parasite (Entamoeba coli) 5700.00 cells / mm3 and the lack of a significant difference for eosinophile numbers. The highest proportion in parasite Enterobius vermicularis was 518.65 cell\mm3 and the lowst rate in parasite Entamoeba coli was 140.29 cell\mm3. The results also showed that there is a high significant difference when the probability (P <0.01) in the incidence of intestinal parasites and the relationship of water used for drinking where the study proved that the highest infection rates recorded of the people who use canal waters and water tank where It percentages was (49.54%, 39.00%), respectively while the lowest rate of infection was recorded in people who use boiling water which reached (14.02%). The same applies to the Amiriya district which recorded the highest percentage of people who use tap water and the lowest percentage of those using boiling water reaching ratios (41.49 %, 12.5%), respectively.

دراسة تشخيصية لانواع تحت العائلة Tubificinae (قليلة الاهلاب : نايديدي) من بيئات مائية مختلفة داخل مدينة بغداد - العراق == An Identification Study On Subfamily Tubificinae (Oligochaeta : Naididae) From Different Aquatic Habitat In Baghdad / Iraq

Author name: افراح محمد علوان الجبوري
Supervisor name: هيفاء جواد جوير
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: انواع تحت العائلة Tubificinae ديدان مائية حمراء اللون يتراوح طولها مابين 1سم الى عدة سنتمترات وقطرها حوالي 1ملم تنتمي الى العائلة Naidiadae، الصنف الثانوي قليلة الاهلاب، صنف السرجيات التابع لشعبة الديدان الحلقية، وتسمى عاميا" بديدان الوحل. تقطن هذه المجم | Species of Subfamily Tubificinae are aquatic red worms, their length ranged between 1cm to several centimeters, and their diameter about I mm, and they are classified with Family Naididae, subclass Oligochaeta, class Clitellata, phylum Annelida. They are commonly called "sludge worms". This group inhabit the rivers, lakes and ponds sediment, and some species also found in marine habitat, they are considered as one of the main benthos components specially in freshwater, with increase abundance in soft sediment rich in organic matters. Sludge worms individuals are hermaphrodite, reproduced sexually by cross - fertilization, eggs led in cocoon and hatched directly without any larval stage. They are also reproducing asexually by ArchitomyAccording to the economic importance of this worms as good food for fish, their ecological role as well known bio - indicators, little studies about their identification were available and absence of check list of their species in Iraq, the present investigation idea was come to concern primarily with sorting and identification of subfamily Tubificinae from River Tigris and some water surface in Baghdad /Iraq. For this purpose six study sites were chosen, including a drainage canal, North Baghdad (S1); three sites on the shore of River Tigris (S2, S3 & S4) ; in addition to site in Al - Jeish canal, East Baghdad (S5), finally the sixth site was from pond in Al - Zawra'a park, within the center of Baghdad (S6). These sites were characterized by sedimenet rang from clay, silty - clay to silty with a percentage of organic matter ranged between higher percentage of 9.9% in site S5 and 0.7% as a lowest percentage in site S1. According to water temperature, salinity and pH values, they were identical in all study sites.3628 individuals were sorted from 24 samples collected from all study sites. The sorting results revealed that the highest number of worms (1346 ind.) recorded in site S5, while the lowest number (326ind.) recorded in site S4. Twelve species were identified belonging to seven genera, and Limnodrilus was the most dominant genus. Five species were considered as new records to Iraq, which are L. silvani in S6, P. hammoniensis & Monopylophorus irroratus in P. moravicus in S2 and Rhyacodrilus cocciensis in S6.Five species of Limnodrilus were recorded, including L. hoffmeisteri, L. claparadienus, L. profundicola, L. udekemianus, and L. silvani with a percentage of 52%, 1.40%, 4%, 10.03% and 0.35% for each species respectively. Two species of Potamothrix were recorded which are P. bavaricus and P. hammoniensis with a percentage of 2% and 2.05% respectively, in addition to Branchiura sowerbyi, Psammoryctides moravicus, Tubifex tubifes, Rhyacodrilus cocciensis, and Monopylophorus irroratus with a percentage of 26.07%, 0.33%, 3%, 0.27, and 0.24 respectively. The higher frequency percentage of 100% was recorded by L. hoffmeisteri and B. sowerbyi.High densities of Tubificinae were recorded during all study period. Higher density of 6882 ind./m2 was recorded during in site S1; 4296 ind/m2 in site S2 ; 4496 ind/ m2, ind/ m2in site S3; 3730 ind/ m2 in site S4; 15218 ind/ m2 in site S5 and 7026 ind/ m2 in site S6.The results of relative abundance revealed that L. hoffmeisteri was the dominant species in site S3 and abundant in other study sites. B. sowerbyi was abundant in all study sites, while other species were recorded between few to rare species except L. udekemianus which was abundant in site S5, and T. tubifex in site S4. It was clear from species richness index, Shannon - Wiener diversity index, and species uniformity index, that the highest value for each index was recorded during cold months (Dec. - Feb.), 1.47, 2.83bit/ind, and 1.17 respectively, while the result of cluster analysis depending on Jaccard index of similarity revealed that the highest similarity of 80% found between S1& S6.The investigation also includes description of identified species and photos of identification criteria for each species. B. sowerbyi was easily recognized from other species by having gill filaments at the posterior end of the body. Species of Limnodrilus were characterized by the absence of hair chaetae, and they are differentiated by the shape of penis sheath, due to the close similarity of chaetal shapes, with the exception of L. udekemianus in which its anterior chaetae characterized by long and curved dorsal tooth. Species of Potamothrix were recognized by the presence of a pair of spermathecal chaetae, its shape was used to differentiate between P. hammoniensis, which have long gutter - shape and P. bavaricus, which have plade - like shape with triangle base. P. moravicus also have spermathecal chaetae but it was differed from that of Pomatothrix species by its long and narrow shape. T. tubifex was identified by its tub - shaped penis sheath, while R. cocciensis, was recognized by their penial chaetae in segment NO. XI, and M. irroratus by the presence of pseudopenis and its sheath.

