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تحضير وتشخيص معقدات جديده لبعض العناصر من مزيج قواعد شيف == Synthesis and Identification of New Metal Complexes of Some Mixed Schiff Bases Ligands

اسم المؤلف: حوراء كاظم سلوم
اسم المشرف: وليد علي محمود
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء اللاعضوية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: 1. 2 - (2 - aminoethyl)isoindoline - 1,3 - dione has been prepared from the reaction of the isobenzofuran - 1,3 - dione with 2 aminoethanaminium and the product was reacted with from Salicyaldehydeto to from Schiff base ligand (2 - (2 - (2 - hydroxy benzylideneamino) ethyl) isoindoline - 1,3 - dione (HL1). 2. (Z) - 4 - (2 - hydroxybenzylideneamino) - 1,5 - dimethyl - 2 - phenyl - 1H - dimethyl - 1 - phenyl - 3 - pyrozoline - 5 - on.the product was reactedwith salicylaldehyde to form Schiff base ligand(HL2).3. Awide range of new metal ions : (Cu(II), Ni(II),Co(II), Cr(III), Fe(III), Cd(II), Pd(II), VO(II), Hg(II), Mn(II),Re(V) and Zn(II)) complexes have been prepared from mixed ligands and characterized by Infrared , electronic absorption spectra ,thermal analysis,Elemental micro analysis, Mass spectra, molar conductivity, quantitative analysis of the metal ,magnetic measurements and chloride contents .4. The results showed the formation and the high purity of the free Schiff bases ligands and their metal complexes ,indicating that they are in a good agreement with the theoretical values . The fragments of the prepared free Schiff bases ligands are identified by mass spectrometer techniques in additional to IR , Electronic spectra and C.H.N . All the analysis of ligands are in good agreement with the theoretical values which indicated the purity of Schiff bases ligand 5. The thermo gravimetric analysis of Chromium (III),Ferric(III)and Rhenium (V) complexes were carried out at Laboratories of Ibn - AI - Haitham,University of Baghdad result showed were in a good agreement with the calculated values.7. The values of magnetic moment are showed that all the prepared metal complexes are paramagnetic except the(g(II),Cd(II),Zn(II) and Pd(II)) complexes are diamagnetic.6. From the above data ,the molecular structures for all the metal complexes were proposed to be octahedral excepted Palladium is square planar and Copper tetrahedral geomatry

دراسة حركية وثرموديناميكية لامتزاز بعض الاصباغ باستخدام اوراق الكالبتوز العراقية جطيواث الفضة النانوية المحضره منها == Kinetic, and the Thermodynamic Studies of Adsorption of Some Dyes by Using Iraqi Eucalyptus Leaves and Silver nanoparticl prepared from it

اسم المؤلف: حنين فاضل عباس
اسم المشرف: احلام محمد فرحان
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء الفيزيائية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study is involved on the preparation of Eucalyptus leaves powder and silver nano particl from Eucalyptus leaves powder and analysis the prepared compound using different techniques, and then study the efficiency of adsorption of the Eucalyptus leaves powder and silver nano particl of Gentain Violet and Fuchsin acid LRThe study includes two parts : - The First part : - Astudy of adsorption aqueous of Gentain Violet and Fuchsin acid LR dyes on Eucalyptus leaves powder , the determine the active group of Eucalyptus leaves powder using FTIR, and after that were followed decdorization removal for dyes(GV, AFD) on surface of Eucalyptus leaves powder through the study spectro and when the different conditions of concentration, acidic function adsorbent dose, temperature equilibrium condition . the result that the higher removal for GV is (88.5) and (90.67)for AFD. The equilibrium data were fitted to the Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherm, and the result show that the Freundlich isotherm exhibited the most appropriate to predict the experimental results of GVand AFD dyes. For studying the effect of temperature on the adsorption, the thermodynamic parameters such as standard Gibbs free energy change (ΔG ̊), standard enthalpy (ΔH ̊), and standard entropy change (ΔS ̊), have been studied using thermodynamics equation. The thermodynamic analysis of the dyes adsorption GV dye on Eucalyptus leaves powder indicate that the system is non spontaneous and exothermic in nature, while the AFD dye adsorption is spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The effect of ionic strength on adsorption is also studied dy using different concentration (NaCl), it is found that the adsorption of GV is increased with increasing the ionic strength more than the AFD dye with increasing the ionic strength . In order to examine the kinetics of adsorption process two models have been studied, pseudo - first order, pseudo - second order kinetic, it is found the result that the adsorption can fellow more appropriately the pseudo - second order.The Second part : - this part involves preparation of nano silver particles from AgNO3 at different concentration (0.01 and 0.001 M) and three ratio of ELE : AgNO3 (1 : 5, 1 : 6, 1 : 10 ). by using "green synthesis", and analysis the prepared AgNPs from Eucalyptus leaves powder using different techniques, such as X - Ray diffraction study, Atomic Force Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscopy, UV - visible spectrophotometry. The results show that the average particles size rang (80 - 95nm), after that the application for prepared compounds were performed, the aqueous solution of GV and AFD were used as model of waste water to study the adsorption capacity of AgNPs from Eucalyptus leaves powder . The results show that the adsorption capacity of GV and AFD dyes on Eucalyptus leaves powder with AgNPs increased then adsorption of GV and AFD on Eucalyptus leaves powder at equilibrium condition .

تحضير وتشخيص مشتقات الكومارين الجديدة المشتقة من الريسورسينول == Synthesis and Characterization of New Coumarin Derivatives Derived from Resorcinol

اسم المؤلف: ايناس سالم مهدي صالح
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء العضوية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يتضمن هذا البحث تحضير خمسة وثلاثون مشتق جديد من المركب (7 - هيدروكسي - 4 - مثيل كومارين)، وقد تم دراستها وتشخيصها بواسطة خواصها الفيزيائية وبعض التحاليل الطيفية مثل : اطياف الاشعة تحت الحمراء وطيف الرنين النووي المغناطيسي وطيف الكتلة وتقنية التحليل الكمي الدقيق للعناصر.وتم تقسيم تحضير المركبات الى ثلاثة اقسام :  الجزء الاول يتضمن تحضير المركب (7 - هيدروكسي - 4 - مثيل كومارين) من تفاعل الريسورسينول مع الاثيل اسيتواستيت واعتبار هذا المركب المحضر كمركب بداية لتخليق مشتقات مختفلة مثل : مشتقات الكرومين والازو كومارين ،بجانب تفاعلات اخرى مثل نيترة الكومارين وتفاعلات غلق حلقي باستخدام البولي فسفوريك اسيد لتكوين مركبات تحتوي حلقات (ثنائي هيدروفيوران - 3 - ون) و(الايميدازول).وهذه المركبات]1 - 10[مبينة في المخطط (1). الجزء الثاني يشمل تخليق سلاسل جديدة من مشتقات الكينولين،الجالكون، 3،1 - ثايزين، قواعد مانخ، قواعد شيف.وهذه المركبات ]11 - 29[ مبينة في المخطط (2). الجزء الثالث يتضمن مفاعلة الكومارين مع (2،1 - داي كلورو ايثان) لينتج مشتق جديد من مركبات الكرومين ،حيث يدخل هذا المركب المحضرفي تخليق مشتقات 2 - (4 - مثيل - 2 - اوكسو - كرومين - 7 - يلوكسي).وهذة المركبات ]30 - 35[ مبينة في المخطط (3). | This research includes synthesis of thirty five new derivatives of (7 - hydroxy - 4 - methyl coumarin).These derivatives were characterized by their physical properties and some spectral analysis such as : FT - IR, 1H - NMR, GC - MS and micro elemental analysis C.H.N.S technique.The synthesized compounds were devided into three parts : -  The first part includes preparation of (7 - hydroxy - 4 - methyl coumarin) by the reaction of resorcinol with ethyl acetoacetate and considered as starting compound for synthesis various derivatives such as chromene and azo coumarin derivatives besides other reactions such as nitration of coumarin and clouser ring reactions using poly phosphoric acid to produce compounds containing (dihydrofuran - 3(2H) - one) and (imidazole) rings and these synthesized compounds [1 - 10] are showed in scheme (1).  The seconed part involves synthesis a new series from quinolin, chalcone, 1,3 - thaizine, mannich bases and schiff bases derivatives and these synthesized compounds[11 - 29] are showed in scheme (2). The third part includes reaction of coumarin with1,2 - dichloroethane to produce a new chromene derivative and the latest entered into synthesis of 2 - (4 - methyl - 2 - oxo - 2H - chromen - 7 - yloxy) derivatives and these synthesized compounds[30 - 35] are showed in scheme (3).

تحضير وتشخيص معقدات ثنائية النواة جديدة لبعض العناصر الفلزية المشتقة من قاعدة شف == Synthesis and Characterization of Some new dinuclear Metal Complexes for Schiff base derivative

اسم المؤلف: امنه محمد عبد الرحمن
اسم المشرف: حسام حيدر الطويل
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: يتضمن البحث تحضير وتشخيص ليكاند رباعي السن [Sodium(z) - 2 - ((2 - chloro - 4((2(diethylamino)ethyl)carba - moyl) - 5 - methoxy phenyl) imino propanoate] [NaL] . من تفاعل metoclopramide مع sodium pyruvate باستعمال الايثانول كمذيب وبطريقة التصعيد الحراري، تم تشخيص الليكاند المحضر باستخدام اطياف الاشعة تحت الحمراء، الاشعة فوق البنفسجية، طيف الرنين النووي المغناطيسي للبروتون وللكاربون13، طيف الكتلة، التحليل الدقيق للعناصر (كاربون.هيدروجين .نتروجين) ودرجات الانصهار. ان التركيب الجزيئي المحتمل لليكاند [NaL] رسم باستخدام برنامج Chem. office 2006 كما موضح في الشكل ادناه : igand [NaL]كذلك حضرت معقدات الليكاند (NaL) للايونات الفلزية وغير الفلزية Cr3+وMn2+ وCo2+ وNi 2+ وCu2+ وZn2+ وCd2+و Pd2+ جميع هذه المعقدات المحضرة شخصت بواسطة الطرق الطيفية اطياف الاشعة تحت الحمراء، الاشعة فوق البنفسجية - المرئية، محتوى الكلور، درجة الانصهار مع قياسات التوصيلية المولارية والحساسية المغناطيسية. وتم استنتاج الشكل الهندسي المتوقع هو ثماني السطوح حول الايونات الفلزية وغير الفلزية [Cr3+, Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+] والشكل الهندسي المتوقع يكون مربع مستوي حول الايون الفلزي Pd2+ . تم دراسة الفعالية الحيوية لليكاند[NaL] والمعقدات المحضرة باستعمال طريقة التثبيط. ولقد اثبتت النتائج ان المعقدات والليكاند [NaL]تكون نشاطا" لجميع البكتريا المدروسة ماعدا المعقدات [(Mn)2(L)(Cl)2(H2O)6]Cl و[(Ni)2(L)2(CL)2(H2O)6]Cl و[(Cr)2(L)(Cl)4(H2O)4]Cl مع Staphylococcus وPseudomonas والمعقدات و[(Mn)2(L)(Cl)2(H2O)6]Cl و[(Ni)2(L)2(CL)2(H2O)6]Cl مع Bacillus والمعقدات [(Co)2(L)(Cl)2(H2O)6]Cl و[(Ni)2(L)2(CL)2(H2O)6]Cl و[(Cu)(L)2(CL)2(H2O)6]Cl و[(Cr)2(L)(Cl)4(H2O)4]Cl مع E - coli والليكاند مع Staphylococcus والتي دلت النتائج عدم حدوث تغير ملموس لقطر التثبيط. | The aim of the work is synthesis and characterization of tetradentate ligand [Sodium (z) - 2 - ((2 - chloro - 4((2(diethylamino) ethyl) carbamoyl) - 5 - methoxy phenyl) imino propanoate] [NaL] from the reaction of metoclopramide with sodium pyruvate [NaL], the reaction was carried out in ethanol as a solvent under reflux. The prepared ligand [NaL] was characterized by FT - IR, UV - Vis spectroscopy,1H,13C - NMR spectra, mass spectra, elemental microanalysis (C.H.N) and melting point. The proposed molecular structure ligand [NaL] was drawn,by using Ultra Chem. office program (2006). As shown in figure below : Ligand [ NaL ]The ligand complexes for the metal ions Cr3+, Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Cd2+ and Pd2+ were prepared and characterized by spectroscopic methods (FT - IR , UV - Vis spectroscopy), (A.A), chloride content, melting point, molar conductance and magnetic susceptibility. These measure - ments showed octahedral geometry around (Cr+3 ,Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cd2+) ions and square planner around Pd2+ ion. The biological activity of the ligand [NaL] and their complexes were studied using inhibition zone method which showed that these complexes have good activity against all the tested bacteria, except [(Mn)2(L)(Cl)2 (H2O)6]Cl,[(Ni)2(L)(Cl)2(H2O)6]Cl and[(Cr)2(L)(Cl)4 (H2O)4]Cl with Stap - hylococcus and Pseudomonas, [NaL] with Staphylococcus , [(Mn)2(L) (Cl)2 (H2O)6]Cl and [(Ni)2(L)(Cl)2(H2O)6] Cl with Bacillus ,[(Co)2(L)(Cl)2 (H2O)6] Cl, [(Ni)2(L)(Cl)2(H2O)6] ,[(Cu)2(L)(Cl)2(H2O)6]Cl and [(Cr)2(L) (Cl)4 (H2O )4]Cl with E - coli

