اسم المؤلف: احمد قاسم صالح علي التكريتي

اسم المشرف: سرمد زكي الجادر | فكرت نامق عبد الفتاح العاني

الموضوع العام: العلوم السياسية

السنة: 2005

الموضوع الدقيق: الدراسات الاستراتيجية

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة النهرين - كلية العلوم السياسية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

ازمة الاقتصاد الامريكي وانعكاساتها على الاقتصاد العالمي : حالة بلدان الجنوب == The Crisis of the American Economy and Its Reflections Upon the International Economy (The Condition of Southern Countries)

اسم المؤلف: وسن احسان عبد المنعم العزاوي

اسم المشرف: سرمد زكي الجادر | عبد علي كاظم المعمور

الموضوع العام: العلوم السياسية

السنة: 2005

الموضوع الدقيق: العلاقات الدولية والسياسة الخارجية

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة النهرين - كلية العلوم السياسية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: The course of development and progress, which the United States historically enjoyed, has made it emerge as a representative of power and authority in a way that it has not been matched by the greatest empires since the late 19th century. This is basically because of its profound economy that is based upon consistently scientific and technological developments, which has lead it stand for a luxurious economy, and consequently has pushed it to grow its military power and industry.Eventually, US now enjoys the privilege of being the only super power in the world. This last state by itself means the necessity of maintaining a war economy. This first decade of our millennium is witnessing the US as the sole supreme power in the world both military and technologically, especially after the collapse of the Soviet Union, so that it has become a surpassing example.Yet historically speaking, the US as an example has not been void of symptoms of weakness or crises that the American Economy has undergone. These have been the same economic problems that are manifested in any capitalist system and are peculiar to it the extent that this system has typically been identified with them. This is because the capitalist system is subject to the law of periodical development that transforms economy from the state of boom to a state of bust through crisis, then recycles the same course all over again, together with its bond with a group of renewals that have changed the organic structure of the capital as well as the production relationships with all the economic courses whether they were short, middle, or long - term. Economists proved that these courses were disorganized or interrupted and fragmentary by their nature, the thing which they called " inconstant monotony ". These are five economic courses starting with the wave of textile, machinery and ships; second, the wave of railways; next the development of cast iron production; then, the course of electricity, automobiles, and chemistry; finally the course of speedy armament, the importance of oil up to now, a long with the third scientific revolution based upon the course of knowledge and information technology.All these phases with their developments have led to transforming the nature of economic crises from crises sprung from excess in production to structural crises since 1970s up to day. The structural crises in the capitalist system is an international one including the whole capitalist world marked by reduction in the rates of industrial production growth, and weakness and break down in the conventional branches of heavy industry with a states of unbalance in the world trade and payments, with an inclination to excessive speculations.In order to exhaust the developing countries with such crises as unemployment, indebtedness, fund; in addition to severe financial crises. The American Economy's problem started post World War II. The questions, then, was how to maintain its high - standard growth, and how to lead the capitalist system and its expansions after it came out of the war with a potential economic power. In fact, this was particularly true when it observed in the horizon such problems like weakness in the rates of capital accumulation, merchandizing (demand), with deterioration in profit rates. By 1970s, the relative weight of US retreated by reason of the increase in merger among capitalist economies, and by the growth of world trade, international credits, direct external investments, together with the emergence of Europe and Japan as forces that had the aspects of economic ascent and competition against US.Therefore the American Economy witnessed economic unstableness started with the crises between the world fund and the US dollar, a long with the increase in the American benefit rates, the international financial crises, the crises of the American industry and the subsequent deficit in the balance sheet of US, which Regan's administration failed to solve. Rather, its utmost aspiration was to delay the deficit's growth, or at least to keep it at an annual rate of $ 140 billion.Despite the economic boom of 1990s, it was by no means due to the competitive factors of the Americans goods, nor were they due to the entirely successful economic policies or their convenience, but the essential reason was that the capitals' flow to US on a large scale ( from $ 88 billion in 1990 to $ 865 billion in 2001), and the increase of direct foreign investments, which by 1999 reached about $ 1087 billion with a raise in the American Stock purchases that attained its utmost peak in 2000 by foreign investors $192.7 billion, while the value of stock shares was $292.9 billion for the same year. Still, this does not mean that there were no instabilities or economic crises. These were because the decline of the revenue on investment as a result of unexpected decline in the profitability may lead to a keen negative correction in the American Stock market. In addition, the decline in the value of assets is in the turn bound to continues falling in the economy. Moreover, indebtedness increased for a decade till it reached $5.5 trillion.The debtors, in effect, found it hard to pay their debts, the thing which eventually caused deterioration of bank holdings and disappearance of every tendency for financing new companies. The deficit in the balance of trade also increased from $131 billion in 1993 to $257 billion in 1997 and further to $275 billion in 1999. as for the deficit in the current account, it increased from $ 70 billion in 1993 to $105 in 1999. all these led the competitive capacity of the American Goods to deteriorate in many fields. The issue pushed US to force many countries to open their markets for American Goods, whether through World Trade Organization (WTO) or by the inclusive trade law of US particularly as per article 301, which considers a country indebted if it does not open its markets for the foreign goods, services, and investments.Social crises, such as a wide spread of drugs, development of armed conflicts between the federal authorities and the armed groups, too, caused negative impacts upon the American Society, these became incurable social dilemmas in the lights of the economic - social situation's chastity in the American Society. Both American companies' crises and events of September 11 1 had their influence not only on the American Economy, but it extended to include all the economies of the world; on a larger scale, it covered almost all the manifestations of the economic life (international trade, US dollar's value against other major currencies, stock markets and bond business, investments, international economic organizations, oil, etc.). These two events also had political, military and social trails and dimensions - they influenced them in all the countries of the world, whether advanced capitalist countries or even the newly born ones, and including of course, the advanced developing countries, and finally the developing ones such as the states of our Arab Region.In the view of all this, future remains bound to meeting a certain provision, which it could be possible to count on. The possible scenes of the American Economy's crises is highly related to the present events; having into consideration the foreign changes that can with hold or enhance the referred phenomena. Accordingly, the present study specifies three possible, provisional scenes : continuity, singularity, by the access to the 21st century there were two serious developments in the American Economy horizontally so that they caused an economic reluctance in a rather unexpectedly fast manner.1.The first one was represented by a decline in the investment expenditure on information technology coincided by its increase in some other sectors with instabilities in the companies budgets.2.The second one was manifested by an acute retreat in the consumer's confidence that led to the reluctance in consumption expenditure.In the lights of these economic conditions which the American Economy has been undergoing, the huge explosions that hit World Trade Center and Pentagon in September 11th, 2001, had a very bad impact on this economy including such sectors as aviation, tourism, and insurance. They also affected the American Financial system and its major sectors such as : liquidity, insurance, stock markets and bond business. They also influenced the American Foreign policy and the national security that subsequently led to full targeting of terror in the world, and hence allocating the required human and material resources for it and breakdown. Each has its role in the possibility of that scene to take place according to its variations, its enhancing aspects, or the improbability of its occurrence by its with holding reasons. Also its advisable to observe that the US is still representing the only super power in the World and this states quo is conditioned by its economic, military, and political superiority. That can keep, develop and maintain it at least for the first half of the 21st century.