تاثير المستخلص المائي الخام لنبات الزنجبيل Roscoe officinale Zingiber على بعض الجوانب الدموية والتناسلية في الفئران الحوامل == Effect of Crude Aqueous Extract of Zingiber Officinale Roscoe On Some Hematological And Reproductive Aspects In Pregnant Mice

Author name: رغد خالد موفق مسلم
Supervisor name: محمد عبد الهادي غالي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة للتعرف على مدى تاثير المستخلص المائي الخام للزنجبيل Zingiber officinale Roscoe (الطازج، اوالجاف) على الفئران الحوامل المجرعة عن طريق الفم وبالتراكيز (284، 568، 1136، 1420 ملغم/ كغم) اثناء مراحل الحمل المختلفة (المبكرة والوسطية والمتاخرة | This study was designed to investigate the effect of the crude aqueous extract of ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) (fresh or dry) on pregnant mice orally administered at doses (284, 568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg) during different durations of pregnancy (early, intermediate, and final) for a period of 7 days for each duration. The study showed that there was no significant difference in the average weights of the animals at (P < 0.05) after treatment with (dry or fresh) extract at doses (284, 568, 1136 or 1420 mg/kg) comparing with the control group.The parameters of blood in the early duration of pregnancy showed a significant decrease in the average of hemoglobin (Hb) at (P < 0.05) after treatment with (fresh or dry) extract at the doses (568, 1136, 1420 mg/ kg), while the average of packed cell volume (PCV), demonstrated a significant decrease after treatment with fresh extract at doses (284, 568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg), and at (568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg) after treatment with dry extract at (P < 0.05) : The average of red blood cells (R.B.C.) after treatment with (fresh or dry) ginger extract, at (P < 0.05) showed a significant decrease at doses (284, 568, 1136, 1420 mg / kg), while the average mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), and the average mean corpuscular volume (MCV) at (P < 0.05) revealed a significant increase and at doses (568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg) after treatment with dry extract, at doses (1136, 1420 mg/kg) for the average of (MCH), at doses (568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg) for the average (MCV) after treatment with fresh extract, while the average Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) did not show any significant difference at (P < 0.05) after treatment with (fresh or dry) extract comparing with the control group.The parameters of blood in the intermediate duration of pregnancy showed a significant decrease at (P < 0.05) in the average of (Hb), (PCV) and (R.B.C.) at doses (284, 568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg) after treatment with fresh extract, while dry extract demonstrated a significant decrease in average of (Hb) and (PCV) at doses (568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg), and a significant decrease in the average of (R.B.C.) but at doses (284, 568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg), while the average of (MCH) and (MCV) showed a significant increase at (P < 0.05) and at doses (568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg) after treatment with (fresh or dry) extract, while the average of (MCHC) did not showed any significant difference at (P < 0.05) after treatment with (fresh or dry) extract comparing with the control group.The parameters of blood in the final duration of pregnancy revealed a significant decrease (P < 0.05) in the average of (Hb), (PCV) and (R.B.C.) at doses (284, 568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg) after treatment with (fresh or dry) extract, while (MCH) showed a significant increase at (P < 0.05) and at doses (568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg) after treatment with (fresh or dry) extract, (MCHC) did not demonstrated any significant difference at the level (P < 0.05) after treatment with (fresh or dry) extract at all doses, while (MCV) showed a significant increase at (P < 0.05) and at doses (284, 568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg) after treatment with fresh extract, and at doses (568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg) after treatment with dry extract comparing with the control group. The results showed a significant decrease at (P < 0.05) in the average of diameters of ovarian and corpus luteum after treatment with (fresh or dry) extracts in the early and final durations of pregnancy at doses (568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg), and in the intermediate duration after treatment with (fresh or dry) extract but at doses (284, 568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg) comparing with group control.As for the concentration of the hormone estrogen (? - estradiol) didn’t demonstrated a significant difference at (P < 0.05) during different durations of pregnancy after treatment with (fresh or dry) extract at all doses, whereas progesterone showed a significant decreased at doses (284, 568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg) in all durations after treatment with (fresh or dry) extract comparing with the control group. Using doses at (284, 568, 1136, 1420 mg/kg) with (fresh or dry) extracts revealed a significant increase at (P < 0.05) in the average number of infected follicles in the all durations of pregnancy comparing with the control group. The results showed that there are no significant difference in the lengths of the embryos during intermediate and final durations at (P < 0.05) after treatment with (fresh or dry) extract at all doses comparing with the control group.There are also histopathological changes in the ovary, uterus and placenta included degeneration in ovarian follicles, necrosis, congestion, hemorrhage, edema, vasodilatation and rupture in blood vessels at different using doses.These findings indicated that the treatment with (dry and fresh) extract at doses (568, 1136 or 1420) mg/ kg harmful on pregnancy in different durations (early, intermediate, and final) , also the using of fresh ginger more harmful than dry ginger.

التاثيرات السمية لجسيمات الفضة النانوية على بعض الاعضاء لاناث طائر السمان Coturnix coturnix : دراسة نسجية وكيموحيوية == Toxic Effects of Nanosilver Particles On Some Organs of Female Quail (Coturnix Coturnix); Histological And Biochemical Study

