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طرائق تقدير دالة المخاطرة لتوزيع Quasi Lindely : بحث مقارن مع تطبيق عملي == Comparison of Some Methods For Estimation of Hazard Function of Distribution Quasi Lindley With Application

Author name: احمد علوان صالح
Supervisor name: صباح هادي عبود الجاسم
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Statistics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Statistics
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان البحوث المتعلقة بامراض الاطفال ومنها امراض الدم تكتسب اهمية بالغة لما تسببه هذه الامراض من زيادة في نسب الوفيات بين الاطفال مما يؤثر سلبا في نمو المجتمعات لان هذه الامراض تستهدف قاعدتها الاساسية والمتمثلة بالطفولة. من المعلوم ان التوزيعات الاحتمالية | The researches on the diseases, including children and the blood diseases is of paramount importance to what caused these diseases from an increase in mortality rates among children, which negatively affects the growth of the communities, because these diseases targeted base of basic and childhood.It is known that the probability distributions is the statistical tool that deal with times of life for patients with diseases that cause of death, and that the issue of determining the statistical distribution of the most flexible in the good compatibility with the data on life times of of people affect the accuracy of the results and specifically estimates for both parameters or a Hazard function , which provides hospital and its staff of doctors, nurses, research centers , important evidence in the medical analysis of these diseases in order to develop methods of treatment and related drugs and medical devices to other medical supplies.In this research was study the of blood leukemia disease problem in the children what caused the disease in the increase in the number of deaths for children with this disease.In this research , review the distribution of properties (Quasi Lindely - QL - ) for the proper matching the practical side data and estimate a risk function using five methods to estimate Maximum Likelihood Method , method of moments, method of L - moment Method of Percentiles Estimators and Standard Bayes Method using Squared Error Loss Function and Logarithmic Loss Function and joint prior distribution noninformative prior using (Jeffrey's formula) also used the method of Lindley Approximation to solving integrals resulting from the use Bayes way to estimate the Hazard function for this distribution.In order to find the best methods of judgment for the purpose of use in the practical side in this research were employed style simulation way (Monte Carlo) and using the Mean squared error (MSE) and the Integral. Mean square Error (IMSE) in order to compare the efficiency of the estimators to function risk was reached through implementation of simulation experiments that Bayes estimator to a Hazard function of distribution (QL) using a logarithmic function loss is the most efficient for small and medium volumes of samples while Maximum Likelihood Method and Method of Percentiles Estimators are better for large samples and at the same efficiency.Finally, in the practical side was used a sample size of data (n = 42) of the children of the deceased because of the disease leukemia blood have been employed estimator Bayes using to estimate the Hazard function loss logarithmic function to these patients. The results showed that the Hazard function of death among children in Iraq function values because of this disease are higher values than necessary health institution looks at this phenomenon and develop sophisticated prevention and treatment and to provide various medical supplies to minimize the seriousness of this disease, which leads to the depletion of human and financial resources, which negatively affects the process of progress of society as well as scientific methods should health institutions raise community awareness of the reasons this the disease for the purpose of avoiding these reasons and by employing various media, particularly newsletters that you know the reasons of the disease and treatment modalities.

استخدام نماذج القياس الاقتصادي في نظرية الالعاب لتحديد سياسات تعظيم الارباح لشركتي بيبسي كولا وكوكا كولا في محافظة بغداد == Use of Models of Econometrics In Game Theory In Determining The Policies To Maximize Profits For The Pepsi Cola And Coca - Cola In The Province of Baghdad

Author name: احمد عبد العزيز سوادي
Supervisor name: لميعة باقر جواد الجواد
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Operations Research
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Statistics
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: نظرا لاهمية نظرية الالعاب وخاصة نظريات احتكار القلة في دراسة واقع التنافس بين الشركات او الحكومات وغيرها، قام الباحث بربط القياس الاقتصادي بهذه النظريات لتشمل كافة السياسات المتعددة المستعملة من تلك الشركات بعد ان كانت تعتمد على الكمية والسعر فقط وتم تطب | Due to the importance of the theory of games especially theories of oligopoly in the study of the reality of competition aming companies or governments and others the researcher linked theories of oligopoly to Econometrics to include all the policies used by companies after these theories were based on price and quantity only the researcher applied these theories to data taken from Pepsi Cola and Coca - Cola In Baghdad Steps of the solution where stated for the models proposed and solutions where found to be balance points is for the two companies according to the principle of Nash.The theory of Cournot is based on the assumption that the total amount sold is fixed and is shared among the parties of monopoly (Companies). Aggregate supply is supposed to be determined and the price is set and supply meets demand. It also assumes that the relationship between price and quantity is linear : Quantity is inversely proportional to the price. the researcher has developed a proposed model for the expansion of the model to include all the policies used by oligopoly companies such as advertising and others.The model of von Staklberg is applied when there is a market leader and the rest of the companies are subsidiaries It takes the same relationship between price and quantity in the theory of Cournot that is the second company determines. the quantity that it wants to produce which will be restricted to the first company. This will be the first company the leader, and the second company to be its subsidiary. The researcher also to included all the policies used by oligopoly companies after linking the model to theories of econometrics.The Bertrand model depends mainly on determining the prices not quantities, as in the models of Cournot and von Staklberg. It is supposed that the price of competing companies in some way affects the price of a single company. The researcher also included all the policies used by oligopoly companies after the model was based on the price, quantity and sale price of the competing company only by linking the model to theories of econometrics

نجاح منظمات الاعمال على وفق التوجه الريادي لتكنولوجيا المعلومات بحث ميداني لعينة من المصارف العراقية الخاصة == The Success of Business Organizations According To The Entrepreneurial Orientation For Information Technology An Field Research At Iraqi Private Banks

