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دراسة تاثير المخلفات النباتية والحيوانية والفطر الاحيائي Trichoderma viride في مكافحة مرض تعفن جذور الباميا المتسبب عن الفطر Macrophomina phaseolina == A study of effect of plant and animal residues and the bioagent Trichoderma viride in controlling okra root rot disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina

Author name: نور مهدي صالح المالكي
Supervisor name: ضياء سالم علي الوائلي
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This study aimed to use plant and animal residues and bioagent Trichoderma viride against pathogenic fungus Macrophomina phaseolina which caused okra root rot disease in pots and field and to detect the active compounds in okra leaves by GCMS technique.Three pathogenic fungi were isolated from infected plants, they were M.phaseolina , Rhizoctonia solani and Fusarium solani .The fungus M.phaseolina gave the highest percentage of occurance and freguencywhich were 55 and 66.67% .The pathogenicity test showed that M.phaseolina led to decrease germination pereen and increase damping - off up to 20 and 26.67% respectively, compared to control treatment which was 80 and 0% respectively.The results explained that the animal manure (F) , rice (R) and wheat (w) led to increase the germination percent up to 66.67% , 60 and 53.3% respectively compared to control treatment which was 40% , the fresh weight also increased in the same treatments up to 1.36 , 1.25 and 1.28 gm respectively compared to control which was 0.64 gm .It was founed the less infection intensity with M.phaseolina in pots was noticed in the treatment RTv (bioagent +rice) and FTv (bioagent+animal manure), it was 0% compared to control treatment which was 90%, which the highest shoot weight and plant height were noticed in the treatment FTv which were 6.22 gm and 32.03 cmrespectively compared to control which were 1.33 gm and 22.55 cm. The field experiment results revealed that the less infection intensity was observed in the treatment FTv which was 0% compared to control which was 62.22% .The treatment RTv gave a high shoot weight which was 156.11 gm compared to control which was 46.39 gm, while the high plant height was obsrved in the treatments RTv and FTv which were 73.9 and 71.98 gm respectively compared to control which was 40.33 gm. It was also founed that the high plant production was noticed in the treatment RTv and FTv which were 64.53 and 63.10 gm respectively compared to contorl which was 1.44 gm.From the other hand ,the total chlorophyl was noticed in the treatment RTv ,R,FTv,wTv and F which were 1728,224 ,1629.96,1454.442,1377.884 and 1281.168 mgm/100gm fresh weight respectively compared to 359.9 mgm/100gm fresh weight. The results of phenotic compouneds detection in the plant leaves by using GCMS technique revealed a presence of some compouneds such as Pentanol, 1,2,4 Triazole and Cyclohexanol with the treatments RTv,FTv and wTv ,these compouneds were not been recorded in the other treatments.

تاثير بعض المستخلصات والمخلفات النباتية والحيوانية في اصابة نبات اللوبياء Vigna unguiculata بمرض التعفن الفحمي المتسبب عن الفطر Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid. == Effect of some extracts and plant residues and animal manure on charcoal rot disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina(Tassi) Goid

Author name: محمود عودة جعفر
Supervisor name: محمد عامر فياض
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This study was carried out in Plant Protection Department Labs and Fields of Agriculture College, Basrah University during Nov.2013 - 2014 in order to study the effect of leaves extracts of three plant, Conocarpus, Eucalyptus and Cabbege, as well as, the effect of three types of animal manure (cow, sheep and poultry) for reducing charcoal rot disease caused by Macrophomina phaseolina on cowpea.Six isolates of M. phaseolina were isolated from different host at different regions in Basrah Governorate. Pathogenicity test showed that cowpea isolate was the most virulent against cowpea seedling were disease incidence and disease severity reached to 55.8 and 41.0 % respectively.Laboratory experiments revealed that the Alcohol extract of eucalyptus, conocarpus, and cabbage were effective in inhibition of the growth of Macrophomina phaseolina . The percentage of inhibition reached to 62.4, 60.5 and 52.7 % for eucalyptus ,cabbage and conocarpus extracts respectively .In addition the concentration of (1%) (for all extracts) was more effective in inhibition of the growth of fungus M. phaseolina compared to the concentration of 0.5%.The percentage of inhibition was 79.57% and 38.27% respectively. The results of electrophoresis experiment for the different isolates of M. phaseolina proteins showed a variation among the 6 isolates from different plant in the number and location of protein bands.In pots experiment also it was found that animal manure for( cow, sheep and poultry) decreased the incidence and disease severity caused by M. phaseolina as disease incidence and severity reached 77.5 and 75% in treatment of animal manure for cow, poultry compared to 25% in pathogen treatment and the animal manure for sheep was the best in depreciate the percent of infection and severity for fungus which it was 38.3% and 13.8% respectively compared to 81.2% and 33.5% for pathogen treatment while the residues of cabbage leaves gives 45.0% and 13.7% respectively.Field experiment about the effect of some plants residues and animal manure on M. phaseolina explained that all plants residues and animal manure except poultry manure may leads to increase the percentage of germination compared to pathogen treatment and up of germination ratio registered in animal manure(sheep) treatment which it was 98% and in plants residues in cabbage 72% and the results showed that the treatment of conocarpus is the best in depreciate the infection which it was 10.1%and 5.5% respectively compared to 48.2%and 34.4% for pathogen treatment and eucalyptus treatment,animal manure (sheep) registered 19.6%,10.9%,19.9% and 12.5% respectively . It was also noticed that animal manure and plant residues increase NPK content in cowpea leaves, as the content of the leaves of the major nutrients NPK registered, the highest ratio from Nitrogen registered in the treatment of concarpus leaves followed by poultry manure and sheep manure which was 46.6 , 39.1, 38.9 gm/Kg - 1 respectively compared to 31.9 gm/Kg - 1 for pathogen treatment,the highest ratio registrered to Phosphorus in conocarpus leaves treatment which was 3.1 gm/Kg - 1 then poultry manure and sheep manure 2.3 gm/Kg - 1 and 2.1 gm/Kg - 1 respectively compared to 1.5 gm/Kg - 1 for pathogen treatment while the highest ratio to Potassium registered in sheep manure which it was 27.9 gm/Kg - 1 then eucalyptus leaves treatment 25.1 gm/Kg - 1 .

مسح وتشخيص بعض الملقحات الحشرية ومصادر حبوب اللقاح في محافظة ميسان == Survey and Identification Some Pollinators and Pollen Resources in Missan Province

