Author name:
اية خالد كريم
Supervisor name:
فارس محمد سهيل
Abstract:
الخلاصة اشتملت الدراسة تنفيذ خمس تجارب, فضلا عن عزل بكتريا الـ Azotobacter وتنقيتها وتوصيفها وذلك من خلال جمع 16 عينة تربة من رايزوسفير محاصيل عدة من مناطق مختلفة من محافظة ديالى.كانت اربع تجارب مختبرية نفذت بهدف قياس اقل تركيز مثبط MIC من الـ NaCl في نم | The study imvolved implementation of five experiments, as well as the isolation, purification and classification of the bacteria (Azotobacter) and through the collection (16) soil samples from Rhaizosphre several crops from different regions of the province of Diyala. The four laboratory experiments carried out to measure less inhibitory concentration MIC in the growth and the number of bacteria Azotobacter and fixation of atmospheric nitrogen and produce GA3 from bacteria. Fifth experiment pot experiment to study the effect of two types of bacteria Azotobacter and interference with water drainage in the growth and yield plant wheat (Triticum aestevium L.) type (Aba 99).Isolate and diagnose the bacteria Azotobacter : The screening showed and diagnostic results that 11 isolation is a subsidiary of the type A.chroococcum, and 5 isolates belonging to the sensitization A.vinelandii.The isolates (A10, A2, A6, A8) was chosen from A.chroococcum and (A9, A5, A16, A14) was chosen from A.vinelandii was chosen as local isolate used in laboratory experiments based on the measurement of the soil salinity isolated ones, and selected isolates A10, A8, A5, A14 local isolate used as biofertility to the experience of pots because of their ability to nitrogen fixation by measuring the amount of nitrogen fixation in the third experiments. Laboratory experiments : The first and second experiment : Two trials were conducted Laboratory by using randomized complete block design (RCBD), each experiment included (120) experimental unit for each lap. Resulted from (8) isolates bacterial and five Trakizmn salt NaCl (0, 1, 3, 5, 7)% and (3) replicates, and incubated for three periods lap (1.3, 6) days to calculate the (MIC) in the growth and cell numbers bacterial. The results showed that the number of bacteria cells A.vinelandii rate increase all isolates A.chroococcum regardless of the concentrations of NaCl and extended incubation. Although isolates (A16, A14) isolated from soil salty surpassed isolates (A9, A5) isolated from soil is salty, and isolates (A8, A6) A.chroococcum of bacteria isolated from soil salty surpassed isolates (A10, A2) isolated from non - saline soil. The highest values of the numbers of bacteria are isolates A8, A16, amounting to (11.13, 11.0) * 104.cfu g - 1 dry soil. The increase in the concentration of NaCl led to a decrease significantly in the growth and the number of bacteria Azotobacter cells as the decline amounted to 17.13%, 45.52%, 59.50%, 76.99% at concentrations of 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, respectively, and recorded the lowest numbers in the values of focus 7%, reaching 3.80 * 104. Cfu g - 1 dry soil. The growth and numbers of bacteria Azotobacter increased treatment effect when increasing the extended cuddling and all concentrations of NaCl. In a period of one lap on all isolates were grown in 1% NaCl concentration of the MIC for all isolates focus is 1%, while the two lap 3 days, all isolates growing focus recorded (3%, 5%) excluding A16 isolation of bacteria A.vinelandii was able to focus on growth until 7%, so the damper the MIC for this isolation focus is to concentrate 7%, while the rest of the isolates the MIC have 5%, which indicates that this isolation is more resistant to salinity of the isolates.The third experiment : The results showed that the rate of nitrogen fixation bacteria Azotobacter between (0.008 - 0.04%), but an increase in local concentrations led to a decline in moral decline as nitrogen fixation rate of 50.0%, 77.5%, 95.0%, 98.0% at concentrations of 1% salinity, 3%, 5%, 7% respectively.All isolated of bacteria Azotobacter can nitrogen fixation in the all salinity level. although A.chroococcum isolates isolated from non - saline soil surpassed isolates isolated from soil salty and all levels of salinity. Fourth experiment : A laboratory Conducted experiment by using a randomized complete block design (RCBD), included the experiment (12) experimental unit. Resulted from (4) bacterial isolates and three concentration of salt NaCl (0, 3, 5)% to calculate the MIC in the production of bacteria gibbereline Azotobacter. The results showed that the production rate of bacteria gibberline Azotobacter and all isolates ranged from 0.996 - 3.6 mg. L - 1, regardless of the concentration of added NaCl. And increasing salinity levels have led to a reduction in the production of Aljprlin, recorded A8 isolation from A.chroococcum isolated from soil salty higher values in the production of Aljprlin and all levels of salinity Experiemet of pots : The experiment was Carried out in the College of Agriculture, University of Diyala in the soil of a fusion sand using a design full sectors randomized (RCBD) in the winter season of the year (2013 - 2014). The experiment included on (60) experimental unit, resulting from the overlap between the four isolates bacterial treatment compared without the addition of bacterial vaccine and four concentrations of water drainage. The results showed that the addition of the vaccine bacterial gave a significant increase in plant height, dry weights of grouped shoot and root, leaf area, chlorophyll content, holds grains, protein and the concentration of elements of N and decrease the concentration of Na elements, Cl and proline.The addition of the vaccine bacterial and all isolates used led to a significant increase in plant height, dry weights of grouped shoot and root, leaf area, chlorophyll content, holds grains, protein and the concentration of elements of N, and decrease the concentration of Na elements, Cl and the preparation of bacteria Azotobacter in the soil compared to non - bacterial vaccine in addition to all the concentrations of water drainage. The isolates were isolated from soil salty gave an increase in traits higher than isolates isolated from non - saline soil.
