اسم المؤلف:
عقيل طوينة عودة
اسم المشرف:
عبد الله عبد المنعم محمد
المستخلص:
Four experiments were carried out for this study, two field and two laboratory, to manufacture a Synbiotic for milk powder Kefir ( MPK ) and loaded with some feed material with or without sugar beet milled or Helianthus tuberosus powder and the effect of adding it to some of the production , physiological and immunological characteristics of the chickens . Where the first laboratory experiment was conducted in Microbiology Laboratory at the Animal Production Department in the College of Agricultur - University of Basrah , for the period from 10 / 4 / 2015 to 7 / 5 / 2015 for the purpose of manufacturing a Synbiotic of MPK.The second field experiment was conducted in a commercial field for poultry in Al - Zubair / Basrah during the period from 24 / 1 / 2016 to 27 / 2 / 2016 , which included selecting the best biomass of MPK loaded on wheat , corn , soybeans and wheat bran with the addition of Helianthus tuberosus powder , So that one gram of MPK and loaded on the previous materials can bacteria . In this L. acidophiluscfu / ml 8least 10be provided at experiment, 450 unsexed one day of the Ross 308 chicks, at a rate of 40 g / chick were distributed randomly to six Treatments , three replicates per treatment , 25 birds per replicate and the treatments were as follows ; T1 : Control treatment included a standard diet . T2 : A standard diet supplemented only by amoxicillin antibiotic according to the program of preventive health approach . T3 : A standard meal with 3 g of MPK loaded on wheat/ kg feed .T4 : A standard meal with 3 g of MPK loaded on yellow corn / kg feed. T5 : A standard meal with 3 g of MPK loaded on soybeans / kg feed. T6 : A standard meal with 3 g of MPK loaded on wheat bran / kg feed .The third field experiment was conducted to determine the best effect of the synbiotic MPK loaded with wheat, corn, soybeans and wheat bran and compared with three foreign probiotics in the productive, physiological and immunological characteristics of chicks. This experiment was conductedbduring the period from 4 / 10 / 2016 until 9 / 11 / 2016, using 600 unsexed chickens with one day of the Ross 308 at a rate of weight of 40 g / chick .The chicks were randomly distributed into eight treatments with three replicates per treatment and 25 birds per replicate. The experiment was designed as follows : T1 : Control treatment included a standard diet, T2 : A standard meal with 3 g of MPK loaded on wheat/ kg feed . T3 : A standard meal with 3 g of MPK loaded on yellow corn / kg feed. T4 : A standard meal with 3 g of MPK loaded on wheat bran / kg feed. T5 : added treatment 1/2 g of probiotic Labzyme / kg feed , Korean - made , T6 : added treatment 1/2 g probiotic Biozyme / kg feed , German - made , T7 : added treatment 1/2 g probiotic Biolac / kg feed , Vietnamese made , T8 : A standard diet supplemented only by amoxicillin antibiotic according to the program of preventive health approach .The fourth laboratory experiment was conducted in Microbiology Laboratory at the Animal Production Department in the College of Agriculture, University of Basrah for the period from 6 / 3 / 2016 to 7 / 4 / 2016 for the study of antibacterial activity in the kefir milk and compare it with Biozyme , Pencilin, Gentamycin, Tetracyclin and Neomycin against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli causing bacterial necrosis with Bacterial Chondronecrosis with Osteomyelitis ( BCO ) . The results of the study included the following : First laboratory experiment ;The results of the first experiment showed that the wet biomass rate of fermented kefir milk was 70 % . This high percentage is evidence of the growth of Lactate Bacteria in this product. The results showed that wheat bran and wheat bran and corn were the best loaded significant materials (p <0.05) Compared to soybeans in terms of growth and reproduction of lactic acid bacteria. Adding Helianthus tuberosus powder increased the number of bacteria in dried kefir milk compared sugar beet milled , which reduced the number of bacteria in MPK .Second field experiment : cThe results of the experiment showed the following : 1 - There were significant increase (p <0.05)) in the final body weight rate and the body weight gain and Food conversion efficiency, as well as a significant decrease (p <0.05) In the amount of feed consumed for the sixth, third and fourth treatments, supplemented with synbiotic MPK loaded on wheat bran, wheat and corn compared with other treatments .2 - Treatments sixth , third , fourth had significant (p<0.05) decrease mortality percent as comparing with