Author name: عبير ساجد عبد علي
Supervisor name: غزوة درويش النقيب
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت هذه الدراسة التعرف على تاثير جسيمات الفضة النانوية في نسجية كل من الكبد والطحال والكلى فضلا عن تاثيرها في وظائف الكبد والكلى من خلال قياس بعض انزيمات الكبد المتضمنة (AST & ALT) وقياس مستوى اليوريا والكرياتنين (Urea & (Creatinine, فضلا عن تاثيرها في | This study was included to identify the effect of silver nanoparticles on histology of the liver, spleen and kidney, as well as it's effect on functions of the liver and kidneys through the measurementof some liver enzymes included (AST and ALT) and measurement of urea and creatinine levels, as well as the effect of silver nanoparticles in the weight of studied samples, numbers and sizes of the eggs were produced through the exposure periods.(45) quail (females) were collected from agricultured research center in Abu - Ghraib, divided into (4) groups including : T1 (12 quails were exposed to 4ppm), T2 (12 quails were exposed to 8ppm) and T3 (12 quails were exposed to 12 ppm) of nanosilver particles solution for (60) days.As well as control group T4(9 birds were exposed to distilled water).After the end of the exposure period samples were sacrificed by discapitation of the neck, and blood was collected for the purpose of serum separation which required for biochemical study, samples were dissected and fixated with Bouin's fluid, histological slides were prepared and stained with Eosin - Hematoxylin.Biochemical study were showed significant decrease in the level of liver's enzymes (AST & ALT), urea and creatinine. This decrease was elevated when the concentration was increased, as well as significant decrease in each of sizes and numbers of the eggs were produced through exposure periods and non - significant decrease in the body weight.Exposed groups with silver nanoparticles showed histopathological alterations for each of liver, spleen and kidney, in liver included congestion of blood vessels, infiltration of inflammatory cells, exudate, appearing of concilman bodies, fatty degeneration in most of hepatocytes which progressed to fatty changes in most of samples were exposed with 12ppm, Hyperplasia for each of blood vessel walls and capsule, atrophy of hepatocytes, and appearing of giant cells, while kidney sufferd from hydropic degeneration in most of renal tubules hemorrhage for each of cortex, medulla and glomerulus, hyaline degeneration of tubules, amyloid precipitation for each of glomerulus and blood vessels, sloughing of epithelial cells of renal tubules from basement membrane, hypertrophy of renal tubules with hyperplasia for cells of tubules and atrophy of renal tubules.Spleen tissue showed decreased in sheets of white pulp and lymphocyte numbers red pulp cells. Severity of these effects varied depending on individual differences between samples and concentration of silver nanoparticles, which increase in samples were exposed with highest concentration.

عزل وتشخيص بكتريا Streptococcus spp المسببة لالتهاب اللوزتين من الاطفال وتاثير بعض عزلات بكتريا حامض اللبنيك عليها == Isolation And Identification of Streptococcus Spp Caused Tonsillitis From Children And The Effect of Some Lactic Acid Bacteria (Lab) Strains On It

Author name: رند ثائر عبد اللطيف
Supervisor name: ندى صباح رزوقي