تحضير وتشخيص قواعد شف ومعقداتها المشتقة من الازاتين واستخدامها في استخلاص ايون النيكل الثنائي == Synthesis and characterization of Schiff Bases and its complexes derived from isatin and using in extraction of nickel ion(II)

اسم المؤلف: الاء محمد علي عبد الامير
اسم المشرف: ساهر عبد الرضا علي | ابراهيم عبود فليفل
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: ذي قار
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The present work include preparation of three ligands (schiff base) derived from condensation reaction isatin and 5 - Bromoisatin and 5 - Methyl isatin with (2 - aminoBenzylamine) ,to give the following ligands : (z) - 3 - (2 - ((z) - 2 - oxoindolin - 3 - ylideneamino)benzylimino)indolin - 2 - one (z)5 - bromo - 3 - (2 - ((z) - 2 - oxoindolin - 3 - ylideneamino)benzylimino)indolin - 2 - one (z)5 - methyl - 3 - (2 - ((z) - 2 - oxoindolin - 3 - ylideneamino)benzylimino)indolin - 2 - one The new complexes were prepared from the reactions of ligands L1,L2,L3 with the transition metal chlorides (NiCl2.6H2O,CoCl2.6H2O, CrCl3.6H2O).The prepared derivatives and Their complexes were studied and characterized by elemental analysis (CHN),Infrared(IR),Spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy(1H - NMR),Mass Spectra , Molar conductivity techniques were used. The complexes of [Ni(II), Co(II), Cr(III)] for all ligands have shown octahedral configuration. Shiff base has been stadied by liquid - liquid extraction to words the metal ion Ni2+ from aqueous phase to organic phase .the study of condition o extraction shows that the optimum pH values for extraction was (pH= 8). the suitable concentration of (L3) was(1×10_2M).so the suitable concentration of Ni2+ ion in aqueous solution wich is giving highest distribution ratio (D) was(80μg/ml) .the optimum shaking time to reach the equilibria was(15 minute). The results show that D and (E%) depend on the structure of organic solvent used.the temperature effct that areduce in the efficiency of extraction with increase of temperature means that the reaction is exothermic .The (L3) use in the extraction of nickel from sample of tobacco . it was found that the efficiency of extraction is (E %= 98.98 ) .

دراسة تاثير مستويات الكلوكاكون شبيه الببتيد - 1 GLP - 1 على المتغيرات المرتبطة عند مرضى فرط الدهون العراقيين مع داء السكري النوع الثاني == Study the Effect of Glucagon Like Peptide - 1 (GLP - 1) Levels on Related Parameters in Iraqi Hyperlipidemia Patients with Type II Diabetes Mellitus

اسم المؤلف: احمد عدنان لازم السراجي
اسم المشرف: منتهى عباس لفتة
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
الجامعة: جامعة بغداد
اللغة: الانكليزية
مكان الجامعة: بغداد
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو مقارنة تاثير الجلوكاجون شبيه الببتيد - 1 (GLP - 1) في مصل مرضى فرط شحميات الدم وفرط شحميات الدم مع داء السكري من النوع الثاني بالمقارنة مع الاصحاء , قد قسمت المجاميع الى المجموعة الاولى (G1 ) وتتكون من 45)) من الافراد الاصحاء (ذكور واناث) , المجموعة الثانية (G2 ) وتتكون من 45)) من مرضى فرط الدهون بالدم (ذكور واناث) والمجموعة الثالثة (G3) وتتكون من 45)) من مرضى فرط الدهون المصابين بداء السكري (ذكور واناث) , تم استبعاد كلا من المدخنين , مدمني الكحول , مرضى القلب والاوعية الدموية ,المتعالجين بالانسولين , مرضى الكلى , الفشل الكبدي والمتعالجين بالاستاتين تم تقدير مستوى الهيموغلوبين المتشكر(HbA1c) في الدم الكلي لكل المجاميع , تم استخدام مصل الدم لتقدير مستوى السكر في الدم , صورة الدهون , الانسولين , الكلوكاكون والكلوكاكون شبيه الببتيد - 1 , مقاومة الانسولين تم قياسها حسابيا بطريقة حساب تقييم التوازن النموذجي لمقاومة الانسولين والذي يساوي] تركيزالكلوكوز الصيامي(ملي مول/لتر )× تركيز الانسولين الصيامي(نانوغرام/مل)/22.5[. مؤشر تصلب الشرايين تم تعيينه من خلال المعادلة ]مؤشر البلازما المعصد=لوغارتم(الدهون الثلاثية/الدهون البروتينية عالية الكثافة)[ ومؤشر كتلة الجسم من خلال المعادلة} الوزن (كغم)\ الطول (متر مربع){ .تشير النتائج الى زيادة معنوية في معدلات سكر الدم الصيامى ووسكر الدم التراكمي في المجموعة الثالثة مقارنة بالمجموعتين الاولى والثانية , اشارت النتائج الى ارتفاع معنوي في معدلات الكوليسترول الكلي والدهون الثلاثية والبروتينات الدهنية واطئة الكثافة والبروتينات الدهنية واطئة الكثافة جدا في المجموعتين الثانية والثالثة مقارنة بمجموعة الاصحاء , كما وجد انخفاض معنوي في معدلات البروتينات الدهنية عالية الكثافة في المجموعتين الثانية والثالثة مقارنة بالمجموعة الاولى . لا يوجد ارتفاع معنوي في معدلات الكوليسترول الكلي والدهون الثلاثية والبروتينات الدهنية واطئة الكثافة والبروتينات الدهنية واطئة الكثافة جدا في المجموعة الثالثة مقارنة بالمجموعة الثانية , لا يوجد انخفاض معنوي في معدلات البروتينات الدهنية عالية الكثافة في المجموعة الثالثة مقارنة بالمجموعة الثانية.كشفت النتائج ايضا عن ارتفاع معنوي في معدلات مؤشر تصلب الشرايين في المجموعتين الثانية والثالثة مقارنة بمجموعة الاصحاء وايضا وجد ارتفاع معنوي في المجموعة الثالثة مقارنة بالمجموعة الثانية . كشفت النتائج انه لا يوجد انخفاض معنوي في معدلات الانسولين في المجموعة الثانية مقارنة بالمجموعة الاولى , بينما اشارت النتائج الى انخفاض معنوي في معدلات المجموعة الثالثة مقارنة بالمجموعتين الاولى والثانية .كشفت النتائج الى ان معدلات الكلوكاكون منخفضة في المجموعتين الثانية والثالثة مقارنة بالمجموعة الاولى , بينما اشارت النتائج الى انخفاض معنوي في المجموعة الثالثة مقارنة بالمجموعة الثانية .اشارت النتائج الى انخفاض معنوي في معدلات الكلوكاكون شبيه الببتيد - 1 (GLP - 1 ) في المجموعة الثانية مقارنة بالمجموعة الاولى , وايضا وجد انخفاض معنوي عالي في مجموعة مرضى السكري مقارنة بالمجموعة الاولى والثانية .اوضحت النتائج انه توجد علاقة غير معنوية ايجابية للكلوكاكون شبيه الببتيد - 1 مع السكر التراكمي في المجموعة الاولى , بينما توجد علاقة معنوية سلبية عالية في المجموعتين الثانية والثالثة , توجد علاقة معنوية ايجابية عالية للكلوكاكون شبيه الببتيد - 1 مع مؤشر كتلة الجسم في المجموعات الاولى والثانية والثالثة , توجد علاقة غير معوية ايجابية للكلوكاكون شبيه الببتيد - 1 مع الكوليسترول في المجموعة الاولى , بينما توجد علاقة معنوية سلبية عالية في المجموعتين الثانية والثالثة , توجد علاقة معنوية سلبية للكلوكاكون شبيه الببتيد - 1 مع الدهون الثلاثية في المجموعتين الاولى والثالثة , بينما توجد علاقة معنوية ايجابية عالية في المجموعة الثانية , توجد علاقة معنوية ايجابية للكلوكاكون شبيه الببتيد - 1 مع البروتينات الدهنية عالية الكثافة في المجموعة الاولى ,بينما توجد علاقة معنوية سلبية عالية في المجموعتين الثانية والثالثة , توجد علاقة معنوية سلبية عالية للكلوكاكون شبيه الببتيد - 1 مع البروتينات الدهنية واطئة الكثافة في المجموعات الاولى والثانية والثالثة , توجد علاقة معنوية سلبية عالية للكلوكاكون شبيه الببتيد - 1 مع البروتينات الدهنية واطئة الكثافة جدا في المجموعتين الاولى والثالثة , بينما توجد علاقة معنوية ايجابية عالية في المجموعة الثانية , توجد علاقة معنوية سلبية عالية للكلوكاكون شبيه الببتيد - 1 مع مؤشر تصلب الشرايين في المجموعة الاولى , بينما توجد علاقة معنوية ايجابية عالية في المجموعة الثانية وتوجد عاقة معنوية ايجابية في المجموعة الثالثة , توجد علاقة غير مع معنوية سلبية للكلوكاكون شبيه الببتيد - 1 مع الانسولين في المجموعة الاولى والثانية , بينما توجد علاقة معنوية ايجابية عالية في المجموعة الثالثة , توجد علاقة معنوية سلبية عالية للكلوكاكون شبيه الببتيد - 1 مع الكلوكاكون في المجموعة الاولى والثالثة , بينما توجد علاقة معنوية سلبية في المجموعة الثانية , توجد علاقة معنوية سلبية عالية للكلوكاكون شبيه الببتيد - 1 مع مقاومة الانسولين في المجموعتين الاولى والثانية , بينما توجد علاقة معنوية ايجابية في المجموعة الثالثة . | The objective of this study is to compare the effect of glucagon like peptide - 1 (GLP - 1) in sera of hyperlipidemia patients and hyperlipidemia with type 2 diabetes mellitus compared to healthy control , the groups are : G1 consists of 45 (male and female) healthy individuals , G2 consists of 45 (male and female)hyperlipidemia patients and G3 consists of 45 (male and female) hyperlipidemia patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, smokers, alcoholics and patient with cardiovascular disease, insulin treatments, kidney disease ,hepatic failure and statin treatments were excluded. Glycosylated hemoglobin HbA1c was determined in whole blood for all groups. The serum used in determination of fast blood glucose ( FBG), lipid profile, insulin , glucagon and GLP - 1 . Atherogenic index of plasma (AIP)was calculated from the formula AIP=Log(TG/HDL), body mass index (BMI) was calculated from the formula BMI =[weight in Kg /( height in meter)2] , and HOMA - IR was calculated from the formula HOMA - IR=[(Glucose x Insulin)/22.5] Results revealed that there was significant increase in FBG and HbA1c in G3 compared to G1 and G2 .There was significant elevation in total cholesterol(T.ch) , triglyceride (TG) , low density lipoprotein (LDL) and very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in G2 and G3 compared to G1. Also there was significant reduction in HDL in G2 and G3 compared to G1. There was no significant elevation in T.ch , TG , LDL and VLDL in G3 compared with G2 .Also there was no significant reduction in HDL in G3 compared with G2 . Results also showed that there was significant increase in AIP in G2 and G3 compared with G1 , and in G3 compared with G2 . The results also illustrated no significant reduction in insulin in G2 compared with G1 , whereas there was significant reduction in G3 compared with G1 and G2 , Also the results indicated that there was significant reduction in glucagon in G2 and G3 compared with G1 and significant reduction in G3 compared with G2 . Results found that there was significant reduction in GLP - 1 in G2 compared with G1 , whereas there was high significant reduction in G3 compared with G1 and G2 . Results illustrated no significant positive correlation was found of GLP - 1 with HbA1c in G1 , while high significant negative correlation in G2 and G3 .high significant positive correlation of GLP - 1 with BMI in G1 , G2 and G3 . No significant positive correlation was found of GLP - 1 with T.ch in G1 , while high significant negative correlation in G2 and G3 . High significant negative correlation of GLP - 1 with TG in G1 and G3 , while high significant positive correlation in G2. High significant positive correlation of GLP - 1 with HDL in G1 ,while high significant negative correlation G2 and G3 . High significant negative correlation of GLP - 1 with LDL in G1 , G2 and G3 . High significant negative correlation of GLP - 1 with VLDL in G1 and G3 , while high significant positive correlation in G2 .High significant negative correlation of GLP - 1 with AIP in G1 , while high significant positive correlation in G2 and significant positive correlation in G3 . No significant negative correlation was found of GLP - 1 with insulin in G1 and G2 , while high significant positive correlation in G3 .High significant negative correlation of GLP - 1 with glucagon in G1 and G3 , while significant negative correlation in G2 .High significant negative correlation of GLP - 1 with HOMA - IR in G1 and G2 , while significant positive correlation in G3