Author name: احمد ضياء الدين صلاح الدين الطائي
Supervisor name: صلاح الدين عواد كريم الكبيسي
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Business Administration
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Business Administration
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
Key words:
  • التوجه الريادي لتكنولوجيا المعلومات
  • النجاح المنظمي
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف الباحث من خلال هذا البحث الى تشخيص وتفسير طبيعة علاقات الارتباط والتاثير بين التوجه الريادي لتكنولوجيا المعلومات ونجاح المصارف العراقية الخاصة مجتمع البحث وعلى مستوى الابعاد، ولقد اختبر هذا البحث في القطاع المصرفي الخاص ممثلا ب(10) مصارف عراقية خاصة | bjective researcher through this research to diagnosis and interpretation of the nature of the correlations and effect between the Entrepreneurial orientation for information technology and the success of the Iraqi private banks, the research community and the level dimensions, and I've tested this research in the private banking sector represented by (10), especially in Baghdad, Iraqi banks, and applied research on sample consisting of 80 distributors in several administrative levels Director (Director, Director of the department, branch manager), and use the search questionnaire Head to collect data and information tool, as well as personal interviews Program and some private banks annual reports, has sought research to test a number of hypotheses main and branch on the relationships of the link and relationships influence between research variables, and to answer all questions related to the problem of search, in particular questioning the basic (Is that the direction of the Iraqi private banks, the research community Entrepreneurial orientation in information technology will be led to strengthen further the chances of success?), has reached search to a group of conclusions was most important that the Iraqi private banks go approach leading information technology and this trend reverberate back to the attention of these banks (innovation technology and offensive competitive technology and proactive technology and Risk - takin technology and Autonomy technology), as well as the existence of interdependence and integration of the dimensions of Entrepreneurial orientation for information technology and the success of the business organizations reflected role larger style collective than if used individually to achieve successes organizational in its banking system, as these banks were able to use changes in the dimensions of orientation pioneering changes to the information technology together in bringing about more changes in the greater your chances of success with more than used to influence a solo. Based on the findings of the research results of a set of recommendations was the most important of which has developed the need to recruit Iraqi private banks departments Entrepreneurial orientation for information technology in creating more chances of success, and the necessity of the Iraqi private banks to take advantage of good interest in the success Organizational and strengthen that interest through work to develop her creative work as well as other proactive in reaching the technological opportunities presented as well as the practice of decentralization in taking crucial decisions and also accept high risk to increase revenues and follow policies that increase competitive successes

استعمال انموذج تجميعي عام لمعلمات الشكل والموقع والقياس في بناء منحنى نمو معياري للاطفال في العراق == Using Generalized Additive Models For Location Scale And Shape To Construct Standardized Growth Curve For Iraq Children

Author name: احمد شهاب احمد
Supervisor name: خلود يوسف خمو
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Statistics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Statistics
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تعد منحنيات النمو المعيارية اداة مهمة في تقييم سلوك النمو البشري خاصة في السنوات المبكرة من عمر الطفل، ويجب ان تبنى بشكل يلبي الهدف منها، وهو تحديد الكيفية التي يجب ان ينمو بها الطفل اذ ان اي انحراف للقياسات البشرية للطفل عن مسار منحنيات النمو نحو الادنى | The growth curves standard is an important tool in the evaluation of the behavior of human growth, especially in the early years of the child's age, and must built to meet the goal of which, Determine how the child must should grow, because any deviation of anthropometric for the child from the path of growth curves towards the minimum or Top necessitates a review of health centers interested in child care because of this change in the behavior of growth is an indication of the possibility of a health problem for the child have a far - reaching impact on his life, and also that the it reflect the level of the general welfare of the community posed as a result of human needs nutrition, health and development of this society, and all the developed countries of the world has its own growth curves commensurate with the ethnic diversity and its population, and Iraq , similar to these countries need independent growth curves achieve their desired purpose and it puts a step in the path of these countries. This was the goal of research is building growth curves standard for the children of Iraq under sixth to indicator of weight, height and body mass index against age to each sex in order to take advantage of child - care institutions and adopt them to assess the growth path of the child right in the most important stages of the growth of an early childhood. The growth curves consists of percentiles line called (Centiles) reflect different levels of growth represent the behavior of a specific and accurate so they need to statistical methods and data in order to achieve this requirement , so it was chosen as a model statistical claims GAMLSS from a wide range of statistical methods characterized by the allowed a wide group of distributions treated skew and kurtosis of growth data, in addition to the flexible methods of smoothing Treat the unstationary in the data, it based on building a model special for each standard growth using criteria to choose as the first step by choosing the appropriate distribution of the data to impose the parameters represent a nonparametric smooth functions of independent variable often takes age, the second step is to choose the appropriate degree of smoothing to this functions.That the building of growth curves based on a sample taken from MICS4 from the survey of children under the age of six who are subject matter and carried out by the Central Statistics organization in 2011, and after processing the data removed cases of children who were exposed to health conditions or nutritional possible affect the potential genetic growth Physiological and thus give wrong

المقارنة بين بعض طرائق تقدير انموذج انحدار اللوجستك والطرائـق الحصـينـة للتجارب الحياتية ذات الاستجابة الثنائية باستخدام اسلوب المحاكاة == Al - Comparison Between Some Estimated Methods of Logistic Regression Models And Robust Methods For The Bioassays of The Quantal Response By Using Simulation Procedure

Author name: احمد ذياب احمد العزاوي
Supervisor name: دجلة ابراهيم مهدي العزاوي
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Statistics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Statistics
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الحمد لله والصلاة والسلام على رسول الله سيدنا محمد (صلى الله عليه وسلم) وعلى اله وصحبه وسلم اما بعد... تناول البحث استخدام انموذج انحدار اللوجستك في التجارب الحياتية باعتباره موضوعا على قدر من الاهمية , وان هناك شروط يجب ان تتوفر لغرض اجراء التحليل بال | This study deals with using the logistic regression model in the bioassay which is considered an important topic and there must be assumption which should be satisfied in order to carry out analysis in the classical methods ( Weighted least squares method and Maximum likelihood method ) as success normal distribution assumption for errors , when one assumption of normal distribution is fail or outlier in data this lead to taking the fail decision concerning the problem needed so be studied.Here lies the importance of applying robust methods (M method and R method ) in the bioassay of the quantal response because the Robust estimated has little response and little effects of outlier.To state the contents of this thesis it was divided into four chapters. The first chapter included the introduction and the aim of this research work. The second chapter included the theoretical part where we stated the estimated methods for the logistic regression model and the Robust methods. The third chapter went through the practical part of this research work. Finally Chapter four went through the conclusions and recommendations of this research work. As well as the future studies, which have been proposed regarding this research. of the most important results the study reached is the efficient M method and R1 method for two robust in estimator the parameters dose model of the quantal response

اختبارات التكامل الكسري في نماذج ARIMA == Tests of Fractional Integration In Models ARIMA