Author name: عقيل عبد الرزاق كريدي
Supervisor name: طه ياسين مهودر العيداني | خالد عبد الرزاق فهيد
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: survey and identification of the most important pollinators were conducted in three locations in Missan province (Amarah, Maymonnh , Almajar alkabir) , for the purpose to survey and identify the most important pollinators in the province,In view of the diversity of plants and insects pollinators the study select three plants , ber tree Ziziphus spina - christi and two crops are alfalfa Medicago sativa and Egyptian clover Trifolium alexenderianum to confine the pollinating insects. Honey bee Apis mellifera be one of the most important pollinator . So pollen sources in the sediment of honey and propolis is studied to identify botanical origin that visited by insects to keep them and provide fingerprint about plant diversity in the province.The study showed the following : 1. there are many insects visiting flowers of ber , alfalfa and clover were some of them are classified to the species level, while others were classified to the generic level such as wild bees Andrena sp. , Megachle sp., Tetralonia sp.And some species belong to family syrphidae such as Eristalis sp. , Syrtta sp. and Syrphus sp..2. Honey bee Apis mellifera is the most common and attracting to the two experiment crops flowers . where on average of 0.978 insects per 3m² during five minutes in alfalfa and 1.2 insects in clover were recorded. the second important is the wild bee Andrena sp. with an average of 0.662 insects in alfalfa and 0.8 in clover. 3. Honey bee were holding maximum quantity of pollen from alfalfa and clover . The average load was 67874 Pollen Grains (PG) was recorded . This quantity may be greater when it's estimated in the bee when they returns to hive .Wild bee Andrena sp. loud of pollen grain counted 54233 PG and ,IIthe wild bee long horn Tetralonia sp. carry about 51664 PG , while the leaf cutter wild bee Megachile sp. and white - banded digger Amegilla quadrifasciata carry 44256 and 38154 PG respectively , The least loud was carried by syrphid fly Eristalis aeneus was 27657 PG in it's gut .4. Honey bee Apis mellifera was the most insect spending time of foraging pollen on clover in average 9.76 second and 8.85 second on clover and alfalfa flowers respectively in the daylight , the next were the miner bee Andrena sp. spending 5.53 sec and 4.32 sec on clover flowers and alfalfa respectively . The white - banded digger wild bee A. quadrifasciata and the leaf cutter wild bee Megachile sp. have not seen visiting clover while they visit alfalfa flowers .5. pollen spectrum in spring and autumn honey sediment was studied , wich showed an important and new sources the tamarisk Tamarix brachystachys that is record the first time as a predominant pollen source , this source rated over than 45% in three sample of spring honey while as known between researchers and bee keepers that spring honey called a Eucalyptus or clover honey. Some weed were also important as pollen sourcessuch as Capparis spinosa , Sonchus oleraceus in addition to Prosopis juliflora and some species of the Families Cruciferae , Compositae and Umbelliferae.6. the light microscope showed that The most important resource of propolis Eucalyptus camaldulensis , Tamarix spp. and Prosopis juliflora

دراسة لمرض لفحة سعف النخيل المتسبب عن الفطر Diplodia phoenicum وبعض الفطريات المرافقة له وامكانية مكافحة المرض كيميائيا واحيائيا == A study of date palm leaflets blight caused by Diplodia phoenicum and some fungi associated with it and the ability of it?s chemical and biological control

Author name: ضرغام صباح لفتة باقر العوفي
Supervisor name: محمد عامر فياض | يحيى عاشور صالح
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This study was carried out at the laboratories of plant protection Department - College of Agriculture - Basrah university for a.peroid during 1/9/2014 - 27/7/2015 . The study aimed to detect the leaflet bligh disease for different datepalm cultivars such as Chipchap ,Sayer , Zehdi and Khodrawi at three regoins, Medainah , Abu Al - khaseeb and Nashwa.The result showed that the infection percent was 86.51, 83.61 and 76.03% at Medainah , Abu Al - khaseeb and Nashwa respectively . The results also showed that the infection intensity was 25.96 , 23.56 and 21.1 % for the three above regoins respectively .The higher infection intensity was noticed on Chipchap culture which was 30% while the lowest one found on Sayer culture which was 23.3% .The infection intensity also differs according to surfaces , it was 76.37 % on the lower surface , while it was 55.55 , 37.91 and 24.34% on the middle ,foot and terminal of leaflet .Leaflet dried and oval pustules which contain the spores of serenomyces phoenicis were recorded as symptoms represented the scorch disease while the other fungi caused yellowish and spotting symptoms sixteen species belonging to 13 genera were isolated from the leaflets , these species were as follows : Chaetomium atrobrunneum , C.globosum , Chalaropsis thielavioides , C.radicicola ,Stemphylium.sp.,Bipolaris australis ,Cladosporium herbarum , Nigrospora sphaerica , Diplodia phoenicis , Phoma glomerata , Fusarium verticillioides , Alternaria alternate ,bA. longipes ,Coniochaete sacchareo , Melanospora sp., andS.phoenicis.Most of of them caused blight disease .Among of them D. phoenicis and S. phoenicis gave scorch symptoms pathogenicity testing .The study epplained that Extract agare was the best medium for A. phoenicis growth ;it was 7 cm , while PCA gave the lowest growth, the fungus growth , the best growth 6.83 cm was noticed on 25 c while the growth stopped on 35 c . PH also effected on the fungus radial growth , it was 4.35 cm at PH4 , while it was 6.57 cm at PH 8 .Tested fungicides revealed significant differences . Dazim and Revus Top inhibited the radial growth in a percent of 100% ,while it reduced to 83.34% with the fungicides Hunter , so Dithane M4S inhibited the radial growth to 54.22% . The biological agent Trichoderma harzianum antagonists with D. phoenicis in the alevel 1,P. fluorescence also inhibited D. phoenicis in a percent OF 100%.The field experiment revealed that pa fluorescence reduced infection intensity to 50% , while Dazim biological agent T. harzianum treatment were the lowest treatment in reducing the infection intensity which reduced to 4.1 and 6.3 respectively .

المكافحة الاحيائية لمرض الذبول الفيوزارمي في الطماطا المتسبب عن الفطر Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici باستخدام الفطر Trichoderma harzianum وفطر المايكورايزا Glomus mosseae == Biological control of tomato Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum fsp.lycopersici by using Trichoderma harzianum and mycorrhiza Glomus mosseae