تحضير وتشخيص مثبطات تاكل جديدة من اعادة تدوير بولي اثلين ترفثاليت وتقييم كفاءتها في تثبيط تاكل الصلب الكربوني في الوسط الحامضي == Preparation and Characterization of New Corrosion Inhibitors from Polyethylene Terphthalate (PET) and Study its efficientcy As to Inhibit the Corrosion of Carbon Steel in Acidic Media

اسم المؤلف: منتظر فريد الاسدي
اسم المشرف: مؤيد نعيم خلف
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The research included synthesis ,characterization and evaluation of new corrosion inhibitors(bis(2 - hydroxy ethyl) thioterphthalte and bis(2 - hydroxyethyl)terephthalate from recycled waste polyethylene terephthalate . The best percent of the two corrosion inhibitors were reached after many experiments, which included study many factors like temperature, catalyst , the equivalent weight of reactants and others. The synthesized corrosion inhibitors were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy . The two inhibitors were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors using sulfuric acid as corrosion media for carbon steel( carbon steel C1010) . The factors effect on the rate of corrosion like temperature , concentration of inhibitor were studied by the electrochemical technique using the Tafel plot. The obtained results at temperatures range ( 298, 308,318,328 K) were used to calculate many factors that determined the efficiency of the inhibitor like corrosion rate , charge transfer resistance and inhibitor efficiency. it was observed that the corrosion rate and charge transfer of the carbon steel for the inhibitors increases with increase of temperature and decreases with increase of the inhibitor concentration in the same temperature. The Results showed that both inhibitors had very high inhibition in reducing the corrosion rate . The inhibition efficiency reached (96%) for the bis(2 - hydroxy ethyl) thioterphthalate for the 24ppm and (91%) for the bis (2 - hydroxy ethyl) terephthalate for the 25ppm .Many thermodynamics functions was calculated ,activation energy a ,entropy S , enthalpy  and free energy G during the different experiment conditions ,which was indicated of the corrosion inhibition efficiency and the type of the inhibition. The obtained results showed that the two inhibitors were very efficient to reduce the corrosion rate in the acidic media and from the G data the type of adsorption was chemical because the value of Gads was higher than (20 KJ/mol) .

تحضير وتشخيص وتقييم بعض معقدات قواعد شف لايوني النحاس والموليبدينوم كمثبطات تاكل لسبيكة حديد الصلب الكربوني في الوسط الحامضي == Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of Some Schiff Base’s Complexes of Copper and Molybdenum Ions as Corrosion Inhibitors for Carbon Steel Alloy in Acidic Medium

اسم المؤلف: محمد علي مهدي الحلفي
اسم المشرف: زكي ناصر كاظم | هادي زيارة محمد
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: In this study, two types of Schiff base were prepared as ligands L1, L2, by reaction of an equal number of moles of tris(hydroxymethyl) methyl amine with salysildehyde and vanillin in a methanolL1 : ((E) - 2 - ((2 - hydroxybenzylidene) amino) - 2 - (hydroxymethyl) propane - 1,3 - diol) L2 : ((E) - 2 - ((4 - hydroxy - 3 - methoxybenzylidene) amino) - 2 - (hydroxymethyl) propane - 1,3 - diol).The Cu(II) and Mo(VI) complexes were prepared to produce the : - A1 : tetrakis(μ3 - 2 - {[1,1 - bis(hydroxymethyl) - 2 - oxidoethyl] iminomethyl} - phenolato) tetrakis [aqua copper(II)].A2 : tetrakis(μ3 - 2 - {[1,1 - bis(hydroxymethyl) - 2 - oxidoethyl] iminomethyl} - 2 - meth - oxy} - phenolato) tetrakis [aqua copper(II)].B1 : (E) - 2 - methyl - 2 - ((2 - ((methyl(l1 - oxidanyl) dioxomolybdenio) oxy) benzylidene) amino) propane - 1,3 - diol).B2 : (E) - 2 - ((4 - hydroxy - 3 - ((methyl(l1 - oxidanyl) dioxomolybdenio) (methylene) - l4 - oxidanyl) benzylidene) amino) - 2 - methyl) propane - 1,3 - diol).The ligands and complexes were characterized by Fouries transformer infrared FTIR, UV and NMR techniques.All these techniques insisted that the ligands and their complexes were prepared successfully.On the other hand, the four complexes A1, B1, A2 and B2 were evaluated as corrosion inhibitors against a corrosive environment of 0.1M of hydrochloric acid at constant temperature of 25°C and different concentration for each one of the above complexesIIrange (10 - 50) ppm and it has been found that the efficiency of inhibition at a temperature 25℃ are not highly efficient, the KI was added in order to increase the efficiency of these inhibitors values to these inhibitors.The inhibition efficiency for all inhibitors was increased in presence of KI compared with the absence of it.On the other hand, the complexes of copper i.e., A1 and A2 have higher efficiency than molybdenum complexes i.e. (B1 and B2) this can be attributed to the ability of copper ion (II) to donate the electron density to the ligand by back donation competence these behaviour compared with molybdenum ion (VI) that has not the ability that present in copper ion, Also studied the effect of concentration of the inhibitor prepared in other temperatures change separately and these grades are within the range (35 - 55) ℃ has been observed that efficiency does not increase either the existence of KI with the inhibitor, or without, but the decreasing efficiency with increasing temperature, means that the inhibitor adsorbed physically on carbon steel alloy.The functions thermodynamic adsorption such as free energy, enthalpy and entropy were studies depending on the adsorbent layer θ on the surface of the carbon steel alloy. The data was shown all the complexes are subject to model for Langmuir adsorption was shows the free energy negative values means that the interaction is spontaneous and notes total increasing of the temperature less than the negative value of the free energy leading to towards the is non - spontaneous. The negative values of enthalpy means that the interaction is exothermic, the negative value of the entropy of adsorption ΔSads and gradually moving toward positive values with a high temperature means that the random was less in high temperature. Also the kinetics of corrosion in the absence and present of the inhibitor was studied with KI in (0.1) M HCl. The activation energy and other thermodynamic function such as enthalpy and entropy and free energy was shown that the higher activation energy in presence inhibitor and it was higher in presence of KI with inhibitor. This is an indication that the interaction of corrosion is small in the presence of these inhibitors.

تقدير بعض المغذيات في نماذج مختلفة بوساطة تقنية كروماتوغرافيا التبادل الايوني مصنع محليا == Determination of some nutrients in different Samples by Home - made ion exchange chromatography technique

اسم المؤلف: نور عبد الحكيم عبد الرزاق عبد الله الباهلي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This work includes three chapters. The first chapter focuses in general on chromatography and specifically on Ion Chromatography ( IC ) and recent application for some nutrient determination .The second chapter, Experimental parts, describes all parts of the homemade semi - automated IC system, procedure solution chemicals sampling and the optimu m conditions used in this study also illustrate.The last chapter , result and dissection demonstrates the application of IC system for determination of NO2 - NO2 - and PO4 3 - ions in details.Linearity's were in the range 2.5 - 12.5 , 2.5 - 12.5 and 7.0 - 35 mg/L with regression coefficient 0.9950 , 0.9960 and 0.9990 the ± RSD % equal to ± 0.45% , ± 0.56% and ± 0.51 % the recoveries were the range 100% , 96% and 95% which were found by standard additions method the sample throughput were 8.0, 6.0 and 3.0 sample/hour for NO2 - ,NO2 - and PO4 3 - ions respectively .The final parts in this chapter displays the application of the IC systemfor determination of NO2 - ,NO2 - and PO43 - ions in water some pharmaceutical preparations and soft drinks samples with simple eco and simultaneous method .

تحضير وتشخيص ودراسة طيفية وكهربائية وحرارية لبعض مركبات البورفرازين الجسرية == Synthesis, Characterization with Spectroscopic and Thermal and Electrical Studies for Some of Bridged Porphrazine Compounds

اسم المؤلف: مصطفى هاشم موكر
اسم المشرف: نزار عبد الامير حسين
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study includes a preparation of some Tetrapyrazino Porphrazine Compounds and new Bridged Compounds with General Formula (MPzDCB)n ,(MPzCN)n where M is Fe(II) and Co(II) and VO(IV) .These compounds prepared by different method diagnosed by (elemental analysis (CHN), InFrared of spectrum , Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy , Electronic Absorption Spectrometry (u.v), X - ray Diffraction Measurements, Thermographimetric analysis , Finally diaynosed electrical Properties) .The Results showed for the analysis of microelements good Convergence between the theoretical and practical Values.For the Infrared spectroscopy compounds tetrapyrazino porphrazine (PzFe,PzCo,PzVO) We noticed the disappearance of C≡N Pack and its appearance as preparing the Bridged Compounds (MPzDCB)n and (MPzCN)n with frequency (2044) cm - 1 mean with less frequency . For spectrum visible and ultraviolet for pxepared Compounds by using (DMF) as a solvent showed two types of the first absorption packages within the range (600 - 700)nm celled Q band is due to transitions ( π - π*) and the second within the range (300 - 400)nm celled package B and attributed to the transitions ( π - π*) for the existence of bye bonds in Composite loops and (n - π* ) the presence of nitrogen atoms in the circle . As for Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectrum of the proton in the iron Compound (PzFe) we noticed appearance of chemical shift one when 8.3 PPm this return to the protons gasoline circled in the Compound .For Bridged Compound (PzFeDCB)n noticed the appearance of two chemical shift first at 7.9 PPm Located in the higher area return to proton circle in Compound and the second at 8.50 PPm Located in the low area , return of protons (DCB) this is consistent with the proposed structural formula .For x - ray from which achieved an account dimension between levels crystalline d - species by studying the x - ray deviation and through it can calculate the energy levels located around the Fermi level and through α that represents inverted dimension between crystalline level .AS for the weighted thermal analysis we noticed all prepared Compound have high thermal stability and high stability studied the electric properties of prepared Compounds was measured conductivity continuous stream and found electrical conductivity of increased Compounds with rising temperature indicating that semiconductor powersupply materials.