control and treatment two .3 - The sixth , third , and fourth treatments were significantly higher (P <0.05) in the production index and the performance index and drcrease value of economic efficiency compared with other treatments .4 - Total protein and globulin in plasma serum were increased significant (p<0.05) and decreased (p <0.05) in the concentration of triglycerides and cholesterol in the sixth, third and fourth treatments supplemented with synbiotic MPK , loaded on wheat bran , wheat and corn , as well as the increased of the third, sixth and fourth treatments significantly (p <0.05) in the concentration of ALP enzyme compared to other treatments .5 - The results showed that the fifth, sixth, third, and fourth treatments did not differ significantly in antibodies titer against Newcastle ( NDV) and the Comboro ( IBDV ) disease, but significantly exceeded (p <0.05) compared to the first and second treatments .Third field experience : According to the results of the second field experiment, the best three treatments were added to the synbiotic MPK and loaded on wheat bran , wheat and corn . It was compared with three foreign prpbiotics , the treatment of addition of amoxicillin antibiotic and control treatment. The results of the experiment showed the following ;d1 - The second , fourth , third and sixth treatments, supplemented with probiotic, MPK , loaded with wheat , wheat bran , corn, and labzyme were significantly higher (p <0.05) in body weight and weight gain . As well as a significant decrease (p <0.05) in the amount of feed consumed and a significant improvement (p <0.05) in the efficiency of food conversion compared to other experimental treatments .2 - The first, fifth, and seventh treatments were significantly higher (p <0.05) in the mortality percent as comparing , to other experimental treatments .3 - A significant (p <0.05) increased was observed in the production index and the performance index and significantly decrease in the economic efficiency value for the second, fourth, third and sixth treatments.4 - The second, fourth, third and sixth treatments were significantly higher (p <0.05) in dressing percentage , tibia and thoracic characteristics , as well as a significant increase (p <0.05) in the weight of the cecum compared to other treatments.5 - There was a significant increase (p <0.05) in the weight of Bursa fabricius for the first, eighth and seventh treatments, as well as a H/L ratio was significant (p<0.05) decrease in the second, third, fourth and sixth compared to other treatments.6 - Total protein and globulin in plasma serum were significant (p<0.05) increased and decrease significantly(p <0.05) in the concentration of triglyceride and cholesterol in treatments second, fourth, sixth and third , compared to other treatments.7 - The superiority of the second, third, and fourth treatment was significantly higher (p <0.05) in the concentration of ALP enzyme in plasma serum compared to other treatments.8 - The third, seventh, second, fourth, and sixth treatments recorded the highest significant mean (p <0.05) of the degrees granted to them by theeEvaluator in the flavor, tenderness and juicy compared to the fifth, first and eighth treatments .9 - The second, seventh, third, fourth, and sixth treatments were significantly higher (p <0.05) in lactic acid in intestinal fluid , as well as There were significant (p<0.05) increase in digestibility of dry matter , protein and fat in treatments fourth, second, third and sixth as compared with other .10 - The fourth, second, third, and sixth factors significantly exceeded (p <0.05) in weight and length of the tibia , bone index , ash ratio , and skeletal weight of the chickens, as well as The second, fourth, third, and sixth treatments were significantly higher (p <0.05) in the level of calcium and phosphorus in the bone compared with other .11 - The first, eighth, fifth and seventh treatments were significantly higher (p <0.05) in the rate of food passage in the gastrointestinal tract compared with other.12 - Significant increase (p<0.05) in villi length and crups depth in treatments fourth, second and third as compared with seventh, fifth, eighth and first.Fourth laboratory experiment : The results of the experiment showed no significant differences in the treatment of MPK with gentamycin in diameter (mm) inhibition of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Which cause BCO disease , while significantly increase (P <0.05) with Pencilin, Labzyme, Tetracyclin , Biozyme in diameter of the inhibition zone to the staphylococcus aureus and the diameter of the inhibition zone of Escherichia coli.