Author name: سلام نجم عبود الاسدي
Supervisor name: يحيى عاشور صالح
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة في مختبرات قسم وقاية النبات /كلية الزراعة / جامعة البصرة خلال الفترة من 1/11/ 2015 الى 1/6/2016 لتقييم كفاءة فطر المايكورايزا G. mosseae والعامل الاحيائي T.harzianum في مكافحة مرض الذبول الفيوزارمي لنبات الطماطا المتسبب عن الفطر Fusarium oxysporum fsp.lycopersici . اظهرت النتائج دور العامل الاحيائي في تثبيط نمو الفطر الممرض بطريقة الزراعة المزدوجة حيث كان التضاد من الدرجة 1 حسب مقياس Bell . كما اظهر راشح الفطر الاحيائي T.harzianum تفوقوااضحا في تثبيط نمو الفطر الممرض . اوضحت نتائج تاثير فطر المايكورايزا G.mosseae والعامل الاحيائي T.harzianum والتداخل بينهما في انبات البذور ونمو نبات الطماطا ( تجربة الاصص) وجود فرق معنوي في النسبة المئوية لا نبات البذور ، اما في ما يخص اطوال النبات بعد ستة اسابيع من الانبات فقد اشارت النتائج الى وجود فروق معنوية بين المعاملات حيث بلغت اطوال النباتات 4.55 و18.22 و14.44 و18.00 و15.33 و15.44 و15.55 سم على التوالي للمعاملات Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.lycopersici(f) وTrichoderma harzianum(T.h) وGlomus mosseae(G.m) ومعاملة التداخل بين العامل الاحيائي وفطر المايكورايزا GT ومعاملة التداخل بين فطر الممرض وفطر المايكورايزا GF ومعاملة التداخل بين العامل الاحيائي وفطر الممرض TF ومعاملة التداخل بين العامل الاحيائي وفطر المايكورايزواالفطر الممرضر GTFقياسا بمعاملة المقارنة التي بلغت 12.33 سم ، وكان اكثر الفطريات تاثيرا في زيادة اطوال النباتات العامل الاحيائي T.harzianum كما حقق التداخل بين العامل الاحيائي T.harzianum وفطر المايكورايزا G.mosseae زيادة معنوية في الوزن الطري للمجموعين الخضري والجذري حيث بلغ الوزن الطري للمجموعين الخضري والجذري 6.27 و0.72 غم على التوالي قياسا بمعاملة المقارنة التي بلغ الوزن الطري للمجموعين الخضري والجذري فيها 2.83 و0.51 غم على التوالي . اما التجربة الحقلية فقد اظهرت نتائجهواجود فروق معنوية في شدة الاصابة بالفطر الممرض حيث كانت اقل شدة اصابة في المعاملة التداخل بين فطر المايكورايزواالفطر الممرض GF اذ بلغت 22.21% تلتها المعاملات TF وGTF حيث بلغت شدة الاصابة فيها 27.77 و35.01% على التوالي قياسا بمعاملة المقارنة البالغة 48.02% ، اما اطوال النبات فقد ازداد بشكل معنوي في المعاملة GTF اذ بلغت 72.1 سم والتي تفوقت بفروقات معنوية عالية تلتها المعاملات GT وG وGF وT اذ بلغت 69.9 و68.9 و65.4 و63.8 سم على التوالي اذ اختلفت معنويا عن معاملة المقارنة التي بلغت 55.3 سم ومعاملة الفطر الممرض البالغة 47.2 سم ، وكان اعلى وزن طري للمجموع الخضري في المعاملة TF اذ بلغت 40.0 غم تلتها المعاملات GF وG وGTF وGT حيث بلغ الوزن الطري لها 35.0 و34.5 و32.3 و30.0 و29.7 غم / نبات والتي اختلفت معنويا عن معاملتي المقارنة والفطر الممرض اذ بلغت 17.33 و13.7 غم . وان اعلى زيادة في الوزن الطري للمجموع الجذري بلغت 29.53غم لمعاملة المايكورايزا G.mosseae والتي اختلفت معنويا عن معاملة المقارنة البالغة 17.7 غم . اشارت النتائج الى دور فطر المايكورايزا G.mosseae في زيادة وزن حاصل الثمار اذ بلغ الوزن 3.067 كغم / نبات قياسا بمعاملة المقارنة التي بلغت 1.630 كغم / نبات وبفارق معنوي ، وبينت النتائج دور فطر المايكورايزواالعامل الاحيائي في زيادة الفعالية الانزيمية لا نزيم البيروكسديز فقد اعطت معاملة فطر المايكورايزا G.mosseae اعلى نسبة اذ بلغت 1.710 وحدة / غم وزن رطب وقد اختلفت معنويا عن معاملة المقارنة البالغة 0.510 وحدة / غم وزن رطب .اوضحت نتائج التجربة الحقلية ايضا كفاءة العامل الاحيائي وفطر المايكورايزا في زيادة كمية الفسفور في نباتات الطماطا حيث بلغت اعلى نسبة للفسفور في معاملة التداخل GF حيث بلغت 38.93 ملغم / كغم تلتها المعاملات G وT وGT وGTF وTF وF اذ بلغت نسبة الفسفور فيها 38.44 و28.93 و28.93 و26.58 و23.91 و13.25 ملغم / كغم على التوالي قياسا بمعاملة المقارنة اذ بلغت 21.23 ملغم / كغم. وبينت النتائج دور فطر المايكورايزا G.mosseae والعامل الاحيائي T.harzianum في زيادة نسبة وشدة اصابة الجذور حيث بلغت اعلى نسبة وشدة اصابة لمعاملة التداخل GT 66 و58% على التوالي وقد تفوقت بفروقات معنوية عالية تلتها المعاملات G وGTF وGF حيث بلغت نسبة وشدة الاصابة فيها 38.00 و36.66% و37.66 و34 % و31.33 و32.00% على التوالي . وبينت النتائج ايضواجود فروقات معنوية في عدد ابواغ فطر المايكورايزا G.mosseae حيث بلغ اعلى عدد للابواغ 45.83 بوغ / نبات في معاملة التداخل GT تلتها المعاملات GF وG وGTF حيث بلغ عدد الابواغ فيها 29.16 و22.50 و16.66 بوغ / نبات . | This study was conducted in the laboratories of the Department of Plant Protection , College of Agriculture , University of Basra .during the period from 1/11/2015 - 1/6/2016 ,to evaluate the interaction efficiency between Glomus.mosseae and bio agent Trichoderma.harzianum against tomato fusarium wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp lycopersici . .The results showed the role of T.harzianum in inhibiting the growth of pathogenic fungus where the antagonism degree is of class 1 according to Bell scale. Also it showed that T.harzianum exaudate inhibited the growth of pathogen. The results also explained a significant effect of mycorrhiza G.mosseae and T.harzianum and their interaction on seed germination percent and growth of tomato plant (pots experience) , As regards to the lengths of the plants after six weeks from germination the results indicated a significant difference among the treatments , the lengths of plants reached 4.55 ,18.22 , 14.44, 18.00, 15.33, 15.44, 15.55, cm for the treatments , F, T ,M, MT , MF , TF and MTF, respectively compared to control which amounted to 12.33 cm ,T.harzianum led to increase the lengths of Plant significantly .The interaction between T harzianum and G.mosseae (TM ) also led to increase the fresh weight in comparison with control which reached respectively 2.83 and 0.51. The field experiment results showed significant differences in the severity of the infection with pathogen where the less severe of the infection was found in the treatment MF which was 22.21 % followed by TF and MTF treatments which were 27.77 and 35.01% respectively. The plant lengths also significantly increased , it reached 72.1 cm in the treatment MTF followed by the treatment MT , M , MF and T which reached 69.9, 68.9 , 65.4 and 63.8 respectively , which they significantly differed with control and pathogen treatments which were 55.3 and 47.2 cm respectively . The treatment TF led to increase the shoot fresh weight up to 40.0 gm. , followed by MF , M,T, MTF and MT which were 35.0, 34.5 , 32.3 , 30.0 and 29.7 which significantly differed with control and pathogen treatment which reached 17.33 and 13.7 respectively . The root fresh weight also increased when G.mosseae was used , it reached 29.53 gm. compared with control (17.7 gm.).The results indicated the role of G.mosseae in increasing fruit weight which reached 3.067 kg Plant compared with control which was 1.630 kg/plant .The results also showed the role of G.mosseae in increasing the enzymatic activity of peroxidase which reached 1.710 unit/gm. Compared to control which reached 0.510 unit/ gm wet weight . The results of field experiment also revealed that T.harzianum and G.mossese increased the amount of phosphor in tomato Plants in a percent of 38.93 , 38.44 , 28.93 , 28.93 , 26.58 , and 23.91 mg / kg for the treatment MF , M , T , MT , MTF and TF respectively in with comparison with control which was 21.23 mg / kg. From other hand , the interaction between G.mosseae and T.harzianum led to increase the root infection percent and infection up to 66 and 58% respectively the treatment M, MTF , MF as they were 38.00 , 36.66% 37.66 , 34% 31.33 , 32.00% . Finaly the results elucidate that the interaction between G.mosseae and T.harzianum led to increase the number of spores of G.mosseae reaching to 45.83 spore/ plant followed by the treatment M , MTF , MF , which gave 29.16 , 22.50 , and 16.66 , spores / plant respectively

عزل وتشخيص الفطريات المصاحبة للحامول Cuscuta spp. في البصر وامكانية مكافحته كيميائيا وحيويا == Isolation and Identification of fungi associated with dodder Cuscuta spp in Basrah and evaluation its biological and chemical control