دراسة مستويات مضادات الاكسدة الانزيمية وايوني (الحديد والكلوريد) في دم مرضى الحساسية والربو في محافظة البصرة - العراق == Study of enzymatic antioxidants levels and (Iron & Chloride) ions in the blood of asthmatic patients in Basrah governorate/ lraq

اسم المؤلف: مرتضى فراس حسن الكناني
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: اجريت هـذه الــدراسة لـمعرفة تركـيز مـضادات الاكسدة الانزيمية (السوبر اوكسيد دسميوتيز SOD, الكلوتاثيون بيرواوكسيديز GPx والكتاليز (Catalase ومستوى ايوني (الحديد والكلوريد) لدى عدد من مرضى الربو في محافظة البصرة.شملت الدراسة 100 حالة من المرضى وكانت اعمارهم تتراوح مابين 7 - 67)) سنة55) من الذكور و45 من الاناث) تم تشخيصهم في مركز الحساسية والربو في محافظة البصرة, كذلك 60 حالة من الاصحاء ( 35من الذكور و25 من الاناث). تم تصنيف المرضى بالاعتماد على العوامل السريرية التالية (الفئات العمرية, عامل الجنس, التاريخ العائلي, عامل التدخين ونوع الغذاء}بروتينات, فواكة وخضراوات, توابل{). وقد اوضحت نتائج الدراسة ارتفاع تركيز انزيم فوق اوكسيد دسميوتيز (SOD) في دم المرضى ((224.511±9.502 U\ml مقارنة بالاصحاء (191.162±7.879) U\ml وبمعدل احتمال ((P˂0.05, ويزداد الارتفاع في تركيز هذا الانزيم بتقدم العمر وشدة المرض وعامل التدخين والتاريخ العائلي وبمعدل احتمال معنوي ((P˂0.05. بينما لوحظ انخفاض في مستوى انزيم الكلوتاثيون بيرواوكسيديز (GPx) للمرضى (2925.250±787.564) U\L مقارنة بالاصحاء (3502.331±1386.953) U\L, ويزداد انخفاض تركيز انزيم ((GPx بتقدم العمر وشدة المرض وعامل التدخين وبمعدل احتمال معنوي (.(P˂0.05كما تم قياس تركيز انزيم الكتاليز ( (CAT.في مصل دم المرضى فوجد انخفاض في تركيزه لدى المرضى (0.693±0.392) U مقارنة مع الاصحاء (1.456±0.244) U وبمعدل احتمال معنوي (P˂0.05), ويزداد هذا الانخفاض مع تقدم العمر والتاريخ العائلي وشدة المرض وبمعدل احتمال معنوي ((P˂0.05. اظهرت الدراسة ايضا انخفاض تركيز عنصر الحديد للمرضى (55.2433±5.5873) µg ̸100 ml مقارنة بالاصحاء (64.1231±24.9367) µg ̸100 ml وبمعدل احتمال (P˂0.01), ويقل هذا الانخفاض مع تقدم العمر وعامل التدخين وشدة المرض وبمعدل احتمال معنوي (P˂0.01). بينما اظهرت نتائج الدراسة لعنصر الكلور انخفاض في مستوى تركيزه للمرضى (290.4770±31.1280) µg ̸ L مقارنة مع الاصحاء ((298.4238±38.4793 µg ̸ L وبمعدل احتمال معنوي (P˂0.01), ويزداد الانخفاض في تركيزه مع التاريخ العائلي وعامل التدخين وبمعدل احتمال معنوي (P˂0.01). نستنتج مما ذكر اعلاه ان الاشخاص المرضى الذين يعانون من الربو تكون لديهم الاصناف الفعالة للاوكسجين ROS فعالة اكثر والتي تسبب اجهادا مؤكسدا مصحوبا بتناقص او زيادة في مضادات التاكسد والعناصر النزرة | The work described in this thesis is mainly concerned with studying the concentration of the enzymes antioxidants (Superoxide dismutase SOD, Glutathione peroxidase GPx and Catalase CAT.) as well as to know the levels of (Iron and Chloride) ions in asthma patients from Basrah governorate/Iraq. This study covers 100 case of sickness in which their ages between (7 - 67) year (55 male and 45 female) and all these cases were identified in Allergies and asthma center in Basrah/Iraq. However, the control group contain 60 volunteer (35 male and 25 female). The classification of these patients depend up on few factors such that (Ages, Sex, genetic history, smoking habit, living places and the type of their foods which covers {proteins, fruits & vegetables and spices}).This study shows that there is increasing in the concentration of the SOD in the blood (224.511±9.502) U/ml, as comparison with the healthy peoples (191.162±7.879) U/ml at rate (P˂0.05) and elevation in concentration increased by applying the factors above. However, we noticed a significant decreasing in GPx (2925.250±787.564) U/L as comparison with healthy peoples (3502.331±1386.953) U/L, and decline in concentration was increased by applying the factors mention above at rate (P˂0.05). As well as there is a decreasing in the concentration of CAT. (0.693±0.392) U as comparison with control group (1.456±0.244) U, and this decline in concentration decreasing increased by applying the factors mention above at rate (P˂0.05). Added to which the concentrations of Iron and Chloride were decreased at rate (P˂0.01) in the serum of blood of patients (55.2433±5.5873) µg ̸100 ml and (290.4770±31.1280) µg/ L respectively as comparison with healthy peoples (64.1231±24.9367) µg ̸100 ml and (298.4238±38.4793) µg/ L respectively. The rate of Iron and Chloride concentration was increased by applying the factors except the genetic factor.We conclude from the above that the asthma patients have the active oxygen species ROS more effective than healthy controls, which in turn caused an oxidative stress accompanied by a decrease or an increase in antioxidants and trace elements, and the effectiveness of those affected by the factors mentioned above.

تحضير وتشخيص بعض الشبكات البوليميرية الهلامية الساندة لعقار Prednisolone واستخدامها كانظمة اطلاق تدريجي لدراسة فعاليتها المضادة للالتهابات في الحيوانات المختبرية in vivo == Preparation and Identification of some hydrogel polymeric networks sustained drug Prednisolone and uses as slow release systemTo study the anti - inflammatory activity in laboratory animals (in vivo)

اسم المؤلف: محمد رياض عبد العزيز عبد الرزاق
اسم المشرف: صلاح شاكر هاشم اللعيبي | عدنان جاسم الفرطوسي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Given the importance of drug Prednisolone and the diversity of its uses as a treatment in many diseases such as asthma and kidney symmetry and rheumatoid arthritis and multiple sclerosis, and facial nerve paralysis syndrome and psoriasis ...... and others , and contribution to us as researchers , to reduce the suffering of patients with those diseases of the large number of patient use the drug in large doses and at different times during the day so the current study included the preparation of a hydrogel polymer networks (natural - industrial) Interpenetrating and semi Interpenetrating networks (P1, P2, P3, P4 - 1, P4 - 2, P4 - 3, P4 - 4, P5 - 1, P5 - 2, P5 - 3, P5 - 4, P6 - 1, P6 - 2, P6 - 3, P6 - 4) diagnosed in FT - IR spectrum. This study included study of swelling ratio of prepared polymeric networks at constant temperature (37 M◦ ± 1 M◦) and different PH value [ distilled water (pH = 7), Simulated Gastric Fluid SGF solution (pH = 1.2) and the Simulated Intestinal Fluid {SIF ( pH = 8.2)]. The highest swelling ratio showed of polymeric networks prepared in the Simulated gastric fluid (SGF) and then distilled water (H2O) and finally means the Simulated Intestinal Fluid (SIF) .The polymeric networks (P1, P2, P3, P4 - 4, P5 - 4, P6 - 4 ) have the largest swelling ratio of compared with other polymeric networks prepared in this study.Carrying a Prednisolone drug on polymeric networks (P1, P2, P3, P4 - 4, P5 - 4, P6 - 4) were followed gradual release in three different solutions, (H2O), (SGF) and (SIF). The result shown the highest release ratio of the drug in the (SGF) and then (H2O) and finally means Simulated Intestinal Fluid (SIF), in order to obtain a loaded system polymeric new bearing high doses of the drug at a rate controlled by release natural dose stipulated according to the body's need and thus staged the continuity of the drug did for long periods, which helps the patient psychologically. Results of a study gradual liberalization of drug Prednisolone the polymeric network (P5 - 4) gave high efficiency in loading the drug as well as in the gradual release , Lethal to half number of animals is (1.6 g / kg = LD50).Studied the effectiveness of anti - inflammatory to (P5 - 4) sustained drug Prednisolone as systems gradually on laboratory mice (in vivo), and important tests edema of the palm of mice induced by Carrageenan and edema permission induced by Xylene mice . The results shown that the (P5 - 4)polymeric network loaded with drug Prednisolone prevented the edema induced by carrageenan and xylene , and give Significant differences (P <0.05) after (0.5, 0.1 hours) and a high significant (P <0.01) after (2, 4, 6, 8,10 hours) and continued activity up to 23 hours from the start of the dosing time. It showed results of a study the effect of Chitosan as an antiinflammatory Appearance of significant differences (P <0.05) after( 0.5, 1.2, 4.6 hours) and highly significant (P <0.01) after (8,10, 23 hours) of the dosing time, and shown the drug Prednisolone alone for significant differences (P <0.05) after (0.5, 1 hour) and highly significant (P <0.01) after (2,4 hours) all of the dosing time, after which there was a decrease activity as an antiinflammatory,which lasts until the end of the probationary period

تحضير ودراسة فاعلية بعض مركبات بس (اندازول - 6 - ايمينو) - 9,10 - انثراسين المعوضة الجديدة كمثبتات ضوئية ومضادات اكسدة == Synthesis and Study of Photostablization and Antioxidant Activity of Some New Bis(Indazole - 6 - Imino)substituted - 9,10 - Anthracene Compounds

اسم المؤلف: عبد الرحمن نوري ايوب
اسم المشرف: علي حسين الموالي | حنان عبد الجليل الهزام
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: تعنى هذه الرسالة بتحضير بعض قواعد شف الجديدة (A1 - A4) كمثبتات ضوئية ومضادات اكسدة من تفاعل 6 - امينو اندازول ومشتقات الانثراكوينون باستخدام حامض بارا - تلوين سلفونك . توضح الاشكال ادناه الصيغة التركيبية للمركبات قيد الدراسة. 9,10 - di((1H - indazol - 6 - yl)imino)anthracene(A1) 9,10 - bis((1H - indazol - 6 - yl)imino) - 9,10 - dihydroanthracene - 1,2,5,8 - tetraol(A2) 9,10 - bis((1H - indazol - 6 - yl)imino) - 2,4 - dibromo - 9,10 - dihydroanthracen - 1 - amine(A3) 9,10 - bis((1H - indazol - 6 - yl)imino) - 4 - amino - 9,10 - dihydroanthracen - 1 - ol(A4) شخصت المركبات باستعمال تقنيات تحليل العناصر الدقيق CHN ومطيافية الاشعة تحت الحمراء ومطيافية الرنين النووي المغناطيسي وقد اثبتت هذه التقنيات صحة المركبات المحضرة. درس التثبيت الضوئي للمركبات المحضرة باضافة نسب وزنية متفاوتة لكل منها (2% ، 4% ، 6% ، 8%) الى البولي اثلين وصنع منها افلام رقيقة وشععت بواسطة اشعة تحت الحمراء لمتابعة شدة حزمة الكاربونيل . وقد تبين من هذه الدراسة بان المركبات تمتلك خاصية حماية البوليمرات من ظاهرة التاكسد الضوئي وتختلف قابلية المركبات كمثبتات ضوئية تبعا للمعوضات التي تمتلكها.وفي طريقة مباشرة درست قابلية المركبات المحضرة كمضادات اكسدة من خلال اضافتها الى الجذر الحر داي فنايل يكرايل هايدرازايل (DPPH) بواسطة استخدام مطيافية الاشعة المرئية عند الطول الموجي 517 نانو ميتر واستعمل حامض الاسكوربيك كمادة مرجعية . وقد تبين من هذه الدراسة فعالية عالية تمتلكها هذه المركبات لقنص الجذور الحرة مقارنة بالمركب المرجعي. | This thesis is concerned with preparation of new scheff bases (A1 - A4) composed from 6 - aminoindazole and Anthraquinone derivatives in presence of P - toluen sulphonic acid .the figures below shows chemical structure of the prepared compounds. 9,10 - di((1H - indazol - 6 - yl)imino)anthracene(A1) 9,10 - bis((1H - indazol - 6 - yl)imino) - 9,10 - dihydroanthracene - 1,2,5,8 - tetraol(A2) 9,10 - bis((1H - indazol - 6 - yl)imino) - 2,4 - dibromo - 9,10 - dihydroanthracen - 1 - amine(A3) 9,10 - bis((1H - indazol - 6 - yl)imino) - 4 - amino - 9,10 - dihydroanthracen - 1 - ol(A4)All prepared compounds were characterized by CHN, Infra - red, UV - Visible Nuclear magnetic resonance.The photostablizer activities of these compounds against low density polyethylene after exposure to Xenon U.V light lamp ware measured and compared with standard photostablizer (BHT).The antioxidant properties of these compounds ware also studied using UV - Visible technique . The results indicate that these materials are very effective as radical scavengers compared with standard ascorbic acid (ASC).