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: بحثت الدراسة جمع 100 مسحة من اطفال مصابين بالتهاب اللوزتين الحاد والمزمن ممن راجعوا استشارية الانف والاذن والحنجرة في مستشفى اليرموك التعليمي للمدة مابين كانون الاول للعام 2013 ولغاية اذار للعام 2014. وكانت نتيجة الزرع المختبري موجبة في 67 مسحة منها وبالا | In this study 100 swabs were collected from infected children with acute and chronic tonsillitis who attended at Al - Yarmook Teaching Hospital (Eear Nose Tonsils consultation clinic) from December 2013 until March 2014. The result of laboratory culture were positive in 67 samples. Depending on their cultural, morphological and biochemical characterization of bacterial isolates : (37.31%) of them were identified as Streptococcus pyogenes bacteria and the diagnosis is confirmed by the use of Remel Rapid STR System. Whereas (34.33%) belong to S.parasanguinis, (11.94%) S.mitis, (11.94%) S.oralis and (4.48%) S.thoraltensis were identification of them are confirmed by using Vitek - 2 System also. As well as Sensitivity test for S.pyogenes cultures for some of the antibiotics done and the results revealed that all cultures were sensitive to tetracycline and chloramphenicol drugs 100%, while it was different in their sensitivity for other drugs. According to age (2 - 13) years revealed the highest percentage of infection for both male and female, however the percentage of acute and chronic tonsillitis was higher in males than females. In this study, during investigation of the antagonist action of lactic acid bacterial isolates against these pathogenic bacteria, results revealed that the method of L.acidophilus discs gave a high inhibition zones with a diameter of 11.3 mm, while L.fermentum discs yielded a high inhibition zones with a diameter of 7 mm 24 hrs following incubation in comparison with well diffusion method by using suspension of L.acidophilus produced a high inhibition zones with a diameter 7.25 mm 48 hrs after incubation. L.fermentum suspension produced a high inhibition zones with 10 mm diameter 24 hrs following incubation. Also the study included measurement of the inhibition activity for bacteriocins produced by L.acidophilus bacteria against the pathogenic bacteria S.pyogenes on nutrient agar by well diffusion method in which results revealed stability of the bacteriocins effects under different PH (4, 5, 6) with percent (100, 60, 50)% respectively for 24 hrs at higher stability and the highest stability of bacteriocins during PH was 4 with percent 100%, while it lost a lot of its activity with acidic PH less than 2 and basal pH more than 8. During the study the effect of Nacl, Kcl and MgSo4 with different concentrations (1 - 5%) with constant inhibitory effect for bacteriocins produced by L.acidophilus against pathogenic S.pyogenes, The result revealed that Nacl had little effect in inhibition zone with 1&2% concentrations. The salt MgSo4 and Kcl showed reduction in the inhibitory activity with 1, 2, 3% concentration, however the higher concentration of salt caused great reduction as 5% concentration led to loss of inhibitory activity for bacteriocins completely.Also this study showed light on the inhibitory effect of probiotics suspensions against the adhesion property of S.pyogenes after treated with L.acidophilus and L.fermentum.where the Result shown that L.acidophilus inhibit the adhesion of S.pyogenes with percent 68.92% either L.fermentum inhibit the adhesion of this pathogenic bacteria to epithelial cell with percent 30.28%. The study is consisted of showed the inhibitory action for suspensions of L.acidophilus and L.fermentum on biofilm formation by S.pyogenes, it was noticed the action of L.acidophilus in the side more than from the action of L.fermentum. During the study of the effect of suspension and filter of L.acidophilus and L.fermentum on the production of Hemolysin enzyme by S.pyogenes, it was noticed that the ability of suspension belong to L.acidophilus and L.fermentum to reduce the diameter of hemolysis zone which was beta type more than the ability of filter L.acidophilus and L.fermentum to reduce of the hemolysis zone which was beta type.