Author name: بيداء غازي عوفي التميمي
Supervisor name: يحيى عاشور صالح | طه ياسين مهودر العيدان
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: The present study has been conducted at the labs. Of plant protection department , and the fields of Agriculture College/ Basra university to determine the potentiality of dodder (Cuscuta planiflora Ten.) integrated control on Alfalfa plant (Medicago sativa L.) at Basra governorate.Results proued a wide range for dodder hosts , which were 38 different plant families , including three new records in Iraq which were conocarpus ; radish and leek.Twenty six different fungal species belong to twelve different genera have been180 lated from dodder stem; flower ,as well as seeds, with special emphasize on the following species : Exserohilum rostratum Bipolaris bicolar, Altrenraia longipes, A.tenuissima , Acremonium restrictum ,Bipolaris australliensis, Cladosporium oxysporiumA new record on dodder in Iraq . Hence , two species were isolated for first time in the world which were E.rostratum and B.bicolarFour different fungal species (A.terreus , E.rostratum , T. viride , A.alternata and B.bicolar ) Showed strong in hibition for dodder seed germination which were 10; 13.4 ; 16.7 and 23.4%, respectively .Fungal cultural filtrates results proved that the highest seed germination inhibition were observed at the treatments of Tricoderma viride ,Which were 38.7, 38.4 and 43.8%, respectively, while the lowest inhibition percentage was seen at E.rostratum culture filtrate treatment (13.4%) .Regarding the effect of pesticides treatments , the lowest seed germination of dodder was observed at Glyphosate treatment (36%), while a percent of 9.4% was seen at kerb pesticide .The analysis of GC - MS results revealed the existence of sereval compounds while believed to be a potential inhibitors on dodder seed germination ,such as 1,4 - Dioxin,2,3 - dihydro - 5,6 - dimethyl ,Diacetic acid , Benzoic acid ,As well as ,Ascorbic acid and a group of fatty acids.Pot results showed that the highest hight of Alfalfa plant was observed at dodder with glyphosate 350ppm treatment which was 27.56cm, hence ,the lowest average (15.34cm) was seen at dodder treatment .the highest leavesSummarynumber were observed at dodder with T.viride treatment which were 25 leaf / plant ,respectively, while , the lowest leaves number (16.78 leaf / plant )was reported at alfalfa with dodder treatment . Regarding , Alfalfa tilling parameter .the hight value was reported at dodder with T.viride with glyphosate treatment (9 tillers ) , hence ,the lowest one ( 5 tillers ) was observed at alfalfa and dodder treatment (5tillers). statistical analysis revealed that low the highest dodder severity index was observed at Alfalfa with dodder + T.viride+350 ppm of pesticide treatment (73.34%) while the lowest seventy percentage (0%) was seen at Alfalfa with dodder treatment .Field experiments showed that the highest Alfalfa hight was observed in dodder with glyphosate 350 ppm treatment (30cm), the lowest height was reported at Alfalfa with dodder treatment (21.34cm).Regaling the leaf number per plant ,Our result that the treatment of Alfalfa+dodder with T.viride showed the highest average (28.67 leaf/plant ) the lowest leaf number was observed at Alfalfa with dodder treatment (13.34 leaf/plant ).Tillering analysis proved that the treatment of dodder with T.viride scored the highest average (9tillers/plant ) , while the lowest average (5.34tillers/plant) was observed at the treatment of Alfalfa with dodder. The highest severity percentage on dodder was reported at dodder with E.rostratum +glyphosate 350ppm (100%) while the lowest percent (0%) was seen at dodder treatment .

دراسة مرض الرقعة الفارغة المتسبب عن الفطر Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn في حقول الحنطة شمال محافظة البصرة ومكافحته احيائيا وكيميائيا == A study bare patch disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn on wheat in fields at North of Basrah and its biological and chemical control

Author name: ابتهال رياض مكطوف المعارج
Supervisor name: يحيى عاشور صالح
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Diseases
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This study was carried out in the laboratories of Plant Protection Department / Agriculture College / University of Basrah, while the field experiment has been done at the fields of wheat in, Qurna, North of Basrah during the season of 2013 - 2014. in orderd to know the causal agent of the wheat death and stunting phenomena. The results of isolation, identification and pathogenicity test revealed that Rhizoctonia solani was the causal pathogen agent of wheat bare patch disease. The evaluation of efficiency of Trichoderma harzianum and Moncut fungicide and their interaction were done. The study showed that bare patch disease spread in all fields in Qurna and some fields in Mudainah. The highest percentage of disease incidence was recorded in Jurf - Alsakher which was 7.9%, while the lowest percentage was recorded in Nahr Salih fields which was 2.1% . Pathogenicity test showed that the isolate Rs1 which was isolated from Qurna - Mzeraa was more virulent than Rs2 isolate which was isolated from Jurf - Alsakher. Results also explained that 25ºC and pH 5 were the best temperature and pH values for the growth of the fungus. On the other hand it was found that both isolates RS1 and RS2 were able to grow at high salinity ranges from 6 - 16 ds.m - 1.The results also showed that the bioagent T. harzianum has a high antagonistic ability against isolates of R.solani (Rs1 and Rs2) with antagonism degree reached (1) according to Bell scale . It's also found that both isolates give positive detection for cellulase , protease and polyphenol oxidase enzymes, while they gave negative detection for lipase . It is also noticed that culture filtrate of Rs1 and Rs2 treated or non - treated with heat effected on seed germination and reduced the percentage to 0% compared to 100% in control treatment.BThe laboratorial experiments revealed that Moncut fungicide was the most effective among all tested fungicides , the growth inhibition reached 50.55 and 42.22% for Rs1 and Rs2 isolates respectively, and 7.33% for T. harzianum . On the other hand the concentrations of 150 and 200 ppm of Moncut fungicide were most effective among all concentrations to inhibit growth of RS1 and RS2 isolates on PDA, which reached 62.2, 66.3, 75.7 and 80.9% for both isolates and concentrations respectively.Pot experiment elucidated that the treatment of T. harzianum + Moncut + RS1 or RS2 increased wheat seeds germination up to 74.7 and 60.35% respectively compared to 41 and 29.6% for R1 and R2 alone respectively. It is also found that T+M+R1 and T+M+R2 reduced seed decay to 26.3 and 31.6 respectively compared to 59 and 71.33% for treatments R1 and R2 respectively, also they increased the number of offshoots, plant height, fresh and dry weight for shoot and root systems.Field experiment results revealed that the treatment T+M+R1 and T+M+R2 led to increase seed germination percentage and reduced seed decay percentage to 89.67, 10.33, 82.0 and 12.0% respectively compared to 50, 45.33, 50 and 54.67 for treatments R1 and R2 alone. It's also observed that T+M+R1 and T+M+R2 increased off shoot number , plant height , fresh and dry weight for both shoots and root system which reached 7.2, 6.6, 59.66, 55.89, 25.16, 22.56, 2.76, 2.42, 6.49, 6.37, 0.59, 0.66 respectively in comparison with the treatments of R1 and R2 alone which were 4.4, 4.1,41, 38.33, 10.86, 9.51, 1.28, 1.02, 2.67, 2.55, 0.29,0.23 respectively. Also, these treatments gave best number of spikes which was 476.4 and 461.3 spike/m2 respectively. From other hand the number of seeds also increased it reached 39.67 and 34.7 seed/spike respectively, These treatments also led to increase the weight of 1000 seeds up to 41 and 39.27 gm respectively compared to the pathogen treatments R1 and R2 alon

التشخيص المظهري والجزيئي لانواع الفطرFusarium المرافقة لجذور الطماطا باستخدام تقانة التفاعل السلسلي للبوليمريز Polymerase Chain Reaction == Phenotypic and molecular Identification of Fusarium species associated with the roots of Tomato using Polymerase Chain Reaction technique