تحضير بعض قواعد شف الثنائية المتماثلة وغير المتماثلة الجديدة ومعقداتها مع الاوكسوفناديوم ودراسة فعاليتها التحفيزية في تفاعل اكسدة البنزوين == Preparation some of Symmetrical and Unsymmetrical Schiff bases and their oxovanadium complexes and a study of their catalytic activity of Benzoin oxidation reaction

اسم المؤلف: سماح عباس جهاد
اسم المشرف: قحطان عبد عسكر | بشرى كامل جدوع
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: حضرت في هذه الدراسة مجموعة من قواعد شف الثنائية المتماثلة وغير المتماثلة المشتقة من تكاثف اورثوفانلين وبارافانلين وسلسلدهايد وباراكلوروبنزالديهايد وميتانايتروبنزالديهايد مع 2،1 - فنلين ثنائي الامين على التوالي وكذلك قاعدة شف احادية من تكاثف اورثوفانلين مع 2،1 - فنلين ثنائي الامين.شخصت هذه المركبات بتقنيات طيف الكتلة والرنين النووي المغناطيسي ومطيافية تحت الحمراء .اظهرت جميع اطياف IR للمركبات المحضرة حزمه قويه تعزى الى التذبذب الاتساعي لمجموعة - C=N - مما يؤكد تكون قواعد شف. كذلك اظهرت جميع اطياف HNMR1 اشارة بروتون مجموعة الازوميثين ( - HC=N - ) .اظهرت اطياف الكتلة لجميع المركبات ذروة الايون الجزيئ بوفرة نسبية عالية تتفق مع الوزن الجزيئي لكل مركب مما يؤكد صحة التركيب المتوقع.حضرت ثلاثة معقدات للاوكسوفناديوم مع قواعد شف H , A1 , A5 جميع المعقدات المحضرة مستقرة غير متميعة وشخصت باستعمال IR وتحليل العناصر الدقيق وقيسـت التوصيليـة المـولارية لها في مذيب الداي مثيل فورمايد وبتركيز (10 - 3 M ) وكذلك قيس الثبات الحراري لها عن طريق التحاليل الحراريه. ان التوصيلية المولارية الواطئة لمحاليل المعقدات توضح الطبيعة غير الالكتروليتية للمعقدات وخلوها من الشقوق السالبة .وتبين اطياف تحت الحمراء للمعقدات المحضرة مواقع الارتباط اذ ازيحت حزمة C=N الى اعداد موجبة اقل مقارنة مع الليكاند الاصل مما يؤكــد مشاركتها في تكويـــن اواصر تناسقيــة. وظهـــور حزمـــة عريضة عنــد 3500 cm - 1 يؤكد وجود ماء متناسق. ومن دراسة السلوك الحراري للمعقدات لم تظهر المعقدات اي فقدان في الوزن في درجة حرارة الغرفة الى درجه 120 مئوية مما يؤكد خلوها من جزيئات الماء المرتبطة على شكل ماء تبلور . كما اكدت التحاليل عند درجة حرارة 200 0C على فقدان جزيئة ماء متناسقة في المعقدين A1VO, A5VO. وقد اكدت نتائج تحليل العناصر الدقيقة صحة التراكيب المقترحة للمعقدات : درست فعالية المعقدات كعوامل مساعدة لاكسدة البنزوين الى بنزل بواسطه H2O2 في درجات حرارية مختلفة ومذيبات مختلفة وكذلك تاثير الزمن. | Smmetrical Unsmmetric shiff bases have been synthesized from the condensation of o - Vanillin , p - Vanillin , Salcildehyde , p - chlorobenzaldehyde and m - Natrobenzaldehyde with 1,2 - phenylendiamine . All the compounds were characterize on the basis of IR , Mass , HNMR and elemental analysis .The in frared spectra of all compounds shows a strong bond confirmed the formation of imine . The HNMR spectra shows a signal attributed to a zomethine protons at expected region of imine protone The mass spectra of all compounds shows a molculir ion which a ggrement with molecular wight of the suggested structure.The complexes were characterized on the basis of their elemental analysis , IR , Tg/DTg analysis and molar condactance. The low value of molar conductance revelad that the complexes are non electrolyte in nature. The IR spectra of the complexes confirmed the site of chelation hence the complexes showed strong bands due to - C=N - which shifted to lower wave number compared with corresponding Schiff base , also the broad bands at 3500 cm - 1 confirmed the precence of coordinated water.The thermal behavior of the complexes was investigated by means of Tg/DTg measurments under N2 atmosfere up to 600 0C , no loss of weight up to 120 0C which indicated that the totally absence of lattical water molecule in all complexes, complex A1OV and A5OV shows a mass loss around 200 0C which equivalent to loss of one coordinated water molecule. Basid on IR , elemental analysis, molar conductance and thermal analysis a sequar pyramid was proposed for all complexes. The complexes were used as hetrogenous catalyst in the oxidation of benzoin to benzil by H2O2 as an oxidant agent. The reaction was moniterd spectrophotometricaly in the UV region. The effect of temperature , solvents and time was investigated. The catalytic activity was found to follow the order A5VO > HVO > A1VO

تحضير وتقييم ودراسة الاطلاق المسيطر عليه للكيتوبروفين المحمل على بوليمرات ذات خاصية لاصقة للمواد المخاطية == Preparation, evaluation and study controlled release ketoprofen from mucoadhesive polymers

اسم المؤلف: سرور وليد عبد الرضا الكناني
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: We have used ketoprofen which is found in the local pharmacy and ketoprofen was separated and purified and then measured the melting point and (λ max) were determined for the purpose of ascertainig the purity of the material used.The microspheres were prepared with Sodium alginate by using Sodium alginate with Chitosan and without Chitosan and by using Calcium chloride a cross - linking agent, the microspheres and drug were characterized by IR and photomicrographs microscopy.In vitrostudy of drug release and kinetics of drug release were studied in simulated Gastric fiuid (SGF) and simulated Intensinal fluid (SIF). The results exhibit that the pH value effected on releaseing rate of drug from microspheres, also the samples gave ahigh release rate in pH=(8.2)(SIF) comparison with low values of pH=(1.2) (SGF) .Study The effect of different process parameters such as drug /polymer ratio and sodium alginate /chitosan ratio,on the morphology, size distribution and drug release. The microspheres diameters were found between (400 - 900) μm The rate of ketoprofen released was increased with the increasing of concentration of drug in the microspheresThe release of drug deareasing with increase of polymers. The coefficient of determination indicated that the release data was best fitted with zero order kinetics , Higuchi equation explains the diffusion controlled release mechainism.In this study Nine polymer hydrogel compound were prepared (GI - G9). semi Interpenetra ting polymeric hydrogel (IPNS). From synthuetic polymers Poly electrolyte with poly acrylamide The swelling146146characteristics were studied for all microspheres and semi - IPN hydrogels by determining the swelling ratio (Q)in three differnt pH, it was found that it . depending on components quantities and enoironments.We Niosomes loaded with ketoprofen were prepard and studied rate release drug in (pH=7.4) was studied with decreasing . The results showed that the releasing is increase of Cholesterol, Niosomes was succeeded in cover kp . also prepared gel of Niosomes and Carbopol934 by different concentration of Niosomes and Carbopol934 , The results showed that by ahigh release of drug deincreasing the concentration of Carbopol934 .In biological part , the results show that biological activities of the microspheres loaded with kp exceed biological activities against three types of fungal isolates including Candida albicans, and staphylocoecas aureus in comparison with activity of kp alone.The study consist on the toxicity of these materials which is shown that these materials are nontoxic.

دراسة الصفات الفيزيائية والكيميائية وتقدير الفينولات في المحطات (Hg,Cd,Pb) وبعض العناصر الثقيلة المختارة لمياه شط العرب == Study of physiochemical Properties Determination of phenols and Some Heavy Metals (Hg , Cd , Pb ) in the Selected Station of Shatt Al - Arab water

اسم المؤلف: سارة كاظم حسین السیامر
اسم المشرف: ناظم عبد النبي عواد
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The present study was concluded measurement of physical and chemical properties such as pH value, temperature, electrical conductivity, total hardness total solubility of salt, calcium and magnesium hardness, chloride concentration basal, concentration of dissolved oxygen, phosphates, nitrates, concentration of sodium and potassium in addition to, estimation of heavy metal and phenols to sample taken from shatt al - Arab of Qurna to Fao for period From December (2014) to June (2015). The study showed that the water temperature range between (18co - 20.4co) .The pH value were (7.8 - 8.9). Electrical conductivity range between (1118 - 27700ppm) the total hardness. Of studies water sample were (480 - 2600 ppm) Qurna E20. The concentration of lead were (1.8ppm) as the highest value plant (SH4) which located in FAo (marina boats) in plant (SH2) which located in AL Maakal. The study reveated That The highest value 0f mercury were in plant (SH4) which were (18nglmL)in plant which located in water project near The basra airport (F3) and (F5) plant located near Basra international airport The Salty were range (752 - 20000 ppm) in addition, Calcium and Magnesium concentration were (96 - 468ppm) and (43 - 846 ppm) respectively, chloride concentration (122 - 965ppm) while The basal were (l05 - 200 ppm), dissolve oxygen were (8.13 - 17.5 0). phosphates and nitrate were range between (0.10 - 0.62ppm) and (2.24 - 15.53ppm) respectively sodium and potassium concentration to studies sample were (120 - 8800ppm) ( 3.1 - l50ppm) revealed That highest value of cadmium element were in Abu - alkaseeb plant in Al - sankar (SH2B) were (0.099607ppm) while the lowest value were (0.0125819ppm) which were in plant before confluence of Tigris and Euphrates rivers about450m in sediment sample, The highest value of sodium and lead were(0.17Mg.g) and (2.1Mg.g) respectively in SH2B plant while lowest value of cadmium and lead were (0.11Mg.g) and (0.95Mg.g) respectively in F5plant lead element has highest value(2.5Mg.g) in plant SH2B while lowest value were (1.2Mg.g)in plant SH1which located in Al - Hartha before karma Ali river. This study showed that the concentration of phenols were range between (20 - 590ng\l) also, this study showed that Shatt - Al - Arab which consider as main source to water drinking in province of Basra , is currently asking for direct sewage and heavy water without treatment .