Author name: احلام حنش كاطع
Supervisor name: لميعة باقر جواد الجواد
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Statistics
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Statistics
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: توجد انواع من العمليات العشوائية المستقرة لا نستطيع ان نعدها كنماذج من الاوساط المتحركة او الانحدار الذاتي اذ انها تحتوي عل خصائص هذين النوعين (انحدار ذاتي - اوساط متحركة) فمثل هــذه العمليات تسمـى بالنماذج المختلطة ويرمز لها بـ (ARMA(p, q)) ولكي تتوفر ال | There are many types of stationary stochastic processes that can’t be considered as models of moving average or autoregressive, because they have the characteristics of these two kinds : (Autoregressive - Moving average). These processes are called mixed models and referred to as (ARMA (p, q)). In order that these models have the stability, the roots of equation must equal zero , outside the unit circle and also for the Inevitability, the roots of equation must equal zero , outside the unit circle. These models may be non - stationary in themselves but they will be stationary after many transformations or differences, so the models which explains this process will be different from the original, because it must contain those differences that have been done on the original models. These stationary models are called ARIMA, and the differences may be inter numbers or fractional numbers, then, the differences will be fractional numbers ranged between [0.5 , - 0.5] , and the model is called ARFIMA or what is called as fractional integration, and (d) represents the parameter of the fractional differences. In this study, three methods have been applied to test the non stationary models of the fractional integration (ARFIMA). One of the common test used is that which is based on the periodogram regression suggested by GPH, whereas LO suggests another test modified from the classical test which is known as modified rescaled range (MRR). A third test has been presented which adopts the idea of lagrang multiple which is known as : (LM). These tests have been applied in four models; AR, MA, ARCH and ARFIMA. The way of simulation and building programs using Visual basic (V. B) has been employed the percentages of the times of rejection have been gained out of 1000 frequencies for each method of the test, for each parameter and for more then one sample. The fractional integration parameter of the first test GPH has been compared with table (t), because variance is unknown, as to the second test MRR, the value (R/S) is compared with table LO, the third test LM is compared with table Z.

اثر اتفاقية حقوق الملكية الفكرية في تسيير الانشطة الصناعية عالميا وعربيا في اطار منظمة التجارة العالمية مع اشارة خاصة للعراق == The Impact of The Intellectual Property Rights Convention On The Conduct of Arabic And Worldwide Industrials Activities Within The Framework of WTO With Special Sign To Iraq

Author name: اثير ناطق محمد نجيب
Supervisor name: ثائر محمود رشيد العاني
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The problem of this study raised from the point of cosmic separation through the attempt of the industrial countries to spreading the industry to the south accompanied with several simultaneous measures appeared during the question drawers of intellectual property where that this droits took the monopolistic form and alternatives in restriction the commerce instead of the striving for freedom of spreading, because of the industrial countries attemps to use the intellectuals property in monopolistic form under the framework of WTO which controlled in - stream appeared in the worldwide commerce after establishing the [TRIPS] agreement, and which from during her the control in - stream is complete the industry worldwide and walk of the activities hindered industrial in the third world, resulting thereon altogether results performs in end to consolidation the investments foreign direct and technological, keeping the universality gap between the north and the propelling sides restricted the developing countries to a narrow corner, where the distinction and the authorization within range the huge companies As only way to the transfusion, faced with the increased cost of the imports commodities accompanied with the disability of take the high cost of developing and researches in the developing countries, because of the weakness of this matter. the structure deformity which most of the third world industries suffering from, as in Iraq, faced unconsidrebelity about the intellectuals property matter, while its well regarded by the industrial countries by made well programmed plan , eventually the hazard bell voice alarmed us that the arrival of the WTO at the front gate is became real that attract our attention to this matter.

تاثير تصميم العمل في تحسين جودة المنتج : دراسة استطلاعية في الشركة العامة للصناعات الكهربائية

Author name: اثير عبد الله محمد السوداني
Supervisor name: غسان قاسم داود سلمان اللامي
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Industrial Management
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ان الظروف الصعبة التي تعيشها المنظمات بصورة عامة ولاسيما الصناعية منها والتحديات التي تواجهها في ظل الاسواق العالمية والمنافسة الدولية الشديدة في الماضي ادى الى ازدياد الانتاج جراء انتاج وحدات اكثر وبالتركيز على الانتاج حسب الطلب، في حين تغيرت القواعد م

العولمـة الاقتصادية واثرها على القطاع الزراعي في دول عربية مختارة (مصر والاردن وسوريا) == The Economic Globalization And The Effect On Agricultural Sector In Selecte Arabic Countries (Egypt & Jordan & Syria)

Author name: اثير عباس عبادي
Supervisor name: محمد رضا عبد العظيم
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يتناول البحث احد اهم المواضيع الاقتصادية في الوقت الحاضر الا وهو العولمة الاقتصادية واثرها على القطاع الزراعي في الدول العربية ولان الحديث عن العولمة الاقتصادية لابد ان يقترن بدور الياتها الاقتصادية المتمثلة بصندوق النقد الدولي وسياسات الاصلاح الاقتصادي ا | The research take up one of the more important economic subjects at the present time that is economic globalization and the effect on agricultural sector in Arabic countries and the talking about the economic globalization should to be coupled with the H’s mechanical economic role which by representative international monetary fund (IMF) and the policies of economic reform which has adopted at the developing countries and that of them Arabic countries also the international bank for reconstruction and development (IBRD) and the policies of the structural adaption also the role to activity the mechanical market and to go under the government’s role in economics activity also the role of the multi - national companies through the foreign direct investment (IFD) also the role of the world trade organization (WTO) to have a free international trading in the agriculturing goods from here the study important is coming to analysis the actual the Arabic agricultural sector under these variable which companion with the economic globalization and it’s mechanical through the actual Arabic agricultural sector analysis under the economic reform processes and the structural Adjustment adaptation and analysis the free international trading for the agriculturing goods within hold from the effects on the Arabic food and agriculture trading and analysis the policies free schedule for the (FDI) which Arabic countries are followed in agricultural sector. The study has aimed confirm that the economic globalization has come the result of the economic interest fight and to have control on the international economic through to control on the economic sides the finical side through the (IMF) and financial side through the (IBRF) and the trading side and investment through the (WTO) and the multi - national companies and this side have very important effects on the agricultural sector through the policies and mechanical application of the economic globalization so that should be to stop long on this effects to analysis the potential reflection for this effects and the present status of the agricultural ability exists in the form which less from the unit of the negative reflection for it and increase and consolidation for the positive effects for it in the shape which serve the development instructions in it and supported the role of the agricultural sector and the research has been depended on to study the state ( Egypt & Jordan & Syria ) in order to Egypt and Jordan are from the countries which have been depended on economic policies repair on the international Establishment and they are enjoined in (WTO) but the stud state of Syria because it has policies repair economic depended on them self and the research has been depended on the to attain this study effects application the policies of economic globalization in these countries through to showing the indications of economic before to application these policies and through in it. The more important which this study has reached the results is to application the economic globalization policies has on the positive effects and negative on the agricultural sector in the countries subjective study.And the study recommend to complain the Arabic economic to consolidation the benefit from the trading and the investment opportunities which the globalization and to faced it’s challenges and to encourage the Arabic trading among them and the international trading and to less the depend on the broad sources to in sure them food