Author name: ايمان صباح عبد الامير الجعفري
Supervisor name: محمد عامر فياض | عدنان عيسى البدران
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Diseases
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت هذه الدراسة في كلية الزراعة ، جامعة البصرة للمدة من 2010 - 2011 بهدف تشخيص انواع الفطر Fusarium spp المعزولة من جذور وقواعد سيقان نبات الطماطا مختبريا باستخدام الصفات المظهرية وباستخدام تقنية Polymerase Chain Reaction واجراء بعض الدراسات حول بعض العوامل البيئية المؤثرة في نموها ، اظهرت نتائج العزل والتشخيص للفطريات التي عزلت من جذور نباتات الطماطا التي حصل عليها من مناطق مختلفة من العراق انها تعود الى الفطر Fusarium فضلا عن Monilinia sp ، وفي دراسة تاثير درجة الحرارة في نمو خمس عزلات وجد ان جميع العزلات لا تنمو عند درجة الحرارة المنخفضة البالغة 5 م ودرجة الحرارة المرتفعة البالغة 40 م في حين كان معدل النمو للعزلتين IBR1 Fusarium oxysporum وISM Fusarium oxysporum 9 سم في درجة الحرارة 25 م والتي اختلفت معنويا عن العزلتين IKR Fusarium proliferatum وISF Fusarium oxysporum البالغة 8.5 سم وعن العزلة IAM Fusarium sp البالغة 8 سم ، واظهرت النتائج ان افضل نمو حصل عند pH 7 حيث بلغ نمو العزلة ISF 8.8 سم الذي اختلف معنويا عن العزلات IAM وIBR1 وIKR وISM البالغة 8 و8.3 و8 و8.7 سم على التوالي ، كما اظهرت دراسة اختزال النترات ان العزلة IAM بلغ معدل نموها 0.0 سم مقارنة مع النمو الضعيف لبقية العزلات IBR1 وIKR وISM وISM البالغ 4.5 و3 و3 و3.5 على التوالي ، وعند اختبار اوساط غذائية مختلفة (PDA وCMA وPCA وTJM ) وجد ان افضل نمو لجميع العزلات على الوسط PDA حيث بلغ 8.6 سم ويليه الوسط CMA البالغ 8.2 سم ثم الاوساط TJM وPCA 8 و7.4 سم على التوالي ، كما اظهرت نتائج تجربة تاثير المبيد Carbindazim ان العزلات ISF وIKM وIBR1 وIBR2 وICH2 اظهرت مقاومة للتراكيز العالية من المبيد التي وصلت الى 1000 مايكروغرام / مل ، وفي تجارب الاصص اظهرت النتائج ان العزلة IBR1 اشد العزلات تاثيرا في معدل نسبة الانبات في اصناف الطماطا البالغة 78.5% مقارنـة مع بقية العزلات IAM وIKR وISF وISM البالغة 80 و85.7 و87.6 و91.4 % على التوالي ، كما اثرت عزلة الفطر IBR1 في نسبة موت البادرات حيث بلغت نسبة موت البادرات 19.5 % في حين بلغت في العزلات IAM وIKR وISF وISM البالغة 13.3 و15.9 و13.6 و8.5 % على التوالي ، كما اظهرت نتائج استجابة اصناف الطماطا المختلفة للاصابة بعزلات الفطر Fusarium ان الصنف PS02405099 اكثر الاصناف حساسية حيث بلغ معدل نسبة الاصابة وشدتها 82.6 و48.3 % على التوالي ، بينما الصنف Bingo F1 اقل الاصناف تاثرا حيث بلغ معدل نسبة الاصابة وشدتها 64.6 و25.1 % على التوالي . كما اظهرت نتائج التجربة الحقلية ان اصناف الطماطا تختلف في استجابتها للاصابة الفطر Fusarium المختلفة حيث ظهر ان الصنف PS02405099 اكثر الاصناف حساسية للفطر حيث بلغ معدل نسبة الاصابة وشدتها 79.9 و46.8 % على التوالي في حين كان الصنف Bingo F1 اقل الاصناف حساسية حيث بلغت نسبة الاصابة وشدتها 63.9 و25.5 % على التوالي . كما اظهرت نتائج تاثير عزلات الفطر Fusarium في الوزن الطري للمجموعين الجذري والخضري ان الصنف PS02405099 اكثر الاصناف تاثرا بعزلات الفطر اذ بلغ معدل الوزن الطري للمجموعين الجذري والخضري 1.0 و26.2 غم على التوالي ، بينما اقل الاصناف تاثرا Bingo F1 اذ بلغ معدلهما على 2.56 و42.39 غم على التوالي كما ظهر ان عزلة الفطر IBR1 اكثر العزلات تاثيرا على اصناف الطماطا حيث بلغ معدل الوزن الطري للمجموعين الجذري والخضري 1.2 و28.4 غم على التوالي ، كما اظهرت نتائج تاثير العزلات في الوزن الجاف للمجموعين الجذري والخضري ان الصنف PS02405099 اكثر الاصناف تاثيرا بعزلات الفطر حيث بلغ معدل الوزن الجاف للمجموعين الجذري والخضري 0.2 و6.8 غم على التوالي بينما كان الصنف F1 Bingo اقلها تاثيرا حيث بلغ معدلهما 1.7 و9.2 غم على التوالي كمواجد ان العزلة IBR1 اكثر العزلات تاثيرا في اصناف الطماطا المختلفة حيث بلغ معدل تاثيرها في الوزن الجاف للمجموعين الجذري والخضري 0.8 و5.8 غم على التوالي . كما اظهر التشخيص الجزيئي لانواع الفطر Fusarium عند استخدام تقنية تفاعل البلمرة المتسلسل PCR - RAPD باستعمال البادئات الوراثية (OPA - 02 وOPB - 20 وOPF - 05) وSatellite باستعمال البادئات (M13 وCNS1 ) نتائج ايجابية مع 15 عزلة من الفطريات المعزولة من جذور وقواعد سيقان نباتات الطماطا من مناطق مختلفة من العراق والصين ونجح كل بادئ وراثي في التمييز بين عزلات انواع الفطر Fusarium كما اظهرت التشابه الوراثي بين ازواج الحزم لعزلا ت انواع الفطر Fusarium spp المعزولة من العراق والصين البالغة 15 عزلة وجود ستة افرع وخمس مجاميع تمثل الفرع الاول بالعزلة IZE(9) المتمثلة بالفرع Monilinia fructicola والتي استخدمت كعزلة خارجية للمقارنة، وتمثل الفرع الثاني بالمجموعة الاولى التي تتمثل بالعزلة ICH4 (M4) والمتضمنة النوع Fusarium kyushuense وتمثل الفرع الثالث بالمجموعة الثانية المتمثلة بالعزلة ICH2 (M2) المتمثلة بالنوع Fusarium chlamydosporum ، تمثل الفرع الرابع بالمجموعة الثالثة التي تتمثل بالعزلات)IKR 2) وIKM (8) وIBR2 (11) تتضمن النوع Fusarium solani ، كما تمثل الفرع الخامس بالمجموعة الرابعة المتمثلة بالعزلات ICH1(M1) وICH3(M3) وINJ(12) والمتمثلة بالنوع Fusarium moniliforme ، بينما تمثل الفرع السادس بالمجموعة الخامسة المتضمنة العزلات IAM(3) وIAB (7) وILH (6) وISM (5) ISF (1) IBR1(10) والمتمثلة بالنوع Fusarium oxysporum . | This study was conducted at the College of Agriculture - University of Basrah during the period 2010 - 2011 in order to identify the Species of fungus Fusarium isolated from the roots and stems of the plant Tomato laboratory using morphological characteristics and using the Polymerase Chain Reaction technique and work some experments on some environmental factors affecting its growth. The results of isolation and identify of fungi isolated from the roots of Tomato obtained from different parts of Iraq as belonging to the Fusarium species in addition to the type Monilinia sp. In a study of the effect of temperature on the growth of five isolates found that all the isolates did not grow at the low grade of the 5 ° C and the high degree of 40 ° C while the growth of the Isolates Fusarium oxysporum IBR1 and Fusarium oxysporum ISM 9 cm at Temperature 25 ° C, which differed significantly from Isolates Fusarium proliferatum IKR and Fusarium oxysporum ISF of 8.5 cm and isolation IAM of 8 cm. PH experiment also showed that the best growth Obtained in the pH 7, where growth was isolated ISF 8.8 cm, which differed significantly from isolates and IBR1 IAM and ISM IKR and the 8 and 8 and 8.3 and 8.7 cm respectively. The study showed that the nitrate reductase isolated IAM growth rate of the 0.0 cm compared with the weak growth in the rest of the isolates and IBR1 IKR and ISM and ISM of 4.5, 3, 3 and 3.5, respectively. When tested the differents media (PDA and CMA and PCA and TJM) found that the best growth of all isolates on PDA, Reaching was 8.6 cm, followed CMA of 8.2 and then media TJM and PCA 8 and 7.4 cm respectively. The experiment results showed that the effect of the pesticide Carbindazim, isolates ISF, IKM, IBR1, IBR2 and ICH2 showed resistance to high concentrations of the pesticide, which reached to 1000 micro g / ml. In pot experiments the results showed that the isolated fungus spp Fusarium IBR1 isolates were more influential in the rate of germination percentage in classes Tomato amount of 78.5% compared with the IAM and the rest of the isolates IKR and ISF ISM and 80 and 85.7 and 87.6 and 91.4% respectively. The isolation of the affected IBR1 on the proportion of seedling death where the percentage of seedling death of 19.5% while the isolates in the IAM and IKR and ISF ISM and the amount of 13.3 and 15.9 and 13.6 and 8.5% respectively. The results of the response Varieties Tomato different of infection isolates Species of fungus Fusarium that product PS02405099 more species sensitivity, where the rate of incidence and severity of 82.6 and 48.3% respectively, while the product was Bingo F1 less varieties affected with an average incidence and severity of 64.6 and 25.1% respectively . Results of field testing the Varieties Tomato differ in their response to infection isolate fungus Fusarium different showed its PS02405099, the most sensitive to the, where the rate of incidence and severity of 79.9 and 46.8% respectively, while the product was Bingo F1 less species sensitivity, where the percentage of infection and intensity of 63.9 and 25.5% respectively. The results showed the impact of isolates fungus Fusarium on the fresh weight of shoot root and vegetation that product PS02405099, the most affected isoltes, with an average fresh weight of shoot root and vegetative 1.0 and 26.2 g respectively, while fewer species affected Bingo F1 as it was average 2.56 and 42.39 gm respectively, as shown by the isolation of the fungus isolates IBR1 more influential varieties Tomato with an average fresh weight of root and vegetative shoot 1.2 and 28.4 g respectively. The results showed the impact of the isolates on the dry weight of shoot root and vegetation where he showed I class PS02405099 brand, the most influential isolates with an average dry weight of shoot root and vegetative 0.2 and 6.8 g respectively, while the product was Bingo F1 shallowest reaching shoot 1.7 and 9.2 g respectively also found that isolation isolates IBR1 more influence on the different varieties Tomato with an average impact on the dry weight of root and vegetative shoot 0.8 and 5.8 g respectively. Also showed a molecular identify of the species of fungus Fusarium spp when using the technique polymerase chain reaction RAPD - PCR using primers genetic (OPA - 02 and OPB - 20 and OPF - 05) primers and by Satellite - PCR with (M13, and CNs1) primers positive results with 15 isolates of fungi isolated from roots and bases stem Tomato from different regions of Iraq and China, succeeded each first hereditary in the discrimination between isolates species of fungus Fusarium also showed a genetic similarity between pairs of packets for isolated species of fungus Fusarium spp isolated from Iraq and China of 15 isolated and the presence of six branches and five groups represent the first section isolation IZE (9) of section Monilinia fructicola and used external comparison, and a second section the first set, which is isolated ICH4 (M4) and included the type Fusarium kyushuense and represents the third branch the second set of isolated ICH2 (M2) of species Fusarium chlamydosporum, representing Section IV Group C, which is isolates IKR(2) and IKM (8) and IBR2 (11) include the species Fusarium solani, is also a section V Group D of isolates ICH1 (M1) and ICH3 (M3) and INJ (12) and of species Fusarium moniliforme, while the section VI Group E isolates included IAM (3) and the IAB (7) and the ILH (6) and ISM (5) ISF (1) IBR1 (10) and the species of Fusarium oxysporum