تحضير وتشخيص المعقدات الضمنية لبعض ادوية السلفا == Preparation and Characterization of Inclusion Complexes of Some Sulfa drugs

اسم المؤلف: رؤى قاسم ابراهيم
اسم المشرف: جبار صالح هادي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: حضرت في هذه الدراسة ثلاثة معقدات ضمنية لثلاثة من ادوية السلفا هي السلفابروكسلين والسلفابريدين والسلفاميثوكسي بريدايزين مع β - سايكلودكسترين بنسبة مولية 1 : 1 وبطريقتين هما طريقة التجفيف بالتجميد Freeze drying وطريقة العجن Kneading . شخصت المعقدات المحضرة باستعمال تقنيات IR و1HNMR وXRD وDSC وTg وSEM .وقد اظهرت نتائج IR و1HNMR طبيعة التداخل بين جزيئة الضيف والمضيف وبينت بان الحلقة الاوروماتية لادوية السلفا توجد داخل فجوة - CD β الكاره للماء . سلفابروكسلين β - سايكلودكسترين معقد السلفابروكسلين - β سايكلودكسترين واظهرت دراسة XRD لمساحيق الادوية النقية ، وبمقارنتها مع المعقد الناتج ان الصفة البلورية لمعظم المعقدات تقل عند تكوين المعقد مقارنة مع السلفا النقية ، وحسبت احجام البلورات Crystal باستعمال معادلة Scherrer ووجد انها بحدود nanocrystalline. كذلك بينت دراسة DSC وTg ان الاستقرار الحراري للسلفابروكسلين يزداد عند تكوين المعقد وبينت نتائج DSC اثبات تكوين المعقد . وكذلك بينت صور SEM للمعقدات الناتجة ان معقد السلفابروكسلين ذات اشكال ورقية ، ومعقد السلفابريدين ذات اشكال قرصية ، اما معقد السلفاميثوكسي بريدايزين فانة يظهر باشكال صفائحية ذات حافات حادة .كذلك درس تاثير تكوين المعقدات على ذوبانية الطور Phase Solubility في المحاليل المائية وتصنف الادوية الثلاث بانها قليلة الذوبان جدا في الماء بحالتها النقية . واستعملت طريقة Higuchi وConnors في تكوين المعقد على الذوبان باستعمال تقنية uv وبينت النتائج ان الذوبانية تزداد لجميع ادوية السلفا المدروسة مع زيادة تركيز CDβ وتتبع للنوع AL للسلفاميثوكسي بريدايزين وAN للسلفابريدين والسلفابروكسلين وحسب ثابت استقرار المعقدات من العلاقة Kc=slope/(S_o (1 - slope)) ووجد انها للسلفابروكسلينM - 1 455.160 وللسلفابريدينM - 1 483.149 وللسلفاميثوكسي بريدايزينM - 1 164.01 والذوبانية تزداد بمقدار 3 - 4 مرات

تحضير وتشخيص بعض قواعد شف المتماثلة الجديدة ومعقداتها ودراسة بعض بوليمراتها دراسة تحليلية وحرارية == Synthesis , Characterization of some new Homologous Schiff base and its Complexes with Analytical and Thermal Study of some their Polymers

اسم المؤلف: حسنين رعد عبد الكريم
اسم المشرف: زكي ناصر السكيني | علي عبد الرزاق العطبي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: A novel bidentate schiff bases were prepared from the condensation of 1,4 - bis - (aminomethyl)cyclohexan with 2,4 - dihydroxy acetophenon and 2,4 - dihydroxy benzaldehyde.Metal complexes of Co (III) , Cu (II) and Ni (II) with Schiff base A , B and C were prepared.A , B and C Schiff bases and their metal complexes were characterized via UV - Visible, FTIR and NMR. The metal complexes are expected to be octahedral in geometry based on physicochemical and spectroscopic analyses. New resins PoA and PoB were prepared by mixing Schiff base A and C with MDI respectively , thermogravimetric analysis of resins proved a good thermal stability.The study of loading capacity of resins towards transition metals showed that the PoA and PoB had high selectivity toward lead and zinc respectively.

تحضير ودراسة الفعالية الحيوية لمعقدات الامينية ثنائية السن مع ايونات ا لبلاتين (III) والروديوم (II) والبلاديوم == Synthesis , Characterization and Biological Activity Study of Some New Compound Containing Amine and Azomethine Group and Their Complexation Reaction with Platinum(II) , Palladium (II) and Rhodium(III)

اسم المؤلف: احمد ليث عبد الحليم
اسم المشرف: عادل علي عبد الحسن | بشرى كامل جدوع
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: البصرة
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This study included the preparation and the diagnosis and study the biological activity of some new organic compounds containing amine and azomethine groups and complexes ions with platinum(II) and palladium (II) and rhodium (III) ions.This thesis is divided into four chapters. In the first chapter, a general introduction for platinum metals group and of their complexes including : amine and Schiff base ligands have been literately reviewed. The concerned complexes have related to drugs potentially are anticancer active, therefore, this chapter summarized the important roles between the structure and activity for potentially active anticancer drugs which containing platinum metal complexes .The second chapter of this thesis shows the preparative methods of two types of ligands. The first type ligands concerned preparation method of two newly bidentate amine ligands namely : N - (3 - phenylpropyl)ethane - 1,2 - diamine (1) and N,N' - bis(3 - phenylpropyl) ethane - 1,2 - diamine (2) by reaction of ethylene diamine with 3 - phenypropyl bromide in 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 mole ratio, respectively. The second type ligands concerned preparative methods of six newly Schiff base ligands by reacting of o - phenylenediamine with 2 - furyldehyde, ferrocenecarboxaldehyde and acetylferrocene in the mole ratio 1 : 1 and 1 : 2respectively namely : N - 2 - furylidinebenzene - 1,2 - diamine (3)N,N' - bis(furylidine)benzene - 1,2 - diamine(4)N - ferrocenidenebenzene - 1,2 - diamine (5)N,N' - bis(ferrocenidene)benzene - 1,2 - diamine (6) N - 1 - ferrocenylethylidenebenzene - 1,2 - diamin (7) N,N' - bis(1 - ferrocenylethylidene)benzene - 1,2 - diamine (8) o , this chapter describes the synthesis of a new twenty four complexes ofPt(II), Pd(II) and Rh(III) ions with ligands (1 - 8) . The third chapter includes the results and discussion. All the prepared compounds 1 - 32 were characterized by elemental analysis CHN, Conductivity measurements , 1H - NMR ,FT - IR and UV - Visible spectroscopic techniques. All the prepared compounds 1 - 32 are in good agreement with the suggested structure. These data confirmed that the prepared ligands 1 - 8 coordinate with Pt(II),Pd(II) and Rh(III) ions by nitrogen atoms of amino and azomethine groups as a bidentate ligands. The molar conductivity study indicate that platinum(II) and palladium (II) complexes are neutral and behave as non - electrolytes in DMSO solvent at room temperature while rhodium (III) complexes behaves as 1 : 1 electrolytes in the same conditions.Antibacterial activity of all the prepared compounds 1 - 32 beside their interaction with human DNA are shown in the fourth chapter of this thesis. The antibacterial activity of compounds 1 - 32 against two types of bacterial : the first negative towards Gram stain (i.e. Escherichia coli) and against positive towards Gram stain (i.e. Staphylococcus aureus) were tested. These data proved that only compounds 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 7, 20, 29 and 32 have antibacterial activity for growth inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus whereas only 1, 2, 4, 21 and 29 have antibacterial activity for Escherichia coli. On the other hand, DNA interaction study of complexes 9 - 32 with human DNA showed that all these complexes are binding with DNA which is enhances the probability of usingthese complexes as drug alternatives.

استخلاص نقطة الغيمة بالازدواج مع طريقة طيفية لاستخلاص وتقدير النيكل (??) والكوبلت (??) والبزموث (?I?) في نماذج مختلفة باستعمال مشتقي ازو مناسبين == Cloud point extraction coupled with spectroscopic method for separation, extraction and determination of Nickel( ?? ) , Cobalt( ?? ) and Bismuth ( I?? ) in different samples by use of suitable Azo - derivatives

اسم المؤلف: احمد صادق عبد هاشم الحمادي
اسم المشرف: شوكت كاظم جواد
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Cloud point extraction methodology was used for separation, preconcentration and extraction cations for Bismuth(III) , Nickel(II) , Cobalt(II) as ion association complexes by two new laboratory prepared azo derivatives as complexing agents which are MIBSHA and AADAD as well as these new organic complexing agents studied spectrophotometricaly by UV - Vis spectroscopy and IR specrtrophotometry to confirm their structures and for the separation, preconcentration and extraction of the elements in this study which was performed as follows : 1 - Bismuth(III) Studies : At the beginning an experiment was conducted to determine the wave length of ion association complex of bismuth ion Bi(III) with new laboratory prepared complexing agent MIBSHA by UV - Vis, spectroscopy and the spectrum showed λmax=550nm. Under optimum conditions of extraction Bi(III), the study showed that pHex=9 was more stable for extraction and gave higher efficiency because at this acidic function, there exists the best coordination bounding between Bi(III) and MIBSHA in presence of 40 μg of Bi(III) as optimum concentration giving favorites thermodynamic equilibrium for complex formation and this method of extraction depends on using Non - ionic surfactant 1% Tritonx - 100. And experimental study showed that 0.5ml of this surfactant suitable for forming Cloud point layer (CPL) with higher density and smaller volume to give the best extraction efficiency for Bi(III) with high absorbance and distribution ratio (D). The extraction efficiency also increased with increasing MIBSHA concentration as linear relation because any increasing in MIBSHA concentration is mean increasing in ion pair complex concentration and suitability so increasing in the thermodynamic equilibrium partition to the CPL. And this reflects the sensitivity of new complexing agent MIBSHA in coordination binding and ion pair complex formation in addition to extraction CPE methodology which depends on heating. The experimental study shows that the optimum temperature of heating was (90°C) that gives higher extraction efficiency because it allow to reached the best thermodynamic equilibrium in Cloud point layer formation with good dehydration, as well thermodynamic data was ΔHex=0.145KJ mol - 1, ΔGex= - 73.786KJmol - 1and ΔSex=203.669Jmol - 1K - 1 whereas the low value of enthalpy for Demonstrate extraction to approach another ion of ion pair association complex, also the extraction method is entropic region, and the experimental study about the effect heating time was 20min was the optimum heating time which gives the higher extraction efficiency with high absorbance and distribution ratio D, as this time of heating helps to reach the optimum thermodynamic equilibrium of Cloud point layer formation CPLwith higher dehydration from other hand time of heating indicate the quantity of heat which162is help to dominate on the moving of micelles inside formation cloud point layer CPL with good properties of extraction. Stoichiometric study by using four spectrophotometric methods and the study revealed that the more probable structure of ion pair complex of Bismuth ion Bi(III) extracted was [1 : 1]+ anion [Bi(MIBSHA)]2+;2No3 - experimented study about synergism effect by using Tri butyl phosphate (TBP) and methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) show that the extraction efficiency for bismuth ion Bi(III) increased with the presence of TBP or MIBK in aqueous solution by the effect of TBP and MIBK participation in the complex formation of Bi(III) also the experiments showed that there is one molecule of TBP or MIBK enters in the structure of ion pair complex of Bi(III) as [Bi(MIBSHA)(TBP)]2+;2NO3 - ; [Bi(MIBSHA)(MIBK)]2+;2NO3 - and TBP or MIBK enter in the complex instead of water molecule in the hydration shell of Bi(III) and increase hydrophobicity of ion pair complex and increased rate of partitioning to the CPL. As well as this study involved experiments about interferences effects as well as electrolytes effect and these experiments illustrated interferences effect to decline extraction efficiency because these ions form ion pair complex with complexing agent MIBSHA , that means a decrease in complexing agent MIBSHA concentration to form ion pair complex with Bi(III) so that electrolytes affect by increasing extraction efficiency of Bi(III) by effect of increasing Dehydration and destroyed hydration shell of bismuth ion to increase the chances of binding with MIBSHA for more stable ion pair complex. Later, this method was used coupled with suitable spectrophotometric application in the separation and determination of bismuth (III) in different samples.2 - Studies about Nickel (II)For nickel ion Ni(II) extraction from aqueous solution as ion pair complex used new laboratory prepared complexing agent AADAD , the spectrophotometric study for ion pair complex on Ni(II extracted into CPL showed maximum absorbance peak at wave length λmax=585nm and through the experimental study to limit optimum conditions and effective parameters. The study demonstrated that the optimum pHex was (9) which gives the highest extraction efficiency for nickel ion Ni(II by use complexing agent AADAD, whereas at this pHex favorable binding was given to form ion pair complex of nickel ion Ni(II with high concentration and stability as well as the method CPE for extraction Ni(II needed 0.5ml of non - ionic surfactant 1% TritonX - 100 which is affected to reach favorable thermodynamic equilibrium for aggregation of micelles in the state CMC for CPL formation with good163properties for the ion pair complex extraction of Ni(II) as well this extraction efficiency appeared with the presence of 50μg Ni(II) in aqueous solution to reach the best thermodynamic equilibrium for ion pair complex formation. Increasing AADAD concentration showed the existence of linear relation with linear increase in absorbance and distribution ratio and linear increasing in concentration stability and partitioning to CPL ion pair complex of Ni(II whereas CPE methodology depends on the temperature of heating, the experiment showed that 80°C was the optimum temperature that gives the higher extraction efficiency of Ni(II with thermodynamic data ΔHex= 0.1126KJmol - 1 , ΔGex= - 58.19KJmol - 1 and ΔSex=165.16Jmol - 1K - 1 . These values prove that the ions of ion pair complex for Ni(II) extracted into CPL approached one another with a high gegree and the method of extraction was entropic in region. The experimental study about the effect of heating time showed that 15min was the best time of heating that allows to reach a higher extraction efficiency of CPE method. Time of heating indicates the kinetic side of extraction method as heating for 15min at 80°C gave the quantity of heating that hels to reach the favorable thermodynamic equilibrium for CPL formation stoichiometry showing the more probable structure of ion pair complex extracted for Ni(II) which was [Ni(AADAD)]+;No3 - but synergism effect study showed that by using TBP and MIBK showed increasing extraction efficiency of Ni(II) with the presence of TBP or MIBK in aqueous solution because substitution water in coordination shell of Ni(II) in ion pair complex and effect to increase hydrophobicity, stability and partitioning to CPL. Also, the study revealed that adding one molecule of TBP or MIBK in the structure of ion pair complex of Ni(II) such as [Ni(AADAD)(TBP)]+;NO3 - , [Ni(AADAD)(MIBK)]+;NO3 - . So the studies tackled the effect of interferences as cations and electrolytes on extraction efficiency, later on, we used this method in the extraction and spectrophotometric determination of Nickel (II) in different samples.3 - Studies about Cobalt (II)The experimental studies concerning the separation, preconcentration and extraction of cobalt(II) as ion association complex by using the same complexing agent used with nickel (II) AADAD according to Cloud point extraction methodology. The UV - Vis spectrophotometric studies about the ion association complex extracted showed that the maximum absorbance of the complex of wave length λmax=530nm. As well as the extraction method according to CPE method showed (pH=8) was the optimum acidic function for extraction giving the highest absorbance and distribution value D because this pHex the best164coordination bonding between cobalt ion Co(II) and complexing agent AADAD so that high partitioning of stable complex to cloud point layer CPL. Moreover, the experiments showed that 0.5ml of Non - ionic surfactant, very stable for giving higher extraction efficiency because this volume of surfactant helps to reach the favorable thermodynamic equilibrium of aggregation of micelles to form CPL with high density and small volume and the micelles in case one approaches the other with the best dehydration to be in high hydrophobicity with good partitioning of complex to CPL. And in this case giving higher extraction efficiency, also, this extraction efficiency obtained when 60μg of cobalt ion Co(II was in the aqueous solution to give the best thermodynamic equilibrium to formation high stability ion pair complex extracted into CPL quantitively effect of temperature study showed that 80°C was the best temperature of extraction according to CPE method because in this temperature the best CPL was formed by aggregation and using dehydration at CMC state happen good extraction as well as thermodynamic data for extraction Co(II) was ΔHex=0.1014KJmol - 1, ΔGex= - 60.658KJmol - 1, ΔSex=171.86Jmol - 1K - 1. These data showed from the small positive value of enthalpy of extraction , the ions of ion pair complex extraction when one approach another to increase stability of this complex as well the large positive value of entropy of extraction demonstrates the dependence of extraction according to CPE and entropy. Then this procedure being entropic in region. Time of heating as the experiment study showed is 15min and was stable to give higher extraction efficiency. Because heating the solution at fixed temperature and time mean the quantity of heating help kinetically to reach thermodynamic and kinetic equilibrium for formation CPL. Then giving higher extraction efficiency. Stoichiometry study revealed that the more probable structure of ion pair complex extracted was [Co(AADAD)]+;NO3 - . Synergism study show presence TBP or MIBK in aqueous solution effect to increase extraction efficiency of Co(II) according to CPE method. Because complexing agent AADAD was not able to saturated the coordination shell of Co(II) ion in complex formation then the empty coordination position and occupy with water molecule and decline extraction efficiency , but TBP or MIBK able to coordinate instead of water in coordination shell and increase extraction efficiency, as well the study showed one molecule of TBP or MIBK able to enter in complex formed such as [Co(AADAD)(TBP)]+;NO3 - or [Co(AADAD)(MIBK)]+;NO3 - . So that the studies involved the effect of interferences as cations and electrolytes on extraction efficiency , later we used this method for the extraction and spectrophotometric determination of cobalt (II) in different samples.