متطلبات جودة التعليم العالي وتاثيرها في تحقيق التفوق التنظيمي : دراسة حالة لجامعتي بغداد والنهرين == The Quality of Higher Education Requirements And Its Impacts In Achieving Organizational Excellence The Case Study of The Universities of Baghdad And Al - Nahrain

Author name: اثار عبد الحكيم عبد الوهاب
Supervisor name: عبد الناصر علك حافظ
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: General Administration
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: الغرض من هذا البحث تسليط الضوء على العلاقة بين متطلبات جودة التعليم العالي والتفوق التنظيمي لعينة من كليات جامعتي بغداد والنهرين, وسعى البحث الى تحقيق مجموعة من الاهداف اهمها : التعرف على طبيعة متطلبات جودة التعليم العالي, اظهار وتشخيص متطلبات الجودة ودوره | The purpose of this paper is to highlight the relationship between the quality of higher education requirements and organizational excellence sample of colleges of the University of Baghdad and AL - Nahrain, and sought research to achieve a set of goals, including : identification of the nature of the quality of higher education requirements, demonstrate and diagnose the quality requirements and its role in achieving organizational excellence, measuring influential relations between the quality of higher education requirements and organizational excellence.And launched the current research expressed a problem several questions, is in (the nature and level of some of the quality requirements in the researched universities? What recognize the dimensions of organizational excellence by the sample in the researched universities? Does the quality to achieve organizational excellence in the researched universities? What relationship correlation between the requirements for the quality of higher education and organizational excellence? Is there an impact between the quality of higher education requirements and organizational excellence?). Based on this problem and objectives, to clarification of the relationship between research variables it was formulated two basic hypotheses branched by five sub - hypotheses. Questionnaire as a tool for data collection and analysis it has been adopted, as well as personal interviews in the practical side of the research has been to select a sample search represented by (88) members of the department heads and professors at the Colleges of engineering and law at universities of Baghdad and AL - Nahrain, and use the case study method.The researcher found to a set of conclusions, including : All the correlations of the quality of higher education and organization excellence were strong and significant moral influence as well as the relationships have all been significant moral. Which refers to the role of the quality of higher education in influencing the achievement of organization excellence of the universities.What research was presented a set of recommendations, including : necessity investment and the application of the quality of higher education programs in Iraqi universities because of its positive impact on the universities, the need for investment and the application of organizational excellence in all its principles and its contents in Iraqi universities so as to impact in raising the performance levels they have, attempts to integrate Universities of Baghdad, with some AL - Nahrain in one university, due to Achgalhma the same location and the similarity of academic programs

تقييم اداء العاملين لتحقيق متطلبات جودة الموارد البشرية اعتمادا على المقارنة المرجعية : بحث استطلاعي == Appraisal The Performance of Employees To Achieve The Quality of Human Resources Requirements Depending On Benchmarking - Exploratory Search

Author name: ابراهيم نصير محمد علي الخفاجي
Supervisor name: عبد الناصر علك حافظ
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Performance Evaluation
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Business Administration
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: يهدف هذا البحث الى تحديد دور نظام تقييم اداء العاملين في تحقيق متطلبات الجودة للموارد البشرية في مكتب المفتش العام/ مؤسسة الشهداء من خلال توظيف خطوات المقارنة المرجعية مع مكتب المفتش العام/ وزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي، وقد لمس الباحث حاجة مكتب المف | This research aims to determine the role of employee performance evaluation system to achieve the quality of human resources in the Office of the Inspector General / Martyrs Foundation requirements by employing comparison steps reference with the Office of the Inspector General / Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, has been touching the researcher need the Office of the Inspector General / Martyrs Foundation for the application of performance evaluation is good for workers and the employment of its outputs to achieve the requirements mentioned above, it gives us a clear picture of the aspects that require the attention and the attention of more and address the weaknesses and shortcomings and in order to stand on this role we raised the following question President system : (is the quality of human resources requirements are achieved through employ benchmarking to evaluate the performance of employees in the surveyed?) OrganizationIn order to achieve the goal of the research, and answer the questions of the problem, the researcher through theoretical thought and studies related to the construction of a prototypical scheme supposedly shows the relationship between research variables, it consisted of employee performance evaluation system variable declaratory included four sub - dimensions (the quality of the goal of the system, standards performance evaluation, performance assessment methods, feedback), and the requirements of the quality of human resources as a variable is a response included six sub - dimensions (recruitment, training and development, compensation, continuous improvement, teamwork, satisfaction of internal customer) and variable broker benchmarking consists of four dimensions, namely, ( planning, analysis, integration, implementation) has reacted to these variables to form a frame, which is the research.May be the research community of 249 individuals of all workers in the office of the Inspector General / Martyrs Foundation and the Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research across all administrative levels, as was the use of the style of the random sample and of which there were gross (75) individuals in the search application, and the response rate ( 100%), and it used the resolution as an essential tool in collecting data and information, as well as the checklist secondary tool, and data analysis was used software (SPSS), through which was obtained percentages and duplicates, and test Alpha Cronbach, the coefficient of Spearman correlation, and analysis of simple linear regression, and trajectory analysis, and test Mann Whitney used to test the hypotheses.Through the search results which showed that the performance of workers applied in the Office of the Inspector General / Martyrs Foundation lowest average evaluation system and showed weakness in achieving the above requirements compared to system performance of workers applied in the Office of the Inspector General's assessment / Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, as well as the results of testing and analysis of assumptions researcher concluded that the evaluation of the performance of employees in offices system contributes to the quality of human resources requirements and have a greater impact by employing a reference comparison.And went Find a set of recommendations based on the conclusions reached by including the need to take the two organizations attention and care more performance evaluation by defining the goal of the system a high quality and the development of methods and criteria used to rely on its outputs and in collaboration with the consulting office system, particularly the Advisory Office of the College of Management and Economics University of Baghdad in order to achieve the quality requirements of human resources

تقويم صناديق الاقراض التخصصية للمصرف الزراعي التعاوني باطار المبادرة الزراعية == Evaluating Specialized Lending Funds To The Agricultural Cooperative Bank Under The Framework of The Agricultural Initiative