دراسة تاثير بعض العوامل الاحيائية والكيميائية في الفطريات المعزولة من جذور قرع الكوسة مختبريا وفي تحسين نمو وانتاجية المحصول وحماية الثمار من الاصابة بالفطر Rhizopus stolonifer == A Study of Effect of Some Biological And Chemical Agents on Fungi Isolated From Squash Roots In Laboratory And Improvement of Crop Growth And Production And Protection of Fruits From Infection By Rhizopus Stolonifer

Author name: علي فاهم محمد الحجازي
Supervisor name: ضياء سالم علي الوائلي
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: تضمنت هذه الدراسة اجراء مسح حقلي لمرض تعفن جذور وساق وثمار قرع الكوسة للفترة من 10/12 /2008 الى 18/12 /2008 وعزل وتشخيص مسببات المرض واجراء بعض الدراسات المختبرية البيئية للمسببات.اوضح المسح الحقلي انتشار مرض التعفن في مزارع محافظة بابل وكانت اعلى نسبة ا | The present study includes a field survey of root, stem and fruit rot in squash from 102008/12/ to 18/ 2008/ 12 in addition to isolating and identify the causes of the disease. Some environmental lab tests are conducted to pathogens. The results of the st

الكشف النوعي عن مركبات الايض الثانوي للبكتريا Pseudomonas fluorescens pf - DS بالكروموتوكرافي وGCMS وتقويم كفاءتها في مكافحة فطريات ونيماتودا جذور الباذنجان مختبريا وحقليا == Quality Detection of Secondary Metabolites Compounds of Pseudomonas Fluorescens Pf - DS By Chromatography And Gcms And Evaluated Their Efficiency Against Fungi And Nematodes on Eggplant Roots In Laboratory And Field

Author name: صباح صافي جاسم الديري
Supervisor name: ضياء سالم علي الوائلي
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Diseases
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: هدفت الدراسة الى امكانية تصنيع مستحضر احيائي من البكتريا pf. DS fluorescens Pseudomonas وتطبيقه في مكافحة مرض تعفن جذور الباذنجان المتسبب عن الفطرين solani Fusarium وRhizoctonia solani والنيماتودا javanica Meloidogyne والكشف عن المركبات الفعالة التي تنتجه | This study has been conducted to evaluate the applicability of bioformulation of bacteria Pseudomonas flourescens Pf - DS and there efficiency in biological control of root rot disease in eggplant which caused by Fusarium solani and Rhizoctonia solani an

دراسة تصنيفية وبيئية لبعض انواع المن (Hemiptera : Aphididae) مع الاشارة الى الكفاءة الافتراسية لنوعين من الدعاسيق في محافظة البصرة == A Taxonomical And Ecological Study of Some Species of Aphids (Hemiptera : Aphididae) And Estimatey Predaition Efficiency For Two Ladybird on Them In Basrah