تحضير ودراسة الفعالية الحيوية لبعض مشتقات السلفايد والسلفون == Synthesis , Identification and Biological Activity for (Sulfide ,Sulfone) - Compounds

اسم المؤلف: رشا نعمة حسين الجعباوي
اسم المشرف: نغم محمود جواد الجمالي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء العضوية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: Sulfone and Sulfide are important compounds due to their uses in industrial , artificial and pharmaceutical applications . They are characterized by their effectiveness against skin diseases and fungal what make them used as biologically important substances and preparatory studies have been extended to their derivatives. The research includes two sections : Section I : : contains preparing 19 compound which are (R1 - R19) in six parts : : - Part one : - includes preparing compound (R1) from the interaction of (Thio semicarbazide) with (Diethyl Terephthalate) interacting the resulted (R1) react with (10% Sodium hydroxide ) to prepare the compound (R2), interacting the resulted compound with (chloro ethyl acetate) to prepare the compound (R3) , and finally interacting the resulted compound with acetic acid and hydrogen peroxide to prepare compound (R4). Part two : - includes preparing compound (R5) by interacting compound (Sulfobenzoic anhydride) with (2 - amino - 5 - mercapto - 1,3,4 - thiadiazole) then the resulting interaction (R5) with( chloro ethyl acetate) to prepare the compound (R6) , and interacting the result with (acetic acid) and (hydrogen peroxide) to prepare compound (R7).Part three : - : includes preparing compounds (R8, R9, R10) by interacting (phenylene diamine) with (2 - mercapto acetic acid) to produce (R8) and reactance of this compound with Formaldehyde)) to form a compound (R9) and interacting the last compound (acetic acid) and (hydrogen peroxide) to prepare compound (R10). Part four : - includes interacting (2 - amino - 5 - mercapto - 1,3,4 - thiadiazol) with a compound formaldehyde)) to prepare the compound (R11) , interacting compound R11 and interacting the result with (Sulfobenzoic anhydride to produce compound (R12). Part five : - : includes preparing compounds (R13,R14, R15, R16) by interacting compound (Formaldehyde) with (2 - mercapto benzoic acid) to form (R13) , and interacting this result with ( Thio semicarbazide)) and (sodium hydroxide 10%) for the preparation of R14)), which through its interaction with (chloro ethyl acetate) is the preparation of the compound (R15 The oxidizing the resulted compound by (acetic acid) and (hydrogen peroxide) , gives (R16). Part six : - includes preparing compound (R17) by interacting( 2 - mercapto benzoic acid)) with(3 - chloro propanoyl chloride) and interacting the finally with (Thio semicarbazide) give (R18), which we can obtain011compound (R19) by interacting with (chloro ethyl acetate).All the prepared compounds have been following up the interactions enabled chromatography thin layer (TLC) for each prepared vehicles and characterized by (IR) spectrum NMR proton (1H.NMR), and a nice nuclear magnetic resonance of carbon (13C.NMR) and (C.H.N), and then measure the degree of fusion.Section II : This section includes the study of the biological inhibitory action to some of the prepared compounds on positive bacteria for dye Gram (Staphylococcus aureuse) and another negative bacteria for dye Gram (Escherichia Coli). All the compounds showed effect against both selected bacteria in the study.The Scheme below clarifies

تحضير مركبات الكبريت غير متجانسة الحلقة ودراسة الفعالية الحيوية لبعض منها == Synthesis Sulfur Heterocyclic Compounds and Study Biological Activity for Some its

اسم المؤلف: انتصار عبيد سلمان الفتلاوي
اسم المشرف: نغم محمود جواد الجمالي
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء العضوية
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الكلمات الدلالية:
  • الثايازول، الثيادايازول
  • الثايازين
  • الثايادايازين
  • الثايازبين
  • الثيادايازبين
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: The compounds of heterocyclic that have the qualities of a great biological and pharmacological importance, where we see through the growing literature in Chemistry published research in this area significantly, so we decided to prepare new derivatives of them.In this study prepared (16) a new deriva????ve of sulfur heterocyclic compounds such as Thiazole, Thiadiazole Thiazine, Thiadiazine, Thiazepine and Thiadiazepine, and three other intermediate compounds to prepare Some of these derivatives, these compounds ((Five, Six and Seven - Membered Heterocycles))The research included two Section of study : The first section : included prepara????on (19) compounds (I1 - I19), by four parts : The first part : included preparation (I1) of benzil interaction with thiosemicarbazide and then the interaction of output with nitrous acid record spontaneously from mixing hydrochloric acid with sodium nitrite, to form a diazonium salt and then reactance this salt with (Acetyl acetone) to prepare azo compound (I2), and Then reactance output with thiourea, thiosemicarbazide, Thioacetamide and cysteine respectively for the preparation of compounds (I3 - I6).The second part : included reactance (diethyl terephthalate) with thiosemicarbazide, cysteine to prepare the compound (I7) and compound (I9), respectively, and then reactance outputs with Sulfobenzoic anhydride, thiosemicarbazide respectively to produce the compound (I8) and compound (I10), respectively. The third part : included reactance (1,3 - diphenylpropane - 1,3 - dione) with thiosemicarbazide to give the compound (I11) and then output reactance with benzaldehyde to give the compound (I12) and then output with reactance Sulfobenzoic anhydride to give the compound (I13). The fourth part : includes reactance (p - amino acetophenon)with nitrous acid record spontaneously from mixing hydrochloric acid with sodium nitrite, to form a salt of diazonium and then reactance this salt with diethyl mal Acetyl acetone to give compound (I14) and compound (I17), respectively, and then reactance thiosemicarbazide, benzaldehyde respectively, to give the compound (I15) and compound (I18), respectively, and then outputs reactance with Sulfobenzoic anhydride, thiourea to give compound (I16) and compound (I19), respectively. All interactions followed up by thin layer chromatography (TLC) for each prepared compounds and diagnosed by spectrum infrared (FT.IR) spectrum, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H.NMR), nuclear magnetic resonance of carbon (13C.NMR) and Elemental Analysis(C.H.N), and then measure the melting point. The second section : This section of the research included the study of the inhibitory action of the some of biological compounds against the gram - positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureuse) and gram - negative bacteria (Escherichia coli) and all showed the effectiveness of the compounds against selected bacteria in the study type.

تحضير وتشخيص ليكاندات قواعد شيف مشتقة من الترفثالديهايد ودراسة معقداتها مع بعض العناصر الفلزية == Synthesis And Identification of Schiff Bases Ligands Derived From Terephthaldehyde And Studying Its Complexes With Some Metal Elements

اسم المؤلف: علي محمود علي
اسم المشرف: محمد حامد سعيد | حسن ثامر غانم
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: This thesis studies the synthesis of three new Schiff base ligand (L1 , L2 ,L3 ) derived from terephthaldehyde, the first ligand (L1) is produced by the reaction of terephthaldehyde with ortho - phenlenediamineat ( 1 : 2) molar ratio.The second ligand (L2) is produced by the reaction of terephthaldehyde with ortho - phenlenediamine at ( 2 : 1) molar ratio. The third ligand (L3) is produced by the reaction of terephthaldehyde with 2 - aminobenzothiazol at (1 : 1) molar ratio .These ligands are identified by using FT - IR and Uv - Vis spectroscopies,1H - NMR, massspectrometer and elemental analysis.These ligands are mixed with some metal chloride solutions Co(II), Ni (II), Cu(II) and Zn(II) by using absolute ethenolic solutions at (2 : 1) molar ratio to formtwelve complexes . These complexes are identified byanalytical andspectroscopic techniquessuch as elemental analysis andthe determination of the metalratio within its complex, recording infrared spectra,in addition to Uv - Vis by useing solvent DMSO (1x10 - 4M), the same solvent is used with molar conductance measurements for solutions of compounds at(1 x 10 - 3M)at room temperature, in addition to measuring the magnetic sensitivity of the complexes in solid state .This study has concluded that by using all the above techniques and experiments ,all these ligands' have acted as bidentate to form pentagonal and tetragonal metal cycles .Depending on the results of the study,octahedral structures of all the prepared ligands' complexes have been suggested.The following stereochemistriesreflect the complexes which are the subject of the study

فصل واغناء بواسطة الاستخلاص بنقطة الغيمة والتقدير الطيفي لـ (??) Mg و(??) Zn و(??) Hg في نماذج تحليلية == Separation and Preconcentration by Cloud Point Extraction and Spectrophotometric Determination for Mg(??), Zn(??) and Hg(??) in Analytical Samples