توصيف العاثيات الحالة للمكورات العنقودية الجلدية (S. epidermidis) == Characterization of Lytic Phage Against Staphylococcus Epidermidis

Author name: ريام سليم هندي الزيادي
Supervisor name: غانم عبود جابر المولى
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Microbiology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: لحصول على عزلات Staph. epidermidisتم جمع (160 عينة) من حالات سريرية مختلفة كالتهاب المجاري البولية, التهابات جلدية, البلعوم, الانف, والاذن. تم الحصول على 51 (875¸31?) عزلة للمكورات العنقودية الجلدية Staph. epidermidis خلال فترة امتدت من ايلول 2014 الى كان | In order to isolate Staph. epidermidis, 160 clinical specimens were collected from (urinary tract infection, skin infection, pharynx, nose, and ear). Only 51(31.875 %) Staph. epidermidis isolates were obtained during a period from September 2014 to January 2015, depending on some biochemical tests and VITEK2 system. The Staph. epidermidis was given (gram stain, catalase , urase) positive, (coagulase, manital fermentation, oxidase, motility) negative, non haemolytic to human blood with some exception, most of the strain were able to produce biofilm, and (100%), (64.70%), (74.50%) resistant to penicillin G, ampicillin, and amoxicillin respectively. The Staphylococcus species identified during study were 44 (27.5%) isolates of Staph. aureus, 5 (3.125 %) Staph. haemolyticus, 4 (2.5 %) Staph. saprophyticus, 8 (4%) isolates other Staphylococcus spp. such as Staph. hominis ssp. hominis, Staph. capatis, Staph. xylose, Staph. simulanus, Staph. lentus, and 48 (30 %) from unknown genera. To isolate bacterioghages from sewage water, several sewage water samples were assayed using plaque assay of double agar overlay as a source of Staph. epidermidis phages. The bacteriophages were described depending on plaques size and shapes, phage 1 was the most predominant and frequent in the bacterial lawn and able to infect other S. species such as S. aureus. It has been selected to study it is titer, latent, rise period, and burst size were calculated. The effect of temperature, pH , and NaCl ions on it is original titer were studied.The results revealed a gradual decreasing in the phage titer with increasing dilution number. Latent period extended to (30 minutes) , while rise period was started with (40 minutes) extending to (60 minutes) , burst size was 2.346. Each temperature at several incubation periods , pH , and NaCl ions was significantly varied depending on phage titer. The optimum temperature was 40 ° C, while the 80 ° C was represented the inhibitor temperature. L.S.D. at level (0.05) for interaction was 39.552. The pH 6.5 - 7.5 represented the optimal pH for the best phage activity while the phage titer beginning to declining in above and below this range of optimal pH, L.S.D. at level 0.05 was 17.898 , the optimum NaCl ions concentrations were (0.1 M and 0.25 M), while the titer was significantly decreased with increasing the NaCl ion concentration in the culture solution, the L.S.D. at level 0.05 was (10.696). In conclusion of this study found that Phage1 was considered as predominant phage because of their ability to infect other Staphylococci species such as Staph. aureus.