Author name: خالد جابر عبد الرزاق الحسيناوي
Supervisor name: علاء صبيح جبار المعيدي | اياد عبد الوهاب عبد القادر
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت دراسة تصنيفية وبيئية لانواع المن واشارة الى الكفاءة الافتراسية لنوعين من الدعاسيق المفترسة في عشر مناطق في محافظة البصرة وهي (ابي الخصيب, الزبير, مركز المحافظة, البراضعية,, شط العرب, محطة ابحاث كلية الزراعة, الهارثة, الدير,القرنة, المدينة) خلال ا | The study was applied to search ecological and taxonomical of species of aphid and indication Predation Efficiency to Two predator species during 2010 - 2011 of studied for 10 areas of Basrah province : Alzubair,Abo Al khaseeb,Shaat alarab, Qurna, Almdin

استخدام التغذية كبدائل ومكملات حبوب اللقاح في النشاط الحيوي لطوائف نحل العسل Apis mellifera L في محافظة البصرة == The Use of Nutrition As An Alternative And Complementary of Pollen Grain on The Biological Activity of Honey Bee Colonies Apis Mellifera L In Basrah Province

Author name: محمد مهدي مزعل الديراوي
Supervisor name: علاء صبيح جبار المعيدي
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: اجريت دراسة حقلية ومختبريه حول تاثير بعض بدائل ومكملات حبوب اللقاح في النشاط الحيوي 2011 واوضحت النتائج : - لطوائف نحل العسل في محافظة البصرة للاعوام 2010 ان اعلى معدل للشغالات انجذب لحبوب اللقاح الجافة وبلغ 46.83 شغالة / ساعتين واقل معدل انجذب لمسحوق الب | A field and laboratory studies were performed to determine the effect of some alternative and complementary of pollen grain on the activity of honey hives in Basra province during the years of 2010 - 2012. The results of the current study showed that the

دراسة مرض خياس طلع النخيل المتسبب عن الفطرين Fusarium spp. وMauginiella scaettae Cav. وامكانية مكافحته كيميائيا واحيائيا == A Study of Inflorescence Rot Caused by Fusarium spp. and Mauginiella scaettae Cav. and its Biological and Chemical Control

Author name: براء مالك مردان البدران
Supervisor name: محمد عامر فياض
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Diseases
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

تاثير الاشعة فوق البنفسجية في امراضية الفطر Rhizoctonia Solani Kühn المسبب لمرض موت البادرات ومقاومته احيائيا وكيميائيا == Effect of Ultraviolet light on pathogenecity of Rhizoctonia solani Kühn the causing agent of damping - off and it?s biological and chemical control

Author name: سكينة عبد علي عبود المادح
Supervisor name: يحيى عاشور صالح | ناجي سالم جاسم
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

دراسة مرض تعفن جذور وقواعد سيقان محصول الباقلاء المتسبب عن الفطر Rhizoctonia Solani (Kuhn) في محافظة البصرة ومكافحته احيائيا وكيميائيا == A Study on Root and Stalk Rot Disease of Broad Bean caused by Rhizoctonia solani (Kuhn) In Basrah and it's Biological and Chemical control

Author name: ناجي سالم جاسم
Supervisor name: محمد عامر فياض | كاظم جاسم حمادي
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Diseases
Degree: Doctorate
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

دراسة تشخيصية وبيئية لحشرة الارضة (Isoptera;Insecta) في محافظة البصرة ومكافحتها كيميائيا واحيائيا

Author name: فيصل ناصر جابر السكيني
Supervisor name: علاء صبيح جبار المعيدي | اياد عبد الوهاب عبد القادر
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

دراسة تشخيص وتواجد لعائلتي القراد الصلب Lxodidae والقراد اللين Argasidae على بعض الحيوانات الاقتصادية في محافظة البصرة

Author name: غزوان فيصل خلف الساعدي
Supervisor name: علاء صبيح جبار المعيدي | اياد عبد الوهاب عبد القادر
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

دراسة بيئية ومكافحة متكاملة لذبابة القرعيات الكبرى Dacus Longistylus (Wiedeman) على نبات البطيخ في البصرة (Diptera : Tephritidae) == Environmental Study And An Integrated Control For Dacus Iongistylus (Wiedeman) (Tephritidae : Diptera)Rate On melons Plant In Some Areas Of The Province Of Basrah

Author name: عبود خلف مجدي
Supervisor name: ضياء سالم علي الوائلي | ایاد عبد الوھاب عبد القادر
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

تاثير بعض المستخلصات النباتية في الاداء الحياتي لعثة الشمع الكبرى Galleria Mellonella L. واستخدام فرمون الجنس في مكافحتها == Effect of some plant Extract on the Biological Performance of the Greater Wax Moth ( Galleria mellonella L. ) And using sex pheromone In its? control