اسم المؤلف: فارس حــميد حــيدر الــحيدري
اسم المشرف: شوكت كاظم جواد
الموضوع العام: علوم الكيمياء
السنة: 2016
الموضوع الدقيق: الكيمياء
الدرجة: ماجستير
اللغة: العربية
مكان الجامعة: النجف
الصفحات الاولى:
المستخلص: استخدمت تقنية استخلاص نقطة الغيمةCloud point Extraction (CPE) في فصل واستخلاص واغناء كل من ايون الخارصين(II) والمغنيسيوم(II) والزئبق(II) من المحاليل المائية بالازدواج مع طرق طيفية لمطيافية(UV - Vis spectroscopy) لتقدير هذه العناصر قيد الدراسة وذلك باتباع تقنية تكوين معقد الترابط الايوني او المعقد الكيلتي لايون الخارصين(Zn2+)، مع كاشف عضوي جديد محضر مختبريا هو(AIBSNB)، واما كل من ايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+)، وايون الزئبق(Hg2+) فقد استخلص وفق مبدا التمذوب(solvation) باستخدام(2,4 - dimythyl pentane - 3 - one) للمغنيسيوم(Mg2+)، و(Acetophenone) بالنسبة للزئبق(Hg2+).بينت الدراسة ان ايون الخارصين استخلص على هيئة معقد ترابط ايوني (Ion association complex) او معقد مخلبي(Chelate complex) بالارتباط مع الكاشف (AIBSNB) الجديد والمحضر مختبريا والذي اجريت له دراسة طيفية بمطيافية فوق البنفسجية - المرئية (UV - Vis spectroscopy) ومطيافية تحت الحمراء (IR - spectroscopy) وكذلك التحليل الدقيق للعناصر وقد اثبتت الدراسات الطيفية وتحليل العناصر صحة التركيب المقترح للكاشف العضوي الجديد(AIBSNB) كما ان الدراسة الطيفية للمعقد المستخلص للخارصين(II) مع الكاشف العضوي(AIBSNB) بمطيافية(UV - Vis spectroscopy) اثبتت ان الطول الموجي لاعظم امتصاص للمعقد كان(λmax=380nm)، وقد اوضحت الدراسات لاستخلاص الخارصين(II) ان قيمة الدالة الحامضية المثلى لعملية الترابط وتكوين المعقد المستخلص كانت(pHex=9) عند وجود(50µg) من ايون الخارصين (Zn2+) في 10mL من المحلول المائي. وقد اثبتت التجارب العملية ان استخلاص ايون الخارصين على هيئة معقد ترابط ايوني او مخلبي وفق تقنية استخلاص نقطة الغيمة (CPE)يحتاج الى تسخين عند درجة حرارة(90ºC) ولزمن مقداره(15دقيقة)،فقد اظهرت الدراسة قيم الدوال الثرموديناميكية لاستخلاص الخارصين(II) هي(Sex=+155.9400 J mol - 1K - 1∆)، (Gex= - 56.4830 kJ mol - 1∆)، (Hex= +0.1242 kJ mol - 1∆)، كما تبين ان (0.5mL) من المادة النشطة سطحيا (surfactant) (TritonX - 100 1%) كانت هي الافضل في عملية الاستخلاص حيث تكون طبقة نقطة الغيمة(CPL) ذات الكفاءة العالية للاستخلاص. كما شملت الدراسة تحديد التركيب الاكثر احتمالا للمعقد المستخلص لايون الخارصين، وذلك باتباع اربعة طرق طيفية من اجل ذلك وقد اشارت هذه الطرق الى ان المعقد المستخلص كان له التركيب [Zn(AIBSNB)]+;NO3─ او [Zn(AIBSNB)+(NO3)─] كما ان دراسة توليف المذيب(Synergism) لاستخلاص الخارصين(Zn2+) بينت ان هناك مشاركة لجزيئة واحدة من كل من(TBP) و(MIBK) في تكوين المعقد المستخلص لايون الخارصين(Zn2+) يرافقه زيادة كبيرة في كفاءة الاستخلاص. وقد تضمنت الدراسة توضيح اثر بعض المتداخلات وكذلك الاملاح الالكتروليتية وتاثيرها على كفاءة استخلاص ايون الخارصين(Zn2+)، كما استخدمت طريقة الاستخلاص هذه في اجراء عمليات فصل وتقدير الخارصين في نماذج بيئية وحياتية مختلفة.تمت عملية استخلاص وتقدير ايون المغنيسيوم(II) وايون الزئبق(II) باستخدام طريقة استخلاص نقطة الغيمة (CPE) وباستعمال المادة النشطة سطحيا (surfactant) (1% TritonX - 100) ووفق تقنية التمذوب(solvation)، وباستعمال مركب(2,4 - DMP) (2,4 - dimythyl pentane - 3 - one) ، كعامل استخلاص (Extractant) للمغنيسيوم(II)، وكذلك(Acetophenone) كعامل استخلاص للزئبق(II) وقد اشارت الدراسة الى ان الصنف المستخلص لايون المغنيسيوم(II) كان له اعلى قمة امتصاص عند(λmax=249nm)، اما الصنف المستخلص لايون الزئبق(II) كان له اعلى قمة امتصاص عند(λmax=293 nm). بينت عملية استخلاص كل من ايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+) وايون الزئبق(Hg2+) وفق مبدا التمذوب(Solvation) تحتاج الى استخدام عامل التمليح (Salting out Effect) وقد استخدم(KNO3) كعامل تمليح وقد اعطى اعلى كفاءة استخلاص لايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+) عند(0.5M) اما اعلى كفاءة استخلاص لايون الزئبق(Hg2+) كانت عند تركيز عامل التمليح(KNO3) بمقدار(0.08M) وبوجود(50µg) من كل من ايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+) وايون الزئبق(Hg2+) حيث ان هذا التركيز لايون(Mg2+) و(Hg2+) يعطي افضل توازن ثرموديناميكي لتكون الصنف المستخلص لايون(Mg2+) وكذلك(Hg2+) وفق مبدا التمذوب (Solvation). كما تضمنت الدراسة استخدام انواع مختلفة من عوامل التمليح وبتراكيز مختلفة، حيث تبين ان كفاءة استخلاص المغنيسيوم(Mg2+) والزئبق(Hg2+) وفق مبدا التمذوب (Solvation) يختلف باختلاف نوع عامل التمليح واكثر من تاثره بتركيز عامل التمليح. كما ان تقنية استخلاص نقطة الغيمة(CPE) لفصل الصنف المستخلص لايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+) وايون الزئبق(Hg2+) اوضحت انها تحتاج الى تسخين لدرجة حرارة (90ºC) لايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+)، و(85ºC) لايون الزئبق(Hg2+) وبزمن تسخين مقداره(15دقيقة) لكلا الايونين وعند وجود(0.5mL) من المادة النشطة سطحيا(surfactant) (TritonX - 100 1%) لكلا الايونين ايضا. كما شملت الدراسة استخدام عدد من عوامل الاستخلاص المختلفة وبيان تاثيرها على كفاءة الاستخلاص لايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+) وايون الزئبق(Hg2+) وفق مبدا التمذوب(Solvation)، مركب(Acetophenone) هو الافضل والاكفا في استخلاص ايون المغنيسيوم(Mg2+) وايون الزئبق(Hg2+) على حد سواء وقد اشارت طريقة استخلاص نقطة الغيمة (CPE) لفصل واستخلاص واغناء كل من المغنيسيوم (Mg2+) والزئبق (Hg2+) وفق مبدا التمذوب (Solvation) ان قــــــــــيم الـــــــدوال الـــــثرموديناميكية لــــــــــعملية الاســـــــــــتخلاص كانت(Sex= +173.2830 J mol - 1K - 1∆)، (Gex= ─ 63.1314 kJ mol - 1∆) (Hex= +0.2295 kJ mol - 1∆) لايون المغنيسيوم (Mg2+) اما لايون الزئبق (Hg2+) فقد كانت الــــــــــدوال الـــــــــــــــــثرموديناميكية للاستخلاص هي (Sex= +202.6789 J mol - 1 K - 1∆) ، (Gex= ─ 72.4139 kJ mol - 1∆) ، (Hex= + 0.14521 kJ mol - 1∆) وقد طبقت هذه التقنية في استخلاص وتقدير(Mg2+) والزئبق(Hg2+) في نماذج بيئية وحياتية مختلفة. | Absract By used of cloud point extraction method for sepration, extraction and preconcentration for Zn(II), Mg(II) and Hg(II) from aqueous solutions copuled with spectrophotometric UV - Vis methods to determenation . these elements in environmenteal and vital sampels, with using of laboratory prepared new organic reagent (AIBSNB) for extraction Zn2+ as complex but Mg2+ and Hg2+ extracted by CPE method according to solvation technique by (2,4 - dimethyl pentan - 3 - one) (2,4 - DMP) for Mg2+ and (Acetophenone) for Hg2+.The study show extracted Zinc ion Zn2+ as ion association complex or cheleate complex after coordinat biding with organic reagent (AIBSNB), which is new laboratory prepared and the spectroscopic stadies for this new organic reagent demonstrate the true suggestion of it is structure, as well as spectrophotometric study for complex of this organic reagent with Zinc ion Zn2+ extracted to CPL in CPE method show maximum absorbance wave length was λmax=380nm. The study of extraction Zn2+ appear pH=9 was the optimum acidic function for aqueous phase in presence 50μg Zn2+ in 10mL aqueous solution and the experiments for extraction Zn2+ as ion association complex or chelate complex according to CPE method need heating the solution to 90ºCfor 15mintes time of heating. And the thermodynamic data for extraction was (∆Sex=+155.94 J mol - 1K - 1), (∆Gex= - 56.483 kJ mol - 1), (∆Hex=+0.1242 kJ mol - 1), whereas the study show (0.5mL) of surfactant (1% TritonX - 100) was the optimum concentration of non ionic surfactant to formation cloud point layer (CPL) as second aective phase for extracted complex of Zn2+, in addition to the study ivolved determine the more probable structure of complex extracted by used foure spectrophotometric studies which was appeared the complex extracted for Zn2+ was[Zn(AIBSNB)]+;NO3 - or [Zn(AIBSNB) - (NO3 - )], so that synergism study show there is aparticipate for one molecule of TBP or MIBK in the formation of complex Zn2+ extracted with increasing in extraction efficiency for Zn2+ . from the other hard used this method for separation and determination Zn(II) in envirommental and vital samples.But extraction and determination megnesium(II) and mercury(II) by CPE methodology with using of nonionic surfactant 1% TritonX - 100, and according to solvation technique by use of (2,4 - dimethylpentan - 3 - one)(2,4 - DMP) as extractant for Mg(II) so Acetophenoe as extractant for Hg(II).The study was show the extracted species for megnesiumion Mg2+ has maximum absorbance at wave length λmax=249nm and extracted species for mercury ion Hg2+ has maximum absorbance at wave lengthλmax=293nm, as well as extraction Mg2+ and Hg2+ according to this method (solvaton) needed salting out then used KNO3 as salting out and giving higher extraction efficiency at 0.5M KNO3 for extraction Mg2+,but for extraction Hg2+ used 0.08M KNO3 to giving higher extraction efficiency in pressence 50μg Mg2+ and Hg2+ each one alone. As optimum concentration ,whereas this quantity from metal cation help to reached farorable thermodynamic equilibrium for formation extracted spesies for Mg2+and Hg2+according to solvation method. Also this study demonstrate different salting out and different concentration, and show extraction efficincy for Mg2+and Hg2+according to solvation method differ by kind of salting out more than it is concentration, as well extraction the species of Mg2+ and Hg2+ by CPE method reached high efficiency by heating at 90ºC for Mg2+ and at 85ºC for Hg2+ with heating time 15 minutes for both ion in precence (0.5mL) of 1% TritoX - 100 so that study the effect of different extractant on extraction efficiency of Mg2+ and Hg2+according to solvation method.Thermodynamicaly extraction of thes ion by solvation method show thermodynamic data was(∆Sex=+155.94 J mol - 1K - 1), (∆Gex= - 56.483 kJ mol - 1), (∆Hex=+0.1242 kJ mol - 1), for Mg but for Hg2+thermodynamic data was (∆Sex=202.6 J mol - 1K - 1), (∆Gex= - 72.4138 kJ mol - 1), (∆Hex=0.1421 kJ mol - 1), this study involved determination Mg(II) and Hg(II) in different samples according to solvation method by CPE technique.
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