Author name: ابراهيم طارق عبد الكريم العزاوي
Supervisor name: محمد علي طاهر الجزراوي
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Accounting
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Accounting
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: ركز هذا البحث على الاستثمارات الزراعية وعملية تقويمها وذلك من خلال المبادرة الزراعية التي اطلقتها الحكومة العراقية خلال المدة من 2008 ـ 2010. ان الاستثمارات الزراعية في ثلاثة مجالات هي الاستثمار في النشاط النباتي والاستثمار في النشاط الحيواني والاستثمار | The research focused on agricultural investment and evaluation process through the agricultural initiative launched by the Iraqi government during the period from 2008 - 2010. The agricultural investments in three areas of investment activity in plant and investment activity in animal and investment activity in agricultural services, and activation of agricultural investment in these activities worked the Iraqi government to launch agricultural initiative, which represents government investment includes all agricultural activities Iraqi (plant , animal and services) and so on by opening loan funds specialist is (fund small farmers, fund livestock, fund agricultural mechanization and irrigation modern, fund development of palm, and fund strategic projects major) since these funds various types of agricultural activities, animal and plant service and working on lending Iraqi farmers in the various governorates Iraq (except Kurdistan region of Iraq), where the Agricultural Cooperative Bank and through branches and offices located in all of Iraq's provinces the process of granting loans to farmers in batches and then recovered in the form of annual installments by each activity, and for the agricultural initiative aspects accounting, as well as the process performance evaluation can be applied to various agricultural activities (plant , animal and services) and including the agricultural initiative represents a mixture of these agricultural activities so the process straightened gives an indication about the developments in the funds specialist and by the Iraqi provinces, and this is done through the evaluation of the actual performance of funds agricultural initiative and extended time consecutive depending on financial allocations annual these funds disaggregated Iraqi provinces and depending on the branches and offices located in those provinces, hence the agricultural initiative represents government investment, subject to the evaluation process and analysis through loan funds specialized own and thus is the first step in the way of agricultural investment in Iraq, which will have a significant impact to the recovery of the national economy and provide employment opportunities, especially for the children of the villages and rural areas as well as supporting local agriculture and thus reduce agricultural import from abroad and provide hard currency for the country. The researcher reached a set of conclusions and recommendations proposed reinforced serve - God willing - the Iraqi agricultural sector.

استخدام البرمجة الديناميكية في ايجاد الاحتمالات الانتقالية للحمض النووي DNA مع تطبيق عملي على البشر والجرذان

Author name: ابراهيم زغيتون جلوب الدليمي
Supervisor name: ضوية سلمان حسن الجنابي
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Operations Research
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Statistics
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: في هذه الرسالة تم استخدام اساليب رياضية واحصائية هي على وجه الخصوص البرمجة الديناميكية وسلاسل ماركوف المخفية وطريقة الامكان الاعظم في التقدير لغرض تحليل السلسلة الجينية لهرمون الانسولين لكل من الانسان والجرذ حيث تم حساب الاحتمالات الانتقالية من الرتب العل

التخصيص الامثل للموارد باستخدام اسلوب البرمجة الخطية وبناء جدول الجدوى الاقتصادية لشركة الصناعات الخفيفة (قطاع مختلط) == The Optimum Allocation of Resources By Using The Linear Programming Method, And Building - Up The Economic Feasibility Schedule For Light - Industries Company (Mixed Sector)

Author name: احمد شاكر محمود المعاضيدي
Supervisor name: هاشم علوان السامرائي
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: Most industrial companies In Iraq, suffer from the problem of misuse of their available economic resources, which result decreasing their abilities to create value added and lowering their contribution in the formation of gross domestic product (GDP). This also leads to slowing the rate of growth of (GDP), while this can be avoided if decision makers in these companies can use the right scientific methods in achieving optimum methods in their resource allocation. Accordingly, the choice of the subject of this thesis takes the title : [the optimum allocation of resources by using the linear programming method, and building - up the economic feasibility schedule for light industries company (mixed sector)]. This company was particularly chosen, as a case study, as it is considered to be an important industrial company, in the mixed sector, and which can raise national product, reducing unemployment, hence, improving the economic indicators of the national economy.The method of analysis of research of shown through using the linear programming method, and post optimality analysis as two ways of planning methods which may help the management of the company in decision - making with regard to the present production plan, and for future expansion plans, as for achieving economic efficiency. The research covered four chapters : the first chapter deals with the theoretical economic framework, reviewing ideas connected with the subject of resource allocation. It also contains the quantitative theoretical framework, that deals with the conditions and concepts of the linear programming method, and the post optimality analysis. The second chapter deals with the objectives, and actual facts of the company as well as a brief historical review about its development. In addition, the study covered the company’s relative importance to the engineering industries (mixed sector), as well as the progress of the main economic and financial indicators in the company, for the period of (1991 - 2000), and its prospects for year 2005. The third chapter, deals with the practical side of the research, represented by preparing and gathering data for building - up linear programming models, in order to select a suitable production plan for the year 2001, in addition to using the post optimality analysis, to prepare necessary data needed for the study of the suggested investment expansion plans. The fourth chapter deals with the some theoretical economic ideas, relating to the economic feasibility schedule, in addition to building - up the economic feasibility schedule for the company, for the period of (2002 - 2012). The research was concluded with a number of conclusions and recommendations.

الذكاء الشعوري وعلاقته ببعض متغيرات القيادة الادارية : دراسة تحليلية == Emotional Intelligence And The Relationship With Some Variables of Managerial Leadership (Analytical Study)

Author name: ابراهيم خليل ابراهيم الطائي
Supervisor name: سعد العنزي
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Business Administration
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Business Administration
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: تتناول هذه الدراسة الميدانية تقييم مستوى الذكاء الشعوري للقادة الاداريين في بعض شركات قطاع الصناعة العراقي، وعلاقته بمجموعة من المتغيرات المتعلقة بهؤلاء القادة، وهي الجوانب الشخصية (الجنس، العمر، الحالة الاجتماعية، التحصيل الدراسي وسنوات الخدمة) والان | This study implies measuring and evaluating level Emotional Intelligence (EI) of leaders and investigate the relationship between (EI) and certain personal variables at the Iraqi public industries sector (Age, Gender, Social Status - single or married - , Education and Work experience), leadership style, and managerial levels. The research used a large data set comprised of (124) leaders of various management levels (Top, middle and first - line) working in public industrial sector in Iraq (State Company of electrical industries & State Company of batteries industry). The purpose of the study was to test certain hypotheses (Three main hypotheses and eight subordinate ones) particularly that one presuming correlation between (EI) and the behavioral style of the leader. Consistent with the significance of (EI) for business firms leadership and due to no previous research has been conducted in respect to this topic, this research would be considered as precedent so that to pave the way for future researches. Data of questionnaires have been statistically calculated and descriptively analyzed by using computer software according to (SPSS) model to estimate Chi - square, Mean, Median, Balanced proportions, Standard Deviation, Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient and Factor Analysis. The results of the study led to several conclusions, most important of them are : Difference level of (EI) by disparity of Personal traits and leadership style of leaders. Some of the results agreed with the hypotheses, while others did not agree with other pertaining ones, It is highly recommended to consider (EI) upon filling the leadership position at subject firms.