تاثير المستخلص الكحولي لنبات الخباز (Malva sylvestris ) في فسلجة ونسجية الكبد والخصية في ذكور الفئران البيض == Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Mallow (Malva Sylvestris) On Physiology And Histology Liver And Testis In Albino Male Mice

Author name: بسمة علي جاسم
Supervisor name: مختار خميس محمد سعيد
General topic: Biology
Specific topic: Zoology
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: صممت هذه الدراسة للتعرف على مدى تاثير المستخلص الكحولي الخام لنبات الخباز Malva Sylvestris في الكبد والخصى لذكور الفئران البيض نسجيا, وكذلك فسلجيامن خلال دراسة مستوى انزيمي Glutamate - oxaloactate - transaminase (GOT) وGlutamate - pyruvate - transaminase( | This study was designed to investigate the effects of crude alcoholic extract of Malva sylvestris on the histology of liver and testes in male albino mice, as well as levels of the GOT, GPT enzymes and testosterone hormone. Seventy two adult male albino mice were used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into four main groups, the first group was given distilled water (control), while the other three groups were given (100, 300, 500 mg /kg) of crude extract. These main groups were subdivided into three subgroups, according to the period of treatment (2, 4, 6, 8)weeks. Blood samples were collected every two weeks for physiological study, and samples of the liver and testes were collected for histological study. Treating with crude alcoholic of Malva sylvestris led to no significant increase in the mean of the body weight except the concentration (500 mg /kg). There was significantly increase in the liver weight particularly in(500 mg /kg) for eight weeks of exposure, also there was significantly increase in the average of the testes weights treated with Malva sylvestris extract specially in (300, 500 mg /kg) for all periods of treatment compared with control group. Malva sylvestris extract coused significantly decrease in both GOT, GPT. there fore the value of GOT, GPT considers as concentration - period exposure dependent the highest value of GPT was (300 mg /kg) for two weeks (2. 25±228. 04) IU/L compared with control group (3. 03±226. 02) IU/L. and the lowest value of GPT was (500 mg /kg) for eight weeks (4. 52±192. 27)IU/L compared with control group (4. 06±208. 77) IU/L the highest value of GOT in (100 mg /kg) reached (4. 10±63. 00) IU/L for two weeks compared with control group (1. 25±71. 23) IU/L. the lowest value was (2. 77±49. 83) IU/L in (500 mg /kg) with eight weeks comparison with control group (1. 18±69. 02) IU/L. all concentration of Malva sylvestris extract made positive changes in the value of testosterone with all periods of exposure particularly in (300 mg /kg) compared with control group. There were many histopathological alterations appeared in the liver tissue among treated groups which caused by the effects of Malva sylvestris extract represented by congestion, disarrangement of hepatic cords, beginning of necrosis of hepatocytes, infiltration of leukocytes, narrowing of sinusoids, increase the number of binuclei cells, degeneration, appearance of giant cells, all these changes were reversible. Malva sylvestris extract made beneficial histopathological changes in the testes tissue in all treated groups like increase in numbers of ledyig cells specially concentration (500 mg /kg) reached (11.37± 0.80) IU/L with two weeks comparison with control group(5.38 ±0.34) IU/L, and increase in the thickness of the walls of seminiferous tubules specially concentration (500 mg /kg) reached(29.46± 1.39) IU/L with compared with control group(20.52±2.40) IU/L. In addition the role of extract in significant decline in the diameters of seminiferous tubules in all treated groups compared with control group