Author name: لفتة عوض عطشان الحجامي
Supervisor name: علاء صبيح جبار المعيدي | طه ياسين مهودر العيداني
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: استخدمت تقنيه التفاعل السلسلسي للبوليميرات Polymerase Chain Reaction في تشخيص عثة الشمع الكبرى ,واستخدمت تقنيه التحليل الطيفي الكروماتوغرافيا الغازي Gas Chromatography - Electroantennographic Detection Technique وFlame Ionization Detector في استخلاص فرمون الجنس من ذكور عثة الشمع الكبرى . كذلك استخدمت تقنيه طيف الكتلة Gas Chromatography - Mass في تشخيص المركبات الفعالة الموجودة في المستخلصات النباتيه قيد الدراسة وفي مادة البروبولس . بينت نتائج المصيدة الفرمونية ان نسبة الاناث التي صيدت خلال 60 دقيقه بلغت 31.70 انثى من اصل 100 انثى تم اطلاقها على بعد 25م من مصيدة الفرمون الذكري . اجريت دراسة حول تاثير المستخلصات النباتية المائية والمركبات الثانوية لنباتات النيم .indica Juss Azadirachta والداماس .Conocarpus lancifolius Engl والجاتروفا .curcas L Jatropha فــــي الاداء الحياتي لعـثة الشمع الكــــــــــــــــــــــــــــبرى Galleria mellonella L. اوضحت نتائج تاثير المستخلصات المائية للنباتات في نسبة هلاك البيض تفوق مستخلص النيم حيث اعطى اعلى نسبه بلغت 70.13 % ثم مستخلص نبات الداماس وبنسبة 65.12 % بينما اعطى نبات الجاتروفا اقل نسبة هلاك بلغت60.06 % .حققت المعاملة بالمستخلصات المائية نسب هلاك في اليرقات بلغت 45.25 و43.00 و42.26 % لكل من مستخلص نبات النيم والداماس والجاتروفا على التوالي . اظهرت النتائج تاثير المستخلص المائي للنباتات في نسبة هلاك العذارى اذ تفوق مستخلص النيم وبلغ اعلى نسبة هلاك 56.90 % ثم مستـــــخلص نباتي الداماس والجاتروفا 44.87 و37.38 % على التوالي كما اظهرت النتائج ان المستخلص القلواني اعطى نسب هلاك متباينة للبيض اذ تفوق مستخلص النيم الذي حقق اعلى نسبة هلاك بلغت 65.70% ثم الداماس والجاتــــــروفا 63.88 و37.04 % على التوالي . بينت نتائج تاثير المستخلص القلواني للنباتات قيد الدراسة في هلاك اليرقات ان اعلى نسبة هلاك كانت لمستخلص نبات النيم اذ بلغت 52.35 % بينما كانت في مستخلص نبات الداماس 44.89 % وفي مستخلص نبات الجاتروفا 37.63 % . بينت النتائج تاثير المستخلص القلواني للنباتات في هلاك العذارى وكانت اعلى نسبة هلاك للمستخلص القلواني لنبات النيم اذ اعطى نسبة هلاك بلغت 60.99 % في حــــين بلغـــت 41.36 و39.65 % لكل من المستخلص القلواني لنباتي الداماس والجاتروفا على التوالي . اشارت النتائج الى ان المستخلص الفينولي لنبات النيم اعطى اعلى نسبة هلاك للبيض بلغت 63.87 % وبفارق عالي المعنوية عن المستخلص الفينولي لنبات الداماس الذي بلغت نسبة الهلاك فيه 36.69 % والمستخلص الفينولي لنبات الجاتروفا الذي بلغت نســــبة الهلاك فيها13.2 % . لوحظ من خلال النتائج ان المستخلص الفينولي لنبات النيم قد اعطى نسبة هلاك لليرقات بلغت45.37 % اما المستخلص الفينولي لنبات الداماس فاعطى نسبة هلاك 33.03 % في حين سجل المستخلص الفينولي لنبات الجاتروفا نسبة هلاك بلغت 30.61 % . اوضحت النتائج كفاءة المستخلص الفينولي لنبات النيم في هلاك العذارى اذ بلغت نسبة الهلاك 49.79 % بينما المستخلص الفينولي لنبات الجاتروفا اعطى نسبة هلاك بلغت 33.41 % في حين اعطى المستخلص الفينولي لنبات الداماس اقل نسبة هلاك بلغت 42.92 % . بينت النتائج ان نسبة هلاك البيض واليرقات والعذارى ازدادت بزيادة تراكيز المستخلصات النباتية المستخدمة وحقق التركيز 25 % اقل نسبة هلاك بينما التركيز 100 % سجل اعلى نسبة هلاك في بعض ادوار العثة . | The greater wax moth Galleria mellonela L. was identified by Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique ( PCR) .The sex pheromones were extracted from the moth male by Gas Chromatography - Electroantennographic Detection Technique (GC - EAD) and Flame Ionization Detector (FID). The pheromone compounds also identified by Gas Chromatography - Mass Technique GC - MS . The study also showed that the GC - MS was used to identify the chemical compounds which found in the plant extracts and propolis The pheromone trapping results explained that the rates of moth females which trapped within 60 minutes were 31.70 females out of 100 released females from a distance of25meters from a male pheromone trap The effects of water extracts of plants and the secondary metabolites of the three plants viz ; Neem ( Azadarachta indica Juss. ) , Conocarpus ( Conocarpus iancifolius Engl. ) and Jatropha ( Jatropha curcas L. ) on the bioprocess of greater wax moth were also studied. Neem water extract gave a high mortality of eggs reached to 70.13 % followed by Conocarpus water extract with a percent of 65.12 % while Jatropha water extract had the lowest effect which to reached 60.06 % . Also the water extracts of Neem, Conocarpus and Jatropha led to kill the larvae in a mortality percent of 45.25 %, 43.00 % and 42.26 % respectively. The results also explained that the moth pupa was affected by the water extracts of Neem , Conocarpus and Jatropha with mortality percents of 56.90 % , 44.87 % and 37.38 % respectively. The alkaloid extract of Neem increased the egg mortality percentage up to 65.70 % ,while Conocarpus and Jatropha gave a mortality percents of 63.88 % and 37.04 % respectively . The alkaloid extracts of Neem , Conocarpus an Jatropha also effected on Larvae and gave mortality Percents of 52.35 % , 44.89 % and 37.63 % respectively , Whereas the alkaloid extracts of Neem , Conocarpus and Jatropha gave mortality percents of 60.99 % , 41.36 % and 39.65 % respectively. It was also found that the phenolic extract of Neem gave a high percent of eggs mortality reached to 63.87 % which significantly differed from Conocarpus and Jatropha which gave mortality percents of of 36.68 % and 13.21 % respectively. The phenolic extracts of Neem, Conocarpus and Jatropha lad to kill the larvae in percents of 45.37 % , 33.03 % and 30.61 % respectively. Moth pupa were also killed when they treated with the phenolic extracts of Neem , Conocarpus and Jatropha the mortality percents were 49.79 % , 42.92 % and 33.41 % respectively. Mortality percentages of eggs , larvae and pupa increased with increasing concentrations of the plant extracts .The concentration of 25 % gave ales mortality, while the concentration of 100 % had been gave the high mortality for some moth stages

تقييم كفاءة حامض السالسليك وبعض العوامل الاحيائية في مكافحة مرض تعفن جذور نبات الباميا المتسبب عن الفطر (1858) Rhizoctonia Solani Kuhn == Evaluation of Salicylic Acid and Some bio agent Factors efficiency in control of Okra root rot disease Caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn(1858)

Author name: قصي حطاب ماضي
Supervisor name: طه ياسين مهودر العيداني | ناجي سالم جاسم
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

المكافحة المتكاملة لتعفن وتعقد الجذور في خيار القثاء المتسبب عن الفطر Fusarium Solani والنيماتودا Meloidogyne Javanica وتشخيص المسببات المرضية بتقنية التفاعل السلسلي للبوليمريز Polymerase Chain Reaction == Integrated Control of Compelex Disease in Cucumber Snike Caused By Fusarium solani and Meloidogyne javanica and possibility Identification the Pathogens by Polymerase Chain Reaction Technique

Author name: علي نديم احمد المنشيء
Supervisor name: ضياء سالم علي الوائلي | طالب احمد جايد
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

دراسة تشخيصية وبيئية لذبابة ثمار القرعيات Dacus Frontalis Becker 1922 (Diptera : Tephritidae) في بعض مناطق محافظتي البصرة وميسان == Identification and Ecological studies of Cucurbit Fly Dacus frontalis Beker 1922 (Diptera : Tephritidae )of some regions of Basrah and Misan provinces

Author name: علي حسن حرفش ابو رغيف
Supervisor name: علاء صبيح جبار المعيدي | اياد عبد الوهاب عبد القادر
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

دراسة تشخيصية للذباب الابيض وبيئية للنوعين Bemisia Tabaci وaleurolobus Marlatti Aleyrodidae : Homoptera مع الاشارة الى مكافحتها في محافظة البصرة == Identification study of the Whiteflies and Ecology of the species : Bemisia tabaci and Aleurolobus marlatti (Homoptera : Aleyrodidae ) with Prefer to their Control in Basrah Province

Author name: رسل عبد الامير عبود السامر
Supervisor name: اياد عبد الوهاب عبد القادر
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

دراسة بيئية وحياتية لحشرة ثربس البصل Thrips Tabaci Lindeman (Thysanoptera : Thripidae) على انواع نباتية مختلفة مع الاشارة الى مكافحتها الحيوية والكيميائية في محافظة البصرة

Author name: داود سلمان حامد
Supervisor name: علاء صبيح جبار المعيدي
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

دراسة مسحية وبيئية لانواع قفازات الاوراق المتواجدة في محافظة البصرة وامكانية مكافحتها حيويا وكيميائيا == Survey And environmental study of Leafhoppers species located in the province of Basra and the possibility to biologically and chemically control

Author name: مشرق مزعل حمد
Supervisor name: علاء صبيح جبار المعيدي | اياد عبد الوهاب عبد القادر
General topic: Agricultural sciences
Specific topic: Plant - Prevention
Degree: Master
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
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