استعمال البرمجة الديناميكية والشبكات العصبية لايجاد الخزين الامثل لمخازن الشركة العامة للزيوت النباتية == The Use of Dynamic Programming And Neural Network To Find The Optimal Stockpiling Stores General Company For Vegetable Oils

Author name: افاق عبد الرهيب حسين محمود
Supervisor name: فاتن فاروق صالح البدري
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Operations Research
Degree: Master
University: University of Baghdad - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Statistics
Language: Arabic
University location: Baghdad
First pages:
Abstract: The purpose from this research to reduce the levels of inventories. in the problems of stockpiling the goals of finding the best level of stocks that are clear and accurate.We discussed this as it adopts a different input is first to focus on the style of dynamic programming in terms of properties and methods of calculations ,and method of solution using tables and the way down to find the optimal solution and for this style of algorithms. Second neural networks where this aspect to ensure a simplified study of the basic concepts of neural networks ,discussing the most important types of neural networks is the proliferation neural network and algorithms rear their own.As for the practical side, the data used are quarterly data for a period of three years (2006 - 2007 - 2008) As was initially resolved specimen using.the method of dynamic programming which were obtained on the size of inventories and return the accompanying.And in depended input dynamic programming and the results obtained by the application of dynamic programming style and application of neural networks based on the learning coefficients by trial and benefit from past experience has been obtained for less stocks possible. Down to the most important conclusions are : The decision dealt with the problem has many possibilities and where he can not resolve this problem by taking all the possibilities found style of dynamic programming to solve the problem. And the use of neural networks for stocks lower as possible

مدى تاثير الخصائص النوعية للمعلومات المحاسبية بالقوة التنظيمية : دراسة تطبيقية في مديريات انتاج ونقل وتوزيع الكهرباء في البصرة == Extent Impact Qualities of Accounting Information System By Organizational Power

Author name: اشرف عبد ربه احمد
Supervisor name: عبد المهدي عباس محمد
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Accounting
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Accounting
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: This study aims at revealing the relation of the organizational power to the qualities of output in the accounting information system in units and sections of administrative level in three companies belonging to the Directorate of Electricity of the southern area of Iraq in the city of Basrah. The study depended on building a model to analyze and identify the relation between the independent variable (organizational power) and its main independent variables (power of formation , power of experience and power of status) on one hand and the dependant variable (qualities of the output of the accounting information system ) and its main variables (trust and feasibility) on the other hand.The study is based on one main hypothesis branching on other six assumptions. The researcher uses the descriptions. Approach in the theoretical part of the study and the statistical one in the application. A controlled and standardized questionnaire is developed for the purpose of application in the study.The study arrived at the conclusion that there is a significant relation between the organizational power and the qualities of the output of the accounting information system.All these correlative relations between the elements of the independent variable (the organizational power) and the elements of the associated variable (qualities of the output of the Accounting information systems) are positive andsignificant. The study also presented some suggestions and recommendations ; amongst them emphasizing the importance of the sources of the organizational power and the role this power plays on affecting the qualities of the output of accounting information systems and that will lead to adopting scientific methods to promote and develop qualities of the accounting information system.

دور بعض الاساليب الاحصائية في تطبيق الحيود السداسي : دراسة تطبيقية في مصنع المعتصم للزيوت النباتية في ميسان

Author name: ازهار عزيز عبد اللطيف الرمضان
Supervisor name: محمد عبود طاهر
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Statistics
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Administration And Economics
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: Statistics consider as the spine for the strategies of quality control system , because of its important role in using its tools , theories , analysis in these strategies. In the six sigma strategies ( DMAIC) & ( DMADV) every step of them doesn’t be empty of the statistical ways. Our study depending on applying the statistical tools and quantitative which used in the six sigma strategu to implement the performances ofquality control in the research sample to rise the required quality by know the productions derivations and the reasons of idleness the production process.This thesis includes five chapters. chapter one deals with show last studies and projects about this subject. Chapter two & three includes the statistical manners for quality control and defintion of the six sigma and role of the statistical in applying its strategy.Chapter four include the practical applying for some of the statistical tools that uses in applying the six sigma strategy of the DMAIC.Chapter five include the results and recommendations , which talks about how to develop the production in AL - Motassim factory of vegetable oils , oils line and know absence of statistical process control depending only on the lab analysis to put the elements due to the specification limit these dan with neglect the main causes of defects , so the production process and the production are not in the required quality.This study explained the importance of importing the modern information and the technical products to rise up the low level of our national industry and supplying the libraries with the modern books and researches.

الكلف البيئية للتنمية ومقتضيات تضمينها للانشطة التنموية واظهارها في الحسابات القومية : دراسة حالة العراق == The Environmental Costs of Development And Requirements of Its Adding To The Developing Activities And Displaying Them In National Accounting (Iraq As A Case Study)

Author name: ازهار عبد اللطيف حسين
Supervisor name: مانع حبش الطعمة
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Economics
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:

واقع التنمية الزراعية المستدامة ومتطلباتها في العراق == The Status of Sustainable Agricultural Development And Its Requirements In Iraq