تذبذب حلول المعادلات التفاضلية المحايدة غير الخطية من الرتبة الثالثة ذات المعاملات الموجبة والسالبة == Oscillations Of Solutions Of Third Order Nonlinear Neutral Differential Equations With Positive And Negative Coefficients

Author name: بشرى محمد شهاب العبيدي
Supervisor name: حسين علي محمد
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Mathematics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تذبذب حلول المعادلات التفاضلية المحايدة النصف الخطية من الرتبة الثالثة == Oscillations of Third Order Half Linear Neutral Differential Equations

Author name: ليلى محمد شهاب العبيدي
Supervisor name: حسين علي محمد
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Mathematics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

خورازميات عددية مطورة لحل معادلات فولتيرا - فريدهولم التكاملية الخطية من النوع الثاني == modified numerical algorithms for solving linear volterra - fredholm integral equations of the second kind

Author name: ايمان نوري غانم
Supervisor name: منى منصور مصطفى
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Numerical Analysis
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

الحلول العددية لمعادلات فولتيرا - فريدهولم التكاملية التفاضلية الخطية من الرتبة الاولى مع الخوارزميات == Numerical Solutions Linear Volterra - Fredholm Integro - Differential Equations of First Order with Algorithms

Author name: عذراء مذكور محمد النوري
Supervisor name: منى منصور مصطفى
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Numerical Analysis
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تقدير دالة البقاء لمرض سرطان الثدي باستخدام توزيع رالي المعمم ذو المعلمتين == Estimate Survival Function For The Breast Cancer Diseas By Using Two - Parameters Generalized Raleigh Distribution

Author name: هند جواد كاظم البديري
Supervisor name: ايدن حسن حسين الكناني
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Mathematics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

حل معادلة بيركر ودراسة الصفات الاحصائية لحلها == Solution Of Burger Equation And Studying Statistical Properties For It’s Solution

Author name: منى صالح عباس الجبوري
Supervisor name: سعد ناجي علي العزاوي
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Mathematics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تذبذب المعادلات المحايدة من الرتبة الاولى والثانية ذات المعاملات الموجبة والسالبة == Oscillations Of First And Second Order Neutral Differential Equations With Positive And Negative Coefficients

Author name: منتهى يوسف عبد الله الياسري
Supervisor name: حسين علي محمد
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Mathematics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

حل مشكلة البرمجة الخطية الضبابية باستخدام دالة الرتب مع تطبيق عملي == Solving Fuzzy Linear Programming Problem By Using Ranking Function With Practical Application

Author name: فرح علاء عدنان
Supervisor name: ايدن حسن حسين الكناني
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Mathematics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

الدوال الابتدائية للمؤرات الخطية المقيدة == Elementary Functions Of Bounded Linear Operator

Author name: فاتن عباس احمد
Supervisor name: راضي ابراهيم محمد علي
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Mathematics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تقدير المعلمات توزيع ويبل المعدل بالاعتماد على عينات المراقبة من نوع التام مع تطبيق عملي == Parameters Estimation Of The Modified Weibull Distribution Based On Complete Data With Application

Author name: ضفاف فاضل مجيد
Supervisor name: ايدن حسن حسين الكناني
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Mathematics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

المؤثر التركيبي المكون من حاصل ضرب عدد منتهي من المؤثرات التركيبية الاتومورفكية المعرفة على فضاء هاردي H2 == The Product Of Finite Numbers Of Automorphic Compostion Operatord On Hardy Space H2

Author name: سارة محمد خليل
Supervisor name: سميرة ناجي كاظم | ايمان حسن عبود
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Mathematics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

خوارزميات لحل معادلات فولتيرا التكاملية باستخدام دوال الثلمة الغير متعددة الحدود == Algorithms For Solving Volterra Integral Equations Using Non - Polynomial Spline Functions

Author name: سارة حميد حربي
Supervisor name: منى منصور مصطفى
General topic: Mathematics
Specific topic: Mathematics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls
Language: English
Full text from the source: https://basicedu.uodiyala.edu.iq/uploads/DHAMYA1/2016%20colge/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9%20%D8%AD%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%20%D8%AD%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A.pdf
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