مستقبل الامن الاقتصادي العربي في ضوء المتغيرات الاقليمية الراهنة == The Security Future of The Arab Economy in The Light of The Current Regional Variables

اسم المؤلف: احمد باهض تقي الحميداوي

اسم المشرف: سرمد زكي الجادر | عماد عبد اللطيف سالم

الموضوع العام: العلوم السياسية

السنة: 2005

الموضوع الدقيق: العلاقات الدولية والسياسة الخارجية

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة النهرين - كلية العلوم السياسية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

الادراك الامريكي للعلاقات الاقتصادية مع دول مجلس التعاون الخليجي في ظل المتغيرات الاقليمية والدولية == THE AMERICAN PERCEPTION TO THE ECONOMIC RELATIONS WITH COUNCIL CO - OPERATION GULF COUNTRIES UNDER AND INTERNATIONAL THE REGIONAL VARIABLES

اسم المؤلف: عبد الصمد سعدون عبد الله الشمري

اسم المشرف: فكرت نامق عبد الفتاح العاني | عماد عبد اللطيف السامرائي

الموضوع العام: العلوم السياسية

السنة: 2005

الموضوع الدقيق: العلاقات الدولية والسياسة الخارجية

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة النهرين - كلية العلوم السياسية - قسم السياسة الدولية