Author name: احمد جبر سالم السالم
Supervisor name: جليل شيعان ضمد البيضاني
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Master
University: University Of Basrah - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Economics
Language: Arabic
University location: Basrah
First pages:
Abstract: With the beginning of the third millennium , many economists and intellectuals have concerned with sustainable agricultural development ,because of its effective and essential role now and in the future. It is known that there is a tight relation between the sustainable agricultural development and the agricultural file, so this represents the importance of the study. In fact , the agricultural sector negligence and the economic maladministration have led to the increase in food consumption in Iraq with rates exceed the increased rates of agricultural production. This is attributed to the increasing rates of population growth , the alimentary gap expansion and the downfall of internal sufficiency. All these factors lead to the imports increase and the exports decrease.In another words ,the alimentary gap have increased and have led to : (1) the increased deficit in balance of trade in Iraq ,(2) the increased demand of food,(3)the increase of monetary incomes ,(4)the agricultural production stalemate ,(5)the increased price of exported food, and (6) the subsidization reduction.These reasons have paved the way to the increase of inflation and food prices ,which cause the increasing economical burdens upon the individuals and turn part of them to a level below the poor line. According to that the sustainable agricultural development problem is considered very important in Iraq now.The study explores the reasons of the agricultural sector deficiency in Iraq ,and suggests some programs to solve this problem through taking into account the international practices

اثر تغيرات اسعار النفط الخام على بعض المؤشرات الاقتصادية الكلية للاقطار العربية الاعضاء في منظمة (اوبك) للمدة (2007 - 1990) == The Effect of Changes In Crude Oil Prices On Some Macroeconomic Indicators For The Arab Countries Members of (Opec) For The Period (1990 - 2007)

Author name: وسام حسين علي حسين الدليمي
Supervisor name: علي احمد درج درويش الدليمي
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Master
University: University of Anbar - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Economics
Language: Arabic
University location: Anbar
First pages:
Abstract: ان اعتماد اغلب الاقطار العربية النفطية على سلعة النفط الخام وعوائدها باعتبارها سلعة اساسية لتمويل برامجها التنموية، جعل اقتصادات هذه الاقطار عرضة للتقلبات التي تشهدها اسعار النفط الخام، وتاثيرها في اداء الاقتصاد الكلي لهذه الاقطار. وتبرز اهمية الدراسة | The adoption of most Arab countries on oil and crude oil revenues as a key to financing their development programs , thes has made these economies vulnerable to fluctuation in crude oil prices and their impact on macroeconomic performance. Based on the the importance of research through the analysis of the relationship between changes in oil prices and the performance of some macroeconomic indictators and the corresponding directions in the analysis and the cloth of the economic theory , The aim involves the constriction of path ways between the theoretical changes in crude prices and the impact of these changes in some macroeconomic indicators , The research hypothesis is the existence of a positive a relationship between changes in crude oil prices and some macroeconomic indicators.The research inclouded a theoretical and quantitative analysis of the relationship between crude oil prices and macroeconomic indicators of some Arab countries members of the (OPEC) for the period (1990 - 2007).The results of economic analysis showed there is a positive impact of changes in crude oil prices on gorse demostic product, public spending , exports and imports in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia United Arab Emirates , Qatar , Kiewit , Jazzier and Libya.

المدن الالكترونية ودورها في الاقتصاد الفعال : دراسة في دول مختارة == E - Cities And Its Role In Effective Economy Study In Chosen Countries

Author name: نادية صالح مهدي الوائلي
Supervisor name: نوري عبد الرسول الخاقاني
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Master
University: University of Kufa - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Economics
Language: Arabic
University location: Najaf
First pages:
Abstract: The changes that resulted from the information and communication technology revolutions, affect all the economic, social and political life aspects, the development rates are increasing in the economies that are distinguished with the high potentialities on technical abilities, As for the information era, the wale world get into a developed stage to utilize the available techniques in the field of information and communication technology which become the basic standard of the 21st century's centuries. This development has revolutionized the concepts and methods were until recently not available, then the rapid development of other concepts prevailing in the methods of dealing at the level of countries, organizations and individuals so that the world has become a small village interrelated, and allowed to go beyond the dimension of time and space, to form a vital part of an active and influential in the implementation of this transactions. The economy is effectively in question is a stage of advanced knowledge - based economy, which depends on developments in information technology and communications, can be described the economy as being effective if the indicators of a functioning economy are working well, if the expanded use of e - commerce significantly and levels of investment in information technology high technology exports information constitutes a significant proportion of trade in general, and if the economy was powered through the Department and the Government of eBooks effective and sophisticated, and the city e - represents an appropriate environment in which there are indicators of a functioning economy, where there is a social structure developed in terms of information, as well as e - commerce and e - governance is working well, and this What helps to create a favorable investment climate for companies operating in the field of Information Technology and communication, and thus encourage the industries that operate in the field of information technology and communications.From this standpoint will be the theme (E - city and its impact on the effective economy) as an attempt to shed light on the new concept of the economy according to the economic vision of analytical for the purpose of diagnosing the possibility of applying a functioning economy in the economies in question, hoping to make a contribution in this field from the fields of economic knowledge

الازمة المالية العالمية لعام 2008 وانعكاساتها على اقتصادات اقطار مجلس التعاون الخليجي == International Financial Crises In 2008 And Its Impacts On The Economies of Gulf Cooperation Council Countries

Author name: مصطفى فاضل حمد ضاحي الفراجي
Supervisor name: علي احمد درج درويش الدليمي
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Master
University: University of Anbar - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Economics
Language: Arabic
University location: Anbar
First pages:
Abstract: The financial crisis (2008) is considered the greatest crisis after the crisis of the great depression (1929) since its effect is not limited to the industrial developed countries ,but also its negative aspect is reflected on the economies of the developing countries due to the economic openness. The banks have expanded granting insurance loans and not taking into consideration the ability of the borrowers to pay back these loans. In addition to the work of some financial institutions which are specialized in the insurance of the pledge of real estate by re - selling the debts through using notes leads to multiplying the loans by insurance of the assets itself. At the time of payment , most borrowers could not achieve their commitments and this, in its turn, urges the institutions to put hand on the real estates and display them for selling. Because of the increase of what is displayed, their prices decreased. Consequently, the crisis of the financial availability happened. This has led to the collapse of many financial institutions working in the pledge of real estate which results in economic shrinking to most economies and entering of some economies in the depression stage as in Germany and Greece. Although the efforts exerted by the developed countries in solving this crisis, all these plans were nothing but just to belittle the problem of the crisis. The impact of the crisis depends on the scope of the economic openness. Because of this economic openness by which the countries of the Gulf cooperative Council are characterized , the impacts of this crisis are reflected on these countries clearly. These countries are characterized by the huge size of financial activity all over the world, especially, the United American states and west Europe. Furthermore, the effect of this crisis led to the decrease of the prices of the world petrol which is considered the main source of government inputs and the decrease of the real materials prices that are exported by these countries. This led to getting back the financial and all the economic remarks of these countries. The Gulf financial markets suffered from great financial loses, especially, the invested money aboard. This is due to the effect of the crisis on the world financial crisis. Consequently, its negative effect is reflected on the Gulf markets because of the economic openness. The researcher tries, in the present study , to analyse the world financial crisis from the viewpoint of the reseans and their reactions, particularly, on the countries of the Gulf Cooperative Council. This is to solve the most important reactions, get benefit from the lessons of this crisis work on preventing the recursion of such financial crisis, protect the Arabic economies from the world financial crisis and stop the transformation of its impacts on the Arabic economies if it world happen in other economies