دراسة بعض الخصائص الميكانيكية والتوصيلية الحرارية للمتراكبات النانوية للايبوكسي-ثنائي اوكسيد التيتانيوم والالومينا والمتراكبات الهجينة == Study some of mechanical and thermal conductivity properties of Epoxy-TiO2 and Al2O3 nanocomposites and their Hybrid composites

Author name: سارة خضير طه
Supervisor name: خالد رشاد الراوي
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Solid State and Materials Physics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls - Physics Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تصميم منظومة لانتاج الاوزون من البلازما غير الحرارية عند الضغط الجوي الاعتيادي == Design Of Ozone Generator Device By Non - Thermal Plasma At Atmospheric Pressure

Author name: هديل عبيد اسماعيل
Supervisor name: حامد حافظ مربط الجبوري
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Physics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls - Physics Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

استخدام مخلفات البوكسايت العراقي الناتجة من استخلاص الالومينا في انتاج مواد عازلة حراريا == USE OF IRAQI BAUXITE WASTES AFTER EXTRACTING ALUMINA TO PRODUCE REFRACTORY MATERIALS

Author name: هدى ضياء جعفر شكارة
Supervisor name: فاضل عبد رسن عمارة | جنان حامد المختار
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Physics
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls - Physics Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

دراسة الخواص التركيبية والبصرية لاغشية SnS2:Cu الرقيقة المحضرة بطريقة التحلل الكيميائي الحراري == A Study of the Structural and Optical Properties of SnS2: Cu Thin Films Prepared by the Chemical Spray Pyrolysis

Author name: نضال علي محمود
Supervisor name: ندى خضير عباس
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Physics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls - Physics Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

الانتقال الالكتروني في Al/a-Se /M لثنائي شوتكي == Electronic Transport In Al/a - Se /M Schottky Diodes

Author name: ميادة مطر فضالة
Supervisor name: رامز احمد محمد الانصاري | رعد محمد صالح
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Physics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls - Physics Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تطبيقات مقياس دوبلر الليزري في الاوعية الدموية الدقيقة باستخدام ليزر شبه الموصل 785 نانومتر == Laser Doppler Flowmetry Application In Microcirculation Using 785nm Diode Laser

Author name: مريم محمد عبود الجبوري
Supervisor name: عدنان صالح محمد | علي شكر محمود
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Physics
Degree: Doctorate
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls - Physics Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

دراسة بعض الخصائص الفيزيائية لذرة الكاربون وايوناتها (C++, C+) والايونات المشابهة لها (N+,B - ) في الحالات 1S2 2S2, 1S2 2S2 2P1, 1S2 2S2 2P2 == Study of Some Physical Properties of Carbon Atom , it's ions and the like ions in The States

Author name: وسن علي حسين المشهداني
Supervisor name: خليل هادي البياتي
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Theoretical and Molecular Physics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls - Physics Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

دراسة نظرية للخصائص البصرية لبعض اشباه الموصلات العشوائية في منطقة الامتصاص العالي من حافة الامتصاص البصري == A THEORETICAL STUDY FO THE HIGH ABSORPTION REGION OF THE OPTICAL ABSORPTION EDGE FOR SOME AMORPHOUS SEMICONDUCTORS

Author name: وسن عبد الرحمن خلف
Supervisor name: عبد الله ابراهيم عبو
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Physics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls - Physics Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

تصنيع خلية شمسية من مركبات اكاسيد الكادميوم المرسبة على قواعد من السليكون بتقنية الترذيذ بالبلازما == Fabrication Of CdO/Si Solar Cell By DC Planar Sputtering Technique

Author name: وسن ضياء حسين الشمري
Supervisor name: حامد حافظ الجبوري
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Physics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls - Physics Department
Language: English
University location: Baghdad
First pages:

نبات التبغ مؤشر للتلوث الاشعاعي == Tobacco Plant of Indicator Radiation Contamination

Author name: ورود كريم عبود
Supervisor name: ورود كريم عبود
General topic: Physics
Specific topic: Physics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - College Of Science For Girls - Physics Department
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
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