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: The American Perception of the economic relations with the Arab Gulf Coopration Countries is at the essence of the American strategic thought, expressed as strategies and objectives towards the Arab Gulf area as a whole. Such relations, in turn, represent the American superior in such territory of the World. Further, various tools and justifications involved in these relations have been distinguished by security cover with in a wide American security strategy in the Arab Gulf from the mid - 1970 an beginning of the 1980. This issue was clearly stated in the political sequent speeches of the U.S Presidents at such period The present study aims to analyze, according to the systematic approach the structure of the aspects of the behavioral and dynamic variable of both the Gulf and American societies, as well. Some of such variables conduct as motivating and some are for the American realization towards these relations. Hence, to reach the implied concept for such realization. On the other hand , present study includes also aspects of the regional and international variables tackled in the Arab Gulf area which, these variables, are considered to be external impacts, pratising directly or in directly to fix the above realization inconformity with the American objectives or aims achieving the Imperial project in the middle east, taking the Arabian Gulf as a launching point. This is due to the fact that the Arabian Gulf is the wealthiest area in the world in the new millennium. For the above reasons, the U.S have under taken New inter national system formation from the beginning of the 1990s in line with the fall the Russian union in the end of the 1991.The New Inter national system is the neo - Liberal substitution to support the American trends in such anew project, enhanced by firstly the superior military technical of the U.S in the world, and secondly by guan teed all the political and economic efforts of both the U.S western and Gulf a llies for accomplishing the American aims and plans in this area of the world. From the events of September /2001 and beyond, the American imperial ambitions in the A rabian Gulf area have become more recognized, yet such period has correlated with has become to known as concept of terrorism which has been set according to the American view. Consequently, the U.S has guided the so called A nti - terrorism War,starting from A fghanston, along With the occupation of Iraq in 2oo3. In such war, the U.S has utilized the military power as the sole an ideal means to achieve the objectives set behand such a strategy for rest,ucturing the middle east in conformity with the American model . This new coure of the conducted by the U.S is an indication that it has become , the first super power which has become, in turn ,the leader of the world with in the New International system. But in contract ,violence and op - violence will be the main feature and the ongoing thretening of the furtural scane fasing the American project in the Arabian Gulf . Hence, the U.S has no more need for an international legislation for implementing its plans in such an area, since it relies highly on the American legislation to establish the economic realization on reality.

حسابات الامثليه لمنظومة حرف الحزمة الالكترونية == A COMPUTATIONAL OPTIMIZATION OF AN ELECTRON BEAM DEFLECTING SYSTEM

اسم المؤلف: عدي علي حسين العبيدي

الموضوع العام: علوم الفيزياء

السنة: 2005

الموضوع الدقيق: الفيزياء

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة النهرين - كلية العلوم - قسم الفيزياء

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: تم استخدام التقريبين التحليلي والتركيبي لطريقة الامثلية في الدراسة الحالية لايجاد التصميم الامثل للحارفات المغناطيسية والكهروسكونية التي تعطي اقل زيغ كروي ولوني. استخدم التقريب التركيبي في حسابات الحارفة المغناطيسية وتم استخدام ملف الانحراف ذو النير الراكب (saddle yoke deflection coil) مصدرا للمجال المغناطيسي، عدة نماذج لتوزيع المجال المحوري استخدمت في الحسابات وكذلك تم استخدام انموذج جديد تم اقتراحه في الدراسة الحالية. فكرة العدسة الشيئية المتحركة اعتمدت في حسابات مجال الانحراف، زيوغ الانحراف خفظت لكل انموذج لتوزيع المجال بتغيير شكل ملف الانحراف، حيث غير الطول والزاوية. باستخدام امثل توزيع للمجال المحوري لكل حالة تم ايجاد تصميم قطع القطب التي تعطي توزيعات المجال هذه باستخدام طريقة اعادة البناء.في حسابات الحارفة الكهروسكونية، كل من التقريبين التحليلي والتركيبي استخدما لايجاد التصميم الامثل الذي يعطي اقل زيغ. تم اولا، استخدام التقريب التحليلي لدراسة بعض تصاميم الحارفات الكهروسكونية والتي تتكون من صفيحتين متوازيتين؛ الوصول للامثلية تم بتغيير الشكل الهندسي للحارفة عن طريق تغيير ابعاد الصفائح المتوازية. ثانيا، التقريب التركيبي استخدم لايجاد اقل قيم للزيغ باستخدام توزيع جديد اقترح في الدراسة الحالية للحارفات الكهروسكونية تحت البحث. شكل الحارفة تم ايجاده باستخدام طريقة اعادة البناء.اخيرا، الحارفات المغناطيسية والكهروسكونية جمعـت وركبت لتعطي عامود كامل لانظمة الانحراف ورسمت مقاطع مستعرضة لمسارات الحزم.