النقود والسياسة النقدية في الاقتصاد الاسلامي : تجربة السودان انموذجا == Money And The Monetary Policy In The Islamic (Sudani Experiment As A Model)

Author name: محمود عبيد صالح عليوي السبهاني
Supervisor name: سعيد علي محمد العبيدي
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Master
University: University of Anbar - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Economics
Language: Arabic
University location: Anbar
First pages:
Abstract: تعد النقود الاداة الفعالة التي تقدم للمجتمع بصورة عامة والفرد بصورة خاصة منافع عظيمة لذلك لها اهمية كبيرة في الدراسات الاقتصادية بصفتها اداة للتبادل ومخزنا للقيمة ومعيارا عاما لقياس اقيام السلع والخدمات، اذ ان النقود تكون اثمان للمبيعات وقيما للا | Money is the active tool that provides the society at large and the individual in particular with greet benefits.Thus, it is of great significance in economical studies as it rep resents the means of exchange, storage value and a general criterion to measure the prices of commode ities and services.business and the wage for efforts.The use of Money in any exchange process must be through the transfer of goods and services, because the reverse of this process will lead to default in the economic stability. This would contribute in to constituting crisis and economical problems such as the monetary crisis that hit the capital states and prevailed on to other states. therefore, these states resorted to decreasing the benefit rates into less than 1%. The importance of money in the Islamic economy appears in the Holy Quranic verses ,prophet sunna and the opinions Muslims cholars and experts in this con cern.The Monetary policy means the procedures and procedures and instruments used by the central bank ,as it represents the supreme monetary authority capable of effecting money supply or money liquidity. The solve economic problems such as inflation and recession. The can be accomplished according to the need of the prevailing situation in the economy.in case of inflation ,the central bank adopts as shrinking monetary policy solely aiming of dealing with the case in which the monetary flow would be greater that the commodity flow. in case of recession. It adopts ao expansion policy with the main goal to handle the case in which the real commodity flow will be greatr than the monetary flow.The central bank makes these changes to achieve the economic goals represent by the monetary and economic stability.stability in prices and to maintain an equilibrium in the balance of payments. as will as optimum use of economic resurces and economic development.The monetary policy in the Islamic Economy plays the same role as is the case in the posilive economy.the only difference is that the Islamic economy. Excludes usury and replaces the tools of the Islamic monetary police because the Islamic economy is based on prohibiting interest and replacing the sharing principle in loss profit instead of the guaranteed profit in all commercial, funding and economic processes.Three states namely Pakistan, Iran and sudan. Islamicized their monetary system. the sudani experiments is asuccessful, pioneering and ambitious notion that has attracted some economists through the replacement pf the Islamic Banking system and harmonizing it with the rules of Islamic sharia. It started working on this system in 1984. The Sudani Bank issued adecree notifying all banks of the intent to transfer in to the dealings in accordance with the Islamic forms.

تحليل لاثار برامج صندوق النقد والبنك الدوليين على اقتصادات دول عربية مختارة مع اشارة خاصة الى العراق

Author name: محمد يوسف محمد علي الفضل
Supervisor name: سعيد علي محمد العبيدي
General topic: Administration and Economics
Specific topic: Economy
Degree: Master
University: University of Anbar - Faculty Of Administration And Economics - Department Of Economics
Language: Arabic
University location: Anbar
First pages:
Abstract: ان الاصلاح الاقتصادي في العراق بمفهومه البسيط هو التحول من الاقتصاد الموجه الى اقتصاد السوق، وضمن هذا التعبير المبسط تنضوي مجموعة من الاجراءات التي بواسطتها يتم هذا التحول، لذا فان الاقتصاد العراقي يمر بمرحلة مهمة وحساسة وهي الانتقال من النظام الا | The Conclusion The Economic Reform according to its Simple aspect is the transformation from the Common economic to a free economic. within this expression there are number of procedures by which the transformation will be done. So that the Iraqi economic passes through a sensitive and important stage. By transforming from the social system to the capitalism system , This stage is well connected to the relation between Iraq and the International monetary Fund and the International Bank. These two institutions represent the monitor the organizer and the supervision of the transformation. The transportation and the transformation will be done by applying their programs which known as economic stabilization and the structural adjustment. After 2003 the relation of Iraq with the International monetary fund and the International Bank witnessed a refreshment by the Influence of the transformation and the change caused by the occupation of Iraq. This refreshment represented by many agreements between Iraq and the mentioned two institutions. These agreements granted Iraq many loans on one condition that Iraq must achieve all the programs and Iraq accepted the condition to solve some of the problems of the Iraqi economic. Eventually there must be a correcting movement which can be used as an exit to the Iraqi economy from the crisis that lasted three decades. After Iraq had moved on the economic reform and made the effort of correcting on the financial and monetary policy to willful the economic adjustment as a first and an important step to achieve the structural adjustment which is represented by releasing the prices and the foreign trade. Iraq worked hardly to release the prices and the foreign trade and Iraq was hesitated to achieve the privatization, so he decided to delay it to the next time, because Iraq made sure that the privatization will cause social problems like unemployment and poverty. At same time of the economic reform there were many obstacles preventing the process of the reform , The most important obstacles were the absence of security , The corruption and unjust in providing the well educated people with opportunities to have a role in Iraqi economy. The importance of this study is very clear in diagnosing the most important effects caused by the economic reform programs. That happened by the readable and descriptive analyses which called for the economic side and represented by the continuous advance in the macroeconomic variables of the Iraqi economic. Thus the Inflation red used from (%27) on 2004 to (%12) on 2008 and the foreign public debt red used from (131.2) Billion Dollar on 2004 to (32.3) Billion Dollar on 2008 and the increase of the Govern meant public budget became (12287.4) Million Dollar on 2007. In addition to the increase of the public revenue and also the standers of the individual salaries and the general Domestic product advanced. The social effect of these programs were affirmative in decreasing the unemployment from (%28.6) on 2004 to (%12) on 2007.
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