حول حلول معادلات ليبانوف == About The Solutions of Lyapunov Equations

اسم المؤلف: عماد عباس كوفي الساعدي

الموضوع العام: علوم الرياضيات

السنة: 2005

الموضوع الدقيق: الرياضيات

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة النهرين - كلية العلوم

اللغة: الانكليزية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

اسم المؤلف: عبد القادر عزيز احمد الحيالي

اسم المشرف: احمد عباس مهنا العيساوي

الموضوع العام: العلوم الاسلامية

السنة: 2005

الموضوع الدقيق: الفقه

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: الجامعة العراقية - كلية الفقه واصوله

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: بغداد

الصفحات الاولى:

المنهج الاختباري في نهج البلاغة

اسم المؤلف: حميد سراج جابر الاسدي

اسم المشرف: رباب جبار طاهر السوداني

الموضوع العام: التاريخ

السنة: 2005

الموضوع الدقيق: التاريخ الاسلامي

الدرجة: دكتوراه

الجامعة: جامعة البصرة

اللغة: العربية

مكان الجامعة: البصرة

الصفحات الاولى:

المستخلص: Nehig Al - Balagah is abook Which has been Coolected and Written by Al - Sharif Al - Redi.This book contains the addresses , ulessages , prayers , orders and short address belongs to Imam Ali Abn Abi Talib (peace be upon him). The time has failed to abrade the speech and science of Imam Ali. Nehig Al - Balagah contains various kinds of science. Ther fore , many studies have been made about it. un fortunately thes studies are concentrated on the religions , social , poletical sides , and left the scientific side. If we examine Nehig Al - Balagah very weel we can noticethat there is scientific sense has not been understood by the scientists in that time , inspite of the explaination of Imam Ali for the scientestts , but now in this time with this scientific revelution , the meaning of thes sentes becom clear.The companions of the prophet and the followers don’t under stand what Imam Ali has from knowledge and science. They think that the scientific informeation in the holy Quran is just for the coheranee and grammatical matter. This means that there is nefther astudy for the scientific laws in the book nor astudy for the natural faets that have been mentioned by Imam Ali (pase be upon him). Taceuranee of the natural phenomenans is regular , sowe can discover these natural events by sense we mean that ther is static laws in the nature these laws are responssible of shaping the life in the nature. From this introduction we want to reach to very important point this point is that the scientificmind of Imam Ali in Nehig Al - Balagah. There are many scientific laws in the nature that have been mentioned by Imam Ali specily when he speaks about natural phenomenen , Man , Animals , and plant. The main aim of this study is to show the accurate note for Imam Ali (pease bewpon him) and his scientific information about this note. Inorder to make astudy for Nehig Al - Balagah , we divide our study to an prefase and three chapters , the prefase deals with the origin of Imam Ali thoughts. It contains the sources and science of Imam Ali (pease bewpon him). It also deals with the verious scieutific knowledge for Imam Ali. Also in the introduction we have made Nehig Al - Balagah as a tipical example for science. Also It deals with its subjects and attribution of the book. The first chapter deals with the scieutific theories and discoveries. In the book there are many of scieutific theories these theories are concerned with , space , Geography , physics theories , also there are many scieutific discoveries these discoveries different according to different fields. As far as the second chapter is concerned , This chapter is under the title on the laboratory study and test field. It is full of subjects. The laboratory study is divided in to three topics. The first theme is about Human body. It deals with phases of creation of the fetus , Anatomy of human body and the job of some origens , like , the eyes the ears , origens of breathing and origens of speech , heart and bones. The second them is about Animal laboratory. It deals with insects and birds laboratory. also it deals with the ways of proliferate of some Animals. The third theme is about plant laboratory. It deals with plant Anatomy and the types of the plant according to according to its ability. In addtion for these three themes in this chapter we have studed different science. As far as the third chapter is concerned , this chapter deals with Nehig Al - Balagah scieutific reports.these reports are spread in the whole book , if we collect and write these reports we can get one united report. also these reports are fully constracted and united and about one subject. There are many reports in the book , there fore , we have divide it in to three themes. The first theme is geographical report , it deals with the wind , geographical sitnition of the place and its effects. The second them is the medical report. It deals with many parts like , diagnosis and causes of the desease , indication of the desease , and the treatment for these deseases. The third theme is about Animals report , It deals with the places , way of living , hapits and deseases of Animals. Also there are many parts about these themes , that we try to explaine it with move details inorder to be very clear to the mind.

الملخص:

